category stringclasses 9
values | correct_votes int64 0 12 | gold_evidence list | id stringlengths 20 20 | label stringclasses 2
values | retrieved_evidence list | text stringlengths 16 429 | total_likes int64 0 7 | total_votes int64 0 13 | wikipedia_page stringlengths 3 49 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Literature | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of Hardy's Wessex novels, it is set in a fictional rural England with Casterbridge standing in for Dorchester in Dorset where the author spent his youth."
}
] | tsmPUZxQdBzFB8BRGehU | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Setting and date",
"text": "The author intended Casterbridge to be an imaginative presentation of certain aspects of the town as he remembered it in the \"dream\" of his childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting and date",
"text": "The book is one of Hardy's Wessex novels,... | The Mayor of Casterbridge's events occur in the real town of Casterbridge which is where the author would go on winter holidays. | 0 | 1 | The Mayor of Casterbridge |
History | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Bannockburn (Scottish Gaelic: Blàr Allt nam Bànag or Blàr Allt a' Bhonnaich) on 23 and 24 June 1314 was a victory of the army of King of Scots"
}
] | tszUrPL6zohKXpAtHL6h | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "Most medieval battles were short-lived, lasting only a few hours, so the Battle of Bannockburn is unusual in that it lasted two days."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Arts",
"text": "The Last Stand album by Sabaton features the song \... | The Battle of Bannockburn lasted for five days in 1314. | 3 | 7 | Battle of Bannockburn |
Geography | 8 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Opened in 1900, the city's subway system, the Paris Métro, serves 5.23 million passengers daily; it is the second busiest metro system in Europe after the Moscow Metro."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In 2018, Paris was the most expensive city ... | ttJbiWsaFnwOKjWYiSIN | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In the 2017 worldwide cost of living survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit, based on a survey made in September 2016, Paris ranked as the seventh most expensive city in the world, and the second most expensive in Europe, after Zurich."
},
{
"section_header... | Paris was ranked as the second most expensive city of the world in 2018. | 3 | 8 | Paris |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "After suffering a series of strokes and congestive heart failure, he died of cardiac arrest at the age of 83 on July 5, 2002, at Citrus Memorial Hospital, Inverness, Florida, near his home in Citrus Hills, Florida."
}
] | ttQohTP1a2uOMAwSBvZK | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major leagues (1939–1942, 1946–1960) | 1946–1949",
"text": "Williams ran away as the winner in the MVP voting."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | U.S. Marine Corps, Korea (1952–1953)",
"text": "Williams sat out the first month of the 1955 se... | Williams passed away due to heart problems. | 0 | 0 | Ted Williams |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Apollo 13 is a 1995 American space docudrama film directed by Ron Howard and starring Tom Hanks, Kevin Bacon, Bill Paxton, Ed Harris, and Gary Sinise."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The screenplay by William Broyles Jr. and Al Reinert dramatiz... | ttkwOF3Oi5V3HlO7D27t | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film depicts astronauts Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise aboard Apollo 13 for America's third Moon landing mission."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The screenplay by William Broyles Jr. and Al Reinert dramatizes the aborted 1970 Apollo ... | Apollo 13 is a movie by Ron Howard and is about the third lunar landing that did not happen as described in a book. | 2 | 5 | Apollo 13 (film) |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Mutiny | Mutineers divided",
"text": "With the festivities under way, he cut the anchor rope and Bounty sailed away with its captive guests."
},
{
"section_header": "Mutiny | Mutineers divided",
"text": "Bounty's complement now comprised nine mutineers—Christian, Young, Quin... | tuCA13o8mrAu10nR9DBn | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Expedition | Towards home",
"text": "His mood was worsened when Bligh accused him of stealing coconuts from the captain's private supply."
},
{
"section_header": "Mutiny | Mutineers divided",
"text": "That evening, Christian inveigled aboard Bounty a party of Tahitians, main... | The mutineers didn't try to steal a number of women from Tahiti. | 1 | 3 | Mutiny on the Bounty |
Technology | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Current operations",
"text": "storage solutionsDell also owns separate businesses: VMware (80%), RSA Security, Pivotal Software, Secureworks, Virtustream, and Dell Boomi"
}
] | tuNkw9FJaqzxBm5nThKp | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dell Technologies Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Round Rock, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "History | IPO",
"text": "On January 29, 2018, it was reported that Dell Technologies was considering a reverse merger with i... | Dell Technologies does not own other companies. | 0 | 1 | Dell Technologies |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His major works include the Piano Quintet in A major, D. 667 (Trout Quintet), the Symphony No. 8 in B minor, D. 759 (Unfinished Symphony), the ”Great” Symphony No. 9 in C major, D. 944, the String Quintet (D. 956), the three last piano sonatas (D. 958–960), the opera ... | tuQi6Bke9dZ66pgG2G5a | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Music | Publication – catalogue | Numbering issues",
"text": "Schubert's last completed symphony, the Great C major D 944, was assigned the numbers 7, 8, 9 and 10, depending on publication."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "But the Unfinished and especially the... | Franz Schubert composed the Symphony #8 in C major. | 0 | 0 | Franz Schubert |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Personal life",
"text": "James has three children with Savannah Brinson, his high school sweetheart: Bronny (b. 2004), Bryce (b. 2007), and Zhuri (b. 2014)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "His teams have appeared in the Finals nine times and won th... | tuzNK3eQt2QDg0lhxaAj | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned league MVP and Finals MVP."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Realizing that her son would be better off in a more sta... | Le Bron James has a son name Bronny and has won more than two NBA championships. | 0 | 0 | LeBron James |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A celebrated Hollywood film version, starring Henry Fonda and directed by John Ford, was released in 1940."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939."
}
] | tvfQ9R3RLtTTm4xXpx8u | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In his book The Art of Fiction (1984), John Gardner criticized Steinbeck for not knowing anything about the California ranchers: \"Witness Steinbeck's failure in The Grapes of Wrath."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrat... | The Grapes of Wrath is a book by John Steinbeck and became a movie. | 0 | 0 | The Grapes of Wrath |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shelley started writing the story when she was 18, and the first edition was published anonymously in London on 1 January 1818, when she was 20."
}
] | twGqMRghHudRxGpdfzZW | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her name first appeared in the second edition published in Paris in 1821."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "It was published in an edition of just 500 copies in three volumes, the standard \"triple-decker\" format for 19th-century first editi... | Frankenstein's first edition was made public in Paris. | 0 | 0 | Frankenstein |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Performing arts",
"text": "Seattle is considered the home of grunge music, having produced artists such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, Pearl Jam, and Mudhoney, all of whom reached international audiences in the early 1990s."
}
] | twXeBvbAextHETG9SjY0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Performing arts",
"text": "The century-old Seattle Symphony Orchestra has won many awards and performs primarily at Benaroya Hall."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "The earliest Chinese-Americans that came in the late 19th and early 20th centuries we... | Seattle, Washington was the artistic wellspring from which notable performers of an alternative sound of the late twentieth century sprung. | 0 | 0 | Seattle |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 – January 27, 1893) was an American statesman and Republican politician who represented Maine in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1876, serving as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1869 to 1875, an... | tx4gRlUAzY9i1kfrvRxe | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "United States Senate, 1876–1881",
"text": "Blaine continued to antagonize Southern Democrats, voting against bills passed in the Democrat-controlled House that would reduce the Army's appropriation and repeal the post-war Enforcement Acts he had helped pass."
},
{
"section_heade... | Blaine was a Democrat. | 0 | 0 | James G. Blaine |
Music | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: Formation, Hamburg, and UK popularity",
"text": "In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a skiffle group with several friends from Quarry Bank High School in Liverpool."
}
] | tx8o54wgZVDFAWWF4Ao4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: Formation, Hamburg, and UK popularity",
"text": "In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a skiffle group with several friends from Quarry Bank High School in Liverpool."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Beatles were an English... | John Lennon formed a band that was briefly named Aces High in Liverpool in early 1957. | 4 | 5 | The Beatles |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is one of James's most popular long novels and is regarded by critics as one of his finest."
}
] | ty30M0QDnuCG2kONK9gE | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Editions",
"text": "James, Henry. The Portrait of a Lady."
},
{
"section_header": "Editions",
"text": "James, Henry. The Portrait of a Lady."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Portrait of a Lady is a novel by Henry James, first published as a serial ... | The Portrait of a Lady is a short novel by Henry James. | 0 | 0 | The Portrait of a Lady |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Life | Lasting relationships | Robert Schumann",
"text": "From then on, the couple maintained a joint musical and personal diary of their life together."
},
{
"section_header": "Family life",
"text": "She fully accepted the arrangement of a shared diary as evidenced by her m... | tyLUzVPHZA5cTEW4S6MR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Film",
"text": "Clara Schumann has been portrayed on screen many times."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Lasting relationships | Robert Schumann",
"text": "In March 1854, Brahms, Joachim, Albert Dietrich, and Julius Otto Grimm spent time with Clara Schumann, playing ... | Clara Schumann kept a secret journal. | 0 | 0 | Clara Schumann |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An overwhelming critical and commercial success, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon won over 40 awards and was nominated for 10 Academy Awards in 2001, including Best Picture, and won Best Foreign Language Film, Best Art Direction, Best Original Score and Best Cinematogra... | tynrjMuVKw9dofvKHnUT | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Themes and Interpretations | Title",
"text": "\" Besides, The title Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon has several layers of meanings."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing",
"text": "The latter was released in 2004 as New Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon for US and Canadian release.... | Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon has been nominated more times than any other movie. | 0 | 0 | Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry \"Harry\" Wright (January 10, 1835 – October 3, 1895) was an English-born American professional baseball player, manager, and developer."
}
] | tzDYBvwY2RQlYJ7BTap4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Cincinnati | Seventh-Inning Stretch Report",
"text": "In 1869 Wright became the first to make written mention of the Seventh-inning stretch in a game he watched."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston | The National League years",
"text": "Sportswriters tended to refer to them as t... | Harry was born in Westhaven, New Hampshire but played for the Cincinnati Red Socks. | 0 | 0 | Harry Wright |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Uses | Minor and emerging uses | As a fuel",
"text": "The raw energy density of liquid ammonia is 11.5 MJ/L, which is about a third that of diesel."
}
] | tzKIJlFbAkKiFkRmSDnX | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Ammonia's role in biological systems and human disease | In physiology",
"text": "Liver dysfunction, such as that seen in cirrhosis, may lead to elevated amounts of ammonia in the blood (hyperammonemia)."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties",
"text": "When mixed with oxygen, ... | Ammonia is only about 33% as effective for burning as the same amount of petrol. | 0 | 0 | Ammonia |
Science | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic compound and hydrotrope that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, e.g. muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis."
}
] | tzWA7HRrvTehqtKKNkOI | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When consumed in metabolic processes, it converts either to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or to adenosine monophosphate (AMP)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic compound and hydrotrope that provides energy... | Adenosine triphosphate is what allows the voluntary and involuntary movements in your body. | 0 | 3 | Adenosine triphosphate |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is set in the fictitious town of Starkfield, Massachusetts."
}
] | tzzAgQ3w8lX2B0vhmouy | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ethan Frome is a 1911 book by American author Edith Wharton."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The New York Times called Ethan Frome \"a compelling and haunting story."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel was adapte... | Edith Wharton's novel Ethan Frome is set in New Hampshire. | 0 | 0 | Ethan Frome |
Geography | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Skydeck",
"text": "Tourists can experience how the building sways in wind and see far over the plains of Illinois and across Lake Michigan to Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin in clear conditions."
}
] | u0EfDWjcVFih9TfL5yHu | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting",
"text": "Many broadcast station transmitters are located at the top of Willis Tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Figures and statistics",
"text": "The design for Willis Tower incorporates nine steel-unit square tubes in a 3-tube by 3-tube arrangement, with each h... | On a clear day, 3 states can be seen from the top of the Willis Tower. | 2 | 2 | Willis Tower |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adobe Inc. ( ə-DOH-bee), is an American multinational computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, and incorporated in Delaware."
}
] | u0IGhAy1qM5M5rM7OG6p | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2002, Adobe acquired Canadian company Accelio (also known as JetForm).In May,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adobe Inc. ( ə-DOH-bee), is an American multinational computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, and incorpor... | Adobe Inc is not a Canadian company | 0 | 0 | Adobe Inc. |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "He did not have to convince Olivia de Havilland, who threw herself into the research with an intensity that surprised even those who knew her well."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Gene Tierney was the first choice to play Virginia Stuart ... | u0RN9oDHp3pVCTi5y0iz | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Other adaptations",
"text": "The Snake Pit was dramatized as an hour-long radio play on the April 10, 1950 broadcast of Lux Radio Theater, with de Havilland reprising her film role."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Much of the film was filmed in the Camarillo S... | In the film The Snake Pit, the actress who plays Virginia performed much research for the role. | 0 | 0 | The Snake Pit |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Warner Bros. It is an adaptation of the 1985 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi, who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese."
}
] | u0YkI0y34OlzlNfnRMUw | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Goodfellas is based on New York crime reporter Nicholas Pileggi's book Wiseguy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "GoodFellas is easily one of the year's best films."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",... | Goodfellas was based on a true story about crime in the 90's. | 2 | 3 | Goodfellas |
Geography | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One World Trade Center (also known as One World Trade, One WTC, or Freedom Tower) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City."
}
] | u0opUUtD2EoF3CirE9Qs | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Current building (2013–present) | Key figures | Key project coordinators",
"text": "He gave an initial proposal, which he called \"Memory Foundations\", for the design of One World Trade Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1971–2001) | Specifications and operatio... | One World Trade Center is also called the Power Tower. | 1 | 7 | One World Trade Center |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received largely positive reviews and praise for its animation, humor, writing, and musical score."
}
] | u0qGVOaVhSvAsxubVi1t | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"Incredibles 2 reunites Pixar's family crimefighting team for a long-awaited follow-up that may not quite live up to the original, but comes close enough to earn its name."
},
{
"section_header": "... | Incredibles 2 received mixed critics. | 0 | 0 | Incredibles 2 |
History | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1704, he enrolled with the rapidly expanding Russian navy of Tsar Peter I (Peter the Great)."
}
] | u19zopak2FbWHELgYWFz | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Vitus Jonassen Bering (baptised 5 August 1681, died 19 December 1741), also known as Ivan Ivanovich Bering, was a Danish cartographer and explorer in Russian service, and an officer in the Russian Navy."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"te... | Vitus Bering worked under Tsar Ivan The Terrible. | 1 | 7 | Vitus Bering |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–1999: Formation and first years",
"text": "Coldplay have since accepted Harvey as the fifth member of the group."
}
] | u1Uj8SUo7yDOzwNbeUQ6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coldplay are a British rock band that were formed in London in 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1996–1999: Formation and first years",
"text": "Coldplay have since accepted Harvey as the fifth member of the group."
},
{
"section_header": "H... | Coldplay, a British rock band that were formed in London in 1996 consists of four members, recently adding a fifth. | 0 | 0 | Coldplay |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The film ends with Luke speaking to young men about his experience in Vietnam, intercut with Bob placing his neatly folded Marine dress uniform on the beach, taking off his wedding ring, and swimming naked out into the ocean to commit suicide."
},
{
"section_head... | u2DG881dHRGef4z3uGAL | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Coming Home premiered at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival, where Voight won the award for Best Actor for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home was theatrically released on February 15, 1978 to critical and commercial succe... | The 1978 film Coming Home has three suicides in it. | 0 | 0 | Coming Home (1978 film) |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Naver is also frequently referred to as 'the Google of South Korea'."
}
] | u2nMsTx5FJQQG9SgkB1Z | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "PRISM Live Studio",
"text": "Platforms supported includes YouTube, Facebook, Twitch, Periscope, V Live, Naver TV, afreecaTV, kakaoTV and RTMP channels."
},
{
"section_header": "Naver TV",
"text": "Naver TV (formerly Naver TV Cast) is a web broadcast network which mainly prov... | Naver is China's version of YouTube. | 0 | 0 | Naver |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Deborah Jane Trimmer was born on 30 September 1921 in Hillhead, Glasgow, the only daughter of Kathleen Rose (née Smale) and Capt."
}
] | u3FQen8rz04yzo2rgzKm | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had two daughters, Melanie Jane (born 27 December 1947) and Francesca Ann (born 20 December 1951 and subsequently married to the actor John Shrapnel)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Deborah Jane Trimmer was born on 30 September 1... | Kerr was born and raised in Germany. | 2 | 3 | Deborah Kerr |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sculptor Gutzon Borglum created the sculpture's design and oversaw the project's execution from 1927 to 1941 with the help of his son Lincoln Borglum."
}
] | u3Mf6iErrncrhtMvyn9a | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mount Rushmore National Memorial is centered on a colossal sculpture carved into the granite face of Mount Rushmore in the Black Hills in Keystone, South Dakota."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sculptor Gutzon Borglum created the sculpture's de... | Mount Rushmore National Memorial was designed by Gutzon Borglum. | 0 | 0 | Mount Rushmore National Memorial |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1975: Early life and the Jackson 5",
"text": "Michael Joseph Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, near Chicago, on August 29, 1958."
}
] | u3QTp6DlvB2ZCtsu3xOM | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "He was invited and honored by a President of the United States at the White House three times."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1975: Early life and the Jackson 5",
"text": "Katherine Jackson stated that although whipping is consid... | Michael Jackson is from the west coast of the United States. | 2 | 4 | Michael Jackson |
Music | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "From February 22, 1997, to January 1998, she was married to Cuban waiter Ojani Noa."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The couple postponed their nuptials indefinitely a day prior to the planned ceremony in September 2003, citing the m... | u3TCs4WDuCkvXVImDiRF | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On December 27, 1999, the couple was arrested along with two others in connection with a shooting outside a Times Square club."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2018–present: Hustlers and Super Bowl LIV halftime show",
"text": "Lopez will next star i... | Jennifer Lopez has been married two times and has been engaged to three other men she did not marry. | 1 | 2 | Jennifer Lopez |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, Switzerland, where Leonhard spent most of his childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in... | u3hVxWtvDoMpnVMcYWKU | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Berlin",
"text": "He lived for 25 years in Berlin, where he wrote over 380 articles."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, Switzerland, where Leonhard spent most of his chi... | Euler lived in Austria for most of his childhood before moving to Berlin. | 2 | 4 | Leonhard Euler |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "When Walter Alston, the manager, came to the mound to remove him from the game, Drysdale said, \"I bet right now you wish I was Jewish, too.\" The Dodgers lost the game to the Minnesota Twins 8-2 but went on to win the Series 4 games to 3."
}
] | u3lSo6fX3C5hvXYDtkTL | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Drysdale and Meyers had three children together: Don Junior (\"DJ\") (son), Darren (son), and Drew (daughter)."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Drysdale was a good hitting pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"tex... | Don Drysdale was a Jew. | 0 | 0 | Don Drysdale |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 1938, Makiki Field in Honolulu was renamed Cartwright Field."
}
] | u5G6nIqWwPrdBA1AehoF | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "1857 Laws of Base Ball",
"text": "The documents established the rules of the game, including - for the first time - nine innings, nine players on the field and 90-foot basepaths."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 1938, Makiki Field in Honolulu was renamed Cartwri... | Cartwright has a field rebranded in his honor. | 0 | 0 | Alexander Cartwright |
Music | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His music was largely ignored during his early life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years."
}
] | u5qcDQI47k7eHntCma5o | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Later in life, the quality of his music was publicly recognized, and he came to be regarded as an \"American original\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "While there, he championed Ives's music."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
... | Ives's music became famous and recognized immediately. | 0 | 1 | Charles Ives |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It stars Leslie Caron as a touchingly naïve French girl whose emotional relationship with a carnival puppeteer is conducted through the medium of four puppets."
}
] | u5voABEhvheBqyC7Ey7s | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Source text and sequel | Love of Seven Dolls",
"text": "In the book, the girl's nickname is Mouche (\"fly\") rather than Lili."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Kaper's setting of the song was performed by Caron and Mel Ferrer in the film; the performanc... | Lili was a film about a girl's relationship with a carnival performer. | 1 | 5 | Lili |
History | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "First, a fraudulent company, Crédit Mobilier, was created by Union Pacific executives to greatly inflate construction costs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The scandal negatively affected the careers of many politicians and nearly bankrupted U... | u6cvyN27TI8MngTLXxs5 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Crédit Mobilier scandal of 1867, which came to public attention in 1872, was a two-part fraud by the Union Pacific Railroad and the Crédit Mobilier of America construction company in the building of the eastern portion of the First Transcontinental Railroad."
},... | The Credit Mobilier of America scandal was based on a fake company that involved politicians and the Union Pacific. | 0 | 1 | Credit Mobilier of America scandal |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His mother, Mary Ford (née Litogot; 1839–1876), was born in Michigan as the youngest child of Belgian immigrants; her parents died when she was a child and she was adopted by neighbors, the O'Herns."
}
] | u6unRWugaUH7OGhPwLV6 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Peace and war | World War I era",
"text": "In 1915, the pacifist Rosika Schwimmer gained favor with Ford, who agreed to fund a Peace Ship to Europe, where World War I was raging."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Symphonic composer Ferde Grofe c... | Henry Ford's grandparents were from Europe. | 0 | 0 | Henry Ford |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As a player in 1913 and 1915 and from 1918 to 1929 for five big-league teams, Southworth took part in almost 1,200 games, fell just short of 1,300 hits and batted .297 lifetime."
}
] | u7pbfqLnqwmXWLomiEs2 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and playing career",
"text": "He had four older brothers who played baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and playing career",
"text": "Southworth played more regularly in 1919, appearing in 121 games and leading the league with 14 triples."
},
{
"... | Billy Southworth played for more than four teams in the majors. | 1 | 3 | Billy Southworth |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Early years",
"text": "He began his career as a pitcher, playing for two separate minor league teams, the Newnan Cowetas of the Georgia–Alabama League and the Dothan club of the FLAG League."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Early years",
"text": "Bo... | u8DJG7yBiODKAtnz2RNG | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Early years",
"text": "By this time, he was also beginning to play more in the field, pitching in 40 games and appearing in 55 other games."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Early years",
"text": "Born in Atlanta, Terry made his professional baseball... | At the beginning of Bill Terry's professional career , he played pitcher. | 0 | 0 | Bill Terry |
Music | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1986–2005: Early life",
"text": "Germanotta unsuccessfully auditioned for New York shows, though she did appear in a small role as a high school student in a 2001 episode of The Sopranos titled \"The Telltale Moozadell\"."
}
] | u8Tg8cv68IR6weiWsEyx | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1986–2005: Early life",
"text": "I was really, really good at piano, so my first instincts were to work so hard at practicing piano, and I might not have been a natural dancer, but I am a natural musician."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2005–2007: C... | Prior to graduation from NYU, she composed a piano piece for The Sopranos, marking her first TV work. | 4 | 6 | Lady Gaga |
Geography | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although it is not named an Arc de Triomphe, it has been designed on the same model and in the perspective of the Arc de Triomphe."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction and late 19th century",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe is located on the right ... | u8UTYrNG1aumKcn7XH13 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Construction and late 19th century",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe is located on the right bank of the Seine at the centre of a dodecagonal configuration of twelve radiating avenues."
},
{
"section_header": "Access",
"text": "Because of heavy traffic on the roundabo... | The Arc de Triomphe is located on the right bank of the Seine at the centre of a dodecagonal configuration of twelve radiating avenues. | 0 | 7 | Arc de Triomphe |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Football is the most popular national sport of Egypt."
}
] | u8UYpl7SAIJTeIUpDrNd | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Amr Shabana and Ramy Ashour are Egypt's best players and both were ranked the world's number one squash player."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism",
"text": "The Giza Necropolis is one of Egypt's best-known tourist attractions; it is the o... | Egypt's best known sport is soccer. | 0 | 0 | Egypt |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "As a teenager, he developed a skill in creating makeup, which enabled him to play much older characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His acting quality, usually playing a powerful character, such as the lead in Scarface (1932)... | u8giJalClph3Ai19LH8J | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was also highly skilled in using makeup techniques, a talent he learned from his parents, who were also actors, and from his early years on stage with the Yiddish theater in Chicago."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting techniques, reputation, and legacy",
"... | Paul Muni was a talented actor in makeup, learning to cover his facial scars. | 0 | 0 | Paul Muni |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The sixth and final part (chapter 32 and on) remains in the story's present, but takes a much darker turn and spends the remaining chapters focusing on the serious and brutal nature of war and life in general."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "... | u9FuC9OyWt5ct1syTprt | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Catch-22 is a satirical war novel by American author Joseph Heller."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "In Chapter 41 the full details of the gruesome death of Snowden are finally revealed."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
... | Catch-22 is a satirical war novel by American author Joseph Heller changing narrative states as the tone toward the end details a gruesome death and is more brutal. | 0 | 0 | Catch-22 |
History | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He favored unconventional tactics, frequently winning cities over by treachery or negotiation rather than by siege."
}
] | u9IU5L0a4aqfRPJe1kzM | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Recall to Athens | Reinstatement as an Athenian General",
"text": "According to the historian, Alcibiades had long known that Tissaphernes never meant to bring the fleet at all."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ancient Greek: Ἀλκιβιάδης , romanized: Alkibiádēs, [a... | The Athenian statesman, orator, and general Alcibiades was known for taking siege to enemy cities. | 0 | 1 | Alcibiades |
Literature | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The word, brand, derives from its original and current meaning as a firebrand, a burning piece of wood."
}
] | u9L10tfNZ3AFx1890YAm | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Global brand variables | Brand name | Types of brand names",
"text": "Brand names come in many styles."
},
{
"section_header": "Branding strategies | Social media brands",
"text": "This is an age where so many youngsters are coming forward to start their own ventures."
},
... | The term "brand" comes from Italic languages. | 0 | 1 | Brand |
Sports | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Orphaned early in his life, Naismith lived with his aunt and uncle for many years and attended grade school at Bennies Corners near Almonte."
}
] | u9xOCYbwSzxRvxshB0nl | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Orphaned early in his life, Naismith lived with his aunt and uncle for many years and attended grade school at Bennies Corners near Almonte."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Then, he enrolled in Almonte High School, in Almonte, Ontario, ... | James Naismith was orphaned early in life and lived with his aunt and uncle for many years. | 2 | 6 | James Naismith |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On June 9, 2020, Just Eat Takeaway, a European food delivery service, announced an agreement to buy Grubhub for $7.3 billion in stock."
}
] | u9z7e1AWodh0YExNGsf1 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Announced acquisition",
"text": "North American headquarters would remain in Chicago with Grubhub founder, Matt Maloney, joining the board of directors and heading North American operations."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Delivery",
"text": "In February 2020, t... | The American company Grubhub was bought in 2020. | 0 | 0 | Grubhub |
Sports | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "A radio announcer gave him the nickname \"Sparky\" in 1955 for his feisty play."
}
] | uA3hI3V0ZxND7u9rBmPO | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Even after White Sox groundskeepers removed debris from the field, Anderson refused to let the Tigers take the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Now no one will ever question me again."... | Anderson earned his epithet "Sparky" from being spunky on the field. | 0 | 3 | Sparky Anderson |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Gita is set in a narrative framework of a dialogue between Pandava prince Arjuna and his guide and charioteer Krishna."
}
] | uACM5P1baIF8DKEO8Fx0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Gita is set in a narrative framework of a dialogue between Pandava prince Arjuna and his guide and charioteer Krishna."
},
{
"section_header": "Content | Narrative",
"text": "The Gita is a dialogue between Krishna and Arjuna right before the start of t... | It is set in a narrative framework of a dialogue between Arjuna and Krishna. | 1 | 4 | Bhagavadgita |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Society | Religion",
"text": "Officially, North Korea is an atheist state."
}
] | uAPOXHefSFNdmPRwtIxz | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | Post-war developments",
"text": "In United States policymaking, North Korea was considered among the Captive Nations."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "North Korea is also a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, G77 and t... | North Korea is considered a nonreligious region. | 0 | 0 | North Korea |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has a luminosity over 10,000 times the luminosity of the Sun, is eight times as massive, and has expanded to 71 times the Sun's radius."
}
] | uAksEgjlM0AZ3eyZ6aV7 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Spectrum",
"text": "Balmer line profiles and oxygen line strengths indicate the size and luminosity of Canopus."
},
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "No star closer than Canopus is more luminous than it, and it has been the brightest star in Earth's night sky durin... | Canopus is sized similarly to the Earth's Sun. | 1 | 4 | Canopus |
Geography | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "History | Rationale",
"text": "At his death in 1799, he left a critical legacy: Washington was the unchallenged public icon of American military and civic patriotism."
}
] | uAuH7xXSdbVvsUrr8z6d | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | Dedication",
"text": "President Arthur proclaimed: I do now .... in behalf of the people, receive this monument .... and declare it dedicated from this time forth to the immortal name and memory of George Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "Components | Memorial stone... | The Washington Monument is a monument that was named after the iconic George Washington. | 3 | 9 | Washington Monument |
Sports | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Wilber \"Bullet\" Rogan, also known as \"Bullet Joe\" (July 28, 1893 – March 4, 1967), was an American pitcher and outfielder for the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro baseball leagues from 1920 to 1938."
}
] | uAvD0ubCFylBhnEBglrd | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rogan's early baseball career took place in the U.S. Army, where he played for a famous team in the all-black 25th Infantry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Wilber \"Bullet\" Rogan, also known as \"Bullet Joe\" (July 28, 1893 – March 4,... | Bullet Rogan's first name was Charles and he only played for 1 baseball team. | 0 | 0 | Bullet Rogan |
Sports | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Brouthers was born in Sylvan Lake, New York, to Michael and Annie Brooder, Catholic immigrants from Ireland; upon arriving in New York, Michael Brooder had been recruited to Dutchess County to work in open pit iron mines in the town of Beekman."
}
] | uB3nBAbcGR8PJaOEpPD7 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dennis Joseph \"Dan\" Brouthers (; May 8, 1858 – August 2, 1932) was an American first baseman in Major League Baseball whose career spanned the period from 1879 to 1896, with a brief return in 1904."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"... | Dan Brouthers was English descant. | 0 | 2 | Dan Brouthers |
Popular Culture | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Producing | Break with Paramount",
"text": "On August 22, 2006, Paramount Pictures announced it was ending its 14-year relationship with Cruise."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Producing | Break with Paramount",
"text": "In the Wall Street Journal, chairman of Via... | uBChdM2eAS0MvPOH5YP5 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Scientology | Scientology's purported influence on Cruise",
"text": "Such restructuring was seen as a move to curtail publicity of his views on Scientology, as well as the controversy surrounding his relationship with Katie Holmes."
},
{
"section_header": "Career... | Tom Cruise had his producer cut ties with him after his not well received public behaviour. | 2 | 5 | Tom Cruise |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1977: Formation",
"text": "In February 1978, the band, desperate for money, was asked to do a commercial for Wrigley's Spearmint chewing gum (directed by Tony Scott) on the condition they dye their hair blond."
}
] | uBj1GBUA2AO1MDRxEamO | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 1977: Formation",
"text": "While still maintaining the main band and attempting to win over punk audiences, Police members continued to moonlight within the art rock scene."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1977: Formation",
"text": "Few punk bands were three-pieces... | The members of the rock band The Police ended up as blonds when cast in an advertisement. | 0 | 0 | The Police |
Sports | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harmon Clayton Killebrew Jr. (; June 29, 1936 – May 17, 2011), nicknamed ’The Killer’ and ’Hammerin' Harmon’, was an American professional baseball first baseman, third baseman, and left fielder."
}
] | uD6Vr6185OlrOpslzc8q | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Legacy",
"text": "I'd call a tough strike on him and he would turn around and say approvingly, \"Good call.\" And he was the same way in the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Legacy",
"text": "He was one of the few ... | Harmon Killebrew was called "The Killer" because of his last name and the way he destroyed batters when he pitched from the mound. | 4 | 7 | Harmon Killebrew |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Child actor",
"text": "He made his first film appearance at age six in 1926, in the short Not to be Trusted."
}
] | uDYPZ85I1jEBFAa1IapW | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Mickey McGuire",
"text": "Rooney got the role and became \"Mickey\" for 78 of the films, running from 1927 to 1936, starting with Mickey's Circus (1927), his first starring role."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | World War II and later career",
"text": "What's My Li... | Mickey Rooney started his acting career at 6 years old. | 1 | 3 | Mickey Rooney |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: Formation, Hamburg, and UK popularity",
"text": "They briefly called themselves the Blackjacks, before changing their name to the Quarrymen after discovering that another local group were already using the name."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: ... | uDgDLVQo0wIpO6SQapFY | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "Harrison called Rubber Soul his \"favourite album\" and Starr referred to it as \"the departure record\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and development | Genres",
... | The Beatles were always called The Beatles. | 0 | 0 | The Beatles |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Textual history and structure",
"text": "The epic is traditionally ascribed to the sage Vyāsa, who is also a major character in the epic."
}
] | uDxSL8pv7Jj7DqDA3Qxu | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Jain version",
"text": "The main battle is not the Mahabharata, but the fight between Krishna and Jarasandha (who is killed by Krishna)."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions, translations, and derivative works | Regional versions",
"text": "Another notable difference is the inc... | Vyasa is a main chartacter in this epic. | 2 | 4 | Mahabharata |
Geography | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original 7 World Trade Center was 47 stories tall, clad in red granite masonry, and occupied a trapezoidal footprint."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The building is 52 stories tall (plus one underground floor), making it the 28th-tallest i... | uE91sMPR9ayElrrUff1m | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "7 World Trade Center (7 WTC) refers to two buildings that have existed at the same location within the World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan, New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "The buil... | The 7 World Trade Center refers to two seperate buildings at the same location, and the first building had more stories than the second. | 2 | 5 | 7 World Trade Center |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poem tells the Biblical tale of the rebellion of Absalom against King David; in this context it is an allegory used to represent a story contemporary to Dryden, concerning King Charles II and the Exclusion Crisis (1679-1681)."
}
] | uEJ8gf4jJNCRGr4HKXpc | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Biblical background",
"text": "The story of Absalom's rebellion against his father, King David, is told in the Old Testament of the Bible, in the Second Book of Samuel (chapters 14 to 18)."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Dryden's poem tells the story of the firs... | Absalom and Achitophel refers to a story in the bible. | 2 | 5 | Absalom and Achitophel |
Science | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Use by humans",
"text": "The arm regeneration potential of brittle stars is being studied in connection with understanding and treating neurodegenerative diseases in humans."
}
] | uFOZ2PQFRBryrEsKlVnS | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Mode of life | Feeding",
"text": "Basket stars are suspension feeders, raising their branched arms to collect zooplankton, while brittle stars use several methods of feeding, though usually one predominates."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction | Sexual reproduction",
"text... | Brittle stars can grew up new extremities to restore a lost one. | 2 | 4 | Echinodermata |
History | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Inauguration",
"text": "Buchanan was inaugurated on March 4, 1857, taking the oath of office from Chief Justice Roger B. Taney."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Just weeks after Lincoln was elected as Buchanan's successor, Southern states ... | uGFDNMD5tQgYSPGbUHUW | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "His many talents, which in a quieter era might have gained for him a place among the great presidents, were quickly overshadowed by the cataclysmic events of civil war and by the towering Abraham Lincoln."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary... | Buchanan presidency preceded that of Abraham Lincoln. 1865 civil war | 1 | 3 | James Buchanan |
Popular Culture | 3 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ray is a 2004 American biographical film focusing on 30 years in the life of rhythm and blues musician Ray Charles."
}
] | uGHKP3qJLNlYjUZ0Y1UR | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Ray debuted at the 2004 Toronto International Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ray is a 2004 American biographical film focusing on 30 years in the life of rhythm and blues musician Ray Charles."
},
{
"section_header": ... | The 2004 film Ray is about the ecology of manta rays. | 1 | 4 | Ray (film) |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "History | 2009–2011: The E.N.D, The Beginning and hiatus",
"text": "On July 30, 2009, Billboard announced that the Black Eyed Peas set a record for the longest successive No. 1 chart run by a duo or group in the Billboard Hot 100's history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
... | uGSsMxWN9DIroGKOCIBZ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "History | 2004–2008: Monkey Business",
"text": "In autumn 2005, the Black Eyed Peas set off to tour with Gwen Stefani, as supporting act."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2009–2011: The E.N.D, The Beginning and hiatus",
"text": "On July 30, 2009, Billboard announced that t... | The Black Eyed Peas "I Gotta Feeling" and "Where Is the Love?" were at number one setting records. | 0 | 0 | The Black Eyed Peas |
Science | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "History | Discovery by Röntgen",
"text": "On November 8, 1895, German physics professor Wilhelm Röntgen stumbled on X-rays while experimenting with Lenard tubes and Crookes tubes and began studying them."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Discovery by Röntgen",
"text": "The ... | uGxltUkcFYC03YMcL5S4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | Hazards discovered",
"text": "Many experimenters including Elihu Thomson at Edison's lab, William J. Morton, and Nikola Tesla also reported burns."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Pre-Röntgen observations and research",
"text": "In 1894 Nikola Tesla noticed damag... | A form of radiation X-rays was discovered by Nikola Tesla. | 0 | 0 | X-ray |
Technology | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of July 2020, Gates had an estimated net worth of US$111.8 billion, making him the second-wealthiest person in the world, behind Bezos."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In October 2017, Gates was surpassed by Amazon founder Jeff Bezos a... | uH2CqrfBOhcjApRUNunk | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "Time magazine named Gates one of the 100 people who most influenced the 20th century, as well as one of the 100 most influential people of 2004, 2005, and 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "In 1987, Gates was listed as a billionaire ... | Bill Gates is one of the two richest people in the world as of 2020. | 0 | 0 | Bill Gates |
Literature | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He has been blackmailing the queen."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Poe earned $12 for its first printing."
}
] | uHHO2K6abhnKiA4Wp9A9 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Purloined Letter\" is a short story by American author Edgar Allan Poe."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He has been blackmailing the queen."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Poe earned $12 for its fi... | The Purloined Letter is a story about blackmailing the queen that first earned the author twelve dollars. | 1 | 4 | The Purloined Letter |
History | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Counteroffensive, was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II, and took place from 16 December 1944 to 25 January 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text":... | uHpwyYTN58RNdG0BXMvY | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Casualties",
"text": "The Battle of the Bulge was the bloodiest battle for U.S. forces in World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle credit",
"text": "After the war ended, the U.S. Army issued battle credit in the form of the Ardennes-Alsace campaign citation to units and... | Battle of the Bulge was a conflict in Europe at the end of World War ll. | 2 | 5 | Battle of the Bulge |
Geography | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Ambiguity in name",
"text": "More than half of the original Erie Canal was destroyed or abandoned at the time of construction of the New York State Barge Canal in the early 20th century."
}
] | uHsXqduhQJynQ2TeEdpO | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "The entire canal was officially completed on October 26, 1825."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "An Erie Canal Cruise company, based in Herkimer, operates from mid-May until mid-October with daily cruises."
},
{
"section_heade... | The Erie canal has been in use since it's opening in October 1825. | 4 | 5 | Erie Canal |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1957, the film was nominated for seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects (John P. Fulton, A.S.C.)."
}
] | uIGEao1jwnSKAw9HbkeZ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Television broadcast",
"text": "Since 2006 the network has typically aired The Ten Commandments on the Saturday night prior to Easter, with the broadcast starting at 7 p.m. in the Eastern and Pacific Time Zones and 6 p.m. Central/Mountain/Alaska/Hawaii. (An exception was in 2020 when th... | The Ten Commandments is a movie that went 1 for 7 at the Oscars. | 0 | 0 | The Ten Commandments (1956 film) |
Literature | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Miller wrote the play as an allegory for McCarthyism, when the United States government persecuted people accused of being communists."
}
] | uJ2SS1Ivo9qRK3up1vOO | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Characters (in order of appearance)",
"text": "Using her status as Parris's niece to her advantage, she accuses countless citizens of witchcraft, becoming one of the most powerful people in Salem."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Language of the period",
"text"... | The Crucible was written based on people who had been accused of supporting communism in the U.S. | 2 | 4 | The Crucible |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Sexual",
"text": "Though the sexuality of Vladimir and Estragon is not always considered by critics, some see the two vagabonds as an ageing homosexual couple, who are worn out, with broken spirits, impotent and not engaging sexually any longer."
}
] | uJ3Smnc9hoWN1DeGuNt4 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "Waiting for what? Waiting for what? Godot? Perhaps."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Autobiographical",
"text": "during the day and walked by night [... or] of the relationship of Beckett to Joyce."
},
{
"section_header": "Rela... | Waiting for Godot displays heterosexual relationships only. | 0 | 0 | Waiting for Godot |
Popular Culture | 5 | [
{
"section_header": "Release | Accolades",
"text": "The British Film Institute published a book about the film in 2000 as part of a Modern Classics series."
}
] | uJSFydTNBOP2B1oFh0Rw | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thelma & Louise is a 1991 American female buddy road film directed by Ridley Scott and written by Callie Khouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "The idea for Thelma & Louise originated in the spring of 1988 when Callie Khouri, ... | A written work was released about Thelma & Louise. | 4 | 7 | Thelma & Louise |
Music | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 1990s",
"text": "In 1999, to coincide with the re-release of the 1968 film Yellow Submarine, an expanded soundtrack album, Yellow Submarine Songtrack, was issued."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected filmography",
"text": "Fictionali... | uJcgMcE6qkfRmQRSOAYq | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "In July, the Beatles' second film, Help!, was released, again directed by Lester."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 2010s",
"text": "An... | The Beatles film featuring a banana-coated submersible was released in 1967. | 2 | 8 | The Beatles |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Edict of Nantes (French: édit de Nantes), signed in April 1598 by King Henry IV of France, granted the Calvinist Protestants of France (also known as Huguenots) substantial rights in the nation, which was still considered essentially Catholic at the time."
}
] | uKOnk8zu89HMydckuIOl | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Revocation",
"text": "This act, commonly called the 'revocation of the Edict of Nantes,' had very damaging results for France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It marked the end of the religious wars that had afflicted France during the second half of the 16th cen... | The Edict of Nantes was created to stop the religious conflicts in France. | 0 | 0 | Edict of Nantes |
Geography | 8 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Erie Canal is a canal in New York, United States that is part of the east–west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System (formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal)."
}
] | uKVyxFBCM4PwmS56tdWD | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "A plaque honoring the canal's construction is located in Battery Park in southern Manhattan."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "Locks were widened and/or rebuilt in new locations, and many new navigable aqueducts were construc... | It is located in San Fransisco, California. | 1 | 9 | Erie Canal |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The later Edict of Fontainebleau, which revoked the Edict of Nantes in October 1685, was promulgated by Louis XIV, the grandson of Henry IV."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Edict of Nantes (French: édit de Nantes), signed in April 1598 by K... | uKmQEsvtwNQp2yCntGaI | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Revocation",
"text": "The revocation of the Edict of Nantes also further damaged the perception of Louis XIV abroad, making the Protestant nations bordering France even more hostile to his regime."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It marked the end of the religious... | The Edict of Nantes lasted just a little more than a century. | 0 | 0 | Edict of Nantes |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, and Brooklyn Dodgers from 1921 until 1938."
}
] | uKuYGOX2F3AqAr1BFRpG | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago Cubs and later career",
"text": "Cuyler suffered another injury, this time during an exhibition game on March 29, 1933."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Known around the league as a polite, shy and kind player, Hall of Famer Joe Cron... | Cuyler was bounced around between 8 teams during his career. | 1 | 4 | Kiki Cuyler |
Popular Culture | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Science consultants",
"text": "so there's actual progress to the boards ... We worked hard to get all the science right.\" David Saltzberg, who has a Ph.D. in physics, has served as the science consultant for the show for six seasons and attends every taping."
},
{
... | uL6z5h8rhcxetsfx05FK | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes and elements | Vanity cards",
"text": "Like most shows created by Chuck Lorre, The Big Bang Theory ends by showing for one second a vanity card written by Lorre after the credits, followed by the Warner Bros. Television closing logo."
},
{
"section_header": "Pro... | In The Big Bang Theory, the stuff written by Sheldon on whiteboards was correct. | 0 | 0 | The Big Bang Theory |
Popular Culture | 2 | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "It's Always Fair Weather. Consequently, the movie was shot on celluloid film (not digitally) with Panavision equipment in CinemaScope's 2.55:1 aspect ratio, but not in true CinemaScope as that technology is no longer available."
}
] | uLLIcJqhmpvMIlDQVa53 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "He also wanted the film to emulate the widescreen"
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "La La Land had its world premiere as the Venice Film Festival's opening night film on August 31, 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | A... | The film, La La Land, was not filmed on physical film, as the director had wanted, but with a digital DSLR camera and edited to look like an old Hollywood film. | 0 | 2 | La La Land |
NOCAT | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Positions on morality and politics | Homosexuality | Same-sex marriage",
"text": "Although he didn't mention the topic, his words were interpreted by news media as denunciations of same-sex marriage, with some sources adding that Benedict would have called it a threat to world peace sim... | uM8frO4caJxsc19TjWYd | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Positions on morality and politics | Homosexuality | Same-sex marriage",
"text": "He stated that \"sex is no longer a given element of nature, that man has to accept and personally make sense of: it is a social role that we choose for ourselves\", and \"The words of the creation account... | This was the first pope to make remarks about same sex unions being okay in the eyes of God. | 0 | 0 | Pope Benedict XVI |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Writing style and themes | Eating and devouring",
"text": "After the riddle \"Why is a raven like a writing-desk?\", the Hatter claims that Alice might as well say, \"I see what I eat…I eat what I see\" and so the riddle's solution, put forward by Boe Birns, could be that \"A raven eats... | uMR3d2iMTsvAfT0xKlcZ | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Poems and songs",
"text": "The main characters in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland are the following: Carroll wrote multiple poems and songs for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, including: \"All in the golden afternoon... \"—the prefatory verse to the book, an original poem by Carroll... | Alice's Adventures in Wonderland depicts the idea of predator and prey throughout the book. | 0 | 0 | Alice's Adventures in Wonderland |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Opposed to democracy, communism, socialism, anarchism and liberalism, Salazar's rule was conservative and nationalist in nature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "António de Oliveira Salazar (; Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈtɔniu dɨ oliˈvɐjɾɐ sɐlɐˈzaɾ]; 28 Apr... | uN2WxCbT2s152EsWfBB2 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Politics and Estado Novo | Early path",
"text": "The government tried to obtain loans from Baring Brothers under the auspices of the League of Nations, but the conditions were considered unacceptable."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and Estado Novo | Religious policies",
"... | Antonio Salazar considered his government of Portugal to be a kind of right-leaning nationalism. | 0 | 0 | Antonio de Oliveira Salazar |
Popular Culture | 1 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Time magazine named Blanchett one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2007 and in 2018, she was ranked among the highest-paid actresses in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has received numerous accolades, including ... | uNAZFMRQDoiZSsFHNef0 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2011",
"text": "\" Blanchett won the Sydney Theatre Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2011",
"text": "Blanchett was nominated for the London Evening Standard Award for Best Actress, and won the Sydney Theatre Award... | Cate Blanchett is an actress who is considered influential and has won a few awards. | 1 | 1 | Cate Blanchett |
Music | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A two-time Grammy Award–winner known for his distinctive bass-baritone voice and romantic image, his greatest success came in the 1970s as a solo singer and with The Love Unlimited Orchestra, crafting many enduring soul, funk, and disco songs such as his two biggest h... | uNy4R1lvTPlqHYVcAnDZ | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1980s",
"text": "Although his success on the pop charts slowed down as the disco era came to an end, he maintained a loyal following throughout his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1980s",
"text": "Despite several albums over the next three year... | White had most his success in the 1980s. | 0 | 0 | Barry White |
Sports | 7 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hubbell's primary pitch was the screwball."
}
] | uONIfa8wnz3LByXF0Roe | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carl Owen Hubbell (June 22, 1903 – November 21, 1988), nicknamed \"The Meal Ticket\" and \"King Carl\", was an American Major League Baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had two children: Carl Jr. (b. 1936) and James."
... | Carl Hubbell main pitch was changeball. | 2 | 7 | Carl Hubbell |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pope boasted that this sold more than three thousand copies in its first four days."
}
] | uOyXZw14cAV41iqKUVU0 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the most commonly cited examples of high burlesque, it was first published anonymously in Lintot's Miscellaneous Poems and ... | The Rape of the Lock is a poem about high burlesque and that sold only 2000 books. | 0 | 0 | The Rape of the Lock |
Literature | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Literary elements | Gothic elements",
"text": "The Castle of Otranto is the first supernatural English novel and one of the most influential works of Gothic fiction."
}
] | uP7gKc7daMbikyk57Fbt | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "From the Original Italian of Onuphrio Muralto, Canon of the Church of St. Nicholas at Otranto."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Castle of Otranto was written in 1764 during Horace Walpole's tenure as MP for King's Lynn."
},
{
"sectio... | The book The Castle of Otranto was originally written in Italian. | 0 | 0 | The Castle of Otranto |
History | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid order of Sufism, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Iranian Azerbaijan region."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was an Iranian dynasty of Kurdish origin, but during their rule... | uPQjiAd2rDHTQgcTjy29 | REFUTES | [
{
"section_header": "Genealogy—ancestors of the Safavids and its multi-cultural identity",
"text": "In addition, from the official establishment of the dynasty in 1501, the dynasty would continue to have many intermarriages with both Circassian as well as again"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
... | The Safavid Dynasty was predominant in the Arabic countries. | 3 | 6 | Safavid dynasty |
Popular Culture | 6 | [
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Indian films Kabzaa (1988) and Ghulam (1998) are inspired by On the Waterfront."
}
] | uPnSlf2XsSHeg4eyyFhY | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Production | Real-life basis for characters",
"text": "The character of Johnny Friendly was partially based on International Longshoremen's Association East River dock boss Michael Clemente."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay and political context",
"text": "he... | A few international movies are based from "On the Waterfront". | 3 | 7 | On the Waterfront |
Sports | 4 | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The University of Kansas constructed an $18 million building named the Debruce Center, which houses the rules and opened in March 2016.In July 2019, Naismith was inducted into the Canada Walk of Fame."
}
] | uQO35xya51LEuZjcC8OU | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The University of Kansas constructed an $18 million building named the Debruce Center, which houses the rules and opened in March 2016.In July 2019, Naismith was inducted into the Canada Walk of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Naismith was ... | In July 2019, he was inducted into the Canada Walk of Fame. | 2 | 4 | James Naismith |
History | 0 | [
{
"section_header": "Assassination",
"text": "Salma Sultan provided the first news of her assassination on Doordarshan's evening news on 31 October 1984, more than 10 hours after she was shot."
}
] | uR3oYkmVdYL8UNeqhWr1 | SUPPORTS | [
{
"section_header": "Assassination",
"text": "After her death, the Parade Ground was converted to the Indira Gandhi Park which was inaugurated by her son, Rajiv Gandhi."
},
{
"section_header": "Assassination",
"text": "Salma Sultan provided the first news of her assassination on Doordarshan's ev... | Indira Gandhi was assassinated. | 0 | 0 | Indira Gandhi |
Subsets and Splits
Texts Containing Winter
Filters dataset entries containing the word "winter" which provides basic keyword search capability but offers limited analytical value beyond simple text matching.