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cancer vaccine targeting hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) tumor antigens have been tested in clinical trials .
however , cancer vaccines using tumor - antigen - derived peptides have not demonstrated adequate antitumor efficacy in clinical trials for advanced hcc .
glypican-3 ( gpc3 ) , a carcinoembryonic antigen ,... | we recently reported the safety , immunological and clinical responses to a gpc3-derived peptide vaccine in a phase i clinical trial of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) .
we conducted a subsequent trial in advanced hcc to assess the histopathological findings before and after vaccination with t... |
research into the use of cell therapy for cardiac regeneration has undergone explosive growth over the prior two decades in both pre - clinical models of infarct healing and in numerous clinical trials .
while early studies sought to replace damaged myocardium with implantation of autologous satellite cells ( for a f... | research into cell therapy based cardiac repair and regeneration has experienced explosive growth over the last decade , however further progress is hindered by an inability to serially and non - invasively image cell survival and fate decisions following implantation .
recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (... |
olefin metathesis is
a highly versatile tool for the generation
of carbon carbon bonds , and a variety of applications have
evolved around its implementation .
the broad utility of olefin metathesis is a consequence of the exceptional
selectivity , activity , and functional - group compatibility of select
... | olefin metathesis has emerged as
a promising strategy for modulating
the stability and activity of biologically relevant compounds ; however ,
the ability to control olefin geometry in the product remains a challenge .
recent advances in the design of cyclometalated ruthenium catalysts
has led to new strategi... |
ischemia - induced pathologic growth of new blood vessels and expansion of extracellular matrix ( ecm ) in association with the outgrowth of fibrovascular epiretinal membranes at the vitreoretinal interface is the pathological hallmark in proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( pdr ) and often leads to catastrophic loss o... | the aim of this study was to determine the levels of the angiogenic and fibrogenic factors osteopontin ( opn ) , high - mobility group box-1 ( hmgb1 ) , and connective tissue growth factor ( ctgf ) and the antiangiogenic and antifibrogenic pigment epithelium - derived factor ( pedf ) in the vitreous fluid from patients... |
patients who are edentulous in the lower jaw and have to wear lower denture would usually complain of the poor retention . the retention is directly related to the vertical and torsion forces received , in other words , denture resistance against separation force from its sit .
denture stability is believed widely to... | objective : retention and resistance of the implant - tissue supported overdenture may be affected by the type of attachment . the aim of this research was to compare the retention and resistance of nobel biocare ball ( nbb ) , nobel biocare bar and clip ( nbbc ) and sterngold era red ( erar ) attachments on an implant... |
snapping hip , also known as coxa saltans , is characterized by an audible snapping sound or sensation felt when the hip is in motion , and may be associated with pain1 ) .
of different types , external snapping hip is accompanied by popping noise when the posterior border of the iliotibial band slides over the great... | purposethe purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of arthroscopic treatment for recalcitrant external snapping hip.materials and methodsbetween september 2011 and june 2013 , we evaluated 7 patients ( 10 cases ) with snapping hip who were refractory to conservative treatments for at least 3 months .... |
colchicine is a widely used drug for treatment of familial mediterranean fever ( fmf ) .
clinical manifestations of colchicine intoxication include abdominal cramps , diarrhea , myotoxicity , hemolytic anemia and ( pan)cytopenia .
a 9-years - old female patient , receiving colchicine for four months with a dose of ... | colchicine is frequently used in the treatment of familial mediterranean fever ( fmf ) .
first symptoms of colchicine intoxication are gastrointestinal disturbances , such as abdominal cramps , diarrhea , pancytopenia and so on .
herein , we report a female fmf patient with pancytopenia and hemophagocytic lymphohit... |
a hundred and fifty patients with end - stage renal disease were assessed for eligibility .
the study was a prospective , randomized , controlled clinical trial ( iranian clinical registration number 138811182370n6 ) , and conducted at two tertiary - care urban medical center .
patients with end - stage renal disea... | background : chronic hemodialysis patients frequently require vascular access through central venous catheters ( cvcs ) .
the most significant complication of these catheters is infection .
this risk can be lowered by the use of an antibiotic - heparin lock .
this study focuses on hemodialysis patients using tunn... |
mechanical plaque control is largely the responsibility of the individual using toothbrushes and interdental cleaning devices . despite one 's best efforts ,
mechanical aids fail to adequately remove plaque biofilm , for which chemical plaque control is often recommended as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control to ... | background : chlorhexidine ( chx ) is considered as a gold standard of antimicrobial rinses .
various herbal oral rinses are available in the market .
however , little is known of its effectiveness.aim:the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical changes after the usage of herbal oral rinse and 0.12% chx.mate... |
the contributing causes of dn pathogenesis and progression are still poorly understood but chronic hyperglycemia and high blood pressure represent the main risk factors for disease onset .
, high systemic blood pressure usually determines an increase of the intraglomerular pressure and glomerular filtration rate ( gf... | diabetic nephropathy ( dn ) , a microvascular complication occurring in approximately 2040% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) , is characterized by the progressive impairment of glomerular filtration and the development of kimmelstiel - wilson lesions leading to end - stage renal failure ( esrd ) .
... |
in terms of phylogeny , aggression is among the oldest of evolved behavior patterns ( blanchard and blanchard , in press ) .
exemplars of aggression have been reported in animals without a central nervous system ; in a host of invertebrates ; and in each of the seven classes of vertebrates , including the most primit... | the function of manes in lions has been a topic of scientific interest since darwin ( 1871 ) suggested that it provides protection in intraspecific fights .
recent experimental studies on wild lions have emphasized the role of female selection , but analyses of specific attack behaviors and targets , and the social c... |
proteomic studies typically use tandem mass spectrometry ( ms / ms ) employing collision - induced dissociation ( cid ) for identification ( and quantification ) of large numbers of peptides and proteins [ 1 , 2 ] .
however , complete assignment of the product ions remains impossible because of limitations in our und... | bottom up proteomic studies typically use tandem mass spectrometry data to infer peptide ion sequence , enabling identification of the protein whence they derive .
the majority of such studies employ collision - induced dissociation ( cid ) to induce fragmentation of the peptide structure giving diagnostic b- , y- , ... |
neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses ( ncls ) are a group of progressive neurogenetic disorders . in 1998 ,
categorized the ncls into five major groups based primarily on age , clinical presentation , histological findings , and genetic loci ; infantile ncl ( incl ) , late infantile / early childhood ncl ( lincl ) , juveni... | the diagnosis of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ( jncl ) is usually based on age of onset , initial clinical symptoms , clinical progression , and pathologic findings .
our cases manifested atypical clinical symptomatology and/or pathologic findings and therefore , represent variant forms of jncl .
case 1 ... |
phenolic compounds are the most commonly studied of all secondary metabolites because of their significant concentration and their significant roles in plant tissues [ 1 , 2 ] .
this highly diverse group of secondary metabolites widely is distributed in vegetable foods ( legumes , cereals , and fruits ) and beverages... | chemical analysis of the sri lankan tea ( camellia sinensis , l. ) germplasm would immensely contribute to the success of the tea breeding programme .
however , the polyphenols , particularly catechins ( flavan-3-ols ) , are readily prone to oxidation in the conventional method of sample preparation .
therefore , o... |
with the aggravation of environmental pollution , lung cancer is almost the most malignant tumor in the world with its high morbidity and mortality.1 the most common histologic subtype is non - small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) , which accounts for 80% of all lung cancers.2 although much progress has been made in the tr... | backgroundepidermal growth factor receptor ( egfr ) mutation status plays an important role in therapeutic decision making for non - small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) patients .
since egfr mutation - specific antibodies ( e746-a750del and l858r ) have been developed , egfr mutation detection by immunohistochemistry ( ... |
we compared bona - fide human induced pluripotent stem cells ( ipsc ) derived from umbilical cord blood ( cb ) and neonatal keratinocytes ( k ) . as a consequence of both incomplete erasure of tissue - specific methylation and aberrant de novo methylation , cb - ipsc and k - ipsc are distinct in genome - wide dna methy... | |
to investigate the anti - ulcerogenic properties of the chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root in rats .
other anti - ulcer related activities of the extract such as the effects on free radicals and antimicrobial activity were also evaluated .
chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root was found t... | purpose : to investigate the anti - ulcerogenic properties of the chloroform extract of flemingia strobilifera root in rats.methods:anti-ulcer effect was evaluated by water immersion induced ulcer in rats .
other anti - ulcer related activities of the extract such as the effects on free radicals and antimicrobial act... |
lead is a soft , pliable , bluish - grey metal resistant to corrosion , that exists in both organic and inorganic forms . this metal does not conduct electricity and it owns antiradiation properties . lead poisoning in children is an important health problem , accounting for 0.6% of the global burden of the disease acc... | abstractbackground : lead is a toxic element of the environment which leads to major complications once it enters the blood stream , affecting multiple organs and systems of the body.methods:we present the case of a 16-year - old girl , diagnosed with lead poisoning after occupational exposure due to the fact that the ... |
atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome ( ahus ) is an orphan disease , with an incidence of 25 cases per million [ 1 , 2 ] .
ahus is characterized by haemolytic microangiopathic anaemia , thrombocytopaenia and acute renal failure ( arf ) , with signs or symptoms of thrombotic microangiopathy ( tma ) in other organs .
... | atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome ( ahus ) is a rare disease characterized by haemolytic microangiopathic anaemia , thrombocytopaenia and acute onset of renal failure , in the absence of escherichia coli infection .
renal damage usually progresses to end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) , sometimes being accompanied... |
severe accidental hypothermia is a condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality . in the years 20092012 the polish national statistics department reported 1836 deaths due to excessive exposure to natural cold .
the severe accidental hypothermia center ( clhg centrum leczenia hipotermii glebokiej ) w... | abstractdarocha , tomasz , sylweriusz kosinski , maciej moskwa , anna jarosz , dorota sobczyk , robert galazkowski , marcin slowik , and rafal drwila .
the role of hypothermia coordinator : a case of hypothermic cardiac arrest treated with ecmo .
high alt biol med 16:352 - 355 , 2015.we present a description of eme... |
involutional entropion is a common condition in asian countries , including japan.1 one cause of involutional entropion is weakening of the capsulopalpebral fascia ( cpf).2 the aged , thin , membranous nature of the cpf limits the results of correction by the original jones procedures alone , so we added the modified h... | purposeinvolutional entropion is a common condition in asian countries , including japan .
one cause of involutional entropion is weakening of the capsulopalpebral fascia ( cpf ) .
the aged , thin , membranous nature of the cpf limits the results of correction by the original jones procedure ( cpf tightening ) alon... |
pulmonary embolus ( pe ) refers to obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by material ( e.g. , thrombus , tumor , air , or fat ) that originated elsewhere in the body . despite the high - incidence of pulmonary embolism
, its diagnosis continues to be difficult primarily because of the nonspecific... | acute massive pulmonary embolism is a life - threatening emergency that must be promptly diagnosed and managed . over the last several years
, the use of computed tomography scanning has improved the clinician 's ability to diagnose acute pulmonary embolism .
we report two cases of acute massive pulmonary embolism ... |
the symptoms of malaria include fever and anemia , and most of the deaths are caused by the parasite plasmodium falciparum .
the merozoite form of the parasite invades red cells , grows to form ring- , trophozoite- and schizont stages , and after rupture of the infected red cell new merozoites are released that are r... | immunity against malaria develops slowly and only after repeated exposure to the parasite .
many of those that die of the disease are children under five years of age .
antibodies are an important part of immunity , but which antibodies that are protective and how these should be measured are still unclear .
we d... |
ocular cysticercosis is caused by the growth of the larval form of taenia solium within ocular tissues.1,2 the cysts may be located in descending order of frequency in the subretinal space ( 35% ) , vitreous ( 22% ) , conjunctiva ( 22% ) , anterior segment ( 5% ) and orbit ( 1%).3 intraocular cysticercosis usually pres... | a 31-year - old man of asian descent presented with loss of vision in his right eye from 6 months earlier .
best corrected visual acuity ( bcva ) was limited to light perception in the right eye and was 6/6 , n6 in the left one . slit lamp examination revealed normal anterior segments bilaterally .
intraocular pres... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s13555 - 015 - 0088-z ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
dermoscopy is a valuable noninvasive technique that increases diagnostic accuracy in melanoma and non - melanoma skin cancer [ 1 , 2 ] . recently , its use as an aid in t... | introductiona relatively novel application for dermoscopy is its use in the monitoring of topical treatment response for non - melanoma skin cancer .
basal cell carcinoma ( bcc ) is the most frequent type of skin cancer in humans .
surgical excision is still considered the gold - standard of treatment .
however... |
the lens samples were removed from the manufacturer packaging , placed front ( convex ) surface down on a clean glass slide , cross - sectioned with a razor blade and mounted onto a lens holder for sem imaging with a hitachi model s-3400n sem at an iso 17025 accredited laboratory .
the images were recorded at an acce... | backgroundlimbal ring ( also known as
circle ) contact lenses are becoming increasingly popular , especially in asian markets because of their eye - enhancing effects .
the pigment particles that give the eye - enhancing effects of these lenses can be found on the front or back surface of the contact lens or
encl... |
patient informed consent was not required for this retrospective analysis , though radiological examination - related informed consents were obtained from all patients before pet / ct and ct were performed .
the inclusion criteria for this study were as follows : 1 ) pathologically confirmed malignant tumor in the pe... | objectivethe aim of this study was to assess the clinical role of 18f - fdg pet / ct for the evaluation of lymph node metastasis in periorbital malignancies , compared with ct alone.materials and methodswe analyzed eighteen pet / ct and ct scans in 15 patients with biopsy - proven periorbital malignancies .
we compar... |
extra - hepatic hepatoid carcinomas are a rare group of aggressive tumors with clinical and pathologic features that closely resemble hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc )
. they may arise in many areas outside of the liver including lungs , bladder , kidneys , uterus and ovaries , but most commonly in the stomach ( young... | primary hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary ( hco ) is a rare aggressive tumor that typically presents at an advanced stage in postmenopausal women with unilateral or bilateral ovarian masses and elevated afp and ca125 .
we report a case of hco in a 73 year - old woman who presented with abdominal distention , weight lo... |
langerhans cell histiocytosis ( lch ) is a rare neoplastic disease of antigen - presenting cells , with an incidence rate of 4.05.4/1 million individuals .
the most frequent sites of occurrence are skin , bone , central nervous system ( cns ) .
computed tomography ( ct ) , magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) , ultra... | langerhans cell histiocytosis ( lch ) is a rare clonal proliferative disease , with an incidence rate of 4.05.4/1 million individuals .
lch encompasses a spectrum of disorders with diverse clinical presentations ranging from a single organ to multiple organ involvement .
lch rarely involves the thyroid gland .
we... |
major depressive disorder ( mdd ) is the most common mood disorder with a significant effect on the progression of medical conditions.1 factors accompanying depression , such as patients ' failure to look after their health , inability to adapt to their environment , social dissociation , chronic stresses of life , cig... | objective : to investigate the relation between major depressive disorder and metabolic risk factors of coronary heart disease.introduction:little evidence is available indicating a relationship between major depressive disorder and metabolic risk factors of coronary heart disease such as lipoprotein and apolipoprotein... |
osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fractures associated with chronic pain , disability , and mortality 1 .
osteoporosis is caused by a disturbance of the number or activity of osteoclasts , resulting in inappropriately high bo... | objective : to evaluate the bone mineral density ( bmd ) in the lumbar spine and femur in postmenopausal women with cervical cancer and endometrial cancer without bone metastasis in comparison with that in healthy control postmenopausal women , and to assess the loss of bmd according to the cancer stage.materials and m... |
respiratory distress continues to account for significant
mortality and morbidity in the neonatal intensive care unit . at
birth ,
respiratory
distress syndrome ( rds ) in premature infants is caused by a
structural immaturity of lungs and the insufficient production of
surfactant and its incidence is inver... | the purpose of this present study was to evaluate the serum levels of et-1 and tgf- in the newborns with respiratory distress . in this study , newborns with respiratory distress hospitalized into the newborn intensive care unit were included .
the highest values of et-1 and tgf- were obtained from newborns with diag... |
thyroid cancer is the 10th commonest cause of cancer in russian women , and the age - specific incidence of thyroid cancer has been on the rise . while most thyroid cancers have a good prognosis , those that show tracheal invasion often show poor survival because of extensive resection or tumor recurrence .
surgical ... | published reports on salvage treatment for trachea reconstruction after total thyroidectomy or partial tracheotomy are available , some of them using structures of the trachea itself , auricular cartilage , a musculocutaneous flap , or other methods . in our report
, we emphasize the importance of a search for a new ... |
the history of cross - cultural exchanges between the people of india and their colonial rulers provides a fascinating insight into how these encounters shaped medicine and medical education in india .
given the backdrop of colonialism and hegemony , the confluence of the east and the west was turbulent .
in the 16... | the cross - cultural exchanges between the people of india and their colonial rulers provides a fascinating insight into how these encounters shaped medicine and medical education in india .
this article traces the history of how indian medicine was transformed in the backdrop of colonialism and hegemony .
it goes ... |
in the recent past , even many historians of medicine and science have endorsed the widespread belief that the exodus of central european scientists and physicians during the nazi period could readily be described in terms of a linear equation of the subtractions and additions of intellect .
this common interpretatio... | abstractthis article is a historiographical exploration of the special forms of knowledge generation and knowledge transmission that occur along local cultural boundaries in the modern neurosciences . following the inauguration of the so - called
law on the re - establishment of a professional civil service in nazi ... |
in total , 196 male and female libyan citizens from many governmental and private dental clinics in tripoli participated in the study .
the participants were examined between january and march 2012 , and all of them gave informed consent for participation .
the study comprised patients and control participants betw... | backgroundchronic periodontitis ( cp ) is a common oral disease characterized by inflammation in the supporting tissue of the teeth
the periodontium , periodontal attachment loss , and alveolar bone loss .
the disease has a microbial etiology ; however , recent findings suggest that the genetic factors , such as vi... |
acne vulgaris is a very common chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous glands , which may occur with comedones , papules , pustule forms , cysts , nodules , and scarring in different area of the body , especially face . without proper treatment , it can cause scarring and hyperpigmentation .
the prevalence ... | background : acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous follicles and one of the most common skin diseases . the peeling method has been recently found to be effective for acne treatment .
this study aimed to compare the efficacy of pyruvic acid 50% and salicylic acid 30% peeling in the trea... |
hermansky and pudlak reported in 1959 two cases of unrelated albinos with lifelong bleeding tendency and peculiar pigmented reticular cells in the bone marrow as well as in lymph nodes and liver biopsies .
one albino was female and the other was male , both were 33 years old .
after her death , autopsy revealed hor... | we report a child with hermansky - pudlak syndrome ( hps ) and chronic kidney disease ( stage ii ) with histological diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ( fsgs ) . a 15-year - old male of puerto rico ancestry with history of hps , hypertension ( htn ) , asthma , obesity , and chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) ... |
a 60-year - old gentleman presented to our institution with pain and dimness of vision in both eyes . on evaluation , his best corrected visual acuity ( bcva ) was 20/80 in right eye ( re ) and 20/120 in left eye ( le ) .
his cup - to - disc ratio was 0.6 re and 0.85 le with loss of the neural rim .
he was prescrib... | limbal relaxing incisions ( lris ) are considered a relatively safe procedure with rapid stabilization and absence of infectious complications .
do we need to readdress this last impression ?
we report a case of nocardia endophthalmitis associated with an exudate at the site of an lri in a patient who underwent rou... |
patients and clinicians can use it to plan for end of life decisions , such as setting treatment priorities .
all of these uses presuppose that an accurate measure of prognosis exists . in this paper
, we describe and report on the accuracy of the multimorbidity ( mm ) index .
alemi and colleagues16 developed the... | background : the multimorbidity ( mm ) index predicts the prognosis of patients from their diagnostic history .
in contrast to existing approaches with broad diagnostic categories , it treats each diagnosis as a separate independent variable using individual international classification of disease , revision 9 ( icd-... |
the choroid is a vessel - rich structure located between the lamina fusca of the sclera and the retinal pigment epithelium .
choroidal thickness ( ct ) is thought to indicate the amount of choroidal vascularization and varies by age , sex , axial length ( axl ) , refractive status , and circadian rhythm.1,2 the choro... | purposethe aim of the study was to analyze the effects of uneventful phacoemulsification surgery on choroidal thickness ( ct ) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( sd - oct).methodsin this prospective study , 38 eyes of 38 patients having phacoemulsification surgery were included . all patients underwen... |
while augmentation cystoplasty has seen its indications decrease with the advent of onabotulinum toxin a and neuromodulation , there remains a role for this procedure in the 21st century ( 1 ) .
analysis from the nationwide inpatient sample ( nis ) reveals that augmentation cystoplasty appears to be widely used in th... | background : bladder reconstruction in the pediatric population is challenging for many reasons , including perioperative complications and readmissions.objectives:on a national scale , determine readmission rates at 30 , 60 and 90 days after bladder reconstruction in a pediatric population over a 7-year period , evalu... |
the prevalence of nephrolithiasis is 5% to 20%and varies with age , sex , race , and area of residence .
nephrolithiasis is usually asymptomatic but the attacks can be painful and morbid , requiring an emergency medical visit and surgery . the focus on nephrolithiasis has shifted from these direct hazards to its effe... | abstractnephrolithiasis is highly prevalent and has been associated with vascular diseases such as cardiovascular events .
few studies have comprehensively associated renal stones with stroke.this study explored whether patients with renal stones were at a higher stroke risk than those without renal stones .
a nati... |
epidemiologic studies of the link between particulate matter ( pm ) concentrations and mortality rates have yielded a range of estimates , leading to disagreement about the magnitude of the relationship and the strength of the causal connection .
previous meta - analyses of this literature have provided pooled effect... | |
chronic hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) infection is a significant public health threat . approximately 3 - 4 billion people worldwide have been infected with hbv .
the natural course of chronic hbv infection is variable , ranging from an inactive hbsag carrier state to a progressive chronic hepatitis which may eventually ... | mutations in full - length hbv isolates obtained from a chronic hbv - infected patient were evaluated at three time points : 1 day , 6 months , and 31 months .
while 5 nucleotides variation , and an 18 bp deletion of pres1 have been kept in during at least the first two years , c339 t mutation occurring in the hydro... |
hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is one of the most lethal malignancies , and surgical resection improves the survival rates for patients .
however , the prognosis after surgical resection of hcc remains poor because of high recurrence rates .
using biomarkers to identify patients presenting with a higher risk of p... | purposecancer cells frequently express genes that are specifically or preferentially expressed in male germ cells under normal conditions .
the atpase family aaa domain - containing 2 ( atad2 ) is one such and works as an important cofactor for myc - dependent transcription . in hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) , ata... |
subjective tinnitus , a phantom sound , is often described as a ringing , hissing , or buzzing sensation . in the united states ,
an estimated 50 million adults have experienced tinnitus occasionally and 16 million experience it chronically .
patients with chronic tinnitus often suffer from sleep disturbance , depr... | objective .
subjective tinnitus is hypothesized to arise from aberrant neural activity ; however , its neural bases are poorly understood . to identify aberrant neural networks involved in chronic tinnitus
, we compared the resting - state functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fmri ) patterns of tinnitus patients... |
he had suffered from intermittent headache for 2 months and had taken benzodiazepines and analgesics under the diagnosis of somatoform disorder at a local clinic .
he had a 5-day history of diplopia and a 3-day history of blurred vision that progressed to blindness during the preceding 24 hours . on admission
his b... | ocular complications of hiv - related cryptococcal meningitis are reasonably common , but complete binocular blindness as the first manifestation of hiv is extremely rare . a 58-year - old man presented with binocular blindness .
he experienced blurred vision for 3 days before the blindness .
mild pleocytosis was p... |
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) is the most common chronic liver disease in europe and the us with a prevalence of up to 30% .
it is associated with obesity and diabetes and is thus considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome .
nafld ranges from simple hepatic steatosis , charact... | hepatocyte apoptosis is a key event in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) , and serum apoptotic markers are emerging as surrogate markers for nafld .
we studied the role of caspase - cleaved cytokeratin18 in the diagnosis of fibrosis in a cohort of 127 morbidly obese patients and also performed a review of th... |
drug - induced gingival overgrowth ( digo ) remains a significant problem for the dental clinicians .
amlodipine is a third - generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers ( ccb ) that is used in the management of both hypertension and angina .
ellis et al . , first reported gingival sequestration of amlodipi... | drug - induced gingival overgrowth ( digo ) can be a serious concern for both patients and clinicians .
digo is a well - documented side - effect of some pharmacologic agents , including , but not limited to , calcium channel blockers , phenytoin , and cyclosporine .
plasma cell granulomas ( pseudotumors ) are exce... |
ludwig 's angina is a known , yet a rare surgical emergency that is potentially life threatening unless early recognised and aggressively treated .
we highlight these controversies with a brief review of the literature and a retrospective review of recent experiences with ludwig 's angina .
a 56-year - old male pre... | objectives . to review the current protocols used for management of ludwig 's angina and to assess the efficacy of conservative measures in these cases . methods . a retrospective review of patients who were admitted to our institution for management of ludwig 's angina between 2003 and 2010 .
results .
two patient... |
62 newly diagnosed cases of moderate to severe primary glaucoma were recruited from the out - patient department and glaucoma clinics of a tertiary care center in new delhi , india .
patients with characteristic changes in the optic nerve head and corresponding glaucomatous visual field defects on standard automated ... | purpose : to evaluate the impact of initial topical medical therapy on newly diagnosed glaucoma patients using the indian vision function questionnaire ( ind - vfq33).patients and methods : the ind - vfq33 was used to evaluate the quality of life ( qol ) in 62 newly diagnosed patients with moderate to severe primary gl... |
cyclosporine a has improved allograft survival and the quality of life for solid - organ transplant recipients .
its effectiveness in transplantation by suppression of the immune system has led to its use in treating autoimmune diseases .
csa inhibits the immune system by binding to cyclophilin , this complex then ... | end stage renal disease ( esrd ) is an ever increasing problem worldwide .
however the mechanisms underlying disease progression are not fully elucidated .
this work addressed nephrotoxicity induced by the immunosuppressive agents ' cyclosporine a ( csa ) and sirolimus ( srl ) .
nephrotoxicity is the major limiti... |
to identify the most probable asian parental groups of the malagasy , we adopted a two - stage approach : first , we identified the most likely proxy populations using a data set with wide geographical coverage but relatively low density of single nucleotide polymorphism ( snp ) , then followed by a higher density snp ... | malagasy genetic diversity results from an exceptional protoglobalization process that took place over a thousand years ago across the indian ocean .
previous efforts to locate the asian origin of malagasy highlighted borneo broadly as a potential source , but so far no firm source populations were identified . here ... |
in the urban areas of developing countries such as turkey , biomass ( eg , wood , animal dung , crop residues ) is used as a source of energy.1,2 exposure to biomass smoke is the leading cause of copd , especially in developing countries.3 a half of copd deaths are due to biomass exposure , and 75% of these deaths occu... | backgroundbiomass smoke is the leading cause of copd in developing countries such as turkey . in rural areas of turkey ,
females are more exposed to biomass smoke because of traditional lifestyles.aimthe aim of this study was to determine the adverse effects of biomass smoke on pulmonary functions and define the rela... |
hepatitis b virus infection ( hbv ) is an inflammatory disease of liver due to double stranded virus of the hepadnaviridae family .
hepatitis b infection possesses a major health concern and is the most common blood borne viral infection , placing health care workers and medical and dental professionals at higher occ... | hepatitis b virus transmission in a dental setting more commonly occurs due to inadequate / improper use of safety measures by the dentist .
this particular study evaluated the hepatitis b virus infection related awareness among dental graduate students in a university dental college , india . a validated questionnai... |
a prospective molecular epidemiologic study of s. aureus was performed in a 12-bed icu at the university hospital in montpellier , france , during 5 months in 2011 .
s. aureus nasal carriage was investigated at admission and weekly in 89 patients and monthly in 63 volunteer health care workers ( hcws ) .
simultaneo... | during testing for staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit in france in 2011 , we found that methicillin - sensitive s. aureus clonal complex 398 was the most frequent clone ( 29/125 , 23.2% ) .
it was isolated from patients ( 5/89 , 5.6% ) , health care workers ( 2/63 , 3.2% ) , and environmental sites ( 15/... |
a common reason for bringing an infant or child for medical visit is recurrent infections .
this may refer to infections that are too great in number , too severe , or too long lasting ; that are associated with unusual complications ; or that fail to resolve with standard therapy .
only 10% of such cases are due t... | we descibe the case of a girl of indian origin who presented with recurrent infections .
the only abnormality detected in the armoury of the immune system was consistent neutropenia .
mutation analysis revealed ela2 ( neutrophil elastase ) gene mutation that has been associated with severe congenital neutropenia ph... |
gastric carcinoma is the fourth most common gastrointestinal cancer and has the second highest mortality rate among all gastrointestinal cancers .
three critical measures improving patient prognosis are early diagnosis , radical surgery , and endoscopic surgery . although radical resection has been widely promoted , ... | backgroundnuclear factor e2-related factor 2 ( nrf2 ) plays an anti - oxidative and phase ii detoxification function via its up - regulation on various antioxidant response elements ( are ) genes .
nrf2 can protect both normal and cancer cells from damages of cell stress , thereby exerting a critical role in the deve... |
copy number variation ( cnv ) is a structural genomic variation of the human genome that may either be inherited or caused by de novo mutation .
cnvs can range in size from kilobases ( kbs ) to several megabases ( mbs ) that have not been identified by conventional chromosomal analysis .
however , recent technology... | the development of genetic technologies has led to the identification of several copy number variations ( cnvs ) in the human genome .
genome rearrangements affect dosage - sensitive gene expression in normal brain development .
there is strong evidence associating human psychiatric disorders , especially autism sp... |
osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration , compromising bone strength and increasing risk of fractures . magnetic resonance imaging ( mri )
is an ionizing radiation - free imaging modality , the application of which could be benefic... | bone marrow adiposity has recently gained attention due to its association with bone loss pathophysiology . in this study , ten vertebrae were harvested from fresh human cadavers .
trabecular bmd and microstructure parameters were extracted from mdct .
bone marrow fat fractions were determined using single - voxel ... |
a 62-year - old man developed sudden dysarthria and weakness of the right upper extremity . on admission , he was alert with intact orientation .
the neurological examination revealed an impaired ability to perform rapidly alternating movements in the right upper extremity , but there was no other motor , sensory , o... | unilateral taste loss is usually observed on the side contralateral to a thalamic infarction , despite gustatory function being represented bilaterally .
we report a rare case of bilateral taste loss in a patient with an acute left unilateral thalamic infarction , with unilateral left insular hypometabolism demonstra... |
the aids epidemic which has hit southern africa with such devastating force affects a variety of reproductive issues among infected people .
these include whether or not to become pregnant , when and which type of contraception to use , and decisions on whether to continue or try to terminate a pregnancy .
findings... | objective . the role of health professionals in the decision making process of patients
is usually heard or seen from the perspective of the patients .
this paper gives the usually silent and invisible health professionals voice and visibility .
it describes their views and attitudes towards reproduction by coupl... |
according to a single - blind , within - subject comparison , 15 healthy , normal - weight men ( mean age se , 28.5 1.0 years ; bmi , 23.1 0.5 kg / m ) participated in two hyperinsulinemic - euglycemic clamp experiments ( human insulin , detemir ) spaced apart at least 1 week .
all subjects gave written informed c... | objectivein the treatment of diabetic patients , the long - acting insulin analog insulin detemir is less prone to induce weight gain than other insulin formulations . assuming that
because of its pharmacologic properties , detemir displays stronger central nervous anorexigenic efficacy than human insulin , we compar... |
to increase blood safety , we introduced minipool nat screening in our blood donor service in 1997 for hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) , hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) , and hiv-1 and in 2000 for hepatitis a virus ( hav ) and parvovirus b19 ( 4 ) .
for these purposes , 100-l aliquots of up to 96 blood samples were pooled . the ... | influenza viruses , including highly pathogenic avian influenza virus ( h5n1 ) , could threaten blood safety .
we analyzed 10,272 blood donor samples with a minipool nucleic acid amplication technique .
analytical sensitivity of the method was 804 geq / ml and 444 geq / ml for generic influenza primers and influenz... |
small cell lung cancer ( sclc ) accounts for 1320% of all lung cancer diagnoses and is commonly classified into two stages , limited and extensive , according to the veteran 's administration lung cancer study group ( valg ) classification system .
this system is used because most sclc patients present at a stage for... | the treatment of elderly cancer patients is complicated by many factors .
we sought to assess the uptake and tolerance of chemotherapy among patients 75 years and older diagnosed with small cell lung cancer ( sclc ) in years 20042008 in alberta , canada , and assess their survival .
all patients who met the above c... |
the major cause for the failure of primary endodontic therapy is the persistence of intra- and extra - radicular microbial infections . in every failed case , whenever possible , nonsurgical endodontic retreatment should be preferred in comparison with other radical interventions such as apical surgery or extraction ... | objective : the objective of this study was to evaluate the dissolution effectiveness of eucalyptus oil , orange oil , xylene , and distilled water on three different endodontic sealers.materials and methods : about 240 samples of root canal sealers ( eighty for each sealer ) were prepared and divided into four groups ... |
trypanosoma cruzi is an obligate intracellular parasite that is responsible for chagas disease , which affects 1618 million people in latin america .
this parasite has a complex biphasic life cycle in which four developmental forms alternate between the reduviid beetle vector ( epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomasti... | trypanosoma cruzi undergoes a biphasic life cycle that consists of four alternate developmental stages . in vitro conditions to obtain a synchronic transformation and efficient rates of pure intermediate forms ( ifs ) , which are indispensable for further biochemical , biological , and molecular studies , have not been... |
there is an increasing recognition of comorbidity between intellectual disability ( i d ) and mental health problems , emotional disorders , and deficits in socialization skills.13 literature reveals that the aging process commences younger in people with i d at approximately 4050 years of age.4 as the previously menti... | objectivethis study examines the effectiveness of a life story work program ( lswp ) in older adults with mild - to - moderate levels of intellectual disability ( id).methodsusing a quasiexperimental design , this study assigned 60 older adults who were between 5090 years old with mild - to - moderate levels of i d to ... |
the russian nickel refineries located in the cities of nikel and zapolyarny close to the norwegian border are responsible for extensive sulfur dioxide and nickel pollution , as well as severe ecological damage in both countries .
the aim of our study was to investigate human nickel exposure in the populations living ... | |
corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment for the vast majority of patients with immune - mediated uveitis .
however , those patients with active inflammation who are intolerant of or unresponsive to steroids require therapy with other immunosuppressive agents trying to prevent the potential sequelae associate... | objective . to evaluate , in three spanish tertiary referral centres , the short - term safety and efficacy of golimumab ( glm ) for treatment of immune - mediated uveitis resistant to previous immunosuppressive therapy . methods .
nonrandomized retrospective interventional case series .
thirteen patients with diff... |
the small sizes of the nanoparticles and large surface to volume ratio put the nanoparticles in a position for tremendous and wide applications essentially in biomedicine . though the small sizes of engineered nanoparticles have been linked with highly desirable properties ( mechanical , electrical , and chemical ) for... | background .
silver nanoparticles have found wider and increasing biomedical applications due to their broad antimicrobial characteristics
. however , toxicity of nanoparticles is a subject of continued controversy , thus necessitating further studies in this direction . objectives .
this study investigated the b... |
polycystic ovarian syndrome ( pcos ) is a heterogeneous group of conditions that include anovulation , hyperandrogenism , and polycystic ovaries .
the nih - national institute of child health and human development conference of pcos originally recommended that the major criteria for pcos should include hyperandrogeni... | background . underlying insulin resistance and/or obesity has clearly been implicated in the development of metabolic syndrome in adolescents and young adults with polycystic ovarian syndrome ( pcos ) .
it is not clear however what role hyperandrogenism has on the development of metabolic syndrome or its role on thos... |
most common cause of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage ( lgib ) in elderly patient is diverticular disease and mortality rate is very low 24% . a massive lgib from primary ilio - rectal fistula is rare and difficult to diagnosis but more common from secondary after previous vascular surgery
a variety of treatment o... | abstractmassive lower gastrointestinal from primary isolated ilio - rectal fistula is a rare condition and difficult to diagnosis and emergency surgery for this situation has a high mortality rate .
this report describes a successful operation in an 88-year - old man at present with massive lower gastrointestinal hem... |
diabetes , obesity , and cardiovascular diseases are interrelated , with diet being one factor that links them all together .
specifically , the current obesity epidemic has been suggested to be a result of increased carbohydrate intake , while dietary fat has frequently been touted as the primary dietary culprit in ... | this study was designed to determine the efficacy of two novel type - four resistant starches ( rs4 ) on postprandial glycemia and ratings of fullness .
volunteers ( n = 10 ) completed completed five interventions designed to determine the glycemic and satiety ( fullness ) effects of the starches ( 38 g , ) alone an... |
enamel subsurface lesions need to be diagnosed as early as possible for the best possible remineralization of enamel and restoration as well as a function of the tooth .
there is evidence based on the remineralization potential of agents such as fluoride , casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate ( cpp - acp... | aim : the aim of this study is to evaluate the enamel remineralization after treatment with three different remineralizing agents using surface microhardness assessment.materials and methods : this in vitro study involves 50 enamel samples divided into five groups of 10 samples each .
the positive control group consi... |
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors ( pnets ) represent a relatively uncommon form of malignancy with an incidence of 0.43 cases per 100,000 in the usa . at diagnosis ,
nearly 70% of patients have metastatic disease , of which 85% will have liver metastases .
management options for pnets metastatic to the liver includ... | backgroundmanagement options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors ( pnets ) metastatic to the liver include surgical , ablative , cytotoxic , and radioisotope approaches .
one potential local treatment option includes selective internal radiotherapy utilizing yttrium-90 ( 90y ) microspheres .
90y has also been used... |
comparar las mediciones de la presin intraocular ( pio ) obtenidas con el tonmetro de rebote ( rt ) , el tonmetro de contorno dinmico ( dct ) y el tonmetro de aplanamiento de goldmann ( gat ) en crneas con queratocono , e investigar los efectos del espesor central de la crnea ( cct ) y los radios de curvatura de la crn... | purposeto compare the intraocular pressure ( iop ) measurements obtained with the rebound tonometry ( rt ) , dynamic contour tonometry ( dct ) and goldmann applanation tonometry ( gat ) in keratoconic corneas and to investigate the effects of central corneal thickness ( cct ) and corneal radius of curvature ( cr ) on i... |
the other types of internal hernia that have been described include transmesenteric , supra- and/or perivesical , intersigmoid , foramen of winslow , and rarely , omental hernias .
paraduodenal hernia is usually a congenital anomaly due to non - fusion of the mesocolon with the parietal wall that leaves a potential s... | internal hernias are a rare cause of small bowel obstruction . following laparoscopic bariatric surgery , specifically gastric bypass and laparoscopic colonic resections ,
there has been an increase in the incidence of internal hernias .
this has been due to either a mesenteric or mesocolic defect being not closed ... |
omega-3 ( n-3 ) fatty acids can be divided into alpha - linolenic acid ( ala ; c18:3n-3 ) from plant origin , and eicosapentaenoic acid ( epa ; c20:5n-3 ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( dha ; c22:6n-3 ) from seafood . because the human body lacks the enzymatic capacity to synthesize ala
the estimated average ala intake i... | there is a large body of scientific evidence that has been confirmed in randomized controlled trials indicating a cardioprotective effect for omega-3 fatty acids from fish . for alpha - linolenic acid ( ala ) , which is the omega-3 fatty acid from plants , the relation to cardiovascular health is less clear .
we revi... |
pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the western world and shows the worst mortality among common malignancies with a 5-year survival rate of lower than 5% .
the current standard of care includes surgical resection when appropriate and gemcitabine - based chemotherapy .
recent data sugge... | pancreatic cancer exhibits profound chemoresistance resulting either from pre - existing ( intrinsic ) mechanisms , or from anticancer drug treatment itself ( acquired chemoresistance ) . we present the case of a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver who experienced clinical , radiographic and ... |
medication errors are known to be a significant source of risk and harm to pediatric patients [ 14 ] , particularly in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units ( picus ) [ 58 ] .
a study looking at prescribing errors intercepted by pharmacists in a maternity and children 's hospital found the risk of prescribing e... | background .
the ability of safety technologies to decrease errors , harm , and risk to patients has yet to be demonstrated consistently .
objective . to compare discrepancies between medication and intravenous fluid ( ivf ) orders and bedside infusion pump settings within a pediatric intensive care unit ( picu ) b... |
renal transplantation is the unique curative option for patients suffering from end - stage renal disease , but to date the evolution of each patient after transplantation can not be predicted . in the past decades ,
acute graft rejection has decreased dramatically as a result of the introduction of immunosuppressive... | regulatory b cells ( breg ) are in the spotlight for their role in immune homeostasis maintenance and tolerance achievement as in the last years the correlation with functional and increased breg numbers in autoimmune diseases and transplantation has been extensively proven .
their study is , however , in its infancy... |
epithelial cells can contribute to chronic inflammatory disorders , synthesizing and secreting a variety of proinflammatory cytokines , such as il-8 , which regulates the neutrophil accumulation in the airways of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) subjects [ 1 , 2 ] . in response to proinflammatory stimuli ... | il-17a is overexpressed in the lung during acute neutrophilic inflammation .
acetylcholine ( ach ) increases il-8 and muc5ac production in airway epithelial cells . we aimed to characterize the involvement of nonneuronal components of cholinergic system on il-8 and muc5ac production in bronchial epithelial cells stim... |
an estimated 630,000 people worldwide were diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ( hnscc ) in 2008 , representing 6% of all malignancies and making it the 6th most common cancer [ 1 , 2 ] . in the united states , approximately 48,000 cases occurred in 2009 , with 11,300 deaths .
however , two - thirds ... | objective . we reviewed a cohort of patients with previously untreated locoregional advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ( hnscc ) who received a uniform chemoradiotherapy regimen .
methods .
retrospective review was performed of 105 patients with stage iii or iv hnscc treated at greater baltimore medical... |
with the rapid economic development , elevated standard of living , dietary shifts , lifestyle alterations , and aging , diabetes mellitus ( dm ) has become an important public health problem worldwide [ 13 ] , which is estimated to be the third most challenging disease threatening public health after malignant tumors ... | diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is one of the primary causes of premature death and disability worldwide .
we performed a systematic review and meta - analysis of the published literature regarding the trends in prevalence , awareness , treatment , and control of diabetes mellitus in mainland china .
pubmed , embase , chi... |
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ( fsgs ) is a clinicopathologic entity responsible for up to 20% of all cases of end - stage kidney disease in the united states .
the incidence of fsgs is estimated at 7 per million individuals annually , has a slight male predominance ( male : female ratio 1.52 ) , and now represe... | focal segmental glomerulosclerosis ( fsgs ) causes glomerular lesions that can progress to end - stage renal disease .
it is suspected to be caused by a circulating factor that is amenable to plasmapheresis removal and exhibits a risk for recurrence in the renal allograft .
we present two patients with fsgs recurre... |
key goals of health systems are to improve the health of the population and to do so in an equitable way .
although the health of the population to a large extent is influenced by broader improvements in living conditions , well - functioning health care systems also contribute to the health of populations .
howeve... | rationale , aims and objectivesdifferences in the performance of medical care may be due to variation in the introduction and diffusion of medical innovations .
the objective of this paper is to compare seven european countries ( united kingdom , the netherlands , west germany , france , spain , estonia and sweden ) ... |
breast cancer , first described as early as 3000 b.c . by edwin smith papyrus of egypt , comprises 23% of all female malignancies ( excluding non melanomatous skin cancer ) [ 1 , 2 ] . in 2008 ,
the number of deaths from breast cancer totaled 460,000 patients ; it is a global concern accounting for 14% of all cancer... | breast cancer is the most common malignancy in woman .
the urinary bladder is an unusual site for metastasis from primary tumors of the breast , especially when it is the only organ involved .
we present the case of a female patient with known breast cancer stage t2n3m0 who developed isolated bladder metastasis fiv... |
coronary artery fistulae are direct connections from one or more coronary arteries to cardiac chambers or a large vessel .
congenital anomalies are more common than acquired,1)2 ) being found in up to 0.2% of routine angiocardiography.3 ) most reported cases are about coronary artery fistulae to right cardiac structu... | coronary artery fistulae are usually identified during invasive coronary angiographies . however , in this case , we made the early detection of coronary artery fistulae during non - invasive transthoracic echocardiography , by demonstrating diastolic multiple abnormal color doppler flows on the entire left ventricular... |
the detection and quantification of tumour - specific rearrangements are important issues in cancer research and in clinical diagnosis of tumours .
in particular , its significance became obvious for haematological malignancies that exhibit characteristic translocations in specific tumour subgroups .
although gene ... | structural genomic rearrangements are frequent findings in human cancers .
therefore , papillary thyroid carcinomas ( ptcs ) were investigated for chromosomal aberrations and rearrangements of the ret proto - oncogene . for this purpose ,
primary cultures from 23 ptc have been established and metaphase preparations... |
hurling is a stick and ball invasion field sport native to ireland ( reilly and collins , 2008 ) .
the movement profile of players is stochastic in nature , where the timing of high speed running follows the ebb and flow of competitive play ( reilly and collins , 2008 ) . despite its spectator popularity
very few r... | abstractthe current study aimed to assess the relationship between the hurling player s fitness profile and integrated training load ( tl ) metrics .
twenty - five hurling players performed treadmill testing for vo2max , the speed at blood lactate concentrations of 2 mmoll-1 ( vlt ) and 4 mmoll-1 ( vobla ) and the he... |
medical experts consider skin - lightening and skin - bleaching practices as one of the most common forms of harmful body modification practices ( charles 2003 , p. 711 ) .
melanie de souza argues that the desire for even - toned , blemish - free skin spans human populations .
skin - lightening is just one of th... | skin - lightening is an aesthetic practice of global concern . by adopting a biopsycho - social approach
, we consider the interplay between the biological , psychological and social factors that underpin the circulation and consumption of skin lighteners in south africa .
this paper reflects on biological aspects ... |
interleukin 10 ( il-10 ) is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine made by regulatory t cells ( tregs ) and other cell types [ 13 ] .
il-10 inhibits antigen - specific immune responses in part via suppression of activated macrophage and monocyte functions , which include cytokine synthesis and expression of class ii mhc... | local induction of pro - tolerogenic cytokines , such as il-10 , is an appealing strategy to help facilitate transplantation of islets and other tissues . here , we describe a pair of implantable devices that capitalize on our recent finding that hyaluronan ( ha ) promotes il-10 production by activated t cells .
the ... |
long term use of chronic oral anticoagulants can be complicated by anticoagulation associated intracranial hemorrhage ( aaich ) , the most devastating complication of anticoagulant therapy . among patients who received anticoagulant for management of thromboembolic problems
, intracranial hemorrhages led to approxima... | objectivethere was no abundance of data on the use of anticoagulant in patients with previous high risk of thromboembolic conditions under a newly developed intracranial hemorrhage in korean society .
the purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of discontinuance and suggest the proper time period for discont... |
chronic fluoride poisoning is a global health problem that occurs endemically in areas where the fluoride content in water is above the optimal level .
world health organization 's ( who ) international standards of 1958 and 1963 referred to fluoride for drinking water , claiming that consumption of water with fluori... | objective : the aim of this study was to assess urine fluoride concentration , nutritional status , and dental fluorosis in adolescent students living in the rural areas of guanajuato , mexico.materials and methods : a cross - sectional study was conducted including participants aged 1120 years .
the presence and sev... |
solid organ transplantation provides an effective therapy for patients with kidney , liver , heart , and pulmonary failure .
long - term graft survival is limited by adaptive alloimmune responses directed against transplant ( typically allogeneic major histocompatibility complex [ mhc ] ) antigens , that are expresse... | summarychronic rejection of solid organ allografts remains the major cause of transplant failure .
donor - derived tissue - resident lymphocytes are transferred to the recipient during transplantation , but their impact on alloimmunity is unknown . using mouse cardiac transplant models ,
we show that graft - versus... |
in ovo electroporation and in situ hybridization was performed as in previous studies ( 6 ) , and at least three embryos were analyzed for each condition .
rna probes were transcribed in vitro from cdna clones provided by bbsrc ( bmp7 : chest290n8 ; bapx1 : chest177b22 ; pitx2 : chest76c15 ) , except for the neurog3 ... | objectivepancreas organogenesis is orchestrated by interactions between the epithelium and the mesenchyme , but these interactions are not completely understood .
here we investigated a role for bone morphogenetic protein ( bmp ) signaling within the pancreas mesenchyme and found it to be required for the normal deve... |
the combination of erosion , attrition and abrasion is called tooth wear . erosion is the loss of hard tissues due to chemical effects , but not bacteria .
attrition is the wear of tooth against tooth and abrasion is the wear of teeth from other surfaces .
recently , the role of abfraction has raised interest into ... | the management of the interim phase of a complete oral rehabilitation in patients with severely worn dentition is often challenging due to the loss of occlusal vertical dimension , loss of tooth structure , uneven wear of teeth creating an uneven plane of occlusion , and parafunctional habits .
this case report descr... |
one of the most frequently used measures of health status is the question how would you rate your health ? , a single question asking people to evaluate their overall health on a scale from excellent to poor .
this single item measure has been demonstrated to be a robust predictor of health outcomes , including morta... | backgroundunlike the widely used self rated health , the self rated mental health was found unsuitable as a proxy for mental illness .
this paper analyses the relationships between the self ratings of physical health , mental health and overall health , and their association of with the objective indicators for physi... |
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