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brugada syndrome ( brs ) is characterized by the presence of characteristic electrocardiographic ( ecg ) changes ( coved st - segment elevation 2 mm with a right bundle - branch pattern ) in the right - sided precordial leads ( leads v1 through v3 ) , either at baseline , or after administration of a class i ( sodium ... | a 34-year - old man with brugada syndrome ( brs ) presented with electrical storm , manifested as multiple appropriate shocks from his implantable cardioverter - defibrillator over a period of 7 hours .
he had not tolerated prior treatment with quinidine , and had self - discontinued cilostazol citing persistent pal... |
wild type cd1 embryos were harvested , staged and stained by wholemount in situ hybridization using established methods , .
measurement of palates before dissection and after staining confirmed that no significant shrinkage occurred ( data not shown ) .
palatal explants were cultured ( 37c , 5% co2 ) using the t... | we present direct evidence of an activator - inhibitor system in the generation of the regularly spaced transverse ridges of the palate .
we show that new ridges , or rugae , marked by stripes of sonic hedgehog ( shh ) expression , appear at two growth zones where the space between previously laid - down rugae increa... |
k channels are modular proteins , composed of a central pore module ( pm ) surrounded by sensor domains that perceive external stimuli and convert them into changes of pore activity ( gating ) .
this feature and simple assessment of their performance by electrophysiological measurements make ion channels amenable for... | the modular architecture of voltage - gated k+ ( kv ) channels suggests that they resulted from the fusion of a voltage - sensing domain ( vsd ) to a pore module . here
, we show that the vsd of ciona intestinalis phosphatase ( ci - vsp ) fused to the viral channel kcv creates kvsynth1 , a functional voltage - gated ... |
acute neurogenic pulmonary edema ( npe ) is an underdiagnosed yet a common clinical entity .
presence of preoperative npe presents a dilemma to the neuroanesthetist due to the divergent goals of management of raised intracranial pressure and pulmonary edema and also the possible adverse interaction of the two conditi... | neurogenic pulmonary edema may be a less - recognized consequence of obstructive hydrocephalus .
the authors report a patient with acute obstructive hydrocephalus due to cerebellar metastatic lesion , who presented with neurogenic pulmonary edema .
the edema resolved on placement of the ventriculoperitonial shunt .... |
nowadays , the life expectancy of women has increased significantly in most countries , but in some countries , such as iran , healthy life expectancy has seen no meaningful increase . according to the report of world bank in 2007 , healthy life expectancy for iranian women is 59 years , but the healthy life expectancy... | background : a healthy lifestyle is one of the basic health - promotion strategies .
several factors are involved in shaping health - promotion behaviors .
the internal barriers are the opinion and feelings that surround the individual and are the reasons that complicate the change of behavior .
the aim of this s... |
despite ghana s progressive abortion law , one of the most liberal in sub - saharan africa , mortality caused by unsafe abortion remains a matter of concern .
the country s maternal mortality ratio ( mmr ) in 2010 was an estimated 350 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births ( world health organization et al .
2012 ... | in 2006 , in response to the high maternal mortality , driven largely by unsafe abortions , the government of ghana , in partnership with other organizations , launched the reducing maternal mortality and morbidity ( r3 m ) programme in seven districts in greater accra , ashanti and eastern , to improve comprehensive a... |
they help to achieve an accurate diagnosis , build trust with patients , and improve compliance to treatment , overall patient satisfaction , therapeutic outcome , and avoid litigation .
the initial and most important step in communication with patients is the establishment of rapport .
this may take time , but wil... | background : establishing rapport is an important step in physician
patient communication resulting in a positive effect on patient satisfaction and overall clinical outcomes .
however , there is a dearth of studies on the condition of doctor
patient relations in saudi arabia . this study was performed to estimat... |
smooth muscle contraction plays a fundamental role in regulating the functions of the hollow organs in the body such as the blood vessels , intestines , bladder , airways , and uterus .
dysfunctional contraction of the smooth muscles is a key pathological feature of many diseases including hypertension , bladder over... | at least two laboratories have independently reported the synthesis of benzofuroindole compounds having potential therapeutic implications in many disease states including those that involve smooth muscle hyperactivity . through a series of in vitro screenings
, they demonstrated the efficacy ( and selectivity ) of t... |
we report a 50-year - old female patient with a stage 2 idiopathic macular hole that closed spontaneously .
the stage 2 idiopathic macular hole closed spontaneously in 6 weeks with a lamellar defect in the outer retina due to the formation of the bridging retinal tissue , but without any evidence of the common mec... | objectivewe report a 50-year - old female patient with a stage 2 idiopathic macular hole that closed spontaneously.methodthe case is presented on the basis of an observational case report.resultsthe stage 2 idiopathic macular hole closed spontaneously in 6 weeks with a lamellar defect in the outer retina due to the for... |
a variety of techniques have been introduced for making orthotopic neobladder after simple and radical cystectomy for benign , invasive or recurrent bladder tumors , such as ileum , colon and sigmoid .
nonetheless , a controversy exists and there are scarce reports in the literature on the use of gastric pouch for th... | background : there is a controversy regarding the use of gastric pouch for benign and malignant bladder diseases.objectives:the aim of this retrospective study was to report our experience , mostly on gastric neobladder ( not gastrocystoplasty ) for benign and malignant bladder diseases , its complications , outcomes a... |
endometrial cancer is the commonest gynecological cancer in the developed world . over the years ,
most accepted structural , immunohistological , and molecular correlations have been linked with epidemiological and outcome data to arrive at a histological model of endometrial cancer.1,2 most endometrial cancers are ... | backgroundminimal uterine serous cancer ( musc ) or serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma ( eic ) has been described by many different names since 1998 .
there have been very few cases reported in literature since eic / musc was recognized as a separate entity . the world health organization ( who ) classifica... |
tiling arrays are also gaining popularity for detecting novel transcripts in sequenced genomes . in this
context , sequence annotation is an essential step in understanding the genome and the transcriptome of a species .
large - scale comparisons of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes reveal thousands of conserved r... | magnolia is a new software for multiple alignment of nucleic acid sequences , which are recognized to be hard to align .
the idea is that the multiple alignment process should be improved by taking into account the putative function of the sequences . in this perspective
, magnolia is especially designed for sequen... |
organic thin films have
attracted considerable interest in the
recent past , most notably due to new manufacturing steps and the possibility
to create ultrathin and lightweight devices with extreme bending stability , that are very promising in the field of organic electronics . through observing current and proj... | thin
films of quinacridone deposited by physical vapor deposition
on silicon dioxide were investigated by thermal desorption spectroscopy
( tds ) , mass spectrometry ( ms ) , atomic force microscopy ( afm ) , specular
and grazing incidence x - ray diffraction ( xrd , gixd ) , and raman spectroscopy .
using a ... |
the synapsin ( syn ) family consists of three neuronal phosphoproteins encoded in mammals by distinct genes ( i.e. , syni , ii , and iii ) .
although the biology of syni and ii has been extensively studied , the functions of syniii are still largely uncharacterized . in vitro studies
show that syniii is involved i... | summarysynapsin iii ( syniii ) is a phosphoprotein that is highly expressed at early stages of neuronal development . whereas in vitro evidence
suggests a role for syniii in neuronal differentiation , in vivo evidence is lacking . here , we demonstrate that in vivo downregulation of syniii expression affects neur... |
erdheim - chester disease ( ecd ) is a rare non - langerhans - cell histiocytosis of unknown etiology involving infiltration of bones and various organs by lipid - laden histiocytes with foamy or eosinophilic cytoplasm .
lipid - laden histiocytes produce xanthogranulomas , which can be found in long tubular bones , s... | erdheim - chester disease is a rare non - langerhans - cell histiocytosis with bone and organ involvement . a 76-year - old man presented with low back pain and a history of visits for exertional dyspnea .
we diagnosed him with anemia of chronic disease , cytopenia related to chronic illness , chronic renal failure d... |
kitaibelii ( winter savory ) were collected in the period may - june , 2005 , in the region of mountain zlatibor , serbia , as labelled .
the voucher specimen of the collected plant material was confirmed by biljana boin and deposited at the herbarium of the department of pharmacognosy , faculty of medicine , univers... | the antioxidant activity of different satureja montana l. subsp .
kitaibelii extracts was tested by measuring their ability to scavenge reactive hydroxyl radical during the fenton reaction , using esr spectroscopy . also , the influence of these extracts on lipid peroxyl radicals obtained during lipid peroxidation of... |
arteriovenous malformations ( avms ) present with hemorrhage , seizures , headache or focal neurological deficits .
cysts associated with avms are uncommon , and are usually a sequelae of stereotactic radiosurgery or after a hemorrhage .
untreated and unruptured avms with large cysts are uncommon , with only five c... | cysts associated with arteriovenous malformations ( avms ) are either secondary to hemorrhage or after radiosurgery .
untreated and unruptured avms with large cysts are rare .
we here describe a child with medial parietal avm associated with cyst , without any history of hemorrhage or radiosurgery . surgical excisi... |
the drinking water distribution network is a source of disquiet regarding the contamination of water during delivery and regrowth of microorganisms that survive after treatment .
it is often the scene of many physicochemical and biological reactions resulting from interactions between disinfectants , pipe walls , and... | the synergistic effects of the combined treatments of naocl and h2o2 on the elimination of a. hydrophila adhered to polythene under static and dynamic conditions were evaluated .
the concentrations 0.1 , 0.2 , and 0.3 naocl and 0.5 , 1 , and 1.5 h2o2 were used .
the contact periods were 180 , 360 , 540 , and 720 mi... |
great vessel injury is a rare but fatal complication that can occur during lumbar disc surgery .
great vessel injury can result in massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage or present as a delayed pseudoaneurysm or arteriovenous fistula ( avf)2,3,6,8,9,11 ) . despite a very low incidence ( 0.016 - 0.17% ) ,
the reported m... | great vessel injury is a rare but well - known complication of lumbar disc surgery , which may result in acute or fatal outcomes of delayed diagnosis .
thus , early detection and proper management is vital .
the authors report a case of retroperitoneal hemorrhage with arteriovenous fistula and pseudoaneurysm after ... |
estimation of prostate volume has been found to be important for choosing a surgical technique ( ranging from minimally invasive to open surgery ) as well as medical treatment .
it is also important for prediction of the duration of surgery and blood loss , especially for surgeons with little experience .
although ... | objectives : to determine the correlation between prostate volume estimated by digital rectal examination ( dre ) and that estimated by abdominal ultrasound in the same patients.patients and methods : men who presented to our urology outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited in this study .
w... |
the sensory strategy for postural control involves the visual , vestibular , and
somatosensory systems . in particular ,
the vestibular system provides information regarding
head position and movement with respect to gravity and inertial forces1 .
more specifically , the vestibulo - ocular and vestibulospinal
... | [ purpose ] the aim of the present study was to determine whether different neck and trunk
rotation speeds influence standing postural stability or frontal and temporal cortical
activity during rotation in healthy young adults .
[ subjects and methods ] twelve healthy
volunteers participated in this study . a c... |
pellagra is a nutritional disorder secondary to niacin deficiency .
the classical triad is dermatitis , diarrhea , and dementia .
we report the case of a young girl with hypermobility - type ehlers danlos syndrome who exhibited the classical pellagra symptoms , despite apparent adequate nutritional intake .
her ... | |
human immunodeficiency ( hiv ) is a disease which results in decreased chemotaxis , defective granuloma formation and maintenance , impaired antigen processing and presentation , and generalized loss of cd4 + t cells .
india alone accounts for over 2.5 million people living with hiv with an estimated prevalence of 0.... | aims and objectives : discrimination by some health care workers , including dentists , against human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) infected persons has been noted . the main aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge , attitude , and practice towards hiv patients among the dentists of trichur district , ker... |
pseudotyping envelopes of viral vectors are heterologous glycoproteins with the key role of mediating vector entry into target cells .
thus , their nature , function , and density on the vector surface may deeply influence the transduction ability of the vectors . a powerful strategy to increase
the expression of h... | lentiviral vectors ( lvs ) are a highly valuable tool for gene transfer currently exploited in basic , applied , and clinical studies .
their optimization is therefore very important for the field of vectorology and gene therapy .
a key molecule for lv function is the envelope because it guides cell entry .
the m... |
staphylococcus aureus may cause community - acquired and nosocomial bacterial meningitis and is associated with significant mortality .
it is usually associated with neurosurgical interventions ( including csf shunts ) , staphylococcal bacteriemia or a parameningeal focus .
methicillin - resistant s. aureus ( mrsa ... | summarybackgroundthe aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial efficacy of vancomycin and linezolid in a rabbit model of methicillin - resistant staphylococcus aureus ( mrsa ) meningitis.material/methodsmeningitis was induced by intracisternal inoculation of atcc 43300 strain .
after 16 h incubation time and... |
in december 2011 , a 51-year - old woman was admitted to our hospital due to massive hemoptysis .
she had suffered from recurrent hemoptysis for five years and had undergone bronchial artery embolization many times .
the patient s vital signs were stable . on chest examination , decreased breathing sound and crackl... | a 51-year - old woman visited our hospital with massive hemoptysis .
she had suffered from recurrent hemoptysis for five years and had undergone bronchial artery embolization many times .
the patient had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchiectasis .
chest radiography showed consolidation around the nod... |
commercialisation of biotech or genetically modified ( gm ) crops was started in 1996 . since this date a 94-fold increase ( from 1.7 million hectares in 1996 to 160 million hectares in 2011 )
was observed , which makes biotech crops the fastest adopted crop technology in the history of modern agriculture . in 2011 ,... | biotech crops are the fastest adopted crop technology in the history of modern agriculture .
the commercialisation of gmo is in many countries strictly regulated laying down the need for traceability and labelling . to comply with these legislations ,
detection methods are needed . to date
, gm events have been d... |
the increase in frequency of arrhythmias and in symptoms during pregnancy may be a result of the associated hemodynamic , hormonal , autonomic , and emotional changes .
we report a patient who developed bradycardia followed by atypical wenckebach block , after subarachnoid block for cesarean section .
a 150 cm , 58... | arrhythmias in pregnancy are common and may cause concern for the well - being of both mother and fetus . generally , no previous history of heart disease is elicited and majority of the arrhythmias are benign .
bradycardia is commonly seen following subarachnoid block for cesarean section .
however , the incidence... |
lynch syndrome ( ls ) , formerly referred to as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer ( hnpcc ) accounts for 2 4 % of all colorectal cancers ( crcs ) 1 .
affected family members have a germline mutation in one of the dna mismatch repair genes mlh1 , pms2 , msh2 , or msh6 , and a lifetime risk for development ... | lynch syndrome ( ls ) accounts for 2 4 % of all colorectal cancers .
affected family members have a germline mutation in one of the dna mismatch repair genes mlh1 , pms2 , msh2 , or msh6 , and a lifetime risk for development of colorectal cancer of 25
75 % .
current guidelines recommend annual to biannual su... |
von voss - cherstvoy syndrome is a part of a group of syndromes with radial and hematologic abnormalities , and until now approximately ten cases have been reported in the literature .
this syndrome is characterized by a triad of radial ray defects , occipital encephalocele , and urogenital abnormalities .
we repor... | introductionvon voss - cherstvoy syndrome is a part of a group of syndromes with radial and hematologic abnormalities , and until now approximately ten cases have been reported in the literature .
this syndrome is characterized by a triad of radial ray defects , occipital encephalocele , and urogenital abnormalities.... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) is the second leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide . in the year 2012 , an estimated 8.6 million people developed tb , and 1.3 million died from the disease .
pelvic and peritoneal tb may resemble advanced ovarian cancer due to the presence of ascites , complex adnexal mass , ... | pelvic and peritoneal tuberculosis may resemble advanced ovarian cancer due to the presence of ascites , complex adnexal masses , peritoneal deposits and raised ca-125 level , especially in peri- and postmenopausal women .
other common features among women with these two conditions are abdominal pain and distension ,... |
the hyperimmunoglobulin e ( hyper - ige ) syndromes were initially described as a single entity
job syndrome in 1966 in two girls who presented with recurrent cold staphylococcal abscesses , severe eczema , recurrent bronchopulmonary infections , and elevated serum ige .
generally , the hyper - ige syndromes were ... | we present a case of hyperimmunoglobulin e ( hyper - ige ) syndrome in a three year old boy .
there are many pitfalls in diagnosing this disease in the very young population , mainly due to the ambiguity of some diagnostic criteria in this population . recognizing this syndrome early in life
can potentially be very... |
a systematic way of guidelines was put forth for human beings to lead a secured social life so that people will not be harmed by one 's lifestyle .
any deviated behavior from the normal will be punished or may be kept behind bars depending upon the crime committed ; sometimes , the crime conducted may also go unnotic... | background : cytogenetic studies from past decades have shown that interphase cells of female cats contain a densely stained chromatin mass in their nuclei called as barr bodies ( bbs ) named after the scientist murray barr .
bbs are unique chromatin structures formed due to the condensation of the x - chromosome .
... |
in developing countries and/or areas inhabited by indigenous populations , plants and other natural sources constitute the solely source of bioactive molecules used for a variety of purposes .
the use of medicinal plants throughout thousands of years by these populations allowed accumulation of empirical knowledge of... | objective . to evaluate antinocicpetive and redox properties of the monoterpenes ( + ) -camphene , p - cymene , and geranyl acetate in in vivo and in vitro experimental models
. methods .
evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity of ( + ) -camphene , p - cymene , and geranyl acetate using different free radic... |
impaired thermoregulation is a known complication of high level spinal cord injury and side effects of hypothermia induced by such an injury may complicate trauma resuscitation .
hypothermia defined as a core temperature of < 35c are seen frequently in emergency departments ( eds ) throughout the united states .
vi... | we report a case of a 64-year - old caucasian male who was transported to the emergency department ( ed ) after being found unconscious on the side of the road . on arrival to the ed the patient went into ventricular
fibrillation and advanced cardiac life support was started at that time .
thirty minutes into the r... |
after the first report by diamond in 1939 , juvenile polyps , one of the polyps found in the large intestine , have been reported to occur in relatively young people .
the juvenile polyp is a type of harmatoma that develops in the connective tissue of the large intestinal submucosal layer , but its etiology is not ... | juvenile polyps are relatively common polyps that affect predominantly young patients and may occur in isolated , multiple , and/or familial forms . they have been considered to be benign lesions without neoplastic potential , but for patients with multiple juvenile polyposis , the cumulative malignant risk is greater ... |
one of the major risk factors for chd are elevated serum cholesterol concentrations . lowering the level of serum cholesterol is an established clinical practice for chd treatment , intervention , and prevention .
pharmacologically , circulating cholesterol concentrations are reduced by statins , which are 3-hydroxy-... | two new trans-(3r,4r)-amino--lactam derivatives and their diastereoisomeric mixtures were synthesized as ezetimibe bioisosteres and tested in in vitro and in vivo experiments as novel -lactam cholesterol absorption inhibitors . both compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity in mdckii , hnpc1l1/mdckii , and hepg2 cell line... |
we retrospectively surveyed 128 students at a coeducational , state secondary school in an urban area of west midlands , uk , where attack rates for pandemic ( h1n1 ) 2009 were high and ( as of march 2010 ) levels of unemployment were among the highest in great britain ( 7 ) .
the head teacher selected 1 class from e... | to determine how school closure for pandemic ( h1n1 ) 2009 affected students contact patterns , we conducted a retrospective questionnaire survey at a uk school 2 weeks after the school reopened .
school closure was associated with a 65% reduction in the mean total number of contacts for each student . |
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) and chronic periodontitis are common chronic diseases in adults in the world population .
dm is a complex disease with both metabolic and vascular components characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion , insulin action or both as well as dysregulation of protein and lip... | aim : to study the accessibility of chair side blood glucose non - invasive screening method for diabetes mellitus during routine periodontal examination.materials and methods : fifteen non - diabetics and 15 newly onset type 2 diabetics patients with moderate to severe periodontitis were selected after meeting inclusi... |
real - time measurement
of intracellular ph in live cells is of great
importance for understanding physiological / pathological processes
and developing intracellular drug delivery systems .
we report here
the first use of nanoscale metal organic frameworks ( nmofs )
for intracellular ph sensing in live ce... | |
self - assembly is a remarkable
process that nature uses to organize
chemical systems composed of nonliving components into living , biological
systems .
nature accomplishes this incredible feat by adding information
to matter and by guiding the self - assembly process to create functional
structures . towa... | over
the past three decades dna has emerged as an exceptional molecular
building block for nanoconstruction due to its predictable conformation
and programmable intra- and intermolecular watson
crick
base - pairing interactions .
a variety of convenient design rules and
reliable assembly methods have been... |
visual paraneoplastic syndromes associated with gynecologic malignancies include cancer - associated retinopathy ( car ) and diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation ( bdump ) .
it has been hypothesized that in car visual loss occurs due to the presence of autoantibodies ( aabs ) specific to tumor antigens that cross ... | backgroundthe presence of autoantibodies ( aabs ) is the primary serological indicator of autoimmunity .
cancer - associated retinopathy ( car ) is associated with aabs and different types of cancer .
the goal of the study was to examine the profile of serum autoantibodies in women with gynecological cancers with a... |
the worldwide number of long - term cancer survivors is growing fast with ongoing improvements in cancer therapies [ 1 , 2 ] .
however , long - term cancer survivors may suffer from late side effects of cancer therapy .
one of these late side effects is radiation - induced heart disease ( rihd ) , which may occur a... | radiation - induced heart disease ( rihd ) is a potentially severe side effect of radiotherapy of thoracic and chest wall tumors if all or part of the heart was included in the radiation field .
rihd presents clinically several years after irradiation and manifestations include accelerated atherosclerosis , pericardi... |
push and sonde enteroscopy were widely used for small - bowel endoscopy prior to the development of double - balloon enteroscopy ( dbe ) . however , due to the insufficient depth of intubation into the small bowel and the high rate of complications with push and sonde enteroscopy , new techniques that overcame these is... | advances in technology have facilitated the common use of small - bowel imaging .
intraoperative enteroscopy was the gold standard method for small - bowel imaging
. however , noninvasive capsule endoscopy and invasive balloon enteroscopy are currently the main endoscopic procedures that are routinely used for smal... |
ovarian torsion results from the rotation of the ovary about its pedicle , to an extent that the ovarian arteries and or veins are obstructed .
this condition generally results from a benign tumor of the ovary and usually occurs in younger women .
clinical signs include sudden onset of lower abdominal pain associat... | ovarian torsion is the fifth most common gynecological surgical emergency .
ovarian torsion is usually associated with a cyst or a tumor , which is typically benign .
the most common is mature cystic teratoma .
we report the case of a 43-year - old woman who came to the emergency department with rare acute presen... |
as the majority of recent randomized controlled trials ( rcts ) have been unable to demonstrate a beneficial effect of various interventions aimed at improving outcome in end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) , novel treatment strategies need to be tested in this high - risk patient group . among several novel risk factor... | since the first reports in the late 1990s connecting elevated circulating levels of c - reactive protein in patients with end - stage renal disease with an atherogenic , wasted phenotype and poor outcome , more than 3600 publications related to the subject have appeared on the medline bibliographic database .
this re... |
it has been used primarily by military , construction workers , fire fighters to see through smoke , and to spot heat leaks or the enemy .
there are few reports and small - scale studies done in various disciplines of ophthalmology .
it has been used in the diagnosis of dry eye and to evaluate bleb functionality af... | background and objectives : the purpose of this study was to evaluate ocular inflammatory and non - inflammatory conditions using commercially available thermal camera.materials and methods : a non - contact thermographic camera ( flir p 620 ) was used to take thermal pictures of seven cases of ocular inflammation , tw... |
we
present a chemical method to selectively tag and enrich thymine
modifications , 5-formyluracil ( 5-fu ) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil ( 5-hmu ) ,
found naturally in dna .
inherent reactivity differences have enabled
us to tag 5-fu chemoselectively over its c modification counterpart ,
5-formylcytosine ( 5-fc... | |
laparoscopic appendectomy , first performed by semm in 1983 , has become increasingly popular .
the surgical management of complicated pediatric appendicitis ( gangrenous or perforated ) has been more controversial , and the role of laparoscopy in its treatment has not yet been established .
intraabdominal abscess ... | background : complicated appendicitis ( gangrenous or perforated ) has been associated with increased risk for postoperative complications , especially intraabdominal abscess .
caution has been advised when attempting laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated appendicitis in children .
the objective of our study wa... |
after one year of preparatory work a model of cooperation for patients with chronic wounds was implemented in the hospital krankenhaus gttlicher heiland in june 2009 .
principals of the project are the vienna health insurance and vienna 's medical association , the practical implementation lies mainly in the respons... | description of projectafter one year of preparatory work a model of cooperation for patients with chronic wounds was implemented in the hospital krankenhaus gttlicher heiland in june 2009 .
principals of the project are the vienna health insurance and vienna 's medical association , the practical implementation lies... |
denitrification is an important process
in biology that involves the sequential reduction of nitrate ( no3 ) to nitrite ( no2 ) , nitric oxide ( no ) , nitrous oxide ( n2o ) , and finally
to dinitrogen ( n2 ) , carried out by several different metalloenzymes .
n2o + h2o ) is a key
step of this process and is ca... | this forum article focuses on recent
advances in structural and spectroscopic studies of biosynthetic models
of nitric oxide reductases ( nors ) .
nors are complex metalloenzymes
found in the denitrification pathway of earth s nitrogen cycle
where they catalyze the proton - dependent two - electron reduction ... |
the management of undescended testes is one of the most controversial aspects in pediatric urology .
the problem is not , in principle , the time to bring the testis down to the scrotum , but whether and when to perform imaging studies such as ultrasound ( us ) and why we still get the patients with undescended testi... | abstractthe aim of this study was to evaluate the testicular volume and structure using ultrasound ( us ) before and up to 3 years after orchidopexy in children with different age.a total of 128 patients underwent orchidopexy for undescended testes .
afterwards , patients were invited for annual follow - up and contr... |
regarding glucose levels in the brain , hypothalamic glucose levels are regulated from 0.7 to 4.5
when blood glucose levels fall to ~2.8 mmol / l during hypoglycemia , brain glucose levels also decline to ~0.3 mmol / l3 . according to a longstanding dogma , sglt1 is a highaffinity transporter for glucose .
in fact ... | in the central nervous system , especially in the hypothalamus , the energy status in the body is assessed by glucosesensing neurons since glucose is the major fuel in the central nervous system .
glucose sensing mechanisms also have a significant role in prevention of hypoglycemic bouts . in a recent report
, fan ... |
the study population was derived from the inhabitants of tianjin , which is the third largest city and located in the east coastal area in china .
the city is composed of six urban districts , six suburbs , and three newly developed areas .
, a multiphase stratified cluster sampling method was implemented , and a r... | objectivedata on latent autoimmune diabetes in adults ( lada ) from population - based studies are sparse .
we sought to investigate the prevalence and correlates of lada.research design and methodsa total of 8,109 participants , who were aged 15 years and living in tianjin , china , were assessed to identify individ... |
seasonal influenza causes an estimated annual average of 226 000 hospitalizations and 36 000 deaths in the united states .
the highest rates of influenzaassociated hospitalizations and death occur among the elderly , young children , and persons with certain highrisk medical conditions .
,
,
,
,
,
,
,... | please cite this paper as : peebles et al .
( 2010 ) influenzaassociated mortality among children
united states : 20072008 . influenza and other respiratory viruses 5(1 ) , 2531 .
background since october 2004 , pediatric influenzaassociated deaths have been a nationally notifiable condition . to further inves... |
in today 's obesogenic environment , losing weight through behavioral means can be a difficult task that requires a high level of self - monitoring , making healthy choices in the face of more desirable choices , and working against longstanding eating and physical activity habits . to overcome these barriers and succe... | this analysis investigated if changes in autonomous or controlled motivation for participation in a weight loss program differed between individuals offered a financial incentive for weight loss compared to individuals not offered an incentive .
additionally , the same relationships were tested among those who lost w... |
rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) is a chronic , inflammatory , multisystemic autoimmune disorder
that affects ( mostly ) diarthrodial joints1 .
it is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality due to
cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) ; however , the reason for the increased risk of cvd is not
explained by tra... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between
joint destruction and carotid intima - media thickness in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis .
[ subjects and methods ] thirty - four ra patients and 31 healthy controls were
enrolled in this study .
the disease activit... |
anti - neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ( anca)-associated vasculitis ( aav ) is characterized by pauci - immune necrotizing vasculitis of the small blood vessels,1 which comprise three different clinical syndromes : eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis ( egpa , previously called churg - strauss syndrome ) , gr... | the association between interstitial lung disease ( ild ) and anti - neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ( anca)-associated vasculitis ( aav ) , particularly microscopic polyangiitis ( mpa ) , has been described in a number of case reports and case series reports in the last 2 decades .
in addition , patients with pulmon... |
acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia ( amt ) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia and is association with a markedly diminished number of bone marrow megakaryocytes .
this condition has been observed in patients with lupus erythematosus , t - cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia an... | amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia ( amt ) is a rare cause of acquired thrombocytopenia .
the pathogenesis and treatment of amt is not clearly known . here
we demonstrate a 50-year - old man presented with the clinical manifestations of severe thrombocytopenia ( 7000 platelets/l ) with a marked decrease to absent of ... |
salivary gland tumors are known for their varied histomorphological appearance , which sometimes poses a diagnostic challenge for pathologists .
one of such appearances is the oncocytic change in tumor cells of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors .
morphologically , oncocytes are characterized by abundant eo... | pleomorphic adenoma ( pa ) is the most common salivary gland tumor characterized by histo - morphological diversity in the form of myxoid , hyalinized , chondroid , osseous , and squamous areas . in this paper
, we report a rare case of predominantly oncocytic variant of pa in a 45-year - old male patient on the post... |
according to the brazilian institute of geography and demography ( instituto brasileiro de geografia e estatstica or ibge),1 brazil presents an aged population that corresponds to 9.7% of its total population .
the aging index grew from 0.11 in the 1980 s to 0.25 in 2004.1 these values show that brazilian society is ... | backgroundelderly people present alterations in body composition and physical fitness , compromising their quality of life .
chronic diseases , including hiv / aids , worsen this situation .
resistance exercises are prescribed to improve fitness and promote healthier and independent aging .
recovery of strength a... |
a total of 85 ( 30 women 55 men ) consecutive patients routinely referred to coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris were included in the study after the following exclusions : any kind of rhythm abnormailities that could have interfered with p- wave analysis ( af , freguent atrial and ventriculer beats , pacem... | objective : p- wave dispersion ( pd ) is an indicator of inhomogeneous and discontinuous propagation of sinus impulses . in the present study we aimed to investigate the pd and its association with the severity of the disease . in patients with stable coronary artery disease.methods:we prospectively analyzed 60 subject... |
otomycosis or fungal otitis externa has typically been described as fungal infection of the external auditory canal with infrequent complications involving the middle ear .
although rarely life threatening , the disease is a challenging and frustrating entity for both patients and otolaryngologists as it frequently r... | objective . to define otomycosis and determine the predisposing factors and microbiology in primary otomycosis .
study design .
prospective study of two years and review of the literature . setting .
academic department of otolaryngology in a coastal city in india . patients .
150 immunocompetent individuals of... |
urban taxi drivers differ from other professional drivers with respect to their risk
profiles for work - related low back disorders1 .
biomechanical studies show that the driving activities within
automobiles can impose postural strains on lumbar spines1 .
reported that back pain is an important health
proble... | [ purpose ] this study aimed to develop unilateral exercises for urban drivers and
investigate the effect of these exercises on low back pain ( lbp ) .
[ subject and methods ] a
40-year - old male driver , who complained of lbp on the left side at l35 levels ,
participated in this study . a two - session progra... |
lichen planus ( lp ) is a common inflammatory disease affecting the skin , the mucous membranes , the genitalia , the nails and the scalp .
prevalence of lichen planus in the general population ranges from 0.1 to 4 % and it is more common in females , especially in the perimenopausal period .
pathophysiology of lp ... | lichen planus ( lp ) is an inflammatory disease that affects the skin mainly the extremities and the trunk the mucous membranes , the genitalia , the nails and the scalp .
the diagnosis of lp is usually established clinically based on the typical morphology and distribution of the lesions in conjunction with the as... |
a 67 year old woman was hospitalized in the emergency room due to dysarthria started 4 hours before hospitalization .
the patient was diagnosed with systemic sclerosis in 2003 and was taking methylprednisolone 2 mg per day at our clinic 's rheumatic internal medicine department . according to physical examination fin... | aortic thrombi are important because it can cause the central and peripheral embolizations .
aortic thrombi can occur anywhere in the aorta but extremely rare in ascending aorta without atherosclerosis , aneurysm , cardiosurgical or traumatic state .
systemic sclerosis ( ssc ) is an autoimmune disorder of connectiv... |
in their analysis on the clinical significance of randomised controlled trials , kraemer and kupfer ( 2006 ) advocated the number needed to treat ( nnt ) and some other parameters to convey the clinical and practical significance of the outcome of a trial .
they indicate that such parameters may deviate largely , so... | considering psychiatry as a medical discipline , a diagnosis identifying a disorder should lead to an effective therapy .
such presumed causality is the basis of evidence - based psychiatry .
we examined the strengths and weaknesses of research onto the causality of relationship between diagnosis and therapy of maj... |
the date palm ( phoenix dactylifera l. ) is of economic importance to the kingdom of saudi arabia which is the second largest producer of dates worldwide .
although date palms can grow under a variety of environmental conditions , production is impeded by various biotic and abiotic stress factors .
most importantly... | this study was carried out to study the proteome of date palm under salinity and drought stress conditions to possibly identify proteins involved in stress tolerance . for this purpose , three - month - old seedlings of date palm cultivar
sagie were subjected to drought ( 27.5 g / l polyethylene glycol 6000 ) and s... |
lamotrigine is a new , anti - epileptic drug used in the treatment of partial and generalized seizures and maintenance treatment of bipolar i disorder .
common adverse effects of lamotrigine include headache , nausea , vomiting , tremors , anxiety and insomnia .
the major adverse drug reaction leading to lamotrigin... | anti - epileptic drugs can be associated with a wide spectrum of cutaneous adverse reactions ranging from simple maculopapular rashes to more severe and life threatening reactions like stevens - johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis .
these rashes are well documented with older antiepileptic drugs like phen... |
ovarian cancer is the leading cause
of death among women with gynecological
malignancies .
acquired resistance to chemotherapy is a major limitation
for ovarian cancer treatment .
we report here the first use of nanoscale
metal organic frameworks ( nmofs ) for the co - delivery of cisplatin
and pooled sm... | |
the hospitals ' duty is beyond providing clinical and specialized services , and making plans for delivering health care services and promoting health is one of their important duties ( 1 ) . in each country , from 40% to 70% of health budget is absorbed by and spent in the hospitals and usually one to three percent of... | background : hospitals are the central entity of each health care system and health promoting hospitals ( hph ) was launched by who in 1988 .
however , there has not been any accurate and detailed model for establishing a hph in iran up to now .
therefore , this study aimed to determine factors affecting the establ... |
calcium phosphate ceramics have seen extensive clinical application as synthetic bone fillers and graft extenders [ 13 ] .
the biocompatibility as well as osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties of these ceramics have been well documented [ 412 ] .
bone tissue engineering research has capitalized on these qua... | calcium phosphate ceramics , commonly applied as bone graft substitutes , are a natural choice of scaffolding material for bone tissue engineering .
evidence shows that the chemical composition , macroporosity and microporosity of these ceramics influences their behavior as bone graft substitutes and bone tissue engi... |
the peptides fdnpvyqktt , fdnpvy , fdnpvsqktt , fdnpvs , fdnpva , fdnpvf , and fdnpvl were synthesized using standard fmoc chemistry with a free cooh terminus and an acylated nh2 terminus .
crude peptides were purified by reverse - phase hplc on a c18 column ( vydac , hesperia , ca ) , equilibrated in h2o with 0.... | previously the hexapeptide motif fxnpxy807 in the cytoplasmic tail of the ldl receptor was shown to be essential for clustering in clathrin - coated pits .
we used nuclear magnetic resonance line - broadening and transferred nuclear overhauser effect measurements to identify the molecule in the clathrin latti... |
the enzymes that synthesize pe in yeast , worms , and flies have mammalian counterparts .
first , lodged in the inner membrane , the enzyme phosphatidylserine decarboxylase converts phosphatidylserine to pe ( fig .
1 ) . pe synthesized in mitochondria can spread via mitochondrial associated membranes to other cellu... | we recently reported that knocking down the enzyme phosphatidylserine decarboxylase , which synthesizes the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine ( pe ) in mitochondria , perturbs the homeostasis of the human parkinson disease ( pd ) protein -synuclein ( expressed in yeast or worms ) . in yeast , low pe in the psd1 del... |
breast cancer is the most common malignancy after lung cancer and the leading cause of cancer - related deaths among women worldwide .
although the incidence of breast cancer has been increasing , male breast cancer is a rare and uncommon disease , accounting for only 0.5% to 1% of all cases .
male patients are dia... | breast cancer metastases to the gastrointestinal tract are very rare occurrences . among the histological subtypes of breast cancer , invasive lobular carcinomas have a high capacity of metastasis to uncommon sites including the stomach .
conversely , there has not been sufficient evidence supporting the gastric meta... |
skeletal muscle presents unique features that allow it to respond to several exogenous stimuli . this characteristic is named plasticity . exercise and nutrition are examples of such stimuli that may promote adaptive responses in skeletal muscle in terms of structure and function [ 24 ] .
for example , there are so... | skeletal muscle protein turnover is modulated by intracellular signaling pathways involved in protein synthesis , degradation , and inflammation .
the proinflammatory status of muscle cells , observed in pathological conditions such as cancer , aging , and sepsis , can directly modulate protein translation initiation... |
with the advent of the hpv vaccine , data on genotype - specific prevalence of hpv infection in sexually active female population would be useful to predict the potential benefits of hpv vaccination and to monitor the impact of vaccination on hpv type replacement .
a recent meta - analysis estimated that the worldwid... | human papillomavirus ( hpv ) type - specific distribution was evaluated in genital samples collected from 654 women from the south of italy undergoing voluntary screening and correlated with cyto - histological abnormalities .
hpv dna was detected in 45.9% of the samples , 41.7% of which had multiple infection and 89... |
xanthogranulomatous diseases of the orbit are a group of rare disorders of unknown etiology and pathogenesis affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the periorbital areas and the ocular adnexa .
the group displays considerable heterogeneity with some patients manifesting only local symptoms and signs at the fa... | periocular xanthogranulomatous diseases are a rare group of disorders which are characterized by a predilection to affect the orbit and ocular adnexa and special histopathological features , in particular infiltrates comprising non - langerhans - derived foamy histiocytes and touton giant cells .
the differential dia... |
venous thromboembolism ( vte ) , which includes deep vein thrombosis ( dvt ) and pulmonary embolus ( pe ) , is a common postoperative complication .
a high incidence of vte has been well demonstrated in hip and knee arthroplasty.1 the incidence of dvt has been as high as 40% in some studies.1
2 less is known about ... | study design
retrospective matched cohort analysis.objective
the majority of the literature on venous thromboembolism ( vte ) after spine surgery is limited to studies of thoracolumbar surgery .
less is known regarding the incidence of vte and associated risk factors following cervical spine surgery.methods
a t... |
the dioecious trematode ornithobilharzia turkestanicum ( family , schistosomatidae ) is a well - documented parasitic fluke which lives in mesenteric veins of ruminants and other mammals ( 1 , 2 ) . it was formerly named as schistosoma turkestanicum , but later assigned to the genus ornithobilharzia ( 3 ) .
o. turkes... | backgroundinfection with ornithobilharzia turkestanicum has been reported in a wide range of animals worldwide .
this study was undertaken to assess the utility of polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) , for detecting the infection with o. turkestanicum larvae stages in lymnaea gedrosiana.methodsa total of 6,759 lymnaeid... |
one health is a concept that aims to bring together human , animal , and environmental health .
researchers including louis pasteur and robert koch and physicians such as william osler and rudolph virchow demonstrated the collaborative links between animal and human health .
as the traditional boundaries between me... | background .
one health is a concept that was officially adopted by international organizations and scholarly bodies in 1984 .
it is the notion of combining human , animal , and environmental components to address global health challenges that have an ecological interconnectedness
. methods .
a cross - sectiona... |
patients without fractures recovered much earlier than those with fractures.among the patients with fractures , there were no significant differences in terms of consolidation time after surgery.different surgical options of curettage only or combined with different filling materials had no effects on the follow - up o... | abstractenchondroma , reportedly the most common primary tumor of the long bones of the hand , usually develops during the first till fourth decades of life .
however , there has no consensus been reached regarding the surgical intervention timing for these patients .
we aim to evaluate the optimal surgical interve... |
an important goal of personalized cancer therapy is to tailor specific therapies to the mutational profile of the individual patient 's cancer .
a major issue with this strategy is that while the aim of systemic therapy is to treat metastatic disease , typically the primary tumour is used as the source of information... | background . an important goal of personalized cancer therapy is to tailor specific therapies to the mutational profile of individual patients .
however , whole genome sequencing studies have shown that the mutational profiles of cancers evolve over time and often differ between primary and metastatic sites . activat... |
vision and the somatosensory and vestibular sensory systems play an important role in
posture control1,2,3,4,5 .
vision , based on a change
in the information projected on the retina , guides the relationship between the environment
and the body .
plantar sensation provides information on the base of support ... | [ purpose ] the purpose of the present study is to clarify whether tilted scenery presented
through an immersive head - mounted display ( hmd ) causes the inclination of standing
posture .
[ subjects and methods ] eleven healthy young adult males who provided informed
consent participated in the experiment .
... |
benign duodenocolic fistula is a fistula between the duodenum and colon with no malignancy of either section .
however , the duodenocolic fistula complication of peptic ulcer has not been reported in the middle east .
diagnosis of duodenocolic fistula is always established with upper and lower gastrointestinal trac... | a 44-year - old man with upper abdominal pain , diarrhea and 25 kg weight loss since 3 months ago was admitted . he had a history of dyspepsia and peptic ulcer disease 4 months before admission.gastroduodenal
endoscopy and upper gastrointestinal series with barium study were done .
biopsies and ct - scan ruled out ... |
however , the complexity of ill - health , which is socially constructed by individuals , health personnel and health authorities have motivated the search for other forms to approach knowledge .
to discuss the complementarities of qualitative and quantitative research methods in the generation of knowledge .
the p... | introductionresearch in the area of health has been traditionally dominated by quantitative research . however , the complexity of ill - health , which is socially constructed by individuals , health personnel and health authorities have motivated the search for other forms to approach knowledge.aimto discuss the compl... |
immune cells utilize toll - like receptors ( tlrs ) to sense pathogen associated molecular patterns ( pamps ) , which represents the starting point of the innate immune response .
plasmacytoid dendritic cells ( pdcs ) are at the nexus between innate and adaptive immunity and are thereby key contributors to the host '... | objective .
tlr7 ligation in plasmacytoid dendritic cells is promising for the treatment of cancer , allergy , and infectious diseases ; however , high doses of ligands are required .
we hypothesized that the combination of structurally different tlr7 ligands exponentiates the resulting immune response .
methods ... |
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( osa ) is a common problem among children and especially boys , with estimated prevalence of 2 - 3% , with most children being diagnosed at the age of 26 years . at night
osa is characterized by interrupted sleep , snoring , and disrupted breathing . at daytime , children present hyp... | background . obstructive sleep apnea ( osa ) is associated with growth impairment that usually improves following effective treatment . in this study we investigated the mechanisms underlying the growth processes in young children diagnosed with osa , before and after adenotonsillectomy ( t&a ) .
methods . young chil... |
earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters and have been the cause of some of the world 's highest death tolls in peacetime.1 they usually occur abruptly , and , therefore , the ability to utilize resources promptly and effectively to reduce casualties is the main measure of a successful response .
... | objective : the features of earthquake - related head injuries may be different from those of injuries obtained in daily life because of differences in circumstances . we aim to compare the features of head traumas caused by the sichuan earthquake with those of other common head traumas using multidetector computed tom... |
rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) to a similar extent as diabetes [ 13 ] .
atherogenesis in ra remains poorly elucidated and current recommendations on cvd risk stratification reportedly have major shortcomings [ 5 , 6 ] .
hence , there is a need for ... | in the present study , we examined the potential impact of adiponectin on carotid ultrasound determined atherosclerosis in 210 ( 119 black and 91 white ) ra patients in mixed regression models .
total adiponectin concentrations were smaller in patients with compared to those without the metabolic syndrome ( mets ) de... |
multilevel cervical canal stenosis causesd by the ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament ( opll ) or cervical spondylotic myelopathy ( csm ) is common42326 ) .
most patients are asymptomatic , but those with severe spinal cord compression are predisposed to symptoms of cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy 16... | objectivethe purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cervical midline - splitting french - door laminoplasty with a polyether ether ketone ( peek ) plate .
the authors retrospectively analyzed the results of patients with cervical laminoplasty miniplate ( maxpacer ) without bone grafts in mul... |
the l - tyrosine is a substance that generates a neurotransmitter such as adrenaline , norepinephrine ( noradrenaline ) , or dopamine and becomes the thyroid hormone that controls the metabolism and is a precursor of melanin [ 1 , 2 ] .
therefore , the development of a method to determine small amounts of l - tyrosin... | the chemiluminescence ( cl ) signal immediately appeared when a hydrogen peroxide solution was injected into an iron - phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid ( fe - pts ) aqueous solution .
moreover , the cl intensity of fe - pts decreased by adding l - tyrosine . based on these results ,
the determination of trace amou... |
mucormycosis ( mcm ) is a devastating infection with high mortality rates despite recent advances in its diagnosis and treatment .
it is caused by the filamentous fungi of the mucorales order of the class of zygomycetes .
although it is classically defined as an opportunistic infection , preferentially affecting pa... | mucormycosis ( mcm ) is a life - threatening infection that carries high mortality rates despite recent advances in its diagnosis and treatment .
the objective was to report 14 cases of mucormycosis infection and review the relevant literature .
we retrospectively analyzed the demographic and clinical data of 14 co... |
physicians have shown great concern on the relationship between lymphoma and inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) over the years . in 1928 , bargen described initial report of lymphosarcoma in a patient with ulcerative colitis . since then , numerous case reports and meta - analyses have been presented , but composite ly... | a 45-year - old female patient with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis complicated with composite lymphoma in the spleen and para - aortic lymph node presented with a one - month history of malaise , weakness and fatigue .
only mesalamine kept ulcerative colitis under control . in physical examination ,
splenomegaly... |
the clinical usefulness of light was first recognized some 3,000 years ago when it was used to treat rickets , psoriasis , and other common ailments.1 more recently , the term photodynamic therapy ( pdt ) surfaced and has been used to describe the use of light to treat a variety of diseases , including cancer.25 specif... | photodynamic therapy ( pdt ) processes involving the production of singlet oxygen face the issue of oxygen concentration dependency . despite high oxygen delivery , a variety of properties related to metabolism and vascular morphology in cancer cells result in hypoxic environments , resulting in limited effectiveness o... |
menopause is associated with increased risk of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome ( 1 , 2 ) .
dyslipidemia , obesity , and insulin resistance are of the most common features of the metabolic syndrome in menopausal woman and known to be important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases ... | background : several experimental and clinical studies support beneficial effects of trigonella foenum - graecum ( fenugreek ) in the management of metabolic diseases and inflammatory disorders.objectives:the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of t. foenum - graecum seed extract in reducing the metabolic a... |
the t cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain ( tim ) family is located on chromosome 11b1.1 in mice and consists of several members ( tim-18 ) . in humans
it is located on chromosome 5q33.2 and consists of three members ( tim-1 , 3 , and 4 ) .
individual tim family members may serve as susceptibility markers for asth... | the t cell immunoglobulin mucin ( tim ) proteins regulate t cell activation and tolerance .
tim-1 plays an important role in the regulation of immune responses and the development of autoimmune diseases .
tim-4 is a natural ligand of tim-1 , and the interaction of tim-1 and tim-4 is involved in the regulation of t ... |
propofol is a popular intravenous ( iv ) anesthetic agent providing fast onset and smooth anesthetic induction with rapid recovery .
however , the disadvantage of pain or discomfort during iv injection may be as high as 85% in children when given into small vein on the dorsum of the hand 1 - 3 .
although various dr... | background : the pain on propofol injection is considered to be a common and difficult to eliminate problem in children . in this study , we aimed to compare the efficacy of pretreatment with tramadol 1 mg.kg-1and propofol - lidocaine 20 mg mixture for prevention of propofol induced pain in children.methods : one hundr... |
it is more common in female with female - to - male ratio of 3:1 .
not all the cases of necrobiosis are associated with diabetes ; hence the terminology necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum has been abandoned .
the ulcers in nl are quite painful leading to impaired quality of life of these patients .
we present a c... | ulcerative necrobiosis lipoidica ( nl ) in diabetic patients is a rare , painful condition .
it is a difficult - to - treat condition , impairing quality of life of patients .
although various drugs have been tried , none of them is consistently effective .
biologics in the form of tnf - alpha inhibitors show pro... |
double dislocations of the thumb joints have only been reported on four previous occasions , in all cases reported to date , the joints have dislocated dorsally .
we present the case of a 26-year - old male patient with simultaneous volar dislocations of the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb... | introduction : multiple dislocations of joints in the hand are rare .
double dislocations of the thumb joints have only been reported on four previous occasions , in all cases reported to date , the joints have dislocated dorsally.case report : we present the case of a 26-year - old male patient with simultaneous vol... |
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