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they originate from granulation alterations producing a defect in the closure of the neural tube during the third to sixth week of gestation , at level surface of the ectoderm . at intracranial level
represents 0.21.8% of all tumor lesions ; they can be located intra- or extradurally , .
ieics are very rare ; as th... | highlightsepidermoid cysts are benign tumors -ieic - that originate in the spine or intracraneally.intradural compose 75% of epidermoid cysts and 25% are extradural in the diploic spaceieic.these benign lesions although they are of low incidence , are seen very rarely in intradiploic locations and above all , of signif... |
genital herpes is the most common sexually transmitted disease ( std ) in hiv - seropositive individuals . the severity of herpes infection increases in the presence of immunosuppression .
necrotic ulceration may appear at unusual sites and more extensive and chronic lesions may occur .
chronic ulcers caused by her... | retroviral infection is known to cause varied manifestation of any disease .
we report a 27-year - old female who presented with non - healing painful ulcer in the left hand of 6 months duration .
the patient was diagnosed as pyoderma gangrenosum and treated with immunosuppressant drugs .
one month later , she de... |
levetiracetam ( lev ) is an antiepileptic drug that is approved for use as adjunct treatment for partial epilepsy in patients aged 4 years and older , as well as for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in patients aged 12 years and older .
irritability and agitation are known behavioral side effects of lev , and it is repo... | behavioral symptoms are known side effects of levetiracetam . previous case series in children and adolescents
have demonstrated the potential effect of pyridoxine in ameliorating these symptoms .
we retrospectively reviewed the charts of 51 patients treated with pyridoxine to control agitation and irritability fol... |
clinical protocol - the protocol for this trial is available as
supplementary
data . the clinical study protocol and informed
consent were reviewed and approved by the ethical committee at the university of
campinas ( caae 3652.0.000.146 - 08 ) .
this committee is accredited by the brazilian
national counci... | the recommended treatment for latent tuberculosis ( tb ) infection in adults is a daily
dose of isoniazid ( inh ) 300 mg for six months . in brazil ,
inh was formulated as 100
mg tablets .
the treatment duration and the high pill burden compromised patient
adherence to the treatment .
the brazilian national... |
colorectal cancer ( crc ) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females ( 10% and 9.2% of the total cancer incidence , respectively ) , according to globocan worldwide estimates of cancer incidence for 2012 .
there is wide geographical variation in the incidence across the world , and... | the incidence trends of colorectal cancer have varied over time , and there is wide geographical variation across the world . regarding colorectal cancer , diverse modifiable environmental or intrinsic risk factors have been investigated .
this review summarizes the effects of both dietary intake of vitamin d and cal... |
monolayers of transition
metal dichalcogenides are interesting
materials for optoelectronic devices due to their direct electronic
band gaps in the visible spectral range . here , we grow single layers
of mos2 on au(111 ) and find that nanometer - sized patches
exhibit an electronic structure similar to their... | |
nearly two decades ago , brand - miller and colagiuri published the carnivore connection hypothesis , proposing that dietary carbohydrate , both quantity and quality , played a critical role in the natural history of type 2 diabetes .
we proposed that low glucose intake associated with a low - carbohydrate , high - p... | the carnivore connection hypothesizes that , during human evolution , a scarcity of dietary carbohydrate in diets with low plant : animal subsistence ratios led to insulin resistance providing a survival and reproductive advantage with selection of genes for insulin resistance .
the selection pressure was relaxed... |
today , burnout syndrome is defined as a psychological syndrome of emotional exhaustion , depersonalization , and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among people who work with the general public in some capacity .
a key aspect of burnout syndrome is an increased feeling of emotional exhaustion because as ... | objectivethe objective of this narrative review is to discuss the potential for burnout in chiropractic practitioners .
this discussion is grounded in the job demands - resource model , the conservation of resources model , the unique profession - specific stressors experienced by chiropractors , and information from... |
mutagenesis and protein preparation an expression vector containing full - length rat wild - type p97 ( ptrc his b p97 ) with an n - terminal his6 tag was constructed , and point mutations to the walker a motif ( k251a and k524a ) and the srh motif ( r359a and r635a ) were introduced by the quikchange method ( stratag... | p97 , an essential chaperone in endoplasmic reticulum - associated degradation and organelle biogenesis , contains two aaa domains ( d1 and d2 ) and assembles as a stable hexamer .
we present a quantitative analysis of nucleotide binding to both d1 and d2 domains of p97 , the first detailed study of nucleotide bindin... |
congenital anomalies of the pulmonary veins are rare.[13 ] pseudo - scimitar syndrome or meandering tortuous right superior pulmonary vein means an anomalous course of the vessel which may not be the sole draining vessel of the ipsilateral lung .
it is a very rare entity and can be wrongly labeled as scimitar syndr... | the pulmonary venous abnormalities are very rare and are difficult to diagnose .
we present a case of middle age male who presented with cough and chest pain .
chest radiograph showed abnormal tortuous vessel in right lung .
computed tomographic angiography of chest demonstrated meandering anomalous right superio... |
two adjacent 14.5 ha fields of cotton were selected for the study near pantego , nc in 2011 ( dp 1028 b2rf ) and 2012 ( dg 2570 b2rf ) .
the fields were separated by a 0.9-m ditch and surrounded on three sides by cotton and on one side by a road , with more cotton across the road .
sampling grids were marked every ... | sampling of herbivorous stink bugs in southeastern u.s .
cotton remains problematic .
remote sensing was explored to improve sampling of these pests and associated boll injury .
two adjacent 14.5-ha cotton fields were grid sampled in 2011 and 2012 by collecting stink bug adults and bolls every week during the thi... |
coronoid hyperplasia is a rare condition which is macroscopically characterized by an increase in the dimensions of the coronoid process , resulting from an abnormal bony elongation of histologically normal bone .
the most obvious clinical feature of this condition is reduced mouth opening associated with facial asym... | coronoid hyperplasia is a rare disorder , which effectively is a mechanical problem associated with limited mouth opening . in some cases , enlarged
coronoid pushes the zygoma forward causing facial asymmetry .
this article looks at the case of a 15-year - old boy reporting in opd of government college of dentistry... |
odontogenic carcinosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor that is a mixture of odontogenic carcinoma and sarcoma , such that both epithelial and mesenchymal components show malignant activity12345 .
either purely epithelial or mesenchymal or a mixture of both tissues may form neoplastic lesions . clinically , t... | odontogenic carcinosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant odontogenic tumor with only a few reported cases .
it is characterized by a true mixed tumor showing malignant cytology of both epithelial and mesenchymal components .
it has been assumed to arise from pre - existing lesions such as ameloblastoma , ameloblas... |
it possesses zoonotic potential in ecological niches and spreads rapidly within populations of its natural hosts ; humans , birds , and pigs .
classical swine h1n1 influenza virus has been circulating in the usa pig populations and was the dominant strains with invariable gene content , only slightly affected by gene... | please cite this paper as : evseenko et al .
( 2011 ) genetic composition of contemporary swine influenza viruses in the west central region of the united states of america .
influenza and other respiratory viruses doi : 10.1111/j.17502659.2010.00189.x .
background because of continuous circulation in differen... |
pulmonary arterial hypertension ( pah ) is a cardiovascular complication that causes death in thalassemic patients .
pah in thalassemia was reported with a high incidence in several studies.14 there was evidence that pah in thalassemia is associated with platelet activation.57 acetylsalicylic acid ( asa ) lowers the ... | objectiveto compare pulmonary artery systolic pressure ( pasp ) between thalassemic patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension ( pah ) for whom acetylsalicylic acid ( asa ) was and
was not prescribed after 1 year.methodsa retrospective cohort study was conducted at the hematological outpatient clinic at chiang rai... |
laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( lc ) has been a standard operation and replaced the open cholecystectomy ( oc ) rapidly because the technique resulted in less pain , smaller incision , and faster recovery . from 1987 ,
in which year mouret performed the first lc , the new technique developed fast . despite the benefit... | background : laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( lc ) has been a standard operation and replaced the open cholecystectomy ( oc ) rapidly because the technique resulted in less pain , smaller incision , and faster recovery .
this study was to evaluate the value of blunt dissection in preventing bile duct injury ( bdi ) in ... |
distal radius fractures are one of the the most common adult fractures encountered during the clinical practice of an orthopedic surgeon.12 although several methods of treatment are suggested for these fractures , there are still controversies about the best treatment approach in the literature .
currently , open red... | background : distal radius fractures are one of the the most common adult fractures encountered during the clinical practice of an orthopedic surgeon.12 although several methods of treatment are suggested for these fractures , there are still controversies about the best treatment approach in the literature .
volar p... |
progress has been made in understanding the nature of root canal infection and periapical diseases .
advances in techniques and materials increase the success of surgical intervention in cases of failure of conventional root canal treatment or retreatment6 . during periradicular surgery
, residual soft tissues surr... | the present study aimed to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial effect of mta dentsply , mta angelus , calcium hydroxide and portland cement .
four reference bacterial strains were used : pseudomonas aeruginosa , escherichia coli , bacteroides fragilis , and enterococcus faecalis .
plates containing mueller - hin... |
almost two hundred years after edward jenner 's landmark publication showing the efficacy of prophylactic immunization for smallpox1 , a worldwide campaign successfully eradicated this dread disease that produced a 30 per cent mortality after infection and resulted in 10 per cent of the world 's blind .
much of the s... | one of the most celebrated achievements of immunology and modern medicine is the eradication of the dreaded plague smallpox . from the introduction of smallpox vaccination by edward jenner , to its popularization by louis pasteur , to the eradication effort led by donald henderson , this story has many lessons for us t... |
hematopoietic cell transplantation ( hct ) is a well - documented and proven life - saving treatment for patients with malignant and nonmalignant disorders in need of cellular replacement therapy with healthy autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell ( hsc ) and hematopoietic progenitor cell ( hpc ) .
hscs and... | dipeptidylpeptidase ( dpp ) 4 , also known as cd26 , is an enzyme present on the surface of a number of different cell types .
it is also found within cells and as a soluble protein in body fluids .
it can specifically truncate proteins at the penultimate n - terminus residue for some amino acids , such as alanine ... |
mantle cell lymphoma ( mcl ) is a mature neoplasm of the b lymphocytes classified under the category of indolent nonhodgkin lymphomas ( nhl ) . however , unlike other indolent forms of nhl , mcl behaves more aggressively despite treatment 1 .
mcl comprises about 67 percent of adult nhls in the united states and europ... | key clinical messageascites with the finding of peritoneal carcinomatosis is considered an unusual presentation for mantle cell lymphoma ( mcl ) and has been rarely described in literature .
this case reflects the importance of cytological analysis of peritoneal fluid in a patient with intractable ascites not contrib... |
thyroid carcinoma usually presents as a palpable thyroid nodule or a nodule that is discovered incidentally on neck imaging for evaluation because of another reason .
the rate of malignancy for a thyroid nodule is of only 4 - 5% [ 2 , 3 ] .
the prevalence of thyroid nodules increases with age and is estimated to ... | thyroid cancer is the endocrine tumor that bears the highest incidence with 33 550 new cases per year .
it bears an excellent prognosis with a mortality of 1530 patients per year ( jemal et al . ;
2007 ) .
we have been treating patients with thyroid carcinoma during many years without many innovations .
recent... |
berberine , one of the main constituents of rhizoma coptidis , is usually used to treat bacterial diarrhea in china , and it has also been used to treat diabetes for thousands of years in traditional chinese medicine . in 1988 , the glucose - lowering effect of berberine was reported when 60 diabetic patients were trea... | summaryberberine , one of the main constituents of a chinese traditional herb used to treat bacterial diarrhea , has an effect of lowering glucose , which has been recently confirmed by many studies .
however , the mechanism of berberine s antidiabetic effect has not yet been well explained .
recent evidence sugges... |
retinitis pigmentosa ( rp ) is known to be caused by various genetic changes in the components of the phototransduction pathway .
some genetic changes may alter rod cells to be more susceptible to oxidative damage in the retina , which is exposed directly to the effects of light , leading to progressive retinal degen... | to evaluate the effect of chlorogenic acid supplementation in patients with retinitis pigmentosa , we evaluated objective change in visual function with multifocal electroretinography , along with visual acuity , visual field , standard electroretinography , and contrast sensitivity .
eighteen patients diagnosed with... |
multiple sclerosis ( ms ) is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology , primarily targeting the myelin sheaths of neuronal axons in the central nervous system .
the strongest and earliest identified genetic association with ms is within the major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) , localizing to hla - dr2 ( drb1 ... | to identify genes and biologically relevant pathways associated with risk to develop multiple sclerosis ( ms ) , the genome - wide association studies noise reduction method ( gwas - nr ) was applied to ms genotyping data .
regions of association were defined based on the significance of linkage disequilibrium blocks... |
many studies have shown that lyric / aeg-1 has a pivotal role in the development and progression of tumourigenesis ( brown and ruoslahti , 2004 ; chen et al . ; emdad et al . , 2009 ; hu et al . , 2009 ; jiang et al . , 2012 ;
, 2011 ; song et al . , 2009 ; wang et al . , 2011 ; xia et al . ; yoo et al . , 20... | the pivotal role of lyric / aeg-1 in malignant transformation , tumourigenesis and chemo - resistance has previously been demonstrated in different cell types and sub - cellular compartments .
the localisation of lyric / aeg-1 appears crucial to its function and is regulated by three lysine - rich nuclear localisatio... |
the main incentive for all efforts and developments in human societies is to improve and maintain human health ( 1 ) .
the health of the general population depends on improving the health of pregnant women and infants ( 2 ) .
every year there are 132 million births in the world ( 3 ) , providing high - quality and ... | introductionthe world health organization ( who ) responsiveness model showing the ability of health systems in fulfilling people s expectations in connection with nonclinical aspects is an appropriate pattern to assess healthcare . the purpose of this study was to determine the status of pregnancy care provisions base... |
obtaining accurate and repeatable measurements of anterior segment parameters is a mandatory step in achieving the best outcomes in refractive anterior segment surgery .
the corneal power ( k ) value is entered into any intraocular lens ( iol ) power formula [ 14 ] , while corneal astigmatism measurements are needed ... | purpose . to assess
the consistency of anterior segment measurements obtained using a sirius scheimpflug / placido photography - based topography system ( cso , italy ) and iolmaster partial coherence interferometry ( carl zeiss meditec , germany ) in eyes with cataracts . methods .
a total of 90 eyes of 90 patient... |
these are the malignant neoplasms mainly affecting lymph nodes , spleen and other nonhematopoietic tissues .
they are divided into hodgkin 's and non - hodgkin 's subtypes and are of b - cell or t - cell origin .
the majority of hodgkin 's lymphomas presents as a nodal disease involving mainly cervical and axillary... | lymphomas are the group of neoplasms originating from lymphoreticular system mainly from lymph nodes , among them up to 40% of non - hodgkin 's lymphomas present extra nodally . in oral cavity , lymphomas are least common and account for 35% of all malignancies , presenting mainly in older age groups with male predomin... |
the foundation of all known life , deoxyribonucleic acid ( dna ) , performs the fundamental task of storing an organism s genetic information . in recent times , however , it has attracted attention due to its possible applications in biotechnology and nano - electronics . of particular interest to scientists
is the ... | we investigate the current voltage relationship and the temperature - dependent conductance of nano - scale samples of poly(da)poly(dt ) dna molecules .
a polaron hopping model has been used to calculate the i v characteristic of nano - scale samples of dna .
this model agrees with the data for current versus vol... |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) is associated with a two- to threefold increased risk of cardiovascular events.1,2 in fact , autopsy studies revealed cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) as the most frequent , but undetected and potentially modifiable , cause of death in patients with copd.3 the underlying mec... | backgroundchronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk .
however , the mechanisms for this association are yet unclear .
the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between brachial intima - media thickness ( b - imt ) , an independent predictor of... |
since the development of chlorpromazine in the 1950s antipsychotic drugs have been the primary treatment choice for schizophrenia .
the common pharmacological antagonism of dopamine ( da ) d2 receptors by all antipsychotics and direct link with clinical improvement led to the theory of excess dopaminergic neurotransm... | the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia remains the primary theoretical framework for the pharmacological treatment of the disorder . despite various lines of evidence of dopaminergic abnormalities and reasonable efficacy of current antipsychotic medication , a significant proportion of patients show suboptimal treatm... |
to cope with an ever - increasing number of published scientific articles that are spread over a likewise growing number of scientific journals , new effective and easy - to - use tools are required to support scientists to stay up - to - date with the new findings in their specific area of research as well as to give ... | since it is becoming increasingly laborious to manually extract useful information embedded in the ever - growing volumes of literature , automated intelligent text analysis tools are becoming more and more essential to assist in this task .
pubfinder ( ) is a publicly available web tool designed to improve the retri... |
the fraction of no in exhaled air ( feno ) has been shown to be related the well to degree of eosinophil inflammation in the airways .
several studies have reported good correlations between feno levels and sputum eosinophils , as well as degree of bronchial hyperreactivity ( bhr ) .
accordingly , feno has been sho... | background .
measurement of fraction of exhaled nitric oxide ( feno ) is a promising tool to increase validity in epidemiological studies of asthma .
the association between airway inflammation and feno has , however , only been examined in clinical settings and may be biased by selection of patients with asthma . ... |
pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis ( pam ) is a very rare diffuse and chronic lung disease , characterized by the presence or deposition of small spherical calcium phosphate bodies containing concentric calcareous lamellas in pulmonary alveoli .
although the etiology still remains not clear , pam is considered to have... | pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis ( pam ) is a very rare diffuse chronic lung disease characterized by deposition of small spherules of calcium phosphate within the alveolar cavity .
the disease is usually seen from birth up to 40 years of age and is usually diagnosed incidentally during radiography of the chest for ... |
post - fusion lumbar flatback deformity with global sagittal imbalance causes gait disturbances , chronic low back and refered leg pain , and reduced quality of life .
the incidence of patients requiring lumbar corrective osteotomy for post - fusion lumbar flatback deformity with sagittal imbalance is increasing as t... | objectivesto review surgical results of post - fusion lumbar flatback treated with pedicle subtraction osteotomy ( pso ) or smith - petersen osteotomies ( spos).methodstwenty - eight patients underwent osteotomies .
radiological outcomes by sagittal vertical axis ( sva ) , and pelvic tilt ( pt ) , t1 pelvic angle ( t... |
in 1983 , barry j. marshall and j. robin warren discovered helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) in the gastric epithelium of patients with chronic active gastritis .
infection with h. pylori plays a key role in the pathogenesis of a number of gastroduodenal and other diseases [ 29 ] .
colonization of the gastric mucos... | summarybackgroundpretreatment with a proton pump inhibitor ( ppi ) reportedly decreases the efficacy of helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) eradication , however , the effect of pretreatment with an h2 receptor antagonist ( h2ra ) on h. pylori eradication has not yet been studied .
we compared the efficacy of eradicati... |
it is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder , which is caused by the philadelphia ( ph ) chromosome that produces the constitutively active bcr - abl tyrosine kinase .
tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( tkis ) act by competitive inhibition of adenosine triphosphate ( atp ) that binds to bcr - abl .
imatinib is the first t... | the outcome and quality of life of chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) patients has remarkably changed with the treatment of tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( tkis ) . currently , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( hsct ) is considered mainly as a third line salvage therapy in cases of tkis resistance or intolerance . h... |
congenital hypothyroidism ( ch ) occurs in babies who are born without the ability to produce adequate amount of thyroid hormones .
the remaining 1020% of cases are due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis or defects in the intermediary steps of thyroid hormone biosynthesis .
studies have shown that thyroid dyshormonogenes... | congenital hypothyroidism ( ch ) with multinodular goiter ( mng ) is uncommonly seen in children .
however , ch associated with goiter is often caused by defective thyroid peroxidase ( tpo ) gene . in this study , we screened for mutation(s ) in the tpo gene in two siblings with ch and mng and their healthy family me... |
brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that accounts for huge loses to the livestock sector and poses a serious threat to public health .
the disease is caused by bacteria of the genus brucella , a member of the -2 proteobacteria .
brucellae are gram - negative , facultative , intracellular bacteria that can i... | brucellosis is the most frequent zoonotic disease worldwide , with over 500,000 new human infections every year .
brucella melitensis , the most virulent species in humans , primarily affects goats and the zoonotic transmission occurs by ingestion of unpasteurized milk products or through direct contact with fetal ti... |
typical pulmonary carcinoids , in general , have good prognosis in contrast to atypical carcinoids .
it is important if this differentiation can be made in the preoperative stage as it has therapeutic as well as prognostic implications . to date ,
structural imaging findings are similar in both and differentiation ... | abstractpulmonary carcinoids are histologically classified into typical and atypical .
it is important to identify these preoperatively for treatment planning and prognosis .
structural imaging can not conclusively differentiate between them .
the aim of this study was to assess the possibility of differentiating... |
ectopic pancreas is generally well - developed and normally organized pancreatic tissue located outside the pancreas , without anatomic or vascular connections with the true pancreas .
the incidence of ectopic pancreas at all sites has been estimated to be 0.5513.7% in an autopsy series .
the incidence of ectopic p... | ectopic pancreas is frequently found in the gastrointestinal tract .
lesions comprise well - developed and normally organized pancreatic tissue outside the pancreas , without anatomic or vascular connections with the true pancreas .
most patients with ectopic pancreas are asymptomatic or exhibit nonspecific symptom... |
there is a significantly higher prevalence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) than in the general population,1,2 and their depressive symptoms have high rates of recurrence and chronicity.3 furthermore , psychological disorders affect treatment choices , self - management , and short- and... | objectivethe aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of type d personality and assess the relationship between this personality type and self - efficacy / social support in chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2dm).patients and methodsfrom january 1 , 2014 , to july 31 , 2014 , 532 consecutive pat... |
pulpstones are a group of calcified masses in the dental pulp of healthy , diseased and unerupted teeth
. stones may exist either freely within the pulp tissue or be attached to or embedded in dentin .
the size may vary from a small microscopic particle to large masses that almost obliterate the pulp chamber .
tw... | aim : the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of pulp stones in a group of the population of andhra pradesh .
this study also aims to determine the association of pulp stones in different sexes , tooth type , dental arches and sides and with systemic diseases.materials and methods : a total of 4449 teet... |
mucopolysaccharidosis - i ( mps i ) is a lysosomal storage disorder inherited as an autosomal - recessive condition and is caused due to deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme 1-iduronidase , which results in the progressive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans ( gag ) within the lysosomes , subsequently leading to multiorga... | mucopolysaccharidosis i ( mps i ) is a rare inherited disorder that belongs to a group of clinically progressive disorders and is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme , 1-iduronidase .
mps i has been recently classified into a severe ( hurler syndrome ) and an attenuated type ( hurler - scheie and scheie ... |
most insulinomas are benign , single and small , measuring less than 2 cm in diameter .
differentiation between benign and malignant insulinomas by histologic finding was difficult , therefore malignant insulinomas were diagnosed only by metastasis to lymph nodes or other organs .
hence we report a patient of a lar... | malignant insulinoma in the beta cells of the pancreatic islet is rare and usually presented as hypoglycemia .
we report a case of large malignant insulinoma in a 53-year - old korean woman .
a presumptive clinical diagnosis was made before surgery , based on the high plasma insulin - to - glucose ratio and a large... |
post - operative pain is the main cause of morbidity following tonsillectomy . despite recent efforts , it is still very difficult to provide sufficient analgesia for most patients .
establishment of good analgesia is important in the postoperative period after adenotonsillectomy , and numerous drug comparison studie... | summarybackgroundsurface electromyographic ( semg ) study of post - tonsillectomy swallow - evoked muscular reactions was performed in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxycodone and dexamethasone in pain management after tonsillectomy.material/methods90 randomly chosen operated adults were divided into thre... |
global regulatory networks control most cellular decisions , including differentiation , stress response , and environmental adaptation .
these networks frequently have a specific bow - tie organization where multiple inputs and outputs are connected to a core process or a regulator ( csete and doyle , 2004 ) . in ... | summaryregulatory networks play a central role in the relationship between genotype and phenotype in all organisms . however , the mechanisms that underpin the evolutionary plasticity of these networks remain poorly understood . here , we used experimental selection for enhanced bacterial motility in a porous environme... |
currently , the medicare outpatient pps pays a fixed amount for a limited bundle of routine , dialysis - related services , known as the composite rate ( cr ) .
dialysis facilities are allowed to bill medicare separately for other covered services furnished to esrd patients .
congress has required cms to develop an... | congress has required cms to expand the medicare outpatient prospective payment system ( pps ) for dialysis services to include as many drugs and diagnostic procedures provided to end stage renal disease ( esrd ) patients as possible .
one important implementation question is whether dialysis facility case mix should... |
the obturator nerve arises from the anterior division of the ventral rami of the second , third , and fourth lumbar nerves in the lumbar plexus .
the branch originating from the third lumbar nerve is the largest and is distributed in the skin of the abductor muscles and thigh .
it descends through the psoas major m... | objectiveobturator neuropathy is a rare condition .
many neurosurgeons are unfamiliar with the obturator nerve anatomy .
the purpose of this study was to define obturator nerve landmarks around the obturator foramen.methodsfourteen cadavers were studied bilaterally to measure the distances from the nerve root to re... |
however , patients without any comorbid anomalies or patients with a mild form of this disease can reach adulthood .
no significant etiological factors have been found in patients , and thus genetic , teratogenic , and mechanical factors have been thought to be responsible .
since it is rarely observed in adulthood... | pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly , the etiology of which is not clearly known .
other systemic comorbidities such as cardiovascular , gastrointestinal , musculoskeletal , and urogenital system anomalies can be observed in more than half of the patients .
it is usually diagnosed during childhood .
d... |
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is one of the fastest growing public health problems imposing a high burden on dm patients and high financial burden on healthcare systems .
recent estimates of the international diabetes federation ( idf ) predicted that the number of adults with diabetes is expected to rise worldwide from 3... | the objective of this study was to describe the reported diabetes mellitus ( dm ) prevalence rates of the 2079-year - old population in colombia from 2009 to 2012 reported by the healthcare system .
information on number of patients treated for dm was obtained by the integral information system of social protection (... |
cytokines are produced by many types of cells including immune cells ( e.g. , macrophages , lymphocytes , and mast cells ) , endothelial cells , fibroblasts , and stromal cells .
current cytokine assays are designed to measure cross - sectional , peripheral cytokine concentrations , regardless of the source of the cy... | there is mounting evidence that inflammation is a major factor in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia .
inflammatory status is commonly ascertained by measuring peripheral cytokine concentrations .
an issue concerning research on inflammation and schizophrenia relates to assay methodology .
enzyme - linked immun... |
despite the diverse etiologies of renal parenchymal calcification ( nephrocalcinosis ) , nephrocalcinosis combined with electrolyte imbalance of hypokalemia can narrow down the differential diagnosis into hereditary tubulopathy such as bartter 's syndrome , chronic laxative or diuretic abuse , type 1 renal tubular acid... | although renal calcium crystal deposits ( nephrocalcinosis ) may occur in acute phosphate poisoning as well as type 1 renal tubular acidosis ( rta ) , hyperphosphatemic hypocalcemia is common in the former while normocalcemic hypokalemia is typical in the latter .
here , as a unique coexistence of these two seperated... |
infants born in south asia tend to have lower mean birth weights than infants born elsewhere in the world , including those born in other low - income countries.1 this is , in part , thought to reflect poor maternal nutrition throughout their life course , including during pregnancy .
however , infants born in high -... | backgroundprevious studies have shown markedly lower birth weight among infants of south asian origin compared with those of white european origin .
whether such differences mask greater adiposity in south asian infants and whether they persist across generations in contemporary uk populations is unclear .
our aim ... |
erythropoietin ( epo ) or hematopoietin , a member of the type1cytokine superfamily , is a glycoprotein hormone , which is responsible for the regulation of erythropoiesis through inhibiting of apoptosis , proliferation and differentiation of erythroid precursor cells .
discovery of epo and epo receptor in neural cel... | objective(s):erythropoietin ( epo ) , is a 34kda glycoprotein hormone , which belongs to type 1 cytokine superfamily .
epo involves in erythrocyte maturation through inhibition of apoptosis in erythroid cells . besides its main function
, protective effects of epo in heart and brain tissues have been reported .
e... |
malaria , a disease caused by a protozoan pathogen of the genus plasmodium , remains one of the most devastating human diseases , causing as many as 250 million new cases and nearly one million deaths annually worldwide .
this disease is especially worrisome in africa , where one out of every five infant deaths is re... | malaria continues to be a major cause of children 's morbidity and mortality worldwide , causing nearly one million deaths annually .
the human malaria parasite , plasmodium falciparum , synthesizes fatty acids employing the type ii fatty acid biosynthesis system ( fas ii ) , unlike humans that rely on the type i ( f... |
hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) and hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infections cause morbidity and mortality in haemodialysis patients . prolonged vascular exposure and multiple blood transfusions
contaminated devices , equipments , and supplies , environmental surfaces , and attending personnel may also play a crucial role in t... | hepatitis b ( hbv ) and hepatitis c ( hcv ) viruses are the most important causes of chronic liver disease in patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis .
the prevalence of hepatitis infection among hemodialysis patients is high and varies between countries and between dialysis units within a single countr... |
these are worsened by curettage and so a high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis .
only two cases of hysteroscopic findings in arteriovenous malformations have been reported in literature so far .
we present a case of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation , which showed a characteristic pulsatile v... | arteriovenous malformations are a rare but important cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in the midlife . acquired uterine
arteriovenous malformations are being increasingly diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound , color doppler and magnetic resonance angiography .
we present a case where the suspected diagnosis was p... |
stomach cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world and approximately one million new cases were reported in 2012 .
the current global trend of stomach cancer incidence has shown a substantial decline since 1975 , when stomach cancer was the world s most common cancer .
although stomach cancer incidence rat... | stomach cancer is the second most common cancer in eastern asia , accounting for approximately 50% of all new cases of stomach cancer worldwide .
our objective was to compare the stomach cancer incidence rates of asian americans in los angeles with those of native asians to assess the etiology of stomach cancer from ... |
rauwolfia serpentina ( family : apocynaceae ) is a medicinally important herb commonly known as indian snake root .
it has been used for centuries in ayurvedic medicines because of their valuable therapeutic actions especially in the treatment of hypertension and psychotic disorders like schizophrenia , anxiety , ins... | a sensitive and selective uplc - ms / ms method was developed and validated for the determination of three indolic alkaloids ( reserpine , rescinnamine , and yohimbine ) in human plasma using papaverine as internal standard ( is ) .
after a one step protein precipitation with acetonitrile , separation was carried out... |
we enrolled 54 patients ( 25 men and 29 women ; mean age : 29.3 years ; age range : 13 - 80 years ) who underwent a cr , followed by a ssdr of the lower extremities at our hospital between january 2003 and march 2007 .
the crs were performed between january 2003 and june 2006 , whereas the ssdrs were performed betwee... | objectiveto compare the slot - scan digital radiography ( ssdr ) of the lower extremity region and the computed radiography ( cr ) method with respect to the image quality and radiation exposure.materials and methodswe enrolled 54 patients who underwent both the ssdr and cr of the lower extremities .
the study evalua... |
the human oral cavity , much like the rest of the human body , is home to its own microbiota consisting of over 750 species of commensal bacteria , viruses , and fungi , including mutans streptococci ( mainly streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus ) , which are associated with caries initiation and progression... | there are over 750 species of bacteria that inhabit the human oral cavity , but only a small fraction of those are attributed to causing plaque - related diseases such as caries .
streptococcus mutans is accepted as the main cariogenic agent and there is substantial knowledge regarding the specific virulence factors ... |
as science and technology advance providing health , medical , and social benefits to much of society the ethical considerations related to how society uses these advances become apparent . for example , progress in genetic sequencing technologies has led to improved diagnosis , and in some cases treatment , of certa... | personalized genetic testing ( pgt ) has been used by some educational institutions as a pedagogical tool for teaching human genetics .
while work has been done that examines the potential for pgt to improve students interest and understanding of the science involved in genetic testing , there has been less dialogue ... |
the california women 's health survey is an ongoing , monthly telephone survey that collects information on health - related behavior and attitudes from randomly selected adult women ( 8,9 ) .
trained staff interviewed participants in 2000 ( n = 4,012 ) and 2003 ( n = 4,004 ) in english ( n = 7,058 ) or spanish ( n =... | to our knowledge , previous population - based surveys have not assessed misconceptions about antibacterial drug use over time .
we documented a 26.3% decline in a key misconception in california women in 2003 compared to 2000 ; declines varied significantly by education level . educational campaigns specifically des... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) remains the most widespread and deadly infectious disease worldwide , and it has been recently declared as a great emergency by the world health organization ( who ) . unfortunately , 8.99.9 million new cases of tb were reported in 2008 , while 1.11.7 million human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv)-nega... | summarybackgroundample evidence suggests that host genetic factors affect human susceptibility to tuberculosis . the natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 ( nramp1 ) gene seems to play a role in the pathophysiology of a number of intracellular infections , including mycobacteria .
a case - control study... |
cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality throughout the world , accounting for 17.3 million deaths / year .
a large number of studies have proven that the epidemiology , clinical manifestations , and clinical prognosis of coronary artery disease ( cad ) have sex - related differences . in the past 30 ... | background : multislice computed tomography ( msct ) coronary angiography ( cag ) is a noninvasive technique with a reported high diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery disease ( cad ) .
women , more frequently than men , are known to develop atypical angina symptoms .
the purpose of this study was to investigate ... |
extracellular matrix ( ecm ) remodeling through cell - ecm interactions is a critical step of many biological and pathological processes such as embryonic development , angiogenesis , wound healing , and cancer cell metastasis .
for instance , when cancer cells move through a dense ecm , they can generate actomyosin ... | extracellular matrix ( ecm ) remodeling is a critical step of many biological and pathological processes .
however , most of the studies to date lack a quantitative method to measure ecm remodeling at a scale comparable to cell size . here , we applied image spatial correlation to collagen second harmonic generation ... |
oxo clusters of the general composition
tiaob(or)c(oocr)d
are obtained when titanium alkoxides , ti(or)4 , are treated with more than one molar
equivalent of a carboxylic acid.1 the carboxylic acid not only
provides carboxylate ligands but also acts as an in situ water source through esterification with
the e... | the mixed - metal oxo clusters
feti5o4(oipr)4(omc)10 ( omc =
methacrylate ) ,
zn2ti4o4(oipr)2(omc)10 ,
cd4ti2o2(oac)2(omc)10(hoipr)2 ,
[ ca2ti4o4(oac)2(omc)10]n ,
and
[ sr2ti4o4(omc)12(homc)2]n
were obtained from the reaction of titanium alkoxides with the corresponding metal acetates and
methacrylic ... |
bone morphogenetic proteins ( bmps ) are critical for normal intestinal homeostasis , counteracting wnt signaling toward the top of crypts , and allowing differentiation ( scoville et al . , 2008 ) . bmp antagonists , notably grem1 , are expressed in the mesenchyme at the crypt base , restricting bmp activity , potent... | summarya rare germline duplication upstream of the bone morphogenetic protein antagonist grem1 causes a mendelian - dominant predisposition to colorectal cancer ( crc ) .
the underlying disease mechanism is strong , ectopic grem1 overexpression in the intestinal epithelium . here
, we confirm that a common grem1 p... |
congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( cah ) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder of adrenal steroid synthesis , in which glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiencies lead to a compensatory increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone ( acth ) secretion , which in turn causes adrenocortical hyperplasia and overprod... | testicular adrenal rest tumors ( tarts ) are considered to be formed from aberrant adrenal tissue that has become hyperplastic because of elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone ( acth ) in male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( cah ) . a 6-year - old boy presented with testicular enlargement and pubic hair .... |
sepsis is systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( sirs ) resulting from a wide spectrum of infectious agents .
this condition can further lead to severe sepsis and septic shock , and now it is the focus and challenge of critical care medicine ( 1,2 ) .
recent data have shown that 18 million of new sepsis cases oc... | background : multiple severity scoring systems have been devised and evaluated in adult sepsis , but a simplified scoring model for pediatric sepsis has not yet been developed .
this study aimed to develop and validate a new scoring model to stratify the severity of pediatric sepsis , thus assisting the treatment of ... |
control of the fouling
properties of biomaterials , e.g. , protein
adsorption and cell adhesion , is essential for ultimate functioning
of these materials as implants and prostheses .
functional
antifouling properties are most frequently added through physisorption
or chemical tethering of nonfouling moieti... | fouling properties
of new biomaterials are important for the performance
of a material in a biological environment . here , a set of three supramolecular
polymeric additives consisting of ureidopyrimidinone ( upy)-functionalized
poly(ethylene glycol ) ( upypeg ) were formulated with upy - modified polycaprolact... |
the incidence of obesity defined as body mass index ( bmi ) 30 kg / m has increased drastically worldwide during recent decades .
obesity is associated with a cluster of metabolic disorders , including increased risk of insulin resistance , type 2 diabetes ( t2 dm ) , hypertension , dyslipidemia , and cardiovascula... | obesity is associated closely with the metabolic syndrome ( ms ) .
it is well known that obesity - induced chronic inflammation plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of ms .
white adipose tissue ( at ) is the primary site for the initiation and exacerbation of obesity - associated inflammation .
exploring ... |
cortistatin a is a marine steroid with highly selective and perhaps mechanistically unique antiangiogenic activity .
herein we report a synthesis of this natural product by way of cortistatinone , an intermediate ideally suited for investigating the key pharmacophore of the cortistatin family .
the synthesis begi... | |
a 43-year - old male with a history of uncontrolled hypertension was admitted to our neuroscience intensive care unit form an outside institution with a diagnosis of a hunt & hess grade 4/fisher grade 3 sah ( fig .
an evd was placed on admission and a digital subtraction angiography ( dsa ) was performed which demons... | the complex morphology of vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysms makes them one of the most challenging lesions treated by neurointerventionists .
different management strategies in the past included parent vessel occlusion with or without extra - intracranial bypass surgery and endovascular reconstruction by conventiona... |
lynch syndrome ( also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer [ hnpcc ] ) results from mutations in mismatch repair genes ( mlh1 , msh2 , msh6 , or pms2 ) and is associated with a variety of extra - colonic sites , like endometrium , stomach , ovaries , urinary tract and kidneys , biliary tract , pancreas , ... | lynch syndrome is a genetic malignancy syndrome affecting the colon , endometrium , and other organs .
it is difficult to find a lynch syndrome patient without any family history of cancer .
we have recently examined an endometrial cancer patient with a msh2 gene mutation without a family history of cancer .
a 55... |
this concise review presents an expanded summary of discussions held during a symposium entitled maintenance of an efficient and equilibrated immune system through the novel use of natural health products and that was the object of a recent meeting report ( 1 ) .
the symposium brought together between 20 and 30 scie... | the immune system is increasingly found to be involved in the development of several chronic illnesses , for which allopathic medicine has provided limited tools for treatment and especially prevention . in that context , it appears worthwhile to target the immune system in order to modulate the risk of certain chronic... |
renewable energy from biomass has the potential to reduce dependency on fossil fuels , in addition to combat the environmental issues . the energy policy act of 2005 mandates blending of 7.5 billion gallons of alternative ( biofuel ) fuels by 2012 . the biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel available in the market are... | biofuels from biomass have the potential to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels .
an efficient pretreatment method is required to accomplish the target of the energy act 2005 .
extrusion could be a viable continuous pretreatment method to be explored .
the objectives of the current study were to investigate the... |
actin filaments assemble into diverse three - dimensional arrays to execute a wide variety of processes in eukaryotic cells .
these actin filament arrays are characterized by distinct protein compositions and dynamic properties , but the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood [ 1 , 8 ] . to eluci... | summaryactin filaments assemble into a variety of networks to provide force for diverse cellular processes [ 1 ] .
tropomyosins are coiled - coil dimers that form head - to - tail polymers along actin filaments and regulate interactions of other proteins , including actin - depolymerizing factor ( adf)/cofilins and ... |
the
function of a parity generator / checker , which is an essential
operation for detecting errors in data transmission , has been realized
with multiphotochromic switches by taking advantage of a neuron - like
fluorescence response and reversible light - induced transformations
between the implicated isomer... | |
spontaneous dissection of the celiac artery with concurrent dissection of the splenic artery without abdominal aortic dissection is very rare .
spontaneous visceral artery dissection was first reported in 1947 , which occurs most frequently in the superior mesenteric artery and rarely in the celiac trunk . in the pas... | isolated spontaneous dissection of the celiac trunk is rarely diagnosed in acute abdominal pain .
we present two cases of celiac trunk and splenic artery dissection with splenic infarction .
patients were successfully managed and stabilized by medical treatment .
isolated celiac trunk dissection can be fatal , th... |
silicon germanium ( sige ) has gained much attention in recent years thanks to its promising electrical and material properties .
the complete solubility of the two elements enables band gap engineering , and sige is relatively easy to integrate into silicon technology .
there are , however , still numerous issues... | the potential of positron annihilation spectroscopy ( pas ) for defect characterization at the atomic scale in semiconductors has been demonstrated in thin multilayer structures of sige ( 50 nm ) grown on utb ( ultra - thin body ) soi ( silicon - on - insulator ) .
a slow positron beam was used to probe the defect pr... |
infection with human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) predisposes individuals to the development of neoplasms .
there are currently four acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( aids)-defining malignancies : kaposi 's sarcoma , non - hodgkin lymphoma ( nhl ) of high - grade pathologic type and b - cell or unknown immunolo... | anaplastic large cell lymphoma ( alcl ) is an uncommon disease , accounting for < 5% of all cases of non - hodgkin 's lymphoma .
we report a case of 48-year - old male who presented a clinically benign swelling in the right anterior palatal region since last 2 months .
radiographic evaluation showed no bone loss in... |
mechanical ventilation is one of the most frequently employed interventions in the intensive care unit ( icu ) .
although it is a life - saving measure , much time and effort is spent in trying to wean patients from the ventilator as quickly as possible , since mechanical ventilation is also a cause of numerous compl... | accumulating evidence indicates that diaphragmatic weakness is common and frequently severe in mechanically ventilated patients .
supinski and callahan now report that infection is a major risk factor for diaphragmatic weakness in this patient population .
importantly , they show that patients with the greatest lev... |
in norway1 and most western societies,2 the major causes of long - term sick leave and work disability are chronic musculoskeletal and mental disorders . the numbers of disability pensioners are increasing and this represents a large economic burden for society .
in addition , not being able to participate in the lab... | backgroundthe aim of this investigation was to assess whether measures of physical functioning after multidisciplinary rehabilitation are associated with return to work among individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions and comorbid depressive symptoms.methodsincluded were 92 employees with chronic musculos... |
periodontitis can be defined as the perpetuating inflammation and tissue damage into the tooth supporting structures .
there are several types of periodontitis such as aggressive and necrotizing but the adult periodontitis is the most common form .
this disease , mostly caused by gram negative bacteria , is known t... | background : effects of electromagnetic fields on healing have been investigated for centuries .
substantial data indicate that exposure to electromagnetic field can lead to enhanced healing in both soft and hard tissues .
helmholtz coils are devices that generate pulsed electromagnetic fields ( pemf ) .
objecti... |
in humans , intracerebral hemorrhage ( ich ) causes secondary damage in the brain through the induction of cerebral edema and perihematomal injury [ 1 , 2 ] .
perihematomal edema with mass effect is an almost universal complication of ich , elaborated over several days after the initial insult .
glutamate release ,... | background and purpose . pilot study to examine the use of t1- , t2- , and t2 * -weighted images for evaluating hematoma size and extent of edema in mouse brain at high field . methods .
following collagenase - induced intracerebral hemorrhage , nine mice were imaged at 4.7 t using t1- , t2- , and t2 * -weighted imag... |
there is no doubt that our aging population presents society with a number of economic and public health challenges .
recent figures released by the uk automobile association predict that , in 20 years , 90% of men and 80% of women aged over 70 years will hold a driving licence .
contrast this with the situation to... | the rise in the aging driver population presents society with a significant challenge how to maintain safety and mobility on the roads .
on the one hand , older drivers pose a higher risk of an at - fault accident on a mile - for - mile basis ; on the other hand , independent mobility is a significant marker of qual... |
oral squamous cell carcinoma ( oscc ) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity , accounting for approximately 90% of oral neoplasms . despite aggressive treatment modalities
the overall 5-year survival rate of oscc , which is less than 50% , has not changed much in the past decades . as oscc is generally asym... | backgrounddysregulation of mir-9 is a common feature of many types of cancers , including oral squamous cell carcinoma ( oscc ) .
however , whether the expression level of serum mir-9 is changed in patients with oscc remains unknown.material/methodsquantitative real - time polymerase chain reaction ( qrt - pcr ) was ... |
osteogenesis imperfecta is a heritable disorder characterized by bone fragility , deformity of the spine , and long bones .
additional abnormalities such as short stature , blue sclera , and dentinogenesis imperfecta have been described .
skeletal manifestations are due to a generalized deficiency of development of... | swellings over the upper and lower limbs were encountered in a one - year - old child .
skeletal survey showed a constellation of distinctive radiographic abnormalities of osteoporosis , hyperplastic callus and ossification of the interosseous membrane of the forearm , femora , and to lesser extent the tibiae .
nei... |
goniometry , the measurement of joint angles , has been used as a staple in human physical therapy since the 1970s [ 15 ] .
it is commonly used as an objective measure of joint and muscle disease in addition to being used for patient assessment following joint or muscle trauma [ 68 ] .
goniometry is also regularly ... | purpose . to report the mean and median pelvic limb joint angles and girth measurements in miniature dachshunds presenting with varying degrees of pelvic limb weakness secondary to thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion
. methods . 15 miniature dachshunds who presented to wsu - vth for thoracolumbar disc extrusi... |
malassezia species are lipophilic yeasts which are as part of the normal flora of human skin , and are found in mostly of healthy adults .
these yeasts are the cause of pityriasis versicolor and malassezia folliculitis , and also implicated in the pathogenesis of common skin disorders such as seborrheic dermatitis , ... | abstractbackgroundthe lipophilic yeasts of malassezia species are members of the normal skin microbial that are cause of pityriasis versicolor .
pityriasis versicolor is a common superficial fungal infection with world - wide distribution .
the phenotypic methods for identification of malassezia species usually are... |
4% of adults in the united states have attention - deficit hyperactivity disorder ( adhd ) , a neurobiological disorder associated with learning disorders , psychiatric comorbidity , and substantial education , occupation , and interpersonal impairments .
central nervous system stimulants , which include formulations... | multidrug use is well documented among nonmedical users of prescription stimulants .
we sought to provide insight into the drug use patterns of those reporting nonmedical use of prescription attention - deficit hyperactivity disorder ( adhd ) stimulants in an attempt to discern whether such use is a first step in a p... |
to examine the putative relationship between ptsd and osa , we determined the apnea hypopnea indices ( ahi ) , body mass index ( bmi ) , ptsd severity , and nightmare complaints in veterans with ptsd , veterans without ptsd , and healthy controls .
twenty - three male veterans with ptsd were recruited through the out... | backgroundobstructive sleep apnea ( osa ) may be highly prevalent in posttraumatic stress disorder ( ptsd ) and may exacerbate ptsd complaints.objectiveour objective was to determine whether the prevalence of osa was high in a sample of dutch veterans with ptsd as compared to age- and trauma - matched controls , and wh... |
a 53-year - old lady , of height 152 centimeters and weighing 45
kilograms diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis was first seen
by us in april 2003 for a pre - chloroquine workup .
she was seen at six - monthly intervals and advised
amsler grid self - evaluation between her scheduled eye
examinations . in april... | we herein report the optical coherence tomography ( oct )
findings in a case of chloroquine - induced macular toxicity ,
which to our knowledge , has so far not been reported . a 53-
year - old lady on chloroquine for treatment of rheumatoid
arthritis developed decrease in vision 36 months after initiation
of... |
the world health organisation has stated that , since 1990 , more people worldwide have died from coronary heart disease ( chd ) than any other cause .
further , they reported that 80% to 90% of people dying from chd had one or more major risk factors associated with lifestyle . in the uk ,
more than 90,000 deaths ... | the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions within secondary prevention of coronary heart disease ( chd ) remains unclear .
this systematic review aimed to determine their effectiveness and included randomized controlled trials of lifestyle interventions , in primary care or community settings , with a minimum fol... |
hand deformities are common in rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , with 45% of patients affected by ulnar drift at the metacarpophalangeal joints ( mcpjs ) after 5 years of disease activity and with 33% no longer able to work .
surgery is often performed to improve hand function and relieve pain resulting from tendon and j... | introduction . medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis , such as corticosteroids , disease - modifying agents ( dmards ) , and injectable biological agents ( anti - tnf ) , may have widespread effects on wound healing . in hand surgery , it is important to balance the risks of poor wound healing from continuing ... |
department of health and human services has published statistics presenting total health spending during each year .
the basic aim of these statistics , termed nhe , is to identify all goods and services that can be characterized as relating to health care in the nation , and determine the amount of money used for t... | in 1997 health spending in the united states increased just 4.8 percent to $ 1.1 trillion . as a share of gross domestic product ( gdp ) , national health expenditures ( nhe ) absorbed 13.5 percent of the country 's output in 1997a share that has remained relatively constant for 5 years .
despite the relative stabili... |
acute gastroenteritis ( age ) is one of the most common diseases in children , and the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide . in the united states ,
current recommendations for the treatment of acute gastroenteritis focus primarily on the correction of dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities . ... | objectivethe aim of this study was to determine the effect of oral ondansetron in decreasing the vomiting due to acute gastroenteritis in children.methodsin a single center , randomized , double blind , controlled trial , the effect of oral ondansetron was compared with placebo on 176 patients between 1 and 10 years ol... |
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