category stringclasses 9
values | correct_votes int64 0 12 | gold_evidence list | id stringlengths 20 20 | label stringclasses 2
values | retrieved_evidence list | text stringlengths 16 429 | total_likes int64 0 7 | total_votes int64 0 13 | wikipedia_page stringlengths 3 49 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "Hoffman has been widely reported in different media to have harassed Streep during the making of the movie, and the two had a contentious working relationship as a result."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "In a 1979 Time magazine intervie... | QfHq9PQPFxdUbVhuCxMs | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Dustin Hoffman, Meryl Streep, Jane Alexander, and Justin Henry."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Meryl Streep as Joanna (Stern) Kramer"
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "Kramer vs. Kramer reflected a cult... | Kramer vs. Kramer is a movie starring Dustin Hoffman, who abused co-star Meryl Streep during filming. | 0 | 0 | Kramer vs. Kramer |
History | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Emperor | War of the Sixth Coalition",
"text": "Although the French were victorious in the initial battles during the campaign in Germany, they were eventually defeated at the Battle of Leipzig in the autumn of 1813, which proved to be a decisive victory."
},
{
"section_header":... | QfnXaWdZ9u64xk0wcpVc | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Postbellum | Peace of Paris and the Congress of Vienna",
"text": "Such was Alexander's mood when the downfall of Napoleon left him one of the most powerful sovereigns in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Postbellum | Revolt of the Greeks",
"text": "From this time until his de... | Alexander's many victories against Napoleon galvanized his previous resolve to conquer Europe. | 2 | 3 | Alexander I of Russia |
Sports | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William \"Buck\" Ewing (October 17, 1859 – October 20, 1906) was an American Major League Baseball player and manager."
}
] | QgaDYTUScdcyGXeHBTl2 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1890, when a player revolt led to the formation of the short-lived Players' League, Ewing led the New York franchise as both star player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William \"Buck\" Ewing (October 17, 1859 – October 20, 1906)... | Ewing was a MLB player and manager. | 1 | 5 | Buck Ewing |
History | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen (UK: , US: ; 16 July 1872 – c. 18 June 1928) was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions and a key figure of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration."
}
] | QhVmyUyWXU37xNnDDDk8 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Works by Amundsen",
"text": "My Life as an Explorer. New York: Doubleday."
},
{
"section_header": "Disappearance and death",
"text": "Amundsen's French Latham 47 flying boat never returned."
},
{
"section_header": "Works by Amundsen",
"text": "The North-West Pass... | Amundsen was a French explorer. | 0 | 2 | Roald Amundsen |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "When principal photography began in August 1979 the original intention was for a 15- to 16-week shoot, but it ultimately took one year."
}
] | QhtuhXwk1852Y3y4FmJU | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming took place in five different countries and at various points the crew had to wait for snow to fall in Helsinki (and other parts of Finland), which stood in for the Soviet Union, and for rain to stop in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Produ... | The filming of Reds only took seven months. | 0 | 0 | Reds (film) |
Sports | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "The Yankees purchased Dickey from Jackson for $12,500 ($186,119 in current dollar terms)."
}
] | QjWIGif3kMgNs21UL6g8 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Blackburne signed Dickey to play for his team."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Dickey played in three games for Little Rock in 1925, then was assigned to Muskogee in 1926, where he had a .283 batting average in 61 games."
},
... | Bill Dickey was playing ball for the Muskogee Athletics when he was signed to the Yankees. | 2 | 5 | Bill Dickey |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Connection to Death in Venice",
"text": "The atmosphere was to derive from the \"mixture of death and amusement\" that Mann had encountered whilst visiting his wife in a Swiss sanatorium."
}
] | Qk0qhfTAbfHpTF3ix5TV | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Connection to Death in Venice",
"text": "According to the author, he originally planned The Magic Mountain as a novella, a humorous, ironic, satirical (and satyric) follow-up to Death in Venice, which he had completed in 1912."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary... | The author of The Magic Mountain was inspired to cross themes of dying and comedy after he visited a family member in a psychiatric hospital. | 0 | 0 | The Magic Mountain |
Sports | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Willie James Wells (August 10, 1906 – January 22, 1989), nicknamed \"The Devil,\" was an American baseball player."
}
] | QkO6aVWflD02r6TSffrm | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Wells was born in Austin, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "While with the Eagles, Wells was part of the \"Million Dollar Infield,\" consisting of Wells, Ray Dandridge, Dick Seay, and Mule Suttles."
},
{
"section_hea... | Wells was referred to as "The Devil". | 3 | 5 | Willie Wells |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( VAHG-nər, German: [ˈʁɪçaʁt ˈvaːɡnɐ] (listen); 22 May 1813 – 13 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas ("
}
] | QkPmLXQaxqmX7MIQNpzh | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early years",
"text": "Until he was fourteen, Wagner was known as Wilhelm Richard Geyer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "or, as some of his mature works were later known, \"music dramas\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wilhe... | Wagner was mostly known for his operas. | 0 | 0 | Richard Wagner |
History | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate (徳川幕府, Tokugawa bakufu), also known, especially in Japanese, as the Edo shogunate (江戸幕府, Edo bakufu), was the feudal military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1600 to 1868.The"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ... | QkoWqlYC8RMFfb8AGJub | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Government | Relations with the Emperor",
"text": "The shogunate secured a nominal grant of administration (体制, taisei) by the Imperial Court in Kyoto to the Tokugawa family."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Relations with the Emperor",
"text": "The shogunate issued the... | The Tokugawa shogunate was a government in Japan and was succeeded by the Imperial Court. | 0 | 1 | Tokugawa shogunate |
Popular Culture | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television series."
}
] | QlLcEHkI1ONsRI5yCuoe | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Goodfellas inspired director David Chase to make the HBO television series The Sopranos.\" He told Peter Bogdanovich, \"Goodfellas is a very important movie to me and Goodfellas really plowed that ... I found that movie very funny and brutal"
},
{
"section_head... | Goodfellas's style did not inspire other movies. | 1 | 4 | Goodfellas |
History | 8 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gaius Julius Caesar ( SEE-zər, Latin: [ˈɡaːɪ.ʊs ˈjuːlɪ.ʊs ˈkae̯.sar]; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire."
}
] | QlXaQ7lnNLaZrYkogtl9 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During this time he both invaded Britain and built a bridge across the Rhine river, greatly extending Roman territory."
},
{
"section_header": "Consulship and military campaigns | Civil war",
"text": "Caesar then pursued Pompey to Egypt, arriving soon afte... | Julius Caesar was an Egypian general who has greatly impacted both Egypt and the Roman Empire. | 3 | 9 | Julius Caesar |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Organ",
"text": "The organ was dedicated in 1868."
}
] | QlY0HH6HcafkFWQUYlYw | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Organ",
"text": "The current organ has 115 stops (156 ranks) on five manuals and pedal, and more than 8,000 pipes."
},
{
"section_header": "Organ",
"text": "The organ was dedicated in 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Organ",
"text": "It was reported that the organ ... | The current organ is from the 1800s. | 0 | 0 | Notre-Dame de Paris |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "His inability to relate to the feelings of others and his entire lack of empathy – the cruelty instilled in him by the \"world\" – is epitomized in the very first stanza of the first book by his stunningly self-centered thoughts about being with the dying uncle w... | QlZ42IiYkChA1z4rZhsB | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "One of the main themes of Eugene Onegin is the relationship between fiction and real life."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "Eugene Onegin: A dandy from Saint Petersburg, about 26."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
... | One of the main themes of the Prussian novel Eugene Onegin is the main character's instability and poverty. | 0 | 0 | Eugene Onegin |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Abu Dhabi was also a filming location; the production crew chose it over Dubai, as they would benefit from the Emirate's 30% rebate scheme."
}
] | QldLPKvSmwbiQSZJ5DGR | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "In May 2013, Diesel said that the sequel would feature Los Angeles, Tokyo, and the Middle East as locations."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside North America",
"text": "It set opening weekend records in 29 countries ... | Furious 7 was filmed in the Middle East. | 0 | 2 | Furious 7 |
History | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (German: Otto der Große, Italian: Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973."
}
] | Qm83crVtGF0LPZCVfJsb | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reign as king | Rebellion of the dukes",
"text": "Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria, died in 937 and was succeeded by his son Eberhard."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Otto II succeeded him as Holy Roman Emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": ... | Otto l was known as Otto the Impaler and his son succeeded him. | 0 | 4 | Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor |
Science | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Africa",
"text": "Goodall had always been passionate about animals and Africa, which brought her to the farm of a friend in the Kenya highlands in 1957."
}
] | Qm8H21E4PlckEHOfzyq0 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Africa",
"text": "She went to Newnham College, Cambridge, and obtained a PhD in ethology."
},
{
"section_header": "Africa",
"text": "Leakey raised funds, and on 14 July 1960, Goodall went to Gombe Stream National Park, becoming the first of what would come to be called The T... | Jane Goodall went to Africa because she was interested in learning about African tribes. | 0 | 1 | Jane Goodall |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thirty were found guilty, nineteen of whom were executed by hanging (fourteen women and five men)."
}
] | Qn5ie7X3bIqZ4ThGrn6u | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "In literature, media and popular culture",
"text": "Most recently, the events of the Salem witch trials were interpreted in the 2018 exploitation-teen comedy film Assassination Nation, which changed the setting to the present United States and added thick social commentary in order to u... | The Salem witch trials actually did not have people being burnt at the stake. | 0 | 0 | Salem witch trials |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played for the St. Louis Cardinals (1915–1926, 1933), New York Giants (1927), Boston Braves (1928), Chicago Cubs (1929–1932), and St. Louis Browns (1933–1937)."
}
] | QnMBzbSfAQ7DXt0Fk3Zk | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "By the age of 15, Hornsby was already playing for several semi-professional teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fort Worth, Texas, Hornsby played for several semi-professional and minor league teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Later... | Hornsby played for five different teams during his professional career. | 0 | 0 | Rogers Hornsby |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2010, upon the departure of Liu, Chang took up his old role as CEO of the company."
}
] | QocHjEYucu0bASVLUKqR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company was founded by Fred Chang, a U.S. immigrant from Taiwan, in 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2010, upon the departure of Liu, Chang took up his old role as CEO of the company."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"... | The company Newegg was founded by Fred Chang who is who is no longer the CEO. | 0 | 0 | Newegg |
Music | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1935–1953: Early years | Teenage life in Memphis",
"text": "In November 1948, the family moved to Memphis, Tennessee."
}
] | QpJudtHSafPG5y3KrMHt | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1935–1953: Early years | Childhood in Tupelo",
"text": "Presley was a devotee of Mississippi Slim's show on the Tupelo radio station WELO."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1935–1953: Early years | Childhood in Tupelo",
"text": "He was jailed for e... | Elvis Presley moved from Mississippi in the 1940's. | 2 | 6 | Elvis Presley |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, also US: ; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni; -fj e]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy."
}
] | Qq6PEU68IsapN5cH5gj6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The Ghibellines were thus the imperial party, while the Guelphs supported the Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Later history",
"text": "In the 15th century, the Guelphs supported Charles VIII of France during his invasion of Italy at the ... | Guelphs and Ghibellines were two groups who supported the Pope and the Roman aristocrat. | 0 | 0 | Guelphs and Ghibellines |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Career overview",
"text": "Clarkson compiled a career 328-178 record, placing him twelfth on the MLB list of all-time wins."
}
] | Qqdu6LaNFIL5BbWKrkdk | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played from 1882 to 1894. Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Clarkson played for the Worcester Ruby Legs (1882), Chicago White Stockings (1884–1887), Boston Beaneaters (1888–1892), and Cleveland Spiders (1892–1894)."
},
{
"section_header": "Chicago White Sto... | John Clarkson is 11th on the all time win list as a pitcher and only played from 1882 to 1894. | 0 | 0 | John Clarkson |
Science | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and the only woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields."
}
] | QrpMWnmYPWHYgeT8wR3c | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and the only woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours, tributes",
"text": "Marie Curie... | Curie was the 2nd woman to win a Nobel Prize. | 2 | 2 | Maria Skłodowska-Curie |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His gentle nature was legendary, and to this day he is held up as an example of good sportsmanship, while his name has become synonymous with friendly competition."
}
] | QrzAgbwicX3Fav1w3KaR | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Baseball Hall of Fame",
"text": "Johnson, Ty Cobb, Christy Mathewson, Babe Ruth and Honus Wagner were known as the \"Five Immortals\" because they were the first players chosen for the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Hall of Fame",
"text": "Johnson w... | Professional baseball player Walter Perry Johnson was not known for his temper. | 0 | 0 | Walter Johnson |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "The year after their marriage, Martha's father died and bequeathed her a 2,500-acre cotton plantation with 100 slaves on the Pearl River in Lawrence County, Mississippi."
}
] | Qs1ZZWNtl6tfBavy2pa7 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "He was born Stephen Arnold Douglass in Brandon, Vermont, on April 23, 1813, to physician Stephen Arnold Douglass and his wife, Sarah Fisk."
},
{
"section_header": "Senator | Buchanan administration | Lincoln-Douglas debates",
"text": "He w... | Stephen Douglas's wife was an abolitionist. | 0 | 0 | Stephen A. Douglas |
Music | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Allegations of child pornography and abuse",
"text": "In 1998, Kelly paid Tiffany Hawkins $250,000 after she claimed Kelly had induced her to have group sex with other teenage girls when she was 15 years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Surviving R. ... | QsO8kmJMbbWJkHqPeHkA | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Surviving R. Kelly",
"text": "Within two weeks, Kelly launched a Facebook page where he sought to discredit the accusers who appeared in the docuseries."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Surviving R. Kelly",
"text": "Facebook removed the page for viola... | R. Kelly was accused of abusing children. | 1 | 2 | R. Kelly |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "How Green How Green Was My Valley is a 1939 novel by Richard Llewellyn, narrated by Huw Morgan, the main character, about his Welsh family and the mining community in which they live."
}
] | QsYW3YYpm945q9OEAUQO | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel is set in South Wales during the reign of Queen Victoria."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "How Green How Green Was My Valley is a 1939 novel by Richard Llewellyn, narrated by Huw Morgan, the main character, about his Welsh family ... | How Green Was My Valley is a 1939 book about a family of miners during the reign of the Queen. | 1 | 4 | How Green Was My Valley |
NOCAT | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Legendary narrative | Migration",
"text": "A mosquito then tried to steal Jimmu's royal blood but since Jimmu was a god incarnate Emperor, akitsumikami (現御神), a dragonfly killed the mosquito."
},
{
"section_header": "Legendary narrative | Migration",
"text": "Japan thus rece... | QtJcprjUv5n9Ci8prX5d | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Emperor Jimmu (神武天皇, Jinmu-tennō) was the first Emperor of Japan according to legend."
},
{
"section_header": "Legendary narrative | Migration",
"text": "At this point, Jimmu is said to have ascended to the throne of Japan."
},
{
"section_header": ... | Japan was originally entitled based on a bug that emperor Jimmu liked. | 2 | 5 | Emperor Jimmu |
Technology | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He and his three sisters, Randi, Donna, and Arielle, were brought up in Dobbs Ferry, New York, a small Westchester County village about 21 miles north of Midtown Manhattan."
}
] | QtMoPmNo2QC8aPKV3JpU | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "In 2002, Zuckerberg registered to vote in Westchester County, New York, where he grew up, but did not cast a ballot until November 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Zuckerberg was born on May 14, 1984, in White Plains, New York."
},
... | Zuckerberg grew up in New York. | 1 | 2 | Mark Zuckerberg |
History | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination | Assassination",
"text": "Caesar's dead body lay where it fell on the Senate floor for nearly three hours before other officials arrived to remove it."
}
] | QtxU0IWu39pzJ08D4b26 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Dictatorship and assassination | Assassination",
"text": "Caesar's dead body lay where it fell on the Senate floor for nearly three hours before other officials arrived to remove it."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary works | Memoirs",
"text": "The Commentarii de Bello Civili... | Caesar's body was immediately removed after his death from the Senate floor. | 3 | 5 | Julius Caesar |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Measurement | Frequency counter",
"text": "It uses digital logic to count the number of cycles during a time interval established by a precision quartz time base."
}
] | QuKnoX1Yr7WgBQrtNHso | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Measurement | Stroboscope",
"text": "This is an intense repetitively flashing light (strobe light) whose frequency can be adjusted with a calibrated timing circuit."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The period is the duration of time of one cycle in a repeating eve... | A frequency counter's mechanism relies on a timing circuit. | 1 | 1 | Frequency |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was performed at the Lenaia, one of the Festivals of Dionysus in Athens, in 405 BC, and received first place."
}
] | QuivaW1HsSu86nKIX0nF | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "References to the play",
"text": "Quaouauh!\"The call of the Frog Chorus, \"Brekekekéx-koáx-koáx\" (Greek: Βρεκεκεκέξ κοάξ κοάξ), followed by a few of Charon's lines from the play formed part of the Yale \"Long Cheer\", which was first used in public in 1884, and was a feature of Yale s... | They play earned the top spot at an event. | 0 | 0 | The Frogs |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2008–2011: The Blueprint 3 and Watch the Throne",
"text": "Along with Jada Pinkett Smith and Will Smith, Jay-Z helped produced the play Fela!, a musical celebrating the work of the late Nigerian star Fela Kuti."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2008–2011: Th... | Qum9EAcVLOq7DQuGy4H5 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\"When I would leave the stage to go change outfits, I would bring out Jay-Z and Positive K and let them freestyle until I came back to the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4, 1969), better known by hi... | Jay-Z has produced a stage musical. | 0 | 0 | Jay-Z |
Sports | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father was a laborer and painter who worked for the Wheeling and Belmont Bridge Company."
}
] | QumbgXD2GNUeCpEz3lCJ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jesse Cail Burkett (December 4, 1868 – May 27, 1953), nicknamed \"Crab\", was an American professional baseball left fielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father was a laborer and painter who worked for the Wheeling and Belmont Bridge... | Jesse Cail Burkett's dad ran a successful shipping business. | 1 | 6 | Jesse Burkett |
Geography | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The most prominently watched sports in Switzerland are football, ice hockey, Alpine skiing, \"Schwingen\", and tennis."
}
] | Quv6vR5qbBSKZ5jfxhyg | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The headquarters of the international football's and ice hockey's governing bodies, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) and International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), are located in Zürich."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | S... | Switzerland loves watching American football, ice hockey, Schwingen, and Roger Federer; with the headquarters for the international football (FIFA) and ice hockey (IIHF) located in Zurich. | 1 | 3 | Switzerland |
Technology | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "History | Name",
"text": "The name \"Sony\" was chosen for the brand as a mix of two words: one was the Latin word \"sonus\", which is the root of sonic and sound, and the other was \"sonny\", a common slang term used in 1950s America to call a young boy."
}
] | QvFZU416PigT9JZYJsIm | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Name",
"text": "In 1950s Japan, \"sonny boys\" was a loan word in Japanese, which connoted smart and presentable young men, which Sony founders Akio Morita and Masaru Ibuka considered themselves to be."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Name",
"text": "The name \"S... | The Japanese company Sony derived it's name from a popular 1950's American lingo word for a young boy. | 3 | 6 | Sony |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Sports",
"text": "Shanghai is home to several soccer teams, including two in the Chinese Super League: Shanghai Greenland Shenhua F.C. and Shanghai SIPG F.C.."
}
] | QvP4wHYkh1nrw7Si6eQu | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "Cultural curation in Shanghai has seen significant growth since 2013, with several new museums having been opened in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports",
"text": "The Shanghai Cricket Club dates back to 1858 when the first recorded cricket match was... | Shanghai does not have a European-style football club. | 0 | 0 | Shanghai |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "In order for them to marry and receive Millamant's full dowry, Mirabell must receive the blessing of Millamant's aunt, Lady Wishfort."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Unfortunately, Lady Wishfort is a very bitter lady who despises Mirabell... | Qvpfx2wpcH5X5wC3ioLI | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Way of the World is a play written by the English playwright William Congreve."
},
{
"section_header": "Epigraph of the 1700 edition",
"text": "The epigraph found on the title page of the 1700 edition of The Way of the World contains two Latin quotatio... | In the play The Way of the World, Mirabell is a lady. | 0 | 0 | The Way of the World |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "The Yankees' Mariano Rivera, who retired at the end of the 2013 season, was the last player in Major League Baseball to wear jersey number 42 on a regular basis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31... | QwBmbrcdmKEBlq5OZKr5 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major leagues | Pennant races and outside interests (1951–1953)",
"text": ", Robinson challenged the Yankees' general manager, George Weiss, on the racial record of his team, which had yet to sign a black player."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",... | Jackie Robinson what the first Black player to sign to the MLB and he shares his number with a Yankees player. | 0 | 2 | Jackie Robinson |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although some critics took issue with the film's slow pace and restrained emotion, its reputation, like that of many of Kubrick's works, has strengthened over time, with many now regarding it as one of his greatest achievements."
}
] | QwQCLYHSvgCWl06yspJQ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Re-evaluation",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"Cynical, ironic, and suffused with seductive natural lighting, Barry Lyndon is a complex character piece of a hapless man doomed by Georgian society.\" Roger Ebert added the film to his 'Great ... | Barry Lyndon a movie by Stanley Kubrick and is now viewed as one of his best movies that he has ever been involved in. | 0 | 3 | Barry Lyndon |
History | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312,696 square kilometres (120,733 sq mi), and has a largely temperate seasonal climate."
}
] | QwZJKhGuQtEjxNRO2sE6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Era of insurrections",
"text": "But, after the failed Napoleonic Wars, Poland was again split between the victorious powers at the Congress of Vienna of 1815."
},
{
"section_header": "History | World War II",
"text": "As agreed in the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Polan... | Poland is split into sixteen organized subdivisions. | 1 | 3 | Poland |
Music | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Nirvāṇa is a term found in the texts of all major Indian religions – Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism and Sikhism."
}
] | QwfPIRwJwTRdY4tuJjlx | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "The Saṃsara, the life after death, and what impacts rebirth came to be seen as dependent on karma."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism",
"text": "Hinduism has the concept of Atman – the soul, self – asserted to exist in every living being, while Buddhism ass... | The word can be seen in all the main religions in India. | 4 | 7 | Nirvana |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature Altered States, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year."
}
] | QxdUgOjWNRLUDox0zrae | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two of his classmates there were Christopher Reeve and Robin Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hurt made his fil... | William Hurt debuted in a role as a Mathematician. | 2 | 3 | William Hurt |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "From that day onward, young John was raised by a kindly neighbor, Mary Goddard, under whose care he did quite well."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He became abusive toward the boy; and later on in 1885 (still only 12 years old), Johnny... | QxtttBKtcFq3j1NYWxNv | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Joseph McGraw (April 7, 1873 – February 25, 1934), nicknamed \"Little Napoleon\" and \"Mugsy\", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) player and manager of the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Style of play",
"text": "\"McGraw fi... | MLB baseball figure John McGraw did not live at home after age 12. | 0 | 0 | John McGraw |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Later history | Destruction",
"text": "As part of the Morean War (1684–1699), the Venetians sent an expedition led by Francesco Morosini to attack Athens and capture the Acropolis."
},
{
"section_header": "Later history | Destruction",
"text": "The columns brought down with ... | Qy6EilKmDxHUEvviaIsz | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Architecture",
"text": "The Parthenon had 46 outer columns and 23 inner columns in total, each column having 20 flutes. (A flute is the concave shaft carved into the column form.) The roof was covered with large overlapping marble tiles known as imbrices and tegulae."
},
{
"sect... | The Parthenon had outer and inner columns that were partly battered when the Venetians attacked and killed civilians. | 0 | 0 | Parthenon |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career and death",
"text": "After retiring from baseball, Smith worked as a schoolteacher and later as a steel plant foreman."
}
] | QylRuNWj5MQ74nLnMTg8 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Often Paige would pitch the first three innings of a game, leaving Smith to pitch the remaining six."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hilton Lee Smith (February 27, 1907 – November 18, 1983) was an American right-handed pitcher in Ne... | Hilton Smith was a pitcher who played with Satchel Paige and after playing in the Negro League he was a mechanic. | 0 | 0 | Hilton Smith |
Science | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Awards and recognition",
"text": "Borg received the EFF Pioneer Award from the Electronic Frontier Foundation and was recognized by the Girl Scouts of the USA, as well as listed on Open Computing Magazine's Top 100 Women in Computing."
}
] | R06kopAa1k4loSGpE29X | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Awards and recognition",
"text": "She was charged with recommending strategies to the nation for increasing the breadth of participation fields for women."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "A dozen of the women at the conference made plans to eat l... | Anita Borg was lauded by an organized pyramid scheme of female children that are made to participate in capitalism from a young age. | 1 | 2 | Anita Borg |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Martin Francis O'Day (July 8, 1859 – July 2, 1935), nicknamed \"The Reverend\", was an American right-handed pitcher and later an umpire and manager in Major League Baseball."
}
] | R06v6qLa1whvSCjR6VXd | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "O'Day played minor league baseball with the Bay City club and the Toledo Blue Stockings of the Northwestern League in 1883, and he reached the major leagues when Toledo joined the American Association (AA) the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Pl... | Hank O'Day was an American football player for the Green Bay Packers. | 2 | 6 | Hank O'Day |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott (1832–1888) which was originally published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869."
}
] | R0VZimKyTLBawb7jiNM6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The first volume of Little Women was published in 1868 by Roberts Brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Versions in the late 20th and 21st centuries combine both portions into one book, under the title Little Women, ... | Little Women was published in the late 1860's. | 2 | 3 | Little Women |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played his entire 19-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career, primarily as a left fielder, for the Boston Red Sox from 1939 to 1960; his career was interrupted by military service during World War II and the Korean War."
}
] | R0max03jCpNYv8tJkyON | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Player profile | Playing style",
"text": "He helped pass his expertise of playing left-field in front of the Green Monster, to his successor on the Red Sox, Carl Yastrzemski."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | U.S. Marine Corps, Korea (1952–1953)",
"text": "Right... | Ted Williams played nineteen years for the Red Sox | 0 | 5 | Ted Williams |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Bosley Crowther of The New York Times felt that the film's focus on the love story between Zhivago and Lara trivialized the events of the Russian Revolution and the resulting Russian Civil War, but was impressed by the film's visuals."
},
{
"section... | R1H8Kg98h8cJoNwdxDul | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Whatever one thinks of the Russian Revolution it was certainly more than a series of consumer problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part one",
"text": "I years, the Russian Revolution of 1917, and the Russian Civil War."
},
{
"sectio... | When the film was released there was criticism on the movie's focusing on the romance between the eponymous character and his interest as it seemed to take away from the importance of the narrative about the Russian Revolution. | 2 | 6 | Doctor Zhivago (film) |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is also regarded as one of the greatest bunters of all time."
}
] | R22t5F5Eca3b4tk5q5s2 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1890 to 1905 for the New York Giants, Cleveland Spiders, St. Louis Perfectos / Cardinals, St. Louis Browns, and Boston Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is also regarded as one of the gr... | Jesse Burkett played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1890 to 1905 for the New York Giants, Cleveland Spiders, St. Louis Perfectos / Cardinals, St. Louis Browns, and Boston Americans and is regarded as one of the greatest bunters of all time. | 0 | 0 | Jesse Burkett |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As the first United States Ambassador to France, he exemplified the emerging American nation."
}
] | R2J9kZDXRVcJu2tBajRt | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Public life | Constitutional Convention",
"text": "He is the only Founding Father who is a signatory of all four of the major documents of the founding of the United States: the Declaration of Independence, the Treaty of Alliance with France, the Treaty of Paris and the United States Co... | Benjamin Franklin was the ambassador to Germany from the United States and is the only founding father to have signed all four major documents for the country. | 0 | 0 | Benjamin Franklin |
Music | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All Indian religions assert it to be a state of perfect quietude, freedom, highest happiness as well as the liberation from or ending of samsara, the repeating cycle of birth, life and death."
}
] | R2VLqnqbL6AQ32OtcPw3 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All Indian religions assert it to be a state of perfect quietude, freedom, highest happiness as well as the liberation from or ending of samsara, the repeating cycle of birth, life and death."
},
{
"section_header": "Jainism",
"text": "It is what is called... | Indian religions assert Nirvana to be a state of perfect quietude, freedom, highest happiness as well as liberation from or ending samsara. | 2 | 4 | Nirvana |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He has a younger sister Lucinda, and had another brother named Garrett who died of sudden infant death syndrome in 1948."
}
] | R2f9Oy8i7jUaM0VEeIK4 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bridges and his siblings were raised in the Holmby Hills section of Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Film",
"text": "In 1994, he starred as Lt. Jimmy Dove in the action film Blown Away, opposite Tommy Lee Jones and Forest Whitaker."
},
... | Jeff Bridges' youngest sibling passed away from SIDS in the late 1940s. | 0 | 2 | Jeff Bridges |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The film was well-received by critics."
}
] | R2nmjfQ098VZIClMxzSk | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "It holds an approval rating of 82% on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes based on 61 reviews, with an average score of 7.28/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The site's consensus reads: \... | Elizabeth got positive reviews. | 0 | 0 | Elizabeth (film) |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fox also starred as Regan Lucas in the fifth and sixth seasons of the Fox sitcom New Girl (2016–2017)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–present: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and upcoming roles",
"text": "In October 2015, it was confirmed that Fox wou... | R2ztnPyDyXHAz1bZ8buQ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "\"In 2009, Fox's public image came under scrutiny when an unsigned letter from three crew members of Transformers defended director Michael Bay against accusations made by Fox about his on-set behavior, including a comparison with Adolf Hitle... | Megan Fox starred as a supporting cast member in a hit television show on Fox for three seasons because one of the cast members had a baby. | 4 | 8 | Megan Fox |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Allusions to real history and geography | Historical accuracy",
"text": "The two Jewish characters, the moneylender Isaac of York and his beautiful daughter Rebecca, feature as main characters; the book was written and published during a period of increasing advancement and awareness fo... | R3PhrubbNLFMIvgcGuc8 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Chapter summary | Volume Two",
"text": "Ch. 1 (15): De Bracy (disguised as a forester) tells Fitzurse of his plan to capture Rowena and then 'rescue' her in his own person."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Opening",
"text": "Also returning from the Holy Land that same... | Ivanhoe has two Jewish persons. | 0 | 1 | Ivanhoe |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has also been named at #7 in the Forbes' Billionaires 2020 list."
}
] | R4qDVy7j5i5ZOSkmTldL | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mark Elliot Zuckerberg (; born May 14, 1984) is an American media magnate, internet entrepreneur, and philanthropist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has also been named at #7 in the Forbes' Billionaires 2020 list."
},
{
"section_hea... | Mark Zuckerberg is an American media magnate, internet entrepreneur, and philanthropist known for co-founding Facebook, Inc., and has been named at #2 in the Forbes' Billionaires 2020 list. | 0 | 0 | Mark Zuckerberg |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Despite his short stature, with the help of his father, he distinguished himself as a baseball player at a young age, even playing with his father on their St. Thomas team."
}
] | R58BTpZ3GoQKYpeN37CW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Minor leagues",
"text": "He came back with Lancaster in 1945 and was known as the best second baseman in the league."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years",
"text": "He co-owned and managed Nellie Fox Bowl in Chambersburg after retiring from baseball."... | Nellie Fox was known for his long, lean physique. | 2 | 4 | Nellie Fox |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The plot follows William Legrand, who was bitten by a gold-colored bug."
}
] | R5EOJewVAYq7D6whJpIa | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "The actual \"gold-bug\" in the story is not a real insect."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "One character learns that the main characters are searching for treasure, and he asks them if they have been reading Edgar Allan Poe."
},
{
"s... | The Gold Bug is a short story where the main character get bite by golden insect. | 0 | 0 | The Gold Bug |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Daniel Boone was born there, November 2, 1734, the sixth of eleven children."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although he also became a businessman, soldier and politician who represented three different counties in the Virginia General Assem... | R5LbxhQkwxigH9Oz75e6 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Yadkin River Valley, North Carolina | Marriage and family",
"text": "A tree in present Washington County, Tennessee reads \"D. Boon Cilled a. Bar on tree in the year 1760\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Kentucky",
"text": "Jr. Boone's first steps in Kentucky were near present-d... | Boone is most known for his exploration and settlement of present day Tennessee. | 0 | 0 | Daniel Boone |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Party official | Donbas years",
"text": "The two lived together as husband and wife for the rest of Khrushchev's life, though they never registered their marriage."
}
] | R5ersclUTLsHROoXwObx | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "World War II | War against Germany",
"text": "Leonid's daughter, Yulia, was raised by Nikita Khrushchev and his wife."
},
{
"section_header": "Party official | Kaganovich protégé",
"text": "In 1928, Khrushchev was transferred to Kiev, where he served as second-in-command of ... | Nikita Khrushchev married his second wife in Kiev. | 0 | 0 | Nikita Khrushchev |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During a 21-year baseball career, he played for four different teams as a center and right fielder, spending most of his career with the Montreal Expos (1976–1986) and Chicago Cubs (1987–1992)."
}
] | R6FoGASQzvHLb6tPLiuB | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Dawson played five more seasons with the Cubs, and was one of the franchise's most popular players during that time."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Dawson campaigned for the Cubs to sign him during the off-season, b... | Andre Dawson was on five different teams including the Chicago Cubs and the Philadelphia Phillies. | 2 | 5 | Andre Dawson |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | New York Giants (1902–1908)",
"text": "Bresnahan was also the first catcher to wear a padded facemask while catching."
}
] | R70AzkadQYRGokRYkNuX | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | New York Giants (1902–1908)",
"text": "Fans, used to seeing catchers play without protective equipment, threw snowballs on the field, and without police at the game, umpire Bill Klem called off the game, with the Giants forfeiting to the Philadelphia Phillies."
},
{
"se... | Roger Bresnahan shunned the new equipment for catchers of a barrier in front of the face as it got in the way of being able to see the pitcher's body language. | 0 | 1 | Roger Bresnahan |
Music | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was a child prodigy, trained by her father."
}
] | R7nomlb9SMvLd5JA37ub | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Music | Compositions",
"text": "Most of Clara Schumann's music was never played by anyone else and largely forgotten until a resurgence of interest in the 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | \"War of the Romantics\"",
"text": "One of Clara Schumann's difficulties with Li... | Clara Schumann's father supported her natural musical talent that she most likely got from him. | 3 | 7 | Clara Schumann |
Literature | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Sequels",
"text": "The brief satirical novel Xiyoubu (西游补, \"A Supplement to the Journey to the West\", c. 1640) follows Sun Wukong as he is trapped in a magical dream world created by the Qing Fish Demon, the embodiment of desire (情, qing)."
}
] | R831zF32Zp7VhhbC13uk | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "Anthony C. Yu states that the identity of the author, as with so many other major works of Chinese fiction, \"remains unclear\" but that Wu remains \"the most likely\" author."
},
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "Journey to the West was though... | There is a second novel that is widely accepted and completely serious, though it's written by a different author. | 2 | 7 | Journey to the West |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He ended the Napoleonic Wars when he defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a colonel by 1796 and saw action in the Netherlands and in India, where he fought in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War at... | R8GPZmN79lJmhqB81Ywv | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Military career | Waterloo campaign | Controversy",
"text": "It attracted the attention of Wellington's staff, who prompted the Duke to write his only published essay on the campaign (other than his immediate, official after-action report, \"The Waterloo Dispatch\"), his 1842 \"Memorand... | During the Hundred Days in 1815, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo and saw action in Romania and in Norway while publishing an essay on the campaigns | 0 | 0 | Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington |
Literature | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in southern England, around Hampshire, the story features a small group of rabbits."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and publication history",
"text": "The title refers to the rabbits' destination, Watership Down, a hill in the north of Hampshire, Engla... | R8jEw95j4F4YaKI2D0AN | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Role-playing game",
"text": "Watership Down inspired the creation of Bunnies & Burrows, a role-playing game in which the main characters are talking rabbits, published in 1976 by Fantasy Games Unlimited."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Religious symbolism",
"... | Can you imagine that the book Watership Down is talking about rabbits. | 0 | 1 | Watership Down |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joshua Gibson (c. December 21, 1911 – January 20, 1947) was an American Negro league baseball catcher."
}
] | R8t9baCkx9QfbD1vgDAR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Baseball historians consider Gibson to be among the very best power hitters and catchers in the history of any league, including Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1972, he became the second Negro league player to b... | Josh Gibson was an American Negro league baseball catcher and was considered to be among the very best power pitchers and catchers in the history of any league, even going on to becoming the second Negro league player to be inducted in the National Baseball Hall of Fame. | 0 | 0 | Josh Gibson |
Sports | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "As \"Kenny\", as he was sometimes known, grew, he did an increasing share of the farm work, later stating, \"I did my share—and it was a substantial share—in taking care of the 13 acres ... ... | RABVYBvmHaIH9fkqJrLm | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Washington years and aftermath (1893–1905)",
"text": "Kenesaw Landis had appeared before Judge Gresham in court."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
... | Kenesaw Landis was not fond of being an early riser when he was a farmer. | 1 | 3 | Kenesaw Landis |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "On Kyle's third tour, Mustafa seriously injures a unit member, Ryan \"Biggles\" Job, and the unit is evacuated back to base."
}
] | RAfrXNOO68iddXSqfKV5 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In the midst of the gunfight, and low on ammunition, Kyle tearfully calls Taya and tells her he is ready to come home."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Spielberg had read Kyle's book, though he desired to have a more psychological ... | In American Sniper, main character Kyle has a comrade called "Biggles". | 2 | 6 | American Sniper |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The group is composed of eight members: Taeyeon, Sunny, Tiffany, Hyoyeon, Yuri, Sooyoung, Yoona, and Seohyun."
}
] | RArpVZNihXCrJSCcX003 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Girls' Generation consistently ranked in the top five of Gallup Korea's \"Artist of the Year\" poll from 2007 to 2016, topping the list three times (2009, 2010, 2011)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015–present: Lion Heart, Holiday Night, and hiatus",
... | Girls' Generation consist of 2 members less than 10. | 0 | 0 | Girls' Generation |
Literature | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The novel's original French title, Notre-Dame de Paris, refers to Notre Dame Cathedral, on which the story is centered."
}
] | RBb0ysuVVOfAqU4R9ZTJ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Allusions and references | Allusions to actual history, geography and current science",
"text": "In The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, Victor Hugo makes frequent reference to the architecture of the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The no... | The Hunchback of Notre Dame refers to a cathedral. | 0 | 1 | The Hunchback of Notre Dame |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Venice (; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia or Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region."
}
] | RC8m1Il4AItzEtjgt2kI | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | Modern age",
"text": "Venice was taken from Austria by the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805 and became part of Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "This part of Roman Italy was again overrun in the early 5th century by the V... | Venice lies towards the south western part of Italy. | 0 | 0 | Venice |
Science | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This can be narrow, meaning a virus is capable of infecting few species, or broad, meaning it is capable of infecting many."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infec... | RCbSvECKgl5xq7xjdcaR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Infection in other species | Animal viruses",
"text": "Companion animals such as cats, dogs, and horses, if not vaccinated, are susceptible to serious viral infections."
},
{
"section_header": "Infection in other species | Animal viruses",
"text": "Like all invertebrates, th... | Viral infections in animals tend to make them ill. | 2 | 2 | Virus |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon II was of Irish heritage, and Jack Lemmon was raised Catholic."
}
] | RD0ojRanBZCiuFzRzAJ6 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "\" Wilder though also once said: \"Happiness is working with Jack Lemmon\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon II was of Irish heritage, and Jack Lemmon was raised Catholic."
},
{
"section_header... | Jack Lemmon was Dutch descent from his father. | 0 | 3 | Jack Lemmon |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book, first published in 1937, recounts events of the seventeen years when Blixen made her home in Kenya, then called British East Africa."
}
] | RDKgIAhK3yspLn3S6vWr | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Structure and style",
"text": "But by the time that Blixen was finishing the manuscript for Out of Africa at the age of 51, the Kenya protectorate of her younger years was a thing of the past."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Out of Africa is a memoir by the Danis... | Out of Africa is an account of the author's time while in Africa. | 0 | 0 | Out of Africa |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in the late 19th century, the novel recounts the adventures of Anne Shirley, an 11-year-old orphan girl, who is mistakenly sent to two middle-aged siblings, Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, who had originally intended to adopt a boy to help them on their farm in the ... | RDWtzJyYnUgyr8xliPxn | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Characters | Anne's friends/classmates",
"text": "She is the only girl of Anne's age who lives close to Green Gables."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honours",
"text": "Reading listsIn 2003, Anne of Green Gables was ranked number 41 in The Big Read, a survey of the Briti... | Anne of Green Gables is a children's novel and is about a teenager girl that lives in Canada. | 0 | 0 | Anne of Green Gables |
Literature | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Cultural references",
"text": "The play continues the story of Shylock's daughter Jessica, who lives in an anti-semitic Venice and practices her Jewish faith in secret."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Shylock and the antisemitism debate",
... | REMmFgHYFbrBU4M8u2t8 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Merchant of Venice is a 16th-century play written by William Shakespeare in which a merchant in Venice named Antonio defaults on a large loan provided by a Jewish moneylender, Shylock."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Shylock and the antisemitism debate |... | Theatergoers have found some of the main themes in The Merchant of Venice upseting, and criticize them as being stereotypical and an unfair representation of Jewish culture. | 0 | 1 | The Merchant of Venice |
History | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "American Indian Wars",
"text": "The Battle of Washita River was regarded as the first substantial U.S. victory in the Southern Plains War, and it helped force a significant portion of the Southern Cheyenne onto a U.S.-assigned reservation."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life"... | REODskm1F8n9Q2gKRfF5 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reconstruction duties in Texas",
"text": "Major General Custer became Chief of Cavalry of the Department of Texas, from November 13 to February 1, 1866, succeeding Major General Wesley Merritt."
},
{
"section_header": "American Indian Wars",
"text": "On November 27, 1868, Cu... | Custer succeeded General Merritt in the Battle of Washita River. | 3 | 10 | George Armstrong Custer |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Ninepin bowlers - The ghosts of Henry Hudson's crewmen from his ship, the Half-Moon; they share purple magic liquor with Rip Van Winkle and play a game of nine-pins."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He awakes 20 years later to a very changed ... | REWlB2OiKWhY70SwqdM4 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Man carrying keg up the mountain - The ghost of one of Henry Hudson's crew members."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Music",
"text": "It was released in January 1982 and references Rip Van Winkle in the lyrics of the song, \"Take a nap like... | This novel is about a man who takes a nap after going bowling with ghosts. | 0 | 0 | Rip van Winkle |
Geography | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The excavations have been ongoing since 1996 by the German Archaeological Institute, but large parts still remain unexcavated."
}
] | RElKJeVG4oC54MzHSFij | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Complex | Layer II",
"text": "A stone pillar resembling totem pole designs was discovered at Göbekli Tepe, Layer II in 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The excavations have been ongoing since 1996 by the German Archaeological Institute, but large parts still... | All parts of Gobekli Tepe have been excavated since 2010. | 0 | 1 | Göbekli Tepe |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "COVID-19 response",
"text": "In a letter to employees, CEO Brian Chesky said the company was letting 1,900 of its 7,500 workers go due to the COVID-19 pandemic and cutting businesses that don't directly support home-sharing."
}
] | REoRh6p8z7hFVwWzTJgv | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Terms of use and guest review system | Cancellations",
"text": "Airbnb allows hosts to choose among three ways of cancellation policies, made to protect both hosts and guests."
},
{
"section_header": "Terms of use and guest review system | Deposits",
"text": "However, on Mar... | After the modern plague set in, Airbnb protected its employees and made sure that no more than 5% of them lost jobs. | 0 | 0 | Airbnb |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "This is the Great War.\" Contemporary Europeans also referred to it as \"the war to end war\" or \"the war to end all wars\" due to their perception of its then-unparalleled scale and devastation."
}
] | RErQm6gQYHCdctQX6uso | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, despite the conclusive Allied victory (and the creation of the League of Nations during the Peace Conference, intended to prevent future wars), a second world war followed just over twenty years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Progress of the war | 19... | World War I was called the Great War or "the war to end war" but it was followed by another 20 years later. | 0 | 0 | World War I |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits | Copyright infringement lawsuit",
"text": "On May 28, 2010, it filed a complaint against 5,000 unidentified BitTorrent users in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia; Voltage announced its intention to demand $1,500 from each defendant to release him or... | RF7XXZAvmPLRtnX3KrTf | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "hundred thousand refugees of Iraq live in Jordan."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits | Copyright infringement lawsuit",
"text": "On May 12, 2010, Voltage Pictures, the production company behind The Hurt Locker, announced that it would attempt t... | The producers of The Hurt Locker attempted to extract one thousand five hundred dollars each from thousands of unspecified people that they suspected of stealing their film over the web. | 0 | 0 | The Hurt Locker |
Science | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone."
}
] | RFHY5Db7lv9Bep4rFCS8 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ecologically, there are few other groupings so abundant in the biotic desert of the deep sea, as well as shallower oceans."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution and habitat",
"text": "While almost all echinoderms are benthic – that is, they live on the sea... | There are Echinodermata that live so deep in the ocean that they never contact sunlight. | 1 | 1 | Echinodermata |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "In 1854, at the age of 14, he was enrolled for about a year of study with Alfred Fredericks and Theodore Kaufmann, and then at the school of the National Academy of Design."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "In 18... | RFd4vA6xMDgwSJzl3xow | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Thomas Nast Prize",
"text": "The prize is awarded periodically to one German cartoonist and one North American cartoonist."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Party politics",
"text": "Nast played important role during the presidential election in 1868, and Ulysses S.... | Thomas Nast played semi-pro ball before he became a political cartoonist. | 0 | 0 | Thomas Nast |
Literature | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Characters | Vladimir and Estragon",
"text": "\"The hat-passing game in Waiting for Godot and Lucky's inability to think without his hat on are two obvious Beckett derivations from Laurel and Hardy – a substitution of form for essence, covering for reality\", wrote Gerald Mast in The Co... | RFeKwqgHnGxFf63nrfvP | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act I",
"text": "Two other characters show up, Pozzo and his slave Lucky, who are headed for the market, where Pozzo intends to sell Lucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Philosophical | Ethical",
"text": "No-one is concerned that a boy is beaten."
},
... | One of the character's, Lucky, cannot form coherent thoughts unless he has a cover on his head. | 0 | 3 | Waiting for Godot |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Early career",
"text": "Roush made his major league debut on August 20, 1913 for the Chicago White Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Later career",
"text": "He was contacted by Reds President Sidney Weil to play for t... | RFpyM72BojqU6b15mxoW | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the Cincinnati Reds, New York Giants, Chicago White Sox, Newark Peppers and Indianapolis Hoosiers from 1913 to 1931."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Early career",
"text": "Roush made his major... | Edd Roush started with the Chicago White Sox and ended with the Cincinnati Reds in 1931. | 0 | 6 | Edd Roush |
Literature | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "The novel has been translated into more than 50 languages, and is often used in literature, world history, and African studies courses across the world."
}
] | RGmVP1GyRUVL6D5YTdbp | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Background | Language choice",
"text": "In a 1994 interview with The Paris Review, Achebe said, \"the novel form seems to go with the English language."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Language choice",
"text": "Achebe wrote his novels in English because the written sta... | The novel won the Nobel Prize and it is in 45 languages. | 3 | 5 | Things Fall Apart |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "The novella was adapted in 2017 as a five-part radio drama on BBC Radio 4 for its 15 Minute Drama's \"Love Henry James\" series."
}
] | RH8wttK35fdTPddNQJV0 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "The novella was adapted in 2017 as a five-part radio drama on BBC R... | The 1878 novel Daisy Miller was turned into a radio drama in 1917. | 0 | 5 | Daisy Miller |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Things Fall Apart is the debut novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe, first published in 1958."
}
] | RHCYk0XlWfAg7bfzxc4a | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Things Fall Apart was followed by a sequel, No Longer at Ease (1960), originally written as the second part of a larger work along with Arrow of God (1964)."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Language choice",
"text": "Achebe wrote his novels in English... | The novel was written in the 1960s. | 0 | 0 | Things Fall Apart |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Party official | Donbas years",
"text": "The family was poor, according to Nina's own recollections."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "His parents, Sergei Khrushchev and Xeniya Khrushcheva, were poor peasants of Russian origin, and had a daughter two years Niki... | RHdpxXmHbiR5VW0Kt6Jr | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "She urged Nikita to seek further education, but family finances did not permit this."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II | War against Germany",
"text": "Leonid's daughter, Yulia, was raised by Nikita Khrushchev and his wife."
},
{
"section_h... | Nikita Khrushchev grew up in a rich family. | 0 | 0 | Nikita Khrushchev |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "His 167.7 at-bats per strikeout in 1932 is still a single-season record."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Wheeler Sewell (October 9, 1898 – March 6, 1990) was a Major League Baseball infielder for the Cleveland Indians and New York Yankees... | RI1Oiu6yEdV1WJFVjA3o | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He hit a career high 11 home runs in 1932.Sewell struck out 114 times in 7,132 career at-bats for an average of one strikeout every 62.5 at-bats, second only to Willie Keeler (63.1)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Sewell-Thomas Stadium, the ba... | Joe Sewell is on record as one of the worst professional baseball players in terms of batting average but was an outstanding outfielder. | 2 | 5 | Joe Sewell |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The later years of Ivan's reign were also marked by the Massacre of Novgorod and the burning of Moscow by Tatars."
}
] | RI7OiLEw9Nl9JnyzCpET | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two weeks after his coronation, Ivan married his first wife Anastasia Romanovna, a member of the Romanov family, who became the first Russian tsaritsa."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "play Ivan the Terrible: Absolute Power, ... | Ivan the Terrible, the first Tsar of Russia, married into the Romanovna family and he ruled when Moscow was burned. | 0 | 0 | Ivan the Terrible |
Literature | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This setting provides the frame for Marlow's story of his obsession with the successful ivory trader Kurtz."
}
] | RIKnUK8nJQUACA8U3JkL | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "As a child, Marlow had been fascinated by \"the blank spaces\" on maps, particularly by the biggest, which by the time he had grown up was no longer blank but turned into \"a place of darkness\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The im... | Marlow has a fixation with a trader of ivory in the novella and is fascinated by blank spots on maps as a kid. | 2 | 6 | Heart of Darkness |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"The Wizard\" for his defensive brilliance, Smith set major league records for career assists (8,375) and double plays (1,590) by a shortstop (the latter since broken by Omar Vizquel), as well as the National League (NL) record with 2,511 career games at th... | RITNOEUdZXSiTpUXV1vg | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "Smith's fielding play prompted the Yuma Daily Sun to use the nickname \"The Wizard of Oz\" in a March 1981 feature article about Smith."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Osborne Earl \"Ozzie\" Smith (born D... | Osborne Smith was nicknamed "The Wizard" for his awesome backflips. | 2 | 4 | Ozzie Smith |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Urban Clarence \"Red\" Faber (September 6, 1888 – September 25, 1976) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1914 through 1933, playing his entire career for the Chicago White Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At ... | RJ9a31xcmDWuqRoQTXP8 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Success in the 1920s",
"text": "The live-ball era was beginning, but, thanks to a rule change allowing active 17 spitball pitchers to continue throwing it the remainder of their careers after its 1920 ban, he made one of the most successful transitions of all pitchers."
... | Red Faber was a pitcher for the White Sox and was allowed to use the spitball in the AL. | 0 | 0 | Red Faber |
Subsets and Splits
Texts Containing Winter
Filters dataset entries containing the word "winter" which provides basic keyword search capability but offers limited analytical value beyond simple text matching.