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balb / c female mice ( 68 week old ) were obtained from jackson laboratory .
animal use conformed to institutional guidelines of weill cornell medical college and the feinstein institute for medical research .
mice were immunized with multi - antigenic peptide coupled to dweysvwlsn ( mp , 100 g ) , control polylysi... | systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies ( aabs ) and preferentially affecting women of childbearing age .
since the offspring of mothers with sle exhibit a high frequency of learning disorders1 - 5 , we hypothesized that maternally transferred aabs that bind dna and th... |
locally advanced breast cancer ( labc ) is defined by presence of a large primary tumor ( > 5 cm or t3 ) , associated with or without skin or chest - wall involvement ( t4 ) or with fixed ( matted ) axillary lymph nodes or with disease spread to ipsilateral internal mammary or supraclavicular nodes in the absence of an... | background : introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy ( nact ) has dramatically changed the management of locally advanced breast cancer ( labc ) . however ,
very few randomized trials of nact have been carried out specifically in labc patients in our country . in this retrospective analysis
, we presented our expe... |
hearing loss is among the three most prevalent conditions worldwide , with around 636.5 million people suffering from a certain degree of hearing loss1 .
it is estimated that in brazil , 6.8% of the population suffers from disabling hearing loss , i.e. , a hearing threshold level for the better ear of 41 db hl or gr... | summary
introduction : the implementation of hearing screening programs can be facilitated by reducing operating costs , including the cost of equipment . the telessade ( ts ) audiometer is a low - cost , software - based , and easy - to - use piece of equipment for conducting audiometric screening .
aim : to eva... |
this retrospective , hospital - based , observational study was carried out from august 2014 to july 2015 after obtaining necessary permission from the institutional ethics committee . diagnosed all patients admitted to the department of clinical haematology of scb medical college during the study period being treated ... | objectives : the objective of this study was to evaluate any abnormal change in plasma glucose levels in patients treated with l - asparaginase ( l - asp)-based chemotherapy regimen in patients of acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( all).materials and methods : this retrospective , hospital - based study was conducted in pa... |
the latest several decades have witnessed the progress in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock , acute organ dysfunction and consequential multiple organ dysfunction , however , cardiovascular dysfunction due to severe infection is still a major contributor to sepsis related morbidity and mortality . cardiov... | backgroundwe aimed to investigate the effect of levosimendan on biomarkers of myocardial injury and systemic hemodynamics in patients with septic shock.material/methodsafter achieving normovolemia and a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mmhg , 38 septic shock patients with low cardiac output ( left ventricular ejec... |
protein protein
interactions are essential to the function
of the ubiquitous xenobiotic - metabolizing cytochrome p450 monooxygenases ,
or cyps .
classic studies have demonstrated
the importance of cyp interactions with the accessory proteins cytochrome
p450 reductase ( cpr ) and cytochrome b5 ( b5 ) for b... | through their unique oxidative chemistry ,
cytochrome p450 monooxygenases
( cyps ) catalyze the elimination of most drugs and toxins from the
human body . protein
protein interactions play a critical role
in this process .
historically , the study of cyp protein interactions
has focused on their electron... |
methods and any associated references are available in the online version of the paper at http://www.nature.com / naturemethods/.
difference in optimal collision energies for identification and quantification supplementary note real - time filtering supplementary table 1 summary of quantification and identification r... | we describe a mass spectrometry method , quantmode , which improves the accuracy of isobaric tag based quantification by alleviating the pervasive problem of precursor interference
co - isolation of impurities through gas - phase purification .
quantmode analysis of a yeast sample
contaminated with interfering ... |
with the improvement of diagnostic imaging , the incidence of uia diagnosis is increasing , along with the national cost containment pressures associated with treatment and management .
economic considerations are important in the cost - benefit evaluation of treatments , and influence healthcare coverage , reimburse... | objectivea cost comparison of the surgical clipping and endovascular coiling of unruptured intracranial aneurysms ( uias ) , and the identification of the principal cost determinants of these treatments.methodsthis study conducted a retrospective review of data from a series of patients who underwent surgical clipping ... |
intensive care requires not only the use of sophisticated equipment but also highly skilled and dedicated healthcare staff . as such ,
the intensive care unit ( icu ) takes a significant proportion of the total healthcare cost , and therefore patients with prolonged icu length of stay ( los ) can have serious cost im... | the prediction of intensive care unit length of stay ( icu - los ) could contribute to more efficient icu resources ' allocation and better planning of care among cardiac surgery patients .
the aim of this study was to identify the preoperative and intraoperative predictors for prolonged cardiac surgery icu - los .
... |
colorectal cancer ( crc ) is one of the most prevalent cancer , along with lung and breast cancers . in 2012 ,
approximately 1.4 million new cases and 700,000 crc - related deaths were estimated worldwide ( 1 ) . over the last decade ,
crc incidence and mortality in the united states have been on a steady decline a... | colorectal cancer is the third leading cancer worldwide .
although incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer are gradually decreasing in the us , patients with metastatic colorectal cancer have poor prognosis with an estimated 5-year survival rate of less than 10% . over the past decade , advances in combination c... |
the majority of swallowed indigestible foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without complications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] . however , there are three physiological narrowings involving the pylorus , duodenal c - loop and ileocecal valve . foreign bodies
longer than 10 cm , such as a toothbrush , can not n... | most ingested foreign bodies will pass uneventfully through the gastrointestinal tract . nevertheless , long and rigid foreign bodies are associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal impaction , perforation and bleeding . moreover , there has been no case of spontaneous passage of a toothbrush reported .
the... |
stress cardiomyopathy ( scm ) is an acute cardiac syndrome resembling st - segment elevation myocardial infarction characterized by decreased wall motion in the apical and midportion of the left ventricle ( lv ) .
these abnormalities extend beyond a single coronary distribution without significant obstructive coronar... | stress cardiomyopathy ( scm ) is usually precipitated by a physiologically or psychologically stressful event .
although it occurs only rarely , hypoxia- and hypercapnia - induced sympathetic activation may also cause scm . we present the case of a 37-year - old woman
affected with scm after a routine colonoscopy .... |
solitary fibrous tumor ( sft ) is a rare neoplasm that was initially described in the visceral pleura and subsequently reported in extrapleural sites including the pericardium , peritoneum , mediastinum , lung , upper respiratory tract , thyroid , liver , testicle , nasal cavity , parotid , orbit , and meninges .
sft... | solitary fibrous tumor ( sft ) usually originates from the pleura because of abnormal proliferation of fibroblast cells .
it is extremely rare for the tumor to originate from the spine . here ,
we report the second case of malignant sft of thoracic spine with distant metastases in a 35-years - old female . |
rufinamide ( 1-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1hydro-1,2,3-triazole-4 carboxamide ) is a novel antiepileptic drug ( aed ) that is structurally distinct from other aeds available on the market ( levy et al 2002a ) .
an application was filed by eisai ltd in 2005 for european approval of this agent as an adjunctive treatm... | rufinamide , a triazole derivative that is structurally distinct from currently marketed antiepileptic drugs ( aeds ) , is in development for the adjunctive treatment of lennox - gastaut syndrome ( lgs ) in children and adults .
rufinamide is well absorbed after oral administration , demonstrates low protein binding ... |
a 55-year - old man presented at our emergency department with sudden - onset sharp chest pain that had started two hours previously .
he also complained of progressive swelling and bruising on his neck , and the development of dysphagia and dyspnea over the previous two hours .
he had a history of admission with s... | hematemesis is a rare manifestation of a ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm ( baa ) in the mediastinum .
it is difficult to diagnose a ruptured baa presenting as hematemesis , because it can be confused with other diseases , such as boerhaave s syndrome , variceal disease , or a perforated ulcer . in this report
, ... |
these include isolates from disease outbreaks in africa , europe , the caribbean , and , more recently , from the russian / trans - caucasian epizootic and attenuated variants . in brief ,
swine red bone marrow cell culture was used for asfv isolate amplification , and swine anti - asfv serum and erythrocytes were su... | african swine fever virus ( asfv ) causes highly lethal hemorrhagic disease among pigs , and asfv s extreme antigenic diversity hinders vaccine development .
we show that p72 asfv phylogenetic analysis does not accurately define asfv hemadsorption inhibition assay serogroups .
thus , conventional asfv genotyping ca... |
entrapment of the ulnar nerve in the elbow region is the second most common compression neuropathy in the upper extremity .
many procedures have been advocated for decompression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow , including anterior subcutaneous transposition , anterior intramuscular transposition , anterior submuscula... | cubital tunnel syndrome is one of the common upper extremity problem encountered .
a mild syndrome can be often treated without surgery , but a failure of conservative treatment with constant symptoms or muscle atrophy and weakness requires surgical intervention . despite the fact that is the second most common nerve... |
as part of a 629-patient , randomized , double - blind , multicenter clinical trial , 89 patients seen at the foothills medical center ( calgary , canada ) receive a 10-day course of vancomycin 125 mg 4 times daily or 200 mg twice daily of fidaxomicin orally as treatment of first episodes or first recurrences of cdi ... | the microflora - sparing properties of fidaxomicin were examined during the conduct of a randomized clinical trial comparing vancomycin 125 mg 4 times per day versus fidaxomicin 200 mg twice per day for 10 days as treatment of clostridium difficile infection ( cdi ) .
fecal samples were obtained from 89 patients ( ... |
magnetic resonance
imaging ( mri ) is a powerful noninvasive imaging technique , providing
high - resolution anatomical images with excellent soft - tissue contrast .
a large fraction of mri studies utilize a contrast agent , e.g. , more
than half the clinical studies performed at our institution make use
of ... | here ,
we describe the synthesis of the single amino acid chelator dotalap
and four of its derivatives .
the corresponding gadolinium(iii ) complexes
were investigated for their kinetic inertness , relaxometric properties
at a range of fields and temperatures , water exchange rate , and interaction
with hum... |
in the previous issue of critical care , kmpers and colleagues demonstrated a direct correlation between increased peripheral blood levels of the vascular growth factor , angiopoietin ( angpt)-2 , and mortality in 43 critically ill adults with sepsis .
endothelial injury is one of the main hallmarks of sepsis , lea... | the early recognition and management of sepsis remain the greatest challenges in the field of critical care medicine .
endothelial injury is one of the hallmarks of sepsis , leading to capillary leak , microcirculatory dysfunction , organ failure , and eventual death in many critically ill patients .
the angiogenic... |
we compared monthly listeriosis data from england and wales with temperature records from 1989 through 2007 to determine the influence of various potential predictors on the number of listeriosis cases .
uk health protection agency ( hpa ) data listing total monthly cases of human listeriosis in england and wales dur... | the monthly incidence of listeriosis infections in england and wales had 2 sudden increases during april 2001 ( 41% ) and march 2003 ( 48% ) .
although no causative association is demonstrated , these increases correspond to key dates relating to the onset and aftermath of the 2001 foot and mouth disease outbreak in ... |
attachment is a relatively stable emotional bond which is created between child and mother or those with whom an infant regularly interacts .
parents responses to the signs of child 's attachment behavior and their availability in stressful situations , provides a safe place and condition for children , based on whic... | background : attachment theory is one of the most important achievements of contemporary psychology . role of medical students in the community health is important , so we need to know about the situation of happiness and attachment style in these students.objectives:this study was aimed to assess the relationship betw... |
human acute radiation syndrome ( ars ) follows intense , acute whole - body or significant partial - body radiation , of doses > 1 gy , delivered at relatively high rates .
clinical components of ars include the hematopoietic sub - syndrome ( h - ars , 2 6 gy ) , gastrointestinal sub - syndrome ( gis ; 6 8 gy ) and... | despite significant scientific advances toward the development of a safe , nontoxic and effective radiation countermeasure for acute radiation syndrome ( ars ) over the past six decades , no drug has been approved by the us fda .
several biologics are currently under development as radiation countermeasures for ars ,... |
neural plasticity refers to the capacity of our brain to change in response to internal demand and/or external experience .
burgeoning research has corroborated that the neural plastic changes induced in our brains and behaviors are specific to the experiences ( e.g. , [ 27 ] ) .
for instance , the london taxi driv... | increasing research has evidenced that our brain retains a capacity to change in response to experience until late adulthood .
this implies that cognitive training can possibly ameliorate age - associated cognitive decline by inducing training - specific neural plastic changes at both neural and behavioral levels .
... |
chemically , phloroglucinol ( 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene , pg ) and its methylated derivative tri - o - methylphloroglucinol ( tmp ) , figure 1 , are established pharmaceutical agents inhibit the action of catechol - o - methyl transferase , inducing relaxation of smooth muscles , and decreasing glycerol - induced abdomin... | a reverse phase stability indicating hplc method for simultaneous determination of two antispasmodic drugs in pharmaceutical parenteral dosage forms ( injectable ) and in serum has been developed and validated .
mobile phase ingredients consist of acetonitrile : buffer : sulfuric acid 0.1 m ( 50 : 50 : 0.3 v... |
fibromyalgia ( fm ) , which affects at least 10 million american adults , is a multisymptom condition resulting in not only widespread chronic pain , but also fatigue , sleep disturbances , and morning stiffness .
in addition , many patients experience depression , anxiety , and dyscognition [ 2 , 3 ] . fm has a sign... | fibromyalgia ( fm ) , characterized by chronic widespread pain , fatigue , and cognitive / mood disturbances , leads to reduced workplace productivity and increased healthcare expenses . to determine
if acquired epigenetic / genetic changes are associated with fm , we compared the frequency of spontaneously occurring... |
plx4032 was synthesized using the general procedures previously described.6 expression and purification of b - raf , structure determination , protein kinase activity measurements , and xenograft studies were carried out as previously described.6 clinical methods have also been recently described.5 melanoma patients we... | b - raf is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers.1 the finding that oncogenic mutations in braf are common in melanoma2 followed by the demonstration that these tumors are dependent on the raf / mek / erk pathway3 offered hope that inhibition of b - raf kinase activity could benefit melanoma patie... |
the localization and subsequent translation of mrna are important means of regulating gene expression with high spatial and temporal control . in neurons , targeting mrna to specific sites and synthesizing proteins where and when they are needed is particularly beneficial because neurons have long dendrites and axons e... | local protein synthesis mediates precise spatio - temporal regulation of gene expression for neuronal functions such as long - term plasticity , axon guidance and regeneration . to reveal the underlying mechanisms of local translation ,
it is crucial to understand mrna transport , localization and translation in live... |
the modern world is an interconnected mesh of networks satisfying a myriad of functions : transportation , electrical power , food distribution , finance , and health care to name a few .
the interoperability of these networks developed as part of urban evolution over the past century such that these and other webs c... | the army research laboratory program on the network science of human decision making brings together researchers from a variety of disciplines to work on a complex research problem that defies confinement within any single discipline .
consequently , new and rewarding solutions have been obtained for a problem of imp... |
retinoblastoma ( rb ) is a primary intraocular tumor that is most commonly malignant in childhood ; this condition arises from primitive neural retinal cells destined to become photoreceptors and corresponds to 11% of all cancers in the first year of life
. the incidence of rb worldwide is estimated at between 5,000 ... | purposeto determine the frequency and association of polymorphisms in the tp53 and rb1 genes with clinical characteristics in a group of children with retinoblastoma ( rb ) in northern mexico.methodsa prospective , longitudinal , and analytical study of 11 patients diagnosed with rb was conducted .
endpoint pcr and h... |
the nose is a central structure of the face , so attempts to reconstruct ideal form and esthetics can be complicated .
the majority of patients with cleft lip nose deformity require augmentation rhinoplasty for a more balanced nasal dorsum .
traditionally , autogenous cartilages from various sites are used to corre... | esthetic reconstruction of cleft lip nose deformity is a challenging task in surgical management of patients with orofacial cleft .
the author reconstructed cleft lip nose deformity effectively using autogenous auricular cartilage and a relatively new graft material of porcine dermal collagen , permacol. after correc... |
prostate cancer ( pca ) is a frequent cancer that can be cured if early diagnosed ( 1 ) .
prostate specific antigen ( psa ) has become an important tool in pca screening ( 2 , 3 ) and men with serum psa greater than 4ng / ml are at higher risk of pca .
these patients are usually referred for a prostate biopsy ( bxp... | purpose we investigated the effect of antibiotics on psa in asymptomatic patients with mild psa elevation.materials and methods we prospectively evaluated , in a non - randomized design , 106 asymptomatic patients with psa of 4 - 10ng / ml , with a negative digital rectal examination and with no urinary tract infection... |
chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms ( mpns ) are rare hematologic diseases characterized by the clonal proliferation of mature blood elements from several myeloid lineages , associated in certain cases with bone marrow fibrosis , splenomegaly , and/or hepatomegaly .
they include chronic myelogenous leukemia ( cml ) ... | myeloproliferative neoplasms ( mpns ) are a heterogeneous group of clonal diseases characterized by the excessive and chronic production of mature cells from one or several of the myeloid lineages .
recent advances in the biology of mpns have greatly facilitated their molecular diagnosis since most patients present w... |
charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy ( cn ) is a chronic , progressive condition of bones , joints , and soft tissues , most commonly occurring in the area of the foot and ankle as a result of peripheral neuropathy .
it is characterized by a local inflammatory process in the early stages and gradual development of bo... | charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy of the foot is a relatively common complication of diabetic neuropathy .
incorrect diagnosis and improper treatment often result in the extremity having to be amputated .
this paper summarises the current view on the etiology , diagnostics , and treatment of diabetic charcot neu... |
packaging is a link connecting production with marketing whereby the goods reach from the production center to the consumers in a safe and sound condition with a minimum overall cost .
packaging can also be defined as the coordinated system which can enclose or protect the products for distribution , storage , preser... | packaging is the coordinated system that encloses and protects the dosage form .
counterfeit drugs are the major cause of morbidity , mortality , and failure of public interest in the healthcare system .
high price and well - known brands make the pharma market most vulnerable , which accounts for top priority card... |
chemotherapeutic drugs ,
alone or as an adjuvant therapy to surgery
and radiation , are a vital part in cancer treatment .
however , their
effectiveness is often offset by severe side effects caused by poor
selectivity and toxicity to normal cells . in recent years
, the rapid
advance in the fields of bio... | the efficacy of chemotherapeutic
drugs is often offset by severe
side effects attributable to poor selectivity and toxicity to normal
cells .
recently , the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase iv ( dppiv ) was considered
as a potential target for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs .
the purpose of this study wa... |
about 28 million people live in areas at risk of chagas disease , 1114.5 million of whom are affected worldwide .
trypanosoma cruzi , the pathogen that causes chagas disease , is found in most south american countries , representing an important cause of heart damage among the economically active population . after a... | triatoma brasiliensis sensu lato ( s.l . ) , the main vector of chagas disease in northeastern brazil , is a species complex comprising four species , one with two subspecies ( t. brasiliensis brasiliensis , t. brasiliensis macromelasoma , t. juazeirensis , t. sherlocki , and t. melanica ) , and each taxon displaying d... |
ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus ( cti ) for the treatment of atrial flutter ( afl ) has become standard practice .
most of the procedures are performed using radiofrequency energy ( rf ) [ 15 ] .
high chronic success rates are described but the majority of the data comes from a relatively short term follow - ... | objectiverecent literature has shown that common type atrial flutter ( afl ) can recur late after cavotricuspid isthmus ( cti ) catheter ablation using radiofrequency energy ( rf ) .
we report the long term outcome of a large group of patients undergoing cti ablation using cryothermy for afl in a single center.method... |
an anal fistula is a chronic phase of anorectal sepsis and is characterized by chronic purulent drainage or cyclical pain associated with abscess formation , followed by intermittent spontaneous decompression [ 1 , 2 ] .
the goals in the treatment of an anal fistula are to eliminate the primary fistula opening , any ... | surgery for an anal fistula may result in recurrence or impairment of continence . the ideal treatment for an anal fistula
should be associated with low recurrence rates , minimal incontinence and good quality of life . because of the risk of a change in continence with conventional techniques ,
sphincter - preserv... |
a growing body of evidence demonstrates that susceptibility and progression of both acute and chronic central nervous system ( cns ) disease is closely associated with an innate immune response that can manifest from either direct infection and/or infection - triggered damage .
a common feature of these diseases is t... | a growing body of evidence demonstrates that susceptibility and progression of both acute and chronic central nervous system disease in the newborn is closely associated with an innate immune response that can manifest from either direct infection and/or infection - triggered damage .
a common feature of many of thes... |
assessing the degree of walking independence among inpatients is one of the important roles
of physical therapists .
overestimation of a patient s ability to walk can result in falls ,
whereas underestimation can lead to disuse syndrome due to a decrease in physical activity .
preliminary research investigating... | [ purpose ] the aim of this study was to determine the threshold for classifying walking
independence in stroke patients with and without cognitive disorders . [ subjects ] the
subjects were 130 patients with initial stroke hemiplegia . [ methods ] the following factors
were analyzed for associations with walking... |
data were obtained through an internet survey of u.s . adults self - identified as taking insulin to treat type 1 or type 2 diabetes ; the survey was conducted 13 june to 7 july 2008 by harris interactive , a contract research organization .
patients were recruited by email if they had diabetes and currently used a s... | objectivethe purpose of this study was to assess factors associated with patient frequency of intentionally skipping insulin injections.research design and methodsdata were obtained through an internet survey of 502 u.s .
adults self - identified as taking insulin by injection to treat type 1 or type 2 diabetes .
m... |
otosclerosis is a primary , hereditary , localized , metabolic bone disease of bone derived only from the bony otic capsule .
it is characterized by alternating phases of abnormal removal of mature bone of the otic capsule by osteoclasts , and replacement with new woven bone of greater thickness , cellularity , and v... | backgroundthe aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the clinical importance of vestibular - evoked myogenic potentials ( vemps ) in the assessment and differential diagnosis of otosclerosis and otologic diseases characterized by
pseudo - conductive components .
we also investigated the clinical ap... |
osteoma is a benign osteogenic lesion , which was first described as a specific entity by jaffe in 1935 .
in the course of their slow but steady increase in size , osteomas of the maxillofacial bones remain asymptomatic until they attain sufficient sizes as to cause disfigurement and/or direct interference with the n... | osteomas are benign slow growing , osteogenic lesions which may arise from proliferation of either cancellous or compact bone .
they are usually sessile tumours composed of dense sclerotic , well formed bone projecting out from the cortical surface , most often of the skull and facial bones .
this paper reports a c... |
fig fruit represents an important constituent of the diet , because of their nutritional and medicinal values .
this type of diet is considered one of the healthiest and is associated with longevity .
figs are an excellent source of minerals , vitamins , polyphenols , and dietary fiber ; they are fat and cholestero... | this research was carried out in southeast of tunisia in 2009 and 2010 , in order to study the propagation of six ( ficus carica l. ) cultivars by using hardwood cuttings under the field conditions .
the effect of the cultivars and the type of buds , shoots age , shoots length , and shoots diameter were recorded .
... |
unintentional durotomy is a frequent complication of spinal surgical procedures , with a rate as high as 17% ( 1 ) .
a small percentage of patients with unintentional durotomy sustain intracranial haemorrhage , likely due to an alteration in intradural hydrostatic dynamics caused by cerebrospinal fluid hypovolaemia .... | we would like to present a rare case report describing a case in which new - onset tonic - clonic seizures occurred following an unintentional durotomy during lumbar discectomy and decompression .
unintentional durotomy is a frequent complication of spinal surgical procedures , with a rate as high as 17% . to our kno... |
it seems that complications of vitamin d deficiency have been completely removed by having enriched food by vitamin d , but rachitism is the top of iceberg of vitamin d deficiency .
vitamin d deficiency can also causes osteopenia , osteoporosis , and muscle weakness and increases risk of hip fracture in adults .
th... | introduction : vitamin d has a basic role in bone growth and metabolism and has been noticed for its important role in many diseases , such as diabetes , depression , hypertension , and cardiovascular disease . regarding some studies ,
detection of vitamin d deficiency in different places has important implication fo... |
prior to the availability of potent antiretroviral ( arv ) therapy , human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( hiv-1 ) infection was notable for the inevitable progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( aids)-defining events and death . with the advent of mono- and dual - nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor... | the first 15 years of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic was characterized by patients progressing to clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and death .
the availability of potent antiretrovirals led to the recognition of unique adverse events associated with select drugs .
more recent data sugge... |
surgical instruments and materials continue to be retained in the peritoneal cavity despite precautionary measures . even though uncommon it is also under - reported and carries serious medico - legal consequences .
gauzes and sponges ( gossypiboma ) are the most commonly retained materials and intra - abdominal reta... | context : surgical instruments and materials continue to be retained in the peritoneal cavity despite precautionary measures . even though uncommon it is also under - reported and carries serious medico - legal consequences .
gauzes and sponges ( gossypiboma ) are the most commonly retained materials and intra - abdo... |
like many developed nations and even some developing ones , jamaica is able to boast of its notable achievement in progress made toward advancing the health status of its populace , during the twentieth century which are expressed in the postponement of death , lowered fertility , high nutrition and sanitation and mor... | background : an extensive search of the literature found no studies that have examined functional capacity [ activities of daily living ( adl ) and instrumental activities for daily living ( i ) adl ) ] of jamaican older men as well as factors that determine their functional capacity.aims:the current study examines 1 )... |
they were randomized to placebo , metformin ( 850 mg twice daily ) , or a lifestyle intervention .
the participants mean age was 51 years and mean bmi was 34.0 kg / m , 68% were women , and 45% belonged to u.s .
the lifestyle and metformin interventions reduced the incidence of diabetes by 58 and 31% , respectively... | objectivethe c allele at the rs11212617 polymorphism in the ataxia - telangiectasia mutated ( atm ) gene has been associated with greater clinical response to metformin in people with type 2 diabetes .
we tested whether this variant modified the effect of metformin in the diabetes prevention program ( dpp ) , in whi... |
pentalogy of cantrell is a rare multiple congenital malformation which occurs worldwide with a reported incidence of 5.5 per million live births.1 the exact cause is not known but is mainly thought to be sporadic , though its being associated with some chromosomal disorders like trisomy 1823 and deletion on locus at xq... | pentalogy of cantrell is a rare congenital malformation whose exact cause is not completely understood ; it is characterized by defects in the anterior abdominal and thoracic walls consisting of omphalocoele , diaphragmatic defect , ectopia cordis , intracardiac defects and sternal clefts .
the complex has variable c... |
pustulotic arthro - osteitis ( pao ) was first described by sonozaki.it is a relatively rare disease
a 53-year - old woman was admitted to our department in february 2007 with a pustular rash affecting the palms and soles .
inflammation and swelling of the small joints and right - sided low back pain developed duri... | pustulotic arthro - osteitis , first described by sonozaki , is a relatively rare disorder .
its prevalence is however probably underestimated in dermatological literature .
early recognition of the signs can prevent misdiagnosis .
we describe a turkish patient who presented with palmoplantar pustulosis and invol... |
shingles , also called herpes zoster ( hz ) , is a common viral disease .
psoriasis is another common , chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease that involves the skin and joints with an overall prevalence of 2% to 3% of the world 's population .
koebner phenomenon ( kp ) , also called isomorphic respon... | abstractboth shingles and psoriasis are common cutaneous diseases .
about 25% of the psoriatic patients develop koebner phenomenon ( kp ) after various injuries , and in rare instance , kp may occur at the site of healed or healing shingles.we report a 30-year - old man with 7-month history of scalp psoriasis who dev... |
subtilosin
is a ribosomally - synthesized cyclopeptide produced by bacillus subtilis atcc 6633 and a recently identified natural isolate of bacillus amyloliquefaciens [ 1 , 2 ] .
this protein has a unique structure
among bacteriocins , and possesses antimicrobial activity
against a variety of pathogenic o... | bacterial vaginosis ( bv ) , a condition affecting millions of women each year , is primarily caused by the gram - variable organism gardnerella vaginalis . a number of organisms associated with bv cases have been reported to develop multidrug resistance , leading to the need for alternative therapies .
previously , ... |
lymphangioma is a developmental malformation of lymphatic tissue , characterized by submucosal tumors covered with normal mucosa.1 these benign tumors are commonly found in children , and although they may develop anywhere , the tumors are usually found in the head , neck , and axillary regions , and rarely in the gast... | lymphangioma is an uncommon malformation of the lymphatic system that involves a benign proliferation of the lymphatics , with no established treatment method .
multiple colonic lymphangioma , or colonic lymphangiomatosis , is an extremely rare condition .
we report a case of colonic lymphangiomatosis that was dete... |
drawings were collected and analysed as evidence for specific kinds of mental activity in
the context of early child psychology , beginning in the 1870s .
researchers distinguished
children s image production from subjective artistic expression , establishing drawing as a
material trace of universal patterns of... | researchers in the mind sciences often look to the production and analysis of drawings to
reveal the mental processes of their subjects .
this essay presents three episodes that
trace the emergence of drawing as an instrumental practice in the study of the mind .
between 1880 and 1930
, drawings gained curren... |
the nuclear receptors comprise a family of transcriptional regulators involved in a wide variety of biological processes such as embryonic development , differentiation and homeostasis [ 1 , 2 ] .
the family includes ligand - dependent zinc - finger transcription factors for steroid hormones , estrogens , thyroid hor... | background : germ - cell nuclear factor ( gcnf , nr6ai ) is an orphan nuclear receptor .
its expression pattern suggests it functions during embryogenesis , in the placenta and in germ - cell development .
mouse gcnf cdna codes for a protein of 495 amino acids , whereas the four reported human cdna variants code fo... |
we report involvement of unusual site in ilio - acetabular region with breach in articular cartilage .
intra - operatively breach in acetabular roof was seen which was missed in the scan .
this case report emphasizes about the rarity of the lesion in this location and the rare chances of breach in articular cartila... | introduction : desmoid tumor of bone is a rare benign tumor . it is reported commonly in mandibular and meta - diaphyseal region of long bones .
we report involvement of unusual site in ilio - acetabular region with breach in articular cartilage.case report : a 40 year old female presented with pain in the left hip .... |
uterine malformations can cause amenorrhea , infertility , recurrent pregnancy loss and pain and can also be normally functioning , depending on the nature of the defect [ 13,5 ] .
the prevalence of uterine malformation is estimated to be 6.7% in the general population , slightly higher ( 7.3% ) in the infertile popu... | highlightsobtaining a detailed medical history is important , and we should not depend on examination tools when dealing with patients.unexplained findings should raise suspicions regarding other possible diagnoses , and the same non - conclusive procedures should not be repeated.following this advice can prevent unnec... |
a 19-year - old female with no significant past medical history or medication use presented to our hospital in april 2010 with severe nephrotic syndrome characterized by marked fluid retention , heavy proteinuria ( protein : creatinine ratio of 1244 mg / mmol ) , hypoalbuminaemia ( 13
g / l ) and elevated total serum... | we report a case of steroid- and cyclophosphamide - resistant nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal - change disease occurring in an otherwise healthy 19-year - old female , responding rapidly to two doses of rituximab therapy .
complete disease remission has been sustained up to last follow - up ( 32 months ) desp... |
among all emergency cases the ratio of incarcerated / strangulated hernias differs across the countries .
but it is well known that hernia is the common cause of small bowel obstruction , and mortality and morbidity rates increase in case of strangulation . during acute ischemic conditions , metal binding capacity of... | purpose . to evaluate the predictive effect of i
m a in incarcerated hernias . methods .
three groups ( n = 7 ) of rats were operated .
group i aimed to mimic incarceration , group ii aimed the strangulation , and group iii was the sham group .
i m a and ldh measurements were made . results .
i m a levels wer... |
iran is in the thalassemic belt with a frequency of about 6 -10% in the northern and southern provinces ( 1 ) .
cancer antigen 15.3 ( ca15.3 ) , a product of muc1 gene ; is an epithelial mucin and its high level is associated with breast cancer . in patients with breast cancer ,
evaluation of ca15.3 has not been re... | background : high serum level of cancer antigen 15.3 ( ca15.3 ) has been reported in some malignant and nonmalignant conditions including thalassemia major which could have been resulted from ineffective erythropoiesis .
we aimed to evaluate the serum level of ca15.3 in carriers of beta - thalassemia by comparing the... |
the accelerated emergence of antibiotic resistance among the prevalent pathogens is of global health concern .
enterococcus , is one such pathogen which is the leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia , urinary tract infections ( uti ) , and surgical site infections .
enterococcus resistance to antimicrobial agents t... | background : resistance to commonly used antibiotics by enterococci causing nosocomial infections is of concern , which necessitates judicious , responsible and evidence - based use of antibiotics .
the present study was conducted to review the prevalence and identify therapeutic options for nosocomial enterococcal i... |
the wideness of interest of a scientific discipline , and its impact on knowledge and the research progress may be estimated through the number of journals issued in its field , the quantity of articles published in a given timespan , and the number of citations these articles obtained .
no doubt , this is a rough es... | especially in recent years , biomedical research has taken advantage of the progress in several disciplines , among which microscopy and histochemistry . to assess the influence of histochemistry in the biomedical field , the articles published during the period 2011 - 2015 have been selected from different databases a... |
candidemia and invasive candidiasis ( c / ic ) show an increasing incidence in the nosocomial setting .
the crude mortality of those infections ranges between 36%63% depending on patient population.14 comorbidities , aging and age - associated physiological changes , higher rates of oropharyngeal colonization with ca... | fungi are major causes of infections among immunocompromised or hospitalized patients with serious underlying diseases and comorbidities .
candida species remain the most important cause of opportunistic infections worldwide , affecting predominantly patients over 65 years old , while they are considered to be the fo... |
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was introduced by gruntzig in the late 1970s as an alternative to coronary artery bypass graft surgery for coronary revascularization.1 since then , percutaneous coronary intervention ( pci ) has been accepted as a safe , reliable , and effective treatment for coronary art... | first - generation drug - eluting stents have raised concerns regarding the risk of late and very late stent thrombosis compared with bare metal stents and require prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy . despite extensive investigations ,
the physiopathology of these late events remains incompletely understood . aside ... |
the modern concept of decompression for traumatic brain injury ( tbi ) was introduced by harvey cushing before world war i .
the monro - kellie hypothesis dictates that the amount of space within the skull is constant ; therefore , when the pressure is raised death occurs by herniation when the capacity for adjustmen... | more frequently than adults , pediatric victims of severe traumatic brain injury experience diffuse severe cerebral edema without mass lesions .
these patients require methods to reduce intracranial pressure quickly and reliably .
surgical decompression provides rapid relief of increased intracranial pressure and i... |
a 32-year male patient presented to the ed with severe dyspnea and agitation at 2:00 a.m. the patient was placed in orthopnea position and oxygen was administered .
blood pressure was 165/50 mmhg , heart rate was 113 bpm , body temperature was 36.5 c , 25 breaths of respiratory rate per minute and oxygen saturation w... | acute dyspnea is a major complaint of patients admitted to cardiology and emergency departments ( ed ) .
acute dyspnea can be life - threatening , and is seen in cases of asthma , pulmonary embolism , acute heart failure and myocardial infarction .
the present case is that of a 32-year - old man admitted to the ed ... |
debilitating conditions , such as disc herniation or lumbar spinal stenosis , are one of the most common causes of lumbago and lumbar radiculopathy
. it may be easily recognized by their clinical symptoms and signs . magnetic resonance imaging ( mri )
nevertheless , there are uncommon causes of lumbago or radiculop... | discal cysts are a rare cause of lumbar radiculopathy . there are only a few reports of this disease in medical literature .
the authors describe the case of a 40-year - old man with a lumbar discal cyst that led to radiculopathy .
an intraspinal extradural cystic mass was responsible for low and high signal intens... |
salmonella was the most common cause of foodborne outbreaks ( fbos ) in the european union ( eu ) in 2013 , with 1168 fbos of human salmonellosis reported by 22 member states , accounting for 22.5% of all notified outbreaks of foodborne illness in the eu according to the european food safety authority ( efsa , 2015 ) .... | in the latest year , and also in 2013 , salmonella was the most frequently detected causative agent in foodborne outbreaks ( fbos ) reported in europe . as indicated in efsa report ( 2015 )
the serotypes mostly associated to fbos are s. typhimurium and enteritidis ; while salmonella typhimurium is generally associate... |
peripheral nerve injuries are commonly caused by trauma to the upper limbs and are present in an estimated 23% of all patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center ( noble et al . , 1998 ) .
the economic impact of nerve injuries can be large with operative costs , hospital charges , rehabilitation visits , and lost ti... | the management of traumatic peripheral nerve injury remains a considerable concern for clinicians . with
minimal innovations in surgical technique and a limited number of specialists trained to treat peripheral nerve injury , outcomes of surgical intervention have been unpredictable .
the inability to manipulate th... |
synaptic plasticity or long - lasting alterations in the efficacy of synaptic connections between two neurons has been proposed to be the cellular substrate of learning and memory ( malinow and malenka , 2002 ; bredt and nicoll , 2003 ; collingridge et al . , 2004 ; neves et al . , 2008 ) .
persistent changes in syna... | localization of mrnas to dendrites and local protein synthesis afford spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression and endow synapses with the capacity to autonomously alter their structure and function .
emerging evidence indicates that rna binding proteins , ribosomes , translation factors and mrnas encoding ... |
. main cause of acs is intra abdominal hypertension ( iah ) due to various factors such as abdominal surgery , ileus , intestinal obstruction , intraabdominal malignancy , and organomegaly
. the most important clinical presentations of acs are symptoms due to abdominal distension , acute oliguria , and respiratory pr... | key clinical messageorgan dysfunctions caused by intraabdominal hypertension is named as abdominal compartment syndrome ( acs ) . a patient with prostate cancer admitted with dyspnea and oliguria . after decompression
his health status improved . for patients with malignant disorders presented with oliguria and respi... |
lyme disease is a worldwide - distributed multisystem animal - borne disease , caused by borrelia burgdorferi ( bb ) sensu lato ( gram - negative spirochaetes ) which is a group of at least 12 closely related species .
recent evidence shows that human cases of lyme disease may also be caused by more than one species ... | lyme disease has become a global public health problem and a prototype of an emerging infection .
both treatment - refractory infection and symptoms that are related to borrelia burgdorferi infection remain subject to controversy . because of the absence of solid evidence on prevalence , causes , diagnostic criteria ... |
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate ) , p(3hb ) is a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester accumulated intracellularly by many microorganisms under unfavorable growth conditions .
the high production cost of p(3hb ) can be decreased by strain development , improving fermentation and separation processes [ 24 ] , and/or using a ch... | factors influencing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate ) p(3hb ) production by cupriavidus necator ccug52238 t utilizing oil palm frond ( opf ) juice were clarified in this study .
effects of initial medium ph , agitation speed , and ammonium sulfate ( nh4)2so4 concentration on the production of p(3hb ) were investigated in sh... |
a substantial body of evidence indicates , that low - grade
inflammation in the vascular endothelium promotes atherogenesis
[ 1 , 2 ] .
this is indirectly evidenced by the fact that several
inflammatory markers are linked to an increased risk of
atherosclerosis .
high - sensitive crp ( hscrp ) has been repo... | the study was aimed to compare inflammatory parameters between
carriers of apoe4 isoforms ( apoe4/3 , apoe4/2 , and apoe4/4
phenotypes ) and those of carrying apoe3 isoform without apoe4
isoform ( apoe3/3 phenotypes and apoe2/3 phenotypes ) .
the
concentrations of serum hscrp , svcam-1 , sicam-1 , and se - se... |
the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between cartilage , ligament , and meniscus degeneration and radiographic alignment in severe varus knee osteoarthritis in order to understand the development of varus knee osteoarthritis .
fifty - three patients ( 71 knees ) with primary varus knee osteoarthritis... | objectivesthe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between cartilage , ligament , and meniscus degeneration and radiographic alignment in severe varus knee osteoarthritis in order to understand the development of varus knee osteoarthritis.designfifty-three patients ( 71 knees ) with primary varus knee oste... |
in 2011 , the centers for disease control and prevention reported that nearly 26 million american adults , 8.3% of the population , had type 2 diabetes ( 1 ) .
the alarming increase in overweight and obesity has played a pivotal role in the rise of type 2 diabetes prevalence .
the obesity epidemic has also been ass... | objectiveseverity of obstructive sleep apnea ( osa ) has been associated with poorer glycemic control in type 2 diabetes .
it is not known whether obstructive events during rapid eye movement ( rem ) sleep have a different metabolic impact compared with those during non - rem ( nrem ) sleep .
treatment of osa is of... |
peripheral veno - arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( va - ecmo ) is increasingly used in acute , severe cardiogenic shock refractory to conventional therapy .
although percutaneous femoral insertion of va - ecmo is straightforward , the procedure is usually performed after intubation under general anaesth... | we report on the use of percutaneous femoral veno - arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( va - ecmo ) in a fully awake , non - intubated and spontaneously breathing patient suffering from acute , severe and refractory cardiogenic shock due to a ( sub)acute anterior myocardial infarction . intensified heart fai... |
gas storage in porous
materials is a desirable technology that
has been significantly developed in recent years , owing to its potential
to address numerous persisting challenges in a number of industrial
applications related to energy , environment , and health care sectors . in the context of clean energy
,... | the molecular building block approach
was employed effectively
to construct a series of novel isoreticular , highly porous and stable ,
aluminum - based metal
organic frameworks with soc topology . from this platform ,
three compounds were experimentally
isolated and fully characterized : namely , the paren... |
each year , an estimated 10 million health care office visits to gynecologists are due to vulvovaginitis .
vulvovaginitis refers to a variety of inflammatory lower genital tract disorders that may be secondary to infection , irritation , allergy , or systemic disease .
infectious causes of vulvovaginitis include ba... | background . the fda approved over - the - counter ( otc )
use of vaginal antifungals in 1990 .
subsequently , a plethora of otc products have become available to women on drugstore shelves .
objectives .
the purpose of this study was to determine the availability of otc products marketed for the treatment of v... |
we retrospectively reviewed the cholangiographic findings and hospital records of 67 patients who between january 1997 and may 1999 had undergone metallic biliary stent placement for the palliation of malignant extrahepatic strictures including klatskin tumors and peripheral cholangiocarcinoma invading the confluence o... | objectiveto compare the efficacy of suprapapillary and transpapillary methods of transhepatic biliary metallic stent placement in malignant biliary strictures and to specify the indications of each method applied.materials and methodsstents were placed in 59 patients .
strictures were categorized as type a ( within 3... |
they may have similar presentations but possibly different treatment modalities , ie , hysterectomy for adenomyosis versus conservative management or hysterectomy for leiomyomas , or both .
however , only limited studies have been performed on the efficacy of conservative treatment of adenomyosis , and these typicall... | objective : we evaluated the role of mri as a preoperative diagnostic tool for leiomyoma and adenomyosis.method:this is a retrospective chart review at a university - based hospital .
the study included 1517 women who underwent hysterectomy or myomectomy over a 5-year period , and 153 women with a preoperative pelvic... |
the utility of this model stems from the fact that few assumptions are needed to determine hazard ratios based on the coefficients .
the stratified cox ( sc ) model is a modification of the cox ph model , which allows for control by stratification of a predictor that does not satisfy the ph assumption .
parametri... | background : the goal of this study is to extend the applications of parametric survival models so that they include cases in which accelerated failure time ( aft ) assumption is not satisfied , and examine parametric and semiparametric models under different proportional hazards ( ph ) and aft assumptions.methods:the ... |
despite many promising lupus treatments reaching early - phase human studies over the past several decades , none except belimumab has yet demonstrated efficacy in phase iii trials . attempts to explain
the disappointing results of most clinical trials in lupus have pointed to pitfalls in the application and interpre... | objectivesto compare two measures of systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) response : the british isles lupus assessment group ( bilag)-based composite lupus assessment ( bicla ) and the systemic lupus responder index ( sri ) against a clinician 's assessment of improvement.methodsninety-one lupus patients were identifi... |
treatment of elbow dislocation with irreparable radial head fracture needs replacement of radial head to achieve stability of elbow .
an alternate method in cases of elbow dislocation with radial head fracture can be resection of radial head with repair of medial collateral ligament .
we report a retrospective anal... | background : treatment of elbow dislocation with irreparable radial head fracture needs replacement of radial head to achieve stability of elbow . an alternate method in cases of elbow dislocation with radial head fracture
can be resection of radial head with repair of medial collateral ligament .
we report a retro... |
ld is a nationally notifiable condition , and cases are reported by state and local health departments to the centers for disease control and prevention ( cdc ) through the national notifiable diseases surveillance system in accordance with previously established protocols ( 7 ) .
, a revised case definition was impl... | hispanics comprise a growing portion of the us population and might have distinct risk factors for tickborne diseases . during 20002013 ,
a total of 5,473 lyme disease cases were reported among hispanics through national surveillance .
hispanics were more likely than non - hispanics to have signs of disseminated in... |
chronic cardiovascular diseases ( cvds ) are considered the leading cause of mortality worldwide ( 1,2 ) .
mortalities by cvds occur mainly due to coronary heart disease ( chd ) , stroke , rheumatic heart , and myocardial infarction ( mi ) .
approximately 80% of these deaths occur in low and middle income families ... | cardiovascular diseases ( cvds ) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide . coronary heart disease ( chd )
is the main cause of mortality in heart patients following stroke , rheumatic heart disease and myocardial infarctions .
approximately 80% of individuals succumb to cvds , due to poor living conditions in ... |
metastases to the spleen from various sites are a rare occurrence and usually occur in the presence of widely disseminated disease .
previously documented sites of primary disease include the ovaries , melanoma , breast , lung and the colon and are typically associated with high disease burden .
splenic metastases ... | introductionthe spleen is a highly vascular organ and is in close proximity to many potential primary sites such as the stomach , breast , pancreas and colon .
it is however an unusual site for metastatic disease .
the reasons for this are not fully understood at the present time . a number of hypotheses have been ... |
recent advances in repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms ( taaa ) allow one to choose between three therapeutic options : conventional open surgery , a hybrid open - endovascular procedure or endovascular repair . despite significant progress in operative technique and procedural anesthesia , a conventional open ... | conventional open surgical repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm ( taaa ) is associated with high perioperative mortality and morbidity risk .
our report of successful treatment of a 56-year - old patient with taaa involving all visceral arteries and with many comorbidities with a fenestrated stent graft support... |
renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) may metastasize to any site of the body , but clinically evident metastatic intestinal involvement by rcc is extremely rare . to our knowledge , simultaneous duodenal and colonic metastases have not been reported in the english literature .
we report a case of pathologically proven simult... | we report a case of pathologically proven simultaneous duodenal and colonic metastases about four years after nephrectomy for mixed clear and granular cell type renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) . a 76-year - old female patient who had undergone a left radical nephrectomy 4 years previously for rcc presented with a 1-month ... |
sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of undetermined cause which is characterized by the widespread presence of non - caseating granuloma .
autopsy - based series report prevalence rates of renal involvement between 7 and 27% , and the disease is well known for its protean manifestations [ 24 ] .
two non - mutually... | renal sarcoidosis embraces a wide variety of clinical patterns .
renal vascular involvement has seldom been reported and usually in the setting of systemic vasculitis .
we report the case of a 22-year - old patient in whom inaugural manifestation of renal sarcoidosis consisted of severe hypertension associated with... |
although the basic principles of resuscitation were described by versalius more than 500 years ago , the practice of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in its modern form only starts 50 years ago .
despite advances in the understanding and practices of airway management , ventilatory support , external cardiac compression... | pioneer works on therapeutic hypothermia ( th ) half a century ago already showed promising results but clinical application was limited by a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology , lack of reliable method for temperature control and lack of intensive care facilities to deal with possible complication... |
myctophids ( myctophidae ) are mesopelagic fishes distributed in all the world s oceans ( dalpadado and gjster 1988 ; cherel et al .
2010 ) , playing an important role in the marine ecosystems ( gjster and kawaguchi 1980 ; cherel et al . 2010 ) as trophic links between zooplankton ( kinzer and schulz 1985 ; shreeve e... | the seasonal variations in glacier lanternfish ( benthosema glaciale ) vertical distribution and diel vertical migration ( dvm ) were studied by use of a bottom - mounted upward - facing 38 khz echo sounder deployed at 392 m depth and cabled to shore in masfjorden ( ~6052n , ~524e ) , norway .
acoustic data from ju... |
acute liver failure ( alf ) can occur as a result of various etiologies including hepatic injury by drugs and poison , viral hepatitis , ischemia , or other causes .
the mechanisms by which liver cells are destroyed as well as the processes mediating liver regeneration , remain largely unknown .
it has become evide... | acute liver failure ( alf ) can be the consequence of various etiologies , that might vary between different geographic regions .
most frequent are intoxications with acetaminophen , viral hepatitis , or liver damage of unknown origin .
alf occurs when the extent of hepatocyte death exceeds the regenerative capacit... |
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is subdivided into the dry form and the wet form . according to bressler et al .
the minimally classic / occult trial of the anti - vegf antibody ranibizumab in the treatment of neovascular age - related macular degeneration ( marina ) evaluated the benefit of ranibizumab in... | aim . to assess the significance of age , gender , baseline
best corrected visual acuity , baseline macula thickness , and type and size of choroidal neovascularization in early morphological therapeutic response to ranibizumab treatment in patients with the wet form of age - related macular degeneration .
methods ... |
few similar cases are reported in literature but none of them is associated with mirizzi syndrome .
radiological images could help the surgeon to choose the surgical strategy and to evaluate the presence of associated diseases . in our case
laparoscopic surgery showed to be an excellent approach for both the cholec... | a gallbladder incarcerated hernia associated with mirizzi syndrome is a very rare entity and to our knowledge this is the first case ever described in literature . an 85-year - old man presented at the emergency department with a tender right upper quadrant mass .
computed tomography ( ct ) revealed the presence of a... |
neglected tropical diseases ( ntds ) is an umbrella term used to describe infectious diseases that primarily affect low - income populations in tropical regions and are often widespread , chronic , and debilitating .
although the number of diseases that are officially recognized as ntds by various public health autho... | neglected tropical diseases constitute a significant public health burden , affecting over one billion people globally , yet this group of diseases is underrepresented in the appropriation of both monetary and intellectual capital for developing improved therapies and public health campaigns .
the topic of neglected ... |
severely obese adults seeking lifestyle interventions report impaired physical , mental , and obesity - specific quality of life ( qol ) [ 13 ] . thus
, several studies have included qol as a primary outcome in evaluation of multicomponent lifestyle interventions for these individuals [ 47 ] .
these studies have pr... | it is unknown how changes in physical activity may affect changes in quality of life ( qol ) outcomes during lifestyle interventions for severely obese adults .
the purpose of this study was to examine associations in the patterns of change between objectively assessed physical activity as the independent variable an... |
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