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asthma is a chronic disease characterized by a variety of features including increased airway responsiveness and reversible airways obstruction and inflammation ( 1 ) .
studies on animals and humans have shown that bronchoconstriction is most likely due to the release of inflammatory mediators from different cells ( ... | objective(s):for determining the mechanism of anti - asthmatic effect of thymoquinone , this investigation evaluated the effect of thymoquinone in the presence of selective a2a and a2b adenosine receptor antagonists ( zm241385 and mrs1706 , respectively).materials and methods : seventy guinea pigs were randomly divided... |
brds have an important role in the targeting of chromatin - modifying enzymes to specific
sites
. often they act with other protein - interaction modules to guarantee a high level of
targeting specificity for these essential enzymes .
for example , the methyltransferase ash1l
contains ... | acetylation of lysine residues is a post - translational modification with broad relevance
to cellular signalling and disease biology .
enzymes that write
( histone acetyltransferases , hats ) and erase ( histone deacetylases ,
hdacs ) acetylation sites are an area of extensive r... |
during 20092010 , an outbreak of dengue fever occurred in key west , florida ( 9 ) . shortly thereafter , the florida keys mosquito control district proposed the first release of a gm mosquito , ox513a ae .
the proposal was met with controversy . on publication of this article , the release was undergoing inspection ... | after a dengue outbreak in key west , florida , during 20092010 , authorities , considered conducting the first us release of male aedes aegypti mosquitoes genetically modified to prevent reproduction . despite outreach and media attention ,
only half of the community was aware of the proposal ; half of those were su... |
idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane ( ierm ) is a relatively common disorder , with an incidence reaching 12% in those older than 70 years .
on one hand , ierm seems to begin with microfractures in the inner retina after posterior vitreous detachment , while , on the other hand , it seems to occur when the externa... | purpose . to investigate retinal function using microperimetry in patients affected by idiopathic epiretinal membrane ( ierm ) and
cataract who underwent combined surgery : 4-year follow - up . design .
prospective , interventional case series . methods .
30 eyes of 30 consecutive patients with ierm and age - rel... |
the role of targeted therapies in medical oncology has tremendously increased over the last ten years .
a high number of novel molecular substances have already been approved for clinical use and several compounds are in ongoing trials at present ( 1,2 ) . despite some very successful therapeutics like the tyrosine k... | three - dimensional ex vivo cell cultures mimic physiological in vivo growth conditions thereby significantly contributing to our understanding of tumor cell growth and survival , therapy resistance and identification of novel potent cancer targets . in the present study , we describe advanced three - dimensional cell ... |
the antimicrobial peptides ( amps ) are biologically active molecules produced by wide variety of organisms as an essential component of their innate immune response .
the primary role of the amps is host defense by exerting cytotoxicity on the invading pathogenic microorganisms , and they also serve as immune modula... | antimicrobial peptides are diverse group of biologically active molecules with multidimensional properties . in recent past ,
a wide variety of amps with diverse structures have been reported from different sources such as plants , animals , mammals , and microorganisms .
the presence of unusual amino acids and str... |
case one was 13 years old and had severe sudden onset low back pain with radiation to anterior aspect of right thigh during extension of leg .
computerized tomography at l2-l3 level ( figure 1 ) showed a bony fragment similar to an osteophyte extending to canal .
in lumbosacral mri we detected a l2-l3 disc bulging ... | avulsion or fracture of posterior ring apophysis of lumbar vertebra is an uncommon cause of radicular low back pain in pediatric age group , adolescents and athletes .
this lesion is one of differential diagnosis of disc herniation .
we reported two teenage boys with sever low back pain and sciatica during soccer p... |
various large - scale and high - throughput techniques , such as chromosome banding ( 1,3 ) , comparative genomic hybridization ( cgh ) ( 4 ) and fluorescence in situ hybridization ( fish ) ( 5 ) , are being used in modern cancer cytogenetics to detect structural and copy number changes in chromosomes .
the most comm... | chromosome translocation and gene fusion are frequent events in the human genome and are often the cause of many types of tumor .
chimerdb is the database of fusion sequences encompassing bioinformatics analysis of mrna and expressed sequence tag ( est ) sequences in the genbank , manual collection of literature data... |
this study was based at the armed forces research institute of medical sciences ( afrims)kwai river christian hospital clinical center , sangkhlaburi district , kanchanaburi province , thailand .
( the protocol was approved by the human subjects research review board of the u.s .
army , ethical review committee for... | to investigate the presence of rickettsioses in rural residents of the central thai - myanmar border , we tested the blood of 46 patients with fever .
four patients had murine typhus , three patients had scrub typhus , and eight patients had spotted fever group rickettsioses , including the first case of rickettsia f... |
transgenic mice are sacrificed using carbon dioxide gas , followed by decapitation and the brain extracted .
the other will be submerged in 4% paraformaldehyde ( pfa ) for at least 48 hours at 4c .
after fixation in 4% pfa for at least 48 hours , the hemi brain is transferred directly into 30% sucrose solution and ... | alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia .
neuritic plaque formation is one of the pathological hallmarks of alzheimer 's disease .
the central component of neuritic plaques is a small filamentous protein called amyloid protein ( a)1 , which is derived from sequ... |
systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) is a systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disease that affects many organs and systems through formation and deposition of autoantibodies and immune complexes leading to severe tissue and organ damage [ 1 , 2 ] .
it is characterized by hyperreactivity of t and b cells and a failur... | background . systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) is a chronic inflammatory , multisystem , and autoimmune disease . objective .
the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of hyposalivation in sle patients and evaluate factors associated .
methods .
this is a cross - sectional study developed at the cui... |
aquaporins belong to a family of membrane proteins that passively transport water , glycerol , and other small molecules ( nielsen et al . , 2002 ) .
the archetypical water channel aqp1 has been shown to be highly specific for water and excludes protons , ammonia , and sugars such as glycerol ( zeidel et al . , 1992 ... | determining the mechanisms of flux through protein channels requires a combination of structural data , permeability measurement , and molecular dynamics ( md ) simulations . to further clarify the mechanism of flux through aquaporin 1 ( aqp1 ) ,
osmotic pf ( cm3/s / pore ) and diffusion pd ( cm3/s / pore ) permeabil... |
a total of 1,633 male body weight ( bwt ) and age measurements , for 232 thoroughbred colts ,
were collected by the japan bloodhorse breeders association ( jbba ) between 2005 and 2009 .
the data with extreme values over 4 residual standard deviations were preliminary analyzed
by using logistic growth curve equa... | thoroughbred horses are seasonal mating animals , raised in northern regions or countries .
foals born yearly in spring generally show a typical seasonal compensatory growth pattern ,
in which their growth rate declines in the first winter and increases in the next spring .
in this study , a new empirical adjustm... |
gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and often spreads from the stomach to other parts of the body , particularly to the liver , lungs , bones , the abdominal lining , and lymph nodes . during the last decade ,
considerable research has been conducted on the induction of apoptosis by traditional c... | objectives : the crude extracts of scutellaria barbata d. don ( sb ) have traditionally demonstrated inhibitory effects on numerous human cancers both in vitro and in vivo .
gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer on world .
the authors investigated the effects of an ethanol extract of scutellaria ... |
chironomus riparius ( chironomidae , diptera ) , is widely used in aquatic exotoxicological studies for assessing acute and sub - lethal toxicities of contaminated sediments and for water monitoring due to their widespread occurrence , short life - cycle , easy to be reared in the laboratory , physiological tolerance t... | objectiveschironomus riparius , a non - biting midge ( chironomidae , diptera ) , is extensively used as a model organism in aquatic ecotoxicological studies , and considering the potential of c. riparius larvae as a bio - monitoring species , little is known about its genome sequences .
this study reports the result... |
the biomedical community has traditionally used two types of ceramic implants for bone tissue regeneration technologies : inert materials such as alumina , zirconia , and carbon ( hulber 1993 ; wise et al 1995 ) and bioactive ceramics ( vallet - reg 2001a ) , which interact with the physiological environment when impla... | research in the development of new bioceramics with local drug delivery capability for bone regeneration technologies is receiving great interest by the scientific biomedical community . among bioceramics ,
silica - based ordered mesoporous materials are excellent candidates as bone implants due to two main reasons :... |
the reconstruction of the distal dorsal fingers is difficult as the fingertip skin is hard and inflexible.[14 ] we have experienced cases of minor distal dorsal finger skin defects due to digital mucous cyst ( dmc ) excision .
in addition , some studies on the operative procedures of digital dorsal finger reconstruct... | abstractwe treated nine patients with skin defect produced by digital mucous cyst ( dmc ) excision on the finger and toe using lateral finger flap ( lff ) .
the postoperative scars were esthetically acceptable and no recurrence of mucous cysts was observed .
our lff is a simple method to repair minor distal dorsal ... |
hypertension is a common and major public health problem associated with a high level cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide .
it remains the major risk factor for heart failure , stroke , coronary artery disease , and chronic renal failure in nigeria .
hypertension which was initially considered rare in ... | recent studies have shown an increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension in rural communities compared to that of the urban communities .
this study was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its predictors ( if any ) in both urban and rural communities of akwa ibom state of nige... |
breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy and one of the major causes of death in women worldwide .
in advanced nations , breast cancer is a very frequent malignancy diagnosed among women , and in the developing nations , it is placed second to cervical cancer ( 1 ) .
breast cancer is also the primary cau... | introductionas a common type of malignancy , breast cancer is one of the major causes of death in women globally . the purpose of the current study was to analyze iran research performance on breast cancer in the context of national and international studies , shown in the publications indexed in scopus database during... |
it is the second most abundant transition metal ion in living organisms , including humans .
zinc is present in all the tissues , fluids , and organs within the human body , for a total body content of approximately 1.42.3 g. it is necessary for catalytic , structural , and regulatory functions in hundreds of enzyme... | the study aims to investigate zinc biosorption by strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria with a view to exploit them as organic matrixes for zinc dietary supplementation . sixteen human strains of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium
were assayed for zinc uptake .
the minimum inhibitory concentration of zinc salts... |
celiac disease ( cd ) , an inflammatory disorder of the upper small intestines , is characterized by intestinal villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia and is caused by an abnormal immune reaction to wheat gliadin .
it may be associated with different symptoms and signs , depending on the degree of intestinal involveme... | trichotillomania is an underreported and underdiagnosed condition associated with significant impairments in social and functional relationships .
the connection between celiac disease and trichotillomania is not yet established clearly .
only a few cases of trichotillomania have been reported to date . here , we r... |
capmul mcm was gifted by abitec corporation , usa . tween 20 and peg 400 were purchased from sulab chemicals , vadodara , india .
all the other reagents were analytical grade . for the selection of components of microemulsion ,
solubility study was carried out in number of components according to procedure given by... | due to very less bioavailability ( 20% ) of rosuvastatin calcium , an attempt was made to develop and optimize microemulsion formulation .
capmul mcm , tween 20 and peg 400 were selected as oil , surfactant and cosurfactant respectively as the drug is having higher solubility in them .
3:1% w / w s : cos was select... |
resin cements are composite resins developed to deliver mechanical properties and handling characteristics that are important for luting indirect restorations .
due to their application under an indirect restoration , in most cases the physical activation ( photo activation ) has very limited effect
.
activation ... | resin - based cements have been frequently employed in clinical practice to lute indirect restorations . however , there are numerous factors that may compromise the clinical performance of those cements .
the aim of this literature review is to present and discuss some of the clinical factors that may affect the per... |
acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( all ) in adults accounts for 15% of acute leukemia .total body irradiation ( tbi ) for adult patients with all is a vital technique used prior to bone marrow transplant .
a total body irradiation regime is used in the treatment of all to destroy malignant cells and to suppress the immun... | background : total body irradiation is a protocol used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patients prior to their bone marrow transplant .
it involves the treatment of the whole body using a large radiation field with extended source - skin distance .
therefore , it is important to measure and monitor the ski... |
as part of a national study to evaluate addiction tcs in the kingdom of saudi arabia , the author visited all saudi addiction tcs ( in saudi arabia , there are only 5 tcs ) in september , october and november of 2014 .
at least one week was spent in each tc , evaluating infrastructure , policies and procedures , trea... | objective : to investigate whether saudi therapeutic communities ( tcs ) implement essential elements of tcs.methods:this is a cross sectional study where the author visited all of the saudi addiction tcs between september and december 2014 .
at least one week was spent in each tc , attending many therapeutic activit... |
the main aim of radiotherapy is to maximize the tumor control probability with less complication to the surrounding critical structures .
a treatment plan is generated based on this simple rule and several methods of treatment delivery techniques , including 3d conformal radiotherapy , intensity modulated radiation t... | the dose to critical structures plays a very important role in treatment plan evaluation and forms a major challenging parameter in radiotherapy treatment planning . in this study , a simple index ,
plan normal tissue complication index ( pni ) has been proposed for treatment plan evaluation based on the dose to surr... |
high - titer engineered retrovirus ( 110unit / ml ) is produced by co - transfection of retroviral vectors and vsvg into hek293 t cells , followed by ultracentrifugation of viral supernatant . for sources and production methods , see the excellent jove demonstration ( 3 ) . note : young adult ( 4 - 6 weeks old ) female... | neurogenesis occurs in adult mammalian brains in the sub - ventricular zone ( svz ) of the lateral ventricle and in the sub - granular zone ( sgz ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus throughout life .
previous reports have shown that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is associated with diverse brain disorders , including ... |
a 35-year - old healthy lady presented with high grade fever , severe abdominal pain , nausea , vomiting and profuse watery diarrhea , sometimes green in color .
there was no history of animal contact , recent travel or camping . on exam , the patient was hypotensive and was looking acutely ill .
she also had hypok... | there are 13 cases of campylobacter cholecystitis reported so far in the medical literature . among them , only 4 patients had diarrhea .
we report another case of acalculous cholecystitis in a setting of campylobacter enteritis .
the case report is followed by a literature review regarding this rare condition . |
iranian ministry of health and medical education ( mohme ) began implementation of primary health care as the main theme of the healthcare networks to provide health services for all people in 1977 .
government policy in the health system was based on three major axes :
priority of preventive services to health car... | background : upon successful experiences of family physician program in the rural regions , iranian ministry of health and medical education ( mohme ) made a decision to expand this program to urban areas .
for this reason a pilot program were designated and some cities have been selected to determine dos and donts o... |
this retrospective study was performed at the l. v. prasad eye institute in india from september 2012 to january 2013 .
prior approval from the institutional review board of the institute was obtained , and informed consent was obtained from each study subject for the diagnostic procedures .
fifty - one eyes ( 26 p... | purpose : to evaluate changes in choroidal thickness ( ct ) in inherited retinal diseases and its relationship with age , spherical equivalent , visual acuity , and macular thickness.methods:retrospective analysis of 51 eyes with features of retinal dystrophy of 26 subjects , who underwent enhanced depth imaging using ... |
a retrospective , comparative cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent 152 primary pcl reconstruction surgeries performed by a single surgeon between april 2004 and october 2008 . grade ii pcl injuries combined with other ligamentous or grade iii pcl injuries were considered for surgical treatment when the ... | backgroundthe purpose of the present study was to compare the clinical results of 3 posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques according to the time from injury to surgery and remnant pcl status and to evaluate the efficiency of each technique.methodsthe records of 89 patients who underwent primary pcl recon... |
commercial porcine vaccines and viruses a total of 25 commercially available porcine vaccines were obtained from licensed manufacturers and pharmaceutical suppliers in taiwan ( table 1 ) .
viral dna was extracted from each vaccine using the qiaamp dna extraction kit ( qiagen , usa ) according to the manufacturer s i... | a loop - mediated isothermal amplification ( lamp ) method with a real - time monitoring system was developed for the detection of porcine circovirus type 1 ( pcv1 ) in commercial swine vaccines .
this method was highly specific for pcv1 .
no cross - reaction to porcine circovirus type 2 , porcine parvovirus , pseu... |
idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss ( issnhl ) is one of the emergent conditions among various otologic diseases .
it is the acute onset of hearing loss of 30 db in three contiguous frequencies , which may occur instantaneously or progressively over several days ( 1 ) .
it occurs mostly unilaterally , with... | the present study was undertaken to learn the outcome of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss ( issnhl ) in their only hearing ear .
timing to conduct a cochlear implantation was also determined in those who did not recover the hearing .
the study group comprised 25 patients who confronted iss... |
attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis ( afap ) is a milder variant of familial adenomatous polyposis ( fap ) , which manifests with fewer than hundred colorectal polyps , later age of onset of polyps and cancer , and a predilection toward involvement of the proximal colon in clusters.1 - 5 much of mutations in afap... | attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis ( afap ) is a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis with fewer than one hundred colorectal polyps and a later age of onset of the cancer . here , we report two cases of afap within family members .
each patient demonstrated the same novel germ line mutation in exon 15 of ... |
blood samples : heparinized blood samples were collected from cattle with
swallowing difficulty and from asymptomatic cattle from the same cowsheds where the affected
cattle were raised . the sampling was conducted on the two farms ( farms a and b ) where the
clinical cases were observed , on october 25 and 31 , ... | in japan in 2013 , two cattle in the northwestern part of kagoshima prefecture developed
fever and swallowing difficulty and were suspected of having ibaraki disease .
the
epizootic hemorrhagic virus ( ehdv ) genome was detected from diseased and asymptomatic
cattle by reverse transcription - polymerase chain r... |
in addition to classical endpoints , toxicogenomics methods have
been used to characterize the assays and to classify toxicants . for
regulatory purposes , the descriptive data from , e.g. , transcriptomics
or metabolomics approaches need to be converted to quantifiable measures
allowing one to compare and pred... | information on design principles
governing transcriptome changes
upon transition from safe to hazardous drug concentrations or from
tolerated to cytotoxic drug levels are important for the application
of toxicogenomics data in developmental toxicology . here
, we tested
the effect of eight concentrations of... |
chronic hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection has a detrimental effect on the health of persons with chronic kidney disease .
it leads to higher mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients compared to noninfected patients and reduces the survival rates of patients undergoing kidney transplantation as well as their g... | background .
there are few data on the combination of ( pegylated- ) interferon- ( peg - ifn- ) , ribavirin , and first - generation direct - acting antiviral agents ( daas ) .
our aim was to describe the efficacy and safety of peg - ifn- , ribavirin , and boceprevir in hemodialysis patients .
patients .
six h... |
arsenic is a toxic metalloid [ 1 , 2 ]
that exists throughout nature
in organic and inorganic forms .
it is
commonly present in soils on average at several mg / kg , as well as in marine
sediments , and is enriched in mineral deposits as oxides and sulfides .
the
basic element , arsenic , exists in eith... | arsenic - based compounds have become accepted agents for cancer therapy providing high rates of remission of some cancers such as acute promyelocytic leukemia ( apl ) .
the mechanisms by which arsenic - containing compounds kill cells and
reasons for selective killing of only certain types of cancer cells such as ... |
in july 2007 , an outbreak of ulceroglandular tularemia occurred in utah among visitors to the southwest shore of utah lake ; an epidemiologic investigation implicated deer fly bites as the source of infection ( 8) .
molecular subtyping of isolates was performed by using pmei pulsed - field gel electrophoresis ( pfge... | in july 2007 , a deer fly associated outbreak of tularemia occurred in utah .
human infections were caused by 2 clades ( a1 and a2 ) of francisella tularensis subsp .
tularensis .
lagomorph carcasses from the area yielded evidence of infection with a1 and a2 , as well as f. tularensis subsp .
holarctica .
th... |
in recent years , growth in the aging population has been observed in many countries and is progressing rapidly in japan in particular . because of this , the incidence of dementia in particular , alzheimer s disease ( ad)is rising rapidly ,
so there is a pressing need to provide effective treatment options for indi... | background with the increase in the aging population , there is a pressing need to provide effective treatment options for individuals with alzheimer s disease ( ad ) .
memantine is an n - methyl - d - aspartate receptor antagonist used to treat ad in > 80 countries worldwide , and studies in the usa and europe have ... |
in human , nkg2d ligands consist of two families ; the mhc - class - i- chain - related proteins ( mica and micb ) [ 1 , 2 ] and the cytomegalovirus ul16-binding protein family ( ulbp16 ) or retinoic acid early transcript 1 ( raet1e , g , h , i , n , and raet1l ) [ 3 , 4 ] which are polymorphic [ 57 ] .
the signaling... | major histocompatibility complex class i chain - related gene a ( mica ) is an nkg2d ligand that is over - expressed under cellular stress including cancer transformation and viral infection .
high expression of mica in cancer tissues or patients ' sera is useful for prognostic or follow - up markers in cancer patien... |
the american college of sports medicine ( acsm ) recommends that healthy adults should participate in moderately intense aerobic exercise , defined as 64
76% of one s maximal heart rate , for at least thirty minutes , five days per week .
this is considered the minimum threshold of aerobic exercise for one to maint... | the american college of sports medicine ( acsm ) recommends that healthy adults achieve a minimum of thirty minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise five days per week .
while cycling , walking , and jogging are commonly observed methods of achieving these recommendations , another option may be repetitive jump... |
the ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health ( luric ) study is a prospective cohort study designed to evaluate determinants of cardiovascular health ( 1517 ) . between july 1997 and january 2000
, 3,316 caucasian subjects referred for coronary angiography were recruited at the herzzentrum ( cardiac center ) ludwi... | objectiveoptimal vitamin d levels are associated with reduced cardiovascular and all - cause mortality .
we investigated whether optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin d ( 25[oh]d ) is protective in individuals with the metabolic syndrome.research design and methodsthe ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health ( luric ) study i... |
the use of autogenous bone grafts with osseointegrated implants was originally discussed by breine and branemark in 1980 . since then , numerous papers have been published that have presented a variety of procedures involving different types of implants , bone grafts , and other graft materials for oral and craniofacia... | highlightsthe tunnel technique for onlay bone grafting is a simple and easy to perform technique.we had no implant loss with the tunnel technique in the onlay bone graft.the fact that the periosteum is kept intact , is a crucial element for the survival and viability of the graft block . |
congenital hypothyroidism ( ch ) is a condition of insufficient production of a thyroid hormone , which is due to thyroid dysgenesis or thyroid dyshormonogenesis .
it results in irreversible damage of the central nervous system ( porterfield , 1994 ) , presenting serious mental and motor retardation ( simic et al . ,... | background : with early initiation of thyroxine supplementation , children with congenital hypothyroidism ( ch ) retain some subtle deficits , such as attention and inhibitory control problems .
this study assessed the effects of atomoxetine on cognitive functions in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disor... |
because the functional and morphological diversities of an
organism represent the value of the organism itself , the traditional biological
techniques used to characterize these properties provide
indispensable information . conventional biology techniques face
difficulties , however , such as classifying chara... | traditionally , organisms have been classified on the basis of their phenotype . recently , genotype - based classification has become possible through the development of sequencing technology . however , it is still difficult to apply sequencing approaches to the analysis of a large number of species due to the cost a... |
in 2009 , the world faced the emergence of a new strain of influenza virus ( 1 ) . the influenza a ( h1n1 ) virus spread rapidly , causing the first pandemic of the 21st century ( 2 ) . in brazil , the first confirmed case of infection with the new virus was reported on may 7th , 2009 by the brazilian health minister (... | in 2009 , the influenza a ( h1n1 ) virus spread rapidly around the world , causing the first pandemic of the 21st century . in 2010 , there was a vaccination campaign against this new virus subtype to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the disease in some countries , including brazil .
herein , we describe the cli... |
cadmium ( cd ) is often the result of environmental pollution caused by industrial and agricultural activities and it is widely dispersed into the environment ; hence , humans are exposed to it ubiquitously .
an earlier study showed that cd acts as a stressor and leads to metabolic alterations .
humans always come ... | backgrounddiet is the primary way cadmium ( cd ) enters the body in those without occupational exposure and who do not inhabit cd - polluted regions .
findings on the relationship between dietary cd exposure and breast cancer ( bc ) risk have been inconsistent ; a meta - analysis has supported this association but 2 ... |
pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis among women with mechanical prosthetic heart valves .
an anticoagulation management is important for both , mother and fetus.1 ) an increased thrombogenicity in pregnancy may be associated with several factors such as inherited coagulation defects , which m... | an effective anticoagulation is critical in pregnant patients with prosthetic heart valves .
inherited disorders may interfere with the coagulation cascade and may be associated with obstetrical complications as well as with prosthetic valve - derived complications .
the patient in the present case had a history of... |
gastric cancer is one of the most common fatal cancers , and patients are particularly prone to lymph node metastasis.1 the incidence for gastric carcinoma has had a recent increase , likely due to both environmental and social factors.1 effective methods for early diagnosis , monitoring metastasis , and prognosis are ... | introductiongastric cancer is a fatal malignancy with a rising incidence rate .
effective methods for early diagnosis , monitoring metastasis , and prognosis are currently unavailable for gastric cancer . in this study , we examined the association of programmed death ligand-1 ( pd - l1 ) and apurinic / apyrimidinic ... |
chemicals : all chemicals were purchased from sigma - aldrich corporation
( st . louis , mo , u.s.a . ) unless stated otherwise . plant material , preparation and isolation of trans--viniferin : the leaf
and stem of v. amurensis were gathered on keryong mountain in daejeon ,
korea .
botanical identification and... | abstracttrans--viniferin is a naturally occurring polyphenol belonging to the stilbenoid family
that has been isolated from vitis amurensis , one of the most common wild
grapes in asia .
we investigated the effects of trans--viniferin on in
vitro maturation ( ivm ) and developmental competence after in
vitro ... |
the following primary antibodies were used : mouse anti - wingless ( 1:1000 for standard protocol and 1:300 for extracellular staining ; dshb 4d4 ) , rabbit anti - ha ( 1:1000 , cell signalling ) , rat anti - ollas ( 1:10 , abnova ) , chicken anti - gfp ( 1:1000 , abcam ) , mouse anti - integrin ( 1:100 , dshb cf.6g11 ... | the apical and basolateral membranes of epithelia are insulated from each other , preventing the transfer of extracellular proteins from one side to the other1 .
thus , a signalling protein produced apically is not expected to reach basolateral receptors .
evidence suggests that wingless , the main drosophila wnt i... |
the aim of this report is to describe a single case of vitiligo induced by carbamazepine .
the case was a patient with bipolar i disorder whose medications were changed from valproate to carbamazepine and who developed vitiligo after a short while .
when depigmentation occurred , we immediately discontinued carbama... | objectivevitiligo is a rare side effect of carbamazepine whose exact mechanism is unknown .
the aim of this report is to describe a single case of vitiligo induced by carbamazepine.methodsthe case was a patient with bipolar i disorder whose medications were changed from valproate to carbamazepine and who developed vi... |
tubulointerstitial fibrosis ( tif ) is the final manifestation of end stage renal disease ( esrd )
and renal injury is correlated to the degree of renal interstitial fibrosis .
one of the major pathological characteristics of tif is the activated tubulointerstitial
fibroblasts transdifferentiating into myofibro... | background . studies have shown that
peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor- ( ppar- ) agonists could ameliorate renal fibrotic lesions in both diabetic nephropathy and nondiabetic chronic kidney diseases . in order to elucidate the antifibrotic mechanism of ppar- agonists , we investigated the effects of... |
participants were recruited from two prospective studies : the prospective research in memory ( prime ) clinics study and the australian imaging , biomarkers and lifestyle ( aibl ) study of aging . only data and biochemical measurements pertaining to baseline visits were included in this analysis .
the prime study re... | objectiveto investigate the associations of metformin , serum vitamin b12 , calcium supplements , and cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes.research design and methodsparticipants were recruited from the primary research in memory ( prime ) clinics study , the australian imaging , biomarkers and lifestyle ( ai... |
the most prevalent fracture that trauma surgeons manage are those involving the distal radius , accounting for 16% of all fractures .
nonoperative management is generally employed for stable nondisplaced fractures of the distal radius with the expectation of a good functional outcome [ 35 ] .
although some authors ... | purpose .
the management of unstable distal radial fractures in the superelderly ( 80 years old ) remains controversial .
the aim of this study was to compare the functional outcome of super - elderly patients with and without malunion after a distal radial fracture .
methods .
we identified 51 superelderly pat... |
interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma ( idcs ) is a very rare neoplasm arising from interdigitating reticular cells , which participate in the immune response as antigen presenting cells that stimulate t lymphocytes [ 1 , 2 ] .
tumor occurrence is usually seen at t - cell rich areas of lymph nodes in the cervical , ... | interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma ( idcs ) is a very rare and aggressive neoplasm that arises from antigen presenting cells .
idcs usually involves lymph nodes ; however , extra - nodal involvement has also been reported .
because a consistent standard therapy for idcs has not been established to date , we rep... |
chikungunya virus ( chikv ) is a positive - strand rna virus belonging to the genus alphavirus ( 1 , 2 ) . transmitted by the aedes mosquito ,
while chikungunya fever ( chikf ) outbreaks were previously restricted to tropical regions , the range of chikv has since expanded to temperate countries such as italy ( 6 ) a... | abstractchikungunya virus ( chikv ) infection is a reemerging pandemic human arboviral disease .
cd4 + t cells were previously shown to contribute to joint inflammation in the course of chikv infection in mice .
the jes6 - 1 anti - il-2 antibody selectively expands mouse regulatory t cells ( tregs ) by forming a co... |
as people age , age - related changes of physical function affect their ability to walk1 .
as the ability to walk in the elderly
decreases , there is an associated decrease in balance ability2 , 3 and independent daily
living activities4 and increased risk of
falling5 .
therefore , it is necessary for
the e... | [ purpose ] this study examined age - related differences in muscle control for support and
propulsion during walking in both males and females in order to develop optimal exercise
regimens for muscle control . [ subjects and methods ] twenty elderly people and 20 young
people participated in this study .
coord... |
lifestyle interventions and behavioral therapies , which may be combined with antimuscarinic treatment , are recommended in international guidelines as first - line therapy for patients with overactive bladder ( oab ) [ 1 , 2 ] .
failure to respond to conservative and pharmacological treatment of oab has previously b... | introduction and hypothesisunsatisfactory treatment outcome sometimes is described as frequently occurring in patients treated with first - line therapy for overactive bladder ( oab ) .
the present article reviews the different circumstances which may result in failure to respond to lifestyle interventions , behavior... |
during the past two decades there have been major advances in the pharmacological treatment of chronic heart failure . despite this
, severe heart failure remains a syndrome associated with very high mortality , profound reduction in quality of life , and frequent hospitalisation .
cardiac transplantation can be an... | despite the major advances in medical drug therapy , heart failure remains a syndrome associated with high mortality and morbidity .
biventricular or left ventricular ( lv ) short atrioventricular ( av ) delay pacing is being tested in congestive heart failure patients with left bundle branch block . the aim is to re... |
retinal angiomatous proliferation ( rap ) is a form of retinal - choroidal neovascularisation within the wet age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) category , characterised by intraretinal capillary proliferation , subretinal neovascularisation and a serous / vascularised pigment epithelial detachment including a r... | a 67-year - old male who presented to the eye casualty department with deterioration in his vision was diagnosed with retinal angiomatous proliferation . after initial deterioration with ranibizumab intravitreal injections ,
we have demonstrated successful treatment and stabilised vision with ranibizumab and a single... |
encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis ( eps ) is a rare but devastating complication of peritoneal dialysis ( pd ) .
herein , we report a case of a patient undergoing 12 years of pd who developed eps and calciphylaxis simultaneously . we also provide a comprehensive discussion about the association between eps and calci... | introductionencapsulating peritoneal sclerosis ( eps ) is a rare but devastating complication of peritoneal dialysis ( pd ) .
tamoxifen has been generally well - tolerated , even without randomized controlled trials.case presentationherein , we report a case of a patient undergoing 12 years of pd who developed eps an... |
the success of a dental restoration depends upon a number of factors such as the material chosen , its mechanical properties , anatomical form , surface texture , translucency and colour .
the most common aesthetic restorative material used in day to day practice for crown and bridge work is porcelain fused to metal ... | purposetranslucency and colour stability are two most important aspects for an aesthetic dental restoration .
glass ceramic restorations are popular amongst clinicians because of their superior aesthetic properties . in the last decade
, zirconia has generated tremendous interest due to its favorable mechanical and... |
burning mouth syndrome ( bms ) is a burning or itching sensation in the normal oral mucosa .
the pain is persistent , ranges from moderate to severe , and occurs particularly often in postmenopausal women .
the international association for the study of pain defines bms , which is also called stomatodynia , glossod... | we report a case of refractory burning mouth syndrome ( bms ) ameliorated with low dose of aripiprazole .
the patient was a 66-year - old female who had suffered from chronic burning pain in her tongue for 13 months .
no abnormality associated with the burning sensation was detected in the laboratory tests and the ... |
angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries by the budding of endothelial cells resident in the surrounding preexisting vessels .
it is a complex process that involves endothelial cell division , selective degradation of vascular basement membranes and of surrounding extracellular matrix and endothelial cell mig... | aim : to evaluate immunohistochemically vascular endothelial growth factor ( vegf ) and ki-67 in human gingival samples and to compare these factors between healthy and diabetic patients.materials and methods : a total of 50 subjects were included in the study .
they were categorized into three groups : periodontally... |
kidney
( renal ) cancer ,
which includes renal cell carcinomas and
transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis , is estimated to
have caused 13 680 deaths ( 8780 men and 4900 women ) in 2013 .
clear cell renal cell carcinoma ( ccrcc ) is the most common subtype
of kidney cancer , contributing approxim... | clear cell renal cell carcinoma
is the most prevalent of all reported kidney cancer cases , and currently
there are no markers for early diagnosis .
this has stimulated great
research interest recently because early detection of the disease
can significantly improve the low survival rate . combining the prote... |
autism spectrum disorder ( asd ) is defined by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction , and restricted , repetitive patterns of behavior , interests , or activities .
there have been recent changes made to the diagnostic criteria , including modifications to the core features .
although ... | background : research indicates that some children with autism spectrum disorder ( asd ) experience a developmental regression.aims:the study examined the percentage of children with autism , pervasive developmental disorder ( pdd ) , asd , and asperger syndrome ( as ) who were considered to be delayed ( d ) , regresse... |
imaging modality is an important aspect of the image for medical retrieval [ 16 ] . in user studies , clinicians have indicated that modality is one of the most important filters that they would like to be able to limit their search by .
many image retrieval websites ( goldminer , yottalook ) allow users to limit th... | we describe an approach for the automatic modality classification in medical image retrieval task of the 2010 clef cross - language image retrieval campaign ( imageclef ) .
this paper is focused on the process of feature
extraction from medical images and fuses the different extracted visual features and textual fe... |
upon developing a rapid
and efficient synthesis of 2,1-borazaronaphthalenes
starting from simple , readily available starting materials , we subsequently developed the suzuki
these studies
demonstrated the stability of these azaborines to transition metal catalysis and allowed access to functionalized
molecul... | unlike
their b - alkyl counterparts , brominated n - alkyl b - aryl 2,1-borazaronaphthalenes
undergo a self - arylation reaction in the presence of a catalytic amount
of palladium and base , in which the azaborine serves as both the electrophile
and the nucleophile .
the products of the self - arylation are a... |
healthy people 2020 recently identified the importance of sleep in the health and well - being of americans.1 one objective set forth in this initiative is to increase the proportion of adolescents and adults who get sufficient sleep .
although sleep deprivation among adolescents is not a new phenomenon , in recent y... | adolescent sleep needs range from 8.510 hours per night , with older adolescents requiring less sleep than younger adolescents . on average , however , american adolescents receive between 7.58.5 hours of sleep per night , with many sleeping fewer than 6.5 hours on school nights .
cellular phone use is emerging as an... |
trypsin ( sequencing grade ) was
purchased from promega ( madison , wi ) .
isotope - labeled peptides were
obtained from new england peptide ( gardner , ma ) with either u c6 , u
n2-lysine
( + 8 da ) or u c6 , u n4-arginine ( + 10 da ) at the peptide c terminus . chemical
purity was ranged from 95 to 99%... | quantitative analysis of protein biomarkers in plasma is typically
done by elisa , but this method is limited by the availability of high - quality
antibodies .
an alternative approach is protein immunoprecipitation
combined with multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry ( ip - mrm ) .
we compared ip - m... |
all authors were involved in drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content , and all authors approved the final version for publication .
dr . fukui had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy o... | highlightsit is important to accurately diagnose the status of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head and to consider another possible pathogenesis when a patient with idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head has hip pain even without femoral - head collapse.ignored or misdiagnosed concomitant femoroacetabula... |
tuberculosis is a major public health problem worldwide . although tuberculosis is a treatable disease ,
there were 8.8 million cases of tuberculosis and 1.45 million deaths from tuberculosis in 2010 . with an incidence of 2.3 million cases ,
india has the highest burden of tuberculosis in the world , and one out o... | despite the impressive global results of dots in india , the effectiveness of dots for the treatment of tuberculosis in hiv - infected patients is not well known .
this is an observational prospective cohort study performed in anantapur district , andhra pradesh , india .
the study included 1000 dots antituberculo... |
acupressure and massage therapy are effective non - pharmacologic therapies and can be effective in reducing menstrual pain .
the body 's vital energy , called chi in chinese medicine , moves in the body pathways known as meridians .
the increase or decrease of energy in each meridian can affect the health of speci... | background : primary dysmenorrhea may lead to severe anxiety and pain relief during menstruation may reduce the anxiety levels .
this study was aimed to determine the effect of acupressure at third liver and placebo points on the anxiety level in patients with primary dysmenorrhea.materials and methods : this clinica... |
abdominal adipose tissue is composed of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue . visceral adipose tissue can be subdivided into omental , mesenteric , and retro- or extra - peritoneal depots .
obesity is a known risk factor for various diseases , and measurements of adipose tissue are commonly used in obesity resea... | computed tomography ( ct ) exams were conducted to determine the distribution of abdominal fat identified based on the ct number measured in hounsfield units ( hu ) and to measure the volume of the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in minipigs .
the relationship between the ct - based fat volumes of several ver... |
multiple sclerosis ( ms ) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system ( cns ) which causes progressive neurological disability over time . affecting more than two million people worldwide ,
ms is recognized as the leading cause of nontraumatic neurological disability in young adults . for many patients... | multiple sclerosis ( ms ) is a disease of the central nervous system ( cns ) believed to arise from a dysfunctional immune - mediated response in a genetically susceptible host .
the actual cause of ms is not known , and there is ongoing debate about whether this cns disorder is predominantly an inflammatory versus a... |
transgender women ( ie , male - to - female ) have one of the highest incidence and prevalence of hiv infection in the united states and around the world .
preexposure prophylaxis ( prep ) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ( tdf)emtricitabine ( ftc ) is a promising modality to curb hiv incidence in this population ,... | abstract : studies of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ( tdf)-emtricitabine ( ftc)based preexposure prophylaxis ( prep ) have not focused on transgendered women who are at disproportionate risk of hiv acquisition .
concerns exist for drug interactions between cross - sex therapy ( estradiol , progestins , and spironolac... |
this work was supported by the seed fund from the mechanobiology institute at the national university of singapore . | intracellular and extracellular mechanical environments have a significant impact on survival and proliferation of cells .
while the extracellular signal - regulated kinase ( erk ) subfamily of map kinases plays critical roles in regulations of these cellular behaviors , activation of erk is affected by mechanical co... |
the site of capture of flounder in the mersey estuary ( and in nearby liverpool bay ) , the method of capture , and the method of sample collection are described in previous articles ( allen et al .
data on vtg concentrations used in the present study were taken from these previous studies . however , the analysis of... | high concentrations of vitellogenin ( vtg ; egg yolk protein ) have previously been found in male flounder ( platichthys flesus ) from several uk estuaries ; these levels have been ascribed to the presence of estrogenic endocrine - disrupting compounds ( edcs ) .
gonadal abnormalities , including intersex , have also... |
a sensitive scalp is a frequent problem in daily clinical practice and often represents a major challenge for dermatologists .
in particular , patients with hair loss or alopecia frequently also complain of scalp problems that must be taken into account for a successful treatment program .
the main complaint of the... | background : a sensitive scalp is a frequent problem in daily clinical practice and often represents a major challenge for dermatologists.objective:the objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a northamerican virginian witch hazel ( hamamelis virginiana)-based shampoo and tonic ( erol energy ) for treatment of the sen... |
interferon tau ( ifnt ) is produced by trophectoderm cells of conceptuses of ruminant species and is the maternal recognition of the pregnancy signal .
besides its critical roles in implantation and establishment of pregnancy in ruminants [ 1 , 2 ] , it has a plethora of physiological functions in various cell types ... | this study was conducted to explore the effects of interferon tau ( ifnt ) on the intestinal microbiota and expression of interleukin 17 ( il-17 ) in the intestine of mice .
ifnt supplementation increased microbial diversity in the jejunum and ileum but decreased microbial diversity in the feces .
ifnt supplementat... |
opioid receptors in the periaqueductal gray
( pag ) contribute to a wide range of behaviors .
these include nociceptive
modulation , cardiovascular regulation , thermoregulation , and locomotor activity
[ 15 ] . although mu - opioid receptors ( mor ) are known to contribute to
pag mediated antinociception [ 6... | chronic morphine administration shifts delta - opioid receptors ( dors ) from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane . given that microinjection of morphine into the pag
produces antinociception , it is hypothesized that the movement of dors to the membrane will allow antinociception to the dor agonist deltorphin ii as... |
selaginella doederleinii hieron , as a traditional chinese medicine , is a well - known perennial pteridophyte plant growing in south and southwestern china at the low altitude .
it has the function of eliminating wind , scattering frigidity , detumescence , and treating cough . in the reported research ,
different... | 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl - ultra - high performance liquid chromatography - q - time - of - flight mass spectrometry ( dpph - uplc - q - tof / ms ) , as a rapid and efficient means , now was used for the first time to screen antioxidants from selaginella doederleinii .
the nine biflavone compounds were screened ... |
the study of transcriptional mechanisms of addiction is based on the hypothesis that regulation of gene expression is one important mechanism by which chronic exposure to a drug of abuse causes long - lasting changes in the brain that underlie the behavioral abnormalities that define a state of addiction.1,2 ) a coroll... | regulation of gene expression is considered a plausible mechanism of drug addiction given the stability of behavioral abnormalities that define an addicted state .
numerous transcription factors , proteins that bind to regulatory regions of specific genes and thereby control levels of their expression , have been imp... |
it is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting both the hair follicles and the nail apparatus , with t - lymphocyte infiltration and chemokine expression being characteristic in involved tissue ( 1 ) .
the prevalence rates of aa is 0.1% in the world population ( 2 ) and 0.9 - 6.9% in korea ( 3 ) .
the association ... | monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( mcp-1 ) levels are increased in scalp lesions of patients with alopecia areata ( aa ) , suggesting a role in the development of aa .
recently , a biallelic a / g polymorphism in the mcp-1 promoter at position -2518 has been found , influencing the level of mcp-1 expression in resp... |
total hip arthroplasty ( tha ) is widely performed for the purpose of alleviating pain and
improving activities of daily living ( adls ) .
it is important to repair the hip center and
lever arm that cause decreased mechanical efficiency due to hip deformity and to improve
mechanical efficiency when reconstructi... | [ purpose ] the importance and effect of hip joint geometry on hip abductor muscle strength
are well known .
in addition , other perioperative factors are also known to affect hip
abductor muscle strength .
this study examined the relative importance of factors affecting
hip abductor muscle strength after tot... |
although uterine rotation due to a myoma is a rare complication of pregnancy 1 , obstetricians should be alerted to avoid making an incorrect uterine incision during cesarean section . a 35-year - old woman ( gravida 1 , para 0 ) was referred to our hospital for delivery because her pregnancy was complicated by a left ... | key clinical messagein pregnancies complicated by large myomas , obstetricians may face difficulties during cesarean section if they fail to notice the rotation of the uterus and could make an incorrect uterine incision
. this error might cause massive intraoperative hemorrhage .
obstetricians must exercise extreme... |
consistent and replicable mechanical force on target spinal tissue is critical for minimizing functional and histological variability and for establishing successful contusive spinal cord injury ( sci ) models .
the amount of force applied to a target region of the spinal cord depends on the methods utilized for spin... | clinically - relevant animal cervical spinal cord injury ( sci ) models are essential for developing and testing potential therapies ; however , producing reliable cervical sci is difficult due to lack of satisfactory methods of vertebral stabilization .
the conventional method to stabilize the spine is to suspend th... |
the majority of these studies were conducted with adult male sprague - dawley rats from a selective - breeding colony which has been previously described14 .
selectively - bred rats from generations s18 , s20 and s21 were transported from the university of michigan ( ann arbor , mi ) to the university of washington (... | individuals make choices and prioritize goals using complex processes that assign value to rewards and associated stimuli . during pavlovian learning ,
previously neutral stimuli that predict rewards can acquire motivational properties , whereby they themselves become attractive and desirable incentive stimuli .
bu... |
uterine artery fibroid embolisation ( uae ) has now been used in clinical practice for > 2 decades in the management of symptomatic uterine fibroids [ 1 , 2 ] .
it is estimated that > 50,000 procedures have been performed worldwide since ravina reported his series in france in 1995 [ 3 , 4 ] .
uae is emerging as an... | we report a 44-year - old woman who developed a fatal pulmonary embolus after uterine artery fibroid embolisation ( uae ) .
bilateral uae was carried out through a single right - femoral artery puncture .
the largest fibroid in the anterior fundal wall measured 4.5 cm , and the largest fibroid in the posterior fun... |
pulmonary hypertension ( ph ) can be described as a complication caused by progressive obstruction and obliteration of the pulmonary arteries , ultimately leading to a progressive rise in pulmonary vascular resistance ( pvr ) and right ventricular ( rv ) failure and death .
ph may be classified into five categories :... | pulmonary hypertension ( ph ) continues to be a disease that is associated with woeful outcomes .
the search for an ideal drug molecule for ph led to the discovery of riociguat , which is a first - in - class drug molecule that activates soluble guanylate cyclase .
we conducted a systematic literature search using ... |
we used statewide reported ntm isolate data from all laboratories in oregon collected during 20072012 . from these data ,
we defined disseminated ntm as a reported ntm isolate from blood , cerebrospinal fluid , bone marrow , lymph node , or other sterile site in an oregon resident > 18 years of age . in a sensitivity... | we determined disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria incidence in the hiv - infected population of oregon , usa , during 20072012 by using statewide laboratory surveillance .
we identified 37 disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria cases among 7,349 patients with median annual incidence of 110/100,000 hiv person -... |
a promising strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases involves pharmacologically induced activation of a coordinated antioxidant genetic program to shift the intracellular redox balance towards a homeostatic state by means of expression of detoxifying proteins and antioxidant enzymes . a key transcriptio... | this mini - review presents the authors ' vision on the current status and future trends in the development of neuroprotective agents working via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( nrf2 ) , and in particular , via disruption of nrf2-keap1 interaction .
there are two opposite chemical mechan... |
search cvd is an ancillary study to the search for diabetes in youth study , conducted in colorado and ohio .
search is a multicenter study that conducts population - based ascertainment of nongestational cases of physician - diagnosed diabetes in youth age < 20 years at diagnosis ( 15 ) .
a total of 402 search par... | objectivereduced heart rate variability ( hrv ) and increased arterial stiffness ( as ) are both present in youth with type 1 diabetes .
however , it is unclear whether they are associated and whether their association is independent of cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) risk factors.research design and methodsthe search... |
the authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 75 eyes from 75 consecutive patients with exudative amd who were treated only with intravitreal injections of 2.5 mg of bevacizumab between 1 january , 2006 , and 31 june , 2008 , at the vitreoretinal clinic of the inha university hospital , incheon , korea . ... | purposethe purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacogenetic effects of complement factor h ( cfh ) y402h , loc387715 and high - temperature requirement factor a1 ( htra1 ) genotypes on the treatment of exudative age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) by intravitreal bevacizumab injection in a korean popul... |
the biogenesis and function of eukaryotic mrnas involves a diversity of biochemical reactions . these include capping , splicing , and polyadenylation in the nucleus , as well as transport to the cytosol , where the mrna is engaged in translation before ultimately being degraded . in each case , the biochemical reactio... | in eukaryotic cells many mrnas are localized to specific regions of the cytosol , thereby allowing the local production of proteins .
the process of mrna localization can be coordinated with mrna turnover , which can also be spatially controlled to increase the degree of mrna localization .
the coordination of mrna... |
mycoplasma pneumoniae ( mp ) is one of the most common respiratory tract pathogens in community - acquired pneumonia ( cap ) patients . as one of the smallest bacterial organisms ,
mp is recognized as a capable of existence in both extracellular and intracellular environments which might facilitate the establishment ... | background : this study aimed to explore the cellular morphology of respiratory epithelium in mycoplasma pneumonia ( mpp ) patients.materials and methods : the cast - off cell morphological findings from bronchoscopic brushings in mpp and community - acquired pneumonia ( cap ) caused by typical pathogens were reviewed.... |
the last decade or so has seen substantial interdisciplinary activity between the arts and sciences , with many scientists applying knowledge and methods from their own areas in order to gain new insights into how art is made and appreciated ( journal of consciousness studies , 1999 , 2000 , 2004 ; zeki , 1999 ; living... | in this article i will discuss the intersection between art and neuroscience from the perspective of a practicing artist .
i have collaborated on several scientific studies into the effects of art on the brain and behavior , looking in particular at the phenomenon of visual indeterminacy .
this is a perceptual sta... |
a continuous hydrolipidic film , representing the actual interface between the epidermal viable layers and outer environment , covers human skin .
skin surface lipids ( ssls ) are a mixture of sebaceous and epidermal lipids , displaying a very peculiar composition as compared to lipid fractions of serum or internal t... | skin surface lipid ( ssl ) film is a mixture of sebum and keratinocyte membrane lipids , protecting skin from environment .
its composition is unique for the high percentage of long chain fatty acids , and of the polyterpenoid squalene , absent in other human tissues , and in non - human primates sebum . here ,
the... |
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