category stringclasses 9
values | correct_votes int64 0 12 | gold_evidence list | id stringlengths 20 20 | label stringclasses 2
values | retrieved_evidence list | text stringlengths 16 429 | total_likes int64 0 7 | total_votes int64 0 13 | wikipedia_page stringlengths 3 49 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sports | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Hall of Famer, Clarke played for and managed both the Louisville Colonels and Pittsburgh Pirates."
},
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "After his managing days ended in 1915, Clarke returned to his \"Little Pirate Ranch\" near Winfie... | 6bbmaXnWbYIJ1W1okM2I | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Fred Clarke was born on a farm near Winterset, Iowa."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Clarke impressed the Hastings team and he signed his first professional contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and c... | After leaving professional baseball he spent the rest of his life tending to his family's farm. | 1 | 6 | Fred Clarke |
Popular Culture | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "On July 1, 2018, the film passed $648 million at the worldwide box office, surpassing the $633 million the original film made in its entire theatrical run."
}
] | 6cUKSvDOXTrPryqE47Bz | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "In April 2018, early box office projections had Incredibles 2 grossing $110 million in its opening weekend in the United States and Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Following the success of The I... | The Incredibles 2 saw the return of the villain Syndrome from the first film and was a box office success. | 0 | 1 | Incredibles 2 |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Smith is the father to three children from his marriage to former wife Denise; sons Nikko and Dustin, and daughter Taryn."
}
] | 6cwB9uWiWDshuGlNWBrN | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1996",
"text": "Upon receiving the start in Game 5, Smith nearly duplicated his Game 1 performance with four putouts, one assist, and no hits in four at-bats as part of another Cardinals defeat."
},
{
"section_header": "Profes... | He has four kids. | 2 | 3 | Ozzie Smith |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Susan Hayward (born Edythe Marrenner; June 30, 1917 – March 14, 1975) was an American actress and model."
}
] | 6d1VSRK2ZWp6KwyjdwWO | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Decline as star",
"text": "Hayward made Thunder in the Sun (1959) with Jeff Chandler, a mediocre wagon train picture about French Basque pioneers, and then Woman Obsessed (1959) at Fox."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak",
"text": "Hayward won a Best Actress Osc... | Hayward was a French actress and writer. | 0 | 3 | Susan Hayward |
Science | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Safety of particle collisions",
"text": "Two CERN-commissioned safety reviews examined these concerns and concluded that the experiments at the LHC present no danger and that there is no reason for concern, a conclusion endorsed by the American Physical Society."
}
] | 6derqJMUHQ75OKYcI2ip | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Safety of particle collisions",
"text": "The experiments at the Large Hadron Collider sparked fears that the particle collisions might produce doomsday phenomena, involving the production of stable microscopic black holes or the creation of hypothetical particles called strangelets."
... | It was theorized that the Large Hadron Collider could end everything, but at least 2 safety people said nah, so it's fine. | 2 | 8 | Large Hadron Collider |
Music | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "At the 51st Annual Grammy Awards in 2009, Adele won awards in the categories of Best New Artist and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 51st Grammy Awards in 2009, Adele won the awards for B... | 6eLysVZ3lBs0YUHxBKjy | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 2015–2017: 25 and Adele Live 2016",
"text": "At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in February 2017, Adele won all five of her nominations, bringing her number of awards to fifteen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 51st Grammy Awards in 2009, Adele won ... | Adele won her first Grammy in 2012. | 0 | 5 | Adele |
Literature | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Howards End is a novel by E. M. Forster, first published in 1910, about social conventions, codes of conduct and relationships in turn-of-the-century England."
}
] | 6eMLOvSHq1sgFlznmF2L | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Premise",
"text": "The story revolves around three families in England at the beginning of the 20th century: the Wilcoxes, rich capitalists with a fortune made in the colonies; the half-German Schlegel siblings (Margaret, Helen, and Tibby), whose cultural pursuits have much in common wi... | Howards End is a book written in the 1990s that revolves around three families. | 3 | 5 | Howards End |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Reaction",
"text": "Rumours about the Night of the Long Knives rapidly spread."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "As the purge claimed the lives of so many prominent Germans, it could hardly be kept secret."
}
] | 6ePrQYnR8aH4zOngtDrn | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chancellor Adolf Hitler, urged on by Hermann Göring and Heinrich Himmler, ordered a series of political extrajudicial executions intended to consolidate his power and alleviate the concerns of the German military about the role of Ernst Röhm and the Sturmabteilung (SA... | The Night of the Long Knives, a series of political extrajudicial executions ordered by Adolf Hitler, was kept secret until after Hitler's death. | 0 | 0 | Night of the Long Knives |
Geography | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Conception | History of height increases",
"text": "Originally proposed as a virtual clone of the 560 m (1,837 ft) Grollo Tower proposal for Melbourne, Australia's Docklands waterfront development, the tower was redesigned by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill."
}
] | 6fQrioQsr0TSI755H099 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "Without the spire, Burj Khalifa would be 585 meters tall."
},
{
"section_header": "Conception | History of height increases",
"text": "Originally proposed as a virtual clone of the 560 m (1,837 ft) Grollo Tower proposal for Melbourne, Austr... | The Burj Khalifa was designed to be 560 meters tall, originally. | 0 | 4 | Burj Khalifa |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "FilmThree US films have been based on the novel: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1929) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1944) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (2004)TheaterA play for puppets and actors was based on the novel, adapted by Greg Carter and directed by Sheila Daniels... | 6gd0a4A9r0VaPLsOlyGk | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence",
"text": "The Bridge of San Luis Rey won the 1928 Pulitzer Prize for the Novel, and remains widely acclaimed as Wilder's most famous work."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "FilmThree US films have been based on the novel: The Bridge o... | Many films have been established from The Bridge of San Luis Rey, a fictional narrative known as a famous work. | 0 | 0 | The Bridge of San Luis Rey |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Released on October 5, 2007, the film grossed $93 million worldwide."
}
] | 6giNvmI6bwchn0BpJ1Zz | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Michael Clayton is a 2007 American legal thriller film written and directed by Tony Gilroy in his feature directorial debut and starring George Clooney, Tom Wilkinson, Tilda Swinton, and Sydney Pollack."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
... | Clayton was debuted in 2007. | 0 | 0 | Michael Clayton |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the tale of a king who bequeaths his power and land to two of his three daughters, after they declare their love for him in an extremely fawning and obsequious manner."
}
] | 6h9VobcnOTQ6e5v88q9b | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "King Lear is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the tale of a king who bequeaths his power and land to two of his three daughters, after they declare their love for him in an extremely fawning and... | King Lear has three daughters that were extremely fawning and is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare. | 0 | 0 | King Lear |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Hunt Pendleton (July 19, 1825 – November 24, 1889) was an American politician and lawyer."
}
] | 6hZyOlpaSb0SrQ1kFzsW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Memorials",
"text": "The George H. Pendleton House in Cincinnati is a National Historical Landmark and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | National politics",
"text": "Pendleton ran as an antiwar D... | George H. Pendleton was an author and illustrator of children's books in the late 1800's. | 0 | 0 | George H. Pendleton |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In general, Kabalevsky was not as adventurous as his contemporaries in terms of harmony and preferred a more conventional diatonicism, interlaced with chromaticism and major-minor interplay."
}
] | 6haHCeY5Zuu9F9HV4YuS | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Some of Kabalevsky's best-known \"youth works\" da... | Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky's compositional techniques in regards to chord arrangements and scale work were not particularly avant-garde. | 0 | 0 | Dmitry Kabalevsky |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Reginald Martinez Jackson (born May 18, 1946) is an American former professional baseball right fielder who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City / Oakland Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees, and California Angels."
}
] | 6ihqG2M09SgxyyQMxqhQ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "MLB career | New York Yankees (1977–1981) | The Bronx Zoo",
"text": "Instead of completing a double play that would have ended the inning, the ball caromed into foul territory and allowed Thurman Munson to score the Yankees' second run of the inning."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB... | Reggie played for 5 teams in his career. | 0 | 0 | Reggie Jackson |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In addition, he was the winningest pitcher (left or right-handed) in the AL until 1921, when he was surpassed by Walter Johnson."
}
] | 6j0vLUNhl5538grMH4Jv | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edward Stewart Plank (August 31, 1875 – February 24, 1926), nicknamed \"Gettysburg Eddie\", was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He won 305 games in the American League (AL), making him that league's winn... | American baseball player Eddie Plank is the winningest pitcher. | 2 | 7 | Eddie Plank |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Pep\", he played ten seasons in Major League Baseball for the New York Giants from 1917 through 1926, playing right field almost exclusively."
}
] | 6jdqu79Yu8RMCsv0o7Ed | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Youngs enjoyed playing golf and was considered the best golfer in the major leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Pep\", he played ten seasons in Major League Baseball for the New York Giants from 1917 through 1926, playing... | He was a major league pitcher. | 0 | 0 | Ross Youngs |
Music | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They were active from 1977 to 1988 and again from 1991 to 1995."
}
] | 6ju7h48BUA6PJpguDOuG | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–present: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction",
"text": "Since the break-up of Dire Straits, Mark Knopfler has shown no interest in re-forming the band and is quoted as saying \"Oh, I don't know whether to start getting all that stuff back together again,\" and telling re... | Dire Straits are a London based rock band that started in 1977 and played together the whole time until 1995. | 2 | 3 | Dire Straits |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Relationship with other literature | The Bible",
"text": "Jesus is mentioned more often in the Quran than Muhammad (by name — Muhammad is often alluded to as \"The Prophet\" or \"The Apostle\"), while Mary is mentioned in the Quran more than the New Testament."
},
{
"section_hea... | 6kbNSxzkN84pXlqpxkPv | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Interpretation",
"text": "More modern works of Tafisr include Ma'ariful Qur'an written by Mufti Muhammad Shafi and Risale-i Nur by Bediüzzaman Said Nursi."
},
{
"section_header": "Text and arrangement",
"text": "An individual verse may be just a few letters or several lines.... | There are several Catholic icons that are seen more in the Qur'an than the Christian texts. | 0 | 0 | Qur'an |
Music | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer and pianist."
}
] | 6l7ZbXpiYeoPyH0FJzal | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Documentaries about Glass",
"text": "Tape 2: Philip Glass. Produced and directed by Robert Ashley Philip Glass, from Four American Composers (1983); directed by Peter Greenaway"
},
{
"section_header": "Documentaries about Glass",
"text": "A Composer's Notes: Philip Glass and... | Philip Glass was the creator of glass sculpture chandeliers and designed the chandelier in the White House for Franklin D. Roosevelt. | 1 | 5 | Philip Glass |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arms and the Man is a comedy by George Bernard Shaw, whose title comes from the opening words of Virgil's Aeneid, in Latin: Arma virumque cano (\"Of arms and the man I sing\").The play was first produced on 21 April 1894 at the Avenue Theatre and published in 1898 as ... | 6meTVT8wTGkgnnLWHRqW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Subsequent productions",
"text": "He chose to play Sergius while William Redfield starred as Bluntschli."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The play takes place during the 1885 Serbo-Bulgarian War."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text... | It is a tragic play. | 0 | 0 | Arms and the Man |
Literature | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to a Nightingale\" is a poem by John Keats written either in the garden of the Spaniards Inn, Hampstead, London or, according to Keats' friend Charles Armitage Brown, under a plum tree in the garden of Keats' house at Wentworth Place, also in Hampstead."
}
] | 6mfnnm9IekP1bkKYZjkd | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The exact date of \"Ode to a Nightingale\", as well as those of \"Ode on Indolence\", \"Ode on Melancholy\", and \"Ode on a Grecian Urn\", is unknown, as Keats dated all as 'May 1819'."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to Keats' f... | Ode to a Nightingale is a film that was released in 1819. | 1 | 4 | Ode to a Nightingale |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fame is a 1980 American teen musical drama film directed by Alan Parker."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Producer David De Silva conceived the premise in 1976, partially inspired by the musical A Chorus Line."
}
] | 6n5Gs8fHGSIdJI4fnsBc | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Aftermath and legacy",
"text": "In 2014, IndieWire added the song \"Fame\" to its list of \"The 20 Greatest Movie Theme Songs of the 1980s\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fame is a 1980 American teen musical drama film directed by Alan Parker."
},
{
"s... | The 1980 movie Fame was inspired by a musical in the 70's. | 0 | 0 | Fame (1980 film) |
Sports | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Osborne Earl \"Ozzie\" Smith (born December 26, 1954) is an American former baseball shortstop who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres and St. Louis Cardinals from 1978 to 1996."
}
] | 6n7dvP49MdM1mIqHdFpN | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "In 1999, he ranked number 87 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and finished third in voting at shortstop for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Dieg... | Osborne "Ozzie" Smith was a baseball player for the New York Yankees. | 1 | 1 | Ozzie Smith |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "Yastrzemski retired in 1983 at the age of 44, although he stated in his autobiography"
}
] | 6nTBaV0urbCLc8jWiTeg | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carl Michael Yastrzemski (; nicknamed \"Yaz\"; born August 22, 1939) is an American former Major League Baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "Prior to his induction in the Baseball Hall of Fame, in 1986, Carl... | American baseball player Carl Yastrzemski wrote an autobiography. | 0 | 0 | Carl Yastrzemski |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A sequel called Jolson Sings Again was released in 1949."
}
] | 6nfqaYSLaJeuuKl8y6f6 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jolson Story is a 1946 American Technicolor musical biography film which purports to tell the life story of singer Al Jolson."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A sequel called Jolson Sings Again was released in 1949."
},
{
"section_he... | The Jolson Story is a 1946 American Technicolor musical biography film which purports to tell the life story of singer Al Jolson, with the sequel called Jolson Sings Again was released in 1959. | 0 | 0 | The Jolson Story |
Music | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "LaDonna Adrian Gaines (December 31, 1948 – May 17, 2012), widely known by her stage name based on her married name Donna Summer, was an American singer, songwriter and actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "Summer publicly denied that she... | 6nwQbMgWBJYQw3LDQ2aV | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "She allegedly had made anti-gay remarks regarding the then-relatively new disease, AIDS."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "LaDonna Adrian Gaines (December 31, 1948 – May 17, 2012), widely known by her stage name based on her married name Donn... | The American singer, songwriter and actress Donna Summer apologized in 1989 for allegedly made homophobic remarks during the AIDS epidemic. | 3 | 4 | Donna Summer |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After telling him the pregnancy was a lie as well, Sid checks into a motel and hangs himself."
}
] | 6oB4JFbLRAaLSuzoGKOj | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "An Officer and a Gentleman was an enormous box office success and went on to become the third-highest-grossing film of 1982, after E.T.: The Extra Terrestrial and Tootsie."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "An ... | In the movie An Officer and a Gentleman, Sid dies of a gunshot wound. | 0 | 0 | An Officer and a Gentleman |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and children",
"text": "Kidman has been married twice: first to actor Tom Cruise, and later to country singer Keith Urban."
}
] | 6oDggNkyoqHXUYDYBe08 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has been married to singer Keith Urban since 2006, and was earlier married to Tom Cruise."
},
{
"section_header": "Discography",
"text": "I Know Why They Call It Pop: Volume 2 by Rok Lok Records."
},
{
"section_header": "Discography",
"text... | Kidman has been married 2 times. | 3 | 3 | Nicole Kidman |
Popular Culture | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The show premiered on CBS on September 24, 2007 and concluded on May 16, 2019, having broadcast a total of 279 episodes over twelve seasons."
}
] | 6oVP8Akr3tl6gF7UGZFk | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Offshoots | Spin-off series",
"text": "Subsequent weekly episodes began airing on November 2, 2017 following the broadcast of the 237th episode of The Big Bang Theory."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters",
"text": "Gilbert returned to The Big Bang Theory for its 200... | The Big Bang Theory aired for 279 episodes. | 1 | 7 | The Big Bang Theory |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lee Jun-fan (Chinese: 李振藩; November 27, 1940 – July 20, 1973), commonly known as Bruce Lee (Chinese: 李小龍), was a Hong Kong American actor, director, martial artist, martial arts instructor and philosopher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lee m... | 6oxZvdoCSZytrJEsVQqP | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was introduced to the film industry by his father and appeared in several films as a child actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lee Jun-fan (Chinese: 李振藩; November 27, 1940 – July 20, 1973), commonly known as Bruce Lee (Chinese: 李小龍), was ... | Hong Kong American actor Bruce Lee was a child actor and began teaching martial arts in college. | 0 | 0 | Bruce Lee |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After the 2013 season, he announced his retirement as the active major league leader in complete games, with 67."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On November 7, 2017, Halladay died when his ICON A5 amphibious plane crashed into the Gulf of Mexic... | 6p0vyKnjKG06JJu7X8Z7 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Retirement",
"text": "On December 9, 2013, Halladay signed a ceremonial one-day contract with the Blue Jays and announced his retirement from baseball due to injury."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Retirement",
"text": "Halladay was elected to the Canadian Basebal... | Halladay died less than five years after announcing his retirement from baseball. | 1 | 7 | Roy Halladay |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Areopagitica; A speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc'd Printing, to the Parlament of England is a 1644 prose polemic by the English poet, scholar, and polemical author John Milton opposing licensing and censorship."
}
] | 6pfnmg0LsM5ea85eloRG | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Areopagitica was published 23 November 1644 at the height of the English Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Areopagitica; A speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc'd Printing, to the Parlament of England is a 1644 prose... | The speech by John Milton Areopagitica is a defense of free speech at the height of the English Civil War. | 0 | 0 | Areopagitica |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Stanley Mazeroski (born September 5, 1936) is an American former baseball second baseman who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1956–1972 and hit one of the epic home runs in major league history, a dramatic ninth-... | 6ppgHjSA3dTkzkTQulJ3 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mazeroski took part in 10 All-Star Games and was a Gold Glove Award winner eight times."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Stanley Mazeroski (born September 5, 1936) is an American former baseball second baseman who played 17 seasons in M... | Bill Mazeroski is an American former baseball second baseman who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1956–1972, and took part in 10 All-Star Games and was a Gold Glove Award winner eight times. | 0 | 0 | Bill Mazeroski |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Rouge et le Noir (French pronunciation: [lə ʁuʒ e l(ə) nwaʁ]; meaning The Red and the Black) is a historical psychological novel in two volumes by Stendhal, published in 1830."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The adventures of the hero sa... | 6q1U38K0Hfkb6vY3l6zG | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Le Rouge et le Noir is the Bildungsroman of Julien Sorel, the intelligent and ambitious protagonist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "et le Noir: Chronique du XIXe siècle (The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of the 19th Century), indicates its... | The novel Le Rouge et le Noir is a satire about 19th century England. | 0 | 0 | The Red and the Black |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The film was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten films of 2016, and won the Academy Award, Golden Globe, Critics Choice Movie Award and Annie Award for Best Animated Feature Film, as well as receiving a nomination for the BAFTA Aw... | 6qURaWBMgkGvAs4vzB7o | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "His concept, in which animals live in a modern world designed by animals for animals, was well received by Lasseter, who responded by embracing and lifting Howard \"in the air like a baby Simba\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | ... | Zootopia was not well received by the public. | 0 | 0 | Zootopia |
History | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Institution | Legislation",
"text": "NP leaders argued that South Africa did not comprise a single nation, but was made up of four distinct racial groups: white, black, Coloured and Indian."
}
] | 6qo3OW1sKQPzv9UhZBbd | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"aparthood\") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 until the early 1990s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Population Registration Act, 1950 classifi... | Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that categorized four groups based on race. | 2 | 6 | Apartheid |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert, who invaded in 1101, disputed Henry's control of England; this military campaign ended in a negotiated settlement that confirmed Henry as king."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign, 1100–06 | Treaty of Alton, 1101–02",
"text": "By early 1101, Henry... | 6qugQfw4fHH89agfb6ES | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life, 1068–1099 | Childhood and appearance, 1068–86",
"text": "Physically he resembled his older brothers Robert Curthose, Richard and William Rufus, being, as historian David Carpenter describes, \"short, stocky and barrel-chested,\" with black hair."
},
{
"section_header... | Henry I's brother Robert wanted to be king of England. | 0 | 0 | Henry I of England |
Technology | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Controversy and litigation | Alleged unfair business practices",
"text": "Many business owners have said that Yelp salespeople have offered to remove or suppress negative reviews if they purchase advertising."
}
] | 6r2FwCxIotf34kigwBtG | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "Yelp added the ability for business owners to respond to reviews in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Public entity (2012–present)",
"text": "It is dubbed as Google Pigeon, which helped authoritative... | Yelp gets mixed reviews from smaller business owners. | 1 | 6 | Yelp |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Restoration and eighteenth century",
"text": "Ferdinand Fleck, notable as the first German actor to present Shakespeare's tragic roles in their fullness, played Macbeth at the Berlin National Theatre from 1787."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history |... | 6rPmkBMB1ziNf60HfMW2 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Performance history | 20th century to present",
"text": "Kurosawa was a fan of the play and planned his own adaptation for several years, postponing it after learning of Orson Welles' Macbeth (1948)."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | Witchcraft and evil",
"text": ... | Macbeth was not well receieved in the 1800s. | 0 | 0 | Macbeth |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider and the largest machine in the world."
}
] | 6rkx6iRMYFil00lcqQZ6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider and the largest machine in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In particle physics, colliders are used as a research tool: they accelerate pa... | It is the largest energy particle collider and machine in the world. | 1 | 4 | Large Hadron Collider |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cecil John Rhodes (5 July 1853 – 26 March 1902) was a British mining magnate, and politician in southern Africa who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896."
}
] | 6sFaU3uYuTFcycRwrQb2 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Then-president Robert Mugabe also opposed the move."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "\"The Return of the Ronin\". The 1976 Hugh Masekela album Colonial Man has a song titled \"Cecil Rhodes\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
... | Cecil Rhodes was the founder of Rhodesia and President of the Cape Colony. | 0 | 1 | Cecil Rhodes |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Climate",
"text": "The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus' tropopause is 49 K (−224 °C; −371 °F), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has the coldest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System, with a minimum ... | 6t6qAbqYAnD9RuMS4yZm | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Moons | Planetary rings",
"text": "These new rings are so far from Uranus that they are called the \"outer\" ring system."
},
{
"section_header": "Orbit and rotation | Axial tilt",
"text": "The labelling of this pole as \"south\" uses the definition currently endorsed by the... | The new rings of Uranus in the Solar System are part of a system heating up the hottest planet using a network of spinning energy. | 0 | 0 | Uranus |
Popular Culture | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Biographer Patrick McGilligan stated in his book Jack's Life that Latvian-born Eddie King (originally Edgar A. Kirschfeld), June's manager, may have been Nicholson's biological father, rather than Furcillo."
}
] | 6tFMywq0VHx6aWmvqdcz | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "The film's director, Rob Reiner, recalls how Nicholson's level of acting experience affected the other actors during rehearsals: \"I had the luck of having Jack Nicholson there."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s",
"text": "Jack Nicholson's per... | Jack Nicholson's biological parentage may have included European royalty. | 0 | 1 | Jack Nicholson |
Literature | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Study in Scarlet is an 1887 detective novel written by Arthur Conan Doyle."
}
] | 6tGjPsa0mGIl4NPdeop5 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "A two-reel short film, also titled A Study in Scarlet, was released in the United States in 1914, a day after the British film with the same title was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "In the film, titled A Study i... | A Study in Scarlet was originally a crime film. | 3 | 7 | A Study in Scarlet |
Science | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Features",
"text": "Orion's seven brightest stars form a distinctive hourglass-shaped asterism, or pattern, in the night sky."
}
] | 6u64uekPKZzxkTMfFwwK | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Features | Deep-sky objects",
"text": "It contains a dark dust cloud whose shape gives the nebula its name."
},
{
"section_header": "Features",
"text": "Orion's seven brightest stars form a distinctive hourglass-shaped asterism, or pattern, in the night sky."
},
{
"s... | Orion has a prism like shape. | 3 | 7 | Orion (constellation) |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The outstanding catcher of the 1870s during baseball's barehanded period, he caught more games than any other player during the decade, and was a major figure on five consecutive championship teams from 1873 to 1877 – three in the National Association (NA), in which h... | 6v1IAa175aAoC01VNurd | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "On May 16, 1884 White recorded 11 assists at third base, which remains the major league record for a nine-inning game although eight other players have since tied the mark."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He was considered the b... | White caught the most balls in 70s baseball. | 0 | 3 | Deacon White |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Instead, he was traded to the New York Yankees on December 7, 1967."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "As a player, Cox originally signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers, but was never able to make the Dodgers' major league team."
}
] | 6vEiRn11FkFQA0mA9zpa | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | New York Yankees farm system",
"text": "He then spent the 1977 season as the first base coach on Billy Martin's staff with the World Series–winning Yankees before beginning his MLB managerial career."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Cox ... | Bobby Cox played for the Yankees at the beginning of his MLB career. | 0 | 0 | Bobby Cox |
Popular Culture | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1940–1948: Career beginnings",
"text": "She was carefully groomed for stardom and given a new name: Jennifer Jones."
}
] | 6vHL2fQkrV8n5DsAL67o | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jennifer Jones (born Phylis Lee Isley; March 2, 1919 – December 17, 2009), also known as Jennifer Jones Simon, was an American actress and mental health advocate."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "Public discussion of Jones's working relatio... | Jennifer Jones was selected and trained to be famous, including having her moniker changed from it's original 'Phylis Lee Isely', to something more palatable to the public. | 0 | 4 | Jennifer Jones |
NOCAT | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pope Gregory Pope Gregory I (Latin: Gregorius I; c. 540 – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death."
}
] | 6vTvKHOVbUCQP7lmzFN7 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Apocrisiariate (579–585) | Controversy with Eutychius",
"text": "Shortly after both Gregory and Eutychius became ill; Gregory recovered, but Eutychius died on 5 April 582, at age 70."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Alms",
"text": "The state in which Gregory became pope in ... | Pope Gregory I became died in 604 due to at the age of 70.. | 1 | 2 | Pope Gregory I |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Education in Japan",
"text": "He began his military training at the Baoding Military Academy in 1906, the same year Japan left its bimetallic currency standard, devaluing its yen."
},
{
"section_header": "Education in Japan",
"text": "During his first visit to Japan to pursu... | 6wY3i87UKPSrcZWtVwj4 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Education in Japan",
"text": "In a 1969 speech, Chiang related a story about his boat trip to Japan at nineteen years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Education in Japan",
"text": "Successive demands of the Western powers and Japan since the Opium War had left China owing milli... | Chiang Kai-shek was educated in Japan. | 0 | 0 | Chiang Kai-shek |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was written and directed by Joss Whedon and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey Jr., Chris Hemsworth, Mark Ruffalo, Chris Evans, Scarlett Johansson, Jeremy Renner, Don Cheadle, Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Elizabeth Olsen, Paul Bettany, Cobie Smuld... | 6wfbwltgkT2iuUld2dFF | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Thor departs to consult with Dr. Erik Selvig on the apocalyptic future he saw in his hallucination, while Nick Fury arrives and encourages the team to form a plan to stop Ultron."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "so he's a very dangerous child.\" Samue... | Written by Nick Fury and directed by Joss Whedon Avengers: Age of Ultron was well received. | 0 | 0 | Avengers: Age of Ultron |
Science | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "All echinoderms are marine and nearly all are benthic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata (from Ancient Greek, ἐχῖνος, echinos – \"hedgehog\" and δέρμα, d... | 6xGJf9nFjZhjQHJpotFa | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The phylum contains about 7000 living species, making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes (a superphylum), after the chordates (which include the vertebrates, such as birds, fishes, mammals, and reptiles)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"te... | All the mammals are Echinodermatas. | 0 | 1 | Echinodermata |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles James \"Chick\" Hafey (February 12, 1903 – July 2, 1973) was an American player in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
}
] | 6xhbTcskRE5AGBIeOLh0 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "Hafey, however, had suffered multiple beanings in 1926."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "Hafey was fifth in the voting for the 1931 MVP award."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Hafey... | Hafey received his nickname because he was very handsome and attracted many women to him. | 0 | 0 | Chick Hafey |
Literature | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A county is a geographical region of a country used for administrative or other purposes, in certain modern nations."
}
] | 6yDn4EqepHgTo9qvawVi | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "The Americas | United States",
"text": "Forty-eight of the 50 U.S. states use the term \"county\", while Alaska and Louisiana use the terms \"borough\" and \"parish\", respectively, for analogous jurisdictions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Outside English-spea... | County is a term for land and not all countries use this term. | 0 | 8 | County |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After earning his bachelor's degree from an East Coast college, Benjamin Braddock returns to his parents' Pasadena, California home."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film tells the story of 21-year-old Benjamin Braddock (Dustin Hoffman), a rece... | 6yS8LfKtd0JIRmPNqHKn | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Graduate is a 1967 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Mike Nichols and written by Buck Henry and Calder Willingham, based on the 1963 novel of the same name by Charles Webb, who wrote it shortly after graduating from Williams College."
},
{
"s... | The Graduate is a 1967 American romantic comedy-drama film about Brad and Ben's adventures after college in California | 0 | 0 | The Graduate |
Literature | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "Running for 207 performances, it starred Wallace Ford as George and Broderick Crawford as Lennie."
}
] | 6yYxtsoCksza5eAiWL12 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Of Mice and Men has been challenged (proposed for censorship) 54 times since it was published in 1936."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio",
"text": "Of Mice and Men was adapted by Donna Franceschild as a radio play directed by Kirsty Williams s... | Of Mice and Men's adapted play was performed over 200 times. | 3 | 7 | Of Mice and Men |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874) was the 13th president of the United States (1850–1853), the last to be a member of the Whig Party"
}
] | 6yZ32m7Z2La7XvlB920Q | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Congressman | First term; return to Buffalo",
"text": "Fillmore spent his time out of office building his law practice and boosting the Whig Party, which gradually absorbed most of the Anti-Masons."
},
{
"section_header": "Congressman | First term; return to Buffalo",
"text"... | Fillmore was the first participant of the Whig Party. | 0 | 0 | Millard Fillmore |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "Schumann was born in Zwickau, in the Kingdom of Saxony (today Central Germany), the fifth and last child of Johanna Christiane (née Schnabel) and August Schumann."
}
] | 6yrddmC92OcslOXzG21G | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "List of compositions by Robert Schumann"
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Category :Compositions by Robert Schumann"
},
{
"section_header": "Media portrayals",
"text": "Seinfeld : Robert Schumann is mentioned in a 1991 episo... | Robert Schumann was the first kid from his parents. | 0 | 0 | Robert Schumann |
History | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Later criticism",
"text": "The Congress of Vienna was the first of a series of international meetings that came to be known as the Concert of Europe, which was an attempt to forge a peaceful balance of power in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, oth... | 6z1vBmVwvJHYl0gUYCSR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Later criticism",
"text": "Besides, the main decisions of the Congress were made by the Four Great Powers and not all the countries of Europe could extend their rights at the Congress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Congress of Vienna (French: Congrès de Vie... | The Congress of Vienna brought stability to European countries. | 1 | 2 | Congress of Vienna |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "The film earned $10.5 million in rentals in North America and $5 million overseas."
}
] | 6zE6rzH9P1g5ZQEcwxuQ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 100% of critics have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 7.2/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "The film earned $10.5 million in rentals in North Ameri... | Sayonara 1957 American Technicolor drama film that earned $10.5 million in rentals in North America and $25 million overseas, and with review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 100% of critics have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 7.2/10 | 0 | 0 | Sayonara |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cloud Gate is a public sculpture by Indian-born British artist Sir Anish Kapoor, that is the centerpiece of AT&T Plaza at Millennium Park in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Visitors are able to walk... | 6zRPRHV2rxzzKO6dx2Gn | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cloud Gate was formally dedicated on May 15, 2006, and has since gained considerable popularity, both domestically and internationally."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cloud Gate is a public sculpture by Indian-born British artist Sir Anish Kap... | Cloud Gate can be described as a tourist attraction. | 0 | 0 | Cloud Gate |
Popular Culture | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Critically lauded, Chicago won six Academy Awards in 2003, including Best Picture, the first musical to win Best Picture since Oliver!"
}
] | 70IXF2rGS3GCUC5Em5x0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Production and development",
"text": "A film version of Chicago was to have been the next project for Bob Fosse, who had directed and choreographed the original 1975 Broadway production and had won an Oscar for his direction of the film version of Cabaret (1972)."
},
{
"section_... | The film Chicago got six oscars. | 1 | 6 | Chicago (2002 film) |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Lou Gehrig (Cooper) is a young Columbia University student whose old-fashioned mother (Elsa Janssen) wants him to study hard and become an engineer, but the young man has a gift for baseball."
}
] | 70tjVC9aVH40kWSomsPs | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical",
"text": "Baseball fans who hope to see much baseball played in Pride of the Yankees will be disappointed."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and other recognition",
"text": "Film Editor Daniel Mandell won an Academy Award for his work on The Pride of the ... | The Pride of the Yankees is about a Harvard student that wants to play basketball. | 0 | 0 | The Pride of the Yankees |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is best known for his widely-read anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator, which he founded in 1831 and published in Boston until hereditary slavery in the United States was abolished by Constitutional amendment in 1865."
}
] | 71EIYiphmqEm7evy2dZD | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Works | Newspapers",
"text": "From the Antislavery Literature Project)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | The Liberator",
"text": "In 1831, Garrison, fully aware of the press as a means to bring about political change, returned to New England, where he co-founded a weekly an... | Garrison founded an anti-slavery newspaper. | 0 | 0 | William Lloyd Garrison |
Music | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "In 2007, the Beatles became the first band to feature on a series of UK postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail."
}
] | 71HQD0hagPyXgcmVmDmB | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "In 2007, the Beatles became the first band to feature on a series of UK postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 2000s",
"text": "The Beatles: Rock Band, a music video ga... | They were the first rock band to to be on a stamp. | 3 | 7 | The Beatles |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922."
}
] | 71dgGQdln97oVNgJ4sN8 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters"... | The novel follows characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg. | 2 | 5 | The Great Gatsby |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Flipkart is an Indian e-commerce company based in Bangalore, Karnataka, India."
}
] | 71uYkYH6qpWoA5Zesvdv | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In February 2012, the company unveiled its DRM-free online music store Flyte."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In May 2014, Flipkart acquired Myntra, an online fashion retailer, for ₹20 billion (US$280 million)."
},
{
"section_header": "... | Flipkart is an online shoe store, catering to tennis shoe collectors and enthusiasts. | 0 | 0 | Flipkart |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Hubbell was originally signed by the Detroit Tigers and was invited to spring training in 1926."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "At the time of his death, he was one of the last New York Giants still active in some capaci... | 72C9YXwO6bWjSisT29KZ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carl Owen Hubbell (June 22, 1903 – November 21, 1988), nicknamed \"The Meal Ticket\" and \"King Carl\", was an American Major League Baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "At the time of his death, he was one of the last N... | American Baseball player Carl Hubbell played for the New York Giants and the Detroit Tigers. | 0 | 0 | Carl Hubbell |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wright was also the first to make baseball into a business by paying his players up to seven times the pay of the average working man."
}
] | 72CgUuHfbUSoskuY4wyF | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He assembled, managed, and played center field for baseball's first fully professional team, the 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston | The National Association years",
"text": "The team was to play in the newly formed National As... | Harry Wright played center field for baseball's first fully professional team, but is also known as a manager who offered his professional baseball players a higher paying wage than other blue collar workers. | 0 | 3 | Harry Wright |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Éric Alfred Leslie Satie (UK: , US: , French: [eʁik sati]; 17 May 1866 – 1 July 1925), who signed his name Erik Satie after 1884, was a French composer and pianist."
}
] | 72I9eUUNa1riU33E4nBx | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Life | Montmartre",
"text": "During their relationship, Satie composed the Danses gothiques as a means of calming his mind, and Valadon painted a portrait of Satie, which she gave to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "Years later, Satie related that M... | Satie was a Belgian composer. | 0 | 0 | Erik Satie |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Typical values | Refractive index below unity",
"text": "According to the theory of relativity, no information can travel faster than the speed of light in vacuum, but this does not mean that the refractive index cannot be less than 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Microscopic explan... | 72nBGNkbc2p836xFfgxx | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Typical values | Refractive index below unity",
"text": "Since the refractive index of the ionosphere (a plasma), is less than"
},
{
"section_header": "Typical values | Refractive index below unity",
"text": "According to the theory of relativity, no information can travel f... | A refractive index cannot be less than 1. | 0 | 0 | Refractive index |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He has German, English, and Irish ancestry."
}
] | 73idAldf8AoANGU0kPiP | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Charity",
"text": "Along with his brother Billy, he formed the Cal Ripken Sr., Foundation in 2001 to give underprivileged children the opportunity to attend baseball camps around the country and learn the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Baltimore Orioles | 1981–1986",
"text":... | In addition to a number of western European countries, Cal Ripken Jr's heritage includes Polish. | 0 | 0 | Cal Ripken Jr. |
History | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Babur was born in Andijan in the Fergana Valley (in present-day Uzbekistan): the eldest son of Umar Sheikh Mirza (1456–1494, governor of Fergana from 1469 to 1494) and a great-great grandson of Timur (1336–1405)."
}
] | 73xsk7i6mGfO7Nu6GAjJ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Family | Issue | Daughters",
"text": "Married in 1530 to Isan Timur Sultan, ninth son of Ahmad Alaq of Moghulistan, the maternal uncle of Emperor Babur."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "'l-ʿazam wa 'l-ḫāqān al-mukkarram pādshāh-e ġāzī."
},
{
"section_header":... | Babur was a son of Timur. | 2 | 4 | Babur |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Howl\", also known as \"Howl for Carl Solomon\", is a poem written by Allen Ginsberg in 1954–1955 and published in his 1956 collection Howl and Other Poems."
}
] | 74Ji4yDcP24CtBSRi4HX | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Overview and structure | Part I",
"text": "Called by Ginsberg \"a lament for the Lamb in America with instances of remarkable lamb-like youths\", Part I is perhaps the best known, and communicates scenes, characters, and situations drawn from Ginsberg's personal experience as well as fr... | Howl was printed in the 1950s. | 0 | 0 | Howl |
History | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr. ONH (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940) was a Jamaican political activist, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator."
}
] | 74QXsi5cqkwOPKeBCCI0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Organization of UNIA | Imprisonment: 1925–1927",
"text": "He also wrote The Meditations of Marcus Garvey, its name an allusion to The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius."
},
{
"section_header": "Organization of UNIA | The growth of UNIA: 1918–1921",
"text": "Several British colo... | Marcus Garvey was from the Caribbeans. | 3 | 3 | Marcus Garvey |
History | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster, represented by a red rose, and the House of York, represente... | 751G8z5CzrjgFuyi3Ubk | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early stages | Act of Accord",
"text": "Somerset was appointed Governor of Calais and was dispatched to take over the vital fortress on the French coast, but his attempts to evict Warwick were easily repulsed."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Henry VI",
"te... | The Wars of the Roses was about taking over the Tower of Warwick. | 1 | 3 | Wars of the Roses |
History | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Downfall | Death",
"text": "He died just after midnight on 30 July 1898, at the age of eighty-three in Friedrichsruh, where he is entombed in the Bismarck Mausoleum."
}
] | 751h8KkJlA1HCwoJhpQQ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Minister President of Prussia | Defeat of Austria",
"text": "Legislation was the responsibility of the Reichstag, a popularly elected body, and the Bundesrat, an advisory body representing the states."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall | Death",
"text": "He died just after mi... | Bismarck's body was laid to rest in the Bismarck Mausoleum. | 3 | 8 | Otto von Bismarck |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Books",
"text": "Yet Tour (2019) 2012: The Alamo and Beyond: A Collector's Journey 2016: Not Dead Yet: The Autobiography"
}
] | 75DDi33NS13Ivgvig54T | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Collins was also influenced by the jazz and big band drummer Buddy Rich, whose opinion on the importance of the hi-hat prompted him to stop using two bass drums and start using the hi-hat."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
... | Collins has three books about his life. | 0 | 0 | Phil Collins |
History | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He became heir apparent to the three kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1612 on the death of his elder brother Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales."
}
] | 75VdQSUCQrhvSl1m1wNg | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "Together, they embodied an image of virtue and family life, and their court became a model of formality and morality."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, styles, honours and arms | Titles and styles",
"text": "The authors of his death warrant referred to ... | Charles became King to 2 countries due to a death in the family. | 3 | 7 | Charles I of England |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot | Villeneuve's version",
"text": "A widower merchant lives in a mansion with his six children (three sons and three daughters)."
}
] | 75tq4AyhwYJ7737fyNfx | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Modern uses and adaptations | Television",
"text": "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics episode \"Beauty and the Beast\" (The Story of the Summer Garden and the Winter Garden) (1988), in which the Beast has an ogre-like appearance."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern uses and adaptations | ... | In the fairy tale Beauty and the Beast, Beauty has five siblings. | 1 | 3 | Beauty and the Beast |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Health",
"text": "All surviving sources, except Pliny the Elder, characterize Caligula as insane."
}
] | 75yKKlArejI51tsGwnPM | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Health",
"text": "The other parts of his body were much covered with hair ... He was crazy both in body and mind, being subject, when a boy, to the falling sickness."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Primary sources",
"text": "On Tranquility of Mind On the Sho... | Caligula was of sane mind and body. | 0 | 0 | Caligula |
History | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jawaharlal Nehru (; Hindi: [ˈdʒəʋaːɦərˈlaːl ˈneːɦru] (listen); 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist and, subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India, as well as a central figure in Indian politics both before and after independence."... | 76PBglatjocxXeXePZuL | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister of India (1947–1964)",
"text": "Nehru served as prime minister for 18 years, first as the interim prime minister and from 1950 as the prime minister of the republic of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister of India (1947–1964) | Interim Prime Minister and... | Nehru was the second ever Prime Minister of India. | 0 | 5 | Jawaharlal Nehru |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The play is introduced to the audience by Tom, the narrator and protagonist, as a memory play based on his recollection of his mother Amanda and his sister Laura."
}
] | 76td9RbgRrFh8jV3MU0m | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He and Laura share a quiet dance, in which he accidentally brushes against her glass menagerie, knocking a glass unicorn to the floor and breaking off its horn."
},
{
"section_header": "Later stage productions",
"text": ", Kiefer Sutherland returned t... | The Glass Menagerie is a theatrical story presented as the recollections the main character is sharing about his female relatives. | 0 | 0 | The Glass Menagerie |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Rickey's grave overlooks the Scioto Valley, about three miles from his boyhood home in Stockdale, Ohio."
}
] | 76yjgwfV4t9p0HRmowIc | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "A public speaker in his later years, on November 13, 1965, Rickey collapsed in the middle of a speech in Columbia, Missouri, as he was being elected to the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | St. Louis Cardinals (1919–1942)",
"tex... | Rickey's burial spot is in Missouri and is near the Missouri Valley. | 0 | 5 | Branch Rickey |
Sports | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Chipper Jones was born in DeLand, Florida, on April 24, 1972."
}
] | 77I0L9JHrcCp5CMsR8ce | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Draft",
"text": "Atlanta then selected Jones, who played shortstop at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major league career (1993–2012) | 2000–2005",
"text": "Jones was 3rd in the league with a .435 on-base percentage."
},
{
... | Jones is from Jacksonville. | 1 | 2 | Chipper Jones |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Managing career",
"text": "Traynor became the Pirates' player-manager during the 1934 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career",
"text": "He retired as an active player after the 1937 season, but continued as the Pirates' manager."
}
] | 77c8v8pcSaCgBNIcO7x7 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Managing career",
"text": "He almost won another pennant as a manager in 1938, as the Pirates led the NL for most of the season before faltering to the Chicago Cubs in the famous \"Homer in the Gloamin'\" game at Wrigley Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Har... | Harold Joseph "Pie" Traynor was the manager of the Chicago Cubs. | 0 | 3 | Pie Traynor |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Widely regarded as one of the greatest second basemen of all time, Gehringer, who batted left-handed and threw with his right, compiled a .320 batting average and had seven seasons with more than 200 hits."
}
] | 78RnI0EBI3pRNgVkbh99 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "In 1999, he ranked Number 46 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was nominated as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "At age 82, Gehr... | American baseball player Charlie Gehringer was ambidextrous. | 0 | 0 | Charlie Gehringer |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Found within the province of North Holland, Amsterdam is colloquially referred to as the \"Venice of the North\", attributed by the large number of canals which form a UNESCO World Heritage Site."
}
] | 78l1dF4nkETOC6QFRmJR | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Nightlife",
"text": "Since Amsterdam is a multicultural city, a lot of different ethnic restaurants can be found."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Immigration",
"text": "In the 1960s guest workers from Turkey, Morocco, Italy, and Spain emigrated to Amsterdam... | Many would say that Amsterdam and Venice, Italy have a lot in common. | 0 | 0 | Amsterdam |
Geography | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Chichen Itza is located in the eastern portion of Yucatán state in Mexico."
}
] | 78qnfgTwkrxLFYTEz7y9 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Chichen Itza is located in the eastern portion of Yucatán state in Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza is one of the most visited archaeological sites in Mexico with over 2.6 million tourists in 2017."
},
{
"section_he... | Chichen Itza is a tourist location in western Mexico. | 3 | 6 | Chichen Itza |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The Pandava and Kaurava princes",
"text": "He is born healthy and grows up to be one of the wisest characters in the Mahabharata."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The Pandava and Kaurava princes",
"text": "Vyasa fathers a third son, Vidura, by the maid."
}
] | 790fktesqo5u5nySQeYu | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The Pandava and Kaurava princes",
"text": "He is born healthy and grows up to be one of the wisest characters in the Mahabharata."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | The Pandava and Kaurava princes",
"text": "Vyasa fathers a third son, Vidura, by the maid."
},
... | Vidura's parents are Vyasa and a maid and he is one of the smartest characters in the Mahabharata. | 3 | 5 | Mahabharata |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Of those businesses the youth academy remains in operation, with the restaurant having closed in 2010 after changing ownership and locations once."
}
] | 79O6GFmC99yt7TZZQvkM | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Smith opened \"Ozzie's\" restaurant and sports bar in 1988, started a youth sports academy in 1990, became an investor in a grocery store chain in 1999, and partnered with David Slay to open a restaurant in the early 2000s."
},
{
"section_header": ... | Ozzie Smith opened a youth sports academy in 1990 that closed in 1996 after a fire. | 4 | 5 | Ozzie Smith |
Literature | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Theories | Conditioning theories",
"text": "Conditioning plays a huge part in the concept of persuasion."
},
{
"section_header": "Theories | Conditioning theories",
"text": "It is more often about leading someone into taking certain actions of their own, rather than giving d... | 79T3OW97eAa0zNjbHITI | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Theories | Conditioning theories",
"text": "This conditioning is thought to affect how people view certain products, knowing that most purchases are made on the basis of emotion."
},
{
"section_header": "Theories | Inoculation theory",
"text": "An example would be a manufact... | The idea of inception is purely a product of the writer behind the movie, and has no basis in real persuasive theory. | 1 | 2 | Persuasion |
Geography | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "the former Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal cathedral, later an Ottoman imperial mosque and now a museum (Ayasofya Müzesi) in Istanbul, Turkey."
}
] | 7A43Hs1xK8AfCOnArfCs | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was re-opened in 1935 as a museum by the Republic of Turkey."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable elements and decorations | Mosaics | 19th-century restoration",
"text": "Most of the missing images were located in the building's two tympana."
},
{
"... | It is located in Turkey. | 1 | 8 | Hagia Sophia |
Sports | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cochrane was considered one of the best catchers in baseball history and is a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame."
}
] | 7A8A5AHBTrbmcJQwQ7NI | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "He was also known as \"Black Mike\" because of his fiery, competitive nature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cochrane was considered one of the best catchers in baseball history and is a member of the Baseball H... | Mickey was known as one of the best pitchers in baseball history and was known for his competitive nature. | 1 | 5 | Mickey Cochrane |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Goethe, aged 24 at the time, finished Werther in five-and-a-half weeks of intensive writing in January–March 1774."
}
] | 7AMIX8ujXr2J56111OL0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Most of The Sorrows of Young Werther, a story about unrequited love, is presented as a collection of letters written by Werther, a young artist of a sensitive and passionate temperament, to his friend Wilhelm."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations",
"... | The Sorrows of Young Werther was written in less than six weeks. | 3 | 4 | The Sorrows of Young Werther |
Sports | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Baseball executive and coaching career",
"text": "Simmons rejoined the Braves in October 2015, as a scout."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He spent three seasons with the Braves as a utility player and pinch hitter before retiring as a player in 1988 at th... | 7BXqzHu76mmLPqvtON9j | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Baseball executive and coaching career",
"text": "He also was Director of Player Development for both the Cardinals and San Diego Padres, and a scout at the Major League level for the Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball executive and coaching career",
"text"... | Ted Simmons worked for the Braves as both a player and a scout. | 0 | 2 | Ted Simmons |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2014–present: My House and upcoming fifth studio album",
"text": "In July 2017, he declared in an interview that his fifth album is still in the works and that it's 70 percent finished."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2014–present: My House and upcom... | 7BbqvrZbsWjcwWcTU8LA | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2011: Only One Flo (Part 1)",
"text": "In March 2010, Flo Rida announced on Twitter that the album would be titled The Only One."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2014–present: My House and upcoming fifth studio album",
"text": "In July 2017, ... | Flo Rida has announced he is working on his fifth album. | 0 | 0 | Flo Rida |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wahlberg transitioned from music to acting, with his screen debut in Renaissance Man (1994) and his first starring role in Fear (1996)."
}
] | 7Bha26TeF1eCgZHiSud1 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the early 2000s, he ventured into big budget action-oriented movies, such as The Perfect Storm (2000), Planet of the Apes (2001), and The Italian Job (2003)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Film",
"text": "During the early 2000s, Wahlberg appeared in ... | Wahlberg's first movie as an actor was Planet of the Apes. | 0 | 4 | Mark Wahlberg |
Literature | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad."
}
] | 7BnYJaBEmI4BYVComRiU | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The two protagonists, Gibreel Farishta and Saladin Chamcha, are both actors of Indian Muslim background."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life ... | The Satanic Verses is Rushdie's fifth novel based on true events from al-Waqidi, Saladin Chamcha and Gibreel Farishta. | 3 | 4 | The Satanic Verses |
Subsets and Splits
Texts Containing Winter
Filters dataset entries containing the word "winter" which provides basic keyword search capability but offers limited analytical value beyond simple text matching.