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the use of erythropoiesis - stimulating agents ( esas ) and iron administration have enabled anemia control in hemodialysis patients without blood transfusions.13 however , hemoglobin ( hb ) values that are too high or too low can worsen the prognosis.48 the european renal best practice position statement recommends a ... | introductionseveral anemia guidelines for hemodialysis patients have recommended a target hemoglobin ( hb ) range of 1012 g / dl .
however , maintaining hb values continuously within a narrow target has been difficult , and there has been no generally accepted anemia management algorithm for hemodialysis patients.met... |
the two main concerns for patients prior to total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) are pain and length of recovery.13 obtaining satisfactory results with standard parapatellar approach may require a long recovery period . the ultimate functional result may be good but still fall short of the patient 's expectations for early ... | background : subvastus approach in total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) spares the quadriceps and may assist in faster rehabilitation .
the present randomised controlled study was conducted to determine if the subvastus approach results in early recovery , faster mobilization , shorter hospital stay , and improved functio... |
in terms of new cases , lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide [ 1 , 2 ] , and the most frequent type is non - small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) .
patients with early stage nsclc have long - term survival with surgical resection ; however , the majority of patients present with advanced stage nsclc ( ... | we performed this retrospective study to assess the association of epidermal growth factor receptor ( egfr ) with metastatic presentations in advanced non - small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) . the data from 125 patients with stage iii or iv nsclc were analyzed .
we detected egfr mutations in 36 nsclc patients .
egfr... |
he had been wearing soft contact lenses for six months , for approximately 10 hours per day .
he had no medical history of ocular injury , surgery , or treatment with either ophthalmic or systemic medications .
visual acuity was 20 / 25 in the right eye and 20 / 20 in the left eye . slit lamp examination revealed h... | to report keratitis with elizabethkingia meningoseptica , which occurred in a healthy patient after wearing contact lenses for 6 months .
a 24-year - old male patient visited our hospital with ocular pain .
this patient had a history of wearing soft contact lenses for 6 months , about 10 hours per day . at initial ... |
high - dose - rate brachytherapy ( hdr - bt ) , defined by morton et al . as
a method of conformal dose escalation to the prostate , involves the placement of sealed sources of radiation in contact with a tumor using after - loading devices .
notably , dose escalation strategies , which allow the delivery of high r... | purposegroupe europen de curiethrapie ( gec ) and european society for radiotherapy & oncology ( estro ) has proposed a rectal dose constraint of the most exposed 2-cc volume ( d2cc of 75 gy eqd2/ = 3 ) during external - beam plus high - dose - rate brachytherapy ( hdr - bt ) in localized prostate cancer patients .
... |
foodborne disease outbreaks ( fbdo ) are recognized by the illness of individuals usually within a short but variable period of time after a common meal.1 a national policy for reporting , notifying , and recording incidents of bacterial food poisoning in saudi arabia was established in 1984.23 since then , food poison... | objective : an investigation of the outbreak was initiated as a result of the number of cases of gastroenteritis reporting to a general hospital in mina during the pilgrimage to makkah ( hajj ) .
this study was conducted to identify the source of the outbreak , assess its extent , and make recommendations to prevent ... |
brown adipose tissue ( bat ) functions as a thermogenic organ by producing heat to maintain body temperature in many mammals , especially in the young .
this tissue has elevated cellular density , rich vascularization , innervations , and multilocular intracellular lipid droplets .
fluorodeoxyglucose ( fdg ) uptake... | fluorodeoxyglucose ( fdg ) positron emission tomography ( pet ) has become the common imaging modality in oncological practice .
fdg uptake is seen in brown adipose tissue in a significant number of patients . recognizing the uptake patterns is important for optimal fdg pet interpretation .
the introduction of pet ... |
the purpose of this paper is to state the world federation of occupational therapists ( wfot ) position on the use of telehealth for the delivery of occupational therapy services .
telehealth is the use of information and communication technologies ( ict ) to deliver health - related services when the provider and cl... | the purpose of this document is to state the world federation of occupational therapists ( wfot ) position on the use of telehealth for the delivery of occupational therapy services .
telehealth is the use of information and communication technologies ( ict ) to deliver health - related services when the provider and... |
the atherosclerosis risk in communities ( aric ) study is a community - based cohort study of 15,792 adults from four u.s .
hba1c was measured in samples collected at aric visit 2 ( 19901992 ) and , therefore , this visit served as the baseline examination for the current study .
details regarding the study populat... | objectivediabetes and hypertension often co - occur and share risk factors .
hypertension is known to predict diabetes .
however , hyperglycemia also may be independently associated with future development of hypertension .
we investigated glycated hemoglobin ( hba1c ) as a predictor of incident hypertension.rese... |
pulmonary sequestration is a rare anomaly of the lung , which in fact is a non - functioning lung tissue that lacks any communication with tracheobronchial tree and receives all or most of its blood supply from the aberrant systemic vessels .
it classifies into two major groups : intralobar ( ils ) versus extralobar ... | pulmonary sequestration ( ps ) , a non - functioning lung tissue , which lacks the normal communication with the tracheobronchial tree and receives the blood supply from the systemic circulation , is a rare congenital malformation that comprises 0.5 - 6% of all congenital pulmonary malformations .
the presentation of... |
in their work with patients , 79.9% of physical therapists are exposed to work - related
musculoskeletal disorders ( wmsds ) .
most pains occur in the shoulder , neck , spine , and the
extremities .
in particular , back pain is experienced by at least 82% of physical
therapists1 . besides work overload
, wm... | [ purpose ] the objective of this study was to propose a work environment that could
reduce musculoskeletal workload .
accordingly , spinal muscle fatigue caused by ultrasound
therapy at various treatment table heights was examined and compared . [ subjects and
methods ] twenty - five healthy subjects participa... |
we compared mutagenic spectra induced by polychromatic near - ultraviolet radiation ( near - uv ; 300 - 400 nm ) with superoxide anion ( o2- ) -dependent mutagenesis using a set of escherichia coli tester strains .
near - uv radiation produced increased frequencies of g : c to a : t transitions , g : c to t : a and a... | |
punicaceae plant , punica granatum linn ( pomegranate in english ) , is widely distributed in the middel eastern countries , including iran , extending throughout the mediterranean region ( 1 ) .
some of its biological activities such as antitumour ( 2 ) , antibacterial ( 3 ) , antidiarrhoeal ( 4 ) , antifungal ( 5 )... | background
punica granatum linn .
( pg ) is native to the mediterranean region .
its flower exhibited antioxidant activity .
the present study attempt to investigate the effect of these extract on uterine contraction and its possible mechanism(s).methodsthirty five female wistar rats ( 200300 g ) at estrous pha... |
traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage ( tsah ) is a common finding following acute brain injury5 ) .
often , cerebral angiography is not performed when tsah is diagnosed on brain computed tomography ( ct ) because of the low frequency of an identifiable source of arterial bleeding and relatively good outcomes in cases of... | we present a case of angiographically confirmed transection of the cisternal segment of the anterior choroidal artery ( acha ) associated with a severe head trauma in a 15-year old boy .
the initial brain computed tomography scan revealed a diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage ( sah ) and pneumocephalus with multiple skul... |
erythropoiesis , the formation of red blood cells from multipotent stem cells in the bone marrow , is an exquisitely regulated process in which the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin ( epo ) , which is primarily produced in either adult kidney or fetal liver , plays a role as the major humoral regulator of red cell ... | rhuepo plays a central role as chemicals for the treatment of many diseases . due to its short half - life ,
the main aim for this pharmacokinetic study is to investigate a newly developed peg - rhuepo with large molecular weight in sd rats . after a single intramuscular administration of different doses of 125i - pe... |
this single - center study included a retrospective review of the files on all subjects diagnosed with aed at the national eye clinic for the visually impaired in denmark from 19802014 .
the study followed the tenets of the declaration of helsinki and informed written consent was obtained from all subjects or from th... | purposeto assess clinical characteristics , foveal structure , mutation spectrum , and prevalence rate of land eye disease ( aed)/incomplete congenital stationary night blindness ( icsnb).methodsa retrospective survey included individuals diagnosed with aed at a national low - vision center from 1980 to 2014 .
a subs... |
pleomorphic adenoma ( benign mixed tumor ) represents 45% to 74% of all salivary gland tumors and 65% of them occur in the parotid gland .
histologically , pleomorphic adenomas are characterized by the presence of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements , with marked morphological diversity .
it is generally accep... | backgroundpleomorphic adenoma ( benign mixed tumor ) is one of the most common salivary gland tumors .
however , the processes involved in its carcinogenesis are not well defined .
this study aimed to define the contribution of nfr2 ( nuclear factor ( erythroid - derived 2)-like 2 ) to pleomorphic adenoma pathology... |
relapsing polychondritis ( rp ) is an uncommon autoimmune inflammatory disease that may affect cartilage throughout the body .
we report on a case of fever of unknown origin in which 18f - fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography ( 18f - fdg pet / ct ) was performed to make a diagnosis of... | abstractbackground : relapsing polychondritis ( rp ) is an uncommon autoimmune inflammatory disease that may affect cartilage throughout the body.case report : we report on a case of fever of unknown origin in which 18f - fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography ( 18f - fdg pet / ct ) was p... |
fetal intestinal volvulus is a very rare life - threatening condition , although prenatal diagnosis is difficult.1,2 we report herein a case of fetal intestinal volvulus without malrotation in which non - reassuring fetal status resulted from fetal anemia caused by hemorrhage from the small bowel , requiring resection ... | fetal intestinal volvulus without malrotation is a rare , life - threatening disease .
left untreated , hemorrhage from necrotic bowel tissue will lead to severe fetal anemia and even intrauterine death .
we encountered a case of fetal intestinal volvulus causing severe anemia , which was diagnosed postnatally and ... |
a disruption to the fluid exchange in the pleura leads to pleural effusion ( pe ) .
the formation of interstitial pleural fluid increases due to inflammation caused by pleural carcinosis.1 it seems that the parietal pleura is more important in terms of fluid exchange than the visceral pleura , due to the parietal ple... | purposemalignant pleural effusion ( mpe ) is a disabling condition caused in most instances by far - advanced cancer .
the treatment is palliative and should ideally be minimally invasive .
the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of implantation of a permanent pleurx catheter in the tr... |
traumatic intracranial hemorrhage ( ich ) , a worldwide health problem , is a major cause of mortality in young adults , and it is associated with high rates of lifelong disabilities among survivors .
in addition to disabilities , survivors of traumatic ich often experience neurocognitive deficits and psychological p... | abstracttraumatic intracranial hemorrhage ( ich ) is prevalent worldwide with long - term consequences , including disabilities .
however , studies on the association of traumatic ich with coronary artery disease ( cad ) are scant
. therefore , this study explored the aforementioned association in a large - scale ,... |
broad and responsible sharing of genomic data is fundamental to the mission of the national institutes of health ( nih ) genomic data sharing ( gds ) policy ( https://gds.nih.gov/03policy2.html ) .
the database of genotypes and phenotypes ( dbgap ) ( 1,2 ) was developed to archive and distribute the results of genoty... | the database of genotypes and phenotypes ( dbgap ) data browser ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap/ddb/ ) was developed in response to requests from the scientific community for a resource that enable view - only access to summary - level information and individual - level genotype and sequence data associated with phe... |
basal cell carcinoma ( bcc ) is the most common skin cancer and accounts for 8095% of all eyelid tumors .
prolonged exposure to sunlight seems to be an important predisposing factor , explaining why the tumor occurs more frequently on the lower eyelid .
bcc originates as a neoplastic transformation of the basal cel... | background . basal cell carcinoma ( bcc ) is the most common malignancy of the eyelids .
medial canthal bccs tends to recur more often .
purpose . to evaluate the clinical and histological features of primary and recurrent periocular bcc , in order to identify any existing associations
. methods .
data from 87 ... |
clopidogrel is metabolized into an active metabolite by 2 consecutive steps involving cytochrome p450 ( cyp ) , and inhibits platelet aggregation through an irreversible blockade of adenosine diphosphate ( adp ) p2y12 receptors.1 ) therefore , various factors that interfere with cyp activity can reduce antiplatelet res... | background and objectivessmoking increases inhibition of clopidogrel - induced platelet reactivity in patients undergoing elective coronary stenting .
however , an association between pre - admission smoking ( ps ) and post - clopidogrel platelet reactivity in patients with acute myocardial infarction ( ami ) has not... |
in 1991 a consensus of international experts was reached that defined the syndrome of severe sepsis as the presence of infection , a systemic inflammatory response , and acute organ dysfunction .
an explosion in our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology led to a profusion of large multicenter trials of pros... | three new articles in critical care add to an expanding body of information on the epidemiology of severe sepsis .
although there have been a range of approaches to estimate the incidence of severe sepsis , most studies report severe sepsis in about 10 4% of icu patients with a population incidence of 1 0.5 cases p... |
more
than 100 years ago , the danes v. ellerman and o. bang and
the american p. rous passaged oncogenic variants of what is known
today as the avian sarcoma - leukosis virus ( aslv ) .
the
importance of retroviruses in biology and medicine has greatly increased
over the past 50 years with two major mileston... | the integration of a dna copy of
the viral rna genome into host
chromatin is the defining step of retroviral replication .
this enzymatic
process is catalyzed by the virus - encoded integrase protein , which
is conserved among retroviruses and ltr - retrotransposons .
retroviral
integration proceeds via t... |
pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease mainly caused by inhalation of microscopically respirable coal dust , crystalline silica particles , and other various dust particles .
clinically , pneumoconiosis is characterized by shortness of breath and chest x - ray patchy , subpleural or bibasilar interstitial infiltra... | background : transforming growth factor - beta 1 ( tgf-1 ) and gene variants have been extensively studied in various human diseases .
for example , tgf-1 polymorphisms were associated with fibrosis and pneumoconiosis , but the data remained controversial .
the aim of this meta - analysis was to assess the associat... |
vpa is a substrate for the mitochondrial beta - oxidation pathway due to its structural resemblance to simple fatty acid .
methylmalonic aciduria ( mma ) is a rare inborn error of metabolism caused due to the impaired isomerization of l - methylmalonyl - coa to succinyl - coa .
it usually presents in the infantile ... | a , 11-year - old male , with delayed milestones after the age of 6 months with recurrent myoclonus and generalized tonic - clonic seizures had clinical worsening after institution of valproate , was detected to have elevated serum lactate level and marked methyl malonic aciduria .
patient had remarkable improvement ... |
in young children , anterior teeth by virtue of their position in the dental arch are prone to trauma . in cases of complicated tooth fracture with the loss of pulp vitality , cessation of root development with an open apex is a serious sequel .
management of such immature , non - vital teeth is a challenge . until d... | loss of pulp vitality in an immature permanent tooth arrests root development .
this leads to tooth with open apex and weak lateral dentinal walls .
management of such necrotic teeth with immature roots poses several treatment challenges .
the documented study was performed to evaluate and compare apexogenesis in... |
, bone repair depends mainly on the continuous removal of necrotic bone tissue and producing new bone tissue .
scavengers in bone tissue , which appear in the later stage of embryo development .
they reconstruct and update primary cancellous bone and epiphyseal cartilage of the long bones . after birth
, it upda... | backgroundosteoclast formation is closely related to the immune system .
fty720 , a new immunosuppressive agent , has some functions in immune regulation .
its main active ingredients become fty-720p in vivo by phosphorylation modification . the objective of this study was to determine the effects of fty-720 with v... |
according to the world health organization ( who ) , 170 million people were affected by diabetes in the year 2002 , and this number is likely to increase to 366 million by the year 2030.1 diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is a complex , progressive disease , which is accompanied by multiple complications .
it has been recogn... | objectivethis study examined the effects of palm oil tocotrienol - rich fractions on streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats.methodsanimals were divided into three groups : ( i ) normal non - diabetic ( ndm ) , ( ii ) diabetic treated ( tocotrienol - rich fractions - trf ) and ( iii ) diabetic untreated ( non - trf ) . ... |
the study of ancestry or ethnicity in biological and clinical sciences continues to raise controversy . in may 2001
the new england journal of medicine ( nejm ) published a landmark study reporting that african - american heart failure patients with left ventricular dysfunction did not benefit from the popular angiot... | disparities in health outcomes of members of different ancestral or ethnic groups can be observed in both developed and developing countries and continue to be a global concern .
genomic medicine can help toward closing this gap by expanding the knowledge on novel alleles related to disease risk and drug response , t... |
over the past three decades thoracic oncologists have intensively debated the most appropriate treatment for patients with stage iiia ( typically as pn2 ) non small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) . a range of combined modality approaches have been tested and tried for cure .
surgery has been employed [ preceded by induc... | abstractrecent years have witnessed a number of clinical trials in stage iiia non small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) comparing ( a ) induction chemotherapy ( cht ) with induction cht and radiotherapy ( rt ) , each followed by surgery ; ( b ) either induction cht or induction rt - cht , each followed by surgery , with de... |
exercise - induced free radicals and reactive oxygen spices ( ros ) generation are well documented , which may result in oxidative stress defined as a situation in which an increased level of ros generation overwhelms the physiological capacity of the antioxidant 's system resulting in oxidative damage to lipids , prot... | background : creatine monohydrate ( crm ) has been shown to be beneficial to health due to its antioxidant potential .
strenuous exercise is associated with oxidative stress , which could lead to apoptosis .
we investigated the ability of crm in amelioration of apoptosis induced by incremental aerobic exercise ( ae... |
gesundes kinzigtal is one of the few population - based integrated care approaches in germany , organising care across all health service sectors and indications .
the management company and its contracting partners ( the physicians network in the region and two statutory health insurers ) strive to reach a higher qu... | purpose and contextgesundes kinzigtal is one of the few population - based integrated care approaches in germany , organising care across all health service sectors and indications .
the management company and its contracting partners ( the physicians network in the region and two statutory health insurers ) strive t... |
when readers read a text , they move their eyes from word to word through an alternating pattern of fixations ( points at which the eyes are stationary and focused on a word ) and saccades ( points at which the eye are moving between words )
. fixations following saccades that move the reader forward through a text a... | the present article describes how to use eye tracking methodologies to study the cognitive processes involved in text comprehension .
measuring eye movements during reading is one of the most precise methods for measuring moment - by - moment ( online ) processing demands during text comprehension .
cognitive proce... |
the clinical use of hiv protease inhibitors ( pis ) for the treatment of hiv infection has significantly improved survival of patients ; so , pis have become a key component in the highly active antiretroviral therapy ( haart )
. meanwhile , hiv infection and treatment with haart have been associated with a high inci... | summarybackgroundhiv infection and treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy ( haart ) including hiv protease inhibitor ritonavir ( rtv ) have been associated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease including pulmonary arterial hypertension .
the objective of this study was to determine if n... |
in high school , i had no affinity for science but loved reading history and philosophy .
as philosophy did not seem like a fit job for a nice jewish boy , i looked to what the other guys were doing , either premed or engineering .
i hatched the concept that i could do the sort of thinking that one does in philosop... | scientific styles vary tremendously . for me , research is largely about the unfettered pursuit of novel ideas and experiments that can test multiple ideas in a day , not a year , an approach that i learned from my mentor julius
julie
axelrod .
this focus on creative conceptualizations has been my mtier since wor... |
ischemic stroke , a brain attack induced by the reduction of blood flow , is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide . unfortunately , the mechanisms underlying stroke processing are less understood , and there are no effective treatments targeting it .
following stroke , a pathological neural pla... | active calcium / calmodulin - dependent protein kinase ii ( camkii ) has been reported to take a critical role in the induction of long - term potentiation ( ltp ) .
changes in camkii activity were detected in various ischemia models .
it is tempting to know whether and how camkii takes a role in nmda receptor ( nm... |
in 1997 , nozaki et al . ( 1 ) described subdiaphragmatic intrasellar meningiomas that originated from the sellar turcica ; two of which only originated from the floor of the sellar turcica .
since then , only one case of intrasellar meningioma from the sellar floor has been reported in the english literature ( 2 ) .... | most intrasellar meningiomas are located in the subdiaphragmatic and supraglandular region because they originate from the diaphragma sellae .
subglandular meningiomas located under the pituitary gland are extremely rare .
intrasellar meningiomas in the subdiaphragmatic and subglandular region probably originate fr... |
the structure and organization of the spleen differ in many aspects from other secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes , related to the complex function of the spleen as a filter of the blood as well as a lymphoid organ .
the spleen is composed of compartmentalized lymphoid tissue , the white pulp , which resem... | the composition and function of stromal cells in the white pulp of the spleen resemble to a large extent the situation in other secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes .
the stromal cells play an important role in the support and guidance of lymphocytes and myeloid cells in the t and b cell zones of the spleen ... |
the choanoflagellate salpingoeca rosetta is a microbial marine eukaryote
that can switch between unicellular and multicellular states . as one
of the closest living relatives of animals ,
this organism has become
a model for understanding how multicellularity evolved in the animal
lineage . previously our lab... | |
stem cells ( scs ) are indefinitely dividing cells that can give rise to more differentiated cell types .
they replenish tissues that need cell replacement like blood , bone , gametes , epithelia , nervous system , muscle , and numerous other tissues by fresh cells throughout life ( 1 ) .
terms that frequently have... | objectives : mesenchymal stem cells ( mscs ) are adult stem cells which identified by adherence to plastic , expression of cell surface markers including cd44 , cd90 , cd105 , cd106 , cd166 , and stro-1 , lack of the expression of hematopoietic markers , no immunogenic effect and replacement of damaged tissues .
thes... |
the genus
lactobacillus is currently the focus of much scientific and commercial interest
due to a myriad of health - promoting effects in the gastrointestinal tract ( gi ) [ 1 , 2 ] . in recent years
, various lactobacilli strains
have proven to lower total or low - density lipoprotein cholesterol ( ldl - c ) ... | this study investigated the use of microencapsulated bile salt hydrolase ( bsh ) overproducing lactobacillus plantarum 80 cells for oral delivery applications using a dynamic computer - controlled model simulating the human gastrointestinal ( gi ) tract .
bile salt deconjugation rates for microencapsulated bsh overpr... |
replacement with synthetic levothyroxine ( lt4 ) is the mainstay of therapy [ 1 , 2 ] .
combination therapy with levothyroxine and liothyronine ( triiodothyronine or t3 ) has been suggested as an alternative ; however the present evidence from clinical trials does not show any benefit for the combination therapy comp... | background .
levothyroxine is commonly used in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism .
levothyroxine is most often administered in the morning , on an empty stomach , in order to increase its oral absorption .
however , many patients have difficulties taking levothyroxine in the morning . aim .
the aim ... |
it depends on a number of factors : support from friends and relatives , ability to work and interest in one 's occupations , accommodation appropriate to expectations and , of course , health and disabilities whether congenital or recently acquired disorder . in the field of ill health physicians , by their training ,... | there is a need to assess the contribution of mood disorder , especially anxiety and depression , in order to understand the experience of suffering in the setting of medical practice.most physicians are aware of this aspect of the illness of their patients but many feel incompetent to provide the patient with reliable... |
calcification in the hallux tendons is characterized by deposition of calcium on the collagen fibrils of the tendons .
it was first described on the semitendinosus tendon1 and is mostly observed in the supraspinatus tendon of the shoulder and , less frequently , in the hip , elbow , wrist , and knee.1,2 it usually pr... | backgroundcalcification in the great toe tendon is a rare disorder that is characterized by the deposition of calcium on degenerative collagen fibrils.case presentationsin this report , we present two cases of calcific tendonitis : one in the adductor hallucis and the other in the flexor hallucis longus tendon .
we p... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s00239 - 010 - 9338-y ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
a neighbor - net of the considered -tubulins does not support horizontal gene transfer as an explanation for the presence of f224 .
shows that the tubulin is not genera... | we hypothesized that some amino acid substitutions in conserved proteins that are strongly fixed by critical functional roles would show lineage - specific distributions .
as an example of an archetypal conserved eukaryotic protein we considered the active site of -tubulin .
our analysis identified one amino acid s... |
under in vivo conditions , stem cells exist in a hypoxic environment , which is thought to be an important factor for the maintenance of its phenotype .
in addition , in vitro cell culture exposed to normoxia is subjected to oxidative stress , and causes cell senescence . therefore , to maintain stemness and avoid ox... | a hypoxic environment is thought to be important for the maintenance of stemness and suppressing cell senescence , in stem cells .
therefore , a hypoxic condition is induced during cell expansion and/or induction of intended differentiation .
however , the induction of these conditions requires a specially equipped... |
lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer - related death in michigan and in the united states ( u.s . ) , while breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among michigan women and the leading cause of death in the u.s .
studies on breast cancer suggest that breast cancer involves a complex interaction of... | objectives . to assess
previously determined geographic clusters of breast and lung cancer incidences among residents living near the tittabawassee and saginaw rivers , michigan , using a new set of environmental factors .
materials and methods .
breast and lung cancer data were acquired from the michigan departm... |
epidemiological studies indicate that over the past forty years , the stroke incidence rate has increased from 52 out of 100,000 per year ( 1970 - 1979 ) to 117 ( 2000 - 2008 ) in the south asian countries ( 1 ) .
the epidemiology of the stroke in the middle east is not clear yet . during a 12-month period between 20... | background : epidemiological studies indicate that over the past forty years , the stroke incidence rates has increased .
factors v and ii mutations are established genetic - variant risk factors for venous thrombosis ; however , their contribution to stroke is a controversial issue.objectives:this study aimed to inv... |
the efficiency of the separation process in reversed - phase hplc is highly dependent on the binary hydro - organic mobile phase composition and surface properties of the packing material .
the high progress in increasing the efficiency of separations of various analytes has been achieved due to introduction of a var... | for determination of selected carotenoids , various types of columns for high - performance liquid chromatography ( hplc ) with different properties have been used .
the characteristics of the laboratory - used packing material containing monomeric alkyl - bonded phases ( c18 , c30 ) and phenyl as well as phenyl - he... |
5-ala , 5-aminolevulinic acid icer , incremental cost - effectiveness ratio pfly , progression - free life - year qaly , quality - adjusted life - year
the target population of our study comprises adult patients with newly diagnosed high - grade glioma ( world health organization grade iii / iv ) eligible for surgica... | background : high - grade gliomas are aggressive , incurable tumors characterized by extensive diffuse invasion of the normal brain parenchyma .
novel therapies at best prolong survival ; their costs are formidable and benefit is marginal .
economic restrictions thus require knowledge of the cost - effectiveness of... |
acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ( agep ) is a rare and severe cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction pattern that resembles pustular psoriasis . in over 90% of cases ,
the causative agents are systemic drugs , particularly anti - infectious agents such as aminopenicillins and macrolides .
antifungal agents ... | acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis is a rare severe pustular cutaneous adverse reaction characterized by a rapid clinical course with typical histological findings .
it is accompanied by fever and acute eruption of non - follicular pustules overlying erythrodermic skin .
the causative agents are most freque... |
ascending bacterial infection is an important antecedent of preterm birth , which continues to be a major cause of neonatal mortality .
bacterial vaginosis ( bv ) is a common vaginal condition that reflects a shift from the normal lactobacillus predominant vaginal flora to a vaginal flora characterized by high concen... | we compared vaginal proinflammatory cytokine and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor ( slpi ) concentrations among pregnant and nonpregnant women according to bacterial vaginosis ( bv ) status .
one - hundred and twenty - two women at 1220 weeks ' gestation and 133 nonpregnant controls had vaginal concentrations o... |
one of the beauties of neurobiological research in drosophila is the combination of early development and stem cell biology with functional neurobiology and physiology on a nearly single cell resolution .
previous work on embryonic neural stem cells , so called neuroblasts ( nb ) , and their lineages revealed a preci... | in the article predetermined embryonic glial cells form the distinct glial sheaths of the drosophila peripheral nervous system we combined our expertise to identify glial cells of the embryonic peripheral nervous system on a single cell resolution with the possibility to genetically label cells using flybow .
we sh... |
a 25 year - old male was transferred to the emergency department of our hospital following a car accident ( 1 surgical department , general regional hospital
the patient , who was intubated , suffered from major trauma including an open fracture of the left tibia , an open fracture of the right radius and ulna , a ri... | intra - abdominal heterotopic ossification is extremely rare with only approximately 30 cases having been reported .
while most reported cases have involved the mesentery , ossification of the peritoneum is even rarer .
the pathogenesis remains undetermined but is generally considered a reactive process in response... |
a cohort of 4,069 patients with iga nephropathy ( igan ) from swedish biopsy registers was collected for this study .
the positive predictive value ( ppv ) of a biopsy consistent with igan was 95% .
igan , which was first described by berger and hinglais in 1968,1 is now recognized as the most frequent type of prim... | aimsthe aims of this study were to validate the diagnosis of iga nephropathy ( igan ) in swedish biopsy registers against patient charts and to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with a biopsy indicating igan.methodsthis is a population - based cohort study . out of 4,069 individuals with a renal biopsy ... |
birds were studied at two sites in the dominican republic , on the island of hispaniola ( figure ) : parque nacional sierra de baoruco ( november 716 , 2002 ; 18 12 ' n , 71 32 ' w ) and parque nacional los haitises ( november 1823 , 2002 ; 19 00 ' n , 69 30 ' w ) .
tissues ( eye , spleen , and kidney ) were removed ... | we report west nile virus ( wnv ) activity in the dominican republic for the first time .
specific anti - wnv antibodies were detected in 5 ( 15% ) of 33 resident birds sampled at one location in november 2002 .
one seropositive bird was < 4 months old , indicating a recent infection . |
the ectoparasitic mite , varroa destructor , is the primary pest of the honeybee apis mellifera . it is found in large parts of the world and is spreading to others , although is still absent from some areas such as australia ( rosenkranz et al . , 2010 ) .
it is a problem because it has significant effects on bees ... | gaba - activated rdl receptors are the insect equivalent of mammalian gabaa receptors , and play a vital role in neurotransmission and insecticide action . here
we clone the pore lining m2 region of the varroa mite rdl receptor and show that it has 4 atypical residues when compared to m2 regions of most other insects... |
injectable fillers have become one of the mainstay treatments for nonsurgical treatment of wrinkles and facial contouring .
a plethora of fillers are currently available and even more so internationally . because of unique characteristics of each kind of filler , there are different indications as well as advantages ... | a plethora of soft tissue fillers have been developed within the past decade to correct the cutaneous changes that occur with photoaging .
such fillers , whether nonpermanent , semipermanent , or permanent , are widely used to fill undesired facial rhytides .
in addition , fillers are employed to correct atrophy of... |
tyrosine serves as a one - electron redox cofactor in biocatalytic
and multistep electron - transfer ( et ) processes .
a combination of three fundamental properties makes redox reactions
involving tyrosine radicals interesting from biochemical and biotechnical
perspectives .
nature uses a range of organic mo... | tyrosine oxidation reduction involves proton - coupled electron
transfer ( pcet ) and a reactive radical state .
these properties are
effectively controlled in enzymes that use tyrosine as a high - potential ,
one - electron redox cofactor .
the 3y model protein
contains y32 , which can be reversibly oxidi... |
occult diaphragmatic perforations due to stab wounds rarely cause initial symptoms and are usually missed by most currently used clinical and radiologic methods . abdominal organ herniation due to diaphragmatic injury
was first described by sennertus in 1541.(1 ) the first successful repair was performed by riolfi in... | diaphragmatic injuries due to thoraco - abdominal penetrating trauma may often go unnoticed at the initial admission , especially in patients who are asymptomatic , with stable hemodynamic and respiratory parameters .
such occult diaphragmatic perforations can result in latent morbidity and mortality due to delayed t... |
selective carbon carbon bond formation to aromatic and heteroaromatic systems is an important synthetic objective because the resulting structural motifs are found in many pharmaceuticals , agrochemicals and functional materials .
such transformations are currently achieved by using late - transition - metal - media... | a sulfoxide - directed , metal - free ortho - propargylation of aromatics and heteroaromatics exploits intermolecular delivery of a propargyl nucleophile to sulfur followed by an intramolecular relay to carbon .
the operationally simple cross - coupling procedure is general , regiospecific with regard to the propargy... |
influences of environmental stressors on animals are key areas of research in ecology and conservation .
a fundamental premise of this research is that a stimulus in the environment places a stress on animals , which causes a behavioural or physiological change from baseline conditions ( e.g. vleck et al . , 2000 ;
... | we examined white blood cell profiles of marine birds breeding in the arctic , as an index of stress . within species ,
birds that had to migrate farther had higher heterophil : lymphocyte ratios during incubation ( i.e. , residual stress ) than those that migrated short distances .
these reference values will be i... |
robust technology has the potential to revolutionize scientific inquiry in ways often unimaginable at the time of the method s infancy . in the fields of protein chemistry and enzymology , an example of such
a technology is site - directed mutagenesis , which allows researchers to site - specifically replace any natu... | considerable effort has been dedicated to the development of technology for the site - specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins , with nonsense codon suppression and expressed protein ligation emerging as two of the most promising methods .
recent research advances in which these methods have bee... |
gene pairing in mammalian nuclei has been implicated in processes ranging from transient kissing of alleles during x inactivation or imprinted gene regulation to the colocalization of unlinked genes that are tightly coregulated during differentiation ( for review see de laat and grosveld , 2007 ; brown et al . ,
ev... | many recent studies have raised interest in the nuclear associations of coregulated genes from different chromosomes , often evoking interpretations of gene gene interactions , communication , and even romance .
however , in some cases , the associations may be indirect and infrequent and may reflect the segregatio... |
memory is an indispensable cognitive trait allowing humans to encode , store and retrieve information .
one form of long - term memory , declarative memory , is defined by the ability to consciously learn and recall facts and events and is further subdivided into semantic memory ( the recollection of words , meanings... | there has been a great deal
of interest recently in genetic effects on neurocognitive performance in the
healthy population .
kibra a postsynaptic protein from the wwc family of
proteins was identified in 2003 in the human brain and kidney and has recently
been associated with memory performance and synaptic ... |
trauma and tissue damage trigger an inflammatory response , which is required for postinjury regeneration and tissue repair . in the case of severe trauma , an overwhelming , systemic inflammatory response can result in additional multi - organ damage to the host cells and the development of multi - organ failure ( mof... | sterile injury can cause a systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( sirs ) that resembles the host response during sepsis .
the inflammatory response following trauma comprises various systems of the human body which are cross - linked with each other within a highly complex network of inflammation .
endogenous da... |
according to demographic data from the register in 2002 the population of the republic of macedonia is 2,022,547 with 64.2%
ethnical macedonian , 25.2% ethnical albanians , 3.9% ethnical turks , 2.7% ethnical romanies and a small percentage of other ethnic groups .
people from different ethnic communities rarely ha... | a total of 444 individuals representing three ethnic groups ( albanians , turks and romanies ) in the republic of macedonia were sequenced in the mitochondrial control region .
the mtdna haplogroup composition differed between the three groups .
our results showed relatively high frequencies of haplogroup h12 in al... |
the host appears to mount a biphasic cytokine release response : first mounting a proinflammatory and then an anti - inflammatory response which quells the positive feedback loop of the cytokine storm .
refers to the diminished ability of the body to mount an appropriate cytokine storm and immune response and can lea... | background . rapamycin suppresses the raw264.7 macrophage mediated inflammatory response but in lower doses induces it . in the present study ,
we tested the suppression of the inflammatory response in the presence of mtor 1 and 2 inhibitors , torin and ku63794 .
methods .
raw264.7 cells were stimulated for 18 h... |
with an ageing population , the prevalence of alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) and the consequent burden to society are rapidly rising .
the currently approved medication for ad only offers symptomatic treatment of limited duration without affecting the progression of the disease .
a hallmark pathology of ad is the pres... | -secretase modulation has been proposed as a potential disease modifying anti - alzheimer 's approach .
-secretase modulators ( gsms ) cause a product shift from the longer amyloid - beta ( a ) peptide isoforms to shorter , more soluble , and less amyloidogenic isoforms , without inhibiting app or notch proteolytic p... |
most samples submitted for rabies testing in sri lanka originate from the area around the capital , colombo .
our study included 44 samples : 36 from cases chosen randomly from the approximately 180 animals diagnosed with rabies at the medical research institute , colombo , from january to may 2001 ; 2 from elephants... | rabies virus exists in dogs on sri lanka as a single , minimally divergent lineage only distantly related to other rabies virus lineages in asia .
stable , geographically isolated virus populations are susceptible to local extinction .
a fully implemented rabies - control campaign could make sri lanka the first asi... |
considerable public attention has been focused on smoking cessation before conception and during pregnancy . although a significant number of smoking women quit smoking during pregnancy , up to 85% resume smoking following delivery of their babies , often within 2 to 8 weeks postpartum .
reasons given for smoking rel... | objective : approximately 40% of women who smoke tobacco quit smoking during pregnancy , yet up to 85% relapse after delivery .
those who resume smoking often do so by 2 to 8 weeks postpartum .
smoking mothers are more than twice as likely to quit breastfeeding by 10 weeks postpartum .
the hospitalization of a ne... |
aptamers are short nucleic acids ( typically 1280 nucleotides long ) capable of specific and tight binding to their target molecules .
the term aptamer is derived from the latin word aptus ( fitting ) and the greek word meros ( part ) .
aptamers are selected by a process called selex ( systematic evolution of ligan... | aptamers are short nucleic
acids that bind to defined targets with high affinity
and specificity .
the first aptamers have been selected
about two decades ago by an in vitro process named
selex ( systematic evolution of ligands by exponential
enric... |
sleep is a sophisticated process involving a complex interaction of various neurotransmitter systems and an oscillation of homeostatic and circadian systems to initiate and maintain the activity .
insufficient sleep increases a risk for developing various chronic disease and conditions including obesity , diabetes , ... | abstractsleep - related movement disorders ( srmd ) are sleep disorders . as poor sleep quality is associated with cognitive impairment , we hypothesized that srmd patients were exposed to a great risk for developing dementia.the present study was aimed to retrospectively examine the association of srmd and dementia ri... |
distraction osteogenesis of maxilla is a widely accepted , predictable , and stable technique for the correction of severe maxillary hypoplasia in subjects with cleft lip and palate.[315 ] maxillary distraction allows global improvement of facial esthetics , allows advancement of maxilla even during the period of mixed... | aim : to evaluate the treatment outcome and long - term stability of skeletal changes following maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis in adult subjects of cleft lip and palate.materials and methods : total 12 north indian adult patients in the age range of 17 - 34 years with cleft lip and palate underwent... |
clinical management of infertility among organ transplant recipients is a challenge to the treating physician with hitherto limited information in literature . in particular , artificial reproductive techniques ( art )
have been seldom attempted among these patients due to the possibility of life - threatening compli... | numerous spontaneous pregnancies have been reported in renal transplant recipients ; however , only a few pregnancies after the use of assisted reproductive techniques .
the authors report a case of renal transplant recipient with secondary infertility who delivered a healthy baby without any complications .
the re... |
lower respiratory tract infection ( lrti ) includes all infections of the lungs and the large airways below the larynx . on average ,
children below 5 years of age suffer about 5 to 6 episodes of lrti per year , and still a burden until 12 years of age and more .
pneumonia is the biggest single cause of childhood d... | background : pneumonia is the biggest single cause of childhood death under the age of 5 years , and anemia affects approximately 30% of infants and children all over the world.aim:determination of the relationship between anemia and lower respiratory tract infection as a risk factor in lebanese children.patients and m... |
nocturnal enuresis refers to an inability to control urination and involuntary urination during sleep , which is common among young children .
based on the dsm - iv ( diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders iv ) criteria , enuresis refers to the urination of children over 5 years old in clothes or in be... | background . nocturnal enuresis refers to an inability to control urination during sleep . this study aimed to determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and its associated factors in children in the city of khorramabad .
materials and methods . in this descriptive - analytic ,
cross - sectional study , 710 mal... |
this parasite can infect nucleated cells of birds and mammals , including humans . in humans
sulphadiazine is a dihydropteroate synthase ( dhps ) inhibitor , while pyrimethamine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase ( dhfr ) .
long - term treatment with these drugs can result in megaloblastic anemia or myelosuppression ... | past studies have stated that the parasitostatic effect of ifn- is most likely due to the starvation of toxoplasma gondii for tryptophan in the host cell .
the aim of this study was to evaluate the direct effect of two new naphthalene - sulfonyl - indole compounds as competitive molecules for tryptophan on viability ... |
children are gifts of god but at the same time not all children are equally gifted .
a 3-year - old child visited the department of pedodontics and preventive dentistry along with his parents with the chief complaint of not being able to chew food and open mouth completely .
further inquiry revealed the notice of t... | bifid mandibular condyle with ankylosis is an extremely rare condition and may arise as a developmental or traumatic defect .
it may be associated with ankylosis .
we here report a case of unilateral bifid mandibular condyle with ankylosis in a 3-year - old child .
this is the youngest patient reported with the c... |
gastric cancer ( gc ) is one of the most common cancers world - wide . in males and females
it is the third and fifth , respectively , most common cause of cancer - related deaths
it is detected in many cancers , such as lung , breast , and brain cancers as well as gc .
sica et al . found that b7-h4 ligation of t... | backgroundrecently , some studies were performed to evaluate the relevance of b7-h4 and gastric cancer ( gc ) prognosis . however , the results remained controversial .
therefore , we performed the present meta-analysis.material/methodswe performed a systematic search in pubmed and web of science databases .
all da... |
most parotid fistulas are acquired and arise secondary to trauma , surgery , malignant tumors and inflammation .
although accessory parotid gland is a common variation , parotid fistula arising from an ectopic accessory parotid gland is extremely rare .
only five cases have been reported world - wide , so far exclu... | accessory parotid glands are a common clinical occurrence and usually drain into the main stenson 's duct by small ductules and thereby , into the buccal cavity .
presence of an accessory parotid gland with an ectopic fistulous duct is a rare occurrence .
clinical findings , imaging studies , biochemical tests , hi... |
in their recent study , daubin and colleagues highlight the management of drug - induced cardiotoxicity .
cardiovascular failure as a result of drug poisoning is an acute condition that is associated with significant healthcare consequences .
although cardiovascular drugs account for 3.5% of all drug poisoning ca... | drug - induced cardiovascular failure is an acute condition that is associated with significant healthcare consequences .
antidotes and supportive treatments are the initial measures to manage cardiotoxicity , but if severe drug - induced cardiotoxicity develops , usually as cardiovascular shock or cardiac arrest , t... |
pleomorphic adenoma ( pa ) can be defined as a benign mixed tumor composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells arranged with various morphological patterns , demarcated from surrounding tissues by fibrous capsule .
pa ( mixed benign tumor ) is one of the salivary gland tumors affecting both major and minor salivary... | pleomorphic adenoma ( pa ) is the most common salivary gland tumor , accounting for about 4070% of all major and minor salivary gland tumors .
the commonest sites for intraoral pa are palate , buccal mucosa and lips .
palatal pa presents clinically as a painless , slow - growing mass found on posterior lateral aspe... |
radiographic examination is one of the principal diagnostic methods used in all fields of medical and dental services .
the risk associated with low - level diagnostic exposures could be expected to be low but greater than zero .
panoramic radiography is widely used to complement clinical examination and is conside... | background : ionizing radiation is a potent mutagenic agent capable of inducing both mutation and chromosomal aberrations .
non - lethal doses of ionizing radiation may induce genomic instability favoring carcinogenesis . in spite of their mutagenic potential ,
this kind of radiation is an important tool for diagno... |
although italy is the land where the lemon trees bloom , as goethe recited , the italian climate changes dramatically from the cold alpine regions in the north , to the subtropical areas in the south .
italy stretches for about 1,000 kilometres from 47 to 35 latitude north , and the ultra violet ( uv ) irradiation ... | objective . evaluate the ecological relationship between skin melanoma epidemiology and latitude in italy . methods .
we used data from the italian network of cancer registries ( airtum ) . in a poisson model
, we evaluated the effect on incidence , mortality , and survival of latitude , adjusting for some demograp... |
dr . nussbaum is an employee of and owns stock and stock options in invitae , a commercial genetic diagnostic laboratory . in the past two years , he has served as a consultant for personalis , inc . and complete genomics , inc . , two dna sequencing companies . | in this commentary , i describe the events that led from an ninds - sponsored workshop on parkinson disease research in 1995 , where i was asked to speak about the genetics of parkinson disease , to the identification a mere two years later of a mutation in alpha - synuclein as the cause of autosomal dominant parkinson... |
decision making in operative treatment of fractures of the proximal tibia associated with impending compartment syndrome has been difficult .
the criteria for impending compartment syndrome are : mild to moderate increase in circumference of the leg , firm swelling on palpation , appearance of multiple fluid filled b... | background : proximal tibia fractures with compartment syndrome present a challenge for orthopedic surgeons . more often than not these patients are subjected to multiple surgeries and are complicated by infection osteomyelitis and poor rehabilitation .
there is no consensus in the management of these fractures .
m... |
phospholipid fatty acids ( plfas ) are part of microbial cellular membranes from the domains bacteria and eukarya .
microorganisms produce plfas of different chain lengths and composition as a means to maintain cell - membrane integrity and cellular function in response to their immediate environmental conditions ; h... | phospholipid fatty acids ( plfas ) are key components of microbial cell membranes .
the analysis of plfas extracted from soils can provide information about the overall structure of terrestrial microbial communities .
plfa profiling has been extensively used in a range of ecosystems as a biological index of overall... |
fabry disease is an x - linked deficiency of -galactosidase ( gla ) resulting in widespread lysosomal storage of -galactose lipid conjugates represented mainly by , in decreasing order , globotriaosylceramide , digalactosyl ceramide ( desnick et al . 2001 ) , and blood group b glycolipid ( ledvinova et al . 1997 ) . th... | ultrastructural and histochemical studies of bioptic and postmortem tissue samples from ten fabry hemizygotes showed lysosomal storage in adipocytes as a constant feature of the classic phenotype of -galactosidase ( gla ) deficiency .
the storage was represented by a crescent - shaped line of storage lysosomes of var... |
clinical wnv patients , confirmed by immunoglobulin m elisa and identified through local surveillance in the houston metropolitan area from 2002 through 2004 , were invited to participate in a study to determine long - term clinical sequelae .
no patient was denied participation on the basis of age , sex , race , or ... | previous reports have noted depression after west nile virus ( wnv ) infection .
we further measured this outcome and found that 31% of patients reported new - onset depression and 75% of these had center for epidemiologic studies depression scores indicative of mild - to - severe depression .
physicians should be ... |
total hip arthroplasty ( tha ) procedures have grown in demand in the past decades .
data from the national inpatient sample show a 48% increase in total hip replacement cases from 1997 to 2004 .
annually , more than 300 000 tha procedures are performed in the united states , with a projected 137% increase by the y... | introduction : with this growing demand , the length of stay for total hip arthroplasty ( tha ) procedures has decreased , and as a trade - off , we have seen a higher utilization of extended care facilities ( ecfs ) .
both trends have significant economic implications on the health care system , and predicting the d... |
methods for computational discovery and analysis of regulatory sequences are becoming increasingly important for the interpretation of genome and transcriptome data .
reliable prediction of cis - regulatory elements is critically dependent upon access to high - quality models for the binding specificity of transcript... | jaspar is the most complete open - access collection of transcription factor binding site ( tfbs ) matrices . in this new release
, jaspar grows into a meta - database of collections of tfbs models derived by diverse approaches .
we present jaspar core an expanded version of the original , non - redundant collecti... |
the double j stent provides a convenient means of drainage for the upper urinary tract .
the indications of double j catheter placement include the relief of ureteral obstruction secondary to diverse etiologies , accommodating adequate postoperative drainage , and preventing ureteral injuries during surgical procedur... | a female patient from a remote village and poor socioeconomic background presented to our clinic with abdominal pain at the right flank .
she had a history of endoscopic double j stent placement four years prior .
however , the details were not available , as neither the patient nor her relatives were aware of the ... |
pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer - related mortality . in united states of america alone ,
12 new cases of pancreatic cancer are diagnosed in every 100,000 individual and 11 in 100,000 persons die from this cancer , each year .
it is a rapidly developing cancer which causes abdominal pain... | abstractbackground : brachytherapy with iodine125-labeled seeds ( 125i - seeds ) implantation is increasingly being used to treat tumors because of its positional precision , minimal invasion , least damage to noncancerous tissue due to slow and continuous release of radioactivity and facilitation with modern medical i... |
comminuted fracture is defined as the presence of multiple fracture lines resulting in many small pieces within the same area of the mandible ( e.g. , angle , body , ramus , or symphysis)1 . in extensive communited fractures ,
multiple sites ( exceeding one region and involving the neighbouring region ) of the mandib... | this following case report describes the open reduction , internal fixation and the reconstruction of an extensive comminuted mandibular fracture with bilateral condylar fractures in a 19-year - old male patient with an intellectual disability and autistic disorder .
he suffered fall trauma , resulting in shattered b... |
magnusiomyces capitatus is a rare cause of fungal infection in immunocompromised patients , occurring almost exclusively in the mediterranean region , with only a few case reports from outside this region .
we present the post mortem pictures showing the lesions in affected organ , in which m. capitatus was confirmed... | magnusiomyces capitatus ( previously known as geotrichum capitatum or blastoschizomyces capitatus or trichosporon capitatum ) is a rare cause of fungal infection in immunocompromised patients .
most of these cases ( 87% ) have been reported from the mediterranean region , as it is extremely rare to recognize it in ot... |
median rhomboid glossitis ( mrg ) is defined as the central papillary atrophy of the tongue and it affects 0.01%1.0% of the population.1 mrg is typically located around the midline of the dorsum of the tongue .
it occurs as a well - demarcated , symmetric , depapillated area arising anterior to the circumvallate papi... | objectives : the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between median rhomboid glossitis ( mrg ) and candida and bacteria species , prevalence and possible association with age , gender , smoking , denture wearing , and diabetes mellitus.methods:tongue examinations were performed on 4244 consecutive... |
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