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it is the third most common cancer worldwide and the fourth most common cause of death [ 2 , 3 ] .
rectal cancer is defined as disease occurring in the distal 1215 cm of the large bowel , where the distal two - thirds is extraperitoneal .
total mesorectal excision ( tme ) is the standard surgical approach to proct... | background .
recent meta - analysis of 21 randomised controlled trials ( rcts ) supports the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for nonmetastatic rectal carcinoma . in order to define a subgroup of patients who can potentially benefit from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy ,
this study aims to review trials investigati... |
metabolic syndrome ( mets ) , known as insulin resistance syndrome , is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension , glucose intolerance , high triglycerides , and low high density lipoprotein - cholesterol ( hdl - c ) concentrations.1 ) mets confers an increased risk for vascular di... | metabolic syndrome ( mets ) is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors , such as hypertension , glucose intolerance , high triglycerides , and a low high density lipoprotein - cholesterol level .
mets is known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases . in order to diagnose mets , definitions su... |
dynamic time warping ( dtw ) , described in the text of kruskal and liberman ( 1 ) , is an algorithm to compute the optimal alignment of numerical sequences .
using dynamic programming ( 2 ) , dtw was first introduced by vintsyuk ( 3 ) and applied in speech recognition by sakoe and chiba ( 4 ) .
while most applicat... | dynamic time warping ( dtw ) is a well - known quadratic time algorithm to determine the smallest distance and optimal alignment between two numerical sequences , possibly of different length .
originally developed for speech recognition , this method has been used in data mining , medicine and bioinformatics . for g... |
in the previous issue of critical care , kollef and colleagues compared 7 days of doripenem with 10 days of imipenem in patients with ventilator - associated pneumonia ( vap ) caused by gram - negative bacilli ( gnb ) . the 7-day course arm was found to have non - significant higher rates of clinical failure and mort... | the optimal length of antimicrobial therapy has not been extensively studied for a great majority of infections and , in critically ill patients affected by ventilator - associated pneumonia , is a persisting and unsolved issue confronting clinicians .
the integration of biomarkers , clinical judgment , and microbiol... |
syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease ( std ) caused by the bacterium treponema pallidum , but little is known about its mechanism of action or what determines virulence of infection .
untreated syphilis in pregnancy leads to adverse outcomes among more than half of the women with active disease , including earl... | congenital syphilis is still a cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality .
untreated maternal infection leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes , including early fetal loss , stillbirth , prematurity , low birth weight , neonatal and infant death , and congenital disease among newborns .
clinical manifestations of con... |
the prevalence of allergic diseases is continuously increasing . it is estimated that approximately one - third of the general population is affected by allergic diseases .
asthma , food allergy , dermatitis , and systemic anaphylaxis are amongst the most common allergic diseases .
the myriad of symptoms observed m... | allergy is on the rise worldwide .
asthma , food allergy , dermatitis , and systemic anaphylaxis are amongst the most common allergic diseases .
the association between allergy and altered behavior patterns has long been recognized .
the molecular and cellular pathways in the bidirectional interactions of nervous... |
sweat gland carcinoma is very rare with a reported incidence of less than 0.005% of all tumour specimens resected surgically .
they represent a group of tumours with potential for local tissue infiltration and regional as well as distant metastasis .
due to limited availability of literature , the diagnosis as well... | highlightssweat gland carcinoma is very rare with a reported incidence of less than 0.005% of all tumour specimens resected surgically . due to limited availability of literature
, the diagnosis as well as management of these tumours is quite difficult.presented to us with a solitary swelling over the left chest wall... |
in order to reduce the challenges of community participation in health research methods , suggested solution is to use community - based participatory research ( cbpr ) .
this kind of research aims to promote health or decrease inequality in health by attracting community participation .
it is reasonable to believe... | background : community - based participatory research ( cbpr ) has been applied by health researchers and practitioners to address health disparities and community empowerment for health promotion . despite the growing popularity of cbpr projects ,
there has been little effort to synthesize the literature to evaluate... |
emphysematous pyelonephritis ( epn ) is a condition in which there is gas forming necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and perinephric tissue .
workup for other etiological agents should be carried out if patient does nt respond to antibiotic therapy or deteriorates clinically .
fungal etiology has rarely ... | emphysematous pyelonephritis ( epn ) a rare complication commonly seen in diabetic patients is a necrotising gas producing infection of the renal parenchyma and perinephric tissue predominantly caused by uropathogenic bacteria .
fungi have been rarely reported as the etiological agents , isolated from blood and/ or u... |
rodents are one of the most diverse mammalian animals constituting wide range of genus and species .
they have widespread distribution in the world and have important roles as agricultural pests and spread of infectious diseases .
there are many parasites in rodents , which can be transmitted to human and domestic ... | background : rodents have important role as reservoirs of different parasites .
the aim of this study was to determine helminth parasites of abundant rodents in meshkin - shahr , ardabil province northwest iran.methods:from april 2014 to march 2015 ; 205 rodents including 118 meriones persicus , 63 mus musculus and 2... |
the only studies with physician subjects involve peer - coaching , a model distinct from professional coaching.56,57 a pilot study of four nurses and physical therapists demonstrated improvement in job satisfaction and self- efficacy.58 physician coaching case reports exist , both to improve communication skills23 and ... | twenty - five to sixty percent of physicians report burnout across all specialties .
changes in the healthcare environment have created marked and growing external pressures .
in addition , physicians are predisposed to burnout due to internal traits such as compulsiveness , guilt , and self - denial , and a medica... |
the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal ( hpg ) axis is finely regulated at a central level by the activity of gnrh neurons , a peculiar hypothalamic neuronal subpopulation , comprising few cells ( 8002000 cells in the adult brain ) scattered within the preoptic area ( poa ) of the hypothalamus [ 1 , 2 ] .
the anatomi... | metabolic disorders are often associated with male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism , suggesting that hypothalamic defects involving gnrh neurons may impair the reproductive function . among metabolic factors hyperglycemia has been implicated in the control of the reproductive axis at central level , both in humans and in... |
as an emerging biomedical imaging technique , photoacoustic imaging ( pai ) has experienced considerable growth in the past decade . it has been explored for molecular imaging of biomarkers , functional imaging of physiological parameters [ 3 , 4 ] and the imaging of tumor angiogenesis [ 57 ] in both preclinical and cl... | photoacoustic imaging ( pai ) has been employed to reconstruct endogenous optical contrast present in tissues . at the cost of longer calculations ,
a compressive sensing reconstruction scheme can achieve artifact - free imaging with fewer measurements . in this paper , an effective acceleration framework using the a... |
in biological systems , l - lactate ( lactate ) is usually considered as a waste product of glycolysis .
recent evidence supports that lactate has an independent function in modulating neurotransmission and it serves as an important energy source for neurons.1,2 the brain contains considerable amounts of lactate that... | polymer d - lactic acid ( pdla ) is a hydrogel that has been shown to sequester l - lactate ( lactate ) .
this reaction is rapid , spontaneous , and non - enzymatic .
lactate has been shown to have many functions within the nervous system including its use as a secondary fuel to sustain neural activity and as a neu... |
retinal redetachment , especially in a silicone oil - filled eye , continues to be among the most frustrating and challenging conditions faced by vitreoretinal surgeons .
the recurrence rate of retinal detachment in silicone oil - filled eyes is approximately 20% [ 14 ] .
the major cause of redetachment in these ca... | purpose . retinal redetachment of silicone oil - filled eyes continues to be a frustrating condition that typically requires retinectomy .
we proposed radial retinotomy as a potentially less invasive surgery . here , we preliminarily explored its feasibility , efficacy , and safety . methods . totally 9 eyes of 9 con... |
scc arise on
sun - exposed areas of the skin and may behave aggressively , resulting in recurrence or metastasis .
many genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to
the development of sccs , the most important being repeated
exposures to the ultraviolet ( uv ) in the sunlight [ 3 , 4 ] .
epide... | p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most commonly mutated gene in human and mouse cancers .
disruption of the p53 and rb pathways is a fundamental trend of most human cancer cells .
inactivation of cdkn2a can lead to deregulation of these two pathways .
genetic abnormalities in cdkn2a gene have been well documented ... |
the global world of the 21 century has created communities and cultures that are interconnected , thanks to the development both in the field of transportation and technology . in this global intercultural community ,
future physicians , and even more so future general practitioners ( gps)/family physicians ( fps ) ,... | objective : the global world of the 21st century has created communities and cultures that are interconnected , thanks to the development both in the field of transportation and technology . in this global intercultural community , future physicians , and even more so future general practitioners ( gps)/family physicia... |
chondroblastoma is a rare tumor entity that comprises approximately 1% of all benign bone tumors . in up to 95% cases , it occurs in the second decade of life with a male : female ratio of 2:1 .
the most frequent localizations of chondroblastoma are epiphyses of long bones ( proximal humerus , proximal femur , distal... | chondroblastoma is a rare benign cartilaginous tumor typically seen in long bones , especially femur , tibia and proximal humerus .
extracortical soft tissue invasion or metastasis is rarely seen .
we report here a unique case of chondroblastoma of the fibula with extracortical soft tissue invasion .
differential... |
in the previous issue of critical care , cuthbertson and colleagues capped a long - standing research agenda by reporting long - term mortality and quality of life among survivors of severe sepsis from a scottish cohort .
these sepsis - specific data from a large population catchment are a nice complement to the pr... | cuthbertson and colleagues demonstrate that survivors of severe sepsis face , in general continued ongoing high mortality and quite poor quality of life .
this cohort caps the initial , problem - definition stage on long - term outcomes after critical illness .
having compellingly demonstrated the opportunities for... |
strontium ranelate is a relatively new drug used for the treatment of osteoporosis that both stimulates bone formation and inhibits bone resorption.1,2 randomized , placebo - controlled clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of strontium ranelate in reducing the risk of osteoporotic vertebral and nonvertebral f... | purposeto estimate the proportion of osteoporosis patients in whom initiating strontium ranelate treatment , under new ema guidelines , should be contraindicated because of a history of cardiovascular events or risk for cardiovascular events.materials and methodsthis was a retrospective analysis of medical and pharmacy... |
non - small cell lung carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors having poor prognosis .
eighty percent of lung cancer cases are at an inoperable advanced stage at the time of diagnosis .
a wide range of therapies , including targeted therapy , are being used for treatment .
it frequently shows histological h... | backgroundp63 is a gene located in chromosome 3q2729 , which has been implicated in regulation of stem cell commitment and promotion of squamous differentiation in various tissues .
the aim of this study was to investigate whether there was a correlation between p63 expression , differential diagnosis of lung carcino... |
acute pulmonary embolism ( pe ) is a common clinical problem , often with fatal consequences .
most cases of pe arise from deep vein thrombosis ( dvt ) in the calf and about 80% of patients with pe have dvt at the time of presentation ( 1 ) .
various factors associated with pe such as smoking , immobilization , and... | the incidence of pulmonary embolism ( pe ) rises markedly with age , and only a few cases have been reported in younger adults .
thrombophilia has been reported as one of the predisposing factors for pe in younger adults . here
we report an extraordinary case of pe complicated with dysplasminogenemia , a rare genet... |
new and interesting rna sequences are being rapidly discovered . as a consequence , researchers are becoming increasingly reliant on computer - generated secondary structure predictions as an initial step in elucidating structurefunction relationships .
thermodynamics - based dynamic folding algorithms , such as mfol... | as the rate of functional rna sequence discovery escalates , high - throughput techniques for reliable structural determination are becoming crucial for revealing the essential features of these rnas in a timely fashion .
computational predictions of rna secondary structure quickly generate reasonable models but suff... |
human cysticercosis is caused by infection with the larvae ( cysticerci ) of taenia solium , a cestode ( tapeworm ) transmitted among humans and between humans and pigs .
humans acquire tapeworm infection from eating raw or undercooked pork meat containing t. solium cysticerci . when ingested , cysticerci are activat... | cysticercosis is a significant public health problem in countries where pigs are raised for consumption and remains an important cause of neurological disease worldwide .
the philippines is considered an endemic area for cysticercosis because cases in both humans and pigs have been reported ; however , epidemiologic ... |
protein tyrosine kinases ( tks ) play a crucial role in signal transduction pathways regulating numerous cellular functions , including differentiation and proliferation .
chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) is caused by the constitutively up - regulated tk bcr - abl1 resulting from the reciprocal balanced chromosomal t... | backgroundbosutinib is a third - generation dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( tki ) inhibiting abl and src kinases .
it was developed to act on up - regulated tyrosine kinases ( tks ) like bcr - abl in philadelphia chromosome positive ( ph+ ) chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) when resistance to first- and second - gene... |
chronic pain represents a relevant medical condition with detrimental effects on life quality and socio - economical state .
patients with chronic pain may not respond positively to standard pharmacological therapies and may require other alternative approaches to relieve symptoms . in 1991
, tsubokawa et al . re... | evidence by functional imaging studies suggests the role of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( dlpfc ) in the inhibitory control of nociceptive transmission system .
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rtms ) is able to modulate pain response to capsaicin . in the present study
, we evaluated the effe... |
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ( pnh ) is a disease characterized by intra - vascular hemolysis , thrombosis , and bone marrow failure .
the disease is associated with mutations in the pig - a gene in hematopoietic stem cells , resulting in a deficiency of glycosylphosphatidylinositol ( gpi)-anchored proteins.1 ... | paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ( pnh ) , a disease characterized by intravascular hemolysis , thrombosis , and bone marrow failure , is associated with mutations in the pig - a gene , resulting in a deficiency of glycosylphosphatidylinositol - anchored proteins .
many hypotheses have been posed as to whether pnh... |
cissus sicyoides ( cs ) belonging to the vitaceae family
comprises of about 165 genus and 1370 species , which are distributed throughout
the tropics , mainly in brazil and the caribbean .
insulinas , cipo - puc ,
bejuco de porra , bejuco caro , puci , and anil trepador .
originally from the dominican repu... | the aim of the present study is to demonstrate the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects of a hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the aerial parts of cissus sicyoides l. ( cs ) ( vitaceae ) on male and female mice using several behavioral assays .
groups of males and females treated via intraperitoneal ( ip ) with... |
healthcare spending is growing at an explosive rate and accordingly cost - containment is a major goal in healthcare at present . given the heavy financial burden and social expectations , healthcare reform has also become a major economic and political issue . in the midst of this , advanced diagnostic imaging modalit... | purposeto determine what proportion of patients visiting a tertiary knee clinic had pre - obtained knee magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) and to assess the impact of pre - obtained knee mri on the selection of treatment plans.materials and methodssix hundred and eighty patients were enrolled from patients who visited ... |
data on infants , ages < 12 months , hospitalized with a clinical diagnosis of dhf were obtained from four hospitals : children s hospital no .
1 , ho chi minh city , vietnam ; the queen sirikit national institute of child health , also referred to as bangkok children s hospital , bangkok , thailand ; children s hosp... | the age distribution of cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome ( dhf / dss ) in infants under the age of 1 year are reported from bangkok , thailand , and for the first time for ho chi minh city , vietnam ; yangon , myanmar ; and surabaya , indonesia .
the four dengue viruses were isolated from t... |
recent medical progress has led to an increase in the number of cardiac arrest survivors . according to one estimate , up to 200 people per 1 million inhabitants
however , about half of these survivors suffer severe neurological sequelae ( brct 1991 ) , because the brain is the organ most vulnerable to hypoxia .
fo... | most patients contract hypoxic encephalopathy after suffering a cardiac arrest .
they usually endure severe neurological sequelae and the temporal profile of the disease progression remains unclear .
this case study shows how the effects of hypoxic encephalopathy continue to progress for several years after the ini... |
viral culture of the stool of a 6-day - old patient with a 2-day history of high fever and poor feeding and no history of gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms showed enterovirus cytopathic effects .
however , pcr targeted at the 5 untranslated region ( utr ) of enterovirus ( 13 ) was negative , whereas a 5 utr ... | we identified a novel human parechovirus ( hpev ) type ( k251176 - 02 ) from a neonate with fever .
analysis of the complete genome showed k251176 - 02 to be a new hpev genotype .
since k251176 - 02 could not be neutralized with antibodies against known hpev serotypes 13 , it should be classified as a fourth hpev s... |
pain is a common symptom in patients with advanced malignant cancer and greatly increases physical and mental suffering .
most of the patients ( 60%90% ) with advanced cancer present different degrees of pain , of which 30% are with unbearable pain symptoms [ 1 , 2 ] .
surgery , radiotherapy , and chemotherapy have... | treating cancer pain continues to possess a major challenge . here , we report that a traditional chinese medicine xiao - ai - tong ( xat ) can effectively suppress pain and adverse reactions following morphine treatment in patients with bone cancer pain .
visual analogue scale ( vas ) and quality of life questionnai... |
bardet - biedl syndrome is a continuum of systemic manifestations that include obesity , polydactyly , hypogonadism and mental retardation .
the ocular examination can reveal different types and severity of pigmentary retinal dystrophy ( including retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento , retinitis punctate albescens or e... | bardet - biedl syndrome is a continuum of disorders characterized by systemic and ocular findings .
retinal abnormalities typically present as diffuse photoreceptor degeneration . here
, we report a novel case that suggests a rod - sparing variant of bardet - biedl syndrome . |
chiral sulfides are
important for the synthesis of a wide range
of biologically relevant molecules and are also versatile synthetic
intermediates for a variety of organic transformations . in recent years
, a number of methods have been
developed for the direct formation of stereogenic carbon centers
bearin... | a catalytic , enantioselective , lewis
base - catalyzed -sulfenylation
of silyl enol ethers has been developed .
to avoid acidic hydrolysis
of the silyl enol ether substrates , a sulfenylating agent that did
not require additional brnsted acid activation , namely n - phenylthiosaccharin , was developed .
th... |
anaemia is common in cancer patients with a reported prevalence of 40% in solid tumours [ 1 , 2 ] .
overall anaemia in patients presenting with cancer is associated with reduced survival [ 3 , 4 ] and reduced quality of life [ 2 , 5 ] .
although anaemia is associated with chronic blood loss from the gastrointestina... | background .
surgical patients are often anaemic preoperatively subsequently requiring blood transfusion .
the aim of this study was to assess the problem of anaemia and transfusion rates in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer .
methods .
haemoglobin levels and transfusion requirements were assess... |
a hallmark of polarized cells is the segregation of the par polarity regulators into asymmetric domains at the cell cortex1 , 2 .
antagonistic interactions involving two conserved kinases , atypical protein kinase c ( apkc ) and par-1 , have been implicated in polarity maintenance1 , 2 , but the mechanisms that initi... | |
fibromyalgia ( fms ) is a chronic pain syndrome in which pathogenesis is complex and cure is not known .
it affects approximately 10 million adults in the united states with an estimated 90% of diagnoses being reported in women .
sequelae of fms include physical and psychological distress , loss of work productivit... | fibromyalgia ( fms ) is a chronic pain syndrome with a complex but poorly understood pathogenesis affecting approximately 10 million adults in the united states .
the lack of a clear etiology of fms has limited the effective diagnosis and treatment of this debilitating condition .
the objective of this secondary da... |
cellular responses induced by traumatic central nervous system ( cns ) injury are associated with both destructive and regenerative processes mediated by neurons , glial and immunogenic cell types , and the endothelial compartment .
they are orchestrated by defined changes in gene expression , leading to chronologica... | activation of nuclear factor kappa b ( nf-b ) is a hallmark of various central nervous system ( cns ) pathologies .
neuron - specific inhibition of its transcriptional activator subunit rela , also referred to as p65 , promotes neuronal survival under a range of conditions , i.e. , for ischemic or excitotoxic insults... |
the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( type 2 dm ) is increasing at an alarming rate both nationally and worldwide . defects in pancreatic -cell
function , insulin sensitivity , and systemic inflammation all contribute to the development of type 2 dm . since insulin resistance is a risk factor for diabetes , und... | vitamin d is characterized as a regulator of homeostasis of bone and mineral metabolism , but it can also provide nonskeletal actions because vitamin d receptors have been found in various tissues including the brain , prostate , breast , colon , pancreas , and immune cells . bone metabolism , modulation of the immune ... |
nesfatin-1 is an 82-amino - acid peptide originated from post translational processing of the n - terminal fragment of nucleobindin 2 ( nucb2 ) , a 396-amino - acid protein exceptionally conserved across mammalian species ( oh - i et al . , 2006 ) .
post translational cleavage of nucb-2 appears in the expression of n... | in this article , we review on the current concepts about nesfatin-1 as a new anti - obesity treatment and evaluate the existing issues in the context of this knowledge and the available literature .
the intent is to enable clinicians to know nesfatin-1 as a new anti - obesity treatment and make rational decisions ba... |
brucellosis is a zoonosis disease caused by the bacterial genus brucella . that is transmitted directly or indirectly by contact with infected animals or contaminated dairy products .
brucella species are small , gram - negative , nonmotile , nonspore - forming , and rod - shaped ( coccobacilli ) bacterial organisms ... | background .
brucellosis is one of the most common diseases of humans and animals and its clinical manifestations differ from asymptomatic infection to chronic illness associated with recurrence of symptoms .
this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of brucellosis in asymptomatic children 7 to 12 years old in ka... |
vorapaxar is a firstinclass oral proteaseactivated receptor ( par)1 antagonist , which inhibits thrombininduced platelet activation and is effective in the secondary prevention of atherothrombosis .
we previously reported the primary results of the thrombin receptor antagonist in secondary prevention of atherothro... | backgroundvorapaxar is a proteaseactivated receptor1 antagonist approved by the u.s .
food and drug administration ( fda ) for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular ( cv ) events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction ( mi ) and peripheral artery disease ( pad ) , without a previous stroke or transi... |
as a service to our authors and readers , this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors .
such materials are peer reviewed and may be reorganized for online delivery , but are not copyedited or typeset .
technical support issues arising from supporting information ( other than missing files )... | abstractsolutions of 5narylaminothiazoles containing pyridyl groups exhibited clear halochromism and halofluorism upon addition of brnsted and lewis acids .
the addition of triflic acid to solutions of 5narylaminothiazoles in et2o induced bathochromic shifts of the absorption and emission bands .
dft calculations s... |
a 10-year - old japanese girl presented with an 8-month history of pigmented lesion on the sole of the right foot .
examination showed a rhomboid - shaped brown macule with keratotic scale , 4x3 mm in size , on the lateral center side of the sole ( figure 1 ) .
dermoscopic examination revealed that a number of blac... | a 10-year - old japanese girl presented with a rhomboid - shaped brown macule , 4x3 mm in size , on the sole of the right foot .
dermoscopic examination revealed a number of black dots and globules on the ridges of the skin , marking an area of symmetrical brown pigmentation . on the periphery
, a streak - like arr... |
we retrospectively evaluated the clinical records of all the consecutive patients , diagnosed with acute lgi bleeding and who underwent an angiography from january 2003 to october 2007 .
we obtained a waiver from the institutional review board for patient consent for this study . in total , we identified 46 patients ... | objectiveto assess the clinical outcomes of the transcatheter microcoil embolization in patients with active lower gastrointestinal ( lgi ) bleeding in the small bowel , as well as to compare the mortality rates between the two groups based on the visualization or non - visualization of the bleeding focus determined by... |
myotonic dystrophy ( md ) is a multi - system disorder , the most well known symptoms being muscle weakness and myotonia . distressing daytime sleepiness and diminished spontaneous activity , often referred to as inertia , reduced initiative , inactivity or apathy ,
these latter symptoms often seem to cause more hind... | we performed a double - blind placebo - controlled crossover study in 13 patients with myotonic dystrophy to address the question whether modafinil , known to improve hypersomnolence in myotonic dystrophy , may improve levels of activity as well .
we used the epworth sleepiness scale as a measure of hypersomnolence a... |
testicular lymphoma is an aggressive extranodal lymphoma that arises primarily in the testis or as a part of generalized nhl .
primary testicular lymphoma ( ptl ) usually presents as a unilateral testicular mass of variable size and can show contiguous spread to rete testis , epididymis , spermatic cord and rarely to... | primary testicular lymphoma usually presents as a unilateral testicular mass with occasional bilateral involvement .
the tumor show contiguous spread to rete testis , epididymis spermatic cord and rarely to tunica albuginea .
we report a case of primary testicular lymphoma which showed rupture of tunica albuginea w... |
laser in situ keratomileusis ( lasik ) , originally described in 1990 by pallikaris,1 remains the most commonly performed surgical technique to correct refractive errors .
adequate repositioning of the lasik flap at the end of the procedure with symmetrical gutters circumferentially is essential to attain good postop... | we describe the use and safety of prednisolone acetate eyedrops at the end of laser in situ keratomileusis ( lasik ) to aid proper positioning of the corneal flap .
the lasik flap is created using the preferred technique . following laser ablation and flap repositioning , one drop of prednisolone acetate
is instill... |
mferg responses were recorded in 40 subjects with a history of preterm birth ( table ) .
all subjects had serial fundus examinations in the newborn intensive care nursery in accordance with the american academy of pediatrics section on ophthalmology guidelines for rop screening .
rop was classified using the intern... | purposethe purpose of this study is to assess cone - mediated central retinal function in children with a history of preterm birth , including subjects with and without retinopathy of prematurity ( rop ) .
the multifocal electroretinogram ( mferg ) records activity of the postreceptor retinal circuitry.methodsmferg r... |
gold nanoparticles which absorb light
strongly in the near - infrared
( nir ) wavelength region from 700 to 1100 nm , where blood and tissue
absorb weakly , are of great utility in
biomedical imaging modalities such as photoacoustic imaging .
strong nir extinction is often produced from nanoclusters of closel... | gold nanospheres coated with a binary
monolayer of bound citrate
and cysteine ligands were assembled into nanoclusters , in which the
size and near - infrared ( nir ) extinction were tuned by varying the
ph and concentration of added nacl . during full evaporation of an
aqueous dispersion of 4.5 1.8 nm au pr... |
the world that we are living in is constantly changing and survival is based on learning both the reward and the penalty information associated with changing contingencies . during evolution , animals increased their ability to adapt their responses or actions to environmental stimuli depending on trial - to - trial fe... | although it is known that individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate marked impairment in reinforcement learning , the details of this impairment are not known .
the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reward - related probability learning is altered in schizophrenia patients .
twenty - five clinicall... |
an mri of the lumbar spine was then performed , which clearly demonstrated a lesion of the fifth lumbar vertebra , within the confines of the vertebral cortex , having low t1- and high t2-weighted signal intensities , and showing no enhancement ( fig .
there was no evidence of soft tissue extension . in the presence ... | a giant vertebral notochordal rest is a newly described , benign entity that is easily confused with a vertebral chordoma . as microscopic notochordal rests
are rarely found in adult autopsies , the finding of a macroscopic vertebral lesion is a new entity with only seven previously presented cases .
we report here... |
a canine is considered as being impacted if it is interrupted after complete root development or if the contralateral tooth is erupted for at least 6 months with complete root formation .
maxillary canines are one of the most commonly impacted teeth after the third molars with prevalence in the range of 0.82.8% .
t... | interdisciplinary approach for the management of malocclusion provides a holistic approach of patient management .
prudent treatment planning is necessary to achieve the various treatment goals .
the article highlights the salient features and various surgical and orthodontic considerations to approach cases with i... |
oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures under general anesthesia have a relatively common complication of postoperative nausea and vomiting ( ponv ) .
postoperative vomiting may predispose patients to increased pain , bleeding , dehydration , electrolyte imbalance , and delayed wound healing1 .
there are a numbe... | objectivesto compare the efficacy of intravenous ondansetron ( 4 mg , 2 ml ) and granisetron ( 2 mg , 2 ml ) for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting ( ponv ) in patients during oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures under general anesthesia.materials and methodsa prospective , randomized , and double blind... |
the description of macromolecular interactions in terms of the binding constant and gibbs energy of binding is widely used in considering protein protein and protein dna complexes .
however , it is far from sufficient for elucidating the nature of the physical forces acting between the partners , in particular for ... | we discuss the effectiveness of existing methods for understanding the forces driving the formation of specific protein dna complexes .
theoretical approaches using the poisson
boltzmann ( pb ) equation to analyse interactions between these highly charged macromolecules to form known structures are contrasted with... |
serum samples were obtained from 4 areas in peru : chiclayito and salitral ( piura department ) ; la merced ( junin department ) ; and cusco ( cusco department ) ( figure ) .
chiclayito is a small village ( population 6,133 ) 30 m above sea level on the outskirts of the city of piura in the northern coastal desert . ... | serum specimens from patients at 4 sites in peru were tested for evidence of spotted fever group rickettsial infection .
results showed that 30 ( 18% ) of 170 patients had spotted fever group rickettsial infections , which likely caused their illnesses .
these findings document laboratory - confirmed spotted fever ... |
squamous cell carcinoma is not uncommon in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum and mostly involving the face , head , neck , and scalp .
here , we present a huge squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp in a three - years - old child with xeroderma pigmentosum . in addition , we illustrate the challenges of a child with ... | context : xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare autosomal - recessive disorder that appears in early childhood . squamous cell carcinoma is not uncommon in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum and mostly involving the face , head , neck , and scalp .
however , squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp may exhibit an aggressive c... |
osteoporosis is the most common bone disease known , affecting an estimated 200 million people worldwide .
approximately 30% of all postmenopausal women are affected and up to 40% will develop a fragility fracture within their lifetime . over time , a number of risk factors have been associated with osteoporosis and ... | the link between type 1 diabetes mellitus ( dm1 ) and osteoporosis , identified decades ago , has gained attention in recent years . while a number of cellular mechanisms have been postulated to mediate this association , it is now established that defects in osteoblast differentiation and activity are the main culprit... |
anorectal malignancies are commonly adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma(1 ) , with melanoma having a relative incidence of 0.5% 4% of all malignancies in this region ( 13 ) .
this site is the third most common primary location for melanoma after the skin and retina and yet only 0.4 - 1.6% of all primary melano... | primary rectal melanoma is rare and only represents up to 4% of anorectal malignancies .
the prognosis of such a diagnosis is significantly different to a metastatic melanoma deposit in the anorectal area and therefore differentiation between the two is of the utmost importance with regards to initial treatment and l... |
are generally caused by inadequate production due to suppression of bone marrow by hiv infection through abnormal cytokine expression and alteration of the bone marrow microenvironment .
we present a series of bone marrow abnormalities in hiv infected children who presented with anemia .
a 7-year - old boy presente... | bone marrow abnormalities in hiv infected adults include hypocellularity , myelodysplasia and poor marrow recovery .
data in children is limited .
we report a series of three hiv infected with varied bone marrow abnormalities .
first child was a 7-year - old boy with pulmonary tuberculosis , anemia , thrombocytop... |
we aimed to visualize the retinal arterial wall thickness , assisted by noninvasive adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy ( ao - slo ) .
the arterial wall thickness was measured and compared between one normal subject and one patient suffering from malignant hypertensive retinopathy .
increased arterial wal... | purposewe aimed to visualize the retinal arterial wall thickness , assisted by noninvasive adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy ( ao - slo).methodsthe arterial wall thickness was measured and compared between one normal subject and one patient suffering from malignant hypertensive retinopathy.resultsincreased ... |
the use of liver grafts from public health service ( phs ) increased risk donors ( irds ) , donors at increased risk for transmission of blood - borne diseases , remains inconsistent in liver transplantation .
these donors include those who have been recently incarcerated , those who practice intravenous drug abuse o... | background . the phs increased risk donor ( ird ) is underutilized in liver transplantation .
we aimed to examine the posttransplant outcomes in recipients of increased - risk organs .
methods .
we analyzed 228,040 transplants in the organ procurement and transplantation network database from 2004 to 2013 .
end... |
primary biliary cholangitis ( pbc ) , previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis , is a chronic cholestatic liver disease with an autoimmune basis , affecting mostly middle - aged women.1 the inflammatory response leads to slow destruction of small intrahepatic bile ducts and progression at varying rates to cirrhosi... | primary biliary cholangitis ( pbc ) , previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis , is a rare autoimmune liver disease characterized by the hallmark autoantibodies to mitochondrial antigens and immune - mediated destruction of small bile duct epithelial cells leading to cholestasis and cirrhosis .
surprisingly , ... |
mineral characteristics and the in vitro hemolytic activity of three synthetic and two natural calcium silicates ( casi ) are compared .
hemolysis is higher for the synthetic compounds than for the natural ones .
the difference is accentuated by weak ultrasonication of the minerals .
no variation was observed wit... | |
when hyperglycemia begins before the age of 6 months and lasts for more than 14 days , it is considered as neonatal diabetes .
overall , neonatal diabetes is categorized into two groups . in half of the cases ;
i.e. , the transient form , the patients hyperglycemia is spontaneously improved . in the other type ,
... | permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus ( pndm ) is a rare type of diabetes and kcnj11 gene activating mutation is one of its prevalent causes .
we introduced a 4-month - old male infant with poor feeding , restlessness , tachypnea , hyperglycemia , metabolic acidosis , and ketonemia .
he was discharged with insulin a... |
non - coding rnas such as micrornas ( mirnas ) are now well established as important biological regulators . in particular ,
mirnas act both to destabilize the transcripts they bind to and to block their translation .
this binding event is mediated by a protein complex that recruits the mature mirna to its target t... | non - coding rna transcripts such as micrornas ( mirnas ) and long non - coding rnas ( lncrnas ) are important genetic regulators .
however , the functions of many of these transcripts are still not clearly understood .
recently , it has become apparent that there is significant crosstalk between mirnas and lncrnas... |
chest wall skeletal defects are usually closed using muscle flaps , other autogenous tissue , or prosthetic materials . however , reconstruction procedures involving typical muscle flaps , such as the pectoralis major , latissimus dorsi , serratus anterior , and rectus abdominis , need additional incisions and plastic ... | highlightswe performed a subscapular muscle flap surgery to cover a chest wall defect.no previous study has reported this technique for chest wall reconstruction.the subscapular muscle flap technique can be conducted using the same incision as a lobectomy.the subscapular muscle flap technique does not require plastic s... |
amflora ( eh92 - 527 - 1 ) is a genetically modified ( gm ) potato variety , solanum tuberosum l. of the chemical company basf ( ludwigshafen , germany ) .
is composed of two main parts amylose and amylopectin , 20 and 80% respectively . while amylopectin is the required starch component for industrial purposes due t... | the amflora ( eh92 - 527 - 1 ) potato is a genetically modified ( gm ) potato in which only starch of the amylopectin form is produced .
this has been achieved by intervening with the biosynthesis of starch in this variety of potato .
the amflora potato is solely grown for the purposes of enhancing its industrial a... |
graves ' disease management guidelines of the japanese thyroid association recommend that methimazole ( mmi ) should be used in every patient with graves ' disease as the first - choice drug except for during the first trimester of pregnancy .
however , when patients with graves ' disease show an allergic skin reacti... | objective when patients with graves ' disease show severe allergic cutaneous reactions , physicians often suggest that they undergo radioiodine therapy instead of receiving propylthiouracil ( ptu ) , another antithyroid drug , because anti - neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ( anca)-related vasculitis can occur with ptu ... |
we estimated 338 thyroidectomy specimens from the files of the department of pathology , seoul national university hospital and boramae hospital , from 1993 to 2003 .
these tissue samples were from patients with adenomatous goiter ( ag , n=57 ) , follicular adenoma ( fa , n=58 ) , follicular carcinoma ( fc , n=57 ) ,... | backgroundoverexpression of survivin , a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein , has been reported in various carcinomas , and its interaction with cyclooxygenase 2 ( cox-2 ) results in accelerated tumor progression .
the purpose of this study is to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of survivin a... |
on anterior segment examination , she had iris abnormalities of hypoplasia , corectopia , and sclerocornea prominent at the lateral limbus of both eyes ( fig .
cycloplegic retinoscopy was -3.5 diopters ( d ) in the right eye and -4.0d in the left eye .
ocular alignment revealed 20 prism diopters ( pd ) of exotropia... | axenfeld - rieger syndrome ( ars ) is associated with ocular and systemic anomalies .
pitx2 is known to be a major controlling gene in the pathogenesis of ars and is associated with differentiation in both the neural crest and mesoderm during eye development.a 4-year - old girl with bilateral ars had 20 prism diopter... |
laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( lc ) has become the first - line procedure for most patients with gallstones .
endo - retractors are convenient devices for exposure and traction during minimally invasive surgery and are widely used in lc .
herein we present a patient with diaphragmatic injury caused by an endo - ret... | endo - retractors are convenient devices for exposure and traction during minimally invasive surgery and are widely used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( lc ) .
complications associated with the use of this device are rare .
we present a patient with symptomatic gallstones who underwent lc and developed a diaphrag... |
primary biliary cirrhosis ( pbc ) , primary sclerosing cholangitis ( psc ) , and hepatolithiasis in adults and biliary atresia and choledochal cyst in infants are biliary diseases in which different anatomical levels of the biliary tree are specifically affected and characterized by cholangiopathy .
the biliary tre... | biliary innate immunity is involved in the pathogenesis of cholangiopathies in cases of biliary disease .
cholangiocytes possess toll - like receptors ( tlrs ) which recognize pathogen - associated molecular patterns ( pamps ) and play a pivotal role in the innate immune response .
tolerance to bacterial pamps such... |
spinal anaesthesia ( sa ) is nowadays considered the standard anaesthetic technique for elective caesarean section .
however , the chance of hypotension is a major limitation of this technique . the incidence of hypotension is more than 80% without any prophylactic measures .
the incidence of hypotension can be low... | introduction : this randomized double blind study was started with an objective of management of spinal anaesthesia - induced hypotension in elective caesarean section by combining two commonly used vasopressors ephedrine and phenylephrine in half of their usual doses with an expectation of reducing their foetomaterna... |
pulpectomy is intended to remove an irreversibly infected or necrotic pulp of deciduous tooth , meanwhile maintaining the functional state until the permanent teeth take its position . however , the procedure has its own shortcomings which include incomplete instrumentation of complex torturous canals and unavailabilit... | pulpectomy is preferably more conservative treatment option than the extraction of deciduous teeth despite few undesirable consequences of obturating materials of which odontogenic cysts are one .
this article aims to report a case of an 11-year - old female child having bilateral odontogenic cysts , i.e. , radicular... |
we took both gross dissection and microscopic examination to elucidate whether lateral palpebral raphe existed or not , in which the decision was made by the single examiner ( hk ) . in gross dissection ,
five eyelids of three caucasian cadavers ( 2 males : 1 right , 2 left ; 1 female : 1 right , 1 left ) aged from 8... | classical anatomical teaching reports the presence of the lateral palpebral raphe formed at the union in the preseptal and orbital parts of the orbicularis oculi muscle , or by the tendon adhering these to the underlying zygomatic bone .
the lateral palpebral raphe has been shown to be absent in asian cadavers .
th... |
striving for excellence motivates you ; striving for perfection is demoralizing .
striving for excellence
motivates you ; striving for perfection is demoralizing .
striving for excellence in any endeavor
conscientiously striving to achieve difficult but attainable goals usually leads to feelings of sat... | striving for excellence is an admirable goal .
adaptive or healthy perfectionism can drive ambition and lead to extraordinary accomplishments .
high - achieving people often show signs of perfectionism
. however , maladaptive , unhealthy , or neurotic perfectionism , where anything less than perfect is unacceptab... |
citation indexing databases entitle journals to index their citations if the journal s structure coincides with the platform of that database and on condition that the journal contains a valid number of citations .
authors need to present their names in these databases too , in order to gain higher scientific reputat... | background : in this study , the impact of self - citation ( journal and author ) on impact factor of iranian english medical journals in two international citation databases , web of science ( wos ) and islamic world science citation center ( isc ) , were compared by citation analysis.methods:twelve journals in wos an... |
prevalence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents is over 85% but the prevalence rates have been reported to be as high as 90% in women aged 1845 years the prevalence of dysmenorrhea worldwide is similar to that in the us , with the rates ranging from 15.8 to 89.5% and with higher prevalence rates reported in adolescent popula... | background : different therapeutic methods have been applied for the treatment of dysmenorrhea and the method with the lesser side effects is preferred .
the aim of this study was to compare the effects of herbal products ( fennelin and vitagnus ) and mefenamic acid in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.materials ... |
we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with rae who were diagnosed between january 1995 and december 2007 at yeungnam university hospital .
approval to conduct this study was obtained from the institutional review board of yeungnam university hospital .
patients who met the following criteria w... | purposethe aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with refractive accommodative esotropia ( rae ) whose refractive errors were gradually reduced to below + 2.00 diopters ( d ) during follow - up but use of spectacles was still required for maintenance of good ocular align... |
before nonanimal toxicity tests may be officially accepted by regulatory agencies , it is generally agreed that the validity of the new methods must be demonstrated in an independent , scientifically sound validation program .
validation has been defined as the demonstration of the reliability and relevance of a test... | |
due to lower birth rates and better healthcare , the average age of the world 's population has increased . in korea in particular , rapid increases in life expectancy have been observed over the past few decades , with the life expectancy of females increasing from 79.6 years in 2000 to 85.1 years in 2013 ( 1 ) .
th... | with the increase in life expectancy , age is no longer considered as a limitation for treatment .
nevertheless , the treatment of elderly patients with head and neck cancer ( hnc ) remains controversial .
here , we aimed to review our experience with the treatment for elderly patients , while particularly focusing... |
quantum
theory states that , at zero temperature and in the absence
of any radiation , there are fluctuations of the electromagnetic field
( the so - called vacuum fluctuations ) that give rise to the well - known
van der waals and casimir forces between polarizable objects .
these forces are at
the heart o... | we report on the theoretical analysis
of equilibrium distances
in real plane - parallel systems under the influence of casimir and
gravity forces at thermal equilibrium . due to the balance between
these forces , thin films of teflon , silica , or polystyrene in a single - layer
configuration and immersed in ... |
the concept of oral health - related quality of life ( ohrqol ) relates to the impact which oral health or disease has on the individual 's daily functioning , well - being or quality of life ( qol ) .
there is current interest in children 's qol18,21 , which includes social , psychological and functional aspects5 , ... | objectives : the objectives of this study were to assess the validity and reliability of the family impact scale ( fis ) applied in brazilian parents after translations and cultural adaptations to brazilian portuguese language and to evaluate the nature and extent to which the family functioning is compromised by the c... |
neurofibromatosis type 1 ( nf1 ) is a common , progressive , autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder characterized by variable expressivity and a predisposition to the development of tumors .
clinical features include caf - au - lait macules , skin - fold freckles , lisch nodules , and dermal neurofibromas . chron... | patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 ( nf1 ) , a common , progressive , autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder , are predisposed to malignancies .
several types of hematologic malignancies have been described in them . however , to date there has been no report to the best of our knowledge of a patient with nf1... |
the development of readily tunable
and regioselective c h
functionalization reactions that operate solely through catalyst control
remains a challenge in modern organic synthesis . herein ,
we report
that simple silver catalysts supported by common nitrogenated ligands
can be used to tune a nitrene transfe... | |
calcium hydroxide ( ca(oh)2 ) as an intracanal medicament ( icm ) has been extensively studied and its clinical use well established
. in aqueous solution ca(oh)2 dissociates into calcium and hydroxyl ions .
the large amount of hydroxyl ions liberated interferes with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane integri... | objective calcium hydroxide ( ca(oh)2 ) has been used in endodontics as an intracanal medicament due to its antimicrobial effects and its ability to inactivate bacterial endotoxin . the inability to totally remove this intracanal medicament from the root canal system , however , may interfere with the setting of eugeno... |
urinary incontinence ( ui ) is a common condition that affects approximately 27% ( 957% ) of women worldwide .
it has a negative impact on quality of life , especially in the domains of social , physiological , physical and sexual well - being .
health is understood as a state of full physical , psychological and s... | introduction : transobturator tapes ( tot ) are frequently used in the management of female stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) .
we evaluated the effect of tot on sexual function in indian women with stress urinary incontinence.materials and methods:34 sexually active women ( mean age 42.38 years ) with sui were eva... |
with an overall incidence of approximately 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 1,00,000 live births , gaucher 's disease is the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorder . an autosomal recessive disorder , gaucher 's disease is caused by mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene , leading to decreased enzyme activity and accumulation o... | infantile gaucher 's disease presenting as cor pulmonale is rarely reported in pediatric literature .
we report a 3.3 year old boy with infantile gaucher 's disease who presented to us as interstitial lung disease , pulmonary hypertension along with features of cor pulmonale .
the high resolution ct findings were t... |
extracapillary proliferative cellular lesions or cellular crescents are a hallmark of severe inflammatory reactions in glomeruli and have been documented in various forms of glomerulonephritis ( gn ) .
crescents are observed in various forms of gn including rapidly progressive gn , postinfectious gn , iga nephropathy... | the origin of crescent forming cells in human glomerulonephritis ( gn ) remains unknown .
some animal studies demonstrated that parietal epithelial cells of bowman 's capsule ( pecs ) were the main component of proliferating cells and pec - specific tight junction protein claudin-1 was expressed in crescentic lesions... |
vertigo in migraine patients may be in two forms : either both symptoms ( migraine and vertigo ) may co - occur in the same patient as different entities or vertigo may be an integral part of migraine . in order to differentiate migraine and vertigo as integral phenomena of a single disorder from simply co - morbid sym... | dizziness and vertigo are frequently reported by patients with migraine . in migrainous vertigo ( mv ) , vertigo is causally related to migraine .
patients of mv usually have an attenuated or absent headache with their vertigo as compared with their usual headache of migraine . here
we report three female patients ... |
heart failure ( hf ) is a common disease in the community setting.1 at the same time , the sensitivity of clinical signs is low and gps have a limited toolbox available to provide a rapid diagnosis.2 assessment of left ventricular ( lv ) function with echocardiography is mandatory in patients with suspected hf.3 howeve... | backgroundassessment of left ventricular ( lv ) function with echocardiography is mandatory in patients with suspected heart failure ( hf).objectivesto investigate if gps were able to evaluate the lv function in patients at risk of developing or with established hf by using pocket - sized ultrasound ( pus).methodsfeasi... |
cystic echinococcosis ( ce ) is a zoonotic infection of human and domestic animals caused by the larval stages of the cestode echinococcus granulosus .
this helminthic zoonosis is one of the most important diseases for human and livestock in the country ( 1 - 3 ) .
larvae of e. granulosus produce an antigen , known... | backgroundantigen b ( agb ) is frequently used for immuno - diagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis ( ce ) .
echinococcus granulosus agbs show a high degree of genetic variability in different hosts or in different ce endemic areas .
the present study aimed to evaluate the genetic polymorphisms of encoding antigen... |
hydrocephalus is most commonly treated with shunt insertion ( si ) and/or endoscopic third ventriculostomy ( etv ) . in spite of the many attempts at comparing the surgery methods in question , there has been no definite answer as to which method of treating hydrocephalus in a population of young children is superior a... | purposethe aim of the study was to compare the radiological indicators of effectiveness for hydrocephalus treatment in children operated on under the third year of age with the use of shunt insertion ( si ) and endoscopic third ventriculostomy ( etv ) .
the effectiveness was considered in terms of postoperative neuro... |
bacopa monnieri ( bm ) , a nootropic plant belongs to scrophulariaceae family , is found in wet , damp and marshy areas of tropical regions .
b. monnieri is an important constituent of ayurveda and has been mentioned in haraka samhita , suruta - samhita and other treatise ( 1 ) .
the presence of active saponins l... | objective(s):bacopa monnieri ( bm ) , a traditional ayurvedic medicine , is a well - known memory enhancer .
we have explored the role of bm against decabrominated diphenyl ether ( pbde-209)-induced alterations in neonate and young female mice.materials and methods : mice were orally administered with b. monnieri at ... |
the dimorphic fungi coccidioides immitis and posadasii are endemic to the southwestern united states as well as parts of mexico and south america .
however , in a small percentage of cases coccidioides disseminate widely to the skin , meninges , joints , and bones .
we report a case of disseminated coccidioidomycos... | coccidioides species are endemic to the southwestern united states and typically cause a mild or asymptomatic primary infection . in some instances
, infection can disseminate and involve the central nervous system with meningitis being the most common manifestation .
non - osseous spinal cord involvement is exceed... |
sweating capacity as measured by sweat secretion rates has been reported reduced in adult patients with gh deficiency [ 14 ] as well as in children with gh deficiency ( ghd ) and gh insensitivity syndromes [ 5 , 6 ] .
furthermore , sweat secretion has been found correlated to circulating igf - i levels [ 1 , 4 , 7 ] ... | adults with gh deficiency are known to exhibit reduced sweating . whether sweating capacity is impacted in obese subjects with impaired gh secretion
have not previously been investigated .
the main objective was to investigate sweat secretion rate and the gh - igf - i axis in obese subjects before and after weight ... |
genetic alterations in various genes responsible for the maintenance of the normal epithelial phenotype has come forward as a major cause for the deregulation of normal epithelial physiology however , it is well established that genetic mutations are correlated with various environmental stimuli . in addition , direct ... | tight junctions are the apical cell - cell adhesion that regulate paracellular permeability and are critical for epithelial cell polarity
. molecular architecture of tight junction has been studied extensively , which has confirmed that claudin family of proteins is integral component of tight junction .
loss of ce... |
it has been shown to affect 18% of women and 6.5% of men in united states .
worldwide approximately 240 millions of people have an estimated 1.4 billion attacks of migraine each year .
severe migraine has been included in the list of global burden of diseases by world health organization ( who ) and it represents a... | migraine constitutes 16% of primary headaches affecting 10 - 20% of general population according to international headache society . till now
nonsteroidalanti - inflammatory drugs ( nsaids ) , opioids and triptans are the drugs being used for acute attack of migraine .
substances with proven efficacy for prevention... |
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