gem_id stringlengths 21 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 397
values | context stringlengths 151 1.55k | question stringlengths 12 201 | target stringlengths 12 201 | references listlengths 1 1 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-40022 | 572a3b543f37b319004787f3 | New_Haven,_Connecticut | New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world. New Haven-style pizza, called "apizza" (pronounced ah-BEETS, [aˈpitts] in the original Italian dialect), made its debut at the iconic Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana (known as P... | In what year was New Haven-style pizza found? | In what year was New Haven-style pizza found? | [
"In what year was New Haven-style pizza found?"
] | {
"text": [
"1925"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-36070 | 572719235951b619008f85e7 | Comcast | Comcast also owns many local channels. Comcast also has a variety network known as Comcast Network, available exclusively to Comcast and Cablevision subscribers. The channel shows news, sports, and entertainment and places emphasis in Philadelphia and the Baltimore/Washington, D.C. areas, though the channel is also ava... | What is the name of Comcast's channel available to subscribers in east coast markets? | What is the name of Comcast's channel available to subscribers in east coast markets? | [
"What is the name of Comcast's channel available to subscribers in east coast markets?"
] | {
"text": [
"Comcast Network"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-98372 | 56f8b42f9e9bad19000a0369 | Alps | About 10,000 years ago, when the ice melted after the last glacial period, late Paleolithic communities were established along the lake shores and in cave systems. Evidence of human habitation has been found in caves near Vercors, close to Grenoble; in Austria the Mondsee culture shows evidence of houses built on piles... | When were late Paleolithic communities established along the lake shores? | When were late Paleolithic communities established along the lake shores? | [
"When were late Paleolithic communities established along the lake shores?"
] | {
"text": [
"About 10,000 years ago"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72932 | 5ad368ed604f3c001a3fe0cb | Dell | In addition, the company provides protection services, advisory services, multivendor hardware support, "how-to" support for software applications, collaborative support with many third-party vendors, and online parts and labor dispatching for customers who diagnose and troubleshoot their hardware. Dell also provides D... | What kind of software support does Dell provide? | What kind of software support does Dell provide? | [
"What kind of software support does Dell provide?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43325 | 5a8615a4b4e223001a8e746b | Poultry | In general, avian influenza is a disease of birds caused by bird-specific influenza A virus that is not normally transferred to people; however, people in contact with live poultry are at the greatest risk of becoming infected with the virus and this is of particular concern in areas such as Southeast Asia, where the d... | Why is the Avian flu only a risk to animals? | Why is the Avian flu only a risk to animals? | [
"Why is the Avian flu only a risk to animals?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56151 | 56e7b2f200c9c71400d77513 | Arena_Football_League | After its return in 2010, the AFL had its national television deal with the NFL Network for a weekly Friday night game. All AFL games not on the NFL Network could be seen for free online, provided by Ustream. | On what day would AFL games be shown on NFL Network? | On what day would AFL games be shown on NFL Network? | [
"On what day would AFL games be shown on NFL Network?"
] | {
"text": [
"Friday"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14782 | 57309b8f396df91900096208 | Alfred_North_Whitehead | To put it another way, a thing or person is often seen as having a "defining essence" or a "core identity" that is unchanging, and describes what the thing or person really is. In this way of thinking, things and people are seen as fundamentally the same through time, with any changes being qualitative and secondary to... | Where do occasions of experience overlap? | Where do occasions of experience overlap? | [
"Where do occasions of experience overlap?"
] | {
"text": [
"time and space"
],
"answer_start": [
571
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62061 | 5725f926ec44d21400f3d7bd | Chicago_Cubs | In 1914, advertising executive Albert Lasker obtained a large block of the club's shares and before the 1916 season assumed majority ownership of the franchise. Lasker brought in a wealthy partner, Charles Weeghman, the proprietor of a popular chain of lunch counters who had previously owned the Chicago Whales of the s... | Who did Albert Lasker bring in to be his partner of the Chicago Cubs? | Who did Albert Lasker bring in to be his partner of the Chicago Cubs? | [
"Who did Albert Lasker bring in to be his partner of the Chicago Cubs?"
] | {
"text": [
"Charles Weeghman"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-97970 | 5a82003531013a001a3350ae | Humanism | The ad fontes principle also had many applications. The re-discovery of ancient manuscripts brought a more profound and accurate knowledge of ancient philosophical schools such as Epicureanism, and Neoplatonism, whose Pagan wisdom the humanists, like the Church fathers of old, tended, at least initially, to consider as... | Who couldn't quote a line of Terence? | Who couldn't quote a line of Terence? | [
"Who couldn't quote a line of Terence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62083 | 57266857dd62a815002e83fe | Chicago_Cubs | Green shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions. In December, 1983 Scott Sanderson was acquired from Montreal in a three-team deal with San Diego for Carmelo Martínez. Pinch hitter Richie Hebner (.333 BA in 1984) was signed as a free-agent. In spring training, moves continued: LF Gary Matthews and CF Bobb... | Who shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions? | Who shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions? | [
"Who shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions?"
] | {
"text": [
"Green"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21984 | 5acd770707355d001abf4386 | Aircraft_carrier | The current US fleet of Nimitz-class carriers will be followed into service (and in some cases replaced) by the ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. It is expected that the ships will be more automated in an effort to reduce the amount of funding required to staff, maintain and operate its supercarriers. The main new feature... | When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be commissioned? | When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be commissioned? | [
"When is the USS Enterprise scheduled to be commissioned?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56756 | 5727b186ff5b5019007d92b9 | Gramophone_record | Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could a... | On which label did Elvis release his early singles? | On which label did Elvis release his early singles? | [
"On which label did Elvis release his early singles?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sun Records"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-38174 | 573059f08ab72b1400f9c490 | Roman_Republic | Music was a major part of everyday life.[citation needed] The word itself derives from Greek μουσική (mousike), "(art) of the Muses". Many private and public events were accompanied by music, ranging from nightly dining to military parades and manoeuvres. In a discussion of any ancient music, however, non-specialists a... | What was considered to be dominant part of normal life? | What was considered to be dominant part of normal life? | [
"What was considered to be dominant part of normal life?"
] | {
"text": [
"Music"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59194 | 57269e385951b619008f77ed | Alloy | When the alloy cools and solidifies (crystallizes), its mechanical properties will often be quite different from those of its individual constituents. A metal that is normally very soft and malleable, such as aluminium, can be altered by alloying it with another soft metal, like copper. Although both metals are very so... | What can be added to steel to enhance is corrosion resistance? | What can be added to steel to enhance is corrosion resistance? | [
"What can be added to steel to enhance is corrosion resistance?"
] | {
"text": [
"chromium"
],
"answer_start": [
689
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72824 | 5ad35760604f3c001a3fddf6 | Dell | In 1993, to complement its own direct sales channel, Dell planned to sell PCs at big-box retail outlets such as Wal-Mart, which would have brought in an additional $125 million in annual revenue. Bain consultant Kevin Rollins persuaded Michael Dell to pull out of these deals, believing they would be money losers in the... | Who convinced Michael Dell to use retailers to sell PCs? | Who convinced Michael Dell to use retailers to sell PCs? | [
"Who convinced Michael Dell to use retailers to sell PCs?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102250 | 5ad3ac48604f3c001a3febb9 | High-definition_television | Several systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A new standard had to be more effici... | What wasn't the existing system at the time? | What wasn't the existing system at the time? | [
" What wasn't the existing system at the time?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-84546 | 5ad4bda35b96ef001a109ebd | San_Diego | The city lies on approximately 200 deep canyons and hills separating its mesas, creating small pockets of natural open space scattered throughout the city and giving it a hilly geography. Traditionally, San Diegans have built their homes and businesses on the mesas, while leaving the urban canyons relatively wild. Thus... | What divides the city's eastern and western segments? | What divides the city's eastern and western segments? | [
"What divides the city's eastern and western segments?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83629 | 5acd875f07355d001abf45d4 | Florida | In 1763, Spain traded Florida to the Kingdom of Great Britain for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. It was part of a large expansion of British territory following the country's victory in the Seven Years' War. Almost the entire Spanish population left, taking ... | What road did the British destroy? | What road did the British destroy? | [
" What road did the British destroy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-42220 | 5728ae21ff5b5019007da47c | Karl_Popper | In response to a given problem situation (), a number of competing conjectures, or tentative theories (), are systematically subjected to the most rigorous attempts at falsification possible. This process, error elimination (), performs a similar function for science that natural selection performs for biological evolu... | What process in science is like the process of natural selection in nature? | What process in science is like the process of natural selection in nature? | [
"What process in science is like the process of natural selection in nature?"
] | {
"text": [
"error elimination"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103992 | 570b933d6b8089140040f9a4 | Infrared | Infrared radiation is popularly known as "heat radiation"[citation needed], but light and electromagnetic waves of any frequency will heat surfaces that absorb them. Infrared light from the Sun accounts for 49% of the heating of Earth, with the rest being caused by visible light that is absorbed then re-radiated at lon... | What is a commonly used term for infrared radiation? | What is a commonly used term for infrared radiation? | [
"What is a commonly used term for infrared radiation?"
] | {
"text": [
"heat radiation"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6248 | 5727721add62a815002e9d07 | Late_Middle_Ages | At the end of the 15th century the Ottoman Empire advanced all over Southeastern Europe, eventually conquering the Byzantine Empire and extending control over the Balkan states. Hungary was the last bastion of the Latin Christian world in the East, and fought to keep its rule over a period of two centuries. After the t... | Who was appointed regent-governor of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1446? | Who was appointed regent-governor of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1446? | [
"Who was appointed regent-governor of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1446?"
] | {
"text": [
"count John Hunyadi"
],
"answer_start": [
470
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39287 | 57324e68b9d445190005ea12 | Protestantism | Although the Reformation was a religious movement, it also had a strong impact on all other aspects of life: marriage and family, education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy, and the arts. Protestant churches reject the idea of a celibate priesthood and thus allow their clergy to... | What churches let their clergy marry? | What churches let their clergy marry? | [
"What churches let their clergy marry?"
] | {
"text": [
"Protestant"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6961 | 5ad4e0615b96ef001a10a50f | Red | Matisse was also one of the first 20th-century artists to make color the central element of the painting, chosen to evoke emotions. "A certain blue penetrates your soul", he wrote. "A certain red affects your blood pressure." He also was familiar with the way that complementary colors, such as red and green, strengthen... | What theory did Matisse say his choice of colors was based on? | What theory did Matisse say his choice of colors was based on? | [
"What theory did Matisse say his choice of colors was based on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-81727 | 5706bc1f2eaba6190074acd2 | Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey | There were 15,848 households out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.8% were married couples living together, 23.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 37.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.4% had someone living alone who w... | How many households had children under the age of 18 living with them? | How many households had children under the age of 18 living with them? | [
"How many households had children under the age of 18 living with them?"
] | {
"text": [
"27.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62672 | 5a7b9f0621c2de001afea1e1 | Software_testing | Several certification programs exist to support the professional aspirations of software testers and quality assurance specialists. No certification now offered actually requires the applicant to show their ability to test software. No certification is based on a widely accepted body of knowledge. This has led some to ... | What certification requires applicants to demonstrate ability? | What certification requires applicants to demonstrate ability? | [
"What certification requires applicants to demonstrate ability?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-44746 | 56f8af2b9e9bad19000a030b | Gene | Firstly, flanking the open reading frame, all genes contain a regulatory sequence that is required for their expression. In order to be expressed, genes require a promoter sequence. The promoter is recognized and bound by transcription factors and RNA polymerase to initiate transcription.:7.1 A gene can have more than ... | What results when genes have more than one promoter? | What results when genes have more than one promoter? | [
"What results when genes have more than one promoter?"
] | {
"text": [
"messenger RNAs (mRNA) that differ in how far they extend in the 5' end"
],
"answer_start": [
347
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59686 | 5ad16b34645df0001a2d1a87 | Electric_motor | Stepper motors were and still are often used in computer printers, optical scanners, and digital photocopiers to move the optical scanning element, the print head carriage (of dot matrix and inkjet printers), and the platen or feed rollers. Likewise, many computer plotters (which since the early 1990s have been replace... | In scanners, what don't stepper motors move? | In scanners, what don't stepper motors move? | [
" In scanners, what don't stepper motors move?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17214 | 5ad14aa7645df0001a2d15b3 | Uranium | The most common forms of uranium oxide are triuranium octoxide (U
3O
8) and UO
2. Both oxide forms are solids that have low solubility in water and are relatively stable over a wide range of environmental conditions. Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form mo... | What is the least stable uranium compound? | What is the least stable uranium compound? | [
"What is the least stable uranium compound?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17588 | 56cf3cd2aab44d1400b88ec9 | Spectre_(2015_film) | In November 2014, Sony Pictures Entertainment was targeted by hackers who released details of confidential e-mails between Sony executives regarding several high-profile film projects. Included within these were several memos relating to the production of Spectre, claiming that the film was over budget, detailing early... | Who wrote the early drafts of the script for Spectre? | Who wrote the early drafts of the script for Spectre? | [
"Who wrote the early drafts of the script for Spectre?"
] | {
"text": [
"John Logan"
],
"answer_start": [
353
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-89498 | 572f7ac2b2c2fd140056816a | The_Blitz | The Luftwaffe's poor intelligence meant that their aircraft were not always able to locate their targets, and thus attacks on factories and airfields failed to achieve the desired results. British fighter aircraft production continued at a rate surpassing Germany's by 2 to 1. The British produced 10,000 aircraft in 194... | Britain's fabrication of fighter planes out paced Germany by what margin? | Britain's fabrication of fighter planes out paced Germany by what margin? | [
"Britain's fabrication of fighter planes out paced Germany by what margin?"
] | {
"text": [
"2 to 1"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-2715 | 57300a5fa23a5019007fcca1 | British_Isles | The British Isles are a group of islands off the north-western coast of continental Europe that consist of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland and over six thousand smaller isles. Situated in the North Atlantic, the islands have a total area of approximately 315,159 km2, and a combined population of just under 70 mil... | What is two islands that are part of the British Isles? | What is two islands that are part of the British Isles? | [
"What is two islands that are part of the British Isles?"
] | {
"text": [
"Great Britain, Ireland"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-80172 | 5a6289dcf8d794001af1c0c9 | Samoa | Samoans' religious adherence includes the following: Christian Congregational Church of Samoa 31.8%, Roman Catholic 19.4%, Methodist 15.2%, Assembly of God 13.7%, Mormon 7.6%, Seventh-day Adventist 3.9%, Worship Centre 1.7%, other Christian 5.5%, other 0.7%, none 0.1%, unspecified 0.1% (2011 estimate). The Head of Stat... | Who dedicated the Roman Catholic church built in Samoa in 1984? | Who dedicated the Roman Catholic church built in Samoa in 1984? | [
"Who dedicated the Roman Catholic church built in Samoa in 1984?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-66968 | 5726abdb5951b619008f799c | Nutrition | Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDs or RDNs) are health professionals qualified to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice which includes a review of what is eaten, a thorough review of nutritional health, and a personalized nutritional treatment plan. They also provide preventive and therapeutic programs at wo... | Who typically specializes in obesity and chronic disease? | Who typically specializes in obesity and chronic disease? | [
"Who typically specializes in obesity and chronic disease?"
] | {
"text": [
"Certified Nutrition Specialist"
],
"answer_start": [
791
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116347 | 5706ee379e06ca38007e921c | Letter_case | The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that a... | What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers? | What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers? | [
"What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers?"
] | {
"text": [
"sentence-style"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111426 | 573201d7b9d445190005e715 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Rome's government, politics and religion were dominated by an educated, male, landowning military aristocracy. Approximately half Rome's population were slave or free non-citizens. Most others were plebeians, the lowest class of Roman citizens. Less than a quarter of adult males had voting rights; far fewer could actua... | What was the lowest class of Roman citizens? | What was the lowest class of Roman citizens? | [
"What was the lowest class of Roman citizens?"
] | {
"text": [
"plebeians"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11209 | 5733e7c4d058e614000b6557 | Anthropology | Ethical commitments in anthropology include noticing and documenting genocide, infanticide, racism, mutilation (including circumcision and subincision), and torture. Topics like racism, slavery, and human sacrifice attract anthropological attention and theories ranging from nutritional deficiencies to genes to accultur... | What type of anthropology commitment is noticing and documenting genocide? | What type of anthropology commitment is noticing and documenting genocide? | [
"What type of anthropology commitment is noticing and documenting genocide?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ethical"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30508 | 5ace21e832bba1001ae49b6f | Appalachian_Mountains | The Blue Ridge Mountains, rising in southern Pennsylvania and there known as South Mountain, attain elevations of about 2,000 ft (600 m) in that state. South Mountain achieves its highest point just below the Mason-Dixon line in Maryland at Quirauk Mountain 2,145 ft (654 m) and then diminishes in height southward to th... | What mountain is just above the Mason-Dixon line? | What mountain is just above the Mason-Dixon line? | [
"What mountain is just above the Mason-Dixon line?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43935 | 56d119ff17492d1400aab94d | Kanye_West | On December 3, 2013, Adidas officially confirmed a new shoe collaboration deal with West. After months of anticipation and rumors, West confirmed the release of the Adidas Yeezy Boosts with a Twitter announcement directing fans to the domain yeezy.supply. In 2015, West unveiled his Yeezy Season clothing line, premierin... | What shoe was announced on Twitter by Kanye West? | What shoe was announced on Twitter by Kanye West? | [
"What shoe was announced on Twitter by Kanye West?"
] | {
"text": [
"Adidas Yeezy Boosts"
],
"answer_start": [
165
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-44184 | 5731de9c0fdd8d15006c65c2 | Bras%C3%ADlia | The Cathedral of Brasília in the capital of the Federative Republic of Brazil, is an expression of the architect Oscar Niemeyer. This concrete-framed hyperboloid structure, seems with its glass roof reaching up, open, to the heavens. On 31 May 1970, the Cathedral’s structure was finished, and only the 70 m (229.66 ft) ... | What type of structure is the Cathedral of Brasília? | What type of structure is the Cathedral of Brasília? | [
"What type of structure is the Cathedral of Brasília?"
] | {
"text": [
"concrete-framed hyperboloid"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-29507 | 573054f0069b53140083206a | Swaziland | In addition to these institutions, Swaziland also has the Swaziland Institute of Management and Public Administration (SIMPA) and Institute of Development Management (IDM). SIMPA is a government owned management and development institute and IDM is a regional organisation in Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland that provide... | What service does the IDM provide? | What service does the IDM provide? | [
"What service does the IDM provide?"
] | {
"text": [
"training, consultancy, and research in management"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60196 | 572f9e64947a6a140053cad8 | Washington_University_in_St._Louis | During the latter half of the 20th century, Washington University transitioned from a strong regional university to a national research institution. In 1957, planning began for the construction of the “South 40,” a complex of modern residential halls. With the additional on-campus housing, Washington University, which ... | When did Washington University transition to a national research institution? | When did Washington University transition to a national research institution? | [
"When did Washington University transition to a national research institution?"
] | {
"text": [
"During the latter half of the 20th century,"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-93116 | 5acedb6f32bba1001ae4b77e | Tajikistan | Tajikistan consists of 4 administrative divisions. These are the provinces (viloyat) of Sughd and Khatlon, the autonomous province of Gorno-Badakhshan (abbreviated as GBAO), and the Region of Republican Subordination (RRP – Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in transliteration from Russian or NTJ – Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷум... | Jamboats are what? | Jamboats are what? | [
"Jamboats are what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50389 | 5acee16332bba1001ae4b845 | Neptune | High-altitude clouds on Neptune have been observed casting shadows on the opaque cloud deck below. There are also high-altitude cloud bands that wrap around the planet at constant latitude. These circumferential bands have widths of 50–150 km and lie about 50–110 km above the cloud deck. These altitudes are in the laye... | Where are the low altitude bands of clouds on Neptune? | Where are the low altitude bands of clouds on Neptune? | [
" Where are the low altitude bands of clouds on Neptune?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-73246 | 56d374a259d6e41400146443 | American_Idol | Season five began on January 17, 2006. It remains the highest-rated season in the show's run so far. Two of the more prominent contestants during the Hollywood round were the Brittenum twins who were later disqualified for identity theft. | Which two contestants were removed from the show for accusations of identity theft? | Which two contestants were removed from the show for accusations of identity theft? | [
"Which two contestants were removed from the show for accusations of identity theft?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Brittenum twins"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59974 | 5acfc2d177cf76001a685d65 | Zhejiang | Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou and Zhoushan are important commercial ports. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge between Haiyan County and Cixi, is the longest bridge over a continuous body of sea water in the world. | What kind of ports are Taizhou and Ningbo not considered? | What kind of ports are Taizhou and Ningbo not considered? | [
"What kind of ports are Taizhou and Ningbo not considered?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-16328 | 57317b49a5e9cc1400cdbfb6 | Muammar_Gaddafi | In June 1973, Gaddafi created a political ideology as a basis for the Popular Revolution. Third International Theory considered the U.S. and the Soviet Union as imperialist, thus rejected Western capitalism as well as Eastern bloc communism's atheism. In this respect it was similar to the Three Worlds Theory developed ... | Who was the founder of Three Worlds Theory? | Who was the founder of Three Worlds Theory? | [
"Who was the founder of Three Worlds Theory?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mao Zedong"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19179 | 5733f7b3d058e614000b669f | Premier_League | Managers in the Premier League are involved in the day-to-day running of the team, including the training, team selection, and player acquisition. Their influence varies from club-to-club and is related to the ownership of the club and the relationship of the manager with fans. Managers are required to have a UEFA Pro ... | What license are managers in the Premier League required to hold? | What license are managers in the Premier League required to hold? | [
"What license are managers in the Premier League required to hold?"
] | {
"text": [
"UEFA Pro Licence"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-115184 | 5726292d89a1e219009ac44d | Mammal | In 1997, the mammals were comprehensively revised by Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell, which has resulted in the McKenna/Bell classification. Their 1997 book, Classification of Mammals above the Species Level, is the most comprehensive work to date on the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal ta... | Where did the two authors work together as paleontologist? | Where did the two authors work together as paleontologist? | [
"Where did the two authors work together as paleontologist? "
] | {
"text": [
"American Museum of Natural History"
],
"answer_start": [
516
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114099 | 572a34106aef05140015536e | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | But in statistical mechanics things get more complicated. On one hand, statistical mechanics is far superior to classical thermodynamics, in that thermodynamic behavior, such as glass breaking, can be explained by the fundamental laws of physics paired with a statistical postulate. But statistical mechanics, unlike cla... | What kind of law is the second law of thermodynamics, as it arises in statistical mechanics? | What kind of law is the second law of thermodynamics, as it arises in statistical mechanics? | [
"What kind of law is the second law of thermodynamics, as it arises in statistical mechanics?"
] | {
"text": [
"not an absolute law"
],
"answer_start": [
533
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14310 | 572ed03ccb0c0d14000f15d5 | Han_dynasty | The period between the foundation of the Han dynasty and Wang Mang's reign is known as the Western Han dynasty (simplified Chinese: 西汉; traditional Chinese: 西漢; pinyin: Xī Hàn) or Former Han dynasty (simplified Chinese: 前汉; traditional Chinese: 前漢; pinyin: Qiánhàn) (206 BC – 9 AD). During this period the capital was at... | Where was the capital located during the Western Han dynasty? | Where was the capital located during the Western Han dynasty? | [
"Where was the capital located during the Western Han dynasty?"
] | {
"text": [
"Chang'an"
],
"answer_start": [
321
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19167 | 5733f72d4776f419006615dc | Premier_League | Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs. For the 2009–10 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 34,215 for Premier League matches with a total aggregate attendance figure of 13,001,616. This represents an increase of 13,089 from the average attendance of... | For when did the Taylor Report set the deadline for replacing terraces with seats in stadiums? | For when did the Taylor Report set the deadline for replacing terraces with seats in stadiums? | [
"For when did the Taylor Report set the deadline for replacing terraces with seats in stadiums?"
] | {
"text": [
"1994–95"
],
"answer_start": [
532
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-25878 | 57097a0bed30961900e841cd | Copper | Like aluminium, copper is 100% recyclable without any loss of quality, regardless of whether it is in a raw state or contained in a manufactured product. In volume, copper is the third most recycled metal after iron and aluminium. It is estimated that 80% of the copper ever mined is still in use today. According to the... | Name a metal that is recycled more often than copper? | Name a metal that is recycled more often than copper? | [
"Name a metal that is recycled more often than copper?"
] | {
"text": [
"aluminium"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-42838 | 570d567ffed7b91900d45ec2 | Franco-Prussian_War | General Frossard's II Corps and Marshal Bazaine's III Corps crossed the German border on 2 August, and began to force the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division from the town of Saarbrücken with a series of direct attacks. The Chassepot rifle proved its worth against the Dreyse rifle, with French riflemen... | Which regiment did their respective corps force from the town of Saarbrucken? | Which regiment did their respective corps force from the town of Saarbrucken? | [
"Which regiment did their respective corps force from the town of Saarbrucken?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-80378 | 572fc90704bcaa1900d76d27 | Bacteria | Most laboratory techniques for growing bacteria use high levels of nutrients to produce large amounts of cells cheaply and quickly. However, in natural environments, nutrients are limited, meaning that bacteria cannot continue to reproduce indefinitely. This nutrient limitation has led the evolution of different growth... | What is the simple way of producing large volume of bacteria cells? | What is the simple way of producing large volume of bacteria cells? | [
"What is the simple way of producing large volume of bacteria cells?"
] | {
"text": [
"high levels of nutrients"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-36178 | 572f9fd104bcaa1900d76b01 | Printed_circuit_board | The simplest method, used for small-scale production and often by hobbyists, is immersion etching, in which the board is submerged in etching solution such as ferric chloride. Compared with methods used for mass production, the etching time is long. Heat and agitation can be applied to the bath to speed the etching rat... | If you wanted to speed up the etching process, you could agitate the bath up or add what to it? | If you wanted to speed up the etching process, you could agitate the bath up or add what to it? | [
"If you wanted to speed up the etching process, you could agitate the bath up or add what to it?"
] | {
"text": [
"Heat"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48691 | 5a85ee75b4e223001a8e72fd | War_on_Terror | Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U.S.-led military action have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan, which has disowned its earlier suppor... | What action made support for the US increase? | What action made support for the US increase? | [
"What action made support for the US increase?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-36018 | 5a7371a353a187001ae631c7 | Comcast | In April 2005, Comcast and Time Warner Cable announced plans to buy the assets of bankrupted Adelphia Cable. The two companies paid a total of $17.6 billion in the deal that was finalized in the second quarter of 2006—after the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) completed a seven-month investigation without r... | How long did it take for Adelphia Cable to go bankrupt? | How long did it take for Adelphia Cable to go bankrupt? | [
"How long did it take for Adelphia Cable to go bankrupt?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-67941 | 57301dd3a23a5019007fcdb3 | Charleston,_South_Carolina | Colonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Caribbean, Eliza Lucas, daughter of p... | By what year was indigo was a leading export for the Lowcountry? | By what year was indigo was a leading export for the Lowcountry? | [
"By what year was indigo was a leading export for the Lowcountry?"
] | {
"text": [
"1750"
],
"answer_start": [
483
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-101150 | 5ad27bb7d7d075001a42966a | Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact | Hitler's fierce anti-Soviet rhetoric was one of the reasons why the UK and France decided that Soviet participation in the 1938 Munich Conference regarding Czechoslovakia would be both dangerous and useless. The Munich Agreement that followed marked a partial German annexation of Czechoslovakia in late 1938 followed by... | The soviets suspected that Nazi-Soviet conflicts would never result in what? | The soviets suspected that Nazi-Soviet conflicts would never result in what? | [
"The soviets suspected that Nazi-Soviet conflicts would never result in what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-112161 | 572908426aef0514001549d6 | Race_(human_categorization) | This effectively means that populations of organisms must have reached a certain measurable level of difference to be recognised as subspecies. Dean Amadon proposed in 1949 that subspecies would be defined according to the seventy-five percent rule which means that 75% of a population must lie outside 99% of the range ... | Many scholars argue what should be replaced with a ninety or ninety-five percent rule? | Many scholars argue what should be replaced with a ninety or ninety-five percent rule? | [
"Many scholars argue what should be replaced with a ninety or ninety-five percent rule?"
] | {
"text": [
"The seventy-five percent rule"
],
"answer_start": [
410
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-101683 | 56d5ff441c85041400946ea9 | Dog | Purebred dogs of one breed are genetically distinguishable from purebred dogs of other breeds, but the means by which kennel clubs classify dogs is unsystematic. Systematic analyses of the dog genome has revealed only four major types of dogs that can be said to be statistically distinct. These include the "old world d... | the Border collie is an example of what type of dog? | the Border collie is an example of what type of dog? | [
"the Border collie is an example of what type of dog?"
] | {
"text": [
"herding"
],
"answer_start": [
397
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-29205 | 571af72f9499d21900609bbd | Pharmaceutical_industry | Often, large multinational corporations exhibit vertical integration, participating in a broad range of drug discovery and development, manufacturing and quality control, marketing, sales, and distribution. Smaller organizations, on the other hand, often focus on a specific aspect such as discovering drug candidates or... | Why are collaborative agreements important? | Why are collaborative agreements important? | [
"Why are collaborative agreements important?"
] | {
"text": [
"to explore the potential of new drug substances"
],
"answer_start": [
455
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82774 | 56e067e7231d4119001ac0b0 | Saint_Helena | The national bird of Saint Helena is the Saint Helena plover, known locally as the wirebird. It appears on the coat of arms of Saint Helena and on the flag. | What is the Plover known locally as? | What is the Plover known locally as? | [
"What is the Plover known locally as?"
] | {
"text": [
"wirebird"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48197 | 56fa115c8f12f319006300be | Wood | In heartwood it occurs only in the first and last forms. Wood that is thoroughly air-dried retains 8–16% of the water in the cell walls, and none, or practically none, in the other forms. Even oven-dried wood retains a small percentage of moisture, but for all except chemical purposes, may be considered absolutely dry. | Air-dried wood keeps up to what percentage of the water in its cell walls? | Air-dried wood keeps up to what percentage of the water in its cell walls? | [
"Air-dried wood keeps up to what percentage of the water in its cell walls?"
] | {
"text": [
"16"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-95421 | 57268ff4dd62a815002e89ad | Yale_University | Yale traces its beginnings to "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School," passed by the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut on October 9, 1701, while meeting in New Haven. The Act was an effort to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut. Soon thereafter, a group of ten ... | Why was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" proposed? | Why was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" proposed? | [
"Why was \"An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School\" proposed?"
] | {
"text": [
"to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48751 | 57284f5f3acd2414000df8e9 | War_on_Terror | Other critics, such as Francis Fukuyama, note that "terrorism" is not an enemy, but a tactic; calling it a "war on terror", obscures differences between conflicts such as anti-occupation insurgents and international mujahideen. With a military presence in Iraq and Afghanistan and its associated collateral damage Shirle... | What flaw in the 'war on terror' name did Francis Fukuyama point out? | What flaw in the 'war on terror' name did Francis Fukuyama point out? | [
"What flaw in the 'war on terror' name did Francis Fukuyama point out?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"terrorism\" is not an enemy, but a tactic"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70204 | 57297bb01d046914007794dd | Neoclassical_architecture | A second neoclassic wave, more severe, more studied and more consciously archaeological, is associated with the height of the Napoleonic Empire. In France, the first phase of neoclassicism was expressed in the "Louis XVI style", and the second in the styles called "Directoire" or Empire. The Rococo style remained popul... | When was the second wave of neoclassical architecture? | When was the second wave of neoclassical architecture? | [
"When was the second wave of neoclassical architecture?"
] | {
"text": [
"Napoleonic Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5232 | 56e17077cd28a01900c67930 | Boston | The Boston television DMA, which also includes Manchester, New Hampshire, is the 8th largest in the United States. The city is served by stations representing every major American network, including WBZ-TV and its sister station WSBK-TV (the former a CBS O&O, the latter an MyNetwork TV affiliate), WCVB-TV (ABC), WHDH (... | MundoFox is an example of what? | MundoFox is an example of what? | [
"MundoFox is an example of what?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish-language television networks"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35326 | 5ad0cd2a645df0001a2d03c6 | Gothic_architecture | It was principally the widespread introduction of a single feature, the pointed arch, which was to bring about the change that separates Gothic from Romanesque. The technological change permitted a stylistic change which broke the tradition of massive masonry and solid walls penetrated by small openings, replacing it w... | What is the name of the cathedral in Southern England that first displayed the use of the pointed arch? | What is the name of the cathedral in Southern England that first displayed the use of the pointed arch? | [
"What is the name of the cathedral in Southern England that first displayed the use of the pointed arch?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-52467 | 5a3ab0eb3ff257001ab841f7 | Planck_constant | In the last years of the nineteenth century, Planck was investigating the problem of black-body radiation first posed by Kirchhoff some forty years earlier. It is well known that hot objects glow, and that hotter objects glow brighter than cooler ones. The electromagnetic field obeys laws of motion similarly to a mass ... | What does a hot object in equilibrium reflect as much as it emits? | What does a hot object in equilibrium reflect as much as it emits? | [
"What does a hot object in equilibrium reflect as much as it emits?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-86982 | 570bdbd46b8089140040fa95 | Biodiversity | National park and nature reserve is the area selected by governments or private organizations for special protection against damage or degradation with the objective of biodiversity and landscape conservation. National parks are usually owned and managed by national or state governments. A limit is placed on the number... | Who usually owns and manages National parks? | Who usually owns and manages National parks? | [
"Who usually owns and manages National parks?"
] | {
"text": [
"national or state governments"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50050 | 5a81f95631013a001a33501b | Phonology | In 1968 Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle published The Sound Pattern of English (SPE), the basis for generative phonology. In this view, phonological representations are sequences of segments made up of distinctive features. These features were an expansion of earlier work by Roman Jakobson, Gunnar Fant, and Morris Halle.... | Besides the syllable what was downplayed as a result of SPE's influence on expansion rules? | Besides the syllable what was downplayed as a result of SPE's influence on expansion rules? | [
"Besides the syllable what was downplayed as a result of SPE's influence on expansion rules?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8222 | 57265b4bf1498d1400e8dd0d | Thuringia | Thuringia became a landgraviate in 1130 AD. After the extinction of the reigning Ludowingian line of counts and landgraves in 1247 and the War of the Thuringian Succession (1247–1264), the western half became independent under the name of "Hesse", never to become a part of Thuringia again. Most of the remaining Thuring... | Which years were the War of the Thuringian Succession fought? | Which years were the War of the Thuringian Succession fought? | [
"Which years were the War of the Thuringian Succession fought?"
] | {
"text": [
"1247–1264"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-86909 | 570bd493ec8fbc190045bb49 | Biodiversity | Agricultural diversity can also be divided by whether it is ‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity. This is a functional classification that we impose and not an intrinsic feature of life or diversity. Planned diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised (e.g.: crops, covers, sym... | What type of diversity includes herbivores and pathogens? | What type of diversity includes herbivores and pathogens? | [
"What type of diversity includes herbivores and pathogens?"
] | {
"text": [
"associated diversity"
],
"answer_start": [
390
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-71637 | 56f8ebe29e9bad19000a06fc | Near_East | For example, The London Review of 1861 (Telford and Barber, unsigned) in reviewing several works by Rawlinson, Layard and others, defined themselves as making: | When was the London Review? | When was the London Review? | [
"When was the London Review?"
] | {
"text": [
"1861"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-12365 | 5a65cfcfc2b11c001a425d59 | Antibiotics | Antibacterial antibiotics are commonly classified based on their mechanism of action, chemical structure, or spectrum of activity. Most target bacterial functions or growth processes. Those that target the bacterial cell wall (penicillins and cephalosporins) or the cell membrane (polymyxins), or interfere with essentia... | What is another word for interfere? | What is another word for interfere? | [
"What is another word for interfere?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-57765 | 572ed0afc246551400ce46e2 | Quran | Before printing was widely adopted in the 19th century, the Quran was transmitted in manuscripts made by calligraphers and copyists. The earliest manuscripts were written in Ḥijāzī-type script. The Hijazi style manuscripts nevertheless confirm that transmission of the Quran in writing began at an early stage. Probably ... | Which was the most widely used script by copyists in the 11th century? | Which was the most widely used script by copyists in the 11th century? | [
"Which was the most widely used script by copyists in the 11th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"naskh"
],
"answer_start": [
827
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22619 | 5a1247736614be00188f24c2 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rathe... | Who calls annual All-Star matches Friendly's? | Who calls annual All-Star matches Friendly's? | [
"Who calls annual All-Star matches Friendly's?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-86856 | 5a8ca117fd22b3001a8d8c2a | Biodiversity | Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been do... | What is the estimated weight of the total amount of species on Earth? | What is the estimated weight of the total amount of species on Earth? | [
"What is the estimated weight of the total amount of species on Earth?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8631 | 56e099747aa994140058e61b | Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic | The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR. It was, by 1961, the third largest producer of petroleum due to new discoveries in the Volga-Urals region and Siberia, trailing only the United States and Saudi Arabia. In 1974, there were 475 i... | In how many languages were students in institutions of higher education being educated in 1974? | In how many languages were students in institutions of higher education being educated in 1974? | [
"In how many languages were students in institutions of higher education being educated in 1974?"
] | {
"text": [
"47"
],
"answer_start": [
389
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87204 | 570b1cf5ec8fbc190045b833 | Videoconferencing | The core technology used in a videoconferencing system is digital compression of audio and video streams in real time. The hardware or software that performs compression is called a codec (coder/decoder). Compression rates of up to 1:500 can be achieved. The resulting digital stream of 1s and 0s is subdivided into labe... | What does POTS stand for? | What does POTS stand for? | [
"What does POTS stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Plain Old Telephone System"
],
"answer_start": [
504
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-42756 | 570d2a29b3d812140066d4cb | Franco-Prussian_War | The German states proclaimed their union as the German Empire under the Prussian king, Wilhelm I, uniting Germany as a nation-state. The Treaty of Frankfurt of 10 May 1871 gave Germany most of Alsace and some parts of Lorraine, which became the Imperial territory of Alsace-Lorraine (Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen).The Ger... | Which specific fear was a factor in causing World War I? | Which specific fear was a factor in causing World War I? | [
"Which specific fear was a factor in causing World War I?"
] | {
"text": [
"another Franco-German war"
],
"answer_start": [
615
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83783 | 5acd99d907355d001abf47e0 | Florida | From 1952 to 1964, most voters were registered Democrats, but the state voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every election except for 1964. The following year, Congress passed and President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, providing for oversight of state practices and enforcement ... | What were voter demographics in the 1940s? | What were voter demographics in the 1940s? | [
"What were voter demographics in the 1940s? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102654 | 5a79dbb517ab25001a8a00fe | Association_football | In game play, players attempt to create goal-scoring opportunities through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling, passing the ball to a team-mate, and by taking shots at the goal, which is guarded by the opposing goalkeeper. Opposing players may try to regain control of the ball by intercepting a pass or... | Who is not allowed to guard the goal? | Who is not allowed to guard the goal? | [
"Who is not allowed to guard the goal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-63149 | 572b9bdef75d5e190021fe64 | Czech_language | Because Czech uses grammatical case to convey word function in a sentence (instead of relying on word order, as English does), its word order is flexible. As a pro-drop language, in Czech an intransitive sentence can consist of only a verb; information about its subject is encoded in the verb. Enclitics (primarily auxi... | Czech's word order is flexible because it uses what to convey word function in a sentence? | Czech's word order is flexible because it uses what to convey word function in a sentence? | [
"Czech's word order is flexible because it uses what to convey word function in a sentence?"
] | {
"text": [
"grammatical case"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14477 | 572f95d004bcaa1900d76aab | Han_dynasty | In the early Western Han, a wealthy salt or iron industrialist, whether a semi-autonomous king or wealthy merchant, could boast funds that rivaled the imperial treasury and amass a peasant workforce of over a thousand. This kept many peasants away from their farms and denied the government a significant portion of its ... | In which year did Emperor Wu monopolize several industries? | In which year did Emperor Wu monopolize several industries? | [
"In which year did Emperor Wu monopolize several industries?"
] | {
"text": [
"117 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
452
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-38435 | 56de99cfcffd8e1900b4ba27 | Materialism | Materialism developed, possibly independently, in several geographically separated regions of Eurasia during what Karl Jaspers termed the Axial Age (approximately 800 to 200 BC). | In what part of the world did materialism develop during the Axial Age? | In what part of the world did materialism develop during the Axial Age? | [
"In what part of the world did materialism develop during the Axial Age?"
] | {
"text": [
"Eurasia"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102638 | 5a79d98717ab25001a8a00ed | Association_football | Association football is played in accordance with a set of rules known as the Laws of the Game. The game is played using a spherical ball of 68.5–69.5 cm (27.0–27.4 in) circumference, known as the football (or soccer ball). Two teams of eleven players each compete to get the ball into the other team's goal (between the... | How many players are excluded from each team? | How many players are excluded from each team? | [
"How many players are excluded from each team?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-63603 | 5725f1dc271a42140099d356 | Buckingham_Palace | Adjacent to the palace is the Royal Mews, also designed by Nash, where the royal carriages, including the Gold State Coach, are housed. This rococo gilt coach, designed by Sir William Chambers in 1760, has painted panels by G. B. Cipriani. It was first used for the State Opening of Parliament by George III in 1762 and ... | When was the Gold State Coach first used? | When was the Gold State Coach first used? | [
"When was the Gold State Coach first used?"
] | {
"text": [
"1762"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110370 | 57262d8f89a1e219009ac4fe | Professional_wrestling | The content including match outcomes is choreographed and the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain. These facts were once kept highly secret, but they are now openly declared as the truth. By and large, the true nature of the content is ignore... | How is the end result of the match planned out? | How is the end result of the match planned out? | [
"How is the end result of the match planned out?"
] | {
"text": [
"match outcomes is choreographed"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-92665 | 57278bb15951b619008f8d08 | Alsace | The year 1789 brought the French Revolution and with it the first division of Alsace into the départements of Haut- and Bas-Rhin. Alsatians played an active role in the French Revolution. On 21 July 1789, after receiving news of the Storming of the Bastille in Paris, a crowd of people stormed the Strasbourg city hall, ... | Which song was played for the first time in Strasbourg that would later become the French national anthem? | Which song was played for the first time in Strasbourg that would later become the French national anthem? | [
"Which song was played for the first time in Strasbourg that would later become the French national anthem?"
] | {
"text": [
"La Marseillaise"
],
"answer_start": [
610
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59036 | 5727ac192ca10214002d9359 | A_cappella | In July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with "Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced complex jazz harmonies to... | What was boycotted by American musicians in 1943? | What was boycotted by American musicians in 1943? | [
"What was boycotted by American musicians in 1943?"
] | {
"text": [
"US recording studios"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-2927 | 5acd98a507355d001abf47d0 | British_Isles | At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building Hadrian's Wall to mark the nor... | The northern third of Ireland was inhabited by Picts, while the southern two thirds by who? | The northern third of Ireland was inhabited by Picts, while the southern two thirds by who? | [
"The northern third of Ireland was inhabited by Picts, while the southern two thirds by who?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-63672 | 5725f7a389a1e219009ac116 | Buckingham_Palace | On 15 September 1940, known as the Battle of Britain Day, an RAF pilot, Ray Holmes of No. 504 Squadron RAF rammed a German bomber he believed was going to bomb the Palace. Holmes had run out of ammunition and made the quick decision to ram it. Holmes bailed out. Both aircraft crashed. In fact the Dornier Do 17 bomber w... | What type of airplane was the German craft Holmes rammed into? | What type of airplane was the German craft Holmes rammed into? | [
"What type of airplane was the German craft Holmes rammed into?"
] | {
"text": [
"Dornier Do 17 bomber"
],
"answer_start": [
298
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83079 | 56debe163277331400b4d701 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Schwarzenegger's early victories included repealing an unpopular increase in the vehicle registration fee as well as preventing driver's licenses being given out to illegal immigrants, but later he began to feel the backlash when powerful state unions began to oppose his various initiatives. Key among his reckoning wit... | In what month of 2005 did Schwarzenegger hold a special election? | In what month of 2005 did Schwarzenegger hold a special election? | [
"In what month of 2005 did Schwarzenegger hold a special election?"
] | {
"text": [
"November"
],
"answer_start": [
378
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83144 | 56ded5bbc65bf219000b3d66 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | On April 26, 1986, Schwarzenegger married television journalist Maria Shriver, niece of President John F. Kennedy, in Hyannis, Massachusetts. The Rev. John Baptist Riordan performed the ceremony at St. Francis Xavier Catholic Church. They have four children: Katherine Eunice Schwarzenegger (born December 13, 1989 in Lo... | How many children did Schwarzenegger and Shriver have together? | How many children did Schwarzenegger and Shriver have together? | [
"How many children did Schwarzenegger and Shriver have together?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-74962 | 572e9584dfa6aa1500f8d195 | Elevator | Historically, AC motors were used for single or double speed elevator machines on the grounds of cost and lower usage applications where car speed and passenger comfort were less of an issue, but for higher speed, larger capacity elevators, the need for infinitely variable speed control over the traction machine become... | Throughout history, what type of engines were used for elevator machines? | Throughout history, what type of engines were used for elevator machines? | [
"Throughout history, what type of engines were used for elevator machines?"
] | {
"text": [
"AC motors"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-64818 | 57342503d058e614000b69f6 | Portugal | Similar to the other Eur-A countries, most Portuguese die from noncommunicable diseases. Mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is higher than in the eurozone, but its two main components, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, display inverse trends compared with the Eur-A, with cerebrovascular dis... | What is the biggest killer in Portugal? | What is the biggest killer in Portugal? | [
"What is the biggest killer in Portugal?"
] | {
"text": [
"cerebrovascular disease"
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-37461 | 5727c4f12ca10214002d95dd | London | From 1898, it was commonly accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos; this explanation has since been rejected. Richard Coates put forward an explanation in 1998 that it is derived from the pre-Celtic Old European *(p)lowonida, meaning 'river too wide to ford', and ... | What is the meaning of the later-believed pre-Celtic Old European origin of London's name? | What is the meaning of the later-believed pre-Celtic Old European origin of London's name? | [
"What is the meaning of the later-believed pre-Celtic Old European origin of London's name?"
] | {
"text": [
"'river too wide to ford"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-63893 | 5728052d4b864d190016424b | USB | IN and OUT tokens contain a seven-bit device number and four-bit function number (for multifunction devices) and command the device to transmit DATAx packets, or receive the following DATAx packets, respectively. An IN token expects a response from a device. The response may be a NAK or STALL response, or a DATAx frame... | An IN token expects what? | An IN token expects what? | [
"An IN token expects what?"
] | {
"text": [
"a response from a device"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.