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clinical series of endovascular or surgical management in sca aneurysms were usually limited in the distal segment of sca aneurysms or incorporated in the literatures of basilar artery ( ba ) or posterior circulation aneurysms.1)4)7)10)13 - 16)18)22)24)25 ) posterior circulation aneurysms including sca aneurysms were r... | objectivesuperior cerebellar artery ( sca ) aneurysms are regarded as being as difficult to treat surgically as posterior circulation aneurysms .
we describe here a series of 33 of these aneurysms treated with microsurgery or embolization.methodsbetween june 1997 and august 2007 , 33 patients ( 9 men , 24 women ; age... |
metabolic syndrome refers to a collection of issues including visceral obesity , elevated blood glucose levels , dyslipidemia ( elevated fasting triglycerides and low high - density lipoprotein ( hdl ) cholesterol levels ) , and hypertension .
it leads to an increase in the risk of developing of cardiovascular diseas... | a sedentary lifestyle can cause metabolic syndrome to develop .
metabolic syndrome is associated with metabolic function in the skeletal muscle , a major consumer of nutrients . dietary exercise , along with an adequate diet , is reported to be one of the major preventive therapies for metabolic syndrome ; exercise i... |
gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide , and most common malignancy in korea .
although survival time has been lengthened , the life expectancy of advanced disease still remains within one year . for patients with advanced gastric carcinoma or recurrent cancer , the response rate ( rr ) for fir... | purposethe aims of this study are to find out whether the sequence of chemotherapeutic regimens including second- and third - line taxane and irinotecan influences the survival of patients with unresectable gastric carcinoma and to identify clinical characteristics of patients with improved response.materials and metho... |
dental erosion is defined as the loss of tooth structure resulted from chemical dissolution , which was produced by non - bacterial produced acid.1 the etiology of dental erosion is multi - factorial in origin .
it can be produced by intrinsic or extrinsic acid exposure based upon the patient history .
the intrinsi... | this clinical report presents the clinical appearance and treatment approach in a case of excessive anterior teeth erosion resulted from swimming in a poorly - chlorinated swimming pool .
clinical findings revealed tooth sensitivity , severe enamel erosion resembling veneer preparations , and the presence of anterior... |
to explore the molecular subtypes of leiomyosarcoma ( lms ) , paraffin blocks of 99 lms cases from 1991 to 2012 from nine hospitals ( stanford hospital , brigham and women 's hospital , mckay - dee hospital center , st .
luke 's hospital , baptist health medical center , ingalls hospital , vancouver general hospit... | leiomyosarcoma ( lms ) is a malignant neoplasm with smooth muscle differentiation .
little is known about its molecular heterogeneity and no targeted therapy currently exists for lms .
we performed expression profiling on 99 cases of lms with 3 end rna sequencing ( 3seq ) and demonstrated the existence of 3 molecul... |
a 22-year - old , right - handed , unmarried woman was admitted to the psychiatric unit due to her selective retrograde amnesia that occurred after a severe stressful event .
she could remember nothing of the autobiographical events for the preceding four years , that is , her university life period .
she was aware... | we present here a case in which functional mr imaging ( fmri ) was done for a patient who developed retrograde psychogenic amnesia for a four year period of her life history after a severe stressful event .
we performed the fmri study for a face recognition task using stimulation with three kinds of face photographs ... |
the great auricular nerve is a cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus originating from the c2 and c3 spinal nerves .
it innervates the skin over the external ear , the angle of the mandible and the parotid gland .
we present a case of a 41-year - old female with paroxysmal ear pain accompanied by dysautonomia , ti... | backgroundthe great auricular nerve is a cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus originating from the c2 and c3 spinal nerves .
it innervates the skin over the external ear , the angle of the mandible and the parotid gland .
it communicates with the ansa cervicalis .
great auricular neuralgia is rarely diagnosed ... |
all known organisms belonging to the trypanosomatidae , a family of protists within the order kinetoplastida , are parasites of vertebrates , invertebrates , or plants .
species of two trypanosomatid genera , trypanosoma and leishmania , are responsible for several serious diseases of humans and domestic animals in t... | glycolysis and glyconeogenesis play crucial roles in the atp supply and synthesis of glycoconjugates , important for the viability and virulence , respectively , of the human - pathogenic stages of trypanosoma brucei , trypanosoma cruzi , and leishmania spp .
these pathways are , therefore , candidate targets for ant... |
leiomyoma , a benign smooth muscle tumor , is classified by the world health organization ( who ) into three types on the basis of histopathology : i ) solid leiomyoma , ii ) vascular leiomyoma ( angiomyoma , angioleimyoma ) , and iii ) epithelioid leiomyoma .
although leiomyoma may occur anywhere in the body , leiom... | leiomyoma is a type of benign smooth muscle neoplasm that is a common neoplasm of the uterus and gastrointestinal tract but rarely affects the head and neck region and is especially unlikely to affect the oral cavity .
the diagnosis of leiomyoma is mainly determined by histopathological studies due to variation in it... |
effective management of chronic pain has become a crucial consideration in medical care due to its prevalence and far - ranging effects.1 chronic pain is defined as pain that lasts for at least 3 months and is often associated with diseases such as cancer and diabetes,2 but may occur at any point across a patient s lif... | objectivethe aim of this study was to quantify the impact of pain severity on patient - reported outcomes among individuals diagnosed with chronic low back pain in japan.methodsdata were provided by the 2012 japan national health and wellness survey ( n=29,997 ) , a web - based survey of individuals in japan aged 18 ye... |
. there are no absolute anatomical landmarks for reference and the foramen can not be clinically visualized or palpated . prior to surgery ,
one of the inadvertent complications that occur during implant placement in anterior mandible is a neurosensory alteration in the chin and lower lip due to improper identificati... | objective : comparative evaluation of the location of mental foramen in different age groups .
determine the variation in position of mental foramen with gender using digital panoramic radiography.materials and methods : digital panoramic radiographs of 250 patients were reviewed .
the study population was divided ... |
the collagenous fibroma ( cf ) , is a slow - growing , benign , soft tissue lesion that was first described as recent as 1995 by evans , under the rubric ,
as the term fibroblastoma may be construed as an immature or potentially malignant neoplasm , nielsen et al proposed the name
collagenous fibroma as being no... | collagenous fibroma ( desmoplastic fibroblastoma ) is a distinctive yet uncommon fibrous soft tissue tumor .
these tumors are rather nondescript in their morphological appearance and have been diagnosed as fibromas or some other benign mesenchymal lesions for years .
the most common sites are the upper extremities ... |
a human oral buccal epithelial cell line ho-1-n-1 was provided by the japanese collection of research bioresources ( osaka , japan ) .
ho-1-n-1 is an immortalized epithelial cell - like cell line that originated from a squamous cell carcinoma located on the buccal mucosa .
the epithelial cells were grown in tissue ... | background
porphyromonas gingivalis inhibits oral epithelial wound healing in vitro more strongly than other oral bacteria , but it is unknown why p. gingivalis is such a potent inhibitor of wound healing.objectivetherefore , the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of major virulence factors of p. ging... |
for more than 12 years , scientists have noticed that some individuals with autism also have a chromosomal change involving specific part of chromosome 15
.
trisomy or tetrasomy of the 15q11-q13 region has also been reported in some autistic patients with varying degrees of mental retardation [ 24 ] .
this report... | we report the case of a moroccan boy with mental retardation , hyperactivity , epilepsy , developmental problems and behavioural disorders .
cytogenetic analysis showed the presence of a supernumerary marker chromosome .
molecular cytogenetics allowed us to determine the marker as an inverted duplication of chromos... |
forward head posture ( fhp ) pushes the center of the head forward and upwards which , in
turn , increases the head weight supported by the neck , triggering relative compensatory
mechanisms , such as increased cervical lordosis and abnormal and sustained contractions in
the suboccipital muscle and muscles in the... | [ purpose ] the purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of neurofeedback
training on postural changes in the cervical spine and changes in the range of motion of
the neck and in the neck disability index in adults with forward head posture .
[ subjects
and methods ] the subjects of the study wer... |
cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the burden is increasing day by day .
though we have a number of anticancer agents now , adequate control of cancer is still lacking .
hence there is a persistent demand to develop newer and more effective anticancer drugs which can help tackle this problem... | to evaluate the in vivo antitumor activity of cleistanthin b in ehrlich 's ascites carcinoma ( eac ) and dalton 's ascites lymphoma ( dal ) cell lines induced malignant ascites mouse models and dal cell line induced solid tumor mouse model .
all animals were injected with 2 106 eac / dal cells i.p./s.c . to induc... |
hypertrophic olivary degeneration ( hod ) is an unusual neuronal degenerative disease involving inferior olivary nuclei with increased t2-weighted signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) .
oppenheim first described hod in 1887.1,2 however , guillain and mollaret widely described and studied the hod wit... | hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a transsynaptic form of degeneration , which is also a result of primary or secondary lesion and can damage the dento - rubro - olivary pathway .
the dento - rubro - olivary pathway was first described by guillain and mollaret and is referred to as the triangle of guillain and mo... |
the energy required for the cell survival is produced through the energy metabolism
process , during which oxygen and nutrients react .
therefore , the lungs that supply oxygen
are important for maintaining and improving health1 .
in particular , movement of the thorax causes movement of the pulmonary function ... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to examine whether stretching of the scalene
muscles would improve slow vital capacity ( svc ) . [ subjects and methods ]
the subjects of
this study were 20 healthy female students to whom the study s methods and purpose were
explained and their agreement for participat... |
as molecular genetic testing and electronic healthcare records become increasingly common features of modern medical practice , there is a need to integrate information in genetic databases to establish a detailed understanding of how genome sequence differences impact on human health . to date
, there are several de... | frequency of inherited disorders database ( findbase ) ( ) is a relational database , derived from the ethnos software , recording frequencies of causative mutations leading to inherited disorders worldwide .
database records include the population and ethnic group , the disorder name and the related gene , accompani... |
multiple sclerosis ( ms ) is an immune - mediated , neurodegenerative disease that affects an estimated 2.5 million adults worldwide . in isfahan
/ iran , an increase in prevalence and incidence figures ( 73.3 ; 9.1 : 2004 - 2005 vs. 43.8 ; 3.64 : 2003 - 2010/1,00,000 ) was reported .
ms typically has its onset in ... | background : to date , few results on well - being in individuals with neurological disease have been published , while several studies in other groups have indicated that well - being may not be the only absence of psychological distress , but also positive psychological function .
the aim of the present study was t... |
it is a paradox that at the same time these drugs are amongst the top 5 drugs all categories causing most serious and fatal events .
the major reason is the difficulty to tailor the dose according to the individual dose requirement which varies widely between patients .
few other drugs than warfarin have a broader ... | warfarin , acenocoumarol , and phenprocoumon are among the major anticoagulant drugs worldwide . because of their low therapeutic index and serious adverse reactions ( adrs ) , their wide use , and their varying kinetics and pharmacogenetic dependence , it is of great importance to explore further possibilities to fore... |
phaeohyphomycosis is a group of mycotic infections caused by dematiaceous fungi ( pigmented ) that contain melanin in their cell walls .
melanin is a known virulence factor in these fungi , and it acts by scavenging free radicals produced by phagocytic cells in the oxidative process , which would kill most organisms ... | phaeohyphomycosis is a rare mycotic infection caused by various heterogenous groups of phaeoid ( dematiaceous ) fungi involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue .
common clinical manifestations are subcutaneous abscesses or cystic swellings . here
, we report a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis presenting as m... |
a simple , precise , specific , accurate high performance thin layer chromatography method was developed for simultaneous estimation of aloe emodin and emodin from medicinal plants like rheum emodi ( rhubarb ) , barbados aloes ( dried juice of aloe barbadensis leaf ) and cassia alata ( candle bush ) .
thin layer chro... | |
data were acquired with the prototype ( 4 detectors ) and a second - generation instrument ( nanosims 50l , cameca : 7 detectors ) .
( n - thymidine , c - thymidine ) and sigma - aldrich , inc .
full methods and any associated references are available in the online version of the paper at www.nature.com/nature .
| mass spectrometry with stable isotope labels has been seminal in discovering the dynamic state of living matter1,2 but is limited to bulk tissues or cells .
we developed multi - isotope imaging mass spectrometry ( mims ) that allowed us to view and measure stable isotope incorporation with sub - micron resolution3,4 ... |
cortical venous thrombosis ( cvt ) is any thrombosis that occurs in intracranial veins or sinuses .
cerebral vein and sinus thrombosis is rare compared to arterial stroke and often occurs in young individuals .
worldwide estimated annual incidence is 34 cases/1 million population , about 75% of the adult patients a... | background : cortical venous thrombosis ( cvt ) is a rare condition , compared to arterial stroke and often occurs in young individuals presenting with varying clinical features.aim:the aim is to study clinical profile and assess the outcome and prognostic factors of cvt patients.methodology:a case series study was don... |
periodontal disease is a chronic , non - resolving inflammatory lesion that may result in the destruction of the tooth supporting structures .
although bacteria are thought to initiate the inflammatory response , the tissue destruction is believed to be largely mediated by the host response .
the host response invo... | statement of the problem : t cells have been shown to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease .
b7-h3 , a costimulatory molecule , is found to be associated with regulation of t cell function in some tumoral tissues , as well as autoimmune and inflammatory diseases .
purpose : the aim of this stu... |
the pancreas is an important organ in both the digestive system and the endocrine system .
severe acute pancreatitis ( sap ) has a high mortality rate due to sepsis , necrosis , and multiple organ failure caused by pancreatic or peripancreatic infection .
approximately 80% of deaths caused by sap are related to sep... | backgroundalthough ( een ) is a relatively safer route by which to feed patients with severe acute pancreatitis ( sap ) or predicted sap ( psap ) compared to total parental nutrition ( tpn ) , the appropriate starting time for een administration after admission is still controversial .
this study pooled all relevant ... |
oral contraceptives increase the risk of venous phenomenon due to the hypercoagulable state as a result of their effect on increasing the levels of the circulating coagulation factors . since their introduction , hormonal contraceptives have always been associated with an increased risk of stroke ( cerebrovascular acci... | combined oral contraceptives are one of the risk factor for stroke in women .
we report a case of an arterial ischemic stroke due to lacunar infarction in a 35-year - old previously healthy female patient induced after 3 years on sukhi an oral contraceptive after two times artificial abortions .
a brain mri finding... |
in the last 30 years the spanish nhs has evolved from a tightly centralized structure to seventeen autonomous regional health systems . as a result a number of benefits have been obtained but also important side - effects such as unjustified variation in clinical practice and a substantial loss of equity .
to deal wi... | introductionin the last 30 years the spanish nhs has evolved from a tightly centralized structure to seventeen autonomous regional health systems . as a result a number of benefits have been obtained but also important side - effects such as unjustified variation in clinical practice and a substantial loss of equity.de... |
talon cusp is a prominent accessory cusp - like structure projecting from the cingulum area or the cementoenamel junction ( cej ) of the maxillary or mandibular teeth in both primary and permanent dentition .
this accessory cusp , which can vary in size , is formed by enamel and dentin , and may or may not have a pro... | talon cusp is a rare developmental anomaly that occurs most commonly on the lingual side of the incisors .
occurrence of the labial talon cusp is rare in the dental literature . till date
only seven cases of isolated nonsyndromic labial talon cusps have been reported in the maxillary permanent dentition . however ,... |
recently , neuroscientists and cognitive psychologists have promoted the idea of the existence of a mirror system in our mind and brain .
the mirror system simulates the actions we observe by mapping an observed action onto a motoric representation of the same action in the observer ( jeannerod , 2003 ) .
this mode... | the discovery of mirror neurons has been recognized as one of the major developments in neuroscience , with possible implications for the explanation of many important cognitive functions , including action and perception understanding , imitation , and empathy . in the mirror neuron system ,
action observation , imi... |
veno - arterial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation ( va ecmo ) is a common clinical aid for cardiopulmonary surgery [ 14 ] .
based on the different cannular position , va ecmo is classified as peripheral ecmo ( pecmo ) and central ecmo ( cecmo ) . for pecmo cannulas
in contrast , cecmo usually has an arterial can... | backgroundveno - arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( vaecmo ) , including central ecmo ( cecmo ) and peripheral ecmo ( pecmo ) , is widely used in cardiopulmonary surgery .
the outcomes and complications of both types of ecmo are quite different from each other .
the hemodynamic differences among them ar... |
dystonia , one of the most prevalent forms of movement disorder , is defined as sustained or intermittent muscle contractions usually producing twisting and repetitive movement or abnormal posture ( 12 ) .
oral medications and botulinum toxin injections have been the mainstays of treatment for a time , but are not su... | internal globus pallidus ( gpi ) deep brain stimulation ( dbs ) has been widely accepted as an effective treatment modality of medically refractory dystonia .
however , there have been few studies regarding the safety issue of pregnancy and childbirth related with dbs .
this report describes a female patient who wa... |
direct antiviral agent ( daa ) has been the standard of care for patients with hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection .
twelve weeks of paritaprevir / ritonavir / ombitasvir plus dasabuvir ( prod ) with or without ribavirin has shown to have a sustained virological response at post - treatment 12 weeks ( svr12 ) rate of... | abstractbackground : direct antiviral agent ( daa ) has been the standard of care for patients with hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection .
twelve weeks of paritaprevir / ritonavir / ombitasvir plus dasabuvir ( prod ) with or without ribavirin has shown to have a sustained virological response at post - treatment 12 we... |
a 67-year - old woman presented with a 10-day history of localized zoster in the right occipital area .
skin rash developed on the right occipital area of the second and third cervical dermatome .
three days after the appearance of the rash , she was diagnosed with hz by a dermatologist and was prescribed 5 mg of o... | herpes zoster as a result of reactivated varicella - zoster virus is characterized by vesicular eruptions on skin and painful neuralgia in the dermatome distribution .
pain during an acute phase of herpes zoster has been associated with a higher risk of developing postherpetic neuralgia .
the current therapies for ... |
metabolic syndrome ( ms ) is a recently coined term for the designation of an aggregation of risk factors including visceral obesity , arterial hypertension , hyperglycemia , and dyslipidemia which in conjunction augment the probabilities of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus ( dm2 ) and cardiovascular disease ( cvd... | background .
lipoprotein(a ) [ lp(a ) ] is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease , yet its influence on metabolic syndrome ( ms ) is still controversial . the purpose of this study was to assess the impact generated by this diagnosis in serum lp(a ) concentrations .
materials and methods . a total of 1807 ... |
health - related quality of life ( hrqol ) is generally conceptualized as a multidimensional construct encompassing domains including the psychological , mental , social , and spiritual areas of life ( 1 - 3 ) .
this conceptualization is in line with the world health organization definition of health as the state of ... | the kidscreen-52 quality - of - life ( kidscreen-52-hrqol ) is a relevant , worldwide tool used for assessing the health - related quality of life in children and adolescents .
the purpose of this study was to define measurement properties of the korean version of the kidscreen-52 hrqol .
the original questionnaire... |
cycloadditions are an important class of reactions for site - specific labeling with applications in super - resolution microscopy of cellular components.[15 ] key properties of these reactions are their bioorthogonality and high selectivity . by exploiting the concept of mutual orthogonality between several click - ty... | site - specific labeling of biomolecules is rapidly advancing due to the discovery of novel mutually orthogonal reactions .
quantum chemistry studies have also increased our understanding of their relative rates , although these have until now been based on highly simplified reactants . here
we examine a set of str... |
as people are living longer due to advances in health care and lifestyles , spine surgeons will be faced with a greater number of surgical problems in the aged population and with that comes an expected increase in perioperative medical complications .
another substantial challenge is advanced osteoporosis , which is... | study design biomechanical study of pedicle screw fixation in osteoporotic bone .
objective to investigate whether it is better to tap or not tap osteoporotic bone prior to placing a cement - augmented pedicle screw .
methods initially , we evaluated load to failure of screws placed in cancellous bone blocks wit... |
public health is an important subject which requires the application of the discipline of health economics to facilitatte the identification of cost effective interventions to improve public health . without this targeting public health investment
all countries have to make difficult choices about how to allocate sca... | with resources always scarce , limited resources have to be targeted at those interventions , prevention and cure , that give the greatest population health gain at least cost .
mere identification of what works in prevention is inadequate unless this evidence is supplemented with economic analysis that identifies wh... |
it has been established for a long time that psychological interventions can markedly alter patients ' thinking patterns , beliefs , attitudes , emotional states , and behaviors .
the neural mechanisms mediating such alterations were poorly understood before the advent of functional neuroimaging techniques ( eg , sin... | it has been long established that psychological interventions can markedly alter patients ' thinking patterns , beliefs , attitudes , emotional states , and behaviors .
little was known about the neural mechanisms mediating such alterations before the advent of functional neuroimaging techniques . since the turn of t... |
a 47-year - old man was admitted to hospital with worsening malaise , fatigue , drenching night sweats , anorexia and a 15 kg weight loss .
four months previously , he developed dyspnea , orthopnea , exertional chest heaviness and a single episode of hemoptysis , for which he had been empirically treated with two 10-... | cardiobacterium hominis is a fastidious organism that can rarely cause subacute bacterial endocarditis .
this report describes a case involving a 47-year - old man with subacute endocarditis due to c hominis ; the isolate was initally found to be resistant to third - generation cephalosporins , but was later found to... |
diabetes prevention is critical for women with gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm ) , which affects 714% of pregnancies ( 5 ) , as women with gdm are seven times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than parous women without gdm ( 6 ) .
postpartum weight retention increases diabetes risk ( 7 ) , and postpartum wei... | objectiveto compare the effectiveness of diabetes prevention strategies addressing postpartum weight retention for women with gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm ) delivered at the health system level : mailed recommendations ( usual care ) versus usual care plus a diabetes prevention program ( dpp)derived lifestyle in... |
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ( ttp ) is a microangiopathic hemolytic disorder that is induced by marked reduction in the level of von willebrand factorcleaving protease , adamts13 .
it is characterized by development of microthrombi in small blood vessels leading to consumptive thrombocytopenia and hemolytic a... | key clinical messagein patients presenting with thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura and nonst elevation myocardial infarction , prompt initiation of plasma exchange takes precedence over other invasive diagnostic procedures for coronary artery disease .
such procedures should be delayed until clinical condition and l... |
bedwetting or nocturnal enuresis ( ne ) is the most common childhood urologic complaint and the most common issue reported at school examinations .
ne affects 10% to 15% of those aged 5 years , 5% of those aged 10 years , and 1% of those aged 15 years .
it can have a significant effect on the child or young person ... | purposewe evaluated and compared the effectiveness of an enuresis alarm , desmopressin medication , and their combination in the treatment of saudi children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis ( pmne).materials and methodsa total of 136 children with pmne were randomly assigned to receive an enuresis alarm ... |
thalassemia epitomizes disorders of hemoglobin synthesis , characterized by reduced synthesis of either the alpha - globin or -globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule .
-thalassemia encompasses a group of monogenic diseases that have in common defective synthesis of -globin resulting from a variety of molecular defe... | thalassemia is a rare , complex disease , representing a group of disorders of hemoglobin synthesis that are characterized by reduced synthesis of either the alpha - globin or -globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule .
defective synthesis of -globin resulting from a variety of molecular defects causes -thalassemia .... |
in the previous issue of critical care , protti and colleagues presented a series of patients with severe hyperlactatemia secondary to biguanide intoxication .
traditionally , hyperlactatemia in critically ill patients - and particularly those in shock - was normally interpreted as a marker of secondary anaerobic met... | biguanide poisoning is associated with lactic acidosis .
the exact mechanism of biguanide - induced lactic acidosis is not well understood . in the previous issue of critical care , protti and
colleagues demonstrated that biguanide - induced lactic acidosis may be due in part to a reversible inhibition of mitochond... |
in 2004 , two eblv-2 cases were identified in daubenton 's bats ( table 1 ) .
a diagnosis of eblv-2 infection was confirmed on brain samples with a fluorescent - antibody test , the mouse inoculation test , and a rapid taqman assay ( 8) .
attempts to culture eblv-2 from organs in both cases failed because of cytoto... | organ distribution of european bat lyssavirus type 2 viral rna in its reservoir host , myotis daubentonii ( daubenton 's bat ) , was measured with a novel quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay .
high levels of genomic rna were found in the brain and were also detectable in the tongue , b... |
antiviral therapy for hepatitis c virus ( hcv)-related chronic hepatitis results in a post - treatment sustained viral response ( svr ) in 50 - 90% of patients ( 1 ) .
virus genotype was reported to be the most important predictor of svr ( 2 ) .
in particular , genotype 1 patients are considered to be ' difficult -... | background : standard [ i.e. pegylated interferon ( peg - ifn ) + ribavirin ] treatment of hepatitis c virus ( hcv)-related chronic hepatitis is associated with a sustained virological response ( svr ) in 50 - 90% of patients .
a rapid virological response ( rvr ) ( i.e. negative hcv - rna after 4 weeks of treatment ... |
non - small cell lung carcinoma ( nsclc ) accounts for 80 - 85% of all lung carcinomas , and adenocarcinoma is the predominant histologic type .
the prognosis of these patients remains poor , with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 15% despite the advanced therapeutic options available .
recent studies su... | background : lung cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy causing high morbidity and mortality . an increasing incidence of lung cancer has been observed in india .
currently , the classification of lung carcinoma has gone beyond small cell lung carcinoma and non - small cell lung carcinoma ( nsclc ) .
precise sub... |
optical approaches to compensate for presbyopia include reading glasses , monovision , multifocal contact lenses , multifocal intraocular lenses ( miols ) , and accommodating iols .
none of these can restore accommodation , but all are compromises that establish a fair quality of near vision at the expense of good fa... | we report a series of three case reports of kamra inlay implantation procedures in presbyopic patients with a history of prior phakic intraocular lens implantation surgery .
three - month results showed a two to five - line improvement for uncorrected near visual acuity .
the absolute uncorrected near visual acuity... |
mites of the genus demodex are commonly found in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of most mammals . in general , demodex are considered to be host - species specific and some hosts can be infested with two or more distinct species ( e.g. , d. canis , d. injai , an undescribed short form demodex sp . in dogs , d.... | demodex mites , although usually nonpathogenic , can cause a wide range of dermatological lesions ranging from mild skin irritation and alopecia to severe furunculosis .
recently , a case of demodicosis from a white - tailed deer ( odocoileus virginianus ) revealed a demodex species morphologically distinct from demo... |
the cooccurrence of hiv and unintended pregnancy has prompted a relatively recent body of work on dual protection , the simultaneous protection against hiv and unintended pregnancy .
dual protection can be achieved through single method use ( condoms ) or dual method use ( condoms + another contraceptive method ) .
... | the cooccurrence of hiv and unintended pregnancy has prompted a body of work on dual protection , the simultaneous protection against hiv and unintended pregnancy .
this study examines dual protection and dual methods as a risk - reduction strategy for women living with hiv .
data are from a cross - sectional sampl... |
a 70-year - old male was diagnosed with non - st - elevation myocardial infarction ( nstemi ) without signs of haemodynamic compromise and intermediate grace risk scores ( fig .
initial cardiac biomarkers were elevated with a creatine kinase of 1236 u / l and positive high sensitive troponin of 787 ng / l .
he w... | acute coronary syndromes are usually classified on the basis of the presence or absence of st elevation on the ecg : st - elevation myocardial infarction or non - st - elevation myocardial infarction ( nstemi)patients with acute myocardial infarction ( ami ) need immediate therapy , without unnecessary delay and primar... |
neoadjuvant chemotherapy is integrated into the treatment of several cancers , including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ( hnscc ) . in a phase iii study by licitra and vermorken ,
rates of mandibular resection were significantly lower in hnscc patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy , thus demonstrating th... | objectives . invasion of differentiated thyroid cancer ( dtc ) into surrounding structures can lead to morbid procedures such as laryngectomy and tracheal resection . in these patients
, there is a potential role for neoadjuvant therapy . methods .
we identified three studies involving the treatment of dtc with neo... |
despite extensive study , timing of repair for macula - off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments remains controversial .
it has been suggested that visual recovery is correlated with the height of a bullous macula - off detachment.1 it has also been reported that shorter duration of macular detachment is associated wit... | the timing of repair and the utility of spectral - domain optical coherence tomography ( sd - oct ) for macula - off retinal detachment remains a controversial issue .
four patients who presented with macula - off retinal detachment underwent repair at various time points after symptom onset .
postoperative sd - oc... |
extensive global evidence highlights a lack of communication skills in doctors that leads to dysfunctional consultations .
it has also been seen that doctors lack skills required for patient - centered consultations .
literature confirms that communication skills can be learned and taught and indicates that patient... | background : evidence highlights a lack of communication skills in doctors leading to dysfunctional consultations . to address this deficit , a private medical college instituted curricular reforms with inclusion of a longitudinal communication skills program .
a pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the effectivene... |
the first approach of using lipid microparticles was described by eldem et al . , reporting the production by high - speed stirring of a melted lipid phase in a hot surfactant solution obtaining an emulsion .
solid microparticles are formed when this emulsion is cooled to room temperature , and the lipid recrystalliz... | lipids and lipid nanoparticles are extensively employed as oral - delivery systems for drugs and other active ingredients .
these have been exploited for many features in the field of pharmaceutical technology .
lipids usually enhance drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract ( git ) , and when formulated as na... |
pilonidal sinus is a disease which is very common , especially in men and usually located in sacrococcygeal area .
however , the disease can be also seen in rare localizations such as umblicus , forehead , scalp , clitoris , interdigital area and axilla . in the etiology of pilonidal sinus , acquired theory is accept... | context : pilonidal sinus is a disease which is very common , especially in men and usually located in sacrococcygeal area .
however , the disease can be also seen in rare localizations such as umblicus , forehead , scalp , clitoris , interdigital area and axilla . in the etiology of pilonidal sinus , acquired theory... |
primary leiomyosarcoma of the greater omentum is a rare pathologic entity , and the literature includes only 27 cases including this one ( table 1 ) . the pre - operative diagnosis of these tumors is difficult and the diagnosis is usually made post operatively .
we report a case of a 55 year old woman with clinical ... | primary omental leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor .
we report a case of successfully resected omental leiomyosarcoma whose presentation mimicked ovarian carcinoma .
symptoms of abdominal distension and discomfort that lasted 8 months followed by pain lead to a diagnosis of a large mass in the abdomen . physical exami... |
aging is associated with reductions in skeletal muscle mass and strength ( sarcopenia ) , which may lead to impaired mobility in older individuals . despite a litany of research on sarcopenia ,
comprehensive reviews of the potential mechanisms behind sarcopenia are available ( e.g. , ryall et al . 2008 ) . in brief ,... | attenuation of age - related sarcopenia by creatine supplementation has been equivocal . in this study ,
plantaris muscles of young ( y ; 5 m ) and aging ( a ; 24 m ) fisher 344 rats underwent four weeks of either control ( c ) , creatine supplementation ( cr ) , surgical overload ( o ) , or overload plus creatine ( ... |
despite current advances in cancer screening , diagnosis , and therapeutics , pancreatic cancer remains a highly malignant disease with a dismal 5-year survival rate of < 5% . in 2012
, approximately 44,000 people in the united states will be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer with more than 37,000 expected to die from... | pancreatic cancer is an incredibly challenging disease due to its high rates of resistance to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy .
there has been little improvement in the prognosis of pancreatic cancer cases in the past decades , highlighting the crucial need for more effective therapeutic approaches .
erlo... |
a previously healthy 22-year - old woman initially presented with right hemiparesis and episodes of right - sided sensory abnormalities , both of which had begun one year earlier .
she also had a one - year history of intermittent loss of consciousness unrelated to these symptoms .
routine electroencephalography ( ... | we report two cases of supratentorial gangliocytomas mimicking an extra - axial tumor .
mr imaging indicated that the tumors were extra - axial , and meningiomas were thus initially diagnosed .
relative to gray matter , the tumors were hypointense on t1-weighted images and hyperintense on t2-weighted images .
on ... |
several factors contribute to the heightened recent interest in understanding the role of home health care in the continuum of services for medicare beneficiaries .
first , medicare home health agencies ( hhas ) command growing importance in the medicare budget , almost doubling expenditures from $ 1.6 billion in fis... | the purpose of this study was to present descriptive information on the characteristics of 2,873 medicare home health clients , to quantify systematically their patterns of service utilization and allowed charges during a total episode of care , and to clarify the bivariate associations between client characteristics a... |
a 21-year - old woman visited our department complaining of a large painless swelling in the left submandibular region .
on palpation , the swelling revealed a soft , painless , and fluid - containing mass .
the patient had no traumatic or surgical history , and the swelling did not cause difficulty in swallowing o... | a ranula is a bluish , transparent , and thin - walled swelling in the floor of the mouth .
they originate from the extravasation and subsequent accumulation of saliva from the sublingual gland .
ranulas are usually limited to the sublingual space but they sometimes extend to the submandibular space and parapharyng... |
childhood disintegrative disorder ( cdd ) , also known as heller 's syndrome and disintegrative psychosis , is a rare condition characterized by late onset ( > 3 years of age ) of developmental delays in language , social function , and motor skills .
it is a complex disorder that affects many different areas of the ... | we are presenting a case of a 10-year - old female child who presented with normal development till 5 years of age followed by deterioration in previously acquired language and social skills with stereotypic hand movements suggestive of childhood disintegrative disorder .
this case is reported as this condition is ve... |
anal fissure is one of the most common and painful proctologic diseases that is effectively treated and prevented with conservative measures in its acute form , whereas chronic fissures may require medical or surgical therapy .
because of the disability associated with surgery for anal fissure and the risk of inconti... | a green , simple , and stability - indicating rp - hplc method was developed for the determination of diltiazem in topical preparations .
the separation was based on a c18 analytical column using a mobile phase consisted of ethanol : phosphoric acid solution ( ph = 2.5 ) ( 35 : 65 , v / v ) .
column temperature w... |
natural menopause is defined as the cessation of menstrual cycles for 12 consecutive months , resulting from a lack of ovarian follicular activity .
it is a biological process occurring between approximately 40 and 60 years of age , with a mean value at approximately 51 years . in recent decades
firstly , in most w... | the age at natural menopause shows great variability . it has been proposed that early age at menopause is a risk factor for osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease , whereas later age at menopause is a risk factor for breast cancer . in addition
, it is thought that the genetic factors accounting for the genetic var... |
. many outbreaks of methanol poisoning have been reported from india.[13 ] being cheap and potent , it is the first adulterant of illicit liquors .
the outbreak of methanol poisoning described in this paper occurred in ahmedabad , gujarat , india in july 2009 .
most patients were received in three municipal corpora... | introduction / purpose : the outbreak of methanol poisoning described in this paper occurred in ahmedabad , gujarat , india in july 2009 . our intention is to share the experience of clinical features , laboratory investigations and their relation during this tragedy.materials and methods : single center , retrospectiv... |
semiconducting metal oxide sensors are one of the most studied groups of the chemical sensors which have been designed to react with gases .
different materials such as sno2 , wo3 , zno , moo3 , tio2 , inox , and mixed oxides have been studied and showed promising applications for detecting gases such as nox , o3 , n... | today 's wo3-based gas sensors have received a lot of attention , because of important role as a sensitive layer for detection of the small quantities of nox . in this research
, a theoretical study has been done on the sensing properties of different cyclic nanoclusters of ( wo3)n ( n = 26 ) for nox ( x = 1,2 ) g... |
this infection is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality- in critically ill patients in developing countries .
respiratory tract infections ( rtis ) , which involve the upper or lower respiratory tract , frequently occurs after birth .
rtis , such as sore thoat , earache , laryngitis , common cold , otitis me... | the study was aimed at determining bacterial agents of the upper respiratory tract and the susceptibility patterns of isolates to antibiotics .
the throat swab samples from 250 patients suspected of upper respiratory tract infection ( urti ) were obtained from the general medicine outpatient department of a rural hea... |
high malaria morbidity and mortality have persisted because of failed transactions between those at risk of malaria infection and available effective antimalarial drugs and preventive measures .
artemisinin - based combination therapies ( acts ) , the most effective drugs to treat plasmodium falciparum , malaria were... | introduction .
distribution of affordable medicine facility - malaria artemisinin combination therapies ( amfm - acts ) started in nigeria in 2011 , but its use at community level has not been documented .
methods .
four hundred seventy - eight caregivers whose under - five children had fever within two weeks pri... |
thrombocytopenia is a well known complication in intensive care unit
( icu ) patients .
the incidence of thrombocytopenia of less than
100 10platelets / l in icu patients has been reported to vary
from 23 to 41% , but lower frequencies ( 1017% ) have been reported for counts
lower than 50 10... | background : that thrombocytopenia results in increased mortality or
transfusion requirements has not been confirmed by previous studies .
we
performed a case - control study in which 36 patients who developed severe
thrombocytopenia of less than 50109
platelets / l were carefully
matched fo... |
most almond ( prunus amygdalus batsch ) cultivars are self - incompatible ( si ; socias i company , 1990 ) .
si in the prunus species shows the gametophytic self - incompatibility ( gsi ) system , controlled by a single polymorphic locus containing at least two linked genes , one specifically expressed in the pistil ... | gametophytic self - incompatibility ( gsi ) is a mechanism in flowering plants , to prevent inbreeding and promote outcrossing .
gsi is under the control of a specific locus , known as the s - locus , which contains at least two genes , the rnase and the sfb .
active s - rnases in the style are essential for reject... |
the ras association domain family 1 gene ( rassf1 ) was identified on chromosome 3p21.3 , a region frequently deleted in cancer .
there are two major transcripts of rassf1 , termed rassf1a and rassf1c , which are transcribed from different cpg island promoters . the promoter of rassf1a is often hypermethylated in can... | the ras association domain family 1a ( rassf1a ) tumor suppressor encodes a sav - rassf - hpo domain ( sarah ) , which is an interaction domain characterized by hww45 ( dsav ) and mst1/2 ( dhpo ) . in our study , the interaction between rassf1a and rassf1c with mst1 and mst2 was demonstrated and it was shown that this ... |
ureteral rupture is a urological emergency usually presenting with acute pain and requiring urgent surgical intervention .
we report an unusual case where this condition was discovered incidentally on imaging , in the absence of any specific symptoms , to investigate chronic urinary retention caused by massive prosta... | non - traumatic ureteral rupture has been reported more frequently , resulting from increased intraluminal pressures from distal urinary tract obstruction .
we report the case of a 77-year - old man presenting with chronic urinary retention secondary to massive prostatic enlargement through acute kidney injury .
ul... |
chronic pelvic pain is a common complaint among women of reproductive age often due to infection , endometriosis , or adhesive disease .
however , parasitic infection with resultant pain is usually not considered in the differential diagnosis .
we report a case of chronic right lower quadrant abdominal and pelvic p... | parasitic infestation is an uncommon cause of chronic pelvic pain among women of reproductive age . a case of chronic right - sided pelvic pain associated with appendiceal enterobius vermicularis infestation
was managed with appendectomy and antiparasitic therapy resulting in a complete resolution of symptoms . |
parkinson disease ( pd ) , which is the most common neurodegenerative parkinsonian syndrome , is characterized by the degeneration of both dopaminergic and nondopaminergic neurons with neuronal intracytoplasmic inclusions known as lewy bodies 1 .
although the clinical diagnosis of pd is often straightforward and robu... | objectivemolecular imaging of nigrostriatal dopamine transporters ( dat ) and sympathetic cardiac innervation with single - photon emission computed tomography ( spect ) are useful tools for differentiating idiopathic parkinson disease ( pd ) from other degenerative parkinsonian syndromes ( non - pd ) . nevertheless , ... |
nitric oxide ( no ) is an essential radical molecule that is involved in various physiological processes , ranging from signalling processes to cytotoxic activities . in mammals
it is produced by a class of enzymes , the no synthases ( noss ) , through a two - step reaction . in the first step ,
l - arginine is oxi... | nitric oxide is produced in mammals by a class of enzymes called no synthases ( noss ) .
it plays a central role in cellular signalling but also has deleterious effects , as it leads to the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species .
no forms a relatively stable adduct with ferrous haem proteins , which , ... |
a 13-year - old girl had a history of partial atrioventricular septal defect ( pavsd ) total correction at the age of 4 years .
however , a right ventricular assist device was applied at the operation because of the akinetic right ventricle ( rv ) .
two years later , based on our echocardiography results , the pati... | a 13-year - old girl , who had undergone the total correction of partial atrioventricular septal defect at the age of 4 years , was admitted with severe tricuspid regurgitation in echocardiography .
she had received one - and - a - half ventricle repair during follow - up .
her right ventricle showed global akinesi... |
while superficial non - ampullary duodenal tumors are relatively rare , the frequency of their detection has recently increased due to the widespread use of endoscopy and continual improvements in endoscopic techniques ( 1,2 ) .
although there are no established indications or treatments for superficial non - ampulla... | endoscopic treatment for superficial non - ampullary duodenal tumors is technically difficult and challenging due to the anatomical characteristics of the duodenum .
it is frequently complicated by procedural accidents , such as perforation .
surgical repair has long been the standard treatment for acute iatrogenic... |
the aim of this review of the literature is to ignite the discussion related to the oral care practices of nurses for older acute medical hospitalised patients .
this paper explores the literature related to oral health care for older patients admitted to acute medical wards . caring for older patients with complex m... | oral health care is an essential aspect of nursing care .
there are many variances in the quality and frequency of the oral care that is delivered to patients by nursing staff , such as oral care being given a low priority when compared to other nursing care elements , oral care being neglected , and oral care delive... |
benign prostatic hyperplasia ( bph ) is a histologic diagnosis that refers to the proliferation of smooth muscle and epithelial cells within the prostatic transition zone , for which dihydrotestosterone ( dht ) is the primary androgen responsible in elderly men . as the initial treatment for symptomatic bph , pharmacot... | objectives .
dutasteride , a dual 5-reductase inhibitor , is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia .
nevertheless , its histopathological effects on the morphometrics of blood vessels and glands are still controversial .
the aim here was to assess the histopathological effects of dutasteride in cases of beni... |
a cross - sectional design was employed and written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects taken up for the study .
all asymptomatic hiv patients who were admitted to the hospital at the time of evaluation were included in the study .
staging of hiv seropositive cases was carried out as per centers for... | background : psychiatric morbidity in human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) patients is being studied all over the world .
there is paucity of indian literature particularly in asymptomatic hiv individuals.aim:the aim of the following study is to establish the prevalence and the determinants of psychiatric morbidity i... |
high - frequency ultrasound is a noninvasive diagnostic method with several applications in the field of internal medicine and , recently , clinical dermatology as well as dermatooncology and dermatocosmetics.1,2 it can represent a
noninvasive histological tool for the quantification of the cutaneous structure or of... | ultrasonography allows the quantification of dermal density and echogenicity changes during the physiological senescence process .
some active ingredients are able to slow down the tissular degeneration and disorganization process .
the purpose of this study was to assess the cutaneous changes induced by the topica... |
patellofemoral pain ( pfp ) accounts for approximately 25% of knee injuries in athletes ( taunton et al . , 2002 ) .
pfp patients are often not able to perform exercises like running , as increased patellofemoral joint compression forces ( pfjcf ) may aggravate pfp pathology .
overloading of the patellofemoral join... | patellofemoral pain ( pfp ) is a common injury and increased patellofemoral joint compression forces ( pfjcf ) may aggravate symptoms .
backward running ( br ) has been suggested for exercise with reduced pfjcf.the aims of this study were to ( 1 ) investigate if br had reduced peak pfjcf compared to forward running (... |
developmental dysplasia of the hip ( ddh ) denotes a wide spectrum of pathologic conditions , ranging from subtle acetabular dysplasia to irreducible hip dislocation.1 it is a very common to suspect and diagnose hip dysplasia when the children start walking in india due to lack of screening programme .
the principles... | background : the principles of treatment of congenital dislocation of hip in old children are different than those of infants and neonates .
the purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiographic and functional results of one - stage treatment ( open reduction , femoral shortening derotation , and salter 's osteot... |
the use of electronic health records ( ehrs ) and other electronic clinical systems that capture data about clinical encounters and patient s care continue to grow rapidly.1,2 linking clinically derived data from these different systems can greatly facilitate clinical research and operational and quality initiatives.1 ... | introduction : the use of clinically derived data from electronic health records ( ehrs ) and other electronic clinical systems can greatly facilitate clinical research as well as operational and quality initiatives .
one approach for making these data available is to incorporate data from different sources into a jo... |
conventional glass ionomer cements ( gics ) that undergo setting through an acid - base reaction between an ion - leachable glass and aqueous polyacid.1 they have been widely used in restorative dentistry because of their advantageous properties including biocompatibility,2 adhesion to tooth structure,3 and fluoride re... | objectives : the aim of this study was to evaluate surface roughness and hardness of a nanofiller gic , a resin - modified gic , three conventional gics , and a silver - reinforced gic.methods:for each material , 11 spcecimens were prepared and then stored in distilled water at 37 c for 24 h. the surface roughness of 5... |
skin tumors present in a variety of clinical forms as a result of which they enter into the differential diagnoses of a number of conditions presenting as swellings in the skin and subcutaneous tissue .
the cutaneous adnexal neoplasms , in themselves , constitute a wide spectrum because they can differentiate along o... | a mixed tumor is a neoplasm that has microscopic features of both epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation .
such mixed tumors are known as pleomorphic adenomas in the salivary glands , and their cutaneous counterparts are called chondroid syringomas .
these tumors commonly occur in the head and neck region of mi... |
globally the total incidence of envenoming is as high as 1,841,000 resulting in 94,000 deaths .
india has a high share of this estimated burden of annual envenoming of 81,000 and deaths 11,000 .
an indian study suggested a gross underestimation of snake bite - related deaths in india , which could be three times hi... | limb adorning ornaments ( lao ) can exacerbate the local effects of envenoming in case of venomous snake bite .
cultural presuppositions do inhibit victims from removing symbolically / ritually important jewelry even under circumstances that might increase the dangers of envenoming - induced gangrene formation .
th... |
the majority of gabaergic inhibitory neurons are parvalbumin - positive basket cells , which form perisomatic synapses on excitatory neurons to exert powerful regulation of neuronal firing [ 2 , 3 ] . in visual cortex ,
the maturation of inhibition , especially perisomatic inhibition , is regulated by visual experien... | proper functioning of the visual system depends on maturation of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses within the visual cortex .
considering that perisomatic inhibition is one of the key factors that control the critical period in visual cortex , it is pertinent to understand its regulation by visual experience . ... |
eighteen male new zealand white rabbits weighing 3.4 0.3 kg ( mean standard deviation [ sd ] ) were housed in individual cages in a temperature - controlled room ( 20c22c ) and on a 12-hour light
the animals were fed a diet consisting of regular feed with added 1% cholesterol ( w / w ) for 60 days . on day 30 , ani... | objectivescholesterol - rich nanoemulsions ( lde ) bind to low - density lipoprotein ( ldl ) receptors and after injection into the bloodstream concentrate in aortas of atherosclerotic rabbits .
association of paclitaxel with lde markedly reduces the lesions . in previous studies , treatment of refractory cancer pati... |
ovarian cancer ( oc ) is characterized by malignant transformation of ovarian epithelial , stromal , or germ line cells .
it affects approximately 1 in 70 women and has a poor prognosis ( < 50% , 5-year survival rate ) .
early - stage oc presents no obvious symptoms in the majority of patients , and no effective sc... | ovarian cancer ( oc ) is an aggressive disease that affects approximately 1 in 70 women and has a poor prognosis ( < 50% , 5-year survival rate ) , in part because it is often diagnosed at a late stage .
there are three main types of oc : neoplasms of surface epithelial , germ cell , or stromal origin , with surface ... |
patients taking lithium usually require to take the drug on a long - term basis , which makes the issue of long - term toxicity an important one . among the various side effects recognized , one of the major side effects is the development of various types of thyroid abnormalities .
both the mechanism of its therapeu... | background : lithium , which is frequently used in the treatment of mood disorder , can lead to various types of thyroid dysfunctions .
although clinical examination and biochemical assessment are fundamental to any thyroid work - up of lithium - treated patients , assessment findings vary widely depending on the inv... |
medical professionalism is not a new concept and has always been present throughout the history of medicine in the form of a hippocratic oath taken by physicians .
patient relationship and a successful diagnosis , treatment , and prevention of diseases is the patient 's trust on the physician .
this trust is that t... | abstractalthough medical professionalism is a fundamental aspect of competence in medicine and a distinct facet of physicians competence , evidence suggests that the subject of professionalism is not taught or assessed as part of medical students curricula in iran and many other countries .
assessing the knowledge of... |
peptides are small ( low molecular weight , lmw ) proteins , built up of amino acids connected by peptide bonds .
the shortest peptide is two amino acids long , and with increasing length of the amino acid chain , the name changes from peptide over polypeptide to protein , with a fuzzy border between them .
also th... | although big progress has been made in sample pretreatment over the last years , there are still considerable limitations when it comes to overcoming complexity and dynamic range problems associated with peptide analyses from biological matrices .
being the little brother of proteomics , peptidomics is a relatively n... |
multiplex pcr ( esensor respiratory viral panel ; genmark dx , carlsbad , ca , usa ) for patients seen at a major teaching hospital in alachua county indicated that > 95% of illnesses were caused by h3n2 strains .
influenza a(h3n2 ) virus ha , neuraminidase ( na ) , and matrix ( m ) gene sequences from 5 specimens co... | influenza a(h3n2 ) strains isolated during 201415 in alachua county , florida , usa , belonged to hemagglutinin gene clade 3c.2a .
high rates of influenza - like illness and confirmed influenza cases in children were associated with a decrease in estimated vaccine effectiveness .
illnesses were milder than in 20131... |
hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide , especially in asian countries .
although the mainstay of therapy is surgical resection , the majority of patients are not treated by surgery because of the tumor extent or underlying liver dysfunction . instead of surgical resection ,... | a 71-year - old male patient was readmitted to our hospital 1 month after discharge because of relapse of abdominal pain .
he had been diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) 1 year prior and had undergone repeated transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiotherapy . during the last hospitalization , h... |
our diet is composed of a variety of dietary macronutrients carbohydrates , proteins , fats and fibres .
changes in those nutritional components can act as priming triggers for autoimmunity , whereas the overconsumption of others can lead to cell damage and inflammation .
for instance , the amount of fibre and fat... | it is now convincingly clear that diet is one of the most influential lifestyle factors contributing to the rise of inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity in both developed and developing countries .
in addition , the modern ' western diet ' has changed in recent years with increased caloric intake , and changes in t... |
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