category stringclasses 9
values | correct_votes int64 0 12 | gold_evidence list | id stringlengths 20 20 | label stringclasses 2
values | retrieved_evidence list | text stringlengths 16 429 | total_likes int64 0 7 | total_votes int64 0 13 | wikipedia_page stringlengths 3 49 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Comparison of style and subject matter",
"text": "The law as laid down in the two compilations is basically similar, except in emphasis and in minor details."
}
] | r1W2oZDR6mEj8eU2iPrO | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Comparison of style and subject matter",
"text": "Furthermore, the editing of the Babylonian Talmud was superior to that of the Jerusalem version, making it more accessible and readily usable."
},
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Compari... | The laws of the Talmud in the Jerusalem version and the Babylonian version are essentially the same. | 0 | 0 | Talmud |
History | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "On June 4, 1774, he formally separated from his wife Elizabeth and moved to London, where, in September, mathematician, Fellow of the Royal Society, and Commissioner of the Excise George Lewis Scott introduced him to Benjamin Franklin, who suggested e... | r2enemV91RwfpA7Xg737 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "American Revolution | Common Sense (1776)",
"text": "Paine provided a new and convincing argument for independence by advocating a complete break with history."
},
{
"section_header": "American Revolution | Funding the Revolution",
"text": "The meetings with the French king ... | Benjamin Franklin convinced Thomas Paine to move to the New World. | 3 | 6 | Thomas Paine |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (German: [ˈkɔnʁaːt ˈʔaːdənaʊɐ] (listen); 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1949 to 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Summ... | r2uNF9P2MaEn2BKxgnSn | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "The Cologne years | After World War II and the founding of the CDU",
"text": "According to Adenauer, a Catholic-only party would lead to German politics being dominated by anti-democratic parties yet again."
},
{
"section_header": "Chancellor of West Germany | First government",... | Adenauer was German and a Democrat. | 0 | 0 | Konrad Adenauer |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "When damping is small, the resonant frequency is approximately equal to the natural frequency of the system, which is a frequency of unforced vibrations."
}
] | r3ZLHxScVfbcj7S2nKAz | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "However, there are some losses from cycle to cycle, called damping."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "When damping is small, the resonant frequency is approximately equal to the natural frequency of the system, which is a frequency of unforced ... | High damping or cycle to cycle translates to an unforced vibrational frequency. | 2 | 6 | Resonance |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film covers 30 years of the relationship between Aurora Greenway (MacLaine) and her daughter Emma (Winger)."
}
] | r445CVvCDx5MKWSzPBPD | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Release | Box office",
"text": "Terms of Endearment was commercially successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film covers 30 years of the relationship between Aurora Greenway (MacLaine) and her daughter Emma (Winger)."
},
{
"section_header": "Award... | Terms of Endearment does talk about the twenty years of a relation between a wife and a husband. | 1 | 5 | Terms of Endearment |
Science | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood",
"text": "Ruth also had a fascination with death as a young child."
}
] | r4nwMdmflirZ9ch7J66u | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood",
"text": "At age seven Ruth began to write short verses and read any book she could get her hands on."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood",
"text": "In her book Patterns of Culture, Benedict studied the Pueblo culture and how they dealt wi... | Ruth Benedict was engrossed with death as a kid and read any book she had access to. | 0 | 5 | Ruth Benedict |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "James Naismith was the second child of Margaret and John Naismith, two Scottish immigrants."
}
] | r51l87MnvBXwOn51jHl3 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Springfield college: invention of basketball",
"text": "Under orders from Dr. Luther Gulick, head of physical education there, Naismith was given 14 days to create an indoor game that would provide an \"athletic distraction\"; Gulick demanded that it would not take up much room, could h... | Naismith was not mayan, and so rumors that Basketball was created by mayans are highly overestimated. | 1 | 3 | James Naismith |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Hindemithon Festival",
"text": "An annual festival of Hindemith's music is held at William Paterson University in Wayne, New Jersey."
}
] | r5JIrpZ6rEhpJImNugqz | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Hindemith (; 16 November 1895 – 28 December 1963) was a prolific German composer, violist, violinist, teacher and conductor."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Style",
"text": "Hindemith is among the most significant German composers of his time."
},
... | Paul Hindemith was a German composer that has a festivity in his honor every year in the United States. | 0 | 0 | Paul Hindemith |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Naismith was born on November 6, 1861, in Almonte, Canada West (now part of Mississippi Mills, Ontario, Canada) to Scottish immigrants."
}
] | r5c677xoL9akw8r1oeGe | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Naismith was born on November 6, 1861, in Almonte, Canada West (now part of Mississippi Mills, Ontario, Canada) to Scottish immigrants."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Naismith (November 6, 1861 – November 28, 1939) was a Canadian-Ame... | James Naismith was born on November 6, 1861 in Almonte (Canada West) to Scottish immigrants. | 2 | 3 | James Naismith |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Genesis and publication history",
"text": "\" The novel was written over 20 months."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Look Homeward, Angel was published in 1929 to generally positive reviews in North America, most praising the author's brilliance and emo... | r66ms3TFc9Ct25ON6Poq | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Look Homeward, Angel: A Story of the Buried Life is a 1929 novel by Thomas Wolfe."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Wolfe, Thomas (1929). Look Homeward, Angel: A Story of the Buried Life."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"... | Look Homeward, Angel: A Story of the Buried Life is a 1929 novel by Thomas Wolfe that took twelve years to finish getting a negative reception and tearing down Wolfe. | 0 | 0 | Look Homeward, Angel |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It is a satire on contemporary society which showcases the lifestyle led by some people of that age."
}
] | r67X1Bt7GjLe0cNTY3LL | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It is a satire on contemporary society which showcases the lifestyle led by some people of that age."
},
{
"section_head... | The poem The Rape of the Lock is a satire. | 0 | 0 | The Rape of the Lock |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His role in helping form the nation, however, would be overshadowed when he killed fellow Founding Father Alexander Hamilton in an 1804 duel and the charges of treason brought against him in 1807."
}
] | r6uikKceLBZHrScvF9eu | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Character",
"text": "Aaron Burr was a man of complex character who made many friends, but also many powerful enemies."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War",
"text": "Burr distinguished himself during the Battle of Quebec on December 31, 1775, where he attempted to reco... | Aaron Burr killed a man in a dual. | 0 | 0 | Aaron Burr |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cider House Rules (1985) is a novel by American writer John Irving, a Bildungsroman, which was later adapted into a film (1999) and a stage play by Peter Parnell."
}
] | r86m72aCSOOIORqZYEmU | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The name \"The Cider House Rules\" refers to the list of rules that the migrant workers are supposed to follow at the Ocean View Orchards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cider House Rules (1985) is a novel by American writer John Irving, a Bi... | The Cider House Rules was a book that was only made into a movie. | 0 | 0 | The Cider House Rules |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Front office and media career",
"text": "Robinson served as an assistant general manager for the Orioles through 1995, when he was fired."
}
] | r8F9DixCaLMndLCx1ZKw | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Manager | Managing career",
"text": "Robinson, who wanted either a front office job or a consultancy, declined."
},
{
"section_header": "Manager | Managing career",
"text": "In 1975, the Indians named him player-manager, giving him distinction of being the first black manage... | Jackie Robinson was let go from his job of being the the junior manager for the Reds. | 0 | 0 | Frank Robinson |
Sports | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The store owner called him \"Pie Face\", which was later shortened to Pie by his friends."
}
] | r8HedWsIT0VvM7eY6Kqu | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He received his nickname as a child in Somerville, Massachusetts, because he frequented a grocery store and often asked for pie."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The store owner called him \"Pie Face\", which was later shortened to Pie by ... | Pie acquired his nickname from a school yard bully. | 3 | 5 | Pie Traynor |
Literature | 8 | [
{
"section_header": "Meaning",
"text": "Harold Bloom says Don Quixote is the first modern novel, and that the protagonist is at war with Freud's reality principle, which accepts the necessity of dying."
}
] | r8bhahbs4BqyVd0DqhB4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "No sooner was it in the hands of the public than preparations were made to issue derivative (pirated) editions."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | English editions in translation",
"text": "The 21st century has already seen five new translations of... | Don Quixote novel is about an English pirate. | 2 | 9 | Don Quixote |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "He died in Georgia in 1991. Appling was born in High Point, North Carolina."
}
] | r8e7TLNoq2AIRYjH9PJ0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lucius Benjamin \"Luke\" Appling (April 2, 1907 – January 3, 1991), nicknamed \"Old Aches and Pains\" was an American shortstop in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the Chicago White Sox (1930–1950)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
... | American baseball player Lucius Benjamin "Luke" Appling is from North Carolina. | 0 | 0 | Luke Appling |
Popular Culture | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1991, at the age of 7, she moved from Soviet Ukraine to the United States with her family."
}
] | r97BSrTRw4enHVJl5L5J | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "I won't go to the 'it's-happening' place."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2008: Transition to film",
"text": "DVD talk concluded that \"fans would be much better off pretending the movie never happened in the first place\"."
... | Mila Kunis was born is Salem, Oregon. | 1 | 2 | Mila Kunis |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Moroney gave up her infant for adoption and concealed information in the New York City birth registry, where Palmer is listed as Baby Boy Kennedy, whose father was Maroney and mother was Kennedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Research c... | r9Pcn0HkZCIDu6kIKxak | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Maroney was the incorrect spelling of her surname as listed when she registered at Ellis Island, while Kennedy was her sister Katharine's married name."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Moroney gave up her infant for adoption and concealed ... | On his birth certificate, Palmer's surname was listed as Geheran. | 2 | 4 | Jim Palmer |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Upanishads (; Sanskrit: उपनिषद् Upaniṣad [ˈʊpɐnɪʂɐd]) are late Vedic Sanskrit texts of religious teaching and ideas still revered in Hinduism."
}
] | r9baw3fbFxfHCKR9wtnY | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Among the most important literature in the history of Indian religions and culture, the Upanishads played an important role in the development of spiritual ideas in ancient India, marking a transition from Vedic ritualism to new ideas and institutions."
},
{
"... | The Upanishads are Sanskrit texts of religious teaching that played an important role in ancient India. | 0 | 0 | Upanishads |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonard Bernstein ( BURN-styne; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, pianist, music educator, author, and lifelong humanitarian."
}
] | rABaKE4lJ7JF5HZsNjg0 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Leonard Bernstein Letters'."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Bernstein, Leonard (1993) [1982]."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence and characteristics as a composer | Anecdotes",
"text": "\" How was I to know he would gr... | Leonard Bernstein was a lawyer. | 0 | 0 | Leonard Bernstein |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Classification and diversity",
"text": "Most are marine animals, although a few species live in fresh water and even fewer on land."
}
] | rAN4kirr5DQ54tPTrK2p | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Ecological significance",
"text": "The burrowers loosen the soil so that oxygen and water can penetrate it, and both surface and burrowing worms help to produce soil by mixing organic and mineral matter, by accelerating the decomposition of organic matter and thus making it more quickly... | The majority of Annelida, or worms, survive in and burrow through soil, decomposing matter, and the guts of other animals as parasites, although leeches are a notable exception that swim. | 2 | 4 | Annelida |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Symphony No. 1, depression, and conducting debut, 1894–1900",
"text": "The piece was brutally panned by critic and nationalist composer César Cui, who likened it to a depiction of the ten plagues of Egypt, suggesting it would be admired by the \"inmates\" of a music conserva... | rAXRZxZifaxNXfegePCz | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Symphony No. 1, depression, and conducting debut, 1894–1900",
"text": "The deficiencies of the performance, conducted by Alexander Glazunov, were not commented on by other critics, but according to a memoir from Alexander Ossovsky, a close friend of Rachmaninoff, Glazunov ma... | Symphony No. 1 by Rachmaninoff was well-received by a prominent critic of his time. | 0 | 0 | Sergey Rachmaninoff |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sparta (Doric Greek: Σπάρτα, Spártā; Attic Greek: Σπάρτη, Spártē) was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece."
}
] | rAzye1drVDPR6F0ZabKV | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Laconophilia",
"text": "In ancient times \"Many of the noblest and best of the Athenians always considered the Spartan state nearly as an ideal theory realised in practice.\" Many Greek philosophers, especially Platonists, would often describe Sparta as an ideal state, strong, brave, an... | Sparta was not useful to commerce in archaic times. | 0 | 0 | Sparta |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Billy Leo Williams (born June 15, 1938) is a retired American baseball left fielder who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and 2 seasons for the Oakland Athletics."
}
] | rBDWbLXvMNOCJNKdyHpE | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Early in his career, this earned him the nickname \"Sweet-Swinging Billy Williams,\" sometimes shortened to \"Sweet Williams\" or \"Sweet Billy\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Billy Leo Williams (born June 15, 1938) is a re... | Billy Williams played for the Chicago Cubs. | 0 | 0 | Billy Williams |
Music | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Posthumous projects | 2016",
"text": "On August 21, 2016, Prince was posthumously inducted into the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame."
}
] | rBDrVOJK4Z7ZfbLEhPnR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004, the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2006, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Achievements",
"text": "He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 200... | Before his passing, Prince is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004, the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2010, the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2006, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2016. | 4 | 7 | Prince (musician) |
Popular Culture | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Film adaptation",
"text": "The film received nine Academy Awards—including Best Picture and Director—at the 69th Academy Awards."
}
] | rC9gsQWqsqQuHtkGi03T | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "The novel won the 1992 Booker Prize, the 1992 Governor General's Award, and the 2018 Golden Man Booker award."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptation",
"text": "The film received nine Academy Awards—including Best Picture and Director—at the 69th Academy A... | The English Patient has won 8 Academy Awards. | 1 | 4 | The English Patient |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He did not receive his high school diploma until June 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Music",
"text": "Mark, at the age of 13, was one of the group's original members, along with Donnie, but quit after a few months."
}
] | rCetwU7G7EGMQDLzIo2a | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Music",
"text": "Marky Mark opened for the New Kids on the Block during their last tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Music",
"text": "Wahlberg first came to fame as the younger brother of Donnie Wahlberg of the successful boy band, New Kids on the Block."
},... | Mark Wahlberg was a member of New Kids on the Block. | 3 | 5 | Mark Wahlberg |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits | Stuntman death",
"text": "Though rushed to a hospital, his injuries were too severe and he was taken off life support the next day."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits | Stuntman death",
"text": "Fear the Walking Dead. During filming of season 8 in July 2017, stuntm... | rCsm18jcEpoDxLvHQxjG | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits | Stuntman death",
"text": "Fear the Walking Dead. During filming of season 8 in July 2017, stuntman John Bernecker was performing a 21-foot drop but ended up missing padded cushions and instead fell onto the concrete floor, sustaining a serious head injury."
},
{
"sect... | John Bernecker missed a 21-foot drop and landed on the concrete instead of the padded cushions, but survived despite his head injury. | 3 | 3 | The Walking Dead (TV series) |
Geography | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "There are also 6 heavy-duty elevators for utility."
}
] | rCw9uesxY2BYKSgWh0xJ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "There are also 6 heavy-duty elevators for utility."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "There are 29 double-deck passenger elevators, but there are different sets that service certain floors of the towers, specifically ... | It has 6 heavy-duty elevators for utility. | 0 | 4 | Petronas Towers |
Music | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Academic dress",
"text": "Redcurrant, an extremely red shade of pink, is the distinctive color for Medicine (and other health-related fields) fr:Groseille (couleur)."
}
] | rCzKv6MVPK9EcgNPH1kM | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History, art and fashion | 19th century",
"text": "In late nineteenth-century France, Impressionist painters working in a pastel color palette sometimes depicted women wearing the color pink, such as Edgar Degas’ image of ballet dancers or Mary Cassatt"
},
{
"section_header": "H... | In France, art students wear pink clothes. | 4 | 4 | Pink |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pierre de Fermat (French: [pjɛːʁ də fɛʁma]) (between 31 October and 6 December 1607 – 12 January 1665) was a French lawyer at the Parlement of Toulouse, France, and a mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus, includin... | rDI1d1hOYn1GiWjt2Hxd | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Fermat thereby became entitled to change his name from Pierre Fermat to Pierre de Fermat."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "The oldest and most prestigious high school in Toulouse is named after him: the Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat."
},
... | Pierre de Fermat was the inventor of fermentation. | 0 | 0 | Pierre de Fermat |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Arnold Douglas (April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician and lawyer from Illinois."
}
] | rDjuZkw8uYWMah3RjNO6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "During his brief tenure as secretary of state, Douglas helped arrange a state charter for the Mormon settlement of Nauvoo."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "During the presidential election of... | Douglas was a lawyer during his career and from Illinois. | 0 | 0 | Stephen A. Douglas |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[isˈtanbuɫ] (listen)), formerly known as Byzantium and Constantinople, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural and historic center."
}
] | rDxiv3aDP0aWW8uRnLJK | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Toponymy",
"text": "The first known name of the city is Byzantium (Greek: Βυζάντιον, Byzántion),"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[isˈtanbuɫ] (listen)), formerly known as Byzantium and Constantinople, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic,... | Istanbul use to be known as Byzantium. | 0 | 0 | Istanbul |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Media figure and business interests",
"text": "As a result of James's endorsement money and NBA salary, he has been listed as one of the world's highest-paid athletes."
}
] | rEc4kI2N6gNJcL8TOyZE | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "James is widely considered to be one of the greatest basketball players ever."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is widely considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in NBA history."
},
{
"section_header": "Off the court | M... | American basketball player LeBron James is considered to be one of the best basketball players and is one of the highest paid athletes. | 0 | 0 | LeBron James |
Geography | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza was a major focal point in the Northern Maya Lowlands from the Late Classic (c. AD 600–900) through the Terminal Classic (c. AD 800–900) and into the early portion of the Postclassic period (c. AD 900–1200)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
... | rEjXKnxwsgq02VBLvYZC | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural styles",
"text": "The Puuc-style building feature the usual mosaic-decorated upper façades characteristic of the style but differ from the architecture of the Puuc heartland in their block masonry walls, as opposed to the fine veneers of the Puuc region ... | The site showcases many different styles of architecture. | 1 | 6 | Chichen Itza |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Beginning in 1954, he managed the unaffiliated Richmond Virginians, a Class AAA team in the International League which affiliated with the New York Yankees in 1958 but after 1964 moved and became the Toledo Mud Hens."
}
] | rF5szlK975zh32M8YZZr | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "MLB playing career | Later career",
"text": "Appling had remained a solid contributor into his forties, but White Sox ownership was dedicated to a youth movement and he retired after the 1950 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Beginning in 1954, he manage... | When Luke Appling retired as a player, he managed a team. | 0 | 4 | Luke Appling |
History | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Transition from emigration to deportation",
"text": "After a posting in Prague to assist in setting up an emigration office there, Eichmann was transferred to Berlin in October 1939 to command the Reichszentrale für Jüdische Auswanderung (\"Reich Central Office for Je... | rFDNdiRyOoIn6lAs0LAD | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Trial | Appeals and execution",
"text": "Long live Germany. Long live Argentina."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His parents were Adolf Karl Eichmann, a bookkeeper, and Maria (née Schefferling), a housewife."
},
{
"section_header": "After... | Adolf Eichmann did live in Paris, France. | 1 | 6 | Adolf Eichmann |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Greek: Ναός του Παναγίου Τάφου, Latin: Ecclesia Sancti Sepulchri, Hebrew: כנסיית הקבר, Arabic: كنيسة القيامة) is a church in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem."
}
] | rFaSBUqmYIcRf14A0UXl | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Status Quo | 2018 Tax/Land affair",
"text": "The church leaders warned that if the organization gets the access to control the sites, Christians will lose access to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre."
},
{
"section_header": "Status Quo | 2018 Tax/Land affair",
"text": "The ci... | The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is the oldest church in Spain. | 0 | 0 | Church of the Holy Sepulchre |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Foster was born in Calvert, Texas on September 17, 1879."
}
] | rG05NpY47O79uauiskiR | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Andrew \"Rube\" Foster (September 17, 1879 – December 9, 1930) was an American baseball player, manager, and executive in the Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Negro Leagues Baseball Museum hosts the annual Andrew \"Rube\" Foste... | American baseball player Rube Foster was a Texan. | 0 | 0 | Rube Foster |
Music | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2002: Early work and Roc-A-Fella Records",
"text": "For a time, West acted as a ghost producer for Deric \"D-Dot\" Angelettie."
}
] | rGQsbUsQz96R8DDlivgt | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2002: Early work and Roc-A-Fella Records",
"text": "For a time, West acted as a ghost producer for Deric \"D-Dot\" Angelettie."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2002: Early work and Roc-A-Fella Records",
"text": "The ninth track from World Party, the last ... | Kanye West was a ghost producer for Deric Angelettie. | 3 | 4 | Kanye West |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Karl Goldmark (born Károly Goldmark, Keszthely, May 18, 1830 – Vienna, January 2, 1915) was a Hungarian-born Viennese composer."
}
] | rGVQdohvpZ2UEcAiDYf4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "\"His writing is distinctive for his even-handed promotion of both Brahms and Wagner, at a time when audiences (and most critics) were solidly in one composer's camp or the other and viewed those on the opposing side with undisguised hostility.\" (Liebermann 1... | Goldmark grew up in Ireland. | 0 | 0 | Karl Goldmark |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He died in Saranac Lake, New York, of tuberculosis on October 7, 1925."
}
] | rGZqfVVlar16NEILgRN2 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Mathewson had died on the day the series began, October 7."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and literary career",
"text": "Christy Mathewson Jr. served in World War II, and died in an explosion at his home in Texas in 1950."
},
{
"se... | Mathewson died from Parkinson's. | 2 | 5 | Christy Mathewson |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Film",
"text": "Sheen's film career began in 1984 with a role in the Cold War teen drama Red Dawn with Patrick Swayze, C. Thomas Howell, Lea Thompson, and Jennifer Grey."
}
] | rGqZu3Tu7KJcq8SEofjK | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Film",
"text": "Sheen and Grey reunited in a small scene in Ferris Bueller's Day Off (1986)."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Film",
"text": "Sheen had his first major role in the Vietnam War drama Platoon (1986)."
},
{
"section_header": "Acti... | Charlie Sheen started his acting career in 1986. | 0 | 0 | Charlie Sheen |
Technology | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Ratings",
"text": "Lyft does not allow passengers to know their rating."
}
] | rHoJHMTC6WpXr3qFrgiW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In September 2015, Lyft announced a relocation of its customer service operations to Nashville and mentioned that a full relocation would be possible in the future from San Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Ratings",
"text": "Lyft does... | Lyft tell to its customers about their grading. | 0 | 1 | Lyft |
History | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a major European war of the early 18th century, triggered by the death in November 1700 of the childless King Charles II of Spain."
}
] | rIaM6987QZGRbtE3r6fQ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Prelude to war",
"text": "Its provisions included securing the Dutch Barrier in the Spanish Netherlands, the Protestant succession in England and Scotland and an independent Spain but did not refer to placing Archduke Charles on the Spanish throne."
},
{
"section_header": "Summa... | The War of the Spanish Succession was a minor war that was due to Charles the first. | 1 | 4 | War of the Spanish Succession |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Rusie died in Seattle, Washington, in 1942."
}
] | rJWjP8LbTQRGaNjtyXqd | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This ruling was made effective for the 1893 season, at the peak of Amos Rusie's pitching prowess."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When he was still young, his family moved to nearby Indianapolis, Indiana, where he eventually quit school to w... | Amos Rusie's life ended in Indiana | 0 | 0 | Amos Rusie |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Pedro is married to former ESPN Deportes sideline reporter Carolina Cruz de Martínez, who now runs his charitable organization, Pedro Martínez and Brothers Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Boston Red Sox | 2000–2004",
"text": "Hitters al... | rJc1kk15vwZxnnmG97T4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Boston Red Sox | 2000–2004",
"text": "Martínez also set an American League record in K/BB, with a ratio of 8.88, surpassing the previous record set by Martínez in 1999 of 8.46."
},
{
"section_header": "Memorable games | Another close call",
"text": "Pedro Martínez n... | Pedro Martínez keeps his close relatives distant from his MLB career because he is striving to set records other than runner up. | 0 | 0 | Pedro Martinez |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Date",
"text": "None of the ancient texts mention when Chandragupta was born."
}
] | rJznDFbQKqaFCfAkU2Tl | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Date",
"text": "However, the Buddha's birth and death varies by source and all these lead to a chronology that is significantly different than the Greek-Roman records."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Southern conquest",
"text": "By the time his conquests were c... | Chandragupta's birth date is cited in documents from that time period. | 0 | 1 | Chandragupta Maurya |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "However, as the Führerbunker was below the water table, conditions were unpleasantly damp, with pumps running continuously to remove groundwater."
}
] | rKW2bCyz7OReXIJI1Ovf | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "Mohnke was interrogated by SMERSH, like others who were captured from the Führerbunker."
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "Hitler shot himself in the Führerbunker that afternoon, and Braun took cyanide."
},
{
"section_header"... | The Führerbunker had built-in humidifiers because of the dryness. | 0 | 0 | Führerbunker |
Geography | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "History | Opening",
"text": "The London Eye was formally opened by the Prime Minister Tony Blair on 31 December 1999, but did not open to the paying public until 9 March 2000 because of a capsule clutch problem."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening",
"text": "The Londo... | rKeczwrzdWXI2EwFnmGg | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Financial difficulties",
"text": "The lease agreement meant that the South Bank Centre, a publicly funded charity, would receive at least £500,000 a year from the attraction, the status of which is secured for the foreseeable future."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening",
... | The London Eye was meant to be a year long attraction but has since been turned into a permanent structure. | 1 | 4 | London Eye |
NOCAT | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Son of a minor daimyo, Tokugawa once lived as a hostage, on behalf of his father, under another Daimyo."
}
] | rKgq6zNt0TVd0L34cJCW | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Son of a minor daimyo, Tokugawa once lived as a hostage, on behalf of his father, under another Daimyo."
},
{
"section_header": "Ōgosho (1605–1616) | Siege of Osaka",
"text": "He was now a young daimyō living in Osaka Castle."
},
{
"section_header"... | Tokugawa Ieyasu once lived as a hostage on behalf of his father. | 1 | 1 | Tokugawa Ieyasu |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vladimir Putin has dominated Russia's political system since 1999, serving as either president or prime minister."
}
] | rKzw4O89CFwHok7buGWM | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | National holidays and symbols",
"text": "Russian New Year traditions resemble those of the Western Christmas, with New Year Trees and gifts, and Ded Moroz (Father Frost) playing the same role as Santa Claus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Russia hosts ... | Russia has had the same leader for 29 years. | 0 | 0 | Russia |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary | Second battle: Grendel's mother",
"text": "After stipulating a number of conditions to Hrothgar in case of his death (including the taking in of his kinsmen and the inheritance by Unferth of Beowulf's estate), Beowulf jumps into the lake, and while harassed by water monsters g... | rLGg5JFF3rW8UvW9AkMW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary | Second battle: Grendel's mother",
"text": "Grendel's mother, angry that her son has been killed, sets out to get revenge."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Second battle: Grendel's mother",
"text": "Grendel's mother violently kills Æschere, who is Hrothgar's most ... | In the poem Beowulf, Grendel's mother is killed during a battle in the clan hall. | 0 | 0 | Beowulf |
Literature | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The racism of the era runs through the novel in the language used by Harry and the other white Americans towards other races."
}
] | rLQr0jJXPc3IYvV20unB | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Have and Have Not is a novel by Ernest Hemingway (publ."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The racism of the era runs through the novel in the language used by Harry and the other white Americans towards other races."
},
{
"section_head... | The 1937 novel To Have and Have Not by Ernest Hemingway avoids topics of racism. | 1 | 3 | To Have and Have Not |
History | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Later political career (1922–1945) | Appeasement of Germany",
"text": "Hitler said he was pleased to have met \"the man who won the war\"; Lloyd George was moved, and called Hitler \"the greatest living German\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Later political career (1922–1945) | Appe... | rLYyIyZHNJ8XGP8WUral | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Assessment",
"text": "In 2007, historian John Shepherd wrote in History Today: In any poll of modern historians Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George would emerge as the two most renowned prime ministers during the past century."
},
{
"section_header": "Lloyd George's Cabinet... | David Lloyd George was rightly renowned for his good judgement. | 1 | 6 | David Lloyd George |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor."
}
] | rM0owQpaFwBlrxQCMp3O | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2016, Bieber became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Car... | Justin Bieber is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor and became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo. | 0 | 0 | Justin Bieber |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[O.S. 14 December] 1825. Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Tsar Nicholas"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Decembrist revolt or the Decembrist uprising (Russian: Восстание декабристов, tr."
}
] | rM2Rmf1ONlM4otFxmFY9 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vosstanie dekabristov) took place in Imperial Russia on 26 December"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "[O.S. 14 December] 1825. Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Tsar Nicholas"
},
{
"section_header": "At S... | The Decembrist revolt was a protest in Imperial Russia. | 0 | 0 | Decembrist revolt |
Science | 8 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Awards and recognition",
"text": "She received the Augusta Ada Lovelace Award from the Association for Women in Computing for her work on behalf of women in the computing field in 1995."
}
] | rMeM3UxoPlhDvMlf0skI | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Awards and recognition",
"text": "She received the Augusta Ada Lovelace Award from the Association for Women in Computing for her work on behalf of women in the computing field in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Awards and recognition",
"text": "Borg receive... | Anita Borg received the Augusta Ada Lovelace Award. | 1 | 8 | Anita Borg |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story, which is set during the American Civil War, is known for its irregular time sequence and twist ending."
}
] | rMvYqoOTxpNOzfCdOw5y | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge\" (1890) is a short story by the American writer and Civil War veteran Ambrose Bierce."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story, which is set during the American Civil War, is known for its irregular time se... | An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge is a short story by the American writer and Civil War veteran Ambrose Bierce, and is known for its regular time sequence and twist ending. | 0 | 0 | An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge |
Literature | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Along with some prayers, it can only be recited with a minyan of ten Jews."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kaddish cannot be recited alone."
}
] | rMyYAFfuAQ8U7wUm5UcX | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"holy\") is a hymn of praises about God found in Jewish prayer services."
},
{
"section_header": "Mourner's Kaddish",
"text": "Notably, the Mourner's Kaddish does not mention death at all, but instead praises God."
},
{
"section_header": "Variant ... | Kaddish is a hymn of praises about God found in Jewish prayer services and can be recited solo. | 0 | 3 | Kaddish |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Reese's nickname originated in his childhood, as he was a champion marbles player (a \"pee wee\" is a small marble)."
}
] | rNNYjDWy4wJqeAZOu0WN | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harold Peter Henry \"Pee Wee\" Reese (July 23, 1918 – August 14, 1999) was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Reese's nickname originated in his childhood, as he was a champion marbles player (a \"pee w... | Harold Reese was called Pee Wee when he was a child and the name stuck. | 0 | 0 | Pee Wee Reese |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "After baseball",
"text": "A decade later, he was ranked #73 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was a nominee for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He won a World Series game in 1932, two in... | rNd2Qq5FUDjdqZqG2o7i | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gomez was a five-time World Series champion with the Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "After baseball",
"text": "The Committee noted that Lefty pitched in seven World Series games with no losses and five wins."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
... | Lefty Gomez was a five-time World Series champion before 1940. | 0 | 0 | Lefty Gomez |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "Hemingway wrote more books about bullfighting: Death in the Afternoon was published in 1932 and The Dangerous Summer was published posthumously in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by Americ... | rNwWiNO8X56GQgQ26yV3 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Hemingway had intended to write a nonfiction book about bullfighting, but then decided that the week's experiences had presented him with enough material for a novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Two months later the book was ... | Hemingway was the author of two books about bullfighting. | 0 | 0 | The Sun Also Rises |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "History of the tune",
"text": "\"Say, Brothers, Will You Meet Us\", the tune that eventually became associated with \"John Brown's Body\" and the \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\", was formed in the American camp meeting circuit of the late 1700s and early 1800s."
}
] | rNylInwt6iJYIA249500 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History of the text of \"John Brown's Body\" | Other claims of authorship | Thomas Brigham Bishop",
"text": "Maine songwriter, musician, band leader, and Union soldier Thomas Brigham Bishop (1835–1905) has also been credited as the originator of the John Brown Song, notably by promoter ... | The marching song "John Brown's Body" was written by Union soldiers to original music. | 2 | 5 | John Brown's Body |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "A small stone monument to Dreyfuss was eventually installed in straightaway center field at Forbes Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "When the Pirates moved to Three Rivers Stadium in 1970, the monument was brought along and displayed in the ... | rO4z3aXOclwZLXmLMKA5 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Pittsburgh Pirates | Forbes Field",
"text": "Dreyfuss, with no intention of being one-upped, began the construction of Forbes Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Once in America, Barney Dreyfuss lived and worked with the Bernheim family in Paducah, Kentuck... | On the site where the old Pittsburgh Pirates's stadium used to be, there is a memorial to Barney Dreyfuss. | 0 | 0 | Barney Dreyfuss |
Literature | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception | Other reactions",
"text": "The depiction of Jews contrasted strongly with those in other novels such as Dickens' Oliver Twist and Trollope's The Way We Live Now."
}
] | rOGkLygzInWEj5bLKpje | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the last novel she completed and the only one set in the contemporary Victorian society of her day."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception | Other reactions",
"text": "Contemporary readers might ask themselves whether the seemi... | Deronda was a contemporary of Charles Dickens. | 1 | 6 | Daniel Deronda |
Science | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Definitions",
"text": "There are a number of ways mass can be measured or operationally defined: Inertial mass is a measure of an object's resistance to acceleration when a force is applied."
}
] | rORGTr4sjknsq3JmjBum | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Newtonian mass | Inertial mass",
"text": "= |a2| / |a1|. An additional difficulty was pointed out by Henri Poincaré, which is that the measurement of instantaneous acceleration is impossible: unlike the measurement of time or distance, there is no way to measure acceleration with a sing... | There are multiple ways to to measure mass. | 1 | 4 | Mass |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 18, he was the first teenager to be nominated for an Oscar for his leading role in Babes in Arms, and he was awarded a special Academy Juvenile Award in 1939."
}
] | rOSpOFy8iV9WIWqXMTsD | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Andy Hardy, Boys Town and Hollywood stardom",
"text": "Rooney was awarded a special Juvenile Academy Award in 1939, for \"significant contribution in bringing to the screen the spirit and personification of youth\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | World War II and lat... | Mickey Rooney appeared in 300 films and the second teen to be awarded the Academy Award. | 0 | 0 | Mickey Rooney |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Cancelled feature length sequel",
"text": "In July 1982, during the film's first theatrical run, Spielberg and Mathison wrote a treatment for a sequel to be titled E.T. II: Nocturnal Fears."
},
{
"section_header": "Cancelled feature length sequel",
"text": "Spielberg decided... | rQAK1KOjKZbhxsIhnQoe | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Spielberg figured that the movie would hit home harder if the kids were really saying goodbye to E.T. at the end."
},
{
"section_header": "Cancelled feature length sequel",
"text": "It would have shown Elliott and his friends getting kidnapped... | Steven Spielberg did all the writing for another movie, but the studio canceled the project, telling Spielberg they didn't think that children should be shown so many guns in movies. | 0 | 0 | E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has also appeared as the title character in the Robert Langdon film series, and has voiced Sheriff Woody in the Toy Story film series (1995–2019)."
}
] | rRS6pV1McAWqfI7IZu5H | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1988–2003: Established star",
"text": "He also returned as the voice of Woody in Toy Story 2, the sequel to Toy Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1988–2003: Established star",
"text": "Later that year, Hanks starred in Disney/Pixar's CGI-animated hit film Toy... | Tom Hanks is considered as an icon and played the voice of a toy. | 0 | 0 | Tom Hanks |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939) | 1932",
"text": "In 1932 Gehrig became the first player in the 20th century to hit four home runs in a game, when he accomplished the feat on June 3 against the Philadelphia Athletics."
}
] | rRuOdJcygKqS8GNj0sCG | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "With his team leading 8–6 in the top of the ninth inning, Gehrig hit a grand slam completely out of the major league park, which was an unheard-of feat for a 17-year-old."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939) | 1932",
... | Lou Gehrig was the 1st baseballer in the 1900's to score 4 home runs in a single game in 1932, unlike Ruth. | 1 | 5 | Lou Gehrig |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "JFK was released in theaters on December 20, 1991."
}
] | rSxQoQNmrREB4FRMi317 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Home media and alternate versions",
"text": "On November 11, 2003, a \"Special Edition\" DVD of the Director's Cut was released with the film on one disc and all of the extras from the 2001 edition on a second disc, in addition to a 90-minute documentary entitled, Beyond JFK: The Questi... | The film JFK was released on March of 1990. | 1 | 5 | JFK (film) |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diffraction refers to various phenomena that occur when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit."
}
] | rTaskJYYVfQx2er20ESW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Examples",
"text": "The most striking examples of diffraction are those that involve light; for example, the closely spaced tracks on a CD or DVD act as a diffraction grating to form the familiar rainbow pattern seen when looking at a disc."
},
{
"section_header": "Bragg diffrac... | Diffraction involves the splitting of cells. | 2 | 4 | Diffraction |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played shortstop for the Cincinnati Reds of the Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1986 to 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Middle career",
"text": "In July 2000, Larkin blocked a trade to the New York Mets to remain with the Reds."
}
] | rTySI27cGzl9ubYFBvNE | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Larkin was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in January 2012 and was inducted on July 22, 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played shortstop for the Cincinnati Reds of the Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1986 to 2004."
},
... | Barry Larkin played shortstop for the New York Mets of the Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1986 to 2004, and was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in January 2012 and was inducted on July 22, 2012. | 0 | 0 | Barry Larkin |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Assembly | Preparations",
"text": "St Peter's Field was a croft (an open piece of land) alongside Mount Street which was being cleared to enable the last section of Peter Street to be constructed."
},
{
"section_header": "Assembly | Preparations",
"text": "Piles of timber la... | rU6hglsTGytRIHrHOcpG | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Peterloo Massacre took place at St Peter's Field, Manchester, Lancashire, England on Monday 16 August 1819."
},
{
"section_header": "Commemorations",
"text": "The Free Trade Hall, home of the Anti-Corn Law League, was built partly as a \"cenotaph raise... | The Peterloo Massacre happened in a field where a road was going to be built. | 0 | 0 | Peterloo Massacre |
Sports | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Sutter was born to Howard and Thelma Sutter in Lancaster, Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Howard Bruce Sutter (; born January 8, 1953) is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played 12 seasons in Major League Ba... | rULjW9cxfLTLeqZ6DrJy | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father managed a Farm Bureau warehouse in Mount Joy, Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Atlanta Braves (1985–1988)",
"text": "\"To me, Bruce is the best there ever was\", Herzog said."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | St. Louis ... | Bruce Sutter was named after his father. | 0 | 2 | Bruce Sutter |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Themes | Symbolism and allusion",
"text": "The Faerie Queene was then banned in Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Symbolism and allusion",
"text": "It is also known that James VI of Scotland read the poem, and was very insulted by Duessa – a very negative depiction... | rUNQp04C4YrSi0EgD2j4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Faerie Queene is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Faerie Queene is notable for its form: it is one of the longest poems in the English language as well as the work in which Spenser invented the ver... | The Faerie Queene is the longest English epic poem by Edmund Spenser and was widely accepted in the United Kingdom, especially Scotland. | 0 | 0 | The Faerie Queene |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act III",
"text": "As an outlaw, Peer struggles to build his own cottage in the hills."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act V",
"text": "the cabin Peer built is close at hand, but he dares not enter."
}
] | rUr9y56S14twff02Mpxc | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Peer Gynt Sculpture Park",
"text": "It was established in 2006 by Selvaag, the company behind the housing development in the area."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable productions",
"text": "Bergman chose not to use Grieg's music, nor the more modern Harald Sæverud composition, ... | Peer Gynt is the builder of a little house. | 0 | 0 | Peer Gynt |
History | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ethiopia (; Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ, ʾĪtyōṗṗyā (listen) , Afar: Itiyoophiyaa,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With over 109 million inhabitants as of 2019, Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation... | rVDqjx8YbOR1LzR048qd | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Military",
"text": "Since 1996, landlocked Ethiopia has had no navy and the army is relatively small with about 170,000 volunteers on active duty."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With over 109 million inhabitants as of 2019, Ethiopia is the most populous landlock... | Ethiopia is not landlocked. | 3 | 5 | Ethiopia |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Areas known as \"Chinatown\" exist throughout the world, including Europe, North America, South America, Asia, Africa, Australasia and the Middle East."
}
] | rWef6CFzTyOuI1mSbGgB | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Definition",
"text": "An article in The New York Times blurs the line further by categorizing very different Chinatowns such as Chinatown, Manhattan, which exists in an urban setting as \"traditional\"; Monterey Park's Chinatown, which exists in a \"suburban\" setting (and labeled as su... | Chinatowns only exists in urban settings across the western hemisphere. | 2 | 3 | Chinatown |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It stands as a memorial to 70,000 soldiers of the British Indian Army who died in between 1914–1921 in the First World War, in France, Flanders, Mesopotamia, Persia, East Africa, Gallipoli and elsewhere in the Near and the Far East, and the third Anglo-Afghan War."
... | rWvcUkg7kwFMDfAwrxZF | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The India Gate (originally the All India War Memorial) is a war memorial located astride the Rajpath, on the eastern edge of the \"ceremonial axis\" of New Delhi, formerly called Kingsway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "India Gate is counted a... | India Gate is a memorial for WWII. | 0 | 0 | India Gate |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In August 2009, the Los Angeles County Coroner ruled that Jackson's death was a homicide, and Murray was convicted of involuntary manslaughter in November 2011."
}
] | rX7GjYFlVCjTLsFB0gFC | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Death | Criminal investigation and prosecution",
"text": "In August 2009, the Los Angeles County Coroner ruled that Jackson's death was a homicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In August 2009, the Los Angeles County Coroner ruled that Jackson's death was a hom... | Jackson's death was confirmed as a homicide. | 0 | 0 | Michael Jackson |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "During his time in the minor leagues, the media began to call Bottomley \"Sunny Jim\", due to his pleasant disposition."
}
] | rY1lntU4y5qxMsWVaGeH | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bottomley was nicknamed \"Sunny Jim\" because of his cheerful disposition."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "During his time in the minor leagues, the media began to call Bottomley \"Sunny Jim\", due to his pleas... | Jim Bottomley was given the nickname of Sunny Bottom because of his last name being Bottomley. | 0 | 0 | Jim Bottomley |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "This first publication earned him $12."
}
] | rYqrTa9CHxuUBIzIWztz | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Masque of the Red Death\" (originally published as \"The Mask of the Red Death: A Fantasy\") is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1842."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "This first publication ... | The short story by Edgar Allen Poe "The Masque of the Red Death" earned the author twelve dollars on its first run. | 0 | 0 | The Masque of the Red Death |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Assessment",
"text": "statesman. He laid the foundations of what later became the welfare state, and put a progressive income tax system at the centre of government finance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To fund extensive welfare reforms he proposed taxes on la... | rYwlvlMWoMloDv9Tp5oe | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was a Welsh statesman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Chancellor of the Exchequer (1908–1915) | First World ... | David Lloyd George served, as Prime Minister, of the United Kingdom and supported tax hike's to increase welfare programs. | 0 | 0 | David Lloyd George |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ming dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by Han Chinese."
}
] | rZ06obRDZM1J1eM1nDJ6 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Government | Province, prefecture, subprefecture, county",
"text": "Described as \"one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history\" by Edwin O. Reischauer, John K. Fairbank and Albert M. Craig, the Ming emperors took over the provincial administrati... | The Ming dynasty was the original dynasty to rule in the Hunan province and the Hongwu Emperor took over. | 0 | 0 | Ming Dynasty |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club have been FA Cup finalists four times, won the League Cup three times, and competed in four European campaigns."
}
] | rZu4gQeFn5YD6KHV0sN0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leicester City Football Club is an English professional football club based in Leicester in the East Midlands."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding and early years (1884–1949)",
"text": "The club was reformed as \"Leicester City Football Club\", par... | Leicester City is a football club that play nationally and internationally. | 2 | 6 | Leicester City F.C. |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Features | Lifeboats",
"text": "This gave Titanic the ability to carry up to 64 wooden lifeboats which would have been enough for 4,000 people—considerably more than her actual capacity."
}
] | raBsnsCqKUZYuQytn93F | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Features | Passenger facilities",
"text": "As seen aboard Titanic, all White Star Line passenger ships divided their Third Class accommodations into two sections, always at opposite ends of the vessel from one another."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lifeboats",
"text": ... | RMS Titanic had enough room on the ship to have an adequate amount of boats to accommodate every passenger on board in case of an crash. | 2 | 3 | RMS Titanic |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294."
}
] | rabEb1PHGrwBQHTFn2sL | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Khan of the Mongols",
"text": "Kublai reinforced Hulagu with 30,000 young Mongols in order to stabilize the political crises in the western regions of the Mongol Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Great Khan of the Mongols",
"text": "The Khans also sent N... | Kublai Khan of the Mongol Empire was the 5th Great Khan to rule the Yuan dynasty. | 0 | 0 | Kublai Khan |
History | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Biblical background",
"text": "Before the archeological discoveries that revealed the Hittite civilization, the only source of information about the Hittites had been the Old Testament."
}
] | rajpa2eLCfFlf5C8eBGH | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | Syro-Hittite states",
"text": "Known as Greek Tibarenoi (Ancient Greek: Τιβαρηνοί), Latin Tibareni, Thobeles in Josephus, their language may have been Luwian, testified to by monuments written using Anatolian hieroglyphs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ... | The Hittites were discussed in an historical work by an Ancient Greek philosopher. | 1 | 4 | Hittites |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From Here to Eternity is a 1953 American drama romance war film directed by Fred Zinnemann, and written by Daniel Taradash, based on the 1951 novel of the same name by James Jones."
}
] | rapv3XagCyAN2epZ5H4b | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Two songs are noteworthy: \"Re-Enlistment Blues\", and \"From Here to Eternity\", by Robert Wells and Fred Karger."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2002, From Here to Eternity was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by ... | The movie, From Here to Eternity takes inspiration from a 1950's short story. | 0 | 0 | From Here to Eternity |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Release and box office performance | Europe",
"text": "The film reached No. 1 in its second weekend and set a UK box office record, as the film's takings increased by 47%."
}
] | rb5Nkx62dWdRvBXJE99I | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Reactions from India and the Indian diaspora",
"text": "All the bad elements of Bombay's commercial cinema are put together and in a very slick way."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Reactions from India and the Indian diaspora",
"text": "\"Adoor Gopalakrishna... | The film did very well in Britain despite their shaky history with India. | 4 | 5 | Slumdog Millionaire |
History | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life | Military service",
"text": "When the British invaded neighboring Maryland in 1814, he served in the defense of Baltimore as a private in Henry Shippen's Company, 1st Brigade, 4th Division, Pennsylvania Militia, a unit of yagers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
... | rbHpVvzNN7gZJnu8u8FI | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life | Military service",
"text": "Buchanan is the only president with military experience who was not an officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Military service",
"text": "When the British invaded neighboring Maryland in 1814, he served in the defense of Balti... | James Buchanan was a politician and was in the military during the Battle of Baltimore. | 2 | 6 | James Buchanan |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Ann, a crown princess from an unnamed European nation, is on a state visit to Rome, becomes frustrated with her tightly scheduled life, and secretly leaves her country's embassy."
}
] | rcRrAcDOGWNJsiU6jek0 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Roman Holiday is a 1953 American romantic comedy film directed and produced by William Wyler."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Richard Curtis film Notting Hill has been likened to \"a 90's London-set version of Roman Holiday\"."
},
{
... | The film Roman Holiday is about a young American's experience in Italy. | 0 | 0 | Roman Holiday |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "He also faced difficulties with U.S. labor union representatives who disapproved of the British crew members working on the film without permits."
}
] | rcuVR8zQCLYQviGPcy7k | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fame is a 1980 American teen musical drama film directed by Alan Parker."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "He also faced difficulties with U.S. labor union representatives who disapproved of the British crew members working on the fi... | The 1980 film Fame the director Alan Parker had issues in filming because he did not bother to get proper permits for his crew. | 0 | 0 | Fame (1980 film) |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is a physician who shuns human patients in favour of animals, with whom he can speak in their own languages."
}
] | rdAvA035FhyQU9LCJcsl | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Appearances in other languages",
"text": "Norwegian playwright, songwriter, and illustrator, Thorbjørn Egner, made an album called Doktor Dyregod (Doctor good-toward-animals) with songs and story based on Doctor Dolittle."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Doctor Do... | Doctor Dollitle can transform persons into animals. | 1 | 4 | Doctor Dolittle |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She died in Paris on 17 March 1956 from an acute leukemia linked to her exposure to polonium and X-rays."
}
] | rdEgRHhCHjRwMG3WVNhl | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Biography | Research",
"text": "Treatment with antibiotics and a series of operations relieved her suffering temporarily but her condition continued to deteriorate."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "Irène and her sister Ève were sent to... | Irène Joliot-Curie suffered from cancer. | 0 | 0 | Irène Joliot-Curie |
Sports | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Bucketfoot Al\", he played for two decades in Major League Baseball (MLB) as an outfielder and had his best years with Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics during the late 1920s and early 1930s, winning two World Series with Philadelphia."
}
] | rdl0jzYQvywvj3WBClNW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He saw an advertisement for a company named Simmons Hardware and decided to take on the last name of Simmons."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "While Cleveland manager Al López encouraged Simmons to think about his decision, Simm... | Simmons was often referred to as "Bucktooth". | 0 | 2 | Al Simmons |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza was a large pre-Columbian city built by the Maya people of the Terminal Classic period."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Chichen Itza is located in the eastern portion of Yucatán state in Mexico."
}
] | re2oCeeChs2IkOSAyX5y | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Modern history",
"text": "For 30 years, Thompson explored the ancient city."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline",
"text": "According to some colonial Mayan sources (e.g., the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel), Hunac Ceel, ruler of Mayapan, conquered Chichen ... | Chichen Itza is an ancient Mayan city that is in North America. | 0 | 0 | Chichen Itza |
Subsets and Splits
Texts Containing Winter
Filters dataset entries containing the word "winter" which provides basic keyword search capability but offers limited analytical value beyond simple text matching.