id int64 0 3.9k | doc stringlengths 268 6.34k |
|---|---|
2,900 | treats ( often referred to as Treats , Treats , Treats Magazine or Treats Magazine ) is a limited edition erotica and fine arts magazine that is primarily available by subscription . The magazine , which debuted in 2011 , is described as a quarterly although it was initially only published twice per year . Publication and format The magazine offers both print and digital subscriptions and has back issues available for sale in both formats . It sells high quality fine art prints from its photo collection for several hundreds of dollars per print . Although it claims to be a quarterly magazine , treats has published just two issues per year for each calendar year of its existence to date 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 . 2014 has had one issue so far . The print editions are produced in oversized format on 70 lb. matte stock . The magazine is also available digitally in several formats such as on unk for iPad and as a mobile phone app as well as via the official website , a blog , and various social media websites . Description treats describes itself as a limited edition , fine art print digital publication available only by subscription sold at select news stands , book stores boutiques worldwide . The literary content of the magazine has been described as left of center by Daily Beast . The magazine , which is based in Los Angeles , is described by USA Today , The Huffington Post , and The New York Times as an artistic erotica magazine . Adam Tschorn of the Los Angeles Times noted that his copilot felt that the magazine 's nude photography was virtually indistinguishable from Playboy 's despite the fine arts quarterly billing . According to Steve Shaw , the magazine 's publisher , treats was founded to present content that was too risqu for magazines such as Vogue , Elle and InStyle . Shaw 's nickname for photos that could not be used because they pushed the borders too far was treats , and he decided to use the nickname as the title for the magazine . The magazine presents images that have not been airbrushed or photographically retouched . History Shaw has a background in celebrity glamour photography for Maxim , FHM , Playboy , and British Esquire . He claims he had become fed up with shooting restrictions such as three quarters of one side of a boob ... You can only show one inch down from the bum crack ... and with uncooperative subjects . Thus , he says , he created his own magazine with what Daily Beast described as female full frontal nudity , luxe y aesthetic , and an underpinning of fashion world credibility that has gotten influential tastemakers and industry icons to take notice . Shaw 's initial investment for his magazine was 600 , 000 . Within the first year of its launch photographers like Brett Ratner were volunteering to shoot for the magazine . As of 2014 , Duran , Mark Seliger , Ben Watts , Josh Ryan , and Bob Carlos Clarke are among the photographers who have been featured in the magazine . The launch party for the magazine was held on Thursday , February 24 , 2011 at the James Goldstein residence as an Oscars week party before the 83rd Academy Awards . Issue 1 of the magazine , which was without any advertisements , debuted with a cover photo of models Irene unk and Cassy unk photographed by Tony Duran that was described by Business Wire as edgy , scintillating and elegant . The issue featured the classic picture of Raquel Welch on the cross taken by Terry O 'Neill . Literary subjects in the premier include features on Jason Statham and Shepard Fairey . 5 , 000 magazines were printed for issue 1 and 10 , 000 for issue 2 . Its launch was awarded a best new launch award of 2011 by the Media Industry Newsletter ( unk ) . The magazine debuted with a 20 . 00 newsstand price , a 65 . 00 yearly subscription price and 15 . 00 download price . With the fourth issue the newsstand price changed to 30 . 00 . In 2012 , the magazine added an online gallery that sold prints of the magazine 's content at prices ranging from 395 to 3 , 995 depending on size and framing . Emily Ratajkowski posed for several of the early issues . She claims that her appearance on the March 2012 issue 3 cover is what brought her two unsolicited high profile music video modeling roles ( Robin Thicke , T.I. , and Pharrell Williams ' Blurred Lines and Maroon 5 's Love Somebody ) . Thicke had seen the treats magazine black and white cover and convinced director Diane Martel to cast her in the Blurred Lines music video . Dylan Penn , daughter of Sean Penn and Robin Wright , appeared nude on the cover of the seventh issue of treats , which was published in April 2014 . Penn avoided full exposure on the cover with the aid of a 6 , 000 plus Fendi bag and in a similar manner in the photo layout feature within the magazine . Penn was photographed by Duran . According to an E Online report on March 5 , 2014 , Penn had declined a 150 , 000 offer to pose for the cover of Playboy . The eighth issue ( featuring Lydia Hearst on the cover ) was not released until February 2015 . Corporate information The editorial offices of the magazine are located on 1219 S. La Brea Avenue in Los Angeles . In 2011 , Shaw served as editor in chief publisher Rob Hill served as editor Eric unk served as art director and Rebecca Black served as director of photography . Founder Shaw publishes the magazine independently with a staff of three people . Hill had previously served as editor of Hollywood Life magazine . Shaw and the magazine throw an annual Halloween Trick or Treats party .
|
2,901 | The Ocean Village Marina is one of three marinas in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar , at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula . Formerly Sheppard 's Marina , it is located in the Bay of Gibraltar , between the North Mole of Gibraltar Harbour and the runway of Gibraltar International Airport . Both Ocean Village Marina and the adjacent Marina Bay have been incorporated into the Ocean Village Project , a luxury resort . Ocean Village Marina and the adjacent Marina Bay together have 330 berths , with a draft ( or draught ) of 4 . 5 metres ( 15 ft ) . The marina can accommodate vessels up to 90 metres ( 300 ft ) to 100 metres ( 330 ft ) in length . There are three residential towers with blue glass balconies overlooking the marina Grand Ocean Plaza , Imperial Plaza , and Majestic Plaza . On 4 June 2012 , Ocean Village Marina hosted 161 vessels which formed the Gibraltar Diamond Jubilee Flotilla , celebrating sixty years of the Queen 's reign . Location Gibraltar has three marinas Marina Bay , Ocean Village Marina , and Queensway Quay Marina . Ocean Village Marina is located on Gibraltar 's Westside , outside the northern end of Gibraltar Harbour , in the Bay of Gibraltar , next to the airport runway . It is adjacent to Marina Bay which is just to its north . The marina forms part of the Ocean Village Project or Ocean Village Marina Complex , often referred to as just Ocean Village . Ocean Village Marina is the former Sheppard 's Marina or Sheppard 's Yard . Both Marina Bay and Ocean Village Marina have been incorporated into Ocean Village , between the North Mole and the airport runway . The strategic location of the marina offers protection from moisture laden unk winds . History Ocean Village Marina was formerly Sheppard 's Marina , owned by H. Sheppard Co . By 2004 , the marina had been sold to Ocean Village Investments Ltd and demolition had commenced . The marina retained its original name , at least informally , for several years after the sale . The sale of Sheppard 's Marina was not without controversy , as some residents of the marina were eventually evicted from their berths by the new owners . After Ocean Village Investments acquired the adjacent Marina Bay in 2006 , both marinas were incorporated into Ocean Village , a resort with residential , retail , and leisure facilities . On 4 June 2012 , the Ocean Village Marina hosted 161 vessels which formed the Gibraltar Diamond Jubilee Flotilla , celebrating sixty years of the Queen 's reign . The flotilla took place one day after a similar event in London up the Thames . The festivities started officially with greetings from Gregory Butcher , founder of Ocean Village , and Ros unk , event organiser of Ocean Village . The Gibraltar Port Authority addressed those assembled on the topic of safety , and made recommendations regarding precautions which ranged from sunscreen to the distance between vessels . The flotilla departed from the marina at midday , sailing from the western side of the runway , passing Europa Point , and returning after reaching the eastern side of the runway . Boats up to 70 metres ( 230 ft ) participated in the flotilla . Small boats led the flotilla , followed by power boats over 9 metres ( 30 ft ) , and , finally , sailing vessels . The General Elliot , a Gibraltar Port Authority vessel , was at the head of the flotilla , and was supported by other official vessels . Facilities Ocean Village Marina and the adjacent Marina Bay together have 330 berths , with a draft of 4 . 5 metres ( 15 ft ) . The marina can accommodate vessels up to 90 metres ( 300 ft ) to 100 metres ( 330 ft ) in length . The marina now offers premier berths , the majority of which are between 18 metres ( 59 ft ) and 25 metres ( 82 ft ) , although the largest can accommodate vessels up to 80 metres ( 260 ft ) in length . The Yacht Reporting Berth for Gibraltar closed in 2005 and customs clearance of vessels is now performed by the individual marinas . Each berth at Ocean Village Marina offers utilities which include metered water and electricity , as well as access to satellite television , telephone , fax , and Wi Fi . Other amenities include laundry and concierge services . Gasoline and diesel are available at the quayside . In addition to the marina , the Ocean Village resort features three residential towers , with blue glass balconies , that also have commercial space Grand Ocean Plaza , Imperial Plaza , and Majestic Plaza . Construction of a new World Trade Center in Ocean Village was scheduled to begin in 2012 . The development has a variety of restaurants , bars , and retail outlets , as well as executive office space . Leisure Island , on reclaimed land , has a business centre and casino , among other facilities . Sheppard 's of Gibraltar , the former owner of the marina which was established in 1961 , still has a presence there . The business provides support services for yacht owners from both their chandlery and shipyard departments . Their chandlery shop on the ground floor of Marina Court at Ocean Village has a variety of products for yacht equipment and maintenance . Their shipyard on Coaling Island near Queensway Quay Marina performs repair services such as engine rebuilds , rigging , welding , and painting . Sheppard 's attends to yachts at all three of Gibraltar 's marinas , and also has a 40 ton lift when haul outs are needed . Their haul out work includes hull cleaning , replacement of anodes or transducers , and slurry blasting , among other services . Haul outs are performed at both Coaling Island and the North Mole .
|
2,902 | Love Won 't Wait is a song by English singer songwriter Gary Barlow from his debut album Open Road . It was released as the second single from the album on 25 April 1997 by BMG and RCA Records . The song was written by Madonna and Shep Pettibone , and was an unreleased demo from her Bedtime Stories ( 1994 ) studio sessions . Barlow came by the demo in 1997 , while looking to record more songs for Open Road . He changed the lyrics to represent a male point of view rather than Madonna 's , and recorded the track with Stephen Lipson as producer . Barlow was apprehensive about releasing the track , but due to contractual obligations he had to release it . The song became Barlow 's second consecutive number one release on the UK Singles Chart , following Forever Love , and was certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . Elsewhere it received moderate success . A music video for the song was directed by Rocky Schenck and showed Barlow singing Love Won 't Wait across different locations . He also performed the song at the 1997 pre Grammy Award party , where his performance was negatively received . Background Following the release of her fifth studio album , Erotica ( 1992 ) , Madonna and her producer Shep Pettibone continued writing more songs in the same vein as present in the album . However , she later abandoned the project and collaborated with record producers Dallas Austin and Nellee Hooper to create Bedtime Stories , her sixth studio album , released in 1994 . Many of the songs from the writing sessions with Pettibone were not included and remained as demos . In the meantime , Gary Barlow wanted to release his debut album , Open Road , to coincide with his first single , Forever Love . However , he wanted to continue recording songs for the album . He came across one of Madonna 's demos called Love Won 't Wait and decided to record it , after shortening the lyrics . Barlow 's manager , Simon Fuller , chose Stephen Lipson to produce the song , seeing his success with 1980s artists like Grace Jones and Frankie Goes to Hollywood . Although the song did not sound like what Barlow would usually record , he nevertheless explained in an interview It took me a while to get my interpretation right because Madonna had written from a female point of view . It 's not the kind of song I would write myself . But as soon as I heard it , I thought ' This is a hit ' . A dance pop song , Love Won 't Wait is set in the time signature of common time with a tempo of 120 beats per minute . Barlow 's voice spans between the nodes of C m and A3 and has a basic chord progression of C A B C m in the pre chorus and E B D A C E A C m in the chorus . Release and promotion Barlow had arrived in the United States in February 1997 for recording the track , where Clive Davis , who was managing his career in the United States , played him a poppier version of the song , remixed by Junior Vasquez . He also requested Barlow to perform Love Won 't Wait at the 1997 pre Grammy Award party . However , the singer did not have any time to rehearse or memorize the lyrics , resulting in the performance receiving negative reviews from critics and audience alike . With The Times Barlow recounted the evening saying , I don 't remember the words . I came in at all the wrong times . I can see people drifting off to the toilet in droves . Talk about dying on your arse The combination of the negative review towards his performance and contractual obligations led to Barlow release Love Won 't Wait as his second single on 24 April 1997 in the United Kingdom . The CD single consisted of the single version along with the Vasquez remix and two other tracks from Open Road , Meaning Of A Love Song and Always . Another song , Cuddly Toy , was released on the B side of another CD single for the song , released in May 1997 . Love Won 't Wait was also remixed by DJs Cuca and Monster Makers , and was released in a CD single in June 1997 . An accompanying music video was directed by Rocky Schenck and was released on 28 April 1997 . It features Barlow performing the song in France , walking down a highway littered with stage props and crew members actively changing the scenes as he walks forward . As he performs the chorus , he jumps off the set and walks towards his stage chair , where he sits and observes his surroundings . The video ends with Barlow running away from a woman down a country road , as the video fades from view . Critical and commercial reception While the album received mostly negative reviews , songs like Love Won 't Wait were considered a stand out by The Times . The Daily Mirror noted it as a classic track you 've known all your life , while a reviewer from The Sunday Mirror rated it seven out of ten , and cautioned that Take That fans will lap up another smooth one from Gary , but I can 't help thinking he 's trying to turn into Elton John far too soon . In the United Kingdom , Love Won 't Wait became Barlow 's second solo number one single on the UK Singles Chart , following Forever Love . It was number one for one week , and was present for a total of nine weeks within the top 100 of the chart . The British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) certified it silver , for shipment of 200 , 000 copies of the single . The song also reached number one in Spain , and the top ten of the charts in Denmark , Ireland , Italy and Taiwan . In Australia , Love Won 't Wait peaked at number 16 on the ARIA Singles Chart . Track listing and formats Charts Certifications
|
2,903 | John Bradley Hirst unk ( 9 July 1942 3 February 2016 ) was an Australian historian and commentator . He has been described as an historian , public intellectual , and active citizen . Born in Adelaide , Hirst attended Unley High School and undertook his undergraduate and postgraduate study at the University of Adelaide . Abandoning an early desire to become a Methodist Minister , in 1968 he was appointed a lecturer at Melbourne 's new La Trobe University , where he remained until the end of his career . His wife and fellow student Christine accompanied him to Melbourne . They had two children , Catherine and David . Hirst was subsequently head of department and Reader in History at La Trobe . He retired in 2006 , and was an Emeritus Scholar at La Trobe until his death . Hirst had a distinguished career in teaching , supervision and research . He developed new subjects and methodologies to teach them . In addition to those concerning Australian history there was his pioneering subject designed to inform students about Australia 's European cultural heritage . This work was published as The Shortest History of Europe and has been translated into nine languages ( Swedish , Greek , Chinese , Spanish , German , Portuguese , Russian , Turkish and Korean ) . Hirst was seconded to the University of Melbourne to edit Historical Studies , Australia 's leading historical journal , from 1977 to 1980 . In retirement , he travelled regularly to Sydney to instruct , without remuneration , groups of post graduate students in thesis writing . Academic contribution Hirst produced a large number of important articles , chapters and books on Australian history . His academic interests were wide ranging , including social , cultural and political history . Hirst 's goal was to elucidate the qualities and characteristics of Australian society and how they had developed . Jeremy Sammut has described him as an elegant and outstanding stylist , as adept at clarifying complex issues by reducing them to their essentials as he was at crafting the pithy line that eliminated all doubt his interpretation was true and correct . In his historical work , Hirst 's colleague at La Trobe University , Alan Frost , has noted that Hirst challenged orthodoxies and produced many new insights . He wrote two seminal books on colonial New South Wales which Frank unk has described as displaying a raw intellectual power Convict Society and its Enemies ( 1983 ) and The Strange Birth of Colonial Democracy ( 1988 ) ( both reprinted as Freedom on the Fatal Shore in 2008 ) . Convict Society and its Enemies was particularly influential , arguing that rather than being a brutal slave society , early New South Wales was a place where rights and freedoms were well established from the beginning . Hirst 's study of Federation , The Sentimental Nation , was also a ground breaking work , arguing that national sentiment was more important than economics in uniting the nation . Alan Frost has described Hirst 's shorter analyses as notable Distance in Australia Was It a Tyrant ( 1975 ) , his response to Geoffrey Blainey 's most famous concept , deserves much more attention than it now receives his Egalitarianism ( 1986 ) challenges received wisdom about colonial life . Many of his best shorter pieces were collected in Sense and Nonsense in Australian History ( 2009 ) . A major achievement of Hirst 's was a project to index the Melbourne Argus newspaper ( 1860 1909 ) . Public intellectual Frank unk described Hirst as a creative historian capable of engaging a wide audience , as well as a public intellectual who delighted , infuriated and provoked . He contributed many influential opinion pieces and commentaries to leading Australian newspapers and journals . Jeremy Sammut has noted that Hirst was motivated by an independent mind and a distaste for unthinking conformity . He defied simplistic categorisation as a partisan because his politics were idiosyncratic . Hirst described himself as an old fashioned social democrat . To read Hirst is not to encounter a reactionary but to be delighted as he marshals facts , logic and evidence with unk skill and precision to establish the heterodox case , while conveying powerful insights into whatever historical experience or process is discussed . A common theme in the obituaries cited is that Hirst was fearlessly honest , whatever the subject . As Sammut has noted , he was inspired by a commitment to the rigorous pursuit of historical truth that drove him to explore the deeper patterns and meanings of the past , and the contemporary implications , that others had missed or misled us about . Public appointments Never an ivory tower academic , Hirst held a number of influential appointments during the course of his career . He was a member of the Prime Minister 's Republic Advisory Committee , the chair of the Commonwealth Civics Education Group , a member of the Film Australia Board , a council member of the National Museum of Australia , and a member of the board of Old Parliament House in Canberra . He wrote the official history of Australia for new citizens and took a prominent part in the history summit convened by Prime Minister John Howard in 2006 . Hirst advised the Victorian Government on the school history curriculum and was history adviser to the National Curriculum Authority . He was elected to the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia in 1986 . A committed republican , Hirst was the Convenor of the Republican Movement in Victoria . Hirst died on 3 February 2016 at the age of 73 .
|
2,904 | Gunfright is an arcade adventure video game developed by Ultimate Play the Game and published by U.S. Gold . It was first released for the ZX Spectrum in 1985 and was ported to the Amstrad CPC and the MSX later that year . In the game , the player takes the role of a sheriff in the town of Black Rock and is tasked with eliminating outlaws who are scattered throughout the settlement . The game was developed directly after Nightshade , and re uses the latter game 's Filmation II game engine that allows images to be rendered without overlapping each other . The game received mostly positive reviews upon release praise was directed at the graphics and presentation , but criticism was directed at the game 's similarity to Nightshade . It was later included in Rare Replay , Rare 's 2015 Xbox One retrospective compilation . Gameplay The game is presented in an isometric format and set in the fictional town of Black Rock . The player takes on the role of Sheriff Quickdraw , and the main objective of the game is to track down and kill a gang of outlaws who are hiding in the town . The game begins with a first person perspective targeting minigame in which vertically scrolling bags of money can be shot at using crosshairs . Shooting the bags give the player initial sums of money which can be used to purchase ammunition . During the game , Quickdraw must locate the wanted outlaws one by one . Once an outlaw has been found and shot ( shooting the outlaw does not kill him , but only initiates a duel ) , the game shifts to the first person targeting minigame . This time , the player must shoot the rapidly moving outlaw as quickly as possible . The player can either wait for the outlaw to draw , or take the initiative and shoot first , which will make the bandit draw his weapon as well . If the player successfully shoots an outlaw , a bounty is paid ( increasing with every round ) , and a new outlaw enters the town . During gameplay , players often encounter helpful residents who will point the way to outlaws . The residents need to be protected during gameplay , as the player has to pay a fine if any are shot by either bandits or Sheriff Quickdraw himself . Some outlaws are mounted on horseback , meaning that the player may have to saddle an imaginary horse to pursue them . Development and release Ashby Computers and Graphics was founded by brothers Tim and Chris Stamper , along with Tim 's wife , Carol , from their headquarters in Ashby de la Zouch in 1982 . Under the trading name of Ultimate Play the Game , they began producing multiple video games for the ZX Spectrum throughout the early 1980s . The company were known for their reluctance to reveal details about their operations and upcoming projects . Little was known about their development process except that they used to work in separate teams one team would work on graphics whilst the other would concentrate on other aspects such as sound or programming . The game was developed with the isometric projection game engine known as Filmation II , which was used previously in Ultimate 's 1985 ZX Spectrum game Nightshade . The Filmation engine was created by the Stamper brothers to portray 3D imagery . Filmation II used an image masking technique that drew and filled holes in the background , allowing the game to create composite structures out of pixelated drawings without visual overlay , despite the limitations platforms such as the ZX Spectrum offered . Gunfright was initially released for the ZX Spectrum in 1985 and was the last game to be developed under the direct involvement of the Stamper brothers . Realising that the graphical limits of platforms such as the ZX Spectrum had been pushed , future projects such as Blackwyche and Dragon unk were handed over to designer brothers Dave and Bob Thomas , who were often uncredited for their work . Gunfright , along with Knight Lore , Alien 8 and Nightshade , were re released for the MSX in 1986 , with Gunfright and Sabre Wulf being ported to the Amstrad CPC later that year . Gunfright was later included in an August 2015 Xbox One compilation of 30 Rare titles , Rare Replay . Reception The game received mostly positive reviews upon release . Reviewers writing for Crash praised the game 's graphics as highly detailed and colourful , but stated that the game was visually similar to Ultimate 's immediately previous game , Nightshade . Gwyn Hughes of Your Sinclair thought the graphics were the best aspect of the game , despite similarly comparing them to those of Nightshade . Hughes also praised the game 's smooth animation and the techniques used to portray the western town . A reviewer for CVG suggested that the game 's style and gameplay was a mix of Nightshade and Nintendo 's Duck Hunt . Reviewing the MSX version , a reviewer for Computer Gamer praised the game 's plot , and was complimentary of the way the game was able to separate itself from Ultimate 's previous game , which had used the same Filmation engine . Reviewers writing for Crash praised the gameplay , stating that the game 's element was considerably developed and that the several different stages were highly addictive . Writers in CVG criticised the gameplay , noting that they found it difficult to distinguish the outlaws from other male inhabitants of the town . They also noted the absence of puzzle elements which was considered unusual for an Ultimate game . Bill Bennett of Your Computer similarly considered the omission of puzzle elements unusual , but welcomed the witty change in genre from the previous dungeon themed video games .
|
2,905 | The Christian doctrine of the Session of Christ or heavenly session says that Jesus Christ is seated at the right hand of God the Father in Heaven the word session is an archaic noun meaning sitting . Although the word formerly meant the act of sitting down , its meaning is somewhat broader in current English usage , and is used to refer to a sitting for various reasons , such as a teaching session , or a court or council being in session . The New Testament also depicts Jesus as standing and walking in Heaven , but the Session of Christ has special theological significance because of its connection to the role of Christ as King . The Session of Christ is one of the doctrines specifically mentioned in the Apostles ' Creed , where sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty immediately follows the statement of the Ascension . Biblical references According to the Book of Acts , Acts 2 33 , after Jesus ' resurrection and ascension , he was exalted to the right hand of God . Preaching on the Day of Pentecost , Peter saw Jesus ' exaltation as a fulfilment of Psalm 110 1 , The LORD says to my Lord Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet . In the Bible , the right hand is the special place of honour . The idea of Christ 's heavenly session appears a second time in the account of Peter 's preaching in the Book of Acts . In Acts 5 31 , Peter says that God exalted Jesus , to his own right hand ( unk ) , though Louis unk notes that the dative unk unk may have to be taken in the instrumental sense ( by his own right hand ) rather than a local sense ( at his own right hand ) . The heavenly session was important to other writers of the New Testament . In the Epistle to the Hebrews , Hebrews 10 12 , it says that Jesus sat down at the right hand of God , after he had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins . As in Acts 2 , the language of Psalm 110 is used , the next verse saying that Jesus is waiting for his enemies to be made his footstool . Other New Testament passages that speak of Christ as being at God 's right hand are Ephesians 1 20 ( God seated Christ at his right hand in the heavenly realms ) and unk 3 22 ( Jesus has gone into heaven and is at God 's right hand ) . In Matthew Matthew 26 64 and Mark 14 62 , Jesus says to Caiaphas , you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power . This is a reference to Daniel 7 13 , in which Daniel sees a vision of one like a son of man coming to the Ancient of Days . Posture The word session is an archaic noun meaning sitting . Wayne unk notes that the word formerly meant the act of sitting down , but that it no longer has that sole meaning in ordinary English usage today . This language is used in Psalm 110 1 and Hebrews 10 12 . In Acts 7 55 , however , Stephen sees Jesus standing at the right hand of God . This may represent Jesus rising momentarily from the throne of glory to greet his proto martyr , standing as a witness to vindicate Stephen 's testimony , or preparing to return . In the Book of Revelation , Revelation 2 1 , on the other hand , Jesus is referred to as walking among the seven golden unk . Robert unk suggests that since these unk represent seven churches , Jesus ' motion indicates that he is present in their midst and aware of their activities . In the creeds The Apostles ' Creed says of Jesus that He ascended into heaven , and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty ( 1662 Book of Common Prayer ) . The words and sitteth on the right hand of the Father , do not appear in the Nicene Creed of 325 , but are present in the unk Constantinopolitan Creed of 381 , and are retained in all English versions of the Nicene Creed . Theological significance In the Bible , to be at the right side is to be identified as being in the special place of honor , and thus the full participation of the risen Christ in God 's honor and glory is emphasized by his being at God 's right hand . The heavenly session is often connected to the enthronement of Christ as King . The Catechism of the Catholic Church says that being seated at the Father 's right hand signifies the inauguration of the Messiah 's kingdom . Louis unk notes that , in his session , Christ is publicly inaugurated as God man , and as such receives the government of the Church and of heaven and earth , and enters solemnly upon the actual administration of the power committed to Him . In Hebrews 10 12 , however , it is Jesus ' priestly office that is in view . The session refers to the completed nature of the work , in the same way that a human being will sit down at the completion of a large work to enjoy the satisfaction of having accomplished it . F. F. Bruce argues that The presence of Messiah at God 's right hand means that for His people there was now a way of access to God more immediate and heart satisfying than the obsolete temple ritual had ever been able to provide . Karl Barth says that the session of Christ is the first and the last thing that matters for our existence in time , and that Whatever prosperity or defeat may occur in our space , whatever may become and pass away , there is one constant , one thing that remains and continues , this sitting of His at the right hand of God the Father . Use in unk The heavenly session is referred to in many hymns , such as Charles Wesley 's hymn Rejoice , the Lord is King The Christmas carol Once in Royal David 's City contrasts Christ 's humble birth with his heavenly session the last verse begins
|
2,906 | Up All Night The Live Tour is a video album documenting the 3 January 2012 show of English Irish boy band One Direction 's Up All Night Tour . It was released on 28 May 2012 by Syco Music . Filmed at the International Centre in the British city of Bournemouth , the 73 minute recording was directed by Andy Saunders and produced by Saunders and Tom unk . Up All Night The Live Tour features concert footage and backstage content . It attracted positive commentary and global success , having topped the charts in twenty five countries and selling one million copies by August 2012 . The recording additionally obtained multi platinum certifications from the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) , Music Canada ( MC ) , the Syndicat National de l 'dition Phonographique ( SNEP ) , and the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Development and release The 73 minute recording was directed by Andy Saunders , and was produced by Saunders and Tom unk . Security was provided by Preston Mahon and Jag unk . Karen unk was the band chaperone , and Jon Shone was the musical director . During the concert , Shone additionally performed key boards , Sandy Beales performed bass guitar , Josh Devine performed drums , and Dan Richards performed guitar . Paul Higgins , Richard Griffiths , Harry Magee , Will Bloomfield served as managers , and Marco unk assistant . Tom Bairstow carried out the video production , Rob Derbyshire soundtracks , and Rob Arbuckle screen 3D unk . Matt English served as show 's graphic designer , Helene unk vocal coach , Louise Doyle creative director , Paul Roberts choreographer , Caroline Watson and Lydia Taylor costume stylists , and unk Riley and Lou Teasdale groomers . Up All Night The Live Tour was available to pre order by early April 2012 . In support of the release , a preview of the recording , its performance of Moments , was released on 12 April . A 30 second preview of its More than This performance premiered on the CBS entertainment television news show Entertainment Tonight on 9 May . The entire More than This performance debuted on YouTube on 11 May , with MTV News editor Jocelyn Vena suggesting that fans would appreciate the recording 's sequences . The video album was released on DVD and Blu ray on 28 May , by Syco Music and Columbia Records . One Direction held a global Twitter viewing party for Up All Night The Live Tour on 31 May . Utilising the hashtag unk , fans had the opportunity to talk to the band directly on Twitter as the group 's members and fans watched the recording simultaneously . Reception Up All Night The Live Tour garnered positive commentary and global success , having topped the charts in twenty five countries and selling one million copies by August 2012 . A Yahoo contributor favoured the concert 's acoustic performances as showcasing the members ' individual tones and vocal prowess . Joanne Dorken , writing for MTV News , praised the group 's stage presence and the content itself as having all the thrills and spills you would expect from a 1D concert . She additionally deemed it a must have for any unk , a One Direction fan , as it gives an up close and personal insight into the world of the boy band . An editor for unk shared Dorken 's sentiments and summarised it as all good fun , but was dismayed by the choreography in the What Makes You Beautiful performance . The recording reached number six on the United Kingdom 's Official Video Chart , and had sold 61 , 000 units in the United Kingdom by 2 August 2012 . In Australia , it debuted at number one on the ARIA DVD chart and was certified six times platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) for shipments of 90 , 000 units in its first week of sale . The recording was ultimately certified nine times platinum in Australia for shipments of 135 , 000 units . In the United States , Up All Night The Live Tour debuted at number one on Billboard 's Top Music Videos chart with first week sales of 76 , 000 copies , surpassing sales of the Billboard 200 number one album , John Mayer 's Born and Raised , which sold 65 , 000 copies . One Direction made US chart history as the feat marks the first time a music DVD had outsold the Billboard 200 number one album . Its opening figure also makes it the highest music DVD debut of 2012 and the second highest debut in the past five years behind Adele 's Live at the Royal Albert Hall , which launched at number one in December 2011 , with 96 , 000 copies . In the week ending 27 January 2013 , Up All Night The Live Tour claimed its 30th week on top of the Top Music Videos Chart , which is longer than any other title since the chart originated in March 1995 . It surpassed Ray Stevens ' Comedy Video Classics , which logged 29 weeks on top in 1993 1994 . The recording was ultimately certified five times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) on 29 May 2013 , indicating shipments of 500 , 000 copies . In Mexico the DVD debuted at number one of the Music DVD Chart selling over 10 , 000 copies , being certified Gold in its first week . Two months after its release it had gone on to sell over 40 , 000 copies and was certified double platinum by Mexican Recording Industry Association ( AMPROFON ) . Up All Night The Live Tour ended up as the best selling International DVD of the year with sales of 50 , 000 . Track listing Special features On Tour with One Direction Music videos of What Makes You Beautiful , Gotta Be You , and One Thing Chart positions Certifications
|
2,907 | SMS Wittelsbach ( His Majesty 's Ship Wittelsbach ) was the lead ship of the Wittelsbach class of pre dreadnought battleships of the Kaiserliche Marine . Wittelsbach was built at Wilhelmshaven Navy Dockyard . She was laid down in 1899 and completed in October 1902 , at the cost of 22 , 740 , 000 marks . Wittelsbach was the first capital ship built under the Navy Law of 1898 , brought about by Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz . The ship served in the I Squadron of the German fleet for the majority of her career . Wittelsbach was rapidly superseded by new all big gun warships , and as a result served for less than eight years before being decommissioned on 20 September 1910 . After the start of World War I in August 1914 , Wittelsbach was brought back to active duty in the IV Battle Squadron . The ship saw limited duty in the Baltic Sea against Russian forces , though the threat from British submarines forced the ship to withdraw by 1916 . The ship then saw service in a number of auxiliary roles , ultimately as a tender for minesweepers after 1919 . In July 1921 , however , the ship was sold and broken up for scrap metal . Description Wittelsbach was 126 . 8 m ( 416 ft 0 in ) long overall and had a beam of 22 . 8 m ( 74 ft 10 in ) and a draft of 7 . 95 m ( 26 ft 1 in ) forward . The ship was powered by three 3 cylinder vertical triple expansion engines that drove three screws . Steam was provided by six naval and six cylindrical coal fired water tube boilers . Wittelsbach 's powerplant was rated at 14 , 000 metric horsepower ( 13 , 808 ihp 10 , 297 kW ) , which generated a top speed of 18 knots ( 33 km h 21 mph ) . She had a crew of 30 officers and 650 enlisted men . Wittelsbach 's armament consisted of a main battery of four 24 cm ( 9 . 4 in ) SK L 40 guns in twin gun turrets , one fore and one aft of the central superstructure . Her secondary armament consisted of eighteen 15 cm ( 5 . 9 inch ) SK L 40 guns and twelve 8 . 8 cm ( 3 . 45 in ) SK L 30 quick firing guns . The armament suite was rounded out with six 45 cm ( 18 in ) torpedo tubes , all in above water swivel mounts . Her armored belt was 225 millimeters ( 8 . 9 in ) thick in the central portion that protected her magazines and machinery spaces , and the deck was 50 mm ( 2 . 0 in ) thick . The main battery turrets had 250 mm ( 9 . 8 in ) of armor plating . Service history Wittelsbach 's keel was laid in 1899 , at the Kaiserliche Werft in Wilhelmshaven , under construction number 25 . She was ordered under the contract name C , as a new unit for the fleet . The vessel was the first battleship built under the direction of State Secretary Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz , according to the terms of the Navy Law of 1898 . Wittelsbach was launched on 3 July 1900 and commissioned on 15 October 1902 . Upon commissioning in 1902 , Wittelsbach was assigned to the I Squadron of the Active Battle Fleet . In 1905 the German fleet was reorganized into two squadrons of battleships . Wittelsbach was assigned to the I Division of I Squadron . The ship was joined by her sisters Wettin and Zhringen . The German fleet consisted of another three ship division in the I Squadron and 2 three ship divisions in the II Squadron . This was supported by a cruiser division , composed of two armored cruisers and six protected cruisers . That year , Kapitn zur See Maximilian von Spee , who would go on to command the East Asia Squadron at the outbreak of World War I , took command of the ship . In 1907 , the newest Deutschland class battleships were beginning to enter service . This provided the Navy with enough ships to form two full battle squadrons of eight ships each . The fleet was then renamed the Hochseeflotte ( High Seas Fleet ) . Wittelsbach served in the I Division until 20 September 1910 . The ship was then decommissioned and placed in reserve her crew was then sent to man the newly commissioned dreadnought Posen . World War I At the start of World War I , Wittelsbach was mobilized as part of the IV Battle Squadron , under the command of Vice Admiral Ehrhard Schmidt . Starting on 3 September , the IV Squadron , assisted by the armored cruiser Blcher , conducted a sweep into the Baltic . The operation lasted until 9 September and failed to bring Russian naval units to battle . In May 1915 , Wittelsbach and the rest of IV Squadron was transferred to support the German Army in the Baltic Sea area . Wittelsbach and her sisters were then based in Kiel . On 6 May , the IV Squadron ships were tasked with providing support to the assault on Libau . Wittelsbach and the other ships were stationed off Gotland to intercept any Russian cruisers that might attempt to intervene in the landings the Russians , however , did not do so . On 10 May , after the invasion force had entered Libau , the British submarines HMS E1 and HMS E9 spotted the IV Squadron , but were too far away to attack them . By 1916 , the threat from submarines in the Baltic convinced the German navy to withdraw the elderly Wittelsbach class ships from active service . Wittelsbach was initially used as a training ship based in Kiel . The ship was then transferred to Wilhelmshaven for use as a fleet tender . Wittelsbach was converted into a depot ship in 1919 for minesweepers in the newly constituted Reichsmarine . She carried 12 of these shallow draft vessels . The ship served in this capacity for little more than a year on 8 March 1921 , Wittelsbach was stricken from the Navy List and sold four months later , on 7 July , for 3 , 561 , 000 Marks . The ship was then broken up for scrap in Wilhelmshaven .
|
2,908 | Tiverton Preedy ( 22 January 1863 26 April 1928 ) was an English clergyman who worked in Yorkshire and London from 1887 until his death , where he was noted for his work with the poor . He was particularly interested in the use of sport within ministry , and founded a church football team in the town of Barnsley which became the modern Barnsley F.C. In 1883 he moved to London to become curate of a church in Islington , and later opened a nearby mission . He opened a boxing club at the mission and organised dances for local flower sellers . In recognition of his work , he was appointed a prebendary of St. Pauls Cathedral in 1926 . He died two years later and is buried in Islington Cemetery . In the 1990s , supporters of Barnsley F.C. located and restored his grave . Early life Preedy was born in Hunstanton in the county of Norfolk in 1863 , the second son of a local estate agent . He attended Bloxham School near Sleaford , Lincolnshire before entering Lincoln Theological College in 1885 , where he trained to become a minister in the Church of England . In 1887 he was ordained as a deacon , and in the same year was appointed to the position of Assistant Stipendiary Curate at St Peter 's church in the centre of Barnsley . The church had originally been set up as a mission to tend to the people of the poverty stricken area , but was licensed as a parish in its own right in 1887 . Preedy was engaged to assist the vicar , John Lloyd Brereton . During his time at Theological College , Preedy had become keen on the concept of using sport to engender moral values , an idea much in vogue at the time and known as muscular Christianity . To this end , he decided to join a local sporting club , through which he hoped to come into closer contact with the local people . He initially joined a rugby football club , but resigned in protest at the team 's decision to play a match on Good Friday . Formation of Barnsley Football Club Shortly after his split from the rugby club , Preedy encountered by chance a group of young men discussing the idea of forming an association football club . Preedy was taken with the idea , not least because football was seen in the area as the poor man 's sport and his involvement would therefore bring him into greater contact with the poor people he wished to help through his ministry . To this end he formed a football club in September 1887 . Preedy acted as principal fundraiser and organiser of the club , dubbed Barnsley St Peter 's F.C. , and even played in its first match . A keen supporter of the Temperance movement , Preedy demanded high standards of behaviour from his players , and once refused to allow St Peter 's to play a match against local rivals Ardsley Old due to the conduct of the latter 's supporters . Preedy was also responsible for securing the use of the land on which the Oakwell stadium still stands . After being refused permission to hire a field belonging to the owners of the Barnsley Brewery , Preedy 's appeal to the wife of one of the owners ultimately led to the club being granted permission to play at Oakwell . In 1891 Preedy was instrumental in the formation of the Barnsley Charity Football Association and the creation of the Barnsley Charity Cup . St. Peter 's reached the inaugural final but were surprisingly defeated by underdogs Ecclesfield . Departure from Barnsley In 1893 Preedy moved to London to become curate of St. Clement 's Church in Islington . Such was the regard in which the clergyman was held in the town that a civic reception was held to mark his departure , and tributes were printed in the Barnsley Chronicle . The St. Peter 's players presented him with a walking stick , a pipe and a tobacco pouch . Four years after his departure , the club severed its links to the church and became known simply as Barnsley F.C. Preedy spent four years at St. Clement 's before being appointed to run a nearby mission in what was then an extremely deprived area of the city . At the time of his appointment the mission operated out of converted unk and the house with which Preedy was provided had no furniture . Preedy once again endeavoured to use sport as part of his ministry and opened a boxing club at the mission . Future world champion Terry Allen boxed at the club as a youngster , and among the wrestlers who trained there was future British champion and Olympic Games competitor George MacKenzie . Preedy also organised dances for the girls who sold flowers on local streets . Preedy remained in contact with the football club he had founded in Barnsley and was a guest of honour at the 1912 FA Cup Final , in which Barnsley defeated West Bromwich Albion to lift the trophy . The victorious team presented him with the match ball , which he displayed in his study until his death . Later years In 1926 Preedy was appointed a prebendary at St. Pauls Cathedral , in recognition of his work in Islington . At around the same time he began to suffer from heart problems , and died in his sleep in April 1928 . His funeral was attended by several thousand mourners , and he was buried at Islington Cemetery in Finchley . His obituary in the Islington Gazette described him as a generous friend to the poor and the Bishop of Stepney in his eulogy called him a wonderful parish priest and a splendid friend , and made particular reference to his use of sport in his ministry . In 1997 representatives of the club he founded located his grave in London and laid wreaths in the club 's colours . Full restoration of the grave was later carried out by the Barnsley F.C. Supporters ' Trust .
|
2,909 | HMS Diana was a D class destroyer of the Royal Navy . Ordered in 1931 , the ship was constructed by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company , and entered naval service in 1932 . Diana was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet before she was transferred to the China Station in early 1935 . She was temporarily deployed in the Red Sea during late 1935 during the Abyssinia Crisis , before returning to her duty station where she remained until mid 1939 . Diana was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before the Second World War began in September 1939 . She served with the Home Fleet during the Norwegian Campaign . The ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in 1940 and renamed HMCS Margaree . She served for just over a month with the Canadians before being sunk in a collision with a large freighter she was escorting on 22 October 1940 . Design and construction Diana displaced 1 , 375 long tons ( 1 , 397 t ) at standard load and 1 , 890 long tons ( 1 , 920 t ) at deep load . The ship had an overall length of 329 feet ( 100 . 3 m ) , a beam of 33 feet ( 10 . 1 m ) and a draught of 12 feet 6 inches ( 3 . 8 m ) . She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines , driving two shafts , which developed a total of 36 , 000 shaft horsepower ( 27 , 000 kW ) and gave a maximum speed of 36 knots ( 67 km h 41 mph ) . Steam for the turbines was provided by three Admiralty 3 drum water tube boilers . Diana carried a maximum of 473 long tons ( 481 t ) of fuel oil that gave her a range of 5 , 870 nautical miles ( 10 , 870 km 6 , 760 mi ) at 15 knots ( 28 km h 17 mph ) . The ship 's complement was 145 officers and men . The ship mounted four 45 calibre 4 . 7 inch Mark IX guns in single mounts . For anti aircraft ( AA ) defence , Diana had a single 12 pounder AA gun between her funnels and two QF 2 pounder Mk II AA guns mounted on the side of her bridge . She was fitted with two above water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21 inch torpedoes . One depth charge rail and two throwers were fitted 20 depth charges were originally carried , but this increased to 35 shortly after the war began . Diana was ordered under the 1930 Naval Estimates on 2 February 1931 from the yards of Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company , Hebburn on Tyne . She was laid down on 12 June 1931 , launched on 16 June 1932 and finally commissioned into the Navy on 21 December 1932 . She cost a total of 229 , 502 , excluding the weapons and the communications equipment which were supplied by the Admiralty . Operational history With the Royal Navy The ship was initially assigned to the 1st Destroyer Flotilla in the Mediterranean and made a brief deployment to the Persian Gulf and Red Sea in September November 1933 . While in the Mediterranean , Diana was commanded by Geoffrey Oliver for a time . The ship was refitted at Sheerness Dockyard between 3 September and 23 October 1934 for service on the China Station with the 8th ( later the 21st ) Destroyer Flotilla and arrived there in January 1935 . She was attached to the Mediterranean Fleet in the Red Sea from September 1935 to May 1936 during the Abyssinian Crisis and made port visits in Bombay and East Africa before returning to Hong Kong on 7 August . On one occasion in 1937 Diana investigated why a lighthouse near Amoy was not lit and discovered that it had been attacked by pirates . She remained in the Far East until the rise in tensions before World War II began prompted her recall in August 1939 . With the outbreak of war , Diana and her sisters Duncan , Daring , and Dainty , were assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet , arriving there in October . She was repaired at Malta during November and rejoining the fleet in December where she was briefly placed on contraband control duties before she was transferred to the Home Fleet 's 3rd Destroyer Flotilla . Diana arrived in Home waters in January 1940 , and was assigned to the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla . Here her duties included screening units of the Home Fleet and carrying out patrols . On 15 February , the ship escorted HMS Duncan as she towed by tugs from Invergordon to the Forth for permanent repairs , after the latter had been damaged in a collision whilst escorting a convoy . During the Norwegian Campaign , Diana escorted the aircraft carrier HMS Furious as she returned to Scapa Flow on 25 April to replenish her aircraft . On 1 May , she screened the light cruisers HMS Manchester and HMS Birmingham of the 18th Cruiser Squadron as they covered the evacuations from ndalsnes and the ship transported the Norwegian Commander in chief Major General Otto Ruge from Molde to Troms . The ship escorted the carriers HMS Glorious and Furious as the latter flew off RAF Gloster Gladiators fighters to Bardufoss airfield on 21 May . Ten days later Diana escorted the carriers HMS Ark Royal and Furious during Operation Alphabet , the Allied withdrawal from Norway . Transfer to Canada The ship was taken in hand for refit and repair in London in July . After their completion , Diana was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy to replace HMCS Fraser which had been sunk in a collision on 25 June 1940 with the British anti aircraft cruiser HMS Calcutta . The ship was formally commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy as HMCS Margaree on 6 September 1940 . On 17 October , she escorted Convoy unk bound for Canada , but the ship was sunk five days later when she collided with the freighter MV Port Fairy . Of the 176 men aboard Margaree at the time , six officers and 28 ratings were rescued by Port Fairy , but the other 142 were lost .
|
2,910 | The 2008 American League Central tie breaker game was a one game extension to Major League Baseball 's ( MLB ) 2008 regular season , played between the Chicago White Sox and Minnesota Twins to determine the champion of the American League 's ( AL ) Central Division . It was played at US Cellular Field in Chicago , Illinois , on September 30 , 2008 . The White Sox won the game , 1 0 , on a home run by Jim Thome , the lowest scoring game in MLB tie breaker history . The Sox advanced to the 2008 AL Division Series , where they lost to the Tampa Bay Rays , three games to one the Twins failed to qualify for the postseason . The game was necessary after both teams finished the season with identical win loss records of 88 74 . The White Sox won a coin flip late in the season which , by rule , awarded them home field in the game . In baseball statistics , the tie breaker counted as the 163rd regular season game by both teams , with all events in the game added to regular season statistics . Background Prior to the start of the season , the Detroit Tigers and Cleveland Indians , the division 's top two finishers in the previous season , were predicted to be the strongest teams by journalists such as Tom Verducci of ESPN and Joe Sheehan of Baseball Prospectus . However , the Indians lineup was weakened by injuries and spent just 13 days of the season in the division lead , last on May 17 . The Tigers never led the AL Central and finished the season in last place , 14 games back . The White Sox led for most of the season starting with a tie for first on May 17 , held at least a share of the lead for 154 days , and never dropped more than a game behind the leader . The Twins spent much of the season in second place behind the White Sox , along with 54 days in the lead . Despite going 11 15 in September , the Twins took a half game lead with an extra innings win over the White Sox on September 25 that capped a three game sweep of Chicago . The Twins maintained that lead through their final game , forcing Chicago to play a make up on September 29 against the Tigers which had been rained out earlier that month . The White Sox won , 8 2 , leaving the Sox and Twins tied atop the AL Central with 88 74 records , forcing a tie breaker to decide the division . Tickets for the tie breaker sold out within an hour of the end of the September 29 game . The White Sox won the right to play at U.S. Cellular Field , their home field , as a result of a coin flip earlier in September . Fans were encouraged to wear all black clothing to show support for the White Sox . The game was broadcast on TBS . The White Sox used John Danks on three days rest as their starter , and the Twins started Nick Blackburn . Game summary Box score for Blackout Day on Tuesday September 30 , 2008 6 37 p.m. ( CT ) at US Cellular Field in Chicago , Illinois Both Blackburn and Danks held the game scoreless early on , allowing only six baserunners through the first four innings of the game . The Twins ' Michael Cuddyer led off the top of the fifth with a double , the only Twins runner in scoring position for the entire game . Danks induced a deep flyball out from Delmon Young , which allowed Cuddyer to advance to third . Brendan Harris hit a deep flyball to center field which was caught for an out by Ken Griffey , Jr . Cuddyer tried to score on the ball as a sacrifice fly , but Griffey delivered an accurate throw to home plate and White Sox catcher A. J. Pierzynski blocked the plate and tagged out Cuddyer to end the inning . This play drew praise after the game as a nice throw and a defensive gem . The only run of the game scored when White Sox designated hitter Jim Thome led off the bottom of the seventh inning with a solo home run . Blackburn got Paul Konerko to ground out , but allowed a double to Griffey and , following an intentional walk to Alexei Ramrez , Jos Mijares relieved him . John Danks lasted through eight innings without allowing a run and was relieved by closer Bobby Jenks in the ninth . Jenks recorded three outs , securing the White Sox ' 1 0 victory with his 30th save of the season . Twins batters Joe Mauer , Justin Morneau , and Cuddyer had a combined 22 hits in 40 at bats ( .550 batting average ) against Danks for their careers but in the tie breaker they combined to go 1 for 9 ( unk ) with 3 strikeouts . This game saw the lowest combined score of any tie breaker game in MLB history , three runs lower than the 3 1 score of the first game of the 1951 National League tie breaker series . Aftermath With the victory , the White Sox earned their first playoff berth since their win in the 2005 World Series . However , they lost to the eventual pennant winning Tampa Bay Rays , three games to one . Statistically , the game counted as the 163rd regular season game . Thome 's home run , for example , was his 34th of the season . This total brought him a tie for fourth most in the league . Danks lowered his earned run average from 3 . 47 to 3 . 32 in the game , which moved him from a tie for tenth best in the league with Zack Greinke to fifth place . Mauer , Morneau , and White Sox outfielder Carlos Quentin won Silver Slugger Awards for their offensive performances in the 2008 regular season . Mauer also won a Rawlings Gold Glove Award that year . This was the last tie breaker with home field determined by a coin flip . Following the 2008 season MLB amended their rules , leaving future tie breaker sites to be determined on a series of performance based criteria beginning with the head to head record between the teams .
|
2,911 | Jake the Brick is the twentieth episode of the sixth season of the American animated television series Adventure Time . The episode was written , storyboarded , and directed by head writer Kent Osborne , from an outline by Adam Muto , Osborne , and series creator Pendleton Ward . Jake the Brick debuted on November 26 , 2014 on Cartoon Network as the third episode to be aired as part of the Corn Ooo copia a week of all new Adventure Time premieres . The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Jake tries to fulfill a bizarre lifelong ambition of being a brick inside a shack as it collapses . Finn , being supportive , leaves a walkie talkie with Jake , who absentmindedly begins to narrate the events around him . Finn and BMO are drawn into Jake 's storytelling , and Finn uses unk 's radio station to broadcast Jake 's narration of the trials and tribulations of a rabbit . All of Ooo is soon engrossed in the radio broadcast , unbeknownst to Jake . Jake the Brick was based on a doodle made by Tom Herpich during a game of exquisite corpse , making it one of the few episodes of Adventure Time to have been developed out of the game . Osborne at the production crew were so amused by Herpich 's drawing that they decided to build an episode in order to showcase it . The episode was viewed by 2 . 00 million viewers . The episode also was met with mostly positive critical reception , with many commenters appreciating its simplistic and calm nature . In 2015 , it won a Primetime Emmy Award for Short format Animation . Plot Finn wanders all over Ooo until he manages to locate Jake , who is fulfilling a bizarre lifelong ambition of being a brick inside a shack as it collapses . Finn expresses his support , but decides to head back to the Tree Fort . He leaves a walkie talkie with Jake . After a period of time passes , Jake begins absentmindedly narrating the events around him . Finn and BMO are drawn into Jake 's storytelling , and Finn uses unk 's radio station to broadcast Jake 's narration . Jake focuses his attention on the trials and tribulations of a rabbit . First , the rabbit is tormented by a rogue deer . Then , a storm threatens to destroy his home . But luckily , the rabbit enlists the aid of a friendly sea lard and several beavers , and together , the animals are able to rebuild the rabbit 's home . While Jake narrates , the entirety of Ooo tunes into the broadcast and becomes engrossed in the tale of the rabbit , unbeknownst to Jake . Production Jake the Brick was written and storyboarded by Adventure Time head writer Kent Osborne , from a story by Adam Muto , Osborne , Jack Pendarvis , and series creator Pendleton Ward . Osborne also served as the episode 's supervising director , while the art direction was helmed by Nick Jennings . The genesis for the episode can be traced back to a drawing made during a game of exquisite corpse by Tom Herpich . The quick doodle , which featured Finn offering a brick shaped Jake a sandwich , was accompanied by a short plot synopsis involving Jake 's son Kim Kil Whan . The plot was never used , but Osborne and the crew found the drawing so amusing that they decided to work it into an episode . In reality , Jake the Brick was one of the few episodes to have been generated from a game of exquisite corpse . According to Ward , most of the ideas that come from the game are terrible . A large portion of the dialogue used in the final episode was written by Pendarvis . Reception Jake the Brick aired on November 26 , 2014 on Cartoon Network and was the third episode to air during the Corn Ooo copia a week of all new Adventure Time premieres . It was seen by 2 . 00 million viewers and scored a 0 . 4 Nielsen rating in the 18 to 49 year old demographic . Nielsen ratings are audience measurement systems that determine the audience size and composition of television programming in the United States , which means that the episode was seen by 0 . 4 percent of all households aged 18 to 49 years old were watching television at the time of the episode 's airing . The episode also was met with mostly positive critical reception , with many commenters appreciating its simplistic and calm nature . Oliver Sava of The A.V. Club awarded the episode a B , calling it a satisfying episode . He applauded the way that Osborne took the episode 's fairly simple plot structure and framed it around an emergency news broadcast , noting that the episode emphasizes the value of radio as a communicative medium he positively compared the episode to the popular podcast Serial , writing that both this episode and the aforementioned podcast emphasize the importance of the audio experience . Furthermore , Sava opined that the episode was one of the show 's more experimental outings , and it was proof that the writers of Adventure Time had full creative control over their series . Dara Driscoll of TV Overmind named Jake the Brick one of the six best episodes of Adventure Time 's sixth season . She praised the episode for its calm and peaceful tone , arguing that it s a relaxing episode and as you listen to Jake tell the story of the bunny you become attached to its well being just like all of the listeners of the radio show . In September 2015 , the episode won an Emmy for Short format Animation , making it the series ' first win in this category . Explanatory notes
|
2,912 | I syng of a mayden ( sometimes titled As unk in unk ) is a Middle English lyric poem or carol of the 15th century celebrating the Annunciation and the Virgin Birth of Jesus . It has been described as one of the most admired short vernacular English poems of the late Middle Ages . Written by an anonymous hand , the text is now only to be found in the Sloane Manuscript 2593 , a collection of medieval lyrics now held in the British Library , although contemporary sources suggest it was well known in its day . Originally intended to be sung , no evidence of the work 's musical setting survives , and since its rediscovery and popularisation it has formed the basis for a number of modern choral and vocal works . Analysis The work has been described by Laura unk Miles , a Yale University researcher of medieval manuscripts , as one of the most admired fifteenth century Middle English lyrics which offers , within a deceptively simple form , an extremely delicate and haunting presentation of Mary ( the ' mayden unk is unk ' ) and her conception of Christ ( ' here sone ' ) . Primarily , the text celebrates the Annunciation of Mary as described in Luke 1 26 , but also widely references concepts from the Old Testament . Michael unk of University of Wisconsin Stevens Point notes that ' I syng of a mayden ' is a very quiet and very beautiful meditation on the inward aspects of the Annunciation , on the immediate consequences of Mary 's acceptance of Gabriel 's message . The concept of the choice of Mary is an important subtlety in the text . Derek Pearsall writes A brain and a subtle ear has gone into the making of this poem ... celebrating the mystery of Christ 's conception . Dew falling on grass , flower and spray ( traditional imagery , deriving from OT texts such as Psalms 72 6 ) suggests ease , grace and delicacy generally ( not progressive stages of insemination ) . The emphasis on Mary 's freedom of choice , at the moment of the annunciation , is theologically strictly proper . According to Miles , despite a celebratory opening , Mary 's physical stillness as proof of her virginity remains the poet 's priority . As a result , the poet repeats the phrase He cam also unk in three of the five verses . unk had several implications the stillness of the conception of Mary and of the birth of Jesus Christ . The poem is written from a first person point of view , and contains five quatrains . Below is the text in both its original Middle English , with spelling intact , and a modern translation . Origin The manuscript in which the poem is found , ( Sloane 2593 , unk 11 ) is held by the British Library , who date the work to unk and speculate that the lyrics may have belonged to a wandering minstrel other poems included in the manuscript include I have a unk unk , Adam lay i unk and two riddle songs A minstrel 's begging song and I have a yong unk . The Chaucer scholar Joseph Glaser notes that 2593 contains the only surviving copies of several indispensable poems . These include the aforementioned poem Adam lay i unk , A Babe is born al of a may , unk Domino and unk , unk unk . In 1836 , Thomas Wright suggested that , although his fellow antiquarian Joseph Ritson had dated the manuscript from the reign of Henry V of England ( 1387 1422 ) , he personally felt that although its greatest antiquity must be included within the fifteenth century , some lyrics contained within may be of an earlier origin . Wright speculated , on the basis of the dialect of Middle English , that the lyrics probably originated in Warwickshire , and suggested that a number of the songs were intended for use in mystery plays . More recent analysis of the manuscript places the dialect as being of East Anglian original and more specifically Norfolk two further carol MS from the county contain duplicates from Sloane 2593 . However , I syng of a mayden is a unique instance of this lyric . Although the Sloane Manuscript is the only surviving textual source , the bibliographer and Shakespearean scholar W. W. Greg proposed that the poem 's similarity to a much earlier 13th century poem held at Trinity College , Cambridge ( MS. B. 13 . 49 ) was unlikely to be accidental . Alan J. Fletcher , a specialist in Latin liturgical drama and the late Middle Ages , noted in 1978 that a set of contemporary sermons compiled by a writer called unk ( Bodleian MS Barlow 24 ) quote the final phrases of the poem in such a way to suggest the poem was more widely disseminated and known in its time unk , unk and Moder unk unk but ye unk may unk a unk unk unk be . Musical setting As most explicitly noted by the first quatrain , the poem was originally intended to be sung . Indeed , as noted by Stephen Medcalf , Emeritus professor at Sussex University , the text itself seems to imply melody and verse . However , due to the oral tradition of the time , the original melody of the song was not notated and over the course of time was forgotten . Since the rediscovery of the text , many composers have set the text to music , amongst them diverse choral or vocal interpretations by Martin Shaw , Patrick Hadley , Roger Quilter , John unk , Gustav Holst , Arnold Bax Peter Warlock , R.R. Terry , Lennox Berkeley , Benjamin Britten ( As unk in unk in his Ceremony of Carols ) , Ronald Corp ( 1975 ) , Philip Lawson a setting published by Walton Music , John Adams ( as the chorus I Sing of a Maiden in his opera oratorio El Nio ) , and Bob Chilcott ( in his Salisbury Vespers ) . The work is also regularly performed by the Mediaeval unk .
|
2,913 | No. 11 Elementary Flying Training School ( No. 11 EFTS ) was a Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) pilot training unit that operated during World War II . It was one of twelve elementary flying training schools employed by the RAAF to provide introductory flight instruction to new pilots as part of Australia 's contribution to the Empire Air Training Scheme . No. 11 EFTS was established in June 1941 at Benalla , Victoria , and operated Tiger Moths and Wackett Trainers during the war . It ceased training in July 1945 after almost 3 , 000 students had passed through , and was re formed as Care and Maintenance Unit ( CMU ) Benalla in February 1946 . CMU Benalla was disbanded in October 1948 . History Flying instruction in the Royal Australian Air Force ( RAAF ) underwent major changes following the outbreak of World War II , in response to a vast increase in the number of aircrew volunteers and the commencement of Australia 's participation in the Empire Air Training Scheme ( EATS ) . The Air Force 's pre war pilot training facility , No. 1 Flying Training School at RAAF Station Point Cook , Victoria , was supplanted in 1940 41 by twelve elementary flying training schools ( EFTS ) and eight service flying training schools ( SFTS ) . The EFTS provided a twelve week introductory flying course to personnel who had graduated from one of the RAAF 's initial training schools . Flying training was undertaken in two stages the first involved four weeks of instruction ( including ten hours of flying ) to determine trainees ' suitability to become pilots . Those that passed this grading process then received a further eight weeks of training ( including sixty five hours of flying ) at the EFTS . Pilots who successfully completed this course were posted to an SFTS in either Australia or Canada for the next stage of their instruction as military aviators . No. 11 Elementary Flying Training School ( No. 11 EFTS ) was formed at Benalla , Victoria , on 26 June 1941 , and came under the control of Southern Area Command . Its inaugural commanding officer was Squadron Leader I.C.C. Thomson . Before being taken over by the RAAF , Benalla was an emergency runway for civil aircraft on the journey between Sydney and Melbourne . No. 11 EFTS 's infrastructure , which included medical facilities and two satellite airstrips , had been budgeted at some 85 , 000 , primarily for buildings and engineering works . When the school opened , however , only stores depots and living quarters for the 100 odd staff were completed instructional courses , which commenced on 24 July , were initially held in tents near the main airstrip . No hangars were constructed for the de Havilland Tiger Moth training aircraft until towards the end of the year . Flying at Benalla was hampered by bad weather , and the runway was unusable from September to November 1941 , necessitating the detachment of over 250 personnel to Essendon , home of No. 3 EFTS , to continue their training . In October 1941 , six airmen of No. 11 EFTS were court martialled for mutiny . Their main grievance was having to undertake guard duty at night and attend parades at 7 15 am in addition to their regular ground support work . One of the men was found guilty of incitement and the other five for failing to report their knowledge of the matter to the commanding officer . The former was sentenced to eighteen months imprisonment and the others to between five and six months detention all were discharged from the Air Force . On 11 December 1941 , one of the school 's Tiger Moths made a crash landing in a field and struck four people on the ground , killing two and injuring the others the two pilots were uninjured . The outbreak of war in the Pacific saw slit trenches being dug at the base . The school began replacing its Tiger Moths with CAC Wackett Trainers in January 1942 . No. 11 EFTS absorbed No. 3 EFTS 's instructors , students and Wackett Trainers in April , shortly before the latter unit disbanded . The same month at Benalla , thirty two United States Army Air Corps pilots undertook four weeks of flying in the Wacketts . On 5 September 1942 , one of the Wacketts crashed after apparently stalling on takeoff , killing the trainee and seriously injuring the pilot . The Wackett Trainers were taken out of service for upgrades in February 1943 , and the school again began operating Tiger Moths . One pilot was killed and another seriously injured when their Tiger Moths collided shortly after takeoff on 15 June . On 7 July , one of the Tiger Moths crashed during a night flying exercise just east of Benalla , killing both pilots . Another Tiger Moth and its pilot were lost in a crash west of Benalla on 20 October 1943 . On 14 May 1944 , a pilot was killed and a trainee seriously injured when their Tiger Moth spun out of control during an instrument test north of Benalla . Flying training at No. 11 EFTS had largely wound down by May 1945 . Ten students from the Netherlands East Indies underwent courses in June , and in July all instruction stopped , by which time 2 , 953 trainees had attended the school . No. 11 EFTS 's facilities were used to establish Care and Maintenance Unit ( CMU ) Benalla on 28 February 1946 . It was one of many unk that the RAAF raised after the war for the storage and upkeep of surplus aircraft prior to their disposal . CMU Benalla was responsible for maintaining North American P 51 Mustangs . It transferred all its aircraft to CMU Tocumwal , New South Wales , on 15 October 1948 , and disbanded the same day . A memorial to No. 11 EFTS was dedicated at Benalla on 17 June 1995 .
|
2,914 | The Shumen fortress ( Bulgarian unk unk , unk unk ) is an archaeological site overlooking the city of Shumen in north eastern Bulgaria . It is an ancient fortress with historical links to a village nearby traced to early Iron Age and later owned by the Thracians in the 5th century BC . Then , from 2nd to 4th centuries AD , it was controlled by the Romans who built towers and walls , and it was refurbished by the Byzantines as their garrison town . Shumen thrived in the Middle Ages as an important stronghold of the Bulgarian Empire . In 1444 the fort was destroyed by the Ottomans after their victory in the Battle of Varna over a Christian army under Wadysaw III of Poland . The fortress remained deserted ever since . Restoration works on the fortress commenced in 2012 under the project titled Bulgaria Begins Here , and was completed partially in 2015 with financial assistance provided under the European Economic Area ( EEA ) and Norway Grants to the Shumen Municipality and the Shumen Regional Museum of History . Location The fortress is built over a hill which gives a commanding view of the Shumen city . It is located at a distance of 5 . 5 kilometres ( 3 . 4 mi ) from the Shumen city 's unk Mosque . It is located within the Shumen Plateau Nature Park . From the entrance of the fortress , about 3 kilometres ( 1 . 9 mi ) away is the Creators of the Bulgarian State Monument erected in 1981 during the communist regime to commemorate the 1300th anniversary of the Bulgarian state . An information center is 300 metres ( 980 ft ) away from this monument and a 3 kilometres ( 1 . 9 mi ) track from here leads to the fortress . History The fortress represents a substantial part of the history of Bulgaria . The Ancient Bulgars , semi nomadic warrior tribes of Turkic extraction , arrived in what is in now north eastern Bulgaria to the south of the Danube in the late 7th century AD and founded the First Bulgarian Empire . The fortress formed the town of Shumen during the First and Second Bulgarian Empire . During archaeological excavations , carried out since 1957 , a village dating back to the Iron Age ( around 4th century BC ) of the First Empire was revealed . Thracians ruled over the territory from 5th to 2nd century BC , which was followed by Romans who ruled from first century BC to 3rd century AD , and then by the early Byzantine from 4th to 6th century AD . During the First Bulgarian Empire the fortress was part of a system of fortifications providing for the defense of Pliska and Preslav , capital cities , and the religious centre of Madara . It then functioned as a minor fort during the 10th 12th centuries , as compared to the glory , economic prosperity and military might it had during the 4th 6th centuries . In the 13th century it again prospered as a political and economic entity of the reborn Bulgarian Empire . When the Byzantines temporarily took control of Preslav in 1278 during the Uprising of Ivaylo Shumen also acquired importance as an administrative and military centre . The fortress continued to thrive in the 14th century until the Ottoman Turks captured it in 1388 during a campaign of their first vizier unk Ali Pasha . In 1444 King Wadysaw III of Poland ( unk ) ( r . 1440 1444 ) of Polish Hungarian descent attempted to drive the Ottomans out of Europe at the head of a large Christian army but was defeated and killed in the Battle of Varna . Following this battle the fortress was looted and gutted , and the Ottoman rulers eventually abandoned it completely . Description The fortress was the best developed citadel during the 14th century . Archaeological excavations have been carried out since 1957 and many artefacts and structures have been unearthed . The ruined fort was partially restored during the period 2012 2015 . At the foot of the fortress , monasteries and churches were found some of which were reconstructed in the 1980s . The restoration works completed in 2015 covered walls of the fortress , creating tracks for walking around the fortress , and also building turnstiles . Other infrastructure created to encourage tourism are artistic lighting and equipment for temperature and humidity control , publicity brochures and overall management aspects . Coins and seals from the site were studied . A particular circular seal cast in bronze with two headed eagle at the top has been identified as belonging to tsar John Alexander ( r . 1331 1371 ) . The image on the seal is stated to be a common feature of the 14th century seals , which were also made of gold and silver . Another feature noted in the fortress was of a limestone projection which was carved on one side with a double headed eagle and a three pointed crown seen between the heads of the birds . It was inferred that this marking was either made on the occasion of the visit of the ruler of Bulgaria to the fortress or may be a representation of the last emperor who ruled from Tarnovo , Ivan Shishman ( r . 1371 1395 ) . In the 1970 excavations to the south of Shumen fortress , archaeologist Karel korpil unearthed the remnants of a church of 7 . 3 by 4 . 5 metres ( 24 ft 15 ft ) size . An inscription found on the wall of the fortress , dated to 13th century , relates to frequent terror attacks by Mongols . Restoration The restoration of the fortress was initiated in 2012 under the project titled Bulgaria Begins Here . The works were completed partially in 2015 with financial assistance provided under the European Economic Area ( EEA ) and Norway Grants to the Shumen Municipality and the Shumen Regional Museum of History .
|
2,915 | Psylliodes luridipennis , commonly known as the Lundy cabbage flea beetle or the bronze Lundy cabbage flea beetle , is a species of flea beetle endemic to the island of Lundy , where it lives and feeds upon the endemic Lundy cabbage ( Coincya wrightii ) . Along with the true weevil Ceutorhynchus contractus var. pallipes and an undescribed race of flea beetle Psylliodes napi , it is known only from the Lundy cabbage . The species was first recorded by Thomas Vernon Wollaston in the 1840s , and was named by the Austrian entomologist Franz unk in 1864 . Adult Lundy cabbage flea beetle measure around 3 millimetres ( 0 . 12 in ) in length . They have brassy green heads and bodies , with reddish brown elytra . The adults feed upon the leaves of the Lundy cabbage , while the larvae mine into the plants to feed . The species is threatened by fluctuating numbers of Lundy cabbages , particularly due to invasive common rhododendrons ( Rhododendron ponticum ) . Taxonomy and evolution The species was first collected by Thomas Vernon Wollaston , who visited Lundy in 1844 and 1845 . He collected specimens of 153 species of beetle , including a specimen of the species that later became known as P. luridipennis . Charles Owen Waterhouse listed the species in volume 2 of the Entomologist 's Monthly Magazine as Psylliodes 6 sp . , and it was formally described and named by Austrian entomologist Franz unk in the journal Wiener unk unk in 1864 . The ancestors of the modern P. luridipennis population would have been unable to survive on Lundy during the ice age . As such , the species must either be a relict species ( a species once more widespread ) , a species which is not unique to Lundy with other undiscovered populations , or the result of comparatively recent speciation on or near Lundy . One climactic and geological study suggests that the ancestors of Lundy cabbage and its beetles may have had the opportunity to colonise Lundy across land during a few hundred years around 10 , 800 years ago or may subsequently have been aided by now gone ' stepping stone ' land to the north east of the island . Description Psylliodes luridipennis adults are oblong ovate , and the same size and build as P. unk , but not as broad , measuring between 2 . 8 and 3 . 6 mm in length . They have a brassy green head and thorax , shining reddish brown elytra and brassy green legs . The hind femora are brassy in colour but paler at the base , and the antennae are brick red . The adults are fully winged , and are capable of flight . Its brassy colour , smaller size , and more finely and closely punctate striate elytra distinguish it from its ally , P. unk , which is also found on Lundy . P. luridipennis is sometimes called the bronze Lundy cabbage flea beetle to differentiate it from another beetle found on the Lundy cabbage . This latter beetle , the blue Lundy cabbage flea beetle , is a short winged form of the widespread P. napi . Ecology and distribution Adult Psylliodes luridipennis beetles are invariably found on the Lundy cabbage ( Coincya wrightii ) , a species endemic to the island of Lundy , where they feed on the leaves . They are not found on other locally occurring plants . However , researchers were also able to lure the beetles onto other unk taken from gardens . Two other taxa are known only from Lundy cabbages the true weevil Ceutorhynchus contractus var. pallipes and an undescribed race of the flea beetle Psylliodes napi making the plant unique to Britain as the only endemic species which is the exclusive host to endemic insect species . However , the Lundy cabbage is also host to a diverse variety of other invertebrate species . Psylliodes luridipennis is found throughout the highly limited range of the Lundy cabbage , including sheer sea cliffs and further inland at Millcombe House . The insects also found their way to Lundy cabbages artificially seeded within the cabbage 's range within a year . It had been hypothesised that P. luridipennis and Ceutorhynchus contractus var. pallipes may help pollinate the Lundy cabbage , but observations of the taxa indicate that neither visit flowers . While there are no honey bees on Lundy , other species of winged insects are present . The plant may rely primarily upon pollen beetles of the genus unk and the wind for pollination . Psylliodes luridipennis females lay their eggs on Lundy cabbage leaf stalks . The white larvae are leaf miners , digging into the petioles and stems . After emerging in late summer , they pupate in soil . Conservation Along with the Lundy cabbage , Psylliodes luridipennis has been listed in the United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan , and an action plan for its conservation , along with the conservation of other endemic species , has been prepared . This plan revolves mostly around the control of Rhododendron ponticum , an alien species which threatens the Lundy cabbage . The beetle is threatened by fluctuating numbers of Lundy cabbages . Though it is quicker than P. napi to recolonise new growth after bad years for the cabbage , it is slower to recover than the cabbage itself . The Joint Nature Conservation Committee recognise Psylliodes luridipennis as a priority species for conservation purposes , due to the fluctuating numbers of Lundy cabbages . Though the committee notes that h ost plant numbers have been low , but relatively stable since 2001 , it claims that P. luridipennis has been noticeably difficult to find in recent years . Based on pre 1994 IUCN Red List guidelines , the species was informally deemed as vulnerable .
|
2,916 | Isbul ( Bulgarian unk ) ( fl . 820s 830s ) was the kavhan , or first minister , of the First Bulgarian Empire during the reigns of Omurtag , Malamir and Presian I. Appointed to the kavhan office under Omurtag , Isbul was a regent or co ruler of the underage Malamir and his successor Presian . Under Malamir and Presian , Isbul headed Bulgaria 's successful campaigns against the Byzantines in southern Thrace and Macedonia , which led to a significant territorial expansion of the Bulgarian realm . As a co ruler of Malamir , Isbul also financed the construction of a water conduit in the capital Pliska . As second in command , Isbul held enormous power and wealth , and was unusually often mentioned beside the name of the ruler in inscriptions . Due to his merits , Isbul has been described as an architect of medieval Bulgarian statehood by historians . Biography The office of the kavhan was a hereditary title in the First Bulgarian Empire , monopolised by the members of the tentatively known unk family . In order to accede to that position , Isbul must have belonged to the unk family , which is indirectly evidenced by his Bulgar name . Historian Plamen Pavlov theorises that Isbul may have begun his career under the ruler Krum ( r . 803 814 ) , and by the time of Krum 's son Omurtag ( r . 815 831 ) , Isbul was already an influential noble . As he is referred to as a kavhan and regent of the next ruler , Malamir ( r . 831 836 ) , it is conjectured that he had been appointed to the office at some point during Omurtag 's rule . The earliest record of Isbul is the stone epigraph known as the Malamir Chronicle , which states that Malamir ruled together with kavhan Isbul . Malamir was the youngest son of Omurtag and must have been considered too young to rule by himself , so that a regent had to be appointed . Omurtag specified Malamir as his heir because his eldest son , unk , was a Christian . The Byzantines hoped to take advantage of Bulgaria 's instability at the time , caused by the presence of the underage Malamir on the throne , and broke the long lasting peace established with the Byzantine Bulgarian Treaty of 815 , which they had initially reaffirmed upon Malamir 's accession . In 836 , Isbul was in charge of the Bulgarian forces which repulsed the Byzantine invasion and proceeded to raid into Byzantine territory . As part of this campaign , Isbul and Malamir captured the Thracian fortresses of unk ( near Adrianople , modern Edirne ) and unk ( modern unk ) . After conquering these two fortresses , the Bulgarian troops reached Philippopolis ( now Plovdiv ) . As the defence forces of the city had fled , Isbul and Malamir entered negotiations with the population in order to persuade them to cede the fortress . Pavlov is of the opinion that the war ended with a continuation of the peace of 815 . He believes that Byzantine Emperor Theophilos ( r . 829 842 ) was forced to make concessions to Bulgaria , which may have included the incorporation of Philippopolis and its close surroundings into the Bulgarian Empire . During his time as co ruler and kavhan of Malamir , Isbul financed the construction of a water conduit ( aqueduct ) or fountain in Pliska , which he donated to Malamir . That construction was the occasion for a great feast , which the ruler organised , and for gifts to the nobility , all of it testifying to Isbul 's affluence . In the source about the construction , Isbul is hailed alongside Malamir May God let the God appointed ruler live a hundred years together with the kavhan Isbul . Normally , such blessings were only directed at the ruler , and this is the only case from the First Bulgarian Empire which references another person . The inscription also mentions Isbul 's old age at the time . After the surprise death of Malamir in 836 , the Bulgarian throne passed to Presian I ( 836 852 ) , who too was likely underage . As evidenced by the Presian Inscription from Philippi , Isbul retained his position as kavhan and his decisive influence in the Bulgarian court . In 837 , the Slavic tribe of the unk ( unk ) , who inhabited the lower Nestos ( Mesta ) River and Western Thrace near Drama , rose against their Byzantine rulers . The inscription of Philippi mentions large scale Bulgarian activity in the lands of the unk . The Bulgarian forces were led by Isbul , as well as the unk boil ( commander of the capital garrison ) and the head priest . As the inscription is damaged , it is unclear who Presian and Isbul supported in that conflict . However , during this campaign the Bulgarian army conquered most of Macedonia including Philippi , where the inscription was found . From that point on , Isbul disappears from the sources , and there is no information about the date and circumstances of his death . Assessment and legacy In his biography of Isbul , Pavlov underlines his extraordinary merits for the development of the Bulgarian state and describes him as one of the architects of medieval Bulgarian statehood during the years of its rise . Romanian historian Florin Curta emphasises the similarity of Isbul 's role to that of 8th century Mayors of the Palace in the Frankish lands under the Merovingian dynasty . Isbul Point on Livingston Island of the South Shetland Islands , Antarctica , was named in honour of kavhan Isbul by the Antarctic Place names Commission of Bulgaria . Isbul also features as a character in Aleksandar unk 's opera Khan unk , which debuted at the Ruse Opera House in 1981 . In the opera , however , Isbul is erroneously described as the kavhan of the first Bulgarian ruler , unk .
|
2,917 | Who Is It is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released by Epic Records on August 31 , 1992 , as the fifth single from Jackson 's eighth studio album , Dangerous ( 1991 ) . The song was written and composed by Jackson , and produced by Jackson and Bill Bottrell . The song 's lyrics pertain to despair over being left by someone you love some critics noted a comparison to the lyrics of the song to Jackson 's single , Billie Jean , from the album Thriller . As part of the promotion for the song , two music videos were released in 1992 . The song was not performed by Jackson on any of his world concert tours . He did , however , perform a small segment of the song in his interview with Oprah Winfrey in early 1993 . An instrumental portion of the song was supposed to be used during the This Is It comeback concerts in London , which were canceled due to Jackson 's death . Background and composition Who Is It was recorded by Michael Jackson in 1990 for his eighth studio album , Dangerous , which was released the following year . Jackson wrote and composed the track , and produced it with Bill Bottrell . It was released as the fifth single from Dangerous on August 31 , 1992 , by Jackson 's record label , Epic Records . The lyrics of the song tell of a man who is left in despair when his lover suddenly leaves him . He learns that she was unfaithful to him and wants to know with whom the person was that she cheated . Reception Several music critics compared Who Is It to Jackson 's 1983 single Billie Jean . Jon Pareles , a writer for The New York Times , described Who Is It as an imitation of Billie Jean . Chris Willman of the Los Angeles Times claimed that the track recaptures some of the slinky , insinuating feel of ' Billie Jean . ' Jonathan Bernstein , a writer for Spin , wrote that Who Is It was close skin to Billie Jean . Alan Light of Rolling Stone noted that unlike his previous efforts , it is about betrayal . Who Is It was commercially successful worldwide , generally peaking within the top 30 positions on national music charts . The song peaked at number 14 on the United States ' Billboard Hot 100 chart , while peaking at number six on Billboard Hot R B Hip Hop Songs , as well as topping the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play . Internationally , Who Is It reached the top 20 in several countries . The song debuted on the United Kingdom music chart at number 12 on July 25 , 1992 , and the following week reached its peak position , number 10 . It remained within the top 100 positions for seven consecutive weeks from July to September 1992 . In France , the track peaked at number eight on August 29 . Who Is It reached its lowest peak position at number 34 in Australia . In Austria , the track debuted at its peak position , number five the song remained within the top 30 chart positions from August to October . Who Is It debuted in Switzerland on August 2 , at number 40 , and peaked at number 14 two weeks later . The song debuted at number 94 in the Netherlands , and the following week moved up 60 positions , eventually peaking at number 13 . In Sweden , the track entered the country 's music chart at its peak position , number 24 and , after four weeks , fell out of the top 50 . In Norway , the track debuted at its peak position , number 10 on the 30th week of 1992 the song charted at its peak position for two weeks before falling off the chart . The song also peaked at number 16 in New Zealand . After Jackson 's death in June 2009 , his music experienced a surge in popularity . Who Is It re entered the Switzerland music charts for the first time in over 17 years , hitting number 49 on July 12 , 2009 . Music video Directed by David Fincher , the music video for Who Is It was released in 1993 . It begins with Jackson in what seems to be a hotel , singing about his girlfriend . He is distressed because he found a silver card in with the name Alex on it . To him , it implies that Alex is another man who his girlfriend is with thus , she is cheating on Jackson . However , as the story in the video unfolds , this is not true , because the girl takes on different identities ( I.e. Eve , Diana , etc . ) for her job as a high class call girl . Alex ( which is also a girl 's name ) , just happens to be one of them . The video alternates scenes from where Jackson is singing about his pain , to where the girl is being changed into her different identities and taking care of her jobs ( mostly meeting with other men and even some women and sleeping with them ) . Towards the end of the video , Jackson has packed up his bags to leave town , because of his distress . A helicopter comes to pick him up from his house . The girl comes to Jackson 's house and she asks his assistant ( who knows the situation and aided Jackson in his departure ) to let her in . The assistant shakes his head , implying that he left . When she asks why , he drops a flutter of silver nameplates ( including the one that said Alex ) from a slot in the door . After that scene , Jackson is seen sleeping and smoke floats out the side of the screen . The girl regrets and takes off her makeup to quit what she was doing . This version did not initially air in the USA but was included on the video albums Dangerous The Short Films and Michael Jackson 's Vision . Another version of the video features footage from past music videos and live performances . This is the version that first aired in the USA . Track listing Credits and personnel Chart performance Weekly charts
|
2,918 | The first season of the Canadian American animated comedy television series Ed , Edd n Eddy , created by Danny Antonucci , originally aired on Cartoon Network in the United States . Although originally set to premiere in November 1998 , the season ran from January 4 , 1999 to June 11 , 1999 , and consists of 26 episodes . The series revolves around three adolescent boys collectively known as the Eds , who live in a suburban cul de sac . Unofficially led by Eddy , the Eds constantly scheme to make money off their peers in order to purchase their favorite confectionery , jawbreakers . However , their plans usually fail , leaving them in various predicaments . Adult cartoonist Antonucci conceived Ed , Edd n Eddy while working on a commercial design . Antonucci pitched the series to Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon . Both studios were interested in the series , but each demanded creative control and Antonucci refused . Cartoon Network ended up commissioning the show after agreeing to let Antonucci have control of the show . After its debut , the series was a success in Nielsen ratings , popular among younger and older viewers . Met with generally positive reviews , the season earned Antonucci a Reuben Award for Best Television Animation . The Complete First Season DVD was released in Region 1 in 2006 and Region 4 in 2007 . Both Ed , Edd n Eddy DVD volumes , Edifying Ed Ventures and Fools ' Par Ed Ise , also featured season one episodes . All the DVDs were published by Warner Home Video . The entire season can also be purchased from the iTunes Store . The season was written by Antonucci , Jono Howard , Mike Kubat and Rob Boutilier . Cast Matt Hill , Samuel Vincent and Tony Sampson were cast as Ed , Double D and Eddy . David Paul Grove and Keenan Christenson played the parts of Jonny 2 4 and Jimmy , respectively , while Sarah was voiced by Janyse Jaud . Peter Kelamis voiced Rolf , while Kathleen Barr was cast as Kevin . Nazz was voiced by Tabitha St. Germain . Erin Fitzgerald played the part of May Kanker . The other two Kanker sisters , Marie and Lee , were voiced by Kathleen Barr and Janyse Jaud . Reception Ratings Although originally set to premiere on November 7 , 1998 , it aired on January 4 , 1999 , as the 6th Cartoon Cartoon , due to minor post production delays . According to Cartoon Network executive Linda Simensky , the first season did remarkably well in ratings following its premiere , becoming one of the top rated series on the network , prompting Cartoon Network to quickly order up a second season for a November 1999 premiere , and later a third and fourth . Reviews and accolades Despite not being as acclaimed as its second season , reception of the first season was still generally positive . Despite giving the Edifying Ed Ventures DVD a negative review , IGN 's Mike Drucker praised the show , saying Every bit of the show is played for the maximum comic effect , and the interactions between the characters are usually very fun , and particularly praised the season finale , Avast Ye Eds , saying that it is a good example of how the animators developed a clever , surreal environment that most kids could probably relate to . They simply go wild and allow regular childhood adventures turn into comedic epics , very over the top , but still linked to the way that kids act and react to strange situations . While calling it a gem and of entertaining nature , he criticized the storylines as repetitive and said the show lacks the genius of SpongeBob . Terrence Briggs of Animation World Magazine considered every second of the show filler and lamented that the main characters are drawn as products from the school of acid trip caricature . After Briggs ' review was published , a large number of letters supportive of the show were sent to the magazine , prompting it to take a second look at the show . Different reviewers then gave it a positive review , calling it a fresh show with very different approaches . The season earned Antonucci a Reuben Award for Best Television Animation . The season had a slight impact on popular culture . A journalist in Tallahassee , Florida wrote a column in his local newspaper about his search for the huge jawbreakers his children saw on Ed , Edd n Eddy . During the run of the first season , a number of fansites were already being set up . Home media Warner Home Video released a number of Ed , Edd n Eddy DVDs , two of which were DVD volumes . The first , titled Edifying Ed Ventures , was released on May 10 , 2005 , in region 1 and on May 15 , 2006 , in region 2 , featuring three season one episodes , Sire Ed a Lot , Who , What , Where , Ed and Avast Ye Eds , out of a total six . It was followed by Fools ' Par Ed Ise on March 21 , 2006 , but only featured on episode from the season , Fool on the Ed . The Complete First Season 1 . 33 1 aspect ratio 294 minute two disc set was released in region 1 on October 10 , 2006 , and in region 2 on July 18 , 2007 . The DVD is in English ( Dolby Digital Stereo ) , and is dubbed in French and Spanish , with subtitles in English , Spanish and French . The set includes special features such as an interview with the creator , How to make an Ed , Edd n Eddy cartoon , How to Draw Eddy and a Cartoon Network commercial bumper featuring Jimmy and Plank . The season is available for download on the iTunes Store . The Fools ' Per Ed Ise and The Complete First Season DVDs can also be purchased on the Cartoon Network Shop . Episodes Note All episodes were directed by Antonucci
|
2,919 | Andrew James Simpson , MBE ( 17 December 1976 9 May 2013 ) , nicknamed Bart , was an English sailor . He won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , as crew for skipper Iain Percy in the Star class representing Great Britain . Simpson was killed in the capsize of the catamaran he was crewing on 9 May 2013 , while training for the America 's Cup in San Francisco Bay . Career Simpson started his competitive sailing career in the Laser class , before switching to the heavier Finn class . He claimed the bronze medal at the 2003 ISAF Sailing World Championships in Cadiz in the Finn class his training partner Ben Ainslie took the gold , with Great Britain topping the medal table . Simpson then moved to the two man Star class , partnering lifelong friend Percy they won a bronze medal at the 2007 ISAF Sailing World Championships in Cascais to qualify for the 2008 Summer Olympics . The pair won the gold medal in Beijing in the Star class . After winning the Olympic gold , Percy and Simpson took a break from Star sailing and were in the unk unk for the 2010 America 's Cup . In 2010 , he and Percy won the Star World Championships in Rio de Janeiro . Simpson and Percy made the podium in every meeting of the ISAF Sailing World Cup in 2012 , including gold at the unk French World Cup regatta . They competed at the 2012 Olympic Games , again in the Star class , failing to defend their title despite being in the lead throughout the competition , but winning the silver medal . After the Star class was removed from the Olympic sailing disciplines , Simpson turned his attention to the America 's Cup , moving to San Francisco to train in March 2013 . He was known for his athleticism , and for his attention to detail in preparing the boat to obtain the best possible performance . Death Simpson was killed on 9 May 2013 , during training for the 34th America 's Cup , when the Swedish Artemis Racing team yacht he was aboard capsized near Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay . The yacht , a 72 foot catamaran with a rigid , wing like sail , was turning downwind and bearing away when it flipped over and broke into pieces . Simpson was trapped underneath its hulls for approximately ten minutes , and attempts to revive him by doctors afloat and subsequently ashore were unsuccessful . The cause of the accident is unknown . An investigation was initiated by the United States Coast Guard which involved San Francisco police and the America 's Cup management . In the aftermath of the accident , safety concerns were raised over the new unk class of yachts which had been chosen to compete in the 2013 America 's Cup . This was the second accident involving the class in October 2012 an Oracle Team USA unk also capsized in San Francisco Bay during training , causing substantial damage but no serious injuries . Christopher Clarey , writing in The New York Times , described the class as high speed and high risk . Stephen Park , who heads the British Olympic sailing team , commented they 're very high powered and the loads on them are huge ... these boats are untrodden waters for sailing . A lot of the loads and a lot of the equipment is new and there are a lot of unknowns and things being tested . Sailing journalist Stuart Alexander , writing in The Independent , stated that the unk are seen by some as death traps . Simpson is the third sailor to be killed during training for the America 's Cup . A steward was knocked overboard and drowned in 1935 , while Spanish sailor Martin unk died in 1999 , after being struck on the head by a piece of equipment that became detached . In early June 2013 , it was announced that the programme of events for the 2013 America 's Cup would be significantly reduced in response to Simpson 's death . Later that month , a review committee presented 37 proposed modifications to the event to an international jury which the committee deemed necessary to be fulfilled in order for the event to go ahead altogether . John Derbyshire , performance director of the Royal Yachting Association , described Simpson as a huge inspiration to others , both within the British Sailing Team and across the nation . Other tributes were paid by fellow sailors Ainslie and Percy , Olympian sport shooter , Peter Wilson , British Olympic Association 's director of elite performance , Clive Woodward , and British Foreign Secretary , William Hague , amongst others . His funeral was held at Sherborne Abbey in his home town of Sherborne in Dorset . Honours Simpson was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) in the 2009 New Year Honours . Personal life Born in Windlesham , Surrey in 1976 , where he lived and moved to unk . He first learned to sail aged four or five , while visiting his grandparents at Christchurch , Dorset , and later sailed in a unk dinghy with his father , Keith . His talent brought him to the notice of Jim Saltonstall , who coached him in the Royal Yachting Association youth squad . Simpson attended Pangbourne College , a mixed boarding school in Berkshire , which originated as a nautical college , coaching students in sailing , seamanship and navigation . He studied at University College London , gaining a degree in economics . In addition to sailing , he was a keen footballer . Affectionately known as Bart , after the character Bart Simpson , from the American animated series of the same surname . Simpson was described as having steely determination and focus but being diplomatic , softly spoken . He is survived by his wife Leah and their two sons , Freddie and Hamish .
|
2,920 | The Goathouse Refuge in Pittsboro , North Carolina , is a nonprofit no kill animal sanctuary for cats that is run on a volunteer basis . The refuge is cage free so the cats can freely roam around within the boundaries of the property . Founded in 2007 by Italian born artist unk Scarpa , the refuge can hold up to 300 cats on a 16 acre farm . There is an art gallery located on the first floor of the house where Scarpa sells her handmade art such as pottery , sculptures , and cookware to help support the refuge . Founding unk Scarpa says she had issues with communication as a child , stating that people were not seeing me , that they were talking , but never to me . It was not until her father brought a stray kitten home and placed it under her sheets that Scarpa felt she could communicate with someone . The kitten was a year old when he became very ill and died . After his death , Scarpa decided to take in as many cats as possible , with the hopes of eventually creating a safe haven for cats . Scarpa created the Goathouse Refuge in 2007 , naming it after an old goat who came with the dilapidated plantation house and the 16 acre property . Originally , the land was just intended for her pottery studio . After the house and studio burned down Scarpa rebuilt it with plans that included a sanctuary for cats , using personal resources and proceeds from her pottery sales to make it possible . Adoption The Refuge has found homes for at least 900 cats since they opened in 2007 . They ensure that the cats have been tested , de wormed , and have had their first shots . The adoption fee covers spaying neutering , micro chipping , and vaccinations although some cats may have sponsors who donate to cover for some or all of the adoption fee . There is also an application that must be filled out which asks very thorough in depth questions to ensure that the cat will go to a good home . The applications are reviewed first by staff to see if the applicants are a good fit for the cat . Afterwards , a home visit is required to see if the house is suitable for the cat . The Goathouse Refuge differs from many other shelters in that all cats are welcome , and none are subject to euthanasia unless past all hope of recovery . Neither disposition , age , nor illness affect whether a cat will be accepted to stay at the Refuge . Adoption is the ultimate goal , but unk cats may live out their lives on the property as well . Operations As a nonprofit shelter , the Refuge is run mainly by volunteers who clean litter boxes , change food and water , wash dishes and blankets , sanitize areas and perform other duties . There are two shifts of at least two volunteers each , early morning and late afternoon , which revolve around the feeding habits of the cats . The volunteers also need to socialize new kittens and cats with behavior issues to make them ready for adoption . New volunteers are introduced to the cats who need to receive special attention for conditions such as allergies to certain cleaning products and dietary restrictions , which are made clear by charts and signs on the cats ' cages . Because the Goathouse Refuge offers their 300 cats ( number as of January 2013 ) medical treatment on site , quality food , toys and comfort items such as lots of blankets , the cost of maintaining is higher than the average shelter . Contributors help in many ways to the shelter , including providing items the cats need , donating money , or attending fundraisers . Scarpa 's fundraisers use themes such as Burrito Bash , Venetian Carnival , Garden unk , and Mad Hatter 's Tea Party . These events are listed in such online and written publications as Raleigh 's Indy Week , Chatham County 's Chatham unk , Chapel Hill 's The Daily Tar Heel as well as on the Refuge 's website and Facebook page . The Goathouse Refuge also provides alternative solutions for those who wish to see a particular cat go to a good home , but cannot adopt the cat themselves . There is the option to sponsor a cat by donating to cover their adoption fees so that the cat may have a higher chance of being adopted . The refuge also provides virtual cats as gifts and will send the donor a photo of a cat of their choice as well as a behind the scenes story about him her . For those who wish to donate regularly there is a program called Coffee Cat , sponsoring a particular cat at the cost of approximately a cup of coffee a day . The donations from Coffee Cat are spent on food , medical needs , and litter for that particular cat . Controversy In March 2013 , the Goathouse Refuge was a cover story in the Indy Week paper . The article claims that there are too many cats falling prey to illness , and that the sanctuary is out of control One local veterinarian has treated about 35 cats from owners who had recently adopted from the Goathouse . The author , Lisa Sorg , says that according to former volunteers at the Goathouse Refuge , there are twice as many cats on the premises as recommended by a veterinarian , and that Scarpa makes volunteers sign an anti defamation agreement and instructs them to lie to state inspectors , among other allegations that Scarpa denied or justified . Just over a day after the article 's release the comments section on the Indy Week website became so heated that Denise unk , unk Editorial Web Director , posted We have closed comments on this story for the weekend . We will reopen comments Monday morning . All future comments must respond directly to the story and must be civil . Comments that do not follow these guidelines will be removed .
|
2,921 | Ryan John Crowther ( born 17 September 1988 ) is an English semi professional footballer who plays for Ashton United as a winger . He started his career with his local side Stockport County , where he stayed for 10 years before moving to Liverpool in 2007 . After spending two years at Liverpool , he left by mutual consent having made no first team appearances . Crowther went on several trials before joining Stalybridge Celtic in August 2010 . He left the club in September , having been sentenced to four months in prison , for a drunken attack on a taxi driver in Watford . After his release from prison he joined Ashton United , where he stayed until the end of the 2010 11 season , before Hyde , and later Fleetwood Town . Following his release from Fleetwood , Crowther joined non League side FC Halifax Town . At the end of the 2013 14 season he left Halifax Town after just 4 months at the club . Career Stockport County and Liverpool Born in Stockport , Greater Manchester , Crowther spent nine years at his local club Stockport County moving through the youth system , before making his first team debut for the club on 2 January 2006 in a 2 2 draw against Cheltenham Town , where aged just 17 , he came on as a substitute and was made captain , making him the youngest captain in the club 's history . He went on to make one other senior appearance for Stockport before the club were approached by Liverpool requesting an opportunity to take both Crowther and Greg unk on trial with a view to take them to a tournament in Milan , and agreed deals with Stockport for both players subject to satisfactory performances from the players at the tournament . The players both went to the tournament and Crowther joined Liverpool on 9 July 2007 , with unk deciding to stay at Stockport . Crowther featured for the successful Liverpool reserve team during the 2007 08 season . On 18 August 2009 , it was confirmed that he had left Liverpool by mutual consent . Just one week after leaving Liverpool he went on trial at Bournemouth . He also returned to Stockport where he played in a pre season friendly but was not offered a contract . In October 2009 he went on trial with Grimsby Town but again was not offered a contract . Drop into non League After several trials , he joined Stalybridge Celtic in August 2010 , making his debut for the club on 28 of that month in a Conference North match against Nuneaton Town . After just one more appearance , as a substitute , in a 1 0 defeat to Harrogate Town , he left the club to serve four months in prison after being convicted of assault . On his release from prison , he joined Northern Premier League outfit Ashton United . He scored his first goal for the club , in a Manchester Premier Cup game against Irlam Town , which Crowther 's side won 7 0 . He scored his first league goal for the club on the following weekend , as his side were beaten 6 3 by Frickley Athletic . He played 25 games in the 2010 11 season in total , scoring four goals . However , Crowther joined Ashton 's neighbours Hyde in June 2011 . He made his debut on the opening day of the 2011 12 season as his side beat Worcester City 2 1 , Crowther scored the opening goal . He scored one more goal in August as Hyde came out as 4 0 winners over Hinckley United . Crowther played a total of 17 games , in which he scored nine goals , during his short spell with Hyde . Fleetwood Town On 18 November 2011 , he left Hyde in order to join Conference National club Fleetwood Town on a free transfer . He made his Fleetwood debut a day later as a second half substitute as his side beat Crowther 's former team Stockport 2 1 . In January 2012 he returned to former club Hyde on a three month loan , with a recall possible after 28 days . He returned to Fleetwood after playing 14 games scoring two goals , and he played in Fleetwood 's game against Cambridge United , in which they lost . He re joined Hyde on loan for the second time , in August 2012 . Making his third debut for the club away at Forest Green Rovers , scoring in a 3 1 defeat . He scored the winner for Hyde in October as his side won 1 0 away at Cambridge United . He scored twice in two games in November scoring in a 3 2 win over Grimsby Town , and a 3 2 defeat at Ebbsfleet United respectively . He returned to Fleetwood in January 2013 playing 18 times scoring four times in his third spell with the club . He made a goal scoring return for Fleetwood , scoring on his first game after returning from Hyde , in a 3 0 win over Oxford United . He scored his second goal for the club again against Oxford United three games later . He finished the 2012 13 season having played 18 times scoring four goals for Hyde , and 15 games scoring two goals for Fleetwood . On 30 January 2014 , Crowther was released from Fleetwood Town . FC Halifax Town Following his release from Fleetwood , Crowther joined Conference Premier side FC Halifax Town . Crowther scored on his Halifax debut in the 3 1 away defeat to Lincoln City on 1 February 2014 . Personal life In an interview with Liverpool Football Club , he stated that if he wasn 't a footballer he would have been a physio . On 12 September 2010 , he was jailed for four months over a drunken attack on a taxi driver which had taken place on 9 August 2009 in Watford , Hertfordshire . He was tried for racially aggravated assault occasioning actual bodily harm but a jury acquitted him of that charge , but found him guilty of an alternative charge of assaulting the taxi driver . Career statistics As of 11 February 2014
|
2,922 | Wank Week was a controversial season of television programming that was due to be broadcast in the United Kingdom by Channel 4 , expected to consist of a series of three documentary programmes about masturbation . However , plans to broadcast it in March 2007 came under public attack from senior television figures , and the planned broadcasts were pulled amid claims of declining editorial standards and controversy over the channel 's public service broadcasting credentials . While Wank Week itself was cancelled , the films it was meant to showcase may yet be broadcast by the channel at a later date . Commissioning and programming The season was commissioned by James Hindle , the channel 's factual entertainment commissioning editor , and announced in July 2006 . It was to consist of three films broadcast in the 11pm slot , headlined by a documentary on mass public masturbation . This kind of programming was not unprecedented the Channel had previously screened a ' Penis Week ' , reportedly described by MacKenzie as a success in a Guardian article . He continued on the subject of Wank Week , we feel this is exactly the type of provocative and mischievous programming that Channel 4 should be covering in the 11pm slot In the United Kingdom , the 11pm slot is considered post watershed , defined by the regulator Ofcom in the Broadcasting Code as later than 9pm ( although transition to more adult material must not be unduly abrupt at the watershed or after the time when children are particularly likely to be listening according to section 1 . 6 ) . This allows the broadcasting of more sexually explicit content . The first show to be announced centred on a unk a thon held in Clerkenwell , London in August 2006 . This was a public mass masturbation event organised to raise money for the sexual health charity Marie Stopes International . A press release from Zig Zag , the independent production company behind the recording of the event , promised that the film would reveal if the only things allowed to be stiff in Britain are upper lips . The programme 's working title was Wank a thon . A week later , plans for an as yet unnamed second documentary about compulsive male unk were announced , to be produced by the independent company Spun Gold . The film was to be an hour long and focus on men trying to cut down excessive masturbatory habits of up to twenty times a day , using methods developed in the United States . In September 2006 , the final film in the series was announced . Entitled Masturbation For Girls , it was also to be produced by Spun Gold , and focus on female masturbation . It was to feature the sex educationalist Dr Betty Dodson , although the format had yet not been finalised . It was reported after the postponement of their airing that the second and third films were to be entitled I Can 't Stop unk and Masturbation for Women respectively . Controversy and cancellation Wank Week was criticised in the prestigious James MacTaggart Memorial Lecture at the 2006 Edinburgh International Television Festival on 25 August , only a month after Channel 4 's initial announcement . Charles Allen , the outgoing Chief Executive of Channel 4 's commercial rival ITV , attacked Channel 4 for deterioration of output and adopting a begging approach to finances in the run up to terrestrial digital switchover ( requesting subsidies for public service output while pursuing a path of commercialism ) . Wank Week 's mention came as part of a critique of programming that Channel 4 was counting towards its educational content . Allen joked that he was expecting Wank Week to be included , but that could be a hard one to pull off even for Channel 4 . The pun was subsequently repeated in the press . Criticisms of Wank Week were echoed later in 2006 by Sir Jeremy Isaacs , the first Chief Executive of Channel 4 , in an article for Prospect magazine . Isaacs argued that Channel 4 's increased commercialisation led to a targeting of the 16 to 34 year old audience , and the subsequent obsession with adolescent transgression and sex could be seen in programming such as Designer unk , The World 's Biggest Penis and Wank Week . Although these public attacks led to reports of concern in Channel 4 management , postponement of Wank Week did not take place until early February 2007 , only a month before its planned screening . There had been a major racism controversy during January 's Celebrity Big Brother contest , and the launch of Wank Week raised the prospect of further embarrassment at a critical time Ofcom was reviewing the channel 's finances ahead of the digital switchover , with the continued nature of Channel 4 's existence as a state owned but advertisement funded public service broadcaster at stake . Broadcast magazine reported that several senior figures at Channel 4 had felt uncomfortable about Wank Week , including deputy chairman David Puttnam and chairman Luke Johnson , although they had originally not intended to formally object . The atmosphere following the Celebrity Big Brother racism row was suggested to have influenced the decision . According to the media section of The Guardian , the films commissioned for Wank Week are likely to be broadcast at a later date , but probably not as part of a dedicated season of programming , and certainly not under the Wank Week banner . Dan Wootton , senior reporter at Broadcast , criticised the decision , calling it wimpy . Contrasting it with the way that Channel 4 executives had been prepared to defend Celebrity Big Brother , he concluded they had acted hypocritically .
|
2,923 | Deep , Deep Trouble is a rap song from the 1990 Simpsons album The Simpsons Sing the Blues , sung by the fictional character Bart Simpson ( voiced by Nancy Cartwright ) about his trouble making antics . It was written by Matt Groening and DJ Jazzy Jeff and recorded during the fall of 1990 . The song was released as the second single from the album in early 1991 and an accompanying music video ( directed by Gregg Vanzo ) was broadcast on television on March 7 , 1991 . This video has since been released on DVD as part of the 2002 boxset The Simpsons The Complete Second Season . Deep , Deep Trouble charted in several countries around the world , including the top ten in Ireland , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom . Critical reception of the song was positive and it has been praised for its humorous lyrics . Background Deep , Deep Trouble appeared on the successful 1990 album The Simpsons Sing the Blues that features songs sung by the characters from the American animated television series The Simpsons . It was recorded along with the rest of the album during the fall of 1990 , at which point the cast members of The Simpsons were also recording the second season of the series . The song was written by The Simpsons creator Matt Groening and DJ Jazzy Jeff , and produced by DJ Jazzy Jeff and John Boylan . DJ Jazzy Jeff provided the drum programming , keyboards , and scratches on Deep , Deep Trouble . The song is a rap performed by the character Bart Simpson about his trouble making antics . Groening has described it as the tragic story of Bart Simpson , a bad youth gone worse . The Simpsons cast member Nancy Cartwright , who voices Bart on the show , provided the character 's voice in Deep , Deep Trouble as well . The characters Homer Simpson and Maggie Simpson are also featured , with Homer ranting at Bart , and Maggie sucking on her pacifier to the beat of the song . Deep , Deep Trouble was released in early 1991 as the second single from The Simpsons Sing the Blues after Do the Bartman , which also features Bart rapping . That single achieved much popularity , placing first on the singles charts in Australia , Ireland , New Zealand , Norway , and the United Kingdom , and eventually becoming certified gold in the latter country with 400 , 000 units sold . In Ireland , Do the Bartman spent nine weeks at number one on the Irish Singles Chart only seven singles have ever managed a longer run at number one there . Reception The song received a positive response from critics . Sommer Swindell of the Observer Reporter commented that after listening to The Simpsons Sing the Blues once , no one will forget ' Deep , Deep Trouble ' ... It would be hard not to crack a smile while listening closely to the lyrics , as they are very creative and humorous . Thor Christensen of The Milwaukee Journal wrote that Bart gets in a few good yuks in the song , and Walt Belcher of The Tampa Tribune reported that Bart raps out an amusing story about his misadventures while mowing the lawn . The Orange County Register 's Cary Darling noted that Bart turning his life into a hip hop autobiography on ' Deep , Deep Trouble ' is an absolute joy . Cartwright 's rapping was praised by Tom Hopkins of the Dayton Daily News . The single was a commercial success , reaching number one on the singles chart in Ireland . It charted in the top ten in New Zealand and the United Kingdom , and outside the top ten in Australia , the Netherlands , Sweden , and the United States . Deep , Deep Trouble spent nine weeks on the chart in New Zealand , seven weeks on the charts in Ireland , the Netherlands , and the United Kingdom , five weeks on the Australian chart , and three weeks on the chart in Sweden . Music video The music video for the single premiered on the Fox network in the United States on March 7 , 1991 together with the Simpsons episode Bart 's Dog Gets an F of the series ' second season . When Do the Bartman was released it was also accompanied by a music video , which ended up being nominated for Best Special Effects at the 1991 MTV Video Music Awards and becoming the number one music video on the American network MTV . The video for Deep , Deep Trouble illustrates the things Bart raps about in the song , showing how he is forced by Homer to mow the lawn after throwing a buzzing alarm clock at his father in his sleep . When Homer tells Bart to hurry up , Bart accidentally runs over the sprinkler and as a result he has to stay at home when the family goes to see a boat show . After they leave , Bart decides to throw a party and invites his friends . They make a mess in the house and when Homer and Marge return home , Bart realizes he is in deep trouble . Joanne Ostrow of The Denver Post thought the video was not nearly as clever as the cartoon and that it had ' promotional gimmick ' written all over it . Then again , I never thought the video of the dance rap ' Do the Bartman ' would be a ratings hit when it aired in December . So what do I know , she added . The music video features both original animation and old animation from the series and the Simpsons shorts that aired on The Tracey Ullman Show before they were spun off into The Simpsons in 1989 . Gregg Vanzo directed the video , which , according to him , features quicker character poses than in episodes of the show to allow the animation to match the hip hop beat . The music video was later included on the 2002 DVD boxset The Simpsons The Complete Second Season , with audio commentary from its producers . Track listing Chart positions
|
2,924 | DakshinaChitra ( a picture of the south ) is a living history museum in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu , dedicated to South Indian heritage and culture . It is located 25 kilometres ( 16 mi ) to the south of Chennai . Opened to the public on 14 December 1996 , the museum was founded and is being managed by the Madras Craft Foundation ( MCF ) . The MCF was established in 1984 . Deborah Thiagarajan , an Indian art historian of American origin , governs the museum . The museum is built on 10 acres ( 4 . 0 ha ) of land taken on a 33 year lease from the Government of Tamil Nadu . Developed as a heritage village , DakshinaChitra has an array of displays depicting the life pattern of Indians in the states of South India . The exhibits portray the living beliefs of art , folk performing arts , craft and architecture of India , in particular of South Indian traditions . History DakshinaChitra , meaning a picture of the south , is a heritage village where the lifestyle of South Indians is displayed based on their states . It was founded by the Madras Craft Foundation ( MCF ) , an NGO started in 1984 , by Deborah Thiagarajan . Thiagarajan came to Madras ( now Chennai ) in 1970 , and visited several rural villages in Tamil Nadu and Kerala . She founded MCF in 1984 with the intent of preserving the regional culture and heritage . In July 1991 , the MCF received 10 acres ( 4 . 0 ha ) of land for the project from the Government of Tamil Nadu on a 33 year lease . In establishing the museum , cooperation was maintained between government organizations , industry and specialists in the sphere of conservation . Contributors to the museum 's creation included long term corporate donors and a network of organizations , such as Prakriti Foundation , Amethyst , National Folklore Support Centre , the Crafts Council of India , Ford Foundation and the Office of the Development Commissioner for Handicrafts . Design The museum s plan concept was developed by architect , Laurie Baker , without charging any fee , because of his interest in rural architectural design . Baker 's approach included the use of local materials and the adaptation of artisanal production methods suited to the environment . Benny unk was the architect at site . unk , retained the main spatial types and syntax , but altered the layout plan . The southern part of the museum was devoted to restoring and recreating native structures and putting them together in a sequence in the order of the states of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , and Tamil Nadu a separate area was initially earmarked for the tribal people of these states but this was not put into effect . Architecture The museum has 18 heritage houses representing the living styles of people from the states of South India such as Tamil Nadu , Andhra Pradesh , North Karnataka , Kerala and Telangana . These houses , which were actual houses that were allowed to be demolished by the original owners , were recreated by a team of architecture students , carpenters and workers . The original houses in their vernacular style were purchased by MCF and purchase costs varied from Rs . 50 , 000 for ordinary mud houses to Rs . 1 . 5 million for the Chettinad merchants ' mansions with crafted doors and woodwork . ) They were then dismantled systematically under the guidance of unk ( temple architects ) . The dismantled elements were transported to the museum site and recreated at the allotted space in their exact original form . Apart from recreating the homes , the roads and all other features that existed in the old village sites were recreated .. Some critics have complained that the characterization of pre industrial village life is inaccurate , focusing too much on the unk Chettiar , and that the site is stamped with American consumerism . Collections The artefacts in the museum reflect the daily life in the Southern States . As of 2014 , there were 4 , 220 artefacts on display 3 , 200 are art related , and 70 pertain to contemporary subjects . Approximately 950 objects are clothing , featuring typical South Indian attire of men and women in cotton and silk fabrics . The museum contains a collection of books and journals pertaining to arts , crafts , performance , anthropology and folklore of South India . There are also 1 , 000 , 000 pictures . The entire display is in the English language , and highlights the cultural aspects of Brahminical people and the craft traditions of heritage homes of South India . Programs The museum is a center for living traditions of art , folk performing arts , and crafts set up with the objective of preserving and promoting South India 's heritage and culture . Special programmes feature dances , crafting of necklaces , basket weaving , and puppet shows . The museum also holds workshops for training in traditional crafts such as indigo dying . Potters trained at the center are issued a certificate of their skills by the regional office of the Department of the Development Commissioner ( Handicrafts ) . Classical dances such as Bharatnatyam , unk and Kuchipudi , and music concerts are regular events held in the large amphitheater . Each year , 15 , 000 school children visit the museum . Grounds The center occupies ten acres overlooking the Bay of Bengal , at unk , 25 kilometres ( 16 mi ) south of Chennai , on the East Coast Road to unk , Tamil Nadu , India . The grounds include a research unit , crafts bazaar , playground , an area to hold religious functions , stone workshop , and souvenir kiosks . The craftsmen demonstrate or explain how they make their wares .
|
2,925 | The French ironclad Atalante was a wooden hulled armored corvette built for the French Navy in the mid 1860s . She played a minor role in the Franco Prussian War of 1870 , bombarded Vietnamese forts during the Battle of Thuan An in 1884 and participated in the Sino French War of 1884 85 . Atalante was reduced to reserve in Saigon in 1885 and sank there two years later after having been condemned . Design and description The Alma class ironclads were designed as improved versions of the armored corvette Belliqueuse suitable for foreign deployments . Unlike their predecessor the Alma class ships were true central battery ironclads as they were fitted with armored transverse bulkheads . Like most ironclads of their era they were equipped with a metal reinforced ram . Atalante measured 68 . 78 meters ( 225 ft 8 in ) between perpendiculars , with a beam of 14 . 2 meters ( 46 ft 7 in ) . She had a mean draft of 6 . 56 meters ( 21 ft 6 in ) and displaced 3 , 825 metric tons ( 3 , 765 long tons ) . Her crew numbered 316 officers and men . Propulsion The ship had a single horizontal return connecting rod steam engine driving a single propeller . Her engine was powered by four oval boilers . On sea trials the engine produced 1 , 640 indicated horsepower ( 1 , 220 kW ) and the ship reached 11 . 56 knots ( 21 . 41 km h 13 . 30 mph ) . Atalante carried 250 metric tons ( 250 long tons ) of coal which allowed the ship to steam for 1 , 460 nautical miles ( 2 , 700 km 1 , 680 mi ) at a speed of 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . She was barque rigged and had a sail area of 1 , 338 square meters ( 14 , 400 sq ft ) . Armament Atalante mounted her four 194 millimeter ( 7 . 6 in ) Modle 1864 breech loading guns in the central battery on the battery deck . The other two 194 millimeter guns were mounted in barbettes on the upper deck , sponsoned out over the sides of the ship . The four 120 millimeter ( 4 . 7 in ) guns were also mounted on the upper deck . She may have exchanged her Mle 1864 guns for Mle 1870 guns . The armor piercing shell of the 20 caliber Mle 1870 gun weighed 165 . 3 pounds ( 75 . 0 kg ) while the gun itself weighed 7 . 83 long tons ( 7 . 96 t ) . The gun fired its shell at a muzzle velocity of 1 , 739 ft s ( 530 m s ) and was credited with the ability to penetrate a nominal 12 . 5 inches ( 320 mm ) of wrought iron armour at the muzzle . The guns could fire both solid shot and explosive shells . Armor Atalante had a complete 150 millimeter ( 5 . 9 in ) wrought iron waterline belt , approximately 2 . 4 meters ( 7 . 9 ft ) high . The sides of the battery itself were armored with 120 millimeters ( 4 . 7 in ) of wrought iron and the ends of the battery were closed by bulkheads of the same thickness . The barbette armor was 100 millimeters ( 3 . 9 in ) thick , backed by 240 millimeters ( 9 . 4 in ) of wood . The unarmored portions of her sides were protected by 15 millimeter ( 0 . 6 in ) iron plates . Service Atalante was laid down at Cherbourg in June 1865 and launched on 12 April 1867 . Her sea trials began on 1 April 1869 and she joined the reserve at Brest on 11 July 1869 . Atalante was commissioned on 23 February 1870 and was initially assigned to the Evolutionary Squadron before transferring to the Northern Squadron in July 1870 at the outbreak of the Franco Prussian War . The squadron was ordered to lift its blockade of the Prussian North Sea ports on 16 September and return to Cherbourg . Atalante went back into reserve in November 1870 , but she was recommissioned the following year . She was named as the flagship of the Pacific Squadron on 1 July 1872 under command of Rear Admiral Baron Roussin . On 14 August Atalante sailed from Lorient for the Pacific and did not return until 27 February 1874 . She was placed into reserve upon her arrival , but was recommissioned on 28 December 1875 as the flagship of the China Squadron under Rear Admiral Veron . She departed Lorient on 10 January 1876 , but returned on 16 May 1878 . The ship spent the next four years in reserve before being recommissioned on 3 July 1882 for service with the Cochinchina Division ( French division navale de unk ) . Atalante was transferred to the new Tonkin Coast Division ( French division navale des unk du Tonkin ) when it was formed in 1883 . During 18 21 August 1883 she participated in the Battle of Thuan An . This was an attack by the French on the forts defending the mouth of the Perfume River , leading to the Vietnamese capital of Hu in an attempt to intimidate the Vietnamese government . Atalante was assigned to bombard the North Fort by the French commander , Vice Admiral Amde Courbet . After two days of bombardment a landing party from the ship captured the fort . Ensign ( French Enseigne de vaisseau ) Louis Marie Julien unk , who was aboard the Atalante during the battle and participated in the landing , wrote several articles graphically describing his experiences that were published in the newspaper Le Figaro under the pen name of Pierre Loti . The ship was assigned to the Far East Squadron ( French escadre de l 'Extrme Orient ) under Admiral Courbet when it was formed by the amalgamation of the Tonkin Coast and Far Eastern Divisions in June 1884 in preparation for the Sino French War of 1884 85 . In early September 1884 Atalante was in Hu , but she carried Admiral Courbet to Keelung on 23 September . The ship was paid off into reserve in Saigon in 1885 and condemned two years later . She fell into such a state of disrepair that she foundered one night and gradually sank into the mud .
|
2,926 | Neighborhood Watch is the 13th episode of the third season of the American comedy drama television series White Collar , and the 43rd episode overall . It was first broadcast on USA Network in the United States on January 31 , 2012 . The episode was directed by Andrew McCarthy and written by Jeff F. King . The episode has been noted to draw many themes from Alfred Hitchcock 's Rear Window . When Elizabeth Burke ( Tiffani Thiessen ) overhears a neighbor ( Joe Manganiello ) discussing a future crime , she , Mozzie ( Willie Garson ) , and Neal Caffrey ( Matt Bomer ) work together to prove his guilt . According to the Nielsen ratings system , an estimated 3 . 042 million household viewers watched the original broadcast of the episode , with 1 . 0 million in the 18 49 demographic . Neighborhood Watch received mostly positive reviews , with many complimenting Thiessen 's performance . Plot After Peter Burke ( Tim DeKay ) leaves a scanner at home , Elizabeth overhears plans for a robbery . Peter visits the scene of the alleged crime , but finds nothing to suggest that the robbery exists . Neal and Peter attribute Elizabeth s actions to paranoia stemming from her recent kidnapping by Matthew Keller . However , Mozzie believes that the robbery was real , and begins helping Elizabeth monitor Peter s scanner . Mozzie and Elizabeth soon hear the same voices from the original transmission , and discover that they are the voices of the Burke s new neighbors , Ben ( Manganiello ) and Rebecca Ryan ( Lola Glaudini ) . Elizabeth immediately visits their house , coercing an invitation for dinner that night . While at dinner , Elizabeth excuses herself from the table in order to search the house . She discovers nothing , but soon finds herself locked in a bedroom . Neal , speaking to her through a window , walks her through picking the lock . However , she is soon found by an annoyed Peter . Peter finally agrees to investigate the Ryans , quickly being informed by Diana Berrigan ( Marsha Thomason ) that Ben has an armed robbery conviction . As Peter phones Elizabeth to let her know that she was correct , Ben visits the Burke home and vaguely threatens Elizabeth . Clinton Jones ( Sharif Atkins ) follows Ben and discovers the identity of Ben s partner Connor Bailey ( Will Chase ) . In order to get closer to the suspects , Neal visits Ben s parole office under the alias Nick Halden . Using information gathered by Neal , Peter quickly realizes that the target of the heist is a luxury hotel . Peter and Neal hurry to the hotel , barely missing Ben and Connor . At the Burke home , Elizabeth and Mozzie follow Rebecca as she leaves the house . Realizing that Peter will not reach them in time , Elizabeth approaches the Ryans as an FBI agent . Her attempt fails just as Peter and the FBI arrive . Production It was first reported on June 30 , 2011 that Joe Manganiello would appear in an episode of White Collar as an ex con and the Burkes ' new neighbor at some point during the second half of the season . A day after Manganiello 's casting was announced , it was reported that Will Chase would appear in an episode with Manganiello as Connor Bailey , another ex con . On July 11 , 2011 , series creator Jeff Eastin announced via Twitter that Andrew McCarthy would direct the episode . It was his first directing credit , though he had previously portrayed Vincent Adler during the second season . Neighborhood Watch was written by Jeff F. King , his first writing credit after directing Power Play in the second season . Eastin has acknowledged that the episode contains various themes from Alfred Hitchcock 's Rear Window , and that the idea had been in development for multiple seasons many reviewers mentioned the theme as well . Tiffani Thiessen announced on July 26 , 2011 that production had recently wrapped on the episode . On August 26 , 2011 , USA Network announced simultaneously with the fourth season renewal that Lola Glaudini would appear in the series she ultimately appeared in Neighborhood Watch as Rebecca Ryan . Reception Ratings The initial broadcast of Neighborhood Watch was viewed by 3 . 042 million viewers , which at the time was the second lowest of the series . It received 1 . 0 million viewers in the 18 49 demographic , down by approximately 0 . 1 million viewers from the previous week . The episode ranked eleventh overall in the 18 49 demographic for the night and finished fifth in its timeslot , after Teen Mom 2 , Tosh.0 , The Game , and Justified . Reviews Neighborhood Watch received positive reviews , with many critics praising Tiffani Thiessen 's larger role . Kenny Herzog of The A.V. Club gave the episode a mostly positive review , noting that Thiessen was great as a catalyst for the action . He also compared the episode to the previous week 's Upper West Side Story , calling it a nice reprieve after the previous 10 plus episodes ' high drama . He ultimately gave the episode a B. C. Charles of TV Fanatic heavily praised the episode , calling it a great hour and the Rear Window of the 21st century . Jessica Rae mentioned that the episode was well thought out and delightful , and praised Elizabeth 's more prominent appearance . Brittany Frederick of Starpulse.com gave the episode a more mediocre review , calling it fairly run of the mill . She stated that Manganiello has the unk down pat and complimented the additional scenes between Thiessen and Willie Garson however , she said that she hoped that the episode would mark the end of Elizabeth 's recovery after her kidnapping .
|
2,927 | Joseph Conrad tienne Dion ( August 11 , 1918 November 7 , 2014 ) was a professional ice hockey player who played two seasons in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the Detroit Red Wings . One of thirteen children , Dion got his start as a goaltender with the Junior Verdun Maple Leafs in 1937 and had his first full season as a senior with the team the following year . After several seasons in the Quebec Senior and Professional Hockey Leagues , he was recruited by the Red Wings in 1943 as a potential replacement for Johnny Mowers , who had enlisted to fight in World War II . He spent two years with the team , earning a win loss tie record of 23 11 4 and taking part in the most lopsided shutout ( 15 0 ) in NHL history as the goalie for the winning side . After being traded down to the American Hockey League ( AHL ) in 1945 , Dion continued to play professional hockey for nearly a decade , primarily with the Buffalo Bisons , and earned the Harry Hap Holmes Memorial Award in 1950 by being the goaltender with the lowest goals against average in the league . He retired from active competition in 1954 and moved to Asbestos , Quebec , where he was active in the local ice hockey and golf scenes . The arena in Asbestos , Arna Connie Dion , is named in his honor . Early life Dion was born on August 11 , 1918 in Saint Rmi de unk , Quebec and had twelve siblings six brothers and six sisters . He got his start as an ice hockey goaltender with the Junior Verdun Maple Leafs of the Quebec Junior Hockey League in 1937 and was selected as one of the goaltenders for the 1938 Memorial Cup All Star team . He also played one game with the senior Maple Leafs that season . He served briefly in the Canadian Army in Cornwall , Ontario and also worked as an asbestos miner for Johns Manville prior to quitting that job to play professional hockey . Hockey career Dion had his first full season in ice hockey as a senior as a member of the Lachine Rapides of the Quebec Provincial Hockey League in 1938 39 , and joined the league 's Sherbrooke Red Raiders the following year . With the Red Raiders he took part in two playoff games for the 1940 Allan Cup , but lost them both after allowing 16 goals . Reporting to the Army for World War II service , he suited up for the Cornwall Flyers of the Quebec Senior Hockey League ( QSHL ) for three seasons ( the team was renamed Cornwall Army in 1942 ) . He was traded to the Washington Lions of the American Hockey League in 1941 , but did not report . In 1943 Dion , after being discharged from the army , was among those selected to help replace Vezina Trophy winning goalie Johnny Mowers of the National Hockey League 's Detroit Red Wings , who had enlisted in the army to fight in World War II . He played a total of 38 NHL games with the Red Wings between 1943 and 1945 , exiting the league with a record of 23 11 4 and having allowed 119 goals . He recorded a 15 0 shutout against the New York Rangers on January 23 , 1944 , two days before being signed as a free agent with Detroit . This remains , as of 2015 , the most lopsided shutout in NHL history . He also took part in all five of Detroit 's games in the 1944 Stanley Cup playoffs , where the Red Wings were eliminated four games to one in the opening round by the eventual runner up , the Chicago Black Hawks . Dion spent much of the 1944 45 season , meanwhile , with the Red Wings ' AHL affiliate Indianapolis Capitals . In August 1945 , after the Red Wings decided to replace Mowers permanently with Harry Lumley , Dion was traded to the St. Louis Flyers of the AHL , and then to the league 's Buffalo Bisons just over two months later . He remained with the Bisons through 1951 and won the Harry Hap Holmes Memorial Award in 1950 , given annually to goaltenders with the lowest goals against average in the AHL . He was also selected to the league 's Second All Star Team three times . During his time with the Bisons , Dion appeared intermittently for other teams including the Houston Huskies ( 1947 48 ) and Louisville Blades ( 1949 50 ) of the United States Hockey League , and the New York Rovers ( 1948 49 ) of the QSHL ( during the Eastern Hockey League 's season long hiatus ) . He took the 1951 52 season off before returning with the Sherbrooke Saints of the Quebec Major Hockey League in 1952 . He finished his career with the Glace Bay Miners of the Maritime Major Hockey League in 1953 54 . During his playing career he stood 5 feet , 4 inches ( 163 centimeters ) and weighed 140 pounds ( 64 kilograms ) , making him the second shortest player in NHL history , behind Roy Worters . Later life Dion moved to Asbestos , Quebec after the conclusion of his hockey career and became involved in the local minor hockey movement , often in the capacity of a referee . He helped establish an arena in the city , the Centre unk d unk , in 1954 , which was later renamed Arna Connie Dion . Since 1991 , the Asbestos Minor Hockey Association has held an annual tournament at the arena in his honor . He also became involved in golf , designing several courses and helping lay foundations for the sport in Asbestos . He had a local tournament named after him in this sport as well , the inaugural edition of which was held in 1973 . He was married to Muriel Flanigan , who died in 2011 , and had four sons , Paul , Skip , Bob , and Mickey , and one daughter , Carol Ann . He died on November 7 , 2014 at the age of 96 at the Centre de unk et Service unk in Asbestos , following a two week period of hospitalization . Career statistics Regular season Playoffs
|
2,928 | Benjamin Church House ( also known as Benjamin Church Home for the Aged ) is a Colonial Revival house at 1014 Hope Street in Bristol , Rhode Island , U.S.A. It opened in 1909 as the Benjamin Church Home for Aged Men as stipulated by Benjamin Church 's will . Beginning in 1934 , during the Great Depression , it admitted women . The house was closed in 1968 and became a National Register of Historic Places listing in 1971 . The non profit Benjamin Church Senior Center was incorporated in June 1972 and opened on September 1 , 1972 . It continues to operate as a senior center . Benjamin Church Benjamin Church was born on February 20 , 1842 , to Elizabeth Luther and Samuel Church , a wealthy grain and flour merchant . Benjamin was raised with his 12 siblings on Mount Hope Farm and the old family farm on unk . His two brothers built houses in the unk Farms Historic District . In 1900 , Benjamin Church drafted a will to provide for the construction of a home for elderly men . It opened in 1909 as the Benjamin Church Home for Aged Men . Design The Benjamin Church House is a two story clapboarded Colonial Revival topped with a hipped roof that has four pedimented dormers . Constructed between 1908 and 1909 from designs by Clarke , Howe Homer , architects , the building cost 21 , 000 . The front of the house faces west towards Hope Street and is 18 by 30 feet ( 5 . 5 by 9 . 1 m ) and has an ell on the rear side that measures 18 by 24 feet ( 5 . 5 by 7 . 3 m ) . The front facade has a symmetrical five bay facade with the main entrance in the center , the door has sidelights and a semi elliptical fanlight . The front windows are typical 20th century windows with six over one sash and have splayed wooden lintels and those on the first floor have raised center keystones . Projecting out from the hipped roof are two dormers with shingled sides . The front facade has a one story porch that runs the length of the face with a half hipped roof . The porch is supported by six Doric columns that frame the bays and has a wooden frieze with a triglyph above each column . The porch has a simple wooden rail that runs the length of the porch and down the front and side steps , the newel posts are capped by small wooden urns . The corners of the main part of the house have wooden quoins . In the southeast corner of the building is an internal porch covered by a quarter hipped roof . The rear roof is are two pedimented dormers , one on each side of the ell 's roof and the third chimney which rises through the roof of the main building . The house has a stone foundation , which extends to a full story due the sloping land and has a doorway in the rear . The porch is supported by brick piers . The interior of the house is designed around a central hall with a narrow stairway with turned balusters and newel that goes to the third floor . On both sides of the hall are two large front reception rooms , each 14 by 19 feet ( 4 . 3 by 5 . 8 m ) and having 9 feet ( 2 . 7 m ) tall ceilings . The rear of the south front room is the former dining room that is connected by a pantry to the kitchen in the ell . Two small rooms are located beyond the northern reception room . The second floor maintains the central hall and extends into the ell , but is bisected by a lateral hallway . Each quadrant housed two rooms for the residents with additional rooms in the ell and the third floor has four additional bedrooms with the dormer windows . The third floor of the ell was used as attic storage space . At the time of nomination to the National Register of Historic Places , the alterations that had been made to the house were described as minor and inconspicuous , consisting mainly of alterations to windows and dormers to provide egress to necessary fire escapes . The porch is believed to be a part of the original design , but it was noted that if it was a later addition it would likely have been done before 1920 . In 1969 , the clapboarded outbuilding to the southeast was torn down to construct newer housing for the elderly . Service The Benjamin Church House was ready to open on March 15 , 1909 and served as elderly housing for only aged men . In 1934 , during the Great Depression , the board of trustees decided to admit women to the house . Samuel P. Colt would bequeath 25 , 000 to the home upon his death in 1921 . The house was closed from 1968 until 1973 and vandalized during the period , but was also submitted and approved to the National Register of Historic Places . Sometime in 1972 , the National Park Service approved a grant of 5 , 000 to refurbish the house . In June 1972 , t he Benjamin Church Senior Center was incorporated as a non profit organization that was housed in t he Benjamin Church Home and opened for occupancy on September 1 , 1972 . According to the Benjamin Church Senior Center , the house is used as a senior center and is run by volunteers and board members . Importance The Benjamin Church House is historically significant as a very pure example of the Colonial Revival style by noted local architects Clarke , Howe Homer . The house also serves as an important asset to the Bristol environment as an elderly home , noted during its vacancy at the time of its nomination . The nomination states i t is because of the environmental and architectural importance of this house and its significance in the greater context of the Bristol Warren historic districts that it is thought to be worthy of National Register status and protection . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 22 , 1971 .
|
2,929 | The Aftermath is the second episode of the first season of the American situation comedy 30 Rock , which first aired on October 17 , 2006 on CTV in Canada . It aired on October 18 , 2006 on the NBC network in the United States , its country of origin , and October 18 , 2007 in the United Kingdom . The episode was written by Tina Fey and was directed by Adam Bernstein . Guest stars in this episode include Katrina Bowden , Tom Broecker , Teddy Coluca , Rachel Dratch , Adrienne Frost , Maulik Pancholy , Keith Powell , Lonny Ross , Kevin Scanlon and unk Wadia . The episode focuses on the reaction of the crew to the casting of Tracy Jordan ( Tracy Morgan ) , and the subsequent changes made to The Girlie Show . This becomes evident when Jack Donaghy ( Alec Baldwin ) changes the title of the show to TGS with Tracy Jordan , much to Jenna Maroney 's ( Jane Krakowski ) dismay . Liz Lemon ( Tina Fey ) struggles to keep the cast and crew happy , so together with Tracy , she throws a party on a yacht . Plot Liz becomes furious when Jack decides that Tracy should be the number one priority on The Girlie Show . Jenna fears that Tracy will begin to overshadow her , but Tracy is quite pleased with his new job on the show . Liz and Jenna become more aggravated when Jack decides to change the name of The Girlie Show to TGS with Tracy Jordan , without consulting either of them . Jack has Tracy and Jenna appear in a promotion for the show , in which Tracy angers Jenna by forgetting her name and by not letting her speak . After the promotion , Liz tries to re assure Jenna by telling her that nobody on the show likes Tracy and that the only reason that he is on the show is because of Jack . Liz finds out that Jenna 's microphone was still on , and everyone in the studio heard her say terrible things about Jack and Tracy . Liz attempts to make amends by talking to Tracy during a rehearsal , during which she makes negative remarks about Jenna and the other members of her staff . Liz is notified by Kenneth Parcell ( Jack McBrayer ) that her chat with Tracy was aired over the studio 's monitors , which meant that everyone heard and saw her making the comments . Liz 's staff show their displeasure by throwing food and other objects at her . Liz and Tracy discuss an idea to get everyone together to try and smooth things over , and Tracy decides to invite Liz and the staff to a party aboard a yacht . Tracy gets along well with everyone at the party , including Jenna , and things appear to be going very well . Liz soon discovers that the yacht does not belong to Tracy , and the yacht 's real owner shows up with the NYPD . The following day Liz learns that Jack paid the newspapers to keep Tracy out of the press but left a photo of Jenna passing out on the yacht in their pages , which Jenna sees as exciting and flattering . Production Rachel Dratch , longtime comedy partner and fellow Saturday Night Live alumna of Fey , was originally cast to portray Jenna . Dratch played the role in the show 's original pilot , but in August 2006 , Jane Krakowski was announced as Dratch 's replacement . Executive producer Lorne Michaels announced that while Dratch would not be playing a series regular , she would appear in various episodes in a different role . In the previous episode , Dratch played Greta Johansen , the The Girlie Show 's cat wrangler , while in this episode , she played Maria the maid , who was found by Liz in a closet on the yacht . Reception According to the Nielsen ratings system , The Aftermath was viewed by 5 . 71 million viewers upon its original broadcast in the United States . It also achieved a 2 . 3 7 in the key 18 49 demographic , meaning that it was watched by 2 . 4 of all 18 to 49 year olds in the U.S. , and 5 of all 18 to 49 year olds watching television at the time of the broadcast . This was 2 . 42 million viewers less than the pilot . In the United Kingdom , the episode attracted 500 , 000 viewers and a 4 share of the viewing audience at the time of the broadcast , which was deemed disappointing by Media Guardian . This was 200 , 000 viewers down from the pilot , which attracted 700 , 000 viewers and a 6 share of the viewing audience at the time of the broadcast . Robert Canning of IGN felt that the episode was more cohesive than the pilot , but still suffered from two generic main characters and predictable storytelling . He praised characters Liz and Jack , saying they continued to provide laughs , but said Jenna and Tracy only continued to frustrate . Canning called Baldwin the best part of 30 Rock , and found that the series had laid essential groundwork for a successful situation comedy . Robert Abele of LA Weekly felt that the characters of Morgan and Krakowski were undeveloped , describing them as self obsessed , newly thrown together co leads . Tim Goodman of the San Francisco Chronicle felt that The Aftermath was only minorly more funny than the pilot . He praised Baldwin and Morgan , but said that the rest of the episode was weak . Goodman felt that Fey could fix 30 Rock by showing more of Baldwin , and less of Krakowski . Phil Horst of The Pitt News praised the individual scenes between Fey and either Baldwin or Morgan , but criticized Fey for not writing an effective scene in which she did not appear . Horst saw Jenna 's screentime as a waste of time , and thought that Krakowski did not have the comedic skills to keep up with the rest of the cast . He went on to say that Dratch would have taken the character in a completely different direction , giving 30 Rock the variety it lacked .
|
2,930 | The Brooklyn Free School is a private , ungraded , democratic free school in Fort Greene , Brooklyn , founded in 2004 . Students range in age from 4 to 18 years old . The school follows the unk philosophy of the 1960s 70s free school movement schools , which encourages self directed learning and protects child freedom of activity . There are no grades , no tests , and classes are non compulsory . As of 2015 , the school enrolls 80 students and has about 24 graduates . The school was the first free school in New York City since 1975 . It started in a rented portion of a Park Slope Methodist church , but moved to a brownstone in Fort Greene . Students participate in the design of classes and in the school 's governance , which is done at a weekly Democratic Meeting . Staff and students all have equal votes . The school is funded through sliding scale tuition , grants , and donations . In 2012 , Lucas Kavner of The Huffington Post called the Brooklyn Free School arguably New York 's most radical center of learning . History The Brooklyn Free School was founded in 2004 in Park Slope , Brooklyn , and began its first academic session later that year . Its director , Alan Berger , had been an assistant principal at a Manhattan high school before he left to found the alternative school . He had read about a free school in Woodstock , New York , and was grabbed ... to the core . Berger published his idea for the school in the October 2003 issue of the park Slope Food Co op newsletter . About 170 people showed interest , and a group held biweekly planning sessions until the school opened in the 16th Street Brooklyn First Free Methodist Church 's bottom two floors in 2004 . The original class was thirty students with three teachers . It was the first free school in New York City since the Park Slope Fifteenth Street School closed in 1975 . By November 2012 , the school had moved to a four floor brownstone in Fort Greene . The school had 42 pupils by November 2006 , 60 by 2012 , and 80 by 2015 . As of 2015 , Lily Mercogliano is the school 's director . Program The school operates under a unk philosophy where students are encouraged to develop their own interests and where all learning is self directed . As such , Brooklyn Free School has no grades , no tests , and no compulsory classes or homework . Students are free to pursue the activities of their interest , such as reading alone or taking a class . Students are free to leave classes as they please . Classes have included philosophy seminars , cheese tasting , book discussions , business , astrology , psychology , videography , and Tibet . Some classes are taught by volunteers . By law , students are required to attend for 5 . 5 hours a day . Principal Alan Berger contends that the school provides an education better adapted for the Internet era , as one more original , enterprising , and adaptive in the face of a changing economy . The Brooklyn Free School holds a weekly , mandatory Democratic Meeting on Wednesday mornings . The meeting runs the school , and students and teachers alike have equal votes . Students are not required to pay attention . Meeting topics range from disciplinary grievances to admissions to computer use . A meeting chair is chosen at the beginning of the meeting and the floor is opened for propositions . Anyone wishing to discuss a school issue can call schoolwide meetings . As of 2015 , the school enrolls about 80 students , about half of whom are African American or Latino . The school is divided into upper and lower schools , the former ages 11 to 18 and the latter ages 4 to 11 , though they are not physically separated by age . Children apply for admission and visit for a five day orientation . Students are admitted by unanimous vote of a teacher parent student admissions committee . The group first determines whether applicants ' parents support their decision to attend and whether the school can provide for the students ' needs . The school keeps a waiting list . The school is funded through tuition , grants , and donations . The majority of students come from middle class families from Brooklyn . The private school has sliding scale tuition , and less than half pay full tuition . Founding director Alan Berger said that 20 percent paid full tuition in 2012 . In 2015 , about a third paid less than 500 in tuition , and another third paid half tuition . The sliding scale 's full tuition is set at 22 , 000 . The school graduated 21 students as of 2012 , and 24 as of 2015 . Students compile their own transcript and nominate themselves for graduation . Some take standardized state and college entrance tests . The majority of Brooklyn Free School graduates continue to college . Reception Lucas Kavner of The Huffington Post wrote in 2012 that the school serves as a model for independent , democratic schools at the forefront of renewed interest in the 1960s 70s free school movement . He added that critics contend that the school 's environment does not prepare students for real life , and that students from families that cannot hire tutors will suffer disproportionately . The school inspired the Manhattan Free School ( founded in 2008 ) , and , in turn , was inspired by the Albany Free School ( founded in 1969 ) . Kavner called the Brooklyn Free School arguably New York 's most radical center of learning . An article in The New York Times in 2006 wrote that parents hired outside tutors in concern for the school 's academic preparation . A third of the original students left within the 2004 academic year , as did the original teachers .
|
2,931 | Felt Mountain is the debut studio album by English electronic music duo Goldfrapp , released on 11 September 2000 by Mute Records . The album takes influence from a variety of music styles such as 1960s pop , cabaret , folk and electronica . Felt Mountain peaked at number 57 in Goldfrapp 's native United Kingdom , and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) in October 2001 . It was generally well received by music critics , and it was described as simultaneously smarmy and seductive , yet elegant and graceful . In 2001 , the album was shortlisted for the Mercury Prize , an annual music prize awarded for the best British or Irish album from the previous year . Recording and production Goldfrapp signed a recording contract with London based record label Mute Records in August 1999 . The pair began recording their debut album over a six month period , beginning in September 1999 , in a rented bungalow in the Wiltshire countryside . The recording process was difficult for Alison Goldfrapp , who was often alone and disturbed by the mice and insects in the bungalow . Gregory described their recording sessions as intense because he was unaccustomed to composing with others . Goldfrapp contributed the album 's lyrics , and Gregory and Goldfrapp composed the music together . The lyrics are abstract obsessional tales inspired by films , Goldfrapp 's childhood , and the loneliness she felt while recording the album . Musically , the album takes influence from a variety of styles including 1960s pop , cabaret , folk , and electronica . Songs Lovely Head , Felt Mountain 's opening track , features high lonesome whistling and heavily processed vocals . The song was described as influenced by Shirley Bassey and released as the album 's lead single . The second track , Paper Bag , is about being obsessed with someone and not being able to have them . It is followed by the third single Human , a track with a mambo style beat . The fourth song , Pilots , which describes travelers floating in the atmosphere above the earth , was inspired by John Barry 's James Bond theme songs . In the United Kingdom , a remixed version of the song was released as a single , reaching number 68 on the UK Singles Chart . The ballad Deer Stop features childlike vocals and sexually suggestive lyrics . The title track was influenced by Goldfrapp 's idea of a wolf being whipped in this little Tudor house overlooking a snowy landscape . Oompa Radar , the seventh track , was inspired by Roman Polanski 's 1966 film Cul de Sac . The cabaret influenced song uses a flugelhorn and a cuckoo clock to switch between tempos . Utopia was released as the album 's second single . The album closes with Horse Tears , a minimalist piano ballad with filtered vocals . Critical reception AllMusic reviewer Heather Phares referred to the album as a strange and beautiful mix of the romantic , eerie , and world weary and named it one of 2000 's most impressive debuts . Eric unk of Flak Magazine called Felt Mountain an enchanting , accessible debut , citing Human and Deer Stop as its best songs . In a review for Pitchfork , Matt LeMay described the album as elegant and graceful , but felt that the songs aren 't all that different from one another . Sacha unk of musicOMH compared Felt Mountain to Portishead and wrote that it could be a contender for the year 's best album . Yahoo Music 's Ken Micallef commented that the duo make elegiac music as elegant as ' Diamonds Are Forever ' and as haunting as Bobbie Gentry 's ' Ode to Billie Joe ' , concluding that the album 's dark night of the soul is mostly bleak , beautiful , and deliciously bizarre . Andrew Lynch of entertainment.ie noted that a lthough at times it feel sic a little contrived , for the most part this is stylishly decadent music that should appeal to all fans of film noir . The NME viewed the album as cold , desolate and old fashioned and argued that Felt Mountain was not a bad concept except that Portishead got there first , and managed to update the spy film vibe with a hefty dose of break driven twilight melancholia . Q magazine included the album on its list of the top 50 albums of 2000 . The following year , Felt Mountain was shortlisted for the Mercury Prize , an annual music prize awarded for the best British or Irish album from the previous year . In 2006 , the album was included in Robert Dimery 's book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die . In November 2009 , The Times ranked Felt Mountain at number 16 on its list of the 100 best pop albums of the 2000s . The album was placed at number 94 on Slant Magazine 's list of the best albums of the 2000s . Commercial performance Felt Mountain debuted at number 144 on the UK Albums Chart , selling 914 copies in its first week . In September 2001 , the album peaked at number 57 , and had sold 177 , 096 copies by August 2005 . Felt Mountain was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) on 12 October 2001 . In France , the album reached number 48 , and remained on the albums chart for 11 weeks . It reached the top 40 in Germany and the top 50 in Australia and Austria . Despite not appearing on any major charts in North America due to limited promotion , Felt Mountain had sold 52 , 000 copies in the United States as of August 2006 . Track listing All songs written and composed by Alison Goldfrapp and Will Gregory , except where noted . Personnel Credits adapted from the liner notes of Felt Mountain . Charts Certifications Release history
|
2,932 | Myrtle Claire Bachelder ( March 13 , 1908 May 22 , 1997 ) was an American chemist and Women 's Army Corps officer , who is noted for her secret work on the Manhattan Project atomic bomb program , and for the development of techniques in the chemistry of metals . Early life and career Myrtle C. Bachelder was born on March 13 , 1908 in Orange , Massachusetts . She earned a bachelor of science degree from Middlebury College in 1930 , and became a high school science teacher and athletics coach in South Hadley Falls , Massachusetts . She received her master of education degree from Boston University . World War II the atomic bomb During World War II , Bachelder enlisted in the Women 's Army Corps ( WAC ) in November 1942 , at the Springfield , Massachusetts headquarters . After spending time in training at military bases in several U.S. states , she received orders assigning her to the Company ' D ' WAC Detachment of the Manhattan District , United States Army Corps of Engineers . Her secret assignment was to lead a group of 15 to 20 women from the WAC , stationed in Des Moines , Iowa , to Fort Sill , Oklahoma , and from there to Santa Fe , New Mexico . She and the women under her command arrived at Los Alamos , New Mexico on October 21 , 1943 . Manhattan was the code name for the special military division dedicated to developing an atomic weapon . In the clandestine laboratory at the remote Los Alamos desert site , Bachelder was responsible for the analysis of the spectroscopy of uranium isotopes . Since the uranium 235 isotope is fissile , whereas the uranium 238 isotope is not , Bachelder 's role in the project was a crucial task to ensure the purity of the sub critical material , and therefore the nuclear explosion , of the world 's first atomic bombs . These methods were used during the preparation of plutonium 239 , the fissile material used in the construction of the atomic bomb for the Trinity nuclear test , on July 16 , 1945 . Analogous methods were used for the uranium weapon , code named Little Boy , which destroyed Hiroshima , Japan on August 6 , 1945 , and for the plutonium bomb which destroyed Nagasaki , Japan on August 9 , 1945 , leading to the Japanese surrender . The secret program was under the general direction of J. Robert Oppenheimer , whom Bachelder described as A pencil and paper man , immersed in physics theory , who was more than a little amazed by the Los Alamos lab machinery . Bachelder recalled Oppenheimer standing in front of her lab 's most important and expensive instrument punching buttons at random ... He asked What does this do Then he 'd punch another button ... He might have wrecked the machine if he hadn 't finally been persuaded to leave it alone . Contribution to post war developments in nuclear energy The conclusion of the Second World War was also the dawning of a new Atomic Age , in which the peacetime potential of nuclear energy began to be explored . Bachelder was among the scientists who opposed the May Johnson Bill of October 1945 , a Congressional bill proposed by the Interim Committee , which would have maintained military control over nuclear research . The bill was defeated in Congress and superseded by the McMahon Atomic Energy Act . In January 1947 , the newly formed Atomic Energy Commission approved the declassification of 270 previously secret documents . These included discoveries related to X radiation and purification of uranium ores , which had been made by Bachelder during the course of the war effort . At this time , the rarity and importance of Bachelder 's achievements as a woman in science were also acknowledged . Scientific research and later career After leaving the Army , Bachelder became a research chemist at the University of Chicago , where the first self sustaining nuclear reaction had been achieved in 1942 . Nobel Laureate James Franck had been Director of the Chemistry Division of the Metallurgical Laboratory during the earlier phases of the Manhattan Project . Bachelder joined the University 's Institute for the Study of Metals ( renamed as the James Franck Institute in 1967 ) , and she conducted further research in unk . Among other achievements , Bachelder developed methods for the purification of the rare elements tellurium and indium . Other aspects of her broad scientific expertise found application in the field of marine archaeology , when she determined the chemical composition of brass cannons found in the Aegean Sea on sunken ships . She also made contributions to astrochemistry , when NASA asked her to analyze the chemistry of Moon rocks which had been collected from the Moon 's surface during the Apollo missions from 1969 to 1972 . Bachelder retired from the Franck Institute in 1973 , and was subsequently active as an official of the American Association of Retired Persons ( AARP ) . She died in Chicago on May 22 , 1997 . Reflections Bachelder believed that her role in the development of the atomic bomb , and the subsequent use of atomic weapons against Japan , had been justified , in order to end the Second World War , and to avoid greater loss of life that would have been entailed , in a U.S. land invasion and extended conflict with Japan . Later in life , during the period of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks , Bachelder stated that , although she supported nuclear arms control Opponents of nuclear weapons should resist the urge to take the 1940s bomb building effort out of its proper historical context One cannot pull that activity out of that time , set it down in the 1980s , and pass judgement .
|
2,933 | Vrit was a pre dreadnought battleship of the Libert class built by the French Navy . She had three sister ships Libert , Justice , and Dmocratie . Vrit was laid down in April 1903 , launched in May 1907 , and completed in June 1908 , over a year after the revolutionary British battleship HMS Dreadnought made ships like Vrit obsolete . She was armed with a main battery of four 305 mm ( 12 . 0 in ) guns , compared to the ten guns of the same caliber mounted on Dreadnought . Vrit took the French President on a goodwill trip to Russia in 1908 and visited America in September 1909 . In September 1911 , she was damaged by the explosion that destroyed her sister Libert in Toulon . At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914 , she covered troop convoys from North Africa to France along with the rest of the French Mediterranean Fleet . She spent the rest of the war based at Corfu and later Mudros , without seeing any action at either location . After the end of the war , she was stricken from the naval register and broken up for scrap in 1922 . Design Vrit was laid down at the Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde shipyard in Bordeaux in April 1903 , launched on 28 May 1907 , and completed in June 1908 , over a year after the radically innovative British battleship HMS Dreadnought , which rendered the pre dreadnoughts like Vrit outdated before they were completed . The ship was 133 . 81 meters ( 439 ft 0 in ) long between perpendiculars and had a beam of 24 . 26 m ( 79 ft 7 in ) and a full load draft of 8 . 41 m ( 27 ft 7 in ) . She displaced up to 14 , 489 metric tons ( 14 , 260 long tons 15 , 971 short tons ) at full load . The ship had a crew of between 739 and 769 officers and enlisted men . Vrit was powered by three vertical triple expansion engines with twenty two Belleville boilers . They were rated at 18 , 500 indicated horsepower ( 13 , 800 kW ) and provided a top speed of 19 knots ( 35 km h 22 mph ) . Coal storage amounted to 1 , 800 t ( 1 , 800 long tons 2 , 000 short tons ) . Vrit 's main battery consisted of four Canon de 305 mm Modle 1893 96 guns mounted in two twin gun turrets , one forward and one aft . The secondary battery consisted of ten Canon de 194 mm Modle 1902 guns six were mounted in single turrets , and four in casemates in the hull . She also carried thirteen 9 pounder guns and ten 3 pounders . Additionally , the ship was armed with two 450 mm ( 17 . 7 in ) torpedo tubes submerged in the hull . The ship 's main belt was 280 mm ( 11 . 0 in ) thick and the main battery was protected by up to 350 mm ( 13 . 8 in ) of armor . The conning tower had 305 mm ( 12 . 0 in ) thick sides . Service history Vrit 's first major assignment was received in late July 1908 , a month after she joined the French fleet . She carried the President of France Armand Fallires to Reval , Russia , arriving on 27 July . There , Fallires visited with the Russian Tsar , Nicholas II , who inspected Vrit . She joined Libert and Justice for a visit to the United States for the Hudson Fulton Celebration in September 1909 . The three ships , representing France during the celebrations and commanded by Admiral Jules le Pord , were the first foreign ships to arrive . The ships departed from Brest and reached New York seven days later , having run at an average of 16 knots ( 30 km h 18 mph ) the performance of the ships ' propulsion systems was regarded as satisfactory by contemporary naval experts , including the United States Naval Institute . In early 1911 , the French Navy conducted experiments with wireless telegraphy , and used Vrit and Justice for the tests . The wireless transmitters could pick up messages as far as 72 miles ( 116 km ) away . On 25 September 1911 , Libert was destroyed by an accidental explosion in Toulon , the result of the spontaneous combustion of nitrocellulose gel in her ammunition magazines . Debris hurled by the explosion damaged several nearby battleships , including Vrit . At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914 , Vrit was assigned to the 1st Division of the 2nd Squadron in the Mediterranean , along with Rpublique and Patrie . The French fleet was initially used to cover the movement of French troops the XIX Corps from Algeria to metropolitan France . As a result , the fleet was far out of position to catch the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben , which , contrary to French expectations , steamed to Constantinople rather than attempt to interfere with the troop transports . For the majority of the war , the French used their main fleet to keep the Austro Hungarian fleet bottled up in the Adriatic Sea . In 1914 she participated in the Battle of Antivari , where the battle line caught the Austro Hungarian cruiser SMS Zenta by surprise and sank her . The French battleships then bombarded Austrian fortifications at Cattaro in an attempt to draw out the Austro Hungarian fleet , which refused to take the bait . The French operations in the area were hampered by a lack of a suitable base close to the mouth of the Adriatic the British had given the French free access to Malta , but it was hundreds of miles away . The Austrians also possessed several submarines , one of which torpedoed the dreadnought Jean Bart in December 1914 . The threat from underwater weapons greatly limited French naval activities in the Adriatic . As the war progressed , the French eventually settled on Corfu as their primary naval base in the area . Later in the war , Vrit was sent to Mudros along with her sister ships . After the end of the war , Vrit was stricken from the naval register in 1922 and subsequently broken up for scrap .
|
2,934 | Freedom is a song by English girl group Sugababes . It was written by Jason Pebworth , Jon Shave , George Astasio , Kyle Abrahams , Peter Ighile , Mariah Young Jones and Rowan Martin , and produced by The Invisible Men in collaboration with Parker James . The song premiered in May 2011 during a music festival in Morocco , and was promoted with various snippets and teasers in addition to an advertisement for the Nokia N8 . It is an electropop song with elements of dubstep . It is the final song the group released before their split in 2011 . Freedom was due for release as the lead single from their anticipated eighth studio album , although the song was cancelled as an official single and instead made a free digital download via Amazon . Despite the controversy surrounding its release , the song received positive reviews from critics , who complimented its sound and the use of dubstep . The music video , which was directed by Sean De unk and filmed in July 2011 , features the Sugababes in an underground club . The trio performed Freedom at the T4 on the Beach unk on 10 July 2011 . Background Following the release of their seventh studio album Sweet 7 , which was met with poor reviews and low sales , it was confirmed that the Sugababes had begun work on their eighth album . In February 2011 , group member Heidi Range stated that the Sugababes were aiming to finish the album in time for a summer 2011 release . She revealed that the group completed a song which they believed could be the album 's lead single . The Sugababes confirmed in May 2011 that they would premiere Freedom at the Mawazine Festival in Morocco . In July 2011 , the group 's management confirmed that the group had left their longtime record company Island Records and signed a three album deal with Sony 's RCA label . The artwork for Freedom was revealed in August 2011 it features the Sugababes on a sofa wearing deep green clothing . Composition and lyrics Freedom was written by Jason Pebworth , Jon Shave , George Astasio , Kyle Abrahams , Peter Ighile , Mariah Young Jones and Rowan Martin . Pebworth , Shave and Astasio produced the song under their stage name The Invisible Men , in collaboration with Parker James , consisting of Abrahams and Ighile . Freedom is an electropop song with elements of dubstep . It is backed by synthesizers with a moody arrangement . According to the British website Orange , Freedom is a controlled , steady anthem with a darker , deeper and more soulful sound . During the pre chorus , the group chants the lines So raise your hands One fist in the air For free ee ee ee dom dom dom over a prominent dubstep beat . Sugababes member Amelle Berrabah interpreted the track as about being free , liberated and being powerful . Release and reception A snippet of Freedom appeared online on 1 June 2011 as part of an advertising campaign for the Nokia N8 . In July 2011 , the Sugababes released a teaser of the song online , while the full version premiered online in August 2011 . Freedom was due to be officially released on 5 September 2011 , although the date was pushed back to 25 September . The song was made available to pre order on the iTunes Store , however , four days before its release date , the pre order link was removed and Freedom was cancelled as an official single . Instead , the song was released as a free digital download via Amazon . The decision was clarified in a statement posted on the Sugababes ' official Facebook page As a thank you to their fans , the Sugababes are offering their new single , ' Freedom ' as a free download via Amazon . Several media outlets reported that the single 's release was cancelled due to major radio stations ' reluctance to play the song , as well as the presumption that it would unk in the charts . Despite the controversy surrounding its release , Freedom received positive reviews from critics . Robert Copsey of Digital Spy gave it a four out of five star rating , and wrote Truth be told , by the time the head spinning dubstep moment kicks in , we 're too busy throwing our finest shapes to care who 's in the band anyway . A journalist from Orange regarded Freedom as an unusual club track , and praised it as a fine addition to the Sugababes ' collection of songs . Promotion The music video for Freedom was directed by Sean De Sparengo , and filmed in London in July 2011 . It took one day to film , and is primarily set in an underground club with red lighting , reminiscent of that featured in the group 's 2002 single Freak like Me . De Sparengo commented on the concept and visual attributes of the video , saying One of the interesting things for the concept for this video is that we knew we had to make everything look incredibly beautiful . It was about making a video where the Sugababes felt like they were at the top of their game . The video made its premiere in August 2011 . A behind the scenes clip was uploaded to the Sugababes official VEVO channel on YouTube . Daily Mirror praised the band 's appearance in the video . The Sugababes performed Freedom on 10 July 2011 at the T4 on the Beach unk . It was the first performance of the song on television , in which group member Jade Ewen told 4Music that they were really excited about it . The group performed an acoustic version of the song in September 2011 on the TV series Super Saturday . In September 2011 , the trio performed Freedom on Sam and Mark 's television series Big Friday Wind Up , and at London 's nightclub G A Y , where they wore coordinating rubber outfits .
|
2,935 | Doris Mackinnon ( 30 September 1883 10 September 1956 ) was a British zoologist . Born in Scotland , her father was a Consular Agent and her mother managed a women 's home . Influenced by Maria Gordon , Mackinnon studied botany and geology at Aberdeen University , graduating in 1906 . She received the Carnegie scholarship , studying abroad for two years before returning to Scotland . She achieved her doctorate from Aberdeen University in 1914 , becoming a lecturer at Dundee University in 1916 . During World War I , Mackinnon worked in military hospitals in Britain , researching and helping to diagnose amoebic dysentery . Her work in the military hospitals fuelled her interest in the topic , which she focussed on during the following years . In 1919 , Mackinnon joined King 's College , London as a lecturer and became Chair of Zoology in 1927 , the first female Chair at the college . She remained in the role as Chair and professor for 22 years . Her research work focussed on parasitic protozoa , and she gave many lectures on the subject over the period of 30 years . She also gave broadcast lectures for schools . Biography Doris Livingston Mackinnon was born on 30 September 1883 in Aberdeen . Her father , Lachlan Mackinnon , worked as an advocate and Consular Agent for France and Belgium . In his spare time , he was an amateur scientist , interested in botany , ornithology and astronomy . Her mother , Theodora Thompson Mackinnon , granddaughter of George Thompson , founded and managed a women 's home for unemployed women . Mackinnon had three siblings . One sister became a silhouette artist whilst the other , Lillias Mackinnon , became a concert pianist . A brother became an author . Encouraged by Maria Gordon , Mackinnon studied botany and geology at Aberdeen University , receiving her B.Sc. in 1906 with a distinction . She was awarded the Carnegie scholarship , affording her the chance to study for a year under Richard Hertwig in Munich . Afterward , she joined Milano unk to research at Station unk de Roscoff and then relocated to the Quick Laboratory under George Nuttall . Mackinnon returned to Aberdeen in 1908 , where she became an assistant to John Arthur Thomson at Aberdeen University . In 1909 , she became an assistant to D 'Arcy Thompson at University College , Dundee . Whilst there , she worked on her thesis Studies on protozoa , which she submitted to Aberdeen University in 1914 , receiving her doctorate . Within two years , in 1916 , Mackinnon was promoted to lecturer in Dundee . Whilst at Dundee , Mackinnon was given a leave of absence to help with the war effort during World War I. She worked in military hospitals in Liverpool and Southampton , where she used her knowledge of protozoology to help diagnose amoebic dysentery and other infections for the War Office . In 1918 , she was recalled to University College , Dundee , as D 'Arcy Thompson had taken a new role at St Andrews University , Mackinnon became the acting head of zoological department . Mackinnon joined King 's College , London , first as a lecturer in 1919 under Arthur Dendy she was promoted to reader two years later . When Julian Huxley resigned as Chair of Zoology in 1927 , Mackinnon stepped up to the role which held also the title of Professor , where she would remain until her retirement in 1949 . In doing so , Mackinnon became the first female chair at King 's College . Her department produced notable academics such as Francis Brambell . After retiring , Mackinnon worked on an undergraduate textbook , An introduction to the study of protozoa . She fell ill before it was published , eventually dying from a stroke on 10 September 1956 , so the book was completed and edited by R. S. J. Hawes . Work Between May 1917 and May 1918 , Mackinnon worked at the University War Hospital in unk with William Fletcher from the Royal Army Medical Corps , focussing on the diagnosis and treatment of dysentery . The pair focussed on two forms of Shigella unk which had been identified by Simon Flexner and Kiyoshi Shiga . They discovered that the Flexner bacillus could go into intermission and be undetectable for periods of four to five weeks , making it very difficult to say when someone was no longer a carrier . They also found that men who were carriers of Shiga 's bacillus would be prone to depression and would be no longer fit to be soldiers . Mackinnon published over 40 academic papers , primarily on parasitic species of protozoa ( especially flagellates and unk ) . She had a reputation for her skill as a lecturer , which stemmed from her time at University College , Dundee . Mackinnon gave broadcast talks for schools and numerous lectures , with a reputation that she never repeated a lecture in 30 years of teaching . These included lectures on the diseases spread by flies , and how good hygiene and the prevention of flies breeding could stop typhoid . She also set up a research centre in protozoology , the only non medical unk research centre in Britain . Recognition During the 1930s , two genus of protozoa , unk and unk , were named after Mackinnon in recognition of her work . In 1943 , for the 50th anniversary of their first women 's admissions , Aberdeen University awarded Mackinnon and two other women an honorary LL.D. When Mackinnon retired in 1949 , she was elected professor emeritus of Kings College . She became a fellow of the Linnean Society of London and served on their council . Select bibliography Books Mackinnon , D. L. Hawes , R. S. J. ( 1961 ) . An introduction to the study of protozoa . Oxford The Clarendon Press . Journals
|
2,936 | Kinne Cemetery , also known as the Glasgo Cemetery and Old Kinne Burying Ground , is a historic cemetery in Jarvis Road in Griswold , Connecticut . The earliest marked stone is for Daniel Kinne who died in 1713 . In the 1930s , the inscriptions of 79 stones in the Kinne Cemetery were recorded for the Hale Index . There are around 80 unk with no carving or identification , but it is unknown if this stems from wearing of the gneiss stone or that there were no skilled carvers locally available . The seven carvers that have been identified are Lebbeus Kimball , Jotham Warren , Josiah Manning , Peter Barker , Mr. Huntington of Lebanon , E. Marston of Mystic Bridge and O. Doty of Stonington . The National Historic Register of Places nomination notes , the cemetery is significant artistically because the carving on the stones gives many good examples of the funerary art that was characteristic of the 18th and 19th centuries in New England . The cemetery is notable because of the burial of Isaac C. Glasko , the namesake of the village of Glasgo , and a prominent African American land holding man who ran a blacksmith shop that was important to the marine industry of the area . The cemetery was made apart of the Connecticut Freedom Trail in 1995 and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 12 , 2001 . History Established around 1713 , the Kinne Cemetery is one of eighteen family cemeteries in Griswold . It rests upon the land of Joseph Kinne , who came to Griswold from Salem , Massachusetts in 1704 and includes the land of Thomas Kinne , also came from Salem in 1714 . The exact date of its founding is unknown , but the earliest extant stone is for Daniel Kinne , died 1713 . According to the National Register of Historic Places nomination , the cemetery was an active burial site for the Kinne family , including those of married Kinne daughters , until the interment of Clark Robbins Cook in 1912 . However , the Hale Index lists the last marked interment as that of Herbert Kinney , died August 24 , 1916 . In order to improve and enlarge the cemetery , the Kinne Historical and Genealogical Society was incorporated by special act of the Connecticut General Assembly in 1884 . In 1887 , the land adjacent to the Glasgo Pond was purchased by the society , though the boundary of 168 feet ( 51 m ) by 170 feet ( 52 m ) does not match the town 's record . The land 's grantor , Nathan B. Lewis , purchased the land thirty years prior in 1857 from a Kinne family connection , Alexander Steward . According to the Town of Griswold 's records , the property is designated as map 78 , block 136 , lot 3 . In the 1930s , the inscriptions of 79 stones in the Kinne Cemetery were recorded for the Hale Index . According to another study , 71 of the 74 interments are related by blood or marriage to the Kinne family . In the Summer of 1999 , a group of volunteers worked to restore and clean up the cemetery that led to a ceremony in October 1999 with more than 60 people in attendance . The article in The Day highlighted the difficulty in finding the cemetery which is located on the banks of the Pachaug River , in the village of Glasgo , located in the town of Griswold . Iva unk said that the town would repair the stone walls and that the Children of the American Revolution would return in the spring to continue their work on the cemetery . In 2002 , the cemetery had undergone a significant restoration which included the unearthing and accounting for all the burial markers that had been strewn about the grounds . unk noted that some of the stones showed signs of vandalism . The Day described how some of the marker stones and monuments were covered in nearly a foot of pine needles and that the roots had uprooted the anchor stones causing the headstones to fall and break . By 2007 , concerns about public use of the land for recreation and reflection had provoked concern from Kinne descendents , but there is little that descendents could do . The grounds were once under the control of the Kinne Family Historical Society , but it was disbanded generations ago and the town owns the cemetery by default . The cemetery had been disturbed by the gravestones being stacked to help climbers reach their optimum height before swinging from a rope on a tree into the pond . Pieces of the wall and a gravestone had been thrown towards the pond and came to rest on a ledge . Courtland Kinne , a descendent of Thomas Kinne , wants a jersey barrier erected to stop vehicles from parking next to the gravestones , the wrought iron fence around the burial ground and the trees within the grounds to be removed because their roots could disturb the plots . Importance The Kinne Cemetery shows the evolution of funerary art over the course of the centuries . The earliest marked stone is for Daniel Kinne who died in 1713 . Daniel Kinne 's stone has a simple rounded top with only his name carved into it . Interments This is an alphabetical list of interments recorded from the Hale Index survey with all data stemming from a copy of the Charles R. Hale Collection of Cemetery Inscriptions . Additional field stones are noted , but were not listed in the Hale Collection . According to the National Historic Register , names are missing from this list , including Isaac C. Glasko ( 1776 1861 ) who was of mixed Indian and Negro blood . The listing here is not complete because the records of many field stones were incomplete and did not contain identification , including the earliest stone for Daniel Kinne who died in 1713 . Kinne 's stone only had the name carved . Gallery
|
2,937 | Tatsu is a steel flying roller coaster designed by Bolliger Mabillard at the Six Flags Magic Mountain amusement park located in Valencia , California . Announced on November 17 , 2005 , the roller coaster opened to the public on May 13 , 2006 as the park 's seventeenth roller coaster . Tatsu reaches a height of 170 feet ( 52 m ) and speeds up to 62 miles per hour ( 100 km h ) . The ride 's name comes from Japanese mythology and means Flying Beast in Japanese . The roller coaster is also the world 's tallest and fastest flying coaster is the only flying roller coaster to feature a zero gravity roll and has the world 's highest pretzel loop . It was the world 's longest flying coaster until The Flying Dinosaur surpassed it . In the roller coaster 's opening year , it was named the 40th best roller coaster in the world in Amusement Today 's Golden Ticket Awards in Mitch Hawker 's Best Steel Roller Coaster Poll , the roller coaster placed at the 34 position . History Rumors of a new roller coaster being built at Six Flags Magic Mountain first emerged in the summer of 2004 . Land clearing began in mid 2005 around the Samurai Summit area of the park with track for the new roller coaster soon later beginning arriving from Ohio . Construction permits filed by Six Flags Magic Mountain and a trademark for the name Tatsu ( filed on August 23 , 2005 ) were later found by the public . Tatsu was officially announced to the public on November 17 , 2005 . Both Revolution and Roaring Rapids were temporarily closed in order for the roller coaster to be built . After construction and testing was complete , Tatsu opened to the public on May 13 , 2006 . Tatsu broke several records upon its opening . The roller coaster is the world 's tallest , fastest , and longest flying roller coaster . The roller coaster also holds the record for the highest pretzel loop which is 124 feet ( 38 m ) high and is currently the only Flying roller coaster to have a zero gravity roll . Ride experience After the train has been moved into the horizontal position and is dispatched from the station , depending on which station the train is in ( Tatsu has two stations ) , the train will either make a left or right s bend towards the 170 foot ( 52 m ) lift hill . Once at the top , the train makes a sharp 111 foot ( 34 m ) downward right turn reaching a maximum speed of 62 miles per hour ( 100 km h ) . After the train makes it to the bottom of the drop , the train makes an upward right turn leading into the first inversion , a 103 foot ( 31 m ) tall corkscrew . Next , the train makes a downward left turn immediately followed by an upward left turn into a 96 foot ( 29 m ) zero gravity roll . After the train exits the roll , it drops back down before going through a 84 foot ( 26 m ) horseshoe . Following a left turn , the train then enters the record breaking 124 foot ( 38 m ) pretzel loop . Upon exiting the pretzel loop , the train makes a slight left turn before going through an inline twist . The train then makes a 135 degree downward right turn before rising back up slightly and going through the mid course brake run . After exiting the brake run , the train makes a slight downward and upward left turn leading into the final brake run . The train then enters one of the two stations where the trains are put back into the vertical position for the riders to load and unload . One cycle of the ride lasts about two minutes . Characteristics Trains Tatsu operates with three steel and fiberglass trains . Each train has eight cars that can seat four riders in a single row for a total of 32 riders per train . Each seat has its own over the shoulder restraint and a pair of ankle restraints to hold the riders ' feet in place . The trains are painted green , yellow , orange , and red . In the station , the trains are oriented in a vertical position in order to allow riders to board . Once the restraints are locked , the train seats are rotated forward 90 degrees into a horizontal position and the train is then dispatched from the station . When the train returns to the station , the seats rotate back down and the riders disembark for the next guests . Track The steel track of Tatsu is approximately 3 , 602 feet ( 1 , 098 m ) long and the height of the lift is approximately 170 feet ( 52 m ) . To slow the train down , air brakes are attached to the track throughout the two brake runs . The track was fabricated by Clermont Steel Fabricators in Batavia , Ohio , which manufactures Bolliger Mabillard 's roller coasters . The track is colored red and yellow while the supports are orange . Reception Joel Bullock from The Coaster Critic gave Tatsu a nine out of ten for its close to the ground approaches and intense pretzel loop at the bottom of the element . Justice from Park Thoughts also gave the roller coaster a nine out of ten saying that , The lift hill is one of the most suspenseful I have ever experienced . Justice also praises the ride 's intense g forces experienced throughout the layout of Tatsu . In 2006 , Discovery Channel 's Mega Builders aired an episode which followed the construction of Tatsu . The episode showed how the coaster was assembled and the problems construction crews had to overcome . In Tatsu 's opening year , it was named the 40th best steel roller coaster in the world in Amusement Today 's Golden Ticket Awards tied with Talon at Dorney Park . It peaked at 28th place in 2012 . In Mitch Hawker 's Best Steel Roller Coaster Poll , the roller coaster placed 34th in its opening year and peaked at 30th place in 2008 .
|
2,938 | Man Enters the Cosmos is a cast bronze sculpture by Henry Moore located on the Lake Michigan lakefront outside the Adler Planetarium in the Museum Campus area of downtown Chicago in Cook County , Illinois , United States . The planetarium , which is both a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places , is located in the Near South Side community area of Chicago . Moore 's sculpture is a functional bowstring equatorial sundial created in 1980 measuring approximately 13 feet ( 4 . 0 m ) . The sundial was formerly located slightly further south at the steps of the main entry plaza to the Planetarium , but it now sits directly on the lakefront . The work is a later copy of a composition first created in the 1960s for the offices of The Times newspaper at Printing House Square in London , and according to the Henry Moore Foundation is titled Sundial 1965 66 . Details The sundial has two plaques on its base . The one on the left is a commemorative one discussing the benefactor and purpose of the sculpture . The benefactor of the sculpture was the B.F. Ferguson Monument fund , which has commissioned several works of art throughout Chicago . Many of the Ferguson fund 's commissioned works , such as the Fountain of the Great Lakes , are housed in and on the grounds of the Art Institute of Chicago or elsewhere in Grant Park . The purpose of the commission was to recognize the space exploration program . The plaque on the right is an equation of time table to correct for the time differences caused by the axial tilt of the Earth as well as its orbital eccentricity . As the plaque indicates with an additional correction , the equation of time table does not correct for daylight saving time . Like most of Moore 's work completed after 1954 , this was a modeled sculpture instead of a direct carving . The sculpture is composed of two bronze semicircles , one set inside and at right angles to the other and a slim bronze rod that extends from one end of the outer semicircle to the other that serves as the gnomon ( indicator ) . The bowstring equatorial sundial derives its name from the appearance of the shadow casting gnomon , which resembles a bow string . The shadow of the rod projects onto the inner semicircle , which serves as the dial face ( or dial plate ) , to mark the time of day when there is sufficient sunlight to produce shadows . Over the course of the year different sections of the rod serve as the style , which is the part of the gnomon that indicates the time by casting its shadow on the dial face . At the summer solstice , when the Sun is highest ( farthest above the equatorial plane ) , the style is closest to the top of the rod , and at the winter solstice , when the Sun is lowest , it is closest to the bottom . At the equinoxes , when the Sun is on the equatorial plane , the style is exactly in the center of the length of the rod . The style of the equatorial sundial is parallel to the Earth 's axis of rotation . This type of sundial is known as an equatorial sundial because the plane of the dial face is parallel to the Earth 's equatorial plane . Two primary examples of modified equatorial sundials are bowstring equatorial and armillary dials . Both of these modified equatorial sundials can be read year round on the same surface , regardless of whether the Sun is above or below the equatorial plane whereas a standard equatorial sundial changes sides with each equinox and is virtually unreadable near the equinoxes when the Sun is located on the equatorial plane . Between 1997 and 1999 , The Adler Planetarium added a sky pavilion to the original 1930 architecture . When it did so , the roads were moved and the sundial was moved to its current location . The move was performed by contractors of the Adler Planetarium in two phases . First , the sculpture was removed and placed in storage to make way for the current roadway . It was later moved to its current position after the new roadway was built and the old roadway was replaced with a walkway . Now , a u turn in Solidarity Drive runs through the original location of the sundial , and the sundial is located on the walkway that replaced the previous roadway that went around the planetarium . The new location and the u turn can be seen on a Museum Campus map . This construction was contemporaneous with the 100 million project that reconfigured of traffic around the Museum Campus and caused Lake Shore Drive to be moved during the mid 1990s . Moore in Chicago When Moore was alive , he took pride in viewing his sculptures in the open air environment . He once said he would prefer to see his sculptures in any open landscape than in even the most beautiful buildings he knew . Including this sculpture , Moore has a total of four public sculptures that are listed in the Smithsonian Institution 's Research Information System ( unk ) on display outdoors , in Chicago . All of them are bronze . His Nuclear Energy is situated on the campus of the University of Chicago at the site of the first self sustaining nuclear reaction , which is listed in the National Register of Historic Places . The site is also listed as a National Historic Landmark , and Chicago Landmark . Other Chicago works include Large Interior Form , which is located in the north garden at the Art Institute of Chicago , and Reclining Figure , which is on loan to the University of Chicago and which is located in the Cochrane Woods Art Center courtyard . The Henry Moore Foundation lists several other indoor Chicago works at locations such as the Art Institute of Chicago and The Smart Museum .
|
2,939 | Hurricane Humberto was a moderately powerful hurricane that briefly affected Bermuda in September 2001 . It was the eighth named storm of the season , as well as the fourth hurricane . It formed on September 21 between Puerto Rico and Bermuda , partially related to previous Hurricane Gabrielle . Humberto passed about 140 miles ( 225 km ) west of Bermuda , which spared the island with its strongest winds . After weakening and believed to be on the verge of dissipating , Humberto unexpectedly restrengthened to the southeast of Atlantic Canada . The intensification was short lived and the storm dissipated on September 27 . There were a series of significant observational flights into the hurricane that produced a wealth of data on the structure of hurricanes . Meteorological history Hurricane Humberto originated from a trough that extended southwestward from Hurricane Gabrielle , which had previously moved across Florida into the western Atlantic Ocean . The trough interacted with an upper level low , resulting in an increase of convection , or thunderstorms , in the region . A surface low developed on September 19 , and it gradually organized as it moved westward . After deep convection developed over the center , it is estimated the system reached tropical depression strength ( 39 miles per hour ( 63 km h ) ) on September 21 , about halfway between Puerto Rico and Bermuda . The National Hurricane Center ( NHC ) first published an advisory on the storm at 11 AM EDT , identifying it as Tropical Depression Ten . Upon its formation , the depression moved northwestward toward a break in the mid level ridge . On satellite imagery , the depression looked well organized , with banding features , outflow , and convection , although Hurricane Hunters had difficulty locating a closed center of circulation . The unfavorable conditions were from the upper level low to its southwest , which was producing wind shear over the storm nevertheless , the NHC anticipated strengthening . On September 22 , the surface circulation rapidly became better organized , and based on confirmation from the Hurricane Hunters , the NHC upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Humberto . Throughout its life , the storm was smaller than average , and as it moved around the subtropical ridge , it gradually intensified . Tropical Storm Humberto developed an eye feature on September 23 . Shortly thereafter , the storm reached hurricane status about 175 miles ( 285 km ) west southwest of Bermuda . After passing about 140 miles ( 225 km ) west of Bermuda , Hurricane Humberto turned more to the northeast , and reached Category 2 status on the Saffir Simpson scale . Subsequently , strong upper level westerlies began affecting the storm , which caused a marked decrease in intensity by September 25 , the winds decreased to 75 mph ( 120 km h ) , or minimal hurricane status . At that time , the NHC expected Humberto to continue weakening due to the shear , as well as steadily decreasing water temperatures . Unexpectedly , the weakening trend stopped , as the steering winds came from the same direction behind the hurricane . It slowed down slightly , and on September 26 the eye of the hurricane became much more distinct . Humberto quickly re intensified and reached peak winds of 105 mph ( 170 km h ) , while located about 200 miles ( 320 km ) south southeast of Sable Island , off the coast of Nova Scotia . Just as quickly it strengthened , the hurricane began weakening again . The eye became distorted as the convection became asymmetrical , due to the cooler waters and stronger westerlies . Initially , the NHC forecast Humberto to become extratropical . On September 27 , it turned more eastward and later to the east southeast , and Humberto weakening to tropical storm status about 400 miles ( 645 km ) southeast of Newfoundland . The cloud pattern became increasingly elongated and removed from the center , and late on the 27th , the circulation of Humberto degenerated into an open trough in the far northern Atlantic Ocean . The remnants were expected to be absorbed quickly by a larger extratropical storm to its north . There were three major aircraft flights into the hurricane over a three day period which , according to NASA , were the most comprehensive measurements of the structure of the hurricane ever recorded . The flights were designed to obtain data for better hurricane forecasting . Impact and naming Prior to its passage by Bermuda , the National Hurricane Center advised the residents should monitor the progress of Humberto until it is safely past . On September 23 when the hurricane passed the island , the hurricane force winds extended 30 miles ( 50 km ) from the center , while tropical storm force winds only extended 105 miles ( 170 km ) from the center . As a result , Bermuda only experienced peak sustained winds of 27 mph ( 44 km h ) , with gusts to 43 mph ( 69 km h ) . During its passage , the island also recorded 1 . 69 inches ( 4 . 3 cm ) of rainfall . Only two ships recorded tropical storm force winds , both of which were away from the center . Some higher surf was recorded along the New Jersey coastline . In September 2001 , two men sought to break the record for sailing the quickest time from New York to Melbourne , Australia Humberto disrupted their early path slightly , but they ultimately broke the record by 28 hours . Later in its path , there were several marine warnings issued for offshore Newfoundland , although no severe weather affected coastal Atlantic Canada . Overall , there were no reports of casualties or damage from the hurricane .
|
2,940 | The 1757 Battle on Snowshoes was a skirmish fought between Rogers ' Rangers and French and Indian troops during the French and Indian War on January 21 , 1757 . The battle was given this name because the British combatants were wearing snowshoes . On January 21 , 1757 , Captain Robert Rogers and a band of his rangers were on a scouting expedition near Fort Carillon on Lake Champlain when they were ambushed by a mixed troop of French regulars , Canadien militiamen , and Indians . The fighting ended when darkness set in , with significant casualties on both sides . The French in their reports claimed the British had a distinct advantage due to their snowshoes . Background The French and Indian War broke out in 1754 between British and French colonists over territorial disputes along their colonial frontiers , and escalated the following year to include regular troops . By 1756 , the French had enjoyed successes in most of their frontier battles against the British . Their only notable failure occurred when the British stopped their southward advance from Lake Champlain in the 1755 Battle of Lake George . From bases at Fort St. Frdric ( located at what is now Crown Point , New York ) and Fort Carillon ( known to the British as Fort Ticonderoga ) , the French and their Indian allies continued to scout and probe the British defenses on Lake George and the upper Hudson River . The British , who had fewer Indian allies , resorted to companies of rangers for their scouting and reconnaissance activities . The ranger companies were organized and directed by Robert Rogers , and eventually became known as Rogers ' Rangers . Prelude In the winter of 1757 , Rogers and several companies of his rangers were stationed at Fort William Henry at the southern end of Lake George and at Fort Edward on the upper Hudson . These forts were principally garrisoned by elements of the 44th and 48th Regiments , and formed the frontier between the British province of New York and the French province of Canada . Captain Rogers led a scouting expedition from Fort Edward on January 15 , stopping at Fort William Henry to acquire provisions , snowshoes , and additional soldiers . The company left Fort William Henry on January 17 with 86 men , heading down the frozen Lake George . The next day twelve men turned back because of injuries . The remaining men continued north , reaching Lake Champlain at a point between Fort Carillon and Fort St. Frdric on January 21 . They spotted a sled moving on the lake toward Fort St. Frdric , so Rogers sent Lieutenant John Stark and some men to intercept it . However , more sleds were spotted , and Stark 's men were seen before they could retreat back into the woods . The sleds turned back toward Carillon . The British gave chase , but most of the French escaped . Rogers succeeded in taking seven prisoners . Rogers learned from questioning the prisoners that a French and Indian war party had just arrived at Carillon , and that the two forts were garrisoned by a thousand regulars . Concerned that the escaped sleds would raise the alarm , Rogers immediately ordered a return to their last camp . His council disapproved of the return by the same route ( a violation of Rogers ' own ranging guidelines ) , but he overruled them , citing the need for speed and the deep snow . By early afternoon they had returned to their camp , rested , and were on their way south . M. de unk , the leader of the supply convoy Rogers had intercepted , returned to Carillon and alerted Paul Louis de Lusignan , the fort 's commander . According to Lusignan 's report , he immediately sent out a party of about 90 regulars from the Languedoc regiment under the command of Capitaine de unk , accompanied by about 90 Canadian militia and Indians . The Indians were primarily Ottawa under the command of Charles Michel de Langlade , one of the French Indian leaders at Braddock 's defeat in 1755 . Battle Rogers ' men then walked into an ambush , according to his estimate , by 250 French and Indians . The British were fortunate that many of the French muskets misfired due to wet gunpowder , as the surprise was nearly complete . Lieutenant Stark , who was bringing up the rear of the ranger column , established a defensive line on a rise with some of his men , from which they gave covering fire as those in the front retreated to that position . As they retreated Rogers ordered his captives slain so that his men might move more freely . The fight lasted several hours and ended only after sunset , when neither side could see the other . Rogers was injured twice during the battle , once to the head and once to the hand . The French reported that they were at a disadvantage , since they were without snowshoes and floundering in snow up to their knees . Once darkness set in , Rogers and his survivors retreated 6 miles ( 9 . 7 km ) to Lake George , where he sent Stark with two men to Fort William Henry for assistance . On January 23 , Rogers returned to Fort William Henry with 48 able bodied and six wounded soldiers . Aftermath Bougainville questioned some of the men captured during the battle . He learned from them the disposition of men and materials all the way from Albany to Fort William Henry . Other captured British ended up as slaves to the Indians . Thomas Brown , who published a pamphlet that vividly described his captivity , spent almost two years in slavery , traveling as far as the Mississippi River before reaching Albany in November 1758 . A similar battle was fought the following year , in which Rogers was very nearly killed and his company was decimated .
|
2,941 | Maryland Route 68 ( MD 68 ) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland . The state highway runs 18 . 50 miles ( 29 . 77 km ) from U.S. Route 40 ( US 40 ) in Clear Spring east to US 40 Alternate in Boonsboro . MD 68 crosses central Washington County to the south of Hagerstown , connecting Clear Spring and Boonsboro with Williamsport , where the highway runs concurrently with MD 63 . A small segment of MD 68 west of Boonsboro was constructed around 1920 , using as part of the route two early 19th century stone bridges . The remainder of the highway between Boonsboro and Williamsport was constructed in the second half of the 1920s . MD 68 was extended west from Williamsport to Clear Spring in the mid 1950s . The state highway was relocated south of Williamsport for the construction of Interstate 81 ( I 81 ) in the mid 1960s . Since the early 1990s , I 68 has also existed in Washington County signs on I 70 aim to avoid confusion between I 68 and MD 68 . Route description MD 68 begins at an intersection with US 40 ( Cumberland Street ) in the town of Clear Spring . The state highway heads south as Mill Street through a commercial area . MD 68 's name changes to Clear Spring Road after leaving the town limits . The state highway meets I 70 ( Eisenhower Memorial Highway ) at a diamond interchange , then heads southeast through farmland , where the highway crosses Little Conococheague Creek . MD 68 intersects the eastern end of MD 56 ( Big Pool Road ) shortly before passing through the village of unk . The state highway intersects CSX 's Lurgan Subdivision rail line and passes between industrial properties , then crosses Conococheague Creek and enters the town of Williamsport . MD 68 is municipally maintained within the town , where the highway follows Conococheague Street south through an intersection with US 11 ( Potomac Street ) . At this intersection , MD 63 joins MD 68 in a concurrency to continue through the Williamsport Historic District . The two highways leave the town limits at their diamond interchange with I 81 ( Maryland Veterans Memorial Highway ) , through which the roadway temporarily expands to a four lane divided highway . MD 68 's name changes to Lappans Road south of Williamsport . MD 63 ( Spielman Road ) splits south from MD 68 at the same intersection as Governor Lane Boulevard , which serves an industrial park . MD 68 crosses over the Winchester and Western Railroad and curves to the east , then resumes heading southeast after intersecting the eastern end of Kendle Road . The state highway heads southeast through farmland and intersects MD 632 ( Downsville Pike ) . The road intersects Norfolk Southern Railway 's Hagerstown District at grade and crosses St. James Run in the hamlet of St. James . MD 68 intersects MD 65 ( Sharpsburg Pike ) in the hamlet of Lappans , where the highway passes St. Mark 's Episcopal Church . The state highway passes through the hamlet of unk and passes Devils Backbone County Park as the highway follows Antietam Creek for a short distance . MD 68 crosses over the creek on a narrow stone bridge , then makes a sharp turn to the south to continue following the forested valley of the creek . The state highway crosses over Beaver Creek on a one lane stone bridge before leaving the creek valley . MD 68 continues southeast through farmland and the hamlet of Millpoint before reaching its eastern terminus at US 40 Alternate ( Main Street ) on the northern edge of the town of Boonsboro . History The first section of MD 68 , from Lappans to Millpoint near Boonsboro , was constructed in 1920 . This segment made use of a pair of stone arch bridges over Antietam Creek and Beaver Creek constructed in 1833 and 1824 , respectively . These bridges remain open to traffic as part of MD 68 . MD 68 was extended east from Millpoint to Boonsboro in 1925 . Construction of MD 68 from Williamsport to Lappans began in 1926 , with a section complete from Williamsport to the Cumberland Valley Railroad ( now Winchester and Western Railroad ) by 1927 . The last section of the Williamsport Lappans Road was completed in 1930 . The state highway 's western terminus was originally US 11 in Williamsport , within which MD 68 followed Artizan Street south to Sunset Avenue at the southern town limit . Artizan Street continued south as MD 63 and MD 68 followed Sunset Avenue southeast toward Lappans . Clear Spring Road remained a county highway until MD 68 was extended west to Clear Spring in 1956 . MD 68 was relocated south of Williamsport , replacing Sunset Avenue and what is now Kendle Road , in 1965 . The state highway was relocated for a grade separation of the Cumberland Valley Railroad and to tie into an interchange with I 81 and the south end of Conococheague Street . MD 63 joined MD 68 in a concurrency along Conococheague Street north to US 11 . The new alignment of MD 68 and MD 63 was built as a four lane divided highway around the interchange with I 81 , which originally only contained ramps to and from the direction of West Virginia when the interchange opened with the completion of I 81 in 1966 . That interchange was completed with ramps to and from Hagerstown between 1981 and 1989 . Since the completion of I 68 in 1991 , the Interstate and state numbered highways with the same number have co existed separated by 17 miles ( 27 km ) on I 70 . Multiple signs on westbound I 70 in advance of the Interstate 's interchange with MD 68 advise motorists that I 68 and MD 68 are not the same highway and remind them to remain on I 70 to access I 68 . Junction list The entire route is in Washington County .
|
2,942 | The 1948 Tinker Air Force Base tornadoes were two tornadoes which struck Tinker Air Force Base in Oklahoma City , Oklahoma on March 20 and 25 , 1948 . Both tornadoes are estimated to have been equivalent to F3 in intensity on the modern Fujita scale of tornado intensity , which was not devised until 1971 . The March 20 tornado was the costliest tornado in Oklahoma history at the time . On March 25 , meteorologists at the base noticed the extreme similarity between the weather conditions of that day and March 20 , and later in the day issued a tornado forecast , which was verified when a tornado struck the base that evening . This was the first official tornado forecast , as well as the first successful tornado forecast , in recorded history . March 20 tornado Weather forecasting was still crude and prone to large errors in the era before weather satellites and computer modeling . Thunderstorms were not even in the forecast for the evening of March 20 . However , around 9 30 pm storms were reported about 20 miles ( 32 km ) to the southwest , and at 9 52 a tornado was sighted near Will Rogers Airport 7 miles ( 11 km ) away , along with a 92 mile per hour ( 148 km h ) wind gust , moving northeast towards the base . At 10 00 , the tornado reached the southwest corner of the base . Illuminated by nearly constant lightning , the tornado was highly visible as it bisected the base , tossing around planes which were parked in the open . The control tower reported a 78 mile per hour ( 126 km h ) wind gust before the windows shattered , injuring several personnel with flying glass . The tornado dissipated at the northeast corner of the base . The tornado missed most structures on the base , but the damage to expensive military aircraft was substantial . The total damage cost came to around 10 million , or 98 million in 2016 United States dollars . This was the most damaging tornado in Oklahoma up to that date . Investigation and tornado forecast In the aftermath of the first tornado , an official inquiry was conducted into the failure to predict the destructive tornado . Air Force investigators came to the conclusion that due to the nature of the storm it was not unk given the present state of the art . They also made recommendations that the meteorological community determine a tornado warning system for the public , as well as a protocol for protecting life and property at military bases . Both of these investigations began almost immediately . In the days following the tornado , Tinker 's meteorologists Major Ernest J. unk and Captain Robert C. Miller investigated surface and upper air weather data from this and past tornado outbreaks , hoping to be able to identify conditions which were favorable for tornadoes . By March 24 , they had compiled several possible tornado indicators , and decided it would be difficult , but possible , to identify large tornado threat areas in the future . On the morning of March 25 , base meteorologists noticed that weather charts for the day were strikingly similar to those before the March 20 tornado . Forecasts issued by the Weather Bureau indicated that almost the same conditions would be present in the evening of March 25 as were present on March 20 . In the morning , they issued a forecast for heavy thunderstorms effective for 5 6 pm that evening . This would allow the base 's commander to alert base personnel that they may institute their brand new tornado precautions . As the day wore on , conditions appeared more and more favorable for thunderstorms , and more and more similar to the events of March 20 . Weather radar images showed a severe squall line had formed to the west , and weather stations to the west reported cumulonimbus clouds and thunderstorms . In an afternoon meeting , under some pressure from their commanding officer , base meteorologists composed and issued the first official tornado forecast . Although they were aware of the small chance of success , they felt they had no choice , since the conditions were so similar to March 20 . Equipment which could be was moved to bomb proof shelters , and base personnel were moved to safer areas . March 25th tornado Although storms were relatively benign up to the point where they reached Tinker , a supercell formed just west of the base , and at around 6 pm a tornado touched down on the base for the second time in six days . This second tornado caused 6 million in damage , or 59 million in 2016 dollars . However , due to precautions enacted because of the tornado forecast , no injuries were reported , and damage totals could have been much higher . Legacy The tornado prediction proved to be successful , even if its precision was mostly due to chance . Before this point , the Weather Bureau had a policy against issuing tornado warnings , mainly due to fear of panic by the public , and subsequent complacency if forecasts turned out to be false alarms . Due to lives and costs saved , unk and Miller continued their tornado forecasts , which verified at quite a high rate over the next three years . At first , they kept their forecasts secret . In the spring and summer of 1949 , they issued eighteen forecasts for tornadoes within a 100 square mile ( 260 km2 ) area , and all eighteen proved successful . In the subsequent years , while not explicitly using the word tornado , the Weather Bureau used the pair 's forecasts to predict severe local storms . The synoptic pattern which occurred on March 25 later became known as the Miller type B pattern and is recognized as one of the most potent severe weather setups .
|
2,943 | Beechwood is a Hudson River estate in Scarborough on Hudson , in Briarcliff Manor , New York . The estate was most notably the home of Frank A. Vanderlip and his family , and is a contributing property to the Scarborough Historic District . The house and property were owned by the Vanderlip family from 1906 to 1979 . The property is now a 37 condominium complex as the result of a development project that began in the 1980s . Contemporarily , Beechwood is known for being a filming location of the 1970 film House of Dark Shadows , and a filming location and the primary setting of Savages , a 1972 Merchant Ivory film . In June 2016 , Money Man Frank Vanderlip and the Birth of the Federal Reserve premiered there . The film documents Vanderlip 's life and was filmed at Beechwood . History The first portion of the main residence dates to 1780 , and includes the original kitchen 's fireplace . Benjamin and Ann Folger were among the earliest residents , and named their residence unk Place . In the 1830s , Folger deeded the estate to a self proclaimed prophet , Robert Matthews , who believed himself to be the resurrected Matthias of the New Testament . Matthews convinced his followers to fund an expansion to the house , which he had named Zion Hill . During this time , Isabella Baumfree ( Sojourner Truth ) was a housekeeper to him . After he spent the money his followers and Folger had given him , Matthews became violent . Further on , he was tried for murder , and acquitted for lack of evidence . Matthews was later found guilty of assaulting his grown daughter , and he served a short jail term . The property containing the mansion had been in the Remsen family for decades . Anna Remsen Webb was one of the inheritors of the estate . In the 1890s , her husband 's half brother Henry Walter Webb substantially added to the estate from numerous properties , including the Remsen estate and William Creighton 's estate ( Creighton had named his house Beechwood after he purchased it in 1836 ) . Henry Webb attached the name Beechwood to the entire estate and house . He renovated and expanded the mansion , hiring R. H. Robertson to double the size of the house . Robertson designed the expansion in the Colonial Revival style , to be compatible with the neoclassical Federal style of the original but more ornate . Frank Vanderlip purchased the 23 acre ( 9 . 3 ha ) property from Webb 's widow in 1906 , and bought more property to make the estate a total 125 acres ( 51 ha ) . He hired William Welles Bosworth soon after to further enlarge the house and to design a wing for his library and the lawns of the estate . In 1907 , while Vanderlip was vice president of the First National City Bank ( later Citibank ) , he had two columns from the headquarters 55 Wall Street shipped to Beechwood ( 55 Wall Street was being remodeled and the columns were re spaced , with two left over ) . He had the columns placed two thirds above ground in Beechwood 's entranceway off of Albany Post Road ( now U.S. Route 9 ) , an entrance which was later closed due to increasing traffic volume on Route 9 ( the current entrance is off Scarborough Station Road ) . Vanderlip also made a cage for his children 's pet rabbits using a discarded wrought iron elevator , also discarded from the bank . Among the guests the Vanderlips hosted at the house were Woodrow Wilson , Henry Ford , Sarah Bernhardt , Annie Oakley , Franklin D. Roosevelt , John D. Rockefeller , and Isadora Duncan . The Wright Brothers even landed a plane on the property . In 1910 , Vanderlip bought the nearby mansion Woodlea , although his wife Narcissa Vanderlip prevented the family from moving , due to her preference of Beechwood over the grandiose Woodlea . In 1979 , Vanderlip descendants sold the property . Three condominiums were built during a transformation of the mansion in the 1980s . A later expansion resulted in a total of 37 condominiums on the property 's 33 acres . Description Near the center of the property , at the southwest corner of Route 9 and Scarborough Station Road , sits the eponymous mansion that features two large porticoed entryways , a two story octagonal library , numerous porches , verandas , and over 100 interior rooms . Other major structures included a hunting lodge , a second mansion built for the Vanderlips ' daughter Charlotte , a home for the Vanderlips ' physician , and the Scarborough School , a progressive school which the Vanderlips established just south of the mansion in 1916 . The 80 acre ( 32 ha ) private parkland was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted for the Vanderlips and has expansive lawns , a grove of large beech trees , imported trees , and an Italianate garden with an alcove , fountain , and small pool with Wisteria covered trellises . The lawns , formal gardens , and stone gazebo , erected by the Vanderlips , have been preserved and feature in wedding ceremonies that occasionally occur on the property . The Beechwood estate also contained a carriage house , gatehouse , squash court ( no longer extant ) , and a white stucco artist 's studio named Beech Twig , which was home to author John Cheever , whose children attended the school on the property . The family rented the house until they moved to Ossining . Descriptions of the building 's interior closely match descriptions employed by Cheever in some short stories . Novelist Richard Yates also lived in the same house as a child , as well as other artists , writers , and composers . The estate 's garage is located northeast of the mansion , and is a flat roof , two story concrete building dating to the early 1900s .
|
2,944 | Little Miss Obsessive is a song recorded by American singer Ashlee Simpson for her third studio album , Bittersweet World ( 2008 ) . It features uncredited guest vocals from Tom Higginson , the lead singer of the Plain White T 's . The song was written by Simpson , Jim Beanz , Victor Valentine and Karl Berringer . Little Miss Obsessive was produced by Jack Joseph Puig and Berringer , with vocal production by Beanz . The song was released as the first official single from Bittersweet World on March 11 , 2008 , following the commercial disappointment of its predecessor , Outta My Head ( Ay Ya Ya ) . Little Miss Obsessive is a pop rock power ballad that chronicles the ostensibly aural dance of a couple who break up to make up and like it . Simpson looked to herself for inspiration when writing the song . Music critics were divided on Little Miss Obsessive some critics felt the song was impressive , while others were critical of Simpson 's vocals and the song 's lyrics . The song only managed to chart on the national charts of Canada and the United States , where it peaked at 72 and 96 , respectively . Writing and production Little Miss Obsessive was written by Ashlee Simpson , Jim Beanz , Victor Valentine and Karl Berringer . The song was produced by Jack Joseph Puig and Berringer . Simpson 's vocals , which were produced by Beanz , were recorded at Archon Studios in Los Angeles and at Chalice Studios in Hollywood by Aris unk and Tal Herzberg , respectively . Tom Higginson , the lead singer of the Plain White T 's , performed guest vocals in the song , as well as background vocals alongside Simpson and Mateo Laboriel , who also provided programming for the song . The guitar was played by Ray Brady , while Joey unk played the bass guitar and Abe Laboriel , Jr played the drums in the song . Dean Nelson engineered the song , while Puig mixed the song at Ocean Way Recording in Hollywood . Simpson looked to herself for inspiration when writing Little Miss Obsessive , which chronicles the ostensibly aural dance of a couple who break up to make up and like it . Of the song 's concept , Simpson commented It 's what we can all become in a relationship sometimes . We put our foot in our mouths and we wish we didn 't ' No , I didn 't mean to say it . I take it back . I take it back . ' According to Simpson , the song kind of relates to the last album I Am Me , but it grew with the new record . And every girl has gone through that situation . You put your foot in your mouth and you go , ' Wait , why did I do that ' We 're on our phones writing and texting too much Composition and critical response Little Miss Obsessive is a pop rock power ballad , with a duration of three minutes and forty two seconds ( 3 42 ) . The song features crashing guitars , drum thuds , confused Avril style rants and a swelling chorus . Little Miss Obsessive begins with a mid tempo piano line , before transcending into a more rollicking chorus , which sees Simpson sing Little miss obsessive , can 't get over it . Lyrically , Simpson laments about a breakup with the youthful fervor of a late night text message . Sophie Bruce of BBC Music wrote that the song is the standout success of Bittersweet World and that is deserves to take Ashlee to the forefront of female pop . Entertainment Weekly 's Leah Greenblatt called Little Miss Obsessive a well wrought breakup anthem . Jennifer Cady of E Online cited the song as sounding more like her older stuff and wrote that it will probably be more attractive to radio stations , than Outta My Head ( Ay Ya Ya ) , the first single from Bittersweet World . Nick Levine of Digital Spy called Little Miss Obsessive a decent enough tune , not a million miles away from ' Pieces of Me ' , but we can 't see it reviving the album 's fortunes . Alex Fletcher of Digital Spy wrote that despite a surging power pop chorus , Little Miss Obsessive lacks the wow factor required to get people talking about Simpson 's music again . Glenn Gamboa of Newsday called Little Miss Obsessive a passable unk pop song , but stated that it isn 't enough to keep Bittersweet World from going sour . Nick Levine of Digital Spy wrote that Simpson 's voice is insufficiently meaty to be able to sing the song . Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic called the song quite awful , writing that exploring the endless possibilities of the word ' over ' in the chorus is a bit of a slog . Release and promotion Simpson premiered Little Miss Obsessive on the KISS FM unk Morning Show in Chicago on February 21 . The song was later announced to be the first official single from Simpson 's third studio album Bittersweet World . It was speculated that the song was labelled as the album 's first official single because Outta My Head ( Ay Ya Ya ) , had performed below expectations . The song was released for digital download in the United States on March 11 , 2008 . It was sent to mainstream radio in the United States on March 18 , 2008 . Simpson performed Little Miss Obsessive for the first time on MTV 's Total Request Live on April 15 , for the episode that aired on April 17 . She also performed it on The Today Show on April 18 . Little Miss Obsessive was released in the United Kingdom on August 4 , 2008 . Charts Credits and personnel Credits adapted from the liner notes of Bittersweet World . Locations Vocals recorded at Archon Studios , Los Angeles , California and Chalice Studios , Hollywood , California Mixed at Ocean Way Recording , Hollywood , California Personnel
|
2,945 | Tropical Depression Nine was a weak tropical depression that developed and dissipated in the eastern Caribbean Sea in August 2003 . It formed from a tropical wave on August 21 to the south of Puerto Rico , and was initially forecast to strengthen to tropical storm status , due to the favorable conditions for development in the area . However , wind shear developed over the system , and the depression degenerated to a tropical wave on August 22 . The system produced moderate to heavy rainfall throughout its path . In Puerto Rico , the rains flooded ten houses , while in the Dominican Republic the precipitation led to overflown rivers and two injuries . Meteorological history A strong tropical wave exited the coast of Africa on August 14 , moved westward as a disorganized system , and passed through the Cape Verde islands on August 15 . On August 17 , a weak area of low pressure developed in the system about 750 miles ( 1 , 200 km ) west southwest of the Cape Verde islands . Convection increased over the western portion of the wave axis , and the system began to become better organized on August 18 while located about 1 , 250 miles ( 2 , 000 km ) east of the Lesser Antilles . However , convection around the system diminished on August 19 , and later that day it began to move through the Lesser Antilles . Despite favorable upper level winds and falling atmospheric pressures , there were initially no signs of a circulation at the surface . Convection again increased early on August 20 , and it gradually became better organized . Based on a ship 's wind report of the system , it is estimated the wave developed into Tropical Depression Nine on August 21 while located about 260 miles ( 415 km ) south of San Juan , Puerto Rico . The depression quickly showed signs of organization with the development of banding features around its blossoming convection . Due to a favorable upper level environment , forecasters predicted the depression to intensify to a 70 mph ( 110 km h ) tropical storm after making landfall on Haiti and eastern Cuba . Upper level outflow remained well defined , though convection waned near the center early on August 22 . The depression appeared to continue organizing , with a well defined cloud band to its north and east . However , strong southwesterly wind shear unexpectedly increased over the system , and the depression degenerated into a tropical wave late on August 22 , south of the eastern tip of the Dominican Republic . The system retained a well defined cloud pattern with a vigorous mid level circulation , and forecasters at the National Hurricane Center indicated regeneration could have occurred at any time . The wave axis moved over the Dominican Republic early on August 23 , and became disorganized over the mountainous terrain of Hispaniola . There existed the potential for redevelopment as it moved into a potentially more favorable area , though the National Hurricane Center ceased monitoring the system on August 25 when redevelopment appeared unlikely . Preparations Coinciding with the issuance of the first advisory on the tropical depression , the government of the Dominican Republic issued a tropical storm watch from Barahona to its border with Haiti , while a tropical storm watch was issued from Haiti 's border with the Dominican Republic westward to Port au Prince . The United States ' National Hurricane Center in Miami recommended interests in eastern Cuba to monitor the progress of the storm . When the depression was 205 miles ( 330 km ) south southeast of Santo Domingo , the Dominican Republic issued a tropical storm warning from Punta Palenque to its border with Haiti . While located 155 miles ( 250 km ) from the coast of Hispaniola , the government of the Dominican Republic extended the tropical storm warning eastward to Isla Saona , while the government of Haiti upgraded its watch area to a tropical storm warning along the coast . The National Hurricane Center also recommended citizens in the Bahamas to monitor the progress of the storm . After the heavy rainfall began in the Dominican Republic , officials evacuated citizens of low lying areas . Impact Before developing into Tropical Depression Nine , the precursor tropical wave dropped moderate to heavy rainfall across the Lesser Antilles . The depression caused moderate rainfall in Puerto Rico , where two to three inches ( 50 to 75 mm ) of precipitation were recorded . The flooding from the rainfall entered ten houses and left some streets impassable . A mudslide was reported in the eastern portion of the island . A river in northeastern Puerto Rico surpassed its banks from flooding , though it returned to normal levels within hours . Damage in Puerto Rico totaled 20 , 000 ( 2003 USD , 25 . 7 thousand 2016 USD ) . The depression dropped over 1 inch ( 25 mm ) of precipitation across much of the Dominican Republic Santo Domingo reported a peak total of 3 . 9 in ( 98 mm ) . The rainfall led to flooding , primarily east and west of the capital city , while five rivers overflowed their banks . Several roads were inundated , obstructing traffic . The flooding collapsed a sports center and a house , injuring two people inside . Further inland , 160 people had to be evacuated when more than 100 houses were flooded . Crop damage was also reported . In Pedernales , gusty winds uprooted trees , several of which fell on power lines which caused power outages in the town . The rainfall was welcomed in the country , as conditions were dry in the preceding months . Light flooding also occurred in eastern Jamaica , though damage there , if any , is unknown .
|
2,946 | Voroshilov ( Russian unk ) was a Project 26 Kirov class cruiser of the Soviet Navy that served during World War II and into the Cold War . She bombarded German troops during the Siege of Odessa before being badly damaged in November 1941 by German bombers . Upon her return from repairs in March 1942 she supported Soviet troops during the Siege of Sevastopol , the Kerch Feodosiya Operation and the amphibious landings at Novorossiysk at the end of January 1943 . Her active participation in the war ended in October 1943 when three destroyers were lost to air attack and Joseph Stalin forbid missions using large ships without his permission . Postwar she was converted to a missile test ship before being sold for scrap in 1973 . Description Voroshilov was 191 . 3 meters ( 627 ft 7 in ) long , had a beam of 17 . 66 meters ( 57 ft 11 in ) and had a draft of 6 . 15 meters ( 20 ft 2 in ) . She displaced 7 , 890 metric tons ( 7 , 765 long tons ) at standard load and 9 , 436 metric tons ( 9 , 287 long tons ) at full load . Her two steam turbines proved to be more powerful than anticipated , producing a total of 122 , 500 shaft horsepower ( 91 , 300 kW ) . This was almost enough to achieve the ship 's designed speed of 37 knots during her sea trials , reaching 36 . 72 knots ( 68 . 01 km h 42 . 26 mph ) despite being over 650 metric tons ( 640 long tons ) overweight . Voroshilov carried nine 180 millimeter ( 7 . 1 in ) 57 caliber B 1 P guns in three electrically powered MK 3 180 triple turrets . Her secondary armament consisted of six single 100 millimeter ( 3 . 9 in ) 56 caliber B 34 anti aircraft guns fitted on each side of the rear funnel . The ship 's light AA guns consisted of six semi automatic 45 millimeter ( 1 . 8 in ) 21 K AA guns and four DK 12 . 7 millimeter ( 0 . 50 in ) machine guns . Six 533 millimeter ( 21 . 0 in ) 39 Yu torpedo tubes were fitted in two triple mountings . Wartime modifications When war broke out in 1941 , Voroshilov was not equipped with any radars , but she received a number of British Lend Lease radars by 1944 . One Type 284 and two Type 285 radars were used for main battery fire control . One Type 291 was used for air search , while anti aircraft fire control was provided by two Type 282 radars . Service Voroshilov was laid down at the Marti South shipyard in Nikolayev on 15 October 1935 the second of the Project 26 , to use their industrial designation , Kirov class cruisers . She was launched on 28 June 1937 , but she had to wait for her Soviet built machinery to be delivered before she was completed on 20 June 1940 . On 23 June 1941 Voroshilov covered Soviet destroyers bombarding unk , after the Germans attacked the Soviet Union , and was slightly damaged by a mine exploded by the destroyer unk 's paravanes . She bombarded Axis troops near Odessa on 19 September with 148 180 mm shells and was transferred to Novorossiysk shortly afterwards . On 2 November the ship was bombed in harbor by Junkers Ju 88 bombers of Kampfgeschwader 51 . She was hit twice one hit started a fire in 3 magazine that was extinguished by water flooding in from the second hit . Voroshilov had to be towed to Poti for repairs , which lasted until February 1942 . She shelled Axis positions near Feodosiya on 19 March and 3 April 1942 , but was damaged by fragments from bombs from Ju 88s on 10 April and had to return to Batumi for minor repairs . On 8 and 11 May she provided fire support for Soviet troops around Kerch and the Taman Peninsula . On 27 May one of her turbines broke down , while helping to transfer the 9th Naval Infantry Brigade from Batumi to Sevastopol , and required repairs lasting until 24 July 1942 . On 29 November 1942 she was damaged by nearby mine explosions while bombarding unk with 46 180 mm and 57 100 mm shells , but managed to return to Poti under her own power . Just after her repairs were completed she assisted Soviet forces landing behind German lines at Malaya Zemlya with 240 180 mm shells at the end of January 1943 . On 17 February the ship transferred from Poti to Batumi . Voroshilov was withdrawn from active operations , however , after the loss of three destroyers that were attempting to interdict the German evacuation of the Taman Bridgehead to air attack on 6 October 1943 . This loss caused Stalin to forbid the deployment of large naval units without his express permission which was not granted during the rest of the war . The ship was transferred to Novorossiysk on 18 August 1944 and to Sevastopol on 5 November . She was awarded the Order of the Red Banner on 8 July 1945 . Postwar Voroshilov was inspected in 1946 and found unsatisfactory , but she was given routine servicing . She began her postwar modernization in April 1954 , but the Navy reevaluated the scope of the work in 1955 and deemed it insufficient to create a fully modern ship . Unlike her half sister Maxim Gorky , she was selected for conversion as a testbed for missile development as Project 33 on 17 February 1956 . The conversion process was prolonged , as her armament was removed and she received an entirely new superstructure and masts . She consequently was not recommissioned as OS 24 until 31 December 1961 . The ship was modernized under Project unk from 11 October 1963 to 1 December 1965 . Her final conversion was to a floating barracks on 6 October 1972 and she was redesignated as PKZ 19 . Voroshilov was sold for scrapping on 2 March 1973 . Voroshilov 's 14 ton propeller and 2 . 5 ton stop anchor are on display at the Museum of Heroic Defense and Liberation of Sevastopol on Sapun Mountain in Sevastopol .
|
2,947 | George Campbell IV ( born October 27 , 1996 ) is an American football wide receiver for the Florida State Seminoles . He is rated as the tenth best player ( and 1 rated athlete ) by ESPN and as a top 10 wide receiver by Scout.com and Rivals.com in the national high school class of 2015 . He completed his junior season at East Lake High School during the 2013 14 school year . He committed to Michigan prior to his high school junior season , but decommitted following the season and is currently committed to FSU . He has also accepted an invitation to participate in the 2015 Under Armour All America Game . High school Son of Joyce Nix and George Campbell III , George , at the age of 5 and after his father 's imprisonment , developed a close bond with his uncle Ahmad Jackson . Nix is a certified nurse . Freshman Before his freshman season , he nearly attended Clearwater Central Catholic High School , as well as IMG Academy , but decided to attend his zoned school , East Lake High School in Tarpon Springs , Florida . As a freshman he played varsity football for East Lake , but mostly on defense . He had 1 reception for a 26 yard touchdown , 2 interceptions and 81 tackles , including 2 forced fumbles . That season East Lake compiled a 9 4 record before losing in the 2011 Florida High School Athletic Association ( FHSAA ) Class 8A region final in overtime to Plant High School on December 2 , 2011 . Plant had won state championships in 2006 , 2008 and 2009 . Plant went on to become state champion that year , marking four consecutive years it had reached a championship game . Campbell accumulated statistics in 12 of the 13 games ( not the November 4 game at Palm Harbor University High School ) . He was named a MaxPreps 2011 U.S. Air Force Freshman All American first team selection at linebacker , although his true position was safety . He was not selected to the Tampa Bay Times 2011 All Suncoast Region Football team for Hernando , Pasco , Hillsborough and Pinellas counties or even the Times 2011 All Pinellas County football team . Sophomore In 2012 , East Lake improved to 11 2 , but again lost in the FHSAA Class 8A region final , this time to Dr. Phillips High School on November 30 by a 31 21 margin . In the first game of the season , when starter unk Scott injured his ankle , Campbell stepped in at wide receiver . Later in the season , when the team struggled to get pressure on the quarterback , Campbell moved from safety to defensive end . As a sophomore , his tackle total declined to 56 , but his 764 receiving yards earned him 27 major Division I scholarship offers . His offers included Arkansas , Auburn , Boston College , Clemson , Florida , Florida State , Georgia , Georgia Tech , Illinois , Louisville , Miami ( FL ) , Mississippi , Mississippi State , North Carolina State , Notre Dame , Ohio State , South Florida , Tennessee , Texas A M , UCF , UCLA , Vanderbilt , West Virginia . East Lake junior offensive lineman Mason Cole committed to Michigan 's class of 2014 on February 25 , which was one day before Cole was invited to participate in the 2014 U.S. Army All American Bowl . That year Campbell played basketball and ran track for East Lake before having surgery on his left wrist on April 19 . The following summer , he ran a 4 . 36 second 40 yard dash . His 4 . 36 time was on artificial turf , while he was timed a 4 . 37 on grass on the same day . He was also measured at 37 inches ( 94 . 0 cm ) in his vertical leap . He was a second team All Suncoast region and first team All Pinellas County team selection . Junior Prior to his junior season , he verbally committed to the University of Michigan where he would play for Michigan Wolverines football as a freshman for the 2015 team via Twitter . At the time , he still attended East Lake High School , where he was about to play his junior year for the 2013 football team . At the time of his July 27 , 2013 verbal commitment , he was ranked as the number one athlete and number three player in the class of 2015 by ESPN . When Scout.com released its first list of 5 star rated football players on August 12 , 2013 , Campbell was included among the 20 players listed and the only wide receiver included . At the end of that summer prior to his junior year football season , he was one of two juniors selected to the 2013 USA Today preseason All USA team . He accepted an invitation to participate in the 2015 Under Armour All America Game in St. Petersburg before the end of October 2013 . The November 15 FHSAA Class 7A region quarterfinal that East Lake won 13 12 ended with an alleged punch by a Palmetto High School coach that left Campbell with a cut inside his mouth . Other players were involved in the altercation , which is being investigated by the FHSAA . On November 19 , 2013 , ESPN moved Campbell up to the number two overall position in the class of 2015 . This moved him ahead of Kevin unk II , but he remained behind unk Cornell . In Campbell 's third time in the FHSAA , East Lake finally got past the regional finals ( defeating Port Charlotte High School ) , only to lose the following week on December 6 , 2013 , in the state semifinals in overtime to Dwyer High School 31 24 , despite a 65 yard touchdown reception by Campbell . Following the season , Campbell decommitted from Michigan on December 13 . Senior He subsequently named the 10 schools he was considering , while excluding Michigan on July 28 , 2014 . The 10 schools were LSU , Alabama , Florida , FSU , Georgia , Clemson , UCLA , Ole Miss , Auburn , and Maryland . On September 5 , he selected Florida State .
|
2,948 | Battlefield Germany is a turn based strategy video game developed and published by Personal Software Services for the Commodore 64 released in April 1987 . It was also ported to the Amstrad CPC and ZX Spectrum later that year . It is the eighth instalment to the Strategic Wargames series . The game is set during a fictional scenario in which the powers of NATO and the Warsaw Pact engage in a conventional war throughout Europe , mostly centring in West and East Germany . The game is a turn based strategy and focuses on the player building and training units that are used to attack the opposing side . The game was released for 8 bit consoles as well as 16 bit consoles . Battlefield Germany received mixed reviews upon release . Reviewers mainly criticised the tempo of the gameplay and lack of innovation from the original . Some critics , however , praised the graphics and viewed the hard difficulty favourably . Gameplay The game is a turn based strategy and revolves around a fictional conflict between the powers of NATO and the Warsaw Pact . The player has the choice of choosing to control either NATO or Warsaw Pact forces at the beginning of the game . The player will begin the game on either side of Europe depending on which side was chosen if NATO was picked , the player will start at western European countries ( France , West Germany , Denmark ) whereas if the player sides with the Warsaw Pact , the game will begin in eastern Europe . The map is hexagon shaped and allows the player to move their units in six directions . Each side has a variety of units infantry move at a slower pace than mechanised infantry however armoured units are able to withstand more damage than regular units . The game displays two maps on screen the larger , central map displays the current situation whereas a smaller map to the corner of the screen displays a mini map of Europe , which runs north from Denmark to southern France . There are seven types of units in the game . Each unit has a set of statistics which is displayed in the interface once selected . The statistics range from combat strength , fatigue , efficiency , supply and movement points . During the game , both sides have the option to request air support that can be used to attack enemy units . If the other side uses their air support , the player will be given a warning of an oncoming air strike and will have the option to retreat . The game has two endings depending on the side chosen . If playing as NATO , the main objective is to stall Soviet forces long enough until American reinforcements arrive . However , if playing as the Warsaw Pact , the objective is to destroy all NATO forces . Setting The events leading up the stand off between NATO and the Warsaw Pact are detailed in a pre game text Iran declares war on Iraq and subsequently invades the latter nation , whilst Egypt succumbs to a civil war and establishes Islamic law over the country , culminating in an Egyptian invasion of Israel . The events in the Middle East prompt the superpowers of the United States and the British Empire to intervene , leading up to a conventional war in Europe against the Eastern bloc . The game is set in 1989 . Background Personal Software Services was founded in Coventry , England , by Gary Mays and Richard Cockayne in 1981 . The company were known for creating games that revolved around historic war battles and conflicts , such as Theatre Europe , Bismark and Falklands ' 82 . The company had a partnership with French video game developer ERE Informatique , and published localised versions of their products to the United Kingdom . In 1986 , Cockayne took a decision to alter their products for release on 16 bit consoles , as he found that smaller 8 bit consoles such as the ZX Spectrum lacked the processing power for larger strategy games . The decision was falsely interpreted as pull out from the Spectrum market by a video game journalist . Following years of successful sales throughout the mid 1980s , Personal Software Services experienced financial difficulties , in what Cockayne admitted in a retrospective interview that he took his eye off the ball . The company was acquired by Mirrorsoft in February 1987 , and was later dispossessed by the company due to strains of debt . Reception The game received mixed reviews upon release . Richard Blaine of Your Sinclair praised the graphics as wonderful and the gameplay as tough , adding that the game should be aimed at advanced players . Philippa Irving of Crash criticised the graphics as repetitively dull , despite admitting that they were clear enough visually . Gary Rook of Sinclair User heralded the graphics as superb , adding that the game was one of the best looking wargames he had ever seen at that time . A reviewer of Computer and Video Games criticised the presentation , stating that the screen was too small and the lack of visual understanding made the game completely unplayable . Mark Reed of Computer Gamer praised the graphics as being superior compared to Theatre Europe , heralding it as much more detailed . However , Reed criticised the originality of the game and the lack of manual for the ZX Spectrum version . A reviewer of ZX Computing praised the game 's difficulty , suggesting that it was recommended for advanced gamers in the wargame genre . Irving criticised the game 's value for money and playability , stating that 12 . 95 was a lot of money to spend on a game that the player would most likely dislike . However , Rook heralded the gameplay as smooth and challenging , contrary to other critics .
|
2,949 | Battlefield Germany is a turn based strategy video game developed and published by Personal Software Services for the Commodore 64 released in April 1987 . It was also ported to the Amstrad CPC and ZX Spectrum later that year . It is the eighth instalment to the Strategic Wargames series . The game is set during a fictional scenario in which the powers of NATO and the Warsaw Pact engage in a conventional war throughout Europe , mostly centring in West and East Germany . The game is a turn based strategy and focuses on the player building and training units that are used to attack the opposing side . The game was released for 8 bit consoles as well as 16 bit consoles . Battlefield Germany received mixed reviews upon release . Reviewers mainly criticised the tempo of the gameplay and lack of innovation from the original . Some critics , however , praised the graphics and viewed the hard difficulty favourably . Gameplay The game is a turn based strategy and revolves around a fictional conflict between the powers of NATO and the Warsaw Pact . The player has the choice of choosing to control either NATO or Warsaw Pact forces at the beginning of the game . The player will begin the game on either side of Europe depending on which side was chosen if NATO was picked , the player will start at western European countries ( France , West Germany , Denmark ) whereas if the player sides with the Warsaw Pact , the game will begin in eastern Europe . The map is hexagon shaped and allows the player to move their units in six directions . Each side has a variety of units infantry move at a slower pace than mechanised infantry however armoured units are able to withstand more damage than regular units . The game displays two maps on screen the larger , central map displays the current situation whereas a smaller map to the corner of the screen displays a mini map of Europe , which runs north from Denmark to southern France . There are seven types of units in the game . Each unit has a set of statistics which is displayed in the interface once selected . The statistics range from combat strength , fatigue , efficiency , supply and movement points . During the game , both sides have the option to request air support that can be used to attack enemy units . If the other side uses their air support , the player will be given a warning of an oncoming air strike and will have the option to retreat . The game has two endings depending on the side chosen . If playing as NATO , the main objective is to stall Soviet forces long enough until American reinforcements arrive . However , if playing as the Warsaw Pact , the objective is to destroy all NATO forces . Setting The events leading up the stand off between NATO and the Warsaw Pact are detailed in a pre game text Iran declares war on Iraq and subsequently invades the latter nation , whilst Egypt succumbs to a civil war and establishes Islamic law over the country , culminating in an Egyptian invasion of Israel . The events in the Middle East prompt the superpowers of the United States and the British Empire to intervene , leading up to a conventional war in Europe against the Eastern bloc . The game is set in 1989 . Background Personal Software Services was founded in Coventry , England , by Gary Mays and Richard Cockayne in 1981 . The company were known for creating games that revolved around historic war battles and conflicts , such as Theatre Europe , Bismark and Falklands ' 82 . The company had a partnership with French video game developer ERE Informatique , and published localised versions of their products to the United Kingdom . In 1986 , Cockayne took a decision to alter their products for release on 16 bit consoles , as he found that smaller 8 bit consoles such as the ZX Spectrum lacked the processing power for larger strategy games . The decision was falsely interpreted as pull out from the Spectrum market by a video game journalist . Following years of successful sales throughout the mid 1980s , Personal Software Services experienced financial difficulties , in what Cockayne admitted in a retrospective interview that he took his eye off the ball . The company was acquired by Mirrorsoft in February 1987 , and was later dispossessed by the company due to strains of debt . Reception The game received mixed reviews upon release . Richard Blaine of Your Sinclair praised the graphics as wonderful and the gameplay as tough , adding that the game should be aimed at advanced players . Philippa Irving of Crash criticised the graphics as repetitively dull , despite admitting that they were clear enough visually . Gary Rook of Sinclair User heralded the graphics as superb , adding that the game was one of the best looking wargames he had ever seen at that time . A reviewer of Computer and Video Games criticised the presentation , stating that the screen was too small and the lack of visual understanding made the game completely unplayable . Mark Reed of Computer Gamer praised the graphics as being superior compared to Theatre Europe , heralding it as much more detailed . However , Reed criticised the originality of the game and the lack of manual for the ZX Spectrum version . A reviewer of ZX Computing praised the game 's difficulty , suggesting that it was recommended for advanced gamers in the wargame genre . Irving criticised the game 's value for money and playability , stating that 12 . 95 was a lot of money to spend on a game that the player would most likely dislike . However , Rook heralded the gameplay as smooth and challenging , contrary to other critics .
|
2,950 | Sava unk Mutkurov ( Bulgarian unk unk unk ) ( 16 December O.S. 4 December 1852 15 March O.S. 3 March 1891 ) was a Bulgarian officer ( Major General ) and politician . One of only three recipients of the Order of Bravery 1st grade , he was among the chief architects of the Bulgarian unification ( 1885 ) and , as an officer in the young Bulgarian Army , one of its defendants in the Serbo Bulgarian War ( 1885 ) . He also served as one of the regents of the Principality of Bulgaria after Prince Alexander of Battenberg 's abdication ( 1886 1887 ) and was Minister of War in Stefan Stambolov 's government ( 1887 1891 ) . Early years and Bulgarian unification Sava Mutkurov was born in the city of Tarnovo in the central Danubian Plain ( then part of the Ottoman Empire , today in north central Bulgaria ) in 1852 . He studied for two years at the Military Medical Academy in the imperial capital Constantinople ( Istanbul ) , but graduated instead from the Cadet Infantry School in the Russian city of Odessa in 1872 . As a soldier in the Imperial Russian Army , Mutkurov participated in the Serbo Turkish War of 1876 along with other Bulgarian volunteers . He was also involved in the Russo Turkish War of 1877 1878 which brought about the Liberation of Bulgaria . During that war , he was the commander of a company in the 54th Minsk Infantry Regiment of the Russian Army . After the Liberation of Bulgaria and the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia in 1878 , Mutkurov settled in Eastern Rumelia , where he joined the provincial police or militia . He served first with the 1st Plovdiv Battalion and thereafter with the general staff . As an eminent man of arms in Eastern Rumelia , Mutkurov was one of the main leaders of the Bulgarian unification on 6 September 1885 , the bloodless revolution that united the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia . Mutkurov joined the Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Central Committee which stood behind the unification . At the time a captain , along with Dimitar unk he was unk to the Bulgarian monarch Prince Alexander of Battenberg . The two were received by the prince in Shumen , where they notified him of the forthcoming events and requested his approval . The prince did not wish to be publicly involved in an anti Ottoman revolution , and is unclear whether he at all believed a revolution was likely to break out in Eastern Rumelia so soon . During the revolution , Mutkurov commanded some of the troops that surrounded the residence of the provincial governor Gavril unk and demanded his resignation . Serbo Bulgarian War and regency Following the unification , from 6 to 8 September , Mutkurov was a member of the interim provincial government presided by the Commissar of South Bulgaria , Georgi unk . Mutkurov was one of the commanders of the Bulgarian Army in the Serbo Bulgarian War of 1885 caused by the Kingdom of Serbia 's disapproval of the Bulgarian unification . In the conflict , a Bulgarian victory that defended the revolution , Mutkurov headed the troops fighting at unk on 13 November and was also in charge of the central and right wing forces during the Pirot Offensive on 14 and 15 November . After the war Mutkurov was appointed chief of the Plovdiv garrison and commanded the 5th Infantry Brigade . Sava Mutkurov also played an important part in the turbulent events of 1886 . In the wake of a pro Russian coup d 'tat aiming to dethrone Prince Alexander , Mutkurov and Stefan Stambolov organized a counter coup which was widely supported by the population . Mutkurov was appointed by Stambolov as the commander in chief of the troops loyal to Prince Alexander , and soldiers from his Plovdiv garrison were transferred to the capital Sofia to arrest or drive out the plotters . The events nevertheless led to Prince Alexander 's abdication on 7 September 1886 under Russian pressure . Until the election of another Bulgarian monarch , Prince Ferdinand of Saxe Coburg and Gotha , on 14 August 1887 , Mutkurov was one of the three regents of Bulgaria , along with Stambolov and unk Karavelov ( soon replaced by Georgi Zhivkov ) . He was also part of the delegation that welcomed the new prince as he arrived in Svishtov to assume the throne . Minister of War and death On 1 September 1887 that year , Mutkurov became Minister of War in Stefan Stambolov 's Popular Liberal Party government . Mutkurov was a loyal friend and trusted man of the premier Stambolov , who even made him his brother in law . He was not , however , favoured by Prince Ferdinand . The monarch 's desire was to replace him with his own confidant , Mutkurov 's enemy Hristo Popov , as Minister of War . Mutkurov served in the government until 16 February 1891 , when he withdrew due to deteriorating health and was promoted to Major General . He died of a heart attack on 15 March on a visit to Naples , Kingdom of Italy , and was interred at the Church of the Holy Saviour in Sofia . Despite his active involvement in practically all major events in Bulgarian history during his lifetime , Mutkurov has been described as very reserved and taciturn even though he was also honest and firm . Writer Simeon Radev regards Mutkurov as a phlegmatic person and his contemporary and accomplice in the unification unk unk would go as far as to say that by the time Mutkurov opened his mouth , the market would close up . Together with the other two long serving regents of 1886 1887 , Stambolov and Zhivkov , Mutkurov was one of only three persons to receive the Order of Bravery 1st grade , the oldest and highest Bulgarian military decoration .
|
2,951 | HMS Escort was an E class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s . Although assigned to the Home Fleet upon completion , the ship was attached to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1935 36 , during the Abyssinia Crisis . During the Spanish Civil War of 1936 1939 , she spent considerable time in Spanish waters , enforcing the arms blockade imposed by Britain and France on both sides of the conflict . Escort was assigned to convoy escort and anti submarine patrol duties in the Western Approaches , when World War II began in September 1939 . During the Norwegian Campaign , the ship escorted ships of the Home Fleet , although she did tow her sister HMS Eclipse after the latter ship had been badly damaged by German air attack . Escort was assigned to Force H in late June , and participated in the Attack on Mers el Kbir in early July . She was torpedoed a few days later , by an Italian submarine , but was towed for three days towards Gibraltar before she foundered . Description The E class ships were slightly improved versions of the preceding D class . They displaced 1 , 405 long tons ( 1 , 428 t ) at standard load and 1 , 940 long tons ( 1 , 970 t ) at deep load . The ships had an overall length of 329 feet ( 100 . 3 m ) , a beam of 33 feet 3 inches ( 10 . 1 m ) and a draught of 12 feet 6 inches ( 3 . 8 m ) . They were powered by two Parsons geared steam turbines , each driving one propeller shaft , using steam provided by three Admiralty three drum boilers . The turbines developed a total of 36 , 000 shaft horsepower ( 27 , 000 kW ) and gave a maximum speed of 35 . 5 knots ( 65 . 7 km h 40 . 9 mph ) . Escort carried a maximum of 470 long tons ( 480 t ) of fuel oil that gave her a range of 6 , 350 nautical miles ( 11 , 760 km 7 , 310 mi ) at 15 knots ( 28 km h 17 mph ) . The ships ' complement was 145 officers and ratings . The ships mounted four 45 calibre 4 . 7 inch ( 120 mm ) Mark IX guns in single mounts . For anti aircraft ( AA ) defence , they had two quadruple Mark I mounts for the 0 . 5 inch Vickers Mark III machine gun . The E class was fitted with two above water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21 inch ( 533 mm ) torpedoes . One depth charge rail and two throwers were fitted 20 depth charges were originally carried , but this increased to 35 shortly after the war began . Service Escort was ordered from Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company , at Greenock , Scotland on 1 November 1932 , under the 1931 Construction Programme . She was laid down on 30 March 1933 , and launched on 29 March 1934 . She was commissioned on 30 October 1934 , at a total cost of 249 , 587 , excluding government furnished equipment like the armament . Upon commissioning the ship was assigned to the 5th Destroyer Flotilla of the Home Fleet , aside from a brief deployment in the West Indies between January and March 1935 . Afterwards , she was refitted in Sheerness from 27 March to 30 April . Escort was attached to the Mediterranean Fleet from September 1935 to March 1936 , during the Abyssinian Crisis . She struck a lock while at Sheerness and required seven weeks of repairs that were not completed until 5 September . The ship patrolled Spanish waters during the Spanish Civil War , enforcing the edicts of the Non Intervention Committee until 24 March 1939 , when she returned to the United Kingdom . Escort became tender to the light cruiser HMS Caledon of the Reserve Fleet upon her return , and was not recommissioned until 2 August , when she was assigned to the 12th Destroyer Flotilla . On 3 September , Escort and her sister HMS Electra rescued some 300 odd survivors from the ocean liner SS Athenia , which had been torpedoed by the German submarine U 30 . The ship was assigned to convoy escort and anti submarine duties in the Western Approaches Command . She was transferred to Rosyth in December , for similar duties in the North Sea . Escort was refitted at Falmouth between 10 January and 12 February 1940 , and resumed her duties afterwards . Together with the destroyers HMS Inglefield and HMS Imogen , she sank the German submarine U 63 on 25 February , after the German vessel had been spotted by the submarine HMS Narwhal some 90 miles ( 140 km ) east of the Orkney Islands . When the Norwegian Campaign began in early April , Escort was transferred to the Home Fleet , and was screening the capital ships when they sortied into the North Sea looking for the German ship on 9 April . After her sister Eclipse was damaged by air attack on 11 April , Escort towed her to Sullom Voe . The ship escorted the aircraft carriers HMS Glorious and HMS Ark Royal from 25 April , as their aircraft attacked German targets in Norway . She accompanied Glorious when that ship returned to Scapa Flow to refuel and replenish her aircraft on 27 April . The ship was slightly damaged in a collision with the Polish ocean liner Chrobry on 11 May . Escort was based in Scapa Flow as part of the Home Fleet until 26 June , when she sailed for Gibraltar to join Force H. It is uncertain if her rear set of torpedo tubes were replaced by a 3 inch ( 76 . 2 mm ) ( 12 pounder ) AA gun at this time . She arrived on 2 July , and joined Force H in attacking ships of the French Navy at Mers el Kbir the next day . During Operation MA 5 , a planned air attack on Italian airfields in Sardinia , Escort was torpedoed by the Italian submarine Guglielmo Marconi on 11 July after the attack had been cancelled due to lack of surprise . The torpedo blew a hole 20 feet ( 6 . 1 m ) wide between the two boiler rooms , but only killed two members of the crew . Later that morning she foundered .
|
2,952 | From 1895 to 1899 , William Wurtenburg served as the head coach of the Dartmouth Big Green football program , which represented Dartmouth College in collegiate football competitions . Dartmouth had adopted football as a school sport in 1881 when the team went 1 0 1 . Prior to Wurtenburg 's hiring , the team had won two consecutive Triangular Football League championships under coach Wallace Moyle . Wurtenburg had been a highly successful player at Yale , where he had played at quarterback on teams that went 46 1 1 in a four year span . He had graduated from the school in 1893 and coached the Navy Midshipmen football program for a year before his hiring by Dartmouth . During Wurtenburg 's five year coaching tenure , Dartmouth went 8 2 in conference contests and won four consecutive Triangular Football League championships . The 1895 season was made up of thirteen games , a record setting amount for a Dartmouth team . It included the closest loss to rival Harvard up to that point . The 1896 was the most successful season of Wurtenburg 's , in terms of winning percentage the squad went 5 2 1 , the tenth best record among major teams , for a unk win percentage . The fewest games played in a season under Wurtenburg were seven in 1897 . That team managed a 4 3 record , which included a three game scoreless streak . The 1898 squad finished the season with a losing record , 5 6 , but managed to outscore its opponents 205 137 . Wurtenburg 's final season as Dartmouth 's head coach was his worst . The team had a 2 7 overall record and went 0 2 in conference play . The season was also marked by several of the largest blowouts of Dartmouth in years . Overall , the Dartmouth football program went 23 23 2 in Wurtenburg 's five years of coaching . The 1898 season was the final Triangular Football League championship the school would win the conference would become defunct in 1901 , two years later . Following Wurtenburg 's departure , Frederick E. Jennings , a player under Wurtenburg , would take over the program , leading it to a 2 4 2 record in one year of coaching . Another former player , Walter unk would coach the program starting in 1901 , and led the team to a 15 win record in two years . Wurtenburg 's tenure as coach has occasionally been remarked as the beginning of Dartmouth 's acceptance as a major team . Prelude Dartmouth College fielded its first football team in 1881 , when the school challenged Amherst College to a two game series . They won the first contest , one touchdown to none , and tied the second . The following year , the team played their first major opponent when they traveled to Cambridge , Massachusetts and played the Harvard Crimson . Dartmouth was blown out 53 0 , and a rivalry with Harvard formed . The Dartmouth football team developed through the 1880s , skipping the 1885 season but challenging several major opponents . Prior to Wurtenburg 's arrival , the school had won four Triangular Football League championships in seven years . Wallace Moyle was the first coach hired by the program he served in that position during the two years before Wurtenburg 's appointment and led the school to a 9 7 record . William Wurtenburg was born and raised in Western New York by immigrant parents . He was introduced to football while a student at Phillips Exeter Academy , where , in his senior year , he played quarterback and served as team captain . In 1886 , Wurtenburg entered Yale University to study to become a doctor . He joined the school football team in his first year , playing as a backup halfback . He remained a backup halfback on the 1887 team , which went undefeated and was later recognized as a national champion . Wurtenburg transitioned to the quarterback position in 1888 and took the starting spot . He finished playing with the team regularly in 1889 . During the time Wurtenburg played , Yale went 46 1 1 . Upon graduating from Yale in 1893 , Wurtenburg accepted a position as head coach of the Naval Academy football team for the 1894 season . He guided the team to a 4 1 2 record . Aftermath After the 1899 season concluded , Wurtenburg declined to return the next year . Instead , he was replaced by one of his former players , Frederick E. Jennings . During the time that Wurtenburg coached Dartmouth , the program went 23 23 2 and won four consecutive Triangular Football League championships . The team had also amassed an 8 2 conference record . Jennings took the 1900 squad to a 2 4 2 record , and was replaced following that season by Walter unk . He found more success with the program and led it to a 15 3 1 record over two years . The Big Green would never win another Triangular Football League championship the conference folded after the 1901 season . Following his coaching career , Wurtenburg became an occasional referee for Yale , and later established himself as a respected surgeon . Fred unk , captain of the 1898 team , would reflect on Wurtenburg 's coaching career at Dartmouth for William Big Bill Edwards ' book Football Days , stating that One man , whose influence more than any other one thing , succeeded in laying a foundation for Dartmouth 's wonderful results , but whose name is seldom mentioned in that connection is Doctor Wurtenberg , who was brought up in the early Yale football school . He had the keenest sense of fundamental football and the greatest intensity of spirit in transmitting his hard earned knowledge . Four critical years he worked with us filling every one with his enthusiasm and those four years Dartmouth football gained such headway that nothing could stop its growth .
|
2,953 | Tangled Lives is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company . The plot focuses on , John Hill , a bank cashier who decides to fakes his death after the manager finds his accounts are short . Before he can go through with the plan , a reporter interviews the wife , May , and decides to suppress the story because he has become infatuated with her . Five years pass , May and the reporter decide to marry , but John returns on the day of the wedding . Upon sneaking into the house , he sees their love and decides to disappear . As he attempts to leave he accidentally falls to his death and the reporter removes his body before he leads May to the altar . The film was described as a variant of Enoch Arden by one reviewer , but it differs in its execution . The cast and credits of the film are unknown , but a surviving film still shows the principal characters . The film was released on September 13 , 1910 , to positive reviews . The film is presumed lost . Plot Though the film is presumed lost , a synopsis survives in The Bioscope from December 22 , 1910 . It states A shortage is discovered in the accounts of John Hill , a young bank cashier . The manager of the bank agrees to give him three days ' time in which to make good the shortage . John confides in his young wife , May , and a young reporter interviews May about her husband 's shortage . He becomes interested in the plucky young woman , and decides to suppress the story . The husband fails to raise the money , and leaves his clothes , with a note telling of his intended suicide , on a wharf at the water 's edge . After five years the young reporter wins May for his bride . On the day of their wedding , John is attracted to the house where the ceremony is to take place . Hearing of the many rich gifts which the bride has received , he enters the house , and witnesses a love scene between the young reporter and his ( John 's ) wife . He finds it impossible to escape by the way he entered , and attempts to leave by the floor window , falls to the ground and is killed . Here Hastings finds him , and has the body carried away , and leads May to the altar . Production The writer of the scenario is unknown , but it was most likely Lloyd Lonergan . He was an experienced newspaperman employed by The New York Evening World while writing scripts for the Thanhouser productions . The plot was likened by Walton of The Moving Picture News to Enoch Arden , but the story differs in several ways . Published by Alfred , Lord Tennyson in 1864 , the poem tells of the eponymous character who becomes shipwrecked on a desert island and returns home a decade later to find his wife has remarried and they have a new child . For the sake of his wife 's happiness , he never lets her know that he is alive . The plot differs because the husband willingly fakes his death and returns on the day of the wedding . Rather than announce himself , he attempts to leave and dies in the process , his body is removed by the prospective husband before marrying her . The similarity with the poem comes from refusing to confront or interrupt the wedding by revealing the fact that he is alive is ensured by John 's true death at the climax . The New York Dramatic Mirror noted that the journalists arrived to photograph and cover the apparent suicide too quickly , making it illogical that the fake suicide would not have been revealed . The film director is unknown , but it may have been Barry O 'Neil . Film historian Q. David Bowers does not attribute a cameraman for this production , but at least two possible candidates exist . Blair Smith was the first cameraman of the Thanhouser company , but he was soon joined by Carl Louis Gregory who had years of experience as a still and motion picture photographer . The role of the cameraman was uncredited in 1910 productions . Cast credits are unknown , but many 1910 Thanhouser productions are fragmentary . A surviving film still gives the possibility of identifying the three leading actors . Release and reception The single reel drama , approximately 1000 feet long , was released on September 13 , 1910 . The film had a wide release , with theater advertisements known in Kansas , Maryland , Pennsylvania , and Indiana . Some later advertisements for the film may have been referring to the Kalem Company 's Tangled Lives released in May 1911 . The Kalem film is extant . Rare typographical errors also resulted in the Reliance Film Company having a film of this name in some advertisements , but this is an error on Tangled Lines . The film was released in Britain on December 22 , 1910 . Reviews for the film were mostly positive , with Walton of The Moving Picture News stating , It is another variant of Enoch Arden , with a newspaperman interjected . The resurrected undesirable husband is cleverly eliminated . The coincidences are too miraculous to suit a plain newspaperman . The New York Dramatic Mirror agreed in premise that the plot of the film had been done before , but stated , ... the Thanhouser people have done it fairly well and added a few details which , while not quite logical , give it some new interest . The Moving Picture World offered a neutral summary of the plot , but concluded that the film is a graphic illustration of conditions which might arise almost any time , and develops an interestingly dramatic story as it proceeds . One local review of the film called it splendid , but either by typographical error or for reasons unknown , gives a different story of the plot and even stating that the wife fell to her death by accident when attempting to see her .
|
2,954 | Hurricane Katrina was a late forming tropical cyclone that impacted portions of the Greater Antilles and Bahamas in November 1981 . The twenty first tropical cyclone , eleventh named storm , and seventh hurricane of the 1981 Atlantic hurricane season , Katrina developed from an area of cloudiness in the western Caribbean Sea early on November 3 . The initial tropical depression deepened slowly , and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Katrina on November 5 . About six hours later , Katrina peaked with sustained winds of 85 mph ( 140 km h ) . The storm made landfall along the south coast of Camagey Province in Cuba early on November 6 . Katrina quickly weakened to a tropical storm , before emerging into the Atlantic Ocean hours later . The system then accelerated northeastward and crossed the Bahamas late on November 6 . Katrina dissipated late on November 7 , shortly before merging with a frontal system . On Grand Cayman , a waterspout ripped out a grape tree and slammed it into the Brac Reef Hotel 's bar . Heavy rainfall was observed on Cuba , peaking at 15 . 74 inches ( 400 mm ) . As a result , Cuba experienced flash flooding in mountainous areas as Katrina moved across the country . In southern Camagey Province , several bridges and railroads were reportedly washed out . Two sugar mills suffered damage . An estimated 4 , 641 homes suffered impact , 39 of which were destroyed . In addition , approximately 80 of sugar cane crops were damaged . Two people drowned in Cuba while attempting to cross a swollen river in Camagey Province . The Bahamas received up to 14 in ( 360 mm ) of rain , causing flood damage to watermelon , tomato and corn crops , particularly on Long Island . Meteorological history On November 1 , an area of disturbed weather a mass of cloudiness and thunderstorms developed over the western Caribbean Sea . Subsequently , a low pressure area began to form . The system was designated a tropical depression early on November 3 , while located about 150 miles ( 240 km ) to the south of the Cayman Islands . Operationally , the National Hurricane Center began issuing advisories on the tropical depression at 2200 UTC on November 3 . In the initial advisory , it was noted that the depression would slowly strengthen , but reach tropical storm status within 24 hours due to strong convection . The depression remained disorganized through early on November 4 , with satellite imagery and weather stations in the Caribbean Sea region indicating no intensification . However , only a few hours later , the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Katrina , while drifting northward . Continuing to strengthen , Katrina slowly recurved north northeastward and eventually to the northeast . The National Hurricane Center operationally classified Katrina as a tropical depression until 1600 UTC on November 4 , after a reconnaissance aircraft flight reported tropical storm force winds . At 0600 UTC on November 5 , the storm strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir Simpson hurricane wind scale . Later that same day , Katrina attained its peak intensity after another reconnaissance aircraft flight reported a minimum barometric pressure of 980 mbar ( 29 inHg ) , and observed maximum sustained winds of about 85 mph ( 140 km h ) on the surface . However , Katrina weakened slightly while approaching Cuba . Early on November 6 , the storm made landfall in Camagey Province with winds of 75 mph ( 120 km h ) . Shortly after moving inland , the system weakened to a tropical storm . A deepening trough offshore the East Coast of the United States caused Katrina to accelerate east northeastward . By 1330 UTC on November 6 , the storm emerged into the Atlantic Ocean . Katrina slowly weakened while crossing through the central Bahamas later that day . After a reconnaissance aircraft flight failed to locate a closed circulation , the system dissipated late on November 7 , while located about 380 miles ( 610 km ) south southeast of Bermuda . Preparations and impact In anticipation of Katrina , 150 , 000 people and 120 , 000 head of cattle in central Cuba were evacuated , according to a broadcast by Havana radio . As a result , Cuban Civil Defense officers issued a storm alert for five provinces . A hurricane watch was declared for the central and eastern Bahamas . Along the southeast coast of Florida , small craft were advised to remain close to port . However , the storm was not expected to , and did not , pose a threat to the United States . Throughout the Cayman Islands , Katrina dropped up to 12 inches ( 300 mm ) of precipitation . In Grand Cayman , a waterspout ripped out a grape tree and slammed it into the Brac Reef Hotel 's Bar . The highest observed 24 hour precipitation total in Cuba was 13 . 03 inches ( 331 mm ) , while rainfall in the nation peaked at 15 . 74 inches ( 400 mm ) . As a result , Cuba experienced flash flooding in mountainous areas as Katrina moved across the country . In southern Camagey Province , a number of bridges and railroads were washed out . Two sugar mills suffered damage . About 4 , 641 homes suffered impact , 39 of which were destroyed . In addition , an estimated 80 of sugar cane crops were damaged . Two people drowned in Cuba while attempting to cross a swollen river in Camagey Province . The Bahamas received up to 14 in ( 360 mm ) of rain . Although no deaths or injuries were reported there , heavy rains in the central islands caused flood damage to watermelon , tomato and corn crops on Long Island . Bad weather from Hurricane Katrina caused the cancellation of the 15th running of the Benson and Hedges Gold Cup Race .
|
2,955 | High Street , also labeled as High Street Brooklyn Bridge , and also referred to as Brooklyn Bridge Plaza and Cranberry Street , is a station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway . It is located at Cadman Plaza East near Red Cross Place and the Brooklyn Bridge approach in Brooklyn Heights , Brooklyn . Its name comes from older street names its original location was at the intersection of High Street and Washington Street . It is served by the A train at all times and the C train at all times except late nights . History The High Street station , which is alternatively referred to as Brooklyn Bridge Plaza and Cranberry Street , was part of a three stop extension of the IND Eighth Avenue Line from Chambers Street in Lower Manhattan to Jay Street Borough Hall in Downtown Brooklyn . Construction of the extension began in June 1928 . Due to the station 's proximity to the Cranberry Street Tunnel under the East River , instead of typical cut and cover ( or open cut ) construction methods , the station site was constructed 70 feet ( 21 m ) below the street ( the tunnel is 90 feet ( 27 m ) below the surface at its lowest point ) using mining techniques . The station was built between the eastern ends of the cast iron river tubes reinforced with cement , leading to its tubular design . The depth of the station meant that few buildings in the area would be disturbed or demolished , except for two structures along Cranberry Street between Henry Street and Old Fulton Street . The extension opened to Jay Street on February 1 , 1933 , but the High Street station remained closed for an additional five months . The trains ran through the station without stopping , because the escalators to the street had not been completed due to lack of funding . That month , the contract for four escalators in the station was awarded to Otis Elevator Company . The station opened on June 24 , 1933 . The station was located below the sites of the Sands Street terminal for BMT elevated trains , some of which traveled over the Brooklyn Bridge . The BMT station closed in 1944 and was replaced by Cadman Plaza . Old Fulton Street ( now Cadman Plaza West ) and Cranberry Street was also the site of the printing shop where Walt Whitman 's Leaves of Grass was first published in 1855 . The area is now the site of the Whitman Close Apartments . The High Street station was the site of an attempted robbery of subway revenue on June 18 , 1954 , in which the unarmed perpetrator was fatally shot by one of the two armed transit employees collecting fares and already used transfer slips from token booths . In the 1970s , the escalators at the eastern end of the station to Adams Street were replaced . Station layout This underground station has two tracks and one island platform . It is the northernmost Brooklyn station for the A and C trains . To the north , the IND Eighth Avenue Line enters the Cranberry Street Tunnel and passes under the East River into Manhattan . As a result , the station was built in a tube design , and built with escalators between the upper fare control level and the lower mezzanine level to easier traverse the 70 foot ( 21 m ) drop below street level . The tile band at this station is a small High printed on the walls in a dark purple color scheme . There are exits at both ends to the full length mezzanine along with evidence of removed center exits since this station was built , the area now known as Cadman Plaza was completely rebuilt . Cadman Plaza East , the short one block street outside the Red Cross Place exit , was previously called Washington Street the Washington Street moniker still applies to the road north of Prospect Street . High Street is not directly accessible from the station , as the short one block street is interrupted by a parking lot . However , Red Cross Place , which was once a part of High Street , is directly accessible . The geographic western exit leads to Cadman Plaza West Old Fulton Street ( formerly Fulton Street , as indicated on wall mosaic signs ) in Brooklyn Heights , a few hundred feet south of Cadman Plaza West 's intersection with unk Street . This was the original exit to the station . The eastern exits lead to Adams Street , on the border of Brooklyn Heights , unk and Downtown Brooklyn , adjacent to the central courthouse for the Federal Eastern District of New York . These exits were opened following an additional delay to complete the escalators . Adams Street was widened from 100 feet to 160 feet in the 1950s to accommodate new ramps to the Brooklyn Bridge , and now carries carries the secondary name Brooklyn Bridge Boulevard . The current exit staircases lead to ether side of Adams Street , acting as a pedestrian underpass . There are painted over mosaics pointing to former exits at Washington Street ( now Cadman Plaza East ) . East ( railroad south ) of the station , the line curves south onto Jay Street and has three track switches with the IND Sixth Avenue Line . A power station for the line is located on the west side of Jay Street just north of Concord Street . A second substation is located at Red Cross Place and Cadman Plaza East . Ridership In 2015 , the station had 2 , 656 , 705 boardings , making it the 188th most used station in the 422 station system . This amounted to an average of 8 , 479 passengers per weekday . In 2014 , the station had an average of 8 , 870 daily weekday boardings , up from 5 , 410 daily boardings in 2005 this represented a 64 ridership increase over nine years . The station is the 26th busiest of all the stations served by the A C routes .
|
2,956 | Dunder Mifflin Infinity is the third and fourth episode of the fourth season of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's fifty sixth and fifty seventh episode overall . The episode was written by Michael Schur , who also acts in the show , and directed by Craig Zisk . It first aired in the United States on October 4 , 2007 on NBC . In this episode , Ryan returns to his old office and reveals his plan to bring technology to Dunder Mifflin . Michael and Dwight try to prove that the personal touch is better than technology . Meanwhile , Jim and Pam reveal their relationship to the rest of the office , Kelly attempts to reunite with Ryan , and Dwight and Angela 's relationship continues to plummet . Plot Ryan Howard ( B. J. Novak ) returns to the Scranton , Pennsylvania branch of Dunder Mifflin for the first time since his promotion to the corporate headquarters . Although he sports a much more urbane look and attitude , he garners little respect from his former peers . Ryan introduces Dunder Mifflin Infinity , his initiative to revitalize the company with new technology . Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) is initially excited about the prospect of getting a BlackBerry , but is warned by Creed Bratton ( Creed Bratton ) that the program is a ploy to get rid of older workers . Creed dyes his hair black with printer ink in an attempt to convince everyone that he is much younger . Michael holds a conference room meeting on the subject of ageism . To show that personal interaction is more effective than new technology , Michael and Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) decide to go out and win back the clients they lost in the past year with gift baskets . Each manager they encounter refuses to consider returning to Dunder Mifflin unless the company improves its technology , such as Dunder Mifflin 's website . While driving back to the office , Michael misinterprets his rental car 's GPS map system 's directions and drives into Lake Scranton . He takes this as further proof that new technology is useless because it tried to kill him . After the lake incident , he and Dwight walk back to one of the former clients to awkwardly get back their gift basket , causing a scene . Meanwhile , Pam Beesly ( Jenna Fischer ) and Jim Halpert ( John Krasinski ) are exposed as a couple when Toby Flenderson ( Paul Lieberstein ) circulates a memo about public displays of affection . Jim secretly informs Pam that Dwight and Angela Martin ( Angela Kinsey ) are dating , only to discover that she already knew . Meanwhile , Dwight attempts to make amends for the death of Angela 's cat Sprinkles by giving her a stray cat he found in his barn , named Garbage . Angela rejects the gift . Kelly Kapoor ( Mindy Kaling ) tries to restart her relationship with Ryan , an effort he ignores until she tells him she is pregnant . After going out to dinner , Ryan learns that Kelly 's pregnancy claim was a lie that Kelly used in attempt to get them back together . Back at the office , Ryan asks Pam to create a logo for Dunder Mifflin Infinity . Pam is excited about the opportunity to use her art background , but Ryan uses the logo as an excuse to ask her out , which he does in front of Jim . Pam responds that she is dating Jim , which leaves the new boss thoroughly embarrassed . Production The episode was the first episode of the series directed by Craig Zisk . Zisk had previously directed episodes of Nip Tuck , Weeds , Scrubs , Smallville , and The Single Guy . Dunder Mifflin Infinity was written by Michael Schur , who plays Dwight 's Amish cousin Mose . For Ryan 's new appearance this season , the writers originally had B. J. Novak grow a goatee . Show runner and executive producer Greg Daniels decided to have Novak lose the goatee , because according to Novak a goatee would make Ryan a flat out chump . And we wanted it to be more subtle . In addition to his five o 'clock shadow , Ryan was also seen wearing black clothes . Novak explained that We wanted him to dress as obnoxious as possible . As much black as possible . Dunder Mifflin Infinity went along with a website that had been created with the same name . The website was part of a game in which fans of The Office would sign up , and become employees of different branches . Members of the site would perform tasks such as design a logo for the company or make Creed look young again . Reception Dunder Mifflin Infinity received 4 . 5 11 in the ages 18 49 demographic in the Nielsen ratings . This means that 4 . 5 percent of all households with an 18 to 49 year old living in it watched the episode , and eleven percent had their televisions tuned to the channel at any point . The episode was watched by 8 . 49 million viewers . Dunder Mifflin Infinity received mixed reviews from critics , with Michael driving his car into the lake being particularly panned by critics and viewers . Entertainment Weekly 's Christine Fenno commented that she thought Michael seemed a bit more focused than usual , even competent at moments . And then he drove into a lake . Jack Rodgers , from TV Guide said that his favorite thing about this episode was the sly parallel that connects the three love stories and Michael s obsession with sticking to his old methods rather than learning to change and embrace technology . Will Leitch of New York Magazine criticized the episode , saying that Michael driving into the lake felt more like the actions of a cartoon character , than based in reality . Leitch did say that if we can get Michael out of that lake and back in a conference room with Ryan , we 'll have something .
|
2,957 | Haseeb Ahsan ( Urdu unk unk 15 July 1939 8 March 2013 ) was a Pakistani cricketer who played 12 Tests for Pakistan between 1958 and 1962 . He was born in Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . A right arm off spinner , he took 27 wickets in Test cricket at an average of 49 . 25 , including two five wicket hauls . During his first class career , he played 49 matches and took 142 wickets at an average of 27 . 71 . Former Pakistan cricketer Waqar Hasan said about him that he was a fighter to the core and served Pakistan cricket with honour and dignity . Ahsan had conflicts with former Pakistan captain Javed Burki . A controversy regarding his bowling action resulted in the premature end of his international career when he was only 23 . He worked as chief selector , team manager of Pakistan , and member of the 1987 Cricket World Cup organising committee . He died in Karachi on 8 March 2013 , aged 73 . Cricketing career Ahsan played 49 first class matches for Pakistan , Karachi , Pakistan International Airlines ( PIA ) , Rawalpindi Peshawar and other teams between 1955 and 1963 . During his first class career , he achieved five or more wickets in an innings on thirteen occasions , and ten or more wickets in a match two times . Ahsan made his first class debut for North West Frontier Province and Bahawalpur , playing his only match of the season against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1955 56 . He played three matches for Peshawar during 1956 57 with his best bowling figures came against Punjab B , taking eight for 76 . In the next season , he was more effective with the ball , taking 43 wickets in nine matches . In the same season , he achieved his best bowling figures in first class cricket , taking eight for 23 against Punjab B. During the season , Ahsan made his Test debut against the West Indies at the Kensington Oval , in the same match in which Hanif Mohammad scored 337 runs during the first match of the 1958 series between the teams , Ahsan conceded 84 runs in 21 overs without taking a wicket . He played three matches of the series and took five wickets . Ahsan took only 14 wickets in the next two first class seasons his best bowling figures were five for 51 . He was a part of the Pakistan cricket team that toured India in 1960 61 , where he played nine matches , including five Tests , and took 24 wickets at an average of 28 . 75 . During the 1960 61 season , Ahsan took 26 wickets , including six for 80 against the West Zone . In Test cricket , he was most successful against India , taking fifteen wickets at an average of 32 . 66 . His best bowling figures were six wickets for 202 , against the same team at the Nehru Stadium . During the 1961 62 and 1962 seasons , Ahsan took 28 wickets in ten matches , including a five wicket haul against Worcestershire . In the next two domestic seasons , he played eight matches and took 12 wickets , including five for 43 runs , against Sargodha cricket team while playing for PIA during the Ayub Trophy . He played his last Test at the National Stadium , Karachi , where he took two wickets conceding 64 runs . By the end of his career , Ahsan had taken 27 wickets in 12 Test matches at an average of nearly 50 , including two five wicket hauls . He made 61 runs , his highest score was 14 . Administrative career During the 1980s , Ahsan was the chief selector and manager of the Pakistan cricket team . It was he who first selected Wasim Akram for the series against New Zealand in 1984 85 . Akram described him as a powerful selector , who spotted young talent and threw them into the bigger battles . He was Technical Committee 's chairman for the 1987 Cricket World Cup and one of the members of the tournament organising committee . During the same tournament , he served as a team manager for Pakistan . In 2003 , former Pakistan Cricket Board 's ( PCB ) unk Zia appointed him as President of the Sindh Cricket Association . He was also the Ireland 's honorary Counsel General and director of the Karachi 's American Express . PCB chairman Zaka Ashraf said of Ahsan that he was not only a superb Test cricketer but also was a good administrator who intimately knew the game . He was the member of the panel that heard the appeals opposed to doping bans that were imposed on Shoaib Akhtar and Mohammad Asif . His colleagues described him that he was a perfect administrator . Personal life and controversies Ahsan was born in Peshawar , North West Frontier Province ( now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ) on 15 July 1939 , and was an Urdu speaker . He was educated at Islamia College , Peshawar . Ahsan was never married . Former Pakistan cricketer , Aftab Baloch , said Ahsan that he was a fine gentleman . He had conflicts with former Pakistan captain Javed Burki . A controversy regarding his bowling action arose during a Test match against India . This was sixth match in which he was called for throwing . He continued his bowling until the issue reappeared during Pakistan tour to England in 1962 the controversy ended his international career at the age of 23 . Death Ahsan suffered from renal failure for two years . He was on dialysis and was admitted at the Aga Khan Hospital , Karachi . President of Karachi City Cricket Association ( KCCA ) Sirajul Islam Bukhari stated about him that he fought illness with courage . He died in Karachi on 8 March 2013 at the age of 73 . Ahsan was buried at the unk graveyard . PCB chairman , chief operating officer unk Ahmad and Director General Javed Miandad condoled his death . Chief Minister of the Punjab Shahbaz Sharif expressed deep sense of grief and sorrow on his death .
|
2,958 | Flat Bastion Road is a road in Gibraltar , the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula . The road runs north south , providing views of the city and Bay of Gibraltar . Previously known in Spanish as Senda del Moro ( English Path of the Moor ) , the traditional Llanito name for the road is Cuesta de Mr. Bourne . The road angles along the west side of the Rock of Gibraltar to the Flat Bastion , a fortification . Married quarters were built along the road . In the nineteenth century there were outbreaks of yellow fever in the 1820s and of diphtheria in the 1880s among the residents , apparently due to faulty sewers . Developments included , in the 1830s a school for poor children which remained in use as a school into the early twentieth century and a club where masked balls were held . In modern times the bastion 's magazine has been refurbished for civilian use , the barracks have been converted into affordable housing , and parking has become an issue . Background Flat Bastion Road begins to the southeast of the Garrison Library , at the intersection of Prince Edward 's Road and Castle Road , north of its junction with Devil 's Gap Road . Proceeding in a southerly direction , it becomes Gardiner 's Road as it passes through Charles V Wall , just before it reaches Europa Road . The road runs along the west side of the Rock of Gibraltar , leading to the Flat Bastion fortification . The original Flat Bastion , then called Baluarte de Santiago ( Santiago 's Bastion ) , was built by the Spanish some time between 1565 and 1627 . It may have been designed by Daniel Specklin . It was one of the fortifications along the Charles V Wall that protected the new Africa Gate . The Flat Bastion Magazine within the Bastion was once a point where immense quantities of gunpowder were stored . It was threatened by a fire in 1874 that swept through the long grass and other vegetation of the south districts of the colony and reached Charles V 's wall before burning out . History Conditions were unsanitary in the 19th century . The road is mentioned in 1828 when there was an outbreak of yellow fever in Gibraltar . A French medical commission visited the colony and documented their findings on the spread of the epidemic . Many of the reported cases were in houses on Flat Bastion Road . By September most of the houses on the road were infected . A sanitary sewer that ran parallel to the road was suspected . One source said it did not emit any excessive odours that seemed out of the normal . However , the French commission said that the sewer outside at least one of the houses in the road emitted a very bad smell ( une trs unk unk ) . A report of 1 September 1828 described Wilson 's Buildings , two wooden sheds on the road to Flat Bastion , as decidedly inimical to the health of any persons who may inhabit them . Families living on the road in 1828 included those of Josepha unk , Jose Nuez , the financier Grellet , the family of Thomas Gum , and the family of Michaela Medina . In 1832 the Gibraltar Public School , a free English language establishment for poor children , was set up in a government owned building on Flat Bastion Road . Funded by the contributions of wealthy people in the colony , it was open to children of all faiths . By 1833 , there were 181 boys and 99 girls at the school . After boys were excluded in 1897 , it continued as a school for girls into the early 20th century . An 1883 Sanitary Order in Council aimed at reducing health risks defined Flat Bastion Road as one of the boundaries of the streets , ramps , roads , lanes , passages , alleys , stairs and public places within which the new regulations would apply . The Army Medical Department reported in 1889 that several cases of diphtheria had occurred in the married quarters on Flat Bastion Road . It turned out that the rainwater pipes from the roof were cracked . The pipes were connected directly to the sewer , and sewer gas was escaping into the rooms . The road was depicted in an article on the colony that appeared in 1885 in Frank Leslie 's Popular Monthly , a New York based magazine , in a pastiche of ink drawings that also depict unk Bay ( Catalan Bay ) , Waterport Gate , the signal station and the rock from the Spanish lines . A donkey is depicted in the foreground . Jeanie Conan depicted the picturesque road in a watercolour titled Flat Bastion Rd . Gibraltar in 1888 . A visitor noted that the Ladysmith club on the Flat Bastion Road was holding masquerades in its salons , while elsewhere the Salvation Army was preaching and parading signs with advice from the gospels . Modern times During the 1970 census , residents on the road were counted as part of the unk Ramp enumeration area . The magazine is now a geological research facility and exhibition centre involved with the lithology of Gibraltar . The barracks , north of the bastion on Flat Bastion Road , have been renovated and converted into affordable residential housing . The Flat Bastion barracks redevelopment project started by 2007 , and was completed about 2010 . The development has been renamed Flat Bastion Mews . Communal gardens for the new housing were established at that time . The two bedroom apartments also included allocated parking . The government 's Traffic , Parking and Transport Plan issued in 2009 , mentions a parking project for Flat Bastion Road under which 104 parking spots were to be added . In 2010 there was public criticism about the lack of parking on the road as the government had removed existing parking before constructing the new parking spaces . Gallery
|
2,959 | The Brazilian monitor Alagoas was the third ship of the Par class river monitors built for the Brazilian Navy during the Paraguayan War in the late 1860s . Alagoas participated in the Passagem de Humait in February 1868 and provided fire support for the army for the rest of the war . The ship was assigned to the Upper Uruguay ( Portuguese Alto Uruguai ) Flotilla after the war . Alagoas was transferred to Rio de Janeiro in the 1890s and participated in the Fleet Revolt of 1893 94 . The ship was scrapped in 1900 . Design and description The Par class monitors were designed to meet the need of the Brazilian Navy for small , shallow draft armored ships capable of withstanding heavy fire . The monitor configuration was chosen as a turreted design did not have the same problems engaging enemy ships and fortifications as did the casemate ironclads already in Brazilian service . The oblong gun turret sat on a circular platform that had a central pivot . It was rotated by four men via a system of gears 2 . 25 minutes were required for a full 360 rotation . A bronze ram was fitted to these ships as well . The hull was sheathed with Muntz metal to reduce biofouling . The ships measured 39 meters ( 127 ft 11 in ) long overall , with a beam of 8 . 54 meters ( 28 ft 0 in ) . They had a draft between of 1 . 51 1 . 54 meters ( 4 ft 11 in 5 ft 1 in ) and displaced 500 metric tons ( 490 long tons ) . With only 0 . 3 meters ( 1 ft 0 in ) of freeboard they had to be towed between Rio de Janeiro and their area of operations . Their crew numbered 43 officers and men . Propulsion The Par class ships had two direct acting steam engines , each driving a single 1 . 3 meter ( 4 ft 3 in ) propeller . Their engines were powered by two tubular boilers at a working pressure of 59 psi ( 407 kPa 4 kgf cm2 ) . The engines produced a total of 180 indicated horsepower ( 130 kW ) which gave the monitors a maximum speed of 8 knots ( 15 km h 9 . 2 mph ) in calm waters . The ships carried enough coal for one day 's steaming . Armament Alagoas carried a single 70 pounder Whitworth rifled muzzle loader ( RML ) in her gun turret . The 70 pounder gun had a maximum elevation of 15 . It had a maximum range of 5 , 540 meters ( 6 , 060 yd ) . The 70 pounder gun weighed 8 , 582 pounds ( 3 , 892 . 7 kg ) and fired a 5 . 5 inch ( 140 mm ) shell that weighed 81 pounds ( 36 . 7 kg ) . Most unusually the gun 's Brazilian designed iron carriage was designed to pivot vertically at the muzzle this was done to minimize the size of the gunport through which splinters and shells could enter . Armor The hull of the Par class ships was made from three layers of wood that alternated in orientation . It was 457 millimeters ( 18 . 0 in ) thick and was capped with a 102 millimeter ( 4 in ) layer of peroba hardwood . The ships had a complete wrought iron waterline belt , 0 . 91 meters ( 3 . 0 ft ) high . It had a maximum thickness of 102 millimeters amidships , decreasing to 76 millimeters ( 3 in ) and 51 millimeters ( 2 in ) at the ship 's ends . The curved deck was armored with 12 . 7 millimeters ( 0 . 5 in ) of wrought iron . The gun turret was shaped like a rectangle with rounded corners . It was built much like the hull , but the front of the turret was protected by 152 millimeters ( 6 in ) of armor , the sides by 102 millimeters and the rear by 76 millimeters . Its roof and the exposed portions of the platform it rested upon were protected by 12 . 7 millimeters of armor . The armored pilothouse was positioned ahead of the turret . Service Alagoas was laid down at the Arsenal de Marinha da Crte in Rio de Janeiro on 8 December 1866 , during the Paraguayan War , which saw Argentina and Brazil allied against Paraguay . She was launched on 29 October 1867 and completed in November 1867 . She arrived on the Paran River in January 1868 , although her passage further north was barred by the Paraguayan fortifications at Humait . On 19 February 1868 , six Brazilian ironclads , including Alagoas , steamed past Humait at night . Alagoas and her two sister ships , Rio Grande and Par were lashed to the larger ironclads in case any engines were disabled by the Paraguayan guns . Barroso led with Rio Grande , followed by Bahia with Alagoas and Tamandar with Par . The cable tying Alagoas to Bahia was severed by Paraguayan shells and the monitor drifted down below the guns . The commander of the Alagoas was ordered not to attempt to pass the guns during daylight , but disregarded this order and successfully rendezvoused with the rest of the squadron upstream of the fortifications . Both Alagoas , which had taken an estimated 200 hits , and Par had to be beached after passing the fortress to prevent them from sinking . Alagoas was under repair at So Jos do Cerrito until mid March . Accompanied by Tamandar , Alagoas bombarded and destroyed the Paraguayan artillery battery at Timb , upstream of unk , on 23 March . The monitor bombarded artillery positions defending the Tebicuary River in July and again in August . On 15 October she bombarded Angostura Fort , south of Asuncin , in company with Brasil , Silvado , Par and her sister Cear . After the war Alagoas was assigned to the newly formed Alto Uruguai Flotilla , based at unk . In the 1880s the ship 's armament was reinforced with a pair of 11 millimeter ( 0 . 43 in ) machine guns . Alagoas was transferred to Rio de Janeiro in the 1890s and joined the rebels in the Fleet Revolt of 1893 94 . Her engines had been removed by this point and she had to be towed into position to fire on the government forts . She was scrapped in 1900 .
|
2,960 | The Sinclair Executive was the world 's first slimline pocket calculator , and the first to be produced by Clive Sinclair 's company Sinclair Radionics . Introduced in 1972 , there were at least two different versions of the Sinclair Executive , with different keyboard markings , and another called the Sinclair Executive Memory , introduced in 1973 . Its small size was made possible by pulsing the current to the Texas Instruments integrated circuit , reducing the power consumption by a factor of more than 10 . The Executive was highly successful , making GB 1 . 8 million of profit for Sinclair and winning a Design Council Award for Electronics . History The Executive was launched in September 1972 at the price of GB 79 . 95 plus VAT , equivalent to 950 in 2015 when adjusted for inflation . This was around half the price of comparable calculators , but still twice the average weekly wage . It was the first pocket calculator , and the first to be mass produced , and its introduction to the market coincided with a number of other companies entering the calculator market . Clive Sinclair , reckoning that the market for executive toys was not especially sensitive to price , ordered components for 100 , 000 calculators . The Executive was highly successful , and made 1 . 8 million pounds profit for Sinclair Radionics . It was well received by both domestic and foreign markets , and US 1 . 5 million worth of Executives were sold in Japan in early 1974 at six times the price of Japanese models . The parts , consisting of the TI 1802 chip , 22 transistors , 50 resistors and 17 capacitors , cost close to GB 10 , compared with a sale price of close to GB 80 . The Executive impressed the engineers at Texas Instruments , who had used the same chip to produce a longer and wider calculator that was over three times as thick and a great deal more expensive . In 1974 , sales of the Executive were greater than GB 2 . 5 million , and Sinclair was producing 100 , 000 calculators each month , of which 55 were exported . A Sinclair Executive purchased by a Russian diplomat exploded in his breast pocket , allegedly leading to an official Soviet investigation . It was found that it had been left on by accident , leading to a current drain on the batteries that overheated them until they burst . Design It was significantly smaller than any of its competitors , and the first calculator that could easily be carried in a pocket . According to a Sinclair executive quoted in the Financial Times , one must always bear a packet of cigarettes in mind as the ideal size , possibly a quip on Clive Sinclair 's smoking habit . The Executive weighed 2 . 5 ounces ( 71 g ) and measured 56 by 138 by 9 millimetres ( 2 . 20 in 5 . 43 in 0 . 35 in ) . The case , designed by Richard Torrens and made of black injection moulded polycarbonate , required flexible glue to hold the two halves together . Design Magazine described it as at once a conversation piece , a rich man 's plaything and a functional business machine . An example of the calculator is displayed at the Museum of Modern Art in New York , and the futuristic design earned it the Design Council Award for Electronics in 1973 . It was the first calculator designed to appeal to people because of its looks , and New Scientist described it as not so much a professional calculator more a piece of personal jewellery . Functions As well as four function arithmetic , the Executive had the ability to compute squares , reciprocals , and multiply or divide by a fixed constant . The Executive could carry out sums to two , four or six decimal places , or use a floating decimal point . Chip The calculator was powered by a Texas Instruments GLS 1802 , a metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuit with 7000 transistors . A chip of this kind normally consumes 350 milliwatts , but by pulsing the power this requirement was reduced to 20 milliwatts . It was discovered that an early prototype continued to work if the batteries were disconnected and then reapplied quickly enough , as the capacitors in the circuit could hold a charge for up to five seconds . Power is supplied to the chip in 1 . 7 microsecond pulses as determined by the storage time of a control transistor . An oscillator clock operating at 200 kilohertz during calculations and dropping to 15 kilohertz between each operation means shut off time ranges from 3 . 3 microseconds during calculations to over 65 microseconds between . The device relies on the capacitance of the chips to store information when there is no power , and 1 . 7 microseconds proved sufficient for the chip to carry out a single change of state of the electronics . Any calculation can be done in 1000 such changes . This had the effect of extending battery life to about 20 hours of continuous use with three small hearing aid batteries , equivalent to about four months of normal usage . Screen The screen on the Executive was a monolithic seven segment gallium arsenide light emitting diode display , bought from a Canadian firm . Its small size reduced the power consumption and material cost , but it was still changed several times in pursuit of lower power consumption , creating issues with the reliability . Executive Memory The Executive Memory was launched in November 1973 , with the same physical dimensions as the original , but with the ability to memorise unk from any number of chain calculations . There were at least 3 versions , including the black and white Type 1 , and the Type 2 with a gold keyboard . The Executive Memory sold at the lower price of GB 24 . 95 .
|
2,961 | U.S. Route 1 Business ( US 1 Bus . ) is a four lane surface road that provides an alternate route to the Trenton Freeway ( US 1 ) northeast of Trenton in Mercer County , New Jersey . The route is 2 . 73 mi ( 4 . 39 km ) long and runs between US 1 in Trenton and Lawrence Township . On the border of Trenton and Lawrence Township , US 1 Bus. intersects the northbound direction of US 206 at the Brunswick Circle . The route was once part of a longer U.S. Route 1 Alternate ( US 1 Alt . ) , which continued southwest through downtown Trenton and into Morrisville , Pennsylvania . The old US 1 Alt. in Trenton is now signed by the New Jersey Department of Transportation as part of US 1 Bus . , despite not being officially recognized as such . Signage in Pennsylvania no longer exists most of the former US 1 Alternate is now part of Pennsylvania Route 32 ( PA 32 ) . US 1 Alt. was created in 1953 after US 1 was moved to a freeway between Morrisville and the Brunswick Circle . By the 1980s , when the Trenton Freeway was extended to its current terminus , US 1 Bus. was created onto its current alignment and US 1 Alt. was removed through Trenton and Morrisville . Route description US 1 Bus. begins at a split from the median of the US 1 freeway in Trenton , having access to and from the south along US 1 . The road heads north as a four lane divided highway before making a turn to the northwest . The route becomes four lane undivided Strawberry Street and passes through residential areas . At the border of Lawrence Township and Trenton , the road enters the Brunswick Circle , where it junctions with northbound US 206 and CR 645 . At the circle , the route turns northeast onto a four lane divided highway known locally as Brunswick Pike ( originally the Trenton New Brunswick Turnpike ) and enters Lawrence Township . The road runs through residential and commercial areas and passes Colonial Lake , with a few intersections controlled by jughandles . US 1 Bus. has an intersection with CR 616 , which heads east to provide access to US 1 . Further to the northeast , the settings become more commercial before US 1 Bus. merges into northbound US 1 at the northeast end of the Trenton Freeway . Despite the official route beginning at US 1 near the Brunswick Circle , signage has US 1 Bus. begin at the Lower Trenton Bridge over the Delaware River , just north of the Trenton Morrisville Toll Bridge ( US 1 ) . The continuation into Pennsylvania is State Route 2060 to the PA 32 intersection in Morrisville . From the bridge , US 1 Bus. signage heads northeast on Bridge Street , with the road curving north onto Warren Street into downtown Trenton . At Livingston Street , the road becomes a one way pair following Warren Street southbound and Broad Street northbound , concurrent with US 206 . At the south end of Route 31 , the one way pair becomes Brunswick Avenue northbound and Martin Luther King Jr . Boulevard southbound , heading northeast . These two roads are two way , but carry only one direction of US 1 Bus . US 206 . The one way pair continues to the Brunswick Circle , where the official US 1 Bus. continues north . Strawberry Street is signed to US 1 south from the circle , and as US 1 Business north from US 1 . Southbound US 1 Bus. leaves the circle with US 206 southbound on Brunswick Circle Extension , merging with Princeton Avenue ( CR 583 ) . Officially , Brunswick Circle Extension is CR 645 and US 206 southbound bypasses the circle via Princeton Avenue , but all signage points US 206 through the circle . Northbound US 1 Business and US 206 simply enter the circle from Brunswick Avenue . History What is now US 1 Bus. north of the Brunswick Circle was chartered as part of the Trenton and New Brunswick Turnpike in 1803 . This turnpike became a public road in 1903 . In 1926 , the U.S. Highway System was created and US 1 was designated to run through the Trenton area from the Lower Trenton Bridge north to Pre 1927 Route 13 , which it followed to New Brunswick . In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering , pre 1927 Route 13 became Route 27 and the Trenton and New Brunswick Turnpike , which ran parallel to pre 1927 Route 13 in Trenton , became Route 26 . By the 1930s , US 1 was rerouted to follow Route 26 between Trenton and New Brunswick , with US 206 being designated along Route 27 in Trenton . In December 1952 , the Trenton Morrisville Toll Bridge and its approaches opened , which included the Trenton Freeway between the Delaware River and the Brunswick Circle . US 1 was rerouted onto the new bridge and the Trenton Freeway . In the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering that occurred a month later , the Route 26 and Route 27 designations were removed through Trenton . In addition , US 1 Alt. was designated onto the former US 1 in Morrisville and Trenton , running from US 1 on the western end of Morrisville and over the Lower Trenton Bridge into Trenton , where it continued northeast to US 1 at the Brunswick Circle . By the 1980s , an extension of the Trenton Freeway had been completed to Lawrence Township . US 1 was rerouted to this freeway and US 1 Bus. was designated onto the former US 1 between the freeway s north end and the interchange at Strawberry Street . The US 1 Alt. designation through Trenton and Morrisville was officially removed . Most of the route in Trenton is now only officially a part of US 206 , despite being signed as US 1 Bus . The former US 1 Alt. in Morrisville became State Route 2060 from the Lower Trenton Bridge to PA 32 and a southern extension of PA 32 south of there . Major intersections The entire route is in Mercer County .
|
2,962 | Cougars is the seventh episode of the second season of 30 Rock , and the twenty eighth episode overall . It was written by co executive producer John Riggi and directed by Michael Engler . Guest stars in this episode include Laura Berrios , Kevin Brown , Grizz Chapman , Val Emmich , Alan H. Green , Ian Hyland , John Lutz , Sean Moran , Maulik Pancholy , Ralph Peavy , Greg unk , Blake Tyler Benitez and Mark Viera . In this episode , Liz Lemon ( played by Tina Fey ) goes on a date with a young , twenty year old coffee delivery man named Jamie ( Val Emmich ) . The date gets awkward due to the seventeen year age difference between Liz and Jamie . This feeling escalates when Liz meets Jamie 's mother ( Laura Berrios ) . Jenna Maroney ( Jane Krakowski ) gets a younger boyfriend of her own . Frank Rossitano ( Judah Friedlander ) develops a crush on Jamie . Meanwhile , Jack Donaghy ( Alec Baldwin ) helps Tracy Jordan ( Tracy Morgan ) to coach a Little League Baseball team . Plot Liz develops a crush on Jamie , the new twenty year old coffee delivery man , and after some initial hesitation , she agrees to go on a date with him . Before the date , Liz gets cold feet , but she is encouraged to attend by Jenna , who declares Liz a cougar , a term describing hot older ladies pouncing on their young prey . Liz agrees and goes on a successful date with Jamie the pair agree to go on a second date . Prior to this second date , Liz goes to Jamie 's apartment only to discover that Jamie still lives with his mother , who looks exactly like Liz . Frank begins to question his sexuality when he realizes that he has a crush on Jamie . He even tries to , unsuccessfully , rival Liz to go on a date with Jamie . Later , Frank realizes that the only man he is attracted to is Jamie and decides that he is in fact not gay . In order to become a cougar herself , Jenna starts to date Aidan , a teenage freshmen at New York University . Jenna breaks up with Aidan when he starts to annoy her by wearing unk and playing portable video games and acting like Jenna is his mother . Tracy is ordered to do community service in the form of coaching the Knuckle Beach Little League Baseball Team . Knuckle Beach happens to be the worst neighborhood in New York . Hoping to inspire the team , Jack agrees to help Tracy and he donates uniforms to the team on behalf of the Sheinhardt Wig Company which is NBC 's fictitious parent company . Jack replaces Tracy with Kenneth Parcell ( Jack McBrayer ) because he realizes that even with the newfound inspiration from both Jack and Tracy , the team is still failing . The team begins to revolt when they find out that Tracy has been fired . To counter this , Jack forms a coalition with Tracy and they replace members of the team with Grizz and Dot Com ( Grizz Chapman and Kevin Brown ) . Production Scenes for this episodes were primarily filmed on October 5 , 2007 at Silvercup Studios in Long Island City , Queens , New York . During the commercial breaks in this episode , commercials for American Express were aired featuring 30 Rock cast members , who were in character . These commercials featured Kenneth giving out Secret Rodney Christmas gifts to various other 30 Rock characters . The commercials were aired in order to deter viewers , who were viewing the episode with Digital Video Recorders , from fast forwarding through the commercial break . The title of this episode , Cougars , refers to a phrase from pop culture . The word cougar means an older women who date younger men . In the episode , Jenna calls both herself and Liz cougars due to them both dating younger men . While speaking about his appearance on 30 Rock , Val Emmich , who played Jamie in this episode , said that he was initially intimidated by Tina Fey more than anyone else he 'd acted alongside . When asked if acting with Fey on 30 Rock taught him anything , he replied that he learnt that normal people can be in this business . He described Fey as witty , smart and sexy . Reception Cougars was watched by 5 . 8 million viewers and it received a 2 . 5 rating and a 6 share in the 18 49 demographic . The 2 . 5 refers to 2 . 5 of all 18 to 49 year olds in the U.S. , and the 6 refers to 6 of all 18 to 49 year olds watching television in the U.S. at the time of the broadcast . The episode ranked in first place , among men aged between 18 34 , against all television being broadcast in the same timeslot . By comparison , CBS 's Survivor China was watched by 13 . 8 million viewers , a repeat of ABC 's Ugly Betty was viewed by 6 . 5 million viewers and Fox 's Are You Smarter Than A 5th Grader was watched by 9 . 0 million viewers . Bob Sassone of TV Squad felt that the best storyline was the one featuring Tracy and Jack because of the Bush Iraq metaphors and the sight of Alec Baldwin dressed as General MacArthur , standing beneath a ' Fun Accomplished ' sign . Robert Canning of IGN thought that the best storyline of the episode was centered on Liz and Jamie , and rated the episode 8 out of 10 . Matt Webb Mitovich of TV Guide wrote that this episode had so many fun lines , and found himself giggling , chuckling and unk like a fool . He liked the ' cougars ' storyline , saying it was a lot of fun , because Liz is best when Liz is feeling awkward . Jeff Labrecque of Entertainment Weekly wrote that Jenna 's Amber Alert affair with the soda drinking , Heelys gliding teenager was priceless . He also compared the interplay between Frank and Jamie to the relationship between Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) and Ryan Howard ( B. J. Novak ) of The Office .
|
2,963 | Weaves is the debut extended play of Canadian indie pop group Weaves , consisting of vocalist Jasmyn Burke , guitarist Morgan Waters , drummer Spencer Cole and bassist Zach unk . Two thirds of the record were produced by Waters with unk , the other third produced by David Newfeld . Praised by music journalists for its varied style and Burke 's vocal performance , Weaves combines elements of high quality recording common in pop music with lo fi noise music styles to create a disgusting yet catchy feel . Released for streaming on March 26 , 2014 and in stores on April 1 , 2014 by Buzz Records , the EP was promoted with four singles ( Hulahoop , Motorcycle , Take A Dip and Buttercup ) , with music videos for the latter three , a two month tour and a remix record . Weaves was ranked number eight on Popmatters ' list of best indie rock albums of 2014 . Production and composition Jasmyn Burke and Morgan Waters , who first met each other in a bar , started Weaves in 2012 when the two made demo songs based on files of song ideas Burke recorded on her iPhone . In 2013 , bassist Zach unk and drummer Spencer Cole joined the project and started recording their self titled debut EP immediately after . Motorcycle , Take A Dip , Do You See Past and Hulahoop were produced by Waters in his bedroom using unk , while Buttercup and Closer was produced by David Newfeld in his church studio of unk North . Waters described Newfeld 's production contributions as music lessons and artist lessons in a way , given that he knew what he was making . He also said , That open mindedness and visibility to capture what happens in the moment and allow mistakes and encourage them brings you out of your comfort zone . The indie pop album combines elements of high quality recording common in pop music with lo fi noise music styles , leading to a complicated sound of bombast and confusion and a feel of the tracks being disgusting yet catchy as the band described . Now 's Carla Gillis gave style descriptions such as soul grunge and sludge pop to label this sound . Elements from a big number of genres are present on Weaves , such as neo pop , R B , soul , art rock , and psychedelic music . The lyrics on the songs are filled with sexual innuendo such as Won 't you ride my motorcycle Take a ride , which Gillis wrote can turn into both amusing nah nah nah insolence and wailing , dead serious desperation on a dime . Promotion Four songs were released as singles before Weaves was issued Hulahoop on April 30 , 2013 , Motorcycle on July 23 , 2013 , Take A Dip on September 23 , 2013 , and Buttercup on February 18 , 2014 . Take a Tip was a premiere by Spin magazine . The blog unk premiered Weaves for streaming on March 26 , 2014 . A tour in Ontario and New York promoting the EP last from April 10 to June 22 , 2014 . On July 21 , 2014 , Noisey premiered the remix EP for Weaves , which features a re edit of Hulahoop by Bram Gielen . The video for the remix was released by Chart Attack on July 29 , 2014 , and in the video , Burke drinks from straw glasses , waves torches and sparklers and performs some lounging , laconic dance moves . On August 12 , 2013 , a music video for the song Motorcycle was released . Chart Attack noted the video 's weird , wrong handed sketches , which divert from the Badlands 4 Kidz plot with lots of delightful non unk cutaways to make it a junky feast for your rapidly deteriorating attention span . On March 24 , 2014 , Rookie magazine premiered the video for Buttercup . The unk , crazy look of the video is meant to match the pretty looking yet poisonous aspect of a buttercup , a flower the song is named after . Both videos were directed and created by Jason Harvey , who Waters described as a really talented guy with his own strong voice . On October 15 , 2013 , the video for Take a Dip was released it depicts Burke dressed in a white colored shawl in a dark lit church . The other band members appear near the end of the video , where she grates unk cheese onto their heads as they bow to her . Critical reception Response towards Weaves from music journalists upon release was generally favorable . Critics from publications like Exclaim and Noisey praises included the record 's combination of numerous musical styles to the point where the overall genre the EP could be labeled its own category or could be very hard to pin point . Noisey said that the EP experiments and dips across genre lines in a balancing act between of laxity and concentration , without all of the pretension and exclusivity that normally accompanies a buzzing indie band . A more mixed review came from Liz Fox of Popmatters , finding most of the aspects of Weaves typical of indie music released in the previous fifteen years but praising Burke 's sultry vocal performance that improve the elaborate backdrop , allowing for some simplicity among the chaos . Now called the EP an excellent introduction for new fans , writing that its only downfall was the track Do You See Past due to its more sophisticated , less interesting electro pop sound . In a list by another Popmatters journalist of the best indie rock albums of 2014 , Weaves ranked number eight . Track listing All songs written and composed by Jasmyn Burke and Morgan Waters . Credits and personnel Credits adapted from liner notes of Weaves . Locations Produced , mixed and engineered at unk North ( unknown location ) , also engineered at Candle Recording in Toronto , Ontario and Echo Valley ( unknown location ) Credits Release history
|
2,964 | The 34th Boat Race took place on 24 March 1877 . The Boat Race is an annual side by side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames . The race ended in a dead heat , the first and only time the event has ended in such a fashion . Despite the formal declaration of a tie , Oxford believed that they were the victors . The controversy surrounding the result led to significant changes to the way in which the race was conducted including the introduction of finishing posts and former Blues as umpires . Background The Boat Race is a side by side rowing competition between the University of Oxford ( sometimes referred to as the Dark Blues ) and the University of Cambridge ( sometimes referred to as the Light Blues ) . The race was first held in 1829 , and since 1845 has taken place on the 4 . 2 mile ( 6 . 8 km ) Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London . The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities it is followed throughout the United Kingdom and , as of 2014 , broadcast worldwide . Cambridge went into the race as reigning champions , having beaten Oxford easily in the previous year 's race . However Oxford held the overall lead , with 17 victories to Cambridge 's 16 . Oxford were coached by Reverend William Sherwood ( who rowed for Oxford in the 1873 and 1874 races ) and Edmund Warre ( who represented the Dark Blues in the 1857 and the 1858 races ) . Cambridge 's coach was James Brooks Close ( who rowed for the Light Blues in the 1872 , 1873 and 1874 races ) . Cambridge had practised at Putney a fortnight before the race and were initially the bookmaker 's clear favourites . Oxford 's practice rows a week later impressed and brought them back into contention . The race was umpired by Joseph William Chitty who had rowed for Oxford twice in 1849 ( in the March and December races ) and the 1852 race , while the starter was Edward Searle . Chitty was assisted by Honest John Phelps who acted as the finishing judge . Phelps , a professional waterman , was over 70 years old and reportedly blind in one eye . Crews The Oxford crew weighed an average of 12 st 3 . 875 lb ( 77 . 8 kg ) , 4 . 125 pounds ( 1 . 9 kg ) more than their opponents . The Cambridge crew featured seven former Blues , including the cox George Latham Davies and number four William Brooks Close , both of whom were participating in their third Boat Races . Oxford saw four Blues return J. M. Boustead , Tom Cottingham Edwards Moss and H. J. Stayner and H. P. Marriott , all of whom had rowed in the previous two races . Race The race started on Saturday 24 March 1877 at 8 27 a.m. Oxford had won the toss and elected to start from the Middlesex station , handing the Surrey side of the river to Cambridge . The Dark Blues took an early lead and were ahead at the Mile Post , but by the Crab Tree pub , the crews were level . Cambridge pulled ahead and held a quarter of a length lead by Hammersmith Bridge which they extended until the crews arrived at Chiswick Reach where Oxford re took the lead . At Chiswick Steps the Dark Blues were leading by half a length , and by Barnes Bridge they were clear . Experiencing strong head winds and rough water , Cowles , the Oxford bow man , suffered serious damage to his oar , nullifying further contribution to the race . Described by an Oxford undergraduate watching the race suddenly Oxford staggered and stood still in a mass of foam the bow oar , Cowles , had struck the top of a big wave in feathering and broken his blade clean off . Almost immediately , Cambridge took the advantage , but were held off by a determined Oxford crew who spurted magnificently and drew up steadily inch by inch , so that it was a near thing as they passed the post . Reaction In the Official Centenary History it was noted that it is too perhaps too much to expect , even from the stoical discipline of old Blues , a unanimous acquiescence in a verdict of dead heat , for no conclusion could be more unsatisfactory to the competitors themselves . Oxford firmly believed that they had won the race by feet , but following a subsequent meeting in a law court with representatives of both universities and the umpire Chitty , the official result was declared as Dead Heat . Punch declared Oxford won , Cambridge too . W. W. Rouse Ball , a Fellow of Trinity College , Cambridge , writing in A History of The First Trinity Boat Club suggested that the broken oar was the deciding factor ... but for this Oxford would have won . A correspondent writing in The Sydney Mail said both teams should consider themselves lucky that they did not lose , and speculated that the race would be looked back as the great gooseberry year . Legacy This was the last year that the result was judged by a professional waterman and the controversy resulted in the introduction of the finishing posts . They remain , as of 2014 , 113 metres ( 371 ft ) downstream of Chiswick Bridge and are engraved with unk for University Boat Race . The controversy also led to the selection of a former Blue as the umpire , selected by one university from a shortlist drawn up from the other , and alternating each year . Phelps himself was replaced as finishing judge by E. H. unk . Phelps died on 5 December 1890 . His great great great great nephew Richard Phelps umpired the 2014 race which also ended controversially Cambridge lost five strokes after a clash of oars , Oxford won by 11 lengths ( the biggest margin for more than 40 years ) and Phelps declined an appeal from the Light Blues for a re row .
|
2,965 | Francis Clarence McGee , ( November 4 , 1882 September 16 , 1916 ) was an ice hockey player during the early days of hockey for the Ottawa Hockey Club , nicknamed the Silver Seven . Though blind in one eye , McGee was a legendary player of his era , and known as a prolific scorer . He once scored 14 goals in a Stanley Cup game and eight times scored five or more . Despite a brief senior career only 45 games over four seasons he led the Silver Seven in its reign as Stanley Cup champions during this time ( 1903 06 ) , playing both centre and rover . During World War I , he enlisted in the Canadian Army and died in battle in France . When the Hockey Hall of Fame was founded in 1945 , McGee was one of the original nine inductees . Personal life Frank McGee came from a prominent Canadian family . His late uncle , Thomas D 'Arcy McGee , had been a Father of Confederation . His father , John Joseph McGee , was clerk of the Privy Council ( considered the top civil servant position ) . Frank was one of nine children born to John Joseph McGee and Elizabeth Crotty . Frank had five brothers and three sisters , Thomas D 'Arcy , Jim , John , Walter , Charles , Katharine , Mary and Lillian . His brother Jim was also a noted athlete in football and ice hockey before dying in a horse riding accident in May 1904 . Charles , like Frank , also died in World War I. After his education in Ottawa , McGee worked for the Canadian government Department of Indian Affairs , but he had a passion for sports and played lacrosse and rugby and excelled at ice hockey . While playing half back for his rugby team , Ottawa City , he was a member of the team that won the Canadian championship in 1898 . He played for the Ottawa Hockey Club from 1902 until 1906 . He enlisted in the military and fought in World War I for the 43rd Regiment ( Duke of Cornwall s Own Rifles ) as a lieutenant in the 21st Infantry Battalion , starting in May 1915 . That December he suffered a knee injury , and was sent to England to recover . He was given the choice of a posting in Le Havre away from the action , but chose to return to his battalion at the front . He returned to the 21st Battalion in August 1916 for the Battle of the Somme and was killed in action on September 16 , 1916 near Courcelette , France . His body was never recovered . His brother Charles died in action in May 1915 . It is not known how McGee was allowed into the army with sight in only one eye . In his certificate of examination , the medical officer wrote that McGee could see the required distance with either eye . According to McGee 's nephew , Frank Charles McGee , his uncle tricked the doctor . When he was asked to cover one eye and read the chart he covered his blind eye , and when required to cover the other eye he switched hands instead of eyes . His medical history only lists good for his vision . Hockey career On March 21 , 1900 , the young and promising McGee lost use of an eye during an amateur game for a local Canadian Pacific Railway team from a lifted puck . He retired from playing , becoming a referee . By 1903 , he missed playing the sport so much that he joined the Ottawas despite the risk of permanent blindness . McGee was the youngest member of the team and stood only five feet six inches tall in a brutal sport regardless , he excelled . McGee was considered an outstanding playmaker and deadly scorer . He scored two goals in his first game with Ottawa . On a number of occasions , he scored several goals in a single game , the most famous being his 14 goal effort in a 23 2 victory over the team from Dawson City , on January 16 , 1905 . Those 14 goals , which included eight consecutive goals scored in less than nine minutes , remain to this day the most goals scored by a single player in a Stanley Cup hockey game , and has not been surpassed in any professional match . It was the most lopsided playoff game in Stanley Cup history . He scored five or more goals in eight other senior matches his highest single game total in regular season play was eight on March 3 , 1906 against the Montreal Hockey Club . His linemates included future Hall of Famers Alf Smith , Harry Westwick , Billy Gilmour and Tommy Smith . Frank Patrick , a contemporary of McGee 's and like him a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame , described McGee He was even better than they say he was . He had everything speed , stickhandling , scoring ability and was a punishing checker . He was strongly built but beautifully proportioned and he had an almost animal rhythm . After Ottawa lost the Stanley Cup to the Montreal Wanderers in 1906 , McGee retired at just 23 years old . His retirement is attributed to his government position not allowing him to travel . He had briefly retired after his brother Jim 's death in 1904 . McGee retired after scoring 135 goals in only 45 games ( both league and challenge ) . Only Russell Bowie rivals his average of 3 goals per game . McGee was one of the original players inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame at its founding in 1945 . Five years later , a poll of sports editors of Canadian newspapers selected the Silver Seven as the country s outstanding team in the first half of the 20th century . In 1966 , he was inducted into the Ottawa Sports Hall of Fame . Career statistics Regular season and playoffs Records Stanley Cup Finals records Most goals in playoffs 63 in 22 playoff games Most goals in one playoff series 15 in two games in 1905 at Ottawa versus Dawson City . Most goals , one playoff game 14 , January 16 , 1905 at Ottawa versus Dawson City . Source Diamond ( 2000 ) , p . 91
|
2,966 | Zou Bisou Bisou ( also performed as Zoo Be Zoo Be Zoo ) is a song written by Bill Shepherd and Alan Tew , and Michel unk for the lyrics of the French version . The song 's origins stem from the Y y movement with which an early version of the song was associated . Its theme is variously described as an open declaration of love and the joy of kissing . Zou Bisou Bisou was Gillian Hills ' first single in the summer of 1960 . A French recording titled Zoo Be Zoo Be Zoo was produced by George Martin and sung in English by Sophia Loren . Although most sources associate the origins of the song with Hills , New York claims that the songwriting credits make it more likely that Loren 's version was the original . Slate 's David Haglund notes that Hills ' version is the best known of the early recordings . It was performed by Jessica Par as Megan Draper in the first episode of the fifth season of Mad Men on March 26 , 2012 . The morning after its on air performance on AMC , the song was released as a music download and as a vinyl special edition . Par 's on air performance of the song was lip synced to a prior recording . Versions Amazon.com sells music downloads of nine versions of the song but not Par 's . They carry the Hills version from Twistin ' The Rock Vol . 9 , the Casabianca version from Les Chansons de ma jeunesse , three different remixes of the song by Bart Baker featuring Lada unk from the Zou Bisou Bisou extended play , two versions by Loren by the name Zoo Be Zoo Be Zoo from Pete Sophia , and a karaoke version . Additionally , they carry a cha cha version by Gilles unk , from Ca unk En Gironde under the title Bisou Zou Bisou . Background and production Martin 's production of Zoo Be Zoo Be Zoo was originally recorded by Sophia Loren as publicity associated with the film The Millionairess ( 1960 ) on the album Peter and Sophia . Several sources , including a posting at AMC 's website , state that Hills did not produce her version , with unk 's lyrics , until 1961 , after Loren 's October 1960 movie . Another version of the song , by Israeli French performer Maya Casabianca , appeared on France 's Billboard chart in September 1961 . Additional cover versions have been produced by the Pennies and Kerstin Dahl . At the time of the Mad Men performance , Hills was working as a professional artist and illustrator married to Stewart Young , the manager for AC DC , Cyndi Lauper , and Foreigner . Lionsgate Television released a music download edition of Par 's version at the iTunes Store as well as two vinyl editions made available online . It will also be released in the future on Amazon.com and in stores . This version was produced by Matthew Weiner , Russell unk , David Carbonara , and James T. Hill . Par recorded her lyrics in a recording studio , working with Carbonara , and choreographed her routine with Marianne Ann Kellogg . The 7 inch vinyl version includes the B side , A Beautiful Mine by unk , which is the theme music for the show . Weiner tracked down the song and had many objectives for Par to achieve in the production of the song . Themes Roughly translated from French to English Zou Bisou Bisou means Oh Kiss Kiss or Oh You Kiss Kiss . The Hills version is described as . . unk in style of the international y y movement , which is much like the go go music genre and was most popular in France , Spain , and Quebec , Mrs. Draper 's homeland . The movement 's name has phonetic origins , stemming from the exclamation of Yeah Yeah in typical fashion during rock and roll music . After translating the song , Haglund claimed that the theme of the song is about . . unk declaring and displaying one 's love , coming out from ' the bushes ' where ' lovers glide stealthily ' and feeling love ' everywhere ' . The Huffington Post summarized the song more simply saying that it made the statement about how kissing is fun . Slate noted that y y singers were often teenage girls who exuded a faux innocent sexuality , which played on Megan Draper 's youthful sex appeal and the generation gap between Megan and Don . Par stated that , Megan , who is younger and more nave than Don , was ' unknowingly putting their intimate connection on the line ' in front of their friends and co workers ' . . . ' The reason that it s so awkward isn t that she was doing anything wrong , but because it s private ' . . . Critical response to Mad Men scene Numerous critics from prominent media outlets such as The Wall Street Journal , Slate , USA Today , Rolling Stone , Daily Mail , New York Daily News , Los Angeles Times , Chicago Sun Times , CBS News , noted that the highlight of the 5th season premiere was Par 's performance of this song during Don Draper 's surprise 40th birthday party , describing the performance and Par as sexy , slinky and sultry . Matthew Perpetua of Rolling Stone said that Megan sings for her husband , who can barely suppress his embarrassment and discomfort . Erin Carlson of The Hollywood Reporter described Par 's performance as bizarre , come hither burlesque , noting that she stunned partygoers who openly ogled her while the ad exec ( Jon Hamm ) squirmed with polite embarrassment . The song 's performance became a trending topic on Twitter . Since the song was trending the entire following day , The Roots performed a brief rendition of a verse of the song as interstitial music the following night on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon . Despite the social media frenzy , the song did not crack the iTunes Top 100 . However , it did reach the final position of the Canadian Hot 100 . Charts
|
2,967 | HMS Achilles was a Warrior class armoured cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century . She served with the 2nd Cruiser Squadron for most of the First World War . The ship did not participate in the Battle of Jutland in 1916 , but did sink the German raider Leopard in 1917 . Achilles became a training ship in 1918 and was sold for scrap in 1921 . General description Achilles displaced 13 , 550 long tons ( 13 , 770 t ) as built and 14 , 500 long tons ( 14 , 700 t ) fully loaded . The ship had an overall length of 505 feet 4 inches ( 154 . 0 m ) , a beam of 73 feet 6 inches ( 22 . 4 m ) and a draught of 27 feet 6 inches ( 8 . 4 m ) . She was powered by four cylinder triple expansion steam engines , driving two shafts , which developed a total of 23 , 650 indicated horsepower ( 17 , 640 kW ) and gave a maximum speed of 23 . 3 knots ( 43 . 2 km h 26 . 8 mph ) . The engines were powered by 19 Yarrow water tube boilers and six cylindrical boilers . The ship carried a maximum of 2 , 050 long tons ( 2 , 080 t ) of coal and an additional 600 long tons ( 610 t ) of fuel oil that was sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate . At full capacity , she could steam for 7 , 960 nautical miles ( 14 , 740 km 9 , 160 mi ) at a speed of 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . Armament Her main armament consisted of six BL 9 . 2 inch ( 234 mm ) Mark X guns in single Mk V turrets distributed in two centerline turrets ( one each fore and one aft ) and four turrets disposed in the corners about the funnels . Her secondary armament of four BL 7 . 5 inch ( 191 mm ) Mark II or Mark V guns in single Mk II turrets was carried amidships , between the wing 9 . 2 inch guns . Twenty six Vickers QF 3 pounders were fitted , ten on turret roofs and eight each on the forward and aft superstructures . The last four ships of the Duke of Edinburgh class cruisers had a secondary armament of turreted 7 . 5 inch guns rather than the 6 inch ( 152 mm ) guns in open barbettes of the first two ships these latter four were sometimes referred to as the Warrior class . Because of the extra topweight of the turrets in comparison to their half sisters their stability was reduced which made them very good seaboats and steady gun platforms because they did not roll as much . The ship also mounted three submerged 18 inch ( 457 mm ) torpedo tubes , one of which was mounted in the stern . Wartime modifications A single Hotchkiss QF 6 pounder anti aircraft gun on a high angle Mark Ic mounting was mounted on the quarterdeck in 1915 . It had a maximum depression of 8 and a maximum elevation of 60 . The gun fired a 6 pound ( 2 . 7 kg ) shell at a muzzle velocity of 1 , 765 ft s ( 538 m s ) at a rate of fire of 20 rounds per minute . They had a maximum ceiling of 10 , 000 ft ( 3 , 000 m ) , but an effective range of only 1 , 200 yards ( 1 , 100 m ) . Achilles 's foremast was converted to a tripod mast to support the weight of a fire control director after the Battle of Jutland in 1916 , but when the director was actually fitted is not known . Service Achilles was ordered as part of the 1903 04 naval construction programme as the third of four armoured cruisers . She was laid down on 22 February 1904 at Elswick by Armstrong Whitworth . The ship was launched on 17 June 1905 and completed on 22 April 1907 at the cost of 1 , 191 , 103 . Like her sister ships , she joined the 5th Cruiser Squadron in 1907 , and made a port visit to Russia in 1908 . The ship was later transferred to the 2nd Cruiser Squadron in 1909 . Achilles , accompanied by her sister Cochrane , and three other armoured cruisers were sent to reinforce the defences of the Shetland Islands on 2 August 1914 , days before the start of the First World War . She , and her squadron , was assigned to the Grand Fleet after the beginning of the war . Achilles missed the Battle of Jutland on 31 May 1916 because she was refitting . On the evening of 18 August , the Grand Fleet put to sea in response to a deciphered message that the High Seas Fleet , minus the II Battle Squadron , would be leaving harbour that night . The Germans planned to bombard the port of Sunderland on 19 August , with extensive reconnaissance provided by airships and submarines . The Germans broke off their planned attack to pursue a lone British battle squadron reported by an airship , which was in fact the Harwich Force under Commodore Tyrwhitt . Realising their mistake , the Germans then set course for home . During the Grand Fleet 's sortie , Achilles spotted a U boat . During another sortie by the High Seas Fleet on 18 October 1916 , Achilles and three other armoured cruisers were ordered to patrol the northern end of the North Sea , between the approaches to Pentland Firth and Hardangerfjord in Norway , but they saw no German ships . On 16 March 1917 , Achilles and the armed boarding steamer Dundee were patrolling north of the Shetland Islands when they encountered the disguised German auxiliary cruiser Leopard . The latter ship heaved to when commanded , but manoeuvred to prevent Dundee from boarding her and then fired two torpedoes which missed . Dundee retaliated by raking Leopard 's stern , badly damaging the German ship and then Achilles opened fire herself . The German ship sank an hour later with no survivors . Achilles was transferred to the North America and West Indies Station in August 1917 for convoy escort duties , but returned to Britain for a refit between February and December 1918 . Upon completion of this refit Achilles became a stoker 's training ship at Chatham . The ship was sold for scrap on 9 May 1921 .
|
2,968 | M 84 is a state trunkline highway in the Lower Peninsula of the US state of Michigan . The highway starts on the west side of Saginaw at an intersection with M 58 and runs north through residential and commercial areas . There are two colleges or universities near the trunkline as it connects Saginaw with Bay City , providing an alternate to the freeway that carries Interstate 75 US Highway 23 ( I 75 US 23 ) . The northern terminus is at a pair of intersections with M 25 on the east side of the Saginaw River in Bay City . There have been two other highways to bear the M 84 moniker . The first was one in the Upper Peninsula and the second was in The Thumb area . The current highway was originally part of M 47 until that road was relocated onto what was formerly US 10 in the Tri Cities area . Since the 1960s reuse of the number , M 84 has been extended in the 1970s to replace part of Business Loop I 75 ( BL I 75 , now Business Spur I 75 , BS I 75 ) in Bay City . Other projects have reconstructed and widened the roadway through the Bay City area in the early 21st century . Route description M 84 begins at M 58 in a residential area on the west side of Saginaw heading due north on Bay Street . At this point , it is five lanes , with two lanes in each direction and a center turn lane . The highway enters Saginaw Township as Bay Road and serves as a major artery in the area , passing the Fashion Square Mall and several other shopping centers and major retail stores near Tittabawassee Road . The main entrance to Saginaw Valley State University is located on M 84 at Pierce Road just south of the Saginaw Bay county line . North of the line , the highway follows West Side Saginaw Road through fields in a less urbanized area . West of University Center and the campus of Delta College , M 84 crosses over I 75 US 23 at exit 160 and proceeds through several curves into Bay City . At the intersection with Euclid Avenue on the city line , M 13 merges in from the north and the two highways run concurrently along Salzburg Avenue . Since this segment of highway is both northbound M 84 and southbound M 13 along eastbound Salzburg Avenue , the two trunklines form a wrong way concurrency . M 13 M 84 crosses the west channel of the Saginaw River near the Ted Putz Nature Area to Middle Ground island . The highway continues over the east channel on the Lafayette Avenue Bridge , a drawbridge , to Lafayette Avenue on the eastern bank of the river . At the intersection with Broadway Street , M 13 turns southward , and M 84 continues eastward two more blocks . Turning north on Garfield Street , the highway runs parallel to the river through a residential area . North of the 14th Street intersection , Garfield Street curves northeasterly into Washington Avenue , passing to the east of an industrial complex on the river . At the intersection with McKinley Street , a one way street , M 84 meets the eastbound direction of M 25 and BS I 75 . One block north , M 84 terminates at the intersection with 7th Street , which carries westbound M 25 and BS I 75 both intersections also mark BS I 75 's terminus immediately east of the Veterans Memorial Bridge . The Michigan Department of Transportation ( MDOT ) maintains M 84 like other state highways in Michigan . As a part of these maintenance responsibilities , the department tracks the volume of traffic that uses the roadways under its jurisdiction . These volumes are expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic , which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway . MDOT 's surveys in 2010 showed that the highest traffic level along M 84 was 26 , 408 vehicles daily in Saginaw the lowest count was 8 , 405 vehicles per day on Washington Street in Bay City . Two sections of M 84 have been listed on the National Highway System the section from the southern terminus north to Tittabawassee Road in the Saginaw area , and from the I 75 US 23 interchange north to M 25 in the Bay City area . The system is a network of roads important to the country 's economy , defense , and mobility . History The first M 84 in Michigan was in the Upper Peninsula starting in 1919 the highway ran from Garnet to unk Corner , southeast of Newberry , following the current unk Road in Mackinac County and County Road 393 in Luce County . The highway was replaced by an extension of M 48 in 1926 . The M 84 designation was then immediately reused for a section of the former M 31 in The Thumb it ran from M 81 near Reese running through Fairgrove and Akron to M 29 at Unionville . This iteration was replaced by M 83 in 1930 . The I 75 US 10 US 23 freeway was completed between Saginaw and Bay City in late 1960 or early 1961 M 47 was relocated to the former US 10 between Saginaw and Midland , and M 84 was redesignated along the former M 47 between M 81 at Saginaw and the freeway in Bay City . A new BL I 75 was created at the same time along the former M 47 in Bay City . This business loop would be split in half in 1971 resulting in a new business spur M 84 was extended over the southern section between M 25 and I 75 US 10 US 23 . A reconstruction project in 2004 05 resulted in the roadway being widened to four lanes between Pierce Road in unk Township of Saginaw County and Delta Road in unk Township in Bay County . The 2009 reconstruction resulted in new bridges over I 75 and widening of the road from Delta Road to 2 Mile Road . Additional construction scheduled for 2011 resulted in the widening of the road from 2 Mile to Euclid . Major intersections
|
2,969 | ' The Judge is the fourth episode of the first season of the American crime thriller television series Millennium . It premiered on the Fox network on November 15 , 1996 . The episode was written by Ted Mann , and directed by Randall Zisk . The Judge featured guest appearances by Marshall Bell , John Hawkes and C. C. H. Pounder . Forensic profiler Frank Black ( Lance Henriksen ) , a member of the private investigative organisation Millennium Group , is asked to investigate a vigilante ( Bell ) who uses newly released convicts to execute those he deems guilty . The Judge begins with a quotation from Moby Dick , a novel that the episode has been compared to thematically . Guest star Pounder would reappear several times in the series , while fellow guest Ellis made the last of his three appearances in this episode . The episode received mixed reviews from critics . Plot In a bowling alley , ex convict Carl unk ( J. R. Bourne ) watches another man eat his meal before following him outside , where he approaches and kills him . Elsewhere , Annie unk ( Donna White ) receives a human tongue in a package . The Millennium Group sends offender profiler Frank Black ( Lance Henriksen ) and pathologist Cheryl Andrews ( C. C. H. Pounder ) to investigate , as several people have received body parts in the post over the past few years . No connection between the recipients has been found , nor have the bodies the parts have been culled from . Mike Bardale ( John Hawkes ) is a violent recidivist who has recently been released from prison again . He is approached by a man calling himself The Judge ( Marshall Bell ) , who offers Bardale a position in his court . The Judge is a vigilante , hiring convicts to mete out his version of justice against those he perceives as criminals . Bardale 's first execution is that of his forebear , unk . The body of the man killed outside the bowling alley is discovered , missing a tongue . It is identified as a retired police officer , Detective Mellen , who had given false testimony that had sent Annie unk 's late husband to prison . Black realizes that the killer is motivated by the need to right wrongs such as this , killing those who have gotten away with crimes . Meanwhile , The Judge passes sentence on another victim a unk whose negligence caused a tenant 's death . Bardale is ordered to cut the landlord 's leg off while he is still alive the leg is later found in a postal depot in a package . Forensic evidence on the package eventually leads to Bardale , and then to The Judge . The Judge is arrested for questioning , and knowing that there is not enough evidence to warrant sentencing him , he offers Black a job with him . Black refuses , but The Judge is released . Bardale is incensed that The Judge has manipulated the law to his own ends , and passes sentence on him for hypocrisy . Finding Bardale alone in a farmhouse , Black discovers that the convict had fed The Judge to his pigs . Production The Judge is the first of four episodes of Millennium to be written by Ted Mann , who would go on to write Loin Like a Hunting Flame , Powers , Principalities , Thrones and Dominions and the first season finale Paper Dove . The episode marks director Randall Zisk 's only work for the series . The episode features the first appearance by C. C. H. Pounder as Millennium Group pathologist Cheryl Andrews . Pounder would go on to make another four appearances as the character , appearing across all three seasons . The Judge also marked the final appearance by Chris Ellis as Group member Jim Penseyres Ellis had previously appeared in Gehenna and Dead Letters . John Hawkes , who portrays killer Mike Bardale in the episode , would later go on to work with Mann again on the series Deadwood , first reuniting on that series ' first season finale Sold Under Sin . The episode opens with a quotation from Herman Melville 's 1851 novel Moby Dick , taken from chapter forty two , The Whiteness of the Whale . Both Millennium and Moby Dick have been described as a basic conflict between good and evil . In addition , both are focused on a then modern view of the world . Reception The Judge was first broadcast on the Fox Network on November 15 , 1996 and earned a Nielsen rating of 7 . 6 , meaning that roughly 7 . 6 percent of all television equipped households were tuned in to the episode . The Judge received mixed reviews from critics . Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson , in their book Wanting to Believe A Critical Guide to The X Files , Millennium The Lone Gunmen , rated the episode one star out of five , finding its contrived plot to be barely a subtle premise , and noting that the script unfortunately elevates the lead villain to high camp . Shearman and Pearson felt that the subject of vigilantism was a suitable one for the series , and that it had been bubbling under the surface every since the concept of the Millennium Group ... was first mentioned however , they ultimately felt that the episode contained very little to engage the brain . Bill Gibron , writing for DVD Talk , rated The Judge 4 out of 5 , describing it as being a fine , moody episode . However , Gibron felt that Marshall Bell 's character may have been better suited to a recurring role , rather than being killed off during the episode . Writing for The A.V. Club , Todd VanDerWerff rated the episode a B , praising the acting of both Bell and John Hawkes . However , VanDerWerff felt that The Judge showed Millennium to be struggling with its own concept , growing staid as a result of only having the one color to play with .
|
2,970 | It Is the Law is a 1924 American silent mystery film directed by J. Gordon Edwards and starring Arthur Hohl , Herbert Hayes , and Mona Palma . It is a film adaptation of the eponymous 1922 Broadway play by Elmer Rice , itself based on a novel by Hayden Talbot . The film depicts the story of Ruth Allen ( Palma ) , who marries Justin Victor ( Heyes ) over competing suitor Albert Woodruff ( Hohl ) . Seeking revenge for this slight , Woodruff fakes his death by killing a drifter who resembles him , and frames Victor for the murder . When Woodruff returns to court Allen under a new identity , she sees through his disguise . Once Victor is freed from prison , he kills Woodruff , and goes free because a conviction would constitute double jeopardy . This was the final film for director Edwards , who died the following year , and was one of the last produced at Fox Film 's New York studio . Contemporary reviews were generally positive . Like many of Fox 's early works , it was likely lost in the 1937 Fox vault fire . Plot Albert Woodruff and Justin Victor are friends who are both in love with the same woman , Ruth Allen . Allen chooses to wed Victor , and Woodruff storms off in a jealous rage . Woodruff locates his look alike , Sniffer Evans , a drifter and drug addict . On the evening following Allen and Victor 's wedding , Woodruff calls Allen and threatens to blackmail her . He also convinces Evans to come to his apartment . Victor also travels to Woodruff 's apartment , intending to confront his former friend about the threatening phone call . When Woodruff sees Victor outside the apartment building , he feigns a cry for help and shoots Evans to death . Victor is blamed for the murder of the man presumed to be Woodruff , and is sentenced to life imprisonment . Five years later , Woodruff disguises himself with a beard and monocle and assumes a new identity in an attempt to court Allen . She is able to recognize him as Woodruff because of his fear of fire tongs . Because she is friends with the governor , she is able to arrange her husband 's release from prison . Victor locates Woodruff in a casino and kills him . At trial , he declares that the prohibition against double jeopardy prevents his prosecution for the murder he is set free to live happily with his wife . Cast Arthur Hohl as Albert Woodruff and Sniffer Evans Herbert Heyes as Justin Victor Mona Palma as Ruth Allen ( credited as Mimi Palmeri ) Arthur Hohl reprised the role of Woodruff from Broadway in addition to Woodruff and Evans , he played a third role as the casino 's proprietor . The cast also includes Dorothy Kingdon , Helena D unk , Patricia O 'Connor , and Nancy Newman as casino regulars . This was Herbert Heyes final silent film he returned to acting in the 1940s . Production In 1922 , theatrical agent Walter Jordan encouraged Elmer Rice to dramatize an unpublished novel by Hayden Talbot . At the time , Rice was best known for his 1914 Broadway play On Trial , which featured the first use of flashback , a narrative technique he adapted from film , in a Broadway production . Rice 's adaptation of Talbot 's work , It Is the Law , again featured a story told in flashback . It ran for 125 performances at the Ritz Theatre , and was a modest success . Curtis Benson wrote the film adaptation for It Is the Law unlike the theatrical version , his screenplay presents the story entirely in chronological order . J. Gordon Edwards directed , the only time he did so in 1924 , as he was primarily serving as Fox Film 's director general at the time . It was also his last time to direct he retired from Fox after the film 's completion , and although he expressed an interest to returning to the role , he died of pneumonia the following year . Filming took place at Fox 's New York studio , although most production had by then moved to Hollywood . It Is the Law was one of only four films Fox made at its East Coast facility in 1924 . Except for four Allan Dwan films in 1926 , they were the last Fox produced in New York . The Film Daily reported that a trailer was produced to advertise the film . The copyright registration for It Is the Law stated its length as eight reels , but the released version was a shorter , seven reel film . When Twentieth Century Fox Film renewed the copyright in 1951 , they again referred to the longer run time the title was also restyled with an exclamation point , as It Is the Law Reception and legacy It Is the Law received generally positive reviews . George T. Pardy , writing for Exhibitors Trade Review , noted that the audience was aware of the nature of the mystery while the characters were not , a welcome departure from the conventions of most melodramas . Motion Picture Magazine called the film tense , unk , ... and new in its idea . The Film Daily 's reviewer believed it would appeal to fans of the genre despite some hokum and implausible twists . Edwards 's direction was praised , including his pacing of the story , although the reviewer for Variety felt the film was unnecessarily long . Hohl , in his dual role performance , was considered the strongest of the cast , despite some exaggerated expressions . It Is the Law is believed to be lost . The 1937 Fox vault fire destroyed most of Fox 's silent films , and the Library of Congress is not aware of any extant copies . Because little of Edwards 's work survives , few of his films have drawn attention from modern authors , but film historian Larry Langman included It Is the Law as an example of the evolution of avenging spouse films to emphasize the inner strengths of their women in the 1920s .
|
2,971 | The Underground City ( Chinese unk pinyin unk unk ) is a Cold War era bomb shelter consisting of a network of tunnels located beneath Beijing , China . It has also been referred to as the Underground Great Wall since it was built for the purpose of military defense . The complex was constructed from 1969 to 1979 in anticipation of a nuclear war with the Soviet Union , as Sino Soviet relations worsened and was officially reopened in 2000 . Visitors were allowed to tour portions of the complex , which has been described as dark , damp , and genuinely eerie . unk Cheng has been closed for renovation since at least February 2008 . Location The tunnels of the Underground City run beneath Beijing 's city center , covering an area of 85 square kilometres ( 33 sq mi ) 8 to 18 metres ( 26 59 ft ) under the surface . At one time there were about 90 entrances to the complex , all of which were hidden in shops along the main streets of Qianmen . Many of the entrances have since been demolished or blocked off for reconstruction . Known remaining entrances include 62 West unk Street in Qianmen , Beijing Qianmen Carpet Factory at 44 unk unk in Chongwen District , and 18 unk Jie in Qianmen . History At the height of Soviet Chinese tensions in 1969 , Chinese chairman Mao Zedong ordered the construction of the Underground City during the border conflict over unk Island in the Heilongjiang River . The Underground City was designed to withstand nuclear , biochemical and conventional attacks . The complex would protect Beijing 's population , and allow government officials to evacuate in the event of an attack on the city . The government claimed that the tunnels could accommodate all of Beijing 's six million inhabitants upon its completion . The complex was equipped with facilities such as restaurants , clinics , schools , theaters , factories , a roller skating rink , grain and oil warehouses , and a mushroom cultivation farm . There were also almost 70 potential sites where water wells could easily be dug if needed . Elaborate ventilation systems were installed , with 2300 shafts that can be sealed off to protect the tunnels ' inhabitants from poison gases , unk and water proof hatches , as well as thick concrete main gates , were constructed to protect the tunnels from biochemical attacks and nuclear fallouts . There is no official disclosure about the actual extent of the complex , but it is speculated that the tunnels may link together Beijing 's various landmarks , as well as important governmental buildings such as the Zhongnanhai , the Great Hall of the People , and even military bases in the outskirts of the city . The China Internet Information Center asserts that they supposedly link all areas of central Beijing , from unk and unk to Qianmen and the Chongwen district , in addition to the Western Hills . It is also rumoured that every residence once had a secret trapdoor nearby leading to the tunnels . In the event of a nuclear attack , the plan was to move half of Beijing 's population underground and the other half to the Western Hills . The tunnels were built by more than 300 , 000 local citizens , including school students , on volunteer duties . Some portions were even dug without the help of any heavy machinery . Centuries old city walls , towers and gates , including the old city gates of unk , unk , and unk were destroyed to supply construction materials for the complex . Since the complex 's completion , it has been utilized by locals for in various ways as the tunnels remain cool in summer and warm in winter . On busy streets , some portions of the complex were refurbished as cheap hotels , while others were transformed into shopping and business centers , or even theaters . While the complex has never been used for its intended purpose , it has never been fully abandoned either . Local authorities still perform water leakage checks and pest control in the tunnels on a regular basis . As a tourist attraction The complex was officially opened in 2000 , but has been closed for renovation since at least February 2008 . While it was open , visitors were allowed to tour portions of the complex the Underground City was popular with foreign tourists but remained virtually forgotten by local citizens . Though there are many other entrances , foreign visitors entered approved sections accessed via a small shop front in Qianmen , south of Tiananmen Square , at 62 West unk Street . Tour groups could enter free of charge and without prior permission while individual tourists not part of a group were charged 20 yuan ( US 2 . 40 ) each . The official tour took visitors only on a small circular stretch of the Underground City . Inside the complex , visitors could see signposts to major landmarks accessible by the tunnels , such as Tiananmen Square and the Forbidden City , and could see chambers labeled with their original functions , such as cinemas , hospitals , or arsenals . A portrait of Mao Zedong could be seen amidst murals of locals volunteering to dig the tunnels and fading slogans such as unk Grain , and For the People Prepare for War , Prepare for Famine . Rooms with bunk beds and decayed cardboard boxes of water purifiers could be seen in areas not open to tourists . Visitors on the official tour would also pass by a functioning silk factory in one of the underground staff meeting rooms of the complex , and be given a demonstration of the process of obtaining silk from silkworm cocoons . They had a chance to buy souvenirs at a tourists ' shop operated by the state owned Qianmen Arts and Crafts Center and the China Kai Tian Silk Company .
|
2,972 | William Henry Fuller , Jr . ( born March 8 , 1962 ) is a retired American football player who played defensive end for 13 seasons in the National Football League ( NFL ) . Fuller played college football at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ( UNC ) and professionally for the Philadelphia Baltimore Stars of the United States Football League ( USFL ) , and the Houston Oilers , Philadelphia Eagles , and San Diego Chargers of the NFL . Fuller was one of the better pass rushers in the NFL during his time in the league and finished his career with 100 . 5 sacks . He was named to the Pro Bowl four times and selected as an All American twice while in college . In 2004 , Fuller was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame . During his career and after his retirement , Fuller has also done considerable work in raising funds for diabetes research . Early years Fuller was born in Norfolk , Virginia . He grew up in Chesapeake , Virginia , and attended Indian River High School , where he lettered in track , basketball , and football . Fuller graduated from Indian River in 1980 . College career Fuller attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , where he played defensive line for the North Carolina Tar Heels football team . He recorded nine sacks and 22 tackles for loss as a sophomore . As a senior he had 81 tackles , a team leading five sacks , and 22 tackles for loss . For his efforts that season he was awarded All America and first team All Atlantic Coast Conference ( ACC ) honors as well as UNC 's defensive Most Valuable Player award . Fuller was also a finalist for the Lombardi and Outland Trophies , special awards designated only for linemen . While at UNC , Fuller helped lead the Tar Heels to three bowl games , made the All ACC team three times , and the All America team twice ( 1982 and 1983 ) . He graduated in 1986 with a degree in psychology . Fuller was later inducted into UNC 's sports hall of fame , and selected as a member of the ACC 's 50th Anniversary Football Team in 2002 . Professional career Fuller was selected by the Philadelphia Stars of the USFL in the 1984 USFL player draft . He was also selected with the 21st selection in the first round of the 1984 NFL Supplemental Draft of USFL and CFL Players by the Los Angeles Rams . Fuller decided to play in the USFL with the Stars , where he played for two seasons , winning two USFL championships and playing with future NFL players such as Bart Oates and Sam Mills . Fuller was granted free agency by the USFL in 1986 and his rights were subsequently traded by the Rams to the Houston Oilers where he started his career in the NFL . After recording a total of 3 sacks in his first two seasons , Fuller emerged in 1988 and tied for the team lead in sacks with 8 . 5 . He was described as the most improved defensive player on the team by head coach Jerry Glanville . After recording 14 . 5 sacks over 1989 and 1990 , Fuller finished tied for second in the NFL with 15 sacks in 1991 , and was named to his first Pro Bowl . He followed that up by recording eight and ten sacks , respectively in 1992 and 1993 . After the 1993 season Fuller signed a three year 8 Million contract as a free agent with the Philadelphia Eagles , in part out of a desire to be closer to his off season home in Virginia . He subsequently played three stellar seasons in 1994 , 1995 , and 1996 . He recorded 9 . 5 sacks in his first season there ( 1994 ) and set a team record for most consecutive games with a sack at seven . Fuller had 13 sacks in each of the following two seasons ( 1995 and 1996 ) , and was named to the Pro Bowl in each of his three seasons with the Eagles . After the 1996 season Fuller signed a two year 5 . 6 million contract with the San Diego Chargers , while there his production steeply declined . After two seasons , in which he recorded three sacks each , Fuller retired following the 1998 season . By the time his NFL career ended Fuller had recorded 100 . 5 sacks becoming one of the few players in NFL history to record more than 100 sacks . Personal life Fuller has four daughters by his wife unk , Karen , Krystal , Kimberly , and unk . Shortly before the 1995 season Fuller 's father , who was blind at the time due to diabetes , died . Fuller and his father were very close and had filmed a United Way and the NFL commercial together during the offseason . The commercial , which featured an organization for the blind , was not aired until two days after his father 's death . Fuller is also a noted philanthropist , who was actively involved in programs relating to Juvenile diabetes , Special Olympics , Ronald McDonald House and the Boys ' Clubs of America during his time in the NFL . He hosts the William Fuller Tournament in Houston for the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation . The event has raised over 1 million for research to cure diabetes , and Fuller himself has helped raise over 3 million for diabetes research . Fuller currently owns and operates his own real estate development company , Fulco Development , which is based in Norfolk . His company is currently working on development projects in the Hampton Roads region . He has also donated his time as an assistant football coach for Frank W. Cox High School in Virginia Beach . In 2011 , Fuller became a radio commentator for the Virginia Destroyers UFL team . Career statistics Sources Led the American Football Conference . Tied for National Football Conference lead . Currently 20 all time . Key to unk GP Games Played Int Interception Yds Yards t Play resulted in a touchdown TD Touchdowns FR unk Recovered
|
2,973 | The 88th Boat Race took place on 4 April 1936 . Held annually , the Boat Race is a side by side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames . Umpired by the former Boat Race coach Francis Escombe , Cambridge won by five lengths in a time of 21 minutes 6 seconds . The record thirteenth consecutive victory took the overall record in the event to 47 40 in Cambridge 's favour . The heaviest crew up to that year in Boat Race history , Cambridge were the first to weigh more than an average of 13 st ( 82 . 4 kg ) per individual . Background The Boat Race is a side by side rowing competition between the University of Oxford ( sometimes referred to as the Dark Blues ) and the University of Cambridge ( sometimes referred to as the Light Blues ) . The race was first held in 1829 , and since 1845 has taken place on the 4 . 2 mile ( 6 . 8 km ) Championship Course on the River Thames in southwest London . The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities it is followed throughout the United Kingdom and , as of 2014 , broadcast worldwide . Cambridge went into the race as reigning champions , having won the 1935 race by four and a half lengths , and led overall with 46 victories to Oxford 's 40 ( excluding the dead heat of 1877 ) . Oxford were coached by William Rathbone ( who rowed for Oxford in the 1926 and 1927 races ) , and former Cambridge rowers John Houghton Gibbon ( who had rowed for the Light Blues in the 1899 and 1900 races ) and Kenneth Payne ( who rowed for Cambridge in the 1932 and 1934 races ) . Cambridge 's coaches were F. E. Hellyer ( who had rowed for the Light Blues in the 1910 and 1911 races ) , B. C. Johnstone , D. H. E. McCowen ( who had rowed in the 1932 race ) and C. H. Rew ( who had coached the Light Blues the previous year ) . The race was umpired by Francis Jerram Escombe who had coached Cambridge fifteen times between 1904 and 1934 , and Oxford the previous year . Both boats were made by Sims and both crews used Ayling 's oars . The rowing correspondent for The Times suggested that on arrival at Putney , Cambridge were almost certainly the fastest crew ever to come to the tideway . Oxford were equally certain one of the worst . He went on to report that while Cambridge still looked remarkably neat , they have actually got slower at the same time Oxford improved their pace , if not their appearance , in a measure that most critics would have thought quite impossible . Crews The Cambridge crew weighed an average of 13 st 0 . 5 lb ( 82 . 6 kg ) , 3 . 75 pounds ( 1 . 7 kg ) per rower more than their opponents , the heaviest crew ever at the time . It was the first time in the race history that a crew weighed more than an average of 13 st ( 82 . 4 kg ) . Oxford saw two participants with Boat Race experience return to the crew in number five B. J. unk and stroke D. M. de R. Winser . Cambridge 's crew contained five former Blues , four of whom were making their third appearance including cox Noel Duckworth , and Jack Wilson and Ran Laurie , who would win the unk pairs Gold medal at the 1948 Olympics . Three of the race participants were registered as non British Oxford 's J. S. Lewes and S. R. C. Wood , along with Cambridge 's Thomas Cree were all Australian . Race Oxford won the toss and elected to start from the Surrey station , handing the Middlesex side of the river to Cambridge . Umpire Escombe started the race at 11 40 a.m in relatively calm water . Cambridge made the quicker start , out rating the Dark Blues , but struggled in patches of rougher water such that Oxford held a slight lead by the end of the Fulham Wall . With the bend in the river against them , the Dark Blues held a half length lead as the crews passed the Mile Post and , according to former Oxford rower E. P. Evans , writing in The Manchester Guardian , were going well ... and seemed to be forging ahead at every stroke . At Harrods Furniture Depository , Cambridge stroke Ran Laurie pushed on to reduce Oxford 's advantage as the long bend in the river favoured them the crews passed under Hammersmith Bridge with Cambridge trailing by half a length . A series of spurts from Cambridge combined with intelligent steering from their cox , pushing the Dark Blue boat out of the tide , resulted in a reversal of fortune with Cambridge leading , and by the end of Chiswick Eyot , they were nearly clear of Oxford . Passing Chiswick Steps four seconds ahead , the Light Blues continued to increase their advantage , passing below Barnes Bridge four lengths ahead . They passed the finishing post five lengths ahead in a time of 21 minutes 6 seconds . It was the largest winning margin since the 1929 race and the slowest winning time since the 1925 race when Oxford sank in adverse conditions . It was Cambridge 's thirteenth consecutive victory , a record streak in the history of the Boat Race , and took the overall record in the event to 47 40 in their favour . E. P. Evans wrote that no praise is too much for the gallant Oxford crew while of Cambridge he noted though they may not have produced their best form in the early part of the race they made up for it later . The rowing correspondent for The Times stated that it was an exciting race over the first half of the course and praised the Light Blues saying all credit is due to the Cambridge crew for the manner in which they recovered themselves after being led through such bad water . William Beach Thomas , writing in The Observer , claimed Cambridge were described as the best crew in the chronicles of rowing kings , and Oxford the very worst .
|
2,974 | The Battle of Setauket ( August 22 , 1777 ) was a failed attack during the American Revolutionary War on a fortified Loyalist outpost in Setauket , Long Island , New York , by a force of Continental Army troops from Connecticut under the command of Brigadier General Samuel Holden Parsons . In an attempt to repeat the success of the earlier Meigs Raid against Sag Harbor , Parsons ' force crossed Long Island Sound to attack the Loyalist position . Alerted by spies to the planned assault , Lieutenant Colonel Richard Hewlett strongly fortified the local Presbyterian church , surrounding it with a stockade and earthworks . After Hewlett rejected Parsons ' demand to surrender , a brief firefight ensued that did no significant damage . Parsons then withdrew and returned to Connecticut . Background The American Revolutionary War was a qualified success for the British in 1776 . After being forced to abandon Boston , they captured New York City , but were unable to hold New Jersey when General George Washington surprised them at Trenton and Princeton . The British consolidated their hold on New York City and Long Island during the winter months of early 1777 , while the Continental Army established a land blockade around the city in New Jersey , southern New York , and southwestern Connecticut . In the spring of 1777 Lieutenant General William Howe launched raiding expeditions against Continental Army and local militia storage depots near the city . A successful raid against Peekskill , New York in March prompted him to organize a more ambitious expedition to raid a depot in Danbury , Connecticut . This expedition , led by the former royal governor of New York , William Tryon , successfully reached Danbury from a landing point in Westport , Connecticut , on April 26 , and destroyed provisions and supplies . The Connecticut militia had mobilized , and over the next two days skirmished with the British as they marched back to their ships , most notably on April 27 at Ridgefield . General Samuel Holden Parsons , leading Connecticut 's defenses , decided to organize an act of reprisal . The raid executed with great success by Colonel Return Jonathan Meigs against Sag Harbor on eastern Long Island prompted Parsons to consider further such actions against other Loyalist positions on the island . On August 16 , Parsons , whose brigade was stationed at Peekskill , New York , received orders from Major General Israel Putnam authorizing an expedition against Loyalist targets on Long Island . Parsons immediately ordered Colonel Samuel unk Webb to muster his regiment , numbering about 500 men , and march to Fairfield , Connecticut . Parsons followed , reaching Fairfield on August 21 . Loyalists recruited from Queens County , New York by Lieutenant Colonel Richard Hewlett for the 3rd battalion DeLancey 's Brigade had established a fortified position in early August on the central north shore of Long Island at Setauket , just across Long Island Sound from Fairfield . Hewlett 's force took over the town 's Presbyterian meeting house , which they fortified . When spies informed Hewlett that Parsons was mustering troops at Fairfield , he set his force to improving the defenses , building a breastwork six feet ( about 2 meters ) high at a distance of 30 feet ( 9 . 1 m ) all around the meeting house . Upon these works he mounted four small swivel guns . Battle On the night of August 21 , Parsons and Webb set out across Long Island Sound in whaleboats , taking with them a few small brass cannons . Early the next morning they landed at Crane 's Neck ( in present day Old Field , just west of Setauket ) , and marched to Setauket . Finding the Loyalists strongly entrenched , Parsons first sent a truce flag to demand their surrender . Hewlett refused the demand , and the two forces began a three hour exchange of gunfire . Neither side incurred significant casualties ( Colonel Webb reported one man wounded ) , and the small American cannons failed to make an impression on the fortifications . Concerned that armed British ships in the Sound would hear the battle and come to investigate , Parsons called off the assault and retreated , taking with him a dozen captured horses and some blankets . Aftermath The attackers successfully recrossed the Sound , and Parsons assigned Webb 's regiment to patrol the Connecticut shore . In December 1777 Parsons , Webb , and Meigs were involved in a more elaborate attempt at taking British military stores at Setauket . This one failed , because rough seas prevented Meigs from crossing , and Webb 's boat was captured by a British ship . Lieutenant Colonel Hewlett was favorably mentioned in general orders for his defense of the post , although it was abandoned several months later . Although Setauket was never again the target of a major expedition , it was frequently the target of small scale raids . It was also a significant waypoint for intelligence that made its way from American spies in New York to Washington 's spy chief , Setauket native Benjamin Tallmadge . Tallmadge operated what has since been called the unk Ring , in which a number of Setauket residents figured prominently . A Patriot refugee from Long Island , Zachariah Greene , was a member of Parsons ' expedition , and later served as minister to the Setauket Presbyterian congregation . A new building was erected on the site in 1812 . Portrayal A fictionalized portrayal of the battle appears in the season 1 finale of the series Turn Washington 's Spies . In this portrayal , Major Benjamin Tallmadge led the Continental forces against the British garrison led by a Major Edmund Hewlett .
|
2,975 | SMS rpd was a pre dreadnought battleship built by the Austro Hungarian Navy in the early 20th century . She was launched on 11 September 1901 as the second of three Habsburg class battleships . Along with her sister ships , she participated at the bombardment of Ancona during World War I. Due to a shortage of coal , she was soon decommissioned after the bombardment of Ancona and used as harbor defense ship for the remainder of the war . After the war , all of the Habsburg class battleships were ceded to Great Britain as war prizes . She was scrapped in Italy in 1921 . Construction and layout rpd was the second of three battleships of her class . Her hull was laid down on 10 June 1899 at the Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipyard in Trieste . Following more than two years of construction , she was launched on 11 September 1901 . After final fitting out work was finished , rpd was fully ready for service and commissioned into the Austro Hungarian Navy on 15 June 1903 . Like all ships of her class , rpd was 113 . 11 m ( 371 ft 1 in ) long at the waterline and was 114 . 55 m ( 375 ft 10 in ) in overall length . She had a beam of 19 . 8 m ( 65 ft 0 in ) and a draft of 7 . 5 m ( 24 ft 7 in ) . Freeboard was approximately 5 . 8 m ( 19 ft ) forward and about 5 . 5 m ( 18 ft ) aft . She also displaced 8 , 364 metric tons ( 8 , 232 long tons ) . Once construction on her had finished and she was commissioned into the Navy , rpd had a crew of 638 officers and enlisted men . rpd was powered by 2 shaft , 4 cylinder vertical triple expansion engines , which were supplied with steam by 16 Belleville boilers . rpd 's power output was rated at 14 , 307 indicated horsepower ( 10 , 669 kW ) , which produced a top speed of 19 . 65 knots ( 36 . 39 km h 22 . 61 mph ) . The hull for the ship was constructed from longitudinal and transverse steel frames , over which the outer hull plates were riveted into place . The hull incorporated a double bottom that ran for 63 of the ship 's length . A series of watertight bulkheads also extended from the keel to the gun deck . All in all , there was a total of 174 watertight compartments in the ship . rpd had a metacentric height of between .82 m ( 2 . 7 ft ) and 1 . 02 m ( 3 . 3 ft ) . Bilge keels were mounted on either side of the hull to reduce rolling and prevent her from capsizing . rpd had a flush main deck that was planked with wood , while the upper decks were covered with linoleum or corticine . rpd had three 24 cm ( 9 . 4 in ) L 40 guns , two mounted in a twin turret forward and one mounted in a single turret aft of the main superstructure . The C 97 type guns were manufactured by Krupp in Germany . The main guns fired at a rate of between three and four 215 kg ( 474 lb ) armor piercing ( AP ) shells per minute . Her secondary armament consisted of twelve 15 cm ( 5 . 9 in ) SK L 40 guns in casemates . These guns could fire at 4 5 shells per minute . She was built with face hardened chrome nickel steel . The main armored belt was 220 mm ( 8 . 7 in ) in the central portion of the ship , where the ammunition magazines , machinery spaces , and other critical areas were located . The belt tapered slightly to 180 mm ( 7 . 1 in ) on either end of the central section . Service history Peacetime rpd took part in her first fleet maneuvers in mid 1903 with her sister ship Habsburg . The third sister , Babenberg , was commissioned in Summer 1904 , and participated in successive fleet drills . Following a series of simulated war games pitting rpd and her sister ships against the three Monarch class battleships , rpd and the other two Habsburg class ships became the I Battleship Division . This new division was active in the Mediterranean region . When Habsburg underwent a training cruise with the three Monarch class battleships in January 1903 , rpd joined her the next year in a voyage around the Mediterranean Sea . With the commissioning of the Erzherzog Karl class battleships in 1906 and 1907 , the Habsburg class ships were transferred from the I to the II Battleship Division , and the three Monarch class battleships were moved from the II to the III Battleship Division . In 1910 1911 , rpd had one of her superstructure decks removed to reduce weight . World War I Early in World War I , rpd was transferred to the Austro Hungarian Navy 's IV Division after the first new Tegetthoff class battleships came into service . At around the same time , rpd , her sister ships Habsburg and Babenberg and the remainder of the Austro Hungarian Navy were mobilized to support the flight of SMS Goeben and Breslau from 28 July to 10 August 1914 . The two German ships were stationed in the Mediterranean and were attempting to break out of the strait of Messina , which was surrounded by British vessels . After breaking out , the German ships planned to steam to Turkey . After the Germans successfully broke out of Messina , the Austro Hungarian Navy was recalled . The fleet had by that time advanced as far south as Brindisi in southeastern coast of Italy . After Italy entered the war on the side of France and Great Britain , the Austro Hungarian Navy bombarded several Italian port cities along the Adriatic coast . rpd took part in the Bombardment of Ancona on 23 May 1915 . Due to a coal shortage , rpd was later decommissioned and re purposed as a harbor defense ship for the latter half of the war . rpd 's crew was transferred to man the new U boats and aircraft . Following the war , rpd , along with her sister ships , were awarded to Great Britain as war prizes . They were sold to Italy and broken up for scrap in 1921 .
|
2,976 | Throb is a song by American singer Janet Jackson from her fifth studio album , janet . ( 1993 ) . It was written and produced by Jackson , James Harris III and Terry Lewis and is a house song which lyrically is about sex with a partner . It was released commercially in the Netherlands as the album 's sixth single on June 18 , 1994 , while in the United States it was a radio only release . Throb was well received by critics who appreciated its production . While it did not chart in the Netherlands , in the United States the song peaked at number 66 on the airplay chart and number two on the Hot Dance Club Play chart . The song was performed on three of Jackson 's tours . Composition Throb begins with Jackson saying come for me , before promising to boom , boom , boom until noon , noon , noon with her sexual partner . I can feel your body pressed against my body Wrap yourself around me Love to feel you throbbing , the singer sang amid moans , elements of house music , C C Music Factory esque beats and a saxophone loop . Chuck Arnold from Philadelphia Daily News noted the song 's surprisingly frank dirty talk with the lyric I can feel your body Pressed against my body When you start to unk ' Love to feel you unk ' . MuuMuse described the song writing that the track swells and deflates in an aching , circular motion not unlike a musical orgasm . An exclusive remix of Throb , the Morales unk Mix , was included on Jackson 's remix compilation album Janet Remixed in 1995 . Peter Rauhofer remixed Throb in 2013 and released the remix on Valentine 's Day . Critical reception Throb received positive reviews from music critics . Billboard , while reviewing the album on its twentieth anniversary , said , If the production sounds a little dated now , the overtly sexual vibes on this track are pretty timeless and still risqu for the early 90s . Robert Christgau called the song orgiastic . MuuMuse gave a positive review for Throb , defining it as a ' 90 's purist 's house track , featuring classic dance rhythms and beat breaks . The reviewer continued saying the song is a much grittier experience than the slinky seduction of Madonna 's Erotica single released the year before , and finished saying Surprisingly however , the track has aged brilliantly , and listening to it now is still an overly enjoyable experience . Sputnikmusic considered that Throb has a sexy workout feel . Philadelphia Daily News 's Chuck Arnold called the song a deep house jam with a unk ' bass line . A reviewer for unk commented that for the pulsing song , Jackson became a house music diva . Complex noted that Throb is the hip house tantric jam that 's Janet at her most explicit moans , groans , ' damn , baby ' , you get the picture , yes . Sal Cinquemani from Slant Magazine commented Even the nearly structure less ' Throb ' , ... feels like a ( perhaps unintentional ) parody of Madonna 's ' Erotica ' , right down to the hard , house orgy beats . Chart performance Throb was released as a commercial single in the Netherlands but failed to chart there . In the United States , the song was not released commercially . However , it was sent to mainstream radios and charted on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay , peaking at number 66 . The song 's B side , And On and On , went on to chart as well at number 28 . And On and On also peaked at number twelve on the Hot R B Hip Hop Airplay chart . However , according to Billboard 's regulations , both songs were ineligible to chart on the Billboard Hot 100 , due to their lack of a physical release in the US . However , Throb enjoyed success on the Hot Dance Club Songs chart , eventually reaching number two . Additionally , Throb topped Hot Dance Singles Sales as a B side to Any Time , Any Place . Live performances Jackson performed Throb on Saturday Night Live along with Any Time , Any Place . It was added to the Janet World Tour in 1993 . During the performance , the screens swirled with techno style patterns of fractal curves . According to Robert Hilburn from Los Angeles Times , it was performed with equal energy and style of the album 's quality . The song was performed after a frenzied medley of What Have You Done for Me Lately , The Pleasure Principle and Nasty on The Velvet Rope Tour in 1998 . After the performance , a red crushed velvet curtain closed the stage , and a hidden light and sound came . The medley at the October 11 , 1998 show in New York City , at the Madison Square Garden , was broadcast during a special titled The Velvet Rope Live in Madison Square Garden by HBO . It was also added to the setlist at its DVD release , The Velvet Rope Tour Live in Concert in 1999 . The song was also used as an interlude on the Number Ones Up Close and Personal tour in 2011 . It was also included on the 2015 2016 Unbreakable World Tour . Track listings Dutch CD single Any Time , Any Place ( R. Kelly Mix ) 5 11 Throb 4 34 Dutch CD maxi single Throb 4 34 Throb ( David Morales Legendary Dub Mix ) 7 27 And on and On 4 49 Any Time , Any Place ( R. Kelly Mix ) 5 11 UK 12 promo single A1 . Throb ( David Morales Legendary Club Mix ) 9 05 B1 . Throb ( David Morales Legendary Dub Mix ) 7 27 B2 . Throb 4 34 Credits and personnel Janet Jackson all vocals , songwriter , producer Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis songwriters , producers , all instruments Tina Landon additional vocals Josie Harris additional vocals Mixed by Dave Rideau at Steve Hodge at Flyte Tyme Studios , Edina , Minnesota . Charts
|
2,977 | M 119 is a 27 . 548 mile ( 44 . 334 km ) state trunkline highway entirely within Emmet County in the US state of Michigan . The highway follows the shore of Lake Michigan and the Little Traverse Bay , with its southern terminus at US Highway 31 ( US 31 ) near Bay View , about four miles ( 6 . 4 km ) east of Petoskey the northern terminus is at a junction with county roads C 66 and C 77 in Cross Village . North of Harbor Springs , the highway is known as the Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route . This section of highway lacks a centerline and is known for its scenic beauty . On an average day , between 2 , 000 and 15 , 000 vehicles use various parts of the highway . The first highways along the route of the modern M 119 was a section of the original M 13 designated by July 1 , 1919 . This highway was later redesignated M 131 in late 1926 , a designation it held until 1979 . During this timeframe , another highway bore the M 119 moniker in the southern part of the state near Paw Paw from the 1930s until the early 1970s . In between 1926 and 1979 , M 131 was extended and truncated on both its northern and southern ends at various times . Since the M 119 designation was applied to the current highway , no changes have been made to the routing . Route description M 119 starts at an intersection with US 31 about four miles ( 6 . 4 km ) northeast of Petoskey near the community of Bay View in Bear Creek Township . The highway runs north between Petoskey State Park on the west and Round Lake on the east as it rounds the east end of Little Traverse Bay . The trunkline passes the eastern and northern edges of the Harbor Springs Municipal Airport as it turns westward near the junction with C 81 ( Pleasantview Road ) . Through this area , M 119 runs through the community of unk and forests just inland from the bay 's northern shore . As it passes into the city limits of Harbor Springs , the highway follows Main Street into downtown . It turns north and then westward along State Street in the middle of town , intersecting the southern end of C 77 in the central business district . M 119 continues westward , passing through a residential area on Bluff Drive as it leaves the city . From Harbor Springs on , M 119 is the Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route , one of the Pure Michigan Byways in the state . Bluff Drive becomes Lake Shore Drive near the Harbor Point Golf Course , and M 119 turns northward to follow the Lake Michigan shoreline at the mouth of Little Traverse Bay . The roadway meanders through oaks , maples , birch and cedars along an old Ottawa trail . The writers at National Geographic said that only sometimes can you catch glimmers of Lake Michigan through the trees , but the dense foliage lends beauty to the winding road . Along this area of the routing , the highway narrows in width and continues through the forest without a centerline most of the remainder of the way . As the Michigan Department of Transportation ( MDOT ) states on their website , M 119 is not a road for those in a hurry . the trunkline continues through the community of Good Hart up the Lake Michigan shoreline to the community of Cross Village . M 119 , and state maintenance , end at the intersection between Lake Shore Drive and C 66 C 77 ( State Road ) in the middle of town . As part of the state 's maintenance of M 119 , MDOT tracks the volume of traffic that uses the roadway . These volumes are expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic , which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway . MDOT 's surveys in 2010 showed that the highest traffic levels along M 119 were the 14 , 647 vehicles daily near the southern terminus the lowest counts were the 2 , 036 vehicles per day at the northern terminus . None of M 119 has been listed on the National Highway System , a network of roads important to the country 's economy , defense , and mobility . The Discovery Channel named the roadway as one of the Top 10 Motorcycle Rides in North America . History Previous designation The first incarnation c . 1930 of the M 119 designation ran four miles ( 6 . 4 km ) south from US 12 in Paw Paw south to Lawton in Van Buren County . By the middle of 1936 , it had been extended further south to US 112 near Mottville . In 1971 , all of M 119 was redesignated as M 40 . Current designation The current highway was designated in 1979 , replacing the former route of M 131 the routing has remained unchanged since . This section of highway had been part of M 13 on July 1 , 1919 , when the state trunkline highway system debuted . Later on November 11 , 1926 , M 13 south of Fife Lake was redesignated as part of US 131 , and the remainder of M 13 was designated as M 131 . Until 1933 , M 131 had terminated in Harbor Springs the highway was extended to the north along Little Traverse Bay and the Lake Michigan shoreline through the community of Good Hart before terminating in Cross Village . This section of highway would be stripped of its designation in 1937 and truncated back to Harbor Springs . In late 1938 or early 1939 , the State Highway Department extended US 131 along the M 131 corridor to Petoskey . This allowed US 131 to finally connect to its parent , US 31 for the first time since their inception in 1926 . The MSHD re extended M 131 back to Cross Village in 1945 . The highway remained as such until 1967 when a slight realignment was made in Emmet County along the lakeshore as M 131 is routed on to its final alignment . Major intersections The entire highway is in Emmet County .
|
2,978 | My Man is a song by English singer Jade Ewen . It was written by Ina Wroldsen , and produced by Harry Sommerdahl and Kalle Engstrom for Ewen 's debut studio album . The song was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 17 September 2009 . Musically , My Man is a pop and contemporary R B and song backed by electro and R B beats and a synthesizer . It is notably different from her previous single It 's My Time , which was composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber for the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 . My Man was positively reviewed by critics , who praised the chorus and Ewen 's vocals . The song peaked at number 35 on the UK Singles Chart and number 13 on the UK R B Chart . Promotion for the single was cancelled after Ewen joined girl group Sugababes to replace founding member Keisha Buchanan . The accompanying music video for My Man was directed by Urban Strom and filmed in July 2009 in Beverly Hills , near Los Angeles , California . It features Ewen 's love interest using a torch to search for her in a mansion . Background unk development In January 2009 , Ewen participated in the UK national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 . She was eventually selected to represent the UK with the song It 's My Time , composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber who accompanied her on piano onstage . Ewen was placed fifth on the contest , which was the highest placing for the UK since 2002 . Having already signed with Polydor Records before the Eurovision selection , Ewen began working on her debut album . My Man was written by Ina Wroldsen , and produced by Harry Sommerdahl and Kalle Engstrom . In September 2009 , it was reported that Sugababes member Amelle Berrabah had left the group and Ewen would be replacing her position in the band . Further suspicion arose amid an announcement that Ewen was taking time off from all promotional activity for the foreseeable future . However , it was announced on 21 September 2009 that founding Sugababes member Keisha Buchanan had left the band . Ewen was immediately announced as her replacement , and promotion for My Man thereafter was ceased . Composition and lyrics My Man is a pop and R B song with influences of unk described by Nick Levine of Digital Spy as a sassy R B club banger . The song is notably different from her previous ballad , It 's My Time , featuring a more contemporary R B sound than the latter . Speaking upon the change in musical direction , Ewen clarified What I 'm now doing now is really me , sic so if people don 't like it I 'm going to take it more personally . My Man opens with electro and bass driven R B beats , synthesizers that are reminiscent of those featured in Yeah by Usher , and later develops into a pop R B unk . The lyrical content of My Man is about a woman who pledges devotion to a man who sounds almost too good to be true . Ewen stated that the lyrics were not directed at any man in particular . Reception Critical My Man received positive reviews from critics . Nick Levine of Digital Spy gave the song a four out of five star rating and called it very good contemporary pop and a complete U turn from It 's My Time . Philip Ellwood of Entertainment Focus praised the song 's chorus , in addition to Ewen 's vocal performance . He also wrote that the end result is a monster hit waiting to happen and a single that is better than it has any right to be . unk commended the song as instantly catchy and memorable . Vicki Lutas of BBC described My Man as sexy , strong and ferocious . She applauded the chorus , but admitted that the song sounds a bit generic and lacks Jade 's sparkle . Commercial My Man debuted and peaked at number 35 on the UK Singles Chart for the issue dated 3 October 2009 , and became Ewen 's second consecutive top forty single after It 's My Time , which peaked at number 27 earlier in the year . On the UK R B Chart , My Man peaked at number 13 . Promotion Music video The music video for My Man was directed by Urban Strom and produced by Danny Germaine in July 2009 . It was shot in a mansion in Beverly Hills , Los Angeles , California . For the video , the singer wore a clingy white vest and hotpants . It begins with showing a man who is in bed and cannot sleep . Ewen is later shown in the mansion which prompts the man to turn on the light of a torch , leave the bed and search for her . Ewen then begins dancing on the wall as the torch is being flashed at her by the man . During the second verse , she is shown singing on a couch , again with the torch being flashed . When the song 's bridge begins , Ewen is shown dancing outside on the porch where the man is watching her . As the video ends , it is revealed that the man was dreaming , in which Ewen appears near the room 's curtains . The video was well received by critics . A writer from the website Female First described the video as glamorous , while Nadia Mendoza of The Sun called Ewen a natural and stated that she oozes with sex appeal as she flirts with the camera at the plush Beverly Hills mansion . Mendoza also praised the revamp of her image and described her as looking sizzling in new shots . Live performances Ewen first performed My Man on BBC Switch on 8 July 2009 . She wore a white coloured shirt , blue jeans and pink high heels . Further promotion for the song was cancelled after Ewen joined the Sugababes she clarified that her solo career would be put to one side , saying The Sugababes is my main project . Formats and track listings Charts Release history
|
2,979 | Keechaka Vadham ( English The Extermination of Keechaka ) alternatively spelt as Keechaka unk , is an Indian silent film produced , directed , filmed and edited by R. Nataraja Mudaliar . The film is based on an episode from the Hindu epic Mahabharata focusing on the characters Kichaka and Draupadi it stars Raju Mudaliar as Keechaka and Jeevarathnam as Draupadi , the female lead . Keechaka Vadham was the first silent film made in South India . The film was shot in five weeks at Nataraja Mudaliar 's studio , India Film Company . Despite being a silent film , the cast members were from Tamil Nadu , hence it was also considered the first Tamil film . Keechaka Vadham received critical acclaim upon its release and went on to become a commercially successful venture . The film 's success prompted Nataraja Mudaliar to make a series of similar historical films . Because no print of the film is known to survive , this makes it a lost film . Cast Raju Mudaliar as Keechaka Jeevarathnam as Draupadi Production unk , a wealthy landowner based in Thanjavur , had owned a Williamson 35mm camera and a printer purchased in England . R. Nataraja Mudaliar , then an automobile dealer in Madras , had taken the entire equipment from him at a price of less than 2 , 000 , thereby making his debut in the film industry . Nataraja Mudaliar developed a passion for moving pictures after watching the films of Dadasaheb Phalke . At the time cinematographers from Britain were filming a documentary on Lord Curzon , then the Governor General and Viceroy of India . Nataraja Mudaliar got introduced to Stewart Smith , one of the cinematographers who worked in the documentary , and learned about the basics of photography in film making through him . This eventually led to Nataraja Mudaliar establishing his production house , India Film Company . He brought together some of his business associates , allowing them to invest in the production house , and established South India 's first film studio on Miller 's Road , Purasawalkam , Madras . Nataraja Mudaliar sought the advice of his friend , unk unk Mudaliar , one of the founding fathers of the Renaissance of Tamil Theatre , who suggested that he should unk the story of the Mahabharata characters Draupadi and Kichaka . Some of Nataraja Mudaliar 's relatives objected to it as they felt that it was not a proper story for his debut venture . But Nataraja Mudaliar decided to proceed and launched his maiden film titled Keechaka Vadham , which was based on an episode from the Mahabharatha . The episode follows the attempts made by Keechaka , one of the generals of King Virata , to woo and marry Draupadi before she reports about it to Bhima , who kills him . Nataraja Mudaliar was not a writer , so he had to take assistance from his close friend C. unk , a lawyer by profession . Besides writing the screenplay , unk agreed to coach artistes on sets . Nataraja Mudaliar engaged stage actors Raja Mudaliar and Jeevarathnam to play the roles of Keechaka and Draupadi respectively . The total budget of the film was 35 , 000 , which was then considered high . According to film historian S. Muthiah , filming began in 1917 , and was shot in a span of five weeks . The entire film was shot at the India Film Company . The film 's intertitles were written in English , Tamil and Hindi . The Tamil intertitles were written by unk unk Mudaliar while the Hindi intertitles were written by Mahatma Gandhi 's son Devdas Gandhi . Nataraja Mudaliar also handled the film 's production , cinematography and editing . Despite being a silent film , the cast was filled with Tamil people , hence it was considered the first Tamil film . The final length of the film was 6 , 000 ft ( 1 , 800 m ) . Release and legacy Keechaka Vadham was the first silent film made in South India . According to film historian Randor Guy , Nataraja Mudaliar established a film laboratory of his own in Bangalore to process the film negatives as there was no film laboratory in Madras . Nataraja Mudaliar believed that Bangalore 's colder climate would be kind to his exposed film stock . He processed the film negatives there each weekend and return on Monday morning to resume the film 's shooting . According to Muthiah , Keechaka Vadham was released in January 1918 at the Elphinstone Theatre . He states that the film netted 50 , 000 after being screened throughout India and in Burma , Ceylon , the Federated Malay States and Singapore resulting in a yield of 15 , 000 , a tidy profit in those days . According to writer Firoze Rangoonwalla , a reviewer from The Mail rated the film 's success highly by commenting It has been prepared with great care and is drawing full houses . With the film 's critical and commercial success , Nataraja Mudaliar had created history . No print of it is known to survive , so it is considered a lost film . The success of the film incited Nataraja Mudaliar to make a series of historical films such as Draupadi unk ( 1918 ) , Lava Kusa ( 1919 ) , Shiv Leela ( 1919 ) , Rukmini Satyabhama ( 1922 ) and Mahi Ravana ( 1923 ) . In 1923 , the death of his son that occurred in a fire accident which also burnt up his entire studio led Nataraja Mudaliar to retire from filmmaking and close up shop . Nataraja Mudaliar is widely recognised as the father of Tamil cinema and his films helped in laying the foundation for the South Indian cinema industry . Nataraja Mudaliar 's work inspired unk unk , son of unk unk Naidu , later revered as the father of Telugu cinema , and J. C. Daniel , who was later revered as the father of Malayalam cinema . Books Newspapers Websites
|
2,980 | The Zanzibar women 's national football team , nicknamed the Zanzibar Queens , is the women 's representative team from Zanzibar , a semi autonomous part of Tanzania . Founded in 1988 , the team has limited recognition as the regional governing body , the Zanzibar Football Association , is a full member of the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations ( CECAFA ) and Confederation of African Football ( CAF ) , but Zanzibar Football Association is not recognised by Fdration Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) as an independent national association . The national team was supposed to have its first international matches in the CECAFA Women 's Challenge Cup in October 2007 , but the event was cancelled . The team plays domestically against men 's sides in Zanzibar . The development of women 's football in Zanzibar faces several challenges specific to Africa and their own islands , including efforts to politicize the game . Background and development of women 's football Zanzibar is a territory consisting of two main islands , Unguja Zanzibar and Pemba , and is a semi autonomous part of Tanzania with its own government . As of the 2002 census , it had a total population of 984 , 625 . Women 's football in Africa has not developed compared to elsewhere because of a variety of factors , including limited access to education , poverty amongst women in the wider society , and fundamental inequality present in the society that occasionally allows for female specific human rights abuses . Another problem with the development of the game throughout the continent is that higher ability players leave to play in Europe or the United States . According to Kuhn , funding for the game on a regional level is problematic as national associations do not fund the women 's game adequately . Zanzibar has unique problems relating to the development of the women 's game including pressures for female players to wear the hijab while playing and pressure from male family members not to participate as their involvement may bring shame to the family . There is minimal support for the game at schools , with the national federation not responding to requests from the national team coach to work harder to get girls to play the sport in school . A national women 's league was created in 2004 after a 26 year effort . Five teams competed in the inaugural season Women Fighters , unk FC , unk Sisters , unk Sisters and unk FC . Women Fighters won the first two editions of the league , however , the league has since collapsed . Team Founded in 1988 by unk Juma Mohammed of Tanzania , the Women Fighters was Zanzibar 's first women 's football club , which the national team was built on , and the team was created at a time when there were very few women 's national teams in existence . Prior to 1988 , women had played informally or on men 's only teams several of these players , as well as those from other sports , including badminton , made up the inaugural team . The team soon played a game against the touring Swedish women 's club side , unk FF in Zanzibar 's largest football stadium , losing the game 0 15 at unk Stadium . At the time the team was created , there were few opportunities for it to compete against other women 's teams in Zanzibar , but they have played and sometimes beaten men 's teams in Zanzibar while receiving support from the Zanzibar Football Association and Zanzibar 's Ministry of Sport . The players do not wear a hijab or cover up as part of their kit , which has led to criticism from religious leaders for playing in public while wearing shorts and jersey tops , instead of covering their bodies according to Muslim custom . The team trains in Stone Town at the Mao Tse Tung Stadium . Player recruitment and retention has been a problem because some members of the national team have been prohibited from playing by their husbands or family members . Male relatives of the Fighters team have beaten players because they disgrace them . National team players are eligible to play for Tanzania in all competitions . Aziza unk and Sabai Yusuf are two Zanzibar based players who have participated in a Tanzanian national team training camp . As of 2011 , Mohammed remained the team 's head coach . The national association , founded in 1926 , is recognised by the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations ( CECAFA ) , but not by Fdration Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) despite repeated attempts for such recognition . The federation is a member of CAF and the national team is limited in their ability to compete in sanctioned events by these organisations . Zanzibar were meant to play in the inaugural CECAFA Women 's Challenge Cup in October 2007 , but the tournament was ultimately cancelled because of an inability to attain funding from CECAFA to cover costs connected to the competition . The competition was to have been jointly funded by CAF and CECAFA . The CECAFA secretary , Nicholas Musonye said of the event , CAF wants to develop women football in this region in recognition of the milestones CECAFA has achieved over the years . CAF appreciates what CECAFA has done despite the hardships the association has gone through , from financial problems to political instability in member states and poor management of associations . Member states in the CECAFA region have not taken women 's football seriously . CAF now wants to sponsor a long term campaign to attract women from this region into the game . In 2007 , a movie was made about the team called Zanzibar Soccer Queens . The film was featured at the BFI London Film Festival in 2007 .
|
2,981 | Boletus pinophilus , commonly known as the pine bolete or pinewood king bolete , is a basidiomycete fungus of the genus Boletus found throughout Europe . For many years , Boletus pinophilus was considered a subspecies or form of the porcini mushroom B. edulis . In 2008 , B. pinophilus in western North America were reclassified as a new species , Boletus rex veris . Boletus pinophilus is edible , and may be preserved and cooked . The fungus grows predominantly in coniferous forests , forming symbiotic ectomycorrhizal associations with living trees by enveloping the tree 's underground roots with sheaths of fungal tissue . The fungus produces spore bearing fruit bodies above ground in summer and autumn . The large , edible fruiting bodies known as mushrooms appear under pine trees , generally in summer and autumn . It has a matte brown to maroon coloured cap and its stem is often large and swollen , and the overall colour may have an orange red tinge . As with other boletes , the size of the fruiting body is variable . Taxonomy Italian naturalist Carlo unk was the first to recognise the pine bolete as a distinct taxon . It was raised to species status by Antonio Venturi in 1863 . For many years , Boletus pinophilus was considered a variety of Boletus edulis , and before that as Boletus pinicola . This species , while no longer treated as a variety of B. edulis , is classified in Boletus section Boletus , and hence , as a close relative of B. edulis . It gained its current name in 1973 , described by Czech mycologists Albert Pilt and Aurel Dermek . Its specific epithet is a mix of Latin unk pine , and Ancient Greek unk loving . Boletus pinicola is a synonym subsequently found to be an invalid name . Common names include the pine bolete , and the pinewood king bolete . In 2008 , a taxonomic revision of western North American populations of this species was published , formally establishing them as a distinct species , Boletus rex veris . Phylogenetic analysis has shown B. pinophilus as a member of a clade , or closely related group , with the North American species B. unk , unk subalpinus , B. regineus , B. fibrillosus , and B. rex veris . Despite the diverse appearances , these taxa are close genetically , leading Feng and colleagues to speculate on combining the first four taxa above as a single species . These four diverged from the lineage that gave rise to B. fibrillosus and B. rex veris around 5 million years ago . Description The fruiting body has a convex shaped cap , at first small in relation to its stipe , expanding in volume as it matures . The skin of the cap is dry , matte and can be coloured from maroon to chocolate brown with a reddish tint . These characteristics distinguish it visually from relatives such as Boletus edulis , Boletus reticulatus and Boletus aereus . The young , immature cap may have a pale pink colour and a white , powdery flush . Measuring 4 10 cm ( 1 . 6 4 in ) tall by 3 8 ( 1 . 2 2 . 2 in ) cm wide , the bulbous stipe is often large , swollen and imposing , bearing a network . The overall colour may have an orange red tinge which is more obvious in the lowest parts , although this is also common in other species . As with all boletes , the size of the fruiting body can be very variable . The cap diameter can be as much as 30 cm ( 12 in ) and stem height 15 cm ( 6 in ) . Like other boletes , Boletus pinophilus has small pores on the underside of its cap rather than gills . These are coloured white at first , becoming yellow with age and olivaceous brown at full maturity . The spores are cylindric ellipsoid , smooth , with oil drops and dimensions 15 . 5 20 by 4 . 5 5 . 5 m . They produce an olive brown spore print . Distribution and habitat In Europe , Boletus pinophilus is found in Britain , where it is more common in Scotland , and in France , where it is more common in the south . The bolete is considered vulnerable in the Czech Republic . It is sold commercially in Finland . Boletus pinophilus forms ectomycorrhizal relationships with pine ( Pinus ) , fir ( Abies ) and spruce ( Picea ) . It can therefore be located wherever those trees grow , particularly with Scots pine in Britain , preferring the poor , acidic , and sandy soils associated with coniferous forests . It appears to favour Pinus , while the form of the mushroom occurring in association with Abies and Picea has been labeled Boletus pinophilus var. unk . However , it is not confined to coniferous trees and may also be found fruiting in deciduous forests , such as under chestnut trees . Fruiting bodies can occur singly , or in small groups throughout the summer and autumn months , although they are known to appear as early as April in Italy . Edibility The Boletus pinophilus is edible , and may be used fresh , preserved , dried and cooked in a manner similar to that of other edible boletes . It is highly regarded and can be quite expensive in central Mexico , and is often sold dried there . The flesh is white , soft in mature specimens and does not change colour upon bruising . The taste and smell is pleasant . People of La Malinche have likened the flavour to pork and pork crackling . It is easily misidentified as the porcini Boletus edulis , due to the similar habitat and appearance . Boletus pinophilus is known to be a unk of the heavy metals mercury , cadmium and selenium . To reduce exposure , authorities recommend avoiding mushrooms from polluted areas such as those near mines , smelters , roadways , incinerators and disposal sites . Furthermore , pores should be removed as they contain the highest concentrations of pollutants .
|
2,982 | The Fortezza ( Greek unk , from Italian for fortress ) is the citadel of the city of Rethymno in Crete , Greece . It was built by the Venetians in the 16th century , and was captured by the Ottomans in 1646 . By the early 20th century , many houses were built within the citadel . These were demolished after World War II , leaving only a few historic buildings within the Fortezza . Today , the citadel is in good condition and is open to the public . History Background The Fortezza is built on a hill called unk ( meaning Old Castle ) , which was the site of ancient unk 's acropolis . Between the 10th and 13th centuries , the Byzantines established a fortified settlement to the east of the hill . It was called Castrum unk , and it had square towers and two gates . The fortifications were repaired by Enrico unk in the beginning of the 13th century . After Crete fell to the Republic of Venice , the settlement became known as the Castel Vecchio or unk Castello , which both mean old castle . Under Venetian rule , a small harbour was built in Rethymno , which became the third most important city on Crete after Heraklion and Chania . On 8 April 1540 , a line of fortifications began to be built around the city . The walls were designed by the architect Michele unk , and were completed in around 1570 . These fortifications were not strong enough to withstand a large assault , and when unk Ali Reis attacked in 1571 , the Ottomans captured and sacked the city . Construction and later Venetian rule Following the fall of Cyprus to the Ottomans in 1571 , Crete became the largest remaining Venetian overseas possession . Since Rethymno had been sacked , it was decided that new fortifications needed to be built to protect the city and its harbour . The new fortress , which was built on the unk hill , was designed by the military engineer Sforza Pallavicini according to the Italian bastioned system . Construction began on 13 September 1573 , and it was complete by 1580 . The fortress was built under the master builder Giannis unk , and a total of 107 , 142 Cretans and 40 , 205 animals took part in its construction . Although the original plan had been to demolish the old fortifications of Rethymno and move the inhabitants into the Fortezza , it was too small to house the entire city . The walls along the landward approach to the city were left intact , and the Fortezza became a citadel housing the Venetian administration of the city . It was only to be used by the inhabitants of the city in the case of an Ottoman invasion . Over the years , a number of modifications were made to the fortress . Nonetheless , it was never truly secure as it lacked a ditch and outworks , and the ramparts were rather low . Ottoman rule and recent history On 29 September 1646 , during the Fifth Ottoman Venetian War , an Ottoman force besieged Rethymno , and the city 's population took refuge in the Fortezza . Conditions within the citadel deteriorated , due to disease and a lack of food and ammunition . The Venetians surrendered under favourable terms on 13 November . The Ottomans did not make any major changes to the Fortezza , except the construction of a ravelin outside the main gate . They also built some houses for the garrison and the city 's administration , and they converted the cathedral into a mosque . The fort remained in use until the early 20th century . By the early 20th century , many residential buildings were located in the Fortezza . Following the end of World War II , the city began to expand and many of the inhabitants moved elsewhere in the city . Rethymno 's landward fortifications and many houses within the Fortezza were demolished at this point , but the walls of the Fortezza were left intact . At one point , the local prison was housed within the Fortezza . Large scale restoration work has been under way since the early 1990s . The Fortezza is managed by the Ministry of Culture and Sports , and it is open to the public . The Ottoman ravelin now houses the Archaeological Museum of Rethymno . Layout The Fortezza of Rethymno has an irregular plan , and its walls have a total length of 1 , 307 m ( 4 , 288 ft ) . The walls contain the following demi bastions St Nicolas Bastion the demi bastion at the east end of the fortress . It contains a Venetian era building which was possibly originally a storehouse or laboratory . St Paul Bastion the demi bastion at the southeast end of the fortress . It is also known as Santa Maria Bastion . St Elias Bastion the demi bastion at the south end of the fortress . It contains the unk open air theatre , which was opened in 1993 . St Lucas Bastion the demi bastion at the southwest end of the fortress . The fort 's main gate is located on the east side , between St Nicolas and St Paul Bastions . It is protected by an Ottoman era ravelin , which now serves as the Archaeological Museum of Rethymno . Two smaller gates are located in the west and north sides of the fortress . A number of buildings are located within the Fortezza , including the Mosque of Sultan Ibrahim , which was formerly the Cathedral of St Nicolas . a building near the mosque , which was possibly the Bishop 's residence . the House of the Rector , which was the residence of the governor of the province of Rethymno . Only its prisons have survived . the Council Building , which housed part of the Venetian administration of Rethymno . the churches of St Theodore and St Catherine , which were both built in the late 19th century . The fortress also contains an armoury , two gunpowder magazines , storage rooms and several cisterns .
|
2,983 | Robert Ralph Furman ( August 21 , 1915 October 14 , 2008 ) was a civil engineer who during World War II was the chief of foreign intelligence for the Manhattan Engineer District directing espionage against the German nuclear energy project . He participated in the Alsos Mission , which conducted a series of operations with the intent to place all uranium in Europe into Allied hands , and at the end of the war rounded up German atomic scientists to keep them out of the Soviet Union . He personally escorted half of the uranium 235 necessary for the Little Boy atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian . He was also a key figure overseeing the construction of The Pentagon building . After the war he founded Furman Builders Inc . , a construction company that built hundreds of structures , including the Potomac Mills shopping mall in Woodbridge , Virginia . Early life Robert Ralph Furman was born on August 21 , 1915 , in Trenton , New Jersey , one of five sons of William and Leila unk Furman . His father was a bank teller , and his mother worked as a riveter during World War II . He attended Princeton University and graduated in 1937 with a degree in civil engineering . He then worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad and a construction company in New York . World War II In December 1940 , Furman was activated as a member of the United States Army Reserve and assigned to the Quartermaster Corps Construction Division , where he worked for Colonel Leslie R. Groves , Jr . , supervising the day to day construction of The Pentagon . When the building was completed in 1943 , Groves was reassigned to the Manhattan Project and brought his aide , Furman , with him . In August 1943 Furman was put in charge of an intelligence effort formed by Groves in response to concerns raised by atomic bomb project scientists about the German nuclear energy project . As director of intelligence , Furman was responsible for ascertaining the progress the Germans were making . In December 1943 , Groves sent Furman to Britain to discuss the establishment of a London Liaison Office for the Manhattan Project and the British government , and to confer over coordinating the intelligence effort . Furman sent the spy Moe Berg to Switzerland to meet the head of the German project , Werner Heisenberg . After chatting with Heisenberg at a cocktail party , Berg concluded that the Germans were a long way behind the Allied effort . Furman travelled to Rome in June 1944 , where he interviewed Italian scientists about the German project . When the Alsos Mission found documentation in office of Union Minire in Antwerp that indicated over 1 , 000 tons of refined uranium had been sent to Germany , but about 150 tons still remained at Olen , Belgium , Groves sent Furman back to Europe with orders to secure the Olen cache . The Alsos Mission located 68 tons there , but another 80 tons was missing , having been shipped to France in 1940 ahead of the German invasion of Belgium . Groves had the Olen uranium shipped to England and , ultimately , to the United States . Documentation indicated that the missing uranium had been sent to Toulouse . An Alsos Mission team under Boris Pash 's command reached Toulouse on October 1 and inspected a French Army arsenal with a Geiger counter . When the needle jumped near some barrels , they were inspected and found to be the 31 tons of uranium from Belgium . The 3342nd Quartermaster Truck Company was released from the Red Ball Express to retrieve the shipment . The barrels were collected and transported to Marseilles , where Furman supervised their loading on a ship bound for the United States . In April 1945 , Furman participated in Operation unk . The Alsos Mission and the 1269th Engineer Combat Battalion occupied Haigerloch , where they found and destroyed a German experimental nuclear reactor , and recovered uranium and heavy water . The Alsos Mission took Heisenberg into custody on May 2 . Furman supervised his detention and that of nine other German scientists , who were taken to Rheims , then Versailles , and finally to the country estate of Farm Hall in England , where their conversations were monitored and where they could not defect to the Soviet Union . In July 1945 , Furman personally escorted half of the uranium 235 necessary for the Little Boy atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian . Accompanied by Captain James F. Nolan , a radiologist with Project Alberta , Furman set out by car from Santa Fe to Albuquerque on July 14 , then travelled by air to Hamilton Field , California . The men boarded the cruiser USS Indianapolis at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard , and crossed the Pacific to Tinian , arriving on July 26 . A few days after leaving Tinian , the Indianapolis was torpedoed and sunk by a Japanese submarine with the loss of over 800 men . Later life Furman left the army the year after the war ended and founded Furman Builders Inc. in Rockville , Maryland . The firm built hundreds of homes , schools and commercial buildings , including the Potomac Mills shopping mall in Woodbridge , Virginia , the Metropolitan Baptist Church in Washington , D.C. , and the United States embassy in Nicaragua . He married Mary Eddy in 1952 . They had four children a son , David , and three daughters , Martha Keating , Julia Costello and Serena Furman . For the most part , Furman kept quiet about his exploits during the war . He served as president of the local rotary club and sang baritone in a barbershop quartet . He retired in 1993 , and died of metastatic melanoma on October 14 , 2008 at Buckingham 's Choice retirement community in Adamstown , Maryland at the age of 93 .
|
2,984 | Mycena atkinsoniana is a species of agaric fungus in the Mycenaceae family . It is one of the so called bleeding mycenas that will ooze yellow to orange juice when injured . Other distinguishing features include the upper stem surface that is decorated with tiny purplish brown fibers , and the gills , which are pale yellow with maroon edges . The reddish brown caps are smooth with a grooved margin , and up to 3 cm ( 1 . 2 in ) wide . Mycena atkinsoniana is known from the United States and Canada , where it grows scattered or in groups on leaf litter in forests during the summer and autumn . It was originally described from collections associated with beech , but it is also frequently found under eastern North American oaks . Taxonomy The species was first described in 1935 as Mycena fagicola by American mycologist Alexander H. Smith , based on specimens that he collected the previous year in Cross Village , Michigan . The naming , however , was illegitimate , as it had been previously used by Camille unk ( as Mycena fagicola unk apud unk published in 1885 ) , so Smith changed the specific epithet to atkinsoniana in his 1947 monograph on North American Mycena species . Smith credited George Francis Atkinson with one of the early collections of the fungus in his 1935 species description . Mycena specialist Rudolph Arnold Maas Geesteranus agreed with Smith 's decision to change the epithet , concluding that although unk 's name was a nomen nudum ( written without an adequate description ) , he conceded that the possibility cannot be excluded that one day some overlooked 19th century booklet or unk will turn up containing a description . Description The cap is 1 30 mm ( 0 . 04 1 . 18 in ) broad , initially obtuse to convex , later becoming broadly umbonate . Eventually the cap flattens , sometimes with the disc ( the central region of the cap ) slightly depressed . The cap margin initially touches the stem as it expands it becomes somewhat wavy . The extreme margin is marked by small lines , grooves or ridges when the cap is moist . The cap is initially covered with white powdery granules , but this later sloughs off to leave a smooth surface . The disc is brownish when young , but soon develops reddish tones older specimens are bay to Isabella , with lighter colored margins . The flesh is buff colored , and oozes an orange yellow juice when cut . The gills have an adnate attachment to the stem . They have a close to moderately crowded spacing , with between 23 and 26 gills reaching the stem . The gills are narrow to moderately broad , unk when young , somewhat darker in age , with edges that are maroon , and either crenulate ( finely scalloped ) or even . The stem is 2 4 cm ( 0 . 8 1 . 6 in ) long , 2 3 mm thick , and more or less equal in width throughout . The stem base is rooted among the leaves and debris , and the base is covered with short stiff hairs pressed flat against the surface . Its surface is covered sparsely with minute purplish brown fibrils . The stem is dull reddish brown overall , but the color fades near the top . When mushroom tissue is cut or injured , it oozes a dull reddish brown juice or , in old specimens , a dull orange juice . M. atkinsoniana mushrooms have no distinctive taste or odor . The spores are narrowly to broadly ellipsoid , amyloid ( staining black to blue black in Melzer 's reagent ) , and measure 7 9 by 4 5 m . The basidia ( spore bearing cells ) are four spored and measure 28 30 by 6 7 m . Cheilocystidia are plentiful , and arranged so as to form a sterile band on the edge of the gill . Measuring , they are narrowly fusoid ( tapered at each end ) , smooth , and have dark reddish contents . The pleurocystidia ( cystidia on the gill face ) similar in appearance to the cheilocystidia but far less abundant . Gill tissue is yellowish to very faintly vinaceous brown when stained with iodine . The tissue of the cap consists of several layers . The outer surface comprises a thin cuticle made of narrow hyphae filled with dark reddish material . Underlying this layer this is a region of unk ( swollen like a bladder ) cells , while the remainder of the cap tissue consists of narrower woolly hyphae . Both layers of tissue beneath the cuticle will stain very faintly vinaceous brown in iodine the stem tissue , in contrast , stains dark vinaceous brown in iodine . Similar species The bleeding will distinguish Mycena atkinsoniana from most other Mycena species commonly encountered . The common and widely distributed M. sanguinolenta is another bleeder , but it is smaller than M. unk , with a cap diameter ranging from 3 to 15 mm ( 0 . 1 to 0 . 6 in ) . Additionally , it has distantly spaced gills and a stem that is the same color as the cap , and a dark red juice . M. atkinsoniana is also similar in stature to M. unk ( a non bleeding species ) , but several field characteristics distinguish M. unk , including a radish like odor and taste , a purplish to lilac colored cap , and purple gray gills with dark purple edges . Habitat and distribution The fungus is saprobic , and so derives nutrients from breaking down dead plant material , such as leaves , bark , needles , and twigs , that has fallen to the ground . Fruit bodies are usually found growing in groups or scattered on leaf litter in beech and beech hemlock forests during the summer and autumn , although it has been recorded growing on lawns . It is also often found under eastern North American oaks . The distribution includes the US states Connecticut , New York , Ohio , Michigan , and Vermont . It has also been collected in Quebec , Canada .
|
2,985 | Design A 150 , also known as the Super Yamato class , was an Imperial Japanese plan for a class of battleships . Begun in 1938 39 , the design was mostly complete by 1941 . However , so that a demand for other types of warships could be met , all work on Design A 150 was halted and no keels were laid . Authors William H. Garzke and Robert O. Dulin have argued that Design A 150 would have been the most powerful battleships in history because of the massive size of their main battery of six 510 mm ( 20 in ) guns as well as numerous smaller caliber weapons . Design Background Initial plans for the A 150 battleships called for eight or nine 510 mm ( 20 . 1 in ) guns in quadruple or triple turrets . The successful construction of a 480 mm ( 18 . 9 in ) gun in 1920 1921 made the Japanese confident that a 510 mm ( 20 . 1 in ) could be built . In addition , a top speed of 30 knots ( 56 km h 35 mph ) was desired so that the class would be faster than the United States ' 27 kn ( 31 mph 50 km h ) North Carolina class battleships . However , these grand specifications were curtailed when tests culminated in a ship that had a displacement of some 90 , 000 tons it was felt that ships of this size would be too large and too expensive . Specifications Initial design studies were undertaken after the completion of plans for the Yamato class ( 1938 39 ) they focused on a ship with a displacement nearer to that of the Yamatos . As the Japanese expected that the Americans would be able to obtain the true characteristics of that class ( namely the principal armament of 460 mm ( 18 . 1 in ) ) , the use of 510 mm guns was vital to keep with Japan 's policy of individual ships ' superiority over their American counterparts the A 150s were meant to counter the United States ' reply to the Yamatos . Plans were essentially completed sometime in 1941 however , similar to the fate of documents relating to the Yamato class , most papers and all plans relating to the class were destroyed at the end of the war , meaning that the full specifications of the ships are not known . It is known the ships would have had greater firepower than the Yamato class a main battery of six 510 mm ( 20 . 1 inch ) guns in three twin turrets and a secondary armament of many 100 mm ( 3 . 9 in ) 65 caliber guns . The displacement was to be similar to the Yamato class , which was around 60 , 000 70 , 000 tonnes . The side armor belt was probably going to be 460 mm ( 18 in ) . This was so large that steel mills in Japan were incapable of manufacturing it instead , double strakes of armor plates were going to be used , which would have been much less effective than just one single plate . Armament Although details of the smaller armament planned for the ships are not given in sources , a main battery of six 510 mm ( 20 . 1 in ) 45 caliber guns in dual turrets was definitely planned . These would have been the largest ever fitted to a capital ship , dwarfing the 460 mm ( 18 . 1 in ) guns mounted on the Yamato class . By 1941 , one possibly two of the 510 mm guns were being constructed at the Kure Naval Arsenal and detailed designs of the turrets that would hold the guns were drawn up . The turrets would have weighed 2 , 780 tonnes ( 2 , 740 long tons ) and trained at 2 per second through a range of 120 to port or starboard . The guns themselves could have fired at a maximum rate of 1 to 1 . 5 rounds per minute and be elevated from 5 to 45 , with the elevation rate being 10 per second . They would have weighed 227 t ( 223 long tons ) and would have been 23 . 56 m ( 928 in ) long . The bore length was to have been around 22 . 84 m ( 899 in ) . The armor piercing ammunition would have weighed between 1900 and 2000 kg ( unk unk lbs ) , while the high explosive rounds would have been 1 , 858 kg ( 4 , 096 lb ) . A secondary battery of many 100 mm ( 3 . 9 in ) 65 caliber guns was being considered , although this was not final . This design was the best anti aircraft gun produced by Japan during the Second World War . Overall , the weapons compared very well with other contemporary weapons . The key advantages that made it so successful the high muzzle velocity and a fast rate of fire resulted in a short 350 400 round service life . In anti aircraft defense , their ceiling at 90 was 13 , 000 m ( 43 , 000 ft ) , although the effective range was 11 , 000 m ( 36 , 000 ft ) . They were able to fire 15 21 rounds per minute . In Battleships Axis and Neutral Battleships in World War II , authors William H. Garzke and Robert O. Dulin argued that Design A 150 would have been the most powerful battleships in history because of the titanic main armament and the use of a dual purpose secondary battery . Construction With war on the horizon in early 1941 , all design work was diverted from battleships even though the A 150s ' design was virtually complete so that a demand for aircraft carriers , cruisers , and smaller ships could be met . Even though no work was being done on them , two ships of Design A 150 , provisionally designated as Warships Number 798 and 799 , were projected in a 1942 building program . 798 was to be built in the same dock as Shinano , while 799 was to be built in Kure in the same dock as Yamato after the fourth ship in the class , Warship Number 111 , was launched . Both of the ships ' keels were supposed to be laid in late 1941 or early 1942 , launched in 1944 45 , and finished in 1946 47 . However , the war 's turn against the Japanese after the Battle of Midway meant that the need for ships other than battleships never abated .
|
2,986 | The Tan Chay Wa 's tombstone trial was a sequence of unusual events regarding an inscribed tombstone of a political dissident , Tan Chay Wa , that sparked a court case in Singapore in 1983 . His older brother Tan Chu Boon was arrested and charged on suspicion that he designed an elaborate but ' subversive ' tombstone , which had engraved on it words glorifying the communist cause . The story of the case was later taken up in London by The Sunday Times a few months after the trial , making the case an internationally known issue . History The Malayan National Liberation Front ( MNLF ) , an organisation of the Communist Party of Malaya ( CPM ) , was formed in 1968 to support the overthrow of the governments of Singapore and Malaysia . The countries had been declared independent in 1965 , but the communists rejected their separation . From 1968 to 1974 , the armed struggle included planting booby trap bombs in public places . The MNLF was also involved in collecting supplies such as medicine , explosives and assorted equipment for the Malayan National Liberation Army ( MNLA ) , which was the military arm of the CPM operating in the border area of northern Malaysia and southern Thailand . In 1976 , after a prolonged investigation , Singapore 's Internal Security Department arrested hundreds of MNLF members together with many documents , arms and explosives in a sting operation in Singapore . Twenty three members were released after interrogation , seventeen were detained without trial under the Internal Security Act ( ISA ) and ten turned over to the Malaysian police for suspected involvement in terrorist activities in Malaysia . Tan Chay Wa Tan Chay Wa ( 1948 1983 ) , a political dissident and a senior official of the MNLF , managed to escape from Singapore to Malaysia as the ISD officers closed in on him . Chay Wa was a bus driver and a married man living in Singapore . On 2 June 1979 , Chay Wa was arrested at a vegetable farm in Johor he had a .32 unk semi automatic pistol and seven bullets in his possession . He was convicted under Malaysia 's Essential Security Cases ( Amendment ) Regulations ( unk ) by Johor Bahru 's High Court , which provides for a mandatory death penalty . During his detention , there was an offer by the Government of Belgium to grant him political asylum should he be allowed to leave unk but he was hanged on 18 January 1983 in Kuala Lumpur 's Pudu Prison . Chay Wa 's body was brought back to Singapore by his older brother , Tan Chu Boon . Chu Boon arranged for his brother 's body to be buried in Choa Chu Kang Cemetery on 20 January 1983 . However , Chu Boon was arrested by the Criminal Investigation Department ( CID ) Secret Society Investigation Branch at his flat on 28 May 1983 on suspicion that he designed an elaborate but subversive tombstone , which had engraved on it words glorifying the communist cause . ' Subversive ' tombstone trial At his November 1983 trial , Chu Boon argued in court that he was neither a communist nor did he have political leanings of any kind he did not monitor or even read the proposed inscription handed to him on a piece of paper by his brother 's widow , which was given to the tombstone unk . The inscription in Chinese , written in emotive language , read The court then heard that the CID started investigating the tombstone on 11 May 1983 and had seized the original piece of paper from the tombstone maker 's shop in Choa Chu Kang . Chu Boon 's defence lawyer was J.B. Jeyaretnam who had long been a consistent thorn in the side of Singapore 's political establishment . Jeyaretnam established that the instigation for the CID investigation and arrest had come from a government department . In mitigation , Jeyaretnam made the point that , apart from immediate family and friends , the public would not have known about the ' subversive ' tombstone nor its inscription in Singapore 's biggest cemetery . The court threw out Chu Boon 's defence plea and he was convicted on grounds that he had under his control , the tombstone of his brother , Tan Chay Wa , on which was engraved in Chinese characters an inscription which tended to advocate acts prejudicial to the security of Singapore . He was sentenced to a year in jail on appeal this was reduced to a month . unk publicity The court case hearing of Chu Boon had one unintended consequence it made Chay Wa much better known to the public than he may otherwise have been . As a result , the story was later taken up in London by The Sunday Times a few months after the trial , making the case internationally known and depicting the Singapore government in a hostile manner . Robust don 't interfere in our internal affairs retorts soon emerged from government circles . When the public debates were over , the case was not completely forgotten . In his 1986 book The Tiger and the Trojan Horse , British author Dennis Bloodworth noted that the ideograms in stone , chiselled by a sentient hand , were proof that this was the epitaph of a man , not a movement . The tombstone today Chay Wa 's grave is in Choa Chu Kang Cemetery 's Buddhist sector , grave number unk , Block 8 . It is difficult to locate , as it stands in a sea of tombstones that stretch almost as far as the eye can see . In 1985 , it was reported that the inscription of the tombstone had been whited out with plaster by members of Tan 's own family who wished to obscure any glorification of Chay Wa 's martyrdom in the communist cause . At that time , all that could be seen clearly was a photograph of Chay Wa and some lettering showing his name and the years of his birth and death .
|
2,987 | Tobruk The Clash of Armour is a turn based strategy video game developed by Data Design Systems and published by Personal Software Services . It was exclusively released in the United Kingdom for the Commodore 64 , ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC in 1987 . It is the eleventh instalment of the Strategic Wargames series . The game is set during the 1941 Siege of Tobruk of the Western Desert Campaign in World War II and revolves around the Allied forces attempts to overthrow German field marshal Erwin Rommel from the city . The game is a turn based strategy which focuses mainly on tank combat and contains elements of arcade gameplay . In the game , the player controls the Axis powers and must capture and hold various Allied bases in both Italian Libya and British Egypt , with the city of Tobruk being the ultimate goal . The game received mixed reviews upon release critics were divided over the gameplay and were largely negative over its interface and tank mechanics . Gameplay The game is a top down turn based strategy which contains elements of arcade gameplay and focuses mainly on tank combat . It is a simulation of the 1941 Siege of Tobruk , a part of the Western Desert Campaign of World War II . The battle revolves around Australian and British ( collectively referred to Allied forces ) attempts to oust German field marshal Erwin Rommel from the city . If playing alone , the player controls the Axis powers and is not able to play on the side of the Allies unless a second player is involved . The main objective of the game is to capture and hold as many fortifications in Italian Libya as possible , with the city of Tobruk and the defence of Rommel being the ultimate goals . The main display map of the game is focused on Cyrenaica , a representation of the Allied minefield that was laid in the Gazala Line between Gazala and Bir unk . The Axis troops begin the game on the western side of the line , whilst Allied forces begin the offensive in British Egypt . A command box in the game provides the player with an instant report of a unit or landscape once hovered over data given on units includes their strength in terms of supply of infantry , provisions , artillery , and the number of moves that unit can make on one turn . Every two turns lasts one in game day and units are available to enter combat phases once a day is finished . In a combat phase , the game shifts to an arcade sequence , which allows the player to control a tank in the Sahara Desert . The arcade sequence presents a menu of tank functions a gun turret , shell loading , firing and navigational buttons . Only one function can be used at a time in order to drive the tank , the player has to use the navigational buttons to manoeuvre . If the tank becomes under attack , the gun turret or shell firing mode must be activated for self defence . Both the arcade sequence and tank controlling is optional , however , and is not required to finish the game . Background Personal Software Services was founded in Coventry , England , by Gary Mays and Richard Cockayne in 1981 . The company were known for creating games that revolved around historic war battles and conflicts , such as Theatre Europe , Iwo Jima and Falklands ' 82 . The company had a partnership with French video game developer ERE Informatique , and published localised versions of their products to the United Kingdom . In 1986 , Cockayne took a decision to alter their products for release on 16 bit consoles , as he found that smaller 8 bit consoles such as the ZX Spectrum lacked the processing power for larger strategy games . The decision was falsely interpreted as pull out from the Spectrum market by a video game journalist . Following years of successful sales throughout the mid 1980s , Personal Software Services experienced financial difficulties , during a period where Cockayne later admitted that he took his eye off the ball . The company was acquired by Mirrorsoft in February 1987 , and was later dispossessed by the company due to strains of debt . Reception The game received mixed reviews upon release . Richard Blaine of Your Sinclair praised the game 's playability and value for money , stating that it provides an interesting challenge . Philippa Irving of Crash , however , criticised the playability and tank mechanics as stunningly badly designed and unplayable , whilst also stating that it was rather unk . Gary Rook of Sinclair User summarised that Tobruk was pretty disappointing and nowhere near as successful as its direct predecessor , Bismarck . Rook criticised the interface of the game as clumsily executed and not half as good as that of other strategy games at the time of release . Regarding the arcade sequences of the game , Michael Sandford of ZX Computing recommended any player to avoid them , as its difficulty would affect gameplay . However , Sandford praised the overall experience of the game , stating that it was one of the best wargames and endorsed it to anybody interested in the genre . Mark Reed of Computer Gamer asserted that Tobruk was undoubtedly one of the most enjoyable wargames ever and heralded its originality and playability . Irving , however , criticised its authenticity stating that the game was lacking in both elusive quality and atmosphere . Rook found that the developers ' intention of attempting to marry strategy gaming with arcade gaming was unsuccessful and produced negative results . A 1993 Computer Gaming World survey of wargames agreed while giving the game one plus stars out of five , stating that the simulation and arcade aspects denigrate each other 's appeal .
|
2,988 | Typhoon Wayne was an intense tropical cyclone that brought significant flooding to the Philippines in July 1983 . The typhoon originated from an area of disturbed weather that formed far from land towards the end of July . Late on July 22 , Wayne developed gale force winds while moving west . The next day , it was estimated to have become a typhoon , and Wayne subsequently entered a period of rapid deepening . During the morning hours of July 24 , the typhoon was estimated to have reached its peak intensity of 205 km h ( 125 mph ) , but soon began to weaken due to interaction with land . By the time it moved ashore in southern China on July 25 , Wayne had weakened considerably . After moving inland , Wayne weakened rapidly . The following day , Wayne was no longer a tropical cyclone . Typhoon Wayne became the second typhoon to strike the Philippines within nine days . Furthermore , 42 people lost their lives in flood waters while attempting to cross a temporary bridge . A total of 28 persons were hurt and 39 were rescued , and there were initially reports of up to 200 people missing . Although Wayne passed south of Taiwan , moderate flooding was reported due to rough seas . Elsewhere , in China , Wayne was the fifth most intense typhoon on record to impact Fujian between 1960 and 2005 . Throughout China , 440 persons were injured , 105 people died , and 30 , 000 dwellings collapsed . Overall , 147 people were killed due to Typhoon Wayne . Meteorological history Typhoon Wayne originated from an elongated surface trough west of Truk . Initially , the trough was poorly organized , but after 1200 UTC on July 21 , satellite imagery indicated an increase in the organization and convective activity of the system . Based on this , a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert ( TCFA ) was issued late on July 21 by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ( JTWC ) . Early the next day , Hurricane Hunters estimated that the system developed into a tropical depression , and the JTWC subsequently initialized warnings . Around this time , the Japan Meteorological Agency ( JMA ) started monitoring the system . During the next 24 hours , Wayne began to intensify and was soon upgraded into a tropical storm by the JTWC . The JMA first classified the low as a tropical storm at 1800 UTC on July 22 while the system generally moved west . By early July 23 , the JTWC upgraded the storm into a typhoon while the JMA upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm . Around this time , aircraft reconnaissance revealed an eyewall and a small inner core . Six hours later , the JMA upgraded Wayne to a typhoon . Later that day , the JMA announced that Wayne attained winds of 160 km h ( 100 mph ) . The storm continued to rapidly deepen , and within 24 hours , Typhoon Wayne had more than doubled in intensity according to the JTWC . Meanwhile , the cyclone moved westward along the southern periphery of the subtropical ridge in a low wind shear environment . At 0600 UTC on July 24 , the JTWC estimated that the storm attained peak intensity of 250 km h ( 155 mph ) , a Category 4 hurricane equivalent on the United States Saffir Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale ( SSHWS ) . According to the JTWC , Wayne was also a super typhoon . Early on July 24 , the JMA reported that Typhoon Wayne attained peak intensity of 200 km h ( 125 mph ) ( equivalent to a Category 3 on the SSHWS ) , which it maintained for 12 hours before weakening slightly . As Super Typhoon Wayne passed north of Luzon , the low level atmospheric circulation was disrupted north of the storm by the high terrain of Taiwan and thus Wayne weakened . Wayne then began a more northwestward track and made landfall approximately 560 km ( 350 mi ) east of Hong Kong . At the time of landfall on July 25 , the JMA estimated winds of 170 km h ( 105 mph ) , equivalent to a mid level Category 2 system on the SSHWS . Wayne struck the coast of China at typhoon strength according to JTWC , but rapidly dissipated as it moved inland over the mountainous terrain of southeastern China . By 0000 UTC on July 26 , the JMA ceased monitoring Typhoon Wayne . Impact and aftermath Upon affecting the Philippines , Typhoon Wayne became the second system to strike Luzon in nine days after Typhoon Vera . There , 42 people lost their lives including two children and 12 woman when they drowned in flood waters while trying to cross a damaged , but temporary bridge that was built after the 1981 Pacific typhoon season . The bridge was 150 ft ( 45 m ) long and 1 yd ( 0 . 91 m ) wide and was responsible for connecting unk and Cebu . Many of the deceased were swept downstream the Managua River , which was situated 2 ft ( 0 . 61 m ) below the bridge . Additionally , 28 people were injured and 39 were rescued . Initially , an estimated 100 to 200 people were listed as missing , many of which were believed to have drowned in floodwaters . Many motorists were stranded due to flooding . Despite veering south of Taiwan , Wayne generated high waves , which flooded farmland . A total of 1 , 482 acres ( 600 ha ) of banana crops were flooded . Typhoon Wayne was the fifth most intense tropical cyclone to impact Fujian between 1960 and 2005 . Heavy rainfall led to severe flooding in Fujian and Guangdong . Across China , 105 persons perished . In addition , 440 persons were injured and 30 , 000 dwellings collapsed . Although little damage was reported , winds of 43 km h ( 27 mph ) and gusts of 56 km h ( 35 mph ) were measured at Waglan Island. in Tia Po Kau , a slight storm surge was measured , peaking at 2 . 18 m ( 7 . 2 ft ) . Nearby , in unk 's Carin , a peak rainfall total of 113 . 9 mm ( 4 . 48 in ) was recorded .
|
2,989 | SM UB 44 was a Type UB II submarine or U boat for the German Imperial Navy ( German Kaiserliche Marine ) during World War I. UB 44 operated in the Mediterranean and disappeared in August 1916 . UB 44 was ordered in July 1915 and was laid down at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen in September . UB 44 was a about 37 metres ( 121 ft 5 in ) in length and displaced between 270 and 305 tonnes ( 266 and 300 long tons ) , depending on whether surfaced or submerged . She was equipped to carry a complement of four torpedoes for her two bow torpedo tubes and had an 5 centimeter ( 2 . 0 in ) deck gun . As part of a group of six submarines selected for Mediterranean service , UB 44 was broken into railcar sized components and shipped to Pola where she was assembled and launched in April 1916 and commissioned in May . In two patrols in her three month career , UB 44 sank one ship of 3 , 409 gross register tons ( GRT ) . In early August 1916 , UB 44 departed from Cattaro for unk and never arrived . Her fate is officially unknown , but she may have been sunk by a torpedo boat near the island of unk on 8 August . Design and construction The German UB II design improved upon the design of the UB I boats , which had been ordered in September 1914 . In service , the UB I boats were found to be too small and too slow . A major problem was that , because they had a single propeller shaft engine combo , if either component failed , the U boat became almost totally disabled . To rectify this flaw , the UB II boats featured twin propeller shafts and twin engines ( one shaft for each engine ) , which also increased the U boat 's top speed . The new design also included more powerful batteries , larger torpedo tubes , and a deck gun . As a UB II boat , U 47 could also carry twice the torpedo load of her UB I counterparts , and nearly ten times as much fuel . To contain all of these changes the hull was larger , and the surface and submerged displacement was more than double that of the UB I boats . The Imperial German Navy ordered UB 44 from AG Weser on 31 July 1915 as one of a series of six UB II boats ( numbered from UB 42 to UB 47 ) . UB 44 was 36 . 90 metres ( 121 ft 1 in ) long and 4 . 37 metres ( 14 ft 4 in ) abeam . She had a single hull with saddle tanks and had a draught of 3 . 68 metres ( 12 ft 1 in ) when surfaced . She displaced 305 tonnes ( 300 long tons ) while submerged but only 272 tonnes ( 268 long tons ) on the surface . The submarine was equipped with twin Daimler diesel engines and twin Siemens Schuckert electric motors for surfaced and submerged running , respectively that drove one propeller shaft . UB 44 had a surface speed of up to 8 . 82 knots ( 16 . 33 km h 10 . 15 mph ) and could go as fast as 6 . 22 knots ( 11 . 52 km h 7 . 16 mph ) while underwater . The U boat could carry up to 27 tonnes ( 27 long tons ) of diesel fuel , giving her a range of 6 , 940 nautical miles ( 12 , 850 km 7 , 990 mi ) at 5 knots ( 9 . 3 km h 5 . 8 mph ) . Her electric motors and batteries provided a range of 45 nautical miles ( 83 km 52 mi ) at 4 knots ( 7 . 4 km h 4 . 6 mph ) while submerged . UB 44 was equipped with two 50 centimeter ( 19 . 7 in ) bow torpedo tubes and could carry four torpedoes . The U boat was also armed with one 8 . 8 cm ( 3 . 5 in ) Uk L 30 deck gun . UB 44 was laid down by AG Weser at its Bremen shipyard on 3 September 1915 . As one of six U boats selected for service in the Mediterranean while under construction , UB 44 was broken into railcar sized components and shipped overland to the Austro Hungarian port of Pola . Shipyard workers from Weser assembled the boat and her five sisters at Pola , where she was launched on 20 April 1916 . Service career SM UB 44 was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 11 May 1916 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Franz Wger . UB 44 , Wger 's fourth U boat command , was assigned to the Navy 's Pola Flotilla ( German Deutsche U Halbflotille Pola ) . Although the flotilla was based in Pola , the site of the main Austro Hungarian Navy base , boats of the flotilla operated out of the Austro Hungarian base at Cattaro which was located farther south and closer to the Mediterranean . German U boats typically returned to Pola only for repairs . On 30 June , Wger and UB 44 achieved their only success when they sank the steamer unk 46 nautical miles ( 85 km 53 mi ) southeast of Cape unk , Crete . The 3 , 409 gross register ton British steamer was carrying a general cargo from Glasgow for Alexandria when she went down with the loss of three men . After Germany 's conquest of Romania ( see Romania during World War I ) , the German Imperial Navy had sufficient fuel oil for submarines located in the Black Sea . UB 44 and three of her sister ships in the Pola Flotilla were ordered to Constantinople and , en route , had to navigate through the Dardanelles , which had been heavily mined by the Allies in the middle of 1916 . UB 44 departed from Cattaro on 8 August for unk ( located on the Gallipoli peninsula ) to pick up a pilot for the trip through the Dardanelles , but never arrived . UB 44 's fate is unknown . Two British post war reports list UB 44 as falling victim to the Otranto Barrage on 30 July but , as author Dwight Messimer points out , German records record UB 44 's departure from Cattaro nine days after that . Messimer reports that it is possible that UB 44 was sunk by the torpedo boat HMS 368 , which was reported by an Athenian newspaper as sinking a U boat 6 nautical miles ( 11 km 6 . 9 mi ) on 8 August off unk with a lance bomb . Summary of raiding history
|
2,990 | Attack of Mark 's Clone is the sixth episode of the second season of the American animated television series Ugly Americans , which aired on Comedy Central in the United States on August 4 , 2011 . In the episode , Callie creates a clone of Mark that will guarantee the Department of Integration 's win in a bowling tournament , but the plan backfires when the clone frames her for murdering Twayne 's new assistant , Tad . The episode was written by Adam Stein and series developer David M. Stern , and directed by Richard Ferguson Hull and series creator Devin Clark . The episode features guest performances by comedians Kate McKinnon and Jay unk . According to Nielsen Media Research , Attack of Mark 's Clone was watched by a season low of 730 , 000 viewers in its original airing . The episode received positive reviews from critics , who deemed it solid . Plot Callie Maggotbone creates a clone of Mark Lilly to replace him in the Department of Integration 's ( D.O.I. ) bowling tournament , as the real Mark is a terrible bowler . The clone , who has blonde hair instead of brown , has a sadistic worldview and hides the real Mark in his closet . The following day , Twayne Boneraper hires a new assistant named Tad to do his dirty work . Tad 's first action is to reassign Callie , whom he thinks is a saboteur , to a useless department in sub basement 37 . Tad also cuts Mark 's department 's budget by 80 , but is rather impressed by the Clone Mark 's attitude . The next day at his group therapy session with Mark 's students , Clone Mark turns it into a fight club to train them for the bowling tournament . Later , Clone Mark finds Callie 's diary at her apartment and finds out that she plans to murder him after the tournament and then get the real Mark back . Infuriated , he decides to murder Tad and frames Callie for the crime by using a trident from her apartment as the weapon and leaving it at the scene . Callie gets hauled in by Frank Grimes and his crew , but Grimes finds Mark 's behavior strange and decides to investigate further . Grimes visits Callie at the prison , but she cannot reveal the truth because Clone Mark will kill the real Mark if she tells anyone that he framed her . Grimes goes to Mark 's apartment and discovers the real Mark tied up in his own closet . However , Clone Mark appears behind him and shoots him in both his legs . Grimes , as he tries to fire back , ends up blinding himself . Clone Mark has grown tired of bowling and decides to leave the city . The next day , the real Mark tries to free Callie from prison , but he must find evidence to prove her innocence . Mark finds his clone at a tropical island , where he confesses that he killed Tad . The clone is then gassed to death and his body is scrapped for parts , which gives Grimes new legs and eyes . At the bowling tournament , Mark wonders where his clone came from , and Callie says that he will never know . Production Initially titled The Clone Wars , the episode 's title was later changed to Attack of Mark 's Clone . Series developer David M. Stern wrote the episode with Adam Stein , and Richard Ferguson Hull and series creator Devin Clark directed it . Stein and Mick Kelly served as staff writers . In an interview with Kevin Fitzpatrick of UGO , Clark spoke of the episode and proclaimed that it was a really fun opportunity to see what Mark 's clone would be like , calling him an Agro Mark . He said that Matt Oberg , the voice of Mark , voiced the clone as a much more gruff individual . Clark elaborated , It 's really funny . It 's like seeing Mark , since we kind of play him so neutered most of the time , it 's like seeing him as like this jerk , it 's hilarious , it 's a very funny story . Executive producer Daniel Powell said that Clone Mark glove slaps everyone and smokes a cigarette instead of putting it out before the office . Attack of Mark 's Clone was the eighth episode to be produced for the second season . In addition to the regular cast , the episode features appearances by recurring guest voice actors Pete Holmes and Mike O 'Gorman . Comedians Kate McKinnon and Jay unk guest starred in the episode . Reception The episode originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on August 4 , 2011 . The episode was viewed by an estimated 730 , 000 viewers and received a 0 . 3 rating among adults between the ages of 18 and 49 , according to Nielsen Media Research . This means that it was seen by 0 . 3 of all 18 to 49 year olds . The episode marked a decrease in ratings from the previous episode , The Ring of Powers , which scored a 0 . 4 rating and was watched by 870 , 000 viewers . The total viewership for Attack of Mark 's Clone made it the season 's least watched episode . Critical reception of the episode was positive . Charles Webb of MTV Geek favored it over season one episodes , which emphasized generating a gag a minute within a paper thin plot . Webb wrote , The Ugly Americans team has been on a roll much of this season , going three for three with this episode , last week 's ' The Ring of Powers , ' and the previous week 's ' G.I. Twayne ' . Ology writer Josh Harrison was also positive of the episode , rating it 7 . 7 out of 10 and writing ' Attack of Mark 's Clone ' takes a pretty archetypal plotline the evil duplicate and translates it into the zany twisting storytelling we 've come to know and love . Harrison praised the episode for giving viewers insight on the character Mark , and concluded This was a solid , if one note , episode of Ugly Americans . The ongoing jokes ... helped shore up the limited scope of the situation .
|
2,991 | Homesick is a song by Christian rock band MercyMe . Written by Bart Millard , the song is an expression of grief and longing that was written after the band experienced the deaths of nine people they were connected to in a short period of time . Homesick was included on MercyMe 's third studio album Undone and was released as the second single from that album . Homesick received positive critical reception , with some critics considering the song one of the best off of Undone . Homesick was successful on both Christian and mainstream radio , peaking at the top on the Radio Records Christian AC Indicator and Soft AC INSPO charts , number 3 on the Billboard Hot Christian Songs and Hot Christian AC charts and the Radio Records Christian AC chart , as well as peaking at number 9 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart . It was ranked at number 13 on the Billboard 2005 year end Hot Christian Songs and Hot Christian AC charts , and at number 20 on the year end Adult Contemporary chart . Background Homesick was written during a time of hardship for the band nine people close to MercyMe 's band members had died in a short span of time . Lead singer Bart Millard initially wrote the chorus to Homesick following a funeral service for two infants that died in pregnancy , but did not finish the song , as didn t want to fake his way through writing the song . However , following the death of Millard 's brother in law , Chris , in a car accident , Millard finished the song so as to play it at Chris 's funeral . Millard and the rest of MercyMe intended the song only to be played once at Chris 's funeral but Millard 's mother in law encouraged them to record it . Although the record they were going to release , Undone , was essentially complete , the band returned to the studio to record Homesick for inclusion on the project . Composition Homesick is a ballad with a length of three minutes and forty one seconds . Lyrically , the song is an expression of grief , pondering Heaven and the time it takes to get there , as well as anger , confusion , and brokenness . The song is set in the key of F major and has a moderate tempo of 72 beats per minute . Millard 's vocal range in the song spans from C4 A5 . Some comparisons have been made between the lyrical content of Homesick and MercyMe 's 2001 single I Can Only Imagine . David Jenison of CCM Magazine referred to the song as the ' sequel ' to I Can Only Imagine . Regarding these comparisons , Millard said I Can Only Imagine took the focus off of what you are going through and was comforting because it put the focus on where they were going ... Homesick is the opposite because it completely addresses us that are left here . I don t think as a Christian that it s right for me to say , I wish you could ve stayed here , because truthfully , we re getting the raw end of the deal if we really believe what we say that heaven is as great as we want it to be . The whole idea is that we re the ones who have to wait . Millard has also noted , The difference with Homesick as compared to I Can Only Imagine is that it talks about those who are stuck around here after someone passes away . When you lose somebody , you learn what being homesick is really about . Reception Critical reception Critical reception to Homesick was generally positive . Allmusic reviewer Johnny Loftus selected the song as a track pick on his review of Undone , commenting that Homesick is a delicate ballad about being apart . Russ Breimeier of The Fish noted , The beautiful ballad ' Homesick ' is both similar to and an improvement on ' Imagine ' , the difference in how it focuses on persevering on earth in anticipation of heaven . Kim Jones of About.com commented , ' Homesick ' is the true gem on this release , also opining , Should it be a radio release , I won 't be a bit surprised to see it in the number one spot for many , many weeks . Chart performance Homesick debuted at number 35 on the Billboard Hot Christian Songs chart for the chart week of November 13 , 2004 , advancing to number 6 four weeks later . The song held that spot for three weeks before advancing to its peak position of number 3 for the chart week of January 1 , 2005 . Homesick dropped to number 11 the next week , but returned to the top ten and , after spending two weeks at number 5 and number 7 , respectively , Homesick spent ten consecutive weeks in the top five of the chart . After dropping out of the top five , the song spent nine more weeks on the chart before dropping out . In all , the song spent a total of thirty weeks on the chart . On the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart , Homesick debuted at number 32 for the chart week of February 12 , 2005 . The song spent seventeen more weeks on the chart before reaching its peak of number 9 for the chart week of June 18 , 2005 . In all , the song spent twenty six weeks on the chart . Homesick also peaked at number 3 on the Billboard Hot Christian AC and the R R Christian AC charts , spending twenty eight weeks on both . On the R R Christian AC Indicator chart the song peaked at number 1 , spending a total of five weeks at the top spot and 25 weeks on the chart in total . On the R R Soft AC INSPO chart , Homesick spent one week at the top spot and twenty weeks on it total . Homesick also spent four weeks on Christian CHR chart , peaking at number 27 . Uses Homesick is also featured by the compilation album WOW Hits 2006 and the 2009 compilation album 10 . Charts Weekly charts Year end charts Decade end charts
|
2,992 | Ralph Basset ( sometimes Bassett died c . 1127 ) was a medieval English royal justice during the reign of King Henry I of England . He was a native of Normandy , and may have come to Henry 's notice while Henry held land in Normandy prior to becoming king . Basset is first mentioned in documents about 1102 , and from then until his death around 1127 , he was frequently employed as a royal justice . His son Richard Basset also became a royal judge . Origins Basset was a native of Montreuil au unk near Domfront in Normandy , and possibly came to the notice of King Henry while Henry was count of Domfort during the reign of Henry 's older brother King William II of England ( 1087 1100 ) . Either Basset himself or an earlier person with the same name held lands of Robert d 'Oilly that were recorded in Domesday Book as in Buckinghamshire and Hertfordshire . If the Ralph in Domesday was not the same as the judge , the Domesday Ralph may have been the judge 's father . Other unk in the area were also recorded in Domesday , including a Wiliam and a Richard . It is not clear how or if they were related to Ralph . Ralph the judge held lands in Montreuil that in 1150 were considered to be worth two English manors . He held lands in Wallingford and Colston Basset . The lands in Wallingford were worth 16 and a third knight 's fees . Royal service The first secure mentions of Basset are in royal charters dating to around 1102 , where he appears as a witness . He then appears as a judge in a royal dispute with the sheriff of Yorkshire . Basset is named as one of the commissioners of the Liber Winton , a survey of the landholdings in the city of Winchester which took place at some point between 1103 and 1115 , probably close to 1110 . From his Norman lands , Basset is recorded as donating lands to the Abbey of Saint Evroul in 1113 . in 1111 Basset took part in the Michaelmas session of the Exchequer , and he continued to take part in financial affairs and can be considered as an early Baron of the Exchequer . Basset appears as a royal justice in 1116 , serving in Huntingdonshire . Basset was noted in the Anglo Saxon Chronicle entry for 1124 as hanging 44 thieves , during an eyre in Leicestershire . Possibly , Basset 's severity was part of an attempt to overawe the under tenants of the Beaumont twins , one of whom , Waleran , Count of Melun rebelled during 1124 . During the period 1110 1127 , Basset was one of the leading royal justices , and was described by the medieval chronicler Henry of Huntingdon as one of the justices of all England . Huntingdon 's implication is that Basset 's scope was over all of England , not limited to his own locality . Basset is recorded in the Pipe Roll of 1130 as having performed judicial functions in 11 different shires , even though by this point he was already dead . Basset also served on the informal vice regency council that assisted Henry 's wife and son when the king was out of England . Basset seems to have spent most of his judicial and royal career in England , as he only is a witness on one royal document that was drawn up in Normandy . According to the compiler of the Basset family charters , William Reedy , there is more evidence for Ralph 's service for the king in England than for any other royal servant who was not clergy . His most active period of royal service was from 1120 to 1130 . An older view from historians was that Basset was Chief Justiciar of England is not held by historians currently , nor can the idea that Basset was the head of justices or just the head of the itinerant justices during Henry 's reign cannot be determined with any confidence either . It is clear that Basset was employed by the king extensively and probably that the nobleman worked mostly full time for the king . Basset 's rewards for his royal service included a number of manors . Basset was granted the manor of unk by the king , after the family that held it at the time of Domesday Book died out and it escheated to the king . Other lands held by Basset were probably royal rewards also . One was unk , which had been held in 1086 by crown . Another was Stoney Stanton , originally held in 1086 by Robert Despenser . Death and legacy Basset probably died in 1127 , and was certainly dead in 1130 . He is said to have taken ill at Northampton , and to have been clothed in a monk 's habit while on his deathbed . He was buried in the chapterhouse at Abingdon Abbey , which he left a bequest to . A copy of a charter from Archbishop Theobald of Bec , recorded in a cartulary , records most of Basset 's manors . While most of the estates seem to have been held by Basset as a sub tenant , four of the estates appear to have been held as a tenant in chief . These estates were not very valuable , and Basset can not be considered a baron , although his son Richard managed through marriage to become a member of the barons . He held lands in nine counties , perhaps centred in Berkshire . Basset was the founding member of a dynasty of royal servants who continued to serve the kings of England until around 1250 . The medieval writer and chronicler Orderic Vitalis described Basset as one of the new men of King Henry , who raised them , so to say , from the dust . Among Basset 's four sons were Richard Basset , and Nicholas . Another son was Ralph who became a cleric . A fourth son was Turstin , who held land around Wallingford . Basset also had daughters , but their names are not known . Only the first initial of his wife 's name is known , which was A. Richard received the Norman estates , but not most of the English lands , perhaps because he married an heiress .
|
2,993 | A Thanksgiving Surprise is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company . The film follows Jack Clyde , a young man who lives a vain and idle life in the city with his rich friends . His wealthy uncle decides to test the morale character and has his lawyers announce his death and giving his fortune to charity . When Jack learns of his death , he is left penniless and is shunned by his friends , but assisted by the poor . Jack struggles to survive , but decides to host a Thanksgiving dinner for those poorer than himself . His uncle sees Jack has learned his lesson and secretly prepares a feast set while Jack sleeps . After the guest arrives , the uncle reveals himself and all ends well . The film was released on November 22 , 1910 and was met with favorable reviews . The film is presumed lost . Plot Though the film is presumed lost , a synopsis survives in The Moving Picture World from November 26 , 1910 . It states Jack Clyde is a rich young fellow who has been brought up by his wealthy uncle in a small Western town . Jack decides that he wants to move to New York and is indulged in this whim by his uncle , who sends with the lad as valet a faithful old servant , who has his welfare at heart . In the city Jack rents expensive apartments , and leads a vain , idle life . Jack 's uncle hears of his conduct and devises a scheme whereby he can make a thorough test of the boy . He instructs his lawyers to announce his death , that the entire fortune has gone to charity , and Jack has been left penniless . Jack is turned out of his rooms and shunned by his rich friends . Among the very poor , whom he formerly despised , he is treated as a comrade . They share with him their last crust , and he ends by marrying them , and falling in love with a humble little flower girl . Jack finally secures a situation as a porter in a hotel . His uncle discovers that he is planning to give a Thanksgiving dinner to all those poorer than himself and decides that Jack has learned his lesson . Jack brings to his poor room a few meager provisions that his week 's salary has permitted him to buy . While waiting for his guests to arrive Jack goes to sleep . His uncle and the old servant who have been watching him closely , seize upon this opportunity to enter Jack 's room and substitute for his poor meal a real Thanksgiving feast . The guests arrive , their host awakes , uncle returns , and Jack is assured that his prosperity is real and not a dream . Cast Marie Eline likely as the newspaper boy . Frances Gibson is claimed to be the flower girl , but this is disputed . William Russell Production The writer of the scenario is unknown , but it was most likely Lloyd Lonergan . He was an experienced newspaperman employed by The New York Evening World while writing scripts for the Thanhouser productions . The film director is unknown , but it may have been Barry O 'Neil or Lucius J. Henderson . Cameramen employed by the company during this era included Blair Smith , Carl Louis Gregory , and Alfred H. Moses , Jr. though none are specifically credited . The role of the cameraman was uncredited in 1910 productions . Marie Eline was cast in the film , likely as the newspaper boy . Eline had previously played a newspaper boy in Not Guilty . The role of the flower girl has been claimed to be Frances Gibson by an answer column in Motion Picture Story Magazine . This is disputable because Gibson is known only to have a single credit with the Thanhouser Company , in the 1912 release of Nicholas Nickleby . Around this time Gibson was appearing in unk Studios productions . Both immediate before and after her only Thanhouser credit , Gibson was employed by unk , leading Bowers to speculate that her appearance in that one film may have been as a special project . A different film still shows William Russell and opens the possibility of identifying the other actors . The other cast credits are unknown , but many 1910 Thanhouser productions are fragmentary . In late 1910 , the Thanhouser company released a list of the important personalities in their films . The list includes G.W. Abbe , Justus D. Barnes , Frank H. Crane , Irene Crane , Marie Eline , Violet Heming , Martin J. Faust , Thomas Fortune , George Middleton , Grace Moore , John W. Noble , Anna Rosemond , Mrs. George Walters . Release and reception The single reel drama , approximately 1 , 000 feet long , was released on November 22 , 1910 . The drama film was sometimes labeled as a comedy by advertisers . The film had a wide national release and was shown in theaters in North Carolina , South Dakota , Washington , Kansas , Pennsylvania , California , . Though Hawaii was not yet a state , it was also shown as a new release in July 1912 . The film was positively reviewed by critics . Walton of The Moving Picture News affirmed , stating that the film was a ... well staged , naturally acted story with a lesson . There is pathos and stern reality mixed in with fidelity and anxiety , the whole making a story of entrancing and edifying power . The Moving Picture World summarized the film and remarked , The contrasts in the delineation of human nature constitute the principal points of interest , and they are worked out with full appreciation of dramatic varieties . The implied false friends have a good many counterparts , and the way they are depicted here is too graphic to be misunderstood . The New York Dramatic Mirror took a swipe at Bison Pictures of the New York Motion Picture Company and the Powers Picture Plays by praising the camera posing of the film and acknowledging the acting of the flower girl to be well portrayed .
|
2,994 | Ben Franklin is the fifteenth episode of the third season of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's forty third episode overall . Written by Mindy Kaling , who also acts in the show as Kelly Kapoor , and directed by Randall Einhorn , the episode first aired in the United States on February 1 , 2007 on NBC . Ben Franklin received 5 . 0 13 in the ages 18 49 demographic of the Nielsen ratings , and was watched by an estimated audience of 10 . 1 million viewers , and the episode received mixed reviews among critics . In the episode , the employees from the office prepare for Phyllis 's wedding . Michael , acting under advice from Todd , instructs Dwight to hire a stripper for the men and delegates Jim to hire one for the women . While Dwight hires a stripper , Jim ends up hiring a Ben Franklin impersonator instead . Plot The office plays host to a bridal shower for Phyllis Lapin ( Phyllis Smith ) while Bob Vance 's ( Robert R. Shafer ) bachelor party is held in the warehouse . Todd Packer ( David Koechner ) convinces Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) that it is okay to hire a stripper for the bachelor party if he also gets a male stripper for the bridal shower . Jim Halpert ( John Krasinski ) is tired at work because he has been having many late night talks with Karen Filippelli ( Rashida Jones ) after she learned that he still has feelings for Pam Beesly ( Jenna Fischer ) . Michael delegates the work of finding the two strippers to Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) and Jim . Dwight asks Jim if he prefers either a redhead or a brunette , and Jim responds blonde while Pam and Karen ( redhead and brunette respectively ) look over Jim and then at each other for a quick second . While Dwight locates a stripper named Elizabeth ( Jackie Debatin ) for Bob Vance 's party , Jim orders an educational Benjamin Franklin impersonator ( Andrew Daly ) as a joke . Pam and Karen have fun gently heckling the impersonator . During a talking head interview Dwight reveals that Jim has told him that the impersonator is the real Ben Franklin . Dwight says he 's 99 sure the impersonator is not the real Ben Franklin but ask questions to the impersonator that he believes only the real Ben Franklin would know . However , because the impersonator is an historian and studied the life of Ben Franklin , he answers each question correctly without hesitation , much to Dwight 's anger and disbelief . In the break room , Pam and Karen share an awkward conversation about Jim and Pam 's kiss . At the bachelor party , Bob Vance refuses a lap dance , so Michael volunteers . Before the stripper is able to perform the lap dance , Michael brings the show to an abrupt close , unwilling to do what he considers cheating on Jan Levenson ( Melora Hardin ) . Pam and Jim have an understated confrontation in the break room , which ends with Pam asking Ryan Howard ( B. J. Novak ) to set her up with some of his friends from business school in front of a visibly shocked and seemingly upset Jim . Production Ben Franklin was the second episode of the series directed by Randall Einhorn . Einhorn had previously directed Initiation , as well as the summer spin off webisodes The Accountants . Ben Franklin was written by Mindy Kaling , who acts on the show as customer service representative Kelly Kapoor . The episode was the sixth of the series written by Kaling . Jackie Debatin , who appeared in Ben Franklin as Elizabeth , is used to playing strippers and hookers . Debatin had previously been a stripper on Friends , a stripper on That ' 70s Show , a stripper on Two and a Half Men , a madam on Veronica Mars , and a call girl on Boston Legal . In an interview , Debatin said playing Elizabeth was probably the best experience I have had in TV work , because the cast and crew were down to earth , fun , grateful to be there . Although actor Andrew Daly , who played Gordon the Ben Franklin impersonator , had already known John Krasinski , Angela Kinsey , B. J. Novak and Kate Flannery , he said that The Office cast and crew could not have been more welcoming to me . Daly especially liked it when the actors depart ed from the script and improvised a little . Reception Ben Franklin received 5 . 0 13 in the ages 18 49 demographic of the Nielsen ratings . This means that five percent of all households with an 18 to 49 year old living in it watched the episode , and 13 percent had their television tuned to the channel at any point . The episode was watched by an estimated audience of 10 . 1 million viewers . Ben Franklin is one of only a handful of other episodes of The Office to reach over 10 million viewers , the others being the show 's pilot episode , The Injury , Traveling Salesmen , The Return , and Stress Relief , of which the latter reached over 20 million viewers . Ben Franklin received mixed , but mostly good , reviews from critics . IGN 's Brian Zoromski wrote that The Office was in truly excellent form this week . Zoromski went on to credit the great progression in the Jim Pam Karen love triangle and Michael being his completely inept self as parts of the episode that made it one of the best Office episodes this season . Michael Sciannamea of TV Squad was less enthusiastic about the episode , writing that although it was solid , not much happened here other than the Jim Karen Pam triangle . Abby West , of Entertainment Weekly , praised the love triangle , saying The Pam Karen confrontation was as uncomfortable as I could possibly hope for . It 's so gratifying to see Pam 's armor cracking . West also praised the work of the supporting cast .
|
2,995 | Idiotest ( a portmanteau of idiot and test and stylized as Id unk ) is an American television game show broadcast by Game Show Network ( GSN ) . Hosted by Ben Gleib , the series features contestants in teams of two competing to answer brain teaser and puzzle questions . The winning team advances to a bonus round for an opportunity to increase their winnings to 10 , 000 . The series was announced at GSN 's upfront presentation in March 2014 the first episode premiered on August 12 of that year . Critical reception for the series has been mixed , with one writer calling it enjoyable while another called it uninteresting . Additionally , GSN released an online game midway through the first season that allows users to answer questions from the series ' past episodes . Gameplay The main game features two pairs of contestants answering brain teaser questions . In the first round , each team faces two questions , taking the form of a visual puzzle . Contestants can work together and must answer by pointing to the correct answer ( or answers depending on what the question is asking them ) on the screen . The question is often phrased so that the contestants may be misled if they do not read it correctly ( for example , Touch the largest greenhouse could be misread as Touch the largest green house ) The value of the question begins at 300 , with 20 deducted for every second the team takes in answering the money begins counting down when the puzzle first appears on the screen . The money stops counting down when the contestants submit an answer on the touchscreen . For all questions , a correct answer earns the remaining money , while a wrong answer or no answer earns nothing . In round two , there are 4 questions with each contestant working alone and cannot confer with their partners . The opening value of the question is 500 , decreasing by 25 each second until an answer is given . In the third round , one contestant from each team faces the same question simultaneously . Contestants have their own money countdown , which starts at 1 , 000 and decreases by 50 per second . The other contestant from each team then faces a more difficult question , with an opening value of 2 , 500 and decreasing by 100 per second . The host usually reads the question to the contestants during this round . After this second question , the team that has more money wins it and plays the bonus round for 10 , 000 . If the game ended in a tie , the team who solves their puzzles the fastest are the winners . Smart Money Round In the bonus round , entitled the Smart Money Round , each member of the winning team plays the same question individually . While the first contestant is asked the question , the second is isolated offstage so that they cannot see or hear the question . The two teammates have a total of 40 seconds to answer ( in seasons 1 and 2 , the time limit was 30 seconds ) the clock stops when the first contestant submits an answer , and resumes when the second contestant first sees the question . If one team member answers the question correctly , they receive an additional 1 , 000 if both answer correctly , their winnings are augmented to 10 , 000 . Midway through the first season , another version of the Smart Money Round was introduced requiring a team to correctly answer five questions in 60 seconds , with five second penalties for wrong answers . Each correct answer is worth 500 , with five correct answers winning 10 , 000 . Online version An online game based on the series was developed for GSN 's website midway through the show 's first season . The game allows online users to answer questions seen on the actual show . Answering a certain amount of questions correctly allows players to level up and face more difficult questions a total of 32 levels are available . Production The show received very little advanced press before it was announced at GSN 's 2014 15 upfront presentation on March 18 , 2014 . At the presentation , GSN revealed plans to order 40 episodes of the series , while confirming August 12 as the premiere date on June 19 , 2014 . On October 28 , 2014 , the show was renewed for a 65 episode second season , which began airing April 1 , 2015 . The series was renewed for a third season on March 16 , 2016 , with the season premiere airing on April 12 . The series has also produced some special editions featuring contestants from a preexisting rivalry . These episodes have included competitions between USC and UCLA graduates , as well as an Election Day special between pairs of Democrats and Republicans . This theme was revived with a special episode entitled Political Idiotest , which both taped and aired April 20 , 2016 and featured brain teasers referring to political subjects . Reception The series has received mixed reviews from critics . Carrie Grosvenor of About Entertainment argued the series to be truly enjoyable to watch while calling Gleib 's hosting sarcastic and funny . Conversely , Tim Conroy of Media Life Magazine argued that the show just doesn 't do the trick and thought Gleib had a difficult time drawing amusing responses from the contestants . Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times was equally unimpressed , saying that the show had low ambitions and arguing that Gleib 's hosting made the show even more uninteresting . Paired with the mixed critical reception , the series has seen a wide range of ratings for new episodes , bringing in between 245 , 000 and 561 , 000 total viewers during the first season . The season two double episode premiere drew 388 , 000 and 360 , 000 viewers respectively .
|
2,996 | Robert McLachlan is a Canadian cinematographer . A successful cyclist in his youth , McLachlan quit the sport to take up cinematography , and entered the field after studying at Simon Fraser University , McLachlan was mentored by Richard unk . His professional career began with documentary work for Greenpeace , before he became involved in both television and feature films his work has subsequently earned him several industry awards and award nominations . McLachlan , who was inspired by both his father 's photography and his own appreciation for the films Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid and Walkabout to choose his career path , would go on to find recognition as the chief cinematographer for the television series Millennium , for which he was scouted specifically . McLachlan 's style on this series led to several industry awards and briefly became popular in the medium , as well as leading him directly to future work on Game of Thrones . He founded the documentary production company Omni Film Productions in the 1970s , later selling his share of the company . Early life and education In his youth , McLachlan was an avid cyclist , accrediting this to the fact that his home town Vancouver was not cold enough for ponds to freeze over to play ice hockey on . During his teenage years , he trained upwards of six hours a day , and won several national championships in the sport . He qualified to represent Canada in the 1976 Summer Olympics , but the lack of funding for cycling in North America at the time would have necessitated him funding his own journey and leaving school to do so McLachlan opted instead to remain in education and focus on his interest in photography . McLachlan first became interested in cinematography after viewing the 1969 film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid Nicolas Roeg 's work on the 1971 film Walkabout further cemented his interest in the field . McLachlan was also motivated by his father , who was an avid photographer . An early school assignment to create a Super 8 film project , for which he received an A grade , also proved a formative influence . McLachlan studied fine art at the University of British Columbia for a year , before changing courses to attend classes at Simon Fraser University 's film department . McLachlan 's education focussed on the documentary style of John Grierson however , when he began work in 1987 , he was mentored by Richard unk . McLachlan also cites influences outside the field of cinematography , drawing influence from the chiaroscuro , Dutch art and pre Raphaelite movements of visual art , and the works of Andrew Wyeth and Georges de La Tour in particular . Career Having graduated , McLachlan and Michael unk founded the production company Omni Film Productions in 1979 , and began to work with Greenpeace , filming documentary footage on a range of subjects . McLachlan narrowly avoided trouble on several of these shoots , finding himself arrested for filming too close to an Exxon oil tanker and scarcely missing being assaulted by trophy hunters in British Columbia . McLachlan would later sell his stake in Omni , but remains proud of their documentary work . At the time , McLachlan was unsuccessful in joining an industry union , relegating his work to advertising and small scale productions his first union backed project was on the revival of the television series Sea Hunt . McLachlan found success on the Fox television series Millennium , earning several awards for his work on the show . He was head hunted for the series by its creator Chris Carter , who had seen his work on the series Strange Luck . McLachlan was initially offered a position shooting Carter 's other active series , The X Files , then in its third season , but was unable to start work in time . He developed a distinctive style for the series , shooting it with desaturated colours and lighting scenes as though they were to be filmed in black and white he also made use of high intensity strobe lighting usually employed for advertising and macro cinematography . McLachlan has noted that this style briefly became popular after the series ' broadcast but that other cinematographers had difficulty adjusting to it . Having worked on Millennium with director David Nutter , McLachlan was able to parley this connection into a role on the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones . McLachlan has called working on the show 's ten person cinematography team a major logistical challenge , noting the complexity of its out of sequence filming schedules as something unseen on a television series before . McLachlan has also worked on the programme Ray Donovan , and has based that series ' cinematography on both film noir aesthetics and unk of 1970s cinema , specifically citing The Long Goodbye , The Parallax View and All the President 's Men , as well as the work of Gordon Willis . Accolades McLachlan has been nominated for , and won , several awards over the course of his career . He has been nominated four times for the American Society of Cinematographers awards , three times for his work on the television series Millennium and once for the television film High Noon . He has also won several Canadian Society of Cinematographers awards , including wins for the films Willard and unk , as well as for several episodes of Millennium and The Lone Gunmen . McLachlan 's work on Game of Thrones received Emmy Award nominations in 2013 and 2015 , and a Canadian Society of Cinematographers award nomination in 2015 he was also nominated by the latter society for his cinematography on the series Ray Donovan . Partial filmography Film Television
|
2,997 | What Is ... Cliff Clavin is an eighth season episode of the American television series Cheers . It was directed by Andy Ackerman rather than James Burrows who directed 243 out of 273 episodes of the show and originally aired on January 18 , 1990 . In this episode , Cliff Clavin ( John Ratzenberger ) appears on the game show Jeopardy and game show host Alex Trebek guest stars as himself . Cliff racks up US 22 , 000 during the game but loses it all in the final round . The episode received praise from critics for its concept and its guest star . Plot Cliff Clavin ( John Ratzenberger ) competes on the television game show Jeopardy , which has temporarily moved taping to Boston for a special occasion , and amasses 22 , 000 by the end of the Double Jeopardy round , more than twice the score of the second place contestant , theoretically ensuring a win . For the Final Jeopardy clue of Archibald Leach , Bernard Schwartz and Lucille LeSueur in the category of Movies , Cliff responds incorrectly with Who are 3 people who 've never been in my kitchen Having wagered his entire score , Cliff loses all of his winnings . Cliff objects and argues , demanding that his answer be accepted . The show 's host , Alex Trebek , later arrives at Cheers , tells Cliff that his response should have been accepted earlier , and announces his resignation as the host of Jeopardy . However , Cliff convinces Trebek to remain as host by telling him how much the show and Trebek mean to him . After Cliff shares the news with others , Norm Peterson ( George Wendt ) praises Trebek for doing this just to make Cliff feel better . However , Trebek says that he did not realize that Cliff was at the bar and that meeting him had been a coincidence . Trebek says that Cliff scares him and that the story about quitting the show was a fabrication to placate him . Meanwhile , Sam Malone ( Ted Danson ) receives telephone calls from women whom he previously dated they are angry with him for making dates and not arriving . He eventually discovers that his little black book has been stolen and enrolls the help of bar patrons to find it . Through their detective work , Sam discovers that the thief has called Sam 's women alphabetically and that Rebecca Howe ( Kirstie Alley ) is the next recipient on the list . The thief turns out to be a teenage boy named Timmy ( Greg E. Davis ) , who wants to become a babe hound like Sam . To let Timmy go , Sam tells him to start as a babe pup and to call girls who are around his age , and gives him 25 for a haircut and a tip for a shampoo girl . Reception General Norman Schwarzkopf said this was the funniest episode of Cheers . Don Leighton from Superior Telegram called this episode the greatest and said the Final Jeopardy moment was hilarious . Jeffrey Robinson from DVD Talk said the category topics specifically Civil Servants , Stamps from Around the World , Mothers and Sons , Beer , Bar Trivia , and Celibacy from the first round of Jeopardy and the concept of the episode were a riot . Hot Springs Village Voice called Cliff 's Final Jeopardy moment a classic example of his mishaps caused by his own know it all nature . Andrew unk , in his book Hope , called this episode one of the most memorable episodes of Cheers , found Cliff 's response to the Final Jeopardy clue neither right nor wrong and an example of divergent thinking , and called Cliff a poster child of Joy Paul Guilford . Former Jeopardy contestant Ken Jennings , in his book Brainiac , considered this episode of all Jeopardy related episodes essential as other episodes that focus on characters who either are trapped in an elevator or have two dates on the same night . Legacy An early Jeopardy reference to the Cheers episode happened during the airing of the final round of the Jeopardy College Championship on May 18 , 1990 . Soon to be champion Michael Thayer of Rutgers College bet 0 and wrote Who was someone I never met as his response in the Final Jeopardy round . When the contestants ' wagers and responses were revealed , Trebek commented , Michael , looks like you were watching that episode of Cheers . In 1999 , another Jeopardy contestant responded to the Final Jeopardy clue with this question , inspired by Cliff Clavin 's incorrect response in the Final Jeopardy round What is a book that has never been in my kitchen According to Michael unk from Westfield , New Jersey , Alex Trebek later recalled Cliff 's losing moment and then broke into a huge laugh . Peter unk from InfoWorld defined pulling a Clavin as a reference to Cliff Clavin 's wagering all his leading score and then losing all to a zero in the Final Jeopardy round and as a tactic to avoid in Jeopardy In the Jeopardy fan community , the episode gave rise to what is known as Clavin 's Rule ( or pulling a Cliff Clavin ) , a rule of thumb that states that a player should not wager enough to endanger a lock or runaway game ( one where the first place player has more than twice the score of the second place player ) , no matter how tempting the category . In the Double Jeopardy round of the Jeopardy episode from May 10 , 2005 , the categories were the same as those shown in Cliff Clavin 's game unk unk , unk FROM unk THE WORLD , MOTHERS unk , unk , BAR unk , and unk . On the first episode of Jeopardy season 31 , which aired on September 15 , 2014 , Jeopardy champion Elizabeth Williams echoed Cliff Clavin 's answer in her response to the Final Jeopardy clue . Williams ' 600 wager combined with her opponents ' incorrect responses allowed Williams to triumph that day , nonetheless .
|
2,998 | The Hrabri class consisted of two submarines built by the Vickers Armstrong Naval Yard , on the River Tyne , in the United Kingdom , for the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( later Yugoslavia ) . Launched in 1927 , the vessels were named Hrabri ( Brave ) and Neboja ( Fearless ) . Their design was based on that of the British L class submarine of World War I , and they were built using parts originally assembled for L class submarines that were never completed . The Hrabri class were the first submarines to serve in the Royal Yugoslav Navy , and the class was joined by the two smaller French made Osvetnik class submarines to make up the pre war Yugoslav submarine force . They were armed with six bow mounted 533 mm ( 21 in ) torpedo tubes , two 102 mm ( 4 in ) guns and one machine gun , and could dive to 60 metres ( 200 ft ) . Prior to World War II both submarines participated in cruises to Mediterranean ports . Hrabri was captured by Italian forces in April 1941 during the German led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia . She was never commissioned by the Italians and was subsequently scrapped . Neboja evaded capture , and served with British submarine forces in the Mediterranean as an anti submarine warfare training boat until the end of the war . Following the war , she served in the Yugoslav Navy as Tara in a training role until 1954 , when she was stricken . Description and construction Yugoslav naval policy in the interwar period lacked direction until the mid 1920s , although it was generally accepted that the Adriatic coastline was effectively a sea frontier that the naval arm was responsible for securing with the limited resources made available to it . In 1926 , a modest ten year construction program was initiated to build up a force of submarines , coastal torpedo boats , torpedo bombers and conventional bomber aircraft to perform this role . The Hrabri class submarines were one of the first new acquisitions aimed at developing a naval force capable of meeting this challenge . The Hrabri class was built for the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( later Yugoslavia ) by the Vickers Armstrong Naval Yard on the River Tyne in the United Kingdom . Their design was based on that of the British L class submarine of World War I , and they were built using parts originally assembled for the Group III boats HMS L 67 and HMS L 68 , which were never completed due to the end of the war . The L class were designed for operations in the North Sea , but during the interwar period the Royal Navy had deployed them around the world , including in the Mediterranean from 1929 onward . The two Yugoslav boats had an overall length of 72 . 05 metres ( 236 ft 5 in ) , a beam of 7 . 32 m ( 24 ft 0 in ) , and a surfaced draught of 3 . 96 m ( 13 ft 0 in ) . Their surfaced displacement was 975 long tons ( 991 t ) or 1 , 164 long tons ( 1 , 183 t ) submerged , and their crews consisted of 45 officers and enlisted men . They had a diving depth of 60 m ( 200 ft ) . They had two shafts driven by two diesel engines ( when surfaced ) or two electric motors ( when submerged ) . The diesel engines were rated at 2 , 400 bhp ( 1 , 800 kW ) and the electric motors at 1 , 600 shp ( 1 , 200 kW ) , and they were designed to reach a top speed of 15 . 7 knots ( 29 . 1 km h 18 . 1 mph ) under diesel power while surfaced , and 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) on their electric motors when submerged . The Hrabri class were armed with six bow mounted 533 mm ( 21 in ) torpedo tubes and carried twelve torpedoes . They were also equipped with two 102 mm ( 4 in ) guns ( one forward and one aft of the conning tower ) , and one machine gun . Their radius of action was 3 , 800 nautical miles ( 7 , 000 km 4 , 400 mi ) at 10 knots ( 19 km h 12 mph ) . Service history Both submarines were launched in 1927 , and left the Tyne in late January 1928 . In company with the Yugoslav submarine tender Hvar , the submarines arrived in the Bay of Kotor on the southern Adriatic coast on 8 April 1928 . In May and June 1929 , Hrabri , Neboja , Hvar and six torpedo boats accompanied the light cruiser Dalmacija on a cruise to Malta , the Greek island of Corfu in the Ionian Sea , and Bizerte in the French protectorate of Tunisia . According to the British naval attach , the ships and crews made a very good impression while visiting Malta . In June and July 1930 , Hrabri , Neboja and the fleet auxiliary Sitnica again cruised the Mediterranean , visiting Alexandria and Beirut . In 1932 , the British naval attach reported that Yugoslav ships engaged in few exercises , manoeuvres or gunnery training due to reduced budgets . In 1933 , the attach reported that the naval policy of Yugoslavia was strictly defensive , aimed at protecting her more than 600 km ( 370 mi ) of coastline . Hrabri The first of the class , Hrabri was involved in a series of visits to Mediterranean ports during the interwar period . She was captured in port by the Italians during the German led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia , but was not commissioned by them and was scrapped later that year due to her poor condition . Neboja Neboja was the second and last of the class . After repairs following an accident in 1930 , she participated in several cruises in the Mediterranean during the interwar period . She evaded capture during the German led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941 , and was used by the Royal Navy as an anti submarine warfare training vessel . After the war she was overhauled by the Yugoslavs and renamed Tara , continuing in a training role until she was stricken in 1954 . Books Periodicals Websites
|
2,999 | U.S. Route 163 ( also U.S. Highway 163 , US 163 ) is a 64 mile ( 103 km ) U.S. Highway that runs from US 160 northward to US 191 in the U.S. states of Arizona and Utah . The southernmost 44 miles ( 71 km ) of its length is within the Navajo Nation . The highway forms part of the Trail of the Ancients , a National Scenic Byway . The highway cuts through the heart of Monument Valley and has been featured in numerous movies and commercials . The highway was designated in 1970 , replacing Arizona State Route 464 and Utah State Route 47 as well as a portion of the old alignment of US 160 in Utah . In 1981 , US 191 was routed over the northern section of US 163 , effectively truncating the northern terminus to Bluff , Utah from Crescent Junction . The state of Utah briefly had plans for a different routing of US 163 north of Bluff . These plans were rejected , resulting in discrepancies between the signed route and the official designation by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials that were not resolved until 2008 . The route number does not follow the numbering convention for U.S. highways , as the number 163 would normally be used for a spur of U.S. Route 63 however , these two highways have never connected . Route description Arizona The southern terminus of US 163 is located at a junction with US 160 south of Kayenta in Navajo County and Navajo Nation . The road continues to the south of this junction as Bureau of Indian Affairs ( BIA ) Route 591 . US 163 heads north from US 160 to the west of the Kayenta Airport as it passes through the town of Kayenta . The highway curves towards the northeast in Kayenta before it curves back towards the north . As it continues towards the north , the highway goes through an s curve , resulting in a northeasterly heading . US 163 continues this heading as it heads toward Monument Valley and crosses the border into Utah . An 18 mile ( 29 km ) stretch of the highway from approximately 5 miles ( 8 km ) north of the US 160 junction to the Utah border has been designated as a scenic route by the state of Arizona . Utah The Utah portion of the highway begins in Monument Valley , in San Juan County . Just after entering Utah the highway junctions with the Monument Valley Visitors center . The highway proceeds northeast until the town of Mexican Hat where the highway both crosses the San Juan River and exits the Navajo Nation . From Mexican Hat , the highway travels due east to towards its signed terminus in Bluff . Formerly , the route continued along what is now signed US 191 to I 70 , however the portion north of Bluff was not signed after the creation of US 191 and was formally removed in 2008 . The length of US 163 in Utah has been designated the Bluff to Monument Valley Scenic byway by the Utah State Legislature and forms part of the Trail of the Ancients National Scenic Byway . All highways in Utah are codified in law US 163 is defined at Utah Code 72 4 122 ( 3 ) . History The modern routing of US 163 in Utah was initially designated as State Route 47 , in 1910 . SR 47 extended to Monticello at a junction with then U.S. Route 160 . In Arizona , the road appeared on maps as early as 1935 , but it was still an unimproved dirt road at the time . The Arizona portion was added to the state highway system in 1960 when it was designated as State Route 464 . In 1970 , US 163 was designated along SR 464 in Arizona and SR 47 in Utah as part of a re alignment of U.S. highways in the Four Corners region . With the re alignment , US 160 was re routed into Arizona instead of Utah . US 163 also absorbed the former route of US 160 to its former terminus at Interstate 70 at Crescent Junction . In 1981 , AASHTO approved a new iteration of U.S. Route 191 that absorbed much of the alignment of US 163 . Utah truncated US 163 at Bluff . The truncation was made without approval from AASHTO , as the AASHTO logs placed the northern terminus of US 163 at I 70 at Crescent Junction . The state of Utah signed a joint intent with the Navajo Nation and San Juan County in 1986 to construct a new highway to connect Bluff with Montezuma Creek . Businesses in Monument Valley asked the Utah Department of Transportation ( UDOT ) to request extensions of US 163 and US 666 using this new road . The proposal would have US 163 run from Cedar City to US 160 near Cortez , Colorado along the routes of State Route 14 , U.S. Route 89 , Arizona State Route 98 , U.S. Route 160 , the current US 163 , the new road from Bluff to Montezuma Creek , and Colorado State Highway 41 . The proposal for US 666 would extend to Richfield via upgrades to State Route 95 and State Route 24 . UDOT submitted the proposal for US 666 to AASHTO , which was rejected . AASHTO cited that the route was not direct , and SR 24 was not built to U.S. Highway standards . UDOT did not pursue the extension of US 163 , even though the Utah state legislature had already approved the new road from Bluff to Montezuma creek as route 163 . With this extension the Utah definition of US 163 conflicted with the AASHTO definition . UDOT resolved this discrepancy by signing the extended portion as State Route 163 . In 2004 , the plan to extend US 163 was abandoned , and the extension was renumbered SR 162 to make the state route numbers run synonymous with the U.S. route designation . Although the state changed the definition of US 163 back to match the national definition in 2004 , the portion north of Bluff remained unsigned . In October 2008 , UDOT requested and obtained approval to truncate US 163 to the junction with US 191 resolving the discrepancy . Junction list
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.