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in the previous issue of critical care , williams and colleagues provide an overview of the predominant causes of death in burned pediatric patients in order to develop new treatment avenues and future trajectories . over the past decades
there has been a significant decrease in mortality and morbidity in severe bu... | many advances have been made in the understanding and treatment of burns .
advances in burn surgery and critical care have decreased mortality and morbidity . survival from severe burns
is no longer the exception , but unfortunately death still occurs .
williams and colleagues have determined in their recent pape... |
global expansion of dengue virus ( denv ) has lead to endemicity in several regions , including central and south america.1,2 each year , returning travelers from these and other locations introduce the virus into a largely naive population in the united states.3 with the exception of self - limited chains of local tra... | the extrinsic incubation period is a critical component in the assessment of arboviral transmission potential .
it defines the time it takes for a mosquito to become infectious following exposure to an arbovirus . since this is a temporal process , the lifespan of a mosquito is intimately tied to the extrinsic incuba... |
when peritoneal cavity is opened , in whatever type of surgery , bowel obstruction may develop due to bands or adhesions .
the release of such adhesions results in serosal injury to the bowel and is a potential threat for re - adhesion and obstruction .
use of intraluminal tube stenting of the bowel after release o... | aim : six children with adhesive obstruction in the postoperative period were treated with stenting the small bowel with long intestinal tube.materials and methods : in two children the stenting was done through jejunostomy , and in the other four through the base of appendix.results:during a follow - up period of 2 - ... |
the spine can be involved in most inflammatory disorders encompassing rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , seronegative spondyloarthritides ( spa ) , juvenile arthritides and less frequent disorders such as pustulotic arthro - osteitis and sapho ( synovitis , acne , pustulosis , hyperostosis , osteitis ) syndrome . during the... | spinal involvement is frequent in rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) and seronegative spondyloarthritides ( spa ) , and its diagnosis is important .
thus , mri and ct are increasingly used , although radiography is the recommended initial examination .
the purpose of this review is to present the typical radiographic feat... |
the house dust mites ( hdm ) are major sources of indoor allergens for humans , which induce asthma , rhinitis , dermatitis , and other allergic diseases .
their major allergens ( dermatophagoides pteronyssinus [ der p ] and dermatophagoides farinae [ der f ] ) coexist in most geographical regions with a high proport... | the house dust mites are major sources of indoor allergens for humans , which induce asthma , rhinitis , dermatitis , and other allergic diseases .
der f 25 is a triosephosphate isomerase , representing the major allergen identified in dermatophagoides farinae .
the objective of this study was to predict the b and ... |
takayasu arteritis ( ta ) , also known as aortoarteritis and pulseless disease , is a rare condition .
it is a form of granulomatous arteritis , which affects large- and medium - sized arteries , primarily the aorta and its large branches as well as proximal portions of pulmonary , coronary , and renal arteries .
i... | we report a 16-year - old girl in whom takayasu arteritis ( ta ) was manifested mainly by severe arterial hypertension on her right arm , which was detected during a routine examination at school .
her systolic blood pressure on the right arm was significantly higher than that on the left one .
there was also a pre... |
a 57-year - old patient with a diagnosis of chronic itp for 1 year was referred to our emergency department with complaints of left flank pain and diffuse petechial bleeding all over his body .
a complete blood count revealed thrombocytopenia ( 4,000/mm ) , which led to his admission into the clinics of internal medi... | idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ( itp ) is an immune thrombocytopenia with a usually benign clinical course .
bleedings are mostly of the mucocutaneous type with mild symptoms
. massive bleedings requiring transfusion are rarely seen , unless the number of platelets decreases to extremely low levels . in this c... |
it provides structural support in bone , cartilage , and the basement membrane ; specific association of cells with the ecm also provides contextual information that controls cellular phenotype , including differentiation , proliferation , or apoptosis .
ecm also regulates availability and activity of many signaling ... | extracellular matrix ( ecm ) provides both structural support and contextual information to cells within tissues and organs .
the combination of biochemical and biomechanical signals from the ecm modulates responses to extracellular signals toward differentiation , proliferation , or apoptosis ; alterations in the ec... |
we recently applied a urea in - solution digestion ( uisd ) method to prepare protein from ffpe tissue for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry ( lc - esi - ms / ms ) , providing a more efficient workflow relative to qproteome ffpe tissue kit .
uisd poses several advantages to other preparation techniques :... | urea based protein extraction of formalin - fixed paraffin - embedded ( ffpe ) tissue provides the most efficient workflow for proteomics due to its compatibility with liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry ( lc - esi - ms / ms ) .
this study optimizes the use of urea for proteomic ana... |
according to the world health organization ( who ) , obesity can be defined as the accumulation of body fat in an abnormal and/or excessive manner showing serious health problems . in this scenario ,
overweight and obesity are considered a serious public health problem , and it is therefore a subject of considerable ... | introduction .
infant juvenile obesity is currently a worldwide public health problem and it is increasing at alarming rate in the brazilian population , showing its relevance in terms of public health . objectives .
determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents between 2 and 19 yea... |
for patients with newly diagnosed breast carcinoma , evaluation of the extent of the disease in the breast is of paramount importance in planning appropriate surgical therapy . magnetic resonance imaging ( mri )
plays an ever increasing role in the evaluation of additional areas in the affected breast deemed suspicio... | the role of mri in the management of breast carcinoma is rapidly evolving from its initial use for specific indications only to a more widespread use on all women with newly diagnosed early stage breast cancer .
however , there are many concerns that such widespread use is premature since detailed correlation of mri ... |
electrophysiological studies in animal models have shown that propafenone reduces the maximum rate of rise and the amplitude of the action potential ( 1 ) , and increases the duration of the action potential ( 2 , 3 ) .
furthermore , the drug has been shown to depress the transient outward current ( ito ) in atrial m... | the effects of the antiarrhythmic drug propafenone at c - type kv1.4 channels in xenopus laevis oocytes were studied with the two - electrode voltage - clamp techinique .
defolliculated oocytes ( stage v - vi ) were injected with transcribed crnas of ferret kv1.4n channels . during recording
, oocytes were continuo... |
leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle neoplasm of mesenchymal origin which commonly occurs in the genitourinary system and the gastrointestinal tract of the body but which rarely occurs in the liver [ 1 , 2 ] .
the first case report of primary leiomyoma of the liver was first described in a 42-year - old woman by demel... | context . primary leiomyoma of the liver is a rare tumour with uncertain pathogenesis with similar presentation with other tumours of the liver .
little is known about its clinical course .
objectives . to review the literature for case reports of primary leiomyoma of the liver . methods .
extensive literature se... |
the following mice strains were used : c57bl / j ins2 , which display elevated glucose at 46 weeks of age ; b6 ( c57bl/6 ) ( a gift from dr . s. smith , georgia health sciences university ) and db / db ( bks cg - dock7 m ) , which display elevated glucose at 48 weeks of age ; and blks ( c57blks / j ) ( diabetes and obe... | objectiveskeletal muscle myopathy is a common diabetes complication .
one possible cause of myopathy is myocyte failure to repair contraction - generated plasma membrane injuries . here
, we test the hypothesis that diabetes induces a repair defect in skeletal muscle myocytes.research design and methodsmyocytes in ... |
parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism in children . in adults ,
the incidence is 1 to 5% , but in children , the incidence is not exactly known .
several articles have reported sporadic cases of parathyroid carcinoma occurring in pediatric patients [ 2 - 7 ] .
this patient is t... | parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease in pediatric patients . we present a case of a 13-year - old girl who presented to the thyroid department for an asymptomatic palpable neck mass for 1 year .
the high levels of calcium , ionized calcium , and parathyroid hormone level along with parathyroid scintigraphy studies... |
a 48-year - old man underwent right partial glossectomy with neck dissection for tongue cancer under general anesthesia .
past medical history showed that he had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus ( dm ) for five years and that he is a 30 pack - year smoker . during the five hours of operation , his vital signs we... | myoclonic status epilepticus ( mse ) within the first 24 hours after cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) predicts poor prognosis , enough to discontinue the treatment .
in contrast , chronic mse appearing a few days after cpr is called lance - adams syndrome ( las ) , which is characterized by preserved intellect a... |
neurosyphilis has a special place in the history of neuropsychiatric diseases and the unraveling of the etiology , pathogenesis and control remains one of the instructive lessons in the principles and practice of medicine .
its propensity to affect all social classes is intricately linked to it being a sexually trans... | we report a case of a 46-year - old man presenting with a progressive cognitive decline , ataxic gait , urinary incontinence for 4 months and neuroimaging consistent with normal pressure hydrocephalus .
the atypical presentation of a progressively worsening dysphasia and a right hemiparesis dismissed as a vascular ev... |
microfibrillated cellulose ( mfc ) , which was first developed in the early 1980s , is cellulose produced by high - shear mechanical homogenization ( often of enzymatically hydrolyzed cellulose pulp ) in water,(3 ) as opposed to microcrystalline cellulose ( mcc ) produced by hydrolysis with strong mineral acids to a le... | it is demonstrated that it is possible to coat the individual fibers of wood - based nanocellulose with polypyrrole using in situ chemical polymerization to obtain an electrically conducting continuous high - surface - area composite .
the experimental results indicate that the high surface area of the water disperse... |
giant cell tumor ( gct ) of bone usually occurs in the epiphyses of long bones like the distal femur , proximal tibia , distal radius and proximal humerus1 .
craniofacial bone involvement is rare but has been reported to occur in the mandible , temporal bone , maxilla , occipital and sphenoid23 .
the incidence of g... | giant cell tumor ( gct ) of the craniofacial bones has been reported but they are not common .
this tumor occurs more often in women than in men and predominantly affects patients around the third to fifth decade of life .
gcts are generally benign but can be locally aggressive as well .
we report a case of gct i... |
the clinical evaluation of left ventricular ( lv ) diastolic function has been a difficult challenge .
lv filling and pulmonary venous doppler patterns have been utilized to estimate lv diastolic function , comprising variables as such stiffness , relaxation and even lv filling pressures .
doppler echocardiography ... | assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in the critically ill patient remains a difficult issue in clinical practice . combined use of routine transmitral and pulmonary venous doppler patterns in conjunction with tissue doppler imaging
have been claimed to allow bedside diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction . ... |
recognition of abnormal glycosylation in almost any cancer type has raised great interest in the exploration of the tumor glycome for biomarker discovery [ 13 ] . in this study , we explored potential glycan markers that are overexpressed on the surfaces of breast cancers . a key immunological probe of this investigati... | using carbohydrate microarrays , we explored potential natural ligands of antitumor monoclonal antibody hae3 .
this antibody was raised against a murine mammary tumor antigen but was found to cross - react with a number of human epithelial tumors in tissues .
our carbohydrate microarray analysis reveals that hae3 i... |
exposure of low - passage endothelial cells in culture to nonlethal amounts of asbestos , but not refractory ceramic fiber-1 , increases cell motility and gene expression .
these changes may be initiated by the fibers mimicking matrix proteins as ligands for receptors on the cell surface . in the present study , 1- t... | |
osteoarthritis ( oa ) is the most prevalent disease associated with significant morbidity ,
and it is one of the most common causes of functional limitation and dependency .
knee oa is
particularly disabling because of symptoms such as pain , stiffness , and muscle weakness1 , 2 .
it
causes difficulty in clim... | [ purpose ] the aim of this study was to determine the relationships among the foot
progression angle , foot rotation angle , lower limb alignment , and knee adduction moments
in patients with degenerative knee osteoarthritis ( oa ) . [ subjects ] forty - eight patients
diagnosed with degenerative knee oa ( kellg... |
during the past 2 decades , two noninvasive imaging methods , optical coherence tomography ( oct ) and fundus autofluorescence ( faf ) photography , have become available in routine clinical practice .
these methods provide qualitative and quantitative information about retinal changes that are not only important for... | purposeto describe clinical , optical coherence tomography ( oct ) and fundus autofluorescence ( faf ) findings in patients with intraocular tumors and determine if oct and faf could be helpful in the differential diagnosis and management of different choroidal tumors.methodsforty-nine patients with untreated , macular... |
cystic lesions of the pancreas occasionally present problems in diagnosis and management , especially when found incidentally .
cystic lesions can be broadly classified as follows : congenital true cyst ; primary cystic neoplasms ; acquired cysts , including parasitic cysts and postinflammatory cysts ( pseudocyst , r... | pancreatic endometrial cyst is an extremely rare instance of ectopic endometriosis that was first described by marchevsky in 19841 ) .
a 21-yr - old woman with a history of epigastric pain and weight loss was found to have a cystic lesion in the pancreas on ct - scan . under the tentative diagnosis of a pancreatic cy... |
disease modeling in neuropsychiatric disorders implicates the role of abnormal cellular structure and function , resulting in consequential disturbances in synaptic signaling and discrete neural circuits .
a concatenation of research evidence underscores the role of genetic , epigenetic , as well as environmental pat... | evidence supporting the concurrence of metabolic disturbances ( e.g. insulin resistance , diabetes and obesity ) and neuropsychiatric disorders has been demonstrated in both human and animal studies , suggesting the possibility that they have shared pathophysiological mechanisms . during the past decade , our understan... |
the introduction of dihydroxyphenylalanine ( levodopa ) to the treatment of pd was a major scientific and clinical breakthrough in the treatment of this devastating disease .
second , comes the realization that an understanding of biochemical deficits can provide a clue as to how replacement , therapy could be succes... | parkinson 's disease ( pd ) is a common neurodegenerative disease .
while its cause remains elusive , much progress has been made regarding its treatment .
available drugs have a good symptomatic effect , but none has yet been shown to slow the progression of the disease in humans .
the most efficacious drug is l... |
although stimulus evoked electromyography ( emg ) is commonly used to confirm the accuracy of pedicle screw placement .
there are no studies to differentiate between solid screws and hollow screws to the electrical resistance of pedicle screws .
we speculate that the electrical resistance of the solid and hollow pe... | background : although stimulus evoked electromyography ( emg ) is commonly used to confirm the accuracy of pedicle screw placement .
there are no studies to differentiate between solid screws and hollow screws to the electrical resistance of pedicle screws .
we speculate that the electrical resistance of the solid ... |
prepublication concerns , rumors , and the subsequent publication of two studies that reported the generation of mammalian - transmissible h5n1 virus in the laboratory have launched a passionate dialog among biomedical scientists about biosafety , biosecurity , and bioterrorism , not to mention the social responsibilit... | abstractin mid-1974 , soon after the first recombinant dna molecules were replicated in escherichia coli , scientists called for , and observed , a voluntary moratorium on certain experiments . one goal of the moratorium was to hold a conference ( asilomar ) to evaluate the risks , if any , of this new technology .
... |
dental caries is still a highly prevalent pathology in the worldwide population despite all the traditional and original prevention methods . in spite of dramatic improvement in the caries status of children , dental caries
although fluorides are highly effective in prevention of caries on smooth surfaces , they are ... | objective : long - term retention of pit and fissure sealants is crucial for their success .
this clinical study evaluated the retention rate of a flowable composite resin ( filtek supreme xt flowable restorative ) compared to a conventional resin - based sealant ( concise light cure white sealant ) over 12 months.ma... |
decubital ischemic fasciitis is a rare entity occurring mostly in the elderly and in debilitated patients , in the deep subcutaneous tissue , at pressure points or bony prominences.[14 ] it can simulate a soft - tissue sarcoma clinically and histopathologically.[14 ] imaging helps to rule out malignancies and therefore... | the mri findings in a case of decubital ischemic fasciitis located posterolateral to the right greater trochanter , in a 72-year - old woman , are presented .
decubital ischemic fasciitis is an uncommon entity encountered mostly in debilitated , elderly patients , in the deep subcutaneous tissue , at pressure points ... |
therapeutic lifestyle interventions tlss are recommended as an essential component of the initial and lifelong therapeutic regimen for the majority of individuals with or at risk for type 2 diabetes .
tls interventions consist of dietary and exercise recommendations that promote weight loss in overweight and obese in... | the look action for health in diabetes ahead study was designed as a long - term randomized controlled clinical trial and powered to detect differences in cardiovascular outcomes , the primary cause of early morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes , among subjects randomized to receive an intensive lifestyle interve... |
an acquired dacryocystocele is a diffuse and centrifugal enlargement of the lacrimal sac that forms as a result of obstruction of lacrimal drainage system proximally at the level of the common canaliculus and distally at the level of nasolacrimal duct .
findings associated with dacryocystocele are irreversible fibrot... | purpose .
the aim of this study is to investigate the etiology and the clinical , microbiological , histopathological , and radiological findings of acquired dacryocystoceles . methods . in this retrospective study
, we reviewed the clinical records of 10 eyes of 8 patients with dacryocystoceles who underwent exter... |
this disorder may cause by frequent and prolonged contact of the skin with the urine , stool and moisture , and exacerbated by candidiasis infection and abrasion .
signs and symptoms of this disorder may include erythema , flaking , papules and lesions in the areas such as buttocks , thighs , scrotum , and mons pubis... | background : diaper dermatitis is one of the most common skin disorders of infancy and childhood . the present study aimed to compare the effects of bentonite and calendula on the improvement of diaper dermatitis in infants.materials and methods : a double - blind randomized controlled trial , which was conducted on 60... |
immunometabolism is an emerging field of investigation including immunology and biochemical pathways that govern metabolism
. accelerating interest in this area is being fuelled by increased lifespan and the relatively recent knowledge that aging affects the immune system and promotes inflammation that is associated ... | ageing is characterized by the expansion and the decreased vascularization of visceral adipose tissue ( vat ) , disruption of metabolic activities , and decline of the function of the immune system , leading to chronic inflammatory states .
we previously demonstrated that , in vat of mice at early state of ageing , a... |
remodeling after tooth extraction results in substantial horizontal ( 3 - 4 mm ) and vertical ( 1 - 2 mm ) alveolar bone loss [ 13 ] .
this postextraction alveolar bone loss can compromise or prevent subsequent implant placement , while loss of crestal support compromises the position and appearance of the soft tis... | alveolar ridge preservation ( arp ) has been shown to prevent postextraction bone loss .
the aim of this report is to highlight the clinical , radiographic , and histological outcomes following use of a bilayer xenogeneic collagen matrix ( xcm ) in combination with freeze - dried bone allograft ( fdba ) for arp .
n... |
renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) is representative kidney cancer and has increased annually in the recent 2 decades .
although surgery remains the standard curative treatment for rcc , approximately 30% of patients with rcc develop metastatic disease after surgery , and approximately one third of patients with rcc have m... | purposethe aim of this study was to examine the association of preoperative thrombocytosis with the prognosis of patients with nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma ( rcc).materials and methodswe conducted a retrospective analysis of 187 patients who underwent a radical nephrectomy for nonmetastatic rcc between july 1997 ... |
recent technical developments have improved the versatility , applicability and quantitative nature of em , leading to a revival of ultrastructural analysis .
advances include 3d em , large scale 2d em and improved methods and reagents for correlated light microscopy and electron microscopy ( clem ) to compare other ... | large - scale 2d electron microscopy ( em ) , or nanotomy , is the tissue - wide application of nanoscale resolution electron microscopy .
others and we previously applied large scale em to human skin pancreatic islets , tissue culture and whole zebrafish larvae1 - 7 . here
we describe a universally applicable meth... |
healthy male and female volunteers , 1870 years of age , were recruited from the greater baton rouge , louisiana area .
eligible participants were free of chronic disease with fasting serum glucose levels of 125 mg / dl and a bmi between 25 and 35 kg / m .
the study was approved by the institutional review board at... | objectivewe evaluated the effects of mixed meals differing in glycemic index ( gi ) and carbohydrate content on postprandial serum glucose and insulin response , hunger , and satiety over the course of a 12-h day.research design and methodsin this randomized crossover trial , 26 overweight or obese adults received four... |
symptomatic cerebral air embolism ( cae ) is a rare complication associated with cerebral angiography with a reported incidence of 0.08%.2 ) clinical manifestations of symptomatic cae may include decreased level of consciousness , hemiparesis , seizures , and neuromonitoring changes while under anesthesia.6 ) early rec... | symptomatic cerebral air embolism during cerebral angiography is extremely rare .
we report on the case of a 69-year - old woman undergoing elective stent - assisted coiling of an unruptured right middle cerebral artery ( mca ) bifurcation aneurysm , who was found to have severe attenuation of somatosensory evoked po... |
phosphorus ( p ) is the 11th most abundant element of the earth s crust ; while simultaneously the most immobile nutrients in the soils resulting in in its poorly availability for plants .
the major available form of p for plants in the soils is inorganic p ( pi ) . to overcome pi deficiency ,
a massive pi supply i... | phosphorus ( p ) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development .
inorganic phosphate ( pi ) is the major form of p taken up from the soil by plant roots .
it is well established that under pi deficiency condition , plant roots undergo striking morphological changes ; mainly a reduction in primary r... |
nebulizer solutions are widely used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
a number of bronchial and nasal nebulizer preparations contain benzalkonium chloride ( bac ) ( 1 ) .
quaternary ammonium compounds are used as antiseptics , disinfectants , detergents , and preservatives , and... | benzalkonium chloride ( bac ) is commonly used as a bactericidal preservative in nebulizer solutions , and can cause paradoxical onchoconstriction following nebulizing therapy in some asthmatics .
we describe a case of anaphylactic shock in a 23-yr - old asthmatic woman following an intradermal skin test with a salbu... |
moyamoya disease ( mmd ) is a specific cerebrovascular disease affecting the termini of the internal carotid arteries , typically bilaterally9 ) .
thus , a natural approach is to investigate the vessel wall cells of mmd patients in search of significant findings that are relevant to mmd pathophysiology and treatment ... | various approaches have been attempted in translational moyamoya disease research . one promising material for modeling and treating this disease is vascular progenitor cells , which can be acquired and expanded from patient peripheral blood .
these cells may provide a novel experimental model and enable us to obtain... |
dna adducts derived from complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic compounds emitted from tobacco smoke are compared to industrial pollution sources ( e.g. , coke ovens and aluminum smelters ) , smoky coal burning , and urban air pollution .
exposures to coke oven emissions and smoky coal , both potent rodent skin tumo... | |
hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) is a major cause of post transfusion hepatitis and liver transplantation in many countries .
it is estimated that approximately 3% of the world 's population is infected with hcv and 60% to 85% of the patients develop chronic infection that leads to cirrhosis , and hepatocellular carcinoma ,... | background : hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection is diagnosed by antibody and rna based methods .
patients with anti - hcv sample rate / cutoff rate ( s / co ) ratios > 1 are reported as anti - hcv positive .
rna based methods are introduced to confirm positivity in seropositive samples.objectives:the current study... |
laminectomy without reconstruction has been the standard surgical treatment method for intradural and posterior epidural spinal lesions7 ) .
although this surgical technique provides an adequate operative field , it may lead to hematoma in the spinal canal , invasion of scar tissue after surgery , or postoperative in... | objectiveto describe a novel spinous process - splitting hemilaminoplasty technique for the surgical treatment of intradural and posterior epidural lesions that promotes physiological restoration.methodsthe spinous process was split , the area of the facet lamina junction was drilled , and en bloc hemilaminectomy was t... |
erythropoietin ( epo ) is a 34 kda glycoprotein hormone that controls the proliferation , differentiation , and survival of erythroid progenitor cells through an antiapoptotic mechanism .
it has become apparent that epo protects many organs , including brain , heart , kidney and liver , against the injury caused by i... | erythropoietin protects many organs against the tissue injury and dysfunction caused by ischaemia / reperfusion and excessive inflammation .
this editorial comment discusses the effects of erythropoietin in preclinical models of septic shock , endotoxemia , hemorrhagic shock , spinal cord trauma and zymosan - induced... |
a fundamental event
in the folding and oligomerization of membrane
proteins is the association of the transmembrane ( tm ) helices .
helix
association is required to achieve the final fold and oligomeric state
of the protein . a favorite system for investigating the rules that
govern tm helix association ar... | interactions
between -helices within the hydrophobic environment
of lipid bilayers are integral to the folding and function of transmembrane
proteins ; however , the major forces that mediate these interactions
remain debated , and our ability to predict these interactions is still
largely untested .
we rec... |
a general ,
asymmetric synthesis of amino acid derivatives is reported .
masked
acyl cyanide ( mac ) reagents are shown to be effective umpolung synthons
for enantioselective additions to n - boc - aldimines .
the reactions are catalyzed by a modified cinchona alkaloid , which
can function as a bifunctional... | |
testicular cancer is a rare disease ; it occurs most commonly in young men in their third to fifth decade of life and accounts for about 13% of all cancers in men in western countries and about 17% of cancers in men below 45 , .
germany is one of the countries with the highest incidence rates of testicular cancer , w... | objectives : testicular cancer affects mainly men below the age of 50 .
an association with occupation and social status has been suggested but risk factors are not well understood .
a registry - based case - control study focusing on occupation was performed in germany.methods : all 348 testicular cancer cases wit... |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( als ) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord , the brainstem and the motor cortex with a pattern of progression not shared by other fatal diseases ( mitchell and borasio , 2007 ) .
it is clinically characteri... | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal and progressive disease , characterized by progressive muscles weakness , with consequent loss of physical capacities .
psychologists can play an important role in als care , by providing clinical activities in every step of the disease , including support and counseling activ... |
abdominal muscle strengthening exercises are frequently used for the promotion of health
and prevention of musculoskeletal disease , as well as for rehabilitation of lower back
pain1 , 2 .
strengthening the abdominal muscles helps to stabilize the trunk
and lessen the stress on the lumbar spine3 .
the curl - ... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neck flexion
restriction on sternocleidomastoid ( scm ) , rectus abdominis ( ra ) , and external oblique ( eo )
muscle activity during a traditional curl - up exercise and a curl - up with neck flexion
restriction .
[ subjects ] in total , 1... |
lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer - related deaths in korea , and its incidence continues to rise . despite therapeutic advances , the overall 5-year survival remains only 15% .
lung cancer is a multicellular and multistage process that involves a number of genetic changes in oncogenes and tumor suppre... | akt is a signal transduction protein that plays a central role in the tumorigenesis .
there are 3 mammalian isoforms of this serine / threonine protein kinase - akt1 , akt2 , and akt3-showing a broad tissue distribution .
we first discovered 2 novel polymorphisms ( akt2 -9826 c / g and akt3 -811 a / g ) , and we co... |
electrocardiogram ( ecg ) is an important diagnostic tool for the prompt recognition of myocardial infarction ( mi ) .
identification of st elevation mi by ecg in the critically ill patient population is limited by the lack of specificity due to a variety of non - ischemic processes .
this is a case report of a 77-... | a 77-year - old male patient presented with rhabdomyolysis .
he developed progressive respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome during his hospital stay requiring mechanical ventilation .
an electrocardiogram during mechanical ventilation showed findings suggestive of st elevation myocardial infar... |
in about 45 bc , hippocrates used the words mania and melancholia to describe mental disorders .
mood disorders , especially depression , are among the most common mental disorders of adults , in which the individuals involvement during their lifetime is estimated to be 10 - 25% .
numerous factors including bio... | background : nowadays , depression is one of the most prevalent mental diseases to which some individuals like mothers of mentally retarded children are more vulnerable due to their ( children s ) special condition .
therefore , the present study aimed to investigate the level of depression and its related factors in... |
tsetse flies are vectors of african trypanosomes , the causative agents of sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals . following a long period of increasing prevalence
however , this debilitating disease still affects a wide range of people in sub - saharan africa and is invariably fatal if untreated .
na... | trypanosoma secretome was shown to be involved in parasite virulence and is suspected of interfering in parasite life - cycle steps such as establishment in the glossina midgut , metacyclogenesis .
therefore , we attempted to identify the proteins secreted by procyclic strains of t. brucei gambiense and t. brucei bru... |
in the previous issue of critical care , van herpe and colleagues describe a new method of blood glucose reporting for hospitalized patients , the glycemic penalty index ( gpi ) . a stepped scale weights the clinical significance of differences of blood glucose ( bg ) from target .
the gpi scale is appropriately acco... | the article by van herpe and colleagues in the previous issue of critical care describes the glycemic penalty index ( gpi ) , which weights both hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic blood glucose measurements commensurate to their clinically significant difference from target .
although certain adverse consequences result ... |
metformin ( n , n-dimethylbiguanide ) is a widely used drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus , condition associated with insulin sensitivity and obesity .
additionally , it has been shown that metformin may inhibit growth of tumor cells and thus potentially may find application in therapy of various type... | metformin is applied not only as antidiabetic drug , but also in the treatment of obesity or as antiaging drug .
the first part of the research discussed the effect of metformin at concentrations of 1 mm , 5 mm , and 10 mm on the morphology , ultrastructure , and proliferation potential of mice adipose - derived m... |
tbe ( 2,2,2- tribomoethanol 97% , c2h3br3o , mw 282.8 ) , tert - amyl alcohol ( 99% ) and methyl orange were purchased from sigma aldrich , ( st .
hp--cd ( kleptose hpb , mw 1440 ) was obtained from a gift from roquette lestrem , france .
combititrant 5 and methanol ( 99.8% ) were purchased from merck ( auckland , ... | objective : efficacy and safety concerns have been raised in the literature with the use of tribromoethanol ( tbe ) ( avertin ) for anesthesia in rats and mice when administered by intraperitoneal ( ip ) injection . despite the controversy , it remains in common usage as an anesthetic agent in laboratory rodents for sh... |
the percentage of elderly people has increased from 11.4% in 1984 to over 18% in 2011 and is estimated to reach 35% in 2050.1 today , 3.5% of those over 65-years old are aged over 80 ; since 1984 the number has increased from 1.2 million to 2.4 million and in 2050 this will reach 5 million;1 of these , 50% will be suff... | a significant percentage of elderly subjects ( 50%80% ) suffering from sub - acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease , with or without moderate or severe cognitive memory decline and with or without associated behavioral and psychological symptoms , shows a complex syndrome .
this syndrome is related to the progressiv... |
urethral diverticular adenocarcinoma is a rare cancer found in female patients , presenting only 5% of female urothelial cancers .
we report a case of a urethral diverticular adenocarcinoma after the fenestration of the anterior vaginal wall for pelvic floor abscess .
a 61-year - old woman presented to the gynecolo... | a 61-year - old woman presented to the gynecology department with complaints of atypical genital bleeding . magnetic resonance imaging revealed a localized urethral tumor extended to vagina .
histological test of the biopsy tissue of the mass suggested the adenocarcinoma .
the patient was performed the fenestration... |
joint contracture occurs when joint movements are reduced , such as by immobilization of a
joint with a plaster cast , orthosis , or after prolonged bed rest .
several conditions limit
the range of motion ( rom ) of joints , including cerebrovascular diseases , neuromuscular
diseases , bone and joint diseases ,... | [ purpose ] this study was performed to investigate the histological changes that occur in
the periphery of the sciatic nerve in rats undergoing knee immobilization .
[ subjects and
methods ] 29 male 9-week - old wistar rats were divided randomly into a control group ( c
group , n = 7 ) and an immobilized group... |
subjects for this study were identified from an institutional review board approved clinical registry of all ischemic strokes at the new york - presbyterian hospital / weill cornell medical center , a tertiary - care hospital and certified primary stroke center .
all patients admitted to our hospital s stroke servic... | backgroundmagnetic resonance imaging of carotid plaque can aid in stroke risk stratification in patients with carotid stenosis .
however , the prevalence of complicated carotid plaque in patients with cryptogenic stroke is uncertain , especially as assessed by plaque imaging techniques routinely included in acute str... |
schizophrenia ( sz ) is a debilitating illness characterized by delusions , hallucinations and disorganized thought .
impairments of cognitive functions , such as working memory , are also considered core features of the disorder ( green , 2006 ; kahn and keefe , 2013 ; park and gooding , 2014 ) and have been linked ... | schizophrenia ( sz ) is a psychotic disorder with significant cognitive dysfunction .
abnormal brain activation during cognitive processing has been reported , both in task - positive and task - negative networks .
further , structural cortical and subcortical brain abnormalities have been documented , but little i... |
renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) represents the most common cancer of kidney and accounts for approximately 3% of all adult malignancies in western countries ( 1 ) .
rcc remains primarily a surgical disease requiring early diagnosis to optimize the opportunity for cure .
the treatment for patients with rcc who have no ... | renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) is one of the most malignant tumors in urology , and due to its insidious onset patients frequently have advanced disease at the time of clinical presentation .
thus , early detection is crucial in management of rcc . to identify tumor specific proteins of rcc
, we employed proteomic an... |
osteonecrosis of the jaw ( onj ) emerged as a well - known devastating side effect of parenteral bisphosphonate therapy since the widespread use of biphosphonates to reduce skeletal related events ( sre ) .
biphosphonates are commonly used every three to four weeks with around 1448% reduction of sre occurrence and on... | osteonecrosis of the jaw ( onj ) is one of the most relevant and specific complication of biphosphonates .
onj in patients receiving zoledronic acid every 3 to 4 weeks is frequently described , but the onj biyearly regimen used to reduce aromatase inhibitor associated bone loss ( aibl ) , is rarely reported . a liter... |
it was established by the 1980 's that drug treatment of elevated blood pressure ( bp ) reduces the risks of cardiovascular complications of hypertension .
the prevailing assumption among clinicians and regulators was , and probably continues to be , that the benefits of antihypertensive treatment were a direct conse... | the key question in hypertension research today is , " does it matter how elevated blood pressure is lowered ? "
the antihypertensive and lipid - lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial ( allhat ) initiated in 1994 serves as a model for comparative trials .
its strengths include its independent sponsorship... |
bullous pemphigoid ( bp ) , the most common autoimmune blistering disease , is mediated by autoantibodies .
bp primarily affects the elderly and is characterized by the development of urticarial plaques surmounted by subepidermal blisters , and the deposition of immunoglobulins and complement at the basement membrane... | context : bullous pemphigoid ( bp ) , the most common autoimmune blistering disease , is mediated by autoantibodies .
bp primarily affects the elderly and is characterized by the development of urticarial plaques surmounted by subepidermal blisters , and the deposition of immunoglobulins and complement at the basemen... |
one part of the aging process involves a decline in cellular housekeeping functions disturbing the maintenance of organism homeostasis [ 1 , 2 ] .
the accumulation of damaged and defective components increases cellular stress , for example , oxidative stress , which activates cellular defence mechanisms including nf-... | the nf-b signaling system and the autophagic degradation pathway are crucial cellular survival mechanisms , both being well conserved during evolution .
emerging studies have indicated that the ikk / nf-b signaling axis regulates autophagy in a context - dependent manner .
ikk complex and nf-b can enhance the expre... |
polypropylene ( pp ) is a well - known hydrophobic polymer which has good mechanical properties and easy processing with low cost and excellent recyclability [ 1 , 2 ] . because of its good film and fiber properties
however , in order to obtain a better in vivo biocompatibility , hydrophilic groups can be introduced ... | the aim of this study is to evaluate the soft tissue response of the pure and au - embedded ppg - peg .
pp - g - peg2000 , pp - g - peg4000 , au - pp - g - peg2000 , and aupp - g - peg4000 were obtained via chlorination of polypropylene and polyethylene glycol in the presence of a base with a grafting onto techniqu... |
chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) is a myeloproliferative disease that represents 15%25% of all leukemias .
the disease was the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosome 22 and chromosome 9 , the so - called philadelphia translocation .
this rearrangement joins the c - abl gene on chromosome 9 and bcr ... | we describe the
response of imatinib as lifesaving treatment of
chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) relapse in seven
patients who underwent allogeneic bone marrow
transplantation ( allobmt ) at our institution
over a period... |
participants included 613 youth ( 52% female ) enrolled in grades 6 ( 35% ) , 7 ( 29% ) and 8 ( 36% ) at study outset .
the ethnic composition of the sample included 86% white / caucasian , 4% asian - american , 2% latino / a - american , 1% african - american , and 6% mixed ethnicity students .
participants were e... | the transition to adolescence marks a time of sharply increased vulnerability to the development of depression , particularly among girls .
past research has examined isolated risk factors from individual theoretical models ( e.g. , biological , interpersonal , and cognitive ) of depression , but few have examined in... |
atypical fibroxanthoma ( afx ) is a malignancy developed typically in the dermis of the head and neck of senior caucasians , however it is a very rare tumor in asians [ 1 - 5 ] .
in addition , the incidence of afx in koreans is very low and only 6 cases developed in the sun - exposed face and hand area have been repo... | atypical fibroxanthoma is a pleomorphic spindle cell tumor of the dermis and it 's been known to be a benign lesion clinically in spite of malignant histologic features .
but recurrence is estimated at between 2%-20% and metastasis has been reported .
we are about to describe a 70-year - old man with the lesion dev... |
to investigate the prevalence of different plasmodium spp . in wild great apes living in their natural habitat ( tropical rainforests ) , we analyzed tissue samples from 16 wild west african chimpanzees that died primarily of anthrax or respiratory disease in ta national park , cte divoire .
a generic real - time pcr... | data are missing on the diversity of plasmodium spp . infecting apes that live in their natural habitat , with limited possibility of human - mosquito - ape exchange .
we surveyed plasmodium spp .
diversity in wild chimpanzees living in an undisturbed tropical rainforest habitat and found 5 species : p. malariae , ... |
eccrine poroma is a benign neoplasm of the sweat glands originating from the intraepidermal eccrine duct.1 ) this unusual tumor is known to arise in bare skin areas , such as the sole of the foot .
recently it was revealed that it could occur in more various skin region.2 ) but only few cases have been reported in th... | eccrine poroma is described as a benign neoplasm originating from the intraepidermal eccrine duct of sweat glands .
this tumor is known to arise in bare skin areas , but more rarely appeared in head and neck region . a 54-year - old female presented with a mass on the retroauricular aspect of the left auricle .
the... |
uncomplicated and complicated crown fracture is the most common traumatic dental injury to permanent teeth .
most dental injuries involve just one tooth , and the majority of the affected teeth are maxillary central incisors.[24 ] this may be attributable to their anterior position and protrusion caused by the erupti... | reattachment of the fractured anterior tooth is a highly conservative and aesthetic treatment that has gained popularity in the recent past .
presented here is one such case in which a combination of external enamel bevel and internal dentinal groove has been used to enhance the bonding between the fractured fragment... |
neuropeptide y ( npy ) is one of the most common peptides in the brain and an abundant neurotransmitter in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system ( sns ) .
it plays a well - established role in the hypothalamic control of body energy balance by promoting feeding and lipid storage in white adipose tissue ( wat ) . ... | neuropeptide y ( npy ) is a neurotransmitter associated with feeding and obesity .
we have constructed an npy transgenic mouse model ( oe - npydbh mouse ) , where targeted overexpression leads to increased levels of npy in noradrenergic and adrenergic neurons .
we previously showed that these mice become obese on a... |
prions are infectious proteins , able to propagate and transmit the infection from one individual to another without an essential nucleic acid .
in addition to this horizontal transmission , typical of the mammalian transmissible spongiform encephalopathies ( tses ) , prions of fungi also transmit the infection verti... | prion variants faithfully propagate across species barriers , but if the barrier is too high , new variants ( mutants ) are selected , as shown in a recent bmc biology report
. protein sequence alteration can prevent accurate structural templating at filament ends producing prion variants . |
burkholderia
pseudomallei ( bp ) is the causative agent
for the bacterial septic disease melioidosis .
melioidosis is endemic throughout the tropical southeast pacific region
and is considered a growing global health threat.bp , an environmental saphrophyte
by nature , is intrinsically resistant to multiple a... | increasing evidence has shown that
small - molecule chemistry in
microbes ( i.e. , secondary metabolism ) can modulate the microbe
host
response in infection and pathogenicity .
the bacterial disease melioidosis
is conferred by the highly virulent , antibiotic - resistant pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei ... |
we investigated mammary gland differentiation and cell proliferation in rats after acute exposure to xenoestrogens .
pubertal female sprague - dawley rats ( six / group ) were treated for 1 week with diethylstilbestrol ( des ) , genistein , o , p'-ddt , aroclor 1221 , aroclor 1254 , 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo - p - d... | |
infantile tremor syndrome ( its ) is characterized by anemia , skin pigmentation , tremors , physical , and mental regression without a defined etiopathogenesis and low incidence .
we have studied 9 patients over 1 year for the changing clinical and laboratory variables of patients with its .
neuroregression and an... | background : infantile tremor syndrome ( its ) is characterized by anemia , skin pigmentation , tremors , physical , and mental regression without a defined etiopathogenesis and low incidence.materials and methods : we have studied 9 patients over 1 year for the changing clinical and laboratory variables of patients wi... |
among the manifold unusual semiologies of epilepsy , pure epileptic chest pain has not received attention to date .
pain occurs in a small minority of patients with epilepsy but is often accompanied by other motor , sensory or behavioural features which denote their ictal origin .
the clinical history and video - e... | purposeto investigate the probable ictal origin of unexplained episodic chest pain and if possible to lateralize and localize the epileptic focus.methodsa 14 year old boy presented with episodic short lasting localized chest pain .
his cardiac and other systemic work - up were normal .
mri brain did not reveal any... |
marginal gingival recession is not an uncommon feature in almost all populations regardless of oral hygiene . covering exposed root surfaces
are indicated mainly in subjects with esthetic demands , root sensitivity , and cervical caries .
all free - graft procedures require a donor site and result in an additional ... | background : localized gingival recession can be treated successfully via coronally positioned flap ( cpf ) and additional use of root surface demineralization agents .
the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of additional use of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid ( edta ) and citric acid as a root condi... |
genetics and environmental factors combine to produce different asthma phenotypes and various responses to controller medications .
the global initiative for asthma ( gina ) updated in 20161 is an ongoing international effort to provide a unified approach to the diagnosis and treatment of asthma .
table 1 summarize... | the use of inhaled corticosteroids ( icss ) plays a key role in the treatment of asthmatic patients , and international guidelines have designated icss as an early maintenance therapy in controlling asthma symptoms .
when asthmatic patients remain symptomatic on icss , one common option is to add a long - acting beta... |
immunoglobulin e ( ige ) predominantly mediates immunity and immune responses against parasitic infections , but it is also an essential component of type i hypersensitivity reaction , which can cause anaphylaxis , asthma , atopic dermatitis , and allergic rhinitis [ 2 , 3 ] .
inhalant and food allergies are induced ... | objective . to assess the diagnostic significance of total ige in foods , inhalant , and multiple allergies . methods .
retrospective review of the laboratory records of patients who presented with clinical suspicion of food or inhalant allergy between january 2013 and december 2014 .
total ige level was defined as... |
occupational and toxicological studies have demonstrated adverse health effects from exposure to toxic air contaminants .
data on outdoor levels of toxic air contaminants have not been available for most communities in the united states , making it difficult to assess the potential for adverse human health effects fr... | |
ameloblastic fibroodontomas ( afos ) are slow - growing , benign tumors developing from the odontogenic epithelium and ectomesenchyme .
they are usually found to be asymptomatic and are most often discovered on routine radiography .
the clinical features are painless swelling of the jaw , an asymmetrical face , mis... | an ameloblastic fibroodontoma ( afo ) is a rare odontogenic tumor of mixed dental tissue origin .
it exhibits histological features of ameloblastic fibroma and complex odontoma .
afos are usually found to be asymptomatic and are most often discovered on routine radiography .
sometimes their presence is suspected ... |
previous studies examining the relationship between hospital costs and health outcomes have reached divergent conclusions . whereas some studies have found a positive association between hospital costs and health outcomes ( mukamel , zwanziger , and tomaszewski 2001 ) , others have concluded that low hospital costs and... | objectiveto investigate and to quantify the relationship between hospital costs and health outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction ( ami ) in veterans health administration ( vha ) hospitals using individual - level data for costs and outcomes.data sourcesvha administrative files for the fiscal years 200... |
radical prostatectomy is regarded as the gold standard surgical treatment for organ confined prostate cancer . even though the surgical technique has been improved steadily stress urinary
incontinence is a well - known side effect of this procedure with reported incidence rates of up to 20% [ 1 , 2 ] .
another rare... | objective . to evaluate functional outcome of the retrourethral transobturator sling suspension ( rts ) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) caused by prior prostate surgery
. methods .
the rts ( advance male sling ) was implanted in 32 patients who suffered from mild to severe postsurgical - tre... |
spontaneous intramedullary hemorrhage is a rare disease entity , and most cases have specific etiologies , such as vascular malformations and tumorous lesions61112 ) .
there are also reports indicating that anticoagulation therapy and hemophilia cause spontaneous intramedullary hemorrhage1313 ) .
it is extremely ra... | a 48-year - old woman presented with acute voiding difficulty , numbness and weakness of both lower extremities . magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) showed an intramedullary hemorrhagic mass that extended from t9 to t10 .
t8-t10 laminotomy and surgical removal of the hemorrhagic mass was performed .
the pathologica... |
treatment for acute mesenteric ischemia ( ami ) traditionally involves exploratory laparotomy to assess bowel viability and revascularization of visceral arteries , usually the superior mesenteric artery ( sma ) .
revascularization can be achieved through a bypass from the aorta or iliac arteries , embolectomy , open... | abstractrevascularization for acute mesenteric ischemia ( ami ) can be achieved through a bypass from the aorta or iliac arteries , embolectomy , open exposure of sma and retrograde recanalization and stent , or percutaneous antegrade stenting .
flush occlusion of the sma can make antegrade recanalization very challe... |
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is the most common cause of blindness in industrialized countries affecting individuals over the age of 55 .
neovascular amd affects only 1015% of amd patients but approximately 90% of blindness due to this condition . the main cause of vision loss in neovascular amd is the ... | purpose . to evaluate association between erectile dysfunction ( ed ) and
neovascular age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) . methods .
195 men enrolled in this cross - sectional study .
90 of them had neovascular amd and 105 of them were healthy volunteers .
the international index of erectile function ( ... |
these difficulties include cold welding between the screw head and locking screw hole , stripping of the recess of the screw head for the screwdriver , and cross - threading between threads in the screw head and screw hole . however , there are cases in which removal is difficult .
we describe a new technique for rem... | introduction : the advent of locking plates has brought new problems in implant removal .
difficulty in removing screws from a locking plate is well - known .
these difficulties include cold welding between the screw head and locking screw hole , stripping of the recess of the screw head for the screwdriver , and c... |
sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia ( smece ) of the thyroid is a recently recognized primary malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland associated with hashimoto 's thyroiditis / lymphocytic thyroiditis .
till now , cases have been reported in the literature that are diagnosed histologically . and
f... | sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia ( smece ) of the thyroid is a rare primary thyroid tumor arising in a background of hashimoto's / lymphocytic thyroiditis and has been recently introduced in the world health organization ( who ) classification of thyroid tumors .
it is characterized by extensive ... |
molecular markers such as mutational spectra or mrna expression patterns may give some indication of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis induced by fibers and other carcinogens . in our study , tumors were induced by application of crocidolite asbestos or benzo[a]pyrene ( b[a]p ) to rat peritoneum .
dna and rna of these... | |
an essential development in the evolution of multicellular organisms with a variety of tissues serving different functions has obviously been the formation of specific semi - stable and dynamic cell - cell junctions , i.e. , architectonically positioned structures of limited size that connect cells of the same or diffe... | immunocytochemical , electron- , and immunoelectron - microscopical studies have revealed that , in addition to the four major textbook categories of cell - cell junctions ( gap junctions , tight junctions , adherens junctions , and desmosomes ) , a broad range of other junctions exists , such as the tiny puncta adha... |
in recent years , advances in technology and healthcare have improved people s lives ; even so , fighting , conflicts , violence , and other traumatic phenomena , such as vehicle accidents , occupational accidents , and injuries sustained in the martial arts , have substantially intensified the physical damage that peo... | background : many trauma patients in the emergency department are unconscious , and this causes many other problems to go undiagnosed , resulting in the loss of valuable time in initiating the appropriate treatments .
the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of injuries to the ears , nose ,... |
coexistence of hyperthyroidism and primary immune thrombocytopenia ( itp ) is a rather rare condition .
underlying untreated graves disease leads to worsening of the itp and rendering it refractory to standard therapy .
a 71-year - old female patient presented with a complaint of excessive sweating for nearly a mon... | a 71-year - old female patient followed primary immune thrombocytopenia ( itp ) was admitted to endocrinology unit with excessive sweating .
we started methimazole for graves disease . without any additional immunosuppressive treatment , at week 12 of methimazole therapy
, thyroid stimulating hormone ( tsh ) levels... |
fast neuronal network oscillations in the gamma frequency band ( 30100 hz ) that occur in the electroencephalogram or in local field potential recordings have been observed in virtually any mammalian cortical structure , including the neocortex and the hippocampus ( gray and singer , 1989 ; traub et al . , 1996 ; buzs... | fast neuronal network oscillations in the gamma range ( 30100 hz ) in the cerebral cortex have been implicated in higher cognitive functions such as sensual perception , working memory , and , perhaps , consciousness . however
, little is known about the energy demand of gamma oscillations .
this is mainly caused ... |
a 57-year - old woman presented with a three - day history of photophobia and diplopia in the left eye .
she was diagnosed with histologically confirmed nasal nktl of the right nasal cavity one month prior .
the snellen visual acuity of the affected eye with correction was 1.0 / 0.63 , and the intraocular pressure ... | herein , we report a case of nasal natural killer t - cell lymphoma ( nktl ) with intraocular involvement . a 57-year - old woman was referred due to a three - day history of photophobia and diplopia in the left eye .
one - month previously , she was diagnosed with nasal nktl of the right nasal cavity .
ophthalmic ... |
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