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135
ab239995-9fad-4e7a-94d6-a467b34d75a4
All are true regarding Helicobacter pylori except:
Less prevalent in developing countries
Toxicogenic strains usually causes ulcers
Urea breath test is positive
Gram negative organism
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' ie Less prevalent in developing countries (Ref. Harrison 17/e p 946 & 16/e, p 886 (15/e p 962 & 963))All the options can be easily understood as they have been frequently asked in previous year papers. Only option 'b' needs some explanation.Virulence factors in H. Pylori are-Vacuolating cytotoxin (Vac A)Gro...
Medicine
Peptic Ulcer and Related Disorders
dddfb5d5-0e68-4ed2-908c-047c4a6a7543
All of the following forms sulphur granules except
Chromoblastomycosis
Botryomycosis
Mycetoma
Actinomycosis
0a
multi
Chromoblastomycosis - histological they appear as yeast like bodies and septate, called as sclerotic bodies. Botryomycosis - caused by staph aureus, clinically resembling mycetoma. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition
Microbiology
mycology
e431916e-9875-4715-a20c-6b1b7549825c
A 28-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department complaining of pain in the umbilical region that moves to the right iliac fossa. Which is a corroborative sign of acute appendicitis?
Referred pain in the right side with pressure on the left (Rovsing) sign
Increase of pain with testicular elevation
Relief of pain in lower abdomen with extension of thigh
Relief of pain in lower abdomen with internal rotation of right thigh
0a
single
Rousing's sign is corroborative of acute appendicitis. The other signs are corroborative of appendicitis. Hyperesthesia is a useful sign provided that it is performed objectively. The area of hyperesthesia is a triangular area (base placed upward) in the right lower abdomen.
Surgery
Small & Large Intestine
46750768-b62c-4dda-96da-bae2a06c9806
Which of the following is present in the posterior cranial fossa in a five year old child?
Foramen rotundum
Foramen lacerum
Jugular foramen
Foramen spinosum
2c
single
Except jugular foramen, all other foramen (Option 1,2 and 4) are present in middle cranial fossa.
Anatomy
null
6ae5c665-c419-4703-a64d-c6d29f2d3cff
Which one of the following is true regarding case fatality rate?
Numerator is always constant
Denominator is always constant
Numerator and denominator are propoions of each other
Numerator and denominator are two separate entities
3d
multi
Case fatality rate = No. of deaths due to disease / No. of infected people Case fatality rate (CFR) is the ratio of deaths within a designated population of "cases" (people with a medical condition), over the course of the disease. A CFR is conventionally expressed as a percentage. CFRs are most often used for diseases...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
bc80b7cd-43cb-46f6-a0c5-a61148e34af8
Hea failure cells are
Lipofuscin granules in cardiac cells
Pigmented alveolar macrophages
Pigmented pancreatic acinar cells
Pigment cells seen in liver
1b
single
Rising pressure in the pulmonary veins is ultimately transmitted back to the capillaries and aeries of the lungs, resulting in congestion and edema as well as pleural effusion due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure in the venules of the visceral pleura. The lungs are heavy and boggy, and microscopically show periva...
Pathology
Cardiovascular system
4899ec5b-05c6-4e13-bce6-2f71c20a2ef3
An acidic drug has pKa value 4.5. Percentage of ionized drug at pH 3.5-
1%
10%
90%
99%
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 10% o The degree of ionization of a drug (an organ electrolyte) depends on its pKa value and pH of the environment. 1. For acidic drugs
Pharmacology
null
c9b10ca0-b8c7-409f-b72a-23b65897705d
All of the following are present in lateral sulcus except:
Middle cerebral artery
Superficial middle cerebral vein
Deep middle cerebral vein
Great cerebral vein
3d
multi
Ans. D. Great cerebral veinGreat cerebral vein of Galen is formed by the union of two internal cerebral veins, which run around the brain stem.
Anatomy
Neuroanatomy
c9e04c43-dcc0-4b2d-bdad-25f0c66c8f03
Large tongue is common in
Turner syndrome
Treacher collins syndrome
Hypothyroidism
Congenital syphilis
2c
single
Oral manifestations of hypothyroidism : Childhood hypothyroidism known as cretinisim is characterized by thick lips, large protruding tongue (macroglossia), malocclusion and delayed eruption of teeth. Thickening of the lips and macroglossia is due to increased accumulation of subcutaneous mucopolysaccharides i.e., glyc...
Pediatrics
Genetic and genetic disorders
a41eabc3-a358-4d4b-9ff9-0eafd75a1606
Cardiac glycosides are obtained from following plant source:
Rauwolfia serpentina.
Strophanthus gratus.
Ricinus communis.
Atropa belladonna.
1b
single
The following are obtained from Rauwolfia serpentina--Reserpine. Strophanthus gratus--Strophanthin-G (Ouabain) A cardiac glycoside. Ricinus communis--Castor oil. Atropa belladonna--Atropine
Surgery
null
8013bdb3-f6f8-418a-94b5-2a1e5650c6e4
False statement about selegeline is -
It is a MAO -A inhibitor
Does not cause cheese reaction
May be used in on - off phenomenon
It is used in parkinsonism
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., It is a MAO-A inhibitor o Selegeline (deprenyl) inhibitis MAO-B o Unlike nonselective MAO inhibitors, selegiline in low doses does not interfere with peripheral metabolism of dietary amine (tyramine), accumulation and hypeensive reaction (cheese reaction) does not develop, while intracerebral degradat...
Pharmacology
null
82533302-e4ab-45d5-b2a7-fbf13fbdeb7c
Which of the following is cardiotoxic
Methotrexate
Cyclophosphamide
Adriamycin
Vincristine
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Adriamycin and 'b' i.e., Cyclophosphamide Both Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide have cardiotoxicity.Cardiotoxicity of Adriamycin: -ECG changes, arrhythmiasCongestive heart failureCardiomyopathyDoxorubicin is also known as Adriamycin.Other anticancer drugs causing cardiotoxicity:DaunorubicinCyclophospha...
Pharmacology
Anti-Neoplastic Agents
959f1ed6-f5a3-41f6-a9f1-cbaef6fbac0d
True regarding cavity of diencephalons is
Septum pellucidum forms paition
Septum pellucidum cavity opens superiorly
Lateral wall is lamina terminalis
Inter thalamic adhesions join lateral walls
3d
multi
D i.e. Inter thalamic adhesions join lateral Walls Lamina terminalis is a thin sheet of gay matter, which extend between two hemisphere from rostrum of corpus callosum to top of optic chiasma forming the anterior wall of 3rd ventricle. Septum pellucidum is a thin veical sheet of (gray & white) nervous tissue, which con...
Anatomy
null
6096b752-956b-4672-8b16-22dfb9e3cc9d
A women at 8 months of pregnancy complains of abdominal pain and slight vaginal bleed. On examination the uterus is tender with size more than expected for dates with absent fetal hea sounds. The diagnosis
Hydramnios
Concealed haemorrhage
Active labour
Uterine rupture
1b
single
This is a case of abruption with concealed retroplacental bleed which makes the uterus tender and also increase the uterine height. Please note that there may be some amount of vaginal bleeding in concealed hemorrhage as well. The uterine tenderness is also because of bruising of the uterine surface. With abruption the...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Antepaum Haemorrhage
27a44bb3-2b45-4c4d-ba23-b938bbfcf69d
Which of the following is not an accepted method of randomization
Computer drawn randomization
Odd/even day hospital admission
Lottery
Random number table
1b
single
Basic steps in conducting randomized control trials include Drawing up a protocol Selecting reference and experimental population Randomization Manipulation or intervention Follow up Assessment of outcome (refer pg 81, park 23 rd edition)
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
b44f601d-8153-41da-8a13-f6c4135f69be
A patient is receiveing insulin and acarbose for diabetes mellitus and developed hypoglycemia. Which of the following should be used for treatment of hypoglycemia in this patient
Sucrose
Galactose
Glucose
Starch
2c
single
Refer Katzung 11/e p 743 Complex carbohydrates are absorbed after conversion bro simple carbohydrates by alpha -glucosidase Inhibitors of this enzyme decrease carbohydrate absorption from the GIT Although these drugs themselves do not cause by hypoglycemia but blood sugars B-Day decrease big these are combined with ins...
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
c2c24397-4499-4b86-848f-c6be7ebd9f40
This type of asphyxia is termed as:
Smothering
Garroting
Choking
Mugging
3d
single
Ans. (D). MuggingThe image shows neck compression by the bend of elbow.MuggingQ is constriction of neck by bend of elbow or bend of knee.
Forensic Medicine
Asphyxial Deaths
07c146a1-43f0-4852-af19-0ac48484a900
Lacrimation is affected when facial nerve injury is at:
Geniculate ganglion
Mastoid segment
At Otic ganglion
At Stylomastoid foramen
0a
single
(a) Geniculate ganglion(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2606)Mastoid segment and Stylomastoid foramen are beyond the geniculate ganglion.Otic ganglion is for the parasympathetic supply to the parotid.
ENT
Facial Nerve And Its Disorders
d5b11f78-500d-4784-b368-b24b3595e970
A gardener has multiple vesicles on hand and multiple eruptions along the lymphatics. The most common fungus responsible is?
Sporothrix schenckii
Cladosporium
Histoplasma
Candida
0a
single
Multiple vesicles on hand and multiple eruptions along the lymphatics in a gardener suggest typical clinical manifestation of Sporotrichosis. Sporotrichosis caused by thermally dimorphic fungi, Sporothrix schenckii Infection is introduced in skin by trauma (thorn prick injury), hence Sporotrichosis also called as ‘Rose...
Microbiology
null
88d6c85a-fb0b-4ee5-ace1-ce80ad11a082
All the following are true about naegleria fowleri expect
Cause primary Amoebic meningo encephalitis
Also called Brain eating amoeba
Infective form is trophozoites
Clinical course is subacute to chronic
3d
multi
Clinical course is always acute.
Microbiology
null
8da237a1-406a-4737-a00b-3d1dad82d9a6
Which of the following is a chemokine?
Leukotriene A4
IL-8
C5
C3
1b
single
Their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells; they are chemotactic cytokines. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells. It is also synthesized by endothelial cells, which store IL-8 in their storage ves...
Pathology
null
1f432b06-5c9f-41ef-b479-1ecd76899d51
Which of the following fluorinated anaesthetics corrodes metal in vaporizers and breathing systems ?
Sevoflurane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Halothane
3d
single
In the presence of moisture halothane attacks metals (tin, brass and aluminum) in vaporisers and circuits.
Anaesthesia
null
fabc5e76-fae4-4144-a93e-ae9204c6c0af
All are contents of axilla, except ?
Axillary tail of breast
Axillary vessels
Axillary sheath
Roots of brachial plexus
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Roots of brachial plexusContents of axillaThree cords of brachial plexus and their branches.Axillary aery and its branches.Axillary vein and its tributaries, including the terminal pa of cephalic vein.Axillary group of lymph nodes.Axillary sheath, prolongation of preveebral layer of deep cervical fasc...
Anatomy
null
e11c0537-a0e3-4b68-9378-589d10c19e1c
Endemic relapsing fever is caused by all except?
Borrelia duttonii
Borrelia hermsii
Borrelia parkeri
Borrelia recurrentis
3d
multi
Endemic relapsing fever is caused by Borreliae duttoni,B.hermsii which normally live in their natural host rodents, or in other mammals which the vector takes feed. Borrelia recurrentis causes epidemic relapsing fever. It is also called louse borne relapsing fever. Characteristic corkscrew shaped appearance of Borrelia
Microbiology
Systemic Bacteriology (Haemophilus, Yersinia, Spirochaetes, Ricketssia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Miscellaneous Bacteria)
4a352da3-d599-4c6b-b3bd-d03ba29a8e19
Auto-an bodies against the Alpha enolase of endothelial cells is used in?
Pauci-aicular JRA
Autoimmune hepatitis
Myasthenia gravis
Behcets syndrome
3d
single
.
Pathology
All India exam
34e5d3c0-2c63-42df-932b-e6218eb30a6e
USG abdomen of a 30-year-old SLE patient who cannot feel her baby moving for past 7 days. Earliest appearance of spalding sign is at
3 days
4 days
6 days
7 days
3d
single
Image Courtesy- Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, https://radiopaedia.org/cases/8266 * Anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome explains the I.U.D* The irregular overlapping of the cranial bones on one another- spalding sign is due to liquefaction of the brain matter and softening of the ligamentous structures support...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
df8221d3-031e-44d1-b259-859b44fd7df8
Which of the following is an intra-aicular tendon?
Saorius
Semitendinosus
Anconeus
Popliteus
3d
single
The popliteus tendon is located within the capsule of the knee joint making it an intra-aicular tendon. Saorius, Semitendinosus and Anconeus are not intra-aicluar tendons.
Anatomy
null
0b0acf30-7bdb-4ae6-bb36-0419ce22b8b8
Drugs which increases nitric oxide are all except?
Glycerine trinitrate
Hydralazine
Sodium nitroprusside
Fenoldopam
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fenoldopam o NO donors, which release NO are used to elicit smooth muscle relaxation. Drugs are - 1. Organic nitrates (nitroglycerine) 3. Sodium nitroprusside 5. Nebivolol 2. Organic nitrites (Isoamylnitrite) 4. Hydralazine
Pharmacology
null
12640ea3-67ce-4519-b87f-a3742413245a
Riedel's thyroiditis is associated with:
Hypehyroidism
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Hyperparathyroidism
Non-palpable thyroid gland
1b
single
Riedel's Thyroiditis Aka Invasive Fibrous thyroiditis Characterized by complete replacement of thyroid and parathyroid glands by fibrous tissue. Associated with Retro orbital fibrosis Periorbital fibrosis Retroperitoneal fibrosis Sclerosing cholangitis Management Lifelong levothyroxine (due to permanent hypothyroidism)...
Surgery
Thyroid
639123bc-8fe4-40b6-966d-a564fb9c9dd7
In lead poisoning, there is an inhibition of some of the enzymes of the heme biosynthetic pathway. This is reflected by the accumulation of what substance in blood?
Uroporphyrinogen III
Ferrochelatase
Porphob I inogen
Delta amino levulinic acid
3d
single
Ans: D. Delta amino levulinic acid(Ref: Harper 30/e n329)Lead poisoning:Affect heme metabolism by combining with SH groups in ferrochelatase & ALA (delta-amino levulinic acid) dehydratase enzymes.Elevated protoporphyrin levels - Found in RBC's.Elevated ALA & coproporphyrin levels - Found in urine.
Biochemistry
null
e89c0dce-e2fc-4848-b0ca-d979a55522cc
Which of the following are common physiological problems in neonates:
Erythema toxicum
Transitional stools
Mongolian spots
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. D. All of the aboveNeonates may have minor physiological peculiarities which are of no serious consequences. These include(i) Regurgitation of milk (most neonates take out small amount of curdled milk soon after feed. Child is usually active and vomitus is never yellow or green colour)(ii) Transitional stools: It ...
Pediatrics
New Born Infants
2a9c74dd-a1a6-4481-b7e1-27e4b185bfe7
Which among the following is produced by a linear accelerator?
X rays
Beta rays
Gamma rays
Neutrons
0a
single
Linear accelerator is source of powerful x-rays. The name linear accelerator comes from the fact that electrons are produced in the machine and accelerated in a straight line. They then smash into a metal target within the machine and, because the energies involved are so high, produce high energy x-rays. Cyclotron is ...
Radiology
null
1131f5ff-f8d4-4e95-b5e8-ccd7877dc42e
An 18-year-old previously healthy man is placed on intravenous heparin after having a pulmonary embolism (PE) after exploratory laparotomy for a small-bowel injury following a motor vehicle collision. Five days later, his platelet count is 90,000/mL and continues to fall over the next several days. The patient's serum ...
Cessation of all anticoagulation therapy
Cessation of heparin and immediate institution of high-dose warfarin therapy
Cessation of heparin and institution of low-molecular-weight heparin
. Cessation of heparin and institution of lepirudin
3d
multi
The patient has heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which is a complication of heparin therapy, at both prophylactic and therapeutic doses. HIT is mediated by antibodies to the complexes formed by binding of heparin to platelet factor 4. In a previously unexposed patient, HIT typically manifests after 5 days as a d...
Anaesthesia
Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia
0036cad0-d22f-453c-b075-322479d19d6e
Emergency contraceptive of choice is:
OCP
Danazol
Levonorgestrel
Mifepristone
2c
single
Ans. is c, i.e. LevonorgestrelRef: Leon Speroff 7th/ed, p927; Novak 14th/ed, p283-285Drugs used for Emergency contraception:1. OCP's (Morning after pill)2. Levonorgestrel alone-Mostly used drug/progesterone for Emergency contraception3. Copper Intrauterine device4. Mifepristone/RU-4865. Centchroman6. UlipristalNote: LN...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Contraceptives
8454b94c-dad7-4981-b15b-370631629037
Patient of contamination phobia was asked by therapist to follow behind and touch everything he touches in patients house Therapist kept talking quietly & calmly all the time. And the patient was asked to repeat the procedure twice daily. The procedure is
Flooding
Modelling
Positive reinforcement
Aversion therapy
1b
multi
B i.e. Modelling
Psychiatry
null
94666b88-99b9-45f2-a947-00c50752bc16
Misoprostol is indicated in all of the following except: September 2005, 2010
Postpaum hemorrhage
Missed aboion
Induction of labour
Menorrhagia
3d
multi
Ans. D: Menorrhagia Misoprostol is commonly used for labor induction. It causes uterine contractions and the ripening (effacement or thinning) of the cervix. Misoprostol is more effective in staing labor than other drugs used for labor induction. It is also significantly less expensive than the other commonly used agen...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
eae94154-fe5e-4206-bbd5-f15f8c93a580
A 25-year-old woman has a 3-year history of arthralgias. Physical examination shows no joint deformity, but she appears pale. Laboratory studies show a total RBC count of 4.7 million/ mm3, hemoglobin of 12.5 g/dL, hematocrit of 37.1%, platelet count of 217,000/ mm3, and WBC count of 5890/ mm3. The peripheral blood smea...
Anemia of chronic disease
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
b-Thalassemia minor
Infection with Plasmodium vivax
2c
single
Although b-thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia are both characterized by hypochromic and microcytic RBCs, there is no increase in hemoglobin A2 in iron deficiency states. A normal serum ferritin level also excludes iron deficiency. In contrast to b-thalassemia major, there is usually mild anemia without major ...
Pathology
Blood
01839bb8-3b4e-4820-b7ad-ad7948dfd0e7
Atropine is substituted by phenylephrine to facilitate fundus examination when?
Mydriasis required without cycloplagia
Cycloplegia is required
Mydriasis and cycloplegia both required
Cycloplegia and mydriasis both are not required
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mydriasis required without cycloplagia o Anticholinergic drugs (atropine) cause i) Mydriasis ii) Paralysis of ciliary muscles (cycloplegia) o Adrenergic drugs (phenylephrine) cause i) Mydriasis ii) Has no action on ciliary smooth muscles --> no cycloplegia For fundoscopy only mydriasis is required (no...
Pharmacology
null
7062bb04-18c1-4a38-9c0a-20af8bf4a585
A patient was started on fluphenazine. After few weeks of treatment, he started developing tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia and excessive salivation. First line of management for this patient is
Trihexyphenidyl
Pramipexole
Amantadine
Selegiline
0a
single
* Fluphenazine - D2 blocker (Anti-psychotic)* This is a case of typical antipsychotic induced parkinsonism.* The only group of drugs effective against "Pharmacological parkinsonism" (Drug induced parkinsonism) are Anti-cholinergic agents* Trihexyphenidyl:# Has high Central: Peripheral anticholinergic actions than atrop...
Pharmacology
C.N.S
6e579ab3-8f6d-4e12-a664-722983ae08cd
A newborn baby develops cyanosis on day three of life. On auscultation, there is a systolic murmur. Echocardiography reveals a cyanotic hea disease in the baby. Which one of the following drugs can be administered to prolong the life of the baby pending intervention -
Indomethacin
Ibuprofen
Prostaglandin El
Propanolol
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Prostaglandin E1
Pediatrics
null
d0b865df-5575-4604-8c7c-00056e10674e
Rinne&;s test is negative in
Acoustic neuroma
Tympanosclerosis
Meniere's disease
Sensorineural deafness
1b
single
Rinne test: In this test air conduction of the ear is compared with its bone conduction. A vibrating tuning fork is placed on the patient's mastoid and when he stops hearing, it is brought beside the meatus. If he still hears, AC is more than BC. Alternatively, the patient is asked to compare the loudness of sound hear...
ENT
Ear
b8528966-2abd-4989-9346-347081a09700
A 16-year-old female patient presents with complaints of a non-productive cough, low grade fever, and a headache. The physician also notes a non-purulent otitis media. She is treated with an antibiotic that inhibits the translocation of the growing peptide chain along the mRNA. The antibiotic the patient was given was?
Chloramphenicol
Cycloheximide
Erythromycin
Puromycin
2c
single
This patient was infected with M. pneumoniae, the most common cause of pneumonia in young adults. The disorder is usually characterized by a non-productive cough, low-grade fever, and a headache as well as non-purulent otitis media or bullous myringitis in about 20% of the patients. It is usually treated with erythromy...
Pharmacology
null
cdec2a93-964a-4a24-aff8-a784ff27411c
Sign of inoperability of ovarian tumour is :
Excrescences over surface
Stromel invasion
Peritoneal involvement
Pelvic metastasis
2c
single
Peritoneal involvement
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
6aae91f1-4623-4a46-96f1-b12010ef5b27
Which is the most common cause of this condition?
Berger Disease
Diabetes
Aortic Embolism
Dissection of aorta
1b
single
Ans. B. Diabetesa. The image is of foot ulcers due to peripheral nerve dysfunction. This scenario mainly suggests the diagnosis of Diabetic foot.b. In this case wound may take a long time to heal. Consequently, infections may set in & amputation may result.
Medicine
C.V.S.
9781ba55-249f-42c2-9450-bd698c47784a
Most orable prognosis after radiotherapy is in -
Melanoma
Teratoma
Seminoma
Desmoid
2c
single
Answer is 'c' i.e. Seminoma
Surgery
null
2e368f29-6de7-4fb4-8800-b31fe6015325
Careless handling of a suspected case of cervical spine injury may result in -
Injury to the spinal cord leading to quadriparesis or quadriplegia
Intracranial haemorrhage with cerebral imtation of unconsciousness.
Cervical haematoma with compression of brachial vessels
Complete paralysis of the affected upper extremity
0a
single
Cervical spine should be immoblized because movement at cervical spine can cause further injury to cervical spinal cord which may result in quadriparesis or quadriplegia.
Orthopaedics
null
dc17344a-f8b5-4fee-8624-2f49c7006b2e
Child presents after trauma to head with hyponatremia, volume depletion and increased excretion of urinary Na . What is the probable diagnosis?
Cerebral salt wasting syndrome
SIADH
Adrenal hemorrhage
Autonomic failure
0a
single
Answer- A. Cerebral salt wasting syndromeElectrolyte imbalance is common in traumatic brain injury (TBI), and contributes to brain swelling and to causing seizures.Cerebral salt wasting, a poorly understood form of excretory dysregulation in association with brain insult, leads to volume depletion and hlponatraemia.
Surgery
null
a6285efe-0817-4d67-afff-e701ddf3712b
A 63-year old man presented with massive splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and a total leucocyte count of 17000 per mm3. The flow cytometery showed CD 23 negative and C 5 positive monoclonal cells with bright kappa positively comprising 80% of the peripheral blood lymphoid cells. The most likely diagnosis is -
Mantle cell lymphoma
Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes
Follicular lymphoma
Hairy cell leukemia
0a
single
65 years old man with splenomegaly, lymphodenopathy CD-23 negative and CD-5 positive B-cell suggest the diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma. Clinical features of mantle cell lymphoma It is usually present in fifth to sixth decade with male preponderance. The most common presentation is painless lymphodenopathy. Spleno...
Pathology
null
9aae9f73-bd7d-46b0-a832-ccfc6e708c1e
Measles vaccination compagin between 9-14 years age for elimination is -
Keep up
Follow up
Mop up
Catch up
3d
single
WHO's measles elimination strategy comprises a three part vaccination strategy, i.e. :- i) Catch-up → One-time, nationwide vaccination campaign targeting usually all children aged 9 months to 14 years regardless of history of measles disease or vaccination status. ii) Keep-up → Routine services aimed at vaccinating mo...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
db1ce6fa-7a52-454f-9df3-f2558adb8a13
All are true about ischemic colitis except :
IMA is commonly occluded in cases needing aoic ischemia
Ischaemia is more common in small bowel as compared to large bowel
Most common site of post ischemic structure is sigmoid
Transection of IMA doesnt need reimplantation if aoic surgery is attempted
1b
multi
Indeed, the IMA is frequently occluded in conditions requiring aoic surgery, and in such circumstances, transection of the IMA does not require reimplantation. However, in this situation, the left colon is dependent on collateral blood supply, and transient hypotension at the time of the vascular procedure or immediate...
Surgery
G.I.T
4339ab71-0e6b-43ba-8e35-f0e2c68362dd
A young woman with six weeks amenorrhoea presents with mass abdomen. USG shows empty uterus. Diagnosis is :
Ovarian cyst
Ectopic pregnancy
Complete aboion
None of the above
1b
multi
Ans. is b i.e. Ectopic pregnancy Well friends--a young woman presenting with 6 weeks of amenorrhea and USG showing empty uterus could either mean it is an ectopic pregnancy or aboion. In aboion -- patient will give history of bleeding. pain but mass in abdomen does not our it.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1d525f41-5d6e-4b7d-9bfa-4691854b2640
Histidine is present at the catalytic site of which of the following enzymes
Hexokinase
Carboxypeptidase
Trypsin
All of the above
3d
multi
Active center of enzymes:- Name of enzyme Impoant amino acid at the catalytic site Chymotrypsin His(57), Asp(102), Ser(195) Trypsin Serine, Histidine Thrombin Serine,Histidine Phosphoglucomutase Serine Alkaline phosphatase Serine Carbonic anhydrase Cysteine Hexokinase Histidine Carboxypeptidase Histidine,Arginine,Tyros...
Biochemistry
Enzyme basics and serine proteases
9622131c-0d9c-4437-a3a0-f11bcd703833
A problem village is one where ?
Source of water > 1.6 km away
Water available > 15 meters depth
Excess of fluoride in water
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is `d' i.e., All of the above A problem village has been defined as one Where no source of safe water is available within a distance of 1.6 km, or Where water is available at a depth of more than 15 meters, or Where water source has excess salinity, iron, fluorides and other toxic elements, or Where water is expos...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
6d9d6596-5ece-4f9c-8f32-220157cda483
Which tendon is frequently absent in the upper limb?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum profundus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Palmaris longus
3d
single
The palmaris longus may not always be present. It has a sho belly and long tendon. It originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Distally, it passes over the flexor retinaculum with which its fibres mingle and is attached to the palmar aponeurosis. Reference: Clinical Anatomy for students, a problem-solving ...
Anatomy
Upper limb
34791332-bdbd-47a1-90b6-fdf8b5627c3f
HLA marker of bechet's syndrome
HLA-B27
HLA-DR5
HLA-B51
HLA-CW6
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., HLA-B51
Pathology
null
3f6e5fc0-5b8e-4abc-b9d0-cf274e140b90
Charcot&;s triad Except
Pain
Fever
Jaundice
Anaemia
3d
multi
Seen in ascending cholangitis, stone in the CBD due to impaction causes obstruction and stasis. obstruction causes jaundice and pain, stasis leads to infection, bacteremia and fever Reference SRB edition: 5 page:651
Surgery
G.I.T
b5636fdb-bd2e-4276-977c-b841fffb0f10
Ispilateral optic atrophy with contralateral papilloedema is a feature of -
Fischer syndrome
Foster kennedy syndrome
Vogt- kayanagi- Harada syndrome
WAGR syndrome
1b
single
Foster - Kennedy syndrome: - The frontal lobe, pituitary and middle ear tumor such as meningiomata of the oflactor groove are sometimes associated with Ipsilateral pressure atrophy of the optic nerve and contralateral papilloedema.
Ophthalmology
null
8dd3edd8-5b62-4c6a-b2bb-74e119f84a8a
Which one of the following is not a feature of type I renal tubular acidosis?
Lower tubule re-absorption of calcium
Defective bicarbonate absorption in distal tubule
Low serum potassium level
Increased anion gap
3d
single
Mutations in CA2 and TCIRG1 result in osteopetrosis (in which bones are hard but brittle) and renal tubular acidosis. Ref: Robbins basic pathology 9th edition pg no: 801 Nephrocalcinosis is a diffuse deposition of calcium salts in renal tissue in a number of renal diseases, in hypercalcemia, hyperphosphataemia and rena...
Pathology
Urinary tract
7aab74ee-736a-4a7e-9402-645e20fd2861
True statement describing innervation of bladder is
Somatic component of peripheral nervous system innervates smooth muscle.
Autonomic fibers supplying pelvic viscera course in inferior and superior hypogastric plexus.
Autonomic component of peripheral nervous system supplies striated muscle.
β - adrenergic receptors predominate in bladder base.
1b
multi
Sympathetic fibers are carried through superior hypogastric nerve plexus & Inferior hypogastric plexus provides parasympathetic component.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
a7ef91d0-9874-40ab-a47e-997f6fe0a968
Most common complication of chronic pancreatitis?
Ascitis
Pseudocyst
Splenic vein thrombosis
Pancreatic enteric fistula
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pseudocyst o Pseudocysts occur in up to 10% of patients w-ith acute and in 20 to 38% of chronic pancreatitis cases. Thus they comprise the most common complication of chronic pancreatitis.
Surgery
Pathophysiology - Chronic Pancreatitis
f209855d-95d2-49fe-9677-1aad4d5bad0c
Mechanism of action of apixaban is:-
Inhibition of factor Xa
Inhibition of thrombin
Stimulation of antithrombin
Vitamin K antagonism
0a
single
Apixaban is factor XA blocker. Other XA blockers are:(-xaban) * Rivaroxaban * Edoxaban * Batrixaban Indirect thrombin inhibitor like heparin act by stimulating anti-thrombin 3. Vitamin K antagonists are warfarin, acenocoumarin, bis-hydroxycoumarin.
Pharmacology
Hematology
234a096f-048f-4565-b73c-17df6510ddbf
Not a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor:
Flouxetine
Fluvoxamine
Buspirone
Citalopram
2c
single
Buspirone
Psychiatry
null
ed07602b-4be6-48dc-9b05-c94026d14474
Tidal volume in adult is:
125 ml
500 ml
1500 ml
2200 ml
1b
single
The amount of air breathed in and out of lungs in a single quiet respiration is called Tidal volume. The normal value is 500 ml.
Physiology
null
30cd6d17-2b3f-4c49-aaf6-3b50dddfd272
What is the diagnosis for this patient with end-stage renal disease who developed skin changes after an imaging procedure?
Actinic elastosis
Calciphylaxis
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
Porphyria cutanea tarda
2c
single
Answer C. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosisThere is thickening of the skin of the arm, most prominent over the flexures of the wrists and elbows and the area between the thenar and hypothenar prominences. These are typical features of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy which is characterized by diffuse, cutaneous, hyperpigme...
Medicine
Disorder of Metabolism & Connective Tissue
8dd1d6b0-5e41-4ead-a52e-455e6ee39f4e
Hallucinations, true is ?
Perceived in the inner subjective space
There is misinterpretation of external stimulus
There is no external stimulus
Can be controlled by voluntary effo
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., There is no external stimulus Characteristics of Hallucinations :? Absence of corresponding external perceptual stimuli. Vividness, force and reality value of a normal perception. The experience occurs spontaneously It cannot be produced or terminated at will by subject (not in conscious or voluntary ...
Psychiatry
null
83326594-b153-43bc-809a-202ce3d6fa04
In myasthenia gravis antibody are formed against\
ACh receptor
Ca channel
K channel
H2 receptor
0a
single
(A) ACh receptor > The major problem in myasthenia gravis is a marked reduction of acetylcholine receptors on the motor endplate where cranial nerves form a neuromuscular junction with muscles.> In these patients, autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptors effectively reduce receptor numbers.> Normally, acetylc...
Medicine
Miscellaneous
bcbdfa4c-0f0d-4fa3-a975-be9da5fc4aad
Order of development of secondary sexual characteristic in male –
Testicular development–pubic hair–axillary hair–beard
Pubic hair–testicular development–axillary hair – beard
Testicular development –beard–pubic hair–axillary hair
Axillary hair–beard –pubic hair–testicular development
0a
single
In boys, the first visible sign of puberty and the hallmark of SMR 2 is testicular enlargement. The sequence of development of secondary sexual characteristic in boys is - Testicular enlargement —> Penis enlargement > Pubic hair growth --> Peak growth velocity —> Axillary hair —> facial hair.
Pediatrics
null
65e9ff0c-8aed-4974-9ec2-326df15da5a6
Stimulation of horizontal semicircular canal causes nystagmus in which direction?
Veical
Horizontal
Rotatory
Any of the above
1b
multi
The cupulae of the semicircular canals are stimulated by the movement of endolymphatic fluid and each canal causes the nystagmus in its own plane:-Stimulation of horizontal SCC - Horizontal nystagmusStimulation of superior SCC - rotary nystagmusStimulation of veical SCC - Veical nystagmusRef: PL Dhingra, Diseases of Ea...
ENT
Ear
6ed89973-8670-4bb7-8395-ee5c56f0df1d
Chalazion is obstruction of -
Meibomian gland
Zeis's gland
Lacrimal gland
None
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Meibomian gland Chalaziono Chalazion is chronic non-infective (non-suppurative) lipogranulomatous inflammation of sebaceous glands called meibomian glands.o It results from obstruction of a meibomian gland duct.3 Extravasated lipid material produces a surrounding chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation...
Ophthalmology
Cysts and Tumors
521f5e46-7128-4f7e-8191-1bce6a32e36f
Lentigo maligna is most commonly seen in ?
Face
Trunk
Sole
Leg
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Face Lentigo maligna melanoma is usually confined to chronically sun-damaged, sun-exposed sites i.e. face, neck, back of the hands, in older individuals.
Surgery
null
7f64b6b8-ac32-4eaa-a1e7-1ce8cc499328
Type I hypersensitivity, the mediator is -(
IgE
IgD
IgM
IgC
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., IgE
Microbiology
null
7c8b8a06-b433-4420-aa76-df9feb124872
In apoptosis which is/are involved -
Apaf-1
Bc12
Caspases
All
3d
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Apaf-1; 'b' i.e., BCl2; 'c' i.e., Caspases
Pathology
null
659613a7-0c08-4988-85d9-55ccd1207bd2
All are true about optic nerve except -a) Arises from axons of bipolar neuronsb) 4 cm longc) Covered by 3 layers continuous with meningesd) Crossed by ophthalmic artery
ac
ab
ad
bc
1b
multi
The neurosensory layer of retina contains three mains neurosensory cells: - Photoreceptors, i.e. rods & cones; bipolor cells (in inner nuclear layer); and ganglionic cells (in ganglionic cell layer). Axons of ganglionic cells (multipolar cells) form the optic nerve. Length of optic nerve is 47-50 mm. Like other parts o...
Ophthalmology
null
0ff57921-71e4-4af2-af59-7ed50b0e6af6
CT number of water and bones respectively
100,0
0,-1000
0, +1000
+1000,-100
2c
single
Answer: c) 0, + 1000CT- scan or CAT scanInvented by God Frey Hounsfield in 1963, awarded Nobel Prize.Basic principle of CT is linear attenuation of x-rays.Incident x-rays are linearly attenuated by their interaction with orbital electrons of tissues.Measurement of attenuation of emerging / detected beam - gives density...
Radiology
Fundamentals In Radiology
b8bbbd76-f7be-4655-a714-06392a42c9a9
All of the following muscles forms the boundary of the suboccipital triangle found in the suboccipital region of the neck, EXCEPT:
Obliquus capitis superior muscle
Obliquus capitis inferior muscle
Rectus capitis posterior major muscle
Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle
3d
multi
The suboccipital triangle is bounded by rectus capitis posterior major and the obliquus capitis superior and inferior muscles. The floor of this triangle is formed by the posterior occipitoatlantal membrane and the posterior arch of the C1 veebrae.Contents of the triangle are:Veebral aerySuboccipital nerveGreater occip...
Anatomy
null
cc5f0b94-218e-4224-8daa-040eecac1c4d
The difference between iron sorbitol-citric acid and iron dextran is that the former:-
Cannot be injected i.v.
Is not bound to transferrin in plasma
Is not excreted in urine
Produces fewer side effects
0a
single
Iron sorbitol citrate should not be used i.v. because it may rapidly saturate the transferrin receptors and which can result in Iron toxicity due to more free Iron. IRON - DEXTRAN IRON-SORBITOL-CITRATE can be given i/v or i/m only i/m not excreated in urine about 30% excreated in urine absorbed through lymphatics absor...
Pharmacology
Hematology
afacdef3-9204-4533-99c2-4324d296c120
The active transport of 'Ca' is regulated by _______ which is synthesized in kidneys:
Cholecalciferol
Ergosterol
25-OH cholecalciferol
1, 25-di OH-Cholecalciferol
3d
single
Ans. D. 1, 25-di OH-Cholecalciferol1,25-DHCC is Vitamin D. It is synthesized in the body. The reactions takes place in the liver and kidney. Vitamin D is also known as a prohormone. It helps in the transport of calcium against the electrochemical gradient to promote mineralization of bones.
Biochemistry
Endocrinology
fc6ef4cc-c679-4bad-b470-548c0205c0b5
Wucheria bancrofti, true is -
Unsheathed
Tail tip free from nuclei
Non-periodic
All
1b
multi
The somatic cells or nuclei appear as granules in the cental axis of the embryo and extend from the head to the tail end The granules do not extend into the tail end which is a distinguishing feature of Microfilaria bancrofti (refer pgno:165 baveja 3 rd edition)
Microbiology
parasitology
6aab5795-5fb1-41c3-963a-c4ced86c7f22
Bimodality of incidence occurs in all, except
Cancer penis in males
Hodgkin's disease
Breast cancer in females
Leukemia
0a
multi
Ref Robbins Diseases showing bimodality of age presentation (mnemonic:ABCDEGH) A Aoic stenosis/acute leukemia -ALL,>AML Breast cancer Crohn's disease Dermatomyositis Enthesioneuroblastoma Thyoglossal cyst Hodkin's lymphoma Vulvar carcinoma but not penial cancer
Anatomy
General anatomy
6d3fd931-988e-4247-b19c-b14c0ec27532
Positive Romberg test with eyes closed detects defect in:
Proprioceptive pathway
Cerebellum
Spinothalmic tract
Peripheral nerve
0a
single
Romberg Test: The patient is asked to stand with the feet closely approximated, first with his/her eyes open, and then closed. The test is 'positive' when the patient is able to stand with his/her feet together while his/her eyes are open, but sways or falls when they are closed. Any lesion along the proprioceptive pat...
ENT
null
b314d29d-fadb-4a28-9c4f-ac33b7f4aa47
Which of the following is an aery of the forearm:
Brachial aery
Axillary aery
Ulnar aery
Femoral aery
2c
single
The ulnar aery is the larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial aery.It begins in the cubital fossa at the level of the neck of the radius.descends through the anterior compament of the forearm and enters the palm in front of the flexor retinaculum in company with the ulnar nerve.It ends by forming the superf...
Anatomy
null
a2a1d07b-2fe1-4311-87d6-5a29084ecaac
Ivabradine is indicated for:
Angina
PSVT
Cardiomyopathy
Irritable bowel syndrome
0a
single
Ans. A. AnginaIvabradine is bradycardic agent, it selectively blocks the sodium channel and reduce the heart rate by inhibiting the hyperpolarized activated sodium channel, it reduces angina attacks similar to beta blocker and CCB.
Pharmacology
C.V.S
0ea19e9b-7157-4e85-81c4-5ca9694dfefe
A 64 year old lady Kamla complains of severe unilateral headache on the right side and blindness for 2 days. On examination, there is a thick cord like structure on the lateral side of the head. The ESR is 80 mm/hr in the first hour. The most likely diagnosis is:
Temporal aeritis
Migraine
Cluster headache
Sinusitis
0a
single
*Temporal (giant cell) aeritis is an inflammatory disorder involves the extracranial carotid circulation.*Elderly above 50,average age of onset is 70 years,*Women account for 65% of cases.*If untreated temporal aeritis develop blindness due to the involvement of the ophthalmic aery and its branches.*Typical presenting ...
Medicine
All India exam
f08ca8da-5ed6-479c-a1d2-ca25c4c78375
Cobb's angle is used to measure the degree:
Kyphoscoliosis
Angular deformity of the knee
Extent of depression in calcaneal fracture
Extent of spondylolisthesis
0a
single
The angle between intersecting lines drawn perpendicular to the top of the top veebrae and the bottom of the bottom veebrae is the Cobb angle Cobb's angle of 10 degree is minimum angulation to define the scoliosis.
Orthopaedics
Fracture Management
61b7a908-a477-4e4a-9ec4-1842a689a6cd
The commonest cardiac lesion in Tuberous sclerosis is
ASD
VSD
Mitral stenosis
Rhabdomyoma
3d
single
MAJOR FEATURES OF TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS COMPLEX:Coical tubersSubependymal noduleSubependymal giant cell astrocytomaFacial angiofibroma Periungual fibromaHypomelanotic macules (>3) Shagreen patchMultiple retinal hamaomasCardiac rhabdomyomaRenal angiomyolipomaPulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosisApproximately 50% of children w...
Pediatrics
All India exam
25629f7a-bc94-43c7-8336-c7c20e636288
Pure red cell aplasia is associated with all except?
ABO incompatibility after renal transplant
5q- syndrome
Drugs
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
1b
multi
Ans. (b) 5q- syndrome(Ref: 9th/pg 653-655)Pure red cell aplasia is not associated with 5q- syndrome Pure red cell aplasia is a primary marrow disorder in which only erythroid progenitors are suppressed.
Pathology
Misc. (R.B.C)
8c6045ee-2835-4a9b-8edd-d1ce1c084e87
Which of the following is the ovarian counterpa of testicular seminoma -
Brener's tumor
Endodermal sinus tumor
Dermoid
Dysgerminoma
3d
single
Ans. is `d' i.e., DysgerminomaOvarian counterpa of testicular seminoma is dysgerminoma.
Pathology
null
7790bb78-3fd0-4846-be2e-a49b8495d420
Leukotrienes inhibitors are very effective in which one of the following conditions-
Exercise induced asthma
Antigen induced asthma
Aspirin induced asthma
Occupational asthma
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Aspirin induced asthma o Leukotrienes antagonists are effective in aspirin induced asthma.
Pharmacology
null
78936ade-4151-4d6b-b32a-e5fae60e5690
In the management of diabetes mellitus, lactic acidosis is caused by which of the following?
Tolbutamide
Glipizide
Pioglitazone
Metformin
3d
single
Metformin:- S/E: Lactic acidosis Megaloblastic anemia To prevent lactic acidosis, Metformin is to be avoided in high risk patients: Old patients Pt. with renal failure Pt. with liver diseases CHF Tolbutamide (1st gen. Sulfonylureas) - s/e - Hypoglycemia, weight gain. Glipizide (2nd gen. Sulfonylureas) - s/e - Hypoglyce...
Pharmacology
FMGE 2018
d5c00189-1451-4d8a-92de-5a98d9f5398d
All of the following are associated with Gastric Ulcer's Except:
H. Pylori infection
High Acid output
Smoking
Bile Reflux
1b
multi
Answer is B (High Acid Output) Gastric ulcers are associated with normal or decreased gastric acid output. High Acid output is a feature of Duodenal Ulcers. `Gastric acid output (basal and stimulated) tend to be normal or decreased in Gastric Ulcer Patient's'- Harrison Aetiological factors in peptic ulceration: Causal ...
Medicine
null
b8372f94-2b53-412f-a178-70e7c7c12700
Hypophophatemia is seen in:
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
CRF
Rickets
Respiratory acidosis
2c
single
Answer is C (Ricket's) Hypophosphatemia may be seen in X-linked Hypophoaphatemic Rickets and in Hyperparathyroidism. Causes of Hypophosphatemia: I. Reduced renal tubular phosphate reabsorption A. PTH/PTFIrP - dependant I. Primary hyperparathyroidism Secondary hyperparathyroidism Vitamin D deficiency/resistance Calcium ...
Medicine
null
19daae83-9160-421b-8300-8602aebfd419
Commonest position of appendix:
Pelvic
Retrocaecal
Subcaecal
Promontoric
1b
single
The vermiform appendix is located in the right lower quadrant of abdomen.It is a narrow, worm shaped tube, arising from the posteromedial caecal wall, 2 cms or less below the end of the ileum. Its opening is occasionally guarded by a semicircular fold of mucous membrane known as the valve of Gerlach. The appendix is us...
Anatomy
null
0e6c20c7-6621-4cf4-aedd-3f645bfdc5b1
Disulfiram like reaction is seen with:
Metronidazole
Benzodiazepine
Fluoxetine
Acamprosate
0a
single
Ans: a (Metronidazole)Ref: Goodman and Gilman's Manual of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsDisulfiram inhibits the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase probably after conversion into active metabolites.When alcohol is ingested after taking disulfiram, the concentration of acetaldehyde in tissues and blood rises and number of dist...
Psychiatry
Substance Abuse
54ed2934-8be8-4c24-a3db-d5f80a7a2b25
Focal diffuse gall bladder wall thickening with comet tail reverberation aifacts on USG is in ?
Adenomyomatosis of gall bladder
Ca gall bladder
Adenomatous polyps
Xantho granuloma
0a
multi
Ans is `a' i.e., Adenomyomatosis of gall bladderCholecystoses o Cholecystoses are a group of noninflammatory conditions of gallbladder wall. cholecystoses can be divided into hyperplastic and thesaurismotic (accumulating forms). The hyperplastic forms are characterized by normal growth of the wall components, while the...
Pathology
null
a2968dfa-0df0-4646-9bdb-10e649835c3d
Rice is deficient in which amino acid ?
Serine
Threonine
Methonine
Cystone
1b
single
Ans. is 'B' i.e., Threonine Cereals (wheat & rice) are deficient in lysine threonine. But in comparison to other cereals protein (e.g wheat) rice protein contains more lysine (though in lesser amounts) - thus rice proteins is considered to be better quality among cereals.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
312007d7-b462-4e64-bd92-5468887c6171
Proteus antigen cross react with which of the following organism?
Klebsiella
Chlamydiae
Rickettsiae
E.coli
2c
single
Proteus antigen cross react with Rickettsiae. Proteus antigens (OX19, OX2 & OXK strains) cross reacts with group specific lipopolysaccharide rickettsial antigens. This is the basis of Weil Felix (heterophile agglutination) test. It is used for diagnosis of rickettsial infections. The test detects anti-rickettsial antib...
Microbiology
Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli)
44ae8dc4-a0d5-4740-8db3-acf1d4a8dfc0
A 20 year old patient presented with early pregnancy for Medical termination of Pregnancy (MTP) in day care facility. What will be the anaesthetic induction agent of choice ?
Thiopentone
Ketamine
Propofol
Diazepam
2c
single
Propofol is considered the anaesthesia of choice for day care surgery (out patient surgery) as induction is smooth & pleasant and recovery is rapid.
Anaesthesia
null
b2f82a47-50c4-4e55-9dbb-7aa66d34eeb8
Level 1 axillary lymph node are present:
Lateral to pectoralis minor
Medial to pectoralis minor
Lateral to pectoralis major
Medial to pectoralis major
0a
single
Levels of Axillary lymph nodes are important to study and understand the metastasis of breast cancer.
Surgery
null
df05e6a5-ff13-42a3-aef6-6443b39419ae
What does the following demonstrate in a full term neonate?
Normal tone
Hypotonia
Hypertonia
Head control
0a
single
a. Normal toneTo test tone of a newborn, vertical suspension is done, holding axillae without gripping thorax. Here, this baby is remaining suspended with less in flexion, signifying normal tone
Pediatrics
Central Nervous System
a32258a5-8b2a-4d01-a3cb-f1d7335ad682
Maize is pellagragenic due to excess content of
Lysine
Threonine
Leucine
Tryptophan
2c
single
Amino acid imbalance caused by an excess of leucine is the cause of pellagra in maize (also jowar), eaters.Excess of leucine appears to interfere in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin.Park 23e pg: 619
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of health and disease