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postanesthetic shivering is a common complication that occurs in 5 - 65% of patients recovering from general anesthesia.1 - 2 it is distressing and unpleasant experience for patients .
excessive shivering can result in an increased oxygen demand up to 400% of normal and induce metabolic derangements such as hypoxemia... | objective the aim of this study was to investigate the optimum dosage of dexmedetomidine for prevention of postanesthetic shivering.methods one - hundred thirty two asa physical status i - ii patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic total hysterectomy were enrolled in this randomised , placebo - controlled study . ... |
extended pelvic lymph node dissection ( e - plnd ) is an accepted method of performing pelvic lymphadenectomy during radical prostatectomy for intermediate and high - risk carcinoma prostate .
the procedure entails removal of pelvic lymphatic tissue between the genitofemoral nerve laterally and the bladder medially ,... | introduction : laparoscopic or robotic - assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy ( ralp ) is a frequently used approach for localized carcinoma prostate . for intermediate and high - risk cancers , extended pelvic lymph node dissection ( e - plnd ) , is often performed .
conventional e - plnd involves piecemeal r... |
we identified abnormalities in cell migration , cell spreading and fluid - phase uptake in primary cultured skin fibroblasts from two unrelated ls patients .
the cell migration defect was detected by two independent assays : transwell - based and wound-healing .
notably , ocrl1 phosphatase function and its interac... | lowe syndrome ( ls ) is a lethal x - linked genetic disease caused by functional deficiencies of the phosphatidlyinositol 5-phosphatase , ocrl1 . in the past four years
, our lab described the first ocrl1-specific cellular phenotypes using dermal fibroblasts from ls patients .
these phenotypes , validated in an ocr... |
c - reactive protein ( crp ) , a phylogenetically highly conserved protein , has become an important biomarker of acute inflammation and tissue damage in humans [ 13 ] .
crp is an important biomarker for many aspects of health and disease , including cardiovascular disease , type 2 diabetes , and chronic renal diseas... | c - reactive protein , a conserved acute - phase protein synthesized in the liver and involved in inflammation , infection , and tissue damage , is an informative biomarker for human cardiovascular disease . out of 258 captive adult common chimpanzees ( pan troglodytes ) assayed for crp , 27.9% of the data were below t... |
alkaptonuria is an autosomal recessive disorder due to the deficiency of homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase ( hgo ) , an enzyme in the tyrosine degradation pathway ( figure 1 ) .
this leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid ( hga ) , which is oxidized to benzoquinones that polymerize , and leads to the formation ... | in alkaptonuria , deficiency of homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid ( hga ) and its metabolites in the body , resulting in ochronosis .
reports of patients with alkaptonuria who have decreased kidney function are rare , but this seems to play an important role in the natural h... |
mantle cell lymphoma ( mcl ) is a b - cell lymphoma that accounts for 6% of non - hodgkin 's lymphomas .
extranodal spread of mcl is common , including to the bone marrow , blood , and the gastrointestinal ( gi ) tract .
multiple lymphomatous polyposis ( mlp ) is a rare manifestation of mcl affecting one or more gi... | multiple lymphomatous polyposis ( mlp ) as an extranodal manifestation of mantle cell lymphoma ( mcl ) in the gastrointestinal tract is rare and not often reported in the literature .
we describe the case of a 63-year - old female with asymptomatic mlp found during staging bidirectional endoscopy of mcl .
the patie... |
iofbs have been estimated to occur in 1041% of open - globe injuries [ 14 ] .
severe visual loss may be associated with the original injury , secondary endophthalmitis , rhegmatogenous retinal detachment ( rd ) , or a variety of long - term complications including glaucoma , cataract , inflammation , or foreign body ... | purpose . to analyze risk factors for endophthalmitis and retinal detachment ( rd ) in patients with retained intraocular foreign bodies ( iofbs )
. design . a retrospective , interventional , consecutive case series .
participants .
all patients treated at bascom palmer eye institute for traumatic iofbs between ... |
atrial fibrillation and heart failure are emerging and co - existing cardiovascular disease epidemics of the new millennium .
atrial fibrillation , present in 10 - 40% of patients with heart failure , is associated with adverse clinical consequences , including excess risk of death , hemodynamic decompensation , exac... | atrial fibrillation , a common problem in patients with heart failure , is associated with increased mortality and morbidity .
pharmacological as well as invasive management and the endpoints of such management are complex .
recent randomized trials indicate that a rate - control strategy , along with anticoagulati... |
sea anemones ( cnidaria : anthozoa : hexacorallia : actiniaria ) are generally opportunistic predators ; they produce stinging capsules generally called nematocyts , which are differentially distributed across the different tissues of the polyp .
historically , tentacles have been the main source of tissue from wh... | next - generation technologies for determination of genomics and transcriptomics composition have a wide range of applications .
moreover , the development of tools for big data set analysis has allowed the identification of molecules and networks involved in metabolism , evolution or behavior . by natural habitats a... |
the innate immune system depends on germline encoded pattern recognition receptors ( prrs ) for the detection of various microbial components .
prrs belong to different classes of receptors such as toll - like receptors ( tlrs ) that are localized at the cell surface or in endosomes and the cytosolic rig - i - like r... | the intracellular nod - like receptor nlrp3 has emerged as the most versatile innate immune receptor because of its broad specificity in mediating immune response to a wide range of microbial or danger signals .
nlrp3 mediates assembly of the inflammasome complex in the presence of microbial components leading to the... |
the benefits of endovascular treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms are well documented and it is a well established technique for the successful management of posterior inferior cerebellar artery ( pica ) aneurysms .
surgical treatment of pica aneurysms may be challenging due to their deep location and close r... | wide - necked aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery ( pica ) are infrequently encountered in cerebrovascular practice , and endovascular treatment is difficult or impossible even with the use of several neck remodeling techniques .
we present the case of a patient with a wide - necked aneurysm of the ... |
non - hodgkin 's lymphoma is the most common hematologic malignancy , accounting for approximately 43% of all hematologic malignancies in korea . in the third nationwide study reported in 2011 , extranodal marginal zone b - cell lymphoma ( mzbcl ) of mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue ( malt )
accounted for 19.0% of... | purposeto assess radiotherapy for patients with early stage gastric mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue ( malt ) lymphoma with respect to survival , treatment response , and complications.materials and methodsenrolled into this study were 48 patients diagnosed with gastric malt lymphoma from january 2000 to september 2... |
lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) is a large molecule consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide joined by a covalent bond [ 14 ] .
it is found in the cell walls of gram - negative bacteria and acts as an endotoxin .
it induces a series of proinflammatory cytokines and results in the occurrence of strong immune responses ... | lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) is related to osteoclastogenesis in osteolytic diseases .
interleukin- ( il- ) 12 is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in host defense . in this study
, we investigated the effects of il-12 on lps - induced osteoclastogenesis .
lps was administered with or without il-1... |
the proximal femur nail antirotation ( pfna ) is the recent addition to the growing list of intramedullary implants for trochanteric fracture fixation .
we report our results of low velocity trochanteric fractures internally fixed by proximal femur nail antirotation .
a prospective study was conducted to assess the... | background : the proximal femur nail antirotation ( pfna ) is the recent addition to the growing list of intramedullary implants for trochanteric fracture fixation . the initial results in biomechanical and clinical studies have shown promise .
we report our results of low velocity trochanteric fractures internally f... |
juvenile muscular atrophy of distal upper extremity , also known as hirayama disease , has been reported mainly in asian countries such as japan , india , taiwan as well as korea ( 1 - 7 ) .
juvenile muscular atrophy of distal upper extremity is a type of localized motor neuron disease involving predominantly the sev... | we present a korean case of hirayama disease with its typical neuroradiological findings of forward displacement of cervical dural sac and compression of the lower cervical cord during neck flexion .
a 15-yr - old boy was presented with a one - year history of progressive weakness and atrophy affecting bilateral hand... |
chronic skin lesions show a low tendency to spontaneous healing.1 chronic injuries are particularly painful and debilitating for the patient , and they are often the manifestation of an underlying condition with a vascular etiopathogenesis that obstructs healing .
these factors cause a slowing of the reconstruction p... | purposepost - radiation skin damage is the result of alterations produced in the irradiated zone .
there are different studies aimed at verifying the effectiveness of several kinds of molecules in the treatment of radiation - induced skin damage .
the purpose of this study is to test a mixture with a formulation co... |
rheumatic fever ( rf ) , and its most serious complication , rheumatic heart disease ( rhd ) , continue to be major global health problems . in individuals with a
presumed inherited susceptibility , infection with streptococcus pyogenes ( group a streptococcus ) can precipitate rf the precursor to rhd as an abnorma... | backgroundrheumatic heart disease ( rhd ) remains a significant cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries such as indonesia . yet , despite being one of the most readily preventable chronic diseases , rhd has received scant research or policy attention , particularly in south - east asia.a... |
the tnnhs participants were described previously ( 5 ) . they were relatives of type 1 diabetic patients , with at least one biochemical autoantibody ( gad65 , ica512 , or miaa ) upon screening . of 991 tnnhs subjects studied , 116 developed type 1 diabetes .
participants in the dpt-1 parenteral and oral insulin tria... | objectivewe assessed the accuracy of the diabetes prevention trial type 1 risk score ( dptrs ) , developed from the diabetes prevention trial
type 1 ( dpt-1 ) , in the trialnet natural history study ( tnnhs).research design and methodsprediction accuracy of the dptrs was assessed with receiver - operating characteri... |
in 1990 , i was honored to receive the women in cell biology ( wicb ) junior award , which recognized my significant potential for scientific contributions .
twenty - four years later ( where did the time go ? ) , presumably having met those high expectations , i am once again honored to receive the wicb senior awa... | as the first recipient of both the women in cell biology junior and senior awards , i look back to identify key components that have provided the foundation for my successful research career .
in retrospect , the three most important building blocks have been : identifying and pursing important problems ; attracting ... |
during adverse environmental conditions , bacterial cells adopt developmental strategies , such as endospore formation , to ensure their survival .
bacterial spores are a continuous problem in food- and health - related industries because of their persistence after treatments and their ability to revert to vegetative... | bacterial spores are a continuous problem for both food - based and health - related industries .
decades of scientific research dedicated towards understanding molecular and gene regulatory aspects of sporulation , spore germination and spore properties have resulted in a wealth of data and information . to facilita... |
in recent years , considerable attention has been focused on the effect of gender on cognitive functions and the development of neurodegenerative disorders .
it is well known that sex steroids , particularly estrogen , act on the central nervous system to influence neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity and to pro... | the aim of our study was to understand the complex relationship between the major reproductive life events in women with alzheimer s disease . in a retrospective , case - control study ,
275 women with alzheimer s disease ( ad ) and 276 control patients from a hospital population were enrolled from july 2007 to decem... |
to enable an understanding of the complexities involved in evaluating and improving the partnerships between organisations involved in integrated working .
network organisations provide a unique challenge to understanding and evaluating the processes and mechanisms through which organisations integrate . through inte... | purposeto enable an understanding of the complexities involved in evaluating and improving the partnerships between organisations involved in integrated working.theorynetwork organisations provide a unique challenge to understanding and evaluating the processes and mechanisms through which organisations integrate . thr... |
one of the prominent hallmarks of obesity - induced inflammation is a shift in the phenotype of macrophage and t - cell populations present in adipose tissue ( at ) reflecting in a unique set of pro- and anti - inflammatory cytokines .
free fatty acids and saturated fatty acids ( sfa ) are suggested to induce inflamm... | the study aimed to investigate the effects of differentiated exercise regimes on high fat - induced metabolic and inflammatory pathways .
mice were fed a standard diet ( st ) or a high fat diet ( hfd ) and subjected to regular endurance training ( et ) or resistance training ( rt ) . after 10 weeks body weight , gluc... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) , a disease as old as human life , remains a serious worldwide health threat ( 1 ) .
second - line drugs , which are expensive and toxic , are an inevitable treatment course for mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates that are resistant to first - line medications .
this form of m. tuberculosis is k... | backgroundaccurate and rapid detection of drug - resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis is fundamental for the successful treatment of tuberculosis ( tb).objectivesthe aim of this study was to determine the frequency of common mutations leading to isoniazid ( inh ) and rifampicin ( rmp ) resistance.patients and methodsin... |
a three - generation family with autosomal dominant congenital cataract was ascertained [ fig . 1 ] .
after explanation of nature and possible consequences of the study , seven individuals participated in the study .
the study was performed with informed consent in accordance with the declaration of helsinki and fo... | context : congenital cataracts are one of the common eye disorders leading to visual impairment or blindness in children worldwide .
we found a chinese family with autosomal dominant pulverulent cataract.aims:to identify the pathogenic gene mutation in a chinese family with autosomal dominant inherited pulverulent ca... |
mother s breast milk is known to contain a variety of biologically active compounds , these include immunological growth factors , cytokines , hormones , oligosaccharides , antimicrobial peptides , enzymes , and immunoglobulins ( 1 ) .
growth factors are such as epidermal growth factor ( egf ) , insulin - like growth... | introductionsince research investigating igf-1 levels in breast milk are few , the goal of this study was to analyze the igf-1 levels in the breast milk of diabetic mothers as well as in the serum of their newborn babies and to identify what relationship exists between blood serum and igf-1 milk levels through patient ... |
advances in geographic information system ( gis ) technology , developed by geographers , provide new opportunities for environmental epidemiologists to study associations between environmental exposures and the spatial distribution of disease .
a gis is a powerful computer mapping and analysis technology capable of ... | |
dementia is the most common disabling disease in older people.1 there are different types , such as alzheimer s disease ( ad ) , vascular dementia , dementia with lewy bodies , and frontotemporal dementia.2 falls are common in the elderly,35 and can occur due to the negative effects of medications , medical conditions ... | backgroundpoor oral health , chronic diseases , functional decline , and low cognitive ability can increase the risk of falls in the elderly.objectivesthe current study aimed to show the effects of oral health , diabetes mellitus ( dm ) , hypertension ( ht ) , heart disease , functional status , and sociodemographic fa... |
dogs in the study comprised 3 groups of beagles housed in different rooms of the isolation facility at green cross veterinary products ( yong - in , south korea ) .
the virus used was avian - origin canine influenza virus a / canine/01/2007 , subtype h3n2 , which had been isolated from a pet dog with severe respirato... | susceptible dogs were brought into contact with dogs experimentally infected with an avian - origin influenza a virus ( h3n2 ) that had been isolated from a pet dog with severe respiratory syndrome .
all the experimentally infected and contact - exposed dogs showed elevated rectal temperatures , virus shedding , sero... |
attempts to standardize pcr to aid in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis ( ia ) have provided an optimal methodology for the testing of serum and whole blood ( wb ) ( 1 , 2 ) .
a multicenter comparison of the clinical performance of pcr showed a trend toward improved sensitivity ( 85% versus 79% ) and earlier po... | aspergillus pcr testing of serum provides technical simplicity but with potentially reduced sensitivity compared to whole - blood testing . with diseases for which screening to exclude disease represents an optimal strategy , sensitivity is paramount .
the associated analytical study confirmed that dna concentrations... |
over the past two decades , national cesarean section rates have risen dramatically . in 2004 , this rate increased to 29.1% .
despite the fact that cesarean section deliveries are associated with increased risk of intra- and postpartum complications for both mothers and babies , no strategy to prevent cesarean deliv... | background . the active management of risk in pregnancy at term ( amor - ipat ) protocol has been associated in several studies with significant reductions of group cesarean delivery rate .
present within each of these studies were nulliparous women with risk factors for cephalopelvic disproportion .
risk factors f... |
baclofen is a gamma - aminobutyric acid type b ( gaba - b ) receptor agonist used primarily in the treatment of spasticity and in recent years it has gained popularity as an anti - craving medicine for the treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome.1,2 ) the anti - craving and anti - reward effects of baclofen are attrib... | baclofen is a gamma - aminobutyric acid type b receptor agonist used as an anti - craving agent for treatment of alcohol dependence .
it has gained popularity in the recent times because it is well tolerated even in patients with hepatic impairments .
herein we are summarizing the latest literature about baclofen i... |
ankle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injuries1 , and athletes with excessive movement and activities are the most
common victims .
soccer players perform many running , jumping , and turning movements , and
these movements cause excessive range of motion at the ankle joint .
this excessive motion
... | [ purpose ] this study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of ankle balance taping on
balance ability of soccer players with acute ankle sprain . [ subjects and methods ] this
study
was conducted with 16 subjects who were diagnosed with ankle sprain . a cross - over
randomized design was used .
each subjec... |
the lengthy process and expertise required to isolate and identify potential microsatellite markers often precludes the use of this valuable technique in studies to determine genetic variation in natural populations .
if microsatellite markers identified and developed from one biological source could be applied to ot... | primers previously designed to amplify microsatellite dna markers in the old world bollworm , helicoverpa armigera , larvae were tested in three closely related species : the corn earworm , helicoverpa zea , tobacco budworm , heliothis virescens , and heliothis subflexa . of the fourteen loci
surveyed , only four loc... |
it has been just over
two decades since the role of nitric oxide
( no ) as an essential biological signaling agent was recognized and
which led to its selection as science s molecule of the year in 1992 .
no is now recognized for its importance in blood pressure regulation ,
as a neurotransmitter , as well as... | the
synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of three five - coordinate
nitrosyliron(ii ) complexes , [ fe(porph)(no ) ] , are reported .
these three
nitrosyl derivatives , where porph represents protoporphyrin ix dimethyl
ester , mesoporphyrin ix dimethyl ester , or deuteroporphyrin ix dimethyl
ester ,... |
twenty obese adults ( [ means sd ] 8 men and 12 women , aged 48 11 years , bmi 37 4 kg / m ) participated in this single - blinded , randomized , placebo - controlled trial .
all subjects were insulin resistant , defined as a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( homa - ir ) value of 3.0 at the time... | objectiveinsulin resistance is commonly associated with obesity .
studies conducted in obese mouse models found that endoplasmic reticulum ( er ) stress contributes to insulin resistance , and treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid ( tudca ) , a bile acid derivative that acts as a chemical chaperone to enhance prot... |
heart failure , infection , malignancy and cerebrovascular disease have been reported to be life - threatening and fatal complications in patients with end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) who are undergoing haemodialysis . although most malignant tumours originate from the gastrointestinal tract ( stomach and colon ) , ... | although malignancy is a fatal complication of end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) requiring haemodialysis , successful treatment of haematological malignancies has been rarely reported .
we describe the case of a 64-year - old man who presented with non - hodgkin s lymphoma ( nhl ; clinical stage , ivb ) concomitant ... |
national and regional statistics of maternal mortality ( mm ) are crucial to guide program planning of reproductive and sexual health and to develop guidelines for health promotion and international research
. these statistics are also essential to guide decision making in entities involved in program development and... | objective . postpartum hemorrhage ( pph ) is an important cause of maternal mortality ( mm ) around the world .
seventy percent of the pph corresponds to uterine atony .
the objective of our study was to evaluate multicenter pph cases during a 10-month period , and evaluate severe postpartum hemorrhage management .... |
cutaneous pseudolymphomas are a group of benign reactive t - cell or b - cell lymphoproliferative processes of varying etiologies that can mimic lymphoma .
one of the precipitating factors for pseudolymphoma is drugs like anticonvulsants , antidepressants , angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors and antihistamine... | cutaneous pseudolymphomas are benign lymphoproliferative processes mimicking lymphomas clinically and histologically .
one of the precipitating factors for pseudolymphoma is drugs like anticonvulsants , antidepressants and angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors . according to existing literature phenytoin - induc... |
fuligocandin a ( 1 ) and b ( 2 ) are novel natural cycloanthranilylproline derivatives that were initially isolated from the slime mold , fuligo candida , in 2004 by our group ( figure 1).1 we previously reported the ability of 2 to overcome tumor necrosis factor ( tnf)related apoptosisinducing ligand ( trail ) resist... | abstractfuligocandin b ( 2 ) is a novel natural product that can overcome trail resistance .
we synthesized enatiomerically pure fuligocandin b ( 2 ) and its derivative 5i fuligocandin b ( 4 ) , and found that the latter had an improved biological activity against the human gastric cancer cell line , ags .
we attac... |
in the early 90 , our laboratory elaborated on the stem cell niche ( scn ) model proposed by ray schoefield in 1978 to define tissue sites dedicated to the maintenance of stem cell potential .
we addressed the effects of a low environmental oxygen tension on the maintenance of haematopoietic stem cells ( hsc ) in vi... | this perspective addresses the interactions of cancer stem cells ( csc ) with environment which result in the modulation of csc metabolism , and thereby of csc phenotype and resistance to therapy .
we considered first as a model disease chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) , which is triggered by a well - identified onco... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s40801 - 015 - 0025 - 6 ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
marginal structural models ( msms ) are informative , account for poor treatment adherence or switching , and allow inclusion of more patients than simply censoring pat... | objectiveresults from three observational methods for assessing effectiveness of long - acting bronchodilator therapies for reducing severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) were compared : intent - to - treat ( itt ) , as protocol ( ap ) , and an as - treated analysis that utilized a marg... |
paraoxonase 1 ( pon1 ) is a liver - produced glycoprotein enzyme bound to the surface of high - density lipoprotein ( hdl ) whose activity is consistently correlated with atherosclerotic vascular disease and end - organ damage [ 13 ] .
pon1 is at least partially responsible for the inhibitory effects of hdl on low - ... | background .
paraoxonase 1 ( pon1 ) enzymatic activity has been consistently predictive of cardiovascular disease , while the genotypes at the four functional polymorphisms at pon1 have not .
the goal of this study was to identify additional variation at the pon gene cluster that improved prediction of pon1 activit... |
the first case was detected in a 67-year - old man admitted to aix - en - provence hospital in southern france on november 8 , 2007 , because of suspected joint infection of his left knee 3 years after total knee joint replacement .
the synovial fluid leukocyte count was > 1,000 cells / mm with 86% neutrophils , find... | we describe human cases and clustered animal cases of mecalga251positive methicillin - resistant staphylococcus aureus in france .
our report confirms that this new variant has a large distribution in europe .
it may represent a public health threat because phenotypic and genotypic tests seem unable to detect this ... |
intracranial intraparenchymal schwannomas , which are unrelated to the cranial nerves , are very rare . since gibson et al.7 ) reported the first case of an intracerebral schwannoma located at the temporal lobe in 1966 , about 70 cases have been reported in the english - language literature .
although some general ch... | intracerebral schwannomas are rare and there have been none reported in korea .
we present the case of a 25-year - old man with newly developed right - side weakness and recent seizure aggravation .
his seizures started approximately 9 years prior to admission . at that time , a 1 cm diameter intra - axial enhancin... |
an aortic arch aneurysm is a well described pathological lesion of the thoracic aorta known to have a high risk of aortic rupture.1 ) recently , a hybrid procedure combining surgical and endovascular repair has become established as a preferential treatment for extensive pathologies of the aorta .
we report a 73-year... | a 73-year - old woman with a history of chronic hypertension and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , presented to a district general hospital with thoracic pain in a profound state of shock .
she was diagnosed with cardiac tamponade , severe mitral regurgitation , and stanford type a ( debakey type i ) int... |
plant cell walls are complex composites that consist mainly of carbohydrates , including cellulose , hemicelluloses , and pectins ( somerville et al . , 2004 ; lerouxel et al . , 2006 ;
, 2010 ; liepman et al . , 2010 ; scheller and ulvskov , 2010 ; carpita , 2011 ) .
the carbohydrates present in plant cell walls v... | the cellulose synthase ( cesa ) superfamily of proteins contains several sub - families of closely related cellulose synthase - like ( csl ) sequences . among these ,
the csla and cslc families are closely related to each other and are the most evolutionarily divergent from the cesa family .
significant progress ha... |
adult male sprague - dawley rats ( 210 - 230 g , n=52 ) were housed under controlled temperature ( 25 ) and lighting ( 12/12 h light / dark cycle ) conditions and given free access to food and water . the institutional animal care and use committee of gyeongsang national university approved all experimental protocols f... | ferulic acid is known to act as a protective agent in cerebral ischemia through its anti - oxidant activity .
-enolase is a neuron - specific enolase that also exerts a neuroprotective effect . here , we investigated whether ferulic acid regulates the expression level of -enolase in middle cerebral artery occlusion (... |
the goal of vision 2020 the right to sight , is the worldwide reduction of childhood blindness from the current level of 0.75/1000 to 0.4/1000 children.12 blindness in children remains the second leading cause of blind person years worldwide.2 the prevalence of childhood blindness in africa is approximately 10 times h... | purpose : to assess the outcomes of congenital / developmental cataract from a tertiary eye care hospital in northwest nigeria.materials and methods : a retrospective chart review was performed of all patients diagnosed with congenital or developmental cataract who underwent surgery from january 2008 to december 2009 .... |
briefly , we started with nhlbi - supported clinical trials that were completed between january 1 , 2000 and december 31 , 2011.3 for these analyses , we focus on those trials for which a main - results article was published in a peer - review journal by no later than august 20 , 2014 .
institutional review board app... | backgroundwe previously demonstrated that cardiovascular ( cv ) trials funded by the national heart , lung , and blood institute ( nhlbi ) were more likely to be published in a timely manner and receive high raw citation counts if they focused on clinical endpoints .
we did not examine the metrics of trial reports , ... |
symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( bph ) are called lower urinary tract symptoms ( luts ) and are categorized as voiding and storage symptoms .
the voiding symptoms , which include hesitancy and a weak stream , have been attributed to a static component caused by the mass of the enlarged gland and a dynamic c... | we investigated the pathophysiological mechanism by proteomic approach as a possible tool to detect the marker proteins to develop lower urinary tract symptoms following bladder outlet obstruction ( boo ) .
rats were randomized into 3 groups ; control , sham operation and boo groups .
boo group was divided into 1 ,... |
progressive autonomic failure ( af ) including orthostatic hypotension , urogenital and sudomotor failure frequently accompanies or precedes the motor features of multiple system atrophy ( msa ) ( stefanova et al .
2008 ; stefanova et al . , 2009a ; wenning and stefanova , 2009 ) .
the underlying neuropathological ... | multiple system atrophy ( msa ) is a rare neurodegenerative disease of undetermined cause manifesting with progressive autonomic failure ( af ) , cerebellar ataxia and parkinsonism due to neuronal loss in multiple brain areas associated with ( oligodendro)glial cytoplasmic -synuclein ( syn ) inclusions ( gcis ) . using... |
the course of weathering of exposed rock surfaces depends on both internal factors , such as mineral composition , structure and texture of the rock considered , and external ones , for instance , climate and anthropogenic pressure .
the changes affect particularly the porous rocks whose minerals are relatively less ... | this work presents mineralogical and chemical characteristics of weathering crusts developed on sandstones exposed to various air pollution conditions .
the samples have been collected from sandstone tors in the carpathian foothill and from buildings in krakw .
it has been stated that these crusts differ in both fa... |
despite the importance of physical activity in maintaining and improving health and quality of life in those individuals over the age of 65 , research suggests that less than 3% of elderly americans comply with the american college of sports medicine 's physical activity recommendations [ 2 , 3 ] .
given the correl... | the purpose of this investigation was to compare accelerometer activity counts and oxygen consumption between young and elderly individuals .
sixteen young ( 21.3 2.5 yrs ) and sixteen elderly ( 66.6 2.9 yrs ) participants completed 30 minutes of resting oxygen consumption to determine resting metabolic rate and ... |
retrieving more lymph nodes leads to a more reliable n status , especially the pn0 status in the tnm classification , thereby improving the accuracy of 5-year prognosis.13 moreover , the finding of even a single lymph node metastasis has , in some tumor types , major implications for adjuvant therapy . concerning the n... | pathologic staging of oncologic specimens includes the identification of the accurate lymph node status .
retrieving more lymph nodes leads to a more reliable n0 status in the tnm classification .
the aim of this prospective study was to evaluate whether more lymph nodes can be retrieved from oncologic resection sp... |
renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) is the most common primary tumor of the kidney and often remains clinically indolent , with most lesions picked up incidentally through radioimaging .
the classic triad of hematuria , flank pain , and a palpable mass occurs in 20% of patients with rcc , whereas up to 40% may initially pre... | we report the rare case of a patient with advanced renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) who initially presented to the hospital with symptoms of cardiac failure .
preoperative cardiac studies did not reveal any underlying ischemia .
after resection of a large 14-cm left renal tumor , cardiac function was noted to improve d... |
the enantioselective , intramolecular
hydroalkylation of halide - tethered
styrenes has been achieved through a copper hydride - catalyzed process .
this approach allowed for the synthesis of enantioenriched cyclobutanes ,
cyclopentanes , indanes , and six - membered n- and o - heterocycles .
this
protocol ... | |
in this issue of critical care , loisa and coworkers present the first randomized controlled trial on the influence of mode of hydrocortisone administration on glycaemic control in patients with septic shock . during the past few years intensive insulin therapy
has come to be recognized as a key component of treatm... | constantly evolving treatment guidelines based on a growing body of randomized controlled trials are helping us to improve outcomes in sepsis .
however , it must be borne in mind that proven benefit from individual sepsis treatments does not guarantee synergistic beneficial effects when new treatments are added to se... |
acute kidney injury ( aki ) , previously termed as acute renal failure ( arf ) , is a common acute syndrome characterized by sudden impairment in renal function ( rf ) caused by a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate ( gfr).1 although studies have suggested that the elderly population , particularly among males ,... | objectivesthe aim of this study was to explore the prognostic impact of clinical factors on the short - term outcomes of renal function ( rf ) in very elderly patients with acute kidney injury ( aki).patients and methodswe carried out a retrospective cohort study of only very elderly patients who developed aki at the g... |
in 1930 otto warburg observed a phenomenon in which cancer cells often metabolically switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis , even under normal oxygen supply.1 at first sight , the contradictory behavior of cancer cells with regard to their increased demand on energy supply is of crucial importance to feed... | abstractdespite the longknown fact that the facilitative glucose transporter glut1 is one of the key players safeguarding the increase in glucose consumption of many tumor entities even under conditions of normal oxygen supply ( known as the warburg effect ) , only few endeavors have been undertaken to find a glut1sele... |
2015 ] has recently prompted a revolution in our ability to study volcanic gas emissions .
groundbased observations via uv cameras [ mori and burton , 2006 ] , in particular , have granted acquisition of volcanic so2 flux time series of unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution , thus paving the way to a variety ... | abstractwe report on a systematic record of so2 flux emissions from individual vents of etna volcano ( sicily ) , which we obtained using a permanent uv camera network .
observations were carried out in summer 2014 , a period encompassing two eruptive episodes of the new south east crater ( nsec ) and a fissurefed er... |
2-deoxy-2-(f)-fluoro - d - glucose ( fdg ) positron emission tomography ( pet ) is now a well - established imaging modality , with greater emphasis being placed on reporting the standardized uptake value ( suv ) , as this quantitation is easily understood by referring physicians as opposed to the variable esoteric des... | objectives : to investigate the effects of ambient glucose on quantitative analysis of hepatic tumors on 2-deoxy-2-(18f)-fluoro - d - glucose ( 18fdg ) positron emission tomography ( pet ) and to establish a method for glucose correction.patients and methods : eighty - six patients with hepatic lesions identified on 18... |
we divided the analysis into 3 periods : period a ( before the outbreak ) was from january 1 , 2003 , through april 30 , 2011 ; period b ( early phase of the outbreak ) was from may 1 ( when the first outbreak - associated case - patient fell ill ) through may 18 ( date when the hus cluster was detected ) ; and period ... | in the context of a large outbreak of shiga toxin producing escherichia coli o104:h4 in germany , we quantified the timeliness of the german surveillance system for hemolytic uremic syndrome and shiga toxin producing e. coli notifiable diseases during 20032011 .
although reporting occurred faster than required by l... |
large cohort studies have demonstrated that high standards of oral hygiene are essential for the prevention of periodontal disease 1 .
the cornerstone for achieving good oral hygiene to ensure periodontal health and prevent caries development is well understood to be the maintenance of effective plaque control .
th... | objectiveto assess gingival recession ( gr ) in manual and power toothbrush users and evaluate the relationship between gr and gingival abrasion scores ( ga).methodsthis was an observational ( cross - sectional ) , single - centre , examiner - blind study involving a single - brushing exercise , with 181 young adult pa... |
hemimegalencephaly can be an isolated malformation or it can be associated with neurocutaneous syndromes involving the brainstem and cerebellum such as neurofibromatosis ( 1 ) , tuberoses sclerosis , proteus syndrome , kippel - trenaunay - weber syndrome and linear sebaceous nevus syndrome ( 2 , 3 ) .
the association... | we report an unusual case of hemimegalencephaly ( hmg ) associated with ipsilateral congenital - infiltrating lipomatosis of the face in a five month - old boy .
hemimegalencephaly is a rare but unique malformation characterized by enlargement of all or parts of a cerebral hemisphere .
the affected hemisphere may ... |
mild traumatic brain injury ( mtbi ) represents up to 90% of all brain injuries.1 although the majority of patients recover well , up to 30% will suffer with persistent neurocognitive , affective and psychological symptoms.2 the pathophysiological processes behind these symptoms are not clear , and the heterogeneity of... | backgroundawareness to neurocognitive issues after mild traumatic brain injury ( mtbi ) is increasing , but currently no imaging markers are available for mtbi .
advanced structural imaging recently showed microstructural tissue changes and axonal injury , mild but likely sufficient to lead to functional deficits .
... |
herein ,
we report the first examples of the synthesis of pyrroloindolines
by means of ( 3 + 2 ) dearomative annulation reactions between 3-substituted
indoles and highly reactive azaoxyallyl cations . computational studies
using density functional theory ( dft ) ( b3lyp - d3/6 - 311g**++ ) support
a stepwise... | |
many anticancer reagents , including nucleotide analogues and other dna synthesis inhibitors ( e.g. , methotrexate ) , aim at exerting a specific activity against rapidly proliferating cell types . because of the capacity of trypanosomes for rapid growth within mammals , they have been linked to some types of cancer ce... | the current drugs against sleeping sickness are derived from cancer chemotherapeutic approaches . herein , we aimed at evaluating the in vitro effect of alcoholic extracts of artemisia annua ( amr ) , rumex abyssinicus ( rma ) , and catha edulis forsk ( cef ) on proliferation / viability of 1321n1 astrocytoma , mcf-7 b... |
idiopathic osteosclerosis ( io ) is known as the region of enlarged bone production in the jaw , and its shape could be round , elliptical , or irregular in shape .
these lesions recognized as developing intraosseous anatomic variations and should be categorized distinctly from the cases due to inflammatory source or... | background : the purpose of this study was to investigate of radiographic pattern and relative frequency of idiopathic osteosclerosis ( io ) and condensing osteitis ( co ) in panoramic radiographs.materials and methods : totally 411 panoramic radiographies were randomly selected from patients referred to radiology depa... |
in
this letter , we demonstrate the formation of unique ga / gaas / si nanowire
heterostructures , which were successfully implemented in nanoscale
light - emitting devices with visible room temperature electroluminescence .
based on our recent approach for the integration of inas / si heterostructures
into s... | |
patient 1 and his parents were enrolled in a whole genome sequencing study , approved by the institutional review board of baylor college of medicine ( bcm ) , houston , usa .
enrollment in this study is not based on a particular phenotype , but rather on the referring physician s determination that the enrolled subj... | prader - willi syndrome ( pws ) is caused by the absence of paternally expressed , maternally silenced genes at 15q11-q13 .
we report four individuals with truncating mutations on the paternal allele of magel2 , a gene within the pws domain .
the first subject was ascertained by whole genome sequencing analysis for... |
. approximately 50% of benign cardiac tumors are myxomas and most of them are typically polypoid and located on the left atrium .
the right atrium is an unusual localization , observed only in 1520% of myxoma cases .
the villous right atrial myxoma is a very rare subtype in particular , and shows high tendency for ... | introductionprimary cardiac tumors are rare and approximately three quarters of them are benign and up to half of the benign tumors are myxomas .
right atrial villous myxoma with pulmonary embolism is an unusual apparition.presentation of casea 29 year - old male was admitted to our outpatient clinic with progressive... |
. when a large number of parasites are found , cause occulation of the lumen of stomach and intestine , and even death of the fish host ( 1 ) .
fishes infested with high intensity of acanthocephalans deeply penetrating into their intestinal wall without showing pronounced symptoms of infection and its complications (... | background : acanthocephalans are fish parasites of worldwide distribution , penetrate their thorny proboscis into the intestinal wall of host and absorb nutrients .
no diagnostic tool is available except postmortem investigations and identification by parasitologists .
the aim of present study was to explore and a... |
cns tuberculosis accounts for about one percent of all cases of tb and six percent of all extrapulmonary infections in immunocompetent individuals .
rarely cns tuberculosis presents as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis , an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system .
it results fr... | acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ( adem ) also known as post infectious encephalomyelitis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system ( cns ) that typically presents as a monophasic disorder associated with multifocal neurological symptoms and disability .
it may follow vaccination in children or inf... |
nanomedicine has been a growing branch
of conventional medicine
within the past decade .
the variety of nanocarriers were developed
and investigated for their medical applications including lipid - based
formulations ( liposomes , micelles , solid - lipid nanoparticles , etc . ) , and nonlipid - based formula... | the aim of the present work is to
synthesize , characterize , and
test self - assembled anisotropic or janus particles designed to load
anticancer drugs for lung cancer treatment by inhalation .
the particles
were synthesized using binary mixtures of biodegradable and biocompatible
materials .
the particl... |
preoperative assessment of the patient 's airway enables the anaesthesiologist to predict the ease of visualising the glottis and to perform intubation .
several bedside physical airway assessment tests are available , but they have a high inter - observer variability and moderate to fair sensitivity and specificity ... | background and aims : accurate prediction of the cormack - lehane ( cl ) grade preoperatively can help in better airway management of the patient during induction of anaesthesia . our aim was to determine the utility of ultrasonography in predicting cl grade.methods:we studied 100 patients undergoing general endotrache... |
visceral leishmaniasis ( vl ) is a disease caused by the protozoan leishmania chagasi ( in the new world ) and l. infantum or l. donovani ( in the old world ) transmitted between humans and other mammals through the bite of sand flies of the genera lutzomyia and phlebotomus .
it is commonly accepted that l. infantum ... | this study describes the application of the longsage methodology to study the gene expression profile in promastigotes of leishmania infantum chagasi .
a tag library was created using the longsage method and consisted of 14,208 tags of 17 bases . of these ,
8,427 ( 59.3% ) were distinct .
blast research of the 1,... |
nitric oxide ( no ) ,
free radical produced by the inducible no synthase
( inos ) isoform , is an essential component of the host
innate immune and inflammatory response to a variety of pathogens
.
it has diverse physiological roles and may
also contribute towards pathological processes . when no is synthes... | inflexinol , an ent - kaurane diterpenoid , was isolated from the leaves of isodon excisus .
many diterpenoids isolated from the genus isodon ( labiatae ) have antitumor and antiinflammatory activities .
we investigated the antiinflammatory effect of inflexinol in raw 264.7 cells and astrocytes . as a result
, we... |
typ - b - aortendissektion ist eine wichtige ursache von thoraxschmerz und ein komplexes klinisches krankheitsbild , das mit erheblicher morbiditt und mortalitt verbunden ist .
thoraxschmerz erfordert daher eine przise klinische und radiologische beurteilung sowohl i m akuten als auch i m chronischen stadium .
die ... | backgroundundifferentiated chest pain is one of the most common complaints in the acute care setting .
type b aortic dissection is an important cause of chest pain and a complex clinical entity , which carries significant morbidity and mortality and requires accurate clinical and radiological evaluation.methodsimagin... |
the lack of pathognomonic signs and symptoms makes the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism ( pe ) difficult .
it has been reported that , annually , 50,000200,000 deaths occur as a result of pe , with a mortality rate of 30% without treatment ( 1 ) .
postmortem studies have revealed that up to 70% of pes have been misd... | the lack of pathognomonic signs and symptoms makes the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism ( pe ) difficult . here
, we report a case of a 42-year - old man presented to the emergency department with worsening epigastric pain , hypotension , frank bradycardia , and final diagnosis of pe .
although previous studies have... |
the life of a foetus in utero and the independent existence of a newborn are two vastly varied conditions requiring complex transitions .
in addition to its contribution to mortality , birth asphyxia can result in cognitive impairment , epilepsy , cerebral palsy , and chronic diseases in later life .
these numbers ... | aim . we assessed neonatal resuscitation practices among paediatricians in gujarat . methods .
cross - sectional survey of 23 questions based on guidelines of neonatal resuscitation program ( nrp ) and navjaat shishu suraksha karyakram ( nssk ) was conducted using web - based tool .
questionnaire was developed and ... |
malignant duodenal neoplasms are relatively rare , and the most common site of occurrence is the periampullary region . due to nonspecific symptoms , the diagnosis is frequently delayed unless acute complications such as obstruction , massive bleeding or perforation develop .
endoscopy revealed a fairly large duodena... | malignant duodenal neoplasms are relatively rare , and the diagnosis is often delayed because of their vague and nonspecific symptoms .
we report the case of a 79-year - old female who had a medical history of malignant melanoma of the cheek that had initially been diagnosed at 53 years of age .
work - up revealed ... |
it has now reached endemic proportions and is the predominant pathogen causing acute undifferentiated febrile illness in many parts of india .
the basic pathogenesis is vasculitis and perivasculitis of the small blood vessels , resulting in multiple organ involvements .
respiratory system ( rs ) involvement is quit... | background and rationale : respiratory system involvement in scrub typhus is seen in 2072% of patients . in endemic areas , good understanding and familiarity with the various radiologic findings of scrub typhus
are essential in identifying pulmonary complications.materials and methods : patients admitted to a tertia... |
stroke is an illness causing disability due to an interruption in the blood supply to the
brain or a hemorrhage in the brain tissue caused by cerebrovascular disease , cardiac
disorder , or diabetes . as a cause of hemiparalysis , it is one of the leading causes of
functional limitation and disability1 .
functi... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mental practice on
stroke patients upper extremity function and activities of daily living ( adl ) .
[ subjects
and methods ] in this study , 29 stroke patients were randomly assigned to two groups : an
experimental group ( n=14 ) and a contro... |
acute traumatic spinal cord injury ( sci ) is one of the most physically and psychologically devastating of injuries ; it affects tens of thousands people of all ages around the world with incalculable personal and massive societal costs .
improvements in medical , surgical , and rehabilitative care have extended the... | the evaluation of such novel therapies for acute spinal cord injury in clinical trials is extremely challenging .
our current dependence upon the clinical assessment of neurologic impairment renders many acute sci patients ineligible for trials because they are not examinable .
furthermore , the difficulty in predi... |
primary axillary - subclavian vein thrombosis , first described by paget in 1875 and
schroetter in 1884 , was named paget - schroetter syndrome ( pss ) by hughes in 19481 .
upper extremity effort thrombosis accounts
for approximately 14% of all episodes of venous thrombosis2 .
pss most often develops among youn... | [ purpose ] paget - schroetter syndrome ( pss ) is an uncommon deep vein thrombosis of the
axillary and subclavian veins which may occur spontaneously , but is usually caused by
excessive upper limb activity .
pss is clinically similar to other upper limb
musculoskeletal disorders and soft tissue infections , a... |
the association of repeated attacks of vertigo that last for hours with a sense of aural fullness , fluctuating progressive hearing loss and tinnitus is characteristic of endolymphatic hydrops . in most cases
, it is impossible to determine an etiology and a diagnosis of idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops , or mnire 's... | introduction the endolymphatic sac is thought to maintain the hydrostatic pressure and endolymph homeostasis for the inner ear , and its dysfunction may contribute to the pathophysiology of mnire 's disease . throughout the years
, different surgical procedures for intractable vertigo secondary to mnire 's disease h... |
with the introduction and widespread availability of highly active anti - retroviral therapy ( haart ) , the landscape of hiv / aids has changed considerably .
post - haart , the incidence of kaposi 's sarcoma and central nervous system ( cns ) lymphoma ( among aids - defining cancers ) decreased in parallel with aid... | context and aim : data on hiv associated hematologic malignancies is sparse from india .
this study attempts to analyze the spectrum and features of this disease at a tertiary cancer center in india.setting and methods : retrospective study from case records of patients registered with a diagnosis of hematologic mali... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s00894 - 010 - 0853-y ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
interaction of tio2 with the mutants of bacteriorhodopsin ( br ) is important in the design of efficient biosensitized solar cells ( bssc ) .
application of biologicall... | density functional theoretical calculations have been utilized to investigate the interaction of the amino acid arginine with the ( 100 ) surface of anatase and the reproduction of experimentally measured 49ti nmr chemical shifts of anatase .
significant binding of arginine through electrostatic interaction and hydro... |
in living systems , blood ( plasma ) is the first component to come in contact with
biomaterials such as a titanium implant during surgery .
it is known that immediately after contact with plasma ,
rapid adsorption of plasma proteins onto the biomaterial takes place , which influences subsequent cell attachment ,... | abstractobjectivesto observe the early adsorption of extracellular matrix and blood plasma
proteins to magnesium - incorporated titanium oxide surfaces , which has shown
superior bone response in animal models.material and methodscommercially pure titanium discs were blasted with titanium dioxide
( tio2 ) particl... |
the cytochrome p450
family of heme monooxygenase enzymes ( p450s )
plays an important role in the metabolism of drugs .
potentially
harmful complications can sometimes occur during p450-mediated metabolism ,
such as drug drug interactions and formation of toxic metabolites .
most drug molecules contain sev... | cytochrome p450 enzymes ( p450s ) are
important in drug metabolism
and have been linked to adverse drug reactions .
p450s display broad
substrate reactivity , and prediction of metabolites is complex .
qm / mm
studies of p450 reactivity have provided insight into important details
of the reaction mechanis... |
some investigators have reported asthmatic symptoms and the presence of nonspecific bronchial reactivity in potroom workers .
pot fume emissions include gaseous and particulate fluorides , alumina and carbon dusts , sulfur dioxide ( so2 ) , carbon monoxide ( co ) and particulate polycyclic organic matter .
however ... | a worker with occupational exposure to aluminum powder developed asthmatic symptoms three years and six months after starting work .
skin tests ( prick and intradermal ) to aluminum chloride ( alcl3 ) were negative .
inhalation challenge test with 10 mg of aluminum powder and 10 mg / ml of alcl3 solution induced an... |
oral cavity is one of the most frequent locations of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region . globally , an estimated 300,400 new cases of oral cavity cancer are diagnosed each year and it is the eleventh leading cause of cancer worldwide . in
the indian subcontinent oral cancer is a major public health ... | introduction inflammation seems to play a critical role in the development and progression of numerous cancers .
peripheral blood leukocyte count is an easily assessable parameter of systemic inflammatory response .
objective the aim of this study was to investigate whether the pretreatment leukocyte counts can p... |
the emergence of diabetes mellitus as a global public health problem in children and adolescents is due to the widespread obesity and pronounced lifestyle changes.1
2 in the past , type 1 diabetes used to be the predominant type among children , but for the last 20 years , type 2 diabetes,3
4 which is known for it... | backgroundthere is a paucity of data on the national prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among youth .
the saudi abnormal glucose metabolism and diabetes impact study ( saudi - dm ) was used to assess the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes as well as impaired fasting glucose ( ifg ) among children and adoles... |
even rarer is a transverse sacral fracture associated with an unstable pelvic ring injury ( a malgaigne pelvic fracture ) .
they are difficult to diagnose as they develop after severe traumas and the accompanying clinical symptoms are masked by other pathologies .
unstable pelvic injuries characterized by the detac... | abstractsacrum fractures are rare pathologies seen after spinal traumas .
the incidence of a sacral fracture after trauma is 0.6% in childhood .
a malgaigne fracture is composed of fractures and dislocations of the anterior and posterior regions of the pelvis .
this is the first reported case of malgaigne fractur... |
isokinetic clinical training and evaluation methods are often used as a reinforcement
technique for strengthening the musculature around the knee or as a muscle strength
assessment for subjects with knee impairment1 , 2 .
isokinetic exercise for strengthening the
knee extensor is also a commonly used method in ... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to determine which ankle position most influences
knee extensor strength in training programs for strengthening the knee extensors using
three different active ankle positions .
[ subjects ] twenty - one healthy adults ( 6 males and
15 females ) participated in this stu... |
in the past decades , biochemical studies of individual 3 processing factors have contributed greatly to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the maturation of mrna 3 ends .
3 end processing of almost all eukaryotic mrnas , with the exception of metazoan histone mrnas , consists of two tightly cou... | the 3 ends of most eukaryotic messenger rnas must undergo a maturation step that includes an endonuc - leolytic cleavage followed by addition of a polyadenylate tail . while this reaction is catalyzed by the action of only two enzymes it is supported by an unexpectedly large number of proteins .
this complexity refle... |
osteoarthritis ( oa ) , the most common joint disease , belongs to a group of degenerative diseases that often occur in middle - aged and older people .
synovial inflammation , cartilage surface abrasion , subchondral sclerosis , and osteophyte formation are characteristics of oa .
the current goals of oa therapy a... | osteoarthritis ( oa ) belongs to a group of degenerative diseases .
synovial inflammation , cartilage abrasion , and subchondral sclerosis are characteristics of oa .
researchers do not fully understand the exact etiology of oa . however , matrix metalloproteinases ( mmps ) , which are responsible for cartilage mat... |
abdominal cocoon is a rare condition also known in the literature as sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis(1 ) .
the term abdominal cocoon was first applied by foo et al in 1978 ( 2 ) .
it is characterized by partial or complete encapsulation of the small bowel by fibrocollagenous membrane called cocoon with loca... | termed as a rare entity so far abdominal cocoon which is an encasing of the small bowel within the fibrous membrane is usually of unknown origin , although at times , it may be seen secondary to a variety of conditions .
though described in literature as a rare entity we report a case of tubercular abdominal cocoon... |
aeromonas sp . strain hzm is a gram negative , rod - shaped bacterium isolated from a soil sample taken at 50 cm depth in pekan tropical peat swamp forest in pahang , malaysia .
the isolate was acquired through a series of cellulose - enrichment steps followed by culture - plating on sizova 's minimal salt media ... | we report the draft genome sequence of aeromonas sp .
strain hzm , isolated from tropical peat swamp forest soil .
the draft genome size is 4,451,364 bp with a g + c content of 61.7% and contains 10 rrna sequences ( eight copies of 5s rrna genes , single copy of 16s and 23s rrna each ) .
the genome sequence ca... |
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