id
stringlengths
36
36
question
stringlengths
1
1.57k
opa
stringlengths
1
287
opb
stringlengths
1
287
opc
stringlengths
1
286
opd
stringlengths
1
301
cop
class label
4 classes
choice_type
stringclasses
2 values
exp
stringlengths
1
22.5k
subject_name
stringclasses
21 values
topic_name
stringlengths
3
135
07963f63-526d-42ed-b981-88775a1c130d
A patient on anti psychotics is found to be restless, irresistible urge to move, can't sit or stand in one position. Diagnosis:
Acute dystonia
Akathisia
Tardive dystinesia
Rabbit syndrome
1b
single
Akathisia is the most common side effect seen after administration of Anti psychotics, treated by B.blockers.
Psychiatry
null
87566085-e52b-4926-9b4e-dea0ea0ce227
Which of the followoing is major site of Expression of GLUT5?
Renal tubules
Brain
Placenta
Sperm
3d
single
GLUT5 functions as Fructose transpoer in sperm. Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 23rd Edition, Page 320.
Physiology
null
3f8c867b-fd95-49de-8825-01e70eb8352e
A young man with tuberculosis presents with massive recurrent hemoptysis. For angiographic treatment which vascular structure should be evaluated first?
Pulmonary aery
Bronchial aery
Pulomary vein
Superior vena cava
1b
single
Answer is B (Bronchial Aery): Diagnosis and treatment of symptoms of Respiratory; Vascular and Interventional Radiology by bakal (2002)/158 Hemoptysis usually arises from the bronchial aeries. Pulmonary aeries are a rare source of hemorrhage. The vascular structure that should be evaluated .first for angiographic treat...
Medicine
null
f2bf9248-7d8c-4cbd-9aae-51702bf22a14
Which of the following is used in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer
131I
99mTc
32P
131I-MIBG
0a
single
131I can be used for scanning for metastasis from differentiated thyroid cancers as well as for the ablation of differentiated thyroid cancer cells.
Surgery
null
b95ca17f-6731-4729-b7b8-1766df3a6c0f
Hypercalciuria can be treated with?
Torsemide
Acetazolamide
Frusemide
Indapamide
3d
single
Hypercalciuria- most common identifiable cause of calcium kidney stone disease. Thiazides, such as trichlormethiazide or indapamide- reduce urinary calcium excretion, but they do not correct the primary defect
Medicine
Electrolyte Imbalance
f6712feb-3c8b-40c3-a8ed-45eea30e9a0b
Which of the following is not used as treatment for upper GI bleeding
Pantoprazole
Desmopressin
Terlipressin
Octreotide
1b
single
Desmopressin is used to treat bleeding in von willebrand disease. Propranolol is used to prevent re bleeding
Surgery
null
f576273c-237c-4245-ae29-84e3ae9246fe
A 34 years old female after thyroidectomy was under observation in post operations ward after shows she developed tense swelling in neck and become breathless. How do you treat this patient?
Intubate the patient and administer epinephrine
Infuse 10% calcium gluconate over 10 min
Open the sutures and evacuate the hematoma
Turn the patient sideways and give inj.salbutamol subcutaneously
2c
single
Breathlessness within few hans of thyroidectomy and swelling in the neck suggest of tension hematoma, which is treated by removal of stucture & evacuating the hematoma.
Surgery
null
84af4f7e-cd01-449f-bf32-86fd46b372bd
Terry's nails are seen in:
Renal failure
Respiratory failure
Liver failure
Psoriasis
2c
single
Ans. C. Liver failureTerry's nails is a physical finding in which fingernails and/or toenails: appear white with a characteristic "ground glass" appearance, with no lunula. It is seen in chronic liver disease.
Medicine
Miscellaneous
7595f69c-d234-485c-a53c-f6f32558e294
Which of the following is the most common form of persistent trophoblastic disease that follows a non molar pregnancy?
Choriocarcinoma
Invasive mole
Placental site trophoblastic tumor
Paial mole
0a
single
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) Invasive mole: Develops after molar pregnancy only. Very rarely follows other gestations PSTT (Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor): may follow any type of gestation Choriocarcinoma: 2/3rd cases after normal delivery, 1/3rd cases after molar pregnancy Epitheloid Trophoblastic tu...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Twin Pregnancy, Molar Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic disease and contraception in special situations (Sour Grapes!)
8fb248a6-d1ee-43d1-ae48-acdac51f0fdf
Which among the following secretions has the highest HC03 content?
Saliva
Bile
Succus entericus
Pancreatic secretions
3d
single
The pancreatic juice is alkaline and has a high HCO3- content (approximately 113 mEq/L vs 24 mEq/L in plasma). Composition of Normal Human Pancreatic Juice: Cations: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ (pH approximately 8.0) Anions: HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, HPO42- Digestive enzymes Other proteins Ref: Barrett K.E., Barman S.M., Boitano S., ...
Physiology
null
47327dcd-9ce1-4464-8ff1-22495e92cb54
In autopsy, preservative used for vitreous is
Phenol
Xylol
Flouride
HCL
2c
single
Vitreous humor is the preferred specimen for postmoem confirmation of alcohol ingestion, since postmoem formation of ethanol does not occur to significant extent in vitreous, and hence useful even in decomposing bodies. It is recommended that this specimen is included routinely in sudden death investigations. In known ...
Forensic Medicine
Death and postmortem changes
1be8c681-4d18-400b-ac54-f8de0a3f9d4e
HIV which is found in West Africans is?
HIV 1
HIV 2
HIV 3
HIV 4
1b
single
HIV 2 REF: Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter The four recognized human retroviruses lymphotropic viruses (HTLV)-I and HTLV-II, immunodeficiency viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-indirectly. The most common cause of HIV disease throughout the world, and ceainly in the United States, is HIV-1, which comprises several subtypes ...
Medicine
null
f5d3b986-f941-4cb8-80d1-3492fd9202ee
Deep transverse arrest occurs in which type of pelvis:
Platypelloid
Gynecoid
Android
Anthropoid
2c
single
Ref: Williams Obstetrics 23 rd ed pg.480,Dutta Textbook of Obstetrics 5th ed pg346Explanation:DEEP TRANSVERSE ARRESTArrest in occipito transverse position may be due to incomplete anterior rotation of oblique occipito posterior positionCauses:Pelvic architecture abnormalityAndroid pelvisDeflexion of headWeak uterine co...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Contracted Pelvis
8fd94267-c054-49cd-8268-9698cff30957
A 47-year-old woman is seen with a 1-wk history of progressive shoness of breath, increasing pedal edema, weight loss, and low-grade fever. She has a 40-pack-year smoking history. Physical examination: pulse 138 bpm; respirations 34/min; blood pressure 100/88 mm Hg with pulsus paradoxus of 22 mm. Peinent findings: incr...
Cardiac tamponade
Cardiomyopathy
Pericardial effusion without tamponade
Cor pulmonale
0a
single
This PA view shows a large cardiac silhouette with a "water bottle hea." The pulmonary vasculature and the vascular pedicle appear normal. Large cardiac silhouettes are seen in cardiomegaly and are usually associated with signs of pulmonary venous congestion. In this case, the cardiac silhouette is increased due to per...
Radiology
Respiratory system
f830552f-44ae-46d8-a434-5a7be213d7f8
What is the length of optic nerve
20 mm
30 mm
40 mm
50 mm
3d
single
Answer- D. 50 mmoptic nerve is about 47-50 mm in length and can be divided into 4 pas : -Intraocular pa (1 mm)Intraorbital pa (30 mm)Intracanalicular pa (5-9 mm)Intracranial pa (10 mm)
Ophthalmology
null
3e9124f9-dc9c-4e03-aea9-1010f966e6cd
True statement about fibro lamellar carcinoma
Young adults, children
More in males
Related to OCP use
Bad prognosis
0a
multi
Fibro lamellar HCC occurs in young adults without underlying cirrhosis Ref:Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1458-1463
Anatomy
G.I.T
edf52136-7df1-4e18-831d-59f9cc10ad94
True about ectopic pregnancy:
Transvaginal USG-first imaging test of choice
Not Associated with decidual reaction
Doppler is of no significance
In ectopic interstitial ring sign is seen
0a
multi
If TVS reveals an intrauterine gestational sac,the diagnosis of ectopic can usually be ruled out .sometimes a psuedosac may be seen in an ectopic due to bleeding produced by separation of a decidual cast.(refer pgno:159 sheila 2 nd edition)
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
0ec7ee33-3789-4435-8688-5c0b247ba1d9
Mucous secreting glands are absent in :
Cervix
Vagina
Duodenum
Oesophagus
1b
single
B i.e. Vagina - No glands open into vagina & vaginal secretions are derived paly from the mucous discharge of cervix & paly from a transudation through the vaginal epithelium.- Doderlein bacilli (gram +ve) are found in vagina- Vaginal mucosa is line by squamous epithelium - Posterior vaginal wall is longer than anterio...
Anatomy
null
5a4971cf-81e5-4a60-a91a-f8c847c2ceea
Microcornea is defined as:
< 10 mm corneal diameter at bih
<13 mm corneal diameter at bih
< 10 mm axial length at bih
< 20 mm axial length at bih
0a
single
Microcornea < 10 mm corneal diameter at bih. Megalocornea > 13 mm after 2 yr of age or >11.7 mm before 2 yr of age.
Ophthalmology
Cornea
39f0e60a-e0f0-49fa-9b22-6913012ef747
Find the disease by analysing pedigree chart.
Sickle cell anaemia
Diabetes insipidus
Hunter syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
3d
single
Rule of dominance - If the child is diseased, one of the parent must be diseased. Rule of X-linked - Father never transmits to son. In the image - Father transmits to son. Crouzon syndrome is autosomal dominant.
Medicine
null
8d6a61a3-6b94-4b0a-996a-e323b3d69bd6
Cochlear involvement more than vestibular involvement drug ?
Sisomycin
Kanamycin
Gentamycin
Streptomycin
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Kanamycin
Pharmacology
null
1e99a244-50f9-403b-a784-287cc57b44fa
The following are the features of anovulatory menstruation except
The only symptom may be failure of conception.
It is usually associated with painless periods.
May be associated with DUB.
May be associated with premenstrual syndrome.
3d
multi
Anovulatory DUB is characterised by irregular cycles, short cycles with scanty flow or periods of amenorrhoea followed by prolonged and irregular bleeding  Usually due to alteration in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.more common in extremes of reproductive life and in PCOS. unopposed oestrogen stimulation of the endome...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
903f4832-bad0-424e-8961-95acacac3087
All are actions of cholecystokinin except:
Increase gastrin secretion
Increase lower esophageal sphincter pressure
Stimulation of pancreatic enzyme
Stimulation of gallbladder
0a
multi
Ans. A. Increase gastrin secretionActions of CCK CONTRACTION OF GALLBLADDERSECRETION OF PANCREATIC JUICEInhibits gastric emptyingExerts atrophic effect on the pancreasIncreases the secretion of enterokinaseAugments the action of secretin in producing secretion of an alkaline pancreatic juiceEnhances the motility of sma...
Physiology
G.I.T.
a7f3a4f3-0e52-4181-925b-1067ecd6aa04
Simian crease is seen in:
Down's syndrome
Trisomy of chromosome No.13
Cri-du-chat syndrome
All of the above
3d
multi
Simian crease is an older name for a condition now more commonly called single transverse palmar crease. It refers to a single crease across the palm of the hand. In most individuals, there are two slightly offset creases across the palm. Simian crease is seen in: Down's syndrome Trisomy of chromosome No.13 Cri-du-cha...
Dental
null
1be362e4-b06b-4e5d-ab34-8a9ec68bf5d8
The medium of choice for culturing yeast form of dimorphic fungi is
Brain-hea infusion
Sabouraud's
Sabouraud's and antibiotics
SDA medium incubated at 35-37 o
3d
single
Dimorphic fungi exist as yeast in the host tissue and in the culture at 37C. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Baveja; 4th edition
Microbiology
mycology
2b0124ed-28c9-4b53-b6e4-9ca88b88e839
Which of the following is not a component of SIRS
Urine output <1 ml\/kg\/hr
Temperature 38degC
RR> 24\/mm
SBP<9Ommhg
0a
single
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) * Defined by the presence of two or more of Respiratory rate > 20/min Hea rate > 90/min White blood count > 12 x 10^9/L or < 4 x 10^9/L Temperature > 38.0degC or < 36.0degC PaCO2 < 4.3 kPa (< 32 mmHg) or ventilated * A wide pulse pressure, e.g. 115/42 mmHg, may be an early...
Medicine
Immune system
567d6e1f-98c5-4e16-ae1c-2f1a3a44fb9d
A 19-year-old man working as a driver comes to Psychiatrist with excessive anxiety and fear. He repos that every time he drives over a bump in the road, he is convinced that he has accidentally run over a small child. He has to pull over and check underneath his car for blood and retrace his driving route to look for a...
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
3d
multi
Patient's behavior is suggestive of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Although multiple neurotransmitters and regulatory mechanisms are thought to contribute to the clinical expression of OCD ,serotonin is the primary pharmacological target. First-line treatment is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRI) antidepres...
Psychiatry
Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders
a8305546-8948-4aea-b844-2c3662eaf14d
A subcentre in a hilly area caters to a population of:
1000
2000
3000
5000
2c
single
Subcentres are established on the following basis: One subcentre for every 5000 population is general. One subcentre for every 3000 population in hilly, tribal and backward areas. Ref:Parks Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine By K.Park, 18th Edition, Page 696
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
9dc53c99-27ab-4e67-a660-bd33707fbb55
Regarding anaplastic carcinoma which statement is false
Common in elderly
Associated with P53 mutation
Surrounding neck tissue is usually infiltrated
Radiotherapy cures
3d
multi
More commonly seen in elderly women. Local infiltration is an early feature of these tumours with spread by lymphatics and by the bloodstream. They are extremely lethal tumours and survival is calculated in months. p53 mutations are found in 15% of tumors, Source : Sabiston 20th edition Pg: 910
Surgery
Endocrinology and breast
e1f384eb-933e-4b43-88b8-93795ed527ab
Shelf life of blood with CPDA
2 weeks
3 weeks
5 weeks
8 weeks
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 5 weeks Once blood is removed from the donor, it stas a sequences of in vitro changes that change its physiological propeies. Ensuring the blood and its products transfusion safe, their storage is a must. The main aim is to minimize damage to store blood. Addition of some additive solutions increases ...
Pathology
null
f3196fb5-dcc0-4cca-ad40-c65146e5b0f5
Fetal hypoxia and acidosis are suggested by the following EXCEPT
Early deceleration
Late deceleration
Variable deceleration
Prolonged deceleration
0a
multi
Ans. a (Early deceleration) (Ref. William's obstetrics 22nd ed., p 452)NONSTRESS TEST# Accelerations (defined as rise of acceleration to peak in < 30 seconds - in FHR baseline) are virtually always reassuring and almost confirm that the fetus is not acidemic at that time.# Early deceleration is physiological (not assoc...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
0976e656-68ec-4db5-995f-515b86189815
Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by -
Increased porphyrin
Increased MCHC
Increased ferritin level
Increased TIBC
3d
single
Ans. is 'd'i. e., Increased TIBC Features of iron deficiency anemia are1) Perpheral blood pictureo There is microcytic hypochromic anemia (microcytosis precedes hypochromia).o Other features include :a) Poikilocytosis in the form of pencil cells (small, elongated red cells)b) Target cellsc) Ring / pessary cells (centra...
Pathology
Iron Deficiency and Megaloblastic Anemia
9992dc9f-bf4c-4f46-9e41-50843bba23b0
According to ADA specification number 12, dough forming time should be less than ____________ min from the start of the mixture.
90 min
60 min
50 min
40 min
3d
single
DOUGH-FORMING TIME The time required for the resin mixture to reach a doughlike stage is termed the dough-forming time. American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) Specification No.12 (ISO 20795-1:2008: Dentistry—Base polymers—Part 1: Denture base polymers) for denture base resins requi...
Dental
null
ddff28a5-68f2-4d83-96b4-0bfe77261624
Bumper fracture is: Rohtak 06
Primary impact injury
Secondary impact injury
Teiary impact injury
Secondary injury
0a
single
Ans. Primary impact injury
Forensic Medicine
null
f3dae4a5-90c3-42c8-acda-715a85764419
a patient had pre mature ejaculation and was staed on SSRI with a sho half life
escitalopram
fluoxetine
citalopram
dapoxetine
3d
single
SSRI * IMPOANCE Most widely prescribed antidepressant * MECHANISM Specifically acts on serotonin transpoers and increases serotonin in synapse. DRUGS FLUOXETINE FLUVOXAMINE DAPOXETINE CITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM SERALINE PAROXETINE USE FLUOXETINE=============CHILDHOOD DEPRESSION FLUVOXAMINE===========OCD DAPOX...
Psychiatry
Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry
108ab972-75d1-4589-8f2d-b70a08ad051b
Lattice degeneration seen in
Hypermetropia
Anisocoria
Glaucoma
Myopia
3d
single
Peripheral retinal degenerations common in pathological myopia
Anatomy
All India exam
eace65f1-ec80-4ab9-8f4b-5bdbeaa2d831
Mucous membrane pemphigoid
Affects older adults, typically over the age of 50 years.
Presents as multiple, painful ulcers preceded by bullae which form below the epithelium at the basement membrane.
Oral lesions may be found in any region, especially and sometimes exclusively in the attached gingival; ocular lesions can lead to blindness if untreated.
All of the above
3d
multi
Mucous membrane pemphigoid 1. An autoimmune disease of mucous membranes; antibodies directed against basement membrane antigens (Laminin 5, BP180, others). 2. Clinical features a. Affects older adults, typically over the age of 50 years. b. Presents as multiple, painful ulcers preceded by bullae which form below the e...
Pathology
null
7d0d3757-aa09-41ce-aa0d-47e13f0c3031
For a mobile tumour on vocal cord, treatment is:
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
None of the above
2c
multi
According to Dhingra Radiotherpy is the treatment of choice for vocal cord cancer with normal mobility. Normal mobility of cord suggests that growth is only limited to the surface and belongs to either stage T1 or T2. TOC for stage T1 of glottic carcinoma - radiotherapy. TOC for stage T2 of glottic carcinoma - depends ...
ENT
null
0a36ce22-2d2a-41bc-8cbf-1df76c61d9b5
Salivary gland tumor exclusively seen in parotid gland
Wahin's tumor
Pleomorphic adenoma
Mucoepidermoid Ca
Adenoid cystic Ca
0a
single
Answer-A. Wahin's tumor"Wahin's tumor arises only in the parotid gland" - Textbook of surgery"Wahin's tumor arises almost exclusively in the parotid gland (the only tumor viually restricted to the parotid)"Salivary gland tumor seen only it parotid gland- Wahins'tumor.
Pathology
null
c59d6475-a716-4905-b995-cd79efd7db0d
Kim et al classification system deals with:
Apical constriction
Apical foramen
Isthmus
No. of canals
2c
single
According to Kim et al Classification; there are 5 types Type I incomplete isthmus between 2 canals. Type II well defined, complete isthmus between 2 canals. Type III very short but complete isthmus between 2 canals. Type IV 3 or more canals with the complete or incomplete isthmus. Type V 3 or more canals without any ...
Dental
null
a4d7d94c-abff-4e26-8f80-7d453c4b5eb7
Wernicke's hemianopic reaction is due to lesions at the level of
Optic tract
Optic chiasma
Optic radiations
LGB
0a
single
Lesions of optic tract. I/L direct and C/L consensual light reflexes are absent.
Ophthalmology
null
fba4477b-e045-47e8-a48b-d0856f57ccc9
A patient was diagnosed with an isolated increase in LDL. His father and brother had the same disease with increased cholesterol. The likely diagnosis is
Familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia
Abetalipoproteinemia
Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency (type 1)
LDL receptor mutation
3d
single
LDL receptor mutation  Isolated increase in LDL with positive family history suggests the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia. Familial hypercholesterolemia (type IIa) is due to deficiency of functional LDL receptors as a result of different types of mutations.
Biochemistry
null
765b44b9-e24d-4ea7-8942-cd4bf883b576
What is false about GIST -
Associated with c-kit mutation
Most common site is stomach
Associated with CD 117
Least common mesenchymal neoplasm of gastrointestinal tract
3d
multi
Answer- D. Least common mesenchymal neoplasm of gastrointestinal tractGISTs are the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of gastrointestinal tract.The most useful marker of GIST is c-kit (CD-117).The most common site being the stomach followed by small intestine.
Pathology
null
3836e1ca-8770-4a6b-a6d0-afcef64070e9
Which of the following features is not seen in Anorexia Nervosa?
Decreased total brain volume
Lowered metabolic rate
Impaired regulation in growth hormone levels
Decreased serum protein
3d
single
Impoant medical complications related to Anorexia Nervosa Peripheral oedema Lanugo hair development Skin changes (dryness, scaling, yellow tinge caused by carotinemia) Lowered metabolic rate (bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia) Normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels; low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome Normal or o...
Psychiatry
Eating Disorders
9cdb1f4d-c3ff-4c26-aead-7879ca2ad368
Increased liver attenuation with intracellular infiltration is seen in -
Fatty liver
Amyloidosis
Hemochromatosis
All
0a
multi
Attenuation is the reduction in amplitude of the ultrasound beam as a function of distance through the imaging medium. Reduced signal amplitude can affect the quality of the image produced. Attenuation (reduction in amplitude of USG) is seen in fatty infiltration of liver.
Pathology
null
ac53edf2-7d2c-4aa4-960d-063cae2e04e9
What is the inheritience pattern of myotonic dystrophy?
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
X linked dominant
X linked recessive
0a
single
Myotonic dystrophy is associated with CTG trinucleotide repeat mutation. It is inherited as autosomal dominant disorder.
Pathology
null
20a242b3-0e36-4859-bedc-3f2af90851c0
First sign of puberty in boys is
Testes enlargement
Breast enlargement
Penis enlargement
Scrotum enlargement
0a
single
(Testes enlargement) (68-G) (498-Ghai 7th)First sign of sexual maturation is enlargement of breast in female and testes in boy (68-G)* Pubertal onset before he age of 8 years in girl and 9.5 years in boys is suggestive of precocious pubertyAdolescentWHO/UN definitionsStages of adolescence* Adolescent = 10-19 years* You...
Pediatrics
Adolescence
73ffa109-72ca-4e2b-8556-4370a99f5ea4
30 yr female with depressed mood, decreased appetite & no interest since one year. Diagnosis is?
Dysthymia
Depression
Anxiety
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Depression Depressed mood, decreased appetite and no interest since one year suggest the diagnosis of depression. o For diagnosis of dysthymia, depressive symptoms should be present for at least 2 years. Mood disorders According to ICD-10, mood (affective) disorders are grouped into six main categorie...
Psychiatry
null
2600f88f-6666-4b9e-b369-5501cd0838c2
The negligent act of the surgeon amounts to:
Contributory negligence
Respondent superior
Criminal negligence
Res ipsa loquitur
3d
single
Ans. (D). Res ipsa loquiturThe surgeon performing on wrong body part amount to res ipsa loquitur.The thing speaks for itself.The standard of care is implied & need not be proved by the patient.The onus of proof lies on the doctor.
Forensic Medicine
Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn
00dd6465-084b-44fd-b64f-dbb33bbde0e0
A 7 year old child presents with non productive cough, mild stridor since 6 months. On oral antibiotics, patient is improving but suddenly develops wheezing, productive cough, mild fever. X-ray shows hyperlucency and PFT shows obstructive curve. Most probable diagnosis is -
Post viral syndrome
Bronchiolitis obliterans
Follicular bronchitis
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bronchiolitis obliterance
Pediatrics
null
7b85ca57-6236-430b-915c-2955e089b6bb
Most common site of intracranial hemorrhage in hepeensive hemorrhage is :
Basal ganglia
Brain.stem
Cerebellum
Hippocampus
0a
single
Basal ganglia The most common sites of hypeensive haemorrhage are: The basal ganglia (putamen, thalamus and adjacent deep white matter) Deep cerebellum Pons
Surgery
null
c65a299d-e652-4311-a2a2-99afa1bc641a
Which is NOT a component of Werner's -
Pituitary
Adrenal
Parathyroid
Pancreas
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Adrenals MEN I or Wermer's syndrome is characterized by abnormalities involving the parathyroid, Pancreas & Pituitary glands (3Ps) Parathyroid Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common manifestation of MEN I Pituitary The mast common type of anterior pituitary tumor in MEN lis Prolactinoma Pancre...
Pathology
null
81e182f6-275d-448f-8d5d-0690c7a8eaa8
Following is caused by Arbovirus:
Mumps
Measles
HIV
Kyasanur Forest Disease
3d
single
(D) Kyasanur Forest Disease # Kyasanur Forest Disease: is caused by Arbovirus> Genus: Flavivirus> Distribution : India (Karnataka)> Vector/Tick> Reservoir: Rodents (Ticks)
Microbiology
Misc.
d708cba3-5c01-4321-9595-d3fc93d63069
Which of the following is/ are side effect/s of growth hormone administration?
Pain at injection site
Glucose intolerance
Hypothyroidism
All the above
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the above Adverse effects of growth hormone* Somatropin and somatrem are recombinant GH analogues.* Somatrem has an additional methionine residue and is more immunogenic than somatropin, but allergic reactions or resistance to treatment are not a problem.* Pain at injection site and lipodystrophy ...
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
adef180e-3b4d-427a-9ba1-c13242e9d614
What is most common type of carcinoma of the right colon
Stenosing
Ulcerative
Tubular
Fungating
1b
single
.Annular (stenosing) type: >>* It is more common on left side. * Here the growth spreads round the internal wall and so it often presents with intestinal obstruction. Ulcerative type: >>* It is common on right side. Proliferative type: >> * Common in right side. It is fleshy, bulky and polypoid. It is less malignant. r...
Surgery
G.I.T
87e358bc-2f98-4ba5-aac9-0b55acc8545f
First clinical sign of Vitamin-A deficiency is
Night blindness
Conjunctival xerosis
Bitot’s spots
Keratomalacia
0a
single
All the ocular manifestations of Vitamin-A deficiency are collectively known as 'Xerophthalmia' (Dry Eye) – Xerophthalmia is most common in children aged 1 - 3 years 'First clinical sign' of Vitamin-A deficiency: Conjunctival xerosis 'First clinical symptom' of Vitamin-A deficiency: Night blindness Conjunctival xerosi...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
45a86dfa-ecd9-48c9-b70d-d7ef2a9004f1
Origin of PCL- Posterior cruciate ligament
Posterior pa of intercondylar area of tibia
Anterior pa of intercondylar area of tibia
Medial pa of medial femoral condyle
Lateral pa of medial femoral condyle
0a
single
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) PC L begins from posterior pa of intercondylar area of tibia and runs upwards, forwards and medially to attach the anterior pa of the lateral surface of medial condyle of femur. PCL is extrasynol but intracapsular, i.e. lies between synovium and capsule of the knee joint. It provides a...
Anatomy
null
dc1c55cb-6a20-41d2-b29e-fc71a4ff6f98
Physiologic responses to all types of shock include the following except
Activation of the inflammatory system.
Activation of the coagulation system.
Hypoperfusion of tissues.
Vasoconstriction.
3d
multi
Vasodilation and not vasoconstriction occurs because of the body’s immune response. Option A: Activation of the inflammatory system occurs as a response to the invasion of microorganisms. Option B: Activation of the coagulation system occurs because proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are released during t...
Medicine
null
97cc3f64-9920-4d2d-96e1-1cb89dfcfa28
Which of the following organ is associated with congenital anomaly "Ectopia cordis"?
Lens
Lungs
Hea
Liver
2c
single
Ectopia cordis is the paial or complete location of the hea outside the thorax.The thoracic type is the classic form of ectopia cordis. In these patients, there is a cleft in the sternum that allows the hea to protrude outside the thoracic cavity.The thoracoabdominal form is a paial form of ectopia cordis that is chara...
Anatomy
null
83b1fcb7-1f6d-42dd-9080-1bc3f32344fe
Acute opioid withdrawl is characterizedby
Rhinorrhoea
Piloerection
Insomnia
All
3d
multi
A, B, C i.e. Rhinorrhoea, Piloerection, Insomnia
Psychiatry
null
e06c8353-8b60-409c-a031-9e30b97997de
Rectus adominis is inserted into -
Xiphoid process
Median raphae
Linea alba
1-4 ribs
0a
single
Rectus abdominis attachment -        Origin Lateral head- Pubic crest Medial head- Anterior pubic ligament -        Insertion Xiphoid process Costal cartilages- 5,6,7
Anatomy
null
c5729635-0bf1-4816-9bda-59887ee039ce
In tubo-tympanic CSOM commonest operation done is:
Modified radical mastoidectomy
Radical mastoidectomy
Simple mastoidectomy
Tympanoplasty
3d
single
(d) Tympanoplasty(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 2; 997)Management of tubo-tympanic CSOM is tympanoplastyRadical and modified radical mastoidectomy are done for unsafe CSOM.Simple mastoidectomy or Schwartze operation is done for acute and coalescent mastoiditis.
ENT
Ear
f39377ef-8c1e-40b6-b421-ce9075dd95b6
Percentage of hepatitis after halothane use
20%
40%
1 in 30000
1 in 3000
2c
single
The first modern halogenated volatile anesthetic, halothane, was introduced in 1955. Clinical exposure to halothane is associated with two distinct types of hepatic injury. Subclinical hepatotoxicity occurs in 20% of adults who receive halothane. It is characterized by mild postoperative elevations in alanine aminotran...
Anaesthesia
General anaesthesia
fb7d3967-bf3b-41fb-89b8-5562ca72dabd
NOT seen in heat stroke: Kerala 06
Hypovolemic shock
Rhabdomyolysis
Pancreatitis
Cerebral edema
0a
single
Ans. Hypovolemic shock
Forensic Medicine
null
4b93568b-1ec4-4bab-991b-5bca1d61585f
Not true about eukaryotic gene:
Polycistronic mRNA
Noncoding intron
Contain nuclear gene & pseudogene
Modification of mRNA before transpoation from nucleus
0a
multi
A i.e. Polycistronic mRNA
Biochemistry
null
829bc009-694b-4e9a-b479-73b279e7b719
Which is not a pyrogen -
lFN-a
TNF-cx
IL-4
IL -18
3d
single
Pyrogenic cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-a, which result from stimulated mononuclear phagocytes, interact directly with the anterior hypothalamus, which coordinates thermoregulation through a hierarchy of neural structures. Prostaglandin E2 is a proximal mediator in the preoptic...
Medicine
Miscellaneous
1380604a-76d9-4a45-8dd8-3ad908969bd4
ACE inhibitor when used for long time in hypeension patient cause
Rightward shift in Renal pressure natriuresis curve
Reduction in filtration fraction
Significant increase in hea rate
No change in the compliance of large aeries
1b
single
Refer Goodman and Gilman 10e p804 Angiotensin 2 shifts the renal pressure natriuresis curve to the right side and helps to adjust the sodium levels in the body according to dietary intake of the sodium( more excretion from more intake and less excretion from less excretion from less intake ACE inhibitors block the acti...
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular system
3424710d-4072-4bb9-bd53-0267f5f81f68
True about Acrodermatitis enteropathica is?
Lifelong treatment required
Autosomal dominant disorder
Wound healing is not affected
Zinc absorption is normal
0a
multi
ANSWER: (A) Lifelong treatment requiredREF: Rook's 8rh ed p. 59.73Acrodermatitis enteropathica:Rare autosomal recessive diseaseZinc absorption is lowDisease starts at weaning when child is not given milkPhotophobia is seen, vescicobullous lesions may be seenGrowth is retarded and wound healing is poorZinc sulfate is us...
Skin
General
ca015478-5158-4299-980c-4640b36e099d
The following condition of GB is precancerous
Cholesterosis
Porcelain gall bladder
Biliary atresia
Choledochal cyst
1b
multi
Porcelain gallbladder is the pattern when the gallbladder wall is calcified and cracks like an egg-shell. Porcelain gallbladdder is paicularly likely to become cancerous. Risk factors for ca gallbladder includes: 1. Gallstones 2. Genetic factors. 3.carcinogen in bile acids 4.calcificatiin of gall bladder (porcelain gal...
Pathology
G.I.T
bc8006a3-bb7c-45e4-ad74-874e59bf1680
Which of the following are X- linked recessive disorders:
Marfan Syndrome
Phenylketonuria
Neurofibromatosis
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
3d
single
D i.e. Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Medicine
null
d6174b69-4f30-4e4a-bd88-43c1b6cf31c7
Crystalline lens develops from
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Surface ectoderm
Neuroectoderm
2c
multi
The lens or crystalline lens or aquula ) has a key role in focussing light (with the cornea) upon the neural retina. The lens embryonic origin is from surface ectoderm of the sensory placodes that form in the head region . The lens focusses by refracting light as it passes through the biconvex lens, which can be altere...
Anatomy
Head and neck
19f0f58a-bc20-412f-bb58-9a1faa234a76
Hormonal treatment is given for which of the following malignancy -
Chorio Carcinoma
Carcinoma prostate
Hepatoma
Teratoma
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Carcinoma prostate
Surgery
null
36e9a46c-bfd4-42db-9cf5-2b73d0a32fea
A 23 year old man involved in a A and is brought to the emergency room with a displaced fracture of the distal third of his left humeral shaft. On his right side he has a displaced fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus as well as a fracture of the medial epicondyle of his distal humerus. He complains of pain in ...
Biceps
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
1b
multi
The radial nerve innervates the triceps, brachioradialis, wrist and finger extensors, and supinator. The extensor carpi radialis longus is a wrist extensor and is innervated by the radial nerve.The biceps muscles are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.The flexor carpi radialis is innervated by the median nerve. T...
Anatomy
null
fcf1c185-272f-46af-be4e-0a8692d36e73
Muscle supplied by median nerve:
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
All
3d
multi
A, B, C, i.e. Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis, & First lumbricals
Anatomy
null
0e50372d-92cc-432c-adcc-4b2011a3d31a
Thrombotic event is seen in all of following except -
PNH
Die
ITP
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
2c
multi
Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP), also known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, is a type of thrombocytopenic purpura defined as an isolated low platelet count with a normal bone marrow in the absence of other causes of low platelets. It causes a characteristic red or purple bruise-like rash and an increased ...
Medicine
Haematology
faf871f3-d13d-4b83-a879-c9bda46d3e82
Erotomania is seen in
Bipolar mania
Unipolar mania
Neurosis
OCD
0a
single
In erotomania, which has also been referred to as de Clerambault syndrome it is also called as psychose passionelle. here the patient has the delusional conviction that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with him or her. Besides being the key symptom in some cases of delusional disorder, it is known t...
Psychiatry
Symptoms and signs in psychiatry and classification
48ee6508-b9fa-4141-af66-ed0deeee19b0
Which of the following is NOT a MAO inhibitor?
Tranylcypromine
Isocarboxazide
Phenelzine
Maprotiline
3d
single
Maprotiline is not an MAO inhibitor whereas the rest three are. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed.
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
b3278b6a-2f6e-4a05-87c1-18772ca70c83
A 7-year old boy presented with severe abdominal pain. On examination, he had xanthoma. Blood sample was taken for work-up blood sample had milky appearance of plasma. Which of the following lipoprotein is increased?
LDL
HDL
Chylomicron
Chylomicron remnants
2c
single
Ans: C. ChylomicronType I or V hyperlipoproteinemia:Features:Severe abdominal pain, xanthomas & milky appearance of plasma.Elevated levels of chylomicrons.(Ref. Harrison 19/e p2438-2447, 18/e p3148).
Biochemistry
null
05562a53-1fbf-4697-b61c-e85b4cbe2f3d
A 16 year old girl with blind vagina and absent uterus presents to you. The investigation you will like to do first is :
Intravenous pyelography
FSH
Karyotyping
CT scan of pelvis
2c
single
Karyotyping
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
5dc22cf9-fe0a-451c-9a0b-4986711b82a9
In infont brought with stridor, He is diagnosed as laryngomalavo, Following things seen, except
Stridor will be inspiratory
Floppy AE folds
Hoarse acy
Prominent arytenouds
2c
multi
Laryngomalacia is supraglottic disease hence Hoovsness not seen.
ENT
null
57049ba5-c2b5-4e04-8d75-3c30cac441ad
A woman receives an organ transplant from her sister who is an identical twin. What type of graft is it?
Allograft
Autograft
Xenograft
Isograft
3d
multi
An Isograft is a graft of tissue between two individuals who are genetically identical (i.e. monozygotic twins). Transplant rejection between two such individuals viually never occurs Ref : Ananthanarayana textbook of Microbiology 9th edition Pgno : 183
Microbiology
Immunology
7dc82d10-b460-4450-a5d9-3189e04de8a0
All of the following are causes of cicatrizing alopecia except:
Lichen planus
Discoid lupus erythematosus
Alopecia areata
Lupus vulgaris
2c
multi
C i.e. Alopacia aerate
Skin
null
1a5026db-638b-4275-8047-abd9728a50cc
The following statements are true regarding botulism except
Infant botulism is caused by ingestion of preformed toxin
Clostridium botulinum A, B, C and F cause human disease
The gene for botulinum toxin is encoded by a bacteriophage
Clostridium baratti may cause botulism
0a
multi
Infant botulism is caused by ingestion of spores of Clostridium botulinum in food which gets deposited in the gut and later produces toxin. Cases occur in infants below 6 months. Older children are not susceptible. The manifestations are constipation, poor feeding, lethargy, weakness, pooled oral secretions, weak or al...
Microbiology
Bacteriology
ef778d2c-c68e-439a-8b2e-eb2ccf844d2b
H202 is breaked or formed by which of the following enzyme:
Oxidase
Oxygenase
Hydrolase
All
0a
multi
A i.e. OxidaseOxidase & superoxide dismutase generate H202, where as catalase and peroxidase are associated with breakdown of 11202Q.
Biochemistry
null
d8aa8ce2-9078-4d52-829e-e0f4550166af
The liver is the principal site for A. Synthesis of plasma albumin B. synthesis of plasma globulins C. Synthesis of vitamin B12 D. Storage of Vitamin C E Storage of iron
AE
BC
DA
EC
0a
single
The liver has many different functions in the body, but the main function of the liverin digestion is the production of bile and its secretion into the small intestine. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located just posterior to the liver.
Physiology
null
f11342ea-8992-4c1a-a79e-c39062a0917f
Most common hea disease which is associated with maximum moality during pregnancy is:
Eisenmenger syndrome
MR
AR
VSD
0a
single
Eisenmenger's syndrome is the reversal of a left to right shunt (ASD, VSD, PDA) due to progressive pulmonary hypeension. Maternal moality approaches 30-50% and fetal loss may be as high as 75%. It is one of the few conditions in which pregnancy is contraindicated. Women with Eisenmenger syndrome tolerate hypotension po...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
0c44fa96-81b2-4119-8f22-3d0a575a4401
Prolongd apnea may occur in patients with a genertically determined abnormal variant of cholinesterase following intravenous administration of
Succinylcholine
Tubocurarine
Mivacurium
Succinylcholine or mivacurium
3d
multi
Both succinylcholine and mivacurium are completely and rapidly eliminated by plasma cholinesterase. Other nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers, such as tu­bocurarine, pancuronium, and atracurium, are elimi­nated by renal or hepatic mechanisms or by spontane­ous hydrolysis (atracurium). Patients with genetically deter...
Unknown
null
c1068e35-0cdc-4ab8-8cff-d2582794746f
Epithelial lining of glottis/ true vocal cords:March 2013 (c)
Stratified squamous non-keratinized
Stratified squamous keratinized
Ciliated columnar
Non-ciliated columnar
0a
multi
Ans. A i.e. Stratified squamous non-keratinized
Surgery
null
84299e3a-8673-4786-be8c-7f868b32d749
A pregnant woman with a family history of fragile X syndrome undergoes prenatal testing of her fetus. PCR analysis to amplify the appropriate region of the FMR1 gene is attempted using DNA from amniotic fluid cells, but no amplified products are obtained. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
Routine karyotyping of the amniotic fluid cells
Routine karyotyping of the unaffected father
Southern blot analysis of DNA from the amniotic fluid cells
PCR analysis of the mother's FMR1 gene
2c
multi
Failure to find amplified product by PCR analysis in such a case could mean that the fetus is not affected, or that there is a full mutation that is too large to be detected by PCR. The next logical step is a Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from fetal cells. Routine karyotyping of the amniotic fluid cells is much...
Pathology
Genetics
819c1540-767f-4f38-9357-cd42cdffe82d
Dose of digoxin is NOT altered in ?
Old age
Hepatic disease
Renal disease
Hypercalcemia
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hepatic disease o Make it clear once and for all that Digitalis is the parent compound. Digitalis is applied as a collective term for the whole group and has come to mean a cardiac glycoside. o Digoxin and digitoxin are two of the many types of cardiac glycoside. o Digoxin is a polar glycoside, and is...
Pharmacology
null
535766cf-7a8b-48c6-9eda-dba0b4afefa1
Ketamine acts an which receptors -
GABA
Muscarinic
5-HT4
NMDA
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., NMDA o Ketamine increases cerebral blood flow, metabolism, oxygen consumption and intracranial tension, unlike thiopentone, propofol&etomidate, which have cerebroprotectiveeffect, therefore ketamine is contraindicated in head injury, intracranial space occupying lesions and for neuroanaesthesia.Ketami...
Anaesthesia
Miscellaneous General Anesthesia
89f9ea7e-a430-4221-8d66-2ca11051674c
Parkinson triad contains all EXCEPT: September 2012
Rigidity
Resting tremors
Bradykinesia
Preserved postural reflexes
3d
multi
Ans. D i.e. Preserved postural reflexes Parkinsonism is a disorder of the extrapyramidal system, characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural disturbances Parkinsonism/Parkinson's syndrome/Atypical Parkinson's/Secondary Parkinson's It is a neurological syndrome (not necessarily the specific disease) cha...
Pathology
null
76419b60-8de5-4a78-b065-4382c8725441
Mechanism of action of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) as an antiviral agent is:
Inhibition of M2 receptor
Neuraminidase inhibition
Inhibition of RNA dependent DNA polymerase
Apoptosis of infected cells
1b
single
Answer- B. Neuraminidase inhibitionThe neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir, analogs of sialic ocid, interfere with release of progenyinfluenza vitus from infected host cells, thas halting the spread of infection within the respiratory tract. These agentscompetitively and reversibly interact with the acti...
Pharmacology
null
0e7d8430-2e9b-4fd6-98cc-0c1408e28565
Aerial biopsy of elderly male shows fragmentation of elastic lamina, lymphocyte infiltration and giant cells ?
Temporal aeritis
Takayasu disease
Polyaeritisnodosa
Kawasaki disease
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Temporal aeritisGiant cell aeritis or temporal aeritisIt is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in adults.It is an acute and chronic, often granulomatous inflammation of aeries of large to small size.Giant cell aeritis affects principally the aeries in the head, especially the temporal aeries ...
Pathology
null
9a1f63fa-0f2c-4323-b729-cadd4dd82a07
Which of the following tests is done for vaginal cells collected for the investigation for rape?
Lugol's iodine test
Benzidine test
Takayama test
Florence test
0a
single
Lugol's iodine test:- Lugol's iodine is applied on glans penis. If the person has done sexual intercourse, then a brown colour will occur due to reaction between Lugol's iodine and glycogen (present in vaginal epithelial cells, which get deposited on Glans penis during sexual intercourse). This test is positive up to 4...
Forensic Medicine
Sexual offences
b521ddee-9a0b-46ea-8afa-4508b2376b1f
Which of the following is drug of choice for CMV retinitis?
Acyclovir
Tenofovir
Ganciclovir
Abacavir
2c
single
Doc for CMV retinitis - Ganciclovir Other drugs used - Foscarnet, cidofovir Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Varicella zoster virus (VZV) - Acyclovir Anti HIV drugs - Tenofovir, Abacavir Ganciclovir: Activated intracellularly by virus specific thymidine kinase Due to poor oral absorption, bioavailability of ganciclovir is l...
Pharmacology
Anti-Viral Drugs
33ed8a81-8b1b-4ef6-985c-46bc1bebb7a4
Predisposing factor for carcinoma vulva is all Except
Smoking
HPV
Fibroepithelial polyp
Leukoplakia
2c
multi
The etiologic role of ceain viruses in carcinogenesis, paicularly high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, in these sites is well documented. Mention has already been made about the preceding stage of vulval epithelial disorders, paicularly squamous hyperplasia, in the development of these lesions. Ref: HARSH MOHAN TEXTBOOK OF P...
Pathology
miscellaneous
1173a087-fea6-4228-89a0-e221549f3baa
Not a site of hematpoiesis in fetus -
Kidney
Liver
Spleen
Yolk sac
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Kidney Erythropoies siteso Intrauteriney 0-10 weeksy 10 weeks - 5 monthsy 5 month onward-Yolk sac-Liver (maj or organ) and spleen- Bone marrowo After birthUpto 20 years - Bone marrow of all bonesAfter 20 years - Flat bones of axial skeletal and proximal end of humerus and femur.
Physiology
Blood: RBCs, Anemia, and Polycythemia
0c7a251f-d0de-40d8-87e6-e3d4dcfd176e
Osteoporosis is caused by ill except:
Sarcoidosis
Old age
Hypoparathyroidism
Steroid therapy
2c
multi
Answer is C (Hypoparathyroidism) : Osteoporosis is a feature of Hyperparathyroidism (not hypoparathyroidism).
Medicine
null
f79c7007-034c-4da7-9940-b5ed6385083f
The commonest extradural spinal tumour is ?
Neurofibroma
Glioma
Meningioma
Metastasis
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Metastasis
Surgery
null