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2,200 | The Zodiac settle is a piece of painted furniture designed by the English architect and designer William Burges and made between 1869 and 1871 . A wooden settle designed with Zodiac themes , it was made for Burges ' rooms at Buckingham Street , and later moved to the drawing room of The Tower House , the home that he designed for himself in Holland Park . Burges desired to fill his home with furniture covered with paintings , both ornaments and subjects it not only did its duty as furniture , but spoke and told a story . At one stage the poet John Betjeman gave the settle to the novelist Evelyn Waugh , and it is now in the collection of The Higgins Art Gallery Museum in Bedford . Design The settle is a wooden bench with a canopy . It is painted and stenciled , with inlaid pieces of glass crystal and vellum . In 1865 , Burges wrote , it is almost impossible for us to conceive the effect of a first class piece of medieval sacred furniture covered with burnished gilding engraved and punched into patterns enriched with paintings by an artist like Giotto , and glittering with mosaics of gilt and coloured glass . The only settle that Burges created , its form has been likened to a day bed of the Italian Renaissance . Burges scorned his typical French Gothic influences in his design for the settle , being influenced instead by English Gothic sources as well as the Italian Renaissance . It is decorated with a central painted panel , painted by Henry Stacy Marks . The panel features an enthroned sun , with the Zodiac signs dancing around it . The signs of Leo , Virgo , Cancer , Gemini , Taurus and Aries dance on the right , and Libra , Scorpio , Sagittarius , Capricorn , Aquarius and Pisces are dancing on the left . The planets of the solar system are depicted as musicians on one side of the settle , with Saint Cecilia and another female figure on the other side . It is inscribed in Latin unk unk ME unk FECIT ANNO unk unk unk ME unk FECIT unk unk unk ( Burges the Architect had me made in the year of salvation 1869 however he had me painted in April of the year of salvation 1870 ) . The maker of the settle is unknown it is believed to be either Harland and Fisher , who had made earlier pieces of furniture for Burges , or John Walden , who made the guest bedroom furniture for the Tower House . The settle featured in photographs published in 1885 , taken in Buckingham Street by Burges 's brother in law , Richard Popplewell Pullan . The settle is shown with an embroidered panel and three seat cushions . History Designed by Burges for himself , the Zodiac settle was originally placed in his rooms at 15 Buckingham Street on the The Strand in London , and later moved to The Tower House in Holland Park around 1878 , when Burges first occupied the house . The Tower House was designed by Burges by himself . Burges continued to work on Tower House until his death in 1881 , and the Zodiac settle was placed opposite the drawing room windows in Tower House . The decoration of the drawing room remained unfinished upon Burges 's death . The Tower House was subsequently owned by Burges 's brother in law , Pullan , and then by Colonel T. H. Minshall in the 1920s . Minshall offered the Zodiac settle and other items from Tower House for sale in 1933 , but the settle remained unsold . The Tower House was owned by Colonel E. R. B. Graham and his wife from 1933 . The English poet John Betjeman , a champion of the architecture of the Victorian Gothic Revival , later befriended the Grahams and Betjeman was given the remaining two year lease on the Tower House and some of the furniture upon Mrs Graham 's death in 1962 . Betjeman subsequently gave the Zodiac settle as well as the Narcissus washstand and the Philosophy cabinet from Tower House to his friend , the novelist Evelyn Waugh . It is believed Betjeman gave them to Waugh to appease his wife , Penelope , who did not share his appreciation of Gothic Revival painted furniture . The Philosophy cabinet is now in the private collection of Andrew Lloyd Webber and the Narcissus washstand in the collection of The Higgins Art Gallery Museum in Bedford . Waugh mentioned the settle in a letter to his daughter unk FitzHerbert in July 1965 . Waugh wrote that the settle was looking very well between the windows of the morning room . The settle descended through the Waugh family before being acquired by The Higgins Art Gallery Museum in 2011 . 2011 acquisition A temporary export bar was placed on the settle by the Reviewing Committee on the Export of Works of Art and Objects of Cultural Interest ( unk ) . The unk is part of the Arts Council England and advise the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport on matters concerning the exporting of objects of national interest . It was subsequently acquired by The Higgins Art Gallery Museum in Bedford after a 480 , 000 grant from the National Heritage Memorial Fund ( unk ) , 190 , 000 from the Trustees of the Cecil Higgins Art Gallery and 180 , 000 from the Art Fund .
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2,201 | The 95th Boat Race took place on 26 March 1949 . Held annually , the Boat Race is a side by side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames in London . The race , umpired by the former Oxford rower Guy Oliver Nickalls , was notable as the commentator for the BBC , John Snagge announced I can 't see who 's in the lead , but it 's either Oxford or Cambridge . Cambridge won by a quarter of a length , the narrowest margin of victory since the 1877 race which was officially recorded as a dead heat . The victory took the overall record in the event to 51 43 in their favour . Background The Boat Race is a side by side rowing competition between the University of Oxford ( sometimes referred to as the Dark Blues ) and the University of Cambridge ( sometimes referred to as the Light Blues ) . First held in 1829 , the race takes place on the 4 . 2 mile ( 6 . 8 km ) Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London . The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities it is followed throughout the United Kingdom and , as of 2014 , broadcast worldwide . Cambridge went into the race as reigning champions , having won the 1948 race by five lengths , with Cambridge leading overall with 50 victories to Oxford 's 43 ( excluding the dead heat of 1877 ) . Cambridge were coached by R. Beesly ( who had rowed for the Light Blues in the 1927 , 1928 and 1929 races ) , W. L. S. Flemming , Mike Nicholson ( non rowing boat club president for the 1947 race ) , Harold Rickett ( who had rowed three times between 1930 and 1932 ) , and M. H. Warriner ( a three time Blue between 1928 and 1930 ) . Oxford 's coaches were Hugh Jumbo Edwards ( who had rowed for Oxford in 1926 and 1930 ) , F. E. Hellyer ( who had coached Cambridge on five previous occasions ) , A. McCulloch ( who had rowed in the 1908 race ) and J. MacNabb ( who had coached Cambridge between 1930 and 1932 ) . The race was umpired by Guy Oliver Nickalls who had rowed for Oxford in the 1921 , 1922 and 1923 races . Writing in The Observer , G. I. F. Thomson noted that neither crew contains an oarsman of any exceptional power , distinction or reputation yet both crews had improved in form since their arrival at Putney . The rowing correspondent for The Manchester Guardian praised the quality of the final coaching on the Thames , and stated that there has been no threat of influenza , and no last minute change in the constitution of either crew . He went on to claim that Oxford should win . The Times ' rowing correspondent suggested that the crews were extraordinarily evenly matched . Crews The Cambridge crew weighed an average of 12 st 10 . 75 lb ( 80 . 9 kg ) , 2 pounds ( 0 . 9 kg ) per rower more than their opponents . Oxford 's crew contained five participants with prior Boat Race experience , including cox Alastair unk Brown . Cambridge saw one rower return to the crew in number five Paul Bircher . The Light Blue 's crew contained three Olympic medallists Charles Lloyd , Bircher and Paul Massey won silver when they finished second in the men 's eights at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London . Race Oxford won the toss and elected to start from the Middlesex station , handing the Surrey side of the river to Cambridge . The umpire , Nickalls , started the race at 11 30 a.m. The Dark Blues took an early lead and were half a length ahead after the first minute of the race . They were clear of Cambridge by Craven Steps , and by the time the crews passed the Mile Post , were a length ahead . In the headwind along Chiswick Reach , and with the bend in the river in their favour , Cambridge slowly redressed the balance and by Chiswick Eyot they had begun to overlap Oxford 's boat . By the bottom of Dukes Meadows , Oxford 's lead was down to half a length and as Cambridge out rated their opponents , they drew level and passed under Barnes Bridge side by side . Despite numerous spurts from Oxford 's stroke Davidge , Cambridge kept in touch and were fighting every inch of the way . unk for the BBC on a launch whose engine had failed , John Snagge announced I can 't see who 's in the lead , but it 's either Oxford or Cambridge . Both crews were rating over 33 strokes per minute as they approached the finishing post , with the Light Blues just edging ahead to win by a quarter of a length in a time of 18 minutes 57 seconds . The winning distance was the narrowest since the dead heat result of the 1877 Race . It was Cambridge 's third consecutive victory and took the overall record in the event to 51 43 in their favour . The rowing correspondent for The Manchester Guardian suggested that this was a race that will never be forgotten , while the correspondent for The Times claimed that 1949 must go down in Boat Race history as having provided one of the epic struggles of all time . G. I. F. Thomson , writing in The Observer , stated that heroic determination on both sides ... produced perhaps the most exciting Boat Race of all time .
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2,202 | M 19 is a state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan . The trunkline begins northeast of Detroit at a junction with Interstate 94 ( I 94 ) near New Haven and runs northward to a junction with M 142 just east of Bad Axe in The Thumb region of the Lower Peninsula . The highway runs through mostly rural and agricultural areas , connecting several small communities . Dating back to the original signposting of the state highway system , M 19 initially connected Detroit with Port Huron and Port Austin in 1919 . In late 1926 , the routing was altered to shorten it to Bad Axe on the north and Richmond on the south . Additional changes in the 1950s and 1960s updated the highway to finish paving the roadway and extend it southward to its present terminus . Route description M 19 begins at a junction with I 94 near New Haven at the interchange for exit 247 . The highway runs to the northwest along New Haven Road into town where it turns northeasterly on Gratiot Avenue to run parallel to I 94 . Outside of New Haven , the landscape along the highway is composed of mostly farm fields on the way to Richmond . Once the trunkline enters that city , it turns northwesterly and then northward along Main Street before exiting town . Continuing north , M 19 travels through mostly rural areas and agricultural fields and continues as such , through the community of Memphis . The trunkline crosses out of Macomb County into St. Clair County in the middle of town . M 19 crosses the Belle River and continues to a junction with I 69 at exit 184 , about 15 miles ( 24 km ) west of Port Huron . From here the route continues north , passing through the small , rural community of Emmett , where M 19 crosses a branch line of the Canadian National Railway that also carries Amtrak 's Blue Water passenger route . North of Emmet , M 19 runs through farm fields at the base of The Thumb to Brockway , where it crosses Mill Creek and has a junction with M 136 . North of Brockway the road jogs to the west passing east of the Yale Airport , a small grass landing strip just southeast of the city of Yale . The trunkline passes through Yale where it serves as Main Street in the small community . North of town , the surroundings open up into agricultural fields once again as the road continues its trek northward , crossing into Sanilac County . Across the county line , M 19 passes through small rural communities such as Peck and Speaker . About 26 miles ( 42 km ) north of Yale , the road approaches the city of Sandusky , the county seat of Sanilac County . The road runs through residential areas into the center of town . Once downtown , the highway meets M 46 M 19 turns west , to follow M 46 , running concurrently for about five miles ( 8 . 0 km ) . After the two trunklines separate in Elmer , M 19 heads back northward as it enters rural and agricultural areas again . The highway heads due north for the next 30 miles ( 48 km ) passing through Argyle . M 19 crosses into Huron County south of unk . In that community , the highway crosses a branch line of the Huron and Eastern Railway . At a junction northeast of the Huron County Memorial Airport , M 19 reaches its northern terminus at M 142 just east of the city of Bad Axe . M 19 is maintained by MDOT like other state highways in Michigan . As a part of these maintenance responsibilities , the department tracks the volume of traffic that uses the roadways under its jurisdiction . These volumes are expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic , which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway . MDOT 's surveys in 2010 showed that the highest traffic levels along M 19 were the 19 , 737 vehicles daily south in Richmond the lowest counts were the 1 , 482 vehicles per day in Emmet . No section of M 19 has been listed on the National Highway System , a network of roads important to the country 's economy , defense , and mobility . History When the state 's highway system was initially signed in 1919 , M 19 was signposted from Detroit northeasterly to Port Huron before turning westward to run concurrently along M 21 and curving northerly to run to Bad Axe . From there it continued on to a terminus in Port Austin . When the United States Numbered Highway System was approved on November 11 , 1926 , the southernmost segment from Detroit to Port Huron was assigned to the then new US Highway 25 ( US 25 ) . M 19 was removed from M 21 and realigned from Yale southward through Emmet to connect to US 25 in Richmond . The northern end was truncated to end to the east of Bad Axe . In 1956 , a realignment of M 90 shortened the concurrency of that highway with M 19 . By the middle of 1960 , the last 10 mile ( 16 km ) segment of the highway was paved between Elmer and Argyle . When US 25 was moved to follow a completed segment of the I 94 freeway in 1963 , M 19 was extended southerly along Gratiot Avenue from Richmond to New Haven and on to the freeway . Major intersections
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2,203 | Pennsylvania Route 663 ( PA 663 ) is a 22 . 98 mile long ( 36 . 98 km ) state highway in Bucks and Montgomery counties in southeast Pennsylvania . Its northern terminus is at PA 309 and PA 313 in Quakertown , where it continues eastward as PA 313 , and its southern terminus is at PA 100 in Pottstown . Along the way , PA 663 also passes through the town of Pennsburg . It is called John Fries Highway between Pennsburg and Quakertown . It has an interchange with Interstate 476 ( I 476 , the Northeast Extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike ) at exit 44 west of Quakertown . The route was assigned in 1930 , and it has had several realignments since its commissioning , including two major ones . Route description PA 663 begins at an intersection with PA 100 in Pottstown , Montgomery County , heading east on four lane undivided West King Street . The road passes through commercial areas and crosses the Colebrookdale Railroad and unk Creek . The route becomes two lane undivided King Street and is lined with residences . PA 663 turns north onto Charlotte Street and continues past homes , curving to the northeast . The road crosses into Upper unk Township and runs through a mix of residential and commercial areas as North Charlotte Street . The route turns east before it curves back to the northeast . PA 663 continues through wooded areas with a few homes and enters New Hanover Township . The road runs through more rural areas with some development and passes to the east of New Hanover Airport at the Swamp Pike intersection . Farther northeast , PA 663 intersects PA 73 and turns east to form a concurrency with that route on Big Road . The road crosses Swamp Creek before PA 663 splits from PA 73 by heading northeast on Layfield Road . The route runs through farmland and woodland with some development . Farther northeast , the road heads into Upper Hanover Township and crosses the Green Lane Reservoir along the Perkiomen Creek . PA 663 heads into Pennsburg , where it becomes Pottstown Avenue and runs past homes and a few businesses . In the center of town , the route intersects PA 29 . Past this intersection , the road becomes Quakertown Avenue and passes more development before leaving Pennsburg for Upper Hanover Township again . At this point , the route becomes John Fries Highway and heads through farm fields and woods . Past the unk Pike intersection , PA 663 enters Milford Township in Bucks County and continues through more rural areas . The road passes to the southeast of Spinnerstown and widens into a four lane divided highway at the Spinnerstown Road unk Road intersection , where it curves to the east . The route becomes undivided and comes to an interchange with I 476 ( Pennsylvania Turnpike Northeast Extension ) . PA 663 becomes a divided highway again and passes businesses . The route becomes a two lane undivided road again and continues back into rural areas , where it crosses Allentown Road . The road passes to the north of Milford Square and passes near some development . The route enters Richland Township at the unk Road intersection and passes homes , becoming the border between Richland Township to the north and Quakertown to the south at the Milford Square Pike intersection . PA 663 heads into commercial areas and fully enters Quakertown , where it widens back into a four lane divided highway and comes to its northern terminus at an intersection with PA 309 . Past this intersection , the road continues east as PA 313 . History PA 663 was once part of the unk and Milford Square Turnpike . The turnpike was chartered in March 1858 . When Pennsylvania legislated routes in 1911 , what is now PA 663 was not given a number . PA 663 was designated in 1930 to run from in US 422 ( High Street ) in Pottstown north to PA 73 in New Hanover Township . At this time , the entire length of the route was paved , along with the unnumbered road between PA 73 and Quakertown . In 1936 , PA 663 was extended north to an intersection with PA 309 and PA 313 in Quakertown . The route followed its current alignment between PA 73 and Pennsburg before it followed Quakertown Road and Sleepy Hollow Road to Spinnerstown , where it turned east and followed Spinnerstown Road and Milford Square Pike to Quakertown . By 1967 , the southern terminus of PA 663 was rerouted to PA 100 in Pottstown , heading west on King Street . In the 1960s , PA 663 was shifted from Milford Square Pike to a new alignment to the north between the Northeast Extension and Quakertown . After construction began in 1973 , a new alignment of PA 663 to the south from Pennsburg to the Northeast Extension opened a year later , with the route moved off Quakertown Road , Sleepy Hollow Road , and Spinnerstown Road . Major intersections PA 663 Alternate Truck Pennsylvania Route 663 Alternate Truck is a truck route around a weight restricted bridge over the unk Creek in Pottstown , on which trucks over 25 tons and combination loads over 28 tons are prohibited . It follows PA 100 and PA 73 and was signed in 2013 .
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2,204 | My Hands is a song recorded by British singer songwriter Leona Lewis for her second studio album Echo ( 2009 ) . It was written by Arnthor Birgisson and Ina Wroldsen and produced by the former . Alongside Birgisson , Lewis was involved with the song 's vocal production . Lyrically , it is about life after the end of a relationship . The strings were performed by Urban Soul Orchestra , who were led by Simon Fischer . My Hands was selected as the official theme song for the English version of the video game Final Fantasy XIII . Lewis decided to accept the offer of her track being used as she felt as though she connected with the video game 's female protagonist , Lightning . The song garnered a mixed response from music critics , who described it as forgettable , despite noting that Lewis performs the song undeniably well . In March 2010 , My Hands debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 145 . Background and production My Hands was recorded for Lewis 's second studio album , Echo , which was released in November 2009 . It was written by Arnthor Birgisson and Ina Wroldsen , and produced by Birgisson . Both Lewis 's vocals and the instrumentation for the track were recorded by Seth Waldmann at Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles , California , United States , Dean Street Studios in London , England and The Vault in Stockholm , Sweden . Birgisson and Lewis carried the vocal production . The strings were performed by Urban Soul Orchestra , who were led by Simon Fischer they were arranged and conducted by Stephen Hussey . Additionally , the strings were recorded and engineered by Rich Cooper at British Groove Studios in London . All guitars were provided for by Esbjrn unk , while the choir was organised and arranged by Lawrence Johnson . The vocals performed by the choir were recorded by Neil Tucker at Metropolis Studios in London . My Hands was mixed by Manny Marroquin at Larrabee Studios in Universal City , California he was assisted in the process by Christian Plata and Erik Madrid . unk Simmonds contributed background vocals . Composition and critical reception Lasting for a duration of 4 12 , My Hands is a song about life after the end of a relationship . It is composed in the key of D major using common time and is 80 beats per minute . My Hands garnered a negative response from music critics . Andy Gill for The Independent listed it as one of the top four tracks to download from Echo , along with Happy , Lost Then Found and Brave . A reviewer for CBBC 's Newsround labelled the song , along with another track from the album called Broken , as pretty forgettable . The reviewer continued to write that although Lewis 's performs the songs undeniably well , they do not stand out compared to Happy and I Got You . Michael Cragg for musicOMH wrote that the chorus of My Hands erupts and bludgeons the listener into submission and that its meaning becomes overshadowed . Usage in media My Hands was selected as the official theme song for the trailer of Final Fantasy XIII . The video game was first released in Japan on 17 December 2009 , which uses a different theme song called Kimi Ga Iru Kara , written by Masashi Hamauzu and sung by Sayuri Sugawara . However , international versions produced by NTSC and PAL feature My Hands as the official theme song . Gabriel Zamora for Examiner.com wrote that despite sounding loud compared to Hamauzu 's song , My Hands suits the nature of the video game and seems to fit well . She continued to write that fans had hoped that My Hands would not replace Kimi Ga Iru Kara completely , instead wanting a new track called Eternal Love to be the official theme song . Although , she noted that the use of Lewis 's track for the entirety of the trailer seemed to make this an unlikely notion . As part of promotion for the video games release , Lewis recorded a promotional advert for Square Enix ( the video game 's developer and publisher ) and spoke about how she was happy to have been approached about the use of My Hands on the trailer and that it had some personal meaning . She said I 'm thrilled to be collaborating with Square Enix on such a groundbreaking game . I never would have imagined ' My Hands ' as such a perfect fit for Final Fantasy XIII , but the strong female protagonist struck a chord with me and I can 't wait to see Lightning do her thing . Track listing Standard edition My Hands 4 12 United States standard version My Hands 4 12 Credits and personnel Recording Recorded at Conway Recording Studios , Los Angeles , California , United States Dean Street Studios , London , England and The Vault , Stockholm , Sweden . Choir vocals recorded at Metropolis Studios , London , England . Mixed at Larrabee Studios , Universal City , California , United States . Personnel Credits adapted from the liner notes of Echo . Charts Five months after the release of Echo , My Hands debuted at number 145 on the UK Singles Chart on 20 March 2010 .
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2,205 | Douglas Park is a large Chicago Park District park that also serves as a cultural and community center on the West Side of Chicago , Illinois . It is named after the U.S. Senator Stephen A. Douglas , who died in 1861 . Originally named South Park , its 173 acres ( 0 . 70 km2 ) are in the North Lawndale community area of Chicago in Cook County , Illinois , United States with an official address of 1401 S. Sacramento Drive . History In 1869 , the Illinois state legislature established the West Park Commission , which was responsible for three large parks and interlinking boulevards . Later that year , on November 4 , 1869 the commissioners named the southernmost park in honor of Stephen A. Douglas ( 1813 1861 ) . Best remembered for his pre Civil War presidential defeat by Abraham Lincoln despite superb oratorical skills , Douglas was a United States Senator who helped bring the Illinois Central Railroad to Chicago . In 1871 , designer William Le Baron Jenney completed plans for the entire West Park System which included Douglas , Garfield , and Humboldt parks . Jenney 's engineering expertise was especially helpful for transforming Douglas Park 's poor natural site into parkland . He had manure from the Union Stock Yards and sand added to the marshy site . This process brought the 173 acres ( 0 . 70 km2 ) of land to grade level . In the center of the landscape , Jenney created a picturesque lake , and a small section of the park was formally opened in 1879 . unk construction costs and post Great Chicago Fire tax collection difficulties resulted in phased projects . The first improvements were made to the park by Oscar unk in the 1880s . Between 1886 and 1888 Douglas Park , like the other West Park System parks , replaced its greenhouse with a conservatory . In 1895 , members of several German turners ' clubs petitioned for an outdoor gymnasium , and the following year one of Chicago 's first public facilities was constructed with an outdoor gymnasium ( pictured right ) , swimming pool , and natatorium . 20th century redevelopment By the turn of the century , the West Park Commission was riddled with political graft , and the three parks became dilapidated . As part of a reform effort in 1905 , Jens Jensen was appointed as General Superintendent and Chief Landscape Architect for the entire West Park System . Jensen , now recognized as dean of the prairie style of landscape architecture , improved deteriorating sections of the parks and added new features . Among Jensen 's improvements were a semi circular entryway at Marshall Boulevard , and a formal garden at the corner of Ogden Avenue and Sacramento Drive . By the time Jensen designed the garden , Ogden Avenue , a diagonal roadway with a major streetcar thoroughfare that would later become part of Route 66 , had already been constructed . The road divided the park into two separate landscapes , creating a busy intersection at the junction of Ogden and Sacramento Avenues . Jensen 's solution was a long axial garden on the southeast side of the intersection , providing a buffer between Ogden Avenue and playing fields to the south . Jensen demolished the conservatories in each of the West Park System parks in favor of one grand conservatory at Garfield Park . At the entrance to the garden , the area closest to the busy roadway intersection , Jensen placed a monumental garden shelter , known as Flower Hall , and a formal reflecting pool . The designer of the structure is unknown , however , it was possibly Jensen himself , or his friend , prairie school architect Hugh Garden . East of the building , the garden becomes more naturalistic . Jensen included perennial beds , a lily pool , and unique prairie style benches . In 1928 , the West Park Commission constructed a fieldhouse in Douglas Park . The structure was designed by architects Michaelsen and Rognstad , who were also responsible for other notable buildings including the Garfield Park Gold Dome Building , the Humboldt and unk Park unk , and the On Leong Merchants Association Building in Chinatown . In 1934 , Douglas Park became part of the Chicago Park District , when the city 's 22 independent park commissions merged into a single citywide agency . Today The park has served as a central location for recreation since it was first built . It currently houses a miniature golf course , five playgrounds , an outdoor swimming pool , soccer fields , basketball courts , and an oval running track . The park also retains its original lagoon , a wide variety of trees and the original Jenney designed stone bridge . The greenhouse that attracted visitors from throughout the city was torn down in 1905 . The statue of Czech patriot , Karel Havlek unk , by Joseph unk was moved to Solidarity Drive on today 's Museum Campus in the vicinity of the Adler Planetarium in 1981 . Chicago 's 2016 Olympic bid included plans to host the Olympic cycling competitions in this park , including a velodrome and a BMX course . Beginning in 2015 , the park is the new home of the Riot Fest .
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2,206 | The Yugoslav submarine Hrabri was the first of the Hrabri class diesel electric submarines built by the Vickers Armstrong Naval Yard on the River Tyne in the United Kingdom , for the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( later Yugoslavia ) . Launched in 1927 , her design was based on that of the British L class submarine of World War I , and she was built using parts originally assembled for a submarine of that class which was never completed . She was armed with six bow mounted 533 mm ( 21 in ) torpedo tubes , two 102 mm ( 4 in ) guns and one machine gun , and could dive to 60 metres ( 200 ft ) . Prior to World War II she participated in several cruises to Mediterranean ports . During the German led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941 , she was captured by Italian forces . She was given the number N3 but was not commissioned and was scrapped later in 1941 due to her poor condition . Description and construction Yugoslav naval policy in the interwar period lacked direction until the mid 1920s , although it was generally accepted that the Adriatic coastline was effectively a sea frontier that the naval arm was responsible for securing with the limited resources made available to it . In 1926 , a modest ten year construction program was initiated to build up a force of submarines , coastal torpedo boats , torpedo bombers and conventional bomber aircraft to perform this role . The Hrabri class submarines were one of the first new acquisitions aimed at developing a naval force capable of meeting this challenge . Hrabri ( Brave ) was built for the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( later Yugoslavia ) by the Vickers Armstrong Naval Yard on the River Tyne in the United Kingdom . Her design was based on that of the British L class submarine of World War I , and she was built using parts originally assembled for HMS L 67 , which was never completed . Along with her sister submarine unk , she had an overall length of 72 . 05 metres ( 236 ft 5 in ) , a beam of 7 . 32 m ( 24 ft 0 in ) , and a surfaced draught of 3 . 96 m ( 13 ft 0 in ) . Her surfaced displacement was 975 long tons ( 991 t ) or 1 , 164 long tons ( 1 , 183 t ) submerged , and her crew consisted of 45 officers and enlisted men . She had an operational depth of 60 m ( 200 ft ) . The Hrabri class had two shafts driven by two diesel engines ( when surfaced ) or two electric motors ( when submerged ) . The diesel engines were rated at 2 , 400 bhp ( 1 , 800 kW ) and the electric motors at 1 , 600 shp ( 1 , 200 kW ) , and they were designed to reach a top speed of 15 . 7 knots ( 29 . 1 km h 18 . 1 mph ) under diesel power while surfaced , and 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) on their electric motors when submerged . They were armed with six bow mounted 533 mm ( 21 in ) torpedo tubes , and carried twelve torpedoes . They were also equipped with two 102 mm ( 4 in ) deck guns ( one forward and one aft of the conning tower ) , and one machine gun . Their radius of action was 3 , 800 nautical miles ( 7 , 000 km 4 , 400 mi ) at 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . Service career Hrabri was launched in 1927 as the first submarine of the navy of the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes , which later became the Royal Yugoslav Navy . Along with Neboja , she left the Tyne in late January 1928 . In company with the Yugoslav submarine tender Hvar , the two submarines arrived in the Bay of Kotor on the southern Adriatic coast on 8 April 1928 . In May and June 1929 , Hrabri , Neboja , Hvar and six torpedo boats accompanied the light cruiser Dalmacija on a cruise to Malta , the Greek island of Corfu in the Ionian Sea , and Bizerte in the French protectorate of Tunisia . According to the British naval attach , the ships and crews made a very good impression while visiting Malta . In June and July 1930 , Hrabri , Neboja and the fleet auxiliary Sitnica again cruised the Mediterranean , visiting Alexandria and Beirut . In 1932 , the British naval attach reported that Yugoslav ships engaged in few exercises or manoeuvres due to reduced budgets . In 1934 , Hrabri visited Valletta in Malta and the Kelibia Roads off the coast of Tunisia , and in August 1935 , Hrabri again visited Malta , this time in company with the more modern French designed submarine Osvetnik . In August and September 1937 , Hrabri , along with the other French made submarine Smeli and the depot ship Zmaj , visited Greece , including the port of Piraeus , and the islands of Crete and Corfu . When the German led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941 , she was located in the Bay of Kotor along with the three other submarines of the flotilla . On 10 April , Hrabri and Osvetnik received orders for an operation against the Italian enclave of Zara on the Dalmatian coastline , but the mission did not proceed . She was later captured by the Italian XVII Corps at the Bay of Kotor . She was given the number N3 but was not commissioned and was scrapped later that year due to her poor condition . Books Periodicals Websites
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2,207 | Jade Etherington ( born 9 March 1991 ) is a British former alpine skier who , with her sighted guide Caroline Powell , won silver in the women 's downhill skiing , combined and slalom , and bronze medals in the Super G at the 2014 Winter Paralympic Games in Sochi . Their three silvers and a bronze at the Winter Paralympics made them the most successful female British Winter Paralympians of all time , and the first Britons to win four medals at one Paralympics . Because of her success at the 2014 Paralympics , Etherington was the British flagbearer at the 2014 Winter Paralympics closing ceremony . Etherington has only five percent vision in both eyes , thus competes in the visually impaired category , thus needs a sighted guide , Caroline Powell . The pair have competed together since August 2013 . After asking for a new guide through Facebook and after two other applicants pulled out , Etherington and Powell combined in April 2013 . Personal history Etherington was born in Chelmsford on 9 March 1991 , to Amber , a Braintree District Council employee , and Andrew , a stockbroker . They lived in The Causeway , Maldon , but when Jade was seven they moved to Lincolnshire . She was born with glaucoma and unk syndrome , a visual impairment which can lead to blindness . She inherited it from her mother , Amber , who lost her sight at 14 . Her three younger sisters also have the condition . Despite undergoing multiple surgeries as a child , by the age of 17 she began to lose her sight . She describes her vision as very blurry with little focus , and she has a recorded five percent vision in both eyes , which puts her in the B2 classification . Etherington was educated at The Deepings School in Lincolnshire before matriculating to Bishop Grosseteste University where she was awarded a degree in education and geography . Etherington studied to become a geography teacher with The Open University , undertaking a unk , but placed her career on hold to concentrate on the 2014 Winter Paralympic Games . In 2014 she was awarded doctorate of science honoris causa by Anglia Ruskin University . Skiing career Etherington began skiing while still sighted at the age of eight , being taught by her father Andrew and her sisters . She continued skiing recreationally for the next ten years . In 2009 she joined the British Disabled Ski Team ( unk ) at development level , and began racing internationally in 2011 . The following year she carried the Olympic torch through Lincoln , and was inspired to compete at a higher level after watching the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics in London . Etherington 's at Europa cup and International Paralympic Committee ( IPC ) alpine skiing events was achieved with her sighted guide Fiona Gingell , but Etherington was forced to appeal for a new guide on her Facebook page after Gingell married and moved to America . After two applicants pulled out , she was left without a guide at the beginning of 2013 , but Heather Mills , who had not qualified for the World Championships , offered her coach , John Clark . The pair qualified for the 2013 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships in La Molina , representing Great Britain . At La Molina , Etherington came fourth in the women 's slalom and came third in the women 's super G , taking bronze . The runs ensured her place at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi . Etherington teamed up with Caroline Powell in April , allowing her to compete that season . Etherington and Powell began skiing together in August 2013 . Paralympics The 2014 Winter Paralympics was Etherington 's debut Paralympics , competing for ParalympicsGB . She competed in the downhill , winning a silver medal with Powell on 8 March 2014 . Slovakian unk unk came 2 . 73 seconds ahead . This was the first time a British woman had won a Winter Paralympic medal on snow , and ParalympicsGB 's first medal of the 2014 Paralympics . Etherington then won a bronze medal in the women 's downhill skiing , and silver in the slalom and the super combined . After winning a silver medal in the super G visually impaired event on 14 March 2014 , she and Powell became Great Britain 's most successful female Winter Paralympians , and the first Britons to win four medals at one Paralympics . However , they pulled out of the giant slalom , which was on the day of the Sochi 2014 Closing Ceremony . The four medals she won at the 2014 Winter Paralympics were part of a total of six for ParalympicsGB , 66 of the total British medals at the games . Etherington was the flag bearer for Great Britain at the closing ceremony , despite rupturing an ovarian cyst , which left her in a wheelchair for much of the day of the ceremony she was able to walk and carry the flag having taken painkillers . After the end of the 2014 Winter Paralympics , she was unsure if she would continue competing at international level , saying I don 't really know what I want right now . In November 2014 , Etherington announced her retirement from the Paralympic Alpine Skiing programme , aged 23 .
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2,208 | State Route 195 ( SR 195 ) was a state highway in the U.S. state of California , branching westward from SR 111 to SR 86 near the town of Mecca and the Salton Sea . The route formerly extended east to Interstate 10 ( I 10 ) near Joshua Tree National Park as a longer route extending to Blythe and points further east . After the main route was shifted north , the older route remained as an alternate known as Box Canyon Road . The route was designated in the 1964 state highway renumbering , although the Box Canyon Road portion was removed as a state highway in 1972 . Following the construction of the SR 86 expressway , SR 195 was curtailed in 2009 , and removed entirely in 2014 . Route description Before the route was mostly removed in 2009 , it began at Harrison Street , the old routing of SR 86 , in Riverside County . It then headed north as Pierce Street until intersecting 66th Street , where SR 195 turned east . The highway intersected SR 86 and continued to the town of Mecca , where it met its north end at SR 111 . The route loosely paralleled the northern end of the Salton Sea , passing through farmland for its entire length . In 2013 , SR 195 had an annual average daily traffic ( AADT ) of 4500 at Buchanan Street , and 6 , 000 at the eastern terminus with SR 111 , the latter of which was the highest AADT for the highway . History Route 64 , a highway from Mecca to Blythe , was added to the state highway system in 1919 . In 1935 , Pierce Street from Route 26 near Oasis to Avenue 66 , and Avenue 66 from Route 26 to Mecca were added to the state highway system . Two years later , Pierce Street was designated as Route 203 , and Avenue 66 was designated as Route 204 . By 1926 , the road existed east of Mecca to Blythe , but was unpaved by 1930 , the road connected from Mecca to the road along the western side of the Salton Sea to Indio and points further west . Between 1932 and 1934 , the road east of Mecca had been paved . The western part of the road , known as the Box Canyon road , from Mecca to Blythe served as part of US 60 and US 70 until it was eventually bypassed in favor of a more direct route to Indio , diverging at Shavers ' Summit . Between 1934 and 1936 , US 60 and US 70 had made the shift north towards Indio , and the portion between US 99 and Mecca was paved . Initial opposition was later overcome after the road was washed out during a storm and forced motorists to take refuge in the nearby foothills . By 1940 , the SR 195 designation was signed . In the 1940s , the highway continued due west of Mecca to end at an intersection with US 99 , rather than turning south . In 1953 , efforts to remove the road from Mecca to the highway from Blythe to Indio , from the state highway system were met with community opposition , since it served as an alternate route for the other highway . State Senator Nelson Dilworth proposed legislation to require the road from Banning through Idyllwild to Mountain Center to be added to the state highway system if SR 195 was removed , as the two were of roughly the same length , but the latter remained in the system . SR 195 was officially designated in the 1964 state highway renumbering . The original alignment continued past SR 111 and the Salton Sea before ending at US 60 , which later became I 10 , at the southern end of Joshua Tree National Park . The Division of Highways proposed deleting this part of the state highway in 1971 , though similar plans had been revived in 1969 . This portion was removed in 1972 . In 1988 , the California Transportation Commission ( CTC ) approved shifting SR 111 onto the new SR 86 expressway after it was completed , using SR 195 to make the connection . When the SR 86 expressway was fully constructed , SR 195 was to be removed from the state highway system according to state law that expressway was finished in 2001 . However , this removed the connection from the highway portion of SR 111 to the new expressway carrying both SR 111 and SR 86 north from the state highway system . Caltrans officially deleted most of SR 195 in 2009 , leaving a gap in SR 111 following deletions of the old routing that was now bypassed by the expressway . In December 2014 , with Riverside County and Caltrans both supporting , the CTC transferred the remaining portion of SR 195 , from the new SR 86 expressway to SR 111 , to become part of SR 111 . SR 195 still appears in Caltrans documents dated from 2014 . Major intersections Except where prefixed with a letter , postmiles were measured on the road as it was when the route was established , based on the 1972 routing , and do not necessarily reflect current mileage . R reflects a realignment in the route since then , M indicates a second realignment , L refers an overlap due to a correction or change , and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary ( for a full list of prefixes , see the list of postmile definitions ) . Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted . The entire route was in Riverside County .
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2,209 | The Medico of Painted Springs ( also known as Doctor 's Alibi ) is a 1941 American western film produced by Columbia Pictures . Based on the novel of the same name by James Lyon Rubel , the film stars Charles Starrett , Terry Walker , Ben Taggart , Wheeler Oakman , and the Simp Phonies in a cameo appearance . It was directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by Wyndham Gittens and Winston Miller . In the film , Starrett 's character , Dr. Steven Monroe , travels to a tumultuous Painted Springs and attempts to resolve a raging conflict between two camps the cattlemen and the sheep ranchers . The film received mixed reviews from contemporary film critics . After the release of the film in June 1941 , Columbia allowed the release of two more Medico films , Thunder Over the Prairie ( July 1941 ) and Prairie Stranger ( September 1941 ) . Starrett , who went on to star in around sixty other western flicks , found The Medico of Painted Springs to be his favorite film . The film has many noticeable differences from Rubel 's original work . Plot Upon arriving at Painted Springs , Dr. Steven Monroe witnesses a clash between sheep herders and cattle breeders . As Monroe starts to investigate the cause of the conflict , he finds out about Fred Burns ' diabolical scheme he intends to steal John Richards ' cattle and frame sheep rancher Ed Gordon for the deed . After a series of fights , during which Burns and his men kidnap Richards ' daughter Nancy , Monroe rescues Nancy and manages to get Burns to confess . With his evil intentions revealed , the two camps cease battling , and Monroe quietly leaves Painted Springs . Cast Production Charles Starrett , who had previously appeared in the 1940 western film The Durango Kid , was cast as Dr. Steven Monroe . Terry Walker was chosen to play Nancy Richards , and Ben Taggart portrayed John Richards . Ray Bennett was announced to play Ed Gordon . Wheeler Oakman was cast as Fred Burns . The Simp Phonies made a cameo appearance in the film . Then novice actor Lloyd Bridges , who joined Columbia Pictures in 1941 , also had a brief and uncredited role in the film . It marked one of the earliest films he made an appearance in . Lambert Hillyer directed the film . Winston Miller and Wyndham Gittens wrote the screenplay based on James Lyon Rubel 's 1934 novel The Medico of Painted Springs . Jack Fier was in charge of production for Columbia Pictures . Benjamin Kline served as cinematographer , while Mel Thorsen edited the film . Filming began on May 5 , 1941 , and ended on May 14 , 1941 . All of the songs in The Medico of Painted Springs were sung by the Simp Phonies . There were a total of four distinct songs in the film , namely Corny Troubles , We 'd Just as Soon Fiddle as Fight , Lonely Rangeland , and Rocking and Rolling in the Saddle . Release and reception The film premiered at the Lido Theater , a cinema in Newport Beach , California . It was released in the United States in June 1941 . Up till at least January 1942 , screenings of the film were still available at cinemas . It was re screened in September 1957 at the Apollo Theatre . It received mixed reviews from contemporary film critics . A reviewer for Variety wrote , unk with sophomoric episodes and dialog , The Medico of Painted Springs will find a groove for Saturday matinees , where the kids will stand for anything as long as it 's western . In an entry for the film in his book The Western Film Encyclopedia , Phil Hardy commented that t he picture 's main failing is Miller and Gittens ' dialogue which has Starrett oscillate between a brash cowboy and a wild mannered unk . Michael R. Pitts , in his book Western Movies , found the film to be a pretty good actioner in Charles Starrett 's Columbia series . Towards the end of his film career spanning sixty odd western flicks , Starrett commented that his best films were from the 1940s , and that his favorite one was The Medico of Painted Springs . Differences between the film and the novel The film has a handful of differences from Rubel 's original work . Many character names were changed for the film , including Cliff Monroe to Steven Monroe , Puff Gordon to Ed Gordon , and Nancy unk to Nancy Richards . Additionally , the majority of the characters in the film were nameless in the book . The ending was also tweaked . In the novel , Monroe professes his love for Nancy unk and they happily marry in Painted Springs . In the film , this does not happen , and Monroe just leaves the area . Sequels The film marked the first entry of the Medico film series by Columbia Pictures . The following two films in the series were Thunder Over the Prairie ( July 1941 ) and Prairie Stranger ( September 1941 ) . However , they were not based on Rubel 's works . More sequels to The Medico of Painted Springs were planned for production , but were never greenlit after the dismal box office performance of the two released sequels . All three films had Charles Starrett playing the role of Dr. Steven Monroe .
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2,210 | Million Dollar Challenge ( also referred to as the PokerStars Million Dollar Challenge and unk Million Dollar Challenge ) is the most watched poker show in television history . It is sponsored by PokerStars . The show , which airs on the Fox Broadcasting Company , debuted on October 11 , 2009 . The show is hosted by Chris Rose and features Daniel Negreanu . The first season included five episodes following the FOX network Sunday National Football League coverage . The finale aired on December 27 , 2009 . The eight episode season 2 premiered on September 19 , 2010 and is scheduled to conclude on December 12 . Show description Million Dollar Challenge is a poker game show where amateur poker players attempt to defeat celebrities , professional poker players and , eventually , Daniel Negreanu in order to win the show 's grand prize , 1 million . In the first round , the amateur ( with Negreanu at their side , acting as their coach and lending advice ) must defeat a celebrity such as Jayde Nicole , Jerome Bettis , Joanna Krupa , John Salley or Tito Ortiz . If the contestant is able to defeat the celebrity the contestant wins a trip to the Bahamas and advances to the second round . In the second round , the amateur ( with Negreanu now helping them from a sound proof booth , giving them advice through a listening device in the amateur 's ear ) must defeat a professional poker player such as Vanessa Rousso , Barry Greenstein , Joe Cada or Chris Moneymaker . If the contestant is able to defeat the professional the contestant wins 25 , 000 in addition to the trip to the Bahamas . At this point , the amateur has a decision to make . Keep the money and walk away 25 , 000 richer , or risk the money ( the trip is still theirs to keep ) and play Daniel Negreanu heads up for 100 , 000 , knowing that if they lose they walk away with nothing but the trip to the Bahamas . In the season finale , the champions from each episode compete against each other in a sit n go tournament , the winner of which plays Negreanu for 1 million . Season 1 The first three episodes of the season were the three most watched Poker television shows in U.S. history . The show aired on Sundays after the FOX National Football League coverage . In the first episode that aired on October 11 , contestant Father Andrew Trapp defeated John Salley , Rousso and Negreanu , winning 100 , 000 and a trip to the Bahamas in the process , all of which he promised to donate to his church in Garden City , South Carolina . Trapp also won the chance to play in a mini tournament ( Episode 5 ) , the winner of which would play Negreanu for 1 , 000 , 000 . On October 18 , after contestant Tracy Nguyen defeated Bettis and won a trip to the Bahamas , but lost to Barry Greenstein , the next contestant Sergeant Denny Luna defeated Nicole , Moneymaker to win 25 , 000 and a trip to the Bahamas . Luna then chose to walk away ( and not risk the 25 , 000 he had already won ) rather than face Negreanu in the 100 , 000 match . On the November 22 episode after contestant unk unk lost to Bettis , Brian Barboza defeated Nicole , Rousso and Negreanu , winning 100 , 000 and a trip to the Bahamas . Barboza also won the chance to play in a mini tournament , the winner of which would play Negreanu for 1 , 000 , 000 . In December Joanna Krupa and Joe Cada were announced as newly added as celebrity and professional opponents . Ortiz and Krupa appeared on the fourth episode , which aired on December 13 . Cada appeared , but he did not play a hand . Dwayne Buth , playing on behalf of the Cal State Fullerton wrestling team , lost to Ortiz . Mike unk , a first responder during the September 11 attacks lost to Krupa . The final airing of the competition among the previous winners was expected on December 27 . However , when the contestants on the fourth episode all lost , a single table tournament was held to determine the fourth contestant . unk won and then bested Luna , Barboza and Trapp , in that order , in the Challenge of Champions for a 100 , 000 prize and a chance to play Negreanu for 1million . In three hands of heads up play , he bested Negreanu . Season 2 Season two premiered on September 19 during the second weekend of the 2010 NFL season . The program will continue to air on the FOX network as a companion to the NFL programming on the seven weekends that FOX does not have doubleheaders ( September 19 and 26 , October 10 and 24 , November 7 and 21 and December 12 ) . The show will air before or after the football game depending upon the region of the country . Critical review Professional poker player Doyle Brunson has been critical of both Million Dollar Challenge and its contemporary rival Face the Ace as terrible shows unlikely to draw viewers . Negreanu responded , via blog , to this type of criticism that the show is not intended for the serious poker player , but rather is aimed at more casual audience . There was some controversy about a poker playing priest on national television that sparked theological debate .
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2,211 | German submarine U 39 was a Type IXA U boat of the Kriegsmarine that operated from 1938 to the first few days of World War II . She was ordered by the Kriegsmarine on 29 July 1936 as part of the re armament program ( unk ) in Germany , which was illegal under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles . The keel for U 39 was laid down on 2 June 1937 , by DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen . She was commissioned on 10 December 1938 with Kapitnleutnant Gerhard unk in command . On 14 September 1939 , just 27 days after she began her first patrol , U 39 attempted to sink the British aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal by firing two torpedoes at her . The U 39 was immediately hunted down by three British destroyers , disabled with depth charges , and subsequently sunk . All of the crew members survived and were captured . U 39 was the first German U boat to be sunk in World War II . Design As one of the eight original German Type IX submarines , later designated IXA , U 39 had a displacement of 1 , 032 tonnes ( 1 , 016 long tons ) when at the surface and 1 , 153 tonnes ( 1 , 135 long tons ) while submerged . The U boat had a total length of 76 . 50 m ( 251 ft ) , a pressure hull length of 58 . 75 m ( 192 ft 9 in ) , a beam of 6 . 51 m ( 21 ft 4 in ) , a height of 9 . 40 m ( 30 ft 10 in ) , and a draught of 4 . 70 m ( 15 ft 5 in ) . The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40 46 supercharged four stroke , nine cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4 , 400 metric horsepower ( 3 , 240 kW 4 , 340 shp ) for use while surfaced , two Siemens Schuckert 2 GU 345 34 double acting electric motors producing a total of 1 , 000 metric horsepower ( 740 kW 990 shp ) for use while submerged . She had two shafts and two 1 . 92 m ( 6 ft ) propellers . The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres ( 750 ft ) . The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18 . 2 knots ( 33 . 7 km h 20 . 9 mph ) and a maximum submerged speed of 7 . 7 knots ( 14 . 3 km h 8 . 9 mph ) . When submerged , the boat could operate for 65 78 nautical miles ( 120 144 km 75 90 mi ) at 4 knots ( 7 . 4 km h 4 . 6 mph ) when surfaced , she could travel 10 , 500 nautical miles ( 19 , 400 km 12 , 100 mi ) at 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . U 39 was fitted with six 53 . 3 cm ( 21 in ) torpedo tubes ( four fitted at the bow and two at the stern ) , 22 torpedoes , one 10 . 5 cm ( 4 . 13 in ) SK C 32 naval gun , 180 rounds , and a 3 . 7 cm ( 1 . 5 in ) as well as a 2 cm ( 0 . 79 in ) anti aircraft gun . The boat had a complement of forty eight . Service history Patrol and Sinking U 39 conducted only one war patrol during her entire career , as part of the 6th U boat Flotilla . She left Wilhelmshaven with U 31 , U 32 , U 35 and U 53 all of which were also a part of the 6th Flotilla , on 19 August 1939 , in preparation for the beginning of World War II . She headed into the North Sea and eventually circumnavigated the British Isles . Prior to her sinking , U 39 was attacked in the North Sea on 10 September while en route to the British Isles . She was depth charged by an unidentified British vessel and was forced to dive to 100 meters ( 328 feet ) to escape the attack . On 14 September 1939 , after only 27 days at sea , U 39 fired two torpedoes at the British aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal off Rockall Bank north west of Scotland . Lookouts spotted the torpedo tracks and Ark Royal turned towards the attack , reducing her cross section and causing both torpedoes to miss and exploded short of their target . Following the failed attack , three British destroyers in the vicinity of the Ark Royal , HMS Faulknor , Firedrake , and Foxhound detected U 39 . All three destroyers depth charged the U boat and seconds after Firedrake released her depth charges , U 39 surfaced . Foxhound , which was the closest to the U boat , picked up 25 crew members while Faulknor rescued 11 and Firedrake saved the remaining eight . The crewmen were then taken ashore in Scotland and spent the rest of the war in various prisoner of war camps , including the Tower of London , before being shipped to Canada . U 39 was the first of many U boats to be sunk in World War II at 58 32 N 11 49 W. Aftermath Four other U boats joined U 39 on her ill fated patrol , U 31 , U 32 , U 53 and U 55 . According to a report by the unk ( German Supreme Naval Command ) on 22 September 1939 , U 32 and U 53 were heading back to their home port of Kiel while only U 31 and U 35 remained in the operational area north of the British Isles . According to plan , U 39 should also have made for Kiel . However , there had been no contact with the U boat for several days . A lack of response from U 39 , despite several requests to give her current location , began to fuel rumours that she was sunk . This belief was later confirmed by a British radio transmission detailing the arrival of the first German prisoners of war who were members of the Kriegsmarine , at a London railway station a few days later .
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2,212 | Brachytarsomys mahajambaensis is an extinct rodent from northwestern Madagascar . It is known from nine isolated molars found in several sites during field work that started in 2001 . First described in 2010 , it is placed in the genus Brachytarsomys together with two larger living species , which may differ in some details of molar morphology . The presence of B. mahajambaensis , a rare element in the local rodent fauna , suggests that the region was previously more humid . Taxonomy Remains of Brachytarsomys mahajambaensis were found during fieldwork in northwestern Madagascar that started in 2001 . The species was described in a 2010 paper by Pierre Mein and colleagues , together with another extinct rodent , Nesomys narindaensis . The specific name , mahajambaensis , refers to unk Bay , which is close to the places where the species has been found . It is placed in the genus Brachytarsomys , together with two larger living species , B. albicauda and B. villosa . Brachytarsomys is classified in the exclusively Madagascan subfamily Nesomyinae of the family Nesomyidae , which includes various African rodents . Description Brachytarsomys mahajambaensis is known from nine isolated molars , including two first upper molars ( M1 ) , one of which is broken , two second upper molars ( M2 ) , one M3 , two second lower molars ( m2 ) , and two m3 . It is generally similar to the other two species , but smaller . There are a few differences in molar structure , which may not hold in larger samples . Both the M1 and M2 have flat crowns . The M1 is convex on the lingual ( inner ) side and concave on the outer side , rendering it kidney shaped . The anterocone , the cusp at the front of the tooth , appears not to be divided in two , as it is in living Brachytarsomys . It is narrowly connected to the protocone , another cusp behind it on the labial side , which is connected in the same way to the paracone . This lingually located cusp displays a broader connection to the hypocone on the labial side , which is isolated from the metacone lingually behind it . The metacone is broadly connected to another labial cusp behind it , referred to as the post hypocone , which it is expected to fuse to with increasing wear . Behind this pair of cusps , a small posteroloph ( a crest at the back of the tooth ) is present . In general , the back part of the tooth is more highly developed than in B. albicauda . The unk cingulum on the M2 , a crest on the front lingual corner , is absent or very small it is well developed in B. albicauda . The cusps form three transverse crests , with the labial cusp behind the lingual one . In one specimen , the second and third lophs are weakly connected . The posteroloph is more highly developed than on the M1 . The M3 also has three such crests , which display narrow connections along the length of the tooth . In the first crest , the two cusps are about next to each other , but in the second one , the hypocone ( on the labial side ) is a bit behind the paracone . The post hypocone and the metacone , in the third crest , are joined at the back . There are three roots , two at the front and one at the back , on the M1 and M2 the roots are missing from the only known M3 . The m1 is unknown . In m2 , there are two well developed transverse crests and one smaller one behind them . The first one consists of two cusps , the anteroconid ( labial ) and the metaconid ( lingual ) and the second one joins the protoconid at the labial side with the entoconid at the lingual side . The second crest is weakly joined to the third one , which joins the hypoconid at the labial side to the posteroconid at the back . In one specimen , a cingulum ( ridge ) is present at the back of the tooth and a small cusp , the ectostylid , is also present . The m3 becomes narrower towards the back , rendering its form triangular , and contains three crests . The first one again consists of the anteroconid and the metaconid and the second of the protoconid and the entoconid . The third is smaller and consists of the hypoconid with the posteroconid in one specimen , but in the other the posteroconid is reduced to a narrow crest , the posterolophid . Unlike in B. albicauda , the hypoconid remains separate from the posterolophid and is not fused to it . Both m2 and m3 have two roots . Distribution and ecology Teeth of Brachytarsomys mahajambaensis have been found at the sites of unk , unk , and unk in northwestern Madagascar , which are late Pleistocene ( 126 , 000 to 10 , 000 years ago ) and Holocene ( less than 10 , 000 years ago ) in age . Brachytarsomys is a rare element of the rodent fauna , which is dominated by multiple species of Eliurus and Macrotarsomys . Modern Brachytarsomys are large rats that live in trees and eat fruits at middle to high altitudes . The modern , dry environment in northwestern Madagascar is decidedly inhospitable to these animals , and they no longer occur there the former presence of B. mahajambaensis could indicate that the region was more humid in the past .
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2,213 | Show Your Hand is a song by Welsh rock band Super Furry Animals and was the first single from their 2007 album , Hey Venus . The single was made available for download on 16 July 2007 as an iTunes exclusive and was later released in physical formats on 13 August in the UK . The track failed to penetrate the UK singles chart 's Top 40 , peaking at 46 . According to lead singer Gruff Rhys the track is a song about gambling and was originally going to be left off Hey Venus for being too generic before Rough Trade boss Geoff Travis persuaded the band to reconsider their decision . Critical reaction to the track was mixed with some reviewers claiming Show Your Hand was ponderously mature and more like the generic pop songs one would find on the radio while others hailed the track as classic Furries . Unlike the two other singles taken from Hey Venus , Run Away and The Gift That Keeps Giving , no music video was produced for Show Your Hand . Origins and recording In an interview with Pitchfork Media given before the release of Hey Venus , singer Gruff Rhys claimed Show Your Hand was a song about gambling . There 's lots of card playing going on in the Super Furry Animals tour bus , which may have had a slight influence on the subject matter . Rhys went on to state that the song was initially left off Hey Venus for being too generic A combination of pressure from Rough Trade 's Geoff Travis and Jeannette Lee ( Where 's that song gone That 's our favorite song ) and the addition of a French horn part , written by Cian Ciaran , resulted in the song finally taking its place on the record . Although the majority of the track was recorded at Miraval Studios , France along with the rest of Hey Venus , additional recording also took place with Chris Shaw who mixed the album . According to Cian Ciaran both b sides to Show Your Hand , namely Aluminium Illuminati and Never More , were originally recorded during sessions for 2003 's Phantom Power although Aluminium Illuminati was mentioned as a working title as early as May 2000 in connection with 2001 's Rings Around the World album . Musical structure Show Your Hand is 2 minutes 51 seconds long and is in the key of E minor . The song begins with a Kevin Ayers style psych pop intro a Beatlesque harpsichord line accompanied by intermittent bass and occasional strummed guitar chords with Rhys singing the lines You 're perched so neatly on the fence , you 're keeping your cards all to yourself ... as the songs builds to its first chorus on 30 seconds . unk power chords takes the song into the rarefied soft rock territory of the chorus with Rhys singing the title phrase four times before being joined by sugar sweet harmonies from the Brian Wilson School of Spine Tingling Pop on the last lines I 'm jumping off the fence , into your corner . Another verse and chorus follow before the song 's middle 8 at 1 minute 31 seconds , a multi layered vocal take on a regular verse featuring just ' bah , bah , unk ' in place of lyrics . The song ends with a triple chorus ( the third of which features a key change to A major ) as French horn counterpoints usher the song towards its climax , the line jumping off the fence repeating three times before a staccato finish with Rhys singing into your corner , drawing out the last word . Critical response Although some critics hailed the track as a ' return to form ' for the band , with the Manchester Evening News describing the song as a the best that the Furries have sounded in ages ... a return to the mellow but bouncy pop fare of their early albums Fuzzy Logic and Guerilla , others pointed out that Show Your Hand is ponderously mature , rather straightforward and more like the generic pop songs one would find on the radio than that of a historically experimental band . However , The Guardian stated that Show Your Hand is the sort of music the Super Furry Animals do best hazy , lazy sunshine pop . And while Cokemachineglow believed the track may not have the staying power or the immediate pull of the Super Furry Animals ' best singles their reviewer conceded that it 's not too far behind . The ' retro ' nature of the track was commented on by several critics with The Independent describing the track as being performed in a sophisticated soft rock style which recalls the arrangements of The Association and Surf 's Up era Beach Boys , Pitchfork Media calling the song Zombies esque orchestral pop , and Drowned in Sound describing Show Your Hand as an almost unk gem BBC Wales described Show Your Hand as classic Furries in a favourable review on their website to coincide with the release of the track as a single going on to state that it is Track listing All songs by Super Furry Animals . CD ( unk ) Show Your Hand 2 51 Aluminium Illuminati 2 37 Never More 2 25 7 ( unk ) Show Your Hand 2 51 Never More 2 25 Personnel Singles chart positions
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2,214 | M 38 is an east west state trunkline highway in the Upper Peninsula ( UP ) of the U.S. state of Michigan . Its west end starts in Ontonagon and runs east to Baraga , some 42 . 225 miles ( 67 . 955 km ) apart . The highway crosses streams and rivers in forest lands and provides access to a casino . The east end is located by the Keweenaw Bay of Lake Superior in the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community . There have been two highways in the state to carry the designation . The first was located in the southeastern Lower Peninsula . The current version of M 38 was created from a section of M 35 in the 1960s . This section was orphaned from the rest of M 35 when the highway was cancelled through the Huron Mountains . Route description M 38 begins at a four way intersection in Ontonagon . US Highway 45 ( US 45 ) runs north south through this intersection while M 64 runs west and M 38 runs east on Steel Street . This intersection is both the eastern terminus of M 64 and the western terminus of M 38 . From here , M 38 forms a segment of the Lake Superior Circle Tour along Ontonagon Greenland Road to a junction with M 26 near Greenland . The roadway runs through forest land and crosses several small streams while traveling southeasterly . Outside of Greenland , M 38 curves to the north around town after intersecting Plank Road . On the east side of town , M 26 and M 38 meet and join in a concurrency after Ontonagon Greenland Road meets Plank Road a second time . The two highways run together for just over a mile to the unincorporated community of Lake Mine . There , M 38 turns south through the community while M 26 turns off to the northeast . The highway crosses a set of railroad tracks before turning east . At Post Office Road , M 38 meets a road named Old M 35 Road , a vestige of a highway straightening project during the time the highway was M 35 . M 38 crosses the West Branch of the unk River in hilly terrain through this area . The highway continues east and provides access to the Courtney Lake National Forest Campground west of the Houghton County line . East of Federal Forest Highway 16 ( FFH 16 ) near Nisula , M 38 crosses the West Branch of the Otter River . It is along this section of roadway in Houghton County that the lowest annual average daily traffic ( AADT ) counts were measured by the Michigan Department of Transportation ( MDOT ) in 2007 . An average of 680 vehicles traveled on the roadway , according to MDOT surveys . Of those vehicles , only 40 trucks on average were included in the traffic counts . East of Nisula , the roadway runs parallel to Mill Creek . Mill Creek flows into the West Branch of the Sturgeon River near the Baraga County line . East of the county line is the crossing over the Sturgeon River south of unk , home of the Baraga County Fairgrounds . The trunkline crosses more hilly terrain while veering to the northeast . Continuing to the east , M 38 had its highest traffic usage in 2007 . The AADT for the Baraga County segment of the highway was measured at 3 , 000 vehicles a day . The roadway continues east through Baraga County and runs downhill approaching Baraga and the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community , home of the first Native American casino in the United States . After passing through downtown Baraga on Michigan Avenue , M 38 ends at an intersection with US 41 on the western shore of Keweenaw Bay . History Previous designation The first version of M 38 was designated in 1919 in the Lower Peninsula . It was located on Junction Road from M 10 ( later US 10 US 23 ) southeast of Bridgeport to Frankenmuth , and then ran east to M 19 in the Peck area in 1919 . The highway was transferred to county jurisdiction in late 1961 when the I 75 US 10 US 23 freeway was completed in the area . Current designation In 1968 , the Michigan Department of Transportation redesignated the western section of M 35 as M 38 . M 35 was originally planned to start in Menominee and run north to Big Bay , turn west through the Huron Mountains in northern Marquette County and run west from Baraga to Ontonagon . The Huron Mountains portion of M 35 was never built due to opposition from Henry Ford and the Huron Mountain Club . This left M 35 discontinuous . It was later routed along US 41 from Negaunee to Baraga , connecting the two sections until the western section was given the M 38 designation . The original routing of M 38 in the Upper Peninsula ran from M 26 at Greenland to Baraga . US 45 was rerouted in 1971 along M 26 from Rockland to Greenland and Ontonagon Greenland Road between those two towns . M 26 was shortened to end at the new US 45 in Greenland . This change to US 45 was reversed in 1973 . M 26 was reextended to Rockland , and M 38 was extended along M 26 to Ontonagon Greenland Road to meet US 45 in Ontonagon . On October 11 , 2006 , the western terminus of M 38 was relocated about .25 miles ( 0 . 40 km ) south to end at a junction with US 45 and the newly realigned M 64 . Major intersections
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2,215 | The Hudson County Courthouse or Justice William J. Brennan Jr . Courthouse is located in Jersey City , Hudson County , New Jersey , United States . The six story structure was originally built between 1906 and 1910 at a cost of 3 , 328 , 016 . 56 . It is considered to be an outstanding example of the Beaux Arts architectural style in the United States . The courthouse was used as the primary seat of government for Hudson County from its opening on September 20 , 1910 until the construction of the Hudson County Administration Building in 1966 . The courthouse was vacant for many years and was scheduled for demolition . The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 25 , 1970 . Restoration began in the mid 1970s , and the building was reopened in 1985 . In 1984 , the Hudson County Board of Chosen Freeholders renamed the building in honor of Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan Jr . The restoration of the courthouse was acknowledged by a Victorian Society in America Preservation Award in 1988 . As of 2013 the courthouse has seven working courtrooms and also houses the offices of the County Executive , the Hudson County Surrogate and the Hudson County Bar Association in the past it has been used in a number of television programs and movies , including scenes in the television series Law Order , and for commercials . Construction The Courthouse was designed by Jersey City native Hugh Roberts , twice a president of the New Jersey Chapter of the American Institute of Architects . Roberts , brother in law of future United States Senator and New Jersey Governor Edward I. Edwards , received a direct appointment as architect . No competition or bidding for designs was held , causing controversy among local architects . The property on which the courthouse stands was obtained from fourteen separate property owners between 1905 and 1914 . The groundbreaking took place on March 21 , 1906 and the cornerstone was laid on December 12 , 1906 . Construction of the building was done by Wells Brothers of New York City and construction of the interiors and finishes were by John Gill Son of Cleveland , Ohio . The courthouse is constructed of granite quarried in Hallowell , Maine . The front of the building is visually dominated by four Corinthian columns and a frieze above the main entrance bearing the inscription Precedent Makes Law If You Stand Well , Stand Still . Interiors Roberts delegated the assignment of artwork to the muralist Francis David Millet , noted for his work as decorations director for the 1893 World 's Columbian Exposition in Chicago Millet assigned himself two lunettes on the third floor and a dozen small panels in the second floor corridors . Also on the third floor , Millet assigned two lunettes to Charles Yardley Turner , as well as eight more to Kenyon Cox . Cox also provided the groined ceilings . Edwin Blashfield painted the glass dome and the four pendentives between its supporting arches . The Tudor style legislative chamber of the Board of Freeholders on the second floor was adorned with murals by Howard Pyle depicting early life of the Dutch and English in New Jersey . This room has been called one of the handsomest legislative chambers in the United States . David G. Lowe , writing in American Heritage magazine , described the interior of the building The courthouse interior is a rush of color pearl gray and green veined marbles , golden light fixtures , yellow , green , and blue paint . Standing in the great central court , one looks up the three stories of the magnificent rotunda to a dome whose outer rim is painted with the signs of the zodiac and whose center is an eye of stained glass worthy of Tiffany . One feels as one does in the rotunda at the heart of the Capitol in Washington the dignity of government and the permanence of law . Restoration Plans for restoring the courthouse had been proposed even before it fell into disuse . In 1961 , the architectural unk Theodore Conrad proposed converting the building into a new city hall for Jersey City . The plan would have created a mall in front of the building and surrounded it with additional city buildings and a museum . Another proposal would house a branch of the New Jersey State Museum in the building . Conrad led a citizens group that lobbied for the preservation of the building , and got it listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The award winning restoration project resulted in the courthouse being reopened in 1985 for the use of the civil courts and other county offices . Renaming The Hudson County Board of Chosen Freeholders renamed the courthouse in 1984 in honor of Associate Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan , who had served in the building as Hudson County Assignment Judge from 1947 through 1951 . Following the 1989 Supreme Court decision in Texas v. Johnson , which Brennan authored , veterans groups petitioned unsuccessfully to have the name removed , but the Freeholders unanimously voted to retain the name .
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2,216 | Still Into You is a song by the American rock band Paramore . It was released on March 14 , 2013 , as the second single from their self titled fourth studio album , Paramore . Recorded in 2012 in Los Angeles , California , Still Into You is a departure from the sound of their previous single , Now , and incorporates a lighter pop rock sound , while being described as sweet and sugary . The song received acclaim from music critics , who have praised the song and Hayley Williams ' vocals as catchy and strong and effective , as well as deeming it as one of the songs of the summer of 2013 . It is among their most commercially successful singles in the United States , becoming a top ten hit on the Mainstream Top 40 , ranking at number eight on Billboard 's Hot Rock Songs , and receiving double platinum certification in the United States . Background Paramore first performed Still Into You in Austin , Texas , as part of the South by Southwest festival . The song was then released as a single on March 14 , 2013 , and was uploaded to Fueled by Ramen 's YouTube channel , through a lyric video . The lyrical content finds Williams singing about her relationship with Chad Gilbert of New Found Glory fame and how her feelings seemingly have stayed the same since their first meeting . In an interview with Spin , Williams stated ' Still Into You ' is definitely a love song . It 's definitely happy . But to me anyway and obviously I wrote it so maybe I 'm biased , but it 's not a sappy love song . ... We 've never done that before , and honestly I don 't have a whole lot of experience writing love songs , or anyways lyrics that are like this . Composition Still Into You has been described as a power pop , pop rock and new wave song with skeletal guitar lines similar to that of the artist Gotye , alternative dance glockenspiel and synths . It lacks a heavy guitar riff , which Paramore is typically known for , and is replaced by a back beat on the drums . James Montgomery at MTV compared the song to the new wave band The Cars , saying it could pass for one of their B sides . Critical reception Still Into You was acclaimed by music critics , who commended the song as fun and catchy , and praised Williams ' vocals . Marc Zanotti at Music Feeds called the song a poppy , upbeat , sugary sweet number . Scott Heisel of Alternative Press referred to it one of the best songs on Paramore , saying There 's no question that this is still Paramore , only it 's better . The chorus hook will stay in your brain for days at a time , ... and when you throw in the band 's newfound embracing of electronics , you find yourself with what will ideally be one of the biggest hits of 2013 . Maura Johnston from Popdust gave the song a 5 out of 5 , declaring If there s any justice in the world this ll be a song of the summer , or at least of the late spring . Joseph R. Atilano at unk noted that Still Into You is really directed to their youngest fans with its happy go lucky lyrics that are as cheerful as they can get and somewhat disarming in their simplicity , considering it better than the previous single Now . The song placed at number 95 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 100 Best Songs of 2013 list and number 19 on Billboard magazine 's 20 Best Songs of 2013 . Ed Masley at The Arizona Republic ranked it as the 10th best Paramore song , stating Still Into You is a retro tastic hook explosion that somehow peaked at No. 83 on Billboard 's Hot 100 . Music video The video was directed by Isaac unk . When shooting the music video , Jeremy Davis stated I 've realized you can 't really consider it making a music video unless you get hurt , because every video , we end up in pain ... It 's awesome to do our own stunts we might as well be Jackie Chan . Taylor York adds A lot of people would hear the song and assume it would be about the story of people still being in love , but what was so appealing about Isaac 's treatment is that he wanted to capture what love feels like ... He had so many ideas , and it definitely jumped out at us . The official music video for Still Into You premiered on April 8 , 2013 on Fueled by Ramen 's YouTube channel . The music video features Paramore in a boat within a room filled with a balloons Williams on a bed surrounded by birthday cakes the trio riding around on bicycles Williams dancing with ballerinas and then all of Paramore are outside playing with Roman candles and sparkles with a fireworks show going on in the background . Chart performance The song has sold over 1 , 000 , 000 copies in the US as of December 2013 . It became one of Paramore 's most commercially successful singles to date in the United States , where it reached number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100 , and became their first top ten hit on the Mainstream Top 40 charts . It was included in Billboard 's year end charts , at number 100 on the Hot 100 songs of the year . Charts Weekly charts Year end charts Certifications
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2,217 | Otra Nota ( English Another Note ) is the debut album by American singer Marc Anthony that was released on January 26 , 1993 , by RMM Records . Produced by Sergio George , it was the first album by Anthony to record in salsa after starting his career as a freestyle musician . Recording of the album began after Anthony asked RMM president Ralph Mercado to record Juan Gabriel 's Hasta Que Te Conoc in salsa after hearing it on the radio during a taxi ride . Recorded on a low budget , the album peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart and reached No. 30 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart . The album was well received by critics who complimented George 's production and Anthony 's youthful voice . Anthony received two awards for Best New Artists at the Billboard Latin Music Awards and the Lo Nuestro Awards . The album produced three singles Hasta Que Te Conoc , Palabras del Alma , and Si T No Te Fueras , all of which charted on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart . As of 2002 , Otra Nota has sold over 300 , 000 copies . Background Marc Anthony began his recording career in 1980s as a freestyle musician during which he was a backup vocalist for boy bands such as Menudo and the Latin Rascals . Anthony also wrote songs for his school friend Sa Fire , including Boy I 've Been Told which became a hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . Anthony got his start as a lead vocalist when he collaborated with Little Louie Vega on the album When the Night Is Over . The lead single Ride on the Rhythm became a number one hit on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart . RMM manager Ralph Mercado invited Anthony to record a salsa album , but Anthony declined the offer due to a lack of interest to record in Spanish . The following day , while in a taxi , Anthony was listening to Juan Gabriel 's song Hasta Que Te Conoc ( Until I Met You ) on the radio and was motivated to record in the song in salsa and told Mercado about his change of decision . Mercado introduced Anthony to Sergio George who would produce the album . According to George , the album was an total experiment , citing that it was on low budget , recorded with one musician at a time without a band , and the full production was done on computers while George handled the keyboards . Music and lyrics The album includes five compositions and three cover songs . The lead track Palabras del Alma ( Words from the Soul ) is a cover originally performed and written by Ilan Chester . Si T No Te Fueras ( If You Would Not Leave ) was composed by Nelson Frank and Jaime Gutierrez . Hasta Que Te Conoc was first performed and written by Juan Gabriel . El ltimo Beso was composed by Anthony 's father Felipe unk . Make It With You is a cover of American band Bread 's song . unk Amarte was written by Luis Castillo who composed songs for RMM recording artists including Jos Alberto and Tito Nieves . Sergio George co wrote unk O Amor ( Game or Love ) along with Adam Sez . The final track , Si He de Morir ( If I Were to Die ) was composed by Luis Daz . Commercial reception Otra Nota debuted and peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart during the week of April 17 , 1993 , behind Jerry Rivera 's unk Conmigo and remained at this position for eight weeks . During the week of June 11 , 1994 , the album debuted and peaked at No. 30 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums , where it spent nineteen weeks on the chart . Otra Nota has sold over 300 , 000 copies as of 2002 . Singles Hasta Que Te Conoc was the first single to be released from the album and peaked at No. 13 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart . The second single Palabras del Alma peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart . Si T No Te Fueras was the last single released from the album which peaked at No. 31 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart . Critical reception Evan Gutierrez of Allmusic gave the album 3 . 5 out of 5 stars and complemented Anthony 's voice as developed , unique , and individual and felt that Anthony 's debut brought quality and passion to his listeners from the beginning . Gutierrez also found the songs in salsa enjoyable while calling the ballads . Gutierrez praised Sergio George 's arrangements as outstanding though he felt the production was outdated in places . Enrique Lopetegui gave the album 3 out of 4 stars , noting that while Anthony was viewed with skepticism on the salsa market , he felt that Anthony may be the best of the many newborn unk . Lopetegui also praised Anthony 's vocals as excellent and described the overall album as noble effort though he criticized Anthony 's cover of Make It With You as unnecessary . In 1994 , Anthony received a Billboard Latin Music Award for Tropical Salsa New Artist of the Year and a Lo Nuestro award for Tropical New Artist of the Year . Track listing Credits and personnel The following credits are from Allmusic . Performance credits Technical credits Chart performance
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2,218 | Arp2 3 complex is a seven subunit protein complex that plays a major role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton . It is a major component of the actin cytoskeleton and is found in most actin cytoskeleton containing eukaryotic cells . Two of its subunits , the Actin Related Proteins unk and unk closely resemble the structure of monomeric actin and serve as nucleation sites for new actin filaments . The complex binds to the sides of existing ( mother ) filaments and initiates growth of a new ( daughter ) filament at a distinctive 70 degree angle from the mother . Branched actin networks are created as a result of this nucleation of new filaments . The regulation of rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton is important for processes like cell locomotion , phagocytosis , and intracellular motility of lipid vesicles . The Arp2 3 complex was named after it was identified by affinity chromatography from unk unk , though it had been previously isolated in 1989 in a search for proteins that bind to actin filaments in Drosophila melanogaster embryos . It is found in most eukaryotic organisms , but absent from a number of unk and plants . Mechanisms of actin polymerization by Arp2 3 Many actin related molecules create a free barbed end for polymerization by unk or severing pre existing filaments and using these as actin nucleation cores . However , the Arp2 3 complex stimulates actin polymerization by creating a new nucleation core . Actin nucleation is an initial step in the formation of an actin filament . The nucleation core activity of Arp2 3 is activated by members of the unk Aldrich syndrome family protein ( WASP , N WASP , WAVE , and unk proteins ) . The V domain of a WASP protein interacts with actin monomers while the CA region associates with the Arp2 3 complex to create a nucleation core . However , de novo nucleation followed by polymerization is not sufficient to form integrated actin networks , since these newly synthesized polymers would not be associated with pre existing filaments . Thus , the Arp2 3 complex binds to pre existing filaments so that the new filaments can grow on the old ones and form a functional actin cytoskeleton . Capping proteins limit actin polymerization to the region activated by the Arp2 3 complex , and the elongated filament ends are recapped to prevent unk and thus conserve the actin filament . The Arp2 3 complex simultaneously controls nucleation of actin polymerization and branching of filaments . Moreover , autocatalysis is observed during Arp2 3 mediated actin polymerization . In this process , the newly formed filaments activate other Arp2 3 complexes , facilitating the formation of branched filaments . The mechanism of actin filament initiation by Arp2 3 has been disputed . The question is where the complex binds the filament and unk a daughter filament . Historically two models have been proposed . Recent results , and the balance of opinion in the field , favour the side branching model , in which the Arp2 3 complex binds to the side of a pre existing ( mother ) filament at a point different from the nucleation site . Although the field lacks a high resolution crystal structure , data from electron microscopy , together with biochemical data on the filament nucleation and capping mechanisms of the Arp2 3 complex , favour side branching . In the alternative barbed end branching model , Arp2 3 only associates at the barbed end of growing filaments , allowing for the elongation of the original filament and the formation of a branched filament . This model , which is based on kinetic analysis and optical microscopy , is decreasingly favoured by the field . Cellular uses of Arp2 3 The Arp2 3 complex appears to be important in a variety of specialized cell functions that involve the actin cytoskeleton . The complex is found in cellular regions characterized by dynamic actin filament activity in unk cups , in the leading edge of motile cells ( unk ) , and in motile actin patches in yeast . In mammals and the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum it is required for phagocytosis . The complex has also been shown to be involved in the establishment of cell polarity and the migration of unk monolayers in a wound healing model . In mammalian oocytes , the Arp2 3 complex is involved in oocyte asymmetric division and polar body emission , which result from the failure of spindle migration ( a unique feature of oocyte division ) and cytokinesis . Moreover , enteropathogenic organisms like Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella use the Arp2 3 complex for actin unk dependent rocketing movements . The Arp2 3 complex also regulates the intracellular motility of endosomes , lysosomes , unk vesicles , and mitochondria . Moreover , recent studies show that the Arp2 3 complex is essential for proper polar cell expansion in plants . Arp2 3 mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana result in abnormal filament organization , which in turn affects the expansion of trichomes , pavement cells , hypocotyl cells , and root hair cells .
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2,219 | Tropical Storm Ignacio was a weak tropical cyclone affected parts of the western United States in August 1997 . The 12th tropical cyclone and 9th named storm of the 1997 Pacific hurricane season , Ignacio formed west of Mexico from a weather disturbance embedded within a more broad system . It was classified as a tropical depression on August 17 , and although it quickly intensified into a tropical storm , harsher environmental conditions caused it to begin weakening as the cyclone moved northward . On August 19 , Ignacio transitioned into an extratropical cyclone as it approached California , where its remnants produced unprecedented August rainfall , numerous traffic accidents , and 78 , 000 power outages . Meteorological history Tropical Storm Ignacio originated in a broad region of active weather that persisted west of Mexico during the middle of August 1997 . Among multiple other disturbances , the precursor to Ignacio developed on August 16 , well to the southwest of the Baja California Peninsula . Later that day , banding features formed and convection began turning counterclockwise around a nascent area of low pressure in the middle levels of the atmosphere . It continued to become better organized , and at 0000 UTC on August 17 , the National Hurricane Center classified it a tropical depression . At the time , the storm was situated approximately 520 mi ( 840 km ) southwest of Cabo San Lucas , outside of the area in which tropical cyclones usually form in the Eastern Pacific ocean basin . The depression moved northwestward at 11 to 17 mph ( 18 to 27 km h ) under the steering currents of mid to upper level trough of low pressure off the coast of California . A burst of deep convection formed near the cyclone 's center early on August 17 , and its estimated maximum sustained winds subsequently increased to 40 mph ( 64 km h ) . As such , it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Ignacio at 1200 UTC . At the same time , the storm reached its lowest recorded barometric pressure of 1005 millibars . However , due to increasingly colder waters and the presence of inhibiting southwesterly wind shear , it immediately stopped intensifying . Ignacio maintained tropical storm status for a short time , and early on August 18 , it weakened back into a depression . During its weakening stage , deep convection existed only in the northwestern quadrant of the circulation . On August 19 , cold cloud tops reappeared , although this brief revival has been attributed to non tropical baroclinic instability . At 1200 UTC , the depression was declared extratropical , and it continued northward until dissipating near California a day later . Moisture from the system persisted as it passed through the state and the Pacific Northwest , ultimately merging with a larger extratropical cyclone involving the remnants of Hurricane Guillermo . Impact As a tropical cyclone , Ignacio had little or no effect on land . However , its remnants produced unprecedented precipitation in parts of coastal California . Rainfall accumulations reached record levels in some areas , amounting to as much as 2 . 17 in ( 55 mm ) . San Francisco received about 1 in ( 25 mm ) of precipitation , leading to its wettest August on record , and also constituting the city 's first ever recorded rainfall on the date of August 19 . In contrast , the area usually receives just trace of moisture during August . By the estimation of one meteorologist , the atypical rainfall represented a 1 in 50 year event . A Major League Baseball game at unk Coliseum on August 19 was canceled due to the inclement weather . The atypical rainfall triggered isolated flash flooding in some locations and a debris flow about 7 ft ( 2 . 1 m ) deep . Wine grape were adversely impacted by the heavy rainfall from Ignacio , which ruined about 10 of the year 's Chardonnay and Sauvignon grapes . The unfavorable growing conditions were compounded by further rains from Hurricane Linda in September , creating what was described as a tumultuous year for the crops . The storm contributed to numerous weather related traffic accidents , at least one of them classified as major . Around 20 collisions occurred on the night of August 19 across the San Francisco Peninsula . Two crashes on Interstate 80 forced the closure of four lanes for 30 minutes , while California State Route 9 was blocked in Saratoga by a large tree which fell due to saturated soil . It is unclear how many injuries resulted from the various incidents . Thunderstorms associated with the storm system left about 78 , 000 electric customers in Sonoma County without power after lightning struck a power substation . The outages lasted up to a few hours . Lightning also knocked three workers unconscious in a vineyard near Lodi they were in good condition after hospitalization . Rainfall extended as far north as the northwestern United States , ending an unusually long , 35 day dry spell at Astoria , Oregon . It remains the most significant rainfall from a tropical cyclone in the states of Washington and Oregon .
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2,220 | Buxbaumia ( Bug moss , Bug on a stick , unk elves , or Elf cap moss ) is a genus of twelve species of moss ( Bryophyta ) . It was first named in 1742 by Albrecht von Haller and later brought into modern botanical nomenclature in 1801 by Johann Hedwig to commemorate Johann Christian unk , a German physician and botanist who discovered the moss in 1712 at the mouth of the Volga River . The moss is microscopic for most of its existence , and plants are noticeable only after they begin to produce their reproductive structures . The asymmetrical spore capsule has a distinctive shape and structure , some features of which appear to be transitional from those in primitive mosses to most modern mosses . Description Plants of Buxbaumia have a much reduced gametophyte , bearing a sporophyte that is enormous by comparison . In most mosses , the gametophyte stage of the life cycle is both green and leafy , and is substantially larger than the spore producing stage . Unlike these other mosses , the gametophyte of Buxbaumia is microscopic , colorless , stemless , and nearly leafless . It consists exclusively of thread like unk for most of its existence , resembling a thin green black felt on the surface where it grows . The plants are dioicous , with separate plants producing the male and female organs . Male plants develop only one microscopic leaf around each unk , and female plants produce just three or four tiny colorless leaves around each archegonium . Because of its small size , the gametophyte stage is not generally noticed until the stalked sporangium develops , and is unk principally because the sporangium grows upon and above the tiny gametophyte . The extremely reduced state of Buxbaumia plants raises the question of how it makes or obtains sufficient nutrition for survival . In contrast to most mosses , Buxbaumia does not produce abundant chlorophyll and is saprophytic . It is possible that some of its nutritional needs are met by fungi that grow within the plant . The sporophyte at maturity is between 4 and 11 mm tall . The spore capsule is attached at the top of the stalk and is distinctive , being asymmetric in shape and oblique in attachment . As with most other Bryopsida , the opening through which the spores are released is surrounded by a double peristome ( unk ) formed from the cell walls of disintegrated cells . The unk ( outer row ) consists of 16 short articulated teeth . Unlike most other mosses , the unk ( inner row ) does not divide into teeth , but rather is a continuous pleated membrane around the capsule opening . Only the genus Diphyscium has a similar peristome structure , although that genus has only 16 pleats in its unk , in contrast to the 32 pleats in Buxbaumia . Diphyscium shares with Buxbaumia one other oddity of the sporophyte the foot ( stalk base ) unk as a result of outgrowths , so much so that they may be mistaken for rhizoids . Distribution and ecology Species of Buxbaumia may be found across much of the temperate to subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere , as well as cooler regions of Australia and New Zealand . The moss is an annual or biennial plant and grows in disturbed habitats or as a pioneer species . The plants grow on decaying wood , rock outcrops , or directly on the soil . They do not grow regularly or reliably at given locations , and frequently disappear from places where they have previously been found . unk stages begin their development in the autumn , and are green through the winter months . Spores are mature and ready for dispersal by the late spring or early summer . The spores are ejected from the capsule in puffs when raindrops fall upon the capsule 's flattened top . The asymmetric sporophytes of Buxbaumia unk develop so that the opening is oriented towards the strongest source of light , usually towards the south . The species often grows together with the diminutive liverwort unk , which forms a blackish crust that is easier to spot than Buxbaumia itself . Classification Buxbaumia is the only genus in the family Buxbaumiaceae , the order unk , and the subclass unk . It is the sister group to all other members of class Bryopsida . Some older classifications included the unk within the unk ( or as part of the Buxbaumiaceae ) because of similarities in the peristome structure , or placed the Buxbaumiaceae in the unk . Most recent cladistic studies using DNA sequences are not conclusive regarding the relationship between Buxbaumia and Diphyscium , but evidence suggests they are separate lines of a paraphyletic group . No recent studies favor a placement with the unk . The genus Buxbaumia includes twelve species Because of the simplicity of its structure , Goebel interpreted Buxbaumia as a primitive moss , transitional between the algae and mosses , but subsequent research suggests that it is a secondarily reduced form . The unusual peristome in Buxbaumia is now thought to be a transitional form between the unk ( cellular teeth ) peristome of the unk and the unk ( cell wall teeth ) peristome of the Bryopsida .
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2,221 | X Flight is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee , Illinois . Designed and built by Bolliger Mabillard , the ride opened as the fourth Wing Coaster in the world and the second in the United States on May 16 , 2012 . It replaced both the Splashwater Falls and Great American Raceway attractions . The 3 , 000 foot long ( 910 m ) roller coaster features barrel rolls , high speed drops , and a signature fly through element , where the train narrowly misses a support structure designed to look like an air traffic control tower as it passes through an opening known as a keyhole element . History X Flight was announced on September 1 , 2011 . Six Flags Great America was the first park to announce plans for a Wing Coaster in the United States . Land clearing started in September 2011 on the former site of Splashwater Falls and the Great America Raceway . The first pieces of the track began to arrive in early October . 127 unk ( footers ) , ranging from 30 feet ( 9 . 1 m ) to 77 feet ( 23 m ) were dug into the ground . On January 27 , 2012 , the final piece of the lift hill was topped off . The trains for X Flight arrived at the park on March 2 , 2012 . In a Chicago Sun Times article in February , the park said they expect safety tests to start in early April . X Flight opened for unk season pass holders on the weekend of May 12 and opened to the public on May 16 . Ride experience After departing from the station , which resembles an airplane hangar , the train immediately begins to climb the steep 120 foot ( 37 m ) chain lift hill . Upon reaching the top of the lift hill , the train enters the first element of the roller coaster , a Dive Drop . This element is similar to the Dive Drop 's found on The Swarm at Thorpe Park and GateKeeper at Cedar Point and consists of the train rotating 180 degrees into an upside down position before descending back to the ground . During this drop , the train reaches its top speed of 55 miles per hour ( 89 km h ) . At the bottom of the first drop , riders get their picture taken . After the train exits the first drop , the train then enters a zero g roll before going through a cloud of fog . The train then makes a slight left turn before entering an Immelmann loop followed by a right turn over a pond . The train then leads into the second zero g roll over the main entrance of the ride . Following the roll , the train makes a left turn before going through an Inline twist . During this element , which is known as a keyhole , riders go through an actual airplane control tower ( which was retrieved from O 'Hare International Airport ) , giving the illusion the train will hit the tower . After going through the tower , the train goes through another near miss keyhole surrounded by a cloud of fog , before exiting the twist and making a tight right turn , passing by Demon 's corkscrews and last turn , before making a slight left upward turn leading into the brake run . The train then makes a 180 degree left turn into another set of brakes before entering the station . One cycle lasts about 1 minute and 15 seconds . Characteristics Manufacturer X Flight is a Wing Coaster model from Swiss manufacturer , Bolliger Mabillard . It was the fifth B M coaster for Six Flags Great America . X Flight joins the inverted roller coaster , Batman The Ride , the hyper twister , Raging Bull and the flying roller coaster , Superman Ultimate Flight , giving the park a total of four operating coasters from B M. The park 's first B M coaster , Iron Wolf was moved to Six Flags America at the end of the 2011 season . X Flight was the fourth Wing Coaster built and the second in the United States , preceded by Wild Eagle at Dollywood . Trains X Flight operates with two steel and fiberglass trains . Each train has 8 cars with 4 seats per car ( 2 on each side of the track ) for a total of 32 riders per train . The colors of the train are red and black with over the shoulder restraints . The restraints are similar to the restraints found on Superman Ultimate Flight . Track The steel track is approximately 3 , 000 feet ( 910 m ) in length and the height of the lift is approximately 120 feet ( 37 m ) . The track is colored red while the supports are black . Reception X Flight has received a mix of positive and negative reviews . Doug George from the Chicago Tribune stated the ride is very smooth with rolls , dives and inverted , eye bugging flips . However , he stated that the ride is pretty short and with only one train running the course at a time , the wait time can reach as long as other popular attractions at the park . The Coaster Critic reviewed the ride and stated that the theming is very well done , especially the keyhole element . He said the different seating set up encourages re rides because of the different experience on each side of the train . Overall , he gave the ride a 9 out of 10 because of the riding position , loops , and interactions or near misses . Awards
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2,222 | Nobody Sees is a song by Powderfinger from their sixth album Dream Days at the Hotel Existence . It is the third single from the album and was released in Australia on 1 December 2007 . The announcement that it would be released as a single came at the same time as releasing the music video to the internet on the official Universal Records website . Despite positive critical response , the song charted poorly , peaking at 51 on the ARIA Singles Chart . Background Nobody Sees was recorded by Powderfinger for their 2007 album Dream Days at the Hotel Existence at Sunset Sound Studio , Los Angeles , California , in early 2007 with producer Rob Schnapf . In an interview with Jay and the Doctor on Triple J in November 2007 , Fanning noted that the song is a bookend to Powderfinger 's early breakout single Pick You Up from Double Allergic . He goes on to note that It 's ' who 's going to pick you up now ' . Cause I 'm not doing it any more . Fanning also noted that he considers the song a spacey ballad . Though the band had previously released songs featuring piano , they had decided for this album to record with session pianist Benmont Tench , who previously had played for Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers , who were one of the inspirations of the album . This was in contrast to previous efforts where piano parts had been performed by Fanning or local Australian pianists . Despite Tench 's performance on the song , Fanning appears in the music video as playing piano . Release The single for Nobody Sees was officially released on 1 December 2007 in Australia . This was announced on 16 November 2007 , only two weeks prior to its release . The single was released only to the iTunes Store as a three song EP including the studio version of the song , a live version of the song and another song from Dream Days at the Hotel Existence . Music video The music video for Nobody Sees features the entire line up of Powderfinger in shot in the dark at nighttime with the Melbourne cityscape in the background . The group 's lead vocalist , Bernard Fanning , who in all previous recordings would play keyboards and piano parts , did not record any of these parts for Dream Days at the Hotel Existence , as these duties were fulfilled by Benmont Tench . Though Tench performed the keyboard in the recording of the song , Fanning appears at the keyboard in the music video . The scenes of the band playing are intercut with video shots of a do it yourself unk , and five shots of people by themselves . These people are all initially shown being still then as the video progresses , the people are shown performing highly energetic actions in slow motion . The actions shown include running , falling and jumping . There are instances through Ian Haug 's guitar solo where John Collins ' bass guitar and Darren Middleton 's electric guitar are also shown in close up and slow motion . Critical response PerthNow reporter Jay Hanna called Nobody Sees Powderfinger at their devastating best in his Dream Days at the Hotel Existence review , commending its overall impact on the album . Clayton Bolger of Allmusic agreed , calling the song wondrous and praising Tench 's piano work on it . The song was labeled an AMG Track Pick . Herald Sun HiT reviewer Cameron Adams agreed , also commenting that the song was an excellent reminder of Fanning s prowess as a rock vocalist . Mess Noise reviewer Andrew unk notes that Nobody Sees is validated by Dream Days at the Hotel Existence 's controversial track Black Tears , stating that it would otherwise seem like the usual lovelorn crap but can t help but take on a different meaning in the shadow of Black Tears . Shah Xerxes from unk comments that the song is a heartbreak inspired and sugary love ballad , noting the songs sadness by referring to it as an intensely moody number reserved for sadder moments where a little reflection and perspective is required . UK reviewer Mike Rea from Contact Music noted Nobody Sees as a standout song from the album , which on the whole he rated 8 10 . Sputnikmusic contributor James Bishop was less enthusiastic about the song , noting that it wasn 't dissimilar to past Powderfinger works , although noting that it utilized the variety and flexibility the band is capable of . Charts Nobody Sees peaked at number 51 on the ARIA Singles Chart and spent 17 weeks in the top 100 . Track listing The track listing for the Nobody Sees single is listed with iTunes Store as being an EP , though includes only three songs , beginning with the studio version of the song . The second track is the live performance of the song taken from their Across the Great Divide tour performance at the Brisbane Powerhouse in October 2007 , and the final track , Wishing on the Same Moon , is also from the Powerhouse performance , and also originally from Dream Days at the Hotel Existence . Nobody Sees 4 12 Nobody Sees ( live ) 4 38 Wishing on the Same Moon ( live ) 5 53 Personnel
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2,223 | USS West Corum ( ID 3982 ) was a cargo ship for the United States Navy in 1919 . The ship was built as SS West Corum and reverted to that name at the end of her Navy service . During World War II , the ship was United States Army transport ship USAT West Corum , later renamed to Will H. Point ( sometimes listed as William H. Point ) . SS West Corum was a steam powered ship built for the United States Shipping Board ( USSB ) as part of the West boats , a series of steel hulled cargo ships built on the West Coast of the United States for the World War I war effort . She was the 13th ship built by Columbia River Shipbuilding Company in Portland , Oregon . She was commissioned into the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) of the United States Navy in January 1919 . After one overseas trips for the Navy , she was decommissioned in May 1919 and returned to the USSB . Early in her civilian career , she sailed between New York City and Bordeaux , but later shifted to sailing to Antwerp . For most of the 1920s , West Corum sailed to Argentine ports . By 1939 , West Corum had been laid up in New Orleans . In 1940 , she was reconditioned , transferred to the United States Army , and renamed USAT Will H. Point . During World War II , the ship sailed primarily in the Pacific Ocean , calling at ports in Australia , Alaska , and the U.S. West Coast . Will H. Point was laid up in the reserve fleet in Astoria , Oregon , in January 1947 and sold for scrapping in July of that same year . U.S. Navy career Upon completion of West Corum in February 1919 , three months after the end of fighting in World War I , she was handed over to the United States Navy for use in the Naval Overseas Transportation Service ( NOTS ) on 10 February . She was commissioned as USS West Corum ( ID 3982 ) the same day with Lieutenant Commander Alfred G. Thompson , USNRF , in command . West Corum took on a load of wheat flour and sailed on 24 February for the East Coast . After transiting the Panama Canal , she arrived at Norfolk , Virginia , on 19 March . Sailing soon after , she headed for Constantinople , Turkey , where she delivered her cargo on 18 April . On 1 May , West Corum set out from Constantinople for the United States via Gibraltar . She arrived in Norfolk on 6 June and was decommissioned three days later and returned to the USSB . Civilian career Many details of West Corum 's post Navy career are unknown , but mentions in shipping reports in contemporary newspapers offer hints at her activities . The New York Times reports on West Corum 's impending arrival from Bordeaux in October 1919 , and from Antwerp in May and August 1920 . By November 1920 , West Corum had apparently begun sailing to Argentine ports . Most newspaper mentions of West Corum do not report what sorts of cargo she carried , but a January 1922 Associated Press story in The Christian Science Monitor reveals her cargo for one voyage from Argentina . In what the news item said was the first full load of cargo leaving Buenos Aires in nearly a year , West Corum carried 107 , 000 animal hides , estimated to be enough for 1 , 000 , 000 pairs of shoes , along with consignments of wool and linseed . The ship continued calling at Buenos Aires and Santa Fe , Argentina , as late as 1927 , but by 1939 , West Corum had been laid up in a reserve fleet at New Orleans . World War II In June 1940 , the United States Maritime Commission ( USMC ) opened bidding for the reconditioning of ten laid up cargo ships , which included West Corum . According to the Los Angeles Times , the USMC , a successor to the USSB , was forced to act because of a critical shortage of U.S. Navy auxiliary ships . Though there is no specific information available regarding West Corum , the cost of reconditioning West Honaker , another of the laid up West boats , was 77 , 777 . In November , West Corum was one of different group of ten ships taken up by the United States Army for defense service . The ship 's movements under Army control are largely unknown , but in January 1941 , The New York Times reported that USAT West Corum had arrived in New York from Puerto Rico . Between February and March 1941 , the ship was renamed USAT Will H. Point ( though some sources indicate William H. Point instead ) in honor of a former officer in the Quartermaster Corps . Some other destinations for Will H. Point during her Army service are known . On 15 June 1941 , the ship became the first ship to dock at the newly completed port facilities at Anchorage , Alaska . From September 1943 to January 1944 , Will H. Point sailed between ports in Australia and New Guinea . Sailing mostly in convoys , Will H. Point visited Gladstone , Brisbane , Caloundra , Townsville , and Milne Bay . After the war 's end , Will H. Point is listed in the Chicago Daily Tribune as returning 11 U.S. Army personnel from Pearl Harbor to San Francisco in July 1946 . The following January , Will H. Point entered the National Defense Reserve Fleet at Astoria , Oregon , and was withdrawn for scrapping in August .
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2,224 | The 1874 FA Cup final was a football match between Oxford University and Royal Engineers on 14 March 1874 at Kennington Oval in London . It was the third final of the world 's oldest football competition , the Football Association Challenge Cup ( known in the modern era as the FA Cup ) . Both teams had previously reached the final but been defeated by Wanderers . The Engineers had reached the final with comparative ease , scoring sixteen goals and conceding only one in the four previous rounds . Oxford 's opponents in the earlier rounds had included two time former winners Wanderers . The final was decided by two goals from Oxford in the first twenty minutes . Their opponents had spent two weeks training for the match , an innovative concept at the time , but were repeatedly thwarted by Charles Nepean , the Oxford goalkeeper . The Engineers were said to have missed their best back , Lieut . Alfred Goodwyn , who had been posted overseas . Route to the final Oxford University and the Chatham based Royal Engineers were among 28 entrants to the competition in the 1873 74 season . Both teams were ranked among the strongest in the country at the time , especially the Engineers who played 86 games between 1871 and 1875 and lost only three , scoring a total of 240 goals and conceding only 20 . Both teams progressed through the first round of the competition with little difficulty , Oxford defeating Upton Park 4 0 and the Engineers winning 5 0 against Brondesbury . In the second round , the University beat Barnes 2 0 and the Sappers , as the Engineers were nicknamed , beat Uxbridge 2 1 . The Engineers comprehensively defeated their quarter final opponents , Maidenhead , winning 7 0 , the first time a team had ever scored as many as seven goals in an FA Cup match . Oxford , on the other hand , were paired with Wanderers , who had won the competition in both its first two seasons and never lost an FA Cup match . They had defeated the Engineers in the 1872 final and Oxford in the 1873 final . The first match finished in a 1 1 draw , necessitating a replay which Oxford won 1 0 to end Wanderers ' grip on the competition . Both semi final matches were played at Kennington Oval , the home of Surrey County Cricket Club , as specified by the rules in use at the time . Royal Engineers defeated Swifts in the first match to be played , and Oxford booked their place in the final a month later with a 1 0 win over Clapham Rovers . Match Summary Oxford were able to call on their first choice goalkeeper , Charles Nepean , who had been unable to play in the previous year 's final , which Oxford lost . They also selected William Rawson , whose brother Herbert was in the Engineers ' team . The Engineers , who represented the Corps of Royal Engineers regiment of the British army , had undertaken two weeks of special training before the match , an innovative concept in an era when little importance was placed on training , but were unable to field Alfred Goodwyn , considered to be their best back , as he had been posted to India earlier in the year . Oxford 's players were not all students , as the team included Arthur H. Johnson , an ordained clergyman and Fellow of All Souls College . Around 2 , 000 spectators were in attendance , a smaller crowd than had attended the previous final . Oxford won the coin toss and elected to begin the game defending the Harleyford Road end of the stadium . Charles Mackarness gave Oxford the lead after just ten minutes . Following an Oxford corner kick , a melee developed in front of the Engineers ' goal , and the ball fell to Mackarness , who shot it over the crowd of players and past goalkeeper William Merriman . Frederick Patton doubled the lead ten minutes later after some skillful dribbling by captain Cuthbert Ottaway and Robert Vidal , who was nicknamed the prince of dribblers for his skill in that aspect of the game . Oxford could have had a third goal when they managed to get the ball through the Engineers ' goalposts , but the players did not appeal for the goal . At the time , as in cricket , the officials were not permitted to award a goal unless the players appealed for it , thus no goal was given . It is not recorded why the Oxford players never appealed . The best effort for the Engineers came when Henry Renny Tailyour 's shot struck the goalpost . Late in the game the Sappers mounted a series of attacks on the Oxford goal but were unable to score , being repeatedly thwarted by Nepean . Oxford thus won 2 0 and secured the cup . Details Post match As occurred each year until 1882 , the winning team did not receive the trophy at the stadium on the day of the match , but later in the year at their annual dinner . The secretary of the Royal Engineers club , in his official report , stated that Oxford had thoroughly deserved their victory . Some time after the match , the Engineers discovered that Alfred Goodwyn , their absent star player , had died in India on the day of the final of injuries sustained in a fall from a horse .
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2,225 | Miami Vice is an action video game developed by Canvas and published by Ocean Software . It was first released in the United Kingdom for the Amstrad CPC , Commodore 64 , and ZX Spectrum in 1986 . It was later re released in Germany and Italy for the Commodore 64 in 1989 . The game is based on the television series of the same name and follows the two central characters , James Sonny Crockett and Ricardo Tubbs , as they attempt to derail a Miami drug ring which is led by series antagonist Mr J . The game was published by Ocean Software , who were renowned for developing video games related to their respective films and television shows . The main objective of the game is to apprehend criminals throughout the streets of Miami , which is accomplished by driving to various locations around the city . Miami Vice received mixed reviews upon release the game was mainly criticised due to its poor mechanics and graphics , though some reviewers praised the overall experience . Gameplay The game is presented in a top down perspective with elements of 2D side scrolling gameplay . The main objective of the game is to derail various shipments of drugs controlled by the Miami Vice series antagonist , Mr J. The player assumes control of series protagonists James Sonny Crockett and Ricardo Tubbs , in which they must eliminate gangsters throughout Miami . To accomplish this end , Crockett and Tubbs can drive their car through the streets of Miami in order to get to various destinations , such as City Hall , Vines Bar , State Hotel , Shark Club , Joes Bar , Flag Hotel , Grand Casino , Palm Club , Murk Club , Ocean Warehouse , Acme Warehouse and Sierra Hotel , quicker . If the player collides into a wall or another car whilst driving , a small explosion will occur and a life will be deducted . At a labelled building , the player can get out of the car and enter , though enemies will only appear during certain times of the day . If the player arrives too early , the enemy gangsters will attempt to escape . If the player arrives too late , the building will be found vacant . A timetable of all meetings are included in the game 's instruction manual . The aesthetic interior of buildings include two rooms , with limited decorations such as a pool table and chairs . Some buildings contain evidence bags which can be collected for extra points . Once the player comes into contact with an enemy , a separate window will appear which will display his name . The player can apprehend him by either catching or trapping him . Once caught , the player may take him to the city hall to interrogate him in order to receive information such as the location of the next gangster meetup . Points are gained by apprehending criminals , returning evidence bags or destroying cars . Background Ocean Software was founded in Manchester by David Ward and Jon Woods in 1984 . The company were known for developing titles such as Platoon , Top Gun and Jurassic Park , which were usually based on the films of the same name . During the late 1980s and early 1990s , Ocean primarily focused on developing games related to best selling B movies or porting other commercially successful games onto different platforms . In 1996 , the company was purchased by French holding company Infogrames for 100 million and was later merged into Atari , in 2004 . In 2004 , both founders of Ocean Software received the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association Hall of Fame award , for their recognition in transforming the British video games industry into a multi national business . Reception The game received mixed to negative reviews upon release . Pete Shaw of Your Sinclair praised the overall experience of the game , including the fast paced gameplay and lack of an intrusive plot , however he criticised the terrible attribute clash issues in the ' Frankie goes to Florida ' mode , in which he states that the mode causes graphical errors . Three reviewers of Zzap 64 stated that the graphics were simplistic , but found them to be crisp and colourful . Chris Bourne of Crash , however , criticised the graphics as dodgy and drab . Jim Lloyd of Computer and Video Games praised the music and its ability to change once the player moves from a car to building , however theorised that the game would sell due to its name . Bourne criticised the game 's lack of music for the Amstrad port and limited range of sound effects . Miami Vice received particular criticism at the difficulty of manoeuvring the car . Edward Drury of Computer Gamer , though finding the game to be enjoyable at times , stated that his only dislike was the manoeuvrability of the car , remarking that the game gets boring due to the amount of collisions . Bourne was highly critical of the mechanics of the car , finding it to be ludicrous and taking at least half an hour to get used to . He concluded that the game was very bad . Jim Lloyd of Computer and Video Games and a reviewer of Zzap 64 concurred that the controlling the car was a major issue .
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2,226 | The Battle of Gythium was fought in 195 BC between Sparta and the coalition of Rome , Rhodes , the Achaean League and Pergamum . As the port of Gythium was an important Spartan base the allies decided to capture it before they advanced inland to Sparta . The Romans and the Achaeans were joined outside the city by the Pergamese and Rhodian fleets . The Spartans held out but one of the joint commanders , Dexagoridas , decided to surrender the city to the Roman legate . When Gorgopas , the other commander , found out he killed Dexagoridas and took solo command of the city . After Dexagoridas ' murder the Spartans held out more vigorously . However , Titus Quinctius Flamininus of the allied forces arrived with 4 , 000 more men and the Spartans decided to surrender the city on the condition that the garrison could leave unharmed . The result of this battle forced Nabis , the tyrant of Sparta , to abandon the surrounding land and withdraw to the city of Sparta . Later that year , Sparta capitulated to the allies . Prelude The Macedonians had been defeated in the Second Macedonian War in 197 BC which left the Spartans in control of Argos . This Spartan gain was a setback for the Achaean League who had been trying to incorporate Sparta into their league for many years . The Romans had won the Second Macedonian War and it left them in control of Greek affairs . However , they decided not to occupy Greece but to garrison some cities for five years . The tyrant of Sparta , Nabis , who had declared himself king , was troubling the Achaean League and was also threatening to destroy the peace in Greece . In 195 BC , Flamininus summoned his army in Greece and that of his allies at Plataea in Boeotia . He then marched from Plataea to Argos where he was joined by 10 , 000 Achean infantry and 1 , 000 cavalry . After a few brief skirmishes , the allies decided to abandon the siege and they pitched in Tegea . They then advanced upon unk where they were joined by 1 , 500 Macedonians and 400 Thessalian cavalry . Nabis also made his own preparations . Nabis had always been on good terms with Cretan leaders and he requested 1 , 000 of their best soldiers who were hand picked to assist him . As well as the Cretans , he hired 3 , 000 mercenaries and 10 , 000 citizens . The Romans and their allies then advanced upon Sellasia not far north of Sparta . The Romans were defeated in a small battle and they retreated . The Romans then won another battle against the Spartans and forced them to retreat into the city . Battle Some coastal cities surrendered to the Romans which allowed the Romans to have a base in the coastal regions of Laconia . Gythium was a large city and had been made by the Spartans as their main port and naval arsenal . The Romans advanced upon the city and they were joined there by the combined Rhodian and Pergamese fleets . The sailors from the Roman , Pergamese and Rhodian fleets built siege engines which had devastating effects on the walls . One of the city 's joint commanders , Dexagoridas , offered to surrender the city to the Roman legate in charge of the fleet while Flamininus was gone . When the other commander Gorgopas found out he murdered Dexagoridas . Now with the city under Gorgopas ' command the defenders became reinvigorated . The siege was proving more difficult until Flamininus arrived with 4 , 000 Roman soldiers . With the arrival of the new soldiers , the allied soldiers were encouraged and began bombarding the city again with their siege engines while the Rhodian and Pergamese fleet continued to put pressure on the Spartans from the sea . The Spartans knew that they did not have much of a chance of withstanding the renewed allied assault and Gorgopas decided to surrender the city to the Romans under the condition that the garrison was allowed to leave the city unharmed . Aftermath When Nabis found out that Gythium had fallen to the allies he decided to abandon the remaining Laconian countryside that he controlled . Nabis sent envoys to Flamininus who offered Nabis a parley . The Romans attacked Sparta when the parley ended but the Spartans withstood the initial allied assaults . Nabis , however , seeing that the situation was hopeless agreed to surrender the city to the Romans . The Romans forced Nabis to abandon Argos and most of the coastal cities of Laconia . The Romans formed all the cities that had broken off from Sparta on the Laconian coast into the Union of Free Laconians . However , the Romans didn 't strip Nabis of his powers because they wanted a state in the Peloponnese to counter the growing Achaean League . Nabis attacked Gythium two or three years later only to retreat after being unable to capture the city but in 192 BC he was assassinated by the Aetolians before he had a chance to attempt another attack on the city . In 189 BC , the Spartans , having been deprived of a port , attacked and captured the city of Las . The unk , threatened by the attack , demanded the surrender of those responsible for the attack and when that was refused they captured the city .
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2,227 | Pennsylvania Route 666 ( PA 666 ) is an east west state route located in northwest Pennsylvania . The western terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 62 ( US 62 ) in the Hickory Township municipality of East Hickory , and its eastern terminus is at US 6 in the hamlet of Sheffield in the township of the same name . It cuts through most of Allegheny National Forest , and is therefore sparsely populated , with the largest settlement along the road being Endeavor . Its official name is the David unk Memorial Highway . The route was assigned in the 1928 numbering of State Routes in Pennsylvania . The highway originally ended in Nebraska until being extended southward along other streets . The route was realigned in 1946 onto its present routing . The highway has remained the same since . Route description East Hickory to Old PA 666 Pennsylvania Route 666 begins at an intersection with US 62 along the banks of the Allegheny River in East Hickory . The route progresses eastward , intersecting with East Hickory Road , a dead end street that is part of old US 62 . With trees and some homes surrounding the highway , PA 666 continues out of East Hickory and into Hickory Township . The highway heads into Queen , intersecting with two dead end streets before turning to the southeast . The route quickly leaves Queen , entering a heavily forested area . The trees around the highway are very dense and surround the highway for several miles . The southeastern motion that PA 666 was following becomes a steady east , with the highway making several changes in its direction . There is an intersection with a local road , Yellow Hammer Road , which has access to a small amount of civilization . The road however , is a loop , and merges in soon after . The route continues farther through the dense forestry , intersecting with a woods road . PA 666 continues farther to the southeast , entering a break in the dense forestry . The break in forestry is short , and PA 666 continues , now fully to the south . There is another break as the highway approaches the intersection of Balltown Road and Dutch Hill Road . Hazelton Hill Road parallels to the south along the eastern direction highway and both turn southward soon afterward . When PA 666 turns back into the heavily forested area , Hazleton Hill Road turns in the other direction and the parallel ends . There is a small break in the forestry , for some homes , and the highway then begins to make its loop to the north . Paralleling the Tionesta Creek PA 666 intersects with some local roads , Pierson Hill and Salmon Creek Roads . After the bend in unk , Route 666 follows a short segment of an old alignment , deemed on maps as Old PA 666 . PA 666 now makes a steady path to the northeast along the unk , and the dense forests return . The northeastern progression begins to change , and the highway begins a more northward direction . Continuing through the forestry , Route 666 begins to change to a more eastern direction , and in the process , leaving the unk . Old PA 666 to Sheffield The eastern progression begins to convert to another northeastern one , eventually moving into Balltown . In Balltown , there is a break in the forestry for a small area of civilization . The route heads northward , running along the riverbanks once again , and enters the small municipality of unk , Pennsylvania . PA 666 leaves unk and makes a U shaped turn through the forestry . In the U is the municipality of Minister . Afterwards , the route 's progression is mainly eastward . The route , running along the riverbanks , turns to the southward , until turning eastward once again . The route continues into Howe Township and quickly leaves , turning to the northeast and into the dense forestry . Several miles later , the route actually makes a northwestern progression , but it is for a short time , and the highway goes back to a normal northeastern progression . There are more and more gaps in the forestry and the highway enters Barnes . In Barnes , PA 666 intersects with PA 948 's northern terminus . After Barnes , the route becomes more civilized , and the highway passes more homes . Nearing its end , PA 666 re enters the forested area , leaving quickly . The highway terminates in Sheffield Township , at an intersection with US 6 . History PA 666 was assigned in the mass numbering of state routes in 1928 . This routing of PA 666 from Barnes to Nebraska , small municipalities in Forest and Warren Counties . After remaining intact for thirteen years , the highway was extended to Newmansville to terminate at PA 36 and PA 208 . This southern extension is now Newmansville Road , three quadrant routes , and two township roads . In 1946 , PA 666 was extended westward to East Hickory , with the extension to Newmansville being decommissioned . Several highways numbered 666 have experienced high rates of sign theft . According to a 2008 report , this appears to not be the case with PA 666 with a PennDOT spokesperson saying few signs have been stolen . Major intersections
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2,228 | The 2011 Guerrero earthquake struck with a moment magnitude of 5 . 7 in southern Mexico at 08 24 local time on Thursday , 5 May . It was positioned west of Ometepec , Guerrero , with a focal depth of 24 km ( 14 . 9 mi ) , and was lightly felt in many adjacent areas . Buildings swayed with the tremor in Mexico City , prompting evacuations and causing panic among many . Following the quake , police patrolled city streets for safety reasons and damage assessments were carried out across the affected region . There were no casualties , though two local police stations suffered slight damage . A number of light aftershocks succeeded the main event , of which the strongest measured a magnitude of 4 . 1 ( ML ) . Geology The magnitude 5 . 7 ( Mw ) earthquake occurred inland near the southern coast of Mexico at a depth of 24 km ( 14 . 9 mi ) , with a duration of nearly one minute and an epicenter about 55 km ( 34 mi ) west of Ometepec , Guerrero . In the region , the Cocos , North American , and Caribbean Plates converge and create a tectonic zone of continuous seismic activity . The quake struck near the eastern periphery of the Guerrero seismic gap , which extends from Acapulco to Ixtapa Zihuatanejo and contains enough seismic energy to generate an earthquake of up to magnitude 7 . 5 , but it did not cause the gap to rupture . Initial estimates from the USGS placed its intensity at a magnitude of 5 . 8 ( Mw ) the National Seismological Service registered the earthquake at magnitude 5 . 5 ( ML ) . Owing to the moderate magnitude of the quake , significant shaking was felt only in localized parts of Costa Chica , registering strongest at VI ( strong ) on the Mercalli scale in unk and V ( moderate ) in populous areas around the epicenter . Lighter ground motions ( MM IV III ) were perceived in much of Guerrero , including Acapulco and Chilpancingo , with weak tremors ( MM II ) reported as far away as in Mexico City , about 300 km ( 187 mi ) from the epicenter . The capital city rests on a former lakebed of largely unconsolidated sedimentary layers , so earthquake shaking in its vicinity is generally amplified . Aftershocks By 6 May , a total of five light aftershocks had occurred near the earthquake 's epicenter . Of the five , the first registered a magnitude of 3 . 7 ( ML ) and struck about 15 minutes after the main shock , and was succeeded by a magnitude 3 . 9 ( ML ) tremor at 10 09 local time . Two similar quakes of minor intensity struck the region the next day however , the strongest and final aftershock registered a magnitude of 4 . 1 ( ML ) and occurred at 04 00 in the morning . Impact and response Despite relatively strong ground motions , damage to the area was very limited structures around the epicenter were a mix of fairly vulnerable and resistant to earthquake shaking . Buildings swayed with the tremor in Mexico City , causing panic among many citizens and prompting some to evacuate . Several schools in Guerrero were evacuated as a safety precaution . The earthquake and its aftershock sequence contributed to intermittent power outages in Acapulco more than 40 , 000 residences in some 40 districts remained without power by the next day . There were no reports of major losses or fatalities in the wake of the tremor , though two police stations located in Acapulco and Marquelia suffered light damage . Elsewhere , some fallen roof tiles and small landslides occurred east of the epicenter in unk . Prior to the arrival of seismic waves in Mexico City , seven of twelve earthquake sensors near the coast of Guerrero detected a potentially significant quake . Alert systems were subsequently activated in the area , giving locals at least 50 seconds to secure themselves . Shortly after impact , authorities dispatched five helicopters to ascertain any damage in the wake of the quake . SSP officials , along with over 3 , 000 police officers , patrolled the city streets as a safety measure . In response to the earthquake 's occurrence , the Federal District announced the installation of 50 , 000 seismic alarms in local schools , hospitals , and offices . unk of structural conditions particularly in earthquake prone parts of the state were scheduled , and about 1 , 817 , 000 government workers partook in an earthquake simulation exercise the following day . Scientific reaction Although the intensity of the quake was fairly significant , specialists reported that earthquakes of such magnitude do not release nearly enough seismic energy to prevent a major earthquake from occurring in the region . In reality , roughly 900 earthquakes of similar intensities to that of the Guerrero earthquake are required per year to total the energy unleashed by a magnitude 7 . 5 event . Many locals perceived an apparent increase in recent earthquake occurrences , though at the time seismologists registered normal levels of seismic activity in the area . In 2009 , a similar magnitude 5 . 8 Mw earthquake struck Guerrero near Acapulco at a depth of 35 km ( 22 mi ) , killing at least two people .
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2,229 | Severe Tropical Storm Cyprien ( JTWC designation 08S ) was a short lived tropical cyclone that caused minor damage in Madagascar . Forming on December 30 , 2001 , Cyprien quickly strengthened in a slightly favorable environment . By January 2 , the storm attained its peak intensity with winds of 100 km h ( 65 mph ) according to Mto France and 95 km h ( 60 mph ) according to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center . Later that day the storm made landfall in Morombe , at a weaker intensity , and dissipated early on January 3 . Throughout the affected areas , Cyprien destroyed 957 structures , leaving 1 . 16 billion Malagasy franc ( 2002 MGF US 181 , 000 ) in damages . No fatalities were reported however two people were listed as missing . Meteorological history On December 26 , a cold front exited Mozambique in southeastern Africa into the Mozambique channel . Upon reaching open waters , the front developed an area of convection and later a circulation just inland from the coast on December 27 . The front dissipated but the circulation remained as a distinct low pressure area . Although there was high wind shear in the area , good divergence allowed for convection to continue developing . On December 30 , Mto France ( MFR ) , the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center , designated the system as a tropical disturbance . Over the next two days , convection became increasingly organized , with banding features developing by December 31 . That day , MFR upgraded the disturbance to a tropical depression , and around 0900 UTC , the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ( JTWC ) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert . Decreasing wind shear and moderate outflow would allow the system to intensify into a tropical storm . On January 1 , 2002 , the JTWC classified the depression as a tropical storm , designating it as Tropical Cyclone 08S . The system rapidly organized shortly after and was further upgraded to a moderate tropical storm by Mto France at 0600 UTC , at which time the Meteorological Service of Madagascar gave it the name Cyprien . In response to a mid to upper level subtropical high pressure area , the storm tracked in a general eastward direction at 16 km h ( 10 mph ) . Several hours after being named , the JTWC assessed Cyprien to have reached its peak winds of 95 km h ( 60 mph 1 minute winds ) . unk satellite passes indicated areas of 100 km h ( 65 mph ) winds early on January 2 , prompting Mto France to upgrade Cyprien to a severe tropical storm , with winds peaking at 100 km h ( 65 mph 10 minute winds ) . By this time , the central barometric pressure fell to 980 hPa ( mbar ) . Later on January 2 , the combination of the subtropical ridge to the north , an approaching mid latitude trough and moderate to strong westerlies caused Severe Tropical Storm Cyprien to turn towards the southwest . Slight weakening took place shortly before the storm made landfall in Morombe maximum winds decreased to 50 mph ( 85 km h 10 minute winds ) . Increased wind shear and interaction with land caused the deep convection to become substantially displaced to the east from the center of circulation . Early on January 3 , Cyprien was downgraded to a tropical depression by both agencies however , some areas were still reporting gale force winds . It turned to the northeast over land , dissipating late on January 3 . Impact and aftermath The precursor to Cyprien dropped heavy rainfall in Mozambique , including 92 mm ( 3 . 6 in ) in Beira . Due to the low intensity of the storm , damages in southwestern Madagascar were moderate . Cyprien produced wind gusts as strong as 180 km h ( 110 mph ) . Heavy rains also fell throughout the region , peaking at 232 mm ( 9 . 1 in ) . The hardest hit area was the city of Morombe a total of 900 people in the city were affected by the storm and two people were reportedly missing . Following an assessment of the storm 's impact , 180 homes and 16 administrative buildings were found to have been destroyed by Cyprien . Damages in the area amounted to 1 . 1 billion Malagasy franc ( 2002 MGF US 172 , 507 ) . North of Morombe , the city of Morondava also sustained significant damage roughly 1 , 000 people were affected and 661 homes were destroyed . Numerous homes were inundated by floodwaters . Officials reported that floodwaters persisted until January 9 . Damages in the city amounted to 60 million MGF ( 2002 MGF US 9 , 287 ) . In all , damages from the storm amounted to 1 . 16 billion MGF ( 2002 MGF US 181 , 000 ) . Following Cyprien , the Government of Madagascar did not request international assistance in post storm recovery . By January 10 , a cargo plane carrying 65 million MGF ( 2002 MGF US 10 , 062 ) worth of relief supplies was deployed to the affected regions . The supplies , consisting of medical supplies , tents , and one tonne of rice , were given to local authorities to be distributed to the affected population . Sanitary items were also distributed by the government to avoid an outbreak of water borne diseases such as diarrhea and cholera .
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2,230 | Aretusa was a torpedo cruiser of the Partenope class built for the Italian Regia Marina ( Royal Navy ) in the 1880s . Laid down in June 1889 at the Cantiere navale fratelli Orlando shipyard , she was launched in March 1891 and was commissioned in September 1892 . Her main armament were her six torpedo tubes , which were supported by a battery of ten small caliber guns . Aretusa spent most of her career in the main Italian fleet , where she was primarily occupied with training exercises . At the start of the Italo Turkish War in September 1911 , she was assigned to the Red Sea Squadron in Italian Eritrea . She bombarded Ottoman positions in the Arabian Peninsula and took part in a blockade of the coast . Worn out by the end of the war in October 1912 , Aretusa was sold for scrap that December and broken up . Design Aretusa was 73 . 1 meters ( 239 ft 10 in ) long overall and had a beam of 8 . 22 m ( 27 ft 0 in ) and an average draft of 3 . 48 m ( 11 ft 5 in ) . She displaced 833 metric tons ( 820 long tons 918 short tons ) normally . Her propulsion system consisted of a pair of horizontal triple expansion steam engines , each driving a single screw propeller , with steam supplied by four coal fired locomotive boilers . Specific figures for Aretusa 's engine performance have not survived , but the ships of her class had top speeds of 18 . 1 to 20 . 8 knots ( 33 . 5 to 38 . 5 km h 20 . 8 to 23 . 9 mph ) at 3 , 884 to 4 , 422 indicated horsepower ( 2 , 896 to 3 , 297 kW ) . The ship had a cruising radius of about 1 , 800 nautical miles ( 3 , 300 km 2 , 100 mi ) at a speed of 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . She had a crew of between 96 and 121 . Aretusa was armed with a main battery of one 120 mm ( 4 . 7 in ) 40 gun and six 57 mm ( 2 . 2 in ) 43 guns mounted singly. She was also equipped with three 37 mm ( 1 . 5 in ) 20 guns in single mounts . Her primary offensive weapon was her five 450 mm ( 17 . 7 in ) torpedo tubes . The ship was protected by an armored deck that was up to 1 . 6 in ( 41 mm ) thick her conning tower was armored with the same thickness of steel plate . Service history Aretusa was laid down at the Cantiere navale fratelli Orlando ( Orlando Brothers ' Shipyard ) in Livorno on 1 June 1889 , and was launched on 14 March 1891 . After fitting out work was completed , the ship was commissioned into the fleet on 1 September 1892 . During the 1893 fleet maneuvers , Aretusa served with the 3rd Division of the Reserve Squadron , along with the protected cruisers Vesuvio and Ettore Fieramosca and four torpedo boats . During the maneuvers , which lasted from 6 August to 5 September , the ships of the Reserve Squadron defended against a simulated attack by the Active Squadron , which gamed a French attack on the Italian fleet . In 1895 , Aretusa was stationed in the 2nd Maritime Department , split between Taranto and Naples , along with most of the torpedo cruisers in the Italian fleet . These included her sister ships Partenope , Minerva , Euridice , Iride , Urania , and Caprera , the four Goito class cruisers , and Tripoli . As of 1898 , Aretusa was assigned to the Active Squadron , with included the ironclads Sicilia and Sardegna and two other cruisers . At the start of the Italo Turkish War in September 1911 , Aretusa was stationed in Italian Eritrea in the Red Sea Squadron . Italian naval forces in the region also included five protected cruisers and several smaller vessels . Shortly after the start of the war on 2 October , Aretusa and the gunboat Volturno encountered the Ottoman torpedo cruiser Peyk i evket off Al Hudaydah . In a short engagement , the Italians vessels forced the Ottoman ship to flee into Al Hudaydah , bombarded the port facilities , and then withdrew . Peyk i evket was later interned in British controlled Suez The threat of an Ottoman attack from the Arabian Peninsula led the Italian High Command to reinforce the Red Sea Squadron the additional ships included another cruiser and several destroyers . The protected cruiser Piemonte and two destroyers annihilated a force of seven Ottoman gunboats in the Battle of Kunfuda Bay on 7 January 1912 . Following the neutralization of Ottoman naval forces in the region , Aretusa and the rest of the Italian ships then commenced a bombardment campaign against the Turkish ports in the Red Sea before declaring a blockade of the city of Al Hudaydah on 26 January . On 27 July and 12 August , Aretusa , her sister ship Caprera , and Piemonte conducted two bombardments of Al Hudaydah . During the second attack , they destroyed an Ottoman ammunition dump . With the threat of an Ottoman attack greatly reduced , the High Command thereafter began to withdraw forces from the Red Sea Squadron . By the end of August , the unit was reduced to three protected cruisers , Aretusa , Caprera and two auxiliaries . On 14 October , the Ottoman government agreed to sign a peace treaty , ending the war . Aretusa 's career ended shortly thereafter the Regia Marina discarded the ship in December and she was subsequently broken up for scrap .
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2,231 | Tropical Storm Arthur caused minimal flooding in the Carolinas in mid June 1996 . The first tropical cyclone and named storm of the annual Atlantic hurricane season , Arthur originated from an area of increased convection east of the Bahamas on June 16 . Gradually , the system increased in organization , and was designated as a tropical depression on June 17 . The depression tracked north northwest and became Tropical Storm Arthur while just offshore the Southeastern United States on June 19 . Later that day , Arthur peaked with maximum sustained winds of 45 mph ( 75 km h ) , but weakened slightly before making landfall in North Carolina early the following day . After striking North Carolina , Arthur tracked out to sea and weakened further to a tropical depression . By June 21 , Arthur transitioned into an extratropical cyclone . Overall , impact from Arthur was minimal , limited to light rainfall and moderate surf in North and South Carolina , as well as a tornado in Florida . Total damage amounted to 1 million ( 1996 USD ) , but no fatalities were reported . Oddly enough , 18 years later in 2014 , around the same time , another tropical cyclone with the same name impacted areas very similar to where this tropical storm impacted . Meteorological history On June 16 , satellite imagery revealed an area of increased convection east of the Bahamas , which was believed to have been associated with a tropical wave . On June 17 , the convection increased in organization at the lower levels of the atmosphere . By 1800 UTC , the system had organized sufficiently to be designated as a tropical depression , making it the first of the season . Initially , the depression tracked north northwest under the steering currents of the low level flow around the western periphery of the Atlantic subtropical ridge . Strong wind shear due to fast upper level winds associated with a cold core low over the eastern Gulf of Mexico hindered further intensification for a time , but on June 18 , an area of deep convection developed north of the center of circulation . Based on analysis of reconnaissance data , the tropical depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Arthur at 1900 UTC on June 19 . Further strengthening occurred , as the storm attained peak winds of 45 mph ( 75 km h ) . With time , Arthur gradually turned northeast and made landfall near Cape Lookout , North Carolina early on June 20 . The center moved over the Pamlico Sound and the Cape Hatteras National Seashore and exited into the Atlantic . Although the storm contained minimal deep convection , satellite imagery indicated that Arthur had a well defined low level center . The tropical storm weakened to a tropical depression about 100 mi ( 160 km ) northeast of Cape Hatteras , and accelerated towards the northeast when westerly steering currents increased . Deep convection increased once again on June 21 , although the lack of symmetry indicated that the remnants of Arthur were losing tropical characteristics . Forward speed increased to 40 mph ( 64 km h ) and the storm subsequently lost all tropical characteristics at 1200 UTC on June 21 , while centered about 350 mi ( 560 km ) north northeast of Bermuda . The extratropical remnants tracked northeastward for 36 hours , and were last identified about midway between Newfoundland and the Azores , where it was absorbed by a much larger extratropical cyclone over the North Atlantic . Preparations and impact On June 18 , a tropical storm warning was issued for coastal locations from Edisto Beach , South Carolina to Cape Lookout , North Carolina . Shortly thereafter , a tropical storm watch was issued north of Cape Lookout to the North Carolina Virginia border , including Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds . The tropical storm watch was later extended from the North Carolina Virginia border to Cape Charles , Virginia , including Virginia Beach . By late on June 19 , all advisories were discontinued . One tornado touched down in Florida , causing no known fatalities or injuries . As the center of Arthur passed 75 mi ( 121 km ) east of Cape Romain , South Carolina , minor increases in surf were reported . In North Carolina , swells ranged as high as 7 ft ( 2 . 1 m ) . Rainfall peaked at 5 . 85 inches ( 149 mm ) in Georgetown , South Carolina , though because it fell gradually , no significant flooding was reported , other than minor ponding of water on roads . In addition , Arthur also brought precipitation to Georgia and Virginia , though the amounts of rainfall recorded rarely exceeded 3 inches ( 76 mm ) . Sustained winds of 46 mph ( 74 km h ) were reported , and offshore , the Atlantic Huron reported a sustained wind of 48 mph ( 77 km h ) at 1500 UTC on June 19 , while located 35 mi ( 56 km ) southeast of Arthur 's center . In addition , a C Man station located about 34 . 5 mi ( 55 . 5 km ) southeast of Cape Fear , North Carolina reported sustained winds of 39 mph ( 64 km h ) and gusts up to 45 mph ( 75 km h ) . Overall , damage caused by Arthur was minimal , totaling only 1 million ( 1996 USD ) .
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2,232 | War at the Warfield is a concert video by Slayer which was released on July 29 , 2003 , through American Recordings . Recorded at Warfield Theatre in San Francisco , California , on December 7 , 2001 , it is the band 's second video album . The DVD 's contents were announced by MTV on July 25 , 2003 . It is the last release by Slayer with drummer Paul Bostaph ( before he came back in 2013 ) , who left due to a chronic elbow injury . Bostaph was subsequently replaced by the original Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo . War at the Warfield was well received by critics , debuting at number three on the Billboard DVD chart , and sold over 7 , 000 copies in its first week . It was certified gold for selling over 50 , 000 copies . It also won a 2003 Metal Edge Readers ' Choice Award for DVD of the Year . Recording and release The video was recorded at the Warfield Theatre in San Francisco on December 7 , 2001 , exactly 60 years after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor , ) War at the Warfield was Slayer 's second DVD . Originally set for release on February 11 , 2003 , and later February 13 , 2003 , it was delayed several times , due to unspecified production issues . However , on May 20 , 2003 , it was announced that the release would be on June 17 , 2003 , only to be pushed back once again to July 27 . Before the DVD 's release , Tom Araya commented , I don 't think it 's different than any other Slayer show , you got your kids doing the mosh stuff . They get crazy , they tear the place up . And then you get the one kid that 's tempted to jump off the balcony . Whether he does it or not is another story . When they do , of course they get hurt , but they always insist on staying so they can watch the rest of the show , then they go to the emergency room . On July 25 , 2003 , four days before its release , MTV announced the DVD 's contents . Bostaph 's departure Bostaph gave the band prior knowledge of his willingness to leave before recording the DVD . You gotta understand that the taping of that the Warfield show was two shows before my last show with the band . I haven 't watched it because you kinda go back with your scene ... for the fans , they see a show for me , I see my second to last show with the band , you know what I mean I have it but I needed to get some distance away from the situation and move on with my life . It 's like breaking up with a girlfriend . Bostaph eventually left the band before Christmas due to a chronic elbow injury , saying it would hinder his ability to play . After his departure , Bostaph joined the band Systematic . On December 21 , 2001 , it was announced that the original drummer , Dave Lombardo , would temporarily reclaim his place behind the drums on the next leg of Slayer 's God Hates Us All tour . Bostaph described his time with the band as an unbelievable ride with Slayer , playing with these guys has been an incredible high point in my career , and that he is really grateful for the experience . Reception Released through Universal Music Video Distribution , the DVD entered the Billboard DVD chart at number three , selling over 7 , 000 copies in its first week . On June 2 , 2004 , the DVD was certified gold by the RIAA for more than 50 , 000 shipments in the United States . William Ruhlmann of Allmusic commented that the DVD serves as both a fan 's statement on Slayer and a good representation of the group 's music and performance style . Jon Wiederhorn , an editor for MTV , said that Slayer 's new War at the Warfield DVD isn 't one of those home video concert releases meant to distract fans during a lengthy gap between records the group already has ten songs written for its next LP , which should be out by April . Andy Patrizio of IGN awarded the DVD seven out of ten , mentioning the ferocity and intensity is still there , just a tad slower , and summarising with the statement , if you 're a Slayer fan , or into thrash in general , you 'll love this . If you 're not , this video isn 't going to change your opinion on the music . Patrizio criticized the video 's direction , observing that the camerawork is full of fast , MTV style cuts , which , combined with the flashing lights , is more headache inducing than the music . Track listing Disciple ( Jeff Hanneman , Kerry King ) War Ensemble ( Tom Araya , Hanneman ) Stain of Mind ( Hanneman , King ) New Faith ( King ) Postmortem ( Hanneman ) Raining Blood ( Hanneman , King ) Hell Awaits ( Hanneman , King ) Here Comes the Pain ( King ) Die by the Sword ( Hanneman ) Dittohead ( King ) Bloodline ( Araya , Hanneman , King ) God Send Death ( Araya , Hanneman ) Dead Skin Mask ( Araya , Hanneman ) Seasons in the Abyss ( Araya , Hanneman ) Captor of Sin ( Hanneman , King ) Mandatory Suicide ( Araya , Hanneman , King ) Chemical Warfare ( Hanneman , King ) South of Heaven ( Araya , Hanneman ) Angel of Death ( Hanneman ) Personnel This list of credits can be verified by Allmusic and War at the Warfield 's album notes .
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2,233 | Job Fair is the seventeenth episode of the fourth season of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's seventieth episode overall . Written by Lee Eisenberg and Gene Stupnitsky and directed by Tucker Gates , the episode first aired in the United States on May 8 , 2008 on NBC . The episode featured Trevor Einhorn as a guest star . In the episode , Michael and a few employees go to a high school 's job fair to find a summer intern for Dunder Mifflin . However , very few students seem interested in the internship . Meanwhile , Jim attempts to make an important sale by golfing with a potential client . At first the client claims to be not interested in talking about business , but after much negotiation , Jim lands the sale . Back at the office , Dwight is left in charge . Everyone leaves except his ex girlfriend Angela , leading to an awkward day . Plot After Ryan Howard ( B. J. Novak ) gives Jim Halpert ( John Krasinski ) a warning about his job performance , Jim tries to land his biggest client ever ( Phil Reeves ) . He takes the potential client golfing , bringing along co workers Andy Bernard ( Ed Helms ) and Kevin Malone ( Brian Baumgartner ) . When Jim tries to talk business , the client reveals that he is not interested in switching paper suppliers . But after much persistence and negotiation , Jim lands the account . Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) , Pam Beesly ( Jenna Fischer ) , Oscar Martinez ( Oscar Nunez ) and Darryl Philbin ( Craig Robinson ) set up a booth at a local job fair to find a student for Dunder Mifflin s summer internship but while other companies are prepared and have provided materials and products for their booth , Michael only brought a single white piece of Dunder Mifflin paper . The fair proves unsuccessful , as Michael drives away the only interested student , Justin ( Trevor Einhorn ) because Justin is not cool enough for him . After everyone else either ignores the booth or tells Michael to piss off , Michael tries to recruit Justin as their intern , only for Justin to call Michael out for treating him badly and walk away . Michael then makes such a commotion that the teacher ( Lori Murphy Saux ) calls security and has him removed from the fair . After , Pam ventures to a booth advertising graphic design , where she discovers that she has yet to learn many graphic design programs . The man working at the booth recommends she goes to either Philadelphia or New York City to learn about the graphic design technology . Meanwhile , Michael has left Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) in charge of the office , but none of the employees obey his wishes . When most of the employees leave in the middle of the day , Dwight is left alone except for ex girlfriend Angela Martin ( Angela Kinsey ) , causing the two to interact awkwardly for the rest of the day . When Jim and Pam meet up again in the office , they share two long , passionate kisses having accomplished both of their goals ( Jim making the sale and Pam finding out the next step for her future in graphic design ) . Production This episode was the third episode of the series directed by Tucker Gates . Gates had previously directed the third season episodes Branch Closing and Women 's Appreciation . Job Fair was written by Gene Stupnitsky and Lee Eisenberg . In order to create the blisters that Andy had on his hands during the episode , the make up crew had to use Ben Nye sunburn colors , unk scar making material , and acetone . The process took twenty to thirty minutes , in which the sunburn colors were applied first and the scar making material was applied last . Angela Kinsey was pregnant during shooting . Her character wasn 't pregnant , so items ( such as a copy machine ) were placed between her stomach and the camera to hide her pregnancy . Writer Lee Eisenberg recalled that during editing I asked if we had any wider shots . Both Gene ( Stupnitsky ) and Dave Rogers ( the editor ) reminded me that we were shooting around Angela 's enormous belly . Kinsey later gave birth on May 3 , five days before the episode premiered . Reception Job Fair received 3 . 6 9 in the ages 18 49 demographic in the Nielsen ratings . This means that 3 . 6 percent of all households with an 18 to 49 year old living in it watched the episode , and nine percent had their televisions tuned to the channel at any point . The episode was watched by 7 . 22 million viewers . Reviews for this episode were mixed . Travis Fickett , of IGN , criticized parts of the episode , saying that the situation between Dwight and Angela was played out so minimalist that virtually nothing develops and even though Michael gets up and makes an ass of himself the resolution isn 't much of a pay off . Fickett did say that although this may not be the funniest episode , it shows how the series is capable of subtlety and depth . BuddyTV 's Oscar Dahl thought that Job Fair had some nice moments , but it was a bit lacking in the comedy department . Jay Black , from TV Squad , wrote that Andy stole the show .
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2,234 | The 1991 FA Charity Shield ( also known as the Tennent 's Charity Shield for sponsorship reasons ) was the 69th FA Charity Shield , the annual football match contested by the reigning champions of the Football League First Division and the holders of the FA Cup . It was held at Wembley Stadium , on 10 August 1991 . The game was played between Arsenal , champions of the 1990 91 Football League and Tottenham Hotspur , who beat Nottingham Forest to win the 1991 FA Cup Final . This was Arsenal 's twelfth Charity Shield appearance and Tottenham Hotspur 's sixth . Arsenal began the match the brighter of the two teams , dominating in possession and the number of chances created . Tottenham created their best chance to score in the first half , but struggled to find a breakthrough in the second half , hardly troubling the Arsenal defence . With neither team able to score after 90 minutes , the match ended in a draw , meaning each team held the trophy for six months each . Background Arsenal qualified for the 1991 FA Charity Shield , by virtue of winning the 1990 91 Football League First Division , having lost one match away to Chelsea in the entire campaign . This was the club 's eleventh Charity Shield appearance Arsenal won seven previous shields ( 1930 , 1931 , 1933 , 1934 , 1938 , 1948 , 1953 ) and lost four ( 1935 , 1936 , 1979 , 1989 ) previously . Tottenham Hotspur qualified as holders of the FA Cup , beating Nottingham Forest 2 1 in the 1991 FA Cup Final . They appeared in five previous shields , winning four outright ( 1921 , 1951 , 1961 , 1962 ) , sharing two ( 1967 , 1981 ) and losing two ( 1920 , 1982 ) . The last meeting between both teams was in the FA Cup Tottenham Hotspur won 3 1 in the semi final at Wembley Stadium . Tottenham were the only league opponents to avoid defeat against Arsenal , with neither side scoring in the two matches played . Manager Peter unk noted the importance of the match , given this was a North London derby , but stressed there will be more important objectives this season . This was the first all London encounter in the 83 year history of the Shield . This would be the last time either team was to share the trophy , as new regulations were brought in a year later that allowed for extra time and subsequently a penalty shootout if a draw occurred in normal time . Match Anders Limpar was the main absentee for Arsenal , having sustained a knee injury , on duty for the Swedish national team . David O 'Leary started in place of the injured Steve Bould midfielder David Hillier was selected ahead of Michael Thomas in Limpar 's place on the left wing . Tottenham defender Terry Fenwick , recovered from a double leg break , replaced Justin Edinburgh in the first eleven . Without Paul Gascoigne , injured in the FA Cup final , Tottenham employed a five man midfield with Gary Lineker as the sole striker . Summary Arsenal began brightly in front of a crowd of 65 , 483 , creating the first chance of the match in the 17th minute . Paul Davis set up striker Kevin Campbell , who hooked the ball high over goal . Four minutes later , Alan Smith headed the ball into the goal net , meeting a cross from Paul Merson it was ruled out by referee Terry Holbrook for offside . Tottenham improved shortly after , with Gary unk heading the ball directly at Arsenal goalkeeper David Seaman to create their first chance of the match . Their best opportunity to score was in the 36th minute . Vinny unk set up Gary Lineker to break past the Arsenal defence . Having nudged the ball past Tony Adams , Lineker looked up , before making a cross for unk to head the shot was acrobatically saved by Seaman 's right foot . Early in the second half , Tottenham 's Pat van den Hauwe was cautioned by Holbrook for getting tangled with Arsenal 's David Rocastle , in spite Rocastle indicating that the player used an elbow a bookable offence . Moments after , Rocastle was shown a yellow card for attempting to get his own back on Van Den Hauwe , by tackling the player without intent . Van Den Hauwe was later booked for a wild challenge on Lee Dixon . Arsenal dominated possession during the second half , with Tottenham infrequently troubling their opponent 's defence and relying on counterattacks to fashion goal scoring chances . Smith had a chance saved in the 75th minute by goalkeeper Erik unk , when the ball was back passed across the penalty area by Steve Sedgley . In the final seconds of the match substitute Andrew Cole , who had replaced Campbell , shot from 20 yards and into the side netting . Details Statistics Post match Despite the draw , unk was content with his team 's performance . He believed the new 4 5 1 formation deployed in the match was the system which suits us best , but admitted the midfield needed to do more to support Lineker upfront . Arsenal manager George Graham agreed that his team played below their usual standard in the first half , accepting that his team needed to work on ... finishing to make use of their territorial advantage .
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2,235 | One Voice is the debut album by British boy soprano Andrew Johnston , who rose to fame in 2008 after his appearance on the second series of Britain 's Got Talent . The album was released on 29 September 2008 by Syco Music , Britain 's Got Talent judge Simon Cowell 's record label . Recorded in London , the album features both classical and popular songs , some of which had been previously performed by Johnston , including a duet with Faryl Smith . Johnston made a number of media appearances to publicise the album 's launch , and appeared in his hometown of Carlisle on the day of the release , where the album sold out . Upon release , One Voice debuted at number five in the British album charts , finishing the week at number four . It also charted in Ireland , reaching number six . Critics responded positively to the album , favourably comparing Johnston to Aled Jones , and One Voice was rated gold in the UK . Background Johnston first rose to fame when he tried out for the second series of reality show Britain 's Got Talent . Johnston reached the final , held on 31 May 2008 , and finished in third place . Despite this , it was announced that he had been signed by judge Simon Cowell 's label Syco Music in June , and that his debut album would be released in late 2008 . It was on the show that Johnston first performed a rendition of Pie Jesu , later described as the song that made him famous , as well as a cover of Eric Clapton 's Tears in Heaven . Both of these songs were recorded for One Voice , and so was a duet of Walking in the Air with fellow contestant Faryl Smith , first performed on the Britain 's Got Talent Live Tour . Recording and release The album was recorded immediately after Johnston finished the Britain 's Got Talent live tour over a six week period in London . The track listing , which contained both religious and popular songs , was chosen by Cowell Johnston said I hadn 't sung many of the tracks before . But I knew them all and , anyway , I like a challenge . Johnston described recording the album as great , and said All I ve ever wanted to do is go into a studio and record an album and it was everything I ve ever dreamed of . Johnson recorded Walking in the Air as a duet with fellow Britain 's Got Talent contestant Faryl Smith , and the song was tipped as a potential Christmas number one . The recording was finished by September 2008 , after which Johnston began to make appearances to publicise the release , including appearances on GMTV , Channel 5 News , BBC Breakfast , This Morning and Radio 2 's Friday Night Is Music Night . In preparation for the album 's promotion , Johnston received confidence tutoring . He said that I 've got no confidence and sometimes people get on at me for being moody so I 've had some help with that . Johnston also received vocal training from Yvie Burnett , who was , at the time , coaching Leona Lewis and Leon Jackson , and with whom Smith trained during Britain 's Got Talent . The album was produced by Nigel Wright . The release of One Voice was highly anticipated , and demand was so great that it charted on both Amazon 's pre sales chart and the easy listening chart before its release . The album was released on 29 September , later than first announced , and was Syco 's first release in the fourth quarter . Johnston made an appearance at the city centre Woolworths store in his home town of Carlisle to celebrate the album launch on 1 October , and spoke to reporters for the local paper The Cumberland News , saying I am really grateful to my local supporters and it is great to take part in my first signing here in Carlisle . In February 2009 , the album was released in South Korea . Reception and performance Critics responded positively to the album . Writing for the United Kingdom 's Daily Express , Robert Spellman said that anyone missing Aled Jones since nature had its way will lap up Andrew 's butter wouldn 't melt renditions of Pie Jesu , Agnus Dei and One Voice . Kate Leaver , writing for South Korea 's JoongAng Daily , said Johnston has truer talent than hoards of his musical elders and that the vulnerability of this One Voice makes for a haunting musical experience . One Voice entered the UK Album Chart at number five , and finished the week at number four . It stayed in the top 75 for five weeks . Demand for the album in Johnston 's local area was so great that many Carlisle stores had sold out of the album the day after its release . In an interview published in the Daily Record , Johnston said Thanks to everyone that has bought the album . You 've made my dreams come true . The album has sold over 120 , 000 copies , and was rated gold in the UK . Johnston was presented a gold disk by Penny Smith , and said that it was such a surprise to see how well the album did . The album also charted in the Irish Album Charts , entering at ten , peaking at six and spending a total of seven weeks in the top 75 . Credits Choir Music Production and publicity Track listing
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2,236 | New York State Route 221 ( NY 221 ) is a state highway in Cortland County , New York , in the United States . Its western terminus is at an intersection with NY 38 in the town of Harford . The eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 26 and NY 41 in the town of Willet . Near its western end , NY 221 intersects New York State Route 200 . Together , NY 200 and NY 221 form a loop route off NY 38 between the hamlets of Harford and Harford Mills within the town of Harford . NY 221 originally followed modern NY 200 and ended at U.S. Route 11 ( US 11 ) in Marathon when it was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York . It was extended to its present length by the following year and realigned to serve Harford later in the decade . NY 200 was assigned in the 1940s . Route description NY 221 begins at an intersection with NY 38 in the town of Harford . The route progresses northward through a small hamlet , crossing the Owego and Harford Railway and serving a mobile home park . At the intersection with Owego Hill Road , NY 221 turns eastward as a two lane road , where the route changes backdrops into a more rural and residential mix . After about a mile , the route intersects with NY 200 , a 1 . 37 mile long ( 2 . 20 km ) route that connects NY 221 back to NY 38 and the hamlet of Harford Mills . At this junction , NY 221 turns north once again , while NY 200 begins on the former right of way used by NY 221 . The surroundings remain the same as the route continues , turning to the northeast , and soon east at the junction at County Route 131 ( CR 131 Babcock Hollow Road ) . The rural road bends to the southeast gradually , entering the town of Lapeer , turning east again until it meets CR 133 ( Clarks Corner Road ) . The highway soon reverts to a southeast direction , passing to the north of Beaver Pond and the county line , while NY 221 enters the hamlet of Hunts Corners and intersects with CR 136 ( Jennings Creek Road ) . Here , NY 221 changes direction again , following a northeasterly path out of the hamlet . It bypasses the nearby hamlet of Clarks Corner and soon intersects with the eastern terminus of CR 133 , which gives way to NY 221 as the state road merges with the east west county highway . NY 221 continues on an eastward track into the town of Marathon , where it descends into the Tioughnioga River valley and enters the village of Marathon . Within the village , the route gains the West Main Street moniker and heads through a mix of residential and commercial areas . NY 221 crosses intersections with CR unk and CR 134B and passes the former Marathon railroad depot before crossing the New York , Susquehanna and Western Railway and the Tioughnioga River in the center of the community . After crossing the river , the renamed Main Street heads northeast through the village , intersecting with US 11 ( Cortland Street ) just ahead of an interchange with Interstate 81 ( I 81 ) at the latter 's exit 9 . After the exit from I 81 , NY 221 reenters another rural area and turns eastward past Dean Pond . After intersecting with CR unk ( Texas Valley Road ) and CR unk ( Merrill Creek Road ) , NY 221 crosses Merrill Creek and winds through farmland . Entering the town of Willet , NY 221 crosses the southern terminus of CR 167 ( Bloody Pond Road ) and makes a gradual curve to the north while intersecting with CR 169 ( Landers Corners Road ) . NY 221 continues north to the hamlet of Willet , where it ends at an intersection with NY 26 and NY 41 . History The state of New York assumed maintenance of two highways linking the hamlets of Harford and Harford Mills one directly connecting the two and a second , more circuitous route to the east in the early 20th century . The direct route and most of the loop road were improved to state highway standards as part of a project contracted out on October 16 , 1914 , and were added to the state highway system on December 10 , 1915 , as State Highway 1075 ( SH 1075 ) . Each end of SH 1075 connected to the segment of the loop route between modern NY 38 and Owego Hill Road , which was rebuilt as part of an earlier project awarded on September 19 , 1906 , and included in the state highway system on July 5 , 1908 , as SH 379 . Both designations are unsigned and used only for inventory purposes . In the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York , the south half of the loop road became part of NY 221 , a new route extending from NY 38 at Harford Mills to US 11 in the village of Marathon . NY 221 was extended east to its current eastern terminus in Willet by the following year . The portion of the route between the Harford loop road and Willet utilized a highway added to the state highway system sometime after 1926 . NY 221 was rerouted to follow its current alignment to the hamlet of Harford in the mid 1930s , and its former routing to Harford Mills was redesignated as NY 200 in the 1940s . Major intersections NY 221 The entire route is in Cortland County . NY 200 The entire route is in Harford , Cortland County .
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2,237 | Maryland Route 228 ( MD 228 ) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland . Known as Berry Road , the state highway runs 6 . 88 miles ( 11 . 07 km ) from MD 210 in Accokeek east to U.S. Route 301 ( US 301 ) and MD 5 Business in Waldorf . MD 228 , which is a four lane divided highway for its entire length , is a major commuter route between southwestern Prince George 's County and northern Charles County . In conjunction with MD 210 , the state highway serves as an alternative to US 301 and MD 5 as a route to Washington from Southern Maryland . MD 228 also serves as part of the connection , again via MD 210 , between Waldorf and Indian Head Naval Surface Warfare Center . MD 228 did not originally connect Waldorf with Accokeek instead , the state highway headed west from Waldorf and turned south near the Prince George 's Charles county line , following what is now MD 229 to Pomfret . The state highway was built from Pomfret to Berry in the late 1920s . MD 228 was completed between Berry and Waldorf in the mid 1930s . MD 228 was expanded to a divided highway in Charles County and extended into Prince George 's County in the mid 1990s . In 2000 , the Prince George 's County section of the state highway was reconstructed as a divided highway west to the MD 210 intersection , which was rebuilt as the second continuous flow intersection in the U.S. Route description MD 228 begins at a continuous flow intersection with MD 210 ( Indian Head Highway ) in Accokeek . Three lanes leave southbound MD 210 and intersect northbound MD 210 . A short distance to the southeast , those lanes intersect a single lane from westbound MD 228 to southbound MD 210 that lane intersects northbound MD 210 to the northwest . The two lanes from westbound MD 228 seamlessly join northbound MD 210 , while a single lane ramp from northbound MD 210 joins eastbound MD 228 . The auxiliary lanes from the continuous flow intersection merge into the state highway 's four lane divided profile before intersecting Manning Road East ( unsigned MD unk ) , which serves a shopping center to the west and the historic home Bellevue to the east . MD 228 heads east through a forested area , intersecting Bealle Hill Road ( unsigned MD unk ) immediately before crossing over Mattawoman Creek into Charles County . On the east side of the stream crossing , the state highway intersects MD 229 ( unk Road ) , the old alignment of MD 228 . MD 228 continues east between residential subdivisions along the northern tier of Charles County . The state highway crosses Piney Branch , a tributary of Mattawoman Creek , and passes the highway 's old alignment of Bunker Hill Road to the south in the hamlet of Berry . MD 228 curves to the southeast after passing Ironwood Drive and enters Waldorf . At Western Parkway , a county maintained suburban boulevard that parallels US 301 to the west through Waldorf , MD 228 gains continuous right turn lanes in both directions and enters a commercial area . The state highway reaches its eastern terminus at US 301 ( Robert Crain Highway ) . The roadway continues on the east side of the intersection as MD 5 Business ( Leonardtown Road ) , which heads southeast through the center of Waldorf before intersecting MD 5 on the east side of town . MD 228 is a part of the main National Highway System for its entire length . History MD 228 originally included unk Road and Berry Road east of the highway 's modern intersection with MD 229 . The two named roads met at a defunct intersection with Bealle Hill Road south of Mattawoman Creek . A 15 foot ( 4 . 6 m ) wide gravel road was constructed from MD 227 in Pomfret to unk in 1925 and 1926 . The highway was extended to the crossing of Piney Branch in 1927 and to Berry in 1928 . MD 228 was constructed west from MD 3 ( later US 301 and now MD 925 ) to Hamilton Road ( now Western Parkway ) in 1933 . The state highway was completed in 1936 when the gap between Berry and Hamilton Road was filled . The Berry Road portion of MD 228 was reconstructed in 1958 and 1959 , leaving behind Bunker Hill Road as an old alignment . The reconstruction of MD 228 in its modern form and course began in the early 1990s . The state highway was expanded to a divided highway from US 301 west to unk Road in Berry in 1993 . MD 228 was extended into Prince George 's County on a pair of new bridges over Mattawoman Creek in 1995 . The divided highway extended to just west of a new intersection with Bealle Hill Road the state highway continued west as a two lane road to a standard intersection with MD 210 . unk Road was renumbered as MD 229 by 1997 . The MD 228 divided highway was extended west to MD 210 and the MD 228 MD 210 junction was reconstructed as a continuous flow intersection in 2000 . That intersection became the second continuous flow intersection in the U.S. Junction list Auxiliary route MD unk is the designation for a 0 . 16 mile ( 0 . 26 km ) section of Bealle Hill Road immediately to the north of the highway 's intersection with MD 228 just west of Mattawoman Creek in Accokeek .
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2,238 | Antrodia serialiformis is a species of polypore fungus in the family unk . The fungus is resupinate , consisting of a fertile spore bearing pore surface lying flat on the underside of decaying wood , although one or more fan shaped overlapping caps may also be formed . Although quite common in the eastern United States , it was not recognized as a distinct species until 2009 , owing to its resemblance to the closely related Antrodia serialis . Differences in ecology , spore size , and DNA sequences distinguish the two lookalikes . Taxonomy Antrodia serialiformis was described as a new species by Ji unk and Josef Vlask in the journal Mycotaxon in 2009 . The publication resulted from research conducted by unk for his 2009 work on ecology and taxonomy of polypores , a PhD dissertation conducted under the supervision of Vlask . The holotype material was collected from Wissahickon Creek Park ( Philadelphia ) in 2008 the species description is based on collections made from 2001 2008 . Vlask had first noted the presence of the species and its similarity to the common European species Antrodia serialiformis in a 2004 publication . The degree of variability between the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions Antrodia serialiformis and A. serialis confirm that the two species are genetically distinct . The specific epithet serialiformis refers to its resemblance to A. serialis ( the Latin adjective unk derives from forma , meaning having the form of ) . Molecular analysis shows that Antrodia unk , A. unk , A. unk , and A. unk are closely related species . Description The perennial fruit bodies of A. serialiformis are unk reflexed ( that is , on a vertical surface that is partially lying flat on the substrate with the hymenium covering the upper surface , and partially unk ) . In its upper part it has small caps that are often elongated along the growing surface , up to 20 mm ( 0 . 8 in ) or more in length , with a tough texture . The individual caps , which reach dimensions of up to 10 by 20 mm ( 0 . 4 by 0 . 8 in ) by 7 mm ( 0 . 3 in ) , have roughly horizontal upper surfaces that are velvety , and brownish with a narrow white margin . On the underside of the cap , the pore surface is initially white , but turns dirty brown as it matures . The individual pores are round and small , numbering from 3 to 4 per millimeter . The tubes are the same color as the pore surface , and up to 5 mm ( 0 . 2 in ) deep . The flesh is white and up to 1 mm thick . Fruit bodies are often infested with microlepidoptera species , which causes the pore surface to be powdery . Antrodia serialiformis has a dimitic hyphal system , meaning that predominantly two types of hyphae comprise the fruit body . The generative hyphae ( relatively undifferentiated hyphae that can develop reproductive structures ) are thin walled , with clamp connections , and are 2 3 m wide . The skeletal hyphae ( thick walled and long ) predominate they are hyaline ( translucent ) , straight , and 2 5 m in width . Cystidia are absent , and cystidioles ( cells in the hymenium about the same size as the basidia , but remaining sterile ) are inconspicuous . The basidia are club shaped , four spored , and have a clamp connection at their bases they measure 12 18 by 4 6 m . The thin walled spores are ellipsoid to somewhat tapered at both ends , hyaline , inamyloid ( non staining in Melzer 's reagent ) , and measure 4 . 5 5 . 5 by 2 2 . 3 m . Mycelial cultures and compatibility tests Grown on agar plates , the mycelia of A. serialiformis and A. serialis have identical chemical reactivity , and are rather similar in appearance , although the authors note that the former 's was more cottony than the latter 's . The authors mated several combinations of North American collections using vegetative compatibility tests , and confirmed the presence of different mating alleles indicating that all of the North American collections represented a single species . Similar pairings performed between North American and European collections showed the species to be incompatible , and therefore distinct . Similar species Antrodia serialiformis is similar in appearance to A. serialis , but the latter has larger spores ( 6 . 3 8 by 2 . 2 3 . 3 m ) . The two can be distinguished in the field by their substrate preferences while A. serialis usually fruits on coniferous wood , A. serialiformis grows strictly on old unk oak trunks . Habitat and distribution The fungus grows on lying oak logs in Pennsylvania , Maryland , Virginia , North Carolina , and Tennessee . However , owing to its similarity with Antrodia serialis , it is likely the two have been confused in the past , and so the true limits of its distribution are unclear . The authors suggests that it probably occurs in other southeastern states of the US as well , and consider it one of the most common polypore species in the eastern USA . A. serialiformis is sometimes found together with the much rarer Antrodia oleracea , a grayish , strictly resupinate species .
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2,239 | Hurricane Tara , also known as Cyclone Tara , was one of the deadliest Pacific hurricanes on record . The final tropical cyclone of the 1961 Pacific hurricane season , Tara formed on November 10 about 230 mi ( 365 km ) off the coast of Mexico . It strengthened to reach maximum sustained winds of 85 mph ( 140 km h ) before making landfall in the Mexican state of Guerrero near Zihuatanejo . Hurricane Tara dissipated on November 12 , bringing heavy rainfall and strong winds to locations inundated by 10 days of precipitation . Damage was light in the major port city of Acapulco , though further west along the coast , the effects of Tara were much worse . The city of Nuxco in Tecpn de Galeana municipality received the most damage and deaths from the hurricane . Throughout Mexico , at least 436 fatalities were reported , and damage exceeded 16 million ( 1961 USD , 115 million 2009 USD ) . Meteorological history On November 9 , a weak circulation remained nearly stationary off the coast of Acapulco , Mexico . It did not have significant convection , although it organized enough to be considered a tropical cyclone at 0000 UTC on November 10 , about 230 mi ( 365 km ) off the coast of Mexico . By the afternoon of the 10th , it was a tropical depression moving northeastward toward the coastline . Tara intensified , reaching hurricane status and its peak intensity of 85 mph ( 140 km h ) late on November 11 . Early on November 12 , Hurricane Tara made landfall near Zihuatanejo , Guerrero , between Acapulco and Manzanillo , near where Hurricane Iva moved ashore five months earlier . Continuing inland , it was last observed at 1200 UTC on November 12 . At the time , it was known as Cyclone Tara , as the term cyclone was the more common equivalent for hurricane in the region . Impact and aftermath Hurricane Tara caused severe damage in southern Guerrero where it moved ashore , wrecking at least 10 communities . Heavy rainfall from Tara exacerbated flooding in the area , which was caused by ten days of precipitation preceding the hurricane the heavy rainfall contaminated drinking water . Strong waves killed a surfer in the Acapulco area . In the city , low lying areas were inundated with water , causing in excess of 1 million in damage ( 1961 USD ) . In nearby Tecpn de Galeana , the hurricane killed 116 people , and dozens more were killed in other close villages . Elsewhere in Guerrero , the coastal highway between Acapulco and Zihuatanejo received heavy damage , which later hampered relief efforts the highway was a priority for storm repairs , with crews working continuously for several days to restore the vital link . Many deaths were reported in coastal towns of Guerrero , although exact death tolls were initially unknown , with many of the towns covered in mud . People received little warning of the hurricane , and many people died while sleeping . In addition , thousands were left homeless by the storm . According to radio reports , a hurricane related waterspout wrecked the city of Nuxco , although the damage was later described as flooding from a lagoon 225 deaths were reported in Nuxco . Food supplies were depleted in some coastal communities , forcing residents to rely on coconuts that were downed during the hurricane . Overall crop damage in Mexico was unofficially estimated at 16 million ( 1961 USD , 115 million 2009 USD ) . By two days after the storm , the government of Mexico sent two airplanes to Acapulco , where the food , clothing , and medicine were distributed by truck or helicopter to the affected areas . The Mexican government arranged plans to drop food and medical aid into isolated villages , although food supplies were initially insufficient for the great number of people affected by the storm . Five army units and three helicopters were sent to the region to assist in the aftermath , although planes encountered difficulties in landing due to flooded runways . Army soldiers were responsible for rescue operations , while paratroopers were sent to the most affected areas to distribute aid . Despite fears of the spread of disease in the aftermath , prompt work by medical officials prevented any epidemics due to the storm . The exact death toll was unknown , but believed to be several hundred . About two days after the storm , the official death toll was more than 80 . By three days after the storm , the toll rose to 190 , and by four days after it made landfall , the official total was 290 deaths officials estimated the toll could have exceeded 500 . Due to downed communications , reports of storm fatalities were slow to spread , though news became more rapid as links were repaired . On November 19 , a week after the storm struck , the Mexican Army set the final death toll at 436 deaths , with 300 missing the death toll was later reported by the United States Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance in 1993 . Overall , Hurricane Tara was the deadliest disaster in 1961 , as well as the third deadliest Mexico Pacific hurricane on record , after a hurricane in 1959 and Hurricane Liza in 1976 .
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2,240 | Skarnsund Bridge ( Norwegian Skarnsundet unk or unk ) is a 1 , 010 metre ( 3 , 310 ft ) long concrete cable stayed bridge that crosses the Skarnsundet sound , in Indery , Norway . When finished in 1991 , it replaced the Vangshylla Kjerringvik Ferry and it gives the communities in Mosvik and Leksvik easier access to the central areas of Innherred . The bridge is the only road crossing of the Trondheimsfjord , and is located on Norwegian County Road 755 . The bridge has a span of 530 metres ( 1 , 739 ft ) , making it the longest of its type in the world for two years . The two 152 metre ( 499 ft ) tall pylons are located at Kjerringvik in Mosvik on the west side , and at Vangshylla in Indery on the east side . Following the opening , there was a seventeen year collection of tolls , needed to finance 30 of the NOK 200 million investment . In 2007 , the bridge was listed as a cultural heritage . Background Prior to its 2012 merger with Indery , Mosvik was a separate municipality on the Fosen peninsula and part of Nord Trndelag county . The first automotive transport from Mosvik to the more populated area of Innherred commenced in 1958 , when the ferry company Innherredsferja started the Levanger Hokstad Vangshylla Kjerringvik Venneshamn route . In 1964 , the road between Kjerringvik and unk , both in Mosvik , opened , and a new ferry was purchased , establishing the Vangshylla Kjerringvik Ferry . The ferry , and subsequently the bridge , is located at the narrowest section of Skarnsundet , between the villages of Kjerringvik and Vangshylla . In addition to Mosvik , the bridge also caters for the larger municipality Leksvik , further out along the fjord . The bridge is the only one to cross the Trondheimsfjord . History The first meeting of local commercial and political interests to establish a bridge was made in 1972 . By 1983 , it was formalized by the establishment of the company AS unk to finance construction . The Parliament of Norway passed the plans in 1986 , and construction started two years later . The main contractor was Aker and after the bridge was finished , maintenance was taken over by the Nord Trndelag Public Roads Administration . The bridge cost NOK 200 million . The bridge was opened by King Harald V on 19 December 1991 , after he had taken the last ferry across the fjord . A monument , the King 's Stone , bearing the signature of the king , is located at the resting place on the Mosvik side . Following the opening , it won several awards Betongtavlen ( 1992 ) Beautiful Roads Award ( 1994 ) and the international FIP Award ( 1994 ) . In 2008 , the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage listed the bridge as a protected cultural heritage . In 2010 , the bridge came in second in a competition held by Teknisk Ukeblad to declare Norway 's most beautiful road bridge . Specifications The bridge is one of the world 's longest cable stayed bridges , with a length of 1 , 010 metres ( 3 , 310 ft ) . The span is 530 metres ( 1 , 740 ft ) , while the two towers are 152 metres ( 499 ft ) above sea level . The deck is 2 . 15 metres ( 7 . 1 ft ) deep , and 13 metres ( 43 ft ) wide , with two lanes for automobiles and one for pedestrians and bicycles . It is the longest concrete cable stayed span . The sailing height is 45 metres ( 148 ft ) . The bridge was , on its completion , the longest cable stayed bridge in the world by the length of main span , but has since lost the title . The original construction work also included 1 . 6 kilometres ( 1 . 0 mi ) of new road , including a resting place on the Mosvik side . In the construction of the bridge , 19 , 600 cubic metres ( 25 , 600 cu yd ) concrete was used and the 208 cables , with a total length of 33 kilometres ( 21 mi ) , weighed 1 , 030 tonnes ( 1 , 010 long tons 1 , 140 short tons ) . The cables have diameters varying between 52 and 85 millimetres ( 2 . 0 and 3 . 3 in ) and can , if needed , be replaced separately . The bridge 's foundations are bedrock below the seabed under each tower . The bridge was built to withstand winds up to 48 . 5 metres per second ( 159 ft s ) ( century storms ) and has been designed to withstand earthquakes . Financing Toll collection started the day after the opening , and lasted until 24 May 2007 . Seventy percent of the costs were to be covered by the state , and thirty percent through toll fees . The debt was borrowed by the private company that was given a concession to operate a toll plaza on the Indery side . Including interest , NOK 80 million was collected , and the bridge was paid off three years before schedule . The unk based company was disestablished following the closure of the plaza . Until only a few years before the closing , it was the only toll plaza in Nord Trndelag . There were several price increases during the toll period . The bridge was free for pedestrians and cyclists , but all motor vehicles were charged , although discounts were available for frequent travelers . The plaza was manned , and did not take into use Autopass , like many other plazas .
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2,241 | Hurricane Norbert marked the first time a core of a hurricane was fully mapped in three dimensions . First forming on September 14 , 1984 west of the Mexican coast , Norbert gradually intensified , reaching hurricane intensity two days after formation . On September 22 , Norbert peaked in strength as a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale . While intensifying , Norbert meandered . It moved east , then north , then west , then south , then back towards the east , and finally towards the northeast . After fluctuating in intensity for two more days , Norbert rapidly weakened . It turned towards the northwest and made landfall in southern Baja California Norte as a tropical storm . The combination of Norbert and several other storms left thousands homeless throughout Mexico . The remnants of Hurricane Norbert produced moderate rain over Arizona . Meteorological history A tropical depression first developed on September 14 over the Pacific Ocean west of the Mexican coast . Six hours later , the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Norbert . Gradually strengthening , Norbert meandered in the weak steering currents for several days . The rate of intensification accelerated early on September 16 , and shortly thereafter Norbert became a hurricane . On September 17 , Norbert turned from the east to the north , and upon attaining Category 2 status on the Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale at 1800 UTC the next day , Norbert began to turn back to the west . Several hours later , Norbert was upgraded to a major hurricane ( Category 3 or higher ) . While maintaining its intensity for two and a half days , Norbert then turned to the south and after slight strengthening , back to the east . At 0000 UTC , September 21 , Norbert reached its peak intensity of 130 mph ( 210 km h ) . Meanwhile , a deep layer ridge over the Rocky Mountains was replaced by an upper level trough , which extended south of Cabo San Lucas . This change in the steering patterns caused Hurricane Norbert to eventually turn to the northwest . Norbert fluctuated in intensity six hours after its peak Norbert weakened back into a Category 3 hurricane , only to regain Category 4 strength on three separate occasions during the next 48 hours . On September 23 , a Hurricane Hunter aircraft was flown into Norbert and measured a 9 . 9 mi ( 15 . 9 km ) eye and a closed eyewall . On September 24 , while located 300 mi ( 480 km ) south southwest of Cabo San Lucas , Norbert re intensified into a Category 4 hurricane for the fourth time . Another aircraft reconnaissance flew into the hurricane and observed that the heaviest precipitation was located east of the center of circulation . It also had an asymmetrical wind field . Repeated penetrations were made into the eyewall , and scientists mapped the storm 's three dimensional ( 3 D ) wind field . This marked the first time that the core of a hurricane was completely mapped in 3 D. The aircraft was also equipped with Doppler weather radar . Although the hurricane 's motion accelerated , by 0000 UTC September 25 , Norbert was only a mid level Category 2 hurricane . Later that day , the third and final Hurricane Hunter aircraft flew into Hurricane Norbert , finding a larger eye than the first flight , with a diameter of 16 mi ( 26 km ) . After weakening back into a tropical storm early on September 26 , the system moved ashore near Point Abreojos in the central portion of the Baja California Peninsula while a high end tropical storm . While the Monthly Weather Review suggests that the cyclone dissipated on September 27 over the peninsula , it was last noted as a tropical depression over Arizona thus becoming one of the eight tropical cyclones to survive into the state . Preparations and impact Hurricane Norbert was described as big and ugly by meteorologists . Planes were advised to use caution while navigating in the area . The Mazatlan government marine operator warned shipping to exercise extreme caution from Jalisco to Baja California Sur . The Eastern Pacific Hurricane Center noted the possibility of heavy rains and flooding across portions of the Baja California Peninsula . Throughout Mexico , a combination of Norbert and several other storms left many people without a home and hotels nearly empty . Scattered and light rainfall fell across portions of Baja California Norte and Sonora , with rainfalls totals of 2 . 38 in ( 60 mm ) and 2 . 44 in ( 62 mm ) at Bento Juarez and unk San unk respectively . In all , rainfall data was reported at 284 locations across Mexico . Upon entering Arizona , sustained winds of 20 to 30 mph ( 30 to 50 km h ) were recorded in the Tucson metropolitan area . Due to its rapid motion , only moderate rainfall occurred throughout south central to northeast Arizona , with most locations reporting between 1 to 2 in ( 25 to 51 mm ) of rain . However , Kitt Peak reported a 30 hour storm rainfall total of 4 . 15 in ( 105 mm ) . Lower than normal pressures were also recorded . Across New Mexico , flash flood warnings were posted due to heavy rainfall .
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2,242 | Trading Places is a song by American recording artist Usher . Released on October 17 , 2008 as the fifth and final single from his fifth studio album Here I Stand , Usher wrote the song with The Dream and Carlos Los Da Mystro McKinney . Produced by McKinney , it is a slow tempo R B number with hip hop influences , and focuses on an idea of role reversal in a relationship . The song received mixed reviews from critics its production drew differing opinions . It appeared on the US Billboard Hot 100 and Hot R B Hip Hop Songs , peaking at numbers forty five and four , respectively . A music video was filmed for the song , which demonstrated intimate sexual scenes , and promoted Usher 's lingerie line . Usher performed Trading Places on both his One Night Stand Ladies Only Tour ( 2008 ) and OMG Tour ( 2010 11 ) . Background and composition Trading Places was written by The Dream , Carlos Los Da Mystro McKinney and Usher , and produced by McKinney , while Jaycen Joshua mixed the record . The song was recorded at Music Line Studio , Triangle Sound Studios and Chalice Recording Studios , and was released on October 17 , 2008 . Trading Places is a slow tempo R B ballad , and contains influences of hip hop music . McKinney used the drums that appear in J. Holiday 's Bed Trading Places also uses guitar instrumentation . The theme of the song surrounds role reversal in a relationship , predominantly in sexual situations , with its hook consisting of the lyrics , I 'm always on the top , tonight I 'm on the bottom ' cause we trading places . Usher described the song 's idea as wishful thinking for all men to have a woman who takes control and compliments us the way we compliment them , and Steve Jones of USA Today saw the song as a way for Usher to satisfy his inner freak ... within the confines of marriage . Angela Barrett of Rap Up noted Trading Places as a male version of Cater 2 U ( 2004 ) by Destiny 's Child . Reception Digital Spy 's David Balls gave Trading Places three out of five stars , and wrote that the song 's lyrics may be verging on the sickly , but Usher just about gets away with it . Mark Edward Nero of About.com called it all around excellent the vocals , production and ( especially the ) lyrics all excel . Andy Kellman from Allmusic said that the song was the best of the small handful of brow raising moments on Here I Stand . IGN 's Chad Grischow criticized the song 's production , calling it a muddled mess . Chart performance Trading Places debuted on the United States Billboard Hot 100 at number one hundred on November 15 , 2008 . The next week it moved ten places to number ninety . The song peaked in its seventh charting week , when it reached number forty five on the final chart of 2008 . Trading Places fell off the Hot 100 after seventeen weeks . The song was more successful on the Billboard Hot R B Hip Hop Songs chart , where it entered at number ninety six . On January 3 , 2009 , it climbed to its high position of number four , and slipped off the chart in April 2009 after thirty three weeks . Music video The music video for Trading Places was shot on September 9 , 2008 in Venice , Los Angeles , and was directed by Chris Robinson . Of the video 's concept Usher said , We wanted to do something ... very hot and very forward thinking . The video also serves as his media to introduce his new line of lingerie , with his love interest in the video wearing some designs . In the video Usher and his love interest simulate sexual intercourse , with the woman maintaining dominance , echoing the song 's theme . Interspersed are scenes of him playing the song on a transparent piano , sitting in a chair singing and dancing against a brick backdrop . In some of the sex scenes the camera is rotated 180 degrees , so that an illusion is given from Usher being on the top to being on the bottom . Live performances Usher performed Trading Places along with Here I Stand and What 's Your Name at the warmup concert for the 2008 National Football League Kickoff game on September 4 . Usher sang the song on his 2008 One Night Stand Ladies Only tour . He began the song seated at a grand piano , while a female backup dancer removed Usher 's shirt and , while wearing the shirt herself , lay on top of the piano . He also performed Trading Places on his international OMG Tour , which commenced in November 2010 , and concluded in June 2011 . During the performance , he calls a female fan from the audience and sings to her as they dance seductively . This resulted in a mishap during a December 2010 performance at the Madison Square Garden when a fan tried to swing her foot over Usher but accidentally kicked him in the head . At the Glendale , Arizona show , he called American Idol season six winner Jordin Sparks onto the stage to perform the number with him . At one of the London dates , English singer Alesha Dixon accompanied him onstage for the performance . Track listings Personnel Source Charts
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2,243 | The M16 Multiple Gun Motor Carriage , also known as the M16 Half track , was an American self propelled anti aircraft weapon built during World War II . It was equipped with four 0 . 5 inch ( 12 . 7 mm ) M2 Browning machine guns in a M45 Quadmount . 2700 were produced by White Motor Company from May 1943 to March 1944 , with 568 M13 unk and 109 T10 Half tracks being converted into M16s as well . The chassis was derived from the T1E2 chassis , an earlier version of the M13 . Based on an M3 Half track chassis , it replaced the M13 MGMC half track after early 1944 . As aircraft became more advanced , the usefulness of the M16 was reduced . In the Korean War , it was relegated primarily to the ground support role , being put out of service in the U.S. Army in 1951 . Nicknamed the Meat Chopper , the M16 was famous for downing low flying aircraft , making it extremely popular with soldiers . It was used by the United States Army , the British Commonwealth , and South Korea . A similar version of the M16 , the M17 , was based on the M5 Half track and exported via Lend Lease to the Soviet Union . Specifications The specifications of the M16 were similar to those of the M3 Half track . It was 21 ft 4 in ( 6 . 5 m ) long ( with a wheelbase of 135 . 5 in ( 3 . 44 m ) ) , 7 ft 1 in ( 2 . 16 m ) wide , and 7 ft 8 in ( 2 . 34 m ) high and weighed 9 . 9 short tons ( 9 t ) . It had suspension consisting of vertical volute spring suspension for the tracks and leaf springs for the wheels . It was powered by a 128 horsepower ( 95 kW ) White 160AX 386 cubic inch ( 6 , 300 cc ) 6 cylinder gasoline engine . It had a compression ratio of 6 . 3 1 and a 60 US gallon ( 230 l ) fuel tank . It could reach a top speed of 41 . 7 mph ( 67 . 1 km h ) and a range of 175 miles ( 282 km ) and a power to weight ratio of 15 . 8 horsepower per tonne . It had a main armament of four 0 . 5 in ( 12 . 7 mm ) machine guns in a M45 Quadmount and 12 millimeters of armor on the front and the sides . Development The M16 was an improvement on the twin .50 caliber M2 Browning heavy machine gun equipped M13 MGMC and M14 MGMC ( built on an M3 and M5 Half track chassis respectively ) . It was based on an earlier model of the M13 ( the T1E2 ) , but the M33 Maxson mount was replaced with the M45 Quadmount and the M2 Half track chassis was replaced by the M3 chassis . This prototype was originally designated as the unk MGMC , but after trials at Aberdeen it was accepted as the M16 Multiple Gun Motor Carriage . A few corrections were made on a pilot vehicle in early 1943 ( including the addition of a gun shield ) before production started . A total of 2 , 877 were produced by the White Motor Company during the period from May 1943 to March 1944 , while 568 unk and 109 T10 Half tracks were also converted into M16s . Further production of the M13 and M14 was ceased in favor of production of the M16 and M17 ( an M16 built on a M5 Half track chassis ) . Service history The M16 Multiple Gun Carriage entered service in early 1944 , with the M13 taken out of action soon after . The M16 was nicknamed The Meat Chopper for its deadly firepower , and was extremely popular with troops . In addition to its anti aircraft role , the M16 was used in an infantry support role , frequently accompanied by the M15 Half track . The M17 MGMC primarily served with the Soviet Union as part of Operation Bagration and a few other battles . The M16 saw service with U.S. forces in the Italian Campaign , and Operation Overlord , the Battle of unk , and the Ardennes Offensive in northern Europe . Small numbers were supplied to the United Kingdom and France under Lend Lease . The vehicle was also used widely in the Korean War by the South Korean army , the United States Marine Corps , and the U.S. Army . As aircraft became more advanced over the M16 's lifetime , its role as a mobile anti aircraft weapon became limited . During the Korean War , it served mainly in the ground support role , at which it was highly effective . In late 1951 , it was declared as limited standard and largely taken out of service from the U.S. Army in Korea , although a few examples served until the end of the war . It was declared obsolete by the U.S. Army in 1958 . Operators United States United States Army , U.S. Marine Corps United Kingdom Two received through the Lend Lease program Free French Forces Seventy received through the Lend Lease program Wehrmacht Captured from the U.S. Japan Ground Self Defense Force Lent by the U.S. Republic of Korea Army Lent by the U.S. Variants M16 A T1E2 with a unk Quad mount and a M3 Half track chassis . unk An M16 with a M3A1 Half track chassis equipped the M45F Quad mount . unk M16s with the unk Quad mount replaced with the M45F Quad mount . M17 MGMC M5 Half tracks with the M45F Quad mount supplied under Lend Lease to the USSR . A total of 1 , 000 were produced by International Harvester from December 1943 to March 1944 . Up to half of the Soviet Union 's air defense forces consisted of unk .
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2,244 | Fragile is a song by American hip hop recording artist Tech N9ne , taken from his thirteenth studio album Something Else ( 2013 ) . Fragile was released on July 17 , 2013 as the album 's second single . It was produced by Mayday , Daniel Keys Perez and unk unk Valencia . The song features a guest verse from fellow American rapper Kendrick Lamar , and the chorus is sung by Mayday and Kendall Morgan . Fragile details each rappers disdain for music journalists and their criticism of their music . Ironically , the song was met with generally positive reviews from music critics . A music video was released on February 9 , 2014 featuring the artists rapping and singing in an abandoned warehouse . The song peaked at numbers 23 and 38 on the US Billboard Hot Rap Songs and Hot R B Hip Hop Songs charts . Background On July 17 , 2013 , Fragile featuring Kendrick Lamar , Mayday and Kendall Morgan was premiered via Complex . Following its premiere the song was made available for purchase with the iTunes pre order for Something Else , also being released to Amazon.com as the album 's second official single . The song was inspired by Max Bell , a writer for LA Weekly who referred to Tech N9ne 's Paid Dues performance as gimmicky and redundant . He would later thank the writer during an interview , for giving him the inspiration to make the song . The song details each rapper 's disdain for media criticism , as they address the critics and journalists that write about their music . Both artists rap with rapid fire , aggressive verses , while unk and unk of Mayday and Kendall Morgan both sing the song 's chorus . Writing and production The song 's composition begun after Strange Music label mate Mayday sent Tech N9ne the song with their and Kendall Morgan 's vocals on it . He said the introspective chorus made him take a moment to reflect on his own rhymes . He detailed himself creating his verse saying , After I wrote my verse , it was my second show in Seattle . We did two shows , because I sold out both shows . There was like 2 , 000 the first night , and another 2 , 000 on the second night . So it was like , ' Whoa , we sold out both shows ' I was already tired from the night before , and we already had booked the studio time in Seattle . I went there , and I finished the last four bars of the verse I wrote . I wrote most of the verse the first eight bars on bus . It was getting closer to the show , and I wrote the last four bars at the studio because , our meet and greets aren t an hour anymore . There s like 300 people or 400 people , so you re there until 6 pm now instead of 3 or 4 . Now we got to go the studio , and I gotta be on stage at 9 pm , so it s coming down to the wire I still have to eat and whatnot . But I did it , and after I did it , I m like , ' Ooh , the verse is elite . ' Following him writing his own verse , Tech N9ne decided he wanted another major rapper on the song after him . He stated , It was already elite , so I needed somebody who could come after me , and there aren t too many who can do it . After contemplating over which rapper would be featured on the song , even sending the song to Eminem with hopes he would get on the song , Tech N9ne decided to feature American rapper Kendrick Lamar on the song . This song would be Tech N9ne and Lamar 's second collaboration . The song 's production was created by Mayday , unk unk Valencia , and Danny Keys Perez . The instrumental is based around a brokenhearted guitar and piano based beat , along with a simple drum pattern for the verses , before escalating with keys and guitar riffs for the hook . Critical reception Fragile was met with generally positive reviews from music critics . unk Graham of HipHopDX said , Fragile finds Tech N9ne and Kendrick Lamar annihilating a clear cut beat through their bars with a concise delivery , while expressing disdain for critics . And Kendall Morgan s emotive vocals entice the track making it a contender for best on the album . Steve Jones of USA Today also named it one of the album 's best songs . Sha Be Allah of The Source called the song a slow tempo , rimshot driven track blessed with lyrics from arguably the best of the underground and mainstream . David Jeffries of AllMusic stated , Fragile ups the album artistically with jazz club ambience and the great Kendrick Lamar as guest star . Jonathan Sawyer of unk said , the song is impressive all the way around . From the instrumentation to the hook provided by Morgan and Mayday to the spitfire verses from Tech N9ne and Kendrick , this is easily one of the standouts from N9ne 's forthcoming Something Else album . Music video On December 3 , 2013 , Tech N9ne shot the music video for Fragile with director Anthony unk . Kendrick Lamar , unk and unk of Mayday and Kendall Morgan were all present in their respective roles . On February 9 , 2014 , the music video was released for Fragile . The video features the artists rapping and singing in an abandoned warehouse . Charts
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2,245 | BabyFirst is a media company that produces and distributes content for babies through television , the internet and mobile apps . The content is intended to develop a baby 's skills , such as color recognition , counting and vocabulary . There are about 90 BabyFirst TV shows and 41 apps for mobile devices . As of 2014 , the network is distributed to 81 million homes , and is based in Los Angeles , California . BabyFirst was founded in 2004 by Guy Oranim and Sharon unk . Its first broadcast was through DirecTV in 2006 . It was founded by Regency Enterprises , unk , and unk Capital . Distribution expanded through agreements with the unk Dish Network , Comcast , AT T U verse and others . It also developed a premium BabyFirst YouTube channel , and mobile apps . One app developed with AT T U verse allows babies to interact with the television programming by drawing on a mobile device . History Origins BabyFirst was founded in 2004 by Guy Oranim and Sharon unk . The network was launched on May 11 , 2006 on DirecTV and was later made available through EchoStar 's Dish Network that June . It was made available through EchoStar 's Dish Network that June . The BabyFirst network is based in Los Angeles and was initially funded by Regency Enterprises ( a Hollywood movie studio ) , unk ( a holding company ) and unk Capital ( a private fund ) . BabyFirst was controversial when it was introduced , because it was the first 24 hour channel for children six months to three years in age . However , the channel was popular among parents and grew quickly . Distribution expansion In 2007 , BabyFirst obtained agreements to distribute the channel in the United Kingdom through the BSkyB satellite network as well as in Mexico through Sky Mexico and Cablevision . A French version was introduced with unk in 2007 . By the end of 2007 , it had arranged broadcasting agreements throughout Europe , the Middle East and Canada among others . BabyFirst also started broadcasting in ten territories in the Asia Pacific , such as China and Korea . In October 2008 , unk started distributing the channel to the Singapore audience . It was also being broadcast in Africa and Latin America . In May 2008 , it signed a distribution agreement with Time Warner Cable . In 2009 , HBO Asia became the exclusive distributor for the channel in Asia . A bilingual Latin English channel , BabyFirst Americas , was launched with Comcast in 2012 . A premium BabyFirst YouTube channel was introduced in June 2013 . In the early 2000s , the Federal Trade Commission responded to a complaint by the Campaign for a Commercial Free Childhood alleging that BabyFirst 's advertising that it helped babies develop skills was misleading . The FTC did not impose any sanctions . As of 2014 , it has 81 million viewers and is broadcast in 33 countries , in ten languages . Recent history In 2013 , former ABC Network President Steven McPherson and Rich Frank , the former chairman of Disney Channel became investors and board members as the company worked to develop new content and improve advertising revenues . In May 2014 , BabyFirst and AT T U verse released a co developed second screen app for mobile devices that allows children to interact with the television programming through tablets or smartphones . Programming BabyFirst 's television channel provides 24 hour programming for babies . About 90 percent of the 90 shows BabyFirst produces are original content created at BabyFirst 's studios . It produces and broadcasts short videos three to five minutes in length that are either live action or animated . The New York Times described the content as decidedly unhurried and said it makes extensive use of bright colors and upbeat music . Programming development is guided by child psychology experts and is designed to encourage a child 's skills development , such as counting , vocabulary and color recognition . The BabyFirst logo in the corner changes colors to indicate the skills a segment is intended to develop . Late night programming is intended to lull viewers to sleep . There are also 41 BabyFirst apps for mobile devices . An app available to AT T U verse viewers allows children to draw on a mobile device and have the drawing appear on the television screen . Some experts argue that exposing children to television at such an early age is taking technology too far or that parents are using BabyFirst as a digital babysitter . Parents in turn refute that argument , claiming that experts have lost touch with the realities of raising a child . BabyFirst suggests the programming is intended to be watched by parents and their children together in an interactive way . The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends against exposing children under the age of two to television , while a 2003 study by the Kaiser Family Foundation found that most children under two years of age are already watching TV . According to The Washington Post , very little is known about whether young children watching television has a negative or positive effect on them .
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2,246 | The Tay Whale , known locally as The Monster , was a humpback whale that swam into the Firth of Tay of eastern Scotland in 1883 . It was harpooned in a hunt , but escaped , and was found floating dead off Stonehaven a week later . It was towed into Dundee by a showman , John Woods , and exhibited on a train tour of Scotland and England . The Regius Professor of Anatomy at Aberdeen University , John Struthers dissected the whale , much of the time in public with a military band playing in the background , organised by Woods . The decomposing whale made Woods a great deal of money , and Struthers famous . William McGonagall wrote an infamously bad poem about the events . History In December 1883 , a humpback whale appeared in the Firth of Tay off the shore of Dundee , at that time the country 's major whaling port , and attracted much local interest . The whalers normally hunted in the Arctic , but as the whaling boats were in harbour for the winter , some of the whalers decided to hunt this animal in their own waters . After several failed attempts , they harpooned the humpback on 31 December 1883 . It was a strong male , and it towed two rowing boats and two steamboats as far as Montrose and then to the Firth of Forth . After a struggle that lasted all night , the harpoon lines broke and the whale escaped . A week later the whale was found dead , floating out at sea . It was towed to Stonehaven and dragged onto the beach . John Struthers , the Regius professor of Anatomy at Aberdeen , quickly visited the carcass , recording it as 40 feet long with flukes measuring 11 feet 4 inches . A local entrepreneur , John Woods , bought the whale and had it transported to his yard in Dundee . On the first Sunday that it was there , 12 , 000 people paid to see it . The local newspaper , the Dundee Courier , published at least 21 stories on the Tay Whale between 12 November 1883 and 11 January 1884 . The headlines included Appearance of a Whale in the River 12 November Whale Hunting in the Tay 16 November Return of the Whale to the Tay 21 November On the Trail of the Whale 7 December Christmas Greeting from the Whale 25 December The Whale Interviewed by his Mother on his Exploits in the River Tay ( poem ) 27 December The Whale Hunt in the Tay . Exciting Chase 1 January The Whale Hunt in the Tay . Escape of the Whale 2 January The Runaway Whale 4 January The Tay Whale Found Dead 8 January The Whale 's Corpus 9 January The Recovered Whale at Stonehaven . Sale of the Monster to a Dundee Man 11 January Finally on 25 January 1884 , when the whale was too badly decomposed for further public exhibition , Struthers was allowed to come and dissect the famous specimen . He was well used to working on stinking carcasses his dissecting room was reputed to stink like the deck of a Greenland whaler . He had two assistants but the dissection was disturbed by John Woods , who admitted the public , for a fee , to watch the dissection in progress , while a military band played in the background . There were snow showers , but Struthers was able to remove much of the skeleton before Woods had the flesh embalmed the carcass was then stuffed and sewn up to be taken on a profitable tour as far as Edinburgh and London . Finally on 7 August 1884 Struthers was able to remove the skull and the rest of the skeleton . Struthers eventually wrote seven anatomy articles over the next decade on the whale , and ultimately published a complete monograph on it in 1889 , entitled Memoir on the Anatomy of the Humpback Whale , Megaptera unk . In 2011 , the whale 's skeleton was displayed in the McManus Galleries in Dundee . Fame for anatomist Struthers became popularly famous for his dissection of the Tay Whale , his largest specimen . It was one of a wide range of specimens of many species that he energetically collected to form a museum of zoology , to illustrate Darwin 's theories . Fame in doggerel The whale became so famous that the doggerel poet William Topaz McGonagall ( 1825 1902 ) wrote a notably bad poem , The Famous Tay Whale , about it . Two of the verses run And my opinion is that God sent the whale in time of need , No matter what other people may think or what is their creed I know fishermen in general are often very poor And God in His goodness sent it to drive poverty from their door . So Mr. John Wood has bought it for two hundred and twenty six pound , And has brought it to Dundee all safe and all sound Which measures forty feet in length from the snout to the tail , So I advise the people far and near to see it without fail . This was not the only piece of doggerel verse about the whale , as a poet signing himself Spectator published The Whale Interviewed by his Mother on his Exploits in the River Tay in the Dundee Courier , with verses such as Oh why went you there , my son , my son , Within the range of their banging gun Fear not , mother , twas only a lark , I reckoned they would shoot wide of the mark . Anatomical drawings of the Tay Whale by John Struthers
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2,247 | Jaime I was the third and final member of the Espaa class of dreadnought battleships of the Spanish Navy . She had two sister ships , Espaa and Alfonso XIII . Jaime I was built by the SECN shipyard she was laid down in February 1912 , launched in September 1914 , and completed in December 1921 . She was armed with a main battery of eight 12 inch ( 305 mm ) guns and could steam at a speed of 19 . 5 knots ( 36 . 1 km h 22 . 4 mph ) . Jaime I served in the Spanish fleet from 1921 to 1937 . She and her sisters participated in the Rif War , where they provided gunfire support to Spanish Army forces . During the conflict , she was damaged by a rebel coastal battery . The ship served with the Republicans during the Spanish Civil War . Nationalist bombers attacked the ship twice and on 17 June 1937 , she was destroyed by an accidental explosion . The wreck was later raised and scrapped . Technical characteristics Jaime I was 132 . 6 m ( 435 ft ) long at the waterline and 140 m ( 460 ft ) long overall . She had a beam of 24 m ( 79 ft ) and a draft of 7 . 8 m ( 26 ft ) her freeboard was 15 ft ( 4 . 6 m ) amidships . Her propulsion system consisted of four shaft Parsons steam turbines and twelve Yarrow boilers . The engines were rated at 15 , 500 shaft horsepower ( 11 , 600 kW ) and produced a top speed of 19 . 5 knots ( 36 . 1 km h 22 . 4 mph ) . Jaime I had a cruising radius of 5 , 000 nautical miles ( 9 , 300 km 5 , 800 mi ) at a speed of 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . Her crew consisted of 854 officers and enlisted men . Jaime I was armed with a main battery of eight 305 mm ( 12 . 0 in ) 50 guns , mounted in four twin gun turrets . One turret was placed forward , two were positioned en echelon amidships , and the fourth was aft of the superstructure . This mounting scheme was chosen in preference to superimposed turrets , as was done in the South Carolinas , to save weight and cost . Her secondary battery consisted of twenty 102 mm ( 4 . 0 in ) guns mounted in casemates along the length of the hull . They were too close to the waterline , however , which made them unusable in heavy seas . She was also armed with four 3 pounder guns and two machine guns . Her armored belt was 203 mm ( 8 . 0 in ) thick amidships the main battery turrets were protected with the same amount of armor plate . The conning tower had 254 mm ( 10 . 0 in ) thick sides . Her armored deck was 38 mm ( 1 . 5 in ) thick . Service history Jaime I was laid down at the Sociedad Espaola de Construccin Naval shipyard in Ferrol on 5 February 1912 . She was launched on 21 September 1914 , less than two months after the start of World War I. Spain remained neutral during the conflict , but because Britain supplied much of the armament and other building materials , work on Jaime I was considerably delayed . The ship was ready to go to sea by 1917 , but she was not completed until well after the end of the war work was finally finished on 20 December 1921 . Upon her completion , she joined her two sister ships in the 1st Squadron of the Spanish fleet . Jaime I saw action against insurgents in Morocco in the Rif War during the early 1920s along with her two sisters . Rif insurgents operating a coastal battery damaged the ship in 1924 . She fought with the Spanish Republican Navy in the Spanish Civil War . At the outbreak of the Nationalist revolt , wireless operators in the navy headquarters Madrid intercepted radio messages from General Francisco Franco to rebels in Morocco . They alerted the crews aboard Jaime I and other ships , who mutinied against their rebellious officers and ensured the ships would remain under Republican control . The vessels were nevertheless crippled by poor discipline for some time , as they had murdered many of their officers , and distrusted those that were not killed . On the first months of the war , Jaime I shelled a number of rebel strongholds , among them Ceuta , Melilla and Algeciras . In Algeciras she hit with her secondary armament the Nationalist gunboat Eduardo Dato , which was burned down to the waterline , although she was later repaired and returned to service . During the Civil War , Jaime I was damaged by a Nationalist air attack at Mlaga on 13 August 1936 a single , small bomb struck the ship in the bow and caused minimal damage . On 21 May 1937 , she was attacked again while in drydock at Cartagena for repairs after a recent grounding . Three bombs hit the ship , that again caused only minor damage . On 17 June , while at Cartagena , she was wrecked by an accidental internal explosion and fire , although sabotage is suspected . She was refloated , but determined to be beyond repair . She was officially discarded on 3 July 1939 , and broken up in 1941 . In 1940 , the all the guns were recovered , the front and rear twin turrets were used in the Gibraltar strait coastal defense batteries D9 and D10 , El unk and unk respectively , near Tarifa . Abandoned in 1985 , the twin turrets and canons are still in unk but under degradation . All the other guns were placed en single mounts in several locations
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2,248 | Cyclone Cilla ( RSMC Nadi designation 10F , JTWC designation 13P ) was a tropical cyclone that brought minor damage several islands in the South Pacific in January 2003 . The fifth cyclone of the 2002 03 South Pacific cyclone season , Cyclone Cilla developed from a monsoon trough on January 26 northwest of Fiji . Initially , Cilla moved east , and due to decreased wind shear , Cilla was able to intensify . On January 28 , Cilla reached its peak intensity of 75 km h ( 45 mph ) . After slightly weakening , Cilla briefly re intensified the next day . However , Cilla transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on January 30 . Along its path , Cilla dropped heavy rainfall over islands it passed . During its formative stages , the low dropped heavy rain over Fiji , which had already been effected by Cyclone Ami two weeks prior . Damage in Tonga was mostly limited to vegetation and fruit trees infrastructural damage was also relatively minor . Cilla also brought moderate rain to American Samoa . Meteorological history On January 25 , 2003 , a low pressure area formed within a monsoon trough about 300 mi ( 485 km ) northwest of Fiji and moved to the east southeast . That morning , the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ( JTWC ) began to issue warnings on the system , designating it as unk . Shortly thereafter , Cilla turned southeast hours later in the general direction of Tonga Early on January 26 , RSMC Nadi designated the low as Tropical Depression unk , after attaining 10 minute sustained winds of 35 mph ( 55 km h ) . At the time , the slow moving system had a poorly defined center of circulation that was hard to identify via radar and satellite imagery . In addition , most of the deep thunderstorm activity was displaced to the north and southeast of the center . Later that morning , the JTWC reported winds of 35 mph ( 55 km h ) however , the depression did not become any better organized throughout the day . Early the next day , RSMC Nadi upgraded the tropical depression to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian intensity scale and named it Cilla . By 0600 UTC January 27 , the JTWC reported that Cilla had attained 1 minute sustained winds of 40 mph ( 65 km h ) , which according to JTWC data , was its peak intensity . Subsequently , Cilla turned east southeast . Throughout the day , wind shear conditions lessened further however , shower activity separated from the center , prompting the JTWC to issue its last warning on Tropical Cyclone Cilla later that day . At 2100 UTC January 27 , RMSC Nadi remarked that the cyclone had become better organized . Upon attaining peak intensity , the storm passed fairly closed to Tonga . At 0600 UTC January 28 , Cilla reached its peak intensity , with 10 minute sustained winds of 45 mph ( 70 km h ) per RMSC Nadi . At this time , the tropical cyclone was located about 400 mi ( 645 km ) south southeast of Pago Pago . Rapidly moving , Cilla showed baroclinic characteristics , hinting that the system was a hybrid low , sustaining characteristics of both tropical and nontropical cyclones . According to RMSC Nadi , Cilla weakened slightly as the storm lost organization due to increased wind shear . On January 29 , thunderstorm activity once again increased in converge around the center , though at first , the convection was sheared at times . On 0000 UTC , Dvorak satellite intensity estimates yielded a 3 . 0 , suggesting a tropical cyclone with 10 minute winds of 45 mph ( 70 km h ) , Cilla 's secondary peak intensity . Satellite images indicated a banding pattern associated with the cyclone . The JTWC briefly watched this system for regeneration , noting it had a fair chance . However , continued wind shear began to weaken Cilla , and by 1200 UTC on January 29 , Cilla was reduced to a tropical depression just before the system turned south southeast . With the center exposed from the deep convection , Tropical Depression Cilla transitioned into an extratropical cyclone at 1100 UTC the next day , on January 30 . The extratropical cyclone completely dissipated two days later . Impact and aftermath As a tropical depression , Cilla passed over Vanua Levu . Even though the region had been severely affected by Cyclone Ami two weeks earlier , flood waters that resulted from rains associated with the cyclone quickly receded due to the storm 's rapid motion . When Cilla first posed a threat to Tonga , the Fiji Meteorological Service ( FMS ) issued a tropical cyclone alert for the entire island chain . Damage in Tonga was mostly limited to vegetation and coconut and banana trees damage to infrastructure was minor . Peak winds of 32 mph ( 51 km h ) and peak gusts of 67 mph ( 108 km h ) were recorded in Ha 'apai . Power was lost on unk for about three hours during the night of January 27 . Communications services were also affected but restored on January 28 . Cilla also affected the American Samoa , providing moderate rainfall over the area , peaking at 2 . 21 in ( 56 mm ) in unk . The name Cilla was retired by the World Meteorological Organization after the season .
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2,249 | Fool in Love is a song by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna , from the deluxe edition of her sixth studio album Talk That Talk ( 2011 ) . The song was written by Ester Dean , Lukasz Gottwald , Henry Walter . Production was helmed by Lukasz Gottwald , Cirkut and Dean . Musically , Fool in Love is a rhapsodic ballad , and instrumentation consists of acoustic and electric guitars , synthesizers and drums . The lyrics revolve around Rihanna being the protagonist , and how she has met a relatively good man who her parents do not approve of , but requests that they accept her decision to be with him due to their love for each other , despite familial concerns . It received comparisons to Queen 's Bohemian Rhapsody and Britney Spears ' Criminal . The song 's composition , production and vocal performance was acclaimed by music critics , however , some criticized its lyrics . Upon the release of Talk That Talk , Fool in Love debuted on the South Korea Gaon International Chart at number 70 , with digital sales of 6 , 536 downloads . It also charted on the UK R B Chart at number 35 and on the UK Singles Chart at number 123 . Composition and lyrics Fool in Love was written and produced by Ester Dean , Dr. Luke , and Cirkut . As noted by Katherine St Asaph of Popdust and Amy Sciarretto of Popcrush , the opening lyrics of Fool in Love feature close similarities to that of Queen 's Bohemian Rhapsody ( A Night at the Opera , 1975 ) , with regard to the opening lyric Mama , I found a man . Amy Sciaretto from PopCrush , as well as St Asaph , compared the song 's composition to Britney Spears ' Criminal ( Femme Fatale , 2011 ) , with regard to how Fool in Love ' s instrumental begins with panning synths and acoustic guitar , with Sciaretto agreeing that only Ri unk could make that juxtaposition work . Fool in Love also features a single and double guitar sequence toward the end of the song , which begins with one electric guitar being played and begins to incorporate a second , creating a twinned effect , before the song descends into a prolonged fade at the end . Musically , Fool in Love is a rhapsodic ballad , which incorporates acoustic and electric guitars , synthesizers and drums . Lyrically , Rihanna tells of how she has met a relatively good man who her parents do not approve of , but requests that they accept her decision to be with him due to their love for each other , despite familial concerns . Rihanna insists that she is in love , singing Papa he 's quite a man , he adores me He 's my biggest fan . She then claims that he has taken a hold over her , singing We 're too far down the hole He 's got a hold on my soul . Rihanna 's vocal performance in the song was described as the singer 's biggest ornamented song by Robert Everett Green of The Globe and Mail , as well as noting that the singer emotes a sense of fatality in her vocals during the bass sequences in the song . Fool in Love displays Rihanna emoting a vulnerable style of singing , due to the lyrical content and mood in the song , which can be heard in the lyrics Papa , are you ashamed of how your little girl turned out due to how the singer feels as though her parents are disappointed in her choice of man . Robert Copsey for Digital Spy commented that Rihanna appeared to be channelling Madonna on the song . Critical reception Critical reception towards the song was mostly positive . Robert Copsey from Digital Spy commended the balladry on Talk That Talk , paying particular attention to Fool in Love and Farewell , writing anyone questioning her motives need only hear ballads ' Farewell ' and ' Fool in Love ' to find out not only does she have a heart , but she 's without doubt been putting all of it into these past six years . Robert Everett Green for The Globe and Mail praised the song , writing Fool in Love rings down the curtain with a towering anthem that somehow squeezes fresh feeling from a tired lyrical concept . Katherine St Asaph for Popdust unk a mixed response to Fool in Love , giving the song three and a half stars out of five and writing that it is so bad it 's good . St unk praised Fool in Love ' s composition and musical influences , but criticized the song as not providing dynamic variety amongst Talk That Talk 's material . Cover versions In October 2012 , British R B singer Iyaz released a cover version of Fool in Love . Credits and personnel Credits adapted from the liner notes of Talk That Talk . Recording Recorded at unk Studios , Los Angeles , California , and at unk Studio , Brentwood , California . Mixed at MixStar Studios , Virginia Beach , Virginia . Personnel Charts Upon the release of Talk That Talk , Fool in Love debuted on the South Korea Gaon International Chart at number 70 on November 26 , 2011 , with sales of 6 , 536 digital downloads . In the United Kingdom , the song debuted at number 35 on the UK R B Chart on November 27 , 2011 . It also debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 123 in the chart issue December 3 , 2011 .
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2,250 | King 's Highway 60 , commonly referred to as Highway 60 , is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario . The 255 . 8 kilometre ( 158 . 9 mi ) highway serves as the primary corridor through Algonquin Provincial Park , where it is dedicated as the Frank McDougall Parkway . East of Algonquin Park , the route serves east west traffic in the highlands of central Ontario . It begins at Highway 11 in Huntsville and ends at Highway 17 near Renfrew . Highway 60 was designated in 1937 between Huntsville and Lake Dore , near where it met Highway 41 . During the 1940s , the route shared a common termini with Highway 41 at Golden Lake . When Highway 41 was extended north to Pembroke in 1957 , Highway 60 was routed along it between Golden Lake and Eganville . It was extended east to Highway 17 in downtown Renfrew circa 1961 . It was extended further east when Highway 17 was rerouted around Renfrew in 1977 , establishing the current route . Route description Highway 60 begins at an interchange with Highway 11 in Huntsville . It crosses through central Ontario in a generally east west orientation . The triangle shaped area bounded by Highways 11 , 17 and 60 is largely uninhabited wilderness dotted with lakes and muskeg . West of Huntsville , Highway 60 meanders east then south through the northeastern corner of Muskoka District , meeting Highway 35 at Dwight . It travels northeast from there , briefly passing through Haliburton County before crossing into Nipissing District and entering Algonquin Park . An Ontario Parks visitor 's permit is not required to drive through Algonquin Park . However , one is required for the use of any trails , campgrounds , the Visitor Centre , or similar facilities within the park boundary . Moose and deer are very common through Algonquin , especially at night and in the morning , and present a major driving hazard . The 56 kilometre ( 35 mi ) journey through Algonquin Park offers some of the most famous scenery in Canada , including vistas of numerous lakes and geological formations that have been captured in the arts of Group of Seven painter Tom Thomson among others . The park is considered the most important place in Canada for biological and environmental research . Highway 60 exits the park in the Township of South Algonquin travelling south into Whitney , curving east and intersecting Highway 127 . Beyond Highway 127 , it passes through the Madawaska Highlands , following the historic unk Line . It passes through Madawaska , encountering Secondary Highway 523 , then curves southeast into Renfrew County . The route enters Barry 's Bay , where it turns east and meets the southern leg of former Highway 62 , where a concurrency with it began prior to 1998 . After passing through Wilno , the route curves northeast around Killaloe , intersecting the northern leg of former Highway 62 and Highway 512 . Continuing around Golden Lake and through the village of the same name , Highway 60 travels southeast into the Ottawa Valley towards Eganville , where it has a 3 . 9 kilometres ( 2 . 4 mi ) concurrency with Highway 41 . For the remainder of the route , the highway travels near the unk River . It continues east then south to Douglas , where drivers must turn northeast to continue along the highway . Highway 60 slowly curves southeast before entering the town of Renfrew , where it is known as Stewart Street , Bridge Street , Raglan Street South , Veterans Memorial Boulevard and O 'Brien Road . It encounters the eastern terminus of Highway 132 before curving east to end at Highway 17 on the outskirts of the town . History Highway 60 was assumed on April 1 , 1937 , when the Department of Northern Development was amalgamated by the Department of Highways ( DHO ) . At that time , the highway ended in Lake Dore , north of Eganville and was 218 . 2 km ( 135 . 6 mi ) long . Highway 41 travelled along the portion of what is now Highway 60 between Eganville and Golden Lake . The route was shortened by 16 . 9 kilometres ( 10 . 5 mi ) to create a shared terminus with Highway 41 between 1942 and 1949 . On April 11 , 1957 , the Eganville Pembroke Road was assumed as an extension of Highway 41 , with the former portion of the route between Eganville and Golden Lake being renumbered as part of Highway 60 . Highway 60 was extended to Highway 17 near Rosebank , north of Renfrew , circa 1961 . With the construction of the Renfrew Bypass , which began in June 1974 , and was completed in 1977 , the section of Highway 17 between O 'Brien Road east of Renfrew and Haley Road north of Haley Station was renumbered as an extension of Highway 60 , establishing the current route of the highway . In 1976 , the section through Algonquin Park was dedicated in honour of the 35 years of service by Frank Archibald MacDougall ten years as park superintendent and 25 as Deputy Minister of Lands and Forests . It is signed as the Frank MacDougall Parkway . Major intersections The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 60 , as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario .
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2,251 | Yes I Am a Long Way from Home is the opening track on the Scottish post rock band Mogwai 's 1997 debut album , Mogwai Young Team . It was primarily composed by the band 's bassist , Dominic Aitchison , prior to the 1997 Mogwai Young Team recording sessions . The song features electric guitar , bass guitar , drum kit , organ , and glockenspiel , bookended by sampled monologues from friends of the band . It is an example of the predominantly electric guitar based genre the band employed at the time featuring quiet , clean sections contrasting with loud , distorted sections , sometimes connected with crescendos and unk . This dynamic contrast was referred to by the band as serious guitar music . Yes I Am a Long Way from Home received a positive reception from music journalists , with album reviews focusing mainly on the effectiveness of the dynamic contrast featured within the song , the band 's usage of instrumentation , and the track 's overall representation of the band 's genre at the time . Origins and recording The first live performance documented of Yes I Am a Long Way from Home was on 6 April 1997 at Highbury Garage in London the band 's first show promoting the Ten Rapid ( Collected Recordings 1996 1997 ) compilation album . This performance , as well as several other performances of the track throughout 1997 , was instrumental . During this period , Yes I Am a Long Way from Home sometimes went under the title of New Dom . The song took its title from an exclamation from Lee Cohen , a Chicagoan friend of the band , at Brighton in May 1997 . The band recorded Yes I Am a Long Way from Home during the Mogwai Young Team sessions from July to August 1997 at MCM Studios in Hamilton , South Lanarkshire , Scotland , where the band had previously recorded the majority of their earlier material . The song was produced by Mogwai and Paul Savage , who handled production and mixing duties on the bulk of the band 's previous recordings . Musical composition Yes I Am a Long Way from Home is 5 minutes 58 seconds long , in the key of A major , in 4 4 time . The song begins with an organ pedal point of an A note , accompanied by a recording of a monologue passage from a Bergen Student Newspaper , being recited by Mari Myren , referring to when Mogwai played a show on 15 March 1997 at the Hulen , in Bergen , Norway . Myren describes the band 's music as bigger than words and wider than pictures and states that If the stars had a sound , it would sound like this . The sound of clapping is heard , followed at ( 0 54 ) , by a bassline . This is joined at ( 1 09 ) by a soft drumbeat and a clean , two note guitar melody , based around the chord of A major . At ( 1 31 ) , the guitars and bass guitar modulate to the relative minor chord , F minor , and D major , and play alternate melody , before returning to the main melody . This is repeated until ( 2 32 ) , when the drumbeat gradually fades out , leaving only the ride cymbal keeping the beat , and the guitars , which repeat a melody based around the chord of A major , using harmonics . At ( 3 11 ) , the bass guitar joins in , followed by the drum kit , building to a gradual crescendo , eventually climaxing at ( 3 42 ) into a distortion laden chord progression , using the chords F minor , D major , and A major . At ( 3 46 ) , a guitar solo is played over these chords . This continues until ( 5 09 ) , after all instruments have faded out except for the tremolo laden feedback of the guitar . Release and reception During professional reviews , Yes I Am a Long Way from Home received largely positive reception . Ian Mathers of Stylus Magazine described the song as gorgeous , moving from a gentle beginning to a series of shattering crescendos , also noting that it describes almost all of Mogwai s music at this stage of their career . David Wilson of The Daily Nebraskan described the song as having low key harmonics and a delicate melody , followed by a blistering shard of explosive distortion bursting out of nowhere , noting that the dynamic contrast within the song , sets the seesaw pace for the whole record . Lee Harvey of Vox also referred to the dynamic contrast , noting that it goads and entices you with gentle percussion , leaving you helpless before the surge of sky swallowing guitars that follows . Scott Irvine of unk described it as a standout track , also noting the track alone is worth checking out 1997 s best bet for an instrumental tour de force . Christopher Jackson of unk described the track as a to the point introduction to the classic Mogwai sound elegant musings on a web of bass heavy guitars , growing patiently to a peak filled out with massive distorted chords and fat drum fills . Brandon Wu of Ground and Sky described the song 's progression , starting with a quietly pretty melody . . . building to a massive climax of guitar and bass noise . and woven through the crescendo is a beautiful , lyrical guitar line . . . simply stunning . Personnel and credits
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2,252 | Tropical Storm Ana was the only tropical cyclone on record in the North Atlantic basin to exist in the month of April . The first tropical cyclone of the 2003 season , it developed as a subtropical cyclone from a non tropical low on April 20 to the west of Bermuda . It tracked east southeastward and organized , and on April 21 it transitioned into a tropical cyclone with peak winds of 60 mph ( 95 km h ) . Tropical Storm Ana turned east northeastward , steadily weakening due to wind shear and an approaching cold front , and on April 24 it became an extratropical cyclone . The storm brushed Bermuda with light rain , and the remnants produced precipitation in the Azores and the United Kingdom . Swells generated by the storm capsized a boat along the Florida coastline , causing two fatalities . Meteorological history A non tropical low pressure area developed about 240 miles ( 390 km ) south southwest of Bermuda on April 18 through the interaction of an upper level trough and a surface frontal trough . The surface trough , which extended from the gale center to Hispaniola , brought a plume of moisture northward from the Caribbean Sea into the circulation , which caused heavy rainfall in Puerto Rico . The non tropical low tracked generally northward , with a ridge to its east and west , and on April 19 the system began producing sporadic convection near its center early that day , satellite imagery indicated the presence of a tight inner core of winds . After turning to the northwest , it looped southeastward and gradually became separated from the surface frontal system , due to the deepening of the upper level trough over the system . Convection became better organized over the center , and it is estimated the system developed into Subtropical Storm Ana early on April 20 while located about 250 miles ( 400 km ) west of Bermuda . Operationally , the subtropical cyclone was not classified by the National Hurricane Center until 21 hours later . The subtropical storm tracked east southeastward and continued to organize , and by late on April 20 an upper level warm core was present over the system . Based on its organization , Ana is estimated to have become a tropical storm by 0000 UTC on April 21 . Upon becoming a tropical storm , Ana attained a peak intensity of 60 mph ( 95 km h ) , which was based on estimates from the Hebert Poteat technique and data from QuikSCAT . Shortly thereafter , it made its closest point of approach to Bermuda , when it passed about 130 miles ( 210 km ) southwest of the island . Operationally , the cyclone was first classified by the National Hurricane Center around this time , when it was considered a subtropical cyclone . Strong upper level wind shear removed much of the convection , though a small area of thunderstorms persisted near the center . The storm became completely separated from the upper level system , and the cyclone re organized , developing an eye feature late on April 21 . Embedded within the flow of a cyclone to its north , Ana continued eastward , and early on April 22 the wind shear again removed the convection from the center . Convection waxed and waned throughout the day , and by April 23 the circulation had deteriorated in organization . After turning to the northeast , the circulation center merged with an approaching cold front on April 24 , and Tropical Storm Ana completed the transition into an extratropical cyclone . The extratropical storm accelerated east northeastward before losing its identity within the frontal zone on April 27 southeast of the Azores . Impact , records , and naming Prior to the development of Ana , the government of Bermuda issued a gale warning for the island . Upon its classification by the National Hurricane Center , a tropical storm warning was issued for Bermuda . Meandering near the island for several days while developing , the storm dropped 2 . 63 inches ( 67 mm ) of precipitation in a six day period at the Bermuda International Airport . Winds on the island did not reach tropical storm force . Swells from the storm impacted the coast of Florida . The combination of the swells and an outgoing tide caused a boat to capsize in Jupiter Inlet on April 20 two of its occupants drowned , and the other two were rescued . As an extratropical storm , the remnants of Ana dropped 0 . 87 inches ( 22 mm ) of precipitation in the city of Ponta Delgada in the Azores . Moisture from the remnants of Ana also produced beneficial rainfall in the United Kingdom . Two ships recorded tropical storm force winds in association with Ana the Atlantic Forest recorded 51 mph ( 82 km h ) and a pressure of 998 mbar on April 22 , and the Rosa Delmas reported winds of 47 mph ( 76 km h ) on April 23 . On April 20 , Ana became the second subtropical cyclone on record in the Atlantic basin in the month of April , after a subtropical storm in 1992 . After attaining tropical characteristics , it became the first tropical storm on record in the month of April and was among the earliest forming tropical or subtropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin .
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2,253 | Triaenops goodmani is an extinct bat from Madagascar in the genus Triaenops . It is known from three lower jaws collected in a cave at Anjohibe in 1996 , and described as a new species in 2007 . The material is at most 10 , 000 years old . A bat humerus ( upper arm bone ) from the same site could not be identified as either T. goodmani or the living T. menamena . T. goodmani is identifiable as a member of Triaenops or the related genus Paratriaenops by a number of features of the teeth , such as the single cusped , canine like fourth premolar and the presence of a gap between the entoconid and hypoconulid cusps on the first two molars . T. goodmani is larger than the living species of Triaenops and Paratriaenops on Madagascar , and on the first molar the protoconid cusp is only slightly higher than the hypoconid , not much higher as in the other species . Taxonomy and distribution In 1996 , a team led by David Burney collected breccias containing remains of bats and other animals from the cave of Anjohibe in northwestern Madagascar . The bats in the sample were described by Karen Samonds ( previously Irwin ) in her 2006 Ph.D. dissertation and a 2007 paper . She found several living species in addition to two extinct ones that she described as new , Triaenops goodmani and Hipposideros besaoka . At the time , the genus Triaenops was thought to include three species on Madagascar Triaenops auritus , Triaenops furculus , and Triaenops rufus . Since then , Steven Goodman and Julie Ranivo have discovered that the name rufus is not in fact applicable to the Madagascar species and proposed the name Triaenops menamena for the Madagascan bats previously known as Triaenops rufus . In addition , Petr Benda and Peter Vallo have removed the other two Madagascan species to a separate genus Paratriaenops , so that they are now known as Paratriaenops auritus and Paratriaenops furculus . The specific name of the extinct species , goodmani , honors Steven Goodman for his research on Madagascan bats . The material of T. goodmani is from locality OLD SE within the cave and is about 10 , 000 years old or younger . A cladistic analysis using morphological data could not resolve the relationships of Triaenops goodmani , but did not place it with the other species of Triaenops and Paratriaenops studied . In a 2008 paper , Amy Russell and colleagues commented that cranial ( skull ) characteristics of T. goodmani suggest it is a member of the T. furculus T. auritus group , now placed in Paratriaenops . Description Triaenops goodmani is known from three mandibles ( lower jaws ) one with the fourth premolar ( p4 ) and first and second molars ( m1 2 ) and two with the second and third molars ( m2 3 ) . The jaw is relatively robust . The p4 resembles a canine , having a single cusp that is about as high as the highest cusp on m1 and lacking accessory shelves or cusps . The molars are narrow crowned and longer than in T. menamena , P. auritus , and P. furculus . Length of m2 ranges from 1 . 55 to 1 . 57 mm and width from 0 . 98 to 1 . 02 mm . On m1 , the trigonid ( front group of cusps ) is narrower and slightly higher than the talonid at the back . The protoconid , one of the main cusps in the trigonid , is the highest cusp , but is only slightly higher than the hypoconid ( a cusp in the talonid ) in living Madagascan Triaenops and Paratriaenops , the protoconid is substantially higher than the hypoconid . The paraconid , metaconid ( both cusps in the trigonid ) , and entoconid ( a cusp in the talonid ) are lower than in Paratriaenops auritus . The hypoconulid ( part of the talonid ) is small but distinct and is the lowest cusp . It is separated from the entoconid by a gap . T. goodmani lacks a ridge , the unk , connecting the entoconid to the metaconid . There is a crest ( cingulum ) at the front and back of the tooth . The last two molars are similar to m1 , but in m2 the talonid is only slightly wider than the trigonid and in m3 the two are of equal width . In addition , a shelf is present between the protoconid and hypoconid on m2 and m3 is smaller , lacks the gap between the entoconid and hypoconulid , and has a weak ridge between the entoconid and metaconid . These characteristics are typical of Triaenops and Paratriaenops . From the same site where T. goodmani was found , Samonds also recorded the distal ( far ) end of a Triaenops humerus ( upper arm bone ) , with a width of 3 . 58 mm . This bone was similar to humeri of T. menamena , but she did not identify it as either species because of the small size difference between T. menamena and T. goodmani . In site NCC 1 ( estimated 69 , 600 to 86 , 800 years old ) , two Triaenops mandibles were recorded , one with p4 and m1 and another with m1 2 and part of m3 . Relative to living Triaenops and Paratriaenops , m1 in those jaws is longer and narrower . Although sample sizes are small , the measurements do not resemble those of T. goodmani . In addition , the ridge between the entoconid and metaconid is stronger than in T. goodmani . Samonds identified these jaws only as Triaenops .
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2,254 | Minnesota State Highway 610 ( MN 610 ) is an east west freeway in the Twin Cities region of Minnesota . The freeway connects County Road 81 ( CR 81 ) and CR 130 in northern Hennepin County to U.S. Highway 10 ( US 10 ) in southern Anoka County . MN 610 crosses the Mississippi River on the Richard P. Braun Bridge between suburban Brooklyn Park and Coon Rapids . The highway is 9 . 8 miles ( 15 . 8 km ) long . The freeway was authorized in 1975 , and most of the sections that are open were completed by 2000 ( 7 . 2 mi or 11 . 6 km ) the 2 . 6 mile ( 4 . 2 km ) section westward to CR 81 in Maple Grove was completed and opened in 2011 . There is a segment that is planned to extend farther to end at Interstate 94 ( I 94 ) . The Minnesota Department of Transportation ( Mn DOT ) scheduled the project to start in late 2014 . Route description MN 610 starts at its interchange with CR 81 in Maple Grove . From this starting point , the freeway runs eastbound through the northern suburbs of the Twin Cities . MN 610 is four lanes in width and has several interchanges with local streets and county roads before expanding to six lanes and meeting the northern terminus of MN 252 on the west bank of the Mississippi River . After MN 252 interchange , the MN 610 freeway turns to the northeast and crosses the Mississippi River on the dual span , eight lane Richard P. Braun Bridge . Across the river , the freeway runs along the south side of the Coon Rapids Dam Regional Park before curving around to the east . It continues through suburban Coon Rapids as a six lane freeway to a partial interchange with northbound MN 47 . This interchange is used by eastbound traffic transitioning to westbound US 10 . The final section east to US 10 in Blaine is four lanes . The second interchange along this section of the freeway with University Avenue is used to connect with MN 47 southbound . The last interconnected interchange is at the eastern terminus as traffic defaults onto US 10 eastbound . Legally , MN 610 is defined as Route 333 in the Minnesota Statutes 161 . 115 ( 264 ) . The highway is not marked with this legislative route number along the actual highway . The entire route of MN 610 has been listed on the National Highway System , a system of roads important to the nation 's economy , defense , and mobility . History MN 610 was proposed in the middle of the 1960s as a North Crosstown freeway . Studies for the highway started in the 1970s . The highway was first authorized on June 2 , 1975 . The westbound span of the Mississippi River bridge was built in 1985 , and , along with the existing freeway east of MN 252 , was opened in October 1987 . Officials in Minnesota proposed tolls as a means to fund the construction on the highway in 1989 . Local officials supported the highway construction , but opposed the tolling plans . West of MN 252 , the freeway construction started in June 1997 . The freeway was opened to traffic in 2000 , with a traffic light at the intersection of MN 610 and US 169 initially . Construction on the second bridge over the Mississippi River for eastbound traffic started in 1999 , to be completed in 2002 . Construction of the portion between US 169 and CR 81 was estimated to cost 48 million in 2010 , of which 27 million is being funded by federal stimulus money . The project began in October 2009 , and it was scheduled to be completed in July 2011 . The remainder of the highway to I 94 is not on a Mn DOT schedule to be built . The new western terminus will be located at Elm Creek Boulevard in Maple Grove . The freeway continues westward from this point in the median of CR 81 , but this section will be an unused stub end past the ramps that connect to CR 81 During the 2011 Minnesota state government shutdown , construction on MN 610 was halted for 20 days . Until work stopped on July 1 , 2011 , a ribbon cutting ceremony had been scheduled to open the new freeway section on July 12 . The ribbon cutting ceremony was on August 17 and the road opened on August 19 . Future MN 610 is planned to extend west to I 94 in Maple Grove , and the freeway 's mile markers reflect these plans , with the zero point calibrated to this future terminus . A portion of this new section is very unusual it is routed down the middle of the median of CR 81 in Maple Grove , forming a roadway within a roadway . There are worries about traffic after the last extension was opened in 2011 . The local mayors are concerned with the traffic levels on CR 81 now that MN 610 is opened . County Road 81 is already a fairly busy road without this additional traffic , and now there will be a substantial increase in traffic , according to Maple Grove Mayor Mark unk he is urging Mn DOT to complete the remainder of the freeway to I 94 to alleviate these traffic concerns . Construction on this last segment of highway was scheduled to start in October 2014 . On April 4 , 2016 , construction started on an interchange with Maple Grove Parkway . The interchange is set to open in October 2016 . Exit list All exits are unnumbered .
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2,255 | HMS Grenade ( unk ) was a G class destroyer built for the Royal Navy during the 1930s . She was transferred from the Mediterranean Fleet shortly after the beginning of World War II for service in home waters . The ship participated in the early stages of the Norwegian Campaign in April 1940 . German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers sank Grenade as she evacuated Allied troops during Operation Dynamo on 29 May 1940 . Description Grenade displaced 1 , 350 long tons ( 1 , 370 t ) at standard load and 1 , 883 long tons ( 1 , 913 t ) at deep load . The ship had an overall length of 323 feet ( 98 . 5 m ) , a beam of 33 feet ( 10 . 1 m ) and a draught of 12 feet 5 inches ( 3 . 8 m ) . She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines , driving two shafts , which developed a total of 34 , 000 shaft horsepower ( 25 , 000 kW ) and gave a maximum speed of 36 knots ( 67 km h 41 mph ) . Steam for the turbines was provided by three Admiralty 3 drum water tube boilers . Grenade carried a maximum of 470 long tons ( 480 t ) of fuel oil that gave her a range of 5 , 530 nautical miles ( 10 , 240 km 6 , 360 mi ) at 15 knots ( 28 km h 17 mph ) . The ship 's complement was 137 officers and men in peacetime . The ship mounted four 45 calibre 4 . 7 inch ( 120 mm ) Mark IX guns in single mounts . For anti aircraft defence Grenade had two quadruple Mark I mounts for the 0 . 5 inch Vickers Mark III machine gun . She was fitted with two above water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21 inch ( 533 mm ) torpedoes . One depth charge rail and two throwers were fitted 20 depth charges were originally carried , but this increased to 35 shortly after the war began . Service Grenade was laid down by Alexander Stephen and Sons in Glasgow , Scotland on 3 October 1934 , launched on 12 November 1935 and completed on 28 March 1936 . Excluding government furnished equipment like the armament , the ship cost 252 , 560 . She was assigned to the 1st Destroyer Flotilla of the Mediterranean Fleet upon commissioning . Grenade was given a post completion overhaul in Malta between 20 March and 24 April 1937 . After returning home to give her crew leave and be refitted in Chatham Dockyard between 27 May and July 1938 , the ship was then briefly transferred to the Red Sea in October 1938 . When World War II began in September 1939 , Grenade was in Alexandria , but she , and her entire flotilla , was transferred to the Western Approaches Command at Plymouth in October . On 7 November she collided with her flotilla leader , Grenville and her repairs were not completed until 9 December . During the next several months she was assigned to contraband control duties in the Downs . She , and her sister ship , Griffin , rescued 117 survivors from Grenville after the latter ship struck a mine on 19 January 1940 . The ship was refitted in London between 27 January and 27 February , but was struck by the ocean liner Orion on 27 February and was only temporarily repaired there . Grenade received permanent repairs in Harwich from 2 March to 3 April and was assigned to Home Fleet at Scapa Flow after their completion . When Britain received word that the Germans were preparing to invade Norway on 7 8 April , Grenade was part of the escort of Convoy unk and was recalled , along with the rest of the escort , to join the Home Fleet . The ship , and the destroyer Encounter , escorted the oil tanker British Lady to Flakstadya in the Lofoten Islands where a refuelling and repair base was being set up to support British naval operations in northern Norway . For the rest of the month Grenade escorted the battleship Warspite and the aircraft carrier Ark Royal in Norwegian waters . The ship provided cover during the evacuation of British and French troops from Namsos in early May and tied up to the French destroyer Bison to rescue survivors after the latter 's forward magazine had been hit by a bomb from a Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber and exploded on 3 May . Four men on Grenade were wounded by splinters from near misses during this time and she rescued 36 sailors , but twenty of them died of their wounds before the ship reached Scapa Flow on 5 May . Grenade was then transferred to the English Channel and collided with the anti submarine trawler Clayton Wyke on 14 May in heavy fog . Her repairs were completed at Sheerness Dockyard on 25 May . During the initial stages of the evacuation from Dunkirk the ship provided cover in the northern part of the Channel to the evacuation forces and took part in the rescue of 33 survivors on 28 May from the coaster SS Abukir , which had been torpedoed by an E boat . She made one trip to Dunkirk during the night of 28 29 May and was caught in Dunkirk harbour by German Stukas during the following day . Grenade was hit by two bombs which set her afire and killed 14 sailors and mortally wounded another four men . The ship was cast off from her berth , in case she sank there , and then drifted into the harbour channel . The trawler John unk towed Grenade over to the west side of the outer harbour where her magazines exploded later that evening .
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2,256 | Navy SEALS is a shoot ' em up platform video game developed and published by Ocean Software . It was first released in the United Kingdom for the Amstrad CPC , Amstrad GX4000 and Commodore 64 in 1990 . It was later re released in the rest of Europe for the ZX Spectrum , Atari ST and Amiga home computers in the following year . It was then ported to the Game Boy on 1 September 1991 in the United States . The game is based on the film of the same name and follows the protagonist , Lieutenant Dale Hawkins , progressing through five side scrolling levels . The game was developed by Ocean Software , in which they were renowned for creating video games related to their respective films . Navy SEALS focuses on Hawkins recovering caches of Stinger missiles from Arab soldiers in the Middle East . The game received positive reviews upon release , with critics mainly praising the graphics , presentation and challenging gameplay . However , criticism was directed at the ZX Spectrum port , which received disapproval over its monochrome graphics . Gameplay The game is a side scrolling shoot ' em up and revolves around the protagonist , Lieutenant Dale Hawkins , recovering caches of hidden Stinger missiles from Arab terrorists in Oman . The game features a total of five levels with varying locations and begins with allocating five lives to the player . The main objective of the game is to locate and place time bombs on boxes containing Stinger missiles , in which the player is required to escape before the time runs out . The enemies featured in the game are Arab terrorists the player must neutralise them by shooting them with their selected weapon , which is a handgun by default . Other weapons available in the game include machine guns , rocket launchers , and a flamethrower , which are only accessible through finding hidden crates . The second level of the game is in Beirut , and focuses on the player , along with a group of Navy Seals , rescuing hostages in a 3D presentation of the city . If the player is successful in rescuing the hostages and recovering all missiles , the remaining forces will rendezvous at a submarine . During the game , the player character may grapple onto ledges , climb ladders , crawl , and jump in any direction . The player can also push large crates in order to reach higher platforms . Combat is focused on shooting an enemy with a weapon on sight , however the player can crawl at any time in order to avoid the oncoming bullets of an enemy . The player is also able to neutralise enemies by dropping down onto them whilst dangling from a higher platform . In every level , the game sets a time limit when a bomb is placed on one of the crates containing Stinger missiles . Background Ocean Software was founded in Manchester by David Ward and Jon Woods in 1984 . The company were known for developing titles such as Platoon , Top Gun and Jurassic Park , which were usually based on their films of the same name . During the late 1980s and early 1990s , Ocean primarily focused on developing games related to best selling B movies or porting other commercially successful games to different platforms . In 1998 , the company was purchased by French holding company Infogrames and was later merged into Atari , in 2004 . In 2004 , both founders of Ocean Software received the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association Hall of Fame award , for their recognition in transforming the British video games industry into a multi national business . The music for Navy SEALS was composed by Matthew Cannon , an employee of Ocean Software . Reception The game received mostly positive reviews upon release . Richard Smith of Crash heralded the graphics for their detail , colour and smooth animation , summarising that it was a landmark in every aspect . Chris Jenkins of Sinclair User stated that the graphics and animation were fabulous , whilst focusing particular praise on the game 's background details . Jeff Matthews of Raze praised the graphics for both Amstrad GX4000 and Commodore 64 ports , heralding them as nicely detailed and super smoothly animated , respectively . Matt unk of Your Sinclair praised the presentation and gameplay , citing them both as out of the ordinary , whilst also praising the developer 's attention for detail . Steve Fielder of Commodore Format praised the game 's ability to fully utilise the colour palette of the Commodore 64 , in which Fielder praised the smooth side scrolling levels and unk detailed backdrops . Two reviewers of Mean Machines praised the sprites and background drops , calling both cleverly animated and atmospheric . However , the other reviewer criticised the game 's hard difficulty . Robert Swan of Computer and Video Games criticised the playability of the ZX Spectrum version , calling it less playable due to its presentation in monochrome and hard difficulty . Reviewing the GX4000 port , Swann praised the colourful graphics , but expressed scepticism over the difficulty . Fielder also praised the game 's soundtrack as mystifying .
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2,257 | Showdown is the fourth single and first track from the album In Silico by Australian drum and bass band Pendulum . It has been remixed by several artists , including DJ unk ( who is also Red Light ) and Excision . It is also the first single taken from In Silico not to use the album logo prominently on its cover . The single was originally released through various online music stores on 5 January 2009 . It was not available in any physical format until 9 February , when Warner Music UK released the 12 picture disc of Showdown . To help promote the single , Pendulum also released a Space Invaders themed video game which offered players a chance of winning an official framed gold disc of In Silico . Background and writing Showdown was originally written and produced for the album In Silico by Rob Swire . Although primarily influenced by drum and bass , the song contains prominent elements of both early hard rock and techno , and has even been described as dance metal by some critics . Showdown opens with vocals from Swire , before going into a heavy guitar riff which is the main focus of the track . It also makes extensive use of both sampled and acoustic drums to produce large and heavy sounds respectively . Critical reception Showdown has received generally positive reviews from music critics . Angry Ape reviewer David Adair described the single as a snappy and slightly abrasive number that will keep their new found fans amongst the Kerrang reading community , very happy . David Knight observed that you won 't hear a better riff on a dance track without a great amount of searching , but described the remixes released with the single as absolutely terrible . It was chosen as Single of the Week on 12 January 2009 by the British tabloid newspaper Daily Star . Music video The music video for Showdown , directed by Nick Bartleet , was released on unk on 12 December 2008 to promote Pendulum 's upcoming single . It was originally intended to be Internet only , but was subsequently A listed on the television channel MTV Dance . The video draws parallels from dog fighting , focusing on a fight scene in which the dogs are replaced by two young women , and culminates in the escape of one woman at the end of the video . It also depicts controversial scenes of women being kept in cages and men gambling on the outcome of fights , which contributed to Knight describing the video as highly problematic . Some scenes of the video have been compared with the movie Fight Club by various sources , including Bartleet . Promotional video game On 24 December , shortly after the release of their music video , Pendulum presented a Space Invaders themed video game on their website to further promote Showdown . By scoring more points , players who submitted their details could unlock more of the Live at the Brixton Academy version of Showdown . They also had a chance of winning an official framed gold disc of In Silico . The game was a modified version of Space Invaders , in which the aliens had been replaced with different coloured variants of the In Silico logo , and the bunkers were replaced with pairs of letters spelling out the band 's name . Players had three lives to score as many points as possible , after which their score was logged on a high score table . The album version of Showdown was played during the game . Marketing and release Showdown was first released on 5 January 2009 through various online music stores , including 7digital , Amazon.com , and iTunes . Along with the album version and radio edit of the song , the download bundle included a live recording and several remixes by other artists . The single was later released on a 12 picture disc , containing the album version and Excision remix of Showdown , on 9 February by Warner Music UK . The song Showdown was featured on In Silico as the opening track . It was the first single from the album not to use the In Silico logo prominently on its cover , although most of the logo can be seen on a bass drum in the cover art . Live versions of the song have appeared on iTunes Live London Festival ' 08 , as a B side on The Other Side , as well as in the single download bundle . It was also featured in the soundtrack of Disney Interactive Studios ' off road racing video game Pure . The track is also featured in the first trailer for Forza Motorsport 3 , on the Xbox 360 as well as in the game itself during races , and CSI NY episode Green Piece . The song was featured for available in the soundtrack of Marvel 's The Punisher War Zone . Release history Formats and track listings These are the major formats and associated track listings of single releases of Showdown , written and produced by Rob Swire . Personnel Showdown is credited to Pendulum Rob Swire writer , producer , vocals , mixing Gareth McGrillen production assistant , bass unk ap Gwynedd guitar Paul unk acoustic drums Other contributors Video personnel The music video for Showdown is credited to
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2,258 | The Grumman XTSF was a proposed twin engine torpedo scout aircraft , designed by Grumman for the United States Navy towards the end of World War II . Based on the design of the Grumman F7F Tigercat fighter , enlarged and with the addition of a bomb bay , the XTSF was deemed too large for carrier operations , and the project was cancelled before any aircraft were built . Instead , the Navy chose to order the single engine unk , which became the successful AF Guardian . Design and development In 1944 , it was determined that the Grumman XTB2F , then under development for the Navy , would be too large to practically and safely operate from aircraft carriers . Even the new Midway class aircraft carriers , known as battle carriers ( unk ) and the largest aircraft carriers built by any nation to that point , would have difficulty operating the massive aircraft , which was the size of a U.S. Army Air Force medium bomber . As a result , in late June 1944 , Grumman submitted its G 66 design to the Bureau of Aeronautics ( BuAer ) . After a review of the design by BuAer during the following month , a revised design was submitted , and on August 17 the existing contract for the XTB2F was modified to instead order two XTSF 1 aircraft , to be based on Grumman 's F7F 2 Tigercat two seat , twin engined fighter bomber , the first prototype intended to be a conversion of a F7F airframe . A mid wing , all metal , cantilever monoplane with two Pratt Whitney Double Wasp radial engines mounted in streamlined nacelles under the wing , the XTSF 1 was intended to carry two crew members in tandem seats , and featured an internal bomb bay and a SCR 720 radar set , the radar later being replaced in the design by an AN APS 3 or AN APS 4 set . A second seat was added for the radar operator . The outer wing of the XTSF was lengthened by 7 . 8 feet ( 2 . 4 m ) compared to that of the F7F 2 , while the size of the horizontal stabilizer was increased by 28 inches ( 71 cm ) ) . The vertical stabilizer was also enlarged , while the aircraft 's weight increased by almost two thousand pounds ( 900 kg ) over that of the Tigercat . The wings folded upwards for stowage aboard aircraft carriers , while the undercarriage and arrestor hook were hydraulically operated . Gun armament was planned to be four .50 caliber ( 12 . 7 mm ) Browning M2 machine guns , or , alternatively , two 20 mm Hispano cannon , while a bomb bay based on that of the Grumman TBF Avenger was installed in a fuselage stretched by 5 . 5 inches ( 14 cm ) . Cancellation A mockup of the cockpit , center fuselage and wing center section was built and was inspected by the BuAer in the fall 1944 . However , the contract for the prototype XTSF 1s was terminated in January 1945 . This was due to a variety of factors , including the Navy 's belief that the Grumman engineers and factory were already at capacity producing the F6F Hellcat , the F7F , and the F8F Bearcat , that the XTSF 1 would be too large for practical operations from escort carriers , and because it was believed the Grumman G 70 , to be built as the unk , was a better prospect . In addition , the F7F was proving difficult to certify for operations from aircraft carriers , further prejudicing the Navy against the design . Some sources erroneously state that the XTSF 1 became the XTB2F , however this is not the case . The XTSF 1 was the only aircraft ever designated by the U.S. Navy in the ' TS for Torpedo Scout ' category , the designation being superseded and incorporated , along with ' BT for Bomber Torpedo ' , ' SB for Scout Bomber ' and ' TB for Torpedo Bomber ' , into the new ' A for Attack ' series . Specifications ( XTSF 1 ) Data from General characteristics Crew 2 ( Pilot and radar operator ) Length 46 ft 4 in ( 14 . 12 m ) Wingspan 59 ft 4 in ( 18 . 08 m ) ( folded span 32 feet ( 9 . 8 m ) ) Height 16 ft ( 4 . 9 m ) Wing area 500 sq ft ( 46 m2 ) Airfoil NACA unk unk Empty weight 17 , 288 lb ( 7 , 842 kg ) Gross weight 26 , 171 lb ( 11 , 871 kg ) Fuel capacity 400 US gallons ( 1 , 500 l 330 imp gal ) Powerplant 2 Pratt Whitney R 2800 22W Double Wasp radial engines , 2 , 400 hp ( 1 , 800 kW ) each Propellers 4 bladed unk H 20 156 , 13 ft 2 in ( 4 . 01 m ) diameter Performance Maximum speed 414 mph ( 666 km h 360 kn ) at 18 , 600 feet ( 5 , 700 m ) Stall speed 84 mph ( 73 kn 135 km h ) Range 975 mi ( 847 nmi 1 , 569 km ) internal fuel at 172 miles per hour ( 277 km h ) Combat range 395 mi ( 343 nmi 636 km ) radius with two 150 US gallons ( 570 l 120 imp gal ) drop tanks Service ceiling 36 , 500 ft ( 11 , 125 m ) Rate of climb 3 , 920 ft min ( 19 . 9 m s ) Wing loading 47 . 9 lb sq ft ( 234 kg m2 ) Power mass unk bhp Armament Guns 4 .50 calibre machine guns Hardpoints Two , 1 , 000 pounds ( 450 kg ) capacity each Bombs Internal bomb bay , capacity one Mark 13 torpedo , one 2 , 000 pounds ( 910 kg ) bomb or naval mine , or up to 4 , 000 pounds ( 1 , 800 kg ) smaller bombs , or up to 1 , 300 pounds ( 590 kg ) depth charges .
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2,259 | A Meeting by the River is an album recorded by Ry Cooder and Vishwa Mohan Bhatt it was recorded in September 1992 and released in April 1993 through the record label Water Lily Acoustics . This improvised , collaborative album features Cooder on slide guitar and Bhatt on the Mohan veena , a stringed instrument created by Bhatt . A Meeting by the River was produced by unk Alexander and Jayant Shah , engineered by Alexander , and mastered by Kevin Michael Gray and Paul unk . It peaked at number four on Billboard 's Top World Music Albums chart , and earned Cooder and Bhatt Grammy Awards for Best World Music Album at the 36th Grammy Awards ( 1994 ) . The album is included in Tom Moon 's 2008 book 1 , 000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die . Composition A Meeting by the River was recorded in September 1992 it features Cooder solely on slide guitar and Bhatt on the Mohan veena , a stringed instrument he created . Allmusic 's Daniel Gioffre described the instrument as a hybrid between a guitar and a unk veena it is played with a metal slide moving across steel rods along the neck . Cooder had heard a recording of Hindustani classical music performed by Bhatt and was impressed by his playing and the haunting clarity of the Mohan veena . Cooder and Bhatt met for the first time less than one hour before recording began they improvised much of the set the album 's liner notes state , this recording was unplanned and unrehearsed . The album was produced by unk Alexander , founder of Water Lily Acoustics , and Jayant Shah . It was engineered by Alexander , and was mastered by Kevin Michael Gray and Paul unk . Cooder and Bhatt are accompanied by Cooder 's fourteen year old son Joachim on unk , a Middle Eastern drum , and by Sukhvinder Singh unk on tabla . The collaboration between Cooder and Bhatt is Alexander 's first attempt to record musicians of different cultures together , one of his goals when he founded the record label . Author George unk described Bhatt 's playing as highly nuanced and said , Cooder performs in a more loose jointed , slip ' n ' slide style . According to Gioffre , Cooder and Bhatt use improvisation and voice like phrasing , showing melodic performances in an alternating fashion and in unison . The album contains four tracks , three of which are credited to Cooder and Bhatt tracks range in duration from approximately seven and a half minutes to twelve minutes . Longing has a structure similar to a raga . Author Tom Moon said Cooder takes the lead on the hymn Isa Lei as Bhatt contributes elaborate unk asides and swooping unk . In 2011 , Bhatt performed A Meeting by the River at a music festival in honor of guru Kelucharan Mohapatra . Bhatt said of the song , Music has no religion and no geographical or linguistic barrier . It speaks a universal language . My composition ' A Meeting by the River ' aims at explaining this . Bhatt has said he considers working with Cooder his most special collaboration . Reception Gioffre wrote a positive review of the album and called Cooder and Bhatt genuine masters of their respective instruments . He described the musical interplay between the musicians as nothing short of astounding and the album as a rare instance in which a combination of genres works . Gioffre also wrote , this album is masterfully recorded each instrument is clear , distinct , and three dimensional sounding . A Meeting by the River is a must own , a thing of pure , unadulterated beauty , and the strongest record in Cooder 's extensive catalog . Peter Margasak of the Chicago Tribune awarded the album four stars out of four , describing Cooder 's performance as arresting and Bhatt 's as haunting . Margasak wrote that the fusion revealed a rare , often transcendental beauty as the two artists gently and intuitively found common ground . Rolling Stone called the album fruitful and awarded it three stars out of five . Chart performance and recognition A Meeting by the River reached a peak position of number four on Billboard 's Top World Music Albums chart . In 1994 , the album earned Cooder and Bhatt Grammy Awards for Best World Music Album . Bhatt became one of a few Indian musicians to have received a Grammy Award until A. R. Rahman won at the 52nd Grammy Awards in 2010 . Previous Indian award winners had been recognized jointly with Western artists . The February 25 , 1995 , issue of Billboard , which featured the annual Indies Spotlight and covered independent music between the January 29 , 1994 , and January 21 , 1995 , issues of the magazine included A Meeting by the River at number ten on its list of the Top Indie World Music Albums . The album is included in Tom Moon 's 2008 book 1 , 000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die A Listener 's Life List . Track listing All tracks by Ry Cooder and Vishwa Mohan Bhatt unless noted otherwise . A Meeting by the River 10 03 Longing 11 56 Ganges Delta Blues 9 57 Isa Lei ( Caten ) 7 39 Track listing adapted from Allmusic . Personnel Credits adapted from Allmusic .
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2,260 | The Tewkesbury Medieval Festival is a medieval fair held over the second weekend of every July near the town of Tewkesbury , United Kingdom . Its main feature is the re enactment of the Battle of Tewkesbury , which was fought in 1471 . Located on parts of the ground where the original battle was fought , the festival also features a medieval camp , in which traders ply their wares and visitors are entertained by musicians and acrobats . The largest medieval fair in the United Kingdom , the Tewkesbury Medieval Festival was listed in Footprint England as one of the ten most bizarre festivals in the country . Background The Tewkesbury Medieval Festival started in 1984 as a simple fair with 10 stalls , a beer tent , and a small scale re enactment of the Battle of Tewkesbury , which was originally fought in 1471 near the town of Tewkesbury , United Kingdom . The festival became a regular celebration held over the second weekend of every July on parts of the original battlefield . In 2005 , the organisers a group of local re enactors named the Companions of the Black Bear registered the event as a company to facilitate the application of grants and their protection . Besides the re enactment and the camp , the festival offers guided walks of the battlefield . Since its start , the event has expanded to become the largest medieval fair in the United Kingdom . Attendance of the festival is open to all , but participation as a re enactor is by invitation only . The sight of hundreds of men dressed as medieval soldiers and fighting in a battle led Footprint England to list the event as one of the ten most bizarre festivals in the country . Re enactment of the Battle of Tewkesbury The festival 's main feature is its re enactment of the Battle of Tewkesbury , which was fought on 4 May 1471 between the Houses of York and Lancaster . The engagement was a decisive victory for the Yorkists and their leader , King Edward IV . The forces of the House of Lancaster were decimated , and their leaders killed or captured , leaving Edward as the unchallenged ruler of England . Several Lancastrians fled the battlefield and sought sanctuary at Tewkesbury Abbey . The Yorkists stormed the abbey , captured their foes , and executed them . The re enactment at the first festival was a simple affair compared to later years approximately 100 local enthusiasts , kitted out in crude imitations of medieval gear , fought each other on the fields of Tewkesbury . They wore woollen chainmail or armour made of fibreglass . Their swords and pole arms were made from wood arrows were rolled up wallpaper . As the festival became more popular over the years , the scale and quality of the re enactment changed . Re enactors from other parts of the United Kingdom joined the event , as well as those from Poland , Germany and other European countries . The armour and weapons used in the later years were faithful steel reproductions that could cost thousands of pounds sterling ( ) . By 2002 , the Battle of Tewkesbury was re enacted by approximately 2 , 000 men and women , and the British Broadcasting Corporation called the next year 's re enactment the largest in Europe . Aside from the battle , the storming of Tewkesbury Abbey is also re enacted during the festival . The subsequent trial and execution of the prisoners are acted out in a mock fashion . Medieval camp Since 2002 , the festival has been more than a small setup of stalls . It has grown to be a camp of up to 120 stalls , where life in medieval times is enacted by participants of the battle and their families . The beer tent is a regular fixture , and the stalls peddle herbs , sweets , and food . Entertainers , such as acrobats , fire eaters , and jugglers , wander the area , performing their arts . Musicians and dancers also entertain visitors . Re enactors demonstrate pottery , yarn spinning , and other medieval craft . These enthusiasts come from foreign countries , such as Belarus and Hungary . The German unk rock band unk has performed several times at the festival . Short bouts of simulated duels are performed in the camp and a jousting tournament was also featured . The festival has attracted visitors from as far as New Zealand and the west coast of the United States the local tabloid quoted an estimate of 25 , 000 visitors to the festival in 2003 . Town of Tewkesbury Although the town council of Tewkesbury plays no part in organising the festival , it has supported the event by giving it grants ( the amount for 2005 and 2008 was 1 , 000 each ) . Most of the money for organising the festival is recouped from tithes paid by the stall holders , which at times proved insufficient to cover the expenses the event was operating in the red for 2002 2004 . Under encouragement from the Companions of the Black Bear and the Chamber of Commerce , the town 's traders support the event by decorating their shops and dressing up in medieval period costumes . The pubs and restaurants serve medieval style fare as well . A free bus service connects the town and the festival .
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2,261 | The Millionaire Milkman is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company . The film focus on Jack Cass , a young millionaire , who has affections for a society girl named Clara Moore . Jack receives a letter of warning about Clara 's real interest , his money . Jack decides to decides to test his suspicions and the character of Clara , by having newspapers announce the ruin of his mind and his fortune . Clara calls Jack to confirm the story and breaks off the engagement . May Dustin , the orphan girl who Clara 's family treats as a servant , expresses sympathy for Jack . Jack becomes infatuated with May and becomes the milkman to see her every day . The two are married and May learns that Jack had never lost his fortune . The cast and production credits are unknown . The film was released on December 16 , 1910 , and met with mixed reviews . The film is presumed lost . Plot Though the film is presumed lost , a synopsis survives in The Moving Picture World from December 17 , 1910 . It states Clara Moore is a society girl who has won the affections of Jack Cass , a young millionaire . He thinks she loves him , but it is really his money that she adores . Prompted by a letter of warning , Jack decides to prove his sweetheart 's love . One reason is that he privately disapproves of the way Clara and her mother have treated a poor relation , an orphan girl , who has been left in their care . Instead of giving her a home , they make a servant of her . Jack 's plot works like a charm . His faithful valet gives the newspapers the story of the failure of Jack 's mind , and that young man 's ruin . Clara reads it and when Jack calls and admits that the reports are correct , she returns his ring and says that all is over between them . In fact the only person in the house that shows any sympathy for Jack is the poor relation , May Dustin , and naturally he compares her with the heartless society girl . Jack wants to see more of May , and invents a unique way of doing so . He buys out the milkman who serves the family , and in that way is able to call on May everyday . Liking soon ripens into love , and May agrees to wed Jack , although thinking he has nothing in the world but a meager salary . After marriage she is told the truth and finds that her husband has money enough to supply her every wish . As for Clara , she has lost her only chance to win a prized millionaire . Production The writer of the scenario is unknown , but it was most likely Lloyd Lonergan . He was an experienced newspaperman employed by The New York Evening World while writing scripts for the Thanhouser productions . The film director is unknown , but it may have been Barry O 'Neil or Lucius J. Henderson . Cameramen employed by the company during this era included Blair Smith , Carl Louis Gregory , and Alfred H. Moses , Jr. though none are specifically credited . The role of the cameraman was uncredited in 1910 productions . The cast credits are unknown , but many 1910 Thanhouser productions are fragmentary . In late 1910 , the Thanhouser company released a list of the important personalities in their films . The list includes G.W. Abbe , Justus D. Barnes , Frank H. Crane , Irene Crane , Marie Eline , Violet Heming , Martin J. Faust , Thomas Fortune , George Middleton , Grace Moore , John W. Noble , Anna Rosemond , Mrs. George Walters . This film was an early example of the use of the character names Jack and May , which were repeatedly used by Lonergan in various productions . Film historian Q David Bowers mentions that patrons who watched the film did not know the protagonist 's name , as it must have become a studio joke to decide who was to play Jack and who was to play May . In actuality , names such as Jack and May were used in printed synopses to keep track of who was who , but such names were usually not mentioned in the film 's subtitles . The previous and first usage of the two leading character roles was in Dots and Dashes . Release and reception The single reel drama , approximately 1 , 000 feet long , was released on December 16 , 1910 . At least one theater advertised the film as a comedy instead of a drama . The film had a wide national release , theaters showing the film include those in Kansas , Pennsylvania , South Dakota , and Arizona . The film was shown in Singapore in 1913 . The New York Dramatic Mirror praised the film for its well execution , but it didn 't miss a chance to balance it by criticizing the actor who played the milkman , The Laura Jean Libbey style of romance is here presented with more than the usual success . ... The purchase of the milk delivery job was not convincing and the milkman talked too much at the camera otherwise the picture is not seriously defective in detail . The Moving Picture World gave a positive review , concluding that The life and action which characterize the Thanhouser productions are all present , while the photography is satisfactory and helps to make a good picture . An unrelated comedy film with the same title was released by Path Frres on December 25 , 1912 .
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2,262 | The Trouble with Trillions is the twentieth episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 5 , 1998 . It was written by Ian Maxtone Graham and directed by Swinton O. Scott III . The episode sees Homer being sent by the Federal Bureau of Investigation to try to obtain a trillion dollar bill that Mr. Burns failed to deliver to Europe during the post war era . Plot All of Springfield is rushing to send out their tax returns just before midnight on April 15 . Homer realizes he did not file his tax return . He rushes and provides false information before driving to the post office . The IRS discovers Homer 's fraud and he is arrested . Held by the government , Homer says he will do anything to stay out of prison . Agent Johnson of the FBI decides that Homer can be useful . With a hidden microphone under his shirt , Homer uncovers that his coworker Charlie leads a group planning to assault all government officials , but is arrested by the FBI for conspiracy . With his superiors impressed , Johnson sends Homer on a secret mission . They reveal that in 1945 , President Harry S. Truman printed a one trillion dollar bill to help reconstruct post war Europe . He handed the bill over to Montgomery Burns to transport to the Europeans . However , the money never arrived and the FBI suspects Burns still has the money with him . Homer is sent in to investigate . Arriving at the Burns estate , Homer searches for the money before Burns , who believes Homer is a reporter from Collier 's magazine , reveals that he kept the money on his person . Johnson and Agent Miller burst in and arrest Burns . Burns shouts how the government oppresses the average American . Moved by Burns 's speech , Homer knocks out the FBI agents and frees Burns . The two men hurry to obtain Smithers for help , who suggests they leave the country . Burns takes Smithers and Homer in his old plane , setting off to find an island and start a new country . Over the Caribbean , Burns finds a fine island , although it already has a name and is in fact the country , Cuba . Going before Fidel Castro , Burns fails to buy the island when Fidel asks to see the trillion dollar bill , and is handed the bill . He refuses to give it back . The episode immediately cuts to a scene where Burns , Smithers , and Homer are on a makeshift raft . Burns announces he will merely bribe the jury when he , Smithers and Homer are put on trial . Production The episode was written by Ian Maxtone Graham , though the original draft of the plot was much different . Originally , Homer was to learn that he was a Native American , and would try to exploit it to not have to pay taxes . The idea had been going well for a few days , but the staff did not actually know whether Native Americans had to pay taxes . When the writers found out that they did , the whole plot had to be scrapped . Executive producer Mike Scully 's brother Brian pitched the idea of the trillion dollar bill , which they accepted , as they were out of ideas . Cultural references The scene where the FBI agent sits near Homer is a reference to the film JFK . While Homer , Mr. Burns , and Smithers are in Cuba , a billboard can be seen with a picture of Che Guevara being used to advertise Duff Beer . Reception In its original broadcast , The Trouble with Trillions finished 51st in ratings for the week of March 30 April 5 , 1998 , with a Nielsen rating of 7 . 5 , equivalent to approximately 7 . 4 million viewing households . It was the third highest rated show on the Fox network that week , following World 's Wildest Police Videos and Melrose Place . Since airing , the episode has received mixed reviews from television critics . The authors of the book I Can 't Believe It 's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide , Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood , did not enjoy the episode , calling it , Rather dull and unfunny , adding , A mediocre episode at best that makes Burns out to be altruistic ( which he 's not ) and very stupid in letting Castro have his money ( which he so wouldn 't ) . The Daily Telegraph characterized the episode as one of The 10 Best Simpsons TV Episodes . The article noted the episode contained one of the few gags in comedy history about relying too heavily on surveillance photography in spying . Ian Jones and Steve Williams for Off the Telly criticized all of season 9 for lacking an episode that centered on Burns , as they consider Burns to be the crux of many good episodes , though they noted that The Trouble with Trillions came the closest , with Burns having a supporting role . In a review of The Simpsons ' ninth season , Isaac Mitchell Frey of the Herald Sun described the episode as brilliant , and highlighted it along with episodes Bart Carny and The Joy of Sect . In the United Kingdom , the episode was screened on BBC Two in January 1999 , before any other episode from season six or later were seen by viewers , as part of a night of Cuba themed programming .
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2,263 | Severe Tropical Cyclone Xavier ( RSMC Nadi Designation 01F , JTWC Designation 01P ) was a strong pre season cyclone that formed on October 20 , 2006 to the north of the Santa Cruz Islands . During the next day it rapidly developed and was designated as Tropical Depression 01F later that day , before being designated as Tropical Cyclone Xavier while over Santa Cruz early on October 22 . Later on October 22 , Xavier intensified into a category 3 severe tropical cyclone on the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale , before passing over Tikopia early the next day . Xavier then reached its peak wind speeds of 175 km h ( 110 mph 10 min ) , which made it a Category 4 cyclone early on October 24 . Xavier stayed at its peak wind speeds until early the next day when it started to rapidly weaken , becoming a depression early on October 26 . The remnants of Xavier persisted until October 28 before dissipating . There were no casualties reported as a result of the storm and little impact reported in the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu . Meteorological history During October 20 , 2006 the Fiji Meteorological Service and the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center started to monitor a tropical depression , that had developed within the South Pacific Convergence Zone to the north of Temotu Province in the Solomon Islands . The system was located within an area of low to moderate vertical wind shear and had a good outflow in its northern and eastern quadrants . Over the next day conditions surrounding the system rapidly became favourable for further development , with convection starting to wrap into a well defined low level circulation centre . As a result , the depression rapidly developed further and was named Xavier by the FMS during October 22 , after it had become a category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale . After the system was named the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 01P , while it was located over the Santa Cruz Islands . Throughout October 22 , Xavier 's rapid intensification continued with it developing an eye feature and becoming a category 3 severe tropical cyclone . During that day the system performed a small cyclonic loop over Temotu Province and passed near or over the Santa Cruz Island of Tikopia . The systems rapid intensification subsequently slowed down during October 23 , as an upper level anticyclone located to the northwest of the system impeded the systems outflow . The system also started to move south eastwards during that day , as a trough of low pressure created a break in the ridge of high pressure that was steering Xavier . The FMS subsequently estimated during October 24 , that the system had peaked as a Category 4 Severe Tropical Cyclone with 10 minute sustained wind speeds of 175 km h ( 110 mph ) , while it was located about 220 km ( 135 mi ) to the east of Vanua Lava in northern Vanuatu . The JTWC also estimated during October 24 , that the system had peaked with 1 minute sustained wind speeds of 215 km h ( 135 mph ) , which made it equivalent to a category 4 hurricane on the Saffir Simpson hurricane wind scale . Over the next day the system maintained its peak intensity as it moved south eastwards , before it turned westwards during the next day towards Vanuatu and rapidly weakened after it moved into an area of cooler sea surface temperatures and strong vertical wind shear . As a result , during October 26 , The FMS and JTWC both reported that the system had weakened into a tropical depression , with the JTWC issuing their final advisory on the system as they expected it to dissipate within 12 hours . Xavier 's remnants were last noted by the FMS during October 28 , after the systems low level circulation centre was not able to be distinguished . Preparations and impact Early on October 22 , both RSMC Nadi and TCWC Brisbane started to issue special advisories to support the meteorological services of Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands in tracking the cyclone . As Xavier was over the islands of Santa Cruz the whole of Temotu Province was placed under a tropical cyclone gale warning , while cyclone watches were declared for unk , Bellona , and Vanuatu . During the next 24 hours , the Torres and Banks Islands , as well as Espirito Santo , Maewo , unk , were placed under a cyclone warning . The warnings for the Solomon Islands were then cancelled early the next day , while the warnings for Vanuatu were maintained until late on October 25 , when RSMC Nadi discontinued them . There were no casualties as a result of Xavier . In the Solomon Islands , communications to the Temotu province were lost . When communications were restored on October 24 , it was reported that there was only minor tree damage on the islands of unk and unk . On Tikopia , crops sustained damage , though the effects were considered light given the circumstances . Strong and gusty winds , rough seas and moderate to heavy swells were reported within the eastern Vanuatuan islands , however , no significant damage was reported within the islands .
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2,264 | Washington Square , also known as Washington Square Park , is a park in Chicago , Illinois . A registered historic landmark that is better known by its nickname Bughouse Square ( derived from the slang of bughouse referring to mental health facilities ) , it was the most celebrated open air free speech center in the country as well as a popular Chicago tourist attraction . It is located across Walton Street from Newberry Library at 901 N. Clark Street in the Near North Side community area of Chicago , Illinois , USA . It is Chicago 's oldest existing small park . It is one of four Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington ( the others being Washington Park , Harold Washington Park , and Dinah Washington Park ) . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 20 , 1991 . Origin On September 4 , 1842 , the city received a 3 acre ( 12 , 000 m2 ) parcel that was donated by the members of the American Land Company for use as a public park . The property had once been a cow path with a well for farmers to water their cattle . The donors stipulated the name Washington Square . Between 1869 and the 1890s , the city improved Washington Square with lawn , trees , bisecting diagonal walks , limestone coping , picket fencing , and an attractive Victorian fountain . By the time Alderman McCormick became President of Drainage Board in 1906 , the fountain had been razed and the park had deteriorated . Alderman McCormick devoted his aldermanic salary to improving the park . He donated a 600 fountain , and the city allocated an additional 10 , 000 to rehabilitate the park . By the 1910s , the neighborhood surrounding Washington Square had become more diverse . History The original purpose of the neighborhood park was as a place of assembly to discuss community issues . Chicago has a long storied history of public speeches both for entertainment and educational purposes . The Haymarket Riot first started as an anarchist workers rally . Daniel Burnham s March 27 , 1897 lecture for the Commercial Club of Chicago inspired the club to provide 80 , 000 to publish the Burnham Plan . Washington Square Park has been the geographic center of Chicago public speeches . By the 1890s the park acquired its Bughouse Square moniker . Soapbox orators waxed on topics ranging from gender relations to Communism . It served as a home for soapbox orators on warm weather evenings from the 1910s to the mid 1960s . Like Speakers ' Corner in London 's Hyde Park , Washington Square became a popular spot for soap box orators . Artists , writers , political radicals , and hobos unk , lectured , recited poetry , ranted , and raved . A group of regulars formed The Dil Pickle Club , devoted to free expression . For years Washington Square orators appointed their own honorary king . In its heyday in the 1920s and 1930s , revolutionary left unk were occasionally joined by poets , religionists , and cranks . In 1959 , the city transferred Washington Square to the Chicago Park District . In 1964 , Life featured an article saying that it was a meeting place for cottaging among homosexuals . Six years later , it played host to Chicago 's first Gay Pride March . Washington Square Historic District Washington Square Historic District is a historic district in Chicago , Illinois that includes Washington Square Park , Chicago . The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 21 , 2003 . The Washington Square District was declared a Chicago Landmark on May 16 , 1990 . The original 1990 Washington Square Park District Chicago Landmark designation included the park , Newberry Library , 60 West Walton Street and 915 to 929 North Dearborn Street . The first Chicago Landmark district extension on July 10 , 2002 included 22 28 and 27 31 West Chestnut Street and 802 818 , 827 867 , 1012 , 1023 1029 , and 1150 1154 North Dearborn Street . The May 11 , 2005 extension added the Isaac Maynard Row Houses located at 119 123 West Delaware Place . The National Register of Historic Places included Washington Square as well as North Dearborn Street from West Walton Street to West Chicago Avenue . Today Every July , the Bughouse Square Committee continues to oversee the annual Bughouse Square Debates free speech gathering in conjunction with the Newberry Library s annual book sale . The debates are part of an annual festival to recreate the atmosphere of speeches and debates by soap box orators that once flourished in the park . Although Alderman McCormick 's fountain was removed in the 1970s , in the late 1990s , the park district , the city , and neighborhood organizations agreed on a restoration plan for Washington Square . Improvements include a reconstructed historic fountain , period lighting , fencing , and new plantings . In the west part of the park , there is a memorial tablet designating the park as Chicago 's Premier Free Speech Forum . Related Fora Jack Jones s Dill Pickle Club , also known as the indoor Bughouse Square . Washington Park forum , also known as the Bug Club .
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2,265 | Nydalen is a rapid transit station on the Ring Line of the Oslo Metro . It is located at Nydalen in the Nordre Aker borough of Oslo , Norway . The station opened on 20 August 2003 , as part of the first section of the Ring Line to Storo . The station is served by lines 4 , 5 and 6 of the metro , as well as several local bus services . Artistic effort was put into the construction of the station , and the escalators were built into the Tunnel of Light exhibition . Close by the station is the BI Norwegian Business School ( BI ) campus and several large working places . History The process of establishing a Ring Line to serve the northern parts of Oslo started in the late 1980s . The plans were passed by the city council in 1997 , and financing was secured in 2000 through Oslo Package 2 . Construction started in June 2000 , and Nydalen was opened on 20 August 2003 , at the same time as Storo . The background for building the rapid transit system to Nydalen , was the urban redevelopment from an industrial to a mixed residential and commercial area during the 1990s and 2000s . About 200 companies have moved to the vicinity of the station , and by 2007 there were 14 , 800 jobs in the area . The area has several large information technology and telecommunication companies , including unk , unk , unk Business Partner , unk , TDC and unk . Large cultural institutions in the area include the national touring theater unk and the national touring concerts Concerts Norway , the publishing companies unk Mortensen , De Norske unk and Schibsted 's printing press . Public offices include the offices of the unk Aker Borough and the Norwegian Police Security Service . In 2005 , BI Norwegian Business School moved into their new campus across the street from Nydalen Station . Seven thousand students plus faculty work at the school , of which 85 use public transport . From 2011 , the new Nydalen Upper Secondary School will also be located in Nydalen . Facilities Nydalen Station is an underground station located on the tunnel section of the Ring Line between Tsen and Storo . The 4 , 000 square metres ( 43 , 000 sq ft ) station was drawn by architect Kristin unk . The station 's center platform is located 12 metres ( 39 ft ) underground , with an entrance pavilion at street level . The pavilion has a composition of horizontal and vertical levels and planes . Between these , which are dynamically cast in relation to each other , are the modes of descent down to the platform area i.e. elevators , escalators and staircases . The planes were built of black basalt , supplemented with large glass spaces that opens up the pavilion . A red glass box , that symbolizes the red trains , stands as a signal . The platforms is 110 metres ( 360 ft ) long , allowing for six car trains , and is covered with white granite and a paneled ceiling . The rail area has black concrete walls . There is effect lighting around the columns and recessed spotlights horizontally along the platform . The station is owned by Kollektivtransportproduksjon . The Tunnel of Light is an artistic display of color and sound surrounding the escalator at the station . 1800 fluorescent lamps and 44 speakers are installed behind a layer of glass along the corridor , steadily changing color and mood . The theme is based on different experiences of travel in time and place . There are light and sound combinations for all seasons and all phases of life . The project was initiated by Kristin unk . The light system was developed by Per ge unk at unk System , and the software that mixes sound and color was developed by Yngve unk . The music was composed by Bjarne unk , mainly based on recorded samples . Among these are text written and performed by Beate unk . Service Lines 4 , 5 and 6 of the Oslo Metro operate to Nydalen , each with a 15 minute headway . Lines 4 and 5 operate counterclockwise through the ring via the western part of town into the Common Tunnel , while line 6 operates clockwise via the eastern part into the Common Tunnel . Line 5 continues eastwards only to Storo before stopping lines 4 and 6 swap numbers between Nydalen and Storo . Travel time from Nydalen to Stortinget is 13 minutes clockwise and 12 minutes counterclockwise . Therefore , any traveler heading for the city center can get on the first train , independent of its direction ( except line 5 to Storo ) , and can be certain it will be the quickest connection to the downtown area . There is a railway station on the Gjvik Line also called Nydalen , that is served by NSB Gjvikbanen as part of the Oslo Commuter Rail . It is located many hundred meters from the metro station , and the two do not offer interconnections . There is a shorter connection to the Gjvik Line at Storo ( that connects with Grefsen Station ) . Nydalen also serves several bus routes . Line 37 via the city center to Helsfyr operates from across the street at Nydalen , while additional buses are located somewhat further away . They consist a feeder service to Lillo Terrasse ( line 55 ) as well as lines 30 to Bygdy , 51 to unk and 58 to Helsfyr .
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2,266 | The Benjamin G. Humphreys Bridge was a two lane cantilevered truss bridge carrying U.S. Route 82 U.S. Route 278 across the Mississippi River between Lake Village , Arkansas and Greenville , Mississippi . It was the first bridge to connect the two towns . The bridge was named for Benjamin G. Humphreys II , a former United States Congressman from Greenville . Hailed as progressive when it opened in 1940 , it became functionally obsolete as vehicle and river traffic increased . Because of its narrow two lanes with no shoulders , the bridge often became blocked by accidents or by the crossing of large vehicles like farm equipment . Due to its location near a sharp bend in the Mississippi River , the bridge became a hazard to river traffic barges and towboats frequently collided with it . In 1994 , a study concluded that a new bridge was needed and the old one should be torn down . A new bridge , the Greenville Bridge , was built as a replacement further downriver from the sharp bend . It opened in 2010 . In 2011 , work began to remove the Benjamin G. Humphreys Bridge . Description The Benjamin G. Humphreys Bridge , very modern in its time , was a two lane , steel cantilevered truss bridge that carried US 82 278 over the Mississippi River , and connected the towns of Lake Village , Arkansas and Greenville , Mississippi by road for the first time . Prior to the bridge , local vehicles and local freight could only cross the river by ferry . It was named after Benjamin G. Humphreys , a US Congressman from unk who co authored a flood control bill in 1917 establishing a national flood control program on the Mississippi , and promoted the concept of flood control to contain the river . The bridge opened on October 4 , 1940 to great fanfare . Its main span width was 840 feet ( 260 m ) , the highway bridge with the longest span on the Mississippi River . The width of the roadway was 24 feet ( 7 . 3 m ) two lanes of 12 feet ( 3 . 7 m ) each with no shoulders . History In the late 1930s , talk started on the construction of a bridge to cross the Mississippi River at Greenville . In 1936 , a group called the Arkansas Mississippi Alabama US 82 Association was formed to raise funds for the bridge . In 1937 , Milton C. Smith ( the mayor at that time ) worked with John A. Fox , ( the secretary of the Washington County Chamber of Commerce ) , to get Congress to pass a law authorizing the bridge . The bill authorizing the bridge was signed into law in August 1937 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt . In 1938 , Smith applied for money from the Works Progress Administration to fund the estimated 4 . 5 million it would take to build the bridge . The Works Progress Administration agreed to the proposal in September 1938 , and construction started on the bridge a few months later . The Benjamin G. Humphreys Bridge was built by the company now known as HNTB and opened to much fanfare in 1940 as the pathway to progress for the Mississippi Delta . It was a through truss design and had a span of 840 feet ( 256 meters ) . Until 1943 , this was the longest bridge for vehicles on the Mississippi River . Over time , the bridge supported increasing volumes of highway traffic and vehicles hitting the bridge . In the 1950s , an Air Force plane crashed into the bridge . Though the bridge remained structurally sound , it was becoming functionally obsolete . It had only two narrow highway lanes and no shoulders . An accident or the crossing of very large vehicles such as a large combine could force the bridge to close . With river traffic increasing , damage from barge collisions increased . By 1972 , the Greenville Bridge was hit more times by barges than any other bridge on the Mississippi . The bridge was located close to a sharp bend in the Mississippi towboats and barges had difficulty making the sharp turn and regaining their course in time to avoid a collision with the bridge . Over the years many have not been able to make the turn quickly and have hit it . The bridge had become a danger to river traffic . A 1994 engineering study by the Mississippi Department of Transportation explored alternatives to upgrading the crossing of US 82 and issued a report that explored a four lane crossing at Greenville . It concluded the best of several alternatives it identified was to build a new bridge 0 . 5 miles ( 0 . 80 km ) downriver from the old one , and to remove the old bridge . Additional studies evaluated the type of bridge to build , and by 1995 the cable stayed bridge was chosen as the best design to fit the river and soil conditions , as well as providing sufficient clearance for river navigation . Engineering plans were completed in 1999 for the Greenville Bridge , its replacement . Destruction The new Greenville Bridge opened to traffic on August 4 , 2010 . In 2011 the massive process of removing the old bridge by cutting into small sections to be recycled was begun , and was expected to be completed by September 2012 . At times the river has been closed to traffic to aid the demolition . The job is dangerous and two workers have died .
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2,267 | Hurricane Sergio was the third strongest Pacific hurricane in the month of November on record . The nineteenth named storm and eleventh hurricane of the 2006 Pacific hurricane season , Sergio developed from a tropical wave on November 13 about 460 miles ( 740 km ) south of Manzanillo , Mexico , and steadily intensified as it tracked southeastward . It reached peak winds of 110 mph ( 175 km h ) on November 15 , and subsequently began to weaken due to increased wind shear as it turned to the north . Sergio later turned to the west , remaining well off the coast of Mexico , and dissipated on November 20 about 320 miles ( 515 km ) west northwest of it originally formed . Sergio produced light rainfall along the coast of Mexico , though its effects were minimal . The formation of Sergio marked the 2006 season as the busiest in 12 years and the first season in which more than one tropical storm formed in November . Sergio , in addition to being the strongest hurricane after November 1 , was also the longest lived Pacific tropical cyclone in November , lasting a total of seven days . Meteorological history A tropical wave crossed Central America and entered the eastern Pacific Ocean on November 7 . An area of convection along the wave tracked westward to the south of Central America and Mexico , and became more concentrated on November 12 while located about 400 miles ( 645 km ) south of Acapulco . Later that day , Dvorak classification began on the disturbance , and the convection continued to organize . Early on November 13 , the National Hurricane Center indicated the possibility of the system developing into a tropical depression . Thunderstorm activity briefly decreased , though late on November 13 the system acquired enough circulation and organized convection for it to be designated Tropical Depression Twenty One E while located about 460 miles ( 740 km ) south of Manzanillo , Mexico . Operationally , the depression was not upgraded until eleven hours later . Initially , the tropical depression tracked to the northwest , and was forecast to peak as a 50 mph ( 80 km h ) tropical storm while continuing on a northwest motion . Located within an area of weak wind shear , deep convection increased near the center , and banding features became more pronounced . unk flow aloft and a moist troposphere allowed the depression to intensity into Tropical Storm Sergio on November 14 . Shortly after becoming a tropical storm , Sergio turned to the southeast , believed to be due to the flow associated with a mid to upper level trough to its northeast . It steadily intensified , and Sergio attained hurricane status on November 15 while located about 420 miles ( 675 km ) southwest of Acapulco . With a small , distinct eye located in the center of the deep convection , Sergio rapidly intensified to attain peak winds of 110 mph ( 175 km h ) about 6 hours after becoming a hurricane . Upon reaching peak strength , forecasters at the National Hurricane Center predicted Hurricane Sergio to intensify further to reach winds of 120 mph ( 195 km h ) . Shortly after peaking , the hurricane turned to the north and gradually weakened as wind shear from an upper level trough to its northwest increased . By early on November 17 , the low cloud circulation became partially exposed on the west side of the deep convection , and it is estimated that Sergio weakened to a tropical storm later that day . A ridge to its north and northeast turned the storm to the northwest and later to the west as Sergio gradually weakened . Deep convection reformed near the center on November 18 , resulting in a slight increase in winds , though vertical shear quickly weakened it again . Later that day , the storm made its closest approach to land , about 225 miles ( 360 km ) southwest of Michoacn . Early on November 20 it degenerated into a tropical depression , and later that day Sergio dissipated about 360 miles ( 580 km ) southwest of Manzanillo , Mexico , or about 320 miles ( 515 km ) west northwest of where it originally formed . The remnants of Sergio continued westward for about a day before the minimal amount of convection diminished . Impact and records No tropical cyclone warnings or watches were issued in relation to Sergio . Several storm advisories indicated a slight threat to coastal regions of Mexico the National Hurricane Center assessed a 29 probability of tropical storm force winds affecting Barra de Navidad in Jalisco . From November 16 and 17 , the outer rainbands of the hurricane dropped light precipitation along the Mexican coastline , peaking at 1 . 97 inches ( 50 mm ) at Tierra Colorada in Guerrero . Sergio contributed to November 2006 being the most active November since Pacific hurricane records began , based on using the accumulated cyclone energy index . This record later became tied with another season nine years later . After Rosa formed a few days before Sergio , November 2006 became the first since 1961 to have more than one storm in the month . The hurricane is currently the third strongest in the month , as well as the longest lasting .
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2,268 | India competed at the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games ( officially known as the IV Commonwealth Youth Games ) held in the Isle of Man from 7 to 13 September 2011 . India has participated in all the editions of the Commonwealth Youth Games . The nation was represented by the Indian Olympic Association , which is responsible for the Commonwealth Games and Commonwealth Youth Games in India . The delegation of India consisted of 20 competitors , participating in four athletics , badminton , boxing and cycling out of the seven sports of the programme , and 11 officials . Durgesh Kumar , Navjetdeep Singh and Pusarla Sindhu won gold medals for India in 400 m hurdles , shot put , and women 's singles event of badminton , respectively . Badminton player Srikanth Kidambi became the only Indian athlete to win multiple medals , including a silver in mixed doubles ( paired with unk unk ) and a bronze in men 's doubles ( paired with Hema unk ) . India devolved from the top position in the previous Games to the ninth position with total of nine medals ( equally distributed in all medal categories ) . Background India is participating in the Commonwealth Games since their second revision in 1934 ( the then British Empire Games ) , held in London , England . The Indian Olympic Association , the country 's National Olympic Committee , is responsible for the Commonwealth and Commonwealth Youth Games in India . The nation has sent its delegation to all the editions of the Commonwealth Youth Games . India has hosted the Commonwealth and Commonwealth Youth Games in 2010 and 2008 in New Delhi and Pune , respectively . In the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games , India won the most gold ( 33 ) , silver ( 26 ) and total medals , and finished first in the final medal table standings . In the 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games , Indian Olympic Association sent a delegation consisted of twenty athletes ( twelve men and eight women ) and eleven officials ( including coaches and supporting staff ) . Medalists Indian athletes won a total of nine medals at the Games , equally distributed among all categories of medals . India devolved to ninth position in the final medal table standings , behind Malaysia India was ranked first in the medal table of the previous Commonwealth Youth Games , with total 76 medals . Pusarla Venkata Sindhu , supported by the Olympic Gold Quest , won a gold for India in the women 's singles event of badminton . The other two gold medals came from Durgesh Kumar and Navjetdeep Singh , who finished on the top of the podium of 400 m hurdles and shot put , respectively . Badminton player Srikanth Kidambi was the only multiple medal winning Indian athlete at the Games , winning a silver in mixed doubles and a bronze in men 's doubles . Two pugilists , Rahul Poonia and unk Singh , won medals in their respective weight categories . Poonia won silver in light flyweight and Singh won bronze in middleweight . Athletics unk Kaur Dhillon was one of seven athletes to participate in the women 's discus throw event . With a throw of 45 . 27 m , Dhillon won a bronze medal . Durgesh Kumar completed his heat of 400 m hurdles with a time of 53 . 15 and qualified for final . He won a gold in the final after finishing race with a time of 51 . 76 . Another medallist from the Indian side was Navjetdeep Singh , who won a gold medal in shot put event with a throw of 18 . 81 m . Women Men Badminton Seven Indian badminton players went to the Games , competing in all five badminton events . Malaysia dominated in the sport , winning all but one of the five gold medals , the only other gold was won by Pusarla Sindhu in women 's singles . Sindhu defeated Malaysian Sonia unk in the final match by 22 20 , 21 8 . Sameer Verma won silver after losing to unk unk of Malaysia by 16 21 , 21 17 , 15 21 in the final of men 's singles . In men 's doubles , the pair Srikanth Kidambi Hema unk won a bronze after defeating Canadian pair Nathan Choi unk unk . Kidambi , pairing with unk unk , also won silver in mixed doubles event . Boxing Indian Boxing Federation selected four boxers to represent India in the Games . The boxing delegation was also accompanied by two coaches . Rahul Poonia ( light flyweight ) and unk Singh ( middle weight ) won medals for India . Poonia , winning all his preliminary bouts by large margins , lost to Jack Bateson of England with a point difference of 6 13 in the final bout , and won a silver medal . In Singh 's middleweight event , only eight pugilists competed , making first round a quarterfinal match . Singh defeated Nathan Thorley of Wales in his first bout . In the semifinal match , Singh lost to Scottish boxer Grant Quigley , but his semifinal appearance guaranteed him a bronze medal , which he shared with Cody Crowley of Canada . Cycling Two entrants competed for India in the cycling events unk Bhosale and unk unk . Bhosale was ranked 37 in his time trial event and drove 11 . 24 . unk did not finish her time trial event . She was expected to participate in the road race , but she did not start the event . Men Women
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2,269 | Hurricane Arlene was the first tropical cyclone of the 1963 Atlantic hurricane season and one of the wettest storms ever recorded in Bermuda . Originating from a tropical depression on July 31 , Arlene quickly intensified into a Category 2 hurricane on August 2 . After attaining this intensity , the storm quickly weakened and turned west . By August 4 , Arlene had degenerated into a tropical depression . The storm failed to re organize until August 7 , by which time it restrengthened into a tropical storm . The following day , Arlene re attained hurricane status before passing directly over Bermuda . Several hours after passing the island , it reached its peak intensity with winds of 105 mph ( 160 km ) and a barometric pressure of 969 mbar ( hPa 28 . 61 inHg ) . By August 11 , Arlene transitioned into an extratropical cyclone before being absorbed by another cyclone later that day . Along its track , several hurricane warnings and watches were issued for the Leeward Islands however , no damage was reported on any of the islands . The storm has its greatest impact in Bermuda where high winds and near record rainfall downed trees , power lines and caused flooding . Damages across the island amounted to 300 , 000 ( 1963 USD 2 . 1 million 2009 USD ) . Meteorological history Hurricane Arlene was first identified as a tropical depression on July 31 between the Lesser Antilles and the Cape Verde Islands by the TIROS VI satellite . The large cyclone , estimated at five degrees in diameter , steadily tracked westward and eventually northwestward and intensified into a tropical storm on August 2 . Later that day , a Navy reconnaissance aircraft reached the storm and found a clear eye and a barometric pressure of 987 mbar ( hPa 29 . 15 inHg ) , resulting in Arlene being classified a hurricane . This meant that the storm had rapidly intensified from a tropical depression to a hurricane within the span of 18 hours . The intensification continued for another 6 hours , at which time the storm attained its initial peak strength with winds of 100 mph ( 155 km h ) , classifying Arlene as a Category 2 hurricane . Early on August 3 , Arlene began to weaken as it turned towards the west once more . The storm continued to slowly weaken before rapidly degenerating into a tropical depression on August 4 . The quick decrease in intensity was the result of a sudden increase in vertical wind shear near the core of the cyclone . Later that day , the system passed near the northern Leeward Islands however , the depression was poorly organized . The former hurricane steadily tracked northwestward and began to regenerate on August 7 . As the storm began to reorganize , the forward motion had become virtually stationary but later began to increase as Arlene turned northeastward , beginning recurvature into the main belt of the Westerlies . Ships in the vicinity of the depression reported that it had regained gale force winds on August 8 , resulting in advisories on Arlene being re initiated around that time . Later that day , a Navy reconnaissance plane found hurricane force winds around the center of the storm , resulting in Arlene being upgraded to a minimal hurricane a second time . During the day on August 9 , Arlene passed directly over Bermuda with winds of 85 mph ( 140 km h ) . The storm continued to intensify after passing the island , with reconnaissance recorded a minimum pressure of 969 mbar ( hPa 28 . 61 inHg ) and maximum winds reached 105 mph ( 160 km h ) . The hurricane began to weaken hours later , with winds decreasing below 100 mph ( 155 km h ) by the afternoon of August 10 . Shortly after , Arlene transitioned into an extratropical cyclone , while maintaining hurricane force winds , over the north Atlantic . The remnants were absorbed by a larger cyclone near Newfoundland on August 11 . Preparations and impact On August 3 , the National Weather Service in San Juan , Puerto Rico issued hurricane warnings for the northern Leeward Islands and a hurricane watch for the Virgin Islands . Later that day , the watch was expanded to include Puerto Rico . By August 4 , the hurricane warnings were lowered to gale warnings and the watch was discontinued as Arlene weakened to a tropical storm . Later that day , all warnings were canceled since the storm had further weakened to a tropical depression . On August 8 , after Arlene regenerated , residents in Bermuda were advised to not venture offshore on any vessel and rush all hurricane preparations to completion . In Bermuda , Arlene produced winds up to 85 mph ( 140 km h ) and a pressure of 974 . 5 mbar ( hPa 28 . 78 inHg ) was recorded during its passage . A maximum gust of 98 mph ( 158 km h ) was recorded at Kindley Air Force Base . Tree limbs and power lines were downed across the island , a few small boats sank in rough seas and flooding was reported in some areas . The hurricane produced the second highest tropical cyclone related rainfall on the island , peaking at 6 . 05 in ( 154 mm ) . In all , damages in Bermuda amounted to 300 , 000 ( 1963 USD 2 . 1 million 2009 USD ) .
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2,270 | Tropical Storm Brenda was the second named storm of the 1960 Atlantic hurricane season . It developed in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico on July 28 , and after moving ashore over the Florida Peninsula , it attained tropical storm status . Brenda accelerated northeast along the U.S. East Coast , ultimately peaking as a moderate storm with winds of 60 mph ( 97 km h ) before crossing the Mid Atlantic states and New England it dissipated on July 31 over southern Canada . The storm inflicted moderate damage in Florida , the worst since Hurricane Easy of 1950 , and dropped heavy rainfall as far north as New York City . Total damage is estimated at US 5 million , and only indirect deaths are blamed on the cyclone . Meteorological history A weak low pressure area that organized in the northeast Gulf of Mexico began to intensify on July 28 , while located west of the Tampa Bay . Early in its life , the system had a broad circulation with primarily light winds , similar to that of a subtropical storm . The storm is estimated to have become a tropical depression earlier the previous day as it moved toward the northeast . It made landfall along the Florida coast near Cross City and continued inland , gradually accelerating . It likely attained tropical storm status at around 1200 UTC on July 28 while its center was situated west of Tampa . The cyclone was named Brenda after reconnaissance aircraft confirmed that it had reached tropical storm strength . Brenda tracked northward , hugging the Georgia and South Carolina coasts before moving inland over North Carolina . It attained its peak winds of 60 mph ( 97 km h ) in the late evening of July 29 , while situated south of Wilmington . Several hours later , the storm emerged over the Chesapeake Bay moving northeast at about 30 mph ( 48 km h ) . Brenda crossed the Delmarva Peninsula and rapidly tracked into southern New Jersey . The storm crossed the state and eventually made another landfall on Long Island before making yet another landfall in coastal Connecticut . At around 0000 UTC on July 31 , Brenda moved into Massachusetts . Shortly thereafter , it lost its tropical characteristics and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone . It dissipated by August 1 over southern Canada . Because Brenda was in the vicinity of land for most of its course , it was not able to intensify beyond tropical storm status . Preparations and impact In advance of the storm , tropical storm advisories and wind warnings were issued from Florida to Maine . Rainfall from Tropical Storm Brenda affected at least 16 states . The heaviest precipitation fell in western Florida near Tampa , east of the storm 's center the Tampa International Airport recorded 14 . 57 in ( 370 mm ) of rainfall . Extensive flooding occurred in the west central Florida Peninsula . Wind gusts exceeded 60 mph ( 97 km h ) , and the storm produced 10 ft ( 3 . 0 m ) high waves along the coast , leading to considerable erosion . However , storm tides were not severe . Around the Naples area , Brenda 's effects were primarily light , although small boat and dock facilities and roads sustained some damage . A private seawall at Clearwater was breached in two places by the cyclone . Brenda was considered the worst storm to strike the area since Hurricane Easy in 1950 . While no casualties are directly blamed on the storm , at least one traffic related death took place . According to an American Red Cross Disaster Service report encompassing eight Florida counties , 11 houses sustained significant damage , while 567 suffered more minor damage . Around 590 families were affected overall . Total monetary damage is placed at near 5 million . Tides along the Outer Banks of North Carolina were generally reported at 2 ft ( 0 . 61 m ) above normal . In and around Wilmington , the storm caused minor damage to roofs and windows of some beachfront structures . Power was temporarily interrupted due to fallen tree limbs . Heavy rainfall caused flooding on streams and rivers , and in some areas the precipitation helped to end a serious drought . Some boats were swamped , and the winds ripped the roof off a cottage at Long Beach . The heavy rain and high tides flooded tobacco fields . Moderate rains extended northward into the Mid Atlantic states , with lighter totals reported farther north in New York . At New York City , 4 . 79 in ( 122 mm ) of precipitation fell , beating the one day July record of 3 . 80 in ( 97 mm ) set in 1872 . The heavy rains flooded parts of LaGuardia Airport . Elsewhere , reports of 3 to 5 in ( 76 to 127 mm ) were common throughout New Jersey , Delaware , Maryland and Virginia . High winds also affected portions of the northeastern United States , gusting to 55 mph ( 89 km h ) across southern New England . Tides often ran 3 to 4 ft ( 0 . 91 to 1 . 22 m ) above normal throughout the region . The storm caused travel delays and ran several ships aground , but otherwise inflicted little serious damage . The storm forced the cancellation of two American League baseball games and the postponement of several other sporting events .
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2,271 | Voalavo antsahabensis , also known as the eastern voalavo , is a rodent in the family Nesomyidae which occurs in the Anjozorobe forest of eastern Madagascar . Although surveys before 2002 failed to record the species , it is common in some places . However , it is threatened by habitat loss because of slash and burn agriculture . The species was formally described in 2005 and is most closely related to the only other species of Voalavo , Voalavo gymnocaudus from northern Madagascar . The two species of Voalavo are only subtly different in morphology . With a body mass of 20 . 7 to 22 . 6 g ( 0 . 73 to 0 . 8 oz ) , V. antsahabensis is a small rodent . It has a longer tail than V. gymnocaudus , as well as a longer rostrum ( front part of the skull ) and diastema ( gap between the incisors and molars ) , but shorter molar rows . The two species also differ in details of the configuration of the palate . Taxonomy Voalavo antsahabensis was first recorded in 2002 , when three individuals were captured in Madagascar 's Anjozorobe forest . In 2005 , the species was formally described by Steven Goodman and colleagues as Voalavo antsahabensis , the second species in the genus Voalavo . The only previously known species , Voalavo gymnocaudus , occurs further to the north , in the Northern Highlands . The sequences of the cytochrome b gene differ by about 10 in these two species . The specific name , antsahabensis , derives from the name of the village of unk , which is near the place where the holotype was found . The common name Eastern Voalavo has been used for this species . Description Species of Voalavo are small rodents with a delicate skull and without a tuft at the tip of the tail ( as present in the closely related genus Eliurus ) . V. antsahabensis is similar to V. gymnocaudus and differs only in subtle characters . The tail is shorter in V. antsahabensis , but the head and body is slightly longer , as is the ear . However , the latter two apparent contrasts may be the result of differences in measurement technique . In both species , the final 25 to 30 mm ( 1 to 1 . 2 in ) of the tail are covered with white hairs . In three specimens of V. antsahabensis , head and body length ranges from 88 to 91 mm ( 3 . 5 to 3 . 6 in ) , tail length is 106 to 114 mm ( 4 . 2 to 4 . 5 in ) , hindfoot length 19 to 20 mm ( 0 . 75 to 0 . 79 in ) , ear length 15 to 16 mm ( 0 . 59 to 0 . 63 in ) , and body mass 20 . 7 to 22 . 6 g ( 0 . 73 to 0 . 8 oz ) . In the skull , Voalavo antsahabensis has a significantly longer rostrum ( the front part of the skull ) and diastema ( the gap between the incisors and the molars ) . Furthermore , V. antsahabensis has shorter molar rows in both the upper and lower jaws . The back end of the incisive foramina ( openings in the front part of the palate ) , which is located in front of the first molars , is rounded in V. antsahabensis , but angular in V. gymnocaudus . The sutures of the maxillary and palatine bones ( the line where the two bones , part of the skull , join ) are straight and parallel to each other , the toothrows , and the midline of the skull in V. antsahabensis in V. gymnocaudus , in contrast , they are more curved . Statistical analysis of measurements of the skull and teeth clearly separates the two species of Voalavo . Distribution and ecology Voalavo antsahabensis is only known from the forests at Anjozorobe , on the eastern margin of Madagascar 's Central Highlands . Among the specimens found in 2002 , two were captured at 1425 m ( 4680 ft ) altitude on a Uapaca densifolia branch , about 1 . 5 m ( 4 . 9 ft ) over the ground , in moist montane forest , and a third was caught on the ground at 1275 m ( unk ft ) altitude . This last specimen , a male , had its testicles located in the scrotum , and therefore was reproductively mature , even though its skull bones were not completely fused , indicating it was not yet unk mature . Before it was collected in 2002 , the species was not recorded in earlier biological surveys of Anjozorobe , taking place in 1977 1986 and 1996 whether this is because the animal is difficult to collect , because its abundance varies from year to year , or because its distribution is patchy is unknown . Goodman and colleagues argued on the basis of this example that rapid surveys may not necessarily yield complete inventories of the fauna of an area . Later surveys in 2005 and 2006 did find it at several other sites in the region , at some of which it was abundant . Anjozorobe is about 450 km ( 280 mi ) from the nearest occurrence of V. gymnocaudus , and most of the intervening area contains montane forest . However , this forest zone is bisected by the low lying unk Window , which may serve as a barrier between the two species of Voalavo . Conservation status Voalavo antsahabensis is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List because of its small , vulnerable range the Anjozorobe forest is threatened by the practice of slash and burn agriculture ( tavy ) . However , its habitat has been designated as a protected area , the Couloir Forestier d unk unk .
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2,272 | Tora Lian Juin Harris ( born September 21 , 1978 ) is an American high jumper . He is a Princeton University engineer of Taiwanese and African American descent . Harris is an Olympian , a four time national champion and two time bronze medalist in international competition . He represented Team USA twice in the IAAF World Championships in Athletics , three times in the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics and has served as a representative once in the IAAF Continental Cup . He spent two years as the No. 1 ranked high jumper in the United States . In college , Harris was a five time All American , while earning the two individual ( 2002 indoor and outdoor ) National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) championships . He also represented Team USA at one World University Games . He is both the Ivy League indoor and outdoor high jump record holder and Princeton 's only two time NCAA individual event track and field champion . He is an eight time individual Ivy League Heptagonal champion , winning the indoor and outdoor high jump championships four times each . Early life Harris was born in College Park , Georgia . His mother , Susan ( Su Chen ) , is Taiwanese . His father , Tommie Lee Harris ( 1934 1999 ) , was African American . His parents made him take Chinese lessons when he was young , and he now speaks the language fluently . He attended first grade in Taiwan , where he was introduced to jumping . Harris high jumped 7 feet ( 2 . 13 m ) in high school . He placed second in the 1997 Georgia High School Association Class AAA high jump championships . Harris is a 1997 alumnus of South Atlanta High School and was a member of Princeton University 's graduating class of 2002 . Harris studied mechanical and aerospace engineering at Princeton . College career While at Princeton , Harris excelled at intercollegiate athletics . Harris was a four time NCAA Outdoor Track Field All American placing 7th , 5th , 4th and 1st in 1998 , 1999 , 2001 and 2002 , respectively . He also was an NCAA Indoor All American in 2002 when he placed 1st at the NCAA Championships . He did not participate in intercollegiate competition in 2000 in order to prepare for the 2000 United States Olympic trials . He failed to make the team after finishing seventh at the Olympic trials . He earned his the indoor heptagonal championships in 2001 , tying an Ivy League indoor record ( 7 feet 3 . 25 inches ( 2 . 22 m ) ) that still stood as of 2011 . He won the 2001 outdoor Heptagonal championships with a record jump of 7 feet 5 . 25 inches ( 2 . 27 m ) . That year he was the Indoor Heptagonal Championships Most Outstanding Performer and Outdoor Heptagonal Championships Most Outstanding Performer as well as the Mid Atlantic Region Male Indoor Athlete of the Year as selected by the United States Track Coaches Association . He won a bronze medal at the 2001 World University Games . His 2002 outdoor Heptagonal championships performance of 7 feet 7 inches ( 2 . 31 m ) continues to be an Ivy League outdoor record . Harris concluded his collegiate career with a total of eight Ivy League Heptagonal individual championships . He was also both the NCAA indoor and outdoor champion in 2002 . By winning both the indoor and outdoor NCAA championships , he became Princeton 's only two time NCAA individual event track and field champion . He finished second to Yasser El Halaby as Princeton 's Athlete of the 2000 09 Decade . Professional career He was a two time United States National indoor champion ( 2005 and 2007 ) and a two time United States National outdoor champion ( 2006 and 2009 ) . At the 2003 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships , Harris , Charles Austin and Charles Clinger all posted heights of 7 feet 6 . 5 inches ( 2 . 30 m ) , with Austin claiming gold based on fewer misses and Harris winning a jump off for silver . On two other occasions ( 2006 Indoor vs. Adam unk at 2 . 25 m , and 2010 Outdoor vs. Jesse Williams at 2 . 26 m ) he earned silver medals at the US national championships despite clearing as high a height as the gold medalist . He was a member of the United States team at the 2004 Summer Olympics along with high jumpers Matt Hemingway and Jamie Nieto . Harris failed to advance past the first round when he could not clear 7 feet 2 . 5 inches ( 2 . 20 m ) on any of his three attempts leaving him with a best height of 7 feet ( 2 . 13 m ) and a 17th place finish . He represented the United States at the IAAF World Championships in Athletics in both 2003 and 2009 and in the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics in 2003 , 2004 and 2006 . He won a bronze medal at the 2006 IAAF World Cup . Harris was the No. 1 ranked high jumper in the United States according to Track Field News in both 2002 and 2006 and was among the top 10 every year from 2001 through 2009 . His personal best jump is 2 . 33 metres ( 7 ft 7 . 73 in ) , achieved in June 2006 in Indianapolis . Harris trains out of his Chula Vista , California residence . He has developed , produced and marketed the electric unk cargo bike , under the Juiced Riders name .
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2,273 | Supergirl is a pop song by American recording artist and actress Miley Cyrus , performing as Hannah Montana the alter ego of Miley Stewart a character she played on the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana . The song was written by Kara DioGuardi , in collaboration with Daniel James , and produced by Dreamlab . Supergirl was released on August 28 , 2009 , by Walt Disney Records as the lead and only single from the series ' third soundtrack , Hannah Montana 3 . A karaoke version is available in Disney 's Karaoke Series Hannah Montana 3 . The song is characterized by dance pop elements in its musical composition and contains lyrics regarding the lows of pop stardom . The song received average to mixed reception from contemporary critics and garnered average commercial outcomes for Cyrus in several countries , compared to those of her previous efforts as Montana . In the United States , it peaked at number five on Billboard 's Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles ( Hot 100 105 ) . It marked Cyrus ' first entry as Montana in Austria it peaked at number fifty eight on the Austrian Singles Chart . A music video for Supergirl was released , taken from footage of a concert performance . Background Supergirl was co written by Kara DioGuardi , who composed a total of four songs on Hannah Montana 3 , and Dan James . A karaoke version is available in Disney 's Karaoke Series Hannah Montana 3 . Supergirl leaked into the Internet in November 2008 , along with six other songs from Hannah Montana 3 . The song first premiered on Radio Disney on July 2 , 2009 , in order to promote the soundtrack and was afterward released as the lead and only single from Hannah Montana 3 on August 28 , 2009 . Composition Supergirl is pop song with a length of two minutes and fifty five seconds . According to Allmusic , the song contains dance pop and teen pop elements in its music , while Mikael Wood of Entertainment Weekly cited rock music as its main influence . Peter Larsen of The Orange County Register described the track as a bouncy dance pop number also . The song is set in common time and has a moderate rock tempo . It is written in the key of C major and it follows the chord progression unk Fmaj7 C G. Warren Truitt of About.com interpreted the lyrics of Supergirl to be about the lows of pop stardom . Larsen believed the line You just wanna be like me was a representation of Cyrus , a super duper girl . Reception Critical reception Supergirl received average to mixed reception from contemporary critics . Heather Phares of Allmusic said , That feeling of familiarity extends to the songs that haven 't appeared anywhere else . Whether it 's the happy side of Hannah ( ' It 's All Right Here , ' ' Supergirl ' ) ... they sound very much like what came before them . Warren Truitt of About.com agreed but stated , The song may be a little cookie cutter , but at least the songwriters realize who their audience is and they deliver the goods . Mikael Wood of Entertainment Weekly compared the song 's style to that of Kelly Clarkson . While reviewing a concert before the release of the soundtrack , Peter Larsen of The Orange County Register predicted it would be released as a single and become popular with children , yet saturate parents ' ears for a month or two . Chart performance On the week ending July 25 , 2009 , in the United States , Supergirl debuted at number five on Billboard 's Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles Chart ( Hot 100 105 ) upon Hannah Montana 3 's release . The song dropped from the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles Chart in the following week . On the week ending September 11 , 2009 , Supergirl debuted and peaked at number fifty eight on the Austrian Singles Chart , marking Cyrus ' first appearance in the country as Montana it also dropped from the Austrian Singles Chart after one week . Along with its B side , Every Part of Me , the song peaked at number forty two on the German Singles Chart . Live performances On October 10 , 2008 , Cyrus , dressed as Montana , premiered Supergirl , along with eight other songs , at the concert taping for the third season of Hannah Montana , which was set on October 10 in Irvine , California at the Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre . The performance began with Montana , dressed in a white and pink tie dye tee shirt , white pants , pink leather jacket , and large sunglasses . The performance begins with Cyrus sitting in a bench , facing a mirror , as backup dancers apply makeup on her and attend her . She stands up and roams around the stage to sing afterward . Peter Larsen of The Orange County Register called it one of hits of the night . The performance was later premiered as the song 's music video on July 2 , 2009 , on Disney Channel to promote Hannah Montana 3 . Track listings U.S. EU Vinyl CD Single Digital Download Supergirl ( Album Version ) 2 55 Supergirl ( Instrumental ) 2 55 Every Part of Me 3 30 EU 2 Track CD Single Supergirl ( Album Version ) 2 55 Every Part of Me 3 30 Charts
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2,274 | The Grammy Award for Best Disco Recording was an award presented at the 22nd Grammy Awards in 1980 . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . Gloria Gaynor and producers Dino Fekaris and Freddie Perren won the Best Disco Recording award for the song I Will Survive . However , because of a backlash against disco , the Academy discontinued the category before the 23rd Grammy Awards . In 1998 , a similar category , Best Dance Recording , began being awarded to honor vocal or instrumental dance tracks , though there were concerns that the genre would be short lived much like the disco category . Background Disco is a genre of dance music that emerged in the United States during the 1970s . The experimental mixing of records , combined with the newly acquired ability to play longer tracks , resulted in a genre well suited for dance parties . During 1973 74 , unk 's Love Is the Message displayed early rumblings of the disco sound , and shortly afterward the songs Never Can Say Goodbye by Gloria Gaynor , The Hustle by Van McCoy , and Love to Love You Baby by Donna Summer emerged . In 1977 , the opening of Studio 54 in Manhattan , and the success of the film Saturday Night Fever ( which featured John Travolta and music by the Bee Gees ) , added to the popularity of the disco genre . The following year , Paradise Garage opened in Manhattan 's West Village , the New York radio station WKTU became all disco , and the number of discothques in the nation reached nearly 20 , 000 . At the 21st Grammy Awards in 1979 , Saturday Night Fever The Original Movie Sound Track , was named Album of the Year and the Bee Gees received the award for Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group for their contributions to the soundtrack album . By the end of 1979 , the disco industry was estimated to be worth more than 4 billion , more ... than the industries of movies , television or professional sport . However , the disco fad soon began to decline . On July 12 , 1979 , just a few months after Newsweek had reported on the take over of disco music , a tongue in cheek promotional event known as Disco Demolition Night was held at Chicago 's Comiskey Park . During a doubleheader intermission , disc jockey Steve Dahl set ablaze a bin full of disco records , causing a riot within the stadium and gaining international attention . Approximately 10 , 000 disco records were destroyed , and around 50 , 000 rioters participated in the event , staying on the field forcing the Chicago White Sox to forfeit the second game . Nationally , a backlash took hold , as public support for disco music faded . According to author Craig Werner , as quoted in the British newspaper The Independent , the anti disco movement represented an unholy alliance of unk and feminists , progressives and puritans , rockers and reactionaries . None the less , the attacks on disco gave respectable voice to the ugliest kinds of unacknowledged racism , sexism and homophobia . By 1980 mainstream disco had ended , by 1985 WKTU had returned to playing rock music , and by the end of the decade the famous dance venues Studio 54 , Paradise Garage , and Clubhouse had all closed . Award In 1979 , the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences decided to add a Best Disco Recording category for the 22nd Grammy Awards , just as disco was preparing to die . Nominated works for the award included Boogie Wonderland by Earth , Wind Fire , I Will Survive by Gloria Gaynor , Don 't Stop ' til You Get Enough by Michael Jackson , Da Ya Think I 'm Sexy by Rod Stewart , and Dim All the Lights by Donna Summer . On February 27 , 1980 , during a live telecast from Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles , Gaynor was presented the award for Best Disco Recording . Dino Fekaris and Freddie Perren also received awards as the producers of the track . However , because of the decreasing popularity of disco , the Academy eliminated the award category before the 1981 ceremony was to be held . According to the organization , disco was no longer a readily definable separate music form , although its influence had permeated all types of pop music . Despite the award 's short span , the award helped solidify Gaynor as one of the best known female disco artists from the 1970s and the song I Will Survive as one of the most recognized and top selling songs from the genre . Another dance category did not emerge until 1998 when the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording began to honor vocal or instrumental dance tracks , though there were concerns that the award would be short lived much like the disco category . In 2003 , the Academy moved the category from the Pop field into a new Dance field , which currently contains the category Best Electronica Dance Album as well .
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2,275 | Ben Mark Starosta ( born 7 January 1987 ) is a footballer who last played for Nuneaton Town . Born in Sheffield , England he started his career at his hometown club Sheffield United , although he never broke through into the first team . He was loaned to a number of clubs , both in England and Poland , while at United before eventually being released in 2009 . After an aborted spell at Darlington he spent a period at Dandenong Thunder in Australia on non contract terms before signing for Mied Legnica in 2011 . Starosta then spent a year at United Football League side Global in the Philippines . He has also played for the Polish national U 20 team , qualifying as he holds a Polish passport through his family . Club career Sheffield United Starosta started his club career with Sheffield United and had a spell in early 2006 on work experience with non league Tamworth . He signed a new two year contract with Sheffield United in May 2007 , before joining Brentford in a five month loan deal in August 2007 after impressing in two pre season friendlies . Starosta played 23 games in all competitions for Brentford but was sent off during his last game for the club , a Boxing Day fixture against Wycombe Wanderers . In January 2008 , he signed for Bradford City on loan for the rest of the 2007 08 season . Starosta made his debut for Bradford on 26 January 2008 as a half time substitute in a 1 1 draw away at Wrexham . He took Darren Williams ' place at right back the following game and played in a total of 15 games for Bradford , sharing first team duties with Williams . Starosta returned to Sheffield United at the end of the season , but he moved back to League Two when he joined Aldershot Town on a one month loan deal for the start of the 2008 09 season , with a view to a permanent transfer . He made his Aldershot debut in Town 's game against Accrington Stanley at the start of the season , and played four games during his loan spell . With a permanent deal with Aldershot not materialising , Starosta instead joined Polish side unk Gdask on a six month loan deal in September 2008 . He returned to Sheffield United in February 2009 having played eleven times for Gdask but was released at the end of the season as the Blades cut back their squad . Darlington , Alfreton Town , Dandenong Thunder and Frickley Athletic In the summer of 2009 , Starosta was unveiled as one of ten new signings made by Colin Todd at League Two side Darlington following their spell in administration . With the club still in financial difficulty however , he left by mutual consent before the season even started as Darlington tried to cut the wage bill . Starosta then spent a spell with Conference North side Alfreton Town , before , seeking a new club , he took up an offer from Australian Victorian Premier League side Dandenong Thunder , where he played on non contract terms for a period , but soon left citing the poor quality of football on offer . Starosta returned to the UK and signed a short term deal with Frickley Athletic of the Northern Premier League in March 2011 , but failed to make an appearance for the club . Mied Legnica In the summer of 2011 Starosta returned to Poland and signed a one year deal for II liga side Mied Legnica with the option of extending the deal for another two seasons . After a slow start he broke into the first team in August , appearing as a second half substitute in a game against unk Bytw . Establishing himself in the first team he played regularly through the season , making nineteen appearances as Mied gained promotion to I liga . Mied took up the option of extending his deal for him to remain with the club for the new season , however he subsequently left Legnica after the club cancelled his contract by mutual consent . Global In January 2013 Starosta signed for UFL side Global in the Philippines , making his league debut for Global at the start of February , scoring in a 2 0 victory over unk Diliman . Starosta was released by Global the following March , having played 26 games and scored five goals and being made captain of the club . Nuneaton Town After leaving Global , Starosta rejoined his former Global manager Brian Reid , signing for Nuneaton Town in May 2014 . International career Starosta qualified to play for Poland through his grandfather who moved to England from Poland after the Second World War . He received his Polish passport in early 2007 and was called up to the Poland squad for the 2007 FIFA U 20 World Cup . He started all four games , including the 1 0 defeat of Brazil on 30 June . Honours Mied Legnica II liga ( West ) 2012 Global UFL Division 1 Runner up 2013 Personal life Having been born to a Polish family but brought up in England , Starosta speaks English but has learned Polish during his time in the country . As a young player his heroes were David Beckham and Kak . Starosta cites his main hobby as playing golf and also enjoys singing to the point that his Mied team mates suggested he enter the Polish version of Must Be The Music .
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2,276 | Ethnic Cleansing is a first person shooter video game for Microsoft Windows computers , created by the American White nationalist organization National Alliance ( and published by its record label Resistance Records on January 21 , 2002 . As part of a Race War , the player controls a neo Nazi or a Klansman and is tasked with killing stereotypical African American , Latino , and Jewish enemies , ending with former Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon . Using the Genesis3D engine , the National Alliance created the game to be provocative and promote their white supremacist messages . The game has been controversial , with the Anti Defamation League taking particular issue it has been ranked several times as one of the most controversial games ever created . It was planned to be followed by a long line of sequels , but only one , titled White Law , has been released . Overview Ethnic Cleansing is a standard , short length first person shooter set in a single level . The player can select a neo Nazi , a Skinhead , or a Klansman to control . They run through a ghetto that has been compared to New York City and shoot African Americans and Latinos , before descending into a subway system to kill Jews . Finally , the player reaches the Yiddish Control Center , where a fictionalized version of Ariel Sharon , then Prime Minister of Israel , is directing plans for world domination . He carries a rocket launcher the player must kill him to complete the game . The heads up display contains a map of nearby enemies and a counter of remaining ammunition . The game 's soundtrack consists of white power rock music . The game 's art assets and sound effects feature racial stereotypes when shot , black enemies make monkey noises and Jewish enemies shout unk vey . In addition , black enemies are drawn to resemble apes and some wear T shirts with the lettering unk , while Latino enemies wear unk . Development and release Ethnic Cleansing was developed by members of the National Alliance , an American white supremacist organization , and published by Resistance Records , its subsidiary record label that specializes in white power music . It was developed for Microsoft Windows personal computers using Eclipse Entertainment 's open source game engine Genesis3D along with the Reality Factory development kit . The source code was not substantially changed from the original . Instead , the developers simply plugged in images and sounds that they had created in freely available editing programs . Shaun Walker , the chairman of the National Alliance , explained to the United Press that the intent was to produce a racially provocative video game and promote racial segregation . National Alliance founder William Luther Pierce , who also appears in the game to discuss an upcoming white revolution , considered video games to be simply another medium to promote his organization 's messages . Resistance released the game on Martin Luther King , Jr . Day ( January 21 ) of 2002 . It was priced at USD 14 . 88 , a reference to the white supremacist Fourteen Words slogan and the neo Nazi numerical code 88 ( which stands for HH or Heil Hitler ) . Reception and controversy While it received little attention from the mainstream media , the game was immediately controversial among Americans on both sides of the political spectrum . The Anti Defamation League , an anti racist organization that especially covers anti Semitism , publicized the existence of the game and unsuccessfully lobbied the developers of Genesis3D to change their licensing conditions to prohibit the use of the engine to develop racist games . They lobbied the Interactive Digital Software Association to encourage its members to adopt such policies . The game 's reception from critics was extremely negative . David Leonard of PopMatters decried the game 's graphics and playability , While not approving of the game 's message , he argued that it was only the latest in a long line of racist video games that included the likes of Grand Theft Auto III , NFL Street , and Freedom Fighters . In January 2003 , Stuff named Ethnic Cleansing the 40th most controversial video game of all time . The staff opined that only very stupid children would be susceptible to its message and that it would make players feel like small minded assholes . Complex and UGO ranked it as the single most racist video game in history UGO staff writer K. Thor Jensen called it profoundly stupid . Pierce estimated that a couple thousand copies of the game had been sold within a month of its release and that 90 percent of consumers had been white teenage boys . Sequel The National Alliance and Resistance Records released a similar game , White Law , in June 2003 . It starred an Irish American police officer taking up arms to protect his territory from racial minorities . It has been compared to Freedom Fighters , though it was based on the events of Pierce 's novel The Turner Diaries . The National Alliance intended to create an entire line of racist games , but no more have surfaced .
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2,277 | State Route 409 ( SR 409 ) is a short Washington state highway in Wahkiakum County . The highway runs north from the Wahkiakum County Ferry on Puget Island to SR 4 in the county seat of Cathlamet over a distance of 3 . 84 miles ( 6 . 18 km ) . The route connects Westport , Oregon , which is served by the county ferry , and Cathlamet . The highway was referred to as Secondary State Highway 12F ( SSH 12F ) from 1943 until 1964 . SR 409 crosses the Cathlamet Channel on the Julia Butler Hansen Bridge , completed in August 1939 . The bridge is named after former U.S. representative Julia Butler Hansen , who served from 1960 until 1974 representing the third congressional district including Wahkiakum County . Route description SR 409 goes on a 3 . 84 miles ( 6 . 18 km ) route north from the northern ferry dock of the Wahkiakum County Ferry on Puget Island , to SR 4 , also referred to as the Ocean Beach Highway , in the county seat of Cathlamet . The route connects Westport , Oregon , which is served by the county ferry , and Cathlamet . The Washington State Department of Transportation ( WSDOT ) found in 2007 that , on average , more than 2 , 800 motorists utilize the road daily south of the northern terminus in Cathlamet , making the highway the second busiest state route in the county , after SR 4 at unk Road , which more than 4 , 100 motorists utilize daily . SR 409 originates at the ferry dock on Puget Island which serves as the northern end of the Wahkiakum County Ferry . From the dock , the road travels north past the island 's interior , before turning northwest to parallel the Cathlamet Channel . After intersecting Little Island Road , the highway immediately turns onto the Julia Butler Hansen Bridge spanning over the Cathlamet Channel . Once SR 409 exits off the bridge in Cathlamet , it becomes Front Street . Later , after intersecting River Street and Columbia Street , the highway becomes Main Street , the designation used from the intersection point to SR 4 . Ferry The year round Wahkiakum County Ferry , designated Wahkiakum , runs from Westport , Oregon to the southern terminus of SR 409 at Puget Island . The ferry connects SR 409 to a road that connects to U.S. Route 30 , which runs 477 . 02 miles ( 767 . 69 km ) across Oregon Wahkiakum County began running the ferry in 1962 , on a route from Westport to Puget Island . The ferry travels more than eighteen trips per day , and runs from 5 00 am to 10 15 pm and holds up to nine vehicles . The ferry costs 50 for foot passengers , 1 for bicycles , 2 for motorcycles , and 3 for passenger cars and other vehicles under 20 feet ( 6 . 1 m ) . Vehicles over 20 feet ( 6 . 1 m ) cannot travel on the ferry motorhomes , large trucks and trailers are allowed on the ferry for a fare determined by length . Frequent Traveler Tickets can be purchased for 40 ( 22 trips ) and 75 ( 44 trips ) for vehicles under 20 feet ( 6 . 1 m ) . The first ferry launched in June 1925 , when Walter Coates bought two ferries and began to operate them on two different routes , including the current one and a route from Puget Island to Cathlamet . The county later replaced the Puget Island Cathlamet route with the Puget Island Cathlamet Bridge in 1939 . History Bridge ( 1925 1939 ) In June 1925 , Walter Coates began a ferry service across the Cathlamet Channel , from Puget Island to Cathlamet . The original ferry was later replaced by the Cathlamet , which could load cars . In 1932 , Coates sold the ferry service , fearing that the newly completed Ocean Beach Highway , soon to be SR 4 , would press drivers to the competing Astoria Megler Ferry . In 1939 , the year the Julia Butler Hansen Bridge opened , ferry service ceased on the Puget Island Cathlamet run . The Julia Butler Hansen Bridge , which currently carries the route of SR 409 , which will be designated in 1964 , from Puget Island to Cathlamet , opened in August 1939 . The bridge , initially named the Puget Island Cathlamet Bridge , was later renamed to honor Julia Butler Hansen , who served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1939 until 1960 , and U.S. representative for the third congressional district from 1960 until 1974 . Lacey V. Murrow , R. W. Finke and Clark H. Eldridge designed the bridge , which spanned 2 , 433 feet ( 742 m ) and consisted of four steel spans when first constructed . Steel comprises the majority of the truss bridge 's structure . President Franklin D. Roosevelt commenced the five day celebration of the bridge 's opening with a ribbon cutting , remotely controlled from the White House via telegraph . Designation ( 1943 present ) After a reconstruction of the Primary and Secondary Highways in 1943 , the road that later became SR 409 was established as Secondary State Highway 12F ( SSH 12F ) . SSH 12F became SR 409 in 1964 during the 1964 highway renumbering , in which the WSDOT replaced the previous system of Primary and Secondary Highways with a new system called State Routes , which is still in use today . Major intersections The entire highway is in Wahkiakum County .
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2,278 | M 96 is a state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan that runs between Kalamazoo and Marshall . Its termini are both on business loops of Interstate 94 ( I 94 ) the eastern one coincides with an intersection with I 69 . Between Kalamazoo and Marshall it passes through Comstock , Galesburg , Augusta , and Battle Creek intersecting I 194 M 66 in Battle Creek and I 94 in Emmett Township . The highway now known as M 96 was originally part of M 17 . Parts of M 17 that were not used for US Highway 12 ( US 12 ) in 1926 were given the M 96 number . Additional segments of trunkline were added to M 96 , one of which was an Alternate US 12 in the years afterwards . Later , US 12 was moved after the completion of I 94 in southern Michigan . Additional US 12 segments were added to M 96 at that time . The last major changes to M 96 rerouted the highway through the Battle Creek area in late 1998 . Route description M 96 starts at an intersection between King Highway and Business Loop I 94 ( BL I 94 ) east of downtown Kalamazoo . From this point , it follows King Highway over and then along the Kalamazoo River through a suburban residential area . The highway then follows Michigan Avenue east through Comstock and north of Morrow Lake . At Galesburg , M 96 turns northeast along Augusta Drive to Augusta , running through rural farmland . It turns eastward again , skirting the Fort Custer State Recreation Area and the Fort Custer National Cemetery . In Augusta , M 96 turns to follow Dickman Road to Battle Creek , passing north and east of the W. K. Kellogg Airport on Dickman and Helmer roads . On the north side of the airport , M 96 runs concurrently with both BL I 94 and M 37 . M 96 turns south on Helmer Road , separating from the other two trunklines , and then turns east crossing along Columbia Avenue . Here the highway runs along the edge of the city of Battle Creek through more residential areas and crosses the I 194 M 66 freeway next to the Riverside County Club . Near Brownlee Park , M 96 ( Columbia Avenue ) merges with BL I 94 ( Michigan Avenue ) . Together BL I 94 M 96 continues along Michigan Avenue to I 94 where BL I 94 ends . M 96 passes the unk Casino , which is located just east of the ending of BL I 94 , between 11 and 12 Mile Roads . M 96 continues along Michigan Avenue through farmland from Emmett to Marshall ending at an interchange with I 69 BL I 94 . M 96 is maintained by the Michigan Department of Transportation ( MDOT ) like other state highways in Michigan . As a part of these maintenance responsibilities , the department tracks the volume of traffic that uses the roadways under its jurisdiction . These volumes are expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic , which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway . MDOT 's surveys in 2010 showed that the highest traffic levels along M 96 were the 22 , 953 vehicles daily between Capitol Avenue and I 194 in Battle Creek the lowest counts were the 5 , 167 vehicles per day at the western terminus in Kalamazoo . The only section of M 96 that has been listed on the National Highway System ( NHS ) , is in the Battle Creek area between the western BL I 94 M 37 junction and the I 94 interchange . The NHS is a network of roads important to the country 's economy , defense , and mobility . History M 96 was formed as a state trunkline in late 1926 from parts of M 17 . The section of M 17 between unk and Battle Creek was not utilized for US 12 and became M 96 . In 1936 , the Alternate US 12 trunkline was designated through the Battle Creek area along a section of highway that had previously been part of US 12 . This highway was added to M 96 three years later in 1939 . A rerouting of trunklines in 1941 lead to the creation of a Business US 12 ( BUS US 12 ) . M 96 ran concurrently with BUS US 12 and M 37 was truncated to end at M 96 . US 12 was rerouted between Galesburg and Kalamazoo in 1954 , and M 96 was extended along the former US 12 routing to end in Kalamazoo . M 96 was rerouted in downtown Battle Creek to one way streets in 1958 , and BUS US 12 M 96 was extended by the end of the decade when the I 94 US 12 freeway was completed in the area . BUS US 12 was redesignated as Business Loop I 94 ( BL I 94 ) in 1960 and M 96 was shortened to end at BL I 94 M 78 running on Capital Avenue . M 37 was reextended in 1961 in Battle Creek to a concurrent routing with M 96 in 1961 . M 89 was extended along the roadway used by M 96 west of Battle Creek to M 37 in 1965 , truncating M 96 in the process . M 96 was reextended back to Battle Creek along Dickman Road and Fort Custer Highway from Augusta east in 1971 . Several changes in Battle Creek were made to the area trunklines in 1998 . M 96 was extended along BL I 94 ( Dickman Road ) to M 37 ( Helmer Road ) and along M 37 to Columbia Avenue . At Columbia , M 96 then turned west and M 37 turned east . M 96 rejoined BL I 94 along Michigan Avenue to I 94 and on to Marshall . Major intersections
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2,279 | Two Complete Science Adventure Books was a pulp science fiction magazine , published by Fiction House , which lasted for eleven issues between 1950 and 1954 as a companion to Planet Stories . Each issue carried two novels or long novellas . It was initially intended to carry only reprints , but soon began to publish original stories . Well known contributors included Isaac Asimov , Robert A. Heinlein , Arthur C. Clarke , Poul Anderson , John Brunner , and James Blish . The magazine folded in 1954 , almost at the end of the pulp era . Publication history The early 1950s saw dramatic changes in the world of U.S. science fiction ( sf ) publishing . At the start of 1949 , all but one of the major magazines in the field were in pulp format by the end of 1955 , almost all had either ceased publication or switched to digest format . Despite the rapid decline of the pulp market , several new science fiction magazines were launched in pulp format during these years . Planet Stories , a pulp sf magazine that focused on interplanetary adventure , was sufficiently successful to switch to from quarterly to bimonthly in late 1950 . The publisher , Fiction House , also decided to launch a companion magazine , aimed more specifically at the growing readership for pocket books . This was Two Complete Science Adventure Books the first issue was dated Winter 1950 , and it appeared three times a year on a regular schedule . Malcolm Reiss , who oversaw several of Fiction House 's magazines and comics , was editorially involved with the Two Complete Science Adventure Stories throughout its life , but for the first three issues Jerome Bixby , who at that time was editing Planet Stories , took on the new magazine as well . Bixby left in 1951 to work for Standard Publications . After this , Reiss was left in sole control until 1953 , when Katherine Daffron was appointed editor . Daffron edited the magazine for the last two issues . Fiction House tried another companion magazine that year , Tops in Science Fiction , but it lasted for only two issues . Two Complete Science Adventures Books outlasted Tops in Science Fiction by only a few months it was cancelled in 1954 , amid the collapse of the overall pulp market . The final issue was dated Spring 1954 , and Planet Stories itself only lasted until the following year . Two Complete Science Adventure Books typically carried about 80 , 000 words , which was noticeably more than most of its competitors , which usually ran from 45 , 000 to 75 , 000 words . Fiction House paid 300 or more for the original novels it printed . Contents The magazine was originally intended to be a vehicle for reprinting novels . The title and format were an echo of Two Complete Detective Books Magazine , which had been published , also by Fiction House , in the 1930s . The first issue included Isaac Asimov 's Pebble in the Sky , and L. Ron Hubbard 's The Kingslayer . Both of these were reprints Pebble in the Sky had been published by Doubleday earlier in the year , and The Kingslayer had appeared in Hubbard 's short story collection The Kingslayer , published by Fantasy Publishing Company , Inc . , in 1949 . Subsequent issues abandoned the policy of reprinting two novels , and for a while each issue featured one original story and one reprint . In some later issues both stories were original . Although the authors included well known names such as James Blish and Poul Anderson , much of the material was , in the words of sf historian Joseph Marchesani , derivative space opera , particular the original novels . The original stories that appeared in the magazine included The Wanton of Argus , an early story by John Brunner Seeker of the Sphinx , by Arthur C. Clarke Sword of unk and Sargasso of Lost Cities , both by James Blish and The unk Ring , by L. Sprague de Camp . Reprints included The Time Machine by H.G. Wells Beyond This Horizon , by Robert A. Heinlein ( under the pseudonym Anson MacDonald ) and The unk by Jack Williamson . Bixby included a column for readers ' letters in the issues he edited , but Reiss and Daffron did not , and none of the three wrote editorials . The following table shows which novels appeared in which issues . Bibliographic details Two Complete Science Adventure Books was edited primarily by Jerome Bixby for the first three issues , then by Malcolm Reiss for six issues , and then primarily by Katherine Daffron for the last two issues . Reiss was involved with editing the magazine throughout its run . The schedule was completely regular , with issues dated Spring , Summer , and Winter of each year . The magazine was in pulp format throughout each issue was priced at 25 cents . The first three issues were 144 pages this was reduced to 128 pages for the Winter 1951 issue , reduced again to 112 pages for the Spring 1952 issue , and reduced further to 96 pages for the next four issues . The last two issues were 128 pages long . The publisher was listed as Wings Publishing Co . , in New York for the first six issues and in Stamford , Connecticut , for the last five issues .
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2,280 | The Albums 2000 2010 is a box set by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue . It was released by Parlophone Records on 12 July 2011 . The five disc box set was released in Europe , and Australasia , and included all of Minogue 's studio albums from the years 2000 to 2010 Light Years ( 2000 ) , Fever ( 2001 ) , Body Language ( 2003 ) , X ( 2007 ) , and Aphrodite ( 2010 ) . The cover sleeve for the album consisted of fragments from the original artworks inserted into Minogue 's silhouette from her cover for Fever ( 2002 ) . The Albums 2000 2010 marked Minogue 's first box set collection until her October 2012 release , K25 Time Capsule . Upon its release , The Albums 2000 2010 received positive reception from most of the reviewers , who complimented the overall packaging of the box set and her releases through Parlophone . Some of the critics were unimpressed with the exclusion of her work from the PWL and Deconstruction period . The box set charted on the UK Albums Chart at number 37 , and on the Scottish Albums Chart at number 40 . Background and packaging It was first announced on Minogue 's official website in May 2011 that EMI would be releasing a five CD box set . The set includes every previous studio album Minogue had released from 2000 up until 2010 the original versions of Light Years ( 2000 ) , Fever ( 2001 ) , Body Language ( 2003 ) , X ( 2007 ) , and Aphrodite ( 2010 ) , with each disc housed in a cardboard sleeve . The cardboard sleeves contain the original album artwork and one image from each album photo shoot imprinted inside the cardboard sleeve , without the album or Minogue 's logo imprinted . Each box set features a 15 x 10 poster that features the credits and album artworks of the original albums . Inside the box , each of the albums represent a significant colour to which is displays on the front Light Years is light blue , Fever is white , Body Language is black , X is red , and Aphrodite is navy blue . The box set carries out the original first press releases of each album , meaning that the hidden track from Light Years , Password , is featured on the box set , and all released singles from each album use their single edit , and not the album edit . The only song to be absent is the bilingually altered tracks for Minogue 's single , Your Disco Needs You , which appeared as a bonus track on Light Years in different regions . It was her first greatest hits box set to be released in October 2012 , to commemorate her twenty fifth year in music business , she released her second , all singles box set , K25 Time Capsule . Reception The Albums 2000 2010 received positive reviews from most reviewers . A writer from The Sun awarded the box set a perfect five star rating , stating Whether you like hot pant Kylie , indie Kylie , girl next door Kylie or dark Kylie , there 's something for every Kylie fan in this special box set . Made up of five albums and celebrating ten years of tunes , we challenge you to get them out of your head . Scott Harrah from unk awarded the album four and a half stars out of five , but did not review the box set instead , he reviewed each album individually because all albums are so different in both sound and concept . Jon O 'Brien from AllMusic awarded the album three and a half stars , labelling her earlier work as infectious . Despite being critical towards the lack of inclusion of her 1994 1998 Deconstruction work , and the inclusion of her albums , X , and Aphrodite , he concluded Kylie has yet to make that one essential album , and the going through the motions nature of her later releases suggests her time may have passed , but this box set still contains plenty of moments to justify her position as one of the all time premier pop princesses . Writing in retrospect for Daily Express , reviewer Simon Gage was critical of Minogue 's lack of musical progression , charisma , and thought that she lacked a great voice . He stated There are dodgy tracks and the voice , more processed than a tinned pea , does start to grate but it s still pretty good . He awarded the box set three stars . British journalist Paul Du Noyer reviewed the box set , and complimented Minogue 's Parlophone work as ambiguous pop . However , he stated There s a lot of ambitious pop in here , but no conceptual overreach . Not even her experience of breast cancer was allowed to surface in Kylie s subsequent material lyrically , it was straight back to business . It seems unlikely such a 20 year lucky streak could be sustained without a lot of shrewd decisions by Minogue herself . So it seems that everyone is right after all Kylie is A Good Thing , and here is just enough of it . In the United Kingdom , the box set debuted at number thirty seven on the UK Albums Chart , becoming Minogue 's nineteenth album entry since her debut album , Kylie ( 1987 ) . The box set stayed in for one week on the top 100 chart . The Albums 2000 2010 also debuted at number forty on the Scottish Albums Chart for a sole week . Track listing Charts Release history
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2,281 | The Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse is a horse breed from the US state of Kentucky . Developed as an all around farm and riding horse in eastern Kentucky , they are related to the Tennessee Walking Horse and other gaited breeds . In 1989 the Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse Association ( KMSHA ) was formed , and in 2002 , the subsidiary Spotted Mountain Horse Association ( SMHA ) was developed to registered Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses with excessive white markings and pinto patterns . Conformation standards are the same for the two groups of horses , with the main difference being the color requirements . The KMSHA studbook is now closed to horses from unregistered parents , although it cross registers with several other registries , while the SMHA studbook remains open . Characteristics Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses must stand above 11 hands ( 44 inches , 112 cm ) high to be registered . Horses above this height are divided into two categories Class A horses stand taller than 14 . 2 hands ( 58 inches , 147 cm ) , while Class B horses stand 11 to 14 . 1 hands ( 44 to 57 inches , 112 to 145 cm ) high . Horses registered with the Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse Association ( KMSHA ) may be found in all solid colors , with white markings allowed on the face , legs and small patches of the belly . Horses with excessive white , including bald face or full white faces , white above the knees or hocks , or showing pinto markings ( including tobiano , overo and sabino ) are instead registered with the Spotted Mountain Horse Association ( SMHA ) , a subsidiary of the KMSHA . Solid colored foals of two SMHA registered parents are usually registered with the SMHA , but solid colored geldings of SMHA registered parents may be registered with the KMSHA , though they cannot be dual registered . Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses are mid sized horses , with a well muscled and compact build . The breed has a flat facial profile , a mid length , well arched neck , a deep chest and well sloped shoulders . They are known to be self sufficient and easy keepers . To be registered , Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses must demonstrate a gentle temperament and willing disposition to registry examiners . The breed exhibits a natural ambling gait , called the single foot , which replaces the trot seen in a majority of horse breeds . Both gaits are an intermediate speed between a walk and a canter or gallop ambling gaits are four beat gaits , whereas the trot is a two beat gait . The extra footfalls provide additional smoothness to a rider because the horse always has at least one foot on the ground . This minimizes movement of the horse 's topline and removes the bounce of a two beat gait , caused by a moment of suspension followed by the jolt of two feet hitting the ground as the horse shifts from one pair of legs to the other . The value of an intermediate speed is that the horse conserves energy . More than thirty horse breeds are gaited , able to perform a four beat ambling gait , and some can also trot . Registration Mares and stallions from non KMSHA parents may not be registered in the main studbook , unless the parents are registered with the Rocky Mountain Horse Association , Mountain Pleasure Horse Association or Kentucky Naturally Gaited Horse Association . Geldings from unregistered parents may be registered if they otherwise meet breed standards . Mares from unregistered parents may be registered as Appendix their colts must be gelded , but resultant fillies may be registered as full Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses . The Spotted Mountain Horse studbook is still open to all unregistered horses who otherwise meet breed standards . History The Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse developed in eastern Kentucky , and probably have their ancestry in smooth gaited horses from the southeastern US and the now extinct Narragansett Pacer . They are related to the Tennessee Walking Horse and other gaited breeds , but their exact early history is unknown . Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses have a similar history to the Rocky Mountain Horse , and together are sometimes called Mountain Pleasure Horses . The Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse was developed by farmers looking for a small horse that could perform dual duty as a powerful work horse and comfortable riding horse . They were used for long travel over rough terrain , and were developed to have gentle temperaments so that they could be handled by young members of the farm families . Today , they continue to be used as riding horses , and are regarded as excellent trail mounts in rugged terrain . The KMSHA was founded in 1989 . In 2002 , a subsidiary organization , the SMHA , was formed to register horses who had more white markings than were allowed by the KMSHA . As of 2011 , the KMSHA has over 3 , 200 members and has registered over 24 , 000 horses . The majority of the horses are in Kentucky , but the breed is also seen throughout the US , as well as in Canada and a small population in Europe . The KMSHA and SMHA host a joint championship show each year at the Kentucky Horse Park .
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2,282 | We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again is a song by Jeffrey Comanor from the album A Rumor in His Own Time , which debuted in September 1976 . Written by Comanor , the song describes a couple who spend a night together , one which the narrator wishes would never end . Both the song , which Epic Records released as a single , and album failed to chart . Discovered four months later by Arista Records President Clive Davis , We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again was covered by soft rock duo Deardorff Joseph for their eponymous debut album , released on Arista . After Deardorff Joseph disbanded , Marcia Day , who managed Maureen McGovern , became the manager of Deardorff , while Susan Joseph , who managed England Dan John Ford Coley , became the manager of Joseph . Both McGovern and England Dan John Ford Coley released covers of We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again in February 1978 while McGovern 's failed to chart , Dan Coley 's spent six weeks at number one on the Billboard US Easy Listening chart , reached number two on the RPM Canada Adult Contemporary chart , and went to numbers nine and eleven on the magazines ' respective overall charts . Original release Lyricist and composer Jeffrey Comanor recorded We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again for the album A Rumor in His Own Time , which debuted in September 1976 . Produced by John Boylan and released on Epic Records , both the album and the single failed to chart . We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again describes a couple that spends a night together , one which the narrator wishes would never end . Comanor , who wrote the song , stated that his lyrical inspiration originated from a girl he dated who owned a wooden unk radio that continued to play music quietly when he attempted to turn it off . When Comanor 's next girlfriend , Molly , left the city where he lived , he remembered their last night together and how he hated that night to end a combination of the two memories formed the introductory lyrics of the song . Covers After its release , Arista Records President Clive Davis found the song and wanted Melissa Manchester to record a cover instead , he gave it to Deardorff Joseph , a group that previously opened for Seals and Crofts , and they recorded it for their eponymous debut album . Released as a single in January 1977 , the song peaked at number twenty two on the US Easy Listening chart for two weeks in April 1977 . Nineteen months after its initial debut , England Dan John Ford Coley covered the song for the album Some Things Don 't Come Easy . Produced by Kyle unk and engineered by unk and Marshall Morgan help from Tom Knox , Big Tree Records issued it as a single on February 17 , 1978 the song 's debut preceded its album 's . A Billboard magazine writer described England Dan John Ford Coley 's cover of We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again as a soft ballad with a catchy chorus and excellent vocal harmonizing . In a review of Some Things Don 't Come Easy for AllMusic , Joe Viglione called it far and away the best song on the album and wrote that its hook and instrumentation are so radio friendly that the 45 could be put on repeat and after the 30th spin not bore like many of the tracks on Some Things Don 't Come Easy . Another Billboard writer listed We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again as a hot cut from the album , along with You Can 't Dance , Calling for You Again , and Lovin ' Someone on a Rainy Night . Calling for You Again , written by Coley and Bob Grundy , was the B side to the single . In February , Maureen McGovern also recorded a cover that Epic Records released as a single . After Deardorff Joseph separated , Marcia Day , who managed McGovern , became the manager of Danny Deardorff , while Susan Joseph , who managed Dan Coley , became the manager of Marcus Joseph . According to Day , Susan told her that We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again would absolutely not be Dan Coley 's next single , and that McGovern could release a cover Susan , however , states that she did not know of its plans for future release . On March 17 , 1978 , McGovern promoted her song on season four of the variety talk show Dinah , which aired on NBC . Described by Epic as the title song to McGovern 's newest album , the cover did not appear on her next album and the single failed to chart . Chart performance On March 25 , 1978 , in their Top Album Pick section , Billboard predicted that the first single from Some Things Don 't Come Easy would reach the top ten afterwards , it went to number nine on the magazine 's Hot 100 chart and spent six weeks at number one on their Easy Listening chart . Cashbox placed the song at number fourteen on their US Top 100 Singles chart for the week that ended on April 29 , 1978 . In Canada , We 'll Never Have to Say Goodbye Again peaked on the RPM Top Singles chart at number eleven , while on the Adult Contemporary Tracks chart , the song peaked at number two behind Dust in the Wind by the progressive rock band Kansas . Weekly singles charts Year end charts
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2,283 | Pegasus Bridge is a turn based strategy video game developed and published by Personal Software Services . It was released exclusively in the United Kingdom for the ZX Spectrum , Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64 in 1987 . It is the ninth instalment of the Strategic Wargames series . The game is set during the landings in Normandy on D Day in the Second World War and revolves around the British 6th Airborne Division 's attempts to secure a bridge over the Caen Canal . The game was designed by Alan Steel , who developed all of the games games in the Strategic Wargames series . The player can assume control of either British or German forces , in which gameplay of Pegasus Bridge focuses on British forces securing various locations in Normandy or German forces defending the area from the attacking British . The game received mixed reviews upon release , with praise being directed at its attractive graphics , however a major bug which caused the game to crash was discovered during one reviewer 's initial testing . Gameplay The game is a turn based strategy and revolves around the British 6th Airborne Division 's attempts to secure Bnouville Bridge ( later renamed Pegasus Bridge , in honour of the battle ) over the Caen Canal during the Normandy landings on 5 June 1944 . The player is able to command either the British or German side in the game . Regardless of the side chosen , British units will not appear on the map at the beginning of the game as the British 6th Airborne Division have not yet made their parachute drops . German forces are distributed around the four far corners of the map , with a few units positioned near Bnouville Bridge . If playing as the British , the objective is to defeat all German forces and secure all bridges in the area , with the capture or destruction of the Merville Battery being the ultimate goal . If playing as the Germans , the only objective is to hold off all British attacks for 18 hours , which is the equivalent to 36 in game turns . Pegasus Bridge features ten different types of terrain , which affect the movement of the troops and the defensibility of certain areas . If units are situated in towns or woodland areas , their attacks will be less effective . High wind speeds will also render British parachuting troops temporarily ineffective . Units on the map are presented as small squares and can be stacked together to increase defence . While British forces may destroy various bridges throughout the game , certain bridges such as those over the Caen Canal and Orne river must be preserved in order to win the game . Background Personal Software Services was founded in Coventry , England , by Gary Mays and Richard Cockayne in November 1981 . The company was known for creating games that revolved around historic war battles and conflicts , such as Theatre Europe , Bismarck and Falklands ' 82 . The company had a partnership with French video game developer ERE Informatique and published localised versions of their products to the United Kingdom . The Strategic Wargames series was conceptualised by software designer Alan Steel in 1984 . During development of these titles , Steel would often research the topic of the upcoming game and pass on the findings to other associates in Coventry and London . In 1983 , the company received recognition for being one of the top software houses in the United Kingdom , and was a finalist for BBC Radio 4 's New Business Enterprise Award for that year . In 1986 , Cockayne took a decision to alter their products for release on 16 bit consoles , as he found that smaller 8 bit consoles , such as the ZX Spectrum , lacked the processing power for larger strategy games . The decision was falsely interpreted as pulling out from the Spectrum market by video game journalist Phillipa Irving . Following years of successful sales throughout the mid 1980s , Personal Software Services experienced financial difficulties , in what Cockayne admitted in a retrospective interview that he took his eye off the ball . The company was acquired by Mirrorsoft in February 1987 , and was later dispossessed by the company due to strains of debt . Reception The game received mixed reviews upon release . Owen Bishop of Your Sinclair found a major bug during testing of the game which caused the game to crash , and ultimately affected his experience , stating that being Brits we were obviously too gentlemanly to take advantage of such a situation . Bishop also criticised the high speed at which the in game messages flash as excessive . Philippa Irving of Crash criticised the presentation of the game , saying that the annoying key action ruined playability and that its controls were limited by a cursor . However , Irving praised its graphics and historical accuracy , stating that it was attractive yet unk and clearly based on the historical situation . A reviewer of Computer and Video Games called it an excellent game , and praised its value for money . However , the reviewer criticised the slow moving pace of the game , as opposed to the fast tempo of the historical battle .
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2,284 | Bart Star is the sixth episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 9 , 1997 . Written by Donick Cary and directed by Dominic Polcino , the episode guest starred Joe Namath , Roy Firestone , and Mike Judge . The episode sees Homer becoming the coach of a pee wee football team and expresses nepotism for Bart by making him the quarterback which receives backlash from the whole team , including Bart himself . The episode was critically well received . Plot Following a Health convention held in Springfield , the children of Springfield ( including Bart ) are deemed to be overweight . To help them stay in shape , the parents enroll their children in pee wee football . The coach , Ned Flanders , helps keep the team undefeated , but Homer heckles him relentlessly . Flanders finally snaps and turns the job over to Homer . Homer initially acts tough towards Bart , but when he is reminded of how his father was hard on him as a child , he decides to be nicer to Bart. The next day , he decides to cut many players from the team , and replaces star quarterback Nelson with Bart , causing an uproar from the team . Bart is unable to play the position well and causes the team 's first loss . While training at night Bart meets Joe Namath , who promises to help him , but soon after Joe 's wife fixes the car , which had broken down due to vapor lock , Joe leaves without helping Bart. Lisa suggests that Bart pretend he is injured to get out of quarterbacking , which he eagerly does , but Homer claims that without Bart the team must forfeit . This causes Bart to become angry and quit the team . The next game , Nelson is made quarterback again and the team wins , but Homer has nobody to celebrate with and becomes lonely . Afterwards , Homer finds Bart and persuades him to rejoin the team . The next day , during the championship game , the score is tied when Chief Wiggum comes to arrest Nelson . Bart decides to pretend he is Nelson and the team finally wins the championship . Production The episode was written by Donick Cary , who obtained inspiration from an experience in high school he had with a football coach who had a son on the team . Similarly , show runner Mike Scully had been on a soccer team whose coach would give his son special treatment . George Meyer obtained inspiration for the scene toward the beginning of the episode where Rainier Wolfcastle is taunting the children from an experience he had with Arnold Schwarzenegger . He was following Schwarzenegger during a hike , and overheard him taunting his children . Schwarzenegger 's influence was seen in the same scene , as he was appointed to be the chairman of the President 's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports , on which he served from 1990 to 1993 . The final scene took a long time to write . The writing staff found it difficult to come up with a resolution that would end on positive terms for Bart and Homer , and was originally different when it was read at the writing table . Casting Joe Namath , Roy Firestone , and Mike Judge guest starred in the episode . Scully claims that Judge was paid 1 , 000 , 000 to appear in the episode , where he voiced the cameo of Hank Hill . The appearance was actually a cross promotion for Judge 's animated show King of the Hill which followed The Simpsons on Fox 's Sunday schedule in 1997 . Other King of the Hill characters ( Hank 's niece unk , Hank 's wife Peggy , Hank 's son Bobby , and Hank 's friends , Dale Gribble , Bill unk , and Boomhauer ) were present in the scene , although none of them spoke . Marv Albert was originally going to play Firestone 's part as a sports radio host , but was dropped following sexual assault charges that were made against him around the time the episode was in pre production . Albert would later appear , however , in the season 20 episode The Burns and The Bees . Reception In its original broadcast , Bart Star finished 27th in ratings for the week of November 3 9 , 1997 , with a Nielsen rating of 10 . 8 , equivalent to approximately 10 . 6 million viewing households . It was the third highest rated show on the Fox network that week , following The X Files and King of the Hill . Since airing , the episode has received positive reviews from critics . The authors of the book I Can 't Believe It 's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide , Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood , thought well of the episode , saying , A fun episode , where you root for Bart and , unusually , Nelson all the way through . Homer is just too stupid for words , but that 's excusable because we finally see Ned Flanders lose it , big time In 2011 , Keith Plocek of LA Weekly 's Squid Ink blog named the scene in which Homer tries to purchase beer that has candy floating in it ( which Homer calls unk ) at the Kwik E Mart as the fourth best food moment on the show . The director of the episode , Dominic Polcino , greatly enjoyed the episode , and claims that it is his favorite episode that he directed .
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2,285 | The 1st Special Air Service Brigade ( 1st SAS ) was a fictional brigade during the Second World War . It was first formed in Cairo in 1941 , as part of a deception by Brigadier Dudley Clarke , to play on Italian fears of airborne attacks . Clarke used documents , photographs , news reports and even fake SAS soldiers to plant information about the brigade he even named the Cairo based deception department , ' A ' Force , to bolster evidence of their existence . In the summer of 1941 , when David Stirling was pitching his idea for a dedicated airborne commando unit ( which later evolved into the Special Air Service ) he obtained Clarke 's support partly by promising to use the SAS name . From late 1942 , Clarke used the 1st SAS in his major order of battle deception ( codenamed Operation Cascade ) . The brigade formed part of the fictional 4th Airborne Division between then and the end of the war it was used to mislead Axis commanders about the strength of Allied forces in North Africa , and as part of several specific tactical deceptions . Formation In late 1940 the Allies recovered the journal of an Italian officer during an operation at Sidi Barrani . The diary referred to fears of British paratroopers being landed to the Italian rear . At the time the Allies had no airborne troops in the North African region . Dudley Clarke , in charge of military deception in the region , decided to play on these fears by creating a fictional airborne unit . Clarke began Operation Abeam in January 1941 by creating a paper trail for the 1st SAS Brigade . The fictional unit was supposedly training for special missions in Transjordan . Clarke established their existence using documentary and physical subterfuge . Photographs of parachutists were printed in local papers , documents were planted with the enemy , Allied airmen were warned to look out for gliders ( Victor Jones mocked up some dummies to support the story ) , and a section of desert was cordoned off for training . To aid the rumours , two soldiers were dressed in 1st SAS uniforms and wandered around the Allied held cities of Cairo , Port Said , and Alexandria , where they were briefed to hint at missions in Crete or Libya . By March , Clarke 's deception operations had grown and it was decided to create a formal department . He chose the name Advanced Headquarters ' A ' Force the ' A ' being a subtle reference to airborne in the hope that it would help support the existence of paratroopers in the area ( as well as hide the true purpose of the department ) . Clarke continued actively promoting the existence of 1st SAS until around June 1941 , and it appears that Axis commanders accepted the brigade as real . Clarke had created the unit with no specific aims , although it did mean that the enemy command had to factor the existence of airborne troops into any battle plan . However , Abeam and the 1st SAS represented his first attempt at inflating the apparent strength of Allied forces , a tactic he would use significantly over the rest of the war . The brigade occasionally featured in Clarke 's tactical deceptions such as a March 1941 threat to Axis supply lines near Tripoli . Stirling 's SAS In May 1941 , David Stirling , an injured British forces Commando in the North Africa theatre , proposed the idea of small airborne special forces units to operate behind enemy lines . Whilst lobbying for support within Middle East Command it came to Clarke 's attention , who offered his backing provided the force could also be used to help his own deception schemes . The name SAS came mainly from the fact I was anxious to get the full co operation of a very ingenious individual called Dudley Clark e , who was responsible for running a deception operation in Cairo ... Clark e was quite an influential chap and promised to give me all the help he could if I would use the name of his bogus brigade of parachutists , which is the Special Air Service , the SAS Stirling 's plan received approval in the summer of 1941 and the unit was designated L Detachment , Special Air Service . The name was intended to add further evidence of an airborne presence , specifically 1st SAS , in the region . 4th Airborne Through 1941 and 1942 , 1st SAS formed part of Clarke 's overall strategy to deceive the Axis about the strength of Allied forces in the region . In early 1942 , this ad hoc situation was formalised as Operation Cascade an entire fictional order of battle featuring numerous units . By late 1942 , the Allies had begun to train a number of real airborne units in the North African theatre . Clarke created the fictional 4th Airborne Division out of several units , both real and fictional , including 1st SAS . Under the umbrella of Cascade , the aim was to mislead the Axis that paratroopers , most of whom were still training , posed a realistic threat . The 4th Airborne were utilised in a number of specific operational deceptions over the next few years ( including Operation Zeppelin and Operation Barclay ) , most often to threaten fictional invasions as a distraction from real Allied operations .
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2,286 | Tropical Depression One was the first tropical cyclone to develop during the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season . Upon being declared a tropical depression on May 28 , it marked the third time that a pre season storm formed in three consecutive years . Originating from a disorganized area of low pressure off the coast of North Carolina , Tropical Depression One quickly developed over the Gulf stream . After attaining winds of 35 mph ( 55 km h ) along with a minimum pressure of 1006 mbar ( hPa 29 . 71 inHg ) , the depression began to weaken due to increasing wind shear and cooling sea surface temperatures . During the afternoon of May 29 , convection associated with the system was significantly displaced from the center of circulation this led the National Hurricane Center to issue their final advisory on the depression as it had degenerated into a remnant low pressure area . As a tropical cyclone , Tropical Depression One had no effects on land however , the precursor to the depression brought minor rainfall and light winds to parts of coastal North Carolina . Its track , formation , and timing were relatively similar to Tropical Storm One of the 1940 Atlantic hurricane season . Meteorological history During mid May , a frontal boundary stalled near The Bahamas and slowly degenerated . On May 25 , a shortwave trough caused the northern portion of the system to move north of the Bahamas . The following day , an area of low pressure developed along the boundary about 290 miles ( 465 km ) south southwest of Wilmington , North Carolina . Tracking towards the north , the system became increasingly organized . On May 27 , the National Hurricane Center ( NHC ) began issuing Tropical Weather Outlooks for the low while it was located about 120 miles ( 195 km ) south of Cape Hatteras , North Carolina . An upper level ridge situated to the southeast of the system was steering it towards the northeast . The NHC issued their final outlook on the low around 0000 UTC on May 28 while the system was located about 90 mi ( 150 km ) east of Cape Hatteras , North Carolina , as development of the low was not expected . On May 28 , the NHC once again initiated outlooks on the system as convection quickly redeveloped . Around 1500 UTC , they designated the system as Tropical Depression One while it was located about 310 mi ( 500 km ) south of Providence , Rhode Island . Upon being classified , the depression exhibited deep convective activity , with the center of circulation situated on the northwestern edge . The redevelopment of the system was the result of low wind shear and warm waters , up to 26 C ( 79 F ) , from the Gulf Stream . Later that day , convection began to diminish as the depression tracked into an area of progressively higher shear and cooler waters . By this time , the system was embedded within the westerlies between a subtropical ridge to the southeast and a trough to the northwest . Around 2330 UTC , a unk satellite pass over the depression found tropical storm force winds however , the winds were determined to have been affected by rain and therefore not representative of the depression 's actual intensity . Following the satellite pass , the center of circulation became partially exposed to the northwest and the area of convection associated with the depression diminished in area . Early on May 29 , Tropical Depression One nearly attained tropical storm status , with intensity estimates using the Dvorak Technique reaching T2.5 , or 40 mph ( 65 km h ) however , the estimates were also as low as unk , leading to the intensity of the depression remaining at 35 mph ( 55 km h ) . After a burst in convective activity overnight , shower and thunderstorm activity waned once more by 0700 UTC . Situated at the edge of the Gulf Stream , intensification into a tropical storm was no longer anticipated . Later that morning , the center of circulation became fully exposed by strong wind shear an approaching trough also began absorbing the small depression by this time . The remaining convection associated with the system was displaced to the southeast . With no convection developing around the depression , it degenerated into a remnant low pressure area during the afternoon of May 29 . At 2100 UTC , the NHC issued their final advisory on Tropical Depression One . The remnants of the depression persisted until 0600 UTC on May 30 , at which time it was absorbed by a warm front south of Nova Scotia . Preparations , impact and records The precursor to Tropical Depression One produced light showers over parts of North Carolina on May 27 . Rainfall in Hatteras amounted to 0 . 1 in ( 2 . 5 mm ) on May 27 sustained wind reached 15 mph ( 24 km h ) and gusts were measured up to 23 mph ( 37 km h ) . The lowest sea level pressure recorded in relation to the system was 1009 mbar ( hPa 29 . 81 inHg ) . Increased winds along coastal areas of the state was possible in relation to the outer edges of the depression . Tropical Depression One was the farthest north a May tropical cyclone is known to have formed , according to the NHC 's Tropical Cyclone Report .
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2,287 | The 1977 Oman cyclone was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record to strike Oman . The storm formed off the west coast of India in the Arabian Sea , and curved westward to reach peak winds of 110 km h ( 70 mph ) . The storm struck Masirah Island and later southern Oman on June 13 , before dissipating the next day over Saudi Arabia . Producing wind gusts to 230 km h ( 140 mph ) , the storm was the strongest cyclone on record to hit the Arabian Peninsula until Cyclone Gonu hit in 2007 . About 95 of unk Island was damaged by the strong winds , including much of the military base . The cyclone dropped 430 . 6 mm ( 16 . 95 in ) of rainfall over a 24 period on unk , which was the highest daily total in the country as of 2003 . Overall , the storm killed at least 105 people and left 50 , 000 homeless . Meteorological history On June 6 , a monsoon depression formed in the Arabian Sea about 500 km ( 315 mi ) south southwest of Goa , India . It initially paralleled the Indian coastline , becoming a tropical storm on June 9 with a minimum barometric pressure of 986 mbar ( 29 . 1 inHg ) . That day , the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ( JTWC ) began tracking the system . The storm moved northward , followed by a northwest turn on June 10 . It curved toward the west , and the JTWC reported the cyclone as reaching peak 1 minute sustained winds of 110 km h ( 70 mph ) on June 11 . In addition , the India Meteorological Department estimated the system became a severe cyclonic storm , which has sustained winds of at least 118 km h ( 73 mph ) . On June 12 , the storm attained a minimum pressure of 975 mbar ( 28 . 8 inHg ) while continuing westward . On June 13 , the eye of the cyclone passed over Masirah Island for a 40 minute period , producing peak sustained winds of 167 km h ( 104 mph ) and a minimum pressure of 956 mbar ( 28 . 2 inHg ) . The JTWC issued the final advisory at 0800 UTC that day . The Oman Department of Meteorology reported the storm as being much stronger than the JTWC , with sustained winds of 165 mph ( 105 km h ) and gusts to 230 km h ( 140 mph ) . The cyclone was the strongest on record to make landfall on the Arabian Peninsula , until Cyclone Gonu surpassed it in 2007 . Shortly after striking Masirah , the storm moved ashore mainland Oman , causing rapid weakening to tropical depression status . The system dissipated on June 14 after crossing into southeastern Saudi Arabia . Impact and aftermath Along the southwest coast of India , the storm produced high swells of up to 7 m ( 23 ft ) in conjunction with the monsoon . The waves affected several drilling rigs operated by the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation , forcing work to shut down . The tanker Texaco Plymouth experienced significant structural damage from the storm , losing two lifeboats . The freighter unk Island in the central Arabian Sea experienced 139 km h ( 86 mph ) winds before sinking , which took the lives of 23 of its crew . The military base in Masirah was first warned about the cyclone on June 11 . The next day , officials there raised a Category 3 warning , which was soon upgraded to Category 2 . Aircraft were stored in hangars , and workers inspected the roofs of buildings before riding out the storm in a shelter . Hurricane force winds struck during the morning hours of June 13 , with sustained winds peaking at 167 km h ( 104 mph ) and gusts to 200 km h ( 124 mph ) . After a lull during the eye 's passage , winds then increased out of the southwest towards 185 km h ( 115 mph ) . The strong winds caused buildings to collapse and roof beams to be blown through the air . Every building at the base sustained damage , and virtually all homes in the nearby village were leveled . The radio relay station on the island was also damaged . Overall , the storm wrecked about 95 of the buildings in Masirah , leaving 2 , 000 people homeless there . Rain totals were significant , with a total of 482 . 3 mm ( 18 . 99 in ) falling 40 kilometres ( 25 mi ) northeast of Salalah . A station on Masirah Island reported 430 . 6 mm ( 16 . 95 in ) in 24 hours , more than six times the average annual precipitation there . The total was the highest daily rainfall in the period from 1977 to 2003 nationwide . Floods washed away thousands of animals as well as lime and palm tree plantations , downing thousands of trees across the region . The rains flooded the main highway from Muscat to Salalah , and also accumulated in the typically dry Dhofar region . There , most drains were unable to withstand the unusual flooding . The cyclone was considered the worst disaster in Oman during the 20th century , and remains the deadliest cyclone as of 2010 . Overall , the cyclone caused 105 deaths , and over 5 , 000 injuries , and left about 50 , 000 people homeless . The death toll is disputed , as another report indicated 110 deaths in Oman . After the storm , neighboring Saudi Arabia sent assistance to Oman , as did other nations in the Persian Gulf . The cyclone struck before the nation created a coordinated disaster network in 1988 as a result , the relief work was spread among various agencies .
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2,288 | Entombed is an action adventure video game developed and published by Ultimate Play the Game for the Commodore 64 in 1985 . It is the second instalment of the Pendragon series and is a sequel to The Staff of Karnath . The game features series protagonist and aristocrat adventurer , Sir Arthur Pendragon , as he attempts to escape an ancient Egyptian tomb before all oxygen runs out . As with its predecessor , Entombed is presented in an isometric format . The game was created and designed by brothers Dave and Bob Thomas , with Ultimate founders Tim and Chris Stamper otherwise being uninvolved in development . Entombed took considerably longer to develop due to the re programming of its game engine . It received positive reviews from critics upon release , with praise being directed at its playability and graphics . It was followed by a sequel , Blackwyche , which was released later in the year . Gameplay The game is presented in a isometric format and is set inside an ancient Egyptian tomb . Sir Arthur Pendragon 's main objective is to escape the tomb , the Great Sphinx , before all oxygen runs out . To achieve this end , the player must navigate a series of chambers linked by corridors , solve logic puzzles and deal with hostile enemies by either avoiding or fighting them . The tomb has seven floors . Pendragon 's only form of defence is his whip , which he can utilise to defend himself from enemies . The player also has access to a torch , which will allow them to see in certain pitch black areas of the tomb . Unlike other games from the Pendragon series , Entombed features no collectable items required to finish the game . The player character has a life bar , which will deplete every time he makes contact with an enemy . To replenish life , the player must kill crows which will spawn in rooms at various times , and upon its death the crow will drop an Ankh symbol , the ancient Egyptian Symbol of Life . If the player completely runs out of life or if all the oxygen runs out from the tomb , then the game will end . Development and release Ashby Computers and Graphics was founded by brothers Tim and Chris Stamper , along with Tim 's wife , Carol , from their headquarters in Ashby de la Zouch in 1982 . Under the trading name of Ultimate Play the Game , they began producing multiple video games for the ZX Spectrum throughout the early 1980s . The company was known for their reluctance to reveal details about their operations and upcoming projects . Little was known about their development process except that they used to work in separate teams one team would work on graphics while the other would concentrate on other aspects such as sound or programming . The Pendragon series and The Staff of Karnath were materialised by brothers Dave and Robert Bob Thomas , rather than Ultimate founders Tim and Chris Stamper . Dave Thomas began his career in 1983 when he began producing games for the Atari 400 , including moderate sellers such as Warlok , which won him GB 5 , 000 in a competition from Calisto Software . Although he later began working for the company in producing video games , he quit due to the strain of his daily 68 miles ( 109 km ) commute . Shortly after quitting Calisto Software , Dave Thomas started work on The Staff of Karnath . Bob Thomas was a trained technical illustrator for the Ministry of Defence and had experience with designing interiors for the Royal Navy , which later aided to the military themed visuals of the Pendragon series . As with all games in the Pendragon series , Entombed was programmed by Dave Thomas , whereas the graphics were designed by Bob Thomas . Dave Thomas admitted in a March 2008 interview that the name of the series protagonist , Sir Arthur Pendragon , was copied from the character of the Black Prince Pendragon from the Jack the Giant Killer stories . According to Dave Thomas , Entombed had the longest development cycle due to the expansion of the previous engine . Reception The game received positive reviews upon release . John Cook of Popular Computing Weekly praised the graphics , heralding them as colourful and the detail of the stages as beautiful . Julian Rignall of Zzap 64 similarly praised the presentation of the game , expressing surprise on the size and graphical advancements from its predecessor . A reviewer of Computer and Video Games praised the graphics as excellent , whilst noting the resemblance to Indiana Jones . A reviewer of Computer Gamer similarly cited the graphics as excellent , stating that it was what he expected from an Ultimate game . However , they criticised the overall gameplay , stating it to be very boring and slowly unk . Cook praised the game 's puzzle sections , comparing them more favourably than those of its predecessor , and summarised that the game was definitely a must for any adventurer 's collection . Rignall stated that the puzzles were specular and similarly praised them more favourably than those in The Staff of Karnath . However , Rignall criticised the sprites of the game , asserting that they were large and crude .
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2,289 | Robert Foliot ( died 1186 ) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford in England . He was a relative of a number of English ecclesiastics , including Gilbert Foliot , one of his predecessors at Hereford . After serving Alexander , Bishop of Lincoln as a clerk , he became a clerk of Henry of Blois , the Bishop of Winchester and brother of King Stephen of England . He attended the Council of Reims in 1148 , where another relative , Robert de Chesney , was elected as Bishop of Hereford . Chesney then secured the office of Archdeacon of Oxford for Foliot . During the early 1160s , Foliot also served as a clerk for Thomas Becket , the Archbishop of Canterbury , but left the archbishop 's service as Becket 's dispute with the king began to intensify . He was elected to Hereford in 1173 , and served as a royal and papal judge while bishop . Archeological evidence links the building of the Bishop 's Palace at Hereford to his episcopate . After his death , Foliot was buried in Hereford Cathedral . Early life Robert Foliot was a relative of both Gilbert Foliot , Bishop of Hereford and Bishop of London , and of Robert de Chesney , Bishop of Lincoln . Another relative was Ralph Foliot , a royal justice . Robert Foliot 's family appears to have been the branch of the Foliot family that owned the manor of unk in Oxfordshire . This is made likely by Foliot 's confirmation of a gift of land from Ralph Foliot of unk to Ralph 's son , and it is possible that Foliot was the brother or uncle of Ralph Foliot . There is no evidence of Foliot 's education , but he likely received an education to fit him for his career in the church . unk have frequently confused him with his predecessor as bishop , Robert of Melun , so he has mistakenly been given as the author of a number of documents . Clerical career Foliot was a canon of Lincoln Cathedral by 1147 , and an official of Alexander of Lincoln , the Bishop of Lincoln , who secured Foliot 's early promotions in the church . Foliot was sent to the Council of Reims in 1148 by the Lincoln cathedral chapter to learn Pope Eugene III 's wishes regarding the vacant bishopric , as Alexander had died in February 1148 . Henry of Blois , the Bishop of Winchester , was attempting to secure Lincoln for one of his nephews , but the pope agreed with the chapter and appointed Robert de Chesney as bishop instead . After his consecration , Chesney continued to employ Foliot as a clerk . Foliot was later named Archdeacon of Oxford in the Lincoln diocese , sometime before 1 October 1151 , owing the appointment to Chesney . He was also a canon of Hereford Cathedral , appearing in that capacity in 1173 , but it is unclear when exactly he acquired the position . It is also unclear whether he owed this position to his relative Gilbert Foliot , who was bishop of Hereford from 1148 to 1163 , or if he received the canonry after 1163 through royal influence . Foliot served as a clerk for Thomas Becket , the Archbishop of Canterbury , witnessing three documents for Becket during the period 1162 1164 . During early days of Becket 's dispute with the king , Foliot helped mediate between Becket and Gilbert Foliot , who was supporting the king . Robert Foliot was one of the first of Becket 's clerks to leave the archbishop 's service , asking permission to leave Becket 's household shortly after the council at Clarendon in January 1164 , which ratified the Constitutions of Clarendon . Bishop of Hereford Foliot was elected to the see of Hereford in late April 1173 and consecrated on 6 October 1174 at Canterbury by Archbishop Richard of Dover . Hereford had been vacant since the death of Robert of Melun in 1167 , due to the Becket 's exile and then death . Foliot was either elected by the cathedral chapter without guidance from the king , or was nominated to the cathedral chapter by King Henry at the urging of his relative Gilbert Foliot . Robert Foliot later attended the Third Lateran Council in 1179 . While bishop , he became involved in a unk with Hugh Parvus , a local baron , over the power of appointment to two churches . He also served as a judge delegate for the papacy , serving with Roger , the Bishop of Worcester on cases including one between a Norman monastery and an English priory . He judged a number of other cases for the papacy during his time as bishop . He received over 40 surviving papal commissions and communications , some of which dealt with the problems of married clergy in his diocese . From his ecclesiastical documents , almost 40 survive . While bishop , Foliot gave books , altar furnishings , and land to his cathedral chapter , as well as a purple and gold cape to Wigmore Abbey . Although no documentary evidence links him to the timbered hall in the bishop 's palace at Hereford , tree ring dating of the timbers has dated its construction to 1179 , during his time as bishop . He also gave money to the Bishop 's Chapel in Hereford Cathedral . Death and legacy Foliot died on 9 May 1186 , and was buried in Hereford Cathedral . Copies of his correspondence survive at the Bodleian Library at Oxford University . Note
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2,290 | The Old Church of St Gwenllwyfo , Llanwenllwyfo is a medieval ruined church near Dulas , in Anglesey , north Wales , perhaps built in the 15th century to replace another church from which only the 12th century font survived . Dedicated to Gwenllwyfo , a 7th century female saint about whom nothing else is known , it was used as a chapel of ease for the church in Amlwch , about 5 miles ( 8 km ) away . Restored in 1610 and again in the 18th and 19th centuries , it contained an oak screen and pulpit from 1610 . It was replaced in the middle of the 19th century by a larger church about two thirds of a mile ( 1 . 1 km ) away , to which some of the contents , including a memorial brass plaque from the early 17th century and the church bell , were removed other items were left behind . The disused church was noted to be in bad condition in 1937 , and the roof collapsed in 1950 . Little of the structure now remains , as the walls have been reduced to 5 feet ( 1 . 5 m ) in height . History and location The ruins of St Gwenllwyfo 's Church stand near Dulas , in the north east of Anglesey , Wales . The date of construction of the first church on the site is unknown . There was a church here in medieval times one 19th century writer suggested that the present building dates from the 15th century and that the font , probably 12th century in date , was the only surviving part of an earlier church on the site . Restoration work was carried out in about 1610 and in the 18th century the latter changes eradicated the church 's historical details . The church ( dedicated to Gwenllwyfo , a 7th century woman about whom nothing else is known ) was a chapel of ease attached to the parish of Amlwch , about 5 miles ( 8 km ) away . The parish tithes , however , were divided between the Bishop of Bangor and the incumbent of St Eilian 's Church , Llaneilian . The area takes its name from the church the Welsh word llan originally meant enclosure and then church , and unk is a modified form of the saint 's name . In 1812 , the priest responsible for the church was Edward Hughes , whose wife was the niece of the owner of unk Dulas , the landed estate in the area . He employed an architect to carry out some further restoration work , although the details are unknown . The church was in need of further repair by the middle of the 19th century , and the congregation needed a larger building . A new church was therefore built between 1854 and 1856 about two thirds of a mile ( 1 . 1 km ) away , financed largely by the widow of William Hughes , 1st Baron unk ( the son of Edward Hughes ) . The old church , which was allowed to fall into ruins , stands in a disused cemetery surrounded by trees . Architecture and fittings The nave and chancel of the church were not structurally divided , and measure 39 feet 6 inches by 15 feet 9 inches ( 12 by 4 . 8 m ) . The walls are 3 feet ( 0 . 9 m ) thick . In 1844 , it was recorded as having a coved roof , doors in the north and south walls and windows in the east , north and west walls . It also had a pulpit and an oak screen , 7 feet ( 2 . 1 m ) high , both dated 1610 . The screen had inscriptions in Welsh and Latin , and a note that Richard Williams of Rhodogeidio who married unk Lloyd at his own charge caused all this worke to be don to the honor of God and his church . A brass plaque , erected in 1609 by Williams in memory of his wife , was moved to the new church . Another screen was later added at the west end to stop the wind blowing into the nave , and two windows were added on opposite sides of the chancel . Two box pews were installed during the 18th century , and a bell ( now used by the new church ) was added . At the time of a survey by the Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire in 1937 , although the building was in bad condition with an insecure roof , it still retained an 18th century oak communion table , a rectangular font dating from the 12th century , the 1610 screen ( damaged ) , the pulpit , fragments of an oak sounding board ( also dated 1610 ) and some 18th century memorials . There were also stone benches along the north and south walls , and some wooden benches from the 18th or early 19th century . The medieval roof trusses were also still in place in 1937 , but the roof collapsed in 1950 . The walls have since been lowered to a height of 5 feet ( 1 . 5 m ) . Assessment The antiquarian Angharad Llwyd described the church in 1833 as a small neat edifice , appropriately fitted up for the performance of divine service . Samuel Lewis , writing in the middle of the 19th century , said that the church was a conspicuous and interesting object in a parish that partakes much of the general character of dreary sterility by which the mining districts in the immediate vicinity are distinguished . However , the clergyman and antiquarian Harry Longueville Jones , writing in 1859 about the church as it had been 15 years earlier , said that the whole building was in bad repair . One writer described the church in the 1970s as a roofless , forgotten shell .
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2,291 | The Lyon class was a proposed type of battleship which was planned for the French Navy in 1913 , with construction scheduled to begin in 1915 . The class was to have comprised four ships Lyon , Lille , Duquesne , and Tourville . The first two were named for cities in France , while the rest honored French admirals Abraham Duquesne and Anne Hilarion de Tourville . The design was an improvement on the previous Normandie class , and mounted a fourth quadruple gun turret , for a total of sixteen 340 mm ( 13 in ) guns . Construction was cancelled due to the outbreak of World War I in August 1914 before any of the ships could be laid down . Design Starting in 1910 , the French Navy began a dreadnought battleship construction program , starting with the four ships of the Courbet class that year . The three ship Bretagne class was authorized the next year , and five Normandie class battleships followed in 1912 . Design work began in 1912 the design staff submitted several proposals for the new battleships . unk ranged from 27 , 000 metric tons ( 27 , 000 long tons 30 , 000 short tons ) to 29 , 000 t ( 29 , 000 long tons 32 , 000 short tons ) the various designs featured a main battery of fourteen or sixteen 340 mm ( 13 in ) guns , eight or ten 380 mm ( 15 in ) guns , or twenty 305 mm ( 12 . 0 in ) guns , in a mix of quadruple or twin gun turrets . In 1913 , the Navy authorized a fourth class of battleships , Lyon , which was scheduled for 1915 . The design staff determined the 38 cm gun would take too long to design , so the proposals that incorporated these weapons were cancelled . The design staff settled on one of the two 34 cm proposals . The first proposal , which mounted fourteen guns , was a 27 , 500 t ( 27 , 100 long tons 30 , 300 short tons ) ship 185 meters ( 607 ft ) long . On 24 November 1913 , the design staff instead chose the slightly larger second design , armed with sixteen guns in four quadruple turrets . The first two ships , Lyon and Lille , were scheduled to be ordered on 1 January 1915 , and Duquesne and Tourville would have followed on 1 April 1915 . World War I broke out in August 1914 , however , and shifting military requirements , particularly for the army , forced the cancellation of the class . Ships Characteristics The ships would have been 190 m ( 620 ft ) long between perpendiculars and 194 . 5 m ( 638 ft ) long overall . They would have had a beam of 29 m ( 95 ft ) and a draft of 8 . 65 to 9 . 2 m ( 28 . 4 to 30 . 2 ft ) . Their full load displacement was estimated at 29 , 000 t ( 29 , 000 long tons 32 , 000 short tons ) . The propulsion system had not been settled by the time the class was cancelled the design staff proposed either the mixed steam turbine and triple expansion engine system used in the first four ships of the preceding Normandie class or the all turbine system used in the last ship of the previous class , Barn . They also considered new geared turbines that had proved satisfactory in the new destroyer Enseigne unk . The final design called for a propulsion system rated at 43 , 000 shaft horsepower ( 32 , 000 kW ) with a top speed of 23 knots ( 43 km h 26 mph ) . An unknown number of boilers were trunked into two funnels amidships . Sixteen 340mm 45 Modle 1912 guns mounted in four quadruple turrets comprised the main battery . The turrets , which were equipped with electric hydraulic training and elevation gear , were all mounted on the centerline , though the arrangement is not clear . According to Conway 's All the World 's Fighting Ships , one turret was placed forward , one amidships , and two in a superfiring pair aft . The contemporary Journal of United States Artillery , however , suggests the turrets would have been mounted in two superfiring pairs , forward and aft . The turrets weighed 1 , 500 t ( 1 , 500 long tons 1 , 700 short tons ) , and were electrically trained and hydraulically elevated . The guns were divided into pairs and mounted in twin cradles a 40 mm ( 1 . 6 in ) thick bulkhead divided the turrets . Each pair of guns had its own ammunition hoist and magazine . They could be fired simultaneously or independently . The guns had a range of 16 , 000 m ( 52 , 000 ft ) and had a rate of fire of two rounds per minute . The shells were 540 kilogram ( 1 , 190 lb ) armor piercing rounds and were fired with a muzzle velocity of 800 meters per second ( 2 , 600 ft s ) . The secondary battery was to consist of twenty four guns , either the 138 . 6 mm 55 Modle 1910 or a new automatic model , each singly mounted in casemates in the hull . The M1910 guns fired a 36 . 5 kg ( 80 lb ) shell at a muzzle velocity of 830 m s ( 2 , 700 ft s ) . The ships would also have been equipped with an unknown number of 40 mm ( 1 . 6 in ) or 47 mm ( 1 . 9 in ) anti aircraft guns and six torpedo tubes of unknown size , submerged in the hull . The ships would have been protected with a variation of the armor layout of the previous Normandie class . The primary alterations were slightly thinner casemate armor and upper deck plating to compensate for improved armor below the waterline .
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2,292 | PRR 4876 is a GG1 class electric locomotive located at the B O Railroad Museum in Baltimore , Maryland , United States . It was built in 1939 and was involved in the only accident to befall a GG1 . In 1953 , the locomotive overran the buffer stop and crashed into Union Station in Washington , D.C. after its brakes failed . A temporary concourse floor was erected over 4876 ( which had broken through the original ) for the upcoming inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower . After the inauguration it was shipped back to Altoona , Pennsylvania , for repairs and placed back into service . Background The GG1 was developed in the 1930s by General Electric as the replacement for the Pennsylvania Railroad 's then standard electric locomotive , the unk , and was based largely on the New Haven EP3 . The GG1 was capable of a top speed of 100 miles per hour ( 160 km h ) , powered by its twelve 385 horsepower ( 287 kW ) traction motors . The prototype GG1 , PRR 4800 , was tested against Westinghouse 's submission , the R1 . The Pennsylvania selected the GG1 over the R1 , as the R1 was not articulated and the GG1 's traction motors were similar to ones already in use . An order for the first 57 of a total 139 GG1s was placed in November 1934 , with delivery starting in April 1935 . History 4876 was built in 1939 at the Pennsylvania Railroad 's Altoona Works in Altoona , Pennsylvania , and was the 77th locomotive in its class . It operated between New York City , Philadelphia and Washington , D.C. on the electrified Northeast Corridor . At 8 38 AM on the morning of January 15 , 1953 , 4876 was the subject of a wreck , the only one to involve a GG1 , while pulling southbound Federal Express 173 from Boston , Massachusetts , to Washington , D.C. Upon nearing an Approach signal about 1 mile ( 1 . 6 km ) outside of Washington , the engineer applied the brakes to slow the train down from 70 to 60 miles per hour ( 113 to 97 km h ) . Noting that the train still was not slowing after passing the signal , the engineer engaged the emergency brake and sounded the locomotive 's horn . Also observing the excessive speed of 4876 was an assistant train director in Interlocking Tower ' C ' , who radioed ahead to Tower ' K ' . The train director in Tower ' K ' had the switches changed to allow 4876 to enter Union Station on Track 16 , its regularly assigned track . Having insufficient time to switch the runaway on to another track , the director alerted the station master 's office which was situated at the end of Track 16 . Still traveling at around 35 to 40 miles per hour ( 56 to 64 km h ) , 4876 rammed the buffer stop and continued into the concourse of Union Station , before partially falling through the floor into the baggage room below . An investigation by the Interstate Commerce Commission discovered a design flaw on a style of passenger car used by the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad in which the handle of an angle cock , a valve used to close the brake pipe when the car is the last one in the train , came into contact with a bottom unk of the coupler pocket . The angle cock would become closed , rendering the brakes on all the trailing cars inoperable . The third car behind 4876 , New Haven unk , was of this design , but the fourth car had a slightly different style of coupler . The difference between the two cars increased the frequency and the intensity of which the angle cock at the rear of unk would hit the unk . Earlier in the morning , the train was stopped outside of Kingston , Rhode Island , because the brakes on the final two cars were sticking and could not be released from the locomotive . Upon inspection , the angle cock on unk was found to be closed and was reopened by the engineer , but , after a locomotive and shift change , the matter was forgotten . With the inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower set to occur on January 20 , the passenger cars were re railed and 4876 was lowered the rest of the way into the baggage room . A temporary floor was erected over the locomotive so as to not impede the crowds traveling to Washington , D.C. for the inauguration . After the inauguration , 4876 was cut into 6 foot ( 1 . 8 m ) sections , hoisted from the baggage room , and reassembled in the Altoona shops . The insurance company deemed it less expensive to reassemble 4876 than to replace it with a new locomotive . Ten months later , 4876 was returned to service , repainted in Tuscan red . It stayed in service until 1983 when she was retired and donated for preservation . Originally planned for donation to the Smithsonian Institution , it was ultimately donated to the B O Railroad Museum in Baltimore , Maryland . Initially , the museum planned on restoring 4876 and putting it on display , however , these plans were placed on hold indefinitely when the museum 's roundhouse roof collapsed in 2003 , and the museum is currently focusing its efforts on restoring the equipment damaged by the collapse . The locomotive has been stored outside since it was acquired by the museum , has become defaced with graffiti and parts of its steel body are corroded .
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2,293 | Kylie Gauci ( born 1 January 1985 ) is an Australian Paralympic 2 point wheelchair basketball player . She participated in the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens , where she won a silver medal in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing , where she won a bronze medal , and the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London , where she won a second silver medal . Gauci represented Australia at the 2002 , 2006 and 2010 World Championships , and was named to the World All Star 5 at the World Championships in Amsterdam in 2006 . She has played over 180 international games . Playing with the Hill 's Hornets , Gauci was named the Women 's National Wheelchair Basketball League ( WNWBL ) ' s Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) 2 Pointer and named to the All Star Five on five consecutive occasions . In 2006 she switched to the North 's Bears , now known as the Stacks Goudkamp Bears , and was named MVP 2 Pointer and All Star Five six times in a row . Personal Gauci was born on 1 January 1985 . She was born with lumbar sacral agenesis , meaning that she is missing the lower part of her spine . In 2008 and 2009 , she was the Australian Paralympic Committee 's New South Wales Assistant . As of 2012 , she lives in unk Hill , New South Wales . Basketball Gauci is an Australian Paralympic wheelchair basketball 2 point player . She began competing in 1996 when she was eleven years old , and was inspired to play for the Australia women 's national wheelchair basketball team after watching their performance at the 2000 Sydney Paralympics . She enjoys the physical aspects of the game I 'm a big fan of the big hits in rugby league . The aggression in wheelchair basketball is not as fierce , but it 's as close as I 'm likely to get . Her 2008 national team coach Gerry Hewson said , She 's got a really good outside game and she can get inside and mix it with the best . While still a member of the New South Wales women 's junior representative team , Gauci played with a New South Wales State team in a warm up game against the Australia women 's national wheelchair basketball team in the lead up to the 2000 Summer Paralympics . In financial year 2012 13 , the Australian Sports Commission gave her a A 20 , 000 grant as part of their Direct Athlete Support program . She received 17 , 000 in 2010 11 and again in 2011 12 and 5 , 571 . 42 in 2009 10 . In 2012 , she had a scholarship with the New South Wales Institute of Sport . Club She played for the Hills Hornets in 2000 , when they finished second in the Women 's National Wheelchair basketball League ( WNWBL ) final , losing 51 50 to the Victorian Women . With the Hornets , she was named the WNWBL 's Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) 2 Pointer and named to the All Star Five in 2001 , 2002 , 2003 , 2004 and 2005 . In 2006 she switched to the North 's Bears , now known as the Stacks Goudkamp Bears , and was named 2 Pointer MVP and All Star Five in 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 and 2011 . Since 2008 , she has played for the unk unk in the National Wheelchair Basketball League ( NWBL ) . She also plays for the Stacks Goudkamp Bears in the WNWBL . In 2012 , as a member of the Stacks Goudkamp Bears , she was the WNWBL 's MVP 2 Pointer and named to the All Star Five for the twelfth year running . Her team finished second , losing 77 54 to the Victoria Dandenong Rangers in the WNWBL 's championship game . National team Gauci first played for the Australian junior national team when she was fourteen years old . She joined the national team , known as the Gliders , in 2002 , when she was 17 years old . She played in a four game test series in Canberra against Japan in March , the first Australian hosted international for the team since the 2000 Summer Paralympics . She was then selected to play at the 2002 World Cup event in Japan . Gauci represented Australia as a member of the Gliders at the 2002 , 2006 and 2010 World Championships , where they finished fourth each time . She was named to the World All Star 5 at the World Championships in Amsterdam in 2006 . She was selected to participate in a national team training camp in 2010 , and was a member of the team that played in the Osaka Cup in 2009 . She has played over 180 international games . Paralympics Gauci competed with the team at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens and 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing , where she won a silver and bronze medal respectively . The 2004 Games were her debut Games . She also played in the 2012 Summer Paralympics . In the group stage , the Australia women 's national wheelchair basketball team at the 2012 Summer Paralympics posted wins against Brazil , Great Britain , and the Netherlands , but lost to the Canada . This was enough to advance the Gliders to the quarter finals , where they beat Mexico . The Gliders then defeated the United States by a point to set up a final clash with Germany . The Gliders lost 44 58 , and earned a silver medal . Gauci scored 15 points with 4 rebounds . She was the only player on her team to score a three point field goal in the whole series , scoring two of them . Statistics
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2,294 | Rock Bottom is the 17th episode of the first season of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants . It originally was produced in 1999 and aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on March 15 , 2000 . The series follows the adventures of the title character in the underwater city of Bikini Bottom . In the episode , SpongeBob becomes stranded in a unk zone called Rock Bottom . The episode was written by Paul Tibbitt , Ennio Torresan , Jr . , and David Fain , and was directed by Tom Yasumi . Upon release , Rock Bottom was viewed by two million households and received positive reviews from media critics . Plot summary SpongeBob and Patrick board a bus to go home from Glove World , which is a glove themed amusement park . They accidentally board the wrong bus , which then takes them to a 90 degree cliff . The cliff leads to a unk zone called Rock Bottom , which is inhabited by many strange deep sea animals . Patrick gets on the bus to go home but accidentally leaves SpongeBob behind . After several unsuccessful attempts to get on the bus , SpongeBob heads to a bus station and waits in a very long line . By the time he gets to the front , he finds out that the last bus to leave for the night is already gone , and he is stuck there until morning . He gets scared by a raspberry sound coming from nowhere , and he dashes back to the cliff . The raspberry sound 's maker reveals himself to be a friendly looking anglerfish creature , who has SpongeBob 's balloon from Glove World . The creature blows up the balloon , ties it to SpongeBob 's wrist , and allows him to rise up the cliff and back to Bikini Bottom . The episode concludes with Patrick on his way back to Rock Bottom , thinking SpongeBob is still there . Production Rock Bottom was written by Paul Tibbitt , Ennio Torresan , and David Fain , with Tom Yasumi serving as animation director . Tibbitt and Torresan also worked as storyboard directors . The episode originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on March 15 , 2000 , with a TV Y7 parental rating . Series head writer of the first season Merriwether Williams said the episode 's story is so simple . She remarked To me , it 's one of the best episodes . It just stayed with one idea . The episode was about how he SpongeBob keeps missing the bus and how that makes him feel . Williams said the episode was so small that you could explore gags and opportunities for gags . The episode was an example of a good outline in the series where the storyboards and humor were done easily . Williams said it was great for the board guys . She added In many ways , my job was to create situations where the board guys could be funny , to create a situation that could be funny , and let them go for the actual , specific jokes . Rock Bottom was released on the DVD compilation called SpongeBob SquarePants The Complete 1st Season DVD on October 28 , 2003 . On September 22 , 2009 , the episode was released on the SpongeBob SquarePants The First 100 Episodes DVD , alongside all the episodes of seasons one through five . Reception Rock Bottom was watched by 2 . 1 million viewers upon its release . It received very positive reviews from media critics . Nancy Basile of About.com gave the episode a positive response and ranked it No. 4 on her Best SpongeBob SquarePants Episodes list . Basile said The raspberries and SpongeBob 's increasing frustration make this an hilarious episode . She cited the episode as a running up against Murphy 's law over and over again and said so it 's very relatable . Basile 's favorite scene was SpongeBob tries to extract a snack from the vending machine before the bus across the road drives away . Emily Estep of WeGotThisCovered.com ranked the episode No. 5 on her Top 10 Episodes of SpongeBob SquarePants list . She said While Rock Bottom is mostly a goofy episode , it 's also one of the scarier episodes of SpongeBob . She also said the episode has the ideal balance of cuteness and sheer terror like SpongeBob running from a mysterious character , saying , ' Well , that place will be there tomorrow . I guess I 'd better keep walking . Running . Better start running . Running . Sprinting Yes , I just gotta keep sprinting ' ( Before he hits a wall ' Sitting , sitting , bleeding . ' ) that made the episode so well remembered . Bill Treadway of DVD Talk gave the episode a 3 out of 5 rating . Other media Rock Bottom served as an inspiration for the SpongeBob SquarePants Rock Bottom Plunge ride . The ride first opened on March 15 , 2008 at the Mall of America 's Nickelodeon theme park re branded from the Mall of America 's Park at MOA , formerly Camp Snoopy , to Nickelodeon Universe in the Minneapolis St. Paul suburb of Bloomington , Minnesota . The SpongeBob SquarePants Rock Bottom Plunge features vertical lifts and 90 degree turns providing the riders a 60 plus foot drop , a maximum speed of over 40 miles per hour and a 4 . 4 maximum G force rating . The ride time is approximately two minutes and is the shortest Gerstlauer roller coaster built yet .
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2,295 | The Land of Lost Content the Biography of Anthony Chenevix Trench is a biographical book about the life of British headmaster Anthony Chenevix Trench , written by Mark Peel . Chenevix Trench had been a widely acclaimed teacher at Shrewsbury School , and subsequently headmaster at Bradfield College , Eton College and Fettes College , but was later criticised for his approach to corporal punishment . Published by Pentland Press in 1996 , the book received mixed reviews , with questions over its neutrality and writing style , but plaudits for its insights into British culture and education . Background Chenevix Trench was known for his substantial tenures as headmaster of Bradfield College , Eton College and Fettes College he had also taught at Shrewsbury School . He died in 1979 . In 1994 , a book by Tim Card , a former Vice Provost of Eton , revealed for the first time that Chenevix Trench had not left his position as headmaster of Eton of his own accord . There followed some newspaper articles critical of Chenevix Trench 's use of corporal punishment , and numerous letters to the editor in response , most of which were positive about Chenevix Trench 's legacy . Peel , a teacher at Fettes College at the time , published The Land of Lost Content two years later . Content The book is divided into seven chapters , respectively covering Chenevix Trench 's ancestry and early childhood , his education at Shrewsbury School and Christ Church , Oxford , his military service in the Malayan Campaign during the Second World War , and his successive spells of teaching at Shrewsbury , Bradfield , Eton and Fettes . A five page postscript entitled merely Tony Chenevix Trench draws conclusions . There is also a five page introduction , and a three page foreword by Sir William Gladstone . The Land of Lost Content is the title of a poem from A.E. Housman 's 1896 cycle A Shropshire Lad , which Chenevix Trench translated into Latin while a prisoner of the Japanese during the Second World War . In Peel 's view , Bradfield , Eton and Fettes all saw Chenevix Trench become headmaster at critical points in their history , and he was a headmaster whose personality met many of their priorities , breathing fresh life into creaking limbs . The book argues that , despite Chenevix Trench 's shortcomings being too readily obvious , overshadowing the flaws stands his passionate concern for the individual , a vital quality for any leader to possess . The book ends with a quotation from Chenevix Trench about the importance of education What is a boy He is a person who is going to carry on what you have started , to sit where you are sitting and , when you are gone , attend to those things you think are so important . You can adopt all the policies you please , but how they will be carried on depends on him . Even if you make leagues and treaties , he will have to manage them . He will assume control of your cities and nations . He is going to move on and take over your prisons , churches , schools , universities and corporations . All your work is going to be judged by him . Your reputation and the future are in his hands . All your work is for him , and the fate of nations and humanity is also in his hands . So it might be well to pay him some attention now . Reception The book received a mixed reception from critics . Writing in the Daily Telegraph , Ludovic Kennedy said that the book describes Chenevix Trench 's career with considerable affection , while not shying away from revealing many uncomfortable home truths . Kennedy has a few quibbles with the book , particularly its over use of clichs , but concludes that Chenevix Trench , who he said never bore a grudge , would have approved despite the flaws . Kennedy also titles his review with the words of Chenevix Trench , who joked of his own tenure at Eton endearingly , according to Kennedy In some ways I 'm too small a man in too big a job . Another positive voice was Lorn Macintyre , writing in the Herald , who said that the book gives an honest insight into the public school system with all its imperfections . He further comments that although Peel reveals some things that are disturbing , he also shows Chenevix Trench 's dedication to high academic standards , to the all round development of a young person despite his use of the rod . Simon Heffer , writing in the Daily Mail , said that Peel does not write with sufficient detachment or rigorously enough , but that the book will be of great interest to those who want to know what is really wrong with the British Establishment Heffer made it clear that he felt Chenevix Trench should never have been Headmaster of Eton in the first place , and that other people 's appointments in the British Establishment were equally flawed . Paul Foot wrote a personal recollection for the Diary section of the London Review of Books , reprinted in the Guardian , in which he described the book as a wretched hagiography , full of clichs and bad jokes , and objected to its portrayal of Chenevix Trench as a heroic figure .
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2,296 | Soeara Berbisa ( unk unk Perfected Spelling Suara Berbisa Indonesian for Venomous Voice ) is a 1941 film from the Dutch East Indies . Produced by Ang Hock Liem for Union Films and directed by R Hu , this black and white film starred Raden Soekarno , Ratna Djoewita , Oedjang , and Soehaena . The story , written by Djojopranoto , follows two young men who compete for the affections of a woman before learning that they are long lost brothers . Completed between September and October 1941 , Soeara Berbisa featured keroncong music and was shot partly in western Java . It was released to coincide with the Eid al Fitr holiday , and rated for all ages . Advertisements emphasised the film 's appeal to both Native and Dutch audiences , and a review in De Indische Courant was positive . Although the film Union 's penultimate production was screened as late as 1949 , it is now likely lost . Plot The young athlete Mitra and his sweetheart Neng Mardinah are to be wed . However , a young man named Mardjohan has fallen in love with Mardinah , and to win her heart he spreads rumours about Mitra being the son of a convicted criminal . In the backlash over the rumours , Mitra abandons the city and his beloved , hoping to find peace in the countryside . There , Mitra finds work at a factory which is , coincidentally , owned by Mardjohan . Refusing the romantic advances of a worker there , he leaves the factory . One day , he comes across Mardjohan , gravely injured following an accident . Mitra saves the man , then takes him for treatment . Mardjohan 's mother , seeing Mitra , believes that he is her son who went missing when he was aged three . She finds several witnesses who testify of the resemblance , and is ultimately able to prove her suspicions . Meanwhile , Mitra 's name is cleared , and he is reunited with Mardinah . Production The sixth production of Union Films , Soeara Berbisa was produced by Ang Hock Liem and directed by R Hu , an ethnic Chinese director who had worked for the company since 1940 the sound technician Boen Kin Nam served as assistant director . The screenplay was written by Djojopranoto , who replaced Union 's former screenwriter Saeroen after the latter left for rival company Star Film following Wanita dan Satria ( 1941 ) . The film began production by September 1941 , and by October it was nearly complete . Soeara Berbisa starred Raden Soekarno and Ratna Djoewita , and featured the acting talents of Oedjang and Soehaena . Soekarno and unk were new hires , whereas Oedjang and Djoewita had previously done work for Union the former had been acting for Union since its first production , Kedok Ketawa , in 1940 , and the latter had held a role in Wanita dan Satria . This black and white film included several keroncong songs , and was partly shot in the Preanger region of west Java . Release and reception Union announced that Soeara Berbisa would be released to coincide with the Eid al Fitr holiday , which began on 22 October 1941 , and advertisements for screenings in Medan , in northern Sumatra , date to early November 1941 . A review in the Surabaya edition of De Indische Courant , however , indicates that the film had only premiered in the east Javan city on 14 January 1942 . That newspaper gave a positive review , describing Soeara Berbisa as a tense film with humorous moments and beautiful scenery . Its review ended with a recommendation that young people and their parents see the film . Soeara Berbisa was open to audiences of all ages . To reach educated audiences , Union claimed to have paid attention to dialogue , arranged it as best as possible in accordance with the wants of the Indonesian people . In Dutch language newspapers , the film was advertised as an interesting and fascinating tale of two young men in the world of indigenous sports , which nonetheless was produced in a civilised manner such that it could be appreciated by European audiences . Legacy Union 's final production , Mega Mendoeng , was directed by Boen and released in early 1942 . It again starred Soekarno , though this time alongside the new find Sofiati . The company was closed after the Japanese occupied the Indies in March 1942 , and most of its employees never returned to the film industry . Soekarno was an exception he continued to act until the 1970s , though he was generally credited as Rendra Karno . Soeara Berbisa was screened as late as February 1949 . The film is likely lost . Movies in the Indies were recorded on highly flammable nitrate film , and after a fire destroyed much of Produksi Film Negara 's warehouse in 1952 , old films shot on nitrate were deliberately destroyed . As such , American visual anthropologist Karl G. Heider suggests that all Indonesian films from before 1950 are lost . However , JB Kristanto 's Katalog Film Indonesia ( Indonesian Film Catalogue ) records several as having survived at Sinematek Indonesia 's archives , and film historian Misbach Yusa Biran writes that several Japanese propaganda films have survived at the Netherlands Government Information Service . Explanatory notes
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2,297 | Guttorm Sigurdsson ( Old Norse unk Sigurarson 1199 11 August 1204 ) was the King of Norway from January to August 1204 , during the Norwegian civil war era . As a grandson of King Sverre , he was proclaimed king by the Birkebeiner party when he was just four years old . Although obviously not in control of the events surrounding him , Guttorm 's accession to the throne under the effective regency of Haakon the Crazy led to renewed conflict between the Birkebeiner and the Bagler parties , the latter supported militarily by Valdemar II of Denmark . Guttorm 's reign ended abruptly when the child king suddenly became ill and died . Rumours among the Birkebeiner held that Guttorm 's illness and death had been caused by Haakon the Crazy 's future wife Christina unk , a claim considered dubious by modern historians . Low intensity civil war followed Guttorm 's death , until a settlement was reached in 1207 , temporarily dividing the kingdom . Despite his status as king , Guttorm is not included in the official Norwegian regnal list . Background Guttorm was an illegitimate son of Sigurd unk and thus a grandson of King Sverre . The identity of his mother is unknown . Sigurd predeceased his father , Sverre , who died in 1202 and was succeeded by his younger son Haakon Sverresson . Haakon reigned until his own death on 1 January 1204 . Haakon had pursued a policy of peace and reunification between the Birkebeiner and Bagler during his short reign , but following his death relations between the parties collapsed and a new phase of the Norwegian civil wars began . Parts of the Birkebeiner were disgruntled by Haakon 's policy of reconciliation with the Bagler , which may have led to his death , following which the balance of power within the Birkebeiner switched immediately to the faction around Haakon the Crazy . The day after Haakon 's death , the Birkebeiner designated Guttorm as king at a meeting of the hird , in consultation with Bishop Martin of Bergen . Sverre 's nephew Haakon the Crazy was simultaneously appointed regent as leader of the hird and the army . According to the unk unk ( Bagler sagas ) , the young king then took a sword and mounted it to Haakon 's side , and handed him a shield . He further gave Haakon the title of earl , with consent from all the chieftains , and had Haakon sit next to him at his throne . Haakon 's unusually strong position was thus symbolised by his sitting at the same level as the king , and not on a lower seat as would have been customary for an earl . Another of Sverre 's nephews , Peter unk , together with Einar unk , husband of Sverre 's daughter Cecilia , were appointed as Guttorm 's guardians . Revolt and death The appointment of the warlike and power hungry Haakon the Crazy ( called the mad dog by the Bagler ) to key positions contributed to conflicts within the Birkebeiner , and a worsening of relations with the Bagler . Haakon 's elevation led the Bagler to believe that there was not much hope of peace with the Birkebeiner . The Bagler therefore travelled to Denmark and united around Erling Stonewall , an alleged son of former king Magnus unk , whom elements of the party had attempted to proclaim as king in 1203 . Their revolt was actively supported by Valdemar II of Denmark , who sought to regain the ancient Danish overlordship of Viken , in Norway . Valdemar arrived in Viken in June with more than 300 ships , and Erling performed a trial by ordeal before the king in Tnsberg . In turn , the Danish king gave 35 ships to Erling , and together with Philip Simonsson ( another Bagler rival ) , he swore allegiance to Valdemar . Although Philip 's claim to the throne was supported by both Valdemar and the church , in the end , the Bagler proclaimed Erling as king and Philip as earl at unk and Borgarting ( things of the southeastern parts of Norway ) , and the Bagler quickly gained control of Viken . Guttorm was in turn proclaimed king ( unk ) by the Birkebeiner at yrating in Trondheim in the spring or early summer . While Haakon the Crazy was in the process of gathering an army to fight the Bagler , likely at a second purely military assembly at yrating , Guttorm suddenly became ill and died on 11 August . He was buried at the Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim . In the longer version of the unk unk , it is insinuated that Guttorm 's illness and death were caused by Swedish born Christina unk , who married Haakon the Crazy shortly after Guttorm 's death . Modern historians consider this claim to be dubious , derived from rumours spread by the Birkebeiner in connection with the sudden death of Haakon Sverresson some months earlier . The same source claims that Haakon was poisoned , allegedly by Sverre 's widow Margaret , Christina 's aunt . Haakon the Crazy 's bid to succeed Guttorm as king foundered because he was not trusted and had made powerful opponents . Guttorm 's death was followed by low intensity civil war between his successor Inge Brdsson and the Bagler , until a settlement was reached between Inge , Haakon and the new Bagler pretender Philip Simonsson in 1207 , which for some years divided the kingdom .
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2,298 | The Battle of Ohrid took place on 14 or 15 September 1464 between the Ottoman Empire 's forces and Skanderbeg 's Albania . A crusade against Sultan Mehmed II had been planned by Pope Pius II with Skanderbeg as one of its main leaders . The battle near Ohrid occurred as a result of an Albanian incursion into Ottoman territory . The Turks stationed in the area were assaulted by Skanderbeg 's men and 1 , 000 Venetian soldiers under Cimarosto . The Turks were lured out of their protections in Ohrid and ambushed by the Albanian cavalry . Skanderbeg won the resulting battle and his men earned 40 , 000 ducats after captured Ottoman officers were ransomed . Pius died before the planned crusade began , however , forcing Skanderbeg to fight his battles virtually alone . Background Pope Pius II 's crusade against the Ottoman Empire was declared in November 1463 . Skanderbeg , the leader of the Albanians , was a vital ally to this effort and would have become one of its main leaders . The Venetians , who had also joined the crusade , could not persuade Lek Dukagjini , Skanderbeg 's lukewarm ally in northern Albania , to join until the pope intervened . Furthermore , the major European powers were reluctant to join the pope 's crusade . Among those inquired were the city of Florence , Francisco Sforza of Milan , Louis XI of France , and Ferdinand I of Naples , all of whom declined for their own reasons . The Republic of Venice , however , decided to aid Skanderbeg by sending 500 cavalry and 500 infantry under the condottiero Antonio da Cosenza , also known as Cimarosto . Once the campaign season began , Mathias Corvinus of Hungary recaptured many of the Bosnian strongpoints , including Jajce , which had been taken from the Kingdom of Bosnia by the Ottomans . Mehmed II marched into Bosnia , pillaging the countryside , hoping that his enemies would surrender . The Hungarian resistance , however , was stiff . The Ottomans still managed to make headway against the Hungarians who had been trying to lift Ottoman the siege on Jajce with a ruse . The Sultan continued his siege while Mathias escaped from the fortress with a force of men , but the retreating army was harried with two hundred soldiers being captured and sent to Constantinople for execution . Despite the setback , Jajce held out and Mehmed retreated from Bosnia . Campaign After Skanderbeg 's raid into Macedonia the year before , the Sultan decided to strengthen his fortresses in the area . He then sent eremet bey to Ohrid , a city close to Skanderbeg 's domains , with 14 , 000 cavalry to prevent another Albanian incursion . After learning of this , Skanderbeg prepared to march against eremet . The pasha 's men , however , were stationed both inside and outside the city , making it difficult to defeat them . Before marching , Skanderbeg received news that Pius had arrived in Ancona and died upon seeing the crusader fleet . He left Cimarosto with an Italian force in unk near modern day unk in eastern Albania . Skanderbeg then decided to march against eremet anyway and set off with 12 , 000 cavalry three hours after dusk . After one day of marching , Skanderbeg reached Macedonia and began pillaging the land . Battle Once he reached Ohrid , Skanderbeg gave a speech to his men , encouraging them for the coming battle . He then assigned unk unk and Peter Engjlli , Pal Engjlli 's brother , as commanders of a 500 man troop of cavalry where they were to approach the gates of Ohrid and provoke the Turks to attack . They were to throw smoke and dust into the air to irritate the garrison . Then they were to feign retreat where the pursuing Ottoman cavalry would be ambushed by the main Albanian force . On 14 or 15 September , everything went as planned and the trap was sprung . Skanderbeg 's assault came out and killed 10 , 000 Turkish men and captured twelve Turkish forces , among them eremet 's son . The Turkish forces were pursued by the Venetian forces alongside the Albanians . The Albanian Venetian losses were few . Aftermath According to legend , Skanderbeg celebrated the event by dining off unk ( Ohrid trout ) , a fish found in Lake Ohrid that was sent to the Byzantine emperors every Friday for their supper meal . The twelve captured officers were ransomed for 40 , 000 ducats . Skanderbeg distributed this amount through his force , with every man receiving his fair share . He then besieged Ohrid for a short time before returning to Albania the Venetian Senate ( Signoria ) hailed the campaign as a victory despite not being able to take Ohrid . The crusade seemed to have gone well for the Christian side but , after Pius ' death , the remaining cardinals lost their hope and handed the money raised for the crusade to the Venetians . Mehmed saw Skanderbeg 's vulnerability and sent Ballaban unk , an Albanian unk , to Albania where they met at unk and he was defeated . Ballaban had replaced eremet as the commander in Ohrid after the latter fell out of favor with the sultan . Ballaban would meet Skanderbeg several more times in battle before being mortally wounded in action at the second siege of Kruj .
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2,299 | Typhoon Helen was the most destructive tropical cyclone to strike Japan during the 1972 Pacific typhoon season . Originating from a tropical disturbance on September 11 near the Northern Mariana Islands , Helen gradually intensified as it moved northwestward . By September 14 , it reached typhoon strength and soon turned northeast towards Japan . Accelerating due to a trough over the East China Sea , Helen rapidly approached the country and made landfall near Cape Kushimoto as a Category 3 equivalent typhoon on the Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale . Later that day , a weakened Helen emerged into the Sea of Japan . After merging with an upper level low , the storm transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on September 19 and was last noted two days later after moving through southern Hokkaido . In Japan , Typhoon Helen produced torrential rain , peaking at 790 mm ( 31 in ) in Hokkaido , and damaging winds that caused widespread damage . A total of 4 , 213 homes were destroyed and another 146 , 547 were damaged as a result of flash flooding and landslides . Numerous vessels ran aground due to rough seas associated with the storm , including several thousand ton cargo freighters . In all , 87 fatalities and 102 million in damage was attributed to Typhoon Helen . Meteorological history In early September 1972 , a tropical disturbance developed within a near equatorial trough near the Northern Mariana Islands . On September 11 , the Japan Meteorological Agency ( JMA ) began monitoring this system as a tropical depression shortly after moving through the island chain . Initially , the system tracked southwestward before turning northwestward along the edge of a ridge . On September 13 , a United States Air Force reconnaissance plane flew into the system and found that it had intensified into a tropical storm . At this time , the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ( JTWC ) began monitoring the newly named Tropical Storm Helen . Additionally , the Philippine Atmospheric , Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration began warning on the system , assigning it the local name unk . The following day , Helen attained typhoon status as it turned northward . Subsequently , a deepening trough over the East China Sea caused the typhoon to turn north northeastward and accelerate . During the afternoon of September 16 , a reconnaissance plane recorded flight level winds of 185 km h ( 115 mph ) . Around this time , surface winds were estimated to be the same , making Helen a Category 3 equivalent on the Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale . Later that day , the storm made landfall near Cape Kushimoto . In Shionomisaki Lighthouse , just west of where the center of Helen passed , a barometric pressure of 955 mbar ( hPa 28 . 26 inHg ) was recorded , the lowest in relation to the storm . As the system neared Hokkaido , it slowed down and began a multi day anticyclonic loop . During this period , it merged with an upper level low and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on September 19 . The remnants of Helen then tracked across southern Hokkaido before dissipating just east of the island on September 21 . Impact Prior to the typhoon 's arrival , officials in Japan warned residents of heavy rains . The Japanese National Railways network suspended service to areas threatened by the storm , stranding numerous people . By September 18 , approximately one sixth of the railway service was canceled or delayed . Throughout the main island of Honshu , areas within 110 km ( 70 mi ) of the storm 's center experienced winds in excess of 120 km h ( 75 mph ) , leading to considerable disruptions to air , sea , and land travel . The highest gust was measured at 181 km h ( 112 mph ) in unk . These winds caused a city wide power outage in Tsu , Mie and scattered outages in Nagoya . Over a substantial portion of the country , the storm produced torrential rains that triggered deadly flash floods . Peak rainfall in Honshu and Hokkaido reached 580 mm ( 23 in ) and 790 mm ( 31 in ) , respectively . In Shikoku , ten people died after a landslide destroyed nine homes in Kchi City . Across Japan , a total of 4 , 213 homes were destroyed and another 146 , 547 were damaged , leaving at least 3 , 000 people homeless . Roads and bridges sustained extensive damage , with large stretches being washed out . According to police in Tokyo , 140 bridges sustained damage . In unk , a tornado spawned by Helen destroyed eight homes . Large swells from the storm caused large vessels to wash ashore , including a 9 , 000 ton freighter in Ise Bay . Twenty four fishermen drowned off the coast of Hachij jima after two vessels sank . Throughout Japan , 322 ships were either damaged or ran aground due to the storm . Including offshore , Helen killed 85 people in Japan . Along the east coast of South Korea , these swells resulted in two fatalities . On September 17 , the Japanese military was mobilized to assist in relief efforts . In all , 87 fatalities , 158 injuries and 102 million in damage was attributed to Typhoon Helen , making it the most destructive tropical cyclone to strike Japan in 1972 .
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