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intestinal intussusception is relatively common in children , whereas in adults it is a rare clinical entity , which occurs most often secondary to a defined pathologic abnormality .
although surgical resection is recommended , there is still no consensus regarding optimal management of adult intussusception caused b... | adult intussusception is rare and most often associated with cancer .
we report a case of intussuscepted sigmoid colon into the rectum protruding from the anus of a 47-year - old woman .
the cause of the intussusception was sigmoid colon cancer .
we removed the intussuscepted part of the sigmoid colon as well as ... |
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ( adpkd ) is associated with several extra - renal manifestations including coronary artery aneurysm and ectasia as well as cerebral aneurysms , hepatic and pancreatic cysts , cardiac valve disease , aortic root dilatation and colonic diverticulae [ 15 ] .
abnormalities in... | autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ( adpkd ) can affect several organs in addition to the kidney .
there is paucity in the literature on the cardiac manifestations of this disease .
this retrospective study aimed to assess whether adpkd was associated with a larger coronary artery diameter and to evaluate... |
inhibition of estrous cycle in lactating rats mostly results from an inhibition of luteinizing hormone ( lh ) and gonadotropin releasing hormone ( gnrh ) secretion ( 2 ) .
suckling is an important inhibitory cue of lh surge during the first 8 days of lactation in rats ; separating pups from their dams restores lh sec... | objective(s):the effect of litter size and suckling intensity on the expression of kiss-1 mrna in the arcuate nucleus ( arc ) of rats were evaluated.materials and methods : thirty two pregnant and four non - lactating ovariectomized ( as control group ) rats were used in this experiment .
lactating rats were allotted... |
chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by overproduction of immature and mature myeloid cells in the peripheral blood , bone marrow and spleen . in more than 90% of cases ,
the disease is diagnosed during the initial chronic phase ( cml - cp ) , which is characterized by expan... | context : chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by overproduction of immature and matured myeloid cells in the peripheral blood , bone marrow and spleen.evidence acquisition : a hallmark of cml is the presence of ( 9 ; 22 ) ( q34 ; q11 ) reciprocal translocation , which is cyto... |
preeclampsia is defined as increase in systolic blood pressure 140 mmhg or diastolic 90 mmhg and proteinuria 300 mg protein/24 hours urine and starts after 20 weeks of pregnancy .
eclampsia is the condition in which generalized seizure occur in the absence of other neurologic defects .
preeclampsia and eclampsia ar... | objective : to assess the effect of injecting magnesium sulfate on doppler parameters of fetal umbilical and middle cerebral arteries ( mca ) in women with severe preeclampsia.materials and methods : a total of 21 patients with severe preeclampsia admitted to imam reza hospital , kermanshah ( iran ) , were evaluated . ... |
child bearing is one of the hazardous experiences that women engage in while bringing new life to this world .
it is often associated with complications that may cause morbidities , disabilities , and mortalities .
world health organization ( who ) estimates that more than half a million women lose their lives in t... | introduction .
world health organization estimates that more than half a million women lose their lives in the process of reproduction worldwide every year and most of these mortalities are avoidable if mothers have access to maternal health care services
. objectives .
this study was conducted with objectives of... |
a 61-year - old white woman with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin ( ig ) g antibody seropositive nmo had 10 clinical relapses in the first 4 years of her disease despite treatment with iv pulse cyclophosphamide , chronic glucocorticoids ( up to 60 mg / day prednisone ) , mycophenolate mofetil ( up to 3,000 mg / day ) , ritux... | objectives : to describe the clinical course and neuropathology at autopsy of a patient with neuromyelitis optica ( nmo ) treated with alemtuzumab.methods:case report.results:a 61-year - old woman with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin g antibody seropositive nmo had 10 clinical relapses in 4 years despite treatment with mult... |
the pathogenesis of circumscribed palmar hypokeratosis ( cph ) is still controversial , and to date there is no treatment of choice .
the clinical course and histopathological features in our observation point towards the possibility of an underlying squamous cell carcinoma in situ presenting as cph .
we suggest... | introductionthe pathogenesis of circumscribed palmar hypokeratosis ( cph ) is still controversial , and to date there is no treatment of choice.methodswe report on a patient with cph responding to treatment with fluorouracil cream.resultsthe clinical course and histopathological features in our observation point toward... |
developmental exposures to environmental chemicals have become an important public health concern because of their possible toxic impact on sensitive development and programming of organ functions ( 1 ) .
unfortunately , the degree to which different persistent pollutants pass from the mother to the child is only par... | passage of environmental chemicals across the placenta has important toxicological consequences , as well as for choosing samples for analysis and for interpreting the results . to obtain systematic data , we collected in 2000 maternal and cord blood , cord tissue , placenta , and milk in connection with births in the ... |
corneolimbal epithelial progenitor / stem cells are a small subpopulation of oligopotent cells that are primarily located in the basal epithelial layer of the limbus .
they produce undifferentiated progeny with limited proliferative potential that centripetally migrate from the periphery of the cornea to replace cell... | this study aimed to investigate whether corneal nerve and corneal stem / progenitor cells are altered in insulin - like growth factor - i ( igf - i- ) treated individuals with diabetes .
a group consisting of db / db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( dm ) and a wild - type group were assessed by neural and corneal... |
an aryl sulfotransferase , whose cdna was isolated from the rat liver library , was found to catalyze bioactivation of minoxidil through n - o - sulfation and n - sulfation of a carcinogenic heterocyclic amine , iq , by expression in cos-1 cells .
cdna of a human ortholog also was isolated and characterized as a majo... | |
beyond anecdotal , literary and even lyrical acknowledgments , a rapidly expanding corpus of scientific evidence supports a causal role for sleep in memory processing . this review aims to provide a synthesis of recent findings in humans , with a focus on hippocampal - dependent memory .
our goal is to extract consis... | as critical as waking brain function is to learning and memory , an established literature now describes an equally important yet complementary role for sleep in information processing .
this overview examines the specific contribution of sleep to human hippocampal memory processing ; both the detriments caused by a ... |
pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide ( pacap ) is a neuropeptide with widespread occurrence in various organs and diverse effects both in the nervous system and in the periphery [ 1 , 2 ] .
pacap is strongly expressed in the central nervous system , where it exerts several effects such that it is a cent... | pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide ( pacap ) has neuroprotective effects in different neuronal and retinal injuries .
retinal ischemia can be effectively modelled by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion ( bccao ) , which causes chronic hypoperfusion - induced degeneration in the entire ... |
surface ligands determine , to a great extent , the biologically relevant functions of various nanosized particles .
this is particularly important for drug delivery , where active ligands provide specific interactions to guide particles to the desired place in the body , and for biosensing , where moieties that reco... | abstracta dnasensing platform is developed by exploiting the easy surface functionalization of metal organic framework ( mof ) particles and their highly parallelized fluorescence detection by flow cytometry .
two strategies were employed to functionalize the surface of mil88a , using either covalent or noncovalent ... |
a 7-year - old female presented complaining of intermittent diplopia and blurred vision for 2 months .
1 ) . however , variable degrees ( 10 to 30 prism diopters [ pd ] ) of esodeviation and miotic pupils were evident only at near fixation ( fig .
her esodeviation did not change with the addition of + 3.0 diopters ... | we report a case of early resolution of convergence spasms following the addition of antipsychotic medications and present it as a possible alternative to the conventional treatment for convergence spasms .
the cessation of atropinization of the eyes and the use of reading glasses was achieved after only 2 months fol... |
ophthalmoplegic migraine ( om ) is characterized by recurrent attacks of migrainous headache , associated with paresis of one or more ocular cranial nerves with absence of demonstrable intracranial lesions , other than magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) of the brain changes within the affected nerve . from the recent o... | ophthalmoplegic migraine ( om ) is characterized by recurrent attacks of headache with paresis of ocular cranial nerves .
previously , it was classified as a variant of migraine , but recently , international headache classification ( ihcd - ii ) has reclassified om to the category of neuralgia .
presently , om is ... |
obesity has become a huge burden worldwide . according to the 2013 korea national health and nutrition examination survey , one in three korean adults are obese and
more than half are considered to be at least overweight , implying that korea is not an exception to this worldwide pandemic .
environmental factors su... | obesity has quickly become a worldwide pandemic , causing major adverse health outcomes such as dyslipidemia , type 2 diabetes mellitus , cardiovascular disease and cancers .
obesity - induced insulin resistance is the key for developing these metabolic disorders , and investigation to understand the molecular mechan... |
both environmental and genetic factors are well established to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) , a leading cause of death in persons with diabetes ( 1 ) .
a genome - wide association study identified rs10911021 , a single nucelotide polymorphism ( snp ) upstream of the glutamate - amm... | genetic studies have identified a glutamate - ammonia ligase gene ( glul ) polymorphism associated with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality among people with type 2 diabetes ( t2d ) .
we sought to determine whether glul rs10911021 is associated prospectively with adjudicated cardiovascular composite end po... |
after obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee , a prospective , cross - sectional , questionnaire - based study was carried out at n. k. p. salve institute of medical sciences and research centre , nagpur , from january 2013 to june 2013 [ iec / nkp sims-84/2013 ] .
the study was conducted on 488 ... | the study was undertaken to evaluate various aspects of self - medication in medical students . a prospective , cross - sectional , questionnaire - based study was carried out among 488 medical students selected by simple random sampling from january 2013 to june 2013 .
data was collected and analyzed for counts and ... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) is well known as an airborne infectious disease that is preventable and curable .
people who are recently in contact with active tb patient are more likely to have latent tuberculosis infection ( ltbi ) .
the mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli can remain dormant in the host body for a long perio... | abstracttreatment of latent tuberculosis infection ( ltbi ) is essential for eradicating tuberculosis ( tb ) .
moreover , the patient adherence is crucial in determining the effectiveness of tb control .
isoniazid given by dots daily for 9 months ( 9h ) is the standard treatment for ltbi in taiwan .
however , the... |
in the past decade , vocal fold injection ( vfi ) has re - emerged as a valuable treatment modality for a variety of laryngeal disorders .
recent advances in injection materials have broadened the indications for this technique , while the increasing capabilities of endoscopic technology have increased the number of ... | vocal fold injection is a procedure that has over a 100 year history but was rarely done as short as 20 years ago .
a renaissance has occurred with respect to vocal fold injection due to new technologies ( visualization and materials ) and new injection approaches .
awake , un - sedated vocal fold injection offers ... |
however , thyroid nodules in children are only found in 3.7% of healthy children aged 1118 years old . compared to adults , these nodules
have an increased risk of being malignant ( 16% in children versus 5% in adults ) [ 46 ] .
thyroid cancer in children is also unusual in that it often presents with advanced dise... | thyroid nodules in children are uncommon but often present an increased risk of malignancy in comparison to their adult counterpart .
multiple diagnostic modalities are frequently employed to characterize these nodules including ultrasound , radionuclide scans , fine needle aspiration ( fna ) , thyroid function tests... |
discovered by berzelius in 1817 , selenium ( se ) belongs to the 16 group ( formerly group 6a ) in the periodic table , together with oxygen , sulfur , tellurium , and polonium ( nogueira and rocha 2011 ) .
initially , se was considered only as a toxic element , but for several decades it has been known as an essenti... | the most commonly used methods for assessing the selenium ( se ) status in humans involve analysis of se concentration , selenoprotein activity , and concentration in the blood and its compartments .
recently , it has been suggested that the expression of selenoprotein mrna in circulating blood leukocytes could diffe... |
fracture healing of bone is a complex process affected by systemic , biological and mechanical factors , the combination of which can lead to successful and complete repair of a fracture , or deficiencies of which can cause delayed healing or even non - union .
angiogenesis is an important early phase of fracture hea... | vascularity of the soft tissues around a bone fracture is critical for successful healing , particularly when the vessels in the medullary canal are ruptured .
the objective of this work was to use laser doppler and micro - computer tomography ( micro - ct ) scanning to characterise neovascularisation of the soft tis... |
consistent with estimates throughout developed countries , the australian survey of disability , ageing and carers estimates that ~3% of the population has an intellectual disability , and for one third of that group that disability arose in childhood . of this group who identify in the survey as having intellectual di... | aims and method . the developmental disability database in the department of rehabilitation medicine at a metropolitan hospital
was audited for observations on adults with intellectual disability living in the local region ( total population 180,000 ) who were seen in an identified multidisciplinary specialist clin... |
meningiomas account for approximately 30% of all primary intracranial tumors , and the majority are benign .
the growth rate is variable in these tumors , and after radiographic diagnosis a large proportion of meningiomas frequently plateau in size and either stop growing or grow very slowly.1 asymptomatic solitary m... | background regression of meningioma has been reported after hemorrhage or hormonal withdrawal . here ,
we report a case of an incidentally diagnosed meningioma that regressed in association with 1-adrenoceptor antagonist .
case report a 59-year old male patient with an incidentally diagnosed lateral sphenoid wing... |
the female genital and urinary tracts are anatomically closely related ; therefore , the potential for injury to one must always be considered when operating on the other . owing to improvements in gynecological and obstetric techniques that help to prevent urinary tract injury and an emphasis on immediate recognition ... | purposeurologic injuries occur frequently during surgery in the pelvic cavity .
inadequate diagnosis and treatment may lead to severe complications and side effects .
this investigation examined the clinical features of urologic complications following obstetric and gynecologic surgery.materials and methodswe accum... |
sorcin ( soluble resistance - related calcium binding protein ) is a 21.6 kda protein identified in the cytosol of multidrug resistant cells that belongs to the penta - ef - hand ( pef ) family , a small group of regulatory calcium binding proteins comprising calpain , alg-2 , grancalcin , peflin and pef1 [ 38 ] .
... | sorcin is a penta - ef - hand protein that interacts with intracellular target proteins after ca2 + binding .
the sarcolemmal na+/ca2 + exchanger ( ncx1 ) may be an important sorcin target in cardiac muscle . in this study , rnai knockdown of sorcin ,
purified sorcin or sorcin variants was employed in parallel meas... |
ovarian cancer is the
fifth leading cause of cancer - related mortality
of women in the u.s . , with over 15 000 deaths per year .
early diagnosis is associated with improved overall
survival ; however , the majority of patients
are currently diagnosed with advanced disease .
the 5 year survival
rate for... | sera
from patients with ovarian cancer contain autoantibodies ( aab )
to tumor - derived proteins that are potential biomarkers for early
detection . to detect aab , we probed high - density programmable protein
microarrays ( nappa ) expressing 5177 candidate tumor antigens with
sera from patients with serous... |
invasive cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide , and rates are still increasing , due to ageing and changes in lifestyle .
cancer is a collective term for many diseases , rather than a single disease , with the common characteristic that tissue growth goes haywire .
patients who have undergone cance... | physiological as well as pathological blood vessel formation are fundamentally dependent on cell - matrix interaction .
integrins , a family of major cell adhesion receptors , play a pivotal role in development , maintenance , and remodeling of the vasculature .
cell migration , invasion , and remodeling of the ext... |
granulocytic sarcoma or extramedullary myeloid tumor ( emmt ) is an uncommon neoplasm of immature hematopoetic cells .
these tumors are reported in 3.1 - 9.1% of patients with myeloblastic leukemia and occur concomitantly with , after , or rarely before the onset of leukemia .
we report a case with multiple tumors ... | granulocytic sarcomas or extramedullary myeloid tumors represent the soft tissue counterpart of acute myeloid leukemia . the term is used for any solid collection of leukemic cells .
there have been reports of these tumors occurring before the involvement of blood or bone marrow .
our patient had simultaneous invol... |
alopecia areata can affect any hair - bearing area . it is a lymphocyte cell - mediated inflammatory type of hair loss , although the exact pathogenesis is unclear .
phenol , also known as carbolic acid , is well known as an antiseptic agent .
it is a bactericide ( > 1% ) , fungicide ( > 1.3% ) , and a local anaest... | phenol is an aromatic hydrocarbon derived from coal tar or manufactured from monochlorobenzene .
alopecia areata is a common non scarring autoimmune condition characterised by patchy loss of hair without atrophy .
various treatment modalities have been proposed and used for the treatment of alopecia areata , which ... |
headache is one of the most common complaints during medical curriculum and it occurs due to numerous psychological and physical stressors , which are more common in medical students than general population .
frequent and severe headache have a major impact on academic performance and quality of life , and may bring ... | background : headache is one of the most common complaints during medical curriculum and it occurs due to numerous psychological and physical stressors , which are more common in medical students than general population . the purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of different types of headache and associa... |
the diagnosis of occult gastrointestinal bleeding of obscure origin is one of the most vexing problems confronting physicians . despite impressive technological advances during the last 30 years
, the management of bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge .
altho... | the authors report a case of a 29-year - old male patient with a severe lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage in whom a successful laparoscopic diagnosis and resection ( assisted ) of an ileal gastrointestinal stromal tumor ( gist ) was performed .
laparoscopy can be very useful in the diagnosis and treatment of selected... |
retinal vein occlusion ( rvo ) is a multifactorial microvascular vitreoretinal eye disease , with complex mechanical , hemodynamic , and rheological shear stress , coagulation , as well as biochemical and immunological factors involved in its pathogenesis . regarding the pathogenesis of rvo , various proinflammatory cy... | purposepathological vascular differentiation in retinal vein occlusion ( rvo)-related neovessel formation remains poorly characterized .
the role of intraocular lymphatic - like differentiation or endothelial progenitor cell activity has not been studied in this disease.methodsvitrectomy was performed in an eye with ... |
selective logging is the dominant commercial activity in forested areas of the tropics with strong conservation potential ( frumhoff , 1995 ; struhsaker , 1997 ) .
this potential is arguably strongest in central africa , where a combination of weak communications and infrastructure , lack of logistics systems , and h... | many studies have examined the long - term effects of selective logging on the abundance and diversity of free - ranging primates .
logging is known to reduce the abundance of some primate species through associated hunting and the loss of food trees for frugivores ; however , the potential role of pathogens in such ... |
conventional biomedicine is giving way to an expanded , integrative medical model that emphasizes healthcare as well as illness care , treats people not just diseases , and incorporates multiple therapeutic approaches , old and new , to offer patients greater choice .
this emerging model questions the dominant biomed... | biofield science is an emerging field of study that aims to provide a scientific foundation for understanding the complex homeodynamic regulation of living systems . by furthering our scientific knowledge of the biofield
, we arrive at a better understanding of the foundations of biology as well as the phenomena that... |
the negative health outcomes of obesity , including elevated mortality risk , are widely documented and accepted ( 13 ) . however , numerous studies in free - living populations ( 4 ) and individuals with chronic disease , including chronic kidney disease ( 5 ) , heart failure ( 6 ) , and cancer ( 7 ) , reported that o... | objectivestudies in type 2 diabetes report both increased mortality for normal weight and no evidence of an obesity paradox .
we aimed to examine whether adipose tissue , muscle size , and physical function , which are known to vary by weight , mediate associations between bmi and mortality.research design and method... |
psoriasis is a chronic genetically determined and immunomediated inflammatory skin disease that affect approximately 2% of the population . in its typical form ,
psoriasis results in patches of thick , red skin covered with silvery scales.1 psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory rheumatic joint disease associated wit... | objective : to evaluate the utility of entheseal ultrasonography and serum comp in the preclinical diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis.methods:60 psoriatic patients were divided into : 30 patients with psoriasis ( group i ) and 30 patients with psoriatic arthritis as control ( group ii ) .
they underwent independent cli... |
the rna molecule , once perceived as a passive carrier of genetic material from dna , has long been shown to possess an active role that is reminiscent to proteins . moreover , in the past several years , new discoveries have demonstrated the peculiar possibilities of an rna molecule to control fundamental processes in... | rna mutational analysis at the secondary - structure level can be useful to a wide - range of biological applications .
it can be used to predict an optimal site for performing a nucleotide mutation at the single molecular level , as well as to analyze basic phenomena at the systems level . for the former , as more s... |
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) is a pathological condition that encompasses a wide spectrum of liver damage , ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ( nash ) , cirrhosis , and hepatocellular carcinoma .
the pathogenesis of nafld is multifactorial and is characterized by overweight a... | aim . to investigate bone metabolic characteristics in chinese adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) . methods .
a total of 224 patients ( 99 males and 125 postmenopausal females ) were recruited and divided into 4 groups : males without nafld , males with nafld , females without nafld , and females ... |
nuts are rich in unsaturated fats , fibre , minerals , vitamins , and phytonutrients [ 15 ] .
regular consumption of nuts has been associated with reductions in blood cholesterol concentrations and the risk of cvd [ 611 ] .
however , nuts are energy - dense , high - fat foods , meaning that they contain hig... | previous studies have reported that regular nut consumption reduces cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) risk and does not promote weight gain despite the fact that nuts are energy - dense .
however , no studies have investigated the body composition of those regularly consuming nuts compared to similar intakes of other sn... |
gender differences has been observed in hypertentension , cardiovascular and kidney diseases . over activity of rennin angiotensin system ( ras )
the ras has an important role in the control of body fluid , electrolyte balance and arterial pressure .
estrogen activates the synthesis of the rennin substrate angioten... | background : renin - angiotensin system activity is gender related .
the vasodilatory response of angiotensin ii ( angii ) angiotensin type 2 receptor ( at2r ) may involve nitric oxide ( no ) production .
we attempted to find the role of at2r on no formation response to angii administration in ovariectomised rats t... |
catalysis at the nanoscale has attracted
significant attention
in the past two decades due to the unique properties of materials
that arise at the nanoscale . following
the discovery by valden et al .
of catalytically
active gold nanoclusters , gold , in particular , has become the basis
for novel catalys... | we
demonstrate that the reduction of p - nitrophenol
to p - aminophenol by nabh4 is catalyzed
by both monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles ( nps ) .
we also demonstrate
a straightforward and precise method for the synthesis of bimetallic
nanoparticles using poly(amido)amine dendrimers .
the resulting... |
recurrent abdominal pain ( rap ) is common among children , leading to absence from school and impaired quality of life .
a recent systemic review , including studies with a variety of definitions for rap , found a prevalence as high as 19% in children .
the rome iii diagnostic criteria established a uniform method... | functional gastrointestinal disorders ( fgids ) are a common problem in pediatric patients and can affect quality of life . however , the extent of these disorders may vary in different subpopulations of children .
this study investigated the prevalence of fgids in an inner - city primary care practice .
healthy pa... |
skeletal muscles are innervated by sensory neurons that provide the central nervous system with important information about the muscle environment .
muscle spindles are highly specialized encapsulated structures composed of intrafusal muscle fibers that are located in parallel with extrafusal muscle fibers .
spindl... | muscle sensory neurons innervating muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs encode length and force changes essential to proprioception .
additional afferent fibers monitor other characteristics of the muscle environment , including metabolite buildup , temperature , and nociceptive stimuli .
overall , abnormal acti... |
the human growth hormone ( hgh ) is a ~22 kda polypeptide synthesized and stored by somatotroph cells within the anterior pituitary gland .
it acts either directly or indirectly on various tissues and physiological systems such as longitudinal bone , skeletal muscle , liver , total body nitrogen balance , and so on .... | the human growth hormone ( hgh ) has been expressed in prokaryotic expression system with low bioactivity previously . then the effective b. mori baculovirus system was employed to express hgh identical to mature hgh successfully in larvae , but the expression level was still limited . in this work , the hgh was expres... |
ectodermal dysplasia ( ed ) are group of inherited disorders involving the developmental defects of ectodermal structure with an incidence of 1 in 1,00,000 live births .
this group of inheritable disorders are characterized by an abnormality of two or more structures derived from ectoderm such as the hair , teeth , n... | ectodermal dysplasia are group of inherited disorders involving the developmental defects of ectodermal structures like hair , teeth , nails , sweat glands , and others .
x - linked recessive inheritance is most common . here
we describe perinatal autopsy findings in a case of de novo ectodermal dysplasia in a fema... |
zolpidem , a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic which binds to the benzodiazepine binding site on the gamma - aminobutyric acid type a ( gaba - a ) receptors , was introduced in europe in 1986 , then in france in 1987 ( stilnox ) and in united stated of america ( usa ) in 1993 for treatment of insomnia .
metabolism of zolpid... | zolpidem , a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic , binds to the benzodiazepine binding site on the gamma - aminobutyric acid type a ( gaba - a ) receptors .
many studies have reported efficacy and safety of zolpidem in treatment of insomnia , low abuse , and dependence capability .
however , many cases of zolpidem abuse and... |
b - cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( cll ) is the most common adult leukemia in the western world .
cll cells express 1 or more b cell associated antigens , generally cd19 , cd20 and cd23 with coexpression of cd5 , a t cell marker [ 1 , 2 ] .
fluorescent in situ hybridization ( fish ) for specific karyotypic mar... | gene expression profiling ( gep ) of 8 stage 0/i untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( cll ) patients showed over - expression of frizzled 3 ( fzd3)/ror-1 receptor tyrosine kinase ( rtk ) , flt-3 rtk and cxcr3 g - protein coupled receptor ( gpcr ) .
rt - pcr of 24 genes in 21 patients of the wnt pathway corroborat... |
an adrenal incidentaloma ( ai ) is defined as an adrenal lesion that is discovered when a radiological study is performed for indications other than suspected adrenal disease .
all patients with an ai should be evaluated for hypercortisolism , pheochromocytoma and ( if hypertensive ) hyperaldosteronism .
a combinat... | adrenal incidentalomas ( ais ) are a cluster of different pathologies , but ais with dual functional aspects are very rare .
we report a case of ai with the evidence of both pheochromocytoma and sub - clinical cushing 's syndrome . a 42-year - old female patient presented with the history of abdominal pain .
abdomi... |
an arterio - venous malformation ( avm ) is an abnormal fistulous connection between the feeding arteries and draining veins , without an intervening capillary bed within the subcutaneous layer .
its management is difficult because of its complex vascular anatomy , high - shunt flow ( in high - flow avm ) , intracran... | aims : scalp arterio - venous malformation ( avm ) and scalp venous malformation ( svm ) are rare conditions that usually need surgical treatment . here ,
we have reported our experience of the surgical management of such lesions with a short review of the literature.materials and methods : in this prospective study ... |
spontaneous rupture of the rectum is a rare occurrence with less than seventy cases being reported in literature .
this has to be differentiated from rectal perforations which occur due to underlying pathology or direct rectal trauma .
a spontaneous rupture of the rectum is defined as a rectal perforation in the ab... | spontaneous rupture of the rectum is a rare occurrence . a total laparoscopic approach to rectal perforation
has only occasionally been reported .
we report an unusual case of a young boy who developed a spontaneous rupture of the rectum following a trivial fall . a magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tear in the... |
using two independent analyses , it is demonstrated that natural ( e.g. , estradiol ) and some xenoestrogens ( e.g. , methoxychlor metabolite ) are characterized by a lipophilic region that is absent in nonestrogens as well as in phytoestrogens .
it is suggested that this lipophilic region affects binding to specific... | |
( see related articles by basile and lomonte . a neglected issue in dialysis practice : haemodialysate . | in two recent ckj reviews , experts ( basile and lomonte and locatelli et al . )
have reviewed haemodialysate composition . a long - neglected issue ,
observational studies have associated the composition of haemodialysate to adverse outcomes .
however , the scarcity of clinical trial - derived information result... |
the cultivation of the apple ( malus domestica ) for human consumption dates back centuries , and apples are now estimated to be the third most commonly consumed fruit , after bananas and citrus .
epidemiological studies have related the ingestion of one apple or more a day to the prevention of pulmonary and colon ca... | this study was designed to examine the effects of lyophilized red delicious apple peel ( rdp ) on the action potentials ( aps ) and the input resistance - threshold current relationship .
the experiments were performed on isolated papillary heart muscles from healthy male rats , healthy male rats treated with rdp , d... |
human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) infection is a major public health challenge in europe .
nearly 29,381 new diagnoses of hiv are reported yearly for european countries and the european economic area member states , with a rate of 5.8 diagnoses per 100,000 inhabitants.1 in italy , an incidence of 6.5 new diagnoses... | backgroundhighly active antiretroviral therapy ( haart ) has reduced morbidity and mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) .
studies have documented high interindividual variability in the pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs , which may impair the success of haart if not managed ... |
a multidisciplinary group developed the strega statement by using literature review , workshop presentations and discussion , and iterative electronic correspondence after the workshop .
thirty - three of 74 invitees participated in the strega workshop in ottawa , ontario , canada , in june , 2006 .
participants in... | making sense of rapidly evolving evidence on genetic associations is crucial to making genuine advances in human genomics and the eventual integration of this information in the practice of medicine and public health .
assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of this evidence , and hence the ability to synthesize i... |
a benefit of lifetime methods
is that they are independent of dye concentration ; however , they often
require specialized and more costly instrumentation .
intensity - based methods are compatible with common fluorescence
detection techniques , even standard digital cameras , but they often require calibration... | luminescent materials are important
for imaging and sensing .
aromatic
difluoroboron -diketonate complexes ( bf2bdks ) are
classic fluorescent molecules that have been explored as photochemical
reagents , two - photon dyes , and oxygen sensors
. a series of bf2bdks with naphthyl and phenyl groups was synthe... |
hip or knee dislocations are usually treated as a surgical emergency , but ipsilateral hip and knee dislocation should be considered a dual emergency that must be addressed immediately and reduced at the earliest .
we present here the sequence of events and the final functional outcome of one such rare injury manages... | introduction : hip or knee dislocations are usually treated as a surgical emergency , but ipsilateral hip and knee dislocation should be considered a dual emergency that must be addressed immediately and reduced at the earliest .
we present here the sequence of events and the final functional outcome of one such rare... |
acute kidney injury ( aki ) is a common complication after cardiac surgery , with reported incidences between 8.9% and 39% as well as mortality of 3.8% to 54.4% , and even slight renal function changes were reported to affect short and longterm outcome after cardiac surgery.1 , 2 , 3 because early prediction in those p... | backgroundcardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury ( csaaki ) is a common complication with a poor prognosis . in order to identify modifiable perioperative risk factors for aki ,
which existing risk scores are insufficient to predict , a dynamic clinical risk score to allow clinicians to estimate the risk of ... |
between january 2006 and december 2009 , a total of 50 consecutive patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in a randomized controlled trial ( fig . 1 ) .
fully edentulous patients , referred to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery ( university medical center groningen , the netherlands )... | abstractobjectiveto compare a four and siximplant maxillary overdenture after an observation period of 5 years.material and methodsfifty subjects with functional problems concerning their maxillary denture , who had ample bone volume in the anterior region to place four or six implants , were included and randomly ass... |
n - acetylaspartate ( naa ) is considered to be the marker of neuron dysfunction and/or loss.13 akin to the level of creatine ( cr ) plus phosphocreatine and some other brain metabolites , the naa level can be determined using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( h mrs ) . upon the cessation of an adverse i... | purposeto investigate the correlates of a clinical therapeutic response by using the parameters measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy after the administration of atypical antipsychotics.patients and methodstwenty - five antipsychotic - nave first - episode patients with schizophrenia were monitored for 12 ... |
local excision ( le ) techniques for rectal cancer are appealing due to their lower perioperative morbidity and mortality rates and better functional outcomes compared with standard transabdominal resection .
however , le with curative intent is currently recommended for strictly selected t1 rectal cancers with favor... | purposeto evaluate the treatment outcomes of local excision following preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who have not undergone radical surgery for any reason.materials and methodsthe data of 27 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradi... |
internal limiting membrane ( ilm ) , the basement membrane of retinal mller cells , is the structural interface between the vitreous and retina .
histologically , ilm tissues isolated from patients with macular holes ( mhs ) revealed amorphous linear structure in which glial cells , hyalocytes , and myofibroblast - l... | purposethe aims of this study were to analyze optical coherence tomography ( oct ) imaging of large macular holes ( mhs ) treated with inverted internal limiting membrane ( ilm ) flap technique and to perform a histological examination of an ilm - like membrane tissue obtained during vitrectomy.patients and methodsthis... |
kikuchi fujimoto disease ( kfd ) , or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis , is an infrequent idiopathic disorder.1 it is usually a self - limited condition with a good prognosis because it has a low complication rate.2 it mainly affects young women.3 the most common clinical symptoms are fever and laboratory finding... | kikuchi fujimoto disease , or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis , is an infrequent idiopathic disorder .
it has been associated with autoimmune disorders , of which systemic lupus erythematosus is the most outstanding .
the basis of its diagnosis relies on the histological examination of lymph nodes , which ty... |
there is rising incidence of noncommunicable diseases like diabetes , hypertension , and coronary heart diseases globally [ 13 ] .
increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance , insulin resistance , and type 2 diabetes ( t2 dm ) has been found to be associated with obesity in adolescents .
the american academy of p... | background . over the past two decades
there has been an increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) in children .
baseline data is needed to assess the impact of changing lifestyles on ado - ekiti , a previously semiurban community in southwest nigeria .
this study was therefore conducted to assess the fastin... |
iran , a country with a population of about 75 millions , is one of the most populated countries of the middle east . due to substantial investments by the government of iran on health care system in past decades
iran ministry of health ( moh ) is the responsible body for providing and regulating health care services... | despite importance of blood transfusion services as life saving procedures , some countries are unable to meet their national requirements for blood and blood components in a timely manner . since establishment of iran blood transfusion organization ( ibto ) in 1974 as an integral part of national health system
, ira... |
classically , copd is defined as chronic progressive airflow limitation that is
partially reversible and causes significant extrapulmonary effects , culminating in a
reduction in the functional capacity , social interaction , and well - being of the
patients , negatively affecting their health - related quality o... | objective : to validate a portuguese - language version of the copd assessment test ( cat )
for use in brazil and to assess the reproducibility of this version .
methods : this was multicenter study involving patients with stable copd at two
teaching hospitals in the city of fortaleza , brazil .
two independent... |
a 2-year - old female grauer s gorilla , confiscated from poachers in goma , democratic republic of the congo , in november 2005 , was group - housed in a facility with 6 other juvenile grauer s gorillas and 1 juvenile mountain gorilla ( g.b .
all gorillas had daily direct contact with one another and with human care... | in 2007 , we detected human herpes simplex virus type 1 , which caused stomatitis , in a juvenile confiscated eastern lowland gorilla ( gorilla beringei graueri ) that had a high degree of direct contact with human caretakers .
our findings confirm that pathogens can transfer between nonhuman primate hosts and humans... |
every government has the responsibility to provide access to the safe , effective and quality medication to its people .
therefore it enacts specific laws to regulate every aspect of the drugs i.e. , manufacture , sale , distribution , import and clinical research in humans .
these regulatory measures are dynamic a... | the central drugs standard control organisation and its chairman drug controller general of india are bequeathed to protect the citizens from the marketing of unsafe medication .
the startling findings , of the 59threport of the parliamentary standing committee on health and family welfare , have uncovered the lax st... |
endocardial fibroelastosis ( efe ) is a disorder of fetuses and infants of unclear etiology that is characterized by deposition of collagen and elastin , and that leads to ventricular hypertrophy and diffuse endocardial thickening.1 ) however , a recent study has shown that even in adult heart recipients , efe is a rel... | endocardial fibroelastosis ( efe ) is characterized by deposition of collagen and elastin leading to ventricular hypertrophy and diffuse endocardial thickening . here
we report ( for the first time in korea ) the case of a efe presenting with heart failure .
the patient was a 57-year - old woman who had complained ... |
plasma cell gingivitis ( pgc ) is a rare disease of gingival tissues which is difficult to treat .
it has a higher rate of reoccurrence and needs a detailed and careful analysis of etiology .
further , its association with chelitis is rare , only few cases have been reported and the condition with this presentation... | backgroundplasma cell gingivitis ( pgc ) is a rare disease of gingival tissues which is difficult to treat .
it has a higher rate of reoccurrence and needs a detailed and careful analysis of etiology .
further , its association with chelitis is rare , only few cases have been reported and the condition with this pr... |
the incidence of liver injury is continuously rising due to increase in the incidence of road traffic accidents usually as a part of poly - trauma .
mortality of liver trauma has considerably decreased due to improvement in the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of such patients with current mortality fluctuating ar... | aim : there has been a steep rise in incidence of liver injury in the past few years because of increase in incidence of road traffic accidents . the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of non - operative management of liver injury due to blunt abdominal trauma.materials and methods : all patients with liver inj... |
according to the recently published guidelines for the treatment of head and neck cancer all patients with t1-t2 laryngeal cancer should be treated , at least initially , with the intent of larynx preservation .
the recommended strategies for early glottic cancer ( gc ) with the intent of larynx preservation are radi... | abstractthe purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute and late toxicity as well as local control ( lc ) in t1 glottic cancer ( gc ) patients treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy ( rt ) in clinical practice .
the tokai study group for therapeutic radiology and oncology started rt treatment with a dose of 2... |
the growth of keratinocytes in the epidermis is regulated by a delicate balance between molecules that control cell survival and cell death .
if this regulation is disturbed , epithelial cells may become pathological hyperproliferative lesions , such as cholesteatoma .
the molecular and cellular processes resulting... | the tumor suppressor cyld is a deubiquitinating enzyme that inhibits activation of the nf-b , which has key roles in inflammation and apoptosis .
we hypothesized that cyld may regulate the nf-b signaling pathway in cholesteatoma .
we conducted immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of cyld and nf-b in 16 ca... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s11626 - 008 - 9162 - 5 ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
pbx1 is a tale ( three amino acid loop extension ) family non - hox homeodomain transcription factor involved in the execution of multiple developmental programs of gen... | experimentation with pbx1 knockout mice has shown that pbx1 is necessary for early embryogenesis . despite broad insight into pbx1 function ,
little is known about the underlying target gene regulation . utilizing the cre loxp system , we targeted a functionally important part of the homeodomain of pbx1 through homo... |
erythropoietin ( epo ) and other erythropoiesis stimulating agents ( esas ) are the main stay for the treatment of anaemia of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) .
the main limitation of epo use in developing countries is cost , making it unavailable to most patients [ 1 , 2 ] .
androgens which are relatively cheap were... | androgens which are relatively cheap were used in the treatment of anaemia in dialysis patients before the advent of erythropoietin ( epo )
. however , there are concerns about their efficacy and side effects . aims . to examine the efficacy and harms of androgens for the treatment of anaemia of chronic kidney diseas... |
congestive heart failure ( chf ) remains a major health problem worldwide , despite considerable progress in its management .
the incidence and prevalence of this disease continues to increase due to an aging population , which , in part , is related to the use of new pharmacologic and non pharmacologic therapies .
... | objective : the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of cardiac resyncronization therapy ( crt ) on qt dispersion ( qtd ) , jt dispersion ( jtd ) and transmural dispersion of re - polarization ( tdr ) , markers of heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization in a study population with severe heart failure.methods... |
human ability to independently move the upper extremity is the result of the combined
movement of many musculoskeletal structures and of the increased freedom of movement allowed
by the necessary decreased stability1 , 2 .
the shoulder girdle is the main link of the
upper extremity to the trunk , and it plays a... | [ purpose ] the appropriate exercise prescription is crucial for achieving scapular
stability and providing successful rehabilitation , and the push - up plus ( pup ) exercise has
an important role in shoulder rehabilitation .
consequently , this study examined the effect
of support surface stability , hand pos... |
digoxin is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions , namely artial fibrillation , artial flutter and sometimes heart failure that can not be controlled by other medication ( chao et al . , 1992 ) .
several epidemiological studies indicated that breast cancer cells obtained from women on digitalis the... | digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that has been reported to inhibit growth of multiple tumor cell types in vitro .
the present study was assessing the cytogenetic effects of this drug on chinese hamster ovary ( cho ) cells .
all experiments were performed in triplicate .
the ic50 was 22.5 0.8 g / ml . to investigat... |
single excitation configuration interaction ( cis),(1 ) time - dependent hartree fock ( tdhf ) , and linear response time - dependent density functional theory ( tddft ) are widely used for ab initio calculations of electronic excited states of large molecules ( more than 50 atoms , thousands of basis functions ) beca... | excited - state calculations are implemented in a development version of the gpu - based terachem software package using the configuration interaction singles ( cis ) and adiabatic linear response tamm
dancoff time - dependent density functional theory ( tda - tddft ) methods .
the speedup of the cis and tddft meth... |
research in the authors laboratory is supported by funding from the association for international cancer research , the associazione italiana ricerca sul cancro , fondazione cariplo , fondazione telethon , and the italian ministry of health . | the neural adhesion molecule l1 is involved in development and plasticity of the nervous system .
we recently reported aberrant expression of l1 in the vasculature of various human tumor types .
genetic and functional inactivation of endothelial l1 in a mouse tumor model resulted in decreased tumor angiogenesis and... |
prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men and the second leading cause of cancer- related death in men in the united states .
most prostate cancers ( 93% ) are found when the disease is confined to the prostate and nearby organs , is indolent , and has a good prognosis .
however , the 5-year surviv... | abstractmetastatic prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer - related death in men .
the primary site of metastasis from prostate cancers is the bone . during the last decade ,
multiple studies have pointed to the role of the stromal cell - derived factor 1 alpha ( sdf1)/cxcr4 axis in the metastatic s... |
calcium hydroxide has been widely accepted as the most frequently used intra - canal medicament owning to its antimicrobial properties , inhibition of osteoclast activities and favorable tissue repair response . all interappointment dressing placed inside the root canal
have shown that remnant calcium hydroxide hinde... | background : different techniques have been introduced to improve removing the calcium hydroxide intra - canal dressing . the purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of passive ultrasonic irrigation ( pui ) and rinsendo system in the removal of calcium hydroxide from root canal system.materials and methods ... |
oral health is an essential and vital component of overall health and is much more than just healthy teeth . despite adequate advancements in global oral health , problems still persist in many communities around the world , particularly among the underprivileged .
however , the dietary changes in the 18 century , pr... | aims and objectives : india has an assortment of tribal population living in isolated pockets , and the santhals are numerically predominant in jharkhand .
this study was aimed at assessing the oral health status and treatment needs of santhals residing in dhanbad , jharkhand.materials and methods : a cross - section... |
down s syndrome ( ds ) or trisomy 21 is the most common form of intellectual disability with an overall prevalence of 1.42/1000 that increases significantly with maternal age ( bray et al . , 1998 ) .
immunological abnormalities like functional impairments in fagocytes with low chemotactic ability as well as the depr... | summaryin persons with down s syndrome ( ds ) immunological abnormalities as well as hypothyroidism and alzheimer type dementia are frequently observed .
in addition , the activity of the enzyme cystathionine beta - synthase ( cbs ) is over - expressed which results in an altered homocysteine metabolism.in the presen... |
generally , the majority of patients with acute ischemic stroke ( ais ) tends to improve about 23 days after symptom onset .
however , 5% to 40% patients have a chance of neurologic deterioration , so - called early neurological deterioration ( end ) , regardless of the definition used end27 ) .
major causes of end... | objectiveearly progressive infarction ( epi ) is frequently observed and related to poor functional outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery ( mca ) infarction caused by mca occlusion .
we evaluated the perfusion parameters of magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) as a predictor of epi.methodswe retrospectively a... |
an 86-year - old filipino man presented to the emergency room for dyspnea at rest .
his shortness of breath had worsened over the previous 2 days , and was associated with substernal dull chest pain and hemoptysis .
patient also reported a decrease in urine output and bilateral ankle swelling that had been worsenin... | over the last decades , post - infectious glomerulonephritis underwent major changes in its epidemiology , pathophysiology , and outcomes .
we are reporting a case of iga - dominant post - infectious glomerulonephritis ( iga - pign ) presenting as a fatal pulmonary - renal syndrome .
an 86-year - old filipino man p... |
research has previously demonstrated an inverse association between smoking status and physical activity ( pa ) .
less research , however , has examined the specific association between nicotine dependence and pa , which is worth considering as individuals with greater nicotine dependence often have worse health outc... | background : research has previously demonstrated an inverse association between smoking status and physical activity ; however , few studies have examined the association between nicotine dependence and physical activity or sedentary behavior.aim:this study examined the association between nicotine dependence and acce... |
polymorphonuclear leukocytes ( pmns ) play an important role in host defense against microbial infections .
the microbicidal mechanism consists of phagocytosis of pathogens , production and subsequent release of reactive oxygen species ( ros ) and bactericidal proteins to phagosomes .
the process involves activatio... | myristic acid ( mya ) , which is a saturated fatty acid ( c14:0 ) and a side chain of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate ( pma ) , was examined if mya stimulates human polymorphonuclear leukocytes ( pmns ) to release oxygen radicals comparable to pma by applying electron paramagnetic resonance ( epr)-spin - trapping metho... |
proton pump inhibitors ( ppis ) , which irreversibly inhibit gastric acid pump ( h + /k + atpase ) function are the most potent gastric acid - suppressing agents in clinical use .
ppis are widely used for prevention and treatment of various acid - related diseases including gastrointestinal reflux disease ( gerd ) ... | introduction and objectivepolymorphisms in genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes may lead to varied enzyme activity and inter - individual variability in drug efficacy and/or toxicity . since cyp2c19 and cyp3a4 genes code for enzymes involved in metabolizing wide variety of drugs including proton pump inhibitors
,... |
leptomeningeal carcinomatosis results from dissemination of malignant cells to leptomeninges and can be observed in about 5% of patients with malignancies , but it is likely to become more frequent with the increase of life expectancy in cancer patients .
neoplastic cells may spread to the subarachnoid space through ... | introduction .
leptomeningeal carcinomatosis occurs in about 5% of cancer patients .
ocular involvement is a common clinical manifestation and often the presenting clinical feature .
materials and methods .
we report the case of a 52-year old lady with optic neuritis as isolated manifestation of neoplastic meni... |
the
epidermal growth factor receptor ( egfr ) tyrosine kinase is
implicated in a large number of human cancers .
most egfr inhibitors
target the extracellular , growth factor - binding domain or the intracellular ,
atp - binding domain . here
we describe molecules that inhibit the kinase
activity of egfr ... | |
many post - zygotic reproductive barrier forms have been reported in plants : hybrid weakness , hybrid necrosis , and hybrid chlorosis . the latter has been observed often in the f1 generation from crosses among wheat ( triticum aestivum l. ) and its relatives [ 26 ] .
research for distribution of these genes contrib... | many postzygotic reproductive barrier forms have been reported in plants : hybrid weakness , hybrid necrosis , and hybrid chlorosis . in this study ,
linkage analysis of the genes causing hybrid chlorosis in f2 generation in rice , hca1 and hca2 , was performed .
hca1 and hca2 are located respectively on the distal... |
to understand early events leading to the replacement of giii viruses by gi viruses in jev - endemic areas , we conducted virologic surveillance using mosquitoes and pig serum specimens collected from pig farms in multiple counties in taiwan during the 2009 and 2010 transmission seasons .
eight pig farms were selecte... | genotype i of japanese encephalitis virus first appeared in taiwan in 2008 .
phylogenetic analysis of 37 viruses from pig farms in 20092010 classified these viruses into 2 unique subclusters of genotype i viruses and suggested multiple introductions and swift replacement of genotype iii by genotype i virus in taiwan ... |
it is well known that full abo - identical grafts have a statistically significant survival advantage.1 nevertheless , due to the shortage of deceased donor liver grafts , minor abo - incompatible liver transplantations are commonly performed .
minor abo - incompatibility can be described by the presence of anti - a ... | abstractbackground and aims : due to the shortage of donor livers , minor abo - incompatible liver transplantations are commonly performed . together with the allograft , immunocompetent b - lymphocytes , called passenger lymphocytes , are transplanted . in case of minor abo - incompatibility
, these passenger lympho... |
osteoarthritis ( oa ) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degradation , subchondral bone thickening , and osteophyte formation.1 , 2 cartilage cellularity is reduced in oa through chondrocyte death , in which chondrocytes are stimulated by cytokines and growth factors to undergo catabo... | circular rnas ( circrnas ) are involved in the development of various diseases ; however , knowledge on circrnas in osteoarthritis ( oa ) is limited .
this study aims to identify circrna expression in different regions affected by oa and to explore the function of mechanical stress - related circrnas ( circrnas - msr... |
patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases , which are also the most common causes of death in these patients . in type 2
diabetes , the prevalence of hypertension is higher than the general population , and hypertension associated with diabetes increases the incidence of c... | abstractaims / introduction : angiotensin ii type 1 receptor blockers ( arb ) are regarded as firstline treatment for type 2 diabetes with hypertension . however
, lowering blood pressure to the target level often requires more than one antihypertensive agent as recommended by the guideline . in this openlabel ,... |
the median survival rate reported for surgically treated patients with brain metastases from melanoma ranges from 5 to 22 months .
the most significant factor influencing the survival of patients with brain metastases is the number of their cerebral metastases .
surgical treatment of multiple brain metastases is on... | abstracta 41-year - old woman presented with disturbance of consciousness , right hemiparesis , and symptoms of gerstmann syndrome .
she had a history of malignant melanoma resections of an ear mole and her right neck lymph nodes and parotid gland , with subsequent chemotherapy and radiotherapy .
computed tomograph... |
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