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pair_24416666
During screening for enrollment in a clinical trial, we noticed potential racial disparities in metabolic syndrome variables in women who responded to our study advertisement. We designed a nested observational study to investigate whether metabolic syndrome variables differed between non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispan...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景:在甄选临床试验中的注册 人员过程中,我们从回应了我们 的研究宣传的妇女中,注意到代 谢综合症在变量上的潜在种族差 异。我们设计了一种巢式观察研 究,调查代谢综合征的变量在非 西班牙裔黑人与非西班牙裔白人 之间是否有所不同。方法:该人群包括满足了初步临 床试验条件的妇女(身体质量指 数 [BMI] 25-45,年龄 20-75 岁, 且不使用降脂药物或补品)。这 些妇女(包括 116 名黑人和 138 名白人)提供了空腹血样以供进 行血清血脂分析。方法:该人群包括满足了初步临床试 验条件的妇女(身体质量指数 [BMI] 25-45,年龄 20-75 岁,且不使用降 脂药物或补品)。这些妇女(包括 116 名黑人和 138 名白人...
zh-cn
pair_24416666
During screening for enrollment in a clinical trial, we noticed potential racial disparities in metabolic syndrome variables in women who responded to our study advertisement. We designed a nested observational study to investigate whether metabolic syndrome variables differed between non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispan...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Durante la selección para la inscripción en un ensayo clínico, observamos posibles diferencias raciales en las variables del síndrome metabólico en las mujeres que respondieron a nuestro anuncio del estudio. Diseñamos un estudio observacional anidado para investigar si las variables del síndrome metabólico diferían ent...
es
pair_24416670
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are prevalent chronic diseases from which military personnel are not exempt. While many genetic markers for these diseases have been identified, the clinical utility of genetic risk testing for multifactorial diseases such as these has not been established. The nee...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景: 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 及冠心 病 (CHD) 是军人普遍不能幸免的 慢性疾病。虽然已经确定这些疾 病的许多遗传标记,但尚未确立 对这些多因性疾病进行遗传风险 检测的临床应用。同时,尚未探 索进行行为干预(如在 T2D 或 CHD 风险咨询干预之后进行健康辅 导)的必要。我们在此提出对现 役美国空军 (AF) 退休人员和受益 者的遗传风险检测和健康辅导的 临床应用进行评估的理论依据、 设计和方案。主要研究目标:将健康辅导和提 供遗传风险信息加入 CHD 和 T2D 健康行为和临床风险标记的标准 风险咨询中,确定其直接和相互 影响。设计: 4 组(2 X 2 阶乘)随机 对照试验。环境: 美国西海岸的两处 AF 基 础护理临...
zh-cn
pair_24416670
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are prevalent chronic diseases from which military personnel are not exempt. While many genetic markers for these diseases have been identified, the clinical utility of genetic risk testing for multifactorial diseases such as these has not been established. The nee...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La diabetes de tipo 2 (DT2) y las cardiopatías coronarias (CC) constituyen enfermedades crónicas muy extendidas de las cuales no está exento el personal militar. Aunque se han encontrado numerosos marcadores genéticos para estas enfermedades, aún se desconoce la utilidad clínica de las pruebas de riesgo genético para e...
es
pair_24416671
Health coaching is a client-centric process to increase motivation and self-efficacy that supports sustainable lifestyle behavior changes and active management of health conditions. This study describes an intervention offered as a benefit to health plan members and examines health and behavioral outcomes of participan...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景: 健康辅导是一个以患者为 中心的流程,用以提高积极性和 自我效能,并支持可持续的生活 方式行为改变和积极的病症管 理。本研究将介绍一种对健康计 划成员有益处的干预方法,并剖 析参与者的健康和行为结果。方法:邀请高风险的健康计划登 记者参与针对整个人及关注激励 健康行为变化的电话健康辅导干 预。在基线和计划完成时对自我 报告的生活方式行为、自感健 康、压力水平、生活质量、改变 愿意度及患者积极水平的结果进 行报告。回顾一下,该数据摘自 计划最初 2 年参与者的管理和健 康辅导记录。成效:114 615 名潜在候选人中不 到 7% 自我选择积极参与健康辅 导,慢性疾病负荷最高的患者参 与几率最大。6940 名积极参与者 中,108...
zh-cn
pair_24416671
Health coaching is a client-centric process to increase motivation and self-efficacy that supports sustainable lifestyle behavior changes and active management of health conditions. This study describes an intervention offered as a benefit to health plan members and examines health and behavioral outcomes of participan...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La formación sanitaria es un proceso centrado en el cliente que incrementa la motivación y la autoeficacia, lo que favorece cambios sostenibles en el estilo de vida y una gestión activa de las condiciones de salud. Este estudio describe una intervención ofrecida como ventaja social para los miembros de un plan de salud...
es
pair_24416672
Emerging healthcare delivery models suggest that patients benefit from being engaged in their care. Integrative health coaching (IHC) is designed to be a systematic, collaborative, and solution-focused process that facilitates the enhancement of life experience and goal attainment regarding health, but little research ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
新兴的医疗服务模型表明,参与 自身护理对患者有益。综合健康 辅导 (IHC) 是一个系统化、协作 性、且专注于解决方案的流程, 它有利于提升生活体验和实现健 康目标,但鲜有研究对健康辅导 流程中产生赋能的机制进行说 明。本定性研究旨在说明 IHC 中 实际发生的赋能流程的明显关键 组成部分。从登记一项比较两种 不同的减重保持方法的随机对照 研究的 12 名参与者中抽取一份 载有 69 次健康辅导疗程记录的 样本。两名研究人员对疗程的文 字记录进行编码,关注疗程结构 和教练采取的沟通策略。确定了 辅导疗程的三个基本部分,找出 了所采取的沟通策略的两大主 题:探索参与者的经历和积极干 预方法。IHC 健康教练不会根据 患者表现出来的问题...
zh-cn
pair_24416672
Emerging healthcare delivery models suggest that patients benefit from being engaged in their care. Integrative health coaching (IHC) is designed to be a systematic, collaborative, and solution-focused process that facilitates the enhancement of life experience and goal attainment regarding health, but little research ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Los modelos emergentes en cuanto a la prestación de atención sanitaria indican que los pacientes se benefician de la participación en su propio cuidado. La formación sanitaria integral (FSI) está diseñada para ser un proceso sistemático, colaborativo y centrado en la búsqueda de soluciones que facilite la mejora de la ...
es
pair_24416673
Health coaching (HC) is a process holding tremendous potential as a complementary medical intervention to shape healthy behavior change and affect rates of chronic lifestyle diseases. Empirical knowledge of effectiveness for the HC process, however, is lacking. The purposes of this paper are to present the study protoc...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
健康辅导研究:Ithaca 辅导项 目、研究设计及未来方向 作为一种补充医疗干预方法,健 康辅导 (HC) 流程拥有巨大潜 力,可促使健康行为改变并降低 慢性疾病患病率。但缺少有关 HC 流程有效性的经验知识。本 文旨在介绍 Ithaca 辅导项目的 研究方案,同时还就研究设计、 方法问题、HC 研究方向进行讨 论。这是首批考察 HC 基础预防 及其对员工群体的身体和情感健 康状况影响的大型随机对照试验 之一。该项目的另外一个目的是 研究自我决定理论作为辅导流程 的理论框架。作为校园健康倡议 的一部分,招募(n ≥ 300 名) 参与者,并将其随机分配至三个 等级的以患者为中心 HC之一或 标准健康计划护理对照组。重复 协方差测量分...
zh-cn
pair_24416673
Health coaching (HC) is a process holding tremendous potential as a complementary medical intervention to shape healthy behavior change and affect rates of chronic lifestyle diseases. Empirical knowledge of effectiveness for the HC process, however, is lacking. The purposes of this paper are to present the study protoc...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La formación sanitaria (FS) es un proceso que posee un enorme potencial como intervención médica complementaria para lograr un cambio conductual saludable y reducir los índices de enfermedades crónicas. Sin embargo, se carece de conocimientos empíricos acerca de la eficacia del proceso de la FS. La finalidad de este ar...
es
pair_24416675
Twelve individuals (four homeless, two formerly homeless, and six low-income) received 12 weeks of free health coaching, an intervention normally undertaken by clients who pay $40 to $200 out of pocket for coaching services. The health coaching relationships were conducted with protocols developed for managing executiv...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
共有十二名人士(四名无家可归 者、两名曾经无家可归者以及六名 低收入者)接受了为期 12 周的免 费健康辅导,而正式接受干预的患 者须就辅导服务自行支付 40 至 200 美元。在一家财富 100 强企业 中,就管理层健康状况制定了方案 并依之开展健康辅导。建立这种实 验性模式,是为了探究在与边缘化 和得不到完善服务之社 群就改变和可能性进行辅导谈话时 会发生什么情况,因为该等社区通 常会与法律、健康护理和社会服务 方面的主管当局发生截然不同的互 动情况。该项目的第 1 阶段是从整 个旧金山的街道站点和一家临时收 容所中招募无家可归的人士。该项 目的第 2 阶段是与住在补贴住房综 合设施中的低收入和曾经无家可归 的人士合作。在辅导接...
zh-cn
pair_24416675
Twelve individuals (four homeless, two formerly homeless, and six low-income) received 12 weeks of free health coaching, an intervention normally undertaken by clients who pay $40 to $200 out of pocket for coaching services. The health coaching relationships were conducted with protocols developed for managing executiv...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Doce individuos (cuatro indigentes, dos exindigentes y seis personas con ingresos bajos) recibieron formación sanitaria gratuita durante 12 semanas, intervención en la que normalmente se inscriben clientes que desembolsan entre 40 y 200 dólares por los servicios de formación. Las relaciones de formación sanitaria se es...
es
pair_24416678
There is great need for cost effective approaches to increase patient engagement and improve health and well-being. Health and wellness coaching has recently demonstrated great promise, but the majority of studies to date have focused on individual coaching (ie, one coach with one client). Newer initiatives are bringin...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
迫切需要使用具成本效益的方法 提高患者参与及改善他们的医疗 和健康。近来医疗与健康辅导已 显示出广阔的前景,但大多数研 究都关注个性化辅导(即教练对 患者进行一对一辅导)。新举措 正把集体辅导模式从企业领导力 发展和教育设施带到医疗领域。 集体方法有可能为更多患者增加 具成本效益的途径,并能带来集 体支持的额外优势。本文着重介 绍了目前美国采取的一些集体辅 导方法。本概述中包含的集体辅 导干预方法由各学术和私营机构 提供,且由受过专业训练的医疗 和健康教练及受过训练的同侪教 练进行电话和亲身辅导。总结了 这些努力的优势和挑战以及应对 这些挑战的建议。提出了“集体 医疗和健康辅导”的工作定义, 并提供了研究和集体教练培训的 未来重要举...
zh-cn
pair_24416678
There is great need for cost effective approaches to increase patient engagement and improve health and well-being. Health and wellness coaching has recently demonstrated great promise, but the majority of studies to date have focused on individual coaching (ie, one coach with one client). Newer initiatives are bringin...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Existe una gran necesidad de planteamientos económicamente rentables que incrementen el compromiso de los pacientes, y mejoren su salud y su bienestar. La formación de salud y bienestar ha demostrado recientemente ser muy prometedora, pero la mayoría de los estudios realizados hasta la fecha se han centrado en la forma...
es
pair_24416683
As rates of preventable chronic diseases and associated costs continue to rise, there has been increasing focus on strategies to support behavior change in healthcare. Health coaching and motivational interviewing are synergistic but distinct approaches that can be effectively employed to achieve this end. However, the...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
随着可预防性慢性疾病的发生 率和相关成本的持续上升,人 们越来越关注支持医疗护理中 行为改变的策略。健康辅导和 激励性面谈是相辅相成但截然 不同的方法,可有效加以利用 以取得最终成果。然而,人们 对这两种方法之间的关系存在 字面上的些许困惑。本综述的 目的是为了描述健康辅导的具 体方式,即综合健康辅导和激 励性面谈,包括两者的起源、 程序和采用的策略,以及两者 相似和不同的方面。我们亦将 提供一个如何应用综合健康辅 导和激励性面谈的病例示例, 展示这两种方法在实践中是如 何相辅相成而又截然不同的。 对调查或使用行为变化干预以 改善慢性疾病健康和成本结果 感兴趣的研究人员和临床医生 而言,此信息将会大有作用。
zh-cn
pair_24416683
As rates of preventable chronic diseases and associated costs continue to rise, there has been increasing focus on strategies to support behavior change in healthcare. Health coaching and motivational interviewing are synergistic but distinct approaches that can be effectively employed to achieve this end. However, the...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Dado que los índices de las enfermedades crónicas evitables y los costes asociados siguen aumentando, se ha hecho cada vez más hincapié en las estrategias que respaldan un cambio conductual en la asistencia sanitaria. La formación de salud y las entrevistas motivacionales son sinérgicas, pero se pueden emplear de forma...
es
pair_24416684
Review the operational definitions of health and wellness coaching as published in the peer-reviewed medical literature. As global rates of preventable chronic diseases have reached epidemic proportions, there has been an increased focus on strategies to improve health behaviors and associated outcomes. One such strate...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
主要目标: 审查同行评审的医 疗文献中所发布医疗和健康辅导 的操作性定义。方法: 在系统性审查和 Meta 分析首选报告项目 (PRIMSA) 指 导下进行的医疗与健康辅导医学 文献的系统性审查,可编辑与辅 导干预指定功能和教练背景和培 训有关的数据。成效: 通过 PubMed 初步识别 出八百篇摘要,并最终纳入 284 篇全文文章,其中 多数 (76%) 为实证性文章。 文献指实施医 疗和健康辅导为完全或部分以患 者为中心 (86% 的文章)、包含 患者决定的目标 (71%)、合并自 我发现和积极学习流程(63%)(与 较为被动地接受建议相比)、鼓 励对行为负责 (86%)、 并配合 辅导流程向患者提供某种类型的 教育 (91%)...
zh-cn
pair_24416684
Review the operational definitions of health and wellness coaching as published in the peer-reviewed medical literature. As global rates of preventable chronic diseases have reached epidemic proportions, there has been an increased focus on strategies to improve health behaviors and associated outcomes. One such strate...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
revisar las definiciones operativas de la formación de salud y bienestar según las publicaciones en la literatura médica revisada por pares. Dado que que las tasas mundiales de enfermedades crónicas evitables han alcanzado proporciones epidémicas, se ha hecho cada vez más hincapié en las estrategias para mejorar las co...
es
pair_24416690
The Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health (BIRCWH) program is a mentored institutional research career development program developed to support and foster the interdisciplinary research careers of men and women junior faculty in women's health and sex/gender factors. The number of scholars who a...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景: 开创女性健康的跨学科研究事业 (Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health, BIRCWH) 计划是一项指导式的机构研究事业发展计划,旨在支持和促进男性和女性初级研究工作者在女性健康和两性/性别因素领域的跨学科研究事业。申请并获得国立卫生研究院 (National Institutes of Health, NIH) 研究或事业发展经费的学者人数,即为一项衡量BIRCWH 计划是否成功达到目标的近似指标。主要研究目标: 提供与学者表现的衡量标准相关的描述性数据- NIH经费申请和资助率。方法/设计: 如果经费申请开始日期是在学者 BIRCWH 开...
zh-cn
pair_24416690
The Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health (BIRCWH) program is a mentored institutional research career development program developed to support and foster the interdisciplinary research careers of men and women junior faculty in women's health and sex/gender factors. The number of scholars who a...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
El programa Creación de Carreras de Investigación Interdisciplinaria sobre la Salud de las Mujeres (Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health, BIRCWH) es un programa tutorizado de desarrollo de carreras de investigadores institucionales desarrollado para apoyar y fomentar entre los miembros más jóve...
es
pair_24416691
Healthcare organizations have invested in electronic patient data systems, yet use of health data to optimize personalized care has been limited. To develop and pilot an integrated source of health system data related to breast healthcare. This study is a quality improvement project. Patient-level data from multiple in...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景: 医疗护理组织已经在电子患者数据系统方面进行了大量投入,但将健康数据用于完善个性化护理却一直受限。主要研究目标:建立一个与乳房医疗护理相关的健康系统数据综合性来源,并进行试点试验。方法/设计: 本研究是一个品质提升项目。我们对来自于多个内部来源的患者数据进行识别、将其映射到一个普通的数据模型上、进行连接和验证,进而创建一个乳房医疗护理专用的数据集市。连接是基于匹配运算法则进行的,即将采用患者识别码的运算法则与来自同一患者的分类数据进行匹配。 使数据定义,数据字典以及品质和基准测试指标与标准化衡量指标保持一致。最后,制定临床路径,概述具体条件下的患者群体、数据元素、决策点和结果。环境:电子数据源位于美国境内一个基于社区的健康系统...
zh-cn
pair_24416691
Healthcare organizations have invested in electronic patient data systems, yet use of health data to optimize personalized care has been limited. To develop and pilot an integrated source of health system data related to breast healthcare. This study is a quality improvement project. Patient-level data from multiple in...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Las organizaciones sanitarias han invertido en sistemas electrónicos de datos de pacientes, pero el uso de los datos de salud para optimizar la atención personalizada ha sido limitado. Desarrollar y poner a prueba una fuente integrada de datos del sistema de salud relacionados con el cuidado médico del pecho. Este estu...
es
pair_24416692
A case report is a narrative that describes, for medical, scientific, or educational purposes, a medical problem experienced by one or more patients. Case reports written without guidance from reporting standards are insufficiently rigorous to guide clinical practice or to inform clinical study design. Develop, dissemi...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景:病例报告是一种出于医疗、科学或教育目的,而对一名或多名患者所遇到的医疗问题进行描述的记叙文。在无报告标准指导的情况下编写的案例报告是不够严谨的,无法指导临床实践或报告临床研究设计。主要目标:制定、传播和推行适用于病例报告的系统性报告指引。方法:我们采用的是一个由三个阶段组成的共识形成过程,其中包括(1) 在会议之前审核文字材料并进行口头审查,以生成适用于报告指引的条目,(2)召开面对面的共识会议,起草报告指引,和 (3)在会议之后进行反馈、审核和试点测试,然后完成病例报告指引。结果:此共识形成过程涉及 27 名参与者并产生了一个包含 13 个条目的清单-案例报告的报告指引。该清单的主要条目有标题、关键字、摘要、简介、患者信息、...
zh-cn
pair_24416692
A case report is a narrative that describes, for medical, scientific, or educational purposes, a medical problem experienced by one or more patients. Case reports written without guidance from reporting standards are insufficiently rigorous to guide clinical practice or to inform clinical study design. Develop, dissemi...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Un informe de caso es una narración que describe, con un objetivo médico, científico o educativo, un problema médico experimentado por uno o más pacientes. Los informes de caso redactados sin la orientación de normas de elaboración de informes no son suficientemente rigurosos para guiar la práctica clínica ni para serv...
es
pair_24416695
Women's health encompasses a continuum of biological, psychological, and social challenges that differ considerably from those of men. Despite the remarkable advances in science, women's health and sex differences research is slowly gaining recognition and acceptance. It is important that women's health gain attention as...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
女性健康围绕着一个由生物、心理和社会挑战组成的连续统一体,而该等挑战与男性所面临的挑战有很大区别。尽管我们在科学上已经取得了非凡的进展,但女性健康和两性差异研究却还在逐步获得认可和接受。关注女性健康至关重要,因为女性通常担负着守护家人健康的重任。女性健康和健康结果受两性和性别差异以及地域的强烈影响。在全世界范围内,生物学与文化之间的相互作用造成了男性健康与女性健康的差异,而这却在很大程度上被人们所忽视。WHISK 试点项目是一个多学科项目,旨在提高医疗护理专业人士对女性健康和研究方面的两性和性别差异的意识,并采用戏剧性的表达和创造性的艺术来解释两性差异知识,增强对两性差异的理解和提高对两性差异的意识。本项目的发现清楚表明,医疗护理专...
zh-cn
pair_24416695
Women's health encompasses a continuum of biological, psychological, and social challenges that differ considerably from those of men. Despite the remarkable advances in science, women's health and sex differences research is slowly gaining recognition and acceptance. It is important that women's health gain attention as...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La salud de las mujeres abarca un continuo de retos biológicos, psicológicos y sociales que difieren considerablemente de los de los hombres. Pese a los notables avances de la ciencia, la investigación sobre la salud de las mujeres y las diferencias entre sexos va obteniendo reconocimiento y aceptación con mucha lentit...
es
pair_24416697
Immigrant women of Mexican birth face unique health challenges in the United States. They are at increased risk for developing many preventable health conditions due in part to limited access to healthcare and benefits, legal status, and inadequate income. Increased vulnerability of women has established a growing need...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
在美国,墨西哥出生的女性移民面临着独特的健康挑战。她们面临着罹患多种可预防性病症的高风险,部分原因是其所获的医疗护理和福利有限、不合法身份和收入不足。这些女性患病的风险增加,加之其所扮演的角色、所处的地位以及对家庭的影响,使得关注其医疗护理需求的呼声越来越高。本文旨在审查生活在美国的墨西哥出生女性的健康状况影响因素,以及《平价医疗法案》对该人群的政策含义。墨西哥出生女性是美国境内最大的女性移民群体。因此,她们在需要获得健康保险承保的这一群体中,占有最大的比例。因而也就需要有相应文化和语言方面的医疗护理服务和具有文化敏感性的服务提供者。
zh-cn
pair_24416697
Immigrant women of Mexican birth face unique health challenges in the United States. They are at increased risk for developing many preventable health conditions due in part to limited access to healthcare and benefits, legal status, and inadequate income. Increased vulnerability of women has established a growing need...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Las mujeres inmigrantes originarias de México se enfrentan en los Estados Unidos a problemas sanitarios únicos. Corren un alto riesgo de desarrollar muchas patologías prevenibles, en parte debido a su acceso limitado a atención y prestaciones sanitarias, a su estatus legal y a sus ingresos insuficientes. La mayor vulne...
es
pair_24416696
The urinary tract is a common site of infection in humans. During pregnancy, urinary tract infection (UTI) is associated with increased risks of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, even when the infection is asymptomatic. By mapping available rates of UTI in pregnancy across different populations, we emphasi...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
尿路是人体中的常见感染部位。在怀孕期间,尿道感染 (urinary tract infection, UTI)与孕产妇和新生儿发病率和死亡率的高风险有关,即使该感染并无临床症状。我们针对不同人群怀孕期间的 UTI 发病率作图,突出强调了这一具有全球显著性的问题。在许多早产率和新生儿死亡率高企的国家中,怀孕期 UTI 患病率也超过较发达国家的患病率。一项 UTI 病因学整体分析发现,病因既包括人们所熟知的因素,也包含多项新出现的威胁。对 UTI 的筛选和治疗已经提高了多个较发达国家的出生结果,并且有可能改善全世界孕产妇和新生儿的健康状况。然而,在资源贫乏的环境中推行该等筛选和治疗,必须克服种种困难。我们回顾了在筛选和治疗过程每个步骤所...
zh-cn
pair_24416696
The urinary tract is a common site of infection in humans. During pregnancy, urinary tract infection (UTI) is associated with increased risks of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, even when the infection is asymptomatic. By mapping available rates of UTI in pregnancy across different populations, we emphasi...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
El tracto urinario es un lugar frecuente de infección en los seres humanos. Durante el embarazo, la infección del tracto urinario (ITU) va asociada a un aumento del riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad maternas y neonatales, incluso cuando la infección es asintomática. Al trazar un mapa de los índices disponibles de ITU d...
es
pair_24416698
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer among women in the United States, costing the healthcare system, employers, and society billions of dollars each year. Despite improvements in screening and treatment, significant breast cancer treatment and survivorship disparities exist among various groups of women. One v...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
乳腺癌是美国女性罹患癌症的主要原因,每年要花费医疗护理系统、雇主和社会数十亿美元的资金。尽管在筛选和治疗方面均有所改善,但在乳腺癌治疗和存活方面,不同的女性群体之间存在着显著的差异。在乳腺癌治疗差异的潜在影响因素之中,一项尚未得到人们广泛承认的可变因素即为就业。鉴于美国不断变化且趋向于低薪就业的经济和就业趋势,这一点令人十分担忧。目前,在所有美国劳动者之中,有四分之一至三分之一的人被视作为穷忙族 (working poor),而其中女性占很大比例。低薪工作的特点(即带薪休假时间有限、最低的健康福利、工作时间不灵活和经济无法得到保障)可能会在诊断乳腺癌时更加突出。到目前为止,对于低薪工作所固有的工作条件可能会对穷忙族存活者接受指引建议...
zh-cn
pair_24416698
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer among women in the United States, costing the healthcare system, employers, and society billions of dollars each year. Despite improvements in screening and treatment, significant breast cancer treatment and survivorship disparities exist among various groups of women. One v...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
El cáncer de mama es la principal causa de cáncer entre la mujeres en los Estados Unidos, que cuesta al sistema sanitario, a los empleadores y a la sociedad miles de millones de dólares cada año. A pesar de las mejoras en cuanto a detección y tratamiento, existen importantes desigualdades en el tratamiento del cáncer d...
es
pair_24416700
Life expectancy for US women lags behind that for women in other countries. Factors contributing to inequitable health for women are complex and include policy, community, healthcare access, and the interaction between the patient and her healthcare provider working within the healthcare system. We propose a societal p...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
美国女性的平均寿命低于其它国家女性。造成这种不公平女性健康状况的因素很复杂,其中包括政策、社区、医疗护理获取途径以及患者与其在医疗护理系统中工作的医疗护理提供者之间的互动。我们提出了一个社会健康金字塔模型,通过列举吸烟和肥胖这两个导致美国女性罹患慢性疾病和死亡的最重要但可改变的风险因素,说明了该等差异因素的效应以及它们对疾病预防、筛选、诊断及管理的影响。
zh-cn
pair_24416700
Life expectancy for US women lags behind that for women in other countries. Factors contributing to inequitable health for women are complex and include policy, community, healthcare access, and the interaction between the patient and her healthcare provider working within the healthcare system. We propose a societal p...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La esperanza de vida de las mujeres de los Estados Unidos va por detrás de la de las mujeres de otros países. Los factores que contribuyen a las desigualdades en la salud de las mujeres son complejos e incluyen la política, la comunidad, el acceso a la atención médica y la interacción entre la paciente y su médico que ...
es
pair_24416701
Minority women and adolescent females of all races and ethnicities are disproportionately affected by unintended pregnancy in the United States. Adolescents also experience an additional proportion of the burden compared to other age groups, as 82% of pregnancies among women 19 years old and younger are unintended. More...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
在美国,所有人种和种族的未成年和青春期女性都在不同程度上受到意外怀孕的困扰。相较于其它年龄段群体,承受此种负担的青春期女性的比例更大,因为,在意外怀孕的女性中,有 82% 为 19 岁及以下的女性。此外,未成年和青春期妈妈还面临着早产、产下低出生体重儿和罹患其它并发症的高风险。在美国,意外怀孕一直是一个重要的公共卫生问题,通过施行计划生育来加以预防迫在眉睫。本评论对美国未成年和青春期女性意外怀孕的人口统计资料进行了概述,并肯定了当前和过去在通过避孕和计划生育计划减少意外怀孕方面,特别是减少未成年和青春期女性意外怀孕方面,所做出的努力尝试。
zh-cn
pair_24416701
Minority women and adolescent females of all races and ethnicities are disproportionately affected by unintended pregnancy in the United States. Adolescents also experience an additional proportion of the burden compared to other age groups, as 82% of pregnancies among women 19 years old and younger are unintended. More...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Las mujeres pertenecientes a minorías y las adolescentes de todas las razas y etnias resultan afectadas de manera desproporcionada por los embarazos no deseados en los Estados Unidos. Las adolescentes experimentan también una proporción adicional de la carga en comparación con otros grupos de edad, ya que el 82 % de lo...
es
pair_24416702
Women and adolescent girls bear a significant burden of the global HIV pandemic. Both behavioral and biomedical prevention approaches have been shown to be effective. In order to foster the most effective combination HIV-prevention approaches for women and girls, it is imperative to understand the unique biological, so...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景:女性和青春期少女承受着全球 HIV 大流行所带来的显著压力。行为预防方法和生物医学预防方法都已显露出其有效性。为了建立起对女性和少女来说最为有效的HIV 组合预防方法,当务之急是了解提高该人群 HIV 易感性的独特生物、社会和结构考量因素。主要研究目标: 本文的目的是针对适用于女性和青春期少女的个性化生物行为 HIV 预防提出几种新颖的观点。核心论点即为,我们必须超越 HIV 预防的单层次解决方案,制定出一整套多层次组合的综合性 HIV 预防措施,从而实现个性化的生物行为 HIV 预防。我们希望能够在研究人员、执业医生、教育工作者和政策制定者之间建立起跨国对话关系,以便将所提出的建议付诸实施。
zh-cn
pair_24416702
Women and adolescent girls bear a significant burden of the global HIV pandemic. Both behavioral and biomedical prevention approaches have been shown to be effective. In order to foster the most effective combination HIV-prevention approaches for women and girls, it is imperative to understand the unique biological, so...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Sobre las mujeres y las adolescentes recae una carga significativa de la pandemia del VIH. Se ha demostrado que son efectivos tanto los enfoques preventivos conductuales como los biomédicos. Con el fin de promover la combinación más efectiva de enfoques para la prevención del VIH en las mujeres y las adolescentes, resu...
es
pair_24416704
The gender ratio among children in the autism spectrum of more than four boys to every girl is widely recognized. The authors present an analysis of gender differences among 79 482 symptoms and strengths in 1495 boys and 336 girls aged 2 to 18 years from parent-identified autistic children reported to a structurally no...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
广泛认可的自闭症谱系患儿中的男女性别比例在四比一以上。通过一个名为 Autism360 的、由父母输入数据的新型结构型匿名在线数据库,获得父母认定的自闭症报告,作者们在 1495 名年龄在 2-18 岁之间的男孩和 336 名女孩中针对79482 项症状和优势进行了性别差异的分析。数据显示,这些差异提供了之前未被发现的线索,使人们发现了免疫、中枢神经系统和胃肠功能紊乱等方面的性别差异。与已经公布的关于男女两性在炎症、氧化应激和解毒作用方面的差异相结合,这些发现打开了性别生理学研究的大门,而这项研究正好为自闭症病因学提供了线索。本研究举例证明了一种以大型、详细、患者录入的结构化数据集为基础的研究方法,在该数据集中,个体病症和治疗的模式...
zh-cn
pair_24416704
The gender ratio among children in the autism spectrum of more than four boys to every girl is widely recognized. The authors present an analysis of gender differences among 79 482 symptoms and strengths in 1495 boys and 336 girls aged 2 to 18 years from parent-identified autistic children reported to a structurally no...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La proporción por sexos entre los niños del espectro autista, que es de más de cuatro niños por niña, es un dato ampliamente admitido. Los autores presentan un análisis de las diferencias por sexo en 79.482 síntomas y puntos fuertes en 1.495 niños y 336 niñas de edades comprendidas entre los 2 y los 18 años, datos proc...
es
pair_24416705
Anthroposophic medicine is an integrative multimodal treatment system based on a holistic understanding of man and nature and of disease and treatment. It builds on a concept of four levels of formative forces and on the model of a three-fold human constitution. Anthroposophic medicine is integrated with conventional m...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
人智医学是一种综合性的多模式治疗体系,它建立在对人类与大自然,以及对病症和治疗的整体理解之上。其基础为四层构成力概念和三重人体体质模型。在大型医院以及实际的医疗实践中,人智医学与传统医学是结合在一起使用的。它采用从植物、矿物和动物中提取的药物;采用艺术疗法、精神疗法和节律性按摩;采用咨询、心理治疗和特种护理技术,比如外用搽剂等。人智医疗由医生、治疗师和护士提供。一项卫生技术评估报告及其最近的更新文档列举了 265 项针对人智医学效用和效益的临床研究。其研究结果被阐述为这种疗法具有压倒性的正面优势。这些研究以及其他各种特定的安全性研究并没有发现其重大的风险,而是提示具有很好的耐受性。经济分析也发现它具有有利的成本构 成。人智医疗在患者...
zh-cn
pair_24416705
Anthroposophic medicine is an integrative multimodal treatment system based on a holistic understanding of man and nature and of disease and treatment. It builds on a concept of four levels of formative forces and on the model of a three-fold human constitution. Anthroposophic medicine is integrated with conventional m...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
La medicina antroposófica es un sistema de tratamiento multimodal integrador que se basa en un entendimiento holístico del hombre y la naturaleza, así como de la enfermedad y del tratamiento. Se desarrolla sobre un concepto de cuatro niveles de fuerzas formativas y sobre el modelo de una constitución humana en tres par...
es
pair_24416706
Autism has been classically defined by its behavioral symptoms. Traditional medical research has focused on genetic or intrinsic brain-based causes of autism. While both of these are important, additional research has focused on the underlying disordered biochemistry seen in many individuals with autism. Many of these ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
自闭症主要是根据其行为症状来定义的。传统医学研究主要集中在遗传或由内在的大脑问题导致的自闭症方面。而这两方面都非常重要,另外的研究则集中在许多自闭症个体身上都表现出的潜在的生物化学紊乱特征上。许多这些生物医学因素都有利于病症的治疗。本文将综述自闭症谱系障碍患者个体身上表现出的主要病理生理因素。
zh-cn
pair_24416706
Autism has been classically defined by its behavioral symptoms. Traditional medical research has focused on genetic or intrinsic brain-based causes of autism. While both of these are important, additional research has focused on the underlying disordered biochemistry seen in many individuals with autism. Many of these ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
El autismo se ha definido tradicionalmente por sus síntomas de comportamiento. La investigación médica tradicional se ha centrado en las causas genéticas o intrínsecas cerebrales del autismo. Aunque los dos puntos anteriores sean importantes, otras investigaciones se han centrado en los desórdenes bioquímicos subyacent...
es
pair_24416707
A medical essay written in 1923 pointed out the fallacy of blaming a chronic illness on the name of a disease. The focus of treatment should be the individual, not the disease. With a focus on options based on the individuality of each patient, I ask a simple two-part question: Does my patient need to avoid or be rid o...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
有一篇发表于1923 年的医学论文指出,将慢性病归类为疾病是一种错误的做法。因其治疗的重点应该是个体,而非疾病本身。基于每一位患者个性特征为着眼点的选择,我提出了一个简单的包含两部分的问题:我的病人在避开或摆脱某些物质以及/或获得某些可以使他们产生康复的自然冲动的物质方面是否存在着未被满足的需求?在我接受一名医师的学术训练期间,我认识到,临床上有效的立场与个人技术的客观应用——对听诊、开处方和观察结果加以有效结合,对实现乐观的目标非常有利。我对自闭症的理解是建立在一切生物体的个性特征、生命的周期以及显示健康系统的平衡的基础之上的。10 我检查的第一个自闭患儿给我留下了深刻的印象,这源于他传递给我的一条非口头信息:“我在这里;来看我。...
zh-cn
pair_24416707
A medical essay written in 1923 pointed out the fallacy of blaming a chronic illness on the name of a disease. The focus of treatment should be the individual, not the disease. With a focus on options based on the individuality of each patient, I ask a simple two-part question: Does my patient need to avoid or be rid o...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Un ensayo médico escrito en 1923 señalaba la falacia que suponía culpar al nombre de una enfermedad de la patología crónica que sufría el enfermo. El objetivo principal del tratamiento debe ser el individuo, no la enfermedad. Manteniendo el centro de atención en las opciones basadas en la individualidad de cada pacient...
es
pair_24416709
New approaches are needed to examine the diverse symptoms and comorbidities of the growing family of neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD originally was thought to be a static, inheritable neurodevelopmental disorder, and our understanding of it is undergoing a major shift. It is em...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
我们需要新的手段来检查不断扩大的神经发育障碍,即自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)家族各种各样的症状和并存病症。ASD 最初被认为是一种静态的、可遗传的神经发育障碍,而我们对它的理解和认识正经历着重大的转变。它最初表现为代谢和免疫动态系统的异常,其中涉及众多器官系统,包括大脑和环境暴露。针对 ASD 和相关病症患者最初阶段的详细观察和调查,以及他们的护理人员和家庭成员的历史记录情况都是非常宝贵的资料。胃肠道(GI)因素与 ASD 的关系目前尚不明确。虽然如此,许多 ASD 患者都有过抗生素暴露或住院治疗的经历、有胃肠道症状、反常的饮食冲动和独特的肠道细菌种群,这些都可能与不同的症状严重度有关。除了传统的科学调查,还需要进行详细的临床观察并做好...
zh-cn
pair_24416709
New approaches are needed to examine the diverse symptoms and comorbidities of the growing family of neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD originally was thought to be a static, inheritable neurodevelopmental disorder, and our understanding of it is undergoing a major shift. It is em...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Son necesarios nuevos enfoques que examinen los diversos síntomas y comorbilidades de la creciente familia de trastornos del desarrollo neurológico que reciben el nombre de trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). En sus comienzos se pensó que el TEA era un trastorno estático y hereditario del desarrollo neurológico, pero...
es
pair_26300595
Paul Bebbington's recent Special Article provides an excellent synthesis of recent advances in psychosocial research on psychosis. However, we doubt that a model based solely on social epidemiology and cognitive theory can totally describe psychosis, and to be fair, Bebbington does not suggest that it does. A complete ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
Paul Bebbington 最近发表的专题文章对精神病的社会心理学研究的最新进展做了一个极好的综述。然而,我们对一个仅仅基于社会流行病学和认知理论的模型可以完全描述精神病持有疑虑,并且公平地说,Bebbington 也不认为这个模型可以完全描述。一个完整的模型必须纳入我们从非社会流行病学、神经科学和遗传学中汲取的经验教训。有证据表明,Bebbington 感兴趣的社会风险因素,和诸如滥用兴奋剂和大麻之类的生物危险因素都可以通过纹状体多巴胺失调而激发精神病症状。在精神分裂症样精神病的病因学中,我们也需要考虑神经发育异常。此外,我们对精神病的遗传学理解上的惊人进展为研究探讨基因- 环境相关性和基因-环境相互作用打开一扇令人兴奋的大门...
zh-cn
pair_26300596
A recent network meta-analysis by Zhu and colleagues reported in the Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry compared two different comparators (psychological placebo and waitlist control) in trials assessing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). CBT wa...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
《上海精神医学》杂志最近刊登了一篇由朱智佩及其同事撰写的网状meta 分析文章。该meta 分析荟萃比较了采用两种不同的对照组(心理安慰剂组和等候治疗对照组)评估认知行为治疗(cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT) 对广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder, GAD) 疗效的研究。CBT 优于这两种对照,但心理安慰剂优于等候治疗。然而,我们认为“ 心理安慰剂” 一词不恰当,因为在CBT 研究中受试者不可能完全不知道治疗分配,所以研究不可能真正控制安慰剂效应。无法使受试者和治疗师双盲以及因此而产生的高偏倚风险正是朱智佩及其同事发现支持CBT 治疗GAD 有效的证据整体质量...
zh-cn
pair_26300597
Metacognitive training (MCT) is a novel group psychotherapy method for schizophrenia, but there is, as yet, no conclusive evidence of its efficacy. Conduct a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of MCT in schizophrenia. Electronic and hand searches were conducted to identify randomized controlled trials about the ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
元认知训练(metacognitive training, MCT)是一组全新的针对精神分裂症的心理治疗方法,但是到目前为止还没有确凿的证据证实其疗效。. 采用meta 分析评估MCT 治疗精神分裂症的有效性。. 使用电子检索和手工检索的方法筛查文献,从而识别出有关MCT 治疗精神分裂症疗效的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trials, RCT),这些RCT 都满足预先规定的纳入标准。本研究采用Cochrane 风险评估偏倚工具评估各种偏倚的风险性,并使用Cochrane Review Manager 5.3 版和R 3.1.1 版进行数据合成。. 54 项不重复报告中的10 项试验被纳入,但评估结果方法...
zh-cn
pair_26300598
The human brain is a complex network of regions that are structurally interconnected by white matter (WM) tracts. Schizophrenia (SZ) can be conceptualized as a disconnection syndrome characterized by widespread disconnections in WM pathways. To assess whether or not anatomical disconnections are associated with disrupt...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
人类大脑是由白质(WM) 束结构性互相连结的 复杂网络。精神分裂症(schizophrenia, SZ) 可以被概念 化为以WM 路径广泛断开为特征的中断综合征。. 评估解剖性断开是否与SZ 患者的大脑半球内与 大脑半球间的拓扑性质破坏有关。. 我们采集了24 例处于发病急性期的偏执型精 神分裂症男性患者和24 例与之年龄匹配的健康男性对 照组的弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging) 数据。 本研究构建了大脑的部分各向异性加权的(fractional anisotropy-weighted, FA-weighted) 结构网络, 并且通 过估计平均特征路径长度(characteristic path len...
zh-cn
pair_26300599
The 'Sunshine Soul Park' is a network of social welfare institutions that provides communitybased rehabilitation services for individuals with mental illness. Assess the effectiveness of the rehabilitation services provided at the 'Sunshine Soul Park' on the psychotic symptoms and social functioning of individuals with...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
“阳光心园”是社会福利机构网络,为精神疾 病患者提供以社区为基础的康复服务。. 评估“阳光心园”针对精神分裂症患者的精神 病性症状和社会功能提供的康复服务的有效性,并根 据这些发现得出基于社区的康复服务的理论模型。. 上海市黄浦区的60 名精神分裂症患者自愿在 六个“阳光心园”社区参加了由其社区中心提供的康 复训练计划,涉及日间治疗、用药监测、每两周一次 的康复训练、以及其它休闲、社交和智力活动。从黄 浦区“重性精神疾病预防与康复系统” 中登记注册的 精神分裂症患者中招募相匹配的对照组。所有的参与 者在随访的一年内保持原先的用药,不做更改。在基 线和登记注册后的第3 个、第6 个和第12 个月分别对 两组使用自知力与治疗态度问卷(I...
zh-cn
pair_26300600
Homelessness is an increasingly important problem for individuals with serious mental illness in China. Identify the characteristics of families that are associated with homelessness among individuals with schizophrenia. Participants were 1856 homeless individuals with schizophrenia (defined as those who had no place o...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
流浪行为逐渐成为中国严重精神疾病患者的一个重要问题。. 发现在精神分裂症患者中与流浪行为相关的家庭特征因素。. 本研究被试人员都来自湖南省湘潭市,包括1856例具有流浪行为的精神分裂症患者(其定义为连续7天没有地方居住或无照顾者)和1728例无流浪行为的精神分裂症患者。所有被试人员在急性精神病性症状得到缓解后,自行填写中文版家庭环境量表(Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version ,FES-CV)。. 与无流浪行为的患者相比,有流浪行为的患者更为年长,并且更可能不是本地人(即从湘潭以外的地方来的),更可能是农村居民(相对于城市),更可能是临时工(相对于固定职业),多为已婚,以及教育程度偏低。本研...
zh-cn
pair_26300601
Oligodendrogliomas may present with a variety of psychological symptoms but it only rarely presents with mania. The patient described in this case report is a 55-year-old man with a three year history of progressive mania who was initially diagnosed as chronic mania but a subsequent MRI identified a brain tumor. This r...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
少突神经胶质瘤病人可出现各种心理症状,但很少出现躁狂。本病例报告描述了一名55 岁的男性,具有三年攻击性躁狂症病史,该患者最初被诊断为慢性躁狂但随后的MRI 检查发现了脑肿瘤。本报告强调了在患者呈现非典型精神障碍表现时考虑不同器质性鉴别诊断的重要性。对发病年龄较晚的、对恰当的药物治疗没有反应的患者,应考虑脑部肿瘤并进行脑影像检查。. 本文全文中文版从2015年08月06日起在http://dx.doi.org/10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.215039可供免费阅览下载.
zh-cn
pair_26300602
Ketamine is an increasingly popular drug of abuse in China but there is currently no method for classifying the psychological effects of ketamine in individuals with ketamine dependence. Develop a scale that characterizes the acute and long-term psychological effects of ketamine use among persons with ketamine dependen...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
氯胺酮滥用在中国日渐增多,但目前还没有一个方法可以将氯胺酮对依赖个体的心理影响作用进行分类。. 编制能反映氯胺酮依赖人群中因该物质滥用所致的急性心理影响和长期心理影响的量表。. 我们编制了一个初步的症状清单,共有35个条目(“ 是” 或“ 否” 的二分法问题),内容是关于使用氯胺酮后即刻产生的主观感受以及氯胺酮滥用后感受到的长期作用。从中国广州市两个大医院招募氯胺酮依赖住院患者,共入组187例。随机选择一半的样本进行探索性因子分析(exploratory factor analysis, EFA),以精简条目并确定量表的基本结构。对另一半样本进行验证性因子分析(confirmatory factor analysis, CFA),以...
zh-cn
pair_26300603
This paper provides a brief overview of meta-analysis (MA) with emphasis on classical fixedeffects and random-effects MA models. It illustrates the application of MA models with the open-source software R using publicly available data from five studies on lamotrigine to treat bipolar depression and finds that meta-anal...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
本文对meta 分析(meta-analysis, MA)作了简要概述,并着重于经典的固定效应和随机效应MA模型。文章以综合分析5项使用拉莫三嗪治疗双相障碍抑郁发作的研究的公开数据为范例,介绍了MA模型的应用及免费软件R在meta分析中的使用方法,该meta分析证实拉莫三嗪的效果优于安慰剂,且有统计学显著性,而在单个的研究中此优势并不明显。. 本文全文中文版从2015 年08月06日起在http://dx.doi.org/10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.215063可供免费阅览下载.
zh-cn
pair_26302342
Lung cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence and mortality in numerous countries and regions. Establishing an appropriate animal model that can be used to simulate lung cancer etiology, pathogenesis, and similar processes, is urgent. We explore the feasibility of establishing a lung cancer model induced...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 肺癌在许多国家和地区已成为发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤,建立科学合适的肺癌动物模型,用以模拟出与人类肺癌的病因、发病机制、发展过程相似的动物模型是亟待解决的问题。通过宣威烟煤粉尘PM10(particulate matter with diameters of 10 μm or less, PM10)对树鼩支气管上皮的影响,探索建立宣威烟煤粉尘致肺癌模型的可行性。方法 健康成年树鼩,切开颈部皮肤,充分暴露甲状软骨,于甲状软骨上方薄弱处,采用特制灌注针行穿刺的方法进行气管内试剂灌注。定期行X线检查,观察肺部影像学改变,处死动物行肺组织病理检查,观察灌注后支气管上皮改变情况。结果 烟尘处理组树鼩灌注药物后1周内开始死亡,空白...
zh-cn
pair_26302343
Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), which targets EGFR, plays an important role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Patients with somatic activating mutations in the EGFR gene exhibit significant initial response but eventually develop resistance to TKI. The second mutati...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 以表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)为靶点的分子靶向治疗在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的治疗中发挥重要的作用。EGFR突变的患者对EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)治疗敏感、疗效显著,但无论近期疗效如何,患者最终都不可避免地产生耐药。大量研究证实,EGFR基因的二次突变(T790M)是患者耐药的主要原因。本研究旨在探讨电离辐射对NSCLC细胞株T790M突变所致EGFR-TKI耐药的影响。方法 选择NSCLC细胞株H1975和H325...
zh-cn
pair_26302344
Cisplatin is a standard first-line chemotherapeutic agents for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Unfortunately, the clinical application cisplatin is restricted because it induces serious adverse reaction. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence and probable mechanism of berberine on cisplatin...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 以顺铂为基础的化疗方案是晚期非小细胞肺癌的一线化疗方案,但是由于顺铂的不良反应严重及耐药性的产生均限制了它的临床应用,本研究采用联合用药的方式观察黄连素对顺铂抗肿瘤作用的影响,并探讨其可能机制。方法 分别观察黄连素对肺腺癌细胞A549细胞中总Cx43蛋白、细胞膜Cx43蛋白的表达以及细胞缝隙连接功能的改变,通过标准细胞集落克隆实验观察黄连素对顺铂细胞毒性的影响;并观察PKC激酶的表达。结果 黄连素在0 μM-10 μM浓度范围内对细胞无毒性,通过增加细胞内总Cx43蛋白和胞膜Cx43蛋白的表达而增强细胞缝隙连接功能,0.1 μM、1 μM、10 μM黄连素可以显著增强细胞间的荧光传递,与空白对照组相比,黄连素预处理后的细...
zh-cn
pair_26302347
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. The aim of this study is to observe the efficacy and safety of recombinant human vascular endostatin (endostar) durative transfusion combined with window period arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced lung squamous carcinoma. From Febr...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 肺癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,本研究旨在观察重组人血管内皮抑制素(恩度)静脉持续泵入联合窗口期动脉灌注化疗治疗晚期肺鳞癌患者的有效性及安全性。方法 2014年2月-2015 年1月10例经细胞学或组织学病理确诊的IIIb期-IV期的肺鳞癌患者采用持续静脉泵入重组人血管内皮抑制素联合窗口期动脉灌注化疗与10例同期住院接受单纯动脉灌注化疗的IIIb期-IV期的肺鳞癌患者比较,联合治疗组重组人血管内皮抑制素剂量均为30 mg/d,持续静脉泵入,d1-d7,在第4天血管正常化窗口期接受动脉灌注化疗,灌注化疗采用多西他赛联合顺铂化疗方案,单纯治疗组动脉灌注化疗方案同联合治疗组。每4周为1周期,连续治疗2个周期后4周行近期疗效评价...
zh-cn
pair_26302348
It has still been controversial to treat N2-IIIa non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by surgery or non-surgery. We retrospectively analysed the survival of 121 stage N2-IIIa NSCLC patients treated with surgery and explored their postoperatively long-term prognostic factors. All of 1,290 patients in Beijing Canc...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 N2-IIIa期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)手术抑或非手术仍存颇多争议。我们通过回顾性分析121例手术的N2-IIIa期NSCLC患者的生存,探讨N2-IIIa期NSCLC患者术后远期生存的因素。方法 选取北京大学肿瘤医院单医生组肺癌前瞻性数据库2000年1月-2013年6月共1,290例NSCLC手术患者,其中N2-IIIa期NSCLC患者121例。分析性别、年龄、吸烟、围手术期化疗、切口、病理、脉管癌栓、pT分期、肿瘤大小对N2-IIIa期患者生存的影响;比较单站N2与多站N2的生存差异;比较术中或术后病理N2者(IIIa1/a2)与治疗前N2者(IIIa3/a4...
zh-cn
pair_26302349
Post-operation management of minimally invasive thoracic surgery is similar to that of open surgery, especially on the drainage tube of the chest. The aim of this study is to compare the advantages of using 16 F versus 28 F chest tubes in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy of lung cancer. Data from 1...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 微创胸外科术后管理仍延用开放术后的方式,尤其是胸腔引流管的术后管理,本研究探讨胸腔镜(video-assisted thoracic surgery, VATS)肺叶切除术后应用胸腔引流管(16 F)对切口愈合延迟的影响,是否因引流管管径小而导致相关并发症的增多。方法 选取2014年2月-2014年5月四川大学华西医院连续收治的163例肺癌行VATS肺叶切除术,分别应用引流管28 F(75例)和16 F(88例),分析术后胸腔积气、积液、皮下气肿、引流管持续时间、术后住院日、术后引流管拆线时间和切口愈合率。结果 平均引流量和心律失常发生率在16 F组[(365±106) mL, 14.67%]明显低于28 F组[(665...
zh-cn
pair_26302351
Solitary fibrous tumor of pleura (SFTP) is uncommon, accounts for less than 5% of all pleural tumors. Pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is also not common, 80% of which often occurs in the main pulmonary trunk and peripheral PAA is rare. SFTP combined with PAA in one patient has not been reported. This paper reports a ca...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
胸膜孤立性纤维瘤,临床不多见,约占胸膜肿瘤的5%。肺动脉瘤临床亦不常见,80%位于主肺动脉,周围型较少。胸膜孤立性纤维瘤合并肺动脉瘤临床上尚未见报道。本文报道1例胸腔内巨大孤立性纤维瘤合并周围性肺动脉瘤的患者,其胸腔内的孤立性纤维瘤的生长可能加速了肺动脉瘤的形成和进展。.
zh-cn
pair_26302352
Neonatal teratomas, not common in clinical, are often some case reports, female more than male, most are benign. It can occur anywhere of body midline; sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common and the second most frequent site of extragonadal teratomas is mediastinum. Benign is more commom and malignant is very rarel...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
新生儿畸胎瘤临床上不多见,多为病例报道,女性多于男性,大多数为良性,可发生于身体中线的任何部位,骶尾部为最好发部位,纵隔是性腺以外的第二大好发部位。临床上新生儿畸胎瘤多为良性,恶性少见,外科完整切除是其主要治疗方式。本文报道1例新生儿畸胎瘤,其术后发生致死性膈神经麻痹。.
zh-cn
pair_26317040
Our perception of biodiversity in the geological past is incomplete and biased because most organisms did not have mineralized skeletons and therefore had little chance of fossilization. This especially refers to shallow-water marine environments, rarely represented by localities with exceptional preservation of fossil...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
以有软躯体保存而闻名的伯吉斯页岩型或澄江型化石生物群的发现,为我们打开了一扇全面认识地质历史中生物多样性的窗口。在湖北宜昌地区新发现的早奥陶世分乡生物群就是这样的一个窗口。该动物群包括了保存有肉茎结构的舌形贝类、最早的线虫生活痕迹、最早而可靠的水螅虫化石记录、最早的黑珊瑚化石记录、一种亲缘关系不明群体生物化石、节肢动物附肢化石和可疑的scalidophoran蠕虫胚胎化石等。同时新发现为若干无脊椎动物类群分子钟的标定提供了直接的化石证据。.
zh-cn
pair_25404266
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Approximately 15% of all histological types consist of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Chemotherapy is one of the major treatment method. Though the current first-line standard chemotherapy regimen for SCLC is active in most SCLC cases, however the dis...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 小细胞肺癌约占全部肺癌的15%,化疗是其主要的治疗方法之一,虽然早期对一线化疗方案敏感,但极易出现多药耐药而导致治疗失败。前期基因芯片发现SPHK1与小细胞肺癌的耐药性相关,本研究进一步探讨SPHK1在小细胞肺癌多药耐药中的作用。方法 首先通过QRT-PCR和Western blot从基因和蛋白水平检测化疗敏感细胞株H69及多药耐药细胞株H69AR中SPHK1的差异表达;转染siRNA下调H69AR细胞中的SPHK1的表达,通过CCK8检测细胞对各种化疗药物(ADM, DDP, VP-16)的敏感性变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期及凋亡的变化。同时收集小细胞肺癌化疗前组织和血液标本,将其分为化疗敏感组和耐药组,QRT-PCR...
zh-cn
pair_25404267
In the clinical treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the primary and acquired resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) limits its clinical application, this need to explore new strategy or method to overcome this problem. Recently, some literatures ha...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者的临床治疗中产生的原发性及获得性耐药限制了其临床应用,需要探索新的策略或方法来克服这个问题。最近有文献报道认为热休克蛋白90(heat shock protein 90, HSP90)抑制剂能从多种途径和环节发挥抗肿瘤作用,这为解决NSCLC对EGFR-TKI的耐药提供了新的思路。本研究通过观察HSP90抑制剂17-DMAG对EGFR-TKI分别原发性及获得性耐药的...
zh-cn
pair_25404268
Thymosin beta 10 (Tβ10) is one of β-thymosin family members, has a highly conserved polar 5 kDa peptides. This peptide is now regarded to be a small actin-binding protein and thereby induce depolymerization of the intracellular F-actin networks. Alteration of Tβ10 expression may alter the balance of cell growth, cell d...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 胸腺素β10(thymisin β10, Tβ10)是胸腺素家族的成员之一,它的分子量在5 kDa左右,是哺乳动物体内含量最丰富的β胸腺素之一,作为一种肌动蛋白结合蛋白,它可能通过调控肌动蛋白的结构改变细胞的生长、死亡、粘附和迁移。Tβ10在肿瘤的增殖、凋亡、血管形成方面也发挥重要的作用。然而Tβ10在不同类型的肿瘤中所发挥的作用有很大差异且Tβ10对肺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响尚未见文献报道。本研究选择肺腺癌细胞系A549作为研究对象,通过加入Tβ10或用小干扰RNA干扰Tβ10的方法,检测肺癌细胞凋亡、增殖及细胞周期的变化,探讨Tβ10对肺癌细胞这几种生物学行为的影响及其可能的机制。方法 流式双染检测加入Tβ10或干扰T...
zh-cn
pair_25404270
The aim of this study is to determine the best reference values of the optimal evaluation indexes that identify different disease types. Disease identification was conducted using the YUV quantitative analysis of autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) images in the target areas. Furthermore, this study discusses the signi...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 通过对不同病理类型的自荧光气管镜(autofluorescence bronchoscope, AFB)图像目标区域的YUV定量分析,确定区分不同疾病类型的最佳判别指标,探讨AFB在中央型支气管肺癌诊断中的价值。方法 对研究对象进行白光气管镜+AFB检查,二者在镜下存在异常者行活检。并对荧光图像显示病变部位通过MATLAB图像测量软件进行YUV定量分析。根据正常支气管粘膜、炎症、低级别上皮样瘤变、高级别上皮样瘤变、浸润性癌的病理结果分组。研究各组与YUV值间的关系,所得数据采用SPSS 11.5软件进行统计学处理。结果 Y值在浸润性癌和LGD组间存在统计学差异(P=0.040),在浸润性癌和炎症组也存在明显统计学差异(P...
zh-cn
pair_25404271
Studies on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways and the therapeutic effects of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have recently proven that targeted therapy has a major role in the treatment of lung cancer. However, the therapeutic effects of EGFR-TKIs on lung cancers with different E...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 近年来,通过对表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)等相关信号通路的研究及对EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR-TKIs)疗效及安全性的探索,证实了靶向治疗已成为肺癌的重要治疗手段之一。然而,在各中心试验中EGFR-TKIs应用于不同EGFR突变亚型患者的效果不尽相同,其原因尚有争议。因此,本研究通过对比EGFR 19和21外显子突变肺癌患者的临床特点和预后分析,以明确不同EGFR突变亚型肺癌患者的临床病理生理特征的差异,并为TKIs应用于EGFR不同突变亚型疗效差异的研究提供理论依据。方法 研究对...
zh-cn
pair_25404273
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths throughout the world. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. In traditional anti-cancer therapy, promotion of apoptosis in NSCLC is an important part of treatment, but anticancer drugs have the toxic side effects, resistance and other...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
肺癌死亡率居全球恶性肿瘤死亡之首,非小细胞肺癌是肺癌中最常见的类型。在传统的抗肺癌治疗中,促进细胞凋亡是非小细胞肺癌治疗的一个重要组成部分,但抗肿瘤药物存在毒副作用大和耐药性等问题。因此,寻找新的抗肿瘤药物作用靶点成为非小细胞肺癌治疗的重点之一。BH3-only蛋白在凋亡的启动及凋亡通路的沟通中发挥极其重要的作用。BIM是BH3-only蛋白家族中的核心成员。以BIM为靶点的治疗在非小细胞肺癌的治疗中具有不可取代的作用。本文简单介绍了BCL-2家族和其中的BH3-only促凋亡蛋白,并且阐述了BIM、BH3-only蛋白在非小细胞肺癌靶向治疗中的重要作用。
zh-cn
pair_25404274
Lung cancer is characterized by the highest incidence of solid tumor-related brain metastases, which are reported the incidence ranged 20% to 65%. This is also one of the reasons why it can cause significant mortality. Molecular targeted therapy plays a major role in the management of brain metastases in lung cancer. T...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
肺癌最常见的远处转移部位之一是脑部,肺癌脑转移的发生率为20%-65%,是脑转移性肿瘤中最常见的类型,同时也是肺癌死亡率高居不下的原因之一。分子靶向治疗已成为肺癌治疗的重要手段,分子靶向药物也成为继全脑放疗、立体定向放疗和化疗之后肺癌脑转移新的治疗方法。目前,对脑转移的非小细胞肺癌患者应用靶向药物治疗的研究也越来越多,其安全性和有效性是研究的重点。本文就靶向药物治疗非小细胞肺癌脑转移的研究进展做一综述。
zh-cn
pair_28279049
Sounding takes the highest prevalence of the signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The well accepted theory of the mechanism for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounding is the internal derangement typically characterized by disc displacement. However, according to literature, there are approximately one third of a...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
颞下颌关节弹响是颞下颌关节紊乱病发生率最高的症状,其传播最广泛的病理机制学说是关节盘移位。据文献报道,约1/3的无症状者存在不同程度的关节盘移位,而约1/4的颞下颌关节弹响者关节盘位置基本正常或仅有轻微移位;用手术等方法将关节盘重置于'正确位置'的远期疗效并不理想。本文从解剖学与病理生理学角度,就依据影像学诊断的'关节盘移位'中可能存在的组织改建问题进行讨论和分析。.
zh-cn
pair_28279050
Anterior disc displacement (ADD) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the common oral diseases. The TMJ can be remodeled after disc displacement. The author's recent studies show that remodeled bilaminar zone is similar to the disc in composition and functions. The remodeled condyle can match the disc-like bilami...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
颞下颌关节盘前移位是常见的口腔疾病,关节盘移位后,相关组织可发生适应性改建。笔者近年研究显示,绝大多数改建后的双板区类似于关节盘,并行使关节盘功能;改建后髁突形态与双板区类关节盘形态相互适应,形成新的关节盘-髁突关系,可在一定程度上恢复颞下颌关节的功能,这些适应性改建对临床治疗有重要的指导意义。基于这些研究结果,笔者针对可复性盘前移位、不可复性盘前移位和继发性退行性关节病等阶段的治疗,谈谈自己的看法。.
zh-cn
pair_28279051
Mandibular hypoplasia is very common clinically. Studies have reported that temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJID) might manifest as mandibular retrusion, and whether there is a direct correlation between them remains controversial in academia. On the other hand, for adolescent patients with skeletal clas...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
下颌发育不足是正畸临床常见症状,颞下颌关节内紊乱时也可表现为下颌骨后缩,两者是否直接相关,学术界一直存在争论。矫形力可刺激下颌发育不足青少年下颌生长,使下颌后缩得以矫正。但若颞下颌关节内紊乱是下颌骨后缩的直接原因,则矫形治疗是否对这类错牙合产生治疗效果,目前仍不清楚。笔者通过回顾和分析文献,并结合自己的研究,分析骨性Ⅱ类错牙合青少年颞下颌关节内紊乱的分布情况,并进一步探讨关节内紊乱对矫形治疗疗效的影响,为临床提高矫治效果,降低治疗风险提供参考。.
zh-cn
pair_28279052
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement (ADD) is one of the most common TMJ disease. However, the treatment of ADD have been far from reaching a consensus. In this article, we focused on the following three aspects: ①The relationship between ADD and condylar resorption. ②Whether disc reposition can sto...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
颞下颌关节盘前移位(anterior disc displacement,ADD)是口腔临床常见病,目前临床有多种治疗方案。本文通过回顾文献,并总结笔者课题组研究结果,聚焦以下3个方面:①ADD与髁突骨吸收的相关性;②关节盘复位能否阻止髁突骨吸收并促进髁突骨再生;③合理优化的联合诊疗模式。以期为临床优化ADD诊治方案提供参考。.
zh-cn
pair_28279053
Anterior disc displacement (ADD) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is regarded as one of the major findings in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). It is related to joint noise, pain, mandibular dysfunction, degenerative change and osteoarthritis. In the mean time, the pathological changes were found in synovial membrane ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
颞下颌关节盘前移位在颞下颌关节紊乱病中很常见,可导致关节弹响、疼痛、下颌功能障碍以及骨关节炎,同时关节滑膜与滑液也出现病理性改变。透明质酸是关节滑液的主要成分,其主要作用为营养关节软骨、维持关节正常的润滑、抗炎功能以及软骨修复。发生颞下颌关节紊乱病时,透明质酸的合成、相对分子质量、浓度均下降,导致关节发生退行性改变。本文就颞下颌关节盘前移位的临床表现、病理改变、透明质酸作用机制以及临床应用等方面进行介绍。.
zh-cn
pair_28279054
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) is a common type of temporomandibular joint disorders. Most patients experience limited mouth opening and joint pain at the same time. The standpoint of physical therapy is the function of the joint instead of the displaced disc. The tr...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
颞下颌关节不可复性盘前移位(anterior disc displacement without reduction,ADDwoR)是颞下颌关节紊乱病的常见类型,多数患者同时存在张口受限和关节疼痛。物理治疗的立足点不是移位的关节盘,而是关节的功能。通过物理治疗的物理因子疗法、手法治疗和运动疗法,可达到消除症状、恢复关节功能的目的。对于张口受限时间≤2个月的ADDwoR患者,可尝试手法复位关节盘继以再定位牙合垫和运动治疗维持关节盘-髁突关系。即便如此,恢复解剖关系也不是物理治疗的终点。加强健康教育、多学科合作均是成功治疗ADDwoR的重要环节。.
zh-cn
pair_28279060
Exfoliative cytology is a simple and non-invasive examination method that is easily accepted by the patient. A number of new techniques are used to further increase the accuracy of sample collecting. It is widely used in the detection of cervical, oral cavity and various coelom exfoliated cells. This article reviews th...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
脱落细胞检测方法是一种简便、容易为患者所接受的非侵入性检测方法,通过与多项新技术联合应用,进一步增加取材部位的准确性,广泛应用于宫颈、口腔和体腔等各种脏器脱落物的检测。本文阐述了脱落细胞检测方法在口腔癌早期诊断中的应用研究进展。通过DNA定量分析计算DNA指数(DNA index,DI),采用多参数分析以及统计学模型计算口腔癌变风险指数(oral cancer risk index,OCRI),实现口腔癌及癌前病变的定性、定量分析,适用于口腔病变的人群筛查、肿瘤早期诊断和疗效监测等,具有重要意义。.
zh-cn
pair_28297771
Esophageal and gastric varices are common complications of liver cirrhosis and are seen in 50% of patients with liver cirrhosis. The annual incidence rate of esophagogastric variceal bleeding is 5%-15%, and even if the recommended treatment is used, the 6-week mortality rate is still as high as 15%-20%. Spontaneous bac...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
食管胃静脉曲张是肝硬化常见并发症,约见于50%肝硬化患者。食管胃静脉曲张出血的年发生率为5%~15%,即便应用了当前推荐的治疗方案,其6周内病死率仍高达15%~20%。自发性细菌性腹膜炎作为终末期肝脏疾病的一种常见的并发症,在重症肝损害患者中发生率为10%~30%。指无任何邻近组织炎症(如肠穿孔、肠脓肿)的情况下发生的腹膜和(或)腹水的细菌感染。肝性脑病是在慢性肝病背景下发生的以认知功能障碍为表现的临床综合征,其疾病的发病机制尚未完全阐明,和过去我们认识的引起肝性脑病发病与氨中毒学说、γ-氨基丁酸与内源性苯二氮复合受体学说、炎症通路学说等机制有关。现对肝硬化上消化道出血处理、自发性细菌性腹膜炎、肝性脑病等方面2016年新进展进行介绍...
zh-cn
pair_28297784
Hepatic space-occupying lesions refer to the lesions which are located in the abnormal echo area or density area of the liver parenchyma, have the appearance of nodule or mass, occupy a certain space, and may cause pressure, displacement, or invasion of adjacent liver tissue and vessels, as determined by imaging examin...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
肝脏占位性病变是指影像学检查中,在肝实质均匀回声或均匀密度上出现的异常回声区或密度区并呈现结节或肿块的外形,占据一定空间,可导致临近肝组织、脉管受压、移位或受侵犯的病变。肝脏占位性病变包括多种病因,临床表现存在一定共性却又各有特点。了解肝脏占位性病变的常见病因及临床表现,有助于在临床工作中对其进行诊断及鉴别诊断,进而制定针对性的治疗方案,改善预后。现就此问题进行介绍,以期帮助临床医师扩展诊断思路。.
zh-cn
pair_28297787
At present, the most effective therapeutic method for end-stage liver fibrosis is liver transplantation. However, the application of liver transplantation is limited by a shortage of liver donors, a high incidence rate of surgical complications, graft-versus-host disease, and high medical costs. Umbilical cord mesenchy...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
当前对于终末期肝纤维化的最有效治疗手段为肝脏移植,但由于供体缺乏、手术相关并发症发生率高、抗宿主反应、医疗花费高等缺点,应用范围有限。而脐带间充质干细胞移植可作为治疗肝脏疾病的一类极具希望的治疗手段。脐带间充质干细胞是一类具有多向分化潜能的成体干细胞,能够定向分化为肝实质细胞,并且具有免疫调节、营养因子分泌等功能,因此,能够抑制免疫反应、促进肝细胞再生、缓解肝纤维化进展以及提升肝功能。另外,与骨髓间充质干细胞相比,脐带间充质干细胞来源丰富、收集过程无创、安全性较高,越来越多地引起了人们的关注。现对近年来脐带间充质干细胞的特性以及其治疗肝纤维化的机制和应用情况进行综述,并对相关风险进行了探讨。.
zh-cn
pair_28297788
Nowadays, nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are important drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and can suppress the virus through inhibiting the activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase. However, rtA181 mutation in HBV can reduce the sensitivity of HBV to various NAs, which brings new challenges to antivira...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
目前,核苷(酸)类似物仍是重要的治疗慢性乙型肝炎药物,其通过抑制HBV聚合酶的活性,从而达到抑制病毒的作用。然而,乙型肝炎病毒rtA181位点突变可降低病毒对多种核苷(酸)类似物的敏感性,给抗病毒治疗带来了新的挑战。现简要介绍HBV rtA181位点突变的临床检出率、对治疗效果及患者预后的影响等研究进展。.
zh-cn
pair_28297789
Chronic viral hepatitis has a high prevalence rate in China, and the presence or absence of hepatitis virus replication is closely associated with the surgical outcome of patients. Therefore, perioperative antiviral therapy becomes an important method for improving patients' outcome. On the basis of treatment modalitie...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
我国慢性病毒性肝炎发病率较高。肝炎病毒的复制与否与患者手术预后密切相关。因此,围手术期抗病毒治疗成为提高疗效的重要手段。现根据不同治疗方式及不同病毒感染的特点,将围绕着围手术期抗病毒治疗策略和效果进行详细阐述,以期对临床指导,提高患者预后有一定帮助。.
zh-cn
pair_28297790
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in China and manifests as simple fatty liver, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies have shown that intestinal flora can affect the development and progression of NAFLD via the 'gut-...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是我国最常见的慢性肝病之一,临床表现形式包括单纯性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎及其相关肝硬化和肝细胞癌,研究发现肠道菌群可以通过'肠-肝轴'影响NAFLD的发生发展。益生菌是一类对宿主有益的活性微生物,越来越多的研究发现益生菌在改善NAFLD方面有积极作用,与抗生素和手术相比更加廉价、无害和安全,有望成为防治NAFLD的新方法。现对益生菌治疗NAFLD中的研究进展加以综述,以期为更好地利用益生菌治疗NAFLD提供依据。.
zh-cn
pair_28297791
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multi-system disease, and metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and NAFLD interact as both cause and effect. Deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors are the adverse outcome of patients with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and increased de...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是一种多系统性疾病,与代谢综合征和2型糖尿病互为因果。心血管疾病和恶性肿瘤相关死亡是非酒精性脂肪肝和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患者共同的不良结局,肝病病死率显著增加主要见于NASH患者。NASH与肝细胞癌之间存在因果关系,NASH相关肝细胞癌一半左右发生于没有肝硬化的患者。当前亟需加强我国NAFLD患者自然史的队列研究,从而为制定卫生策略和防治对策提供依据。现主要从临床流行病学角度阐述NAFLD与糖尿病、心血管疾病以及肝硬化和肝细胞癌的重要关联,以提醒大家对NAFLD自然史的重视。.
zh-cn
pair_28297792
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still one of common malignant cancers worldwide, with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Early diagnosis and effective treatment for HCC remain to be explored. This article introduces the research advances in the early specific diagnosis and effective therapies for HCC in 2016, ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
肝细胞癌(HCC)仍是全球常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率及病死率持续增长。其早期诊断及有效治疗仍是医学难题。HCC的早期特异诊断与有效治疗技术研发仍是重点。现介绍肝癌特异诊断和靶向治疗分子标志物、主要治疗方案及新兴的机器人辅助肝脏切除术、No-touch射频消融术在HCC治疗中的应用等2016年的新进展。.
zh-cn
pair_28297793
Liver failure has various clinical types, a complex pathogenesis, and rapid disease progression, as well as a high mortality rate. Liver failure caused by hepatitis B virus infection is the most common type in China with severe conditions, various complications, and a mortality rate as high as 40%-90%. Invasive fungal ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
肝衰竭的临床类型多样、发病机制复杂,病情进展快,病死率高。我国仍以乙型肝炎病毒感染引起的肝衰竭最为常见,其他原因也逐渐增多,该病病情危重、并发症多,病死率可高达40%~90%。肝衰竭继发侵袭性真菌病将严重影响其预后,病死率增加。现对乙型肝炎相关肝衰竭、人工肝、肝衰竭继发侵袭性真菌病在2016年的研究进展进行介绍。.
zh-cn
pair_28297794
Autoimmune liver diseases are a group of abnormal autoimmune-mediated inflammatory hepatobiliary injuries, mainly including autoimmune hepatitis(AIH), primary biliary cholangitis(PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune liver diseases, an important type of non-viral live...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
自身免疫性肝病是一组由异常自身免疫介导的肝胆炎症性损伤,主要包括自身免疫性肝炎、原发性胆汁性胆管炎及原发性硬化性胆管炎等。作为非病毒性肝病的重要成员,自身免疫性肝病的诊断与治疗日益成为肝病领域的突出问题之一。2016年,自身免疫性肝病在临床和基础研究方面又有了许多新进展,包括奥贝胆酸的临床III期试验,UK-PBC危险评分的提出,以及原发性硬化性胆管炎相关的肠道微生态研究等。现就自身免疫性肝病2016年的诊疗与研究进展进行介绍。.
zh-cn
pair_28297796
Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor. Although the overall incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer has been decreasing in recent years, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated liver cancer tends to increase. The health and social issues brought by NAFLD-associated liver cancer hav...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
肝癌作为常见的恶性肿瘤,虽然其总的发病率及病死率近年来有所下降,但非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)相关肝癌的发病呈上升趋势。NAFLD相关肝癌所带来的健康以及社会问题已引起了广泛关注,其流行病学研究、发病机制、诊断治疗等问题值得深入研究。现对NAFLD相关肝癌的流行病学现状以及发病机制进行介绍。.
zh-cn
pair_28297795
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in infected hepatocytes is the main cause of off-therapy viral rebound. The half-life of cccDNA is only 33-50 days, so the conversion of newly synthesized rcDNA to cccDNA in the nucleus is essential for the maintenance of cccDNA pool in infected hepatocyte...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
在感染肝细胞中的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)共价闭合环状DNA(cccDNA)是引起停药后病毒学反弹的主要因素。cccDNA的半衰期仅为33~50 d,故新合成的部分双链、松弛环状DNA(rcDNA)进入细胞核转换为cccDNA是维持cccDNA池的关键。虽然不直接靶向cccDNA,但通过阻断rcDNA的合成,现有的核苷(酸)类似物(NAs)存在使cccDNA池耗竭的可能性。确实,慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)患者在抗病毒治疗达到HBeAg血清转换,HBV DNA消失后,再巩固治疗半年以上,20%~30%的患者可以安全停药。我国一些课题组最近已经证实血清中的HBV RNA来自感染肝细胞内cccDNA的活性转录,特别是在接受NAs治疗的慢乙肝患者,...
zh-cn
pair_28297797
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in clinical practice, and the spectrum of NAFLD includes nonalcoholic simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and liver cirrhosis. Some patients may even progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. At present, the gold standa...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
非酒精性脂肪性肝病是临床最常见的慢性肝病,其疾病谱包括非酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、肝硬化,部分患者会进展为肝细胞性肝癌。目前,非酒精性脂肪性肝病的诊断'金标准'仍为肝活组织检查,但这为有创检查,且价格高,在临床应用中存在一定局限。更多的研究则关注非酒精性脂肪性肝病的非侵入性诊断方法,包括血清学标志物、脂肪肝预测模型和影像学检查。新兴的诊断技术,包括基因组学、蛋白质组学、糖组学和代谢组学,也在非酒精性脂肪性肝病的诊断中起到越来越大的作用。.
zh-cn
pair_28297798
Although many Chinese and international guidelines offer recommendations for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), there are also confusions in clinical practice, including the differences in drug indications, drug selection, the basic principles of lifestyle intervention, and key points in individ...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
虽然多个国内外指南对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的治疗提出指导性建议,但临床实践困惑依然存在,这些困惑集中于国内外指南在药物治疗适应证差异、药物种类的选择差异、生活方式干预基本原则与个体方案侧重点内容之间的差异,此外,医疗模式、医疗保险体系诸多领域存在东西方差异。这些均对临床实践提出了挑战,中国肝病医师对非酒精性脂肪性肝病治疗指南的遵循需应对本土化挑战。.
zh-cn
pair_28297806
Nonalcoholic fatty fiver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in clinical practice. It develops from simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic fatty hepatitis to liver fibrosis which may develop liver cirrhosis and result in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) eventually. Although studies show tha...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是临床上最常见的慢性肝脏疾病之一,可从单纯性脂肪肝进展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、肝纤维化和肝硬化,最终可发展为肝细胞肝癌(HCC)。尽管研究表明,许多细胞信号通路、基因及细胞因子等参与NAFLD相关的HCC的发生发展,但是其发病的具体分子机制尚不清楚。现结合国内外近年的文献报道,对NAFLD相关的HCC的流行病学及发病机制做一综述。.
zh-cn
pair_28302215
Targeting the mutations and amplifications in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene has curative effects on cancers of the lung, oral cavity, and gastrointestinal system. However, a systemic immune inflammation is an adverse effect of this therapeutic strategy. In this study, we aimed to identify the possibl...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 精确靶向表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)的治疗在肺鳞癌、口腔和肠胃癌中取得了一定疗效,但会引发系统性炎症。本实验旨在探究EGFR抑制剂治疗癌引发的肿瘤内部免疫变化。方法 我们通过含H-ras基因逆转录病毒转染EGFR基因缺失或野生型小鼠角质细胞,将改造的细胞同源移植至小鼠以成瘤,吉非替尼治疗荷瘤小鼠,流式细胞仪检测T细胞比例与程序性死亡受体1(programmed death 1, PD-1)表达,RT-PCR检测细胞因子与趋化因子的表达。结果 敲除EGFR基因形成的肿瘤较野生型小,并且肿瘤微环境中浸润FoxP3+调节性T细胞(regulatory cell...
zh-cn
pair_28302216
Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is associated with the progression and metastasis of lung cancer. There are, however, few studies on the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of HIF-1α and susceptibility to lung cancer. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between indoor air pollu...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 低氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor 1α, HIF-1α)与肺癌的恶化与转移有关,但HIF-1α的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs)与肺癌易感性的研究仍较少。本研究旨在探讨室内空气污染、rs2057482多态性与福建汉族肺癌易感性的关系。方法 采用以医院为基础的病例对照设计,选择2006年1月-2012年12月在福建医科大学附属第一医院、协和医院和南京军区福州总医院的胸外科及呼吸内科病理确诊的汉族新发原发性肺癌患者1,096例,选取无肿瘤病史、同期前往医院其他科室探视的患者汉族亲友和社区汉族人群1,110例,进行问卷调查。应用MA...
zh-cn
pair_28302217
Though the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been progressively known by the surgeons and applied clinically, the current status of its cognition among thoracic surgeons and application in thoracic surgery is still unknown. Based on the analysis of a survey of thoracic surgeons and nurses on chest E...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 虽然加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)理念近年来已逐渐被外科医生所熟悉和应用于临床实践中,但目前关于我国大陆胸外科医师对ERAS理念的认知和应用现状如何仍不清楚。本研究基于对参会胸外科医生和护士进行ERAS相关问题的问卷调查结果,分析加速康复外科在胸外科的应用现状和面临的困难。方法 对参与第一届胸科ERAS华西论坛代表回复的773份有效问卷进行分析,问卷内容主要包括两部分:一是被调查人单位情况及个人基本情况;二是加速康复外科相关的10个问题。结果 ①ERAS的临床应用现状为理念大于实践,69.6%的医生和58.7%的护士认同此观点;88.5%的医生和85.7%护士均...
zh-cn
pair_28302218
Lung cancer is an important complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and even significantly affects the prognosis of patients with COPD. COPD also affects the postoperative complications and recurrence in patients with lung cancer. This study aims to investigate lung cancer patients complicated wit...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 肺癌是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)重要的合并症,会显著影响慢阻肺患者的预后。慢阻肺也会影响肺癌患者的术后并发症和复发。本研究旨在调查胸外科住院肺癌合并慢阻肺的情况。方法 回顾性分析北京大学人民医院胸外科2015年1月-2015年12月收治的原发性非小细胞肺癌患者。通过查阅病历获取患者的性别、年龄、吸烟状况、有害职业史、症状、胸部计算机断层扫描(computed tomography, CT)、术后病理、出院诊断、全套肺功能及支气管舒张试验,当基础肺功能第一秒钟用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1)占预计值<70%时即行支气管舒张试验。结果 703例肺癌患者进...
zh-cn
pair_28302219
Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is an extremely rare pulmonary malignant tumor, its clinical features and conditions of prognosis is not entirely clear. The aim of this study is to discuss clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic methods, and prognosis of pulmonary MEC. We retrospectively studied 29 pulmo...
en
lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn
train
text
背景与目的 肺粘液表皮样癌(mucoepidermoid carcinoma, MEC)是罕见的肺部恶性肿瘤,其临床特征及预后尚不完全明确,本研究旨在探讨肺粘液表皮样癌的临床特征、诊治方法及预后影响因素。方法 回顾郑州大学附属肿瘤医院2006年1月-2015年12月收治的29例肺MEC患者的临床资料,对临床特征、诊断方法、治疗措施及预后进行分析。结果 全组29例患者占同期新诊断肺癌的0.16%(29/18,021),其中男性18例,女性11例;中位年龄45岁(10岁-79岁);高级别肺MEC 17例,低级别12例。6例患者行表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)基因检测均未检...
zh-cn