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immunizations are common procedures in the life of most children , preventing diseases that inflict disability or death . the human papillomavirus ( hpv ) vaccination aims to protect against the development of cancer caused by hpv .
administration of the vaccination is recommended before sexual debut in order to maxi... | needle fear is a common problem in children undergoing immunization . to ensure that the individual child 's needs are met during a painful procedure it would be beneficial to be able to predict whether there is a need for extra support .
the self - reporting instrument facial affective scale ( fas ) could have poten... |
after the initial description of the role of the pulmonary veins in initiating and maintaining atrial fibrillation ( af ) , increasing clinical evidence of efficacy and safety of left atrial ablation has been gathered . consequently , catheter ablation of af is performed in increasing numbers and centers [ 3 , 4 ] . de... | objective . despite the use of anticoagulation during left atrial ( la ) ablation procedures , ischemic cerebrovascular accidents ( cvas ) are recognized as a serious complication .
heparin is usually given after safe transseptal access has been obtained , resulting in a short unprotected dwell time of catheters with... |
precise preoperative planning is a vital principle of success in orthopaedic surgery . arguably , no field in medicine is as dependent for its success on accurate planning and implementation of alignment correction and implant placement .
traditionally , preoperative planning has been performed on standard radiograph... | analysis of deformity and subsequent correction are the basis for many orthopaedic surgical procedures . in advanced cases of joint degeneration , arthroplasty may be the only available treatment option . until recently
, these analyses and preoperative surgical plans have been performed using standard radiographs , ... |
metal
ions are both ubiquitous to and crucial in biology . in classical
simulations , they are typically described as simple van der waals
spheres , making it difficult to provide reliable force field descriptions
for them .
an alternative is given by nonbonded dummy models , in which
the central metal atom... | |
chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22 ) ( q34;q11 ) , the philadelphia chromosome ( ph ) .
the resulting breakpoint cluster region - abelson 1 bcr - abl1 oncogene has a deregulated tyrosine kinase activ... | the authors report a rare case of a 48-year - old male with chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) who initially presented with a bilateral proliferative retinopathy .
the patient complained of recent visual loss and floaters in both eyes ( be ) .
ophthalmologic evaluation revealed a best corrected visual acuity ( bcva )... |
multiple injections of insulin is the main form of treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus ( t1 dm ) . however , despite the combination treatment of ultrarapid and longacting insulin , it is not always easy to achieve an ideal blood glucose diurnal profile .
the diabetes control and complications trial ( dcct ) has c... | abstractaims / introduction : patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus often show a precipitous postprandial rise in blood glucose that can not be controlled , even by intensive insulin therapy .
the combined use of an glucosidase inhibitor with insulin seems to be highly beneficial in such cases.materials and method... |
reactive oxygen species ( ros ) such as superoxide ( o2 ) , hydrogen peroxide ( h2o2 ) , and the hydroxyl radical ( oh ) are produced in all aerobic organisms within the cell and are normally in balance with antioxidant molecules .
oxidative stress occurs when this critical balance is disrupted because of depletion o... | oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species , often leading to cell death .
genomic tools are expanding our understanding of the antioxidant defenses aerobes have evolved and the recently discovered role(s ) of reactive oxygen species in signaling . |
according to the centers for disease control and prevention , 9% of us adults meet the criteria for current depression while 3.4% meet the criteria for major depression .
as depression affects such a large portion of the us population , research investigating the risks it imposes is increasing .
depression has been... | diabetic patients are nearly three times as likely to have depression as their nondiabetic counterparts .
patients with diabetes are already at risk for poor cardiovascular health . using cross - sectional data from the translating research into action for diabetes ( triad ) study ,
the authors tested the associati... |
pth modulates osteoblast activity and osteoclast resorption , increases renal tubular reabsorption of calcium , and stimulates conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin d to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d by 1-hydroxylase in the kidney .
in addition , pth acts on bone cells to increase expression of fibroblast growth factor-23 ( fgf-... | background and aims .
high levels of parathyroid hormone ( pth ) appear to be associated with an increased mortality .
previous studies concerning the relationship of inflammatory markers with hyperparathyroidism have yielded inconsistent results .
this study investigated whether serum pth concentrations were ind... |
many environmental pollutants have estrogenic activity in animals .
xenobiotic estrogens include many pesticides and industrial chemicals that biocumulate .
the impact of these common pollutants on the reproductive success of wildlife may be considerable , particularly in threatened or endangered species .
this r... | |
its pathogenesis is related to human papilloma virus ( hpv ) types 6 and 11 .
the occurrence of these lesions is influenced by smoking , co - existent infections , dietary deficiencies and hormonal changes .
squamous papillomas are traditionally divided into two types : isolated - solitary and multiple - recurring ... | oral squamous papillomas are benign proliferating lesions induced by human papilloma virus
. these lesions are painless and slowly growing masses . as an oral lesion ,
it raises concern because of its clinical appearance .
these lesions commonly occur between age 30 and 50 years , and sometimes can occur before t... |
the shoulder and chest muscles regulate normal motion in the shoulder joint by stabilizing
the scapula in the chest while the upper arms are raised1 . the serratus anterior muscle ( sa ) , the upper trapezius muscle ( ut ) ,
the lower trapezius muscle ( lt ) , the rhomboid muscle , and the levator scapula muscle fo... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hand position changes
on electromyographic activity of shoulder stabilizers during push - up plus exercise ( pupe )
performed on both stable and unstable surfaces .
[ subjects ] this study was performed on a
cohort of 20 normal adults divided ... |
in the past two decades , dental implants have become increasingly popular as a procedure to restore missing teeth .
a number of patient and procedure related parameters determine the success of the implant treatment .
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is the most common systemic disease which is generally considered as a r... | purposethe study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of implant supported tooth replacement in diabetic patients.materials and methodsthe study involved placement of implants ( uniti implants , equinox medical technologies , zeist , holland , diameter of 3.7 mm and length 13 mm ) in five diabetic patients ( three fe... |
twenty - eight rhesus monkeys , imported in 2006 from guangxi grandforest scientific primate company , dayiling ping nan county , china were used in this study .
this colony consisted of 23 females weighting 3.70.67 kg , aged 4y 06 m and 5 males weighting 4.00.69 kg , aged 4y 14 m ( table 1 ) . in china farm , these ... | macaque monkeys are good sentinel to humans for environmental pollutions because their similarities in genetic and physiological characteristics .
so , their reference values about exposures to heavy metals are required for proper data interpretation . here ,
we report several heavy metals concentrations in the hai... |
colonoscopy is usually performed to identify or correct a problem in the colon and distal small bowel , and its clinical applications have increased enormously in recent years .
intestinal perforation and hemorrhage are well - known complications of colonoscopy , but the incidence of these problems is very low1 , 2 )... | a 48-year - old woman who was without any abnormal past medical history underwent colonoscopy as a screening procedure for colorectal disease .
the procedure was uneventful and there was no sign of inflammation around the appendicular orifice or the luminal surface of the cecum .
the patient did not complain of pai... |
hydatidosis or human cystic echinococcosis ( ce ) is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease that can be found in people and livestock infected with the larval stage of the tapeworm parasite echinococcus granulosus .
dogs are the primary definitive hosts for this parasite , with livestock and humans acting as intermediate ho... | the aim of the present work was to determine the in vitro effect of t. vulgaris and o. vulgare essential oils against e. granulosus protoscoleces and cysts .
essential oils were added to the medium resulting in thymol final concentrations of 10 g / ml .
the essential oils had a time - dependent effect provoking th... |
this study used cross - sectional data from participants of the 20032004 and 20052006 nhanes study conducted in the u.s .
the three main aspects to the survey are an interview given by a trained interviewer in the participants home , a medical exam completed at a mobile examination center , and laboratory tests .
t... | objectivethis study examined the association between objectively measured sedentary activity and metabolic syndrome among older adults.research design and methodsdata were from 1,367 men and women , aged 60 years who participated in the 20032006 national health and nutrition examination survey ( nhanes ) .
sedentary ... |
spinal intradural lipoma is a rare condition , accounting for < 1% of all spinal cord tumors.1 when encountered , most are found in the lumbosacral region with coinciding spinal dysraphism .
several reports in the literature have discussed spinal cord lipomas , especially in the pediatric population ; however , the... | introduction spinal intradural lipoma is a rare condition , accounting for < 1% of all spinal cord tumors .
spinal cord lipomas are frequently associated with dysraphism and occur in the thoracic spine .
another common finding is that spinal cord lipomas tend to present in the pediatric population
. isolated n... |
severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss causes several deficiencies that are not only sensorial but also social and emotional . characterized by a lack of perception and speech coding , individuals with this degree of hearing loss might need special resources to minimize the consequences of such a loss . with the... | introduction currently the cochlear implant allows access to sounds in individuals with profound hearing loss .
the objective methods used to verify the integrity of the cochlear device and the electrophysiologic response of users have noted these improvements .
objective to establish whether the evoked compound ... |
periodontium is a group of specialized tissues that surround and support the teeth and maintain them in the maxillary and mandibular bones , and it consists of four principal components : gingiva , periodontal ligament , cementum , and alveolar bone .
the inflammatory state of periodontium is called periodontitis , w... | background . severe periodontitis leading to tooth loss is found in 515% of most populations worldwide .
aim .
the applicability of salivary -hexosaminidase ( -hex a% , percentage of -hex a isoenzyme to total -hex ) and -hex b% ( -hex b/-hex ) indexes was investigated as a possible marker of periodontitis .
metho... |
osteoimmunology . an overactive immune response may initiate the onset of inflammatory bone disorders , such as rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) and periodontitis , which can be significant sources of covert systemic inflammation . because the prevalence of ra and periodontitis increases with age
, it is important to rec... | bone is sensitive to overactive immune responses , which initiate the onset of inflammatory bone disorders , such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis , resulting in a significant systemic inflammatory response . on the other hand ,
neuroinflammation is strongly implicated in alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) , which ... |
treatment of adhesions can be expensive , and in some cases , life - threatening . in spite of the large number of surgical operations performed daily , the mechanism of peritoneal adhesion is not well understood .
previous reports have shown that peritoneal injury is triggered by leakage of plasma proteins , followe... | we recently found that chemokine - driven peritoneal cell aggregation is the primary mechanism of postoperative adhesion in a mouse model . to investigate this in humans , paired
samples of peritoneal lavage fluid were obtained from seven patients immediately after incision ( preoperative ) and before closure ( posto... |
the cell cycle is a fundamental cellular process that governs the ability of cells to divide .
control of the cell cycle is crucial for the generation of tissues from dividing stem cells , such as the development of the nervous system .
exit from the cell cycle is associated with the control of differentiation beca... | summaryduring the development of the nervous system , apicobasally polarized stem cells are characterized by a shorter cell cycle than nonpolar progenitors , leading to a lower differentiation potential of these cells .
however , how polarization might be directly linked to the kinetics of the cell cycle is not unde... |
extrapulmonary complications of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection involving the central nervous system ( cns ) are not rare . according to previous reports , encephalitis , meningoencephalitis , aseptic meningitis , transverse myelitis , acute disseminated encephalomyelitis , and guillain - barr syndrome
have been asso... | we report a case of a 5-year - old girl who developed left hemiparesis and left facial palsy , 6 days after the initiation of fever and respiratory symptoms due to pneumonia .
chest radiography , conducted upon admission , showed pneumonic infiltration and pleural effusion in the left lung field .
brain magnetic re... |
the hard tissue of human teeth is composed of enamel , cementum and dentin . multinucleated cells called odontoclasts resorb root dental hard tissues9.the resorption of hard tissue in primary teeth is a normal physiologic phenomenon that leads to their exfoliation and ultimately the transition to permanent dentition . ... | objective : the aim of this study was to examine if there are qualitative differences in the appearance of external root resorption patterns of primary teeth undergoing physiologic resorption and permanent teeth undergoing pathological root resorption in different conditions.material and methods : a total of 40 teeth u... |
members of the nuclear factor - kappa b ( nf-baaabbreviations : pkc , protein kinase c , nf-b , nuclear factor - kappa b ; ib , inhibitor of nf-b ; ikk , b- kinase ; carma , caspase recruitment domain ( card ) carrying member of the membrane associated guanylate kinase ( maguk ) family proteins ; bcl-10 , b - cell lymp... | a unique series of biologically active chemical probes that selectively inhibit nf-b activation induced by protein kinase c ( pkc ) pathway activators have been identified through a cell - based phenotypic reporter gene assay .
these 2-aminobenzimidazoles represent initial chemical tools to be used in gaining further... |
mild cognitive impairment ( mci ) is considered to be the transitional phase between normal
aging and dementia and is recognized as the prodromal stage of alzheimer s disease ( ad ) ,
which is the most common form of dementia1 .
evidence from neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have
suggested that mild ... | [ purpose ] older adults experience exhaustion - induced health problems , such as poor
physical function and low physical activity levels .
the associations between self - reported
exhaustion and physical function and activity are not clear in older adults with mild
cognitive impairment ( mci ) .
the aim of ... |
septic complications of central venous catheters ( cvcs ) remain a significant cause of patient morbidity and mortality both in the intensive care unit ( icu ) and on general hospital wards .
approximately 25% of cvcs inserted have been reported to become colonised , with rates of catheter - related blood stream infe... | a relationship between central venous catheter ( cvc ) tip colonisation and catheter - related blood - stream infection ( crbsi ) has been suggested .
we examined culture positivity of cvc tips ( colonised and infected cvcs ) in a total parenteral nutrition ( tpn ) population .
our aims were to define the relations... |
the initial treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer ( dtc ) includes surgery and selective administration of radioactive iodine ( rai ) .
rai has shown to decrease mortality and recurrence in high risk patients , and it is considered an important component of the treatment in invasive or metastatic disease [ 1 , 2... | context . radioiodine ( rai ) administration has adverse effects in patients treated for thyroid cancer ( dtc ) , but there is scarce information regarding their intensity and duration .
objective . to evaluate frequency and intensity of early and late rai - related symptoms in patients with dtc
. design .
observ... |
osteoporosis is a disorder of low bone mass and damaged skeletal architecture resulting in impaired bone strength and an increased risk of fragility fracture . during the past 20 years
, several classes of drugs with different mechanisms of action have been shown to protect patients with osteoporosis from fragility f... | although several effective therapies are available for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and older men , there remains a need for the development of even more effective and acceptable drugs .
several new drugs that are in late - stage clinical development will be discussed .
abaloparatide ( reco... |
the study was performed between september 2004 and december 2009 at three study sites in sweden , finland , and the netherlands .
, 150 patients were screened of which 69 patients were randomized using a permutated block randomization scheme stratified by site and screenings for hba1c to receive exe or glar in additi... | objectivewe previously showed that exenatide ( exe ) enhanced insulin secretion after 1 year of treatment , relative to insulin glargine ( glar ) , with a similar glucose - lowering action .
these effects were not sustained after a 4-week off - drug period .
this article reports the results after additional 2 years... |
ca release from intracellular stores is mediated by two major classes of intracellular channels , ryanodine and ins(1,4,5)p3 receptors .
mammalian genomes encode three ins(1,4,5)p3 receptor genes , type 13 , with disparate tissue distribution and molecular regulation .
the ins(1,4,5)p3 receptor is a complex signal ... | the ins(1,4,5)p3 receptor acts as a central hub for ca2 + signaling by integrating multiple signaling modalities into ca2 + release from intracellular stores downstream of g - protein and tyrosine kinase - coupled receptor stimulation . as such ,
the ins(1,4,5)p3 receptor plays fundamental roles in cellular physiolog... |
diseases of the myocardium associated with cardiac disfunction by world health organization ( who ) , and it is an important cause of chronic congestive cardiac failure in children .
the reported incidence for cardiomyopathies is 1,13 - 1,24 per 100,000 children 1 , 2 .
although the pathogenesis of disease is not ... | myocardial inflammation is one of the commonest mechanisms in cardiomyopathy ( cmp ) .
mannose binding lectin ( mbl ) is a key molecule in innate immunity , while macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( mif ) is a constitutive element of the host defenses .
we investigated the possible association between polymorp... |
the sporadic ( i.e. , non - familial ) form of the alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) syndrome ( sads , where the first s is for sporadic , and the second s is for syndrome ) is by far the most common form of this disorder , and appears to result from a more or less individually unique set of converging risk factors... | despite well over a century of research on all forms of the disorder known as alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) , it is still not known whether the condition targets initially neurons , glial cells , other cellular elements in the brain , or components of cells , such as synapses , or molecules independently of their cellula... |
quantitative genetic analyses using twin , family and adoption designs have demonstrated that familial resemblance in body mass index ( bmi ) is largely due to genetic similarity , with high heritability estimates reported from twin studies ( 4790% ) , and moderate - to - high estimates from family ( 2481% ) and adopti... | known single - nucleotide polymorphisms ( snps ) explain < 2% of the variation in body mass index ( bmi ) despite the evidence of > 50% heritability from twin and family studies , a phenomenon termed missing heritability ' .
using dna alone for unrelated individuals , a novel method ( in a software package called ge... |
subjects were recruited from the cacti study cohort described previously ( 38 ) for a hyperinsulinemic - euglycemic clamp substudy .
inclusion criteria for initial enrollment of type 1 diabetic subjects in the cacti study were age 19 to 56 , no history of cvd , insulin therapy within a year of diagnosis and current i... | objectiveto assess insulin action on peripheral glucose utilization and nonesterified fatty acid ( nefa ) suppression as a predictor of coronary artery calcification ( cac ) in patients with type 1 diabetes and nondiabetic controls.research design and methodsinsulin action was measured by a three - stage hyperinsulinem... |
the pathophysiology of thrombogenesis is not fully understood yet and the risk of venous thrombotic complications varies according to age , histologic type of renal disease , and level of serum albumin .
deep venous thrombosis , renal vein thrombosis , and pulmonary embolism are common in nephrotic syndrome , whereas... | thromboembolism is a major complication of nephrotic syndrome .
renal vein thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis are relatively common , especially in membranous nephropathy .
however , the incidence of portal vein and superior mesenteric vein ( smv ) thrombosis in patients with nephrotic syndrome is very rare . to d... |
there is an urgent
need to better understand the molecular factors
that govern influenza a virus ( iav ) virulence .
seasonal ( human - adapted )
iav is a major cause of morbidity and mortality each year , but the
pandemic potential of iav strains that originate in animal hosts poses
an even more serious th... | deletions in the
stalk of the influenza neuraminidase ( na ) surface
protein are associated with increased virulence , but the mechanisms
responsible for this enhanced virulence are unclear . here
we use microsecond
molecular dynamics simulations to explore the effect of stalk deletion
on enzymatic activity... |
one of the most important ways to manage the behavior of children is pain control .
since a deep anesthesia is necessary in all dental treatments , a comfortable injection with minimal pain and no injury has a considerable importance .
in fact , a local anesthesia induced by a single injection not only provides the... | background : the most common technique to anesthetize mandibular primary teeth is inferior alveolar ( i.a ) nerve block injection which induces a relatively sustained anesthesia and in turn may potentially traumatize soft - tissues .
therefore , the need of having an alternative technique of anesthesia with a shorter... |
lung cancer is one of the absolute priorities in oncology because of its mortality , incidence , social and economic impact .
the lack of clinical signs at the early stages and therapeutic inefficiency for advanced stages , lead to the evidence that early diagnosis should reduce lung cancer related mortality , as in ... | the lethality of lung cancer is related to the advanced stage at diagnosis .
initial studies have demonstrated that screening computed tomography ( ct ) is effective in diagnosing lung cancer at an earlier stage when compared with current clinical practice , however the best clinical approach for screening detected n... |
the role of aggregate formation in the pathophysiology of huntington s disease ( hd ) remains uncertain .
however , the temporal appearance of aggregates tends to correlate with the onset of symptoms and the numbers of neuropil aggregates correlate with the progression of clinical disease .
using highly sensitive i... | |
the diagnosis in verrucous lesions of the oral cavity can range from verrucous hyperplasia to verrucous proliferative leukoplakia ( vpl ) , and verrucous carcinoma .
vpl is a distinct entity among these , and it has a high potential for malignant transformation . the present study evaluates the clinico - pathological... | objective : verrucous lesions of the oral cavity can be of varied histopathology .
the present study evaluates the clinico - pathological features of verrucous lesions of the oral cavity and analyzes the treatment outcomes.materials and methods : this is a retrospective study of 15 consecutive patients who presented ... |
aspergillus ochraceoroseus ( atcc 38873 ) and aspergillus rambellii ( atcc 42001 ) are two fungal organisms that were first characterized in 1978 ( bartoli and maggi 1978 ) .
both were named a. ochraceoroseus until a more thorough comparison , decades later , revealed differences which resulted in renaming one of the... | aspergillus ochraceoroseus and aspergillus rambellii were isolated from soil detritus in ta national park , ivory coast , africa .
the type strain for each species happens to be the only representative ever sampled .
both species secrete copious amounts of aflatoxin b1 and sterigmatocystin , because each of their g... |
rosacea is a persistent and recurrent inflammatory condition of the middle face as a rule .
classical morphology rosacea frequent subtypes are the erythematotelangiectatic ( et ) rosacea and the papulopustular ( pp ) rosacea , while the other anatomoclinical forms are the granulomatous ( or lupoid ) rosacea , the phy... | background .
rosacea is a chronic skin disease , possibly following the neurogenic skin inflammation model .
neurokinin b , involved in the pathogenesis of parkinson 's disease , frequently coexisting with subsequent onset of rosacea , is an endogenous ligand of the tachykinin receptor 3 ( tacr3 )
. methods .
1... |
in normal human epidermis , each melanocyte associates with approximately 35 keratinocytes to form an
the keratinocytes in each unit exert considerable control over the behavior of the associated melanocyte , via interactions of cell - cell adhesion molecules and release of paracrine factors . ultraviolet radiation (... | calprotectin , a heterodimer of s100a8 and s100a9 , is a proinflammatory cytokine released from ultraviolet radiation - exposed keratinocytes .
calprotectin binds to toll - like receptor 4 , the receptor for advanced glycation end - products , and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer on target cells to stim... |
idiopathic adulthood ductopenia ( iad ) was first proposed as a condition characterized by chronic cholestasis by ludwig et al . in 1988 .
currently , the diagnosis of iad is considered with adult or adolescent onset , biochemical evidence of cholestatic liver disease , evidence of ductopenia by liver biopsy with nor... | idiopathic adulthood ductopenia ( iad ) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology characterized by adult onset , an absence of autoantibodies , inflammatory bowel disease , and a loss of interlobular bile ducts . in the present report
, a case fulfilling the iad criteria is described .
a 19-year - ... |
the present study aimed to collate the findings from observational studies reporting psychological distress among amputees in india . the search strategy included electronic search engine databases : pubmed , psychinfo , and google scholar .
the keywords for the search were amputation , india , and psychological dist... | amputation is a major health burden on the families , society , and on medical services as well .
traumatic limb amputation is a catastrophic injury and an irreversible act which is sudden and emotionally devastating for the victims .
in addition , it causes inability to support self and the family and driving many... |
this process includes dna and chromatin modifications by methylation , acetylation , phosphorylation , ubiquitylation , and sumolyation .
epigenetic processes are natural and essential to many organism functions , but if they occur improperly , they may result in major adverse health effects .
the best known epigen... | summaryalthough hodgkin lymphoma ( hl ) is considered one of the most curable human cancers , the treatment of patients with relapsed and refractory disease , especially those who relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation , remains challenging . furthermore , because of the young age of these patients , the im... |
we describe a unique case of a plexiform neurofibroma involving the celiac and hepatic plexus in a healthy child without stigmata of neurofibromatosis type 1 ( nf-1 ) . given both the anatomic and functional details , magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) has proven to be the modality of choice for both diagnosis and foll... | plexiform neurofibroma with involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is a very rare entity in children . here
, we present a rather unique case of a 9-year - old boy with no clinical signs or features of neurofibromatosis type 1 . a periportal mass lesion was incidentally found after performing an ultrasound in this... |
antiepileptic drugs ( aeds ) are used in the treatment of epilepsy , pain , and psychiatric disorders , .
hepatic and renal status may impact the efficacy and toxicity associated with aeds which requires awareness by clinicians in multiple specialties and appropriate dose adjustments .
gabapentin is an aed approved... | gabapentin , an aed approved for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures with / without secondary generalization and for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia , is frequently used off - label for the treatment of both psychiatric and pain disorders .
since gabapentin is cleared solely by renal excretion , dosi... |
in early 1954 mead
has defined an impacted tooth as a tooth that is prevented from
erupting into position because of malposition , lack of space , or
other impediments .
later peterson ,
characterized impacted teeth as those teeth that fails to erupt
into the dental arch within the expected time . in 2004 f... | abstractobjectivesthe purpose of present
article was to review impacted mandibular third molar aetiology , clinical
anatomy , radiologic examination , surgical treatment and possible complications ,
as well as to create new mandibular third molar impaction and extraction
difficulty degree classification based o... |
type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia , insulin resistance , and an impairment in insulin secretion . in the late nineteenth century , william osler described diabetes as a rare disorder more likely to develop in obese people and patients with gout .
he estimated its prevalence as approximately t... | diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome are becoming leading causes of death in the world . identifying
the etiology of diabetes is key to prevention . despite the similarity in their structures , fructose and glucose
are metabolized in different ways .
uric acid , a byproduct of uncontrolled fructose metabo... |
we report the first autopsy findings of a personalized external aortic root support ( pears ) operation , which confirm the incorporation of the mesh into the aortic adventitia as was shown in sheep .
our patient had a typical marfan phenotype with a characteristic habitus , pectus excavatum and a dislocated lens .
... | in 2008 , a 26-year old man had personalized external aortic root support ( pears ) with a macroporous mesh .
he was the 16th of 46 patients to have this operation .
he had a typical marfan habitus .
his mother died of this disease as did his brother , with an aortic dissection .
the patient himself died sudden... |
the designs of the health professionals follow - up study ( hpfs ) and nurses health study ( nhs ) have been described ( 10,11 ) .
men , all health professionals , who were 4075 years of age in 1986 ; and the nhs enrolled 121,700 u.s .
women , all registered nurses , who were 3055 years of age in 1976 . in both coh... | objectiveemerging in vitro and animal evidence suggests that methylmercury could increase type 2 diabetes , but little evidence exists in humans .
we aimed to prospectively determine associations of mercury exposure , as assessed by biomarker measurement , with incident diabetes.research design and methodswe used neu... |
inherited metabolic disorders ( imds ) are a complex group of genetic conditions in which an enzyme deficiency prevents normal metabolism . when the enzyme deficiency prevents normal use of nutrients , effective treatment of the associated imd depends primarily on dietary restriction because use of off - the - shelf fo... | purposetreatment of inherited metabolic disorders is accomplished by use of specialized diets employing medical foods and medically necessary supplements .
families seeking insurance coverage for these products express concern that coverage is often limited ; the extent of this challenge is not well defined.methodsto... |
angiostrongyliasis , gnathostomiasis , toxocariasis , lymphoma , and drugs can produce eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid ( csf ) .
eosinophilic meningitis is defined as the presence of 10 eosinophils / ml in the cerebrospinal fluid ( csf ) or at least 10% eosinophils in total csf leukocyte count .
we describe ... | eosinophilic meningitis may be caused by non - infectious and infectious agents .
angiostrongylus cantonensis is the commonest causative agent of eosinophilic meningitis .
rats are the primary hosts of this parasite .
humans get infected by ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked hosts ( snails or monitor lizard ... |
multiple sclerosis ( ms ) is a chronic auto immune disease that affects all aspects of patient 's lives .
physical , emotional , cognitive , intellectual , sexual , and social feature of their lives are impaired .
health - related quality of life ( qol ) is defined as individual 's perception of function and health... | background : multiple sclerosis ( ms ) affects all aspects of patients .
recently , the perception de la sclerose en plaques et de ses poussees ( persepp ) scale was designed to assess ms - related relapse on quality of life ( qol ) .
the aim of this study was to evaluate validity and reliability of persian versi... |
a large amount of norepinephrine ( ne ) is released from sympathetic nerves during acute myocardial ischemia .
ne participates in ischemic preconditioning ( ipc ) during short - term myocardial ischemia , which can reduce myocardial injury induced by long - term myocardial ischemia and the incidence of arrhythmias . ... | abnormal increase in sympathetic nerve sprouting was responsible for the ventricular arrhythmogenesis after myocardial infarction .
this study investigated whether the norepinephrine transporter inhibitor , desipramine , can modulate sympathetic remodeling and ventricular fibrillation threshold ( vft ) after myocardi... |
this is a video describing shidham s method for cell block preparation from liquid based cytology ( lbc ) specimen using histogeltm ( thermo scientific ) ( hg ) .
as compared to other random approaches , the following are the two critical features of this protocol for preparing cell blocks from relatively hypocellula... | this video demonstrates shidham 's method for preparation of cell blocks from liquid based cervicovaginal cytology specimens containing individually scattered cells and small cell groups .
this technique uses histogel ( thermo scientific ) with conventional laboratory equipment.the use of cell block sections is a val... |
skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the united states and causes significant morbidity and mortality .
inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) is a chronic autoimmune condition that is associated with increased risk of development of skin cancer .
proposed mechanisms predisposing ibd patients to skin cancer... | objective . patients with inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) are at increased risk from skin cancer . aims include assessing ibd patients ' risk factors and knowledge of skin cancer and current skin protection practices to identify gaps in patient education regarding skin cancer prevention in ibd
. methods .
ibd pa... |
olfactory receptor neurons ( orns ) in fish and amphibia have been shown to respond to various groups of odorants , e.g. , prostaglandins ( sorensen et al . , 1988 ; kitamura et al . , 1994 ) , nucleotides ( kang and caprio , 1995 ) , bile acids ( kang and caprio , 1995 ; sato and suzuki , 2001 ) , and amino acids ( ca... | in olfactory receptor neurons ( orns ) of aquatic animals amino acids have been shown to be potent stimuli . here
we report on calcium imaging experiments in slices of the olfactory mucosa of xenopus laevis tadpoles .
we were able to determine the response profiles of 283 orns to 19 amino acids , where one profile ... |
nephrotic syndrome ( ns ) in children is typically idiopathic , but may also occur secondary to other diseases including eosinophilic disorders1234 ) .
eosinophilic gastroenteritis ( eg ) is an eosinophilic disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation of the gastrointestinal ( gi ) tract56 ) .
there have been... | eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease characterized by prominent eosinophilic tissue infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract . here , we report a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in an 18-year - old patient with prolonged nephrotic syndrome who presented with abdominal pain and peripheral hypereosinophi... |
the following case report highlights a potentially life threatening complication of undertaking an incision biopsy on a soft tissue tumour , namely surgically uncontrollable haemorrhage from an unsuspected vascular lake .
the case report demonstrates the value of interventional radiology for acute bleeding and radiot... | epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare , highly malignant tumour with a poor prognosis .
we present the case of a 75 year old man who underwent an incision biopsy to diagnose the soft tissue tumour and suffered from surgically uncontrollable haemorrhage .
the case report demonstrates the value of interventional radiolo... |
depression and anxiety are common mental health disorders ; however , the risks for depression and anxiety are not distributed equally .
women are twice as likely as men to experience depression and generalized anxiety disorder due to a variety of biological and social factors [ 1 , 2 ]
. women 's hormonal fluctuat... | background .
we examined factors associated with depression and anxiety in a cohort of low - income baltimore women .
methods .
we used pathways to adulthood data , a cohort of adults aged 27 to 33 who were born in baltimore between 1960 and 1965 .
our outcomes were a score of > 4 on the general health question... |
ogilvie 's syndrome is rare type of acute intestinal pseudoobstruction associated with spontaneous massive dilation of cecum and proximal colon in the absence of mechanical obstruction .
colonic pseudoobstruction is most often seen in postsurgical patients and in medical patients with multiple comorbidities .
exact... | key clinical messagethis case highlights the rare diagnosis of ogilvie 's syndrome after minor surgery in a private hospital where facilities and expertise are generally sparse . it shows the importance of knowledge of the subject , proper assessment , accurate diagnosis , and early input from seniors is crucial to pre... |
the nutrition care process ( ncp ) , developed by the american dietetic association ( now the academy of nutrition and dietetics ) , was designed to improve the consistency and quality of individualized care for patients / clients or groups and the predictability of the patients / client outcome .
it consists of four... | the nutrition care process ( ncp ) , developed by the american dietetic association , is a significant issue to dietetic professionals in many countries and there are rising needs for ncp implementation in korea .
we surveyed clinical nutrition managers of korean general hospitals regarding the perception of ncp , th... |
flowers of n. indicum were collected from the local area of vidharbha region and authenticated from the department of botany , amravati university , amravati .
flowers were dried in shade and coarsely powdered weighing 1 kg was extracted with ethyl acetate by maceration process for 7 days .
the extract of n. indicu... | aim : the aim of this study was to analyze the ethyl acetate extract of nerium indicum ( nie ) flower for its antioxidant effect in anxious sprague
dawley rats.materials and methods : animals were divided into six groups ( n = 6 ) and treated with 200 mg / kg and 400 mg / kg p.o .
of nie for 21 days to assess its p... |
celem pracy jest ocena moliwoci diagnostyki nowotworw neuroendokrynnych jelita cienkiego przy uyciu ultrasonografii poprzez identyfikacj zmian w krezce .
w okresie od 1996 do 2013 roku zgromadzono 17 chorych ( 9 kobiet i 8 mczyzn w rednim wieku 57 lat ) z nowotworem neuroendokrynnym w jelicie cienkim .
wszystkie ob... | neuroendocrine tumors make up an interesting pathology of a variable clinical picture , prognosis , localization , endocrine activity and degree of malignancy.aimthe aim of this paper is to assess whether ultrasonography can be helpful in diagnosing neuroendocrine tumors in the small intestine by analyzing changes in t... |
since the advent of icodextrin in 1994 , its use is continuously increasing in peritoneal dialysis ( pd ) patients .
it has proven advantage in ultrafiltration failure , high transport peritoneal membranes , and diabetics as compared to standard glucose based dialysate . with successful result of a case of single noc... | we analyzed the outcome of incremental dialysis with single nocturnal icodextrin exchange peritoneal dialysis ( pd ) as the initial treatment for end - stage kidney failure in patients who have significant residual renal function .
all adult patients opting for pd as renal replacement therapy , having residual renal ... |
1.26 mol of lipids in chloroform ( typical lipid composition : dopc(1,2-dioleoyl - sn - glycero-3-phosphocholine):dopg(1,2-di-(9z - octadecenoyl)-sn - glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac - glycerol ) ) : mpb ( 1,2-dioleoyl - sn - glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine - n-[4-(p - maleimidophenyl ) butyramide ) = 4:1:5 molar ratio , all l... | vaccines based on recombinant proteins avoid toxicity and anti - vector immunity associated with live vaccine ( e.g. , viral ) vectors , but their immunogenicity is poor , particularly for cd8 + t - cell ( cd8 t ) responses .
synthetic particles carrying antigens and adjuvant molecules have been developed to enhance ... |
an 8-year - old girl presented with a progressively enlarging mass in the right conjunctival fornix composed of normal appearing eyelashes . the patient had a history of aberrant conjunctival eyelash growth that had caused recurrent conjunctivitis in her right eye over the past few years .
the mass was surgically ... | purposeto describe a previously unreported presentation of a conjunctival dermoid.case reportan 8-year - old girl presented with a progressively enlarging mass in the right conjunctival fornix composed of normal appearing eyelashes .
the patient had a history of aberrant conjunctival eyelash growth that had caused re... |
overproduced free radicals or a weakened natural antioxidant system can often lead to the oxidative stress that may eventually result in oxidative injury and diseases .
modern medical studies have shown that a variety of free radicals caused by oxidation in various tissues is one of the important factors of organic d... | aim : antioxidant activity is one of the important indexes for estimating medicinal value for the traditional chinese medicine . the aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant activity of 11 flavonoids mainly revealing luteolin as mother nucleus isolated from pyrethrum tatsienense.materials and methods : the a... |
in the previous issue of critical care , rodriguez - nunez and coworkers report their experience with terlipressin in 16 children with refractory septic shock . over the past few years
there has been much interest in the use of terlipressin in such settings , both in adults [ 2 - 6 ] and children [ 7 - 10 ] .
the... | use of terlipressin , an analogue of vasopressin , can be considered in septic shock patients with intractable hypotension and high cardiac output in whom fluid resuscitation and high - dose conventional catecholamines have failed .
the effects of this agent on organ function are poorly evaluated in humans .
the li... |
infection is acquired either by contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated milk or dairy products .
the disease has major economic impact not only due to time lost by patients from normal daily activities but also due to the loss in animal husbandry [ 1 , 2 ] .
indeed , brucellosis is characterise... | the incidence of human brucellosis is not documented in rwanda despite several reports on the disease in cattle . because brucellosis has been associated with abortion , the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of positive serology in women presenting with abortion and/or stillbirth .
the study was don... |
the neuroimaging intermediate phenotype is conceptually analogous to an intermediate phenotype for common complex medical disorders .
it is logical to assume that genes would show stronger associations with the biological substrates contributing to risk of a disorder , with measurable quantitative traits along a path... | we review critical trends in imaging genetics as applied to schizophrenia research , and then discuss some future directions of the field .
a plethora of imaging genetics studies have investigated the impact of genetic variation on brain function , since the paradigm of a neuroimaging intermediate phenotype for schiz... |
lung cancer is the most common fatal cancer worldwide and has become the leading cause of cancer deaths in korea
the risk of human cancer can be associated with environmental , occupational , and recreational exposures to carcinogens ( 2 ) .
oncogenesis is related with epigenetic changes , oncogenes , tumor suppres... | small cell lung cancer ( sclc ) is one of the most fatal cancers in humans and many factors are known to be related to its poor prognosis .
immunohistochemical ( ihc ) stainings were done on sclc specimens in order to investigate the prognostic value of the apoptosis - related gene expression and the tumor proliferat... |
the common cold , an acute infection properly known as cold syndrome , is the most common human illness .
the majority of cases of cold syndrome are acute infections of the upper respiratory tract , and its major cause is viral infection . from 30 to 50% of cases of cold syndrome
conventional methods of treatment... | the common cold is one of the most frequent illnesses caused by viral infection .
recently , we have reported that oral administration of cystine and theanine ( ct ) to mice enhanced the humoral immune response associated with antibody production .
based on this mouse study , we investigated the effects of ct suppl... |
focused electron beam
induced deposition ( febid ) , which also goes
by the alternative names of focused electron beam induced processing
( febip ) or simply as electron beam induced deposition ( ebid ) , is a
promising technique for the direct writing of patterns
onto solid surfaces .
it operates at a re... | electron addition to cobalt tricarbonyl
nitrosyl ( co(co3no ) and its clusters has been explored
in helium nanodroplets .
anions
were formed by adding electrons with controlled energies , and reaction
products were identified by mass spectrometry .
dissociative electron
attachment ( dea ) to the co(co)3no... |
available data indicates that the prevalence of periodontal disease is very high in several african countries affecting all age groups .
libya is one of the north african country in the mediterranean region and sebha is the largest city situated in the south of the libyan arab jamahiriya and located in the middle of ... | the present study was aimed at assessing the periodontal status and risk factors like age , gender , tooth brushing habit , and smoking among the adult population of sebha city , libya .
452 adults , aged 3554 years , comprised the study sample .
266 ( 58.84% ) were females and 186 ( 41.15% ) were males .
data wa... |
malignant cells infiltrate the subarachnoid space and cerebral pia mater , causing meningeal irritation and cranial nerve symptoms .
mc is frequently diagnosed in patients with breast cancer , lung cancer , lymphoma or leukemia as well as tumors of the central nervous system ( cns ) , mostly medulloblastoma .
intra... | a 62-year - old woman with breast cancer received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by breast - conserving surgery and sentinel node biopsy . during adjuvant endocrine therapy with aromatase inhibitor
, she developed multiple bone metastases .
thereafter , she received tamoxifen and zoledronate therapy . in may 201... |
a replication - deficient recombinant adenovirus expressing human hsp72 was constructed using the adeasy system ( qbiogene , carlsbad , ca , usa ) .
the cdna for hsp72 ( approved gene symbol hspa1a ) was amplified by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) using total rna extracted from hela cells t... | purposeto assess whether the expression of heat shock protein 72 ( hsp72 ) protects rat retinal ganglion cells ( rgc-5 ) from apoptotic cell death.methodshsp72 expression in rgc-5 cells transduced with replication - deficient recombinant adenovirus was analyzed by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence .
the ef... |
the inferior alveolar ( ian ) and lingual nerves can be injured by many dental or maxillofacial surgical procedures involving the mandible ( third molar extraction , placement of endosseous implants , excision , osteotomy ) . due to compression , stretching , or laceration of the alveolar or lingual nerves during surgi... | iatrogenic injury of the inferior alveolar or lingual nerves frequently leads to legal actions for damage and compensation for personal suffering .
the masseter inhibitory reflex ( mir ) is the most used neurophysiological tool for the functional assessment of the trigeminal mandibular division .
aiming at measurin... |
human brucellosis remains the most common zoonotic disease worldwide , with more than 500,000 new cases annually 1 .
it is caused by gram - negative bacteria , brucella spp . and is transmissible to humans through direct contact with infected animals , consumption of dairy products , or inhalation of aerosols 2 .
i... | purpose : brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease and still constitutes a major public health problem . in the study we claimed to identify brucella species from clinical samples of patients with active brucellosis from van region of eastern anatolia and to determine in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of these... |
people living with cancer experience a variety of symptoms - such as pain , worry , depression , diarrhea , cough , shortness of breath , nausea , weakness , fatigue , fever , and confusion .
lack of care results in untreated symptoms that hamper an individual 's ability to continue his or her activities of daily liv... | background : people living with cancer experience wide variety of symptoms .
if symptoms are not managed well , it may hamper an individual 's ability to continue his or her activities of daily life .
treatment of symptoms relieves suffering and improves the rate of recovery as well as the quality of life.objective... |
the classic account , made by dandy & blackfan in 1914 * , where autopsies showed severe hypertentorial hydrocephalus , cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle , small vermis , removal of the cerebelar hemispheres and absence of the roof of the fourth ventricle , thickening and opacity of the pia - arachnoid cisterna... | summary
introduction : dandy walker syndrome is a congenital abnormality in the central nervous system , characterized by a deficiency in the development of middle cerebelar structures , cystic dilatation of the posterior pit communicating with the fourth ventricle and upward shift of the transverse sinuses , tentor... |
for patients of congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( cah ) with ambiguous genitalia ( ag ) , the decision of gender assignment and sex of rearing can be complex , especially if the genitalia are highly virilized . while assigning gender , apart from karyotype and prenatal androgen exposure , sociocultural influences , and ... | background : in congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( cah ) with ambiguous genitalia , assigning gender of rearing can be complex , especially if genitalia is highly virilized . apart from karyotype , prenatal androgen exposure , patient 's gender orientation , sociocultural , and parental influences play a role .
the aim... |
pyomyositis is charactarized by abscesses in the skeletal muscles of mainly the pelvis and lower extremities and is rarely seen in temperate regions . due to an increase in immunocompromised patients the incidence of pyomyositis is rising in the western world .
we describe a case of a young man with tenderness of his... | pyomyositis is a bacterial infectious disease of the large skeletal muscles , mostly seen in tropical regions .
a case with such a multitude of abscesses has never been described in the western world , nor following an h1n1 infection .
we report of a 31 year old man who presented himself with complaints of muscle p... |
accessory spleen ( supernumerary spleen , splenule , or splenunculus ) is a focus healthy of splenic tissue separated from the main body of the spleen .
we present a case of acute torsion of a previously diagnosed huge accessory spleen in a young patient .
a 20-year - old woman was admitted to our department with a... | introductionaccessory spleen is a rare condition .
torsion of accessory spleen can lead to acute abdomen.presentation of casewe describe a young woman with an acute abdomen caused by torsion of accessory spleen . abdominal computed tomography angiography ( cta )
demonstrated an ischemic giant accessory spleen with ... |
a 39-year - old male patient presented with a slow - growing , painless , scrotal enlargement with a soft consistency growing over a 2-year duration .
recently , another 2 cm sized , ovoid lesion had been newly palpated on the contralateral spermatic cord area .
his medical history revealed no evidence of previous ... | an extratesticular scrotal epidermoid cyst is a relatively very rare condition , and an epidermoid cyst arising from the spermatic cord area is extremely rare .
we report a case of multiple epidermoid cysts arising from the extratesticular scrotum , spermatic cord , and lower extremities . to our best knowledge , con... |
we studied 29 eyes of 25 patients with exudative armd complicated by rap of variable onset that were identified from january , 2007 to january , 2011 .
the diagnosis of rap was based on angiographic evidence ( fa and icga ) of an intraretinal neovascular complex connected with the retinal circulation , the patients w... | purposeto identify the unique pathologic findings of retinal angiomatous proliferation ( rap ) in optical coherence tomography ( oct).methodsretrospectively , 29 eyes of 25 patients with age - related macular degeneration and complicated rap were analyzed .
all 29 eyes had choroidal neovascularization ( cnv ) in the ... |
one hundred and eighteen postmenopausal women ( no menstruation for 12 months ) , aged 5174 years and receiving standard u.k .
care for type 2 diabetes ( including statin therapy , established for 12 months and glycemic target of hba1c of 7.0% ) were recruited through general practitioners , specialist diabetes clini... | objectiveto assess the effect of dietary flavonoids on cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) risk in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes on established statin and hypoglycemic therapy.research design and methodsdespite being medicated , patients with type 2 diabetes have elevated cvd risk , particularly postmenopausal w... |
the combination of external beam radiotherapy ( ebrt ) , chemotherapy and brachytherapy ( bt ) is the standard treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer .
image - guided adaptive brachytherapy ( igabt ) has been widely adopted during the last years [ 1 , 2 ] and guidelines have been published for treatment planni... | purposethe goal of this study was to determine the dose contributions from image guided adaptive brachytherapy ( igabt ) to individual suspicious pelvic lymph nodes ( plnn ) in cervical cancer patients .
data were collected in two cancer centers , university of pittsburgh cancer institute ( upci ) and university medi... |
hypertensive encephalopathy ( he ) is heralded by headache , visual disturbance , seizures , and altered mental status , all associated with severe hypertension6 ) . without prompt
the most common feature of he by magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) is hyperintensity of subcortical parietal and occipital white matter ... | presented here is a 36-year - old male with arterial hypertension who developed brainstem edema and intracranial hemorrhage .
magnetic resonance scan revealed diffuse brainstem hyperintensity in t2-weighted and fluid - attenuated inversion - recovery images , with an increase in apparent diffusion coefficient values ... |
hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and also an important factor in liver transplantation ( cdc , www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/hcvfaq.htm ) .
the world health organization ( who ) has estimated that 3% of the world s population has been infected with hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) and ... | background : hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) has been known as a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) worldwide .
however , the distinct molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of hcv proteins on the hcc progression have remained unclear.objectives:in the present study , we studied the possible role of hcv i... |
the cnisn includes 554 sentinel hospitals conducting surveillance for influenza - like illness ( ili ; hereafter called sentinel hospitals ) and 408 network laboratories in all 31 provinces of china ( figure 1 ) . on a weekly basis ,
sentinel hospitals report the number of outpatient visits , by age group , for ili a... | in china during march 4april 28 , 2013 , avian influenza a(h7n9 ) virus testing was performed on 20,739 specimens from patients with influenza - like illness in 10 provinces with confirmed human cases : 6 ( 0.03% ) were positive , and increased numbers of unsubtypeable influenza - positive specimens were not seen .
c... |
histoplasmosis is an infective condition caused by a dimorphic , saprophytic fungus , histoplasma capsulatum and is acquired by inhalation of its spores .
soil rich in bird and bat dropping is its natural habitat , and it exists as a mycelium in the atmosphere . the disease is endemic in the united states , africa an... | histoplasmosis is a geographically restricted form of fungal infection .
adrenal involvement is seen in disseminated disease but sometimes it may be the only site of demonstrable disease .
early diagnosis and treatment may save the patient from catastrophic adrenal insufficiency .
we present two patients showing ... |
concern regarding facial esthetics is one of the most probable reasons to seek orthodontic and/or surgical orthodontic treatment .
the dentition and the occlusal relationship play a vital role in determining the overall perception of facial esthetics .
the degree of anteroposterior ( ap ) discrepancy , either denta... | background : the study mentioned was aimed to examine the contribution of the objective measures representing anterior - posterior ( ap ) and vertical characteristics , dental esthetics , or their combination that are used in daily orthodontic practice in the assessment of the facial esthetics.materials and methods : a... |
sexual dysfunction is a common complication in diabetic patients which accompanies with some complications of diabetes and should be considered especially in patients with nephropathy or retinopathy .
nowadays , 246 million people in the world are affected by diabetes and it is expected to affect 380 million by 2025 ... | background : sexual dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes that adversely affects their quality of life . its prevalence is known to be higher in diabetic men with and it is estimated to affect 20 - 85% of patients but the problem is probably less common in diabetic women .
this study investigated the preva... |
sct is a carrier state of sickle cell disease with one copy of normal beta globulin gene and one copy of sickle variant gene - producing heterozygous hbas ( 1 ) .
sct is estimated to have prevalence of 300 million worldwide , mostly concentrated in africa , middle east , and mediterranean region ( 2 ) . in the united... | we describe a case of renal papillary necrosis in a middle - aged female with sickle cell trait who presented with gross hematuria .
we wish to highlight this case for several reasons .
sickle cell trait is often viewed as a benign condition despite the fact that it is associated with significant morbidity such as ... |
a 14-year - old siamese neutered male cat was evaluated for anorexia and a left periorbital mass .
skull radiographic findings showed a well - defined lesion resembling new compact bone formation without destruction .
the tumor was removed intact with a normal tissue margin of at least 1 cm . there were no postsurg... | case summarya 14-year - old siamese neutered male cat was evaluated for anorexia and a left periorbital mass .
skull radiographic findings showed a well - defined lesion resembling new compact bone formation without destruction .
a subtotal orbitectomy was indicated .
the tumor was removed intact with a normal ti... |
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