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pair_30896127 | Amphetamines are chemical synthetic drugs that are becoming increasingly popular in China. As a common sample in the inspection of poisons, hair has the advantages of easy storage, good stability, and long detection time compared with traditional human body fluid samples （blood, urine）, thus possesses an unique applica... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 人毛发中苯丙胺类毒品检测方法的研究进展. 苯丙胺类毒品是由人工合成的化学类合成毒品，在我国泛滥的程度越来越高。毛发作为在毒物检验中的一种常见检材，与传统的人体体液检材（血液、尿液）相比，毛发检材具有易保存、稳定、检测时限长等优点，在法庭毒物分析领域具有独特的应用价值。目前，人毛发中检测苯丙胺类毒品的方法已被广泛应用，其分析结果的有效性也被法庭采纳和认可。本文综述了国内外对毛发检材中苯丙胺类毒品的检测研究进展，包括毛发的前处理方法和检测分析方法的发展情况。. 法医毒理学；苯丙胺类；物质滥用检测；毛发；综述. | zh-cn |
pair_34212427 | Papillomavirus infections in dogs have a variety of manifestations and involve multiple viral genera. Canine pedal papillomas have been infrequently studied and reported in the literature. To report the signalment, history, treatment and outcome of biopsy-confirmed cases of canine pedal papillomatosis, collected from v... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 背景: 犬乳头瘤病毒感染有多种表现, 涉及多个病毒属。犬爪垫乳头状瘤的研究较少, 文献报道较少。 目的: 报告从美国和加拿大兽医采集的、经活检证实的、犬爪垫乳头状瘤病病例的病征、病史、治疗和效果 动物: 由北美兽医提交44只犬的病历。 方法: 通过兽医信息网络, 提交调查活检确诊的犬爪垫乳头状瘤病病例。提交内容包括病征、病史、活检报告、治疗和效果信息。 结果: 调查了44个病例。就诊中位年龄为4岁。犬最常表现为跛行和/或舔爪/啃咬。35例仅1只爪垫发病, 前爪发病多于后爪。28只犬出现1个肿块。组织病理学评价记录了33例非内翻性乳头状瘤和11例内翻性乳头状瘤。34例乳头状瘤全部消退; 25例在活检采集后3周内消退。21只犬未接受额外... | zh-cn |
pair_34212427 | Papillomavirus infections in dogs have a variety of manifestations and involve multiple viral genera. Canine pedal papillomas have been infrequently studied and reported in the literature. To report the signalment, history, treatment and outcome of biopsy-confirmed cases of canine pedal papillomatosis, collected from v... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Les papillomaviroses du chien ont de multiples manifestations et impliquent de multiples genres viraux. Les papillomes podaux canins ont été rarement étudiés et décrits dans la littérature. Décrire le signalement, les commémoratifs et l’évolution de cas confirmés par biopsie de papillomatose podale canine, collectés pa... | fr |
pair_34212427 | Papillomavirus infections in dogs have a variety of manifestations and involve multiple viral genera. Canine pedal papillomas have been infrequently studied and reported in the literature. To report the signalment, history, treatment and outcome of biopsy-confirmed cases of canine pedal papillomatosis, collected from v... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Papillomavirus Infektionen bei Hunden manifestieren sich in unterschiedlichster Form und umfassen multiple Virenstämme. Papillomata an den Füssen von Hunden sind bisher noch selten untersucht und in der Literatur beschrieben worden. ZIEL: Ein Bericht über Signalement, Anamnese, Behandlung und Endergebnis von Papillomat... | de |
pair_34212427 | Papillomavirus infections in dogs have a variety of manifestations and involve multiple viral genera. Canine pedal papillomas have been infrequently studied and reported in the literature. To report the signalment, history, treatment and outcome of biopsy-confirmed cases of canine pedal papillomatosis, collected from v... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Infecções por papilomavírus em cães possuem uma variedade de manifestações e envolvem múltiplos gêneros de vírus. Os papilomas podais caninos têm sido pouco estudados e relatados na literatura. Relatar os sinais clínicos, histórico, tratamento e evolução de casos de papilomatose podal canina confirmados por biópsia, at... | pt |
pair_34212427 | Papillomavirus infections in dogs have a variety of manifestations and involve multiple viral genera. Canine pedal papillomas have been infrequently studied and reported in the literature. To report the signalment, history, treatment and outcome of biopsy-confirmed cases of canine pedal papillomatosis, collected from v... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | las infecciones por virus del papiloma en perros tienen una variedad de manifestaciones e involucran múltiples géneros virales. Los papilomas podales canino se han estudiado y se han descrito con poca frecuencia en la literatura. OBJETIVO: describir la presentación, historia clínica, tratamiento y resultado de casos co... | es |
pair_34212594 | Co-driven by environmental change and human activity, global ecosystem has been experiencing rapid changes, with cascading effects on resources and environment. The changes of ecosystem status and its spatiotemporal evolution drivers, and the related resource and environmental effects have been recognized as the long s... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 环境变化和人类活动的双重驱动正在快速地改变地球生态系统状态,呈现出了众多级联的资源环境问题,生态系统的状态变化和时空演变驱动因素以及相应的资源环境效应是大尺度陆地生态系统科学研究的永恒主题。观测和评估生态系统状态变化,发现和理解生态系统响应机制,认知和描述生态系统演变规律,预测和预警生态系统演变趋势,都依赖于大陆及全球尺度的分布式协同观测研究网络。本研究以服务大陆尺度生态系统科学研究、支撑区域生态环境治理为目标,围绕生态系统状态变化及资源环境效应科学问题,综合分析了现有生态环境观测研究网络现状,明确提出了生态系统观测研究站及其网络的发展方向,进而提出了发展“多要素-多界面-多介质-多过程-多尺度-多方法”的联网协同观测体系,构建“高... | zh-cn |
pair_34212598 | In the areas with seasonal drought, water is the key factor affecting plant growth and development. Based on long-term continuous observation data, it is of great significance to explore plant water use patterns for vegetation construction in areas with seasonal drought. Taking <i>Platycladus orientalis</i> in Beijing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 在季节性干旱地区,水分是影响植物生长发育的关键核心因子。基于长期连续观测数据探究植物水分利用模式,对于季节性干旱地区植被建设具有重要意义。本研究以北京山区侧柏人工林为对象,利用稳定氢氧同位素技术测定了2012—2017年间土壤、植物枝条和降水同位素组成,通过MixSIAR模型定量分析侧柏对不同土层土壤水分的贡献率。结果表明: 深层(40～100 cm)土壤水较浅层(0～40 cm)土壤水稳定,受蒸发和降水的影响,浅层土壤含水量和水同位素值变化幅度较深层明显;侧柏主要吸收利用稳定的深层土壤水,贡献率为55.7%。在旱季,随着土壤水分含量的降低,植物对土壤水分的吸收深度逐渐向浅层转移;在水量充沛、自然适宜、轻度干旱、中度干旱条件下,深层... | zh-cn |
pair_34212601 | To fully understand the changes in the evapotranspiration components in forest ecosystem and their contribution to evapotranspiration at daily scale, we used the hypothesis theory of isotopic steady state and non-steady state combined with the water isotope analyzer system to quantitatively split and compare the evapot... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 为了全面认识森林生态系统蒸散各组分及其对蒸散的贡献率在日尺度上的变化规律,本研究利用同位素稳态和非稳态假设理论结合水同位素分析仪系统,对生长季侧柏林生态系统蒸散各组分进行了定量拆分和比较。结果表明: 4个测定日(2016年8月5、8、10、11日)不同来源水体的<sup>18</sup>O都呈现表层土壤水氧同位素组成(δ<sub>S</sub>)＞枝条水氧同位素组成(δ<sub>X</sub>)＞大气水汽氧同位素组成(δ<sub>V</sub>),说明三者可能因同位素分馏效应表现出明显的差异。土壤蒸发水汽氧同位素组成(δ<sub>E</sub>)在日尺度上为-26.89‰～-59.68‰,整体上呈现出先上升后下降的变化趋势;森林生态... | zh-cn |
pair_34212602 | We examined the characteristics of water use in typical tree species of arbor and shrub in Hunshandake Sandy Land, <i>Populus cathayana</i> and <i>Salix gordejevii</i>, in the different seasons, with the aim to provide theoretical basis for the structural optimization of the artificial shelterbelt. Samples of precipita... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 探讨浑善达克沙地典型乔木青杨和灌木黄柳不同季节的水分利用特征,可为沙地人工防护林生态系统的结构优化提供理论依据。采集研究区大气降水、土壤水、地下水和典型人工固沙植被的茎干水,利用氢氧稳定同位素技术,揭示不同水源δD-δ<sup>18</sup>O值的分布特征,运用多源线性混合模型计算出各潜在水源对2种植被水的贡献率。结果表明: 研究区大气降水方程线为δ<i>D</i>=7.84δ<sup>18</sup><i>O</i>+9.12,旱季土壤水分线和雨季土壤水分线分别为δ<i>D</i>=3.56δ<sup>18</sup><i>O</i>-41.28和δ<i>D</i>=4.30δ18<i>O</i>-42.02,旱季、雨季土壤水和... | zh-cn |
pair_34212608 | To analyze the feeding habits and trophic level of jellyfish (<i>Rhopilema esculentum</i>), Chinese shrimp (<i>Fenneropenaeus chinesis</i>), grass shrimp (<i>Penaeus monodon</i>), and clam (<i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i>), and the food web structure in marine aquaculture pond, we measured the δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 为了研究海蜇-对虾(中国明对虾、斑节对虾)-菲律宾蛤仔海水综合养殖池塘养殖生物的食性、营养级和池塘食物网结构,在2017年5—9月的养殖周期内,采集并检测池塘内各种饵料和4种养殖生物的碳、氮稳定同位素比值(δ<sup>13</sup>C、δ<sup>15</sup>N),并运用IsoSource线性混合模型分析了海蜇、中国明对虾、斑节对虾和菲律宾蛤仔的食物来源。结果表明: 海蜇的主要食物来源为浮游动物;中国明对虾和斑节对虾的主要食物来源为投喂的鯷鱼;菲律宾蛤仔的主要食物来源为浮游植物、底栖硅藻和对虾粪便。综合养殖池塘中菲律宾蛤仔的营养级范围为2.64～2.95,平均值为2.84;海蜇的营养级范围为2.78～3.27,平均值为3.06... | zh-cn |
pair_34212610 | We investigated the effects of warming on soil nitrogen cycling process in alpine scrub ecosystem, with an <i>in-situ</i> simulated warming experiment at <i>Sibiraea angustata</i> alpine scrubland on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. We examined the responses of soil nitrogen transformation rate to warming in t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本文研究了青藏高原东部窄叶鲜卑花高寒灌丛生长季前期、生长季后期和非生长季3个生育期的土壤氮转化速率对模拟增温的响应,分析全球气候变暖对高寒灌丛土壤氮循环过程的影响。结果表明: 模拟增温使高寒灌丛土壤温度显著升高1.2 ℃,土壤水分显著降低2.5%。高寒灌丛生长季土壤净氮矿化(氨化和硝化)速率显著高于非生长季,但土壤净氮固持速率显著低于非生长季。土壤氮矿化在生长季前期以硝化作用为主,在生长季后期和非生长季以氨化作用为主。模拟增温对高寒灌丛土壤氮转化过程的影响在不同时期存在显著差异。模拟增温显著增加了生长季前期土壤净氨化、净硝化、净氮矿化、净氮固持速率和非生长季土壤净硝化、净氮矿化速率,并显著降低了生长季后期土壤净硝化、净氮矿化、净氮固... | zh-cn |
pair_34212611 | We explored the effects of disturbance densities on the spatial pattern and the association of tree species in the coniferous broadleaved mixed forest in Pangquangou Nature Reserve of Guandi Mountain. Using three factors including canopy density, stand density and number of stumps, we classified the disturbance intensi... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 为了探究不同干扰程度下针阔混交林树种空间格局变化及树种种间关联性,本研究以关帝山庞泉沟自然保护区不同干扰强度的针阔混交林为对象,选取郁闭度、林分密度、伐桩数量作为划分干扰程度的因子,采用相对影响法,将林分划分为未干扰、中度干扰和严重干扰3个等级。利用空间点格局K2函数分析了林分的空间分布格局及其不同树种的种间关联。结果表明: 未干扰样地直径分布呈倒“J”型,中度和严重干扰样地直径分布均为双峰曲线分布。同时,未干扰和中度干扰林分在小尺度上呈现聚集分布,严重干扰的林分随机分布更为显著。针阔树种种间关系表现为未干扰林分在所有尺度上无关联;小尺度上中度干扰表现为正相关,严重干扰林分表现为负相关;较大尺度上中度与严重干扰林分均表现为不相关。说... | zh-cn |
pair_34212613 | We investigated leaf tissue structure, leaf epidermis characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of <i>Polygonum viviparum</i> at different altitudes (2300, 3200 and 3900 m) on the Qilian Mountain, using paraffin section, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. The results showed ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 采用石蜡制片、扫描电镜和透射电镜方法,研究了祁连山植被垂直分布带海拔2300、3200和3900 m 珠芽蓼叶片组织结构、叶表皮特征和叶绿体超微结构对海拔升高的适应性变化。结果表明: 珠芽蓼为异面叶,随海拔升高,叶片表皮毛数目减少而直径增大变粗,表皮蜡质层结构更加致密。叶片厚度在海拔3200 m最大,分别比海拔2300和3900 m增加了39.6%和50.5%。从海拔2300到3200 m,栅栏组织细胞层数由2层增加为3层且细胞排列紧密,海绵组织细胞间隙逐渐增大;在海拔3900 m处,栅栏组织细胞层数减少至2层且细胞间隙增加,海绵组织细胞间隙减小,表皮细胞厚度增加,但细胞层数在3个海拔间无显著差异。随海拔升高,叶下表皮附属物和气孔下... | zh-cn |
pair_34212614 | The sandy-hilly region of northwest Shanxi is a typical fragile agro-pastoral ecotone in north China. With the artificial <i>Caragana korshinskii</i> at 0 (the uncultivated land), 6, 12, 18, 40 and 50 years-old in the typical sandy-hilly region of northwest Shanxi as the subjects, we investigated soil moisture, abovegr... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 晋西北丘陵风沙区生态环境脆弱,是我国风沙活动危害最为严重的地区之一。本文以晋西北典型丘陵风沙区0(撂荒地)、6、12、18、40和50年生人工柠条为研究对象,分析了不同林龄柠条的土壤含水量、地上和地下生物量、个体形态特征、生长繁殖及光合生理特征,研究0～50年长时间序列人工柠条的生长和繁殖动态特征。结果表明: 人工柠条林土壤水分变化与柠条林龄密切相关。6年生柠条的土壤水分较低,6～18年生柠条由于冠幅增加,降低了近地表的风速和太阳辐射,减少了土壤水分的蒸发,土壤水分呈上升趋势,18～50年生柠条的生物量快速积累,植物蒸腾量和根系对水分的吸收量大幅度增加,土壤水分不断降低,到50 年则下降至最低水平(11.1%);6～18年生人工柠条... | zh-cn |
pair_34212616 | We collected remote sensing images of lower reaches of the Shiyang River Basin in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2018. We analyzed the dynamics of desertification in Minqin County by constructing desertification difference index, using RS and GIS theories and methods. We established the Albedo-NDVI feature space bas... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 以石羊河流域下游甘肃省民勤县为研究区,选取1995、2000、2005、2010、2015、2018年6期遥感影像作为数据源,利用RS和GIS理论和方法,基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)和地表反照率(Albedo)建立Albedo-NDVI特征空间,构建荒漠化差值指数,对民勤县荒漠化动态变化进行分析。结果表明: 石羊河流域下游地区荒漠化面积占民勤县总面积的90%以上,绿洲零星分布在大面积荒漠化土地中,以中度荒漠化为主,占全县总面积的70%以上;1995—2018年间,民勤县荒漠化面积整体呈减少趋势,年均减少面积为22.06 km<sup>2</sup>,年均减少0.1%。研究期间,该县各类荒漠化面积减少与扩张并存,重度、中度、轻度、微... | zh-cn |
pair_34212618 | Evapotranspiration (ET) is a fundamental flux in land surface hydrothermal process. Because of the differences in basic concepts, assumptions, application scales, different models have induced varying uncertainties to the estimation and simulation of evapotranspiration. With the Three-River-Source National Park as an e... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 蒸散发(ET)是陆表水热过程的一个基础通量,不同模型基于的概念、假设、应用尺度等诸多差异给ET的准确模拟带来了多种不确定性。本研究以三江源国家公园为例,应用贝叶斯模型平均(BMA)方法,通过通量塔观测值对模型进行训练,并综合PT-JPL、ARTS-GIMMS3g、ARTS-MODIS、MOD16和SSEBo 5个模型结果,以提高ET的估测精度。结果表明: 5个模型结果可以捕捉海北高寒草地通量塔观测ET的季节变化,可解释观测ET季节变异的64%～86%,均方根误差(RMSD)的范围为0.47～0.76 mm·(8 d)<sup>-1</sup>;基于BMA得到的ET的解释能力提高至89%,RMSD降低至0.43 mm·(8 d)<su... | zh-cn |
pair_34212619 | The long-term series of geographic data and remote sensing data contain noise and perio-dic fluctuation. We used the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) to decompose the data of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), precipitation, and temperature from 1982... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 地理数据和遥感数据的长期序列中包含噪声和周期性波动信息。本研究基于ICEEMDAN方法对黄土高原1982—2015年归一化植被指数(NDVI)、降雨和温度进行逐像元分解,分解后得到的残差项减少了原始数据中的噪声和周期性波动,并利用残差项研究NDVI的变化趋势以及NDVI与气候因子之间的关系。结果表明: 1982—2015年,黄土高原NDVI以上升为主,残差项NDVI变化趋势的显著性(95.9%)大于原始NDVI变化趋势的显著性(72.3%),并且存在一定的空间差异性。温度和降雨的变化可以在很大程度上解释植被覆盖的变化。其中,温度与黄土高原NDVI之间呈极显著正相关的区域占83.7%,极显著负相关区域占13.9%;降雨与黄土高原NDV... | zh-cn |
pair_34212620 | We investigated the plant species richness both in cespitose <i>Carex</i> mires (<i>C. schmidtii</i>, <i>C. meyeriana</i>) and non-cespitose <i>Carex</i> mire (<i>C. lasiocarpa</i>) in Changbai Mountain. A total of 83 species (36 families, 59 genuses) was recorded in three sites. Among which, 71 species occurred in the... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本研究以长白山区典型苔草沼泽为对象,分析了密丛型苔草(瘤囊苔草、乌拉草)沼泽和疏丛型苔草(毛苔草)沼泽的植物物种多样性。结果表明: 3种苔草沼泽植物群落共有83个物种,隶属于36科59属。其中,乌拉草沼泽有71个物种,瘤囊苔草沼泽有61个物种,毛苔草沼泽有26个物种。密丛型苔草沼泽植物物种数和物种丰富度明显高于疏丛型苔草沼泽,且密丛型苔草沼泽草丘位置的物种数和物种丰富度均显著高于丘间位置;草丘的物种丰富度与草丘的高度、基面积和表面积均呈显著正相关,说明草丘对苔草沼泽的物种多样性维持功能具有重要作用。典范对应分析表明,草丘和丘间的水分、养分(有机碳、总氮、总磷、碳氮比)及枯落物厚度的差异是影响物种组成的主要环境因素。在密丛型苔草沼泽中... | zh-cn |
pair_34212621 | Information on the spatial distribution of soil microbial communities on the Tibetan Pla-teau is critical for in-depth understanding the important roles of microbes in typical alpine ecosystems. In this study, 16S rDNA Illumina Miseq sequencing was used to analyze the variations in bacterial community composition and f... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 研究青藏高原土壤微生物群落组成和功能的空间分布特征有助于深入理解典型高寒生态系统中土壤微生物的重要生态功能。本研究采用16S rDNA高通量测序方法,分析了西藏色季拉山4个不同海拔土壤细菌群落物种组成和功能潜势的变化特征及其驱动因子。结果表明: 随着海拔的升高,土壤细菌的丰富度和Shannon多样性指数显著降低;酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门和硝化螺旋菌门的相对丰度显著增加,而变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度则显著降低。KEGG二级代谢通路中,膜运输及氨基酸、脂类、萜类和聚酮类化合物代谢相关基因的相对丰度在高海拔显著降低,而碳水化合物代谢、信号转导、复制与修复、酶家族等基因丰度则显著升高。不同海拔土壤细菌群落组成和功能潜势的变... | zh-cn |
pair_34212622 | The research on spatial pattern and optimization of regional ecological carrying capacity is especially necessary to promote the overall development of economic transformation, upgrading and ecological protection and restoration. This study chose the natural, social and economic complex ecosystem of Jiangsu coastal are... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 区域生态承载能力空间格局与优化研究是推动经济转型升级和生态保护修复统筹发展的需要。本研究以江苏沿海区域自然-社会-经济复合生态系统为研究对象,建立生态承载压力-状态-潜力(PSP)概念模型,用15项指标表征3个层面状态的交互关系,在GIS等空间技术支持下,通过分项和多项综合评价,分析研究区域生态承载力的量级、空间分异特征。结果表明: 江苏沿海区域分要素生态承载力适宜性的空间格局呈多种变化趋势,同一指标在不同市县的量级、面积、占比、布局等存在显著差异;从压力与状态叠加指数空间分异性可见,低压力适宜承载、低压力一般适宜承载、低压力不适宜承载、高压力适宜承载、高压力一般适宜承载、高压力不适宜承载的区域面积分别为3971.42、6885.2... | zh-cn |
pair_34212623 | Using the four periods of land use data and socio-economic statistics of Lanzhou City in 1995, 2005, 2015 and 2018, we examined the evolution characteristics and driving forces of urban land use in Lanzhou, with expansion intensity index, Logistic regression, and principal component analysis method. Based on the multi-... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 利用1995、2005、2015、2018年4期兰州市土地利用数据和社会经济统计数据,运用扩展强度指数、Logistic回归、主成分分析等方法揭示兰州市城镇用地演变特征及驱动力,基于多智能体模型用Netlogo软件实现了2025年多情景下兰州市城镇用地扩展模拟。结果表明: 1995—2018年,兰州市城镇用地扩展强度和规模均呈增长趋势,侵占耕地和水域面积共307 km<sup>2</sup>;兰州市城镇用地扩展与地区生产总值、全社会固定资产投资、人口密度、城镇人口、政策和地形显著相关;从模拟结果来看,多智能体模型在Netlogo软件上能够较好地模拟兰州市城镇用地扩展趋势,在一定程度上为河谷型城市扩展模拟提供了可靠的仿真手段;2020... | zh-cn |
pair_34212625 | Light is a important way in controlling vegetable pests. In this work, we examined the effects of blue light on <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> on cucumbers, as well as on nutrients, secondary metabolites, and resistance-related enzymes in cucumbers. Results of the direct repellent test showed that blue light had a strong repell... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 利用灯光控制害虫是蔬菜害虫绿色防控的重要手段。本研究探讨了蓝光对黄瓜烟粉虱种群及黄瓜营养物质、次生代谢物、抗性相关酶的影响。结果表明: 在直接驱避试验条件下,蓝光对烟粉虱成虫有较强的驱避作用,光照强度越大、照射时间越长,对烟粉虱的驱避作用越强。在相同光强和光照时间下,直射光较透射光的驱避作用强。其中,1200 lx的蓝光直射烟粉虱5 min后,烟粉虱的虫口减退率为77.7%,比透射光高17.4%;1750 lx的蓝光直射2 min后,虫口减退率41.2%,比透射光高10.6%。盆栽条件下,蓝光照射对黄瓜叶片上的烟粉虱也有较好的驱避作用,100 lx蓝光照射5 h后,烟粉虱种群的校正虫口减退率达到88.5%。蓝光对烟粉虱的生长发育有一... | zh-cn |
pair_34212626 | Soil microorganism was the engine of the migration and transformation of biological elements in the soil-plant system of wetland ecosystems. Exploring the relationship between plant community, soil properties, and spatial structure with soil microorganisms is the key to maintain the health and stability of wetlands. In... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 土壤微生物是湿地生态系统中土壤-植物系统生源要素迁移转化的引擎。探究湿地生态系统地上植物群落、土壤理化性质和空间结构与土壤细菌间的相互关系是维护湿地生态系统健康和稳定的关键。本研究运用双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)对碧塔海湿地采集的35个样方中的植物群落进行分类,并采用高通量测序技术对样方的表层土壤细菌进行测序,分析植物群落、土壤理化性质和空间结构与细菌群落间的关系。结果表明: 双向指示种分析将样方的植物群落划分为3种群落类型,相同类型的植物群落在外貌和结构上相似,说明基于双向指示种分析的数量分类方法在高原湿地生态系统植物群落分类中有较好的适用性;细菌相对丰度统计结果表明,酸杆菌门(21.0%)、绿弯菌门(15.5%)、变形菌... | zh-cn |
pair_34212629 | To explore the association between phytoplankton community structure and water quality of the Tianhe Reservoir in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, we examined the phytoplankton and physico-chemical factors in the Tianhe Reservoir from February 2019 to January 2020. A total of 89 phytoplankton species belonging to 60 genera and 7 phy... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 为了探究浙南地区山区水库浮游植物群落结构的季节变化及水质状况,于2019年2月—2020年1月对位于温州大罗山天河水库的浮游植物群落结构和水体理化因子进行了调查分析。结果表明: 天河水库浮游植物隶属于7门60属89种,全年浮游植物平均丰度为2.02×10<sup>5</sup> cells·L<sup>-1</sup>,年均生物量为0.26 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>。硅藻门在全年均占优势,绿藻门在春、秋季占优势,而蓝藻门仅在夏季占优势,裸藻门和甲藻门在全年均有出现,隐藻门在秋、冬季均有出现,但不占优势。全年主要优势种有颗粒直链藻、尖针杆藻、隐头舟形藻、美丽星杆藻、假鱼腥藻、小新月藻、二角盘星藻、二角多甲藻、圆筒锥囊藻、卵形... | zh-cn |
pair_34212630 | We explored the sample collection and DNA extraction method of environmental DNA (eDNA) technique. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to detect the eDNA concentration of the four major Chinese carps in different water layers and different cross-sections of Yichang section of Yangtze River trunk stream. We analyzed th... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本研究通过环境DNA(eDNA)技术的样品采集及DNA提取方法,采用微滴式数字PCR(ddPCR)技术检测了长江干流宜昌江段不同水层、不同断面四大家鱼的eDNA浓度,分析了eDNA浓度变化与卵苗密度的关系,探讨了利用eDNA技术监测四大家鱼自然繁殖情况的可行性。结果表明: 与传统调查结果相比,四大家鱼的eDNA浓度与卵苗密度呈极显著相关,浓度最大值与卵苗峰值的出现时间较为一致,利用eDNA技术可以预判家鱼集群产卵行为的发生。连续两年的断面eDNA浓度检测认为,渔洋溪上游4.5 km和下游1 km为家鱼产卵场。该范围位于传统方法预估的胭脂坝下至红花套的产卵场范围内。这说明eDNA技术作为一种新兴的生态调查方法,可更为准确地判定有一定种... | zh-cn |
pair_34212632 | Soil-plant system is the basic structural unit of the biosphere, with close mutual feedback between soil and plants. The degradation of soil exerts various abiotic stresses to plants, disturbs the physiological metabolism of plants, and inhibits nutrient acquisition. Earthworms are known as 'ecosystem engineers', which... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 土壤-植物系统是生物圈的基本结构单元,土壤与植物之间存在密切的相互反馈。土壤退化导致植物面临各种非生物胁迫,植物的生理代谢遭到干扰,养分获取受到抑制。蚯蚓被称为“生态系统的工程师”。蚯蚓能够通过调控土壤物理-化学-生物学特性,改良退化土壤(盐碱土、重金属和有机污染物污染土壤),缓解植物所受胁迫,增加土壤养分有效性,促进植物生长,并通过自身分泌的信号物质提高植物的抗逆性。蚯蚓对土壤-植物系统的生态修复作用,对于改善植物生长环境、维持土壤生态系统健康和稳定具有重要意义。. | zh-cn |
pair_34212633 | The spread of antibiotic resistance in soil is a global threat to public health and food safety, challenging the prevention and treatment of human infectious disease. The horizontal transfer of ARGs mediated by bacteriophages (phages) is an important pathway for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 土壤中抗生素耐药性的扩散对全球的公共卫生和食品安全造成威胁,严重挑战人类感染类疾病的预防与治疗。噬菌体介导的抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的水平转移是环境中抗性基因扩散的重要机制。但是,噬菌体对土壤环境中抗性基因传播的贡献尚未见报道。本文综述了土壤环境中噬菌体的分布特征与影响因子,总结了纯化和富集土壤噬菌体的主要研究方法;同时阐述了土壤环境中噬菌体介导抗性基因水平转移的作用机制等相关研究进展,并提出了土壤噬菌体研究领域尚未解决的一些科学问题。本综述将有助于进一步深入理解噬菌体在抗性基因水平传播中的重要生态角色,为制定相关管理政策以减缓抗生素抗性基因污染问题提供基础。. | zh-cn |
pair_34218573 | Under the new situation of professionalization reform for fire rescue forces in China, the research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of the emergency rescue personnel is expected to usher in a new stage. Based on some theoretical researches and practical results of domestic and foreign literature, this paper su... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 中国消防职业化改革的新形势下，应急救援队员创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）研究面临新发展。本文结合国内外文献的一些理论研究与实践成果，对应急救援队员PTSD的社会心理因素等研究成果进行了综述，并对未来我国相关领域的研究与政策制定进行了建议与展望。. | zh-cn |
pair_34218574 | According to the research on the pathogenesis of the hidden hearing loss in recent years, the occurrence of the hidden hearing loss is earlier than the permanent hearing threshold shift. This paper reviews the risk factors of hidden hearing loss, the pathogenesis of noise-induced hidden hearing loss, and the detection ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 根据近年来隐性听力损失发病机制的研究发现，隐性听力损失的发生早于永久性听阈位移，可更早地发现噪声对听觉系统的损伤，对职业性噪声聋的防护具有重要意义。本文对隐性听力损失的危险因素、噪声导致隐性听力损失的发病机制、隐性听力损失的检测方法等方面进行了综述，探讨隐性听力损失在职业健康监护中的意义，为今后早期发现听力损失、噪声作业劳动者的听力保护提供参考。. | zh-cn |
pair_34219272 | A systematic understanding of dynamic animal extinction trajectories for different regions in a nation like China is critically important to developing practical conservation strategies. We explored historical and contemporary changes in terrestrial mammalian diversity to determine how diversity in each of the 5 region... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 哺乳动物历史和现今分布记录为中国生物多样性提供保护建议 系统了解不同地区动物的动态灭绝轨迹, 对制定切实可行的保护策略至关重要。本研究通过分析更新世动物化石纪录, 并以灵长目历史分布记录 (1175-2020年) 为例, 重建中国陆生哺乳动物 11 个目的进化和历史分布轨迹, 比较中国五个主要地区的物种多样性历史和现今的变化趋势, 并结合国家现行保护策略预测其生存前景, 评估不同地区的生态保护潜力。研究表明, 自更新世以来东北地区的陆生哺乳动物减少了 4-5 个目, 华中地区减少了 3 个目, 沿海地区减少了 2 个目, 西北地区减少了 1 个目, 而西南地区保留了所有 11 目陆生哺乳动物。当前沿海地区的物种密度最高, 西南地区次... | zh-cn |
pair_34219272 | A systematic understanding of dynamic animal extinction trajectories for different regions in a nation like China is critically important to developing practical conservation strategies. We explored historical and contemporary changes in terrestrial mammalian diversity to determine how diversity in each of the 5 region... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Uso de la Distribución Histórica y Contemporánea de los Mamíferos en China para Orientar a la Conservación Resumen El entendimiento sistemático de las trayectorias de extinción dinámica de los animales para diferentes regiones en un país como en China es de importancia crítica para poder desarrollar estrategias de cons... | es |
pair_34224158 | Assessing the impact of global changes and protection effectiveness is a key step in monitoring marine fishes. Most traditional census methods are demanding or destructive. Nondisturbing and nonlethal approaches based on video and environmental DNA are alternatives to underwater visual census or fishing. However, their... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 评估全球变化影响及保护有效性是海洋鱼类监测的关键步骤。然而, 大多数传统种群调查方法都有较高的要求或具有破坏性。基于视频和环境 DNA 的非干扰性、非致死性方法则是水下视觉调查或鱼类捕捞的替代方法。然而, 这些方法检测传统分类学多样性之外其它生物多样性因子的能力尚不清楚。本研究关注硬骨鱼类和软骨鱼类, 比较了环境 DNA宏条形码和长期远程视频监测在评估物种的系统发育多样性和功能多样性中的表现情况。我们在一个偏远的海洋保护区--马尔佩洛岛 (哥伦比亚太平洋海岸) , 收集了10个分别取自 30 升水体的环境 DNA 样品, 以及4天共25小时的水下视频。结果发现, 环境 DNA 宏条形码比水下视频多检测出66%的分子操作分类单元 (M... | zh-cn |
pair_34224158 | Assessing the impact of global changes and protection effectiveness is a key step in monitoring marine fishes. Most traditional census methods are demanding or destructive. Nondisturbing and nonlethal approaches based on video and environmental DNA are alternatives to underwater visual census or fishing. However, their... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Uso de ADN Ambiental en la Evaluación de la Diversidad Funcional y Filogenética de los Peces Resumen La evaluación del impacto de los cambios globales y la efectividad de la protección es un paso fundamental para el monitoreo de peces marinos. La mayoría de los métodos tradicionales de censos son demandantes o destruct... | es |
pair_34224186 | White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a fungal disease that has caused precipitous declines in several North American bat species, creating an urgent need for conservation. We examined how microclimates and other characteristics of hibernacula have affected bat populations following WNS-associated declines and evaluated whether... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 白鼻综合征 (white-nose syndrome, WNS) 是一种真菌性疾病, 现已导致北美多个蝙蝠物种数量急剧减少, 迫切需要进行保护。本研究调查了微气候和冬眠洞的其它特征如何影响因WNS发生衰退的蝙蝠种群, 并评估了对温暖且较少使用的冬眠洞降温能否帮助蝙蝠获益。我们在蝙蝠大规模死亡后的一段时间内 (2013-2020年), 对美国宾夕法尼亚州25个未经人为操控的冬眠洞和6个人为操控的冬眠洞进行了191次冬季调查, 并将这些数据与额外的数据集相结合, 包括蝙蝠历史数量统计 (2013年之前) 和地下位点的空间分布数据。接下来, 我们用广义线性混合模型和模型选择的方法确定了影响蝙蝠种群的因素。与温度较高 (7-11°C) 的冬... | zh-cn |
pair_34224186 | White-nose syndrome (WNS) is a fungal disease that has caused precipitous declines in several North American bat species, creating an urgent need for conservation. We examined how microclimates and other characteristics of hibernacula have affected bat populations following WNS-associated declines and evaluated whether... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | El síndrome de nariz blanca (SNB) es una enfermedad fúngica que ha causado declinaciones precipitadas en varias especies de murciélagos norteamericanos, creando una necesidad urgente por conservarlas. Analizamos cómo los microclimas y otras características de los hibernáculos han afectado a las poblaciones de murciélag... | es |
pair_34225416 | Adult onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare polygenic autoinflammatory disease mainly manifesting as high-spiking fever, rash, arthritis/arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, and leukocytosis. More importantly, life threatening macrophage activation syndrome may occur in AOSD patients. Recently, with the development of researc... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 成人Still病（AOSD）是一种少见多因素自身炎症性疾病，以发热、皮疹、关节炎/痛、淋巴结肿大、白细胞升高等为主要表现。AOSD还可出现严重并发症如巨噬细胞活化综合征，危及患者生命。最近一年，随着对AOSD发病机制的深入研究以及生物制剂和小分子靶向药物的广泛应用，人们对AOSD有了更多新的认识。本文将对近一年来在AOSD发病机制、临床表现和治疗等方面的进展进行述评，并对未来研究方向提出希望。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225421 | The clinical data of 22 patients with giant renal hamartoma in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery from October 2014 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients successfully completed the operation. The operation time and renal arte... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 回顾性分析2014年10月至2020年1月浙江省人民医院22例巨大肾错构瘤患者接受机器人辅助腹腔镜保留肾单位手术治疗的临床资料。22例患者均顺利完成手术，手术时间为（179±34） min，肾动脉阻断时间为（19.8±2.5） min，术中出血量为（117±62） ml，术后住院时间为（9.0±1.5） d。术后病理均证实为肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤；无尿漏、术后出血等并发症。术后电话随访6~52个月，手术侧均无肿瘤复发。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225422 | Immune system cannot only help the body resist the attack of pathogens, but it also prevents the reaction to its own components. In addition, there is a delicate balance between immune defense and immune tolerance. Therefore, once the balance is broken, diseases may appear. Notably, the liver is a unique and important ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 免疫系统既能帮助机体抵御病原体的攻击，又能防止对自身成分发生反应。免疫防御与免疫耐受之间存在微妙的平衡关系，一旦平衡被打破，疾病就有可能随之而来。肝脏作为一个独特且重要的免疫器官，其生理和病理状态下的免疫学功能极具研究价值。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225423 | Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease, mainly characterized by chronic progressive cholestasis. The root cause of PBC is the loss of immune tolerance to autoantigen E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC-E2). The unique immunobiological characteristics of intrahepatic bile duct epithelial ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 原发性胆汁性胆管炎（PBC）是一种以慢性进行性胆汁淤积为主要特征的自身免疫性肝病，针对自身抗原——丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体E2亚单位（PDC-E2）免疫耐受性的丧失是PBC发病的根源。肝内胆管上皮细胞特有的免疫生物学特性使其成为PBC发病的积极参与者。近年来，PBC的检出率逐年提高，但临床上仍未改变熊去氧胆酸单一用药的格局，深入了解PBC的免疫发病机制将有助于临床医师更好地预防和治疗疾病。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225424 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world. Liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and a variety of extrahepatic chronic diseases are important risk factors for NAFLD. Currently, there is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Liver inflammation is a key driving ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）已成为全球最常见的慢性肝病，是肝硬化、肝癌和多种肝外慢性疾病的重要危险因素，目前仍缺乏有效的治疗药物。肝脏炎症是NAFLD进展的关键驱动因素，因而调控肝脏炎症有望为延缓和逆转非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）进展提供潜在手段。研究发现，肠-肝免疫轴在NASH进展中扮演了重要角色。肠道菌群可利用其代谢物诱发糖脂毒性、氧化应激和肠道屏障损伤，而细菌组分如脂多糖、肽聚糖、细菌DNA和胞外囊泡等可经由受损的肠道屏障转位进入肝脏，引发免疫细胞过度激活，进而加剧肝脏炎症反应和促进NASH进展。现围绕肠-肝免疫轴解析肠道菌群介导的肝脏免疫和其在NASH发生、发展中的作用机制，为研发NASH治疗新策略奠定理论基础。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225425 | The key factors driving the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease are still not fully understood. At present, it is believed that the direct toxic effects of ethanol and its intermediate metabolite acetaldehyde can cause oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, adipogenesis, malnutrition, intestinal endotoxin leakage,... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 驱动酒精性肝病发病机制的关键因素至今尚不完全明晰。目前认为，乙醇及其中间代谢物乙醛的直接毒性作用可引起氧化应激、线粒体损伤、脂肪生成、营养不良和内毒素从肠道中渗漏等，这些因素均参与了酒精性肝病的发生及进展。在诸多已被揭示的致病因素中，免疫学机制占有重要地位，而免疫细胞及炎性介质在其中发挥的作用引人关注。现对酒精性肝病形成、发展中参与的先天及适应性免疫反应的特定免疫细胞作用机制新进展进行总结及评述，呈现潜在治疗靶点及相关新药临床试验开展情况，提升临床实践中对酒精性肝病分子机制及治疗期待的再认识。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225436 | Mdr2 knockout mice is a liver disease model, which causes cholestasis due to the lack of phospholipids in the bile. At present, it is not only used for the study of human homologous MDR3 gene, but also widely used as an animal model of liver diseases such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, liver fibrosis, progressive f... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Mdr2基因敲除小鼠是因胆汁中磷脂缺乏而导致胆汁淤积的一种肝病模型。目前不仅用于其人类同源基因MDR3的研究，同时还作为原发性硬化性胆管炎、肝纤维化、进行性家族性肝内胆汁瘀积症、肝癌等多种肝病的动物模型而被广泛使用。在此我们对Mdr2基因敲除小鼠的生理特点及在肝病研究中的应用作一综述。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225437 | Stem cells are type of cells that have unlimited self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential under specific conditions. Stem cell-based therapeutic techniques can provide new methods for the treatment of perplexing severe liver diseases. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are currently considered as ideal stem ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 干细胞是一类在特定条件下具有无限制自我更新与多向分化潜能的细胞，基于干细胞的治疗技术可为疑难重症肝病的治疗提供新的手段。脐带间充质干细胞因具有免疫原性低、取材方便、来源丰富和无伦理学争议等优点，目前被认为是可用于临床治疗疾病的最理想的一类干细胞。目前已有大量的基础与临床应用证据提示间充质干细胞可以显著改善肝硬化和肝衰竭等终末期肝病的病情和临床转归，其作用机制可能包括向肝细胞样细胞的转化、调节免疫功能以及分泌外泌体等。现就目前应用间充质干细胞治疗疑难重症肝病的理论与临床研究开展情况，以及间充质干细胞治疗临床试验申请和实施过程中需要关注的问题等作一简单的归纳和总结。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225438 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is becoming the main cause of global liver disease-related morbidity and mortality. Notably, its pathological mechanism is complicated and not yet fully understood. Therefore, immune regulation is undoubtedly an important link in its pathogenesis, especially the change of T lymphocyte s... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 非酒精性脂肪性肝病正成为全球肝病相关发病率和病死率的主要原因，其病理学机制复杂，尚未完全清楚，免疫调节无疑是其发病过程中的重要环节，尤其T淋巴细胞亚群变化。现介绍T淋巴细胞参与脂肪变性、炎症、纤维化、恶性转化及免疫治疗的研究进展。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225439 | The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors has significantly improved the immunotherapy effect of a variety of solid tumors. With the US Food and Drug Administration's approval of nivolumab and pembrolizumab as second-line treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors, es... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 免疫检查点抑制剂的应用显著提高了多种实体瘤的免疫治疗效果。随着Nivolumab和Pembrolizumab被美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于肝癌的二线治疗，免疫检查点抑制剂，特别是与其他治疗方法的联合应用在肝细胞癌中的应用也越来越广泛。这些药物在接触肿瘤的免疫抑制作用发挥治疗作用的同时，也激发了自身免疫引起的相关副作用。其副作用发生特点与传统化疗及靶向药物有很大差异，有效地监测、发现及干预免疫相关副作用是保证病人获得临床获益的必要保障。. | zh-cn |
pair_34225440 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and it includes simple fatty liver disease (NAFL), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma-related NASH. The degree of hepatic necrotizing inflammation and fibrosis is closely r... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是世界上最常见的慢性肝病之一，包括单纯性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、相关肝硬化和肝细胞癌。肝脏炎症坏死及纤维化程度与NAFLD患者的长期预后密切相关，故早期监测疾病进展和早期干预具有重要意义。肝组织活检仍然是诊断NAFLD的金标准，作为一项有创检查，肝组织活检不易在临床上广泛开展。随着组学研究技术的不断发展，基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、糖组学、代谢组学等组学生物标志物在NAFLD诊断中的潜在应用价值逐渐显现。现主要总结NAFLD组学生物标志物的研究进展。. | zh-cn |
pair_34226844 | Evidence suggests that people vary in their desire to undertake protective actions during a health emergency, and that trust in authorities may influence decision making. We sought to examine how the trust in health experts and trust in White House leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic impacts individuals' decisions ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 证据显示，人们在一场卫生紧急事件中就采取防护行动所具备的意愿有所差异，并且对政府机构的信任可能会影响决策。我们试图分析新冠肺炎（COVID‐19）大流行期间对卫生专家的信任和对白宫领导力的信任如何影响个体在采纳例如佩戴口罩等推荐的防护行动方面的决策。对2020年3月27‐30日收集的美国调查的截面数据进行中介分析，以期阐明个体对卫生专家和对白宫领导力的信任、他们对新冠肺炎的易感染性和严重性的感知、以及对采取新冠肺炎防护措施的利益感知，如何影响他们对推荐防护行动的采纳。对卫生专家的信任与“新冠肺炎严重性感知的增强，和关于采取防护行动的利益感知的增强”相关，导致更高的推荐防护行动采取率。对白宫领导力的信任与新冠肺炎易感染性的较低感知相关... | zh-cn |
pair_34226844 | Evidence suggests that people vary in their desire to undertake protective actions during a health emergency, and that trust in authorities may influence decision making. We sought to examine how the trust in health experts and trust in White House leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic impacts individuals' decisions ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La evidencia sugiere que las personas varían en su deseo de emprender acciones de protección durante una emergencia de salud y que la confianza en las autoridades puede influir en la toma de decisiones. Buscamos examinar cómo la confianza en los expertos en salud y la confianza en el liderazgo de la Casa Blanca durante... | es |
pair_34226845 | How does calculated inaction affect subsequent responses to the COVID-19 crisis? We argue that when governments employ calculated inaction during crises, they are more likely to manipulate the technical (scientific) aspects of national responses and highlight symbolic politics, each in the name of projecting power and ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 有意不作为（calculated inaction）如何影响新冠肺炎（COVID‐19）危机响应？我们主张，当政府在危机期间有意不作为，则更有可能操纵国家响应的技术（科学）层面并强调象征性政治，二者反映了权力、加强了政权的治理权威。通过使用McConnell 和't Hart's的政策不作为分类学，我们研究了意义建构和中国和希腊的危机响应叙事。我们的结论为决策和危机管理文献提供了意义。. | zh-cn |
pair_34226845 | How does calculated inaction affect subsequent responses to the COVID-19 crisis? We argue that when governments employ calculated inaction during crises, they are more likely to manipulate the technical (scientific) aspects of national responses and highlight symbolic politics, each in the name of projecting power and ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | ¿Cómo afecta la inacción calculada las respuestas posteriores a la crisis del COVID‐19? Argumentamos que cuando los gobiernos emplean una inacción calculada durante las crisis, es más probable que manipulen los aspectos técnicos (científicos) de las respuestas nacionales y resalten la política simbólica, cada una en no... | es |
pair_34226846 | In this paper, we address the question on how societies coped with pandemic crises, how they tried to control or adapt to the disease, or even managed to overcome the death trap in history. On the basis of historical research, we describe how societies in the western world accommodated to or exited hardship and restric... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本文研究了一个问题，即历史上社会如何应对大流行危机、如何试图控制或适应疾病、或甚至努力战胜死亡陷阱。基于历史研究，我们描述了过去四百年里西方社会如何适应或摆脱困境和限制性措施。特别地，我们希望了解历史上公民资源如何被用于适应病毒，并在一定程度上接受病毒。我们认为，对危机和公共危害管理采取这样的“应用史”（applied history）方法，能帮助应对当前的迫切问题，即能通过什么样的适应性策略回归正常生活，包括适应社会认可的医疗、卫生及其他与大流行相关的措施。. | zh-cn |
pair_34226846 | In this paper, we address the question on how societies coped with pandemic crises, how they tried to control or adapt to the disease, or even managed to overcome the death trap in history. On the basis of historical research, we describe how societies in the western world accommodated to or exited hardship and restric... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | En este artículo abordamos la cuestión de cómo las sociedades enfrentaron las crisis pandémicas, cómo intentaron controlar o adaptarse a la enfermedad, o incluso cómo lograron superar la trampa mortal de la historia. Basándonos en la investigación histórica, describimos cómo las sociedades del mundo occidental se adapt... | es |
pair_34227099 | The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant stress for individuals, couples, and families. Divorced and separated couples with children face unique stresses amid the pandemic. This mixed-methods study explored these challenges among 296 divorced and separated parents: namely 204 women formerly partnered with men, 34 m... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | COVID-19疫情给个人、伴侣和家庭造成了巨大压力。离婚和带着孩子的分居伴侣在这一疫情期间面临特殊的压力。本研究采用混合方法, 在296名离婚和分居的父母中探究了这些压力:即204名与男性有伴侣关系的女性, 34名与女性有伴侣关系的男性, 以及58名与女性有伴侣关系的女性, 他们在2020年的夏秋期间接受了调查。参与者描述了法律、经济和抚养子女方面面临的困难。那些尚未离婚的人说, 由于法庭关闭和法律专业人士缺乏回应, 他们很难提出离婚申请或最终完成离婚。那些已经离婚的人也面临着法律上的挑战, 比如无法得知法庭日期来修改监护权安排。财务上的困难包括在失业的情况下重新协商财政支持义务。通过封闭式和开放式的问题, 本研究探讨了父母之间的... | zh-cn |
pair_34227099 | The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant stress for individuals, couples, and families. Divorced and separated couples with children face unique stresses amid the pandemic. This mixed-methods study explored these challenges among 296 divorced and separated parents: namely 204 women formerly partnered with men, 34 m... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha generado mucho estrés en las personas, las parejas y las familias. Las parejas separadas y divorciadas que tienen niños enfrentan tensiones únicas en medio de la pandemia. En este estudio de métodos combinados se analizaron estas dificultades entre 296 padres divorciados y separados, por e... | es |
pair_34227279 | Vitamin C is an essential vitamin for human beings. It has a huge market in the fields of food and pharmaceuticals. 2-keto-L-gulonic acid is an important precursor to produce vitamin C by microbial fermentation in industrial. In microbial fermentations, the L-sorbose pathway and the D-gluconate pathway have been the fo... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 维生素C是一种人体必需的维生素，在食品制药等领域拥有巨大的市场。工业上维生素C主要以微生物发酵生产的2-酮基-L-古龙酸为前体，然后通过内酯化反应获得。微生物发酵中，山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径因为转化率高一直是研究的热点。文中从维生素C生物合成相关脱氢酶的角度阐述了：山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径中关键脱氢酶在定位、底物谱、辅因子和电子传递上的特点；山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径中面临的主要问题和改造策略等。最后讨论了维生素C生物合成中山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径可能的研究方向。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227280 | Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases catalyze the biosynthesis of structurally and functionally diverse non-ribosomal peptide natural products, which have broad applications in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial sectors. Engineered non-ribosomal peptide synthetases can be used to produce novel non-ribosomal pept... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 非核糖体肽合成酶合成的非核糖体肽类天然产物具有丰富的结构和多样的功能，在医药、农业、工业等领域具有广泛的应用潜力。利用合成生物技术工程改造非核糖体肽合成酶，在微生物细胞工厂中组合生物合成新型非核糖体肽分子顺应绿色化学的发展理念，是国内外学者关注的热点。文中归纳了3种不同的非核糖体肽合成酶工程改造策略，并对近年来相关领域的研究进展进行综述。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227281 | Sucrose is a natural product occurs widely in nature. In living organisms such as plants, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme for sucrose synthesis. SPS catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-6-phosphate, which is further hydrolyzed by sucrose phosphatase to form sucrose. Researches on SPS in r... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 蔗糖是自然界中广泛存在的一种天然产物。在植物等生命体中，蔗糖磷酸合酶 (Sucrose phosphate synthase，SPS) 是蔗糖合成的限速酶。SPS催化合成蔗糖-6-磷酸；蔗糖磷酸酶 (Sucrose Phosphatase，SPP) 进一步把蔗糖-6-磷酸上的磷酸根水解下来而形成蔗糖。近几十年来关于SPS的研究多涉及SPS的酶活性测定、SPS的抑制剂和激活剂、SPS的共价修饰调节、SPS调节植物碳水化合物分配、SPS促进植物生长的机制、SPS如何增加果实甜度等方面，文中针对以上几个方面及SPS的晶体结构和催化机制进行了系统地综述。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227282 | Methyltransferases (MTs) constitute a large group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl moiety, most frequently from S-adenosyl-L-methionine, to their substrates. It plays an essential role in regulation of gene expression and synthesis of many natural compounds. Owing to its broad substrate spectrum, MTs m... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 甲基转移酶 (Methyltransferases，MTs) 普遍存在于所有生物有机体中，通常以S-腺苷甲硫氨酸作为甲基供体催化底物的甲基化反应，在基因的表达调控和许多天然化合物的合成中起着至关重要的作用。近年来，在微生物中异源表达MTs以实现一些重要天然产物的生物合成取得了巨大的进步，但迄今为止这方面的研究还没有得到详细和全面的总结。文中综述了MTs在微生物合成苯丙烷类化合物、香料类化合物、激素和抗生素等重要天然产物的最新研究进展，重点阐述了应用代谢工程策略高效合成这些甲基化的天然产物，以及利用MTs拓展天然产物分子多样性的研究进展。最后，探讨了MTs应用于微生物合成天然产物所面临的挑战，并对利用MTs进一步高效生产结构和生物活性... | zh-cn |
pair_34227284 | Quercetin 3-O-glycosides (Q3Gs) are important members of quercetin glycosides with excellent pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer and anti-virus. Two representatives of Q3Gs, rutin and troxerutin, have been developed into clinical drugs, demonstrating Q3Gs have become one of... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 槲皮素3-O-糖苷是一类重要的槲皮素糖苷类化合物，具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌和抗病毒等多种药理活性，其代表性化合物芦丁和曲克芦丁已被开发成临床用药。由此可见，槲皮素3-O-糖苷已经成为创新药物的重要来源之一。然而，较低的生物利用度限制了槲皮素3-O-糖苷在食品、制药等行业中更广泛地应用。为提高这些化合物的生物利用度，选择性酰基化修饰是有效的途径之一，而生物酶法则是获得槲皮素3-O-糖苷酯类衍生物的重要方法。文中介绍了酰基化槲皮素3-O-糖苷的酶促合成方法，重点综述了4种能执行体外酶促酰化的工具酶 (酰基转移酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、酯酶) 和全细胞生物催化剂在槲皮素3-O-糖苷酯的酶促合成中的研究进展，详细阐述了酰基化修饰对槲皮素3-O-糖苷... | zh-cn |
pair_34227285 | Glycosidases are widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its ability to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds of various sugar-containing compounds including glycosides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides to generate derivatives with important physiological and pharmacological activity. While glycosidases o... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 糖苷酶作为绿色温和的生物催化剂，能够水解包含糖苷、寡糖、多糖等在内的各种含糖化合物的糖苷键生成具有高生理和药理活性的衍生物，在食品、医药等工业领域应用广泛。而工业应用的糖苷酶经常需在高温条件下进行催化，以提高反应效率并减少污染，但大多数糖苷酶属于中温酶，在实际生产条件下的活性较低且损失较快，因此，提高糖苷酶在高温下的稳定性非常重要。本文综述了近年来利用定向进化、理性设计和半理性设计等策略改造糖苷酶耐热性的研究进展与应用，比较了不同策略之间的优势与不足，并对未来糖苷酶耐热性的改造方向进行了展望。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227286 | Medicinal natural products derived from plants are usually of low content and difficult to extract and isolate. Moreover, these compounds are structurally complex, making it difficult to obtain them by environmental unfriendly chemical synthesis. Biosynthesis of medicinal natural products through synthetic biology is a... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 大多数药用天然产物在植物中含量低微，提取分离困难；而且这些化合物一般结构复杂，化学合成难度大，还容易造成环境污染。基于合成生物学技术获得药用天然产物具有绿色环保和可持续发展等优点。文中以药用萜类化合物人参皂苷、紫杉醇、青蒿素、丹参酮，生物碱类化合物长春新碱、吗啡以及黄酮类化合物灯盏花素为例，总结了植物来源药用萜类、生物碱类和黄酮类化合物的生物合成途径及合成生物学研究进展，介绍了药用天然产物合成生物学研究的关键技术与方法，并展望了合成生物学技术在药用天然产物研究与开发方面的应用前景。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227287 | Cadinanes are a class of bicyclic sesquiterpenes with complex stereochemistry and broad pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic activities. To date, structurally diverse and bioactive cadinane sesquiterpenes have been isolated and identified from a variety of plants and mi... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 杜松烷型倍半萜是一类双环倍半萜，立体化学复杂，具有广泛药理活性，如抗菌、抗炎、降糖等。迄今为止，已从多种植物和微生物中分离鉴定出具有不同结构及生物活性的杜松烷型化合物，相关杜松烷型倍半萜合酶的研究也取得较大进展。本文按5种结构类型对近4年 (2017–2020年) 文献发表的结构新颖的124个杜松烷型化合物进行整理，并对其药理活性进行归纳总结，同时介绍了代表性杜松烷型化合物生物合成途径的解析概况，归纳了该类天然产物生物合成过程中关键杜松烷型倍半萜合酶的研究进展，并讨论了该类天然产物的研究前景和目前面临的一些问题。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227288 | Phytocannabinoids are bioactive terpenoids that are exclusive to Cannabis sativa L. The main pharmacologically active phytocannabinoids are Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, both target endogenous cannabinoid receptors. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol have extensive therapeutic potential due to their par... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 植物大麻素是具有生物活性的一系列萜类化合物的总称，被认为是大麻的专有成分。具有主要药理活性的植物大麻素为Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol，Δ9-THC) 和大麻二酚 (Cannabidiol，CBD)，均以内源性大麻素受体为靶点，通过激活内源性大麻素系统而参与人体许多生理病理过程，具有广泛的治疗潜力。目前，Δ9-THC、CBD及其类似物或组合制剂，已用于治疗癫痫、癌症化疗患者的呕吐、多发性硬化症痉挛和缓解神经性疼痛以及晚期癌症患者的疼痛。随着对Δ9-THC和CBD应用价值的深度发掘和药用标准化制剂需求量增加，Δ9-THC和CBD在制药工业中实现规模化生产迫在眉睫。通过综述近年来植物大麻素的药理学研究... | zh-cn |
pair_34227289 | Since synthetic pigments are potentially harmful to human health, natural ones such as bixin, one of the carotenoids, are favored. As the second widely used natural pigment in the world, there is significant interest in the biosynthetic pathway of bixin which has not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the ch... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 由于合成色素对人类健康具有潜在危害，天然色素逐渐受到青睐。胭脂素作为类胡萝卜素物质是世界第二大天然色素，其生物合成途径是国际研究热点，目前尚未被完整解析。文中综述了胭脂素的化学特性与提取方法、合成途径研究及应用现状，比较传统提取方法与新提取技术的特点，阐述胭脂素合成通路相关基因及非生物胁迫对合成通路的影响，介绍胭脂素在食品、医药、化工产业应用现状。由于胭脂素合成通路的研究多停留在转录组水平，大多数基因功能未进行验证，文中提出综合应用基因组学、生物信息学、植物化学等学科技术进行深入研究以解析完整的胭脂素合成途径，为胭脂素合成生物学研究及新药研发奠定基础，促进胭脂素的资源开发及可持续发展。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227291 | Plant-derived aromatic natural products have important medicinal value and can be made into pharmaceutical and healthcare products with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-oxidative, insecticidal and anthelmintic, expectorant and cough suppressant, tranquilizer and antitumor effects. However, the low cont... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 植物芳香类天然产物具有重要的药用价值，可制成具有抗菌、抗炎、镇痛、抗氧化、杀虫驱虫、祛痰止咳、安神镇静和抗肿瘤等药效的医药保健用品。然而，由于植物中芳香类天然产物含量较低并且难以提取和纯化，严重限制了其工业化生产及应用。合成生物学和代谢工程技术的发展为天然产物的生产提供了新的思路，可以利用人工微生物细胞工厂来实现多种芳香类天然产物的高效合成。文中介绍了芳香类天然产物的种类、合成途径和关键酶，综述了近年来国内外通过合成生物学技术合成芳香类天然产物的研究进展，探讨了当前研究所面临的挑战及潜在的解决策略，以期对芳香类天然产物生物合成研究工作提供参考。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227292 | Podophyllotoxin (PTOX) is an aryl-tetralin lignan of plant origin found in some species of Podophyllum such as Dysosma versipellis, Diphylleia sinensis, and Sinopodophyllum hexandrum. Etoposide and teniposide are produced semisynthetically from PTOX and used clinically to treat several forms of cancer. As a typical rep... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 鬼臼毒素 (Podophyllotoxin，PTOX) 是来源于中药八角莲、山荷叶和桃儿七等鬼臼属植物的芳基四氢萘类木脂素。其化学半合成衍生物依托泊苷和替尼泊苷被用于多种癌症的临床治疗。作为天然产物来源新药创制的典型代表，鬼臼毒素目前依赖天然提取，供求矛盾日渐突出。生物合成具有不受资源限制、反应条件友好等优势，是鬼臼毒素及其衍生物生产的新方式。文中总结了鬼臼毒素在植物中的生物合成途径的研究进展，阐述了合成途径中关键酶的功能及其亚细胞定位，进而介绍了以模式植物烟草为底盘的鬼臼毒素合成生物学研究。最后总结了利用微生物对鬼臼毒素进行异源表达及生物转化的研究进展，以期为利用微生物细胞工厂高效合成鬼臼毒素及其衍生物提供参考。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227294 | Plant polyphenols are phenylpropanoid derivatives including phenolic acids, stilbenes, curcumins and flavonoids. These compounds display a variety of biological and pharmacological activities such as antioxidation, vasorelaxation, anti-coagulation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and anti-virus, conferring a huge applica... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 植物多酚属于苯丙烷衍生物，包括酚酸类、茋类、姜黄素类和黄酮类等。它们具有抗氧化、扩血管、抗血凝、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗病毒等生理药理活性，在医药、食品、化妆品、化工等领域具有巨大的应用市场。微生物具有生长快、培养简单、可工业化等优点，成为异源合成天然产物的重要宿主。近年来，合成生物学的发展促进了植物天然产物的微生物合成，并取得了实质性进展。文中综述了植物多酚代谢途径在工程大肠杆菌、酿酒酵母等微生物中的构建、表达和产物合成现状，讨论了提高产量的前体工程、动态调控、共培养等优化策略，并就未来的多酚途径工程提出展望。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227295 | Curcumin is exclusively isolated from Zingiberaceae plants with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. In the present study, we used the diketide-CoA synthase (DCS) and curcumin synthase (CURS) genes to construct a non-natural fusion gene encoding diketide-CoA synthase::curcumin synthase (DCS::CURS). This fusion protein, t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 姜黄素是姜科植物的特征性成分，具有重要的药理活性。文中利用姜黄素生物合成关键酶β-酮酰辅酶A合酶 (Diketide-CoA synthase，DCS) 基因和姜黄素合酶 (Curcumin synthase，CURS) 基因构建非天然融合基因DCS::CURS，并将其与4-香豆酰辅酶A连接酶 (4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase，4CL) 和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶 (Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase，ACC) 基因共同引入大肠杆菌Escherichia coli，构建由阿魏酸合成姜黄素的工程大肠杆菌，利用LB培养基和改良的M9培养基进行两步发酵。通过对生长培养阶段诱导蛋白表达方法和发酵培... | zh-cn |
pair_34227296 | Terpenoids are a group of structurally diverse compounds with good biological activities and versatile functions such as anti-cancer and immunity-enhancing effects, and are widely used in food, healthcare and medical industries. Facilitated by the increasing understandings on the natural biosynthetic pathways of terpen... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 萜类化合物是一类种类繁多、功能多样的化合物，部分具有抗癌、增强免疫力等作用，具有良好的生物活性，在食品、保健品以及医疗等领域应用广泛。近年来，随着对萜类化合物生物合成途径研究的深入，研究人员采用代谢工程手段构建了多种萜类产物的高产酿酒酵母工程菌株，部分已经达到或者接近工业化生产水平。因此，采用合成生物学相关技术手段合成萜类化合物，有望取代化学合成或者传统的提取模式，成为天然萜类产物的新型生产方法。文中以常见的几种萜类产物为例，介绍并探讨萜类产物的生物合成策略以及合成生物学方面的研究进展。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227297 | Triterpenoids are a class of natural products of great commercial value that are widely used in pharmaceutical, health care and cosmetic industries. The biosynthesis of triterpenoids relies on the efficient synthesis of squalene epoxide, which is synthesized from the NADPH dependent oxidation of squalene catalyzed by s... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 三萜类化合物是一类广泛应用于医药、保健和化妆品等行业的天然产物，具有巨大的商业价值。生物合成三萜类化合物依赖于环氧角鲨烯的高效合成。角鲨烯环氧化酶是整个合成途径中的关键酶，其催化NADPH依赖的环氧化反应将角鲨烯转变为环氧角鲨烯。通过筛选不同来源的角鲨烯环氧化酶，截短的大鼠角鲨烯环氧化酶 (RnSETC) 在大肠杆菌Escherichia coli工程菌中表现出最强的活性；进一步考察内源性细胞色素P450还原酶样 (CPRL) 蛋白对环氧角鲨烯合成的影响显示，在中度拷贝质粒上以Lac启动子调控NADH：醌氧化还原酶 (WrbA) 的表达使得环氧角鲨烯产量提高近2.5倍。研究结果表明，所构建的环氧角鲨烯合成途径可以在大肠杆菌中实现三萜... | zh-cn |
pair_34227298 | Carrimycin (CAM) is a new antibiotics with isovalerylspiramycins (ISP) as its major components. It is produced by Streptomyces spiramyceticus integrated with a heterogenous 4″-O-isovaleryltransferase gene (ist). However, the present CAM producing strain carries two resistant gene markers, which makes it difficult for f... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | None | zh-cn |
pair_34227299 | Streptomyces are major sources of bioactive natural products. Genome sequencing reveals that Streptomyces have great biosynthetic potential, with an average of 20-40 biosynthetic gene clusters each strain. However, most natural products from Streptomyces are produced in low yields under regular laboratory cultivation c... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 链霉菌是活性天然产物的重要来源。基因组学研究揭示了链霉菌有巨大的生物合成潜力，平均每株菌拥有20–40个生物合成基因簇。在常规的实验室条件下，大多数链霉菌来源的天然产物产量较低，影响了对其进一步研究和产业化开发。由于链霉菌中天然产物的生物合成受到严格的调控，对于这些调控因子和调控网络的深入研究将有力地促进链霉菌来源的天然产物的发现和开发利用。文中主要综述了近5年来链霉菌来源天然产物生物合成中途径特异性调控因子的研究进展，重点介绍其在提高相应天然产物产量中的应用。. | zh-cn |
pair_34227300 | Angucyclines/angucyclinones are a large group of polycyclic aromatic polyketides and their producers are widely distributed in nature. This family of natural products attracts great attention because of their diverse biological activities and unique chemical structures. With the development of synthetic biology and the... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Angucycline/angucyclinone类天然产物是Ⅱ型聚酮类化合物中一个庞大的家族，其产生菌广泛存在于自然界中。由于这类化合物具有丰富的生物活性和独特的化学结构，吸引了众多科学家的浓厚兴趣。随着合成生物学的发展和特殊环境来源放线菌资源的开发，不断有新骨架的angucycline/angucyclinone类天然产物被发现，极大地丰富了这一家族天然产物的结构多样性。本文对2010–2020年期间，利用改变培养条件、基因改造、基因组挖掘、活性导向、特殊环境来源放线菌培养等不同策略从放线菌中所发现的新型angucycline/angucyclinone类化合物进行综述，并对合成生物学方法在这类化合物的发现和开发中的作用进行了讨... | zh-cn |
pair_34227682 | African American couples have unique racial stress and high relationship instability, although few studies have examined the role of racial stressors in their relationships. This qualitative study used grounded theory to examine 10 African American couples' disagreements about criticisms of other Black people. Each cou... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 非洲裔美国夫妇有独特的种族压力和关系的不稳定性极高，尽管很少有研究调查种族压力因素在他们的关系中的作用。这项定性研究采用扎根理论，考察了10对非裔美国夫妇对其他黑人的批评意见分歧。每对情侣都完成了一项标准的情侣问题解决任务，该任务被修改为只关注伴侣之间的种族差异。两种伴侣关系模型为该方法提供了框架：将一般脆弱性-应激-适应模型(Karney & Bradbury, 1995)与综合比赛模型(Bryant et al.， 2010) 相结合。目的是了解非裔美国人面临的种族压力，包括它的背景，如何以及为什么会有压力，他们如何应对，以及在他们的关系中产生的后果。一种试探性的模式出现了，表明一些非洲裔美国人早期有与种族有关的经历，这使他们很... | zh-cn |
pair_34227682 | African American couples have unique racial stress and high relationship instability, although few studies have examined the role of racial stressors in their relationships. This qualitative study used grounded theory to examine 10 African American couples' disagreements about criticisms of other Black people. Each cou... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Las parejas afroestadounidenses tienen un estrés racial único y una gran inestabilidad en la relación, pero pocos estudios han analizado el papel que desempeñan los factores desencadenantes de estrés racial en sus relaciones. En este estudio cualitativo se utilizó la teoría fundamentada para analizar los desacuerdos de... | es |
pair_34230819 | The COVID-19 public health pandemic has seen governments spend trillions of dollars to limit the spread of the COVID-19 virus as well as to soften the economic blow from the shutting down of national economies. Subsequent budget shortfalls raise the question of how governments will pay for the direct and indirect costs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 新冠肺炎（COVID‐19）公共卫生大流行期间，政府花费数万亿美元用于限制新冠病毒传播，并缓冲因国家经济停摆而产生的经济冲击。随后的预算短缺引起一个疑问，即政府将如何支付与新冠肺炎大流行相关的直接成本和间接成本。本文中，我们研究了关于通过支付新税来填补成本的公众意愿。我们发现，普遍社会信任和政治信任都与支持新冠肺炎相关税的更强意愿相关，并且普遍社会信任尤其能削弱由实验操作的、特定程度的税负对政策支持产生的消极效果。这些研究发现为舆论和税政策文献以及决策者提供了重要意义。. | zh-cn |
pair_34230819 | The COVID-19 public health pandemic has seen governments spend trillions of dollars to limit the spread of the COVID-19 virus as well as to soften the economic blow from the shutting down of national economies. Subsequent budget shortfalls raise the question of how governments will pay for the direct and indirect costs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La pandemia de salud pública COVID‐19 hizo que los gobiernos gastaran billones de dólares para limitar la propagación del virus COVID‐19, así como para suavizar el golpe económico del cierre de las economías nacionales. Los posteriores déficits presupuestarios plantean la cuestión de cómo pagarán los gobiernos los cost... | es |
pair_34230842 | In this article, we examine public perceptions of the importance of different levels of government and of nongovernmental entities in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. By analyzing the case of COVID-19, we illuminate patterns that may be helpful for understanding public perceptions of the response to a broader range... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本文中，我们分析了公众如何感知各级政府和非政府实体在响应新冠肺炎（COVID‐19）大流行一事中的重要性。通过分析COVID‐19案例，我们希望阐明不同模式，这些模式可能有助于理解公众如何感知更广范围的危机响应，包括飓风、龙卷风、地震、野火、以及其他灾害产生的影响。针对公众如何感知政府对危机的响应，我们对相关的公共政策文献作贡献，并对非国家行动者发挥的作用进行考量。基于一项包括德克萨斯州1200名登记选民的代表性调查，我们发现，个体更有可能将政府（而不是非国家行动者）视为极为重要的大流行响应者。我们发现，关于国家和非国家行动者发挥的作用的感知受风险感知、政治意识形态和宗教、性别、以及种族/族群性的影响。我们未发现证据证明COVID‐... | zh-cn |
pair_34230842 | In this article, we examine public perceptions of the importance of different levels of government and of nongovernmental entities in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. By analyzing the case of COVID-19, we illuminate patterns that may be helpful for understanding public perceptions of the response to a broader range... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | En este artículo, examinamos la percepción pública sobre la importancia de los diferentes niveles de gobierno y de las entidades no gubernamentales en la respuesta a la pandemia de COVID‐19. Al analizar el caso de COVID‐19, esperamos resaltar patrones que podrían ser útiles para comprender las percepciones públicas de ... | es |
pair_34230843 | Disasters are among the crises that can test the decision making skill of elected and appointed public officials from planning through response and recovery. The COVID-19 crisis, a public health emergency rather than one with immediate damage to the built environment, has affected many aspects of community life. Experi... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 在各类危机中，灾害能检验经过选举和任命的公共官员在规划、响应和恢复过程中的决策技能。新冠肺炎（COVID‐19）危机是一场公共卫生紧急事件，不是一次对建成环境造成直接损害的灾害，它已影响了社区生活的多个方面。大流行的响应经验将有可能激励全新的规划倡议，以应对公共卫生紧急事件。应急规划者则应如何处理规划和响应任务？全灾害管理模式（All‐Hazards approach）在过去40年里一直是研究和决策的支柱，但最近却遭到了批判。本文中，我们考量了全灾害管理模式是否仍然有效。通过将大流行的管理需求和“由更熟悉的灾害因素造成的灾害”的管理需求进行比较，我们的结论认为，全灾害管理模式仍然成立，并且能继续指导决策者进行灾害管理活动。. | zh-cn |
pair_34230843 | Disasters are among the crises that can test the decision making skill of elected and appointed public officials from planning through response and recovery. The COVID-19 crisis, a public health emergency rather than one with immediate damage to the built environment, has affected many aspects of community life. Experi... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Los desastres se encuentran entre las crisis que pueden poner a prueba la capacidad de toma de decisiones de los funcionarios públicos electos y designados desde la planificación hasta la respuesta y la recuperación. La crisis de COVID‐19, una emergencia de salud pública en lugar de una con daños inmediatos al entorno ... | es |
pair_34231886 | In this paper I discuss Jungian psychological work of the trauma and loss experienced in reaction to COVID-19 with a man who represents a clinical composite. The issues of precarity, a concept used by the philosopher Judith Butler, are combined with the notions of lack and absence of French psychoanalyst André Green. T... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | In questo articolo discuto il lavoro psicologico junghiano sul trauma e la perdita nell'esperienza del COVID-19 con un uomo che rappresenta un caso clinico composito. Il tema della precarietà, un concetto utilizzato dalla filosofa Judith Butler, è combinato con le nozioni di perdita e di assenza dello psicoanalista fra... | it |
pair_34231886 | In this paper I discuss Jungian psychological work of the trauma and loss experienced in reaction to COVID-19 with a man who represents a clinical composite. The issues of precarity, a concept used by the philosopher Judith Butler, are combined with the notions of lack and absence of French psychoanalyst André Green. T... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 文章讨论了对基于荣格心理流派, 对一位在新冠疫情中经历创伤和丧失的个案的工作, 这位个案是一个临床上的综合案例。关于动荡的话题, 来自哲学家Judith Butler 所提出的概念, 这一概念又融合了法国精神分析师André Green 关于匮乏的观念。动荡的心理与社会状况唤起了个体童年那些一直表现出来的议题。由新冠引发的孤独、隔离与死亡映射了面向全球疫情灾难所唤起的个体的与集体性的反应。他感到处于崩溃的边缘, 因为他感到他的世界要崩塌了, 而他没有能力应对。随之而来的透过虚拟的电脑屏幕进行的荣格式工作, 对于分析师和受分析者来说, 都是即繁重又滋养的。. | zh-cn |
pair_34231886 | In this paper I discuss Jungian psychological work of the trauma and loss experienced in reaction to COVID-19 with a man who represents a clinical composite. The issues of precarity, a concept used by the philosopher Judith Butler, are combined with the notions of lack and absence of French psychoanalyst André Green. T... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Dans cet article je discute le travail psychologique Jungien sur le traumatisme et la perte dont fait l’expérience un patient en réaction au COVID-19, patient qui représente un composite clinique. Les questions en lien avec la précarité, un concept utilisé par la philosophe Judith Butler, sont combinées avec les notion... | fr |
pair_34231886 | In this paper I discuss Jungian psychological work of the trauma and loss experienced in reaction to COVID-19 with a man who represents a clinical composite. The issues of precarity, a concept used by the philosopher Judith Butler, are combined with the notions of lack and absence of French psychoanalyst André Green. T... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | In diesem Artikel diskutiere ich die Jungianische psychologische Arbeit an Traumata und Verlusten, die als Reaktion auf COVID-19 eingetreten sind, mit einem Mann, der eine klinische Mischung verkörpert. Die Fragen der Unsicherheit (Prekaritaet), ein Konzept der Philosophin Judith Butler, werden mit den Vorstellungen vo... | de |
pair_34231886 | In this paper I discuss Jungian psychological work of the trauma and loss experienced in reaction to COVID-19 with a man who represents a clinical composite. The issues of precarity, a concept used by the philosopher Judith Butler, are combined with the notions of lack and absence of French psychoanalyst André Green. T... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | En el presente trabajo, describo el trabajo psicológico Junguiano, con un hombre que representa un compuesto clínico, acerca del trauma y la pérdida experimentada en reacción al COVID-19. Cuestiones de precariedad, un concepto utilizado por la filósofa Judith Butler, son combinadas con las nociones de falta y ausencia ... | es |
pair_34231886 | In this paper I discuss Jungian psychological work of the trauma and loss experienced in reaction to COVID-19 with a man who represents a clinical composite. The issues of precarity, a concept used by the philosopher Judith Butler, are combined with the notions of lack and absence of French psychoanalyst André Green. T... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | В этой статье я обсуждаю юнгианскую психологическую работу с травмой и утратой, пережитыми в связи с Ковид-19. Клиническим материалом послужила работа с мужчиной. Тема нестабильности - понятия, использованного философом Джудит Батлер, рассмотрена в сочетании с представлениями Андре Грина о дефиците и отсутствии. Психол... | ru |
pair_34231887 | In the current collective unrest, we and our analysands are living in real time and need vantage points from which to make meaning, as subjective experience of time is collapsing. For many analysands, the past is being relived in the present, with no imaginable future. During the time of COVID-19, dreams are providing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Nella attuale agitazione collettiva noi ed i nostri analizzandi viviamo un tempo reale ed abbiamo bisogno di punti di osservazione da cui dare significato poiché l'esperienza soggettiva del tempo sta collassando. Per molti degli analizzandi, il passato viene rivissuto nel presente e non c'è la possibilità di immaginare... | it |
pair_34231887 | In the current collective unrest, we and our analysands are living in real time and need vantage points from which to make meaning, as subjective experience of time is collapsing. For many analysands, the past is being relived in the present, with no imaginable future. During the time of COVID-19, dreams are providing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 在“真实”时刻和梦中的心理分析里处理创伤:新冠期间过去、现在和未来的聚会 在当下集体动荡的时期, 我们和我们的受分析者都活在实时之下, 需要有利的观点来帮我们获得意义感, 而与此同时, 主体关于时间的经验正在崩塌。对于许多受分析者来说, 过往在当下被再度体验, 没有可以被想象的未来。新冠期间, 梦提供了一个有价值的机制, 用以处理永久的情感创伤, 在这之前, 这一创伤无法被置于某个背景之下去进行理解。梦的隐喻可以为分析性的框架提供一个供人游走的过渡性空间。这篇文章探索了来自受分析个案的多个梦, 用以描述个体如何以不同方式来概念化个人与集体的经验, 联结过去、现在和未来。文章还将探索当下境遇的感受和来自过往的未被处理的隐含记忆之间的平... | zh-cn |
pair_34231887 | In the current collective unrest, we and our analysands are living in real time and need vantage points from which to make meaning, as subjective experience of time is collapsing. For many analysands, the past is being relived in the present, with no imaginable future. During the time of COVID-19, dreams are providing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Dans l’agitation collective actuelle nous-même et nos analysants vivons en temps réel et avons besoin de postes d’observation à partir desquels nous pouvons trouver du sens, alors que notre expérience subjective du temps s’effondre. Pour beaucoup d’analysants le passé est revécu dans le présent et il n’est pas possible... | fr |
pair_34231887 | In the current collective unrest, we and our analysands are living in real time and need vantage points from which to make meaning, as subjective experience of time is collapsing. For many analysands, the past is being relived in the present, with no imaginable future. During the time of COVID-19, dreams are providing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | In den gegenwärtigen kollektiven Unruhen leben wir und unsere Analysanden in Echtzeit und brauchen Aussichtspunkte, von denen aus wir Sinn konstruieren können, da die subjektive Erfahrung der Zeit zusammenbricht. Für viele Analysanden wird die Vergangenheit in der Gegenwart wieder erlebt, ohne vorstellbare Zukunft. Wäh... | de |
pair_34231887 | In the current collective unrest, we and our analysands are living in real time and need vantage points from which to make meaning, as subjective experience of time is collapsing. For many analysands, the past is being relived in the present, with no imaginable future. During the time of COVID-19, dreams are providing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | En el malestar colectivo actual nosotros y nuestros analizandos estamos viviendo en tiempo real y necesitamos puntos de vista desde los cuales crear sentido, a medida que la experiencia subjetiva del tiempo está colapsando. Para muchos analizandos, el pasado está siendo revivido en el presente, con un futuro inimaginab... | es |
pair_34231887 | In the current collective unrest, we and our analysands are living in real time and need vantage points from which to make meaning, as subjective experience of time is collapsing. For many analysands, the past is being relived in the present, with no imaginable future. During the time of COVID-19, dreams are providing ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | В текущих коллективных беспорядках и беспокойстве мы и наши анализанды живем в реальном времени и нуждаемся в точках зрения, которые помогут придать смысл происходящему, поскольку субъективное переживание времени рушится. Для многих анализандов прошлое переживается заново в настоящем, без возможности вообразить будущее... | ru |
pair_34231888 | In the struggle with COVID-19, art offered a way to face the solitude of the lockdown. The focus of this paper is primarily on Caravaggio's painting The Seven Works of Mercy, with references to other paintings to amplify some aspects of the artist's approach to life and his uniqueness in the artistic landscape of his t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Nella lotta contro il COVID-19, l'arte ha offerto un modo per fronteggiare la solitudine del lockdown. Il focus di questo articolo è primariamente il dipinto di Caravaggio Le sette opere di misericordia, con riferimenti anche ad altri dipinti per amplificare alcuni aspetti dell'approccio dell'artista alla vita e la sua... | it |
pair_34231888 | In the struggle with COVID-19, art offered a way to face the solitude of the lockdown. The focus of this paper is primarily on Caravaggio's painting The Seven Works of Mercy, with references to other paintings to amplify some aspects of the artist's approach to life and his uniqueness in the artistic landscape of his t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 艺术对生活的支持:卡拉瓦乔和瘟疫 在对抗新冠期间, 艺术提供了一种方式让我们面对封锁下的孤独。本文关注的是卡拉瓦乔的绘画“七善行”, 其中也关联到别的绘画, 用以放大艺术家生活取向的某些方面, 以及其作品所呈现的风格在他所处时代的独特性。黑暗是卡拉瓦乔对灵性真实探索的一部分, 通过进入他生命的故事, 透过他绘画中的想象表达来探索他所诉说的故事, 我们可能可以理解他探索祖先的黑暗的过程。作者用她的意象来反思艺术如何帮助人们接触到那些当下被疫情所唤起的, 埋藏于无意识中的巨大恐惧。对这一绘画的反思, 帮助那些与当下黑暗有关的情绪的呈现, 发现了共情和善行可以提供一种方法来应对疫情。这一取向要求对现实有不同的理解, 卡拉瓦乔黑暗的创造性世... | zh-cn |
pair_34231888 | In the struggle with COVID-19, art offered a way to face the solitude of the lockdown. The focus of this paper is primarily on Caravaggio's painting The Seven Works of Mercy, with references to other paintings to amplify some aspects of the artist's approach to life and his uniqueness in the artistic landscape of his t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Dans la bataille avec la COVID-19, l’art a offert une manière de faire face à la solitude du confinement. L’accent de cet article vient principalement du tableau du Caravage Les sept œuvres de miséricorde, avec des références à d’autres tableaux pour amplifier certains aspects de l’approche de l’artiste et sa singulari... | fr |
pair_34231888 | In the struggle with COVID-19, art offered a way to face the solitude of the lockdown. The focus of this paper is primarily on Caravaggio's painting The Seven Works of Mercy, with references to other paintings to amplify some aspects of the artist's approach to life and his uniqueness in the artistic landscape of his t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Im Kampf mit COVID-19 bot die Kunst einen Weg, sich der Einsamkeit des Lockdowns zu stellen. Der Schwerpunkt dieses Beitrages liegt hauptsächlich auf Caravaggios Gemälde Die sieben Werke der Barmherzigkeit, wobei auf andere Gemälde verwiesen wird, um einige Aspekte der Lebenseinstellung des Künstlers und seiner Einziga... | de |
pair_34231888 | In the struggle with COVID-19, art offered a way to face the solitude of the lockdown. The focus of this paper is primarily on Caravaggio's painting The Seven Works of Mercy, with references to other paintings to amplify some aspects of the artist's approach to life and his uniqueness in the artistic landscape of his t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | En la lucha con el COVID-19, el arte ofreció una vía para enfrentar la soledad del confinamiento. El foco del presente trabajo es principalmente la pintura Siete obras de Misericordia, de Caravaggio, con referencias a otras pinturas para amplificar algunos aspectos del acercamiento del artista a la vida, y su singulari... | es |
pair_34231888 | In the struggle with COVID-19, art offered a way to face the solitude of the lockdown. The focus of this paper is primarily on Caravaggio's painting The Seven Works of Mercy, with references to other paintings to amplify some aspects of the artist's approach to life and his uniqueness in the artistic landscape of his t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | В борьбе с Ковид-19 искусство предложило способ пережить уединение в локдауне. В центре внимания этой статьи - картина Караваджо «Семь деяний милосердия», также упоминаются другие картины с целью амплификации некоторых аспектов подхода художника к жизни и его уникальности в творческой среде того времени. Тьма была част... | ru |
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