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pimpinella anisum l. , a plant belonging to the umbelliferae family , is one of the oldest medicinal plants .
it is an annual grassy herb with 3050 cm high , white flowers , and small green to yellow seeds , which grows in the eastern mediterranean region , west asia , the middle east , mexico , egypt , and spain . ... | pimpinella anisum ( anise ) , belonging to umbelliferae family , is an aromatic plant which has been used in iranian traditional medicine ( especially its fruits ) as carminative , aromatic , disinfectant , and galactagogue . because the wide traditional usage of pimpinella anisum for treatment of diseases , in this re... |
the ability of temporal resolution is fundamental for comprehension of human speech and is a prerequisite for linguistic abilities.1
2 this ability acts in the auditory perception of verbal and nonverbal sounds ; in the perception of music , rhythms , and periodicity ; and in the discrimination of steps , duration , ... | introduction the gaps - in - noise ( gin ) test assesses the hearing ability of temporal resolution .
the development of this ability can be considered essential for learning how to read .
objective identify temporal resolution in individuals diagnosed with reading and writing disorders compared with subjects wit... |
the study of the impact of ionizing radiation ( ir ) on biological objects began almost with the discovery of radiation . immediately , besides its beneficial use , its destructive effects on living organisms , including human , were discovered and documented .
application of ir in various fields of human activity is... | dynamic changes of the chromosomal aberrations and the dna damage were analyzed in individuals exposed to low and therapeutic doses of radiation .
the investigation included 37 persons living in areas where the radioactive sources were discovered 1012 years ago .
it was established by biodosimetry methods that the ... |
the specific treatment of cyanide ( cn ) intoxication means the use of scavengers ( e.g. , methemoglobin former sodium nitrite ( sn ) or cobalt compounds or cyanohydrin formers , hydroxocabalamin ( cyanokit has been approved in the us ) , cobinamide , and/or the conversion of cn to the less toxic thiocyanate ( scn ) wi... | present studies have focused on a novel cyanide antidotal system , on the coencapsulation of a new sulfur donor dto with rhodanese within sterically stabilized liposomes .
the optimal lipid composition for coencapsulation of dto with rhodanese is the combination of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl - sn - glycero-3-phosphocholine... |
the auditory portion includes the cochlea , which is involved in hearing , and the vestibular system which is involved in balance .
our ability to hear and our sense of balance are critically dependent on specialized sensory receptors called hair cells , these cells have structures called stereocilia , which sense so... | background and objectivesthe utilization of the stem cells is widely used in the last few years in different fields of medicine , either by external transplantation or endogenous mobilization , most of these studies still experimental on animals ; few were tried on human as in the spinal cord injury or myocardial infar... |
diastolic ( dys)function is of major clinical importance and is characterized by both elastic [ 14 ] and viscous properties [ 57 ] .
the giant elastic protein titin ( also known as connectin [ 8 , 9 ] ) is well known to be related to the elasticity of cardiac muscle impacting the end diastolic pressure volume relatio... | titin exhibits an interaction between its pevk segment and the actin filament resulting in viscosity , a speed dependent resistive force , which significantly influences diastolic filling in mice .
while diastolic disease is clinically pervasive , humans express a more compliant titin ( n2ba : n2b ratio ~0.51.0 ) tha... |
external or endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy ( dcr ) is the standard treatment for nasolacrimal duct obstruction ( nldo ) , with or without a previous history of dacryocystitis .
the external approach is made through a skin incision near the lacrimal sac and the endoscopic approach is made through the nasal cavity wi... | objective . to compare pre- and postoperative characteristics and surgical success rates of patients with and without previous episodes of dacryocystitis , who underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy ( dcr ) for nasolacrimal duct obstruction ( nldo )
. methods .
the medical files of all patients who underwent exte... |
while substantial research has demonstrated the potential for preventing the adverse outcomes of type 2 diabetes , the increase in the number of people with diabetes ( pwd ) has outpaced the response of health systems [ 2 , 3 ] .
this incongruity is particularly marked in low and middle income countries ( lmic ) wher... | background .
type 2 diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death in guyana , south america . a complex , interprofessional ,
quality improvement intervention to improve foot and diabetes care was rolled out in two phases .
methods & findings .
phase 1 : establishment of an interprofessional diabetic foot cente... |
in general , the reaction of nucleophilic alkyl or aryl metal compounds with c = n groups yields the corresponding calkylated or arylated products.1 nevertheless , a number of cases are known in which this normal regioselectivity is suppressed in favor of an azaphilic addition ( umpolung).2 , 3 an early example of ... | abstractconsecutive c and narylation of nheterocyclic nitriles is mediated by titanium(iv ) alkoxides .
the carbo and azaphilic arylation step may be separated by choosing the order in which the two equivalents of aryl transfer reagent are added . in the course of this transformation , the ancillary nheterocycle acts... |
these patients usually have a short life span because of pulmonary embolism , heart failure , or cancer progression . and
therefore , early detection of intracavitary tumor thrombus and effective surgical resection are important factors of survival prolongation .
herein we report an echocardiographic detection of t... | hepatoma has a tendency to spread into the venous system , but intracavitary cardiac extension or metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma is an uncommon form of cardiac malignancy.when the carcinoma grows from the hepatic vein into the right atrium , the right atrial tumor thrombis may hinder the blood flow .
therefor... |
ever since the first reference of an organism that could be considered a motile aeromonad in 1891 the taxonomy of the genus aeromonas , initiated in 1943 , is complex and continuously changing .
although historically the genus aeromonas was included in the family vibrionaceae , together with the genera vibrio , photo... | the members of the aeromonas genus are ubiquitous , water - borne bacteria .
they have been isolated from marine waters , rivers , lakes , swamps , sediments , chlorine water , water distribution systems , drinking water and residual waters ; different types of food , such as meat , fish , seafood , vegetables , and ... |
thirty - nine patients with plaque - type psoriasis ( 17 men , age : 47 10 years ) were recruited for the study at the department of dermatology , venereology , and allergology , wroclaw medical university , poland .
exclusion criteria included : ( i ) any acute or chronic illness that might influence iron metabo... | backgroundiron deficiency ( i d ) frequently complicates inflammatory - mediated chronic disorders , irrespective of anaemia .
psoriasis is a chronic , immune - mediated skin disease with systemic pro - inflammatory activation ; thus , these patients may be prone to develop i d .
i d adversely affects immune cells ... |
the author has not received any funding or benefits from industry or elsewhere to conduct this study . | this article describes a novel approach to giving dietary advice , which is called dietary advice on prescription ( dap ; matordning p recept [ mor ] in swedish ) .
it is the same principle as prescription on medicine and physical activity on prescription ( pap ; fysisk aktivitet p recept [ far ] in swedish ) .
... |
sprains and ruptures of the ligaments supporting the ankle and knee joints as well as muscle strains occur quite often . in some cases , joint injuries are sustained through contact with another player .
a classic example occurs when one player collides with another , applying excessive force to the lateral side of t... | the goal of this investigation was to determine if playing or training on third - generation artificial turf ( at ) surfaces increases the incidence rate of injuries compared to natural grass ( ng ) surfaces .
this was accomplished by a meta - analysis performed on previously published research .
eight studies met ... |
self - organized tio2 nanotube
layers have attracted remarkable
attention within the past 15 years due their unique architecture ,
high surface area , semiconductive properties , and biocompatibility .
in addition , they are produced by a low - cost electrochemical anodization
of ti substrates in suitable ele... | we report on a very
significant enhancement of the thermal , chemical ,
and mechanical stability of self - organized tio2 nanotubes
layers , provided by thin al2o3 coatings of different
thicknesses prepared by atomic layer deposition ( ald ) .
tio2 nanotube layers coated with al2o3 coatings
exhibit signific... |
metaplastic ossification within atypical lipomatous tumor / well - differentiated liposarcoma ( alt / wdlps ) is a rare occurrence , and when present is often associated with a dedifferentiated component .
we report the radiologic and pathologic features of a rare case of alt / wdlps with extensive metaplastic ossifi... | abstractthe presence of metaplastic ossification within atypical lipomatous tumor / well - differentiated liposarcoma ( alt / wdlps ) is a rare occurrence .
when present , bone formation is most often found in association with a dedifferentiated component arising within the primary tumor .
it is important for the r... |
the number of women with newly diagnosed cervical cancer increases and the percentage of women with cervical cancer in all gynaecological cancers also increases annually in china1 .
radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the standard surgical treatment for patients with stage ia2-ib1 cervical cancer .
... | background : radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the standard surgical treatment for patients with stage ia2-ib1 cervical cancer , but the wide excision increases the complications.objective : to analyze the feasibility of narrowing resection of parametrial tissues in stage ia2-ib1 cervical cancer.study... |
the study was approved by the institutional review board . written informed consent was signed by all study participants .
thirty central - southern italian patients with relapsing - remitting ms ( rrms ) were enrolled ( table ) by referral from the ms center , neurology unit , policlinico tor vergata , rome .
clin... | objectives : therapeutic effects of physical therapy in neurologic disorders mostly rely on the promotion of use - dependent synaptic plasticity in damaged neuronal circuits . genetic differences affecting the efficiency of synaptic plasticity mechanisms could explain why some patients do not respond adequately to the ... |
the identification of replication origins will be helpful to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of the initiation step in dna replication ( 1,2 ) and discover new broad - spectrum antibacterial drugs ( 3 ) . based on the z - curve theory ( 4 ) ,
we have developed a web - based system ori - finder for finding orics in b... | replication of chromosomes is one of the central events in the cell cycle .
chromosome replication begins at specific sites , called origins of replication ( orics ) , for all three domains of life .
however , the origins of replication still remain unknown in a considerably large number of bacterial and archaeal g... |
a method is described for isolating clara cells from the mouse lung that does not require the technique of elutriation .
mouse lungs totally perfused of blood are instilled with crystalline trypsin ( 0.25% ) and incubated for the optimum time of 15 min .
the lung tissue is chopped , mechanically agitated , and sequ... | |
a 72-year - old woman presented for further examination of a right breast lump . according to the patient , the lump had been present for at least 10 years .
she complained of discomfort of recent onset in the right breast . on physical examination , a soft , mobile , 10 cm mass , which occupied nearly the entire rig... | mammary hamartomas are typically a benign condition and rarely develop into malignant lesions .
only 14 cases of carcinomas associated with a hamartoma have been documented in the literature . in this case report
, we describe a case of invasive ductal carcinoma within a hamartoma in a 72-year - old woman .
mammo... |
traditionally , urinary catheter has been used in gynecological surgical practice to assess urinary output , to improve surgical exposure , reduce the possibility of injury to the urinary system and to prevent postoperative urinary retention .
however , catheterization is mainly required to keep the bladder out of th... | objective : indwelling transurethral catheter is frequently used after gynecological surgeries in order to prevent urinary retention .
there is controversy about the ideal time to remove the catheter after surgery .
this randomized controlled study was undertaken to determine whether the immediate removal of urinar... |
during nine months till the middle of december in 2014 , more than 19,000 people were infected by ebola virus ( fig . 1 ) and lots of the patients around 40% were dead by the ebola virus disease ( evd ) .
the outbreak through the year seems to keep increasing the number of cases and deaths unless efficient drugs or v... | since the first case of ebola virus disease ( evd ) in guinea was reported in march 2014 by world health organization ( who ) , the outbreak has continued through the year and the total number of 19,065 patients was reported as the confirmed or suspected in the evd - affected countries . among the cases , 7,388 patient... |
we previously studied generalization of odorants in the carpenter ant camponotus aethiops . by using an associative learning protocol known as the maxilla - labium extension response ( maler ) , we conditioned individual ants by training them to for example substance a , and afterwards tested their response to a mixtur... | animals constantly face the challenge of extracting important information out of their environment , and for many animals much of this information is chemical in nature .
the ability to discriminate and generalize between chemical stimuli is extremely important and is commonly thought to depend mostly on the structur... |
influenza data in africa is scarce , and only 18 countries among the 46 in the whoafro region are able to perform laboratory diagnosis of influenza as previously reported .
,
in april 2009 , a sentinel network for influenza surveillance was set up in niamey , the capital city of niger .
niger was one of the last... | please cite this paper as : jusot jfranois et al .
( 2011 ) influenza transmission during a oneyear period ( 20092010 ) in a sahelian city : low temperature plays a major role .
influenza and other respiratory viruses doi : 10.1111/j.17502659.2011.00286.x.this work aimed at studying the link between some climatic ... |
in a one - shot prisoner 's dilemma ( pd ) game , the two players have to choose between c and d ( to cooperate resp . to defect ) .
following the notation in rapoport and chammah ( 1965 ) , the payoff matrix is given by(1 ) in which the four payoff variables represent the reward for mutual cooperation r , the sucker... | within the class of memory - one strategies for the iterated prisoner 's dilemma , we characterize partner strategies , competitive strategies and zero - determinant strategies .
if a player uses a partner strategy , both players can fairly share the social optimum ; but a co - player preferring an unfair solution wi... |
hypothyroidism is among the common endocrine diseases accounting for 2 - 15% of diseases in the general population . in india
hypothyroidism in general is a prominent hypometabolic state and sympathetic activities are anticipated to be less in this condition as sympathetic activation is a common manifestation of hype... | background : cardiovascular morbidities have been reported in hypothyroidism.aims:the objective of this study is to investigate the link of sympathovagal imbalance ( svi ) to cardiovascular risks ( cvrs ) and the plausible mechanisms of cvr in hypothyroidism.materials and methods : age - matched 104 females ( 50 contro... |
coronary artery embolism is an established cause of acute coronary syndrome , but paradoxical coronary artery embolism causing myocardial infarction is rare and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for diagnosis .
recognition of this condition is important as these patients are at risk of future fatal embolic... | paradoxical coronary artery embolism is a rare , but often an underdiagnosed cause of acute myocardial infarction .
it should be considered in patient who presents with chest pain and otherwise having a low risk profile for atherosclerosis coronary artery disease .
we describe a case of paradoxical coronary artery ... |
, governments , charities , and private companies have made large investments in this sector ( 1 ) .
studies in this area should be performed with high precision and confidence levels for both cost - benefit and cost - effectiveness purposes .
quantitative evaluation of scientific findings from research activities ... | introductionit is essential to evaluate the impact of scientific publications through citation analysis in citation indexes . in addition
, scientometric measures of social media also should be assessed .
these measures include how many times the publications were read , viewed , and downloaded .
the present stud... |
arginine vasopressin ( avp ) is an antidiuretic hormone which is synthesized in the magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic ( son ) and paraventricular nuclei ( pvn ) in the hypothalamus .
avp is transported to the posterior pituitary through the axons , released into the systemic circulation , and plays a pivotal ro... | abstractcentral diabetes insipidus ( cdi ) , characterized by polyuria and polydipsia , is caused by deficiency of arginine vasopressin ( avp ) , an antidiuretic hormone which acts on v2 receptors in kidney to promote reabsorption of free water .
cdi is classified into three subtypes ; idiopathic , secondary and fami... |
loss of anterior teeth is a common form of injury , particularly in children and adolescents . on the other hand ,
elderly people , who are retaining their teeth for longer period of time , have often advanced caries or periodontal diseases which may lead to extraction of teeth .
patients with lost anterior teeth r... | missing anterior teeth is of serious concern in the social life of a patient in most of societies .
while conventional fixed partial dentures and implant - supported restorations may often be the treatment of choice , fiber - reinforced composite ( frc ) resins offer a conservative , fast , and cost - effective alter... |
vector - borne hemoparasites , including the apicomplexan protozoa babesia sp . and plasmodium sp .
, trypanosomes and filarial nematodes , are important pathogens in humans and domestic animals , causing babesiosis , malaria , sleeping sickness , lymphatic filariasis and canine heartworm disease .
endemic as well ... | hemoparasites can cause serious morbidity in humans and animals and often involve wildlife reservoirs .
understanding patterns of hemoparasite infections in natural populations can therefore inform about emerging disease risks , especially in the light of climate change and human disruption of natural ecosystems .
... |
biliary complications are frequent after orthotopic liver transplantation ( olt ) , affecting 5 to 15% of patients after deceased olt and 28 to 32% after right - lobe living donor olt [ 14 ] .
post - olt bile leaks are reported in 10 to 15% of patients and are usually an early complication and represent a high morbid... | objectives . endoscopic management of bile leak after orthotopic liver transplant ( olt ) is widely accepted .
preliminary studies demonstrated encouraging results for covered self - expandable metal stents ( csems ) in complex bile leaks .
methods .
thirty - one patients with post - olt bile leaks underwent endo... |
immune responses against pathogens determine the course of
infection as well as the pathogenesis of diseases caused by the
pathogens . during the responses , immune cells , such as dendritic
cells , macrophages , and t and b lymphocytes ,
for
instance , during infections with some protozoa , such as
leishma... | cytokine - mediated immunity is crucial in the defense against pathogens .
recently , il-23 and il-27 were identified , which along with il-12 belong to
the il-12 cytokine family .
il-27 is pivotal for the induction of helper t
cell ( th ) 1 responses while il-23 is important for the proliferation of
memory t... |
the
structural mechanism by which hsp70-type chaperones interact
with hsp40-type co - chaperones has been of great interest , yet still
remains a matter of debate . here , we used solution nmr spectroscopy
to investigate the atp-/adp - dependent interactions between escherichia coli hsca and hscb , the speciali... | |
limbic signs dominate the clinical picture in the former whereas a paralysis of lower motor neuron type dominates the latter .
the diagnosis of rabies is not difficult if it presents with classical symptoms of excitations or phobias .
however , it poses a diagnostic challenge when presented as acute flaccid paralys... | only few reports of failure of intradermal postexposure prophylaxis for rabies following cat scratch exist in the published literature .
we are reporting such a case in a 15-year - old girl .
the child had category iii cat scratch on her face .
she presented with progressive paralysis , finally developing quadrip... |
her medical history included maffucci syndrome with multiple enchondromas of several phalanges and metatarsal bones of the left hand ( fig.1a , b ) , combined with hemangiomas of soft tissue in the right foot ( fig.1c ) .
she had skeletal deformities caused by enchondromas of the phalanges of the left fingers , parti... | we report on a 24-year - old woman who was diagnosed as having maffucci syndrome with anaplastic astrocytoma .
we analyzed the idh1 and idh2 mutations of enchondroma , hemangioma and anaplastic astrocytoma tissues and the same somatic mosaic mutation in idh2 gene was identified in all these tissues . in addition , we... |
singlet exciton fission
is the quantum mechanical process by which
a singlet exciton splits into two distinct spin triplet excitons .
the triplets are initially coupled into an overall singlet state ,
conserving spin and allowing for extremely fast and highly efficient
triplet formation .
this phenomenon ha... | singlet exciton fission allows the
fast and efficient generation
of two spin triplet states from one photoexcited singlet .
it has the
potential to improve organic photovoltaics , enabling efficient coupling
to the blue to ultraviolet region of the solar spectrum to capture
the energy generally lost as wast... |
all multiple pregnancies are at an increased risk of antepartum complications , relative to singletons . in monochorionic ( mc )
multiples , the perinatal morbidity and mortality risk is significantly higher than dichorionic ( dc ) twins , which are the commonest type of twins.13 approximately one in 80 births in aus... | backgroundrelatively little is known about the neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes of monochorionic diamniotic ( mcda ) twin pregnancies where there are no antenatal complications peculiar to monochorionicity or prematurity.methodstwenty-two mcda twins ( 44 children ) with an average age of 4.3 years , and with ... |
a 72-year - old female patient with corneal edema due to fuchs corneal dystrophy , after 2 years , uneventful phacoemulsification surgery with intraocular lens implantation was scheduled for dsaek .
the following eye had visual acuity of 20/25 ( correction + 1,0 dsph ) and underwent descemet 's stripping endothelial ... | optical coherence tomography has already been proven to be useful for pre- and post - surgical anterior eye segment assessment , especially in lamellar keratoplasty procedures .
there is no evidence for intraoperative usefulness of optical coherence tomography ( oct ) .
we present a case report of the intraoperativ... |
the last several years have seen substantial theoretical developments related to the hypothesized behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine ( da ) .
it has become evident to many investigators that there are conceptual limitations and empirical problems with the traditional da hypothesis of reward ( baldo ... | there are numerous problems with the hypothesis that brain dopamine ( da ) systems , particularly in the nucleus accumbens , directly mediate the rewarding or primary motivational characteristics of natural stimuli such as food .
research and theory related to the functions of mesolimbic da are undergoing a substanti... |
the laparoscopic extirpation of normal - sized spleens has become more common in the last few years .
since the first attempts less than a decade ago , several reports have described the challenges associated with this type of surgery .
contraindications to a laparoscopic approach include severe portal hypertension... | background : laparoscopic splenectomy of normal - sized spleens or in moderate splenomegaly is performed with increasing frequency . by using a modification of the open laparotomy ,
minimal - access splenectomy is an attractive alternative in severe splenomegaly.methods:between september 2002 and october 2003 , 9 pat... |
segregation distortion is a phenomenon that the genotypic frequency array of a locus does not follow a typical mendelian ratio .
depending on the population under investigation , mendelian ratio of a locus varies from 1 : 1 for a backcross to 1 : 2 : 1 for an f2 and to 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 for a four - way cross .
, the e... | quantitative trait locus ( qtl ) mapping is usually performed using markers that follow a mendelian segregation ratio .
we developed a new method of qtl mapping that can use markers with segregation distortion ( non - mendelian markers ) .
an em ( expectation - maximization ) algorithm is used to estimate qtl and s... |
recent national surveys have indicated that staff providing care for people with intellectual disabilities faces a high risk of exposure to violence at work .
violence and threats are common and 50% of all staff report being exposed to one or more episodes during the last year .
the complex and demanding management... | staff in forensic services for people with intellectual disabilities ( i d ) are expected to deal with a wide range of emotional challenges when providing care .
the potential impact of this demanding work has not been systematically explored previously .
this article explores the professional quality of life ( qol... |
with the help of yellow pages of puducherry and indian dental association , puducherry branch approximately 150 general dentist were found to be practicing in puducherry , and sample size was calculated with sample size calculator software by keeping confidence level as 95 and confidence interval as 5 . with the help o... | background : this study aims to evaluate the knowledge , attitude , practice behaviors among general dental practitioners and assess the perception toward oral health by pregnant patients in and around puducherry.methodology:a self - designed and structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the dental p... |
osteoporosis is among the ten most important and prevalent chronic diseases [ 1 , 2 ] affecting approximately 200 million people worldwide .
osteoporosis is characterized by a progressive decrease in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration , resulting in increased bone fragility and ultimately an increased ris... | although denosumab ( prolia ) has been shown to be a safe and efficacious therapy for osteoporotic patients in numerous clinical trials , few studies have determined its effectiveness in real world clinical practice .
a retrospective review of patients prescribed prolia assessing the impact that noncompliance from th... |
archived dna from all samples received for typing during january 2007december 2008 that showed c. hominis cowp pcr - rflp rsai profiles were retested by single - round small subunit ( ssu ) rrna pcr - rflp using sspi , which generates a pattern unique to c. cuniculus ( 4 ) .
an exception occurred during the outbreak ... | to investigate sporadic human cryptosporidiosis trends in the united kingdom , we tested 3,030 cryptosporidium spp.positive fecal samples , submitted for routine typing in 20072008 , for c. cuniculus . c. cuniculus prevalence was 1.2% ; cases were mostly indigenous and occurred across all age groups .
most occurred d... |
a lip switch flap is an axial - pattern flap using the inferior labial artery as a feeding blood vessel .
its morphology is appropriate to improve the upper lip morphology in the presence of severe cleft lip and nose deformity .
it is capable of simultaneously reconstructing the philtrum and extending the bridge of... | abstractin a 21-year - old male with bilateral cleft lip who developed marked venous congestion of a lip switch flap , we returned the grafted flap to the donor site to improve blood circulation of the flap and then re - transplanted it , which prevented flap necrosis . here ,
we report the procedure and case . |
fine needle aspiration cytology ( fnac ) is the first - line diagnostic test for evaluating thyroid nodules .
it is a simple , rapid , and cost - effective test that can effectively distinguish between neoplastic and non - neoplastic lesions of the thyroid .
fnac can effectively triage patients with neoplastic thyr... | background : the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology represents a major step towards standardization , reproducibility , improved clinical significance , and greater predictive value of thyroid fine needle aspirates ( fnas).aims : to elucidate the utility of the bethesda system in reporting thyroid fnas... |
in canada and many other developed countries , over 50% of deaths each year take place in hospital . among healthcare professionals ,
nurses are the most responsible for furthering the possibility of good deaths in hospital .
hospital nurses are not only directly accountable for providing hands - on care and for ... | a descriptive - comparative study was undertaken to examine current end - of - life care needs and practices in hospital .
a chart review for all 1,018 persons who died from august 1 , 2008 through july 31 , 2009 in two full - service canadian hospitals was conducted .
most decedents were elderly ( 73.8% ) and urba... |
the long - range atmospheric transport of
particulate matter ( pm)-bound
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( pahs ) and nitro - pahs ( npahs ) to
remote sites , including mountains in france , norway , sweden , czech republic , and the canadian arctic , as well as trans - pacific transport to the olympic
peninsu... | the
heterogeneous reactions of ambient particulate matter ( pm)-bound
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( pahs ) and nitro - pahs ( npahs ) with
no3/n2o5 , oh radicals , and o3 were studied in a laboratory photochemical chamber .
ambient
pm2.5 and pm10 samples were collected from beijing ,
china , and rivers... |
eosinophils are potent effector cells implicated in allergic responses and helminth infections and have cytotoxic granules containing major basic protein ( mbp ) , eosinophil cationic protein ( ecp ) , eosinophil peroxidase ( epo ) , and eosinophil - derived neurotoxin ( edn ) ( 1 ) . responding to stimuli such as an a... | eosinophils are potent effector cells implicated in allergic responses and helminth infections . responding to stimuli , they release their granule - derived cytotoxic proteins and are involved in inflammatory processes .
however , under homeostatic conditions , eosinophils are abundantly present in the intestine and... |
several species of spotted fever group ( sfg ) rickettsiae have been isolated from ticks in the united states ; however , the only species considered to cause human disease in maryland is rickettsia rickettsii , the causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever ( rmsf ) .
the potential pathogenicity of rickettsial ... | three - hundred ninety - two adult dermacentor variabilis were collected from six maryland counties during the spring , summer , and fall of 2002 .
infection prevalence for spotted fever group rickettsia was 3.8% , as determined by polymerase chain reaction .
single strand conformational polymorphism ( sscp ) analy... |
according to the world health organization , there are over 500 million obese individuals worldwide .
bariatric surgery has been shown to be an effective treatment strategy to produce marked weight loss in patients with moderate to severe obesity ( bmi > 35 kg / m ) .
specifically , vertical banded gastroplasty ( ... | background . weight regain secondary to vbg pouch dilation is a typical referral for bariatric surgeons . in this study
we compare an endoluminal pouch reduction ( stomaphyx ) to rygb for revision . methods .
a retrospective review was completed for patients with a previous vbg presenting with weight regain between... |
thin is a longitudinal primary care medical records database of over 9 million patients in total , which currently covers around 6% of u.k .
thin database contains individual patient information recorded by pcps as part of their routine clinical care such as demographic factors , pcp consultations , referrals , hospi... | objectiveto describe the validity of recorded diabetic retinopathy ( dr ) and diabetic maculopathy ( dmp ) diagnoses , including edema ( dmo ) in the health improvement network ( thin ) database.research design and methodsin two independent computer searches , we detected 20,838 patients with diabetes aged 184 years wi... |
however , the possibility of using a folk theory for predicting others should be taken more seriously in social psychology .
folk psychology consists of an array of lay theories or platitudes about how the mind works , which are believed more or less uncritically .
mundane examples for widely held lay theories are ... | in a commentary to our article on the role of theory and simulation in social predictions , krueger ( 2012 ) argues that the role of theory is neglected in social psychology for a good reason .
he considers evidence indicating that people readily generalize from themselves to others . in response
, we stress the ro... |
telemedicine is defined by the world health organization as , the delivery of health care services , where distance is a critical factor , by all health care professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis , treatment and prevention of disease and inju... | objectivesevaluate whether telemedicine can be used to perform dysmorphology and neurologic examinations in the neonatal intensive care unit ( nicu ) by determining the examination accuracy , limitations , and optimized procedures.study designprospective evaluation of nicu patients referred for subspecialty consultatio... |
mucormycosis , an infection caused by fungi of the order mucorales , typically presents as an aggressive angio - invasive disease in immunosuppressed hosts .
patients with hematological malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants are at highest risk for pulmonary mucormycosis with reported mort... | mucormycosis carries a high mortality rate with few therapeutic options available .
we describe a man with pulmonary / splenic mucormycosis complicating hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome on a background of chronic kidney disease , who achieved a complete response with salvage isavuconazole therapy following intole... |
teratomas are tumors that typically , but not always contain all three germ cell layers ectoderm , mesoderm , and endoderm .
teratomas are classified as mature , immature , and malignant based on the degree of differentiation .
these lesions can occur throughout the spinal canal , but there is a thoracic and lumbar... | teratoma is a tumor that derivatives from all three primitive germ layers and spinal intramedullary teratomas are very rare lesions .
the primary treatment modality for these tumors is surgical resection , and total resection should be the aim .
however , subtotal resection is a valid alternative to prevent traumat... |
zirconia has higher flexural strength than the existing ceramic and is widely used in fixed partial dentures.1,2 it is recommended that prepared tooth with compromised taper be bonded with resin cement to improve the chances of crown retention.3 however , as zirconia does not contain silica and has resistance against a... | purposethe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano - structured alumina surface coating on shear bond strength between y - tzp ceramic and various dual - cured resin cements.materials and methodsa total of 90 disk - shaped zirconia specimens ( hass co. , gangneung , korea ) were divided into three grou... |
it is a controversial and difficult problem for surgeons to manage a simultaneously occurring intraabdominal pathologies and abdominal aortic aneurysm .
it is not apparent that which pathology should be treated first or they both shold be treated at the same time .
it is a controversial and difficult problem for a ... | introductionit is a controversial and difficult problem for a surgeon to manage the simultaneously occurring diseases divirticular abscess and abdominal aortic aneurysm .
mostly surgeons are not willing to execute a non vascular procedures during the repair of an aneurysm because there can be a risk of graft infectio... |
creating the ear framework for total auricular reconstruction is technically challenging procedure . for novice surgeons
so , a new technique is introduced to practice creating ear framework with silicon impression material . by this
to start with we will require following materials and armamentarium :
impression... | this article presents the novel method of training of creating cartilage framework for total ear reconstruction in microtia .
replica of costal cartilage harvested for real surgery was simulated by silicon dental impression material .
carving of framework was done with wood carving instruments .
silicon dental im... |
recently , there has been a hot debate over whether current salt intake is too high from a health perspective .
it is estimated that globally 62% of cerebrovascular disease and 49% of ischaemic heart disease were attributable to elevated blood pressure . a technical report produced by who and the food and agriculture... | over the past century , salt has been the subject of intense scientific research related to blood pressure elevation and cardiovascular mortalities . moderate reduction of dietary salt intake is generally an effective measure to reduce blood pressure .
however , recently some in the academic society and lay media dis... |
over the past decade , many immune tolerance agents have shown promise in the non - obese diabetic mouse model for prevention and reversal of type 1 diabetes but have not been successful in clinical trials among recently diagnosed type 1 patients .
the trials from decades ago using cyclosporine a in significantly low... | backgroundover the past decade , many immune tolerance agents have shown promise in the non - obese diabetic mouse model for prevention and reversal of type 1 diabetes but have not been successful in clinical trials among recently diagnosed type 1 patients .
the trials from decades ago using cyclosporine a in signifi... |
it represents the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and accounts for 500 000 deaths each year [ 1 , 2 ] .
hcc is associated with a poor prognosis due to a lack of effective treatment options .
although new therapeutic strategies have been continuously developed and applied to clinical treatment of hcc , the pr... | hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide .
although new therapeutic strategies have been continuously developed and applied to clinical treatment for hcc , the prognosis is still very poor .
thus , early detection of hcc may enhance effective and curative management . in this s... |
major complications of hysterectomy are rare . however , because hysterectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in women , efforts to decrease risks associated with this procedure have the potential for public health impact .
one such effort may include optimizing referral to surgeons with app... | background and objectives : to estimate the effect of surgeon volume on key perioperative outcomes after all modes of hysterectomy.methods:we performed a review of 1914 hysterectomies performed at a large , academic tertiary - care hospital .
women who underwent abdominal , laparoscopic , vaginal , or robotic hystere... |
rituximab is a human - mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the b - cell cd20 cell surface protein and has become indispensible for the treatment of b - cell non - hodgkin 's lymphoma [ 13 ] .
however , complications in the form of severe viral infections have been observed , and methods to counter these i... | rituximab is a drug used for the treatment of b - cell non - hodgkin 's lymphoma , and its range of use has expanded to the treatment of collagen diseases such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and rheumatoid arthritis .
one serious complication of rituximab use is the reactivation of dormant hepatitis b virus ,... |
syphilis , the great imitator , is among the most fascinating of skin disease .
it may present to the dermatologist as a sexually acquired , contagious disease or as a congenitally acquired infection .
syphilis can be transmitted by blood transfusion , but it is very rare now and in this condition , no primary les... | a 28-year - old male patient presented to skin , v.d . and leprosy outpatient with a single gray white plaque on the left side of the lower lip for last 8 months and multiple papulosquamous lesions all over the body for last 6 months .
there was history of blood transfusion for anemia 1 year back .
histopathology o... |
the anaerobic threshold ( at ) is a hallmark of the aerobic fitness of athletes1 , physically active individuals3 and on a minor scale for special
populations , such as individuals with type 2 diabetes ( t2d)2 , 4 , 5 . at
has been considered the gold standard along with maximum oxygen
consumption ( vo2max ) for ... | [ purpose ] to verify the identification of the anaerobic threshold through the double product breakpoint ( dpbp ) method for individuals with type 2 diabetes . [ subjects and methods ] nine individuals with t2d ( 7 females ; age=63.2 8.9 y ) and 10 non - diabetic ( nd ) ( 7 females ; age=58.3 7.8 y ) performed an in... |
talon cusp is an uncommon dental anomaly showing morphologically well delineated , accessory cusp - like structure projecting from cingulum to the cutting edge .
it was named as talon cusp due to its appearance as eagle 's talon when viewed from incisal edge .
outfolding of the enamel organ or hyperactivity of the ... | talon cusp is an uncommon dental anomaly showing morphologically well delineated , accessory cusp - like structure projecting from cingulum to the incisal edge of anterior teeth .
this anomaly is rare in the mandibular dentition and rarer on the facial aspect .
a case of this infrequent entity of mandibular facial ... |
hiv risk perception studies among men - who - have - sex - with - men ( msm ) have often reported similar findings , namely : inaccurate or misperception of hiv risk being common among msm [ 1 , 2 ] , perception of low risk being associated with no previous hiv testing and considerable high risk behavior [ 35 ] , and m... | we describe the hiv risk perception , sexual behavior , and hiv prevalence among 423 men - who - have - sex - with - men ( msm ) clients who received voluntary counseling and testing ( vct ) services at a community - based center in kuala lumpur , malaysia .
the mean age was 29 years old .
one hundred one ( 23.9% )... |
reflecting in 2008 on aids in south africa during the final phase of the anti - apartheid
struggle and the transition to democracy , edwin cameron , aids activist and justice of the
constitutional court , observed that the transition period brought to the fore the intricate
relationships that existed between illn... | this article focuses on the micro - narratives of two individuals whose responses to aids
were mediated by their sexual identity , aids activism and the political context of south
africa during a time of transition .
their experiences were also mediated by
well - established metanarratives about aids and homos... |
diabetes mellitus experiences a rampant growth and is currently affecting more than 150 million people worldwide . the onset of diabetes heralds the beginning of the macrovascular complications of our body .
the correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is still nebulous and is presumed to be related t... | objective .
the main aim is to evaluate safety , efficacy , and clinical performance of the indolimus ( sahajanand medical technologies pvt .
ltd . , surat , india ) sirolimus - eluting stent in high - risk diabetic population with complex lesions . methods . it was a multicentre , retrospective , non - randomized ... |
malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses account for 0.2% of all human primary malignant neoplasms , with an incidence of 0.11.4 new cases / year/100,000 inhabitants [ 13 ] .
adenocarcinomas account for 1020% of all primary malignant neoplasms of the sinonasal tract [ 4 , 5 ] .
many of these have ... | introduction . despite their histological resemblance to colorectal adenocarcinoma
, there is some information about the molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal - type sinonasal adenocarcinomas ( itacs ) . to evaluate the possible role of tnf - related apoptosis - inducing ligand ( trail ) gene de... |
chronic hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) infection is one of the most common and serious infections worldwide . according to the world health organization
, approximately two billion people have been infected with hbv and more than 240 million of them suffer from chronic hbv infection .
chronic hbv infection may be compli... | backgroundchronic hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) infection is common worldwide .
follow - up of patients by the use of non - invasive techniques may be valuable in clinical practice .
the aim of this study was to investigate serum galectin-3 ( gal-3 ) levels for monitoring disease status in children with chronic hbv inf... |
atrial fibrillation ( af ) is a global healthcare problem , currently affecting 2.5% of the population worldwide , its prevalence steeply increases with age ( 1 ) , ranging from 9% between 76 - 85 years to > 10% over 85 years ( 2 ) and it is expected to increase in the future ( 1 ) . although not directly life threaten... | backgroundatrial fibrillation ( af ) and heart failure ( hf ) , two problems of growing prevalence as a consequence of the ageing population , are associated with high morbidity , mortality , and healthcare costs .
af and hf also share common risk factors and pathophysiologic processes such as hypertension , diabetes... |
melanoma most commonly arises from epidermal skin melanocytes ( cutaneous melanoma ) , but primary tumors can also be found lining the choroidal layer of the eye ( uveal melanoma ) or the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory , genitourinary , and gastrointestinal surfaces .
similar to other tumors , the progression st... | despite recent advances , the treatment of malignant melanoma still results in the relapse of the disease , and second line treatment mostly fails due to the occurrence of resistance . a wide range of mutations
are known to prevent effective treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs .
hence , approaches with biopharmac... |
resource - poor countries , like india , have additional challenges of low awareness about mental disorders , stigma and scarcity of mental health professionals.(1 ) there are few studies on the prevalence and patterns of emotional and behavioral disturbances among indian adolescents,(2345678 ) with the largest knowled... | background : the understanding of youth mental health needs and development of service delivery models is a national public health challenge.objectives:the rates and predictors of emotional and behavioral problems among 1087 youth were assessed in a pre - university college in bangalore , india .
variations in rates ... |
stability of the trunk , often referred to as core stability , has gained considerable attention in the recent years .
it can be operationally defined as : the body s ability to control the trunk in response to internal and external disturbances , including the forces generated from distal body segments as well as f... | the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that fatigue due to exercises performed in training leads to a decrement of trunk stability in elite , female gymnasts .
nine female gymnasts participated in the study . to fatigue
trunk muscles , four series of five dump handstands on the uneven bar were perf... |
when microvascular option is not available or contraindicated the pedicle options are usually pectoralis major myocutaneous ( pmmc ) flap for lining and deltopectoral ( dp ) flap for cover .
if this procedure can be done in a single stage it becomes advantageous both for the patient in terms of reducing the morbidity... | even though free tissue transfers are a routine in many centres , pedicle flaps still have a huge roll to play in our country .
there are many centres in the country where pedicle flaps are in use because of logistic problems .
deltopectoral and pectoralis muscle flaps are usually preferred for composite cheek defe... |
by definition , health literacy is defined as the degree to which an individual has the capacity to obtain , communicate , process , and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions.(http://www.cdc.gov / healthliteracy / learn / index.html ) results from prior studies provide e... | background : a patient s health literacy is not routinely assessed during visits with a health care provider . since low health literacy is a risk factor for poor health outcomes , assessing health literacy should be considered as part of the standard medical workup.objectives:to evaluate the health literacy levels and... |
in the western world , the commonest indications for liver transplantation are end - stage cirrhosis due to hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection and , secondly , cirrhosis from alcohol ( ald ) .
the medium and longer term outcome of patients undergoing transplantation for hcv - related cirrhosis is reduced because of ... | end - stage liver disease due to hepatitis c ( hcv ) and cirrhosis from alcohol ( ald ) are the commonest indications for
liver transplantation in the western countries
. up to one third of hcv - infected transplant candidates have a history of
significant alcohol intake prior ... |
primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas ( pichs ) of the cranium are rare benign vascular tumors that account for about 0.2% of all bone tumors and 10% of benign skull tumors .
these typically present as osteolytic lesions in the calvarium.[24 ] even though calcification in hemangioma is relatively common , comple... | primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas ( pichs ) of the cranium are rare benign vascular tumors that account for about 0.2 % of all bone tumors and 10 % of benign skull tumors .
they generally present as osteolytic lesions with honeycomb pattern of calcification .
completely ossified cavernous hemangioma of the... |
in women previously treated for breast cancer , surveillance mammography is useful for early detection of tumour recurrence , or for confirming the absence of recurrent cancer , and for the early detection of contralateral cancers .
although published figures vary , it has been estimated that approximately 50% of loc... | objectivesto determine the diagnostic accuracy of surveillance mammography for detecting ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence and metachronous contralateral breast cancer in women previously treated for primary breast cancer.methodsa systematic review of surveillance mammography compared with ultrasound , magnetic reso... |
neurofibromatosis type - i ( nf-1 , von recklinghausen 's disease ) is an autosomal - dominant single - gene hereditary disorder of neural crest cells , involving neuroectoderm , mesoderm , and endoderm .
it affects 1:3000 - 4000 individuals and is caused by a defect in the gene responsible for the production of the ... | neurofibromatosis type - i ( nf - i ) is an autosomal - dominant hereditary disorder , in which spinal skeletal deformities are one of the manifestations and manifest as acquired abnormalities and present as short , sharp , and angular ( usually thoracic ) curves .
the scoliosis can be severe requiring surgical inter... |
smoking is still the single greatest preventable cause of premature death and disability in modern times.1 it has been estimated that one third of the world 's population , above 15 years of age , are current smokers .
it is much more prevalent among males ( 47% ) than females ( 12%).2 tobacco consumption does not on... | objective : to study the reported practices of knowledge about and attitude towards smoking among nursing and medical laboratory technology ( mlt ) students , college of medicine , king faisal university at dammam and al-khobar.setting:college of medicine , dammam and king fahd hospital of the university , al - khobar ... |
periodontitis can be considered as the consequence of broken balances in bacterial components of the dental plaque .
its prevalence drives to its consideration as the most prevalent infectious disease in the community , with 75% of adults affected as reported in published studies .
several studies have identified s... | abstractobjectivesto systematically examine influence of soft tissue condition and plaque accumulation around dental implants on peri - implantitis development.material and methodsan electronic literature search was conducted of two databases - medline ( ovid ) and embase from 2011 to 2016 .
sequential screenings at ... |
eosinophilic protein x is produced by activated eosinophils and can be measured in blood , stools , and urine ( uepx ) [ 1 , 2 ] .
elevated uepx has been reported in asthmatics with or without allergy [ 3 , 4 ] , with great overlap between healthy controls and asthmatics [ 5 , 6 ] .
a relation with asthma symptoms ... | the aim of this study was to assess cross - sectional and longitudinal correlations between uepx and other markers of asthma control and eosinophilic airway inflammation . methods .
we measured uepx at baseline , after 1 year and after 2 years in 205 atopic asthmatic children using inhaled fluticasone . at the same... |
adenoid cystic carcinoma ( acc ) accounts for 1% of all head and neck ( hn ) cancers and about 10 - 22% of all malignant tumors of the major and minor salivary glands . minor salivary glands ( 65% ) are more frequently involved than major salivary glands ( submandibular - 19% , parotid - 16% ) . occasionally , they ari... | background : adenoid cystic carcinoma ( acc ) accounts for 1% of all head and neck ( hn ) cancers.materials and methods : demographic , clinical , treatment , and survival details of 66 patients were collected ( 1995 - 2011 ) and analyzed . disease - free survival ( dfs ) was estimated by kaplan - meier method.results:... |
the interest of clinical research in aging males increased in recent years and thereby the interest to measure health - related quality of life and symptoms of aging men .
the aging males ' symptoms ( ams ) scale was originally developed in germany in 1999 based on the assumption that like women during their menop... | backgroundthe interest of clinical research in aging males increased in recent years and thereby the interest to measure health - related quality of life ( hrqol ) and symptoms of aging men .
the aging males ' symptoms scale ( ams ) became the most commonly used scale to measure hrqol and symptoms in aging males in m... |
reverse transcription of viral rna into double - stranded ( ds ) dna , and the subsequent insertion of the synthesized viral dna ( vdna ) into a host chromosome , are characteristic features of retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( hiv-1 ) .
the reverse transcription and integration of the vira... | integrase ( in ) is a retroviral enzyme that catalyzes the insertion of viral dna ( vdna ) into host chromosomal dna , which is necessary for efficient viral replication .
the crystal structure of prototype foamy virus in bound to cognate vdna ends , a complex referred to as the intasome , has recently been resolved ... |
fundamental molecular
transactions responsible for the cell s
homeostasis ( such as in transcription , translation , and replication )
involve dynamic interactions of multiple components and their regulations
via allostery , conformational changes , or translocation . as an example ,
protein dna interactions... | single - molecule ,
protein - induced fluorescence enhancement ( pife )
serves as a molecular ruler at molecular distances inaccessible to
other spectroscopic rulers such as frster - type resonance energy
transfer ( fret ) or photoinduced electron transfer . in order to provide
two simultaneous measurements o... |
these surfactant characteristics result from the combination of the polar hydroxyl groups on the concave -face and the methyl groups on the convex -face .
bile salts in aqueous solution form aggregates mainly due to hydrophobic attractive interactions of the apolar -faces .
it is known that bile salts form micelles... | backgroundin order to develop colloidal drug carriers with desired properties , it is important to determine physico - chemical characteristics of these systems .
bile salt mixed micelles are extensively studied as novel drug delivery systems .
the objective of the present investigation is to develop and characteri... |
since its introduction , clozapine has been associated with haematological abnormalities , with most common abnormality being leucopenia , and other less commonly reported haematological abnormalities include agranulocytosis , neutropenia , thrombocytopenia , leukocytosis , and thrombocytothaemia .
however , there ar... | clozapine , an atypical antipsychotic , has been used in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders .
although it has good therapeutic effect but many a time it use is overridden by the associated adverse effects which range from minor to severe life - threatening events . there has been extensive l... |
lung cancer is the leading type of occupational cancer , with 13% to 30% of the cases attributable to occupational exposures [ 1 , 2 ] .
numerous lung carcinogenic hazards were / are present in the work place , in particular asbestos , a lung carcinogen very frequently found in numerous occupational settings such as ... | background . in a french large population - based case - control study we investigated the dose - response relationship between lung cancer and occupational exposure to diesel motor exhaust ( dme ) , taking into account asbestos exposure .
methods . exposure to dme was assessed by questionnaire .
asbestos was taken... |
supplementary figure 1 . regional assembly supplementary table 1 . bacterial data sets used to test polymorphism discovery with vaal supplementary table 2
. nature of called , uncalled polymorphisms of m. tuberculosis f11 vs h37rv supplementary table 3 .
effect of depth of sequence coverage on discovery of polymorp... | our variant ascertainment algorithm vaal uses massively parallel dna sequence data to identify differences between bacterial genomes at high sensitivity and specificity .
vaal found ~98% of differences ( including large indels ) between pairs of strains from three species while calling no false positives .
further ... |
renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) has a propensity to metastasize along the hematogenous route .
about 20% to 25% of patients with rcc have distant metastases at presentation,1 and another 50% develop distant metastases or local recurrence after nephrectomy.2 metastasis can occur at any time , and the most frequent sites ... | metastasis to the stomach from renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) is extremely rare .
usually , gastric metastasis seems to be a late event in patients with rcc and is accompanied by disseminated tumor spread to other organs .
solitary synchronous gastric metastasis from small , localized rcc has rarely been reported .
... |
cystic fibrosis ( cf ) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( cftr ) gene .
the protein product of the gene is a chloride channel and a member of the atp - binding cassette membrane transporter superfamily .
the cftr channel is critical for th... | objectivecystic fibrosis and its distribution vary widely in different countries and/or ethnic groups .
common cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( cftr ) mutations were reported from iran , but the northern population was not or underrepresented in those studies .
the aim of this study was to dete... |
scientometric methods can be used to show potentially fruitful areas for drug discovery , based on the assumption that higher levels of scientific activity , including publication rates , will point to specific targets for novel therapies.1 bordons et al demonstrated the usefulness of bibliometric analyses to detect tr... | the top journal selectivity index ( tjsi ) is a scientometric index reflecting the potential importance of a new drug .
it represents the ratio of the number of all types of articles on a particular drug in the top 20 journals relative to the number of articles in all ( > 5,000 ) biomedical journals covered by medlin... |
the 30-item inventory of depressive symptomatology ( ids30 ) ( rush et al 1996 , 2000 ; trivedi et al 2004b ) has been widely used and evaluated using classical test theory methods .
the standard total score is obtained by summing the ratings of 28 of the 30 items .
either weight loss or weight gain , appetite loss... | background : both the clinician ( ids - c30 ) and self - report ( ids - sr30 ) versions of the 30-item inventory of depressive symptomatology have acceptable psychiatric properties and have been used in various clinical studies .
these two scales , however , have not been compared using item response theory ( irt ) m... |
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