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primary osteosarcoma of the head and neck represents 6 to 13% of osteosarcoma cases,1 and 1.7 to 5% of head and neck cancers.2 males and females are equally affected , and patients usually present in the third and fourth decades of life .
contributing factors include prior chemotherapy , radiation , and underlying pa... | introduction giant cell - rich osteosarcoma ( gcro ) is a rare pathologic diagnosis , and most cases have involved the appendicular skeleton .
we present a challenging diagnosis of gcro of the skull base treated with an endoscopic endonasal approach .
case presentation an 18-year - old female patient presented wi... |
the translation of its scientific name , linen most useful [ 1 , 2 ] , aptly describes its versatility and importance to world economy .
linen , the long , strong fibers from flax stems , is considered one of the earliest successes in textiles .
while evidence does not exist on how early people learned to separat... | the components of flax ( linum usitatissimum ) stems are described and illustrated , with reference to the anatomy and chemical makeup and to applications in processing and products .
bast fiber , which is a major economic product of flax along with linseed and linseed oil , is described with particular reference to ... |
occlusal adjustment can be defined as the removal of occlusal interferences , through selective tooth grinding or through the use of restorative materials .
the aim of such an intervention is to obtain a stable occlusal relationship , with no premature contacts or mandibular excursion .
the adjustments can be perfo... | this brief review discusses the role of occlusal interferences on the development and progression of temporomandibular dysfunction ( tmd ) and postural disorders .
the eligible literature is described and critically presented to demonstrate that occlusal interferences are an important factor in the risk of tmd .
se... |
gene expression levels during adipocyte differentiation were obtained by stimulating the sgbs pre - adipocyte cell line with a mix of differentiation inducing compounds and collecting rna samples at 0 , 4 , 8 and 12 h and on days 1 , 3 and 12 of adipogenesis for hybridization on illumina ht-12 microarrays .
tripl... | obesity is an ever - growing epidemic where tissue homeostasis is influenced by the differentiation of adipocytes that function in lipid metabolism , endocrine and inflammatory processes .
while this differentiation process has been well - characterized in mice , limited data is available from human cells . applying ... |
small - cell lung cancer ( sclc ) , which comprises approximately 1015% of all lung cancers , is a neuroendocrine tumor , previously known as oat cell carcinoma , that is closely linked with tobacco smoking and characterized by an aggressive and rapid pattern of metastases , limited treatment options following progre... | rrx-001 is a pan - active , systemically nontoxic epigenetic inhibitor under investigation in advanced non - small cell lung cancer , small - cell lung cancer and high - grade neuroendocrine tumors in a phase ii clinical trial entitled triple threat ( nct02489903 ) , which reexposes patients to previously effective but... |
the successful isolation of helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) infection from the stomachs of patients with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in 1983 has fundamentally changed our concept of the etiology , pathogenesis and management of upper gastrointestinal ( gi ) diseases .
nowadays h. pylori is thought to... | background
this study aims to elucidate the knowledge and practice of general practitioners ( gp ) and internists regarding diagnosis and treatment of helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) infection in a high prevalent area , with the intent to assist with future educational strategies for h. pylori infection .
method... |
arterial pseudoaneurysms are a well - documented occurrence in the setting of both penetrating and blunt traumatic injuries .
however , traumatic lumbar artery pseudoaneurysms ( lapas ) are less frequent , their documentation in the literature being limited to several case reports [ 25 ] .
traumatic lapas are often... | lumbar artery pseudoaneurysms are infrequent complications of penetrating trauma . when present , they are often accompanied by other injuries ; however , we report the case of an isolated traumatic lumbar artery aneurysm resulting from a single knife stab .
the lesion was successfully treated with endovascular micro... |
trade - offs and adaptive phenotypic plasticity are central to our evolutionary understanding of biological variation in metazoan organisms .
fundamental to life history theory is the idea that , whilst natural selection acts to maximize some measure of fitness , the possible combinations of phenotypic traits that ca... | adaptive phenotypic plasticity in life history traits , behaviours , and strategies is ubiquitous in biological systems .
it is driven by variation in selection pressures across environmental gradients and operates under constraints imposed by trade - offs .
phenotypic plasticity has been thoroughly documented for ... |
head and neck cancer is a major problem that occurs in asia , especially in the indian subcontinent . more than 2 lakh new cases of head and neck cancers are diagnosed each year .
india contributes up to 7.8% of the global cancer burden and 8.33% of global cancer deaths .
lack of improvement in prognosis over the y... | background : oral cancer is a major public health problem in india . a key factor that has led to lack of improvement in prognosis of oral cancer over the years , is delay in diagnosis and treatment . in many instances ,
a significant proportion of oral squamous cell carcinomas develop from premalignant lesions and c... |
to become long - term memory , newly learned information undergoes progressive changes and a stabilization process known as memory consolidation ( mcgaugh , 2000 ; dudai , 2004 ) .
this term was proposed more than 100 years ago by muller and pilzecker ( 1900 ) to indicate that , after learning , memory is initially i... | it is becoming increasingly clear that the processes of memory formation and storage are exquisitely dynamic . elucidating the nature and temporal evolution of the biological changes that accompany encoding , storage , and retrieval is key to understand memory formation . for explicit or medial temporal lobe - dependen... |
in recent years , several cowpox virus ( cpxv ) infections in humans have been described in europe [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ] .
cowpox virus , as well as monkeypox , vaccinia and variola virus , belong to the genus orthopoxvirus , which can infect humans .
wild rodents are considered the reservoir host of cpxv and t... | the case presented here points towards the fact that skin lesion observed with a cowpox virus is a rare event but should be considered more as the number of cases has increased in the last years .
cowpox virus ( cpxv ) belongs to the poxviridae family .
the transmission of cpxv to humans is caused by wild rodents o... |
portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis results from the anatomical changes and the development of contractile element in the liver vascular bed secondary to progressive hepatic fibrosis and formation of regenerative nodules [ 1 , 2 ] .
the increase in portal pressure triggers splanchnic vasodilation , increased cardi... | variceal hemorrhage is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis associated with significant mortality and morbidity .
its management has evolved over the past decade and has substantially reduced the rate of first and recurrent bleeding while decreasing mortality . in general , treatment of esophageal varice... |
takotsubo cardiomyopathy ( tc ) is an increasingly reported syndrome characterized by transient apical left ventricular dysfunction in absence of low limiting coronary artery disease .
prolongation of qtc interval associated with tc has been previously reported in published case series .
bradycardia induced qt inte... | prolongation of qtc interval associated with takotsubo cardiomyopathy ( tc ) has previously been reported in published case series .
we report an unusual case of a patient who presented with tc associated with long - qt syndrome and developed cardiac arrest secondary to torsade de pointes . since qt prolongation and ... |
it is well documented that transplants save lives and improve quality of life for patients suffering from kidney , liver , and heart failure .
but in many countries , moral courage and public health policies have not kept pace with need . in a recent issue of critical care , fieux and
colleagues demonstrate remar... | it is well documented that transplants save lives and improve quality of life for patients suffering from kidney , liver , and heart failure . uncontrolled donation after cardiac death ( udcd ) is an effective and ethical alternative to existing efforts towards increasing the available pool of organs .
however , peop... |
cerebral small vessel disease ( svd ) manifests on conventional mr images ( i.e. t1 and fluid attenuated inversion recovery ( flair ) ) as white matter hyperintensities ( wmh ) and lacunes of presumed vascular origin ( wardlaw et al . , 2013 ) .
svd is related to cognitive impairment and may , in some , ultimately le... | cerebral small vessel disease , including white matter hyperintensities ( wmh ) and lacunes of presumed vascular origin , is common in elderly people and is related to cognitive impairment and dementia .
one possible mechanism could be the disruption of white matter tracts ( both within wmh and normal - appearing whi... |
nuclear remodeling relies on a timely translation of stabilized mrna transcribed at the round spermatid stage ( brock et al . , 1980 ) .
the first transcripts are testis - specific core and linker histone variants ( gaucher et al . , 2010 ,
testis - specific histones have a lower affinity for dna than somatic one... | summaryprotamines confer a compact structure to the genome of male gametes . here , we find that somatic cells can be remodeled by transient expression of protamine 1 ( prm1 ) .
ectopically expressed prm1 forms scattered foci in the nuclei of fibroblasts , which coalescence into spermatid - like structures , concomit... |
when the intervention occurred , she was 40 years old ( 5.5 years after stroke ) and had severe paralysis in her left hand with no residual movement .
she had received conventional therapy for two years and no significant functional improvement had been observed before her participation to this study .
she particip... | conventional therapies do not provide paralyzed patients with closed - loop sensorimotor integration for motor rehabilitation
. paired associative stimulation ( pas ) uses brain - computer interface ( bci ) technology to monitor patients movement imagery in real - time , and utilizes the information to control functi... |
oral squamous cell carcinoma ( oscc ) is the most common type of cancer of the mouth ,
accounting for more than 90% of all malignant oral neoplasms .
however , some patients
develop this neoplasm without exposure to these risk factors , a fact suggesting the
involvement of other etiological factors such as vira... | the human papillomavirus ( hpv ) has been strongly implicated in development of
some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma ( oscc ) .
however , the immunological
system somehow reacts against the presence of this virus . among the cells
involved in such mechanism of defense langerhans cells ( lc )
stand out ,... |
ehlers - danlos syndrome ( eds ) is a heterogeneous group of heritable connective tissue disorders characterized by skin hyperextensibility , joint hypermobility , easy bruising , and tissue fragility . as 1 of 6 major types of eds , vascular eds ( veds )
collagens provide structure and strength to connective tissue ... | abstractas a type of ehlers - danlos syndrome ( eds ) , vascular eds ( veds ) is typified by a number of characteristic facial features ( eg , large eyes , small chin , sunken cheeks , thin nose and lips , lobeless ears ) .
however , veds does not typically display hypermobility of the large joints and skin hyperexte... |
a male patient , 65 years of age reported to adhiparasakthi dental college and hospital outpatient department with a chief complaint of painful swelling in the lower lip for 1 month .
on intraoral examination , a well - defined sessile swelling of size 1 cm 1.5 cm was noticed in the lower lip .
secondary surface c... | oral mucocele is the most common benign lesion of minor salivary gland caused due to any form of mechanical trauma to the excretory duct of the gland .
it is of two types mucous extravasation phenomenon and mucous retention type .
extravasation type is more common . here
, we report a case of a 65-year - old mal... |
a 41-year - old woman presented to the outpatient ward of our hospital with a two - month history of reddish urine and blood clots on voiding and intermittent left flank pain .
the medical history revealed that the patient had undergone a medical examination three years prior and results were within the normal ranges... | here we report a case in a 41-year - old woman histologically proven cystic embryonal sarcoma of the kidney , with emphasis on the imaging findings and pathological features .
a large lobulated solid mass in the cystically dilated pelvocalyceal region was accompanied with hydroureter as depicted on both ultrasound an... |
we have recently studied two cases of advanced primary duodenal adenocarcinoma ( pda ) . in both cases , we were unable to determine the primary location of the carcinoma by contrast - enhanced computed tomography ( ct ) .
ct images showed a large tumor ( 7.9 6.5 8.5 cm and 6.7 6.4 7.0 cm ) of unknown origin with... | this article focuses on the symptomatic and diagnostic problems of primary duodenal adenocarcinoma ( pda ) by way of two case reports and a literature review .
an 85-year - old woman with an adenocarcinoma in the 1st duodenal portion was offered palliative care . a 90-year - old woman with an adenocarcinoma in the 3r... |
the availability of the mouse genome sequence and advances in genetic manipulation has resulted in multiple initiatives , both in the public and private sector , to produce mouse mutants on a large scale .
coordinated efforts are on way to systematically knock out all mouse genes to provide researchers targeting cons... | we have developed , for the case 3d cryo - imaging system , a specialized , multiscale visualization scheme which provides color - rich volume rendering and multiplanar reformatting enabling one to visualize an entire mouse and zoom in to organ , tissue , and microscopic scales . with this system , we have anatomically... |
graves disease is a common autoimmune condition and is commonly associated with other autoimmune conditions such as myasthenia gravis , addison disease , type 1 diabetes mellitus , and vitiligo .
there is also a rare but well - documented association between graves disease and thymic hyperplasia .
clinicians should... | graves disease is an autoimmune thyroid condition characterized by the production of autoantibodies against the thyrotropin receptor .
it is known to be associated with autoimmune conditions such as myasthenia gravis , addison 's disease , type 1 diabetes mellitus , and vitiligo .
we present a case of rare autoimmu... |
the practice of modern pediatric dentistry requires delivery of quality care in combination with adherence to excellent business and management principles .
dentists traditionally trained in the art and science of dentistry must also become skilled in techniques of sound business management . today 's pediatric denta... | introduction .
the practice of modern pediatric dentistry requires delivery of quality care in combination with adherence to excellent business as well as time management principles .
a definite appointment schedule should be presented to the parents on the first or second appointment .
more importantly , the pre... |
endoscopic mucosal resection ( emr ) is widely used in western centers for the treatment of non - pedunculated colorectal adenomas > 2 cm in size .
colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection ( esd ) for the treatment of these adenomas is rarely performed outside of japan and korea .
emr is associated with a low risk ... | to discuss the rationale for the widespread application of endoscopic mucosal resection ( emr ) rather than endoscopic submucosal dissection ( esd ) in western centers . in western centers ,
emr is the treatment of choice for most non - pedunculated colorectal adenomas > 2 cm in size .
emr is sufficiently effective... |
no definitive treatment has been established for bleeding vesical varices . in symptomatic vesical varices , surgical devascularization , laser sclerosis , and coagulation
are often only temporarily effective . as another treatment option , percutaneous transheapatic obliteration ( 1 ) and endoscopic injection of his... | gross hematuria secondary to vesical varices is an unusual presentation .
we report such a case recurrent gross hematuria in a male patient who had a history of bladder substitution with ileal segments that had been treated by balloon - occluded percutaneous transhepatic obliteration of vesical varices . |
malaria is the most common fatal disease in the world . according to 2013 who malaria report , an estimated 3.4 billion people were at risk of malaria globally and populations living in sub - saharan africa have the highest risk of acquiring malaria .
approximately 80% of cases and 90% of deaths are estimated to occu... | background . laboratory diagnosis of malaria is the key for effective disease management .
diagnosis of malaria infection requires rapid , sensitive , and specific test methods with an affordable cost .
this study was aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of partec rapid malaria test with reference to light mi... |
sudden out - of - hospital cardiac arrest ( sohca ) remains one of the major causes of death for men and women alike in western societies , accounting for more than 250,000 lives lost annually in the usa alone .
ironically , most cases of sohca are caused by a highly reversible yet time dependent process , namely ven... | despite well developed emergency medical services with rapid response advanced life support capabilities , survival rates following out - of - hospital ventricular fibrillation ( vf ) have remained bleak in many venues . generally , these poor resuscitation rates are attributed to delays in the performance of basic car... |
the skin forms a protective layer around the body against physical , chemical and thermal environmental challenges .
in addition to providing a physical barrier , the skin is considered a sensory organ that allows the body to perceive harmful external stimuli and appropriate behavior or body movement can be initiated... | a patient recently presented with long - standing severe itching originating from lichen sclerosus et atrophicus at the vulva area .
we successively treated her using a topical formulation of trpm8 agonist which produces a cooling sensation .
the cooling sensation , an afferent sensory perception in various skin ne... |
inspired by the power of modularity in synthetic design and the mathematical merits of oligomerization as a central theme for molecular diversification ( 7 , 8) , we hypothesized that a new class of chiral and conformationally constrained synthetic oligomers , where chirality could be readily addressed in concert with ... | the discovery of new compounds for the pharmacological manipulation of protein function often embraces the screening of compound collections , and it is widely recognized that natural products offer beneficial characteristics as protein ligands .
much effort has therefore been focused on natural product - like libr... |
the numbers of hypothesis tests in science and genomics , in particular , are increasing at an ever - expanding rate .
total studies and hypothesis tests per study have both increased exponentially since the 1920s when the conventional 0.05 significance level was first adopted .
simultaneously , as technological ad... | advances in high - throughput biology and computer science are driving an exponential increase in the number of hypothesis tests in genomics and other scientific disciplines .
studies using current genotyping platforms frequently include a million or more tests .
in addition to the monetary cost , this increase imp... |
primary well - differentiated neuroendocrine tumors ( wdnets ) arising in the intracranial portion of the central nervous system ( cns ) are occasional findings . to date , less than 10 cases of cns wdnets have been reported , 3 of which originated from cerebral hemispheres or the skull base and another 3 were paragang... | we report the case of a 38-year - old patient who was diagnosed with a cerebellar well - differentiated neuroendocrine tumor ( wdnet ) in 2009 . at first glance
, we believed that it was a metastasis from an unrecognized wdnet arising outside the cerebellum .
however , despite a prolonged follow - up of 6 years , a... |
, rural health issues have attracted much attention , and providing rural health care has become a concern and topic for international discussions .
the health of these societies is a major concern for nurses , midwives , other health care providers and health care systems , and governments .
if half of the world '... | background : health care systems in rural areas face numerous challenges in meeting the community 's needs and adequate attention has not been paid to this problem .
the aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of health care process in rural society.materials and methods : twenty - six participants including t... |
the 1970s and 1980s saw extensive research on microtubules and actin . during this
period , the consensus developed that these cytoskeletal elements were unique to
eukaryotes and that nothing related to tubulin or actin existed in bacteria or
archaeans .
this consensus was overthrown in the 1990s when a series ... | the year 2017 marks the 25th anniversary of the discovery of homologues of tubulin
and actin in prokaryotes . before 1992 , it was largely accepted that tubulin and actin
were unique to eukaryotes .
then three laboratories independently discovered that
ftsz , a protein already known as a key player in bacterial... |
tropical calcific pancreatitis ( tcp ) is chronic pancreatitis of uncertain etiology , usually presenting with the classical features of pain abdomen and steatorrhea in childhood or adolescence , with evidence of pancreatic calculi along with atrophic pancreas on imaging , found predominantly in the tropical and subtro... | fibrocalcific pancreatic diabetes ( fcpd ) is a rare cause of diabetes ( < 1% ) of uncertain etiology associated with > 100-fold increased risk of pancreatic cancer .
we present 3 patients of fcpd with pancreatic cancer who had long duration of diabetes ( 19 years , 25 years , and 28 years , respectively ) , all of w... |
we included publications on randomized phase 3 clinical trials comparing gefitinib , erlotinib , or afatinib with chemotherapy or one egfr - tki with another as first - line therapy in patients with advanced nsclc whose tumors present with an egfr - activating mutation .
studies were included if they contained only p... | introduction : tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib , erlotinib , and afatinib have been compared with chemotherapy as first - line therapies for patients with advanced non small - cell lung cancer harboring epidermal growth factor receptor activating mutations .
this meta - analysis compares gefitinib , erlotinib ... |
motor neuron innervation is the most relevant maturation event in skeletal muscle development since muscle physiology , also accounting for locomotion and breath , depends on it .
innervation implies sophisticated interactions between motor neuron axons and end plates on the muscle fibers , thus resulting in a develo... | skeletal muscle innervation is a multi - step process leading to the neuromuscular junction ( nmj ) apparatus formation .
the transmission of the signal from nerve to muscle occurs at the nmj level .
the molecular mechanism that orchestrates the organization and functioning of synapses is highly complex , and it ha... |
health care delivery in germany is highly fragmented , resulting in poor vertical and horizontal integration and a system that is focused on curing single diseases instead of managing patient populations . while it is now widely accepted that a strong primary care system can help to improve coordination and responsiven... | problem statementhealth care delivery in germany is highly fragmented , resulting in poor vertical and horizontal integration and a system that is focused on curing acute illness or single diseases instead of managing patients with more complex or chronic conditions , or managing the health of determined populations . ... |
our previous analysis for cis - regulatory elements was unable to elucidate the mechanism regulating the gene expression pattern in 1-cell
embryos , except for the gc - rich nature of regions upstream of active genes [ 11 , 12 ] .
since there is no cis - regulatory element specific to 1-cell embryos , it is possibl... | after fertilization , the genome of zygotes is transcriptionally silent .
the timing of the initiation of transcription is species - specific and occurs at the
mid-1-cell stage in mice .
recent analyses using high - throughput sequencing ( hts ) have identified thousands of genes transcribed at the 1-cell stage ,... |
infections are important causes of mortality and morbidity in the world . out of 4 million annual neonatal deaths ,
they also cause anxiety and stress in parents and other family members . therefore , infection control is of high importance to save patients and provide hospitalized infants with optimal life condition... | background : infection control should be an integrated part of patient care , especially to ensure safety and survival in hospitalized neonates . although povidone - iodine ( pvp - i ) solution has been used as the most common antiseptic in hospitals of iran , chlorhexidine is currently used in some wards for skin disi... |
in the last two decades motivation theory has reached developments of paramount importance for psychology and neuroscience .
incentive motivation theory was a crucial crossroads along the way the led to such important developments .
incentive motivation concepts rose in the 1960s when several new realizations about... | motivational salience regulates the strength of goal seeking , the amount of risk taken , and the energy invested from mild to extreme .
highly motivational experiences promote highly persistent memories .
although this phenomenon is adaptive in normal conditions , experiences with extremely high levels of motivati... |
since their introduction in 1972 , glass ionomer ( gi ) cements have been widely used as dental restorative materials , in particular in restoration of cervical lesions . despite the advantages associated with the use of conventional gi ( cgi ) cements as ; their chemical bonding efficacy to tooth substrate , long - te... | objective : this study was conducted to evaluate the microshear bond strength ( sbs ) and ultramorphological characterization of glass ionomer ( gi ) cements ; conventional gi cement ( fuji ix , cgi ) , resin modified gi ( fuji ii lc , rmgi ) and nano - ionomer ( ketac n100 , ni ) to enamel , dentin and cementum substr... |
surgical treatment of ossified posterior longitudinal ligament ( opll ) is riddled with confusion and debate .
a number of possible etiological factors have been incriminated that possibly initiate the formation and growth of opll and maturation of clinical symptoms .
the vertical , cross - sectional , and horizont... | background : multilevel ossified posterior longitudinal ligaments ( oplls ) , particularly those that extend into the high cervical region , are formidable and challenging surgical problems . the aim of the presentation is to analyze the results of surgical treatment of seven consecutive patients having high cervical o... |
recent advances made in nanotechnology and in molecular and biomolecular chemistry have resulted in the design of supramolecular and biologically inspired systems capable of showing inventive related functions that fuel areas such as bioengineering , biosensing , and bionanotechnology into new horizons.1 in this contex... | silica mesoporous supports ( smss ) have a large specific surface area and volume and are particularly exciting vehicles for delivery applications .
such container - like structures can be loaded with numerous different chemical substances , such as drugs and reporters .
gated systems also contain addressable funct... |
the tridimensional structure of the transmembrane core of some kv channels has been solved at high resolution ( jian et al . , 2003 ; long et al . , 2005a , 2007 ) .
given the overall identity and primary structure conservation of these protein segments , it is reasonable to assume that all of the kv family members w... | the basic architecture of the voltage - dependent k+ channels ( kv channels ) corresponds to a transmembrane protein core in which the permeation pore , the voltage - sensing components and the gating machinery ( cytoplasmic facing gate and sensor gate coupler ) reside .
usually , large protein tails are attached to... |
parkinson 's disease ( pd ) is the second - most common neurodegenerative disease , and its motor characteristics include resting tremors , rigidity , bradykinesia , and postural instability
it has been suggested that losses in proprioception may result from a lack of proper regulation of motor control and body refle... | background . changes in proprioception may contribute to postural instability in individuals with neurological disorders .
objectives . evaluate proprioception in the lower limbs of patients with parkinson 's disease ( pd ) and the association between proprioception and cognitive ability , motor symptoms , postural i... |
health care is becoming more patient - centered , or at least that goal is being more widely articulated .
patients ' preferences and rights to play a central role in health care decisions are being more widely discussed .
one area in which patient values are extremely important deals with the relative emphasis pla... | as the population ages and chronic disease becomes the more dominant form of illness , measures of functional loss and disability assume greater importance in the assessment of both quality of life and the cost - effectiveness of care .
the authors studied the responses of consumers and health care professionals rega... |
unintentional spinal block occurs if the medication intended to be placed in the epidural space enters the intrathecal space.1 this is a serious complication that requires immediate diagnosis and prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation.2,3 in the obstetric population , this can lead to severe fetal compromise necessitatin... | backgroundit is accepted that there is a severe risk of dural puncture in epidural anesthesia . of major concern to anesthesiologists
is unintentional spinal block .
reliable identification of cerebrospinal fluid ( csf ) from the aspirate is crucial for safe epidural anesthesia .
the aim of this study was to dete... |
neuroendocrine tumours ( net ) of the ampulla of vater are considered to be an exceptional pathology .
a total of 139 net of the ampulla of vater ( carcinoids and high - grade neuroendocrine carcinomas ) were identified between 1973 and 2006 in a recent analysis of the surveillance , epidemiology and end results prog... | background / aimsneuroendocrine tumours occur very rarely in the ampulla of vater and their clinical behaviour is unknown .
the aim of this study is to assess the clinico - pathological features , surgical approach and prognosis of these patients.methodssix patients with neuroendocrine tumours of the ampulla of vater... |
the rat genome has been sequenced and assembled , creating a need for rat gene nomenclature .
the obvious source of gene nomenclature for the rat would seem to be the mouse genome .
this logic has led to an automated naming of rat genes -- leading to problems of two kinds .
genes from both rat and mouse were sequ... | the current proliferation of mammalian genomes is creating a nomenclature issue caused by naming genes based on their best blast hit to a gene in another annotated genome .
the rat genome is relying heavily on the mouse genome for nomenclature , but not all rat genes have direct orthologues in the mouse ; often , the... |
aging of the population is a worldwide phenomenon that is accompanied by a series of modifications to several physiological parameters , such as a progressive increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean body mass.1 however , these alterations are not linear and must be constantly monitored.24 in elderly individuals , c... | the aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with obesity and sarcopenia in elderly brazilian women .
two hundred and seventy - two sedentary women with a mean age of 66.75 5.38 years were recruited for participation in this study .
obesity was determined... |
during the past 5 years , great strides have been made in unraveling the complex interplay of factors that are responsible for initiating and maintaining atrial fibrillation ( af ) . according to our present understanding of af ( which is still in its infancy )
, af is initiated by a number of possible supraventricul... | various approaches for catheter ablation of focal initiators of atrial fibrillation or the substrate for maintaining atrial fibrillation have evolved over the past 5 years . despite these advances , there are still a large number of unresolved issues regarding the efficacy and safety of these procedures as well as opti... |
fixation - off sensitivity ( fos ) is an interesting electroencephalography ( eeg ) phenomenon elicited by the elimination of central vision and fixation .
fixation - off sensitivity can act as a seizure trigger in patients with panayiotopoulos syndrome ( ps ) and more frequently in patients with idiopathic childhood... | fixation - off sensitivity ( fos ) is a rare phenomenon elicited by elimination of central vision and fixation , which even in the presence of light induces occipital paroxysms or generalized paroxysmal discharges .
it is most commonly encountered in patients with idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsies but may als... |
pelvic insufficiency fractures are common in female patients with osteoporosis and mostly occurred by trivial injury or slip down . as elderly population increases
if pelvic insufficiency fractures occur in elderly population , it leads to increase in dependency by mobility reduction in patients and then mortality ra... | as a result of aging population , the incidence of pelvic insufficiency fracture has been increasing . pain - related immobility caused by pelvic insufficiency fractures may result in a serious dependency and high mortality with preexisting comorbidities .
we present two cases of pelvic insufficiency fracture in elde... |
hydrogels with predictable degradation
are highly desired for biomedical
applications where timely disintegration of the hydrogel ( e.g. , drug
delivery , guided tissue regeneration ) is required .
however , precisely
controlling hydrogel degradation over a broad range in a predictable
manner is challenging... | |
fragile x syndrome ( fxs ) is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability ( i d ) affecting ~1/4000 males and ~1/5000 to 1/8000 females ( refs 1 , 2 ) and is caused by the full - mutation ( fm , > 200 repeats ) hyperexpansion of ( cgg)n triplet - repeat sequence in the 5-untranslated region of the x - lin... | premutation and full - mutation hyperexpansion of cgg - triplets in the x - linked fragile x mental retardation 1 ( fmr1 ) gene have been implicated in fragile x - associated tremor / ataxia syndrome , fragile x - associated primary ovarian insufficiency , and fragile x syndrome ( fxs ) , respectively .
the currently... |
primary producers play critical structural and functional roles in aquatic ecosystems ; therefore , it is imperative that the potential risks of toxicants to aquatic plants are adequately assessed in the risk assessment of chemicals .
the standard required macrophyte test species is the floating ( non - sediment - ro... | introduction and backgroundprimary producers play critical structural and functional roles in aquatic ecosystems ; therefore , it is imperative that the potential risks of toxicants to aquatic plants are adequately assessed in the risk assessment of chemicals .
the standard required macrophyte test species is the flo... |
the insulin - producing -cells are the most abundant cell type residing in the islets of langerhans , which are microorgans that are scattered throughout the exocrine tissue and represent only 1 to 2% of the total organ mass .
-cell replacement is considered the best therapeutic option , given the capacity of this pa... | -cell replacement by allogeneic islet transplantation is a promising approach for patients with type 1 diabetes , but the shortage of organ donors requires new sources of cells .
islet regeneration in vivo and generation of -cells ex vivo followed by transplantation represent attractive therapeutic alternatives to r... |
this paper proposes theoretical work that introduces powerful algorithms of molecular computation that could potentially compromise the security that is afforded by certain cryptography algorithms .
molecular
computation involves
biochemistry and dna rather than silicon chips to tackle formidable
computations... | elliptic curve cryptographic algorithms convert input data to unrecognizable encryption and the unrecognizable data back again into its original decrypted form .
the security of this form of encryption hinges on the enormous difficulty that is required to solve the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem ( ecdlp ) ... |
in north american and european studies , cognitive impairment occurs in 40%65% of patients with multiple sclerosis ( ms).1 cognitive decline appears in ms patients in the early stage of the disease and impacts social functioning and employment,2,3 but rarely progresses to dementia.4 attention deficit may be an importan... | backgroundto investigate whether japanese multiple sclerosis ( ms ) patients with minor brain lesion loads have attention deficits and brain atrophy , and to correlate their circumstance.methodtwenty-one japanese patients with relapsing - remitting ms were included in this study .
attention deficits were evaluated us... |
we established and sampled 10 mark - recapture sites within and adjacent to rnbm during 20032007 .
sampling of grids depended upon weather conditions , the purpose of the grid , and transitory human settlements .
each mark - recapture grid consisted of an 11 11 array of trap stations spaced 10 m apart , each of wh... | to explore geographic and host - taxonomic patterns of hantaviruses in paraguay , we established sampling sites in the mbaracay biosphere reserve .
we detected jabor virus and itapa37/juquitiba related virus in locations 20 m apart in different years , which suggested sympatry of 2 distinct hantaviruses . |
self - medication is defined as the consumption of medicinal products with the purpose of treating diseases or symptoms , or even promoting health , without a prescription provided by a medical professional.(12 ) the prevalenceof the practice of self - medication depends on many factors like nature of the disease , edu... | objectives : the objective was to assess the self - medication patterns and drug use behavior in housewives belonging to the middle income group in a city of haryana state in northern india.materials and methods : a detailed questionnaire designed to assess the self - medication patterns and drug use behavior and inter... |
obesity is understood to be the result of complex socioecological factors and interventions that target multiple levels of the socioecological framework , including individual , social , built environment , and policy factors , are more likely to be successful [ 13 ] .
however , the effectiveness of civic engagement ... | introduction .
the epidemic of obesity is a multifaceted public health issue .
positive policy and environmental changes are needed to support healthier eating and increased physical activity .
methods .
strongwomen change clubs ( swccs ) were developed through an academic - community research partnership betwe... |
the human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) pandemic continues to be a major public health threat in the world . since its recognition , hiv has claimed > 34 million lives worldwide and ~36.9 million people were living with hiv by the end of 2014.1 sub - saharan africa accounts for 70% of the world hiv / aids infections a... | backgroundthe epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) infection in ethiopia varies with regions , study population , and time .
thus , timely information on hiv epidemiology is critical for the combat of the epidemic . in this study
, we aim to update hiv prevalence and risk factors among voluntary cou... |
all the materials used in the experiment were analytical grade . zinc acetate , zinc nitrate hexahydrate and ammonium hydroxide were purchased from sigma aldrich , uk .
zno nanowires were grown on glass substrates using the hydrothermal synthesis method ( 18 ) .
10 mm zinc acetate was drop casted on the glass subst... | backgroundwettability is an important property of solid materials which can be controlled by surface energy .
dynamic control over the surface wettability is of great importance for biosensing applications .
zinc oxide ( zno ) is a biocompatible material suitable for biosensors and microfluidic devices .
nanowire... |
rapid maxillary expansion ( rme ) is a widely used treatment method to widen the maxillary arch .
it operates through moving the right and left maxillary segments apart by opening the mid - palatal suture as well as by buccal tilting of the premolars and molars .
many studies have evaluated the effects of rme , wit... | objective : to evaluate the effects of modified bonded rapid maxillary expansion ( rme ) on occlusal force distribution.materials and methods : the sample included 12 patients ( 7 girls and 5 boys ; mean age : 13.1 years ) at the permanent dentition stage with bilateral posterior cross - bite .
the patients were trea... |
haemolytic uraemic syndrome ( hus ) is a common cause of acute renal failure and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia ( maha ) .
it is associated with infections ( shiga toxin - producing bacteria in diarrhoea - positive hus and streptococcus pneumoniae ) .
less commonly , it is caused by defects in complement regu... | disorders in complement regulation are a major cause of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome ( ahus ) .
eculizumab , a monoclonal antibody targeting complement c5 and blocking the terminal complement cascade , should theoretically be useful in this disease , particularly when associated with specific complement path... |
in the era of minimally invasive technologies , laparoscopic transperitoneal left adrenalectomy ( ltla ) has become the standard treatment for adrenal masses < 6 cm .
however , masses > 6 cm can be successfully treated using the laparoscopic approach as well , replicating principles of open surgical oncology .
sple... | background and objectives : laparoscopic transperitoneal left adrenalectomy ( ltla ) has become the standard treatment for adrenal masses < 6 cm .
ltla involves the dissection of splenic suspensory ligaments , which replicates their congenital absence or weakening , present in cases of wandering spleen ( ws ) .
ws ... |
early repair is important because of risks of incarceration and strangulation of abdominal contents along with respiratory and cardiovascular compromise .
minimally invasive techniques have been useful for diagnosis and treatment of diaphragmatic hernias in both blunt and penetrating trauma .
we present the case of... | background : traumatic diaphragmatic hernias are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to variable presentations .
early repair is important because of risks of incarceration and strangulation of abdominal contents along with respiratory and cardiovascular compromise .
minimally invasive techniques have been u... |
all - trans - retinoic acid ( atra ) is a family of signalling molecules that are chemically related to vitamin a ( retinol ) .
atra has potent in vitro effects on a number of processes involved in vascular injury and repair , such as modulating smooth muscle cell ( smc ) proliferation and inducing smc differentiatio... | background .
all - trans - retinoic acid ( atra ) is effective for many proliferative diseases .
we investigated the protective effects of atra against atherosclerosis . methods .
rabbits were randomly allocated to receive basal diet or an hfd for 4 weeks .
hfd group then received rosuvastatin ( 3 mg / day ) ,... |
driven in part by the human genome1,2 and the hapmap project,3,4 it is now possible to genotype over one million single nucleotide polymorphisms ( snps ) across the human genome in a single assay .
these technologies have made it possible to genotype thousands of cases and controls for any disease and laid the founda... | over the last decade , significant technological breakthroughs have revolutionized human genomic research in the form of genome - wide association studies ( gwass ) .
gwass have identified thousands of statistically significant genetic variants associated with hundreds of human conditions including many with immunolo... |
with reference to the findings of contemporary medicine , diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder .
this complication which is resulted from insulin insufficiency or dysfunction may cover over 5.4% of population or 57.2 million people by the year 2025 .
although the pathophysiology of diabetes is not yet w... | diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder presenting increased amounts of serum glucose and will cover 5.4% of population by year 2025 . accordingly , this review was performed to gather and discuss the stand points on diagnosis , pathophysiology , non - pharmacological therapy and drug management of diabetes th... |
it represents a key animal model , with vertebrate - like characteristics as a dorsal nerve cord , a notochord , segmental muscles , pharyngeal gill slits and a post - anal tail , but it is by far less complex than vertebrates .
the genetic programs patterning the amphioxus embryo are also similar to those of vertebr... | the cephalochordate amphioxus is the closest invertebrate relative to vertebrates . in this study , using hplc technique , free l - amino acids ( l - aas ) and d - aspartic acid ( d - asp ) have been detected in the nervous system of the amphioxus branchiostoma lanceolatum . among other amino acids
glutamate , aspart... |
in a study in the previous issue of critical care , thooft and colleagues investigated the impact of increasing mean arterial pressure ( map ) by norepinephrine ( ne ) on systemic hemodynamics and organ perfusion in a series of patients with septic shock .
the increase in map from 65 to 85 mm hg was associated with... | the surviving sepsis campaign guidelines suggest targeting a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm hg to maintain organ perfusion pressure during septic shock . however , the optimal mean arterial pressure can be higher in patients with a history of hypertension or other vascular comorbidities or in those with incre... |
the present study aims to evaluate the epidemiological profile of the 277 patients who suffered facial fractures and were treated at the hospital do trabalhador in curitiba in the state of parana , in 2010 , with an emphasis on variables such as gender , age , cause , and anatomical sites of fractures , and compared wi... | summary
introduction : epidemiological studies that focus on facial injuries are of great interest for the knowledge of occurrence and severity of presentation .
aim : to study the epidemiological profile of 277 patients who suffered facial fractures at the hospital do trabalhador ( ht ) , with an emphasis on var... |
well into its third decade , the hiv / aids epidemic continues to pose a major public health challenge . currently , unaids estimates that 40 million persons are living with the disease worldwide and that there are more than 20 million related deaths .
the caribbean region hosts the highest incidence rates for hiv / ... | backgroundprevention programs often promote hiv testing as one possible strategy of combating the spread of the disease.objectiveto examine levels of hiv testing practices among a large sample of university students and the relationship among hiv testing , sociodemographic variables , and hiv - related behaviors.method... |
seroprevalence among participants of the german health interview and examination survey for adults ( degs ) .
this nationwide cross - sectional survey assessed the health status of 18- to 79-year - old persons in germany during 20082011 ( 10 ) .
survey weights based on age , sex , residence in western or eastern ge... | to assess borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato ( the cause of lyme borreliosis ) seropositivity in germany , we tested serum samples from health survey ( 20082011 ) participants .
seroprevalence was 5.8% among women and 13.0% among men ; infection risk was highest among persons > 60 years of age .
public health interven... |
eighteen nine - week - old sprague - dawley rats were purchased from charles river , inc ( yokohama , japan ) , and were used in the present study .
rats were kept in isolators at a temperature of 23 2c , and a relative humidity of 55 10% , on a 12/12 h dark / light cycle ( 06:0018:00 ) with air exchanged 12 times ... | the relationship between intensity of inflammatory stimulation and production of 2-macroglobulin ( 2 m ) and 1-acid glycoprotein ( aag ) in rats was investigated .
sprague - dawley rats were injected with turpentine oil at doses of 0.05 , 0.2 or 0.4 ml / rat .
serum levels of 2 m , interleukin ( il)-6 and cytokine ... |
takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a syndrome with transient systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in the absence of significant coronary artery obstruction .
the contractile function of the mid and apical segments of the left ventricle is classically depressed and there is hyperkinesis of the basal segments .
takots... | we describe a 76-year - old patient with takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicated by cardiac tamponade .
pericardial effusion in takotsubo cardiomyopthy is common but a cardiac tamponade is very rare . the use of anticoagulants may increase the risk of pericardial effusion and should be considered with care . |
chilblain lupus erythematosus is a chronic form of lupus erythematosus seen especially in women , affecting the fingertips , rims of ears , calves , and heels .
chle lesions may be clinically indistinguishable from simple chilblains or perniosis , which is seen in healthy individuals . hence , having an understanding... | chilblain lupus erythematosus ( chle ) is a rare form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus ( le ) , more frequently seen in middle aged females .
it is characterized by erythematous to violaceous plaques over the acral areas induced by exposure to cold or drop in temperature unlike lesions of lupus erythematosus that wor... |
the corpus cavernosum tissue consists of endothelial - lined sinusoidal structures surrounded by a specialized type of smooth muscle cells called corporal smooth muscle .
normal erectile function involves a coordinated relaxation of the cavernous arteries , cavernous sinusoidal endothelium , and the sinusoidal smooth... | purposeprimary culture of the cavernous smooth muscle cells from corpus cavernous tissues is known to be difficult , mainly because of contamination with fibroblasts .
we applied a new method for better isolation of rat penile smooth muscle cells ( rpsmcs ) from rat corpus cavernosum tissue for reliable ex vivo resea... |
zizyphus lotus ( z. lotus ) , also known as jujube , belongs to the angiosperm rhamnaceae family .
this family includes about 135170 species of zizyphus . as a tropical and subtropical plant ,
z. lotus grows generally in arid and semiarid countries and is widely distributed in china , iran , africa , south korea , ... | zizyphus lotus , belonging to the rhamnaceae family , is a deciduous shrub which generally grows in arid and semiarid regions of the globe . in traditional medicine ,
z. lotus is used as antidiabetes , sedative , bronchitis , and antidiarrhea by local populations . recently ,
several scientific reports for health b... |
liver metastases are being diagnosed at earlier stages because of high - quality imaging techniques and regular follow - ups . among colorectal cancer cases , liver is the common site of metastasis .
colorectal liver metastasis ( clm ) is diagnosed in 20% of cases simultaneously with initial cancer because of their a... | background : associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy ( alpps ) is a novel surgical technique liver resection in traditionally nonresectable primary intrahepatic tumors or colorectal liver metastases.materials and methods : from june 2013 to march 2014 , patients with primary tumor of... |
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is the main cause of legal blindness ( visual acuity lower than 20/200 ) in the western world in people aged over 55 years .
it is a degenerative and progressive macular disease that results in loss of central vision with significant functional impairment .
the most severe... | purpose . to survey the management of patients with neovascular age - related macular degeneration ( nvamd ) in spain
. methods . an observational retrospective multicenter study was conducted .
the variables analyzed were sociodemographic characteristics , foveal and macular thickness , visual acuity ( va ) , type... |
over the last twenty years a number of scholars have been calling for a bioethics that is culturally sensitive .
many have been critical of traditional bioethics , arguing that it is dominated by the principles and methods of anglo - american philosophy which are too abstract and insensitive to social and cultural re... | in the last two decades , there have been numerous calls for a culturally sensitive bioethics . at the same time , bioethicists have become increasingly involved in empirical research , which is a sign of dissatisfaction with the analytic methods of traditional bioethics . in this article
, i will argue that although... |
primary salivary gland carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation are rare accounting for 3.5% of all malignant tumors and less than 1% of all carcinomas of parotid gland .
nicod reported the first case of carcinoid tumor of the parotid gland in a 51 year old lady . following this
there have been occasional re... | primary salivary gland carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation is of rare occurrence , especially so in the parotid gland . amongst the various reported primary tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation , acinic cell carcinoma ( acc ) one such tumor .
a 48 year old lady presented with a gradually increasing r... |
orthotopic liver transplant remains the treatment of choice for fulminant or acute liver failure and end - stage chronic liver deficiency .
etiologies of these liver failures are numerous , ranging from metabolic liver diseases , infectious causes , nonlife compatible large hepatectomy to alcohol hepatic pathology an... | we aimed at reviewing the various uses of nude mouse for the development of liver deficiency models and evaluation of efficacy of hepatic cell xenotransplantation . the first part records the large range of liver deficiency models that can be developed in nude mice : surgical partial hepatectomy , acute toxic liver def... |
perception of healthy body size and composition differs considerably across the globe , ethnic groups , cultures , and even inside medical community . during lifetime ,
these clearly represent a major health problem worldwide with over a billion persons , mostly women and children , suffering from hunger .
more per... | perception of healthy body size and composition differs considerably across the globe , ethnic groups , cultures , and even inside medical community .
although the concept of ideal body weight has evolved over the past decades , the observation that weight loss can have more deleterious effects within a short - term ... |
the quest for ideal fillers for soft tissue augmentation has resulted in the development of many diverse products with divergent augmentation strategies and mechanisms of action .
this is partially a testament to the fact that no one product will ideally suit the desires of all patients and all clinicians .
moreove... | in the quest for the ideal soft tissue filler , many diverse products have been developed .
the expanding market of available fillers is a testament that no one product will ideally suit all patients or clinicians .
in addition , the challenge of satisfying the criteria of an ideal filler has driven researchers t... |
the morphology of the root canal systems of mandibular molars may vary according to ethnic differences and origin , age , gender , and study design .
the knowledge of morphological characteristics and variations of root canal plays an important role in the success of endodontic diagnosis and treatment .
the quality... | objective : the aim of this retrospective study was to determine the root and canal morphology of the mandibular first and second permanent molars in a turkish population using cone - beam computed tomography ( cbct).materials and methods : cbct images of mandibular first ( n = 966 ) and second molar ( n = 1165 ) teeth... |
portal hypertension ( ph ) is a common clinical syndrome defined as the elevation of hepatic venous pressure gradient ( hvpg ) above 5 mm hg .
ph is caused by a combination of two simultaneous occurring hemodynamic processes : ( 1 ) increased intrahepatic resistance to passage of blood flow through the liver due to... | the portal hypertension is responsible for many of the manifestations of liver cirrhosis .
some of these complications are the direct consequences of portal hypertension , such as gastrointestinal bleeding from ruptured gastroesophageal varices and from portal hypertensive gastropathy and colopathy , ascites and hepa... |
the posterior parietal cortex ( ppc ) of primates has been shown to be important for multisensory space representation and the control of goal directed action ( culham et al . ,
traditionally , ppc has been considered a key node of the dorsal visual stream involved in the vision for action neural processing ( gooda... | research conducted over the last decades has established that the medial part of posterior parietal cortex ( ppc ) is crucial for controlling visually guided actions in human and non - human primates . within this cortical sector
there is area v6a , a crucial node of the parietofrontal network involved in arm movemen... |
the function of the metalloenzyme sod1 is to convert superoxide , a toxic by - product of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation , to water or hydrogen peroxide .
however , alteration in wild type sod1 expression or mutations in the gene have been held responsible for the activation of catabolic pathways associated ... | to determine the role of mutant sod1 gene ( sod1g93a ) on muscle cell differentiation , we derived c2c12 muscle cell lines carrying a stably transfected sod1g93a gene under the control of a myosin light chain ( mlc ) promoter - enhancer cassette .
expression of mlc / sod1g93a in c2c12 cells resulted in dramatic inhib... |
the implantation of polyether - polyurethane synthetic matrix has been used as a framework to induce fibrovascular tissue growth that has similarities with tissue formed in the physiological and pathological processes where angiogenesis , inflammation , and fibrogenesis are important concurrent processes .
this model... | there is considerable interest in implantation techniques and scaffolds for tissue engineering and , for safety and biocompatibility reasons , inflammation , angiogenesis , and fibrosis need to be determined .
the contribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( inos ) in the regulation of the foreign body reaction ... |
expression profiles were generated using affymetrix u133 plusv2 ( mrna human ) and 430v2 ( mrna mouse ) arrays and agilent mirna arrays ( human ) .
expression profiles of 53 human medulloblastomas and 76 glioblastomas were obtained from previously published studies29,30 .
cnas were validated by real - time pcr ( se... | understanding the biology that underlies histologically similar but molecularly distinct subgroups of cancer has proven difficult since their defining genetic alterations are often numerous , and the cellular origins of most cancers remain unknown13 . we sought to decipher this heterogeneity by integrating matched gene... |
we discuss the management of a patient after its recurrence , involving the upper respiratory tract i.e. nasopharynx and oropharynx , which compromised the airway .
the patient was referred for anesthesia on three different occasions with different presentations owing to the recurrence of symptoms .
the presence of... | rhinoscleroma is a rare entity encountered in anesthesia practice .
we discuss the management of a patient after its recurrence , involving the upper respiratory tract i.e. nasopharynx and oropharynx , which compromised the airway .
the pateint was referred for anesthesia on three different occasions with different... |
closure of wounds to achieve an esthetically pleasing result has always been a challenge . since time immemorial
the introduction of tissue adhesives heralded the era of suture free closures which led to better results .
the aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of octyl- 2-cyanoacrylate with that of the con... | introduction : closure of wounds to achieve an esthetically pleasing result has always been a challenge . since time immemorial
, surgeons have strived to produce invisible scars .
this , however , has always been elusive .
the introduction of tissue adhesives heralded the era of suture free closures which led ... |
mesothelial cells ( mc ) , which form the innermost monolayer of the peritoneal cavity , are critical in morphological and functional alterations of the peritoneal membrane in patients who undergo peritoneal dialysis ( pd ) . they are a major source of intraperitoneal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( mcp-1 ) which ... | human peritoneal mesothelial cells ( mc ) play an important role in inflammatory processes of the peritoneal cavity by producing various cytokines and chemokines , such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( mcp-1 ) .
the present study was designed to assess the effect of the peroxisome proliferator - activated rece... |
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