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[{"docid": 54828, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='12' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>2. Metals are good conductor in solid as well as in liquid state.</td><td>It is the property of ionic compound.</td></tr><tr><td>3. Metallic conductance decreases with increase in temperature.</td><td>Electrolytic conductance increases with increase in temperature.</td></tr><tr><td>4. This is a Physical Process; NO CHEMICAL change takes place.</td><td>This is a Chemical Process.</td></tr><tr><td>Ex. Cu, Ag, Au etc.</td><td>Ex. NaCl(aqueous)</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='13' style='font-size:14px'>Classification of electrolyte:</h1>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Electrolysis classify into two categories on the basis of conductivity and ability<br>to dissociate into ions.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Strong Electrolytes: The electrolytes which are completely dissociates in<br>aqueous solution. Degree of dissociation is 100%.<br>Ex. NaCl, KCl etc.<br>2. Weak Electrolytes: The electrolytes which are partially dissociates in<br>aqueous solution. Degree of dissociation is about 5%.<br>Ex. Organic acids.</p>\n<h1 id='16' style='font-size:14px'>Difference between Strong Electrolytes and Weak Electrolytes:</h1>\n<table id='17' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Strong Electrolytes</td><td>Weak Electrolytes</td></tr><tr><td>1. Electrolytes which allow large amount of electricity to flow through them.</td><td>Electrolytes which pass very small amount of electricity through them.</td></tr><tr><td>2. These are completely dissociated in aqueous and molten solution.</td><td>Electrolytes which are partially dissociates in aqueous solution.</td></tr><tr><td>3. These are good conductor of electricity.</td><td>These are poor conductors of electricity.</td></tr><tr><td>Ex. HCl, NaCl, NaOH, KOH etc.</td><td>Ex. CH3COOH, NH4OH, HgCl2 etc.</td></tr></table>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Cell: A cell is a device which convert chemical energy into electrical energy<br>and vice-versa.<br>Constriction of cell: It is device in which electrodes are dipped in salt solution<br>of suitable electrolyte.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2708000, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='143' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>TIPS:</p>\n<p id='144' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0b7 You are NOT permitted to put double arrows in equations - always use ONE<br>arrow.<br>\uf0b7 Reducing agent found on the left of arrow in OXIDATION half reaction<br>\uf0b7 The oxidising agent is ALWAYS on the left of the REDUCTION half reaction.<br>\uf0b7 There will be NO REACTION involving Na+ but H2O in electrolytic cells<br>\uf0b7 Know the properties of ANODE then know those of CATHODE as the<br>opposite of anode<br>\uf0b7 Reverse the OXIDATION half reaction when taking it from the table<br>\uf0b7 Oxidising agents are bbon the FAR LEFT on TABLE of REDUCTION<br>POTENTIALS<br>\uf0b7 Reducing agents immediately on the right of arrow when reading from left to<br>right<br>\uf0b7 Smaller EO value for ANODE<br>\uf0b7 Write the formula as it is given DATA SHEET e.g. Eo cell = Eo cathode - Eo anode<br>(No abbreviations are acceptable, e.g. E = Eo cat - Eo an - NO marks for this.)<br>To get marks for the formula, you must substitute values, even if they are<br>INCORRECT.<br>\uf0b7 In Chemistry, there is no MECHANICAL energy - only CHEMICAL energy</p>\n<br><figure><img id='145' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1145,267); bottom-right:(1237,540)\" /></figure>\n<p id='146' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>QuESTION 1</p>\n<h1 id='147' style='font-size:18px'>Consider the electrolytic cells a and B given below.</h1>\n<br><h1 id='148' style='font-size:18px'>X, Y, W and Z are carbon electrodes.</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='149' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"w z\nX Y\nX\nY\nNaCl(aq) CuCl2(aq)\ncELL a cELL B\" data-coord=\"top-left:(282,1055); bottom-right:(1103,1347)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='150' style='font-size:18px'>1.1 Write down the:</h1>\n<p id='151' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>a . energy conversion in these cells</p>\n<p id='152' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>b. the reason why a DC power source is used in place of an AC power source</p>\n<footer id='153' style='font-size:14px'>127</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 29001, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Journal of Physical Chemistry C</p>\n<p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Fortunately, the level of RCT variation in our experiments is<br>from 2.98 to 4.66 ohm-cm2, meaning that the voltage drop<br>caused by the charge transfer overpotential is a mere 10\u221250<br>mV even at short-circuit conditions. Hence, the RCT variation in<br>this study has a minor e\ufb00ect on cell performance.</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In\ufb02uence of Iodine Content on Fill Factor, FF. Fill<br>factor (FF) indicates the de\ufb02ection of the device from<br>\u201cresistance-free\u201d ideal solar cells and can be taken as the<br>overall resistance in the device or a combination of R0, ZTiO2,<br>RCT, and ZD. When the DSSC is under an illumination of 100<br>and 50 mW/cm2, the FF decreases gradually with reducing<br>iodine content resulting from less e\ufb00ective ion di\ufb00usion (or the<br>increase in ion di\ufb00usion resistance). However, at further<br>reduced illumination intensity, the FF remains unchanged with<br>di\ufb00erent iodine content, which suggests either that the negative<br>ion di\ufb00usion resistance is balanced by the positive electron<br>recombination resistance or the iodine concentration studied in<br>the present work is su\ufb03ciently high to provide needed charge<br>transport through the electrolyte. In other words, the number<br>of charges generated by incident photons is so small that the<br>lowest iodine content would be su\ufb03cient for charge transport<br>through the electrolyte.</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In\ufb02uences of Iodine Content on the Power Con-<br>version E\ufb03ciency, PCE. Taking all of the above-mentioned<br>factors into account, the PCE at 100 mW/cm2 for EL1, EL2,<br>and EL3 are 8.31%, 8.02%, and 7.28%, respectively. As<br>discussed above, the gradual decrease is mainly dominated by<br>electrolyte di\ufb00usion. On the other hand, the PCE at 50 mW/<br>cm2 is 9.79% (EL1), 10.08% (EL2), and 10.16% (EL3), which<br>is better than that at 100 mW/cm2; this improvement<br>originates from two positive e\ufb00ects of the cell including less<br>electron recombination and less di\ufb00usion overpotential under<br>50 mW/cm2 than 100 mW/cm2; the former factor improves<br>VOC, while the latter improves FF. Moreover, at 0.5 sun<br>condition, the color e\ufb00ect becomes important as the amount of<br>incident light is valuably limited. Under this situation, less [I3 \u2212]<br>is bene\ufb01cial to the photoexcitation reaction since a lower<br>fraction of incident light is adsorbed when [I3 \u2212] is low. In other<br>words, at low light intensity it is more e\ufb00ective to use an<br>electrolyte system with higher transparency than fast ion<br>di\ufb00usion. Therefore, at 5 mW/cm2, the best performance takes<br>place in the EL3 system, which is over 12%.</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To clearly present the e\ufb03ciency di\ufb00erence under various<br>light illumination intensities, the relative e\ufb03ciency of these<br>three electrolyte systems is illustrated in Figure 9. Compared</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='99' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(141,1192); bottom-right:(605,1524)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='100' style='font-size:18px'>Figure 9. Relative e\ufb03ciency of EL1\u2212EL3 under various light<br>intensities.</caption>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Article</p>\n<p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>with the EL1 system, due to the contest of electrolyte di\ufb00usion,<br>electron recombination, charge transfer on the cathode, and<br>natural color of electrolyte, the EL3 system can improve nearly<br>14% by e\ufb03ciency at 5 mW/cm2, 11% at 10 mW/cm2, and 4% at<br>50 mW/cm2 but deteriorate by 13% at 100 mW/cm2. This<br>strikingly PCE improvement from 10.58% in EL1 to 12.03% in<br>EL3 under 5mW/cm2 tells us by simply optimizing the [I3 \u2212]<br>content in the electrolyte it is possible to optimize PCE under<br>various illuminating environment.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 848604, "type": "text", "content": "Journal of Power Technologies 91 (1) (2011) 1\u20135\n\n\n\u2022 Chemical processes (e.g. reforming reactions)\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Flow (working \ufb02uid \ufb02ow across fuel cell chan- \nnel)\n\n\n\u2022 Compositions (e.g. mixing two \ufb02ows)\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Di\ufb00usion (e.g. reaction subtracts and products \nmixing)\n\n\n\u2022 Thermal processes (e.g. heat generation, heat \nlosses)\n\n\n \n\nElectrical processes are mainly associated with all \nelectric equipment of SOFCs, including current col- \nlector meshes, wires, and DC/AC converters. The \ntime needed to achieve steady-state conditions is a \nmatter of micro seconds. Usually, those processes \noccur independently (e.g. of temperature).\n\n\n \n\nElectrochemical processes are preceded on both \nfuel cell sides, at the cathode side two electrons are \ncaptured by an oxygen atom to form an oxygen ion \n(O2\u2212). At the anode side, the reverse process oc- \ncurs with the oxygen releasing two electrons to an \nexternal circuit and then reacting with the fuel (e.g. \nhydrogen). All those processes occur on the triple \nphase boundary (TPB) where gaseous \ufb02uid must si- \nmultaneously meet electrons and the solid part of the \nelectrolyte. Thus, time constants are determined by \nthe active area of the fuel cell, electrode thicknesses \nand porosities, among others. Usually, at elevated \ntemperatures the electrochemical processes are rela- \ntively rapid, with time constants ranging from 0.08 \nto 0.18 s.\n\n\n \n\nChemical processes involve reactions which oc- \ncur during fuel cell operation. Those processes are \nstrictly dependent on temperature and the catalyst \nused. Kinetic theory should be applied to estimate \nthe time constants. If no catalyst is used nor acti- \nvation energy delivered, the time constant of vari- \nous reactions vary over a wide range. For instance, \nat 800\u00b0C, hydrogen reacts with oxygen in 0.04 s, \nwhereas methane reacting with oxygen must have \nabout 2.5 thousands years to achieve chemical equi- \nlibrium.\n\n\n \n\nFluid velocities across the fuel cell channel are rel- \natively slow. At the laboratory scale, both fuel and \noxygen \ufb02ow velocities are in the range of 0.5\u20133 m/s. \nThis means that, assuming fuel cell channel length\n\n\nFigure 1: Time response of singular solid oxide fuel cell \nmounted between two manifolds. Red dots indicate adequate \ntime constants for voltage and temperature\n\n\nof 4 cm, the working \ufb02uid is present in the fuel cell \nfor an estimated 1 s. A large fuel cell area together \nwith low \ufb02uid velocities result in high accumulation \nvolumes.\n\n\n \n\nDi\ufb00usion is heavily dependent on temperature and \nthe di\ufb00usion coe\ufb03cient value. In the case of ma- \nterial porosity, other aspects play an important role \n(pore diameter) and di\ufb00usion models other than Fick \nor Stefan-Maxwell must be taken into consideration \n(Knudsen di\ufb00usion). At elevated temperatures (e.g. \n800\u00b0C) di\ufb00usion processes are very rapid (below 1 \ns for H2/H2O) and the related time constant is also \nvery short.\n\n\n \n\nThermal processes are correlated with several di- \nverse aspects. The \ufb01rst is the heat generated dur- \ning fuel cell operation as a function of internal resis- \ntances of the electrolyte. Heat is generated propor- \ntionally to the electric current drawn. The reactions \ntaking place inside the fuel cell channel can be en- \ndothermic or exothermic. This means that heat can \nbe either generated or consumed. Additionally, there \nare two cell cooling possibilities; the \ufb01rst is by an air \n\ufb02ow delivered to the cathode channel and the second \nis by heat losses to the surroundings by radiation or \nconvection. Time constants of temperature response \nare then dependent on both architecture and material \naspects. The singular plate of the SOFC represents \nless than 20% of total fuel cell stack, while the main \nthermal capacity is provided by the manifolds, col- \nlector and housing. The time constants related to the \nsolid parts are very long (more than 100 s); addition- \nally, temperature determines other parameters, e.g.\n\n\n \n\u2014 3 \u2014\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 406872, "type": "text", "content": "Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 16 (2021) Article ID: 21038\n\n\n \n8\n\n\nI-V curve is displayed in Fig. 4a). The voltage dropped from 0.756 V to 0.694\nV at 600 mA/cm2 \nafter 100 cycles. The voltage drop rate reached 1240 \u03bcV/h. The peak power\ndropped from 1.17 W/cm2 \nto 0.65 W/cm2. Maximum power decline reached 44.4% after 100 cycles.\n\n\nT able 3. Fitted data EIS using ECM in Figure 3b).\n\n\nC ompared with other Accelerated Stress Tests, the performance decline was\nstill very rapid \n[24,25]. Although the current change rate of PEMFC wasn\u2019t large under the DP\nstrategy (maximum \nchange rate 47 mA/cm2/s), the fuel cell ran at high potentials for a\nrelatively long time. At high potential, \nfewer reactants were consumed. Driving by the concentration gradient, the\nreaction gas might penetrate \nthe proton exchange membrane, generate free radicals, which caused damage to\nthe Proton Exchange \nMembrane (PEM) and the Catalytic Layer (CL). Proton transportability of the\nproton exchange \nmembrane declined, the three-phase interfaces at CL decreased, resulting in\nfast performance \ndeterioration of the PEMFC. Besides, the current fluctuated around 15 A when\nproviding power. The \nchange of current could also lead to a quick decline of PEMFC.\n\n\n \n\nThe single cell\u2019s EIS results are shown in Fig. 4b). Fitted data are listed in\nTable 3. It could be \nseen that as the number of cycles increased, the intersection of the impedance\nspectrum and the real axis \ngradually shifted to the right, and the arcs of the curve gradually got\nlarger. Therefore, the internal \nstructure of the fuel cell had been gradually destroyed during the operation.\n\n\n \n\nThe high frequency resistance (HFR) of the fuel cell gradually increased. HFR\nwas related to the \nproton transport ability of the proton exchange membrane. The membrane's\nproton transport ability \ndeclined when HFR increased, indicating that the PEM membrane was corroded\nunder this working \ncondition. The low frequency points represented the process with a large time\nconstant. Therefore, the \nlow-frequency arc represented the mass transfer capacity of the fuel cell,\nincluding the resistance of the \nreactant gas to the reaction site and the flooding phenomenon due to the\ndischarge of water [26]. Larger \nmass transfer arcs indicated that the reactants/products transport channels of\nPEMFC were corroded. \nMaterials that helped improve mass transfer, such as the hydrophobic material\nPolytetrafluoroethylene \n(PTFE) on GDL, were corrupted. The loss of this component might cause the\ndrainage capacity to \ndecrease. The high-frequency arc represented the charge transfer process of\nPEMFC, which was \nassociated with the electrons transfer at the electrode/electrolyte interface\nduring half-reaction processes. \nIt depended on the chemical reaction kinetics, electrode surface, and\nelectrode potential. Charge transfer \nresistance Rct gradually increased, indicating that the fuel cell CL also\nsuffered severe corrosion. The \nthree-phase interfaces decreased, therefore the charge transfer ability\nreduced during the experiments.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 54829, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='19' style='font-size:14px'>Types of Cell:</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Electrochemical Cell: It is a device by which we convert Chemical<br>energy to Electrical energy.<br>2. Electrolytic Cell: It is a device by which we convert Electrical energy to<br>Chemical energy.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>It is also used for production of active metals from their salt solution.<br>In cell there is two types of electrodes, i.e. Anode and Cathode.<br>At Anode oxidation takes place.<br>At Cathode reduction takes place.</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Oxidation: Removal of electrons from an atom is referred as oxidation.</p>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:14px'>Na---------\uf0e0 Na+ + e-</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Reduction: Gaining of electrons by an atom is referred as reduction.</p>\n<br><h1 id='25' style='font-size:14px'>Cl + e- ----------\uf0e0Cl-</h1>\n<h1 id='26' style='font-size:14px'>Mechanism and Characteristics of Electrolysis:</h1>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>When electric current is passed an aqueous solution, ions of electrolytes start<br>migrating towards respective electrode.<br>Cation takes electron from Cathode and undergo the process of Reduction<br>Anion transfer electron to anode and undergo the process of Oxidation.</p>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:14px'>1. Electrolysis of molten sodium Chloride:</h1>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2NaCl-----electrolysis------\uf0e0 2Na(s) + Cl2(g)</p>\n<br><h1 id='30' style='font-size:14px'>Mechanism:</h1>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>At cathode: Na+ + e- -------\uf0e0 Na(s) (cation moves towards cathode)<br>At anode: Cl- ------------\uf0e0 Cl2(g) + e- ( anion moves towards anode)</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2. Electrolysis of molten lead bromide:</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PbBr2-----electolysis---\uf0e0 Pb(s) + Br2(g)</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Mechanism:</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>At cathode: Pb+2 + 2e- -------\uf0e0 Pb(s) (cation moves towards cathode)<br>At anode : 2Br- --------------\uf0e0 Br2(g) ( anion moves towards cathode)</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1488853, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='50' style='font-size:14px'>Page 7 of 21</header>\n<br><header id='51' style='font-size:14px'>Energy & Environmental Science</header>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>significant effect on the kinetic overpotential. Moreover, the additional kinetic overpotential loss<br>due to the increased bubble coverage at the electrode surface does not affect other solution<br>transport losses in the calculation.</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In the simulation of membrane-based cells, the anion-exchange membrane (AEM) was<br>modeled as having diffusion coefficients of anions and cations that were 10-1 and 10-2 lower,<br>respectively, than the corresponding values in the bulk solution. For the cation-exchange<br>membrane (CEM), the diffusion coefficients of anions and cations were modelled as 10-2 and<br>10-1 lower, respectively, than their corresponding values in the bulk solution. A fixed<br>background charged was assumed in the ion-exchange membranes.</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2.3 Governing relations for polarization losses</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The total voltage requirement ( cell\u03c6\u2206 ) for an electrochemical cell is the sum of the<br>equilibrium potential ( )0E , kinetic overpotentials ( )\u03b7 , solution potential drop losses ( \u03c6\u2206 ) ,<br>solution<br>and the Nernstian potential drop losses associated with pH gradients at the surface of the<br>electrodes :</p>\n<p id='56' data-category='equation'>$$\\Delta\\phi_{\\mathrm{cel}}=E_{0}+\\eta_{\\mathrm{oER}}-\\eta_{\\mathrm{HER}}+\\Delta\\phi_{\\mathrm{soluion}}+\\Delta\\phi_{\\mathrm{pH\\gradien}}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='57' style='font-size:18px'>(1)</caption>\n<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The solution losses,( \u03c6\u2206 ) , are the sum of the ohmic resistive loss (first term) and the<br>solution<br>electrodialysis loss (second term). These losses can be expressed as:</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='equation'>$$\\Delta\\phi_{\\mathrm{souuion}}=\\int_{\\overline{{{K}}}}d x+\\sum_{i}\\int\\frac{F z_{i}D_{i}\\nabla c_{i}}{\\cal K}d x$$</p>\n<br><caption id='60' style='font-size:18px'>(2)</caption>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>where \u03c6 is the electric potential, \u03ba is the conductivity of the electrolyte, J is the current<br>density, x is distance along the axis of the 1-D model, F is Faraday\u2019s constant, z is the charge<br>number, iD is the diffusion coefficient and ic is the molar concentration of the thi species, R is<br>the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature. The distribution of the ionic conductivity,</p>\n<br><footer id='62' style='font-size:22px'>Energy&EnvironmentalScienceAcceptedManuscript</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 54827, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Class \u2013 X<br>Subject \u2013 Chemistry<br>Chapter -- 6</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:18px'>Electrolysis</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Electrolysis is introduced by Michael Faraday in 19th century.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Electro- by electricity<br>Lysis - to separate</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>It is very useful commercially for separation of elements from their naturally<br>occurring ores using electricity.</p>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:14px'>Some Important Terms:</h1>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Conductors: The substance which allow the electric current pass through<br>them are called conductors.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2. Non-Conductors: The substance which does not allow the passage of<br>electricity through them, are called NON CONDUCTORES.<br>Ex. Glasses, wood, non-metals.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>3. Electrolytes: These are binary compounds of metals & non-metals, which<br>are dissociation aqueous solution.<br>Ex. NaCl \uf0e0 Na+ + Cl-</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Electrolytes are good conductors in aqueous or in molten<br>state but NOT in solid state.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>4. Non-Electrolytes: Compounds do NOT conduct electric current at all<br>whether in solid state or in aqueous solution.<br>Ex. Kerosene, Glucose etc.<br>Types of electric conductance:</p>\n<br><table id='11' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Metallic Conductance</td><td>Electrolytic Conductance</td></tr><tr><td>1. Passage of current by movement of electrons in metallic lattice.</td><td>Passage of current by movement of IONS in molten or in aqueous solution.</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2708007, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='76' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(0,5); bottom-right:(96,235)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='77' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(250,0); bottom-right:(409,87)\" /></figure>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>QuESTION 7</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Consider the following reaction:</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Ce3+ (aq) + Ti(s) Ti3+ (aq) + Ce(s)</p>\n<figure><img id='81' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(0,313); bottom-right:(102,546)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Standard electrode potentials are given in the table below.</p>\n<table id='83' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Redox pair</td><td>Standard Electrode Potential</td></tr><tr><td>T i3+/Ti</td><td>- 1.63 V</td></tr><tr><td>C e3+/ Ce</td><td>- 2.48 V</td></tr></table>\n<p id='84' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>7.1 Determine by calculation if the reaction is spontaneous.</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>7.2 According to the data in the given table, which substance is the strongest</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>reducing agent?</p>\n<p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>SOLuTIONS</p>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>ELEcTROcHEmISTRy: GaLVaNIc aNd ELEcTROLyTIc cELLS</p>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>QuESTION 1</p>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1.1 a. Chemical energy to electrical energy.<br>b. To ensure the polarities of the anode and cathode do not change.</p>\n<p id='91' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1.2 Bubbles of chlorine gas at Z (Anode)<br>Brown coating on Y (Copper)<br>Intensity of blue colour decreases. (The concentration of Cu2+ decreases as Cu2+<br>reduced to Cu)</p>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1.3.1 x 1.3.2 z<br>1.4.1 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e 1.4.2 2 H2O(l) + 2e H2O + OH-<br>1.5.1 Cl 1.5.2 Cl-<br>1.6.1 H2O 1.6.2 Cu2+<br>1.7.1 Chlorine 1.7.2 hydrogen</p>\n<p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>134</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 406879, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 16 (2021) Article ID: 21038, doi: 10.20964/2021.03.21</p>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:16px'>International Journal of<br>ELECTROCHEMICAL<br>SCIENCE</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>www.electrochemsci.org</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>D egradation Differences of a Single Proton Exchange<br>Membrane Fuel Cell: Energy Management Strategy and<br>Dynamic Programming</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L ihang Han, Rui Lin*, Di Zhong, Hang Yu, Shenghao Tang</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China<br>*E-mail: ruilin@tongji.edu.cn</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>R eceived: 14 October 2020 / Accepted: 23 December 2020 / Published: 31 January 2021</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is one of the limitations to its wide<br>application in vehicles and other equipment. In this paper, a running profile of PEMFC using dynamic<br>programming (DP) energy management strategy (EMS) is designed. The degradation of a single PEMFC<br>is studied by running a single PEMFC under the designed cycle. Voltage decline rate reaches 1240 \u03bcV/h<br>at 600 mA/cm2/s, faster than most Acceleration Stress Tests (AST). Performance decline difference in<br>different areas of a single PEMFC is investigated. Degradation differences in 6 regions are analyzed<br>using Localized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the gas inlet area<br>has higher and increasing high frequency resistance (HFR). Degradation of proton transport of proton<br>exchange membrane (PEM) is related to hydrogen concentration and water content in the membrane.<br>Gas inlet regions are less affected by mass transfer. This may due to less water being produced and<br>accumulated near the gas inlet. Deterioration of mass transfer is related to corrosion of reactants/products<br>micro channels that damage drainage capacity. Accumulated water blocks the transportation of reactants<br>and causes flooding phenomenon. Charge transfer resistance also increases, indicating that catalyst<br>layers also suffer during the durability experiments.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>K eywords: PEMFC; Durability; Localized EIS; DP; EMS</p>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:14px'>1 . INTRODUCTION</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is regarded as one of the most promising<br>electricity generation technology[1,2]. It doesn\u2019t generate pollutants during operation, and its efficiency<br>is not limited to the Carnot Cycle, which provides the upper-efficiency limit of the Internal Combustion<br>Engines (ICE). As people become more aware of the importance of energy conservation and<br>environmental protection[3], PEMFC is becoming a promising replacement of the traditional vehicle<br>engine.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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How does the process of converting chemical energy to electrical energy in an electrochemical cell change over time, and what factors contribute to its decrease in efficiency caused by reactant consumption?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 688, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 130660, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='42' style='font-size:22px'>Middle Middle</h1>\n<br><h1 id='43' style='font-size:18px'>Chicken Sandwich Sandwich<br>Breaded Chicken<br>Breaded</h1>\n<br><h1 id='44' style='font-size:14px'>Fried chicken breast, lettuce, & tomato. plain or buffalo $11</h1>\n<br><h1 id='45' style='font-size:18px'>BBQ Chicken BLT BLT<br>BBQ<br>Chicken</h1>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>BBQ sauce, cheddar cheese, bacon, lettuce and tomato $11<br>White Ale Battered Cod Cod<br>Battered<br>White<br>Ale</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fried cod with red onion, shredded lettuce, tomato and zesty tartar sauce $10<br>Cheesy Chicken Quesadilla $13<br>Chicken<br>Cheesy<br>Quesadilla</p>\n<br><h1 id='48' style='font-size:14px'>Cheese $11 | Add BLT + $2</h1>\n<h1 id='49' style='font-size:22px'>End End</h1>\n<br><h1 id='50' style='font-size:18px'>Cobbler Cobbler</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Ask your server for today\u2019s selection, served over Vanilla Bean Ice Cream $8<br>Brownie Sundae Sundae<br>Brownie</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Warm chocolate brownie vanilla ice cream, whipped cream & a cherry on top $7</p>\n<br><h1 id='53' style='font-size:18px'>Waffle Sunday Sunday<br>Belgium Waffle<br>Belgium</h1>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A warm Belgium waffle topped with vanilla ice cream, caramel<br>& whipped cream $8</p>\n<br><h1 id='55' style='font-size:18px'>Funnel Cake Fries Fries<br>Funnel<br>Cake</h1>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Funnel cake in French fry form served by the basket, covered with<br>powdered sugar $7</p>\n<br><h1 id='57' style='font-size:18px'>NY Style Cheesecake Cheesecake<br>Style<br>NY</h1>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Rich NY style cheesecake drizzled with chocolate and caramel sauce<br>Topped with whipped topping $8</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>*Consuming raw or uncooked, poultry, seafood, shellfish, or eggs may increase your risk of food-borne illness<br>*Please note that because of the way we and our suppliers handle products allergens MAY be present</p>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>15% gratuity added on all checks checks<br>added<br>15%<br>all<br>gratuity<br>on<br>18% gratuity added for parties of 8 or more more<br>parties<br>for<br>added<br>or<br>gratuity<br>18%<br>8<br>of</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2036358, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>NY Strip Steak 24<br>12oz steak grilled to your liking topped with<br>garlic butter</p>\n<br><p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Two 4oz encrusted seared tuna filets served with<br>a soy-honey glaze</p>\n<p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>small house salad<br>cole slaw<br>french fries<br>mac & cheeses<br>seaweed salad</p>\n<br><h1 id='131' style='font-size:22px'>sides</h1>\n<p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>small caesar salad<br>tater tots<br>steamed veggies<br>chunky applesauce</p>\n<p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>pizza</p>\n<br><p id='134' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10\u201d grilled gourmet pizza</p>\n<br><p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Cheese Pizza 12<br>Pepperoni Pizza 14</p>\n<p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fried Shrimp (4)<br>Chicken Tenders (3)<br>Mini Cheese Burgers (2)<br>Peanut Butter & Jelly<br>Hot Dog<br>Mac & Cheese Bites (5)<br>\u201cThe Jebster\u201d<br>(grilled cheese w/ bacon)</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10\u201d flatbread pizza topped with<br>only the freshest ingredients</p>\n<p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>kids eat for $7<br>served with french fries or<br>applesauce and a drink</p>\n<p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>this is how you can do it!</p>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A ROUND of for<br>the Kitchen Staff 8<br>(After their shift)<br>They work hard making your food,<br>so if you liked what you had and want<br>a way to say thanks to our kitchen staff,</p>\n<footer id='141' style='font-size:14px'>* any extra sauces +.25 split plate charge +2<br>No separate checks please, we will split checks evenly though.<br>Consuming raw or undercooked proteins by increase your risk of foodborne illness.</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 550038, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>STARTERS</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>15</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Beef Carpaccio</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Blue Rare, thinly sliced AAA beef tenderloin with<br>Dijon Vinaigrette, parmesan cheese, fried capers,<br>sea salt, cracked black pepper, and microgreens. Served with<br>crostini.</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>S esame Crusted Tuna</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sesame crusted and seared yellowfin tuna served with our<br>house-made spicy mango salsa with Ponzu sauce.</p>\n<br><h1 id='6' style='font-size:16px'>C rispy Tofu Bites</h1>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Firm tofu crusted with panko, sesame seeds, and 5-spice. Deep-<br>fried until crispy and served with Volcano Sauce on the side.</p>\n<br><h1 id='8' style='font-size:16px'>P EI Blue Mussels</h1>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00bd pound of Island Blue Mussels steamed with white wine,<br>butter, and garlic confit. Finished with grape tomatoes, green<br>onions, and chimichurri sauce. Served with garlic toast.</p>\n<br><h1 id='10' style='font-size:16px'>D ynamite Prawns</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>6 tiger prawns marinated in our house-made volcano sauce then<br>deep-fried in a tempura batter. Served with our Sriracha<br>Singapore sauce.</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:16px'>Chicken Liver Crostini</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Chicken liver crusted with chili bread crumbs, pan-fried to<br>medium rare and glazed with a red wine vinegar and beef stock<br>reduction. Finished with grape tomatoes, green onion, blue<br>cheese and crostini.</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:16px'>S picy Mango Salsa and Chips</h1>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Our house-made spicy mango salsa served with lemon pepper<br>tortilla chips.</p>\n<h1 id='16' style='font-size:16px'>Traditional Calamari</h1>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00bd pound of calamari lightly dusted with herbs and flour, topped<br>with gremolata, and served with our house-made tzatziki,<br>roasted red pepper puree.</p>\n<h1 id='18' style='font-size:16px'>Chicken Wings</h1>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A pound of house made wings lightly dusted and served crisp.<br>Choice of salt & pepper, honey garlic, Teriyaki, honey mustard,<br>BBQ, Singapore sauce, lemon pepper, hot, or Volcano!</p>\n<h1 id='20' style='font-size:16px'>Nachos Grande</h1>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Tortilla chips baked with tomatoes, red onion, mixed peppers,<br>olives, jalape\u00f1o peppers and melted cheese. Topped with<br>guacamole and served with salsa fresca and sour cream<br>Add chicken or mexi-beef: $5</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>12</p>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:20px'>P ASTAS & STIR- FRYS</h1>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:16px'>Black Magic Pasta</h1>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Squid ink fettuccini noodles tossed in chili lime butter, white<br>wine and Sambal sauce with jumbo shrimp, scallops, mussels,<br>roasted red peppers, and fresh garlic. Garnished with fried leeks<br>and served with garlic toast.</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>13</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:16px'>Linguine Rosa with Grilled Chicken</h1>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>11</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>12</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Linguine noodles tossed in rose sauce with grilled chicken breast,<br>mushrooms, spinach, and parmesan cheese. Served with garlic<br>toast. (Substitute jumbo shrimp and scallops + $5)</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>15</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>12</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>15</p>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:16px'>S ingapore Stir Fry</h1>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>16</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>16</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Your choice of ginger chicken, steak, or crispy tofu with crisp<br>vegetables, green onions, sesame seeds and roasted peanuts<br>tossed in a sweet and hot Singapore sauce. Served over saffron<br>rice or crispy chow mein noodles.</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(Substitute jumbo shrimp and scallops + $5)</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>25</p>\n<h1 id='40' style='font-size:16px'>Stuffed Mushroom Ravioli</h1>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Wild mushroom ravioli tossed in house-made white wine and<br>roasted red pepper sauce, with sundried tomato and micro-<br>greens. Served with garlic toast.</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>An 18% gratuity will apply to groups of 8 or more<br>people.</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>18</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>SALADS</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Cobb Salad</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>19</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T una & Prawn Salad</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sesame crusted yellowfin tuna and jumbo prawns on a bed of mixed<br>greens with anchovy fillets, grape tomatoes, cucumbers, capers,<br>pickled onions, seaweed, and our house-made white balsamic<br>dressing.</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Romaine lettuce with Cajun chicken, avocado, hardboiled egg, feta<br>cheese, tomatoes, red onion, and smoked bacon with choice of:<br>House-made white balsamic vinaigrette/1000 island/dijon<br>vinaigrette/avocado yogurt, or blue cheese, Italian, ranch, or<br>balsamic vinaigrette.</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Your choice of Cajun chicken, or taco beef, serve over romaine<br>lettuce, bell peppers, tomatoes, red onion, sliced jalapenos, and mixed<br>3 cheese blend. Topped with sour cream, salsa fresca, guacamole,<br>tortilla strips, and served in a tortilla bowl.</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>M exican Salad</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A vocado & Artichoke Salad</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>22</p>\n<p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Marinated artichoke hearts and avocado slices with cucumber,<br>radish, pickled onions, pistachios, and micro-greens with our house-<br>made avocado yogurt dressing.</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fresh watermelon and seasonal berries with baby spinach, red<br>onions, shaved almonds, pumpkin seeds, and feta cheese, topped<br>with a house-made white balsamic dressing and a balsamic glaze.</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>19</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W atermelon & Berry Salad</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>16</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Gluten-free pizza crusts are available for all pizzas for $2 extra.</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>1 2 \u201cHOUSE-MADE PIZZA</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>15</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Meat Lovers</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Basil tomato sauce, smoked bacon, chorizo, smoked ham, pepperoni,<br>and our 3 cheese blend</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>B BQ Chicken</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Non-Dairy Cheese available to build your own Vegan Pizza.</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Guinness BBQ sauce, grilled chicken, roasted red pepper, pineapple,<br>and our 3 cheese blend.</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Great Canadian</p>\n<br><figure><img id='70' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1149,1082); bottom-right:(1193,1115)\" /></figure>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>21</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Hawaiian</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Basil tomato sauce, ham, fresh pineapple, sundried tomato and our 3<br>cheese blend</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>B uffalo Chicken Pizza</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Basil tomato sauce, pepperoni, Portobello mushrooms, smoked<br>bacon, and our 3 cheese blend.</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Seafood Pizza</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Basil tomato sauce, Cajun chicken, franks hot sauce, red onion, green<br>onions, and our 3 cheese blend finished with chipotle mayo.</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T oppings: pepperoni, anchovy fillets, smoked bacon, ground beef,<br>chorizo sausage, smoked ham, Cajun chicken, tomato, sundried<br>tomato, portobello mushrooms, red onions, mixed peppers, jalape\u00f1o<br>peppers, spinach, pineapple, olives, feta cheese.<br>*Additional Toppings $2.00 each</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Three Cheese Pizza</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Basil tomato sauce and our 3 cheese blend.</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>16</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Roasted Red Pepper sauce with prawns, anchovy fillets, pickled<br>onions, sundried tomato and our 3 cheese blend.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1869914, "type": "text", "content": "# Snacks\n\n\n \n\n# fresh shucked oysters*\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vegan cheese +3 | 14\u201d gluten free crust +5\n\n\n \n\n# fresh oysters daily\n\n\n \n\n1/2 Dozen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 \nDozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18\n\n\n \n\nMeat and Cheese board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.95 \ntwo meats, three cheese served with assorted \naccouterments and bread\n\n\n \n\n# mussels*+fries.\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.95\n\n\n \n\n1/2 pound, white wine & garlic or spanish red sauce \nserved with fresh house cut fries. Full pound $14.95. \n(sub pasta for fries +4)\n\n\n \n\nCALAMARI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.95 \nlightly fried, cherry pepper aioli\n\n\n \n\nBurrata (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.95 \ntomatoes, basil, fresh berries, balsamic drizzle, bread\n\n\n \n\nbeet hummus (ve|gf). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.95 \nserved with fresh veggies + house made lavash\n\n\n \n\nblistered brussels (v|gf). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.95 \ncilantro vinaigrette, parmesan\n\n\n \n\nParmesan Fries (v|gf). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.95 \nhouse-cut fries, italian herbs, parmesan, truffle aioli\n\n\n \n\nWings (gf). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \none pound, smoked in house and flash fried \nserved with carrots and choice of sauce: buffalo, bbq, \njalape\u00f1o gold, honey garlic, honey sriracha or naked\n\n\n \n\nchicken + Fries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.95 \nyour choice of \u201cNashville hot\u201d or \u201ctraditional country fried\u201d \nserved with blue cheese or ranch and house-cut fries\n\n\n \n\n# GREENS + Grains\n\n\n \n\ndressings: ranch | blue cheese | cilantro vin \nbalsamic vin | red wine vin \nadd bacon+2 | candied bacon+3 | shrimp+4 \nfalafel+3 | chicken+4 | salmon*+7 | steak*+7\n\n\n \n\nsimple salad (ve|gf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 \ngreens, tomato, cucumber\n\n\n \n\nbeet salad (v|gf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.95 \nroasted beets, greens, goat cheese, pepitas, apples\n\n\n \n\nBLT Salad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 \ngreens, bacon, avocado, grape tomato, croutons\n\n\n \n\nfull house salad (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.95 \nmixed greens, cranberries, pecans, hemp seeds, avocado, \ngrape tomatoes, goat cheese, croutons\n\n\n \n\nsteak house salad (gf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.5 \nkale, arugula, seared steak*, cherry tomatoes, avocado, \nfried onions, blue cheese crumbles, \ntossed in red wine vin\n\n\n \n\nSouthwest Quinoa bowl (ve|gf). . . . . . . . 13.95 \nquinoa, black beans, tomatoes, avocado, pico de gallo, \npickled onions, tortilla strips, cilantro vin.\n\n\n \n\nBuddha Bowl (ve|gf). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5 \nquinoa, roasted sweet potatoes, fried chickpeas, pickled \nonions, shaved carrots, hemp seeds, greens, tahini\n\n\n \n\n# poke bowl.\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5\n\n\n \n\nbrown rice, tuna, green onion, jalape\u00f1o, sesame seeds, \ncucumber, pickled onions, avocado, shredded carrots, \nsesame vinaigrette\n\n\n \n\n# From the Grill\n\n\n \n\nall burgers made with fresh ground beef, two smash \npatties, cooked medium to mid well, served with fries, \nfresh chips or slaw \nbrussels or house greens+2 | truffle fries+2 | avocado+2 \nbacon+2 | candied bacon+3| jalape\u00f1os+1 \nmushrooms +1 | cup of soup+2 | gluten free bun +2.5\n\n\n \n\npublic house burger* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.95 \ncandied bacon, cheddar, pickled veg, rosemary aioli\n\n\n \n\nClassic Cheeseburger* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 \ncheddar, lettuce, tomato, pickled veggies\n\n\n \n\nWash park* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \nprovolone, avocado, sun-dried tomatoes, arugula, \nrosemary aioli\n\n\n \n\n# SANDWICHES\n\n\n \n\nserved with fries, fresh chips or slaw \nbrussels or house greens+2 | truffle fries+2 | avocado+2 \nbacon+2 | candied bacon+3| jalape\u00f1os+1 | cup of \nsoup+2 gluten free bun +2.5\n\n\n \n\n# the bird\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.95\n\n\n \n\nbuttermilk fried chicken, slaw, pickles, tomatoes, \nremoulade\n\n\n \n\nfalafel (v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.95 \nblack bean and garbanzo falafel, cucumber, \ntomato, tzatziki, naan\n\n\n \n\n12.95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 25\n\n\nfrench dip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \nthin sliced rib eye*, au jus, provolone, horseradish\n\n\n \n\nbuffalo chicken wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.95 \nfried or grilled chicken, greens, tomato, \nserved with ranch or blue cheese\n\n\n \n\n# MAINS\n\n\n \n\nsteak frites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.95 \n8oz. steak, chimichurri, garlic butter, \nhouse cut parmesan fries, rosemary aioli\n\n\n \n\npan seared salmon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.95 \natalantic Salmon served with a fried chickpea \nmediterranean salad, feta\n\n\n \n\n# FRIED CHICKEN\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n\n\n \n\nthree pieces traditional or nashville hot, slaw & your \nchoice of side (brussels, mac & cheese, fries) \nextra pieces of chicken and extra sides +3ea\n\n\n \n\ngarden tacos (ve|gf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.95 \nthree soft corn tortillas, sweet potato, corn, black beans,\n\n\n# daily specials\n\n\n \n\nmac+cheese (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.95 \na blend of three cheeses finished with bread crumbs \n(chicken +4, bacon +2, candied bacon +3, jalapenos +1)\n\n\n \n\nslaw, avocado, pico, cilantro\n\n\nMonday all day happy hour\n\n\n \n\nTuesday $1 Fresh Shucked Oysters all day\n\n\nSunday Brunch 10-3 all you can drink mimosas $14 \n(orange only - all other flavors $16) \n$1 Fresh Shucked Oysters all day\n\n\n \n\nsaturday Brunch 10-3 all you can drink mimosas $14 \n(orange only - all other flavors $16)\n\n\nBLACKBIRDPUBLICHOUSE.COM\n\n\n \n\n# specialty pies 12\u201d / 16\u201d\n\n\n(v)= vegetarian (ve) = vegan (o) = optional (gf) = gluten free\n\n\n \n\nnew Yorker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 25 \nred sauce, mozzarella, sausage, pepperoni \nfennel, tomatoes, basil, ricotta\n\n\n \n\nFig + pig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 25 \ngarlic & olive oil, proscuitto, dried figs, nuts, ricotta, \narugula, balsamic drizzle, shaved parm (fried egg +2|4)\n\n\n. 13.95 rosemary, saut\u00e9ed mushrooms, thyme,\n\n\n \n\ngarlic & olive oil, mozzarella, pecorino,\n\n\n \n\nforest (v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 24\n\n\n# piccanti.\n\n\n \n\ngarlic, parmesan, melted leeks\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 24\n\n\n \n\nchili oil, ricotta\n\n\n \n\nred sauce, mozzarella, pepperoni, pepperoncini,\n\n\n17.95\n\n\n \n\nwhite sauce, bacon, thin sliced dill pickles, mozzarella, dill\n\n\n \n\nthe real dill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 / 24\n\n\n# 14.95\n\n\n \n\nrocket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 / 24 \nwhite sauce, mozzarella, arugula, prosciutto, balsamic \ndrizzle. add fresh figs +2\n\n\n \n\nBBQ Chicken. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 25\n\n\n \n\nbbq sauce, mozzarella, cheddar, grilled chicken, \nbacon, jalape\u00f1os, scallions\n\n\n \n\n# whole hog.\n\n\n \n\nred sauce, mozzarella, pepperoni, sausage,\n\n\n \n\nsalami, bacon,\n\n\n \n\n# works\n\n\n \n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 / 26\n\n\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 24\n\n\n \n\nred sauce, mozzarella, sausage, pepperoni, \ncandied bacon, mushrooms, red & green peppers, \nred onions, olives\n\n\nPrivate Parties! \nOrder Online! \nWe Deliver!\n\n\n \n\nbuffalo sauce, mozarella, chicken, red onion, blue cheese \ncrumbles, ranch or blue cheese dipping sauce\n\n\n \n\n# build your own PIE\n\n\n \n\nbuff chick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 24\n\n\n \n\nred sauce, mozzarella, tomato, basil\n\n\n \n\nmargherita (v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 / 21\n\n\n \n\n# Hawaiian\n\n\n \n\nred sauce, ham, pineapple, jalapenos, mozzarella\n\n\n*all items marked with an asterisk contain raw or under cooked products. consuming raw or under cooked meat, poultry, seafood, shellfish or eggs may increase your risk of food borne \nillness. If you have a nut allergy or sensitivity please alert your server. A\n20% gratuity may be added to parties of 8 or more.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 15526, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>*** Food Specials ***</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Buffalo Chicken Mac & Cheese- Natural Grilled Chicken, Buffalo Sauce,<br>Bechamel, Cheddar Cheese, Oven Baked - $15</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T iger Shrimp Pizza- Marinated Tiger Shrimp, Mozzarella Cheese, Grilled<br>Onions, Parmesan, Avocado and Lemon Aragula - $17</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S teak Sandwich- 6oz Hanger Steak, Fresh Jalapenos, Fresh Red Onions, Roasted<br>Bell Peppers, Avocado, Dill Pickles, Romaine Lettuce, Melted Cheddar, and Bell<br>Pepper Sauce. Served on Italian Ciabatta Bread, with Fries or Salad- $18</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Beignets- (6) French Style Fried Donuts, Dusted with Powdered Sugar. Served<br>with Chocolate and Butterscotch Dipping Sauce- $12</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2665598, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>MAKE IT A MEAL MEAL<br>MAKE<br>IT<br>A<br>YOUR CHOICE OF ONE SIDE +<br>5 TRADITIONAL WINGS OR 1/2 LB BONELESS WINGS 10.60<br>10 TRADITIONAL OR FULL POUND OF BONELESS WINGS 15<br>SIDES Waffle Fries, Steamed Broccoli, House Salad,<br>Caesar Salad, Onion Rings</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Enjoy Ice Cold Beer or a Glass of Wine. Ask Your Server about other Options</p>\n<h1 id='35' style='font-size:20px'>NMac Cheeses Cheeses<br>Mac N\u2019\u2019</h1>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>GOURMET MAC<br>Our homemade, rich & creamy cheese<br>sauce with Cavatappi pasta 12.30</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BUFFALO CHICKEN MAC<br>Crispy chicken & buffalo sauce drizzle<br>14.80</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>CHICKEN PESTO MAC<br>Grilled chicken & pesto drizzle 14.80</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BBQ CHICKEN MAC Grilled chicken,<br>bacon & BBQ sauce drizzle 14.80</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>BACON JALAPENO MAC<br>Bacon & Jalapenos 14.80</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>MUSHROOM\u00a0& SPINACH MAC<br>Spinach, mushrooms & feta cheese<br>14.80</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2955639, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>AP PE TIZ ER S</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Saul\u2019s Soup of the Day Ask your server<br>about today\u2019s fresh house-made creation. $4.5</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>French Onion Soup Red and yellow onions,<br>shallots, sherry, beef broth, hand-cut croutons and<br>melted Swiss cheese. $5</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Mac & Cheese Pasta baked with our creamy<br>homemade cheese sauce, topped with even more<br>cheddar and jack cheese with toasted Ritz cracker<br>crumbs. $8.5</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Buffalo Chicken Lightly fried white and dark<br>boneless chicken tossed in garlic buffalo sauce.<br>Served with celery, cucumber, red peppers and<br>bleu cheese relish. $11</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lettuce Wraps Ginger chicken, mushrooms<br>and water chestnuts in a soy-mirin glaze. Served<br>with romaine lettuce cups and an Asian dipping<br>sauce, garnished with rice noodles, crispy<br>wontons and peanuts. $10</p>\n<br><figure><img id='7' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1082,132); bottom-right:(1211,260)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>West 6th Beer Cheese and Steak Nachos</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Crispy corn tortilla chips piled with<br>grilled steak, a five-cheese blend,<br>beer cheese made with local brewery<br>West 6th Amber Ale, scallions, fresh<br>jalape\u00f1os, cilantro, sea salt, lime. $13.5</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We proudly make our own pizza dough from scratch and top all our cosmopolitan style<br>pizzas and flatbreads with our five-cheese blend. Pizza $14 / Flatbread $10</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>SIGN AT URE P IZ ZA & FLATBR EADS</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Argentinean Steak<br>Churrasco sauce, marinated steak,<br>roasted red peppers and lime.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Parisian</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Dijon cream sauce, ham, Brie cheese,<br>Granny Smith apples and drizzled with honey.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BBQ Pork Nachos Crispy corn tortilla chips,<br>pulled pork, our five-cheese blend, Sweet Baby<br>Ray\u2019s Barbeque Sauce, pickled jalape\u00f1os, diced<br>tomatoes, sweet hot peppers and scallions. $13</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fresh avocado dip served with pico de gallo and<br>crispy corn tortilla chips. $9</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Guacamole & Corn Chips</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Rosemary Chicken<br>Rosemary olive oil, grilled chicken,<br>spinach, artichoke hearts and lemon.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Southwestern Dip Smoked shoepeg corn,<br>jalape\u00f1os, scallions and cilantro combined with<br>cream cheese seasoned with toasted cumin<br>and chili powder. Served warm with crispy<br>corn tortilla chips. $9</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Kentucky Hot Brown</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Creamy Mornay sauce, ham, turkey, bacon,<br>cheddar-jack cheese and fresh tomatoes.</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>BBQ Chicken</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>BU ILD YOUR OWN PIZ Z A</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BBQ sauce, chicken, bleu cheese crumbles,<br>caramelized onions and cilantro.</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>gluten-free crust available add $2</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2063137, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>14</p>\n<br><h1 id='36' style='font-size:22px'>a p p e t i z e r s</h1>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>14</p>\n<br><table id='38' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Spinach & Artichoke Dip tortilla chips & salsa</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>old school Chicken Wings choice of bbq or buffalo</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>Chili Pop Shrimp tossed in thai chili sauce</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>Brussels sprouts general tso sauce, sesame seeds, sriracha mayo scallions</td><td>12</td></tr></table>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>14</p>\n<br><h1 id='40' style='font-size:22px'>s a l a d s</h1>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>14</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>18</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>12<br>14<br>13<br>12<br>14</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>18</p>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>12</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>GF House Salad gf</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>sweet & sour carrots, tomatoes, broccoli,<br>chickpeas & feta, balsamic</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Chopped Tomato & Bleu Cheese Salad gf 10/ full 16</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>mixed greens, bacon, cucumber, red onion & creamy herb</p>\n<br><h1 id='50' style='font-size:20px'>Caesar Salad</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>crisp romaine lettuce, parmesan garlic dressing<br>& herb croutons</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>candied walnuts, golden raisins, sweet corn, roasted peppers,<br>fresh mozzarella & balsamic</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>9 / full 14</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>George Martin Chopped Salad</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>salad additions:<br>grilled chicken gf +5, grilled shrimp gf +6, sliced skirt steak +8</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>g r i l l f i r e ' s f a v o r i t e s</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>14 choice of evo-lemon or thai chili glaze</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>9 / full 14</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>GF Marinated Skirt Steak</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>8 oz, crispy tobacco onions</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>11 / full 17</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>world's best macaroni & cheese</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Barbecued Baby Back Ribs gf<br>half rack, falling off the bone, served with french fries</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>white meat chicken & garden vegetables in pastry</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Simply Grilled Salmon gf</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>topped with toasted herb crumbs</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Homemade Chicken Pot Pie</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>quinoa wild rice & steamed broccoli,</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>penne & Meatballs alla Vodka</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>creamy tomato sauce, imported vodka,<br>pecorino, chili flakes</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>complimentary lettuce, tomato, onion & pickles upon request.<br>served with french fries. substitute an alternate side dish +2<br>substitute a small chopped tomato bleu, gf house or caesar salad +3<br>gf gluten free roll +2</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>b u r g e r s & s a n d w i c h e s</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>GM Prime Burger</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Black Jack Burger</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>exclusive house blend, served on brioche or multigrain bun</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>half 12 / full 16</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>8 oz, exclusive blend, candied bacon, pepper jack cheese,<br>black jack sauce, cherry peppers on brioche roll</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Housemade Black Bean Quinoa Veggie Burger</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>tomatoes, baby spinach, feta, tzatziki on multigrain roll</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Grilled Chicken Sandwich</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>mozzarella cheese & honey mustard</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Steak Sandwich</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>27</p>\n<p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>26</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>18</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>sliced steak, melted mozzarella, caramelized onions,<br>house steak sauce on ciabatta</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>17</p>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>additions +2 each: cheddar, mozzarella, american, swiss, pepperjack,<br>mushrooms, bacon, crispy or saut\u00e9ed onions</p>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>14</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>16</p>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>16</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>15</p>\n<p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>18</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 15527, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>*** Drink Specials***</h1>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SABE COCKTAILS: Margarita, Moscow Mule, Grapefruit Paloma $10<br>G-BLOSSOM: Champagne with Pomegranate Juice and Blackberries $8<br>GODDESS LEMONADE: Champagne with Lemonade & Grenadine $8<br>SUNRISE MIMOSA: Champagne with Orange & Cranberry Juice $8<br>TANGERINE EXPRESS: CA American Hazy IPA ABV 6.7% $9</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>LA DIABLA: Homemade Michelada Mix served with Modelo Especial $10<br>MODELO ESPECIAL BOTTLE: Lager ABV 4.4% $8</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2818040, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2779 Add Your Toppings<br>Protein<br>bacon 1.99<br>smoked bbq pulled pork 2.69<br>fried egg 1.49<br>prosciutto 2.49</p>\n<table id='22' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>natural cut fries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>.$1.79</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>sweet potato fries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td></td><td></td><td>. . . . . .</td><td>.$2.79</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>parmesan fries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>. . . . . .</td><td></td><td>. .$1.99</td><td></td><td>seasoned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td></tr><tr><td>fries . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>. . . . . . . . . .$1.99</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>tater tots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1.99</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>cole slaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>. .$1.59</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:16px'>Steak Mac \u2018n Cheese \u2013 Shaved steak</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>saut\u00e9ed with onions, peppers and mushrooms in<br>a creamy B\u00e9chamel sauce tossed with Cellentani<br>pasta. Garnished with shredded American cheese<br>and fresh parsley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$17.99</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Veggies<br>red onion .69<br>house-pickled jalape\u00f1os .79<br>saut\u00e9ed onions .99<br>saut\u00e9ed peppers .99<br>saut\u00e9ed mushrooms .99<br>grilled banana .89</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Blackened Chicken Mac \u2018n Cheese \u2013</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Blackened chicken breast, Cellentani pasta,<br>creamy B\u00e9chamel sauce, diced tomatoes, scallions<br>and Monterey Jack cheese . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$17.99</p>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:18px'>Pulled Pork Mac \u2018n Cheese \u2013 House</h1>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>smoked BBQ pulled pork, Cellentani pasta,<br>creamy B\u00e9chamel sauce, diced tomatoes, pickled<br>jalape\u00f1os, crumbled corn bread, Monterey jack<br>cheese and scallions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$17.99</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Lobster Mac \u2018n Cheese \u2013 Fresh hand<br>picked lobster meat, Cellentani pasta, creamy<br>B\u00e9chamel sauce, buttered Ritz cracker crumbs,<br>Asiago cheese and parsley . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$27.99</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>sliced cherry peppers .79<br>roasted red peppers .89<br>cole slaw .99</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Sauce</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>marinara .99</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>brown ale bacon marmalade 1.99</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>cheddar beer cheese sauce 1.29</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>bleu cheese dressing .99</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>beer BBQ sauce .99</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>buffalo hot sauce .89</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Crystal hot sauce .99</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>sriracha aioli .99</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>teriyaki .89</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>basil pesto .99</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>buttermilk ranch dressing .79</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A party of four orders a Buffalo Chicken Mac & Cheese and three G-BLOSSOMs. Later, they decide to share one Steak Sandwich and one Tiger Shrimp Pizza. What is the total bill for this order, and which reasoning steps should be used to calculate this accurately?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 689, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 360276, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>overlooking the diverse situatedness of local community-based practices,<br>but also, on part of local research, an overemphasizing of national places<br>that may easily be at the expense of considering transnational spaces. In a<br>similar way, Ana Do\u0161en (Singidunum University, Belgrade) draws atten-<br>tion to the questioning of universal theories as advanced by the spatial<br>turn in the humanities, and discusses possibilities of reading manga within<br>area studies as \u201ca form of spatial scholarship.\u201d Looking at the character of<br>Branko Vukeli\u0107, the Serbian collaborator of Richard Sorge, in Tezuka<br>Osamu\u2019s manga Message to Adolf and the readerly perspective from the<br>Balkans as another periphery, she demonstrates how manga offers multi-<br>spatialities which are conceptually accommodated best by the notion of<br>\u201cmigrant\u201d reading, i.e., acknowledging the state of being out of place when<br>reading manga and doing manga studies.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fusami Ogi (Chikushi Jogakuen University, Dazaifu) introduces<br>meanings which the term manga has assumed in Japanese and English<br>over the last two decades and points out misunderstandings. Similar to<br>Cheng Chua she sees non-Japanese artists using manga style in a way that<br>goes beyond the framework of the national (or \u201cMade in Japan\u201d), and she<br>highlights the global potential of these hybrid productions. Like Ogi, Ylva<br>Lindberg (J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping University) takes her departure from an analysis of<br>the International Manga Awards, established by Japan\u2019s Ministry of<br>Foreign Affairs in 2007, when she discusses non-Japanese artist-authors in<br>their relation to the Japanese market. From the perspective of critical<br>world literature studies, she investigates central and peripheral, or sub-<br>ordinate, spaces of the global manga field: Japan as the dominant one, and<br>at the counterpole of productions which seek recognition by the center<br>or bypass it, the Francophone and Anglophone spaces as well as the Swe-<br>dish one as an example of less resources. The interrelation between global<br>formats and local needs is specified by Swedish comics artist Lisa Medin<br>in her contribution which looks back at what attracted artist-authors like<br>her to the medium in the first place, namely, the infusion of magic into<br>experiences of everyday life by means of Japanese as exotic elements in<br>line with narratives that develop over long arcs, characters who invite<br>empathy, the mix of humor and serious action, the intra- and paratextual<br>presence of the author and the power of the reader to influence the con-<br>tinuation of series as well as the active involvement of female audiences.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ananya Saha (Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi) introduces<br>manga-style short stories published outside of Japan in the mid- to late<br>2000s, when printed manga in translation as well as original non-Japanese<br>productions saw their peak. In terms of visual style and narrative</p>\n<footer id='26' style='font-size:14px'>10</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 218906, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='35' style='font-size:20px'>File Type PDF English Speaking Course Book</h1>\n<h1 id='36' style='font-size:18px'>Copyright code : eac87a9150dd5f15db44ce9d9a4caed4</h1>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright : neksweddings.com</p>\n<br><footer id='38' style='font-size:16px'>Page 7/7</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2949225, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>11</header>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Johansson, S. (2007b). Seeing through Multilingual Corpora. On the use of corpora in<br>contrastive studies. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: Benjamins.<br>Johansson, S. & Hofland, K. (1994). Towards an English-Norwegian parallel corpus. In Fries,<br>U., Tottie, G. & Schneider, P. (eds.) Creating and using English language corpora, 25-37.<br>Amsterdam/Atlanta: Rodopi.<br>Johansson S., J. Ebeling & K. Hofland (1996). Coding and aligning the English-Norwegian<br>Parallel Corpus. In Aijmer et al (eds.) Languages in Contrast: 87-112.<br>Johansson S. & H. Hasselg\u00e5rd (1999).Corpora and cross-linguist ic research in the Nordic<br>countries. In Granger et al (eds.) Contrastive Linguistics and Translation, 145-162.<br>Johns T. & P. King (eds.). (1991). Classroom Concordancing. ELR Journal (New Series) 4.<br>King P. (2007). Parallel concordancing and its applications. In Granger S., Lerot J. and Petch-<br>Tyson S. (eds) Corpus-based Approaches to Con trastive Linguistics and Translation Studies.<br>Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press: Beijing, 157-167.<br>K\u00fcbler, N. & Foucou, P.-Y. (2007). Teaching En glish verbs with bilingual corpora. Examples<br>in the field of computer science. In Granger S., Lerot J. and Petch-Tyson S. (eds) Corpus-<br>based Approaches to Contrastive Linguistics and Translation Studies. Foreign Language<br>Teaching and Research Press: Beijing, 185- 206.<br>Laviosa S. (1998). L\u2019approche bas\u00e9e sur corpus/The Corpus-based Approach. Special issue of<br>META. Journal des Traducteurs 43, 4, 473-659.<br>Lefer, M.-A. (2009). Exploring lexical morphology across languages. A corpus-based study<br>of prefixa tion in English and French writing. Unpublished PhD dissertation. Universit\u00e9<br>catholique de Louvain: Louvain-la-Neuve.<br>Malblanc A. (1968). Stylistique compar\u00e9e du fran \u00e7ais et de l\u2019allemand. Didier: Paris.<br>Malmkjaer K. (1998). Love thy Neighbour: Will Parallel Corpora Endear Linguists to<br>Translators? In S. Laviosa (ed.) L\u2019approche bas\u00e9e s ur corpus/The Corpus-based Approach:<br>534-541.<br>McEnery, T. & Xiao, R. (1999). Domains, text types, aspect marking and English-Chinese<br>translation. Languages in Contrast 2, 2, 21 1-229<br>McEnery, T. & Xiao, R. (2004). The Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese.<br>http://www.lancs.ac.uk/fass/projects/corpus/LCMC/<br>Newmark P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs.<br>Odlin T. (1989). Language Transfer. Cross-linguistic influence in language learning.<br>Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.<br>Puurtinen, T. (2007). Nonfinite constructions in Finnish children\u2019s literature: Features of<br>translationese contradicting translation universals? In Granger S., Lerot J. and Petch-Tyson S.<br>(eds) Corpus-based Approaches to Contrastive Linguistics and Tran slation Studies. Foreign<br>Language Teaching and Research Press: Beijing, 141-154.<br>Rayson, P., Xu, X,, Xiao, J., Wong, A. & Yuan, Q. (2008). Quantitative analysis of<br>translation revision: contrastive corpus research on native English and Ch inese translationese.<br>In: XVIII FIT World Congress, August 4-7, 2008, Shanghai, China. Downloaded from<br>http://eprints.comp.lancs.ac.uk/2042/1/Rayson_P_Et_Al_fit2008.pdf<br>Rundell, M. (2007). The dictionary of the future. In Granger, S. (ed.) Optimizing the role of<br>language in technology-enhanced learning. Proceedings of the workshop organized at the<br>Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 4-5 October 2007.<br>Schmied, J. (2009). Learning English Prepositions in the Chemnitz Internet Grammar. In<br>Granger, S. & Petch-Tyson, S. (eds.) Extending the Scope of Corpus-based Resea rch: New<br>Applications, New Challenges. Language Teaching and Research Press: Beijing, 231-247.<br>Schmied J. & H. Sch\u00e4ffler (1996). Approaching translationese through parallel and translation<br>corpora. In C. Percy, C. Meyer & I. Lancashire (eds.) Synchronic Corpus Linguistics. Rodopi:<br>Amsterdam & Atlanta, 41-56.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 218905, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='28' style='font-size:20px'>File Type PDF English Speaking Course Book</h1>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Their encounter, part of the folklore of the Spanish language, is presented in the<br>introduction of the newly published book \u201cLenguaje: A Cultural History of the Spanish<br>Language of New Mexico\u201d by ...</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Author explores the spread of the Spanish language and its impact on the New World<br>Fantasy author Joseph Davis has not only created a whole civilization where creativity is<br>power \u2012 Thousandworld - but he has written it in Swedish.</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Swedish fantasy author from Easton now has book available to US readers<br>DNA is, of course, an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that codes genetic<br>information in all living organisms. But in everyday language, DNA often means something<br>intrinsic, innate, ...</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Using \"DNA\" as a metaphor? It's in English's DNA<br>Sixth-grade students at Lords Park School in Elgin work in their dual language program. Elgin<br>Area School District U-46's dual language program is rolling up to 12th grade this school<br>year. The school ...</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>U-46 now a pre-K through 12th grade dual language district<br>Japan\u2019s bartending culture gave us the hard shake and reimagined the highball. These<br>three books offer a deep look into the tools, techniques and ingredients of Japanese<br>bartending.</p>\n<br><footer id='34' style='font-size:14px'>Page 6/7</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 698199, "type": "text", "content": "48 LANGUAGE LEARNING\n\n\nDummy text to keep placeholder\n\n\n \n\nSocial Networking Approach to Japanese Language \nTeaching\n\n\n \n\nThe Intersection of Language and Culture in the Digital Age\n\n\n \n\nlinguists interested in language pedagogy.\n\n\n \n\nRoutledge \nMarket: Language Pedagogy \n234x156: 240pp: 54 illus: 47 halftones: 7 line drawings: 47 tables \nHb: 978-0-367-43073-3: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-00115-7: Mar 2021 \n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367430733\n\n\n# Dummy text to keep placeholder\n\n\n \n\n# The Evolution of Spanish Past Forms\n\n\n \n\n# Routledge\n\n\n \n\nMarket: Spanish/Linguistics \n216x138: 168pp: 17 illus: 17 line drawings: 32 tables \nHb: 978-0-367-32247-2: Feb 2021: \u00a344.99 \u2022 eBook: 978-0-429-31749-1: Feb 2021 \n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367322472\n\n\n# Dummy text to keep placeholder\n\n\n \n\n# The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language\n\n\n \n\nLearning a Second Language with the Tools of the Native Speaker\n\n\n \n\n# Routledge\n\n\n \n\nMarket: Language Learning/Second Language Acquisition \n216x138: 152pp: 8 tables \nHb: 978-0-367-68829-5: Feb 2021: \u00a344.99 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-13922-5: Feb 2021 \n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367688295\n\n\n+44 (0)1235 400524 +44 (0)1235 400525\n\n\n \nwww.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/books\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1020885, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='58' style='font-size:18px'>e74</header>\n<br><header id='59' style='font-size:14px'>BUTTRICK ET AL.</header>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>appears cross-culturally stable (Fulmer et al., 2010), we expected<br>participants in all countries to enjoy thinking less than they en-<br>joyed doing. However, we also expected that there would be<br>cultural differences in the degree to which participants found<br>thinking for pleasure to be unpleasant and that these would be<br>related to differences in cultural practices and personality.</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Method</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Overview</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In Study 8 by Wilson et al. (2014), 30 college student partici-<br>pants, while alone in their own rooms, were randomly assigned to<br>spend 10 to 15 min either thinking for pleasure or doing an<br>enjoyable solitary activity of their choice. We performed a direct<br>replication of this study at 12 sites in 11 countries to explore<br>possible cultural variations in this finding and to see whether such<br>variations were related to reported use of technology or other<br>cultural variables. We also included individual-difference vari-<br>ables that have been found to correlate with the enjoyment of<br>thinking for pleasure, such as need for cognition (Cacioppo &<br>Petty, 1982), to see whether they mediated any cultural differences<br>that were observed. All materials, data, and analysis scripts can be<br>found at https://osf.io/av2t9.</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Institutional Review Board Statement</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The research reported here was approved by the University of<br>Virginia Institutional Review Board for the Social and Behavioral<br>Sciences [U.S. & Japan] (Protocol #2014 \u2013 0185, \u201cThinking &<br>Doing\u201d); by the Social and Societal Ethics Committee of the<br>University of Leuven [Belgium] (Protocol #G- 2015 08 306,<br>\u201cCross-Cultural Thinking Enjoyment\u201d); by the Yonsei University<br>Institutional Review Board [Korea] (Protocol #201508-SB-502\u2013<br>02, \u201cCross-Cultural Thinking Enjoyment\u201d); by the HELP Univer-<br>sity Ethics Review Board for the Department of Psychology [Ma-<br>laysia] (Protocol #N/A, \u201cCross-Cultural Thinking Enjoyment\u201d); by<br>the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Sport and Physical<br>Education, University of Belgrade [Serbia] (Protocol #2014 \u20132,<br>\u201cCross Cultural Thinking Enjoyment\u201d); by the Middle East Tech-<br>nical University Institutional Review Board for the Graduate<br>School of Social Sciences [both sites in Turkey] (Protocol #2015-<br>SOS-127, \u201cCross-Cultural Thinking Enjoyment\u201d); and by the In-<br>stitutional Review Board of the American University of Sharjah<br>[UAE] (Protocol #351, \u201cCross-Cultural Thinking Enjoyment\u201d). No<br>formal IRB approval was deemed necessary by the departments at<br>the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro [Brazil], the<br>Universidad de Iberoamerica [Costa Rica], or the University of<br>Porto [Portugal]. All studies were run in accordance with the<br>Helsinki convention on human experimentation.</p>\n<br><header id='66' style='font-size:20px'>tobedisseminatedbroadly.<br>iscopyrightedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationoroneofitsalliedpublishers. Thisarticleisintendedsolelyforthepersonaluseoftheindividualuserandisnot<br>Thisdocument</header>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Procedure</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Site selection. We recruited collaborators from 12 sites at 11<br>countries around the world using the Many Lab collaboration tool<br>(https://osf.io/89vqh/). We aimed to recruit countries with different<br>religious and cultural traditions from the United States, different<br>paces of life, and different levels of economic development, but<br>aside from directly recruiting collaborators in Japan and Korea to</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>test theories about differences between Western and East Asian<br>culture, we did not target any countries specifically. Information<br>about the aims of the project, the requirements for authorship<br>(translation, sample recruitment, data collection), and a timeline<br>were posted to the Many Lab page for potential collaborators. All<br>collaborators who agreed to these requirements were accepted into<br>the project, resulting in teams from Belgium, Brazil, Costa Rica,<br>Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Portugal, Serbia, the United Arab Emir-<br>ates, the United States, and two teams from Turkey. Researchers<br>from Nigeria and Tanzania dropped out before collecting data<br>because of participant recruitment issues.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Participants. A power analysis based on the effect size of<br>Wilson et al. (2014), Study 8, indicated that at least 91 participants<br>would be needed at each site for 90% power to detect 50% of the<br>original effect size of d (cid:2) 1.83. Because we were interested in<br>mediation analyses as well as between-conditions differences, we<br>aimed to recruit at least 150 participants at each site. When the<br>original recruitment goal proved infeasible at some sites, we low-<br>ered the threshold to 100 participants, which ultimately all but one<br>site cleared. We included all collected data in our analyses, in-<br>cluding data from one site that recruited fewer than 100 partici-<br>pants. Each site recruited participants from university participant<br>pools, advertising to prospective participants that the study was<br>about how people spend time when they are alone and that the<br>study would take 20 to 25 min to complete, during which they<br>would have to be alone. All participants received course credit for<br>their participation. The final sample consisted of 2,557 college<br>students attending universities at 12 sites in 11 countries. The<br>number of participants at each site and their demographics are<br>displayed in Table 1.</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Translation. Researchers at each site were provided with the<br>Qualtrics program that ran the study, which was identical to the<br>one used by Wilson et al. (2014), with the addition of individual-<br>difference measures. If translation was required, a member of each<br>team translated the text in the program into the primary language<br>of their country and then a different member back-translated the<br>text into English. The back-translation was reviewed by the lead<br>authors to ensure fidelity. In total, the program was available to all<br>participants in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese,<br>Japanese, Korean, Serbian, Dutch, and Turkish.</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Procedure. The procedures of Wilson et al. (2014, Study 8)<br>were followed as closely as possible except for the following<br>changes: In the original study, participants first attended a labora-<br>tory session in which they completed individual-difference mea-<br>sures and were instructed that they would receive a link to a<br>program over e-mail, which they should open only when they were<br>alone in their rooms, had at least 30 min to spare, and were free of<br>distractions. Because the study has been successfully replicated<br>using Amazon\u2019s Mechanical Turk participants who did not attend<br>an initial session (E. N. Smith & Frank, 2015; n (cid:2) 81, d (cid:2) 1.32),<br>we eliminated the initial session in our replications. Participants<br>were instructed to open the link to the study at a time when they<br>were alone and had at least 30 min to spare. They were pre-<br>sented with the study in the language of their web browser, with<br>the opportunity to shift the translation to any of the other<br>available options. The Qualtrics program used to run the study<br>is available at https://goo.gl/BxR51v.</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>After giving consent, participants agreed to turn off all elec-<br>tronic devices and put away any possible distractors, such as paper</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3515751, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='52' style='font-size:16px'>A. Majid et al. / Language Sciences 49 (2015) 1\u201318</header>\n<br><header id='53' style='font-size:16px'>5</header>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>1.4. Testing cross-linguistic hypotheses</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The usual approach to studying questions that call for cross-linguistic evidence is to take as diverse a sample of languages<br>as possible. As indicated earlier, there is little consensus as to what counts as diverse. Linguistic typologists argue amongst<br>each other over what constitutes an adequate sample size, and about the precise criteria for selecting a sample (e.g., Dahl,<br>2008; Dryer, 1989; Nichols, 1992; Perkins, 1989; Rijkhoff et al., 1993). There is broad agreement that genealogical relation-<br>ships must be taken into consideration, and for good reason: related languages may just be replicates of the same historical<br>process. For example, if ten languages share a feature, we are less likely to conclude that feature is a universal property of all<br>languages if those languages are related than if they come from diverse stock. But scholars disagree as to whether time-depth<br>of language-relatedness should also be taken into account in their sampling method.</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Controlling for language relatedness through sampling has the consequence that many languages have to be excluded<br>from study because they come from large families. Thus, vast numbers of Austronesian languages (1,222 languages) or Niger\u2013<br>Congo languages (1,526 languages)1 would simply be discarded under most sampling methods. However, this is not the only<br>option. We can take this design \u201c\ufb02aw\u201d and make it into a \u201cfeature\u201d. That is, we can exploit the fact that languages have shared<br>histories, and utilise a controlled comparison approach, as has become practice within evolutionary anthropology (Fortunato<br>and Jordan, 2010; Mace et al., 2005; Mace and Pagel, 1994).</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>There are two bene\ufb01ts in taking a controlled comparison approach. First, within a language family, speakers are likely to<br>have a shared background, so we can be more certain that the semantic domains we study are functionally comparable in a<br>culturally- and historically-informed way. Second, the formal expression of semantic elements is more constrained than in a<br>diverse sample (e.g., all Indo-European languages arguably have an adposition class). Finally, establishing how much variation<br>there is within one language family can be a step towards quantifying the kind of sample that would be needed for a<br>maximally diverse sample. So this approach has utility for core linguistic questions (e.g., Dunn et al., 2011). If semantic<br>categories show much diversity, then we can relax our criteria for sampling within language families, but if semantics shows<br>much stability within a language family then this has consequences for the potential size and scope of languages needed for a<br>broader survey.</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Here, we focus on the Indo-European language family, and more speci\ufb01cally the Germanic sub-branch. Since William<br>Jones\u2019 original proposal of the Indo-European language family (Jones, 1798), there has been intensive interdisciplinary study<br>of these languages. This makes this language family particularly interesting for a study of semantics, as there is a rich body of<br>historical and textual data to draw upon. Moreover, there are known points of contact and in\ufb02uence from other language<br>families and isolates which makes future investigations of the impact of these factors on lexical distinctions eminently<br>tractable.</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>To return to the overarching question \u2013 Are some semantic domains more similar than others across languages? \u2013 we focus on a<br>comparison of 12 Germanic languages. For the reasons just given, we believe a comparison of these languages is ideal. The com-<br>munities share many cultural commonalities deriving from a shared history of Western European social and political interaction,<br>and it is precisely this feature that enables us to ask whether, and where, differences exist. Do semantic systems diverge more for<br>containers or spatial relations; colours or body parts? Or are all semantic domains under the same pressures and in\ufb02uences?</p>\n<h1 id='60' style='font-size:20px'>2. Methods</h1>\n<h1 id='61' style='font-size:20px'>2.1. Languages and participants</h1>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We collected data from 12 Germanic languages with the cooperation of a distinguished team of language experts. See<br>Table 1. The Germanic language family had three main branches, one of which is now extinct (Eastern Germanic) and so does<br>not feature in our sample. The Northern Branch consists of the Scandinavian languages (the \ufb01rst 5 languages in Table 1); the<br>Western Branch comprises the remaining languages, including English, German, and Dutch.</p>\n<h1 id='63' style='font-size:20px'>2.2. Design, stimuli, and procedure</h1>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The project was designed to collect primary speaker data from 4 domains: colour, body parts, containers, and spatial<br>relations. Each participant was tested on all 4 domains; within languages the order of domain was counter-balanced to<br>alleviate fatigue and practice effects. Each session began with a description of the study; information about the procedure and<br>process, and reimbursement (payment was determined by local rates); and written consent was obtained from the<br>participant. At the end of the testing session, all participants completed a full biographical questionnaire which included<br>questions regarding various demographic factors and their language background.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Researchers in each country were given the EoSS Procedure Manual (Majid et al., 2010), which provided detailed in-<br>structions on the running conditions, including all the preparations required before testing. All participants were tested in the<br>target language, i.e., Dutch speakers were tested in Dutch; Swedish speakers in Swedish. The full set of instructions was</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>1 Numbers come from Ethnologue (Lewis et al., 2014).</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2970869, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Windswept provides a splendid non-technical window into the visually simple but ecologically complex Canadian grasslands, which are the best and most<br>extensive surviving examples of these highly threatened North American ecosystems. In Real Food for Babies and Toddlers, UK-trained nutritionist<br>Vanessa Clarkson provides support for parents who want to make the most of this window and use the foundation of a wholesome diet to support their<br>baby's development in every way possible. Each chapter is presented in a practical and easy-to-access format for busy, working professionals. Musashi's<br>best-known work, The Book of Five Ringsprovides timeless insight into the nature of conflict. Petry's long years of business and university teaching<br>experience as well as 5,000 hours of research and writing. Fairey Swordfish Info GuideIn Hey. With the best jobs increasingly monopolized by those with<br>higher education, the opportunity to attend college has become an integral part of the American dream of upward mobility. You will also discover secrets<br>that the pros use to keep themselves wealthy. Chapters Six (Koen Koch) and Seven (Jaap de Wilde) concentrate on the future relevance of the nation-state<br>and the governing bodies in relation to the ongoing process of European political integration and multilateralization of diplomatic interaction. Because we<br>believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature<br>in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work. Perhaps what makes these recipes even more attractive is the fact that these<br>are also superfood smoothies for weight loss. Any serious investment professional will benefit from Sharpe's unique insights. - Features more than 20<br>interviews with a range of international practitioners including Pete Docter, Director, Monsters, Inc. A considerable number of errors have been corrected<br>which appeared in the first edition; and, amongst many other improvements, the principles of parallel motion, so important to the manufacturer, have been<br>put in a complete form. Airedale Terrier: A Dog Journal for You to Record Your Dog's Life as It Happens!You have a Pembroke Welsh Corgi. Instant Apple<br>Configurator How-to\"It pulls no punches, shuns no controversial topic, and glosses over no issues or problems that beset America's law enforcement<br>community in our day. underground community has pushed for larger underground facilities on the scale of major laboratories in other countries. He<br>examines child crime and looks at how modern media affect the way the child's mind develops. When antigovernment protests broke out in Yemen in 2011,<br>part of the revolts sweeping the Arab world at the time, she contacted the New York Times to see if she could cover the rapidly unfolding events for the<br>newspaper. This Python syntax reference is packed with useful information and is a must-have for any Python developer. Discovering the Body's Wisdom:<br>A Comprehensive Guide to More Than Fifty Mind-Body Practices That Can Relieve Pain, Reduce Stress, and Foster Health, Spiritual Growth, and Inner<br>PeaceThe definitive guide to a fitness and healing breakthrough from the leading water exercise trainer and a renowned sports physical therapist Millions of<br>people are discovering the benefits of working out in water--Olympic athletes, dancers, fitness enthusiasts, workout rookies, pregnant women, seniors, even<br>those recovering from injuries or surgery. to Institutions for the Blind (Classic Reprint)Excerpt from The American Encyclopedia and Dictionary of<br>Ophthalmology, Vol. What will this book do for you.</p>\n<br><h1 id='10' style='font-size:18px'>Gas Turbine Theory 7th edition Read Online</h1>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Each activity includes ideas for how to \"Make it Silly,\" and ways to vary the themes so you can play the games over and over. The 'teacher tips' section<br>offers guidance on how to deliver the idea to get the best results based on years of trial and error by the author. The Conscious Parent's Guide to Positive<br>Discipline: A Mindful Approach for Building a Healthy, Respectful Relationship with Your ChildSadly, women often feel they have no alternative but to give<br>up breastfeeding, having been prescribed or purchased medication. He tells how, after 911, Southwest made three pivotal decisions: no layoffs, no pay<br>cuts, and \"no-penalty, no-questions-asked refunds\" for any customer wanting them. The evolution of television from analog to digital technology has been<br>underway for more than half a century. Let's Learn about Healthy EatingIncludes CD-Rom There is a growing awareness that healthy eating plays a crucial<br>role in the development of young people. Well, no more. To prove her theory, she tells the story of Putin's iron grip on Russian life from the point of view of<br>individual citizens whose situations have been shaped by his unique brand of tyranny. Plus, you'll learn how to apply the latest JavaScript exception<br>handling and custom object techniques. Bony Thorax 29. The book enters the internal, subjective world of counselling through its characters: students,<br>counsellors, clients, supervisors and the author himself. Learn why butter, cheese, bread, and chocolate are health foods that keep hunger at bay. The<br>color-coding feature, which makes it easier for you to follow cases and examples that make references to graphs and sets of financial statements. If you<br>are a high school student the answer is \"probably not. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books.<br>Following her husband s assassination, she ruled Italy s crossroads with iron will, martial strength, political savvy, and an icon s fashion sense. Create<br>beautiful and professional looking websites while saving money. The restaurant seems nice enough and his nephew talks about how much he loves it. The<br>aims vary from unveiling politicians' linguistic representation of the 2008 financial meltdown over inclusion of visual representations in LSP research to<br>clarifying the limits of lay understanding of specialised knowledge. [His] account is highly impressive and it shows that he is a superb writer, a diligent<br>researcher, and a master of battlefield detail. Gita Jethalal, who has more than forty years of experience in the health care field, combined with a lifetime of<br>yoga knowledge, discusses the new and innovative seven-step massage technique that focuses on stimulating the seven chakras within the spinal column.<br>TheAsymmetricTravelingSalesmanProblem: Algorithms,InstanceGenerators,andTests. He outlines the return of the Destroyer by arguing its cyclical nature.<br>DOS Beyond 640KFirst and only book on the Java 5, including new Java EE 5, for SAPABAB programmers The author has given the first course of its kind<br>in Belgium, and employs his experience and approach in this book More Java development or exposure to Java needed by SAPABAP programmers and<br>developers as evidenced by NetWeaver, for example Asynchronous IOS Networking Programming: Consuming Rest Services with Grand Central Dispatch<br>and Core DataAs Apple's iPhone and iPad become ever more popular, demand for feature-rich iOS-based business apps is soaring. And he levels sharp<br>criticism at the conventional definition of success as readiness for college.</p>\n<br><footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>https://uploads.strikinglycdn.com/files/7623769a-8dab-43e6-a864-ee689b61e511/graphic-classics-volume-24-native-american-classics-141.pdf<br>https://cdn-cms.f-static.net/uploads/4612913/normal_600e501bbdbf5.pdf<br>https://static.s123-cdn-static.com/uploads/4620373/normal_600c9da520a43.pdf<br>https://static.s123-cdn-static.com/uploads/4621090/normal_6009cfe3c8614.pdf</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 698579, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='264' style='font-size:20px'>48 LANGUAGE LEARNING</header>\n<p id='265' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><p id='266' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Social Networking Approach to Japanese Language<br>Teaching</p>\n<br><p id='267' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Intersection of Language and Culture in the Digital Age</p>\n<br><table id='268' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Edited by Yasu-Hiko Tohsaku, Fumiko Nazikian and Jisuk Park</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Social Networking Approach to Japanese Language Teaching is a timely guide for Japanese language teachers and anyone interested in language pedagogy. The book outlines an innovative approach to language instruction which goes beyond the communicative approach and encourages a global view of language education and curriculum development through the use of social networking. While the focus is on Japanese language teaching, the concepts explored can be applied to other languages and teaching contexts. This book will benefit teachers of any language as well as</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='269' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>linguists interested in language pedagogy.</p>\n<br><p id='270' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge<br>Market: Language Pedagogy<br>234x156: 240pp: 54 illus: 47 halftones: 7 line drawings: 47 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-43073-3: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-00115-7: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367430733</p>\n<h1 id='271' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder</h1>\n<br><h1 id='272' style='font-size:22px'>The Evolution of Spanish Past Forms</h1>\n<br><table id='273' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Gibran Delgado-D\u00edaz</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Series: Routledge Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>The Evolution of Spanish Past Forms examines how Spanish past forms have changed diachronically. With examples from Medieval Spanish, Golden Age Spanish and Modern Spanish literary works, this book demonstrates how language is dynamic and susceptible to change.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>This will be of interest to scholars and graduate students investigating tense and aspect phenomena in Spanish and other languages, grammaticalization processes, and language variation and change.</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='274' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</h1>\n<br><p id='275' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Spanish/Linguistics<br>216x138: 168pp: 17 illus: 17 line drawings: 32 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-32247-2: Feb 2021: \u00a344.99 \u2022 eBook: 978-0-429-31749-1: Feb 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367322472</p>\n<h1 id='276' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder</h1>\n<br><h1 id='277' style='font-size:22px'>The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language</h1>\n<br><p id='278' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Learning a Second Language with the Tools of the Native Speaker</p>\n<br><table id='279' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Luis H. Gonz\u00e1lez</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language: Learning a Second Language with the Tools of the Native Speaker presents a</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>data-driven approach to understanding how native speakers do not use subject and direct object to process language. Native speakers know who does what by applying intuitively two simple inferences that are argued to be part of universal grammar. The book explains and exemplifies these two inferences throughout. This book will appeal to teachers and learners of any second language, as well as linguists interested in second language acquisition, second language teaching, and argument structure.</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='280' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</h1>\n<br><p id='281' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Language Learning/Second Language Acquisition<br>216x138: 152pp: 8 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-68829-5: Feb 2021: \u00a344.99 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-13922-5: Feb 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367688295</p>\n<footer id='282' style='font-size:16px'>+44 (0)1235 400524 +44 (0)1235 400525</footer>\n<br><footer id='283' style='font-size:16px'>www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/books</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 698559, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='235' style='font-size:20px'>LITERATURE 37</header>\n<p id='236' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='237' style='font-size:22px'>Fedorov's Introduction to Translation Theory</h1>\n<figure><img id='238' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(85,145); bottom-right:(235,352)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='239' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Edited by Brian James Baer, Kent State University, USA</p>\n<br><p id='240' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Series: Translation Studies in Translation<br>This is the first English translation of Andrei V. Fedorov\u2019s classic<br>1953 text Vvedenie v teoriiu perevoda, offering a concise but<br>thorough comparative overview of thinking on translation in<br>Western Europe and Russia. Brian J. Baer, a leading scholar and<br>award-winning translator, provides detailed annotations and a<br>substantial introduction. Key reading for the history, theory and<br>politics of translation studies, this book also contributes to the<br>important work of internationalizing and generating new<br>histories of Translation studies.</p>\n<h1 id='241' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</h1>\n<br><p id='242' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Translation Studies/Comparative Literature/Russian and Slavic Studies<br>234x156: 328pp<br>Hb: 978-1-138-29820-0: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-315-09877-7: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9781138298200</p>\n<p id='243' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='244' style='font-size:22px'>Gender in Literary Exchange</h1>\n<br><p id='245' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Edited by Anka Ryall, UiT The Arctic University of Norway and Anne Birgitte R\u00f8nning,<br>University of Oslo</p>\n<br><p id='246' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>These essays not only explore the various transformations that happen when texts migrate<br>from one cultural and linguistic framework to another, but also highlight the gendered<br>nature of such transformations and the significance of transcultural exchange for perceptions<br>of gender. Spanning from digital humanities and world literature, libraries and reading<br>societies to the transnational reception of authors, the essays contribute to an exciting and<br>expanding field of humanities research.<br>The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of NORA\u2014Nordic<br>Journal of Feminist and Gender Research</p>\n<h1 id='247' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</h1>\n<br><p id='248' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Literature / Gender Studies<br>246x174: 124pp<br>Hb: 978-0-367-71495-6: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-15232-3: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367714956</p>\n<p id='249' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='250' style='font-size:22px'>Ghostly Encounters</h1>\n<br><p id='251' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Cultural and Imaginary Representations of the Spectral from the<br>Nineteenth Century to the Present</p>\n<figure><img id='252' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(86,984); bottom-right:(232,1200)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='253' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Edited by Mark Sandy and Stefano Cracolici</p>\n<br><p id='254' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Series: Literary Criticism and Cultural Theory</p>\n<h1 id='255' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</h1>\n<br><p id='256' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This volume of critical essays meditates on the evidence and<br>representation of the ghostly<br>in the visual, literary, and cultural imagination of Britain, Europe,<br>America, and Asia from<br>the nineteenth century to the contemporary.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given Joseph Davis's 'Thousandworld' is written in Swedish and English, and the Japanese bartending books are available in multiple languages, how would you design a study to compare the cultural themes presented in 'Thousandworld' with those in Japanese bartending culture, considering both tabular reasoning for comparing themes and format reasoning for aligning language translations?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 693, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3447487, "type": "text", "content": "# 3rd International Conference on New Trends in Chemistry \nApril 28-30, 2017, Helsinki/Finland\n\n\n# LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE TREATMENT CHANGES PLASMA TOTAL \nOXIDANT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY ON A TIME DEPENDENT \nMANNER IN RABBITS\n\n\n# Emine ATAKI\u015eI1, Onur ATAKISI2, Canan GULMEZ2, \nKezban YILDIZ DALGINLI2\n\n\n1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2Department of\nChemistry, Division of \nBiochemistry, Faculty of Science and Letter, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey. \net_tasci@hotmail.com, onuratakisi@hotmail.com, canan_glm@hotmail.com,\nkezbandalginli@gmail.com\n\n\n# A bstract\n\n\nIt is well known that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an outer-membrane component of\ngram- \nnegative bacteria has frequently been used in experimental models of\ninflammation and \noxidative stress [1-3]. Oxidative stress is described as an imbalance between\nreactive oxygen \nspecies (ROS) and scavenger systems (antioxidants). It can be caused by the\ninflammatory \nresponse to sepsis. [4]\n\n\n \n\nIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the dose and time dependent effects\nof bacterial \nLPS on antioxidant status by evaluating total antioxidant capacity (TAC),\ntotal oxidant capacity \n(TOC)) and other biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, globulin,\nalbumin/globulin \nratio in rabbits. Prior to LPS injection, blood samples were collected from 15\nNew Zealand \nrabbits (weighing 3-3.5 kg, at the age of 20-24 months) and these samples were\nnamed as 0th h. \nThen, 150 \u00b5g/kg LPS was intravenously injected through ear veins to the Group\nI (n=7) and \n300 \u00b5g/kg LPS to the Group II (n=8). Following injections, plasma samples were\nseparated \nafter taking blood samples into heparinized pits at 0st, 1st, 2nd and 3rd h.\nBiochemical parameters \nwere measured by colorimetrically using commercial kits. While TAC level was\ndecreased 2nd \nand 3rd h, TOC level was increased in 3rd h in group I (p<0.005 and p<0.01\nrespectively) \ncompared to the 0th h. Although TAC level was decreased in 1st, 2nd and 3rd h\nin group II, TOC \nlevel was increased in 2nd and 3rd h (p<0.00, p<0.05) compared to the 0th h.\nNo significant \ndifference was found in other biochemical parameters.\n\n\n \n\nIn conclusion, while some blood biochemical parameters (total protein,\nalbumin, \nglobulin, albumin/globulin ratio) was unchanged but TAC and TOC levels were\nsignificantly \nchanged with intravenous LPS injections to the rabbits. Findings also\nindicated that the effect\n\n\n107\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2228209, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='56' style='font-size:18px'>et al</h1>\n<h1 id='57' style='font-size:18px'>T. Shimizu .</h1>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Table 2. Protein levels (pg/ml) of GCF biomarkers before and 4 weeks after treatment (median IQR).</p>\n<br><table id='59' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">GO</td><td colspan=\"3\">CP</td><td>*Intragroup comparison at baseline</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Baseline</td><td>After</td><td>P-value</td><td>Baseline</td><td>After</td><td>P-value</td><td>P-value</td></tr><tr><td>IL-1\u03b1</td><td>799.1 [1191.2]</td><td>683.4 [629.7]</td><td>0.25</td><td>332.7 [795.7]</td><td>370.7 [607.1]</td><td>0.48</td><td>0.38</td></tr><tr><td>IL-1\u03b2</td><td>73.9 [120.0]</td><td>53.8 [68.2]</td><td>0.02</td><td>46.3 [78.8]</td><td>23.6 [33.6]</td><td>0.79</td><td>0.18</td></tr><tr><td>IL-6</td><td>2.0 [2.1]</td><td>1.2 [1.7]</td><td>0.21</td><td>1.8 [3.2]</td><td>1.8 [0.6]</td><td>0.42</td><td>0.67</td></tr><tr><td>IL-8</td><td>218.8 [155.0]</td><td>222.0 [112.7]</td><td>0.66</td><td>161.1 [171.8]</td><td>106.5 [94.1]</td><td>0.33</td><td>0.97</td></tr><tr><td>ICAM-1</td><td>2007.3 [2856.1]</td><td>2157.3 [557.7]</td><td>0.42</td><td>2255.0 [3246.7]</td><td>2038.8 [2310.5]</td><td>0.92</td><td>0.72</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-1</td><td>71.0 [92.5]</td><td>108.1 [76.8]</td><td>0.48</td><td>69.3 [52.0]</td><td>63.6 [90.2]</td><td>0.66</td><td>0.92</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-3</td><td>214.4 [395.9]</td><td>206.4 [326.5]</td><td>0.48</td><td>202.5 [178.1]</td><td>91.4 [108.7]</td><td>0.13</td><td>0.20</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-12</td><td>142.1 [338.6]</td><td>322.5 [370.9]</td><td>0.13</td><td>231.2 [377.0]</td><td>109.1 [162.3]</td><td>0.51</td><td>0.40</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-13</td><td>611.6 [3143.6]</td><td>1444.0 [2742.7]</td><td>0.79</td><td>1073.4 [1780.8]</td><td>811.9 [1582.1]</td><td>0.29</td><td>0.72</td></tr><tr><td>TGF-\u03b2</td><td>4.4 [5.6]</td><td>3.1 [3.1]</td><td>0.01</td><td>4.1 [5.1]</td><td>1.7 [1.3]</td><td>0.29</td><td>0.49</td></tr><tr><td>TNF-\u03b1</td><td>1.3 [0.6]</td><td>1.8 [1.2]</td><td>0.79</td><td>1.8 [2.4]</td><td>1.4 [1.2]</td><td>0.88</td><td>0.53</td></tr><tr><td>VEGF-A</td><td>6.6 [9.9]</td><td>7.1 [8.1]</td><td>0.25</td><td>6.3 [6.7]</td><td>6.7 [4.9]</td><td>0.33</td><td>0.41</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>before vs. after: Wilcoxon signed-rank test; level of significance, P < 0.05, GO-before vs. CP-before: Mann-Whitney U test; level of significance, P <<br>0.05, IQR = Interquartile range; Not detectable: FGF-b, PDGF-bb; Values are the median IQR.</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T able 3. Correlations between pairs of GCF biomarkers.</p>\n<br><table id='62' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Variable</td><td>IL-1\u03b1</td><td>IL-1\u03b2</td><td>IL-6</td><td>IL-8</td><td>MMP-1</td><td>MMP-3</td><td>MMP-12</td><td>MMP-13</td><td>TGF-\u03b2</td><td>TNF-\u03b1</td><td>VEGF-\u03b2</td><td>ICAM-1</td></tr><tr><td>IL-1\u03b1</td><td>|</td><td>0.66</td><td>0.18</td><td>0.18</td><td>0.05</td><td>0.19</td><td>\u22120.41</td><td>\u22120.56</td><td>0.41</td><td>\u22120.13</td><td>0.25</td><td>\u22120.05</td></tr><tr><td>IL-1\u03b2</td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.11</td><td>0.62</td><td>0.32</td><td>0.62</td><td>\u22120.50</td><td>\u22120.53</td><td>0.74</td><td>0.28</td><td>0.25</td><td>\u22120.82</td></tr><tr><td>IL-6</td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.55</td><td>0.62</td><td>0.67</td><td>0.39</td><td>0.22</td><td>0.10</td><td>0.69</td><td>\u22120.30</td><td>0.10</td></tr><tr><td>IL-8</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.64</td><td>0.82</td><td>\u22120.25</td><td>0.11</td><td>0.41</td><td>0.63</td><td>\u22120.20</td><td>0.25</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.72</td><td>0.38</td><td>0.37</td><td>0.62</td><td>0.62</td><td>\u22120.01</td><td>0.36</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.03</td><td>\u22120.11</td><td>0.62</td><td>0.54</td><td>0.03</td><td>0.07</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.55</td><td>\u22120.27</td><td>0.33</td><td>\u22120.16</td><td>0.37</td></tr><tr><td>MMP-13</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>\u22120.54</td><td>\u22120.52</td><td>0.10</td><td>0.67</td></tr><tr><td>TGF-\u03b2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>\u22120.11</td><td>0.65</td><td>\u22120.31</td></tr><tr><td>TNF-\u03b1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>0.65</td><td>0.50</td></tr><tr><td>VEGF-\u03b2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td><td>\u22120.71</td></tr><tr><td>ICAM-1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>|</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Statistics: Spearman correlation relationship. Bold: significant correlations.</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>t otal bacteria) in the CP group was significantly decreased after 4 weeks compared to baseline (P < 0.05). The<br>intragroup comparison at baseline showed that the counts of T. denticola in the GO group were significantly<br>higher than that of the CP group (P < 0.05).</p>\n<br><h1 id='65' style='font-size:22px'>4. Discussion</h1>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In the present study, we demonstrated that two biomarkers, IL-1\u03b2 and TGF-\u03b2, in GCF were significantly de-<br>creased in GO patients after initial periodontal treatment. The periodontal pathogenic bacteria T. denticola were<br>significantly higher in GO patients presenting with periodontal pockets and were decreased after treatment.</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>68</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2396, "type": "text", "content": "# Oro Tox\n\n\n \n\n# By Robert P. McBride DDS, Inc.\n\n\n \n\n\nUse the enclosed color scale with good, indirect lighting (avoid \nreflections). Move the cuvette over the scale cutouts until ink \ncoverage. Clearly positive, clinically significant results are easier to read. \nRead the number (toxin value) and in the second part the letters (protein \ntoxin and inflammation protein value) and note.\n\n\n# Meaning of the measured values - sulfur toxins\n\n\n \n\n0 = No proof \n1 = Easy \n2 = Mild \n3 = Clear \n4 = Strong \n5 = Extremely strong\n\n\n \n\nMeaning of the measured values - protein toxin and inflammation protein \nvalue.\n\n\n \n\nCopyright \u00a9 2019 Robert P. McBride DDS, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 554790, "type": "text", "content": "Serum fetuin-a levels in patients with ulcerative colitis\n\n\n \n2929\n\n\n \n\nTable 2: The comparison of biochemical parameters in \npatient and control groups. \nSD:Standard deviation t= student t test, Z=Mann Whitney U \ntest, *p<0.05, **p<0.01.\n\n\n \n\nTable 3: Comparison of Fetuin-A levels of the patients ac- \ncording to gender, smoking status, and extent of disease. \nSD:Standard deviation, t= student t test, **p<0.01.\n\n\n \n\nTable 4: The correlation between the fetuin-A values and \nthe variables in patients. \nr: correlation coefficient. *p<0.05.\n\n\n \n\nDiscussion\n\n\nUC is characterised by inflammation affect- \ning only the colon and is limited to the mucosa and \nsuperficial submucosa. The inflammation may af- \nfect small intestine and colon and is accompanied \nusually by diarrhoea and bleeding. Microulcers \nand ulcers bleed and produce pus and mucus(1,10).\n\n\n \n\nThe balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory \nmolecules in the colonic mucosa is significant for \nnormal gut homeostasis. A failure of the cytokine \nprofile in favour of pro-inflammatory cytokine \noverproduction leads to tissue damage as in in- \nflammatory bowel diseases(11). Anti-inflammatory \nmolecules decrease proinflammatory cytokine pro- \nduction in many different ways(12). It is suggested \nthat fetuin is a cofactor taking an important role \nin counter-regulating macrophage activation(13).\n\n\n \n\nFetuin-A inhibits the production of macrophage \nproinflammatory cytokine synthesis during inflam- \nmation. Moreover, the hepatic fetuin-A expression \nis negatively regulated by several proinflammatory \ncytokines such as TNF, IL-1, IL-6, and IFN-\u03b3(14).\n\n\n \n\nIn vivo and in vitro studies have consist- \nently approved that one function of fetuin-A is \nan essential inhibitor of pathological calcifica- \ntion on the molecular level. In addition, fetuin-A \nalso acts as a carrier for lipids, which may influ- \nence calcification, inflammation, and apoptosis(15).\n\n\n \n\nFetuin acts as a negative acute-phase protein \nand its level reduces in acute and chronic inflam- \nmation(16). In the present study, Fetuin-A levels sig- \nnificantly decreased in the patient group. Ma et al., \nshowed that the active patients with Crohn\u2019s disease \nand patients with UC both had significantly lower \nserum fetuin-A levels compared with the inactive \nones with Crohn\u2019s disease and UC(17). In patients \nwith pancreatitis and chronic kidney diseases, se- \nrum fetuin-A levels also decreased by 20-30%(18,19).\n\n\n \n\nAlso, a negative correlation was found be- \ntween fetuin-A and sedimentation and leucocyte \nvalues in patients. There was a reverse correla- \ntion between fetuin-A levels and the levels of the \nproinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and \nTNF-\u03b1 and a reverse correlation between low levels \nof fetuin-A and CRP, which is a marker of inflam- \nmation in patients undergoing haemodialysis(20).\n\n\n \n\nSato H. et al., showed that Serum Fetuin-A \nlevels significantly decreased in patients with Rheu- \nmatoid Arthritis. In addition, it was found that \nwhile Serum C-reactive protein concentration and \nerythrocyte sedimentation rate were inversely cor-\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2228198, "type": "text", "content": "et al\n\n\nT. Shimizu .\n\n\n \n\nribosomal RNA gene, which is expressed and conserved in many types of\nbacteria, were used to estimate the to- \ntal number of bacteria [23]. The presence and quantity of Porphyromonas\ngingivalis, (P. gingivalis), Tannerella \nforsythia (T. forsythia), and Treponema denticola (T. denticola) from the\nsubgingival plaque were determined \nusing real-time PCR analysis according to the method reported by Lyons et al.\n[24]. The number of bacteria was \nrepresented by the estimated number of cells per 10 \u03bcl plaque suspension. Each\nratio was calculated as the \nnumber of each type of bacteria to the total bacterial counts.\n\n\n2.6. Statistical Analysis\n\n\n \n\nTotal cytokine levels (pg/30 s \u00d7 four times; concentration of biomarkers in\nGCF collected four times) were ana- \nlyzed and reported for each cytokine. Non-parametric approaches were used\nbased on the distribution of the data. \nThe statistical significance of the differences in clinical parameters, GCF\nvolumes, and cytokine and chemokine \nlevels in the GCF samples between the two groups was determined using the\nMann-Whitney U test. In each case, \nthe level of significance was set at P < 0.05. The correlations between pairs\nof biomarkers were assessed using \nthe Spearman correlation relationship.\n\n\n \n\n# 3\\. Results\n\n\n \n\nThe clinical parameters of the GO and CP sites selected for sampling are shown\nin Table 1. The GO grade and \nthe PPD in the GO group were significantly decreased after initial periodontal\ntreatment. In addition, the PPD, \nCAL, and gingival index in the CP group were also significantly decreased.\n\n\n \n\nIn total, 12 of the 14 evaluated biomarkers were detectable within the range\nof the assay and were present in \nboth GO and CP sites (Table 2). Two of the 14 biomarkers (FGF-b, PDGF-bb) were\npartially or completely un- \ndetectable because their levels were too low for detection by the assay.\n\n\n \n\nThe markers detectable in both GO and CP sites were: the cell adhesion factor,\nICAM-1; the cell growth fac- \ntor, VEGF-A; and the inflammatory factors, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-12, MMP-13,\nIL-1\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, \nTGF-\u03b2, and TNF-\u03b1 (Table 2). IL-1\u03b2 and TGF-\u03b2 in the GO group were significantly\ndecreased after adjustment \nfor multiple comparisons using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < 0.05). No\nsignificant differences were found \nfor any of the biomarkers in the CP group. No significant differences in\nbiomarkers were observed at baseline \nwith intragroup comparison (Table 2).\n\n\n \n\nAt baseline, IL-1\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, and IL-8 levels in GO sites were relatively higher\nthan in CP sites. However, no \nsignificantly different markers were detected between before treatment for GO\nand before treatment for CP. The \ncorrelations between pairs of protein levels are displayed in Table 3.\nThirteen of 66 possible combinations \nshowed a tendency for a strong correlation: IL-1\u03b1/IL-1\u03b2, IL-1\u03b2/IL-8,\nIL-1\u03b2/MMP-3, IL-1\u03b2/TGF-\u03b2, IL-6/MMP-1, \nIL-6/MMP-3, IL-6/TNF-\u03b1, IL-8/MMP-3, IL-8/TNF-\u03b1, MMP-1/MMP-3, MMP-1/TGF-\u03b2,\nMMP-1/TNF-\u03b1, and \nMMP-3/TGF-\u03b2 (Table 3).\n\n\n \n\nTable 4 shows inter- and intragroup comparisons of subgingival bacterial\ncounts. The T. forsythia ratio (to\n\n\nTable 1. Clinical assessments in periodontitis patients before and 4 weeks\nafter treatments (mean \u00b1 SD).\n\n\n \n\nBefore vs. after: Wilcoxon signed-rank test; level of significance, P < 0.05.\nGO grade defined by Ingles et al. (New clinical index for drug-induced \ngingival overgrowth. Quintessence Int. 1999; 7: 467-73). PPD: Probing pocket\ndepth; CAL: Clinical attachment level; GI: Gingival index; BOP: \nBleeding on probing; Mo: Mobility of tooth; BL: bone loss by radiographic\nexamination.\n\n\n67\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3569711, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Table 3 Percentage of participants with treatment-<br>emergent adverse events by trial arm and type<br>(>15% in either group)</p>\n<br><table id='105' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Adverse event</td><td>MSC-NTF cells</td><td>Placebo</td></tr><tr><td>Headache and procedural headache</td><td>80.6</td><td>66.7</td></tr><tr><td>Back pain</td><td>72.2</td><td>8.3</td></tr><tr><td>Pyrexia</td><td>33.3</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Arthralgia</td><td>33.3</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Injection site pain</td><td>27.8</td><td>8.3</td></tr><tr><td>Constipation</td><td>25</td><td>8.3</td></tr><tr><td>Pain in extremity</td><td>22.2</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Neck pain</td><td>19.4</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Myalgia</td><td>16.7</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Cough</td><td>16.7</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Nausea</td><td>16.7</td><td>0</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Abbreviations: MSC = mesenchymal stem cell; NTF = neurotrophic factor.</p>\n<p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>week 12 (53% vs 0%; 95% CI of di\ufb00erence of proportions<br>28.1%\u201378.6%, p = 0.046, \ufb01gure 2D).</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Slow vital capacity</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Screening SVC was comparable in the MSC-NTF cells and<br>placebo groups (90.6 \u00b1 18.1 and 88.7 \u00b1 8.91, respectively).<br>Analysis of the changes in post-treatment compared to pre-<br>treatment slope and responder analyses with various thresh-<br>olds showed no signi\ufb01cant di\ufb00erences between the 2<br>treatment groups. No signi\ufb01cant treatment e\ufb00ects were noted<br>in the rapid progressors group.</p>\n<h1 id='110' style='font-size:20px'>Hand-held dynamometry</h1>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Comparison of muscle strength in the IM transplanted arm to<br>the noninjected arm, as measured by HHD, did not demon-<br>strate signi\ufb01cant side-to-side di\ufb00erence in HHD muscle<br>strength score slopes over 24 weeks.</p>\n<h1 id='112' style='font-size:20px'>CSF analyses</h1>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>CSF was collected pretransplant and 2 weeks post-transplant.<br>Only pretransplant and post-transplant paired samples were<br>analyzed. In total, 26 treated and 9 placebo CSF sample pairs<br>were available for analysis.</p>\n<h1 id='114' style='font-size:20px'>Neurotrophic factors</h1>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Levels of NTFs secreted by the MSC-NTF cells in vitro were<br>evaluated in the CSF. Average basal levels of vascular endo-<br>thelial growth factor (VEGF) were 37.1 \u00b1 15.8 pg/mL and 30.6<br>\u00b1 14.4 pg/mL (mean \u00b1 SEM) in treated and placebo partic-<br>ipants, respectively. Post-transplantation, the mean VEGF in-<br>crease in the treated participants was 629.8 \u00b1 243.3 (p = 0.016)<br>and \u22120.78 \u00b1 0.9 (p = 0.45) in placebo participants. Basal he-<br>patocyte growth factor (HGF) levels were high (treated</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>participants 391.1 \u00b1 115.9 pg/mL; placebo participants 448.4 \u00b1<br>146.3 pg/mL). Post-transplantation, HGF levels signi\ufb01cantly<br>increased in the MSC-NTF-treated participants (mean change<br>107.18 \u00b1 34.4; p = 0.004) while there was no change in those<br>receiving placebo (18.8 \u00b1 22.2; p = 0.42). Leukemia inhibitory<br>factor (LIF) was undetectable in the CSF prior to trans-<br>plantation and signi\ufb01cantly increased (12.33 \u00b1 3.23; p =<br>0.0008) post-transplantation in treated participants, while there<br>was no detectable LIF in the placebo group either pre-<br>transplantation or post-transplantation (\ufb01gure 3A).</p>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Inflammatory biomarkers</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1306842, "type": "html", "content": "<br><header id='61' style='font-size:18px'>PostedonAuthorea18Nov2020\u2014Thecopyrightholderistheauthor/funder.Allrightsreserved.Noreusewithoutpermission.\u2014https://doi.org/10.22541/au.160573332.23611391/v1\u2014Thisapreprintandhasnotbeenpeerreviewed.Datamaybepreliminary.</header>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>in the urinary mast cell mediators levels between the patients with NMIBC and healthy participants were<br>examined using the Mann\u2013Whitney U test. The relationship between the urinary mast cell mediator levels<br>and the patients\u2019 response to immunotherapy was also evaluated using the Mann\u2013Whitney U test. The serial<br>changes in the urinary mast cell mediators measured at four di\ufb00erent visits were analyzed by the Wilcoxon<br>signed-rank, Friedman, and Post-Hoc tests. A p-value of less than 0.05 was accepted as statistically signi\ufb01cant.</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Results</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The average age at the time of immunotherapy was 56.1 (37-79) years in patients diagnosed with NMIBC.<br>There were 13 men and 6 women. Fourteen patients were diagnosed with Ta high-grade and 5 with T1 high-<br>grade bladder cancer. There was no patient with carcinoma in situ. During the follow-up, while 18 patients<br>completed two-year maintenance BCG therapy, one underwent radical cystectomy. The cystoscopic evalua-<br>tions undertaken at three-month intervals revealed that 7 of 19 patients did not respond to immunotherapy<br>(non-responders), and 12 responded well (responders). Among the non-responders, recurrence was observed<br>in six patients and progression in one patient. The average time to recurrence or progression was 9.4 (3-18)<br>months. The mean age was 52.2 \u00b1 10.5 years in responders and 61.4 \u00b1 10.6 years in non-responders (p =<br>0.098). The remaining baseline clinicopathological \ufb01ndings are shown inTable 1 .</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The serial changes in estimated marginal means of urinary N-methylhistamine, histamine, and tryptase levels<br>in responders and non-responders are shown in Figure 1 . There was no statistically signi\ufb01cant di\ufb00erence<br>between the immunotherapy responders and non-responders in terms of the urinary N-methylhistamine,<br>histamine, and tryptase changes (p > 0.05). However, a statistically signi\ufb01cant increase was observed in<br>the estimated marginal means of urinary N-methylhistamine (p = 0.027) and histamine (p = 0.004) levels<br>measured at the second visit compared to the \ufb01rst visit in patients treated with BCG (Table 2 ). Although<br>there were no statistically signi\ufb01cant di\ufb00erences between the second and third visits (p = 0.053 and p =<br>0.26), a statistically signi\ufb01cant decrease was detected in the estimated marginal means of N-methylhistamine<br>levels measured last visit compared to the third visit (p = 0.013). Concerning the urinary tryptase levels, no<br>statistically signi\ufb01cant di\ufb00erences were obtained in terms of immunotherapy response and changes of urinary<br>tryptase levels at di\ufb00erent visits in patients treated with BCG (p > 0.05).</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The estimated marginal means of urinary N-methylhistamine, histamine, and tryptase levels measured at<br>the \ufb01rst visit before immunotherapy in patients with NMIBC and measured at a single visit in healthy<br>participants are given in Table 2 . There were no statistically signi\ufb01cant di\ufb00erences in the estimated marginal<br>means of urinary histamine (p = 0.307) and tryptase (p = 0.816) levels between the patients diagnosed with<br>NMIBC and healthy participants. However, the estimated marginal means of urinary N-methylhistamine<br>levels were signi\ufb01cantly higher in patients with NMIBC than healthy participants (p = 0.005).</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The mast cell response to initial intravesical BCG immunotherapy between BCG responders and non-<br>responders is also evaluated. The increase in the estimated marginal means of urinary N-methylhistamine<br>after initial BCG was 27.24 nmol/ml in responders and 41.51 nmol/ml in non-responders (p = 0.340). The<br>increase in the estimated marginal means of urinary histamine was 19.03 nmol/ml in responders and 27.64<br>nmol/ml in non-responders (p = 0.801). The increase in the estimated marginal means of urinary tryptase<br>was 5.21 nmol/ml in responders and 7.51 nmol/ml in non-responders (p = 0.108) (Figure 1).</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Discussion</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In the present study, we observed that urinary N-methylhistamine and histamine levels were increased<br>signi\ufb01cantly with the onset of immunotherapy, and N-methylhistamine levels were signi\ufb01cantly decreased<br>when immunotherapy was terminated. Although we did not \ufb01nd statistically signi\ufb01cant di\ufb00erences between<br>the responders and non-responders, the estimated marginal means of Pre-BCG N-methylhistamine were<br>signi\ufb01cantly higher in patients with NMIBC than healthy participants.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A few studies have shown valuable changes in the BCG-induced urinary immune microenvironment. In this<br>\ufb01eld, IL-17+ mast cell, interleukins, TNF-\u03b1, IFN-\u03b3, and soluble ICAM-1 levels have been examined [7, 12,<br>13]. But there is no available data in the literature that can determine mast cell activation in patients</p>\n<footer id='71' style='font-size:14px'>5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 204865, "type": "text", "content": "Neopterin for T. b. gambiense HAT Follow-up\n\n\nTable 2. Performance of the markers on the screening cohort.\n\n\n \n\nNumber of patients: 39 S2 relapsed vs. 39 S2 cured. \nSP%: specificity %; SE%: sensitivity%; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval. \nThe reported cut-off corresponds to the best combination of specificity and\nsensitivity obtained for each marker. \ndoi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002088.t002\n\n\n# Results\n\n\n \n\nFirst analysis - screening\n\n\n \n\nThe first analysis consisted in the evaluation of IgM, B2MG, \nCXCL10, CXCL13, MMP-9, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and neopterin \non a cohort of 97 patients.\n\n\n \n\nAccording to the AUC, neopterin and CXCL13 showed the \nhighest accuracy in discriminating S2 cured and S2 relapsed \npatients (Table 2). Neopterin showed a higher AUC, and both \nneopterin and CXCL13 showed higher sensitivity than the \ncounting of leukocytes.\n\n\n \n\nThe ability of neopterin and CXCL13 in following the disease \nprogression in the different categories of patients was further \nconfirmed through the kinetic profiles, where an increased \nconcentration of the two markers in relapsing patients was \nhighlighted (Supporting Figure S2).\n\n\nSecond analysis - verification\n\n\n \n\nPre-treatment evaluation of the markers. Neopterin and \nCXCL13 were investigated on a larger population comprising 242 \npatients (Table 1, Supporting Figure S1). Baseline characteristics \nof S2 patients, cured and relapsed, were first analysed to evaluate \nwhether they could already represent a risk of treatment failure \n(Table 3). An increased risk of relapse was associated with the \nreceived treatment and with the condition of being a primary case, \ni.e. never treated before for HAT. As these two conditions are \nstrictly associated (primary cases were preferentially treated with \nmelarsoprol), new relative risks were calculated after adjustment \nfor treatment. This analysis highlighted an increased risk of relapse \nfor patients presenting parasites in the CSF and a high count of \nWBC ($100/ml) at diagnosis.\n\n\n \n\nAt the time of the diagnosis, i.e. before treatment, the levels of \nneopterin and CXCL13 were higher in S2 patients, cured or \nrelapsed, compared to S1 (p value,0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test, \nfollowed by post-test paired comparison). Only neopterin was able \nto significantly discriminate (p,0.05) between cured S2 patients \nand relapsed S2 patients already at baseline with AUC of 60% \n(52.8\u201367.74 95% CI), while CXCL13 and WBC showed AUC of \n55% (49.2\u201361, 95%CI) and 56.8% (49.3\u201364.4), respectively. \nHowever, no significant differences were observed between the \nROC curves (DeLong\u2019s test for two correlated ROC curves) (data \nnot shown).\n\n\n \n\nWhen the best cut-offs for discrimination between S2 cured and \nrelapsed patients at baseline (neopterin 261.6 nmol/L and \nCXCL13 1734.1 pg/mL) were used to dichotomize the popula- \ntion, patients presenting high baseline levels of the markers were \nassociated to a significantly higher risk for treatment failure \n(Table 3).\n\n\n \n\nEvolution of the markers after treatment. A significant \ndecrease in CSF concentration of neopterin, CXCL13 and white \nblood cells was observed in all S2 patients after treatment (p \nvalue,0.0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired samples) (data \nnot shown).\n\n\n \n\nThe evolution of the two markers and of WBC during further \nfollow-up of HAT patients is represented in Figure 1. The levels of \nneopterin, CXCL13 and of WBC in S1 cured patients remained \nconstantly lower than in S2 patients. In late stage patients \nconfirmed to be cured at the end of the follow-up neopterin, \nCXCL13 and WBC reached levels comparable to those observed \nin S1 patients cured already 3 months after treatment (Figure 1).\n\n\n \n\nIn those patients experiencing a relapse, the levels of the two \nmarkers and of WBC, after having decreased following treatment \nadministration, started to increase at 3 months after treatment \nwhen 43 patients out of 105 already had a relapse or a probable \nrelapse. Similarly, higher median concentration of neopterin and \nCXCL13 were observed in relapsing patients 6 and 12 months \nafter treatment compared to cured S2 patients.\n\n\n \n\nROC curves were built to assess the performance of neopterin, \nCXCL13 and WBC count in discriminating between cured S2 \npatients and S2 patients having a relapse 3, 6 and 12 months after \ntreatment. Partial AUC (pAUC) between 90 and 100% of \nsensitivity and the best cut-off within this area were calculated \n(Table 4). When measured in the CSF taken 3 months after \ntreatment, neopterin and CXCL13 showed accuracy comparable \nto the one of WBC. However, six months after treatment, \nneopterin was a better predictor of the outcome than both \nCXCL13 and WBC with a negative likelihood ratio ,0.1 \nindicating a strong correlation between the levels of this marker \nand the ruling out of cured patients. At this time point, neopterin, \nat a CSF concentration of 28 nmol/L was able to correctly classify \nas cured 97 out of 111 patients, with only 5 false negatives. \nSimilarly, a WBC count of ,11 cells/mL could correctly predict \n90 out of 111 cured patients with 6 false negatives, while CXCL13 \ncould only predict 71 out of 111 cured patients.\n\n\nPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | www.plosntds.org\n\n\n \n4\n\n\n \nFebruary 2013 | Volume 7 | Issue 2 | e2088\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1355687, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Multicenter, Cohort Study. Infect Dis Ther. December 2020. doi:https://<br>doi.org/10.1007/s40121-020-00373-8<br>2. Rodr\u00edguez-Ba\u00f1o J. Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for<br>COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort<br>study (SAM-COVID-19). Clin Microbiol Infect. August 2020.<br>doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.08.010<br>3. Salvarani C. Effect of Tocilizumab vs Standard Care on Clinical<br>Worsening in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia.<br>JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181(1):24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/<br>jamainternmed.2020.6615<br>4. Veiga VC. Effect of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes at 15 days in<br>patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019: randomised con-<br>trolled trial. BMJ. January 2021:n84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n84<br>5. Hermine O. Effect of Tocilizumab vs Usual Care in Adults<br>Hospitalized With COVID-19 and Moderate or Severe Pneumonia.<br>JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181(1):32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/<br>jamainternmed.2020.6820<br>6. Stone JH. Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19.<br>N Engl J Med. October 2020:NEJMoa2028836. doi:https://doi.org/10.1056/<br>NEJMoa2028836<br>7. Salama C. Tocilizumab in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19<br>Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(1):20-30. doi:https://doi.org/10.<br>1056/NEJMoa2030340<br>8. Rosas IO. Preprint COVACTA. Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients<br>With COVID-19 Pneumonia. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/<br>2020.08.27.20183442v1.full.pdf. Published 2020.<br>9. McCreary EK. Covid-19 controversies: the tocilizumab chapter. BMJ.<br>January 2021:n244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n244</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>84</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Potential value of CRP, D-dimer, IL6 and lymphopenia as predictors<br>for tocilizumab efficacy in COVID-19<br>MD Antonio Caballero Bermejo1, MD, PhD Gustavo Adolfo Centeno<br>Soto1, MD Elena Diago Sempere1, MD Almudena Ramirez Garcia1,<br>MD, PhD Concepcion Payares Herrera1, MD Laura Javaloyes<br>Garachana1, MD, PhD Ana Fernandez Cruz2, MD, PhD Belen Ruiz<br>Antoran1, MD, PhD Aranzazu Sancho Lopez1<br>1Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Universitario Puerta De Hierro<br>Majadahonda, Madrid, Espa\u00f1a<br>2Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital<br>Universitario Puerta De Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Espa\u00f1a</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Introduction A systemic inflammatory response is observed in corona-<br>virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). Severe COVID-19 cases are marked<br>with excess cytokine production and a higher mortality rate (2,3). Several<br>biomolecules have been explored as possible biomarkers for outcome and<br>treatment response (4,5).<br>Objectives: We aimed to explore associations between CRP, D-dimer,<br>lymphopenia and IL6 levels and magnitude of tocilizumab effect on clin-<br>ical outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19.<br>Methods: We performed a multicentre retrospective cohort study in 18<br>tertiary hospitals in Spain from March to April 2020. Eligible patients<br>were hospitalised patients with documented pneumonia and severe but<br>non-critical respiratory failure: Brescia-COVID Scale score of 2, not in<br>Intensive Care Unit. Of these, patients who received tocilizumab therapy<br>according to clinical practice were assigned to the tocilizumab cohort,<br>whilst patients who did not were assigned to the control cohort.<br>Results: During the study period, 506 patients with severe COVID-19<br>fulfilled inclusion criteria. Among them, 268 were treated with toci-<br>lizumab and 238 patients were not. Global mortality was 23.7%.<br>Mortality was lower in patients treated with tocilizumab than in controls<br>(16.8% versus 31.5%, HR 0.51 (95CI 0.35-0.744), p<0.001) (6). Patients<br>with greater elevation of CRP have a positive effect with tocilizumab<br>treatment. In the group of patients with CRP> 75mg/l the mortality in<br>patients treated with tocilizumab was lower than in non-treated patients</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 946387, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='104' style='font-size:14px'>S120</header>\n<br><header id='105' style='font-size:14px'>Inflamm. Res., Supplement 2 (2006)</header>\n<p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>in Type II cells. Similar results were observed with SOD<br>and HO-1 protein expression as determined by western<br>blot analysis. PPAR-g is a member of the nuclear hor-<br>mone receptor superfamily of ligand activated transcrip-<br>tion factors and has been reported to reduce lung injury<br>associated with inflammation. Both alveolar macrophages<br>and Type II cells constitutively expressed PPAR-g<br>mRNA. Ozone inhalation caused a transient decrease in<br>PPAR-g mRNA in alveolar macrophages, but a rapid<br>increase in Type II cells. Stat-3 plays a critical role in<br>maintenance of surfactant homeostasis and lung function<br>during injury. Both alveolar macrophages and Type II<br>cells express Stat-3 mRNA constitutively. Exposure of<br>animals to ozone resulted in a rapid and persistent in-<br>duction of Stat-3 mRNA in both cell types. Taken toge-<br>ther our data demonstrated that acute ozone inhalation<br>results in augmentation of genes involved in the in-<br>flammatory response. Moreover, both alveolar macro-<br>phages and Type II cells may produce mediators that help<br>to limit the inflammatory response and maintain normal<br>lung homeostasis. Supported by ES04938, ES013520 and<br>ALA-NJ.</p>\n<h1 id='107' style='font-size:20px'>A158</h1>\n<p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sertaconazole Nitrate Exerts Its Anti-Inflammatory<br>Effects Through Heat Shock Protein 27</p>\n<h1 id='109' style='font-size:14px'>Runa Sur*, Jeffrey Babad and Michael Southall</h1>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Johnson & Johnson Consumer and Personal Products<br>Worldwide, Skillman, NJ</p>\n<p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sertaconazole nitrate is a broad spectrum antifungal<br>agent. In addition to its antifungal efficacy, recent studies<br>have shown that sertaconazole possesses intrinsic anti-<br>inflammatory activity thus having the potential of provi-<br>ding clinical benefit beyond fungus eradication. Our aim<br>is to investigate in detail the anti-inflammatory activity of<br>sertaconazole. In our studies we found that sertaconazole<br>inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines in<br>human keratinocytes. Interestingly, sertaconazole resul-<br>ted in the activation of p38 MAP kinase and its downst-<br>ream substrate heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in a dose<br>dependent manner both in the primary keratinocytes and<br>the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Because the p38<br>MAP kinase pathway is involved in the regulation of<br>COX-2 expression and subsequent release of the proin-<br>flammatory cytokine prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), we eva-<br>luated the effect of sertaconazole on PGE2 production in<br>the HaCaT keratinocytes. Sertaconazole induced both<br>TNF-a independent and dependent PGE2 production in<br>these cells. Knocking down hsp27 using siRNA in HaCaT<br>cells interestingly showed that sertaconazole resulted in a<br>greater dose dependent increase in PGE2 production<br>from these cells as compared to control siRNA transfec-<br>ted cells. This suggests that probably HSP27 regulates<br>PGE2 production in keratinocytes and sertaconazole ni-<br>trate exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by activating<br>HSP27 resulting in the downregulation of PGE2 pro-<br>duction and thus inflammation in these cells. These results<br>suggest that anti-fungal agents like sertaconazole have the<br>potential of being used to treat other inflammatory skin<br>diseases.</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A159</p>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>TSLP Blockade in a Dust Mite Antigen Induced Model<br>of Atopic Dermatitis in the NC/Nga Mouse</p>\n<p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D. Thompson*, D. Alcorn, E. Trueblood and J. Tocker</p>\n<p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Amgen Inc., Departments of Inflammation and Patho-<br>logy, Seattle, WA, USA</p>\n<p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Background</p>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a novel IL-7\u2013<br>like cytokine that has recently been implicated in the<br>pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and other allergic<br>diseases in humans. TSLP is highly expressed by kerati-<br>nocytes in AD lesions, but not in the lesional skin of pa-<br>tients with non-allergic inflammatory conditions. When<br>raised under non-sterile conditions the NC/Nga mouse<br>develops an AD like phenotype thus serving as an animal<br>model for human atopic like dermatitis.</p>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Methods</p>\n<p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In preliminary studies we have shown that dermal expo-<br>sure to 10ug of House Dust Mite Antigen (DMA) indu-<br>ced a local allergic dermatitis response in NC/Nga mice.<br>To assess the role of TSLP in this model, DMA treated<br>mice received an intravenous administration of a neu-<br>tralizing anti-TSLP mAb or a control mAb. Over the<br>course of several weeks of dermal DMA challenge and<br>anti-TSLP treatment ear thickness was periodically me-<br>asured. Terminal endpoints included total serum IgE le-<br>vels, dermal cytokine and chemokine regulation and his-<br>topathologic assessment.</p>\n<p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Results</p>\n<p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Anti-TSLP mAb treatment produced a dose-dependent<br>reduction in DMA-induced ear thickness compared to<br>control Ab treatment. Associated with the changes in ear<br>thickness was a reduction in DMA-induced lesional<br>severity as quantified by histopathologic methods. Low<br>density microarray assessment of skin samples from anti-<br>TSLP mAb-treated animals revealed a reduction in the<br>pro-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic mediators IL-1b, IL-6 and<br>TGFB1. TSLP blockade had no effect on total serum IgE<br>levels in NC/Nga AD mice.</p>\n<p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Conclusion</p>\n<p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>These data suggest that TSLP blockade could be a useful<br>therapy for the treatment of AD.</p>\n<p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A160</p>\n<p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Application of Proteomics in differentiating anti-arthritic<br>treatments in collagen induced arthritis model</p>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Maya K Vally*1, K Krishna Chaitanya1, Y Mahesh1, Ch<br>Madhurekha1, S. Ram Pillarisetti2, B Rajasekhar1</p>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Discovery Research, Dr. Reddy\u2019s Ltd, Hyderabad, India1<br>Reddy US Therapeutics, Atlanta, USA2</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A patient's initial sulfur toxin level was 'Mild', and after two months, it changed to 'Strong'. During the same period, the inflammation protein value changed from 1 to 3. Considering the rate of increase in both toxin and inflammation protein levels, determine which level posed a more rapid increase relative to its scale and implications for treatment focus.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 695, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2631604, "type": "text", "content": "# POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT\n\n\nPosition: Health Navigator/Care Coordinator, Care Management Services \nFunction: Responsible for the assessment and engagement of clients around\nhealth and wellness and the \ndevelopment of a comprehensive care plan.\n\n\n \n\nReports to: Director, Care Management Services\n\n\n \n\n# Tasks:\n\n\n\u2022 Develops rapport with clients in order to engage them in improving their\nhealth and wellness. \n\u2022 Administers standardized health and psychosocial risk screenings according\nto Health Home protocols and timeframes. \n\u2022 Utilizes health screenings to identify interventions and develop a\ncomprehensive care plan \n\u2022 Collaborates with members of the care team to identify needs and develop a\nplan to help client achieve optimal health \noutcomes. \n\u2022 Implements tasks outlined on the care plan and ensures follow up and\ncontinuity of care between client interactions. \n\u2022 Regularly reviews and updates the care plan to correspond with services\nbeing provided. \n\u2022 Documents all interventions and attempted contacts in the EHR in accordance\nwith program standards. \n\u2022 Works in collaboration with care providers to address Gaps in Care \n\u2022 Assesses domiciled client\u2019s living conditions by conducting home visits \n\u2022 Works with family members and other collaterals of the client\u2019s choice to\nfacilitate planning and delivery of care \n\u2022 Provides comprehensive transitional care following hospitalization events in\naccordance with ACMH Critical Time \nIntervention (CTI) Protocols. \n\u2022 Reviews new information and complex cases with PCP and multidisciplinary\nteam and incorporates recommendations into \nthe care plan. \n\u2022 Facilitates care delivery by scheduling appointments, obtaining necessary\ninformation, and arranging transportation. \n\u2022 Utilizes evidenced based practices, such as motivational interviewing, to\nempower clients to grow and attain goals. \n\u2022 Embraces the team model by collaborating with members of the team and\nproviding support as needed \n\u2022 Identifies community resources and makes referrals as needed. \n\u2022 Supports client goals and serves as an advocate on client\u2019s behalf \n\u2022 Administers CSD funds (Client Service Dollars) and submits required\ndocumentation \n\u2022 Regularly participates in team meetings and weekly clinical conference \n\u2022 Attends in-service training as requested \n\u2022 Duties as assigned by supervisor\n\n\n \n\nQualifications:\n\n\nAA degree in social services or related field and one year of experience\nproviding direct service OR a High School \ndiploma/GED with four years\u2019 experience in the human service field or nursing\nor CM/Service Coordination. Strong \nwritten and verbal communication skills. B.A. or M. A. preferred.\n\n\nS alary: $41,832 - $50,152 plus generous benefits\n\n\n \n\nEmail a resume, cover letter and contact information for 3 professional\nreferences to:\n\n\nSharon Royer \nDirector, Human Resources and Information Management \nEmail: jobs@acmhnyc.org\n\n\nACMH is committed to the mental and physical wellbeing of vulnerable New\nYorkers and is a leader in the provision of \noutreach and engagement, care management, rehabilitation, and supportive\nhousing.\n\n\nFor more information, visit our website: www.acmhnyc.org\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 97382, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='16' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>\u2022 Assist</td><td>associate director, executive director and housing navigator with monthly, semi, annual and as needed grant reports with emphasis on A Home of My Own permanent housing project.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>\u2022 Complete Initial Contact Forms, intake applications, interviews and intake process as needed/assigned. Provide Family Guest orientation into the FBFP network shelter program.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>\u2022 \u2022 Maintain Family Guest information and confidentiality.</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Provide coaching services t o f a m i l y g u e s t based on the A Home and</td><td>of My Own housing first model to acquire maintain permanent housing</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Assist Family Guest in leasing quality housing that their</td><td>meets financial and transportation needs. associate identify and</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022</td><td>Assist director, executive director and housing navigator to pursue opportunities with community partner for systemic change in order to increase housing opportunities. Outreach, visit and set appointments with community-based organizations, housing</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022</td><td>resources, and service providers to identify new and existing housing opportunities.</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Assist network a s s i \u2022</td><td>Family Guest in navigating through the of services offered by community programs w i t h s t a n c e t o w a r d s security deposits, moving expenses, housing insurance, administrative fees, etc. Build relationships with landlords and property owners to encourage proprietor participation. Work collaboratively with school districts, emphasis with LCISD, Needville ISD, FBISD, Stafford ISD, ISD, Katy ISD, city/state and community agencies to develop affordable housing opportunities for students are experiencing homelessness with their</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 etc., families.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Work collaboratively with school districts to enroll/establish McKinney mainstream services for YEP! Youth.</td><td>Vento and/or other school related</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Develop in partnership with Family Guest, clear and transparent</td><td>housing plans that identify and homelessness recidivism.</td></tr><tr><td>an</td><td>address barriers to finding housing with emphasis on eliminating As needed, transport Family Guest to host church/congregation, mainstream services appointments, school,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>extracurricular, youth empowerment events, medical appointments, etc.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>\u2022</td><td>Assist oversee</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 and coordinate with co-workers who other FBFP projects/program current for Fort</td><td>homeless numbers</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 stay County school student and contrast to HUD Care (COC) numbers.</td><td>Establish and connected with the data Bend district Continuum of</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Work with housing to coordinate Information System)</td><td>navigator complete and enrollment in the HMIS (Homeless Management</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Establish and stay connected with the current data for the (Point In Time) with HUD, Family Promise, philanthropic foundations, etc.</td><td>PIT</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Doug Earle</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Amy Lansford</p>\n<footer id='19' style='font-size:22px'>1 | P a g e</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 97383, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:14px'>Social Services:</h1>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Intake Assessment \u2013 Perform intake on prospective families.<br>\u2022 Complete drug/alcohol screens on prospective Family Guest, as needed.<br>\u2022 Provide professional housing navigation and case management services to help Family Guest acquire permanent housing.<br>\u2022 Meet with each level II Family Guest on a daily basis, four to five times a week would be preferred, to track progress.<br>\u2022 Assess family guest needs and work up a plan of action to acquire permanent housing.<br>\u2022 Assist with Initial Contacts and assist callers with information and referral to area of needed support.<br>\u2022 Impress and review with the Family Guest the importance of policies and procedures of FBFP network,<br>congregations/churches and community providers.<br>\u2022 Document Family Guest activity/incidences, and keep files up-to-date.<br>\u2022 Meet regularly with the program staff/supervisor/Executive Director/agency board/volunteers to review up-to-date<br>information on Family Guest progress and program operation.<br>\u2022 Enroll each adult Family Guest with a customized family plan to access community mainstream services.<br>\u2022 Assist and oversee daily as team the chore lists, volunteer applications, invoices, transportation schedules, YEP! Events,<br>communication with host congregations, marketing events, etc.<br>\u2022 Issue Program Review Infraction (PRI) Form to Family Guest, as needed, if not in compliance with Family Promise rules.<br>\u2022 Keep information regarding Family Guest confidential at all times.<br>\u2022 Complete initial length of stay in level II, housing extensions, transition paperwork, etc. to track Family Guest progress to<br>permanent housing.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Administrative</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Assist program staff with intakes and family progress/tracking<br>\u2022 Assist with clerical duties such as typing, mail-outs, databases, newsletter, and record keeping.<br>\u2022 As needed, assist and schedule volunteer appts, family guest appts, donation drop off/pick-ups,<br>meetings, etc. on the agency\u2019s calendar.<br>\u2022 Complete community services application as needed and enter in database.<br>\u2022 Be available to be in office to cover daily operations as needed.<br>\u2022 Answer phones greet visitors and accept donations with high friendly/customer service.<br>\u2022 Help dispense items from the food pantry to Family Guest, as needed.<br>\u2022 Supervise and assist Family Guest at day center.<br>\u2022 Take and complete an Initial Contact on each phone call or social media contact.<br>\u2022 Refer callers to other agencies or services<br>\u2022 Before leaving, be sure all equipment is off and unplugged, lights turned off, appliances unplugged, etc.<br>\u2022 House-cleaning chores are required such as empty office waste cans, sweeping staff area, organizing food<br>pantry/donation room, etc.</p>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:14px'>Knowledge, Skills and Abilities:</h1>\n<p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Bachelor degree in Social Work or related field of study preferred.<br>\u2022 Fluent in Spanish speaking, reading and writing preferred.<br>\u2022 Some college hours are required with a minimum of five (5) years in community service work/employment.<br>\u2022 Valid Texas driver license and clean driving record required.<br>\u2022 Knowledge of the Fort Bend County preferred with emphasis on Rosenberg/Richmond.<br>\u2022 Participate and represent FBFP as a member in a minimum of one (1) community meeting group required.<br>\u2022 Willingness to be creative and collaboratively work to solve issues and effectively with Family Guest required.<br>\u2022 Willingness to creatively and collaboratively to solve issues and work effectively with co-workers required.<br>\u2022 Flexibility to perform duties outside of your formal job description required.<br>\u2022 Drive to tackle difficult challenges and add value to both Fort Bend Family Promise and the communities is required.<br>\u2022 Commitment to help Fort Bend Family Promise be the most efficient and compassionate service agency possible required.<br>\u2022 A member of one (1) school based committee required.<br>\u2022 Participate and represent FBFP as a member in a one (1) youth oriented committee required.</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>E mail Resume to: VLJohnson.FBFamilyPromise@gmail.com or mail to:</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fort Bend Family Promise<br>c/o Vera L. Johnson, Executive Director<br>4645 Cartwright Road<br>Missouri City, Texas 77459</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Website: www.FortBendFamilyPromise.org</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>No Phone Calls Please</p>\n<footer id='30' style='font-size:18px'>2 | P a g e</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1172409, "type": "text", "content": "J ob Description \nJob Title \u2013 Housing Development Coordinator \nPage 2\n\n\n# O ther Duties:\n\n\n \n\nOther duties as assigned by the Executive Director. Please note, this job\ndescription is not designed \nto cover or contain a comprehensive listing of activities, duties or\nresponsibilities that are required of \nthe employee for this job. Duties, responsibilities, and activities may change\nat any time, with or \nwithout notice.\n\n\nE ducation and Experience:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Bachelor\u2019s degree preferred. \n\u2022 Minimum of four years preferred in the affordable housing industry. \n\u2022 Experience with the coordination of the creation of affordable housing\ndevelopments, \nincluding the relevant financial structuring (including, but not limited to,\nLIHTC, HUD, Rural \nDevelopment). \n\u2022 Flexible and open-minded about the scope of the role, as responsibilities\nmay expand or \nchange based on fluctuating business needs. \n\u2022 Experience building and maintaining relationships with vendors. \n\u2022 Experience in the understanding of financials and operations. \n\u2022 Proficiency in Microsoft Office applications along with experience with\nvarious housing \ndevelopment programs. \n\u2022 Well-developed interpersonal skills, time management and crisis management\nskills; \norganization and prioritizing abilities; attention to detail and accuracy;\nsound judgment and \nreasoning ability; excellent written and oral communications skills; and\nability to meet \ndeadlines.\n\n\n# W ork Conditions:\n\n\n \n\nThis job operates in a professional office environment. This role routinely\nuses standard office \nequipment such as computers, telephones, photocopiers, and filing cabinets.\nThis is a smoke-free \nenvironment.\n\n\n# P hysical Demands:\n\n\n \n\nWhile performing the duties of this job, the employee is regularly required to\ntalk and hear. The \nemployee frequently is required to stand, walk, use hands to finger, handle or\nfeel, and reach with \nhands and arms. The employee will be seated for long periods of time.\n\n\n# S upervisory Responsibilities:\n\n\n \n\nThe Housing Development Coordinator does not perform any supervisory duties.\n\n\n# F LSA Status: Exempt\n\n\nEffective Date 6/22/2021\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2985986, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(172,49); bottom-right:(390,139)\" /></figure>\n<table id='1' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Title: REST Program Navigator</td><td>Date Open: 06/22/2021</td><td>Date Closed: 6/29/21</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Program: Navigation Team / REST PROGRAM</td><td colspan=\"2\">Reports to: Navigation Team Program Manager</td></tr><tr><td>Hours: 30 Hours</td><td colspan=\"2\">Shifts: Daytime - Some Weekends</td><td>Hourly Rate: $19.50/hr. + Healthcare option after 60 days employment</td></tr></table>\n<br><table id='2' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Contact: Tarryn</td><td colspan=\"2\">Manager - tarryn.bieloh@iwshelter.org</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\"></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\">Bieloh: Program</td></tr><tr><td>Program Description:</td><td colspan=\"2\">The Navigation Team serves a wide range of functions including advocacy, case management, and peer counseling in order to increase social inclusion and retention in social services. The Navigation Team is dedicated to providing a bridge to more traditional services as an act of social justice and as a platform for strengthening community agency. The Interfaith Works REST pilot project begins with an initial 6 month partnership between Interfaith Works and Providence St. Peter Hospital. The project will provide a minimum of four dedicated 24/7 shelter beds complete with wrap around case management, hygiene services, and meals. The program is designed to offer patients experiencing homelessness the opportunity for additional time to heal from their acute medical issue, post-acute care, or acute flare-up of chronic health conditions. When referred by the appropriate healthcare provider staff, REST will provide a short-term (up to 30 days), safe, resource-rich environment in which to recover while engaging in community health support services to address basic needs, connection to primary care, and housing resources.</td></tr><tr><td>Position Description:</td><td colspan=\"2\">\u25cf Work alongside Providence to navigate appropriate referrals for respite beds for the REST program. \u25cf Maintain updated documents regarding REST referrals and updated availability for respite beds. \u25cf Assist patients in coordinating aftercare and relevant housing placements when available within their 30 day stay. \u25cf Coordinate with Providence Home Health workers, in-home caregivers, visitin providers, and community based volunteers to visit with and support REST guests. \u25cf Field referrals and closely follow the structures of intake acceptance when accepting guests into the REST program. \u25cf Maintain phone communications with REST clients and community partners during on-call hours and/or when off-site.</td></tr><tr><td>Essential Functions:</td><td colspan=\"2\">\u25cf Attend all required continued education trainings, bi-monthly supervision as well as case conferencing and operations meetings. \u25cf Hold strict and clear boundaries on discharge requirements for admission to the REST program. \u25cf Maintain positive and collaborative relationships with Providence and other service providers. \u25cf Maintain close communication with other members of the IFW team, including on-site managers, REST staff, and other Nav Team members. \u25cf Manage paperwork requirements in a neat and timely manner. \u25cf Comply with and maintain current knowledge of grant and program requirements.</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1622756, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>C om m unity Ac tion Coa lition for Sou th Ce n tra l</p>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:20px'>Wis c ons in</h1>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:20px'>T asks and Duties:<br>Leadership and Coordination (50%)</h1>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Assess community needs and support coordination of CAC program and services.<br>\u2022 Provide intense case management, information and referrals, housing location<br>assistance, advocacy, mediation, coaching or training, and assist in the forging of strong<br>linkages between participant and other social service organizations as well as follow-up.<br>Coordinate individual participant services with other agencies, as needed, including<br>groups specializing in domestic abuse issues, AODA treatment, parenting skills, mental<br>health, physical well-being and employment and training.<br>\u2022 Leverage, link and access community resources for household members with instruction<br>on how they can access services on their own.<br>\u2022 Maintains working knowledge of CAC programs and services reporting requirements.</p>\n<h1 id='26' style='font-size:20px'>P rogram Compliance and Quality Improvement (10%)</h1>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Work with a team to realize and exceed program goals.<br>\u2022 Assure the collection, compilation, maintenance and distribution of accurate data and<br>information on participants.<br>\u2022 Maintain accurate records, logs, files and statistics. Document contacts with<br>participants, weekly achievement plans, goals set, goals met and the need for new or<br>on-going services.<br>\u2022 Maintain up-to-date information regarding welfare reform, public assistance programs,<br>health insurance availability, employment and training programs, employment<br>opportunities, child care, independent living skills, parenting resources, transportation<br>or programs, housing assistance programs, listing of affordable housing units, and<br>trends and issues impacting people affected by poverty, homeless persons or families in<br>crisis.</p>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:20px'>P rofessionalism and Outreach (10%)</h1>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Represent CAC on local community work groups and coalitions.<br>\u2022 Develop and maintain a community partnerships to advance the mission of CAC.<br>\u2022 Support agency fund development campaigns.<br>\u2022 Design and support an equitable client intake process.<br>\u2022 Maintain scheduled hours at program site.<br>\u2022 Attend agency meetings and training sessions.<br>\u2022 Prepare and submit timely reports as required by the funding source<br>\u2022 Perform other related duties as requested by supervisor.</p>\n<footer id='30' style='font-size:14px'>Page 3 of 5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 97381, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Position: Housing Navigator Assistant</p>\n<br><figure><img id='1' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(29,44); bottom-right:(148,189)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Salary/Working Hours: Non-exempt position approximately up to 30 hours per week. However, the<br>housing navigator assistant must be flexible and willing to offer program support as needed on nights and<br>weekends. Reports to the Associate Director. No employee supervision. No direct budget responsibility.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Days/Hours: Sunday \u2013 Saturday; up to 30hrs week<br>Primary Location: FBFP East Campus Location: 4645 Cartwright Road, Missouri City, TX<br>77459</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>2019 FBFP<br>Board of<br>Trustees</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Mike Brown<br>Board Chair</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Job Description: Fort Bend Family Promise (FBFP) assists children who are experiencing homelessness with their<br>parents and/or family members. FBFP believe housing is the basis of stability and plays a vital role in helping Family<br>Guest attain and sustain self- sufficiency. As a housing navigator assistant, this position will leverage your passion for<br>public service to help Family Guest find affordable and safe housing in great neighborhoods throughout the county of<br>Fort Bend and surrounding counties. The housing navigator assistant will work closely with the housing navigator<br>from the FBFP West campus, Fort Bend County and surrounding counties personnel, landlords, realtors, brokers,<br>social media, housing databases and organizations that have an interest in housing permanency and expansion for<br>family guest of Fort Bend Family Promise.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Responsibilities Include:</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Jim Usckrat<br>Vice President</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Raquel P. Smith<br>Secretary</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ed Brasher<br>Treasurer</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Karen Jennings</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Tipton</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lauren North</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>LaTrease Price-<br>Gistard</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Tim Quill</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2627578, "type": "text", "content": "\u2022 Manage and build processes to optimize Guest Services initiatives such as\ncoat check, lost and found, \nweekly guest programming, and other guest offerings \n\u2022 Oversee guest feedback and initiate ways to continually improve services \n\u2022 Seek opportunities to introduce new processes and programs to serve our\nguests \n\u2022 Administer the gift card operating system, including inventory and sales \n\u2022 Oversee and manage the Guest Service team to ensure daily tasks are\ncompleted \n\u2022 Manage the upkeep of the Guest Services space \n\u2022 Prepare monthly Guest Services reports \n\u2022 Manage the community event space and all bookings \n\u2022 Work with the marketing team on programming, events, initiatives, and\nretailer collaborations \n\u2022 Assist with special projects and other duties as required\n\n\n# Q ualifications\n\n\nR equired Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Strong guest experience focus \n\u2022 Exceptional interpersonal communication, both verbal and written \n\u2022 Superior interpersonal and relationship building skills \n\u2022 Demonstrated leadership \n\u2022 High level of problem-solving and conflict resolution skills \n\u2022 Organized and able to complete tasks with efficiency \n\u2022 Detail-oriented with a can-do attitude\n\n\nR equired Training and Experience\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Minimum 2-3 years experience in a Guest Services role \n\u2022 Experience leading a team \n\u2022 Retail and hospitality experience is preferred \n\u2022 Advanced working knowledge of MS Office Applications \n\u2022 Undergraduate degree is an asset\n\n\n# W orking Conditions\n\n\nT he successful candidate may expect a comfortable and collaborative work\nenvironment at The City of \nLougheed Shopping Centre, a SHAPE managed property located in Burnaby. Due to\nthe nature of this role, \nthe candidate may be required to work weekends or extended hours as necessary.\n\n\nT o apply, please visit our website at http://shapeproperties.com/careers\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 97384, "type": "html", "content": "<footer id='31' style='font-size:14px'>3 | P a g e</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1622751, "type": "text", "content": "C om m unity Ac tion Coa lition for Sou th Ce n tra l\n\n\n \n\n# Wis c ons in\n\n\n# T asks and Duties: \nLeadership and Coordination (50%)\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Assess community needs and support coordination of CAC program and services. \n\u2022 Provide intense case management, information and referrals, housing location \nassistance, advocacy, mediation, coaching or training, and assist in the\nforging of strong \nlinkages between participant and other social service organizations as well as\nfollow-up. \nCoordinate individual participant services with other agencies, as needed,\nincluding \ngroups specializing in domestic abuse issues, AODA treatment, parenting\nskills, mental \nhealth, physical well-being and employment and training. \n\u2022 Leverage, link and access community resources for household members with\ninstruction \non how they can access services on their own. \n\u2022 Maintains working knowledge of CAC programs and services reporting\nrequirements.\n\n\n# P rogram Compliance and Quality Improvement (10%)\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Work with a team to realize and exceed program goals. \n\u2022 Assure the collection, compilation, maintenance and distribution of accurate\ndata and \ninformation on participants. \n\u2022 Maintain accurate records, logs, files and statistics. Document contacts\nwith \nparticipants, weekly achievement plans, goals set, goals met and the need for\nnew or \non-going services. \n\u2022 Maintain up-to-date information regarding welfare reform, public assistance\nprograms, \nhealth insurance availability, employment and training programs, employment \nopportunities, child care, independent living skills, parenting resources,\ntransportation \nor programs, housing assistance programs, listing of affordable housing units,\nand \ntrends and issues impacting people affected by poverty, homeless persons or\nfamilies in \ncrisis.\n\n\n# P rofessionalism and Outreach (10%)\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Represent CAC on local community work groups and coalitions. \n\u2022 Develop and maintain a community partnerships to advance the mission of CAC. \n\u2022 Support agency fund development campaigns. \n\u2022 Design and support an equitable client intake process. \n\u2022 Maintain scheduled hours at program site. \n\u2022 Attend agency meetings and training sessions. \n\u2022 Prepare and submit timely reports as required by the funding source \n\u2022 Perform other related duties as requested by supervisor.\n\n\nPage 3 of 5\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering the Housing Navigator Assistant's responsibilities require them to coordinate housing plans and transport Family Guests, what skills and logistical considerations must be prioritized to complete these tasks effectively over a given work week?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 698, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 574856, "type": "text", "content": "# \\- 4 -\n\n\n \n\nDuring Holy Week, the Liturgy of \nthe Presanctified Gifts is to be cele- \nbrated Monday, Tuesday and Wednes- \nday. On Holy Thursday evening, Ves- \npers with Divine Liturgy of St. Basil \nthe Great should be celebrated. On \nGood Friday, March 25, which is also\n\n\n \n\n# Lenten Services \u2014 Have You Attended Yet?\n\n\n \n\nFour weeks of Great Lent are now \nover. Two more to go until Flowery \n(Palm) Sunday and Holy Week. Have \nyou made the effort to come to church \nfor our weekday Lenten services? This\n\n\n \n\nthe Feast of the Annunciation, spe- \ncial services which include the Divine \nLiturgy are to be celebrated. On Holy \nSaturday evening, Vespers with the \nDivine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great is \nto be celebrated.\n\n\nThere will be several priests hearing \nconfessions on Saturday, March 19, \n2016\\. This will be the FINAL opportu-\n\n\n \n\n# Easter Confessions\n\n\n \n\nweek offers several golden opportuni- \nties for you to come to church. Make \nit your plan to attend more of these \nservices before Easter. Take extra care \nabout your spiritual well-being!\n\n\nFlowery (Palm Sunday) is just two \nweeks away! Once again this year, \nwe turn to our Parishioners for help in \nprocuring our pussy-willows. If you \nhave any bushes, please share them\n\n\n \n\n# Pussy-Willow Watch\n\n\n \n\nnity to go to confession before Easter. \nAs usual, confessions will be heard at \nboth 10:30 am and 2:00 pm.\n\n\nwith us. You can either bring them in \nor arrangements can be made to have \nthem picked up. Thank you in advance \nfor your generosity.\n\n\n# T-Shirts PRINTED with SS. Cyril\u2019s logo.\n\n\n \n\nWe have not met the minimum or- \nder for St. Cyril T-shirts. The T-shirts, \nPRINTED with Ss. Cyril and Metho- \ndius Ukrainian Catholic Church, and \n3-bar Cross. (same logo as the Embroi- \ndery Polo Shirts) It will be in adult siz-\n\n\n \n\nes, 50 Poly/50 Cotton, short sleeves, in \nany color (suggestion: turquoise, black, \nnavy, pink, yellow etc If additional \norders are placed by February 18 you \ncan have the T-shirts to wear for Eas- \nter. Make checks out to Saint Cyril and\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3396383, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='30' style='font-size:16px'>3.14.2021 Bulletin</header>\n<br><header id='31' style='font-size:16px'>3</header>\n<br><h1 id='32' style='font-size:20px'>Weekdays Masses</h1>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Monday, March 15: No Mass. Pastor\u2019s day off.<br>Tuesday, March 16 at 12:05 p.m.:</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\uf056 Jim George Sr. by Lou & Charlotte Khourey<br>\uf056 Susie Fadoul by Peggy Bentz Bergeron<br>\uf056 Sylvia Long, her husband Arthur, & her son Mark by her last will</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Wednesday, March 17: No Mass. Pastor\u2019s office work<br>Thursday, March 18 at 12:05 p.m.:</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\uf056 Anna Marie McGlumphy (Anniversary) by Jerry McGlumphy and Children<br>\uf056 Living & Deceased of Tom & Judy Brock<br>\uf056 Larry Fulwider by his niece GiGi Harb Rice (OH)</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>5th Friday of Lent. March 19 at 5:30 p.m.: Saint Joseph Feast Day. Mass followed by Stations and</p>\n<br><h1 id='38' style='font-size:16px'>Benediction</h1>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\uf056 Philip Hankish by Earl & Linda Duffy<br>\uf056 Susie Fadoul by Earl & Linda Duffy<br>\uf056 Living & Deceased of Tom & Judy Brock, Jr.</p>\n<br><h1 id='40' style='font-size:20px'>Next Weekend, March 20-21: Sunday of the Blind Man</h1>\n<br><h1 id='41' style='font-size:16px'>Saturday, March 20 at 4:00 p.m.:</h1>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\uf056 Rosella Saseen, parents Nancepe & Helen, grandparents Shikrey & Helen Saseen by her Will<br>\uf056 Living & Deceased of Tom & Judy Brock, Jr.<br>\uf056 Larry Fulwider by his niece GiGi Harb Rice (OH)</p>\n<br><h1 id='43' style='font-size:16px'>Sunday, March 21 at 10:30 a.m.:</h1>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\uf056 Betty Abraham, Clara Carter and Evelyn Goodson by Jean Weisner & Family<br>\uf056 John T. & Cecilia John by Ron & Susan (John) Burns<br>\uf056 Deceased of the Cater Family by Dr. Maryann Cater<br>\uf056 Josephine Weidman (Birthday) by her daughter Anne Goist</p>\n<br><h1 id='45' style='font-size:20px'>P alm Sunday Program (Saturday-Sunday, March 27-28)</h1>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>On Palm Sunday, we commemorate Christ\u2019s entry into Jerusalem where people came out to meet Him and<br>shout, \u201cHosanna,\u201d \u201cSave us, O Lord.\u201d On that day, we bless palm branches (symbol of victory), and we process<br>inside the church to welcome Christ as the King of our life.<br>Processions: The palms will be blessed during both Masses and distributed. We will have a procession with<br>the children inside the church in every Mass. Please bring your children and grandchildren and let us welcome<br>Christ the King in our hearts with the shouts of \u201cHosannas.\u201d<br>Saturday, March 27 at 4:00 p.m.: Mass & Procession with Palms<br>Sunday, March 28 at 10:30 a.m.: Mass & Procession with Palms</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Passion Week & Easter Masses Schedule<br>Monday March 29 at 5:30 p.m.: Rite of the coming to the Harbor & Mass (No Stations of the Cross)<br>Tuesday March 30 at 5:30 p.m.: Rite of the Coming to the Harbor & Mass (No Stations of the Cross)<br>Wednesday March 31 at 5:30 p.m.: Rite of the Lamp & Mass (No Stations of the Cross)<br>Thursday of the Mysteries, April 1 at 5:30 p.m.:<br>Mass of the Lord\u2019s Supper & Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament<br>Good Friday, April 2:<br>No Morning or Evening Mass Today in All Catholic Churches</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>10:30 a.m.: Anaphora of the Signing of the Chalice (No Mass)</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53652, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='98' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(74,70); bottom-right:(1202,246)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>FOOD PANTRY DONATIONS<br>ITEMS MOST NEEDED:</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Canned meat/fish, soups/stews,<br>fruit, pasta/rice, cereal, cereal bars<br>Extras: Toilet Paper<br>Donations go to St. Raymond\u2019s Food<br>Pantry Downtown. If you are in need of<br>assistance in Crestwood, please call the<br>help line below, and someone will<br>return your call in the next 24 hours:</p>\n<br><h1 id='101' style='font-size:22px'>St. Vincent DePaul</h1>\n<br><h1 id='102' style='font-size:22px'>Help Line:<br>314-289-6101 Ext. 2274</h1>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>COMMUNION CALLS<br>& HOME VISITS</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>If you are sick or homebound and<br>would like a Communion minister to<br>come to your home, please let us<br>know! If you could use a helping<br>hand with household tasks or a visi-<br>tor to chat, please contact the office<br>to get in touch: (314) 968-0760 or<br>email deacon Bill<br>WilliamMeister@archstl.org</p>\n<p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ETERNAL REST GRANT UNTO<br>THEM, O LORD</p>\n<br><table id='106' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>\uf056 Inzar Beshara</td><td>3-21-2021</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Esther Nassif</td><td>2-23-2021</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Joyce Webbe</td><td>2-12-2021</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Mary Jane Simon</td><td>2-9-2021</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Madeleine Crowe</td><td>1-19-2021</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Patricia Deiters</td><td>1-13-2021</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 William Perkins</td><td>12-28-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Daniel I Hurley</td><td>11-28-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Thomas Deiters</td><td>11-4-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Marie Holley</td><td>10-25-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Loretta Linder</td><td>9-28-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Rajaa Haddad</td><td>9-15-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Patricia Skinner</td><td>9-2-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Maurice Safar</td><td>8-11-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Souad Batanian</td><td>7-31-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Walid Badra</td><td>7-29-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Josephine Bender</td><td>7-11-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Catherine Haman</td><td>6-10-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Jean Louis</td><td>5-16-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Melissa Haman</td><td>5-9-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Donald Behiter</td><td>5-9-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Dallis Koch</td><td>5-7-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Josephine Klein</td><td>5-6-2020</td></tr><tr><td>\uf056 Theresa McDermott</td><td>5-5-2020</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='107' style='font-size:22px'>FAITH SERIES</h1>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Everyone is invited to join us after the 8:00 AM Mass every Thurs-<br>day in the Fr Edwards Hall to watch a video followed by a short dis-<br>cussion. We are just beginning Bishop Barron's series on Catholi-<br>cism, which will be followed by one on Sacraments.</p>\n<br><h1 id='109' style='font-size:22px'>R ELIGIOUS EDUCATION ZOOM CLASSES</h1>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Each Sunday at 9:30am, Susan Dubois leads Faith and Heritage<br>religious education classes over Zoom at 9:30am.<br>Children in grades 2-5 are welcome.<br>You can join with the following link (or contact Fr. John or Fr. Pat-<br>rick to send the link over email):<br>https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88340876069?<br>pwd=dnk0NzBmNGwrRUVwRDhvQzdvbjRlUT09</p>\n<br><h1 id='111' style='font-size:22px'>C ARITAS LEBANON</h1>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Giving and Helping/Sponsoring a family in need<br>for a year 2021. www.CaritasLebanon.org</p>\n<br><figure><img id='113' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1018,624); bottom-right:(1197,716)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='114' style='font-size:22px'>M EETINGS (ZOOM)</h1>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0aaYoung Adults - Thursday March 25, at 7pm<br>https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85655787890<br>pwd=SnJBVDJaR2p2S29XRW04Y1hwT0g5QT09</p>\n<br><h1 id='116' style='font-size:22px'>S CHOLARSHIP</h1>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Applications are available in the church foyer and online,<br>St. Raymond Maronite Cathedral: Scholarships (straymond-mc.org)</p>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>S ave the Date!<br>The Run for Life and Learning,<br>benefiting Birthright STL,<br>is June 5!</p>\n<p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Join us for the in-person, socially-distanced event at Creve Coeur<br>Lake on June 5. Or participate on your own anywhere, any time<br>from June 1 through June 6.<br>To register or donate, visit runsignup.com/run4lifeandlearning.<br>Please contact us at run4lifeandlearning@gmail.com for sponsor-<br>ship opportunities. Proceeds enable women who are financially<br>stressed by an unplanned pregnancy to continue their education.</p>\n<br><h1 id='120' style='font-size:22px'>M ASKS ARE REQUIRED AT ALL TIMES</h1>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We are so happy to see many of you coming back to<br>Church after a very long time! We thank the Lord that<br>things are getting better. But for now, we ask you to<br>keep your masks on and follow the restrictions.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='122' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1054,1368); bottom-right:(1201,1573)\" /></figure>\n<br><footer id='123' style='font-size:14px'>- 5 -</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53653, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='124' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(81,89); bottom-right:(1195,1540)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3606231, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='23' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td colspan=\"3\">LENTEN PENANCE SERVICES 2019</td></tr><tr><td>Monday, March 18</td><td>St. Joseph\u2019s Church, Kennewick</td><td>7:00 p.m.</td></tr><tr><td>Wednesday, April 3</td><td>St. Patrick Parish, Pasco (Bilingual)</td><td>7:00 p.m.</td></tr><tr><td>Thursday, April 4</td><td>St. Patrick Parish, Pasco (Bilingual)</td><td>7:00 p.m.</td></tr><tr><td>Monday, April 8</td><td>Christ the King Parish, Richland</td><td>7:00 p.m.</td></tr><tr><td>Monday, April 15</td><td>Parish of the Holy Spirit, Kennewick</td><td>7:00 p.m.</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>STEWARDSHIP: Today\u2019s first reading describes the of-<br>fering of first fruits the people of Israel were to present<br>to the Lord in thanksgiving for their deliverance from<br>Egypt and the gift of the promised land. Is my offering at<br>today\u2019s Mass an appropriate response to the many<br>blessings the Lord has given me?</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>March 3: $17,580.18 Recorded givers: 164</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Thanks for your giving of time, talent and treasure.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ALTAR SERVERS NEEDED: Serving at the altar of God is a<br>true privilege! There are opportunities for all adults, as well as<br>young people of our parish in grades 4 through 12, to train to<br>serve in this important way. Those in grade 3 may also be con-<br>sidered after speaking with Zack Rinderer. If you are interested,<br>please call Zack Rinderer at 582-2543.</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ALMS DINNER MARCH 16: One Lenten practice is to give<br>alms. The Knights of Columbus are giving you an opportunity<br>to support important causes while enjoying a free spaghetti din-<br>ner together Saturday, March 16. Doors open at 6:00 p.m.,<br>dinner is served at 6:45 p.m. Alms donations will support the<br>Tri Cities Food Bank, the Paradise, California Catholic Com-<br>munity (wildfire victims), and parish summer youth activities.<br>Irish songs sing-a-long should be fun! If you wish to make your<br>contribution tax deductible, make your check payable to Parish<br>of the Holy Spirit.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Holy Spirit Council of the Knights of Columbus currently spon-<br>sors Men's Small Groups on Thursday evenings at 7:00 p.m.<br>and Friday mornings at 9:15 a.m. in Room 9 of the Parish Com-<br>munity Center. These groups are open to all men.<br>A new group meeting during Lent is called Dinner for 8. Four<br>couples gather at a restaurant or home of their choice for a<br>meal, fellowship, and bible study.<br>Please contact Roger Willis at 531-5770 or Deacon Ken Ellis at<br>948-4355 for more information or to sign up.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>WEEKLY MASS INTENTIONS<br>All dates are tentative.<br>Monday, March 11, Jesse L. Stultz<br>Tuesday, March 12, Bishop Tyson<br>Wednesday, March 13, Mary Beth Casazza<br>Thursday, March 14, Lucy Luginbill<br>Friday, March 15, Krista Sandness RIP<br>Saturday, March 16, Lu, Mary & Joseph Stein RIP</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Sunday morning Mass is normally offered for the people of the parish.</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Please pray for the repose of the soul of Bev Mitchell.<br>May she rest in peace with the Lord.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To have your need added to our parish prayer phone chain, please call<br>Adele Ogryzek at 627-0201. To have your need added to the list which is<br>published in the bulletin once each month, please call the parish office.</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>You are invited to attend the following special Masses, each to<br>be celebrated by Bishop Tyson at 5:30 p.m. in the Chapel at St.<br>Paul Cathedral, 15 South 12th Avenue in Yakima.<br>Tuesday, March 12: White Mass for all doctors, medical pro-<br>fessionals and those serving in the health profession.<br>Tuesday, March 19: Blue Mass for all first responders; fire,<br>police, and emergency vehicle responders.<br>Tuesday, March 26: Red Mass for all in the legal profession<br>and government service.</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ADORERS NEEDED: Committed adorers are needed every<br>Friday from 8:30 \u2013 9:00 a.m. and 3:30 \u2013 4:30 p.m. (at least one at<br>each of these times). Will you help? Contact Liz Friedrich at<br>783-6223. Friday Funerals: Adoration is still scheduled but is<br>closed around the time of the funeral. Father Auve and Liz con-<br>fer on the time to close and open, and then Liz calls the adorers<br>affected and sends an email to all other adorers (including subs)<br>to keep them informed. Snow or other surprises: If some or all<br>of Friday Adoration is canceled due to snow or for some other<br>unexpected reason, Liz calls the adorers affected and sends an<br>email notice. Please plan to be at Adoration unless you\u2019ve<br>been contacted with other instructions. Thank you.</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PLEASE KEEP IN PRAYER: FOR OUR SICK: B.J. Bacon (relative of Troy and Emma Bacon); Vilda Mazarello (mother of Zena Vaz); Carmel O\u2019Shea (relative<br>of Fr. O\u2019Shea); Aidan Rombaugh (grandchild of Carl & Fran Rombaugh); George Rose (parishioner, husband of Mickey); Ray Eberth (parishioner, husband of<br>Julie); Jenny Davis (daughter of Jane Hertelendy); Jaime Picker (parishioner); Denise Gonzales (sister of Pam Thurman); Alma Belisle (mother of Deacon Ron<br>Mertens); Ron King (parishioner); Carol Thomas (parishioner); Kathy Cox (parishioner); Joseph Falsia (brother-in-law of Camille Henneberry); Lupita Holquin-<br>Strothers (parishioner); Eleanor Ferreira (parishioner, wife of Frank); Kathleen Zimbehl (parishioner); Virgil Warren (parishioner); Elizabeth Ashby<br>(parishioner); Alex Windsor (nephew of Beth Brown); Ann Marmo (mother of Pat and Dee Marmo); Valorie Sampson (sister of Belinda Roberts); Des and Julia<br>Cronnelly (brother-in-law and sister of Jim Cummins); Quintin and Sage Caldier (granddaughters of Deacon Ron Mertens); Rosa Maria Santos; Christopher<br>Meacham (parishioner); Serina Walter (niece of Rebecca Mitchell), Rick Kippes (parishioner); Karin Blomberg (parishioner); Donovan Ziegler (brother of Bill<br>Ziegler); Beth Brown (parishioner); Lorraine Ramirez (niece of Dru Squires), Fran Rombaugh (parishioner); Theresa Barnaby (parishioner); Andy Ziegler<br>(brother of Bill Ziegler), Danika Whitsett (daughter of Dan Whitsett); Jim Gazewood (parishioner); Marlin Friedrich (parishioner); Debbie Tavernaro<br>(parishioner); Jack Henneberry (parishioner); Luke Danielson (parishioner); Darsi Hilty (parishioner); Mary Jane Royack (parishioner); Nick Stevens<br>(parishioner); Maddy Eerkes (granddaughter of Rob and Kristi Privette); Sr. Mary Clair Boland; James Ellis (son of Deacon Ken and Cindy Ellis).</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>If you wish to add a prayer need to this list, please call the parish office at 735-8558.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1873494, "type": "html", "content": "<br><figure><img id='31' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"July 24 & 25\nLector\n4:00 PM (SPC) T Suttle\n8:30 AM (B) S Nikishin\n10:30 AM (SPC) C Sbaraglia\nExtraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion\n4:00 PM (SPC) M Vaughn, D Becherer\n8:30 AM (B) V & B Calzola\n10:30 AM (SPC) M Moriarty, B Nieschwitz\nServers\n4:00 PM (SPC) B & A Becherer\n8:30 AM (B) M & J Nikishin\n10:30 AM (SPC) R Laubacher\nC antor: R Bazzoli\nJuly 31 & August 1\nLector\n4:00 PM (SPC)\n8:30 AM (B) E DeChellis, Jr.\n10:30 AM (SPC) D Smith\nExtraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion\n4:00 PM (SPC) B Hart, B Wenger\n8:30 AM (B) J & L Clancy\n10:30 AM (SPC) D Moeglin, S Peffer\nServers\n4:00 PM (SPC) M Greenhill, A Becherer\n8:30 AM (B) M & J Nikishin\n10:30 AM (SPC) R Laubacher\nC antor: R Bazzoli\nIf you have questions about the ministry schedule, please contact Greg or Chris-\ntine Sbaraglia or Bobby Sullivan.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(652,94); bottom-right:(1216,960)\" /></figure>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Intentions of Pope Francis<br>Social Friendship</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We pray that, in social, economic and political situa-<br>tions of conflict, we may be courageous and passionate<br>architects of dialogue and friendship.</p>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:20px'>Prayer Line</h1>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Prayer intentions are submitted by calling the prayer<br>line - 330-454-8044 x 306.</p>\n<h1 id='36' style='font-size:20px'>Cemetery Hours</h1>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sunday - Friday, 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM<br>Saturday, 8:00 AM to 12:00 Noon.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 330400, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:20px'>Parish Happenings>>></h1>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Faith Formation 2021 \u2013 2022</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Furniture & Fixtures<br>Available</p>\n<br><figure><img id='23' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(806,165); bottom-right:(912,301)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We are now acception registration for the K \u2013 8 Faith Formation Program. Grades 7<br>and 8 will begin Confirmation preparation. As such, those grades are required in<br>order to receive Confirmation. For any of our grades, if you did not receive a<br>registration form through email, you can either call the Parish Office or you can find<br>a link on our website to register.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Parish Office is open daily from 9am \u2013 2pm. You can also follow this link to register:<br>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1PjOsKYHw3EWdQaSTbvkeqphnexmcoQQ8clzi<br>h7HpP64/edit You can complete the form and return your paperwork to the Parish<br>Office.</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We are doing the final</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Youth Ministry has updated their website!<br>FISH Website</p>\n<br><figure><img id='28' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(101,442); bottom-right:(205,563)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Here you will find the latest information on our Confirmation<br>program. Our next Confirmation will be held April 19, 2022<br>at 7pm. Follow the link to register for next year\u2019s program.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>New Bible Study: Theological Themes</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he Thursday evening bible study will begin the study of Leviticus. We will meet<br>on Thursday Evenings at 7 PM. The St. Virgil's Tracy Center is open for meeting in<br>person but you may also join through the Phone Conference technology we've been<br>using this past year. All you need is your bible. Call the St Virgil's Office, 973-538-<br>1418 or Phil Alcock (973-538-6045) for more information.</p>\n<figure><img id='32' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(70,759); bottom-right:(724,817)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Go 2 St. Joe Pilgrimage</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A ll people are welcome and encouraged to partake in the Go 2 St. Joe Pilgrimage hosted by the<br>Diocese of Paterson to celebrate the year of St. Joseph. To participate, visit insidethewalls.org<br>/go2stjoe and print the pilgrimage passport. You then have until December 8 to visit 7 of the 11<br>locations listed on the passport. Full details can be found on the website.</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Thursday Morning Bible Study is Back!!</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W e are looking forward to once again meeting on<br>Thursday mornings at 10:30am to noon in the Tracy<br>Center to preview the Scripture readings for the<br>coming weekend. If you are interested in becoming<br>more familiar with the readings we hear each weekend<br>at Mass, please come join us on Thursday, June 17. We<br>look forward to seeing you. If you have any questions,<br>please call Kathy Sisler (973-538-1378).</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Corpus Christi Food Drive</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he Corpus Christi Food Drive<br>continues to feed the hungry during<br>these critical summer months. There<br>are just a few weeks remaining to<br>support this vital effort.</p>\n<br><h1 id='39' style='font-size:16px'>V isit www.ccpaterson.org/corpus to</h1>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>make a monetary donation or for<br>more information about this<br>important effort. Here you can find<br>our parish and shop for items of<br>great need. You may also email:<br>info@ccpaterson.org or call (973)</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>737-2077 ext. 403 with any<br>questions.</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We have lots of student</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>clean out of the school.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>desks and chairs, file</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>cabinets and shelving, cafeteria tables, and student</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>for.</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>lockers that we have not been able to find homes</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I f you\u2019re interested, act quickly. Call the Parish<br>Office to arrange a time to come pick up. We\u2019d<br>prefer to \u201cfind homes\u201d for the furntiuire rather than<br>recycle or toss them. 973-538-1418.</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Now that we are returning to our regular</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Mass schedule, we are in need of ushers.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='51' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(762,545); bottom-right:(845,624)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Four would be the ideal number for each</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Mass. We invite all men, women and teen</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>agers of the parish to join our ushers. No special</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>skills required other than an cheerful smile to help greet</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and direct our parishioners and to assist with the</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>collection and communion reception line. Call the parish</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>office if you\u2019re interested in joining!</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Please join us at the 8th Annual Sisters of Christian Charity</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Golf Outing on Thursday, September 30, 2021 at the beautiful</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Cedar Hill Country Club in Livingston, NJ. Individual golfers,</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>foursomes and sponsors are welcome. Golf prizes will be</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>awarded. For further information or to register online, go to:</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Only a few hours of your time can make all the difference in the world. Our volunteers provide<br>emotional support, companionship and respite to hospice patients and their families. No previous<br>experience required. Must be 18 years of age; possess a valid driver\u2019s license and willing to<br>undergo background check. Up-to-date PPD also required which we can provide free of charge.<br>Learn how your presence can make an impact on someone\u2019s life. Training sessions in our Basking<br>Ridge office. To request info packet contact:<br>Stella Benedict 908-580-3888 or email sbenedict@fellowshipsl.org<br>Josephine Mazzeo 908-797-1635 or email jmazzeo@fellowshipsl.org</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>www.scceast.org/golf-outing or email Elaine Thornberry at</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>sccmissionadvancement@gmail.com. We hope to see you</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>there!</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITY</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sight & Sound\u2019s: Queen Esther</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fellowship Garden State Hospice Invites You to Join Its Dynamic Team of Caregivers</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Join us on August 24 to see this original stage production of Queen Esther, a captivating tale of beauty<br>and bravery. \u201cEsther\u2019s ordinary life changed forever when she was taken through the palace doors,<br>entering a new world of royalty and rish. With a crown on her head and a secret in heart, can she find<br>the courage to trust in God\u2019s plan and believe that she was made for such a time as this?\u201d</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Arbor Terrace Volunteers Needed</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T rip includes shopping at Kitchen Kettle village, the show, and dinner at Shady Maples Smorgasbord,<br>motorcoach transportation, taxes and meal gratuities. Cost: $159. Experience one of the most riveting<br>Bible stories of the Old Testagment as it comes to life with magnificent sets, special effects and live<br>animals. Call Ginny (973) 884-1986 to book.</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>On Thursday, July 1, Deacon Joe Quinn will begin a Morning Prayer and Communion Service at<br>10:30am at Arbor Terrace. We are looking for some additional volunteers to help along with Don and<br>Jean McKenna and assist Deacon Joe. Please contact the Parish Office if you can help!</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1839047, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='47' style='font-size:20px'>2017 EASTER SEASON</h1>\n<br><h1 id='48' style='font-size:16px'>\u2666Lenten Lunches</h1>\n<br><h1 id='49' style='font-size:16px'>4/06 @ Shushan Presbyterian, Jeff Peck speaking</h1>\n<br><h1 id='50' style='font-size:16px'>\u2666Lenten studies and worship</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>St. Paul\u2019s \u2013 Fridays, 7:00 evensong service and bookstudy, \u201cLiving the Quaker Way<br>(no supper)<br>West Hebron UP \u2013 Lectio Divina, Mondays 6 to 7:30 PM (soup and bread),<br>Wed 11:00 \u2013 12:00 (no food)<br>Holy Cross \u2013 Tuesdays @ 6:00, Lenten Evening Prayer</p>\n<table id='52' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>Ecumenical Passion Service @ St Pauls April 4, 4:00</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Sunday pm</td></tr><tr><td>\u2666Monday-Friday</td><td>HOLY WEEK (4/10-4/15)</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"></td></tr><tr><td>West prayer</td><td>Hebron Presbyterian sanctuary open 6:00 am - 9:00 pm for reflection and (printed daily devotion provided)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Mon thru Thurs - Breakfast @ Salem Methodist, 7:00 am,.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Worship leaders: Monday \u2013 Herb Arnold, Tuesday \u2013 Jeff Peck, Wednesday Laura Mitchell,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Thursday \u2013 Debbie Earthrowl Thursday 4/13</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">\u2666Maundy West</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Hebron UP \u2013 6:00 dinner, 7:00 Tenebrae Communion service</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>(Salem & Shushan UP & Salem Community Fellowship invited) Salem Methodist</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>\u2013 6:00 PM , Last remembrance supper (covered dish) \u2013 worship during and after</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">\u2666Good Friday 4/14</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Noon services at West Hebron Methodist, Holy Cross, St, Paul\u2019s</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>7:00 PM service at Salem Community Fellowship</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">\u2666Holy Saturday 4/15</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Easter Vigil, 6:00 pm to midnight, West Hebron Presbyterian, self led stations</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Easter Egg Hunt, West Hebron Presbyterian, 2:00 pm</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Easter Sunday 4/16</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Salem Presbyterian Sunrise service @ Bischoff\u2019s</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>West Hebron Presbyterian sunrise service at Napiwocki\u2019s, 6:30 am Salem Methodist sunrise service, 6:30 am, Evergreen Cemetery</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>First United Presbyterian Brunch@ McKenzie Chapel, 8:00am</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>First United Service w/communion, 10 am</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='53' style='font-size:14px'>Page 4<br>Volume 50, Version 11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53650, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>HOLY / PASSION WEEK 2021</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Saturday, March 27</p>\n<br><table id='35' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>4:00 pm</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>5:15 pm</td><td>Maronite Divine Liturgy, Crestwood</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Palm Sunday (Hosanna Sunday), March 28</p>\n<br><table id='37' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>8:00 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>10:30 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>10:15 am</td><td>Maronite Divine Liturgy, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<br><figure><img id='38' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(591,81); bottom-right:(761,332)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Monday, March 29</p>\n<br><table id='40' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>8:00 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Liturgy, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>7:00 pm</td><td>Oil Blessing, Maronite, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Tuesday, March 30</p>\n<br><table id='42' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>8:00 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Liturgy, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>7:00 pm</td><td>Coming to the Harbor, Maronite, Crestwood</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='43' style='font-size:14px'>Wednesday, March 31</h1>\n<br><table id='44' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>8:00 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Liturgy, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>7:00 pm</td><td>The Rite of the Lamp, Maronite, Crestwood</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Maundy Thursday (Thursday of the Mysteries), April 1</p>\n<br><table id='46' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>7:00 pm</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass & Washing of the Feet, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>7:00 pm</td><td>Maronite Divine Liturgy & Washing of the Feet, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='47' style='font-size:14px'>Good Friday (Great Friday), April 2</h1>\n<br><table id='48' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>9:00 am</td><td>Signing of the Chalice, Maronite, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>3:00 pm</td><td>Celebration of the Lord\u2019s Passion, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>7:00 pm</td><td>Adoration of the Crucified, Maronite, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Holy Saturday (Saturday of the Light), April 3</p>\n<br><table id='50' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>11:30 am</td><td>The Liturgy of Reconciliation, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>8:00 pm</td><td>Paschal Vigil, Roman Catholic, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>10:00 pm</td><td>Midnight Resurrection Divine Liturgy & Rite of Peace, Maronite, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='51' style='font-size:14px'>Resurrection Sunday, April 4</h1>\n<br><table id='52' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>8:00 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>10:30 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>10:15 am</td><td>Maronite Divine Liturgy, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='53' style='font-size:14px'>Bright Monday, April 5</h1>\n<br><table id='54' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>8:00 am</td><td>Roman Catholic Mass, Crestwood</td></tr><tr><td>12:00 pm</td><td>Maronite Divine Liturgy, Downtown</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RECONCILIATION times during Holy Week in Crestwood</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Tuesday & Wednesday 6:00 pm - 6:45 pm<br>Holy Saturday 11:00 am & during the Liturgy of Reconciliation<br>Resurrection Sunday 9:30 am - 10:15 am</p>\n<br><h1 id='57' style='font-size:18px'>REGISTRATION</h1>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Due to Covid-19 restrictions, some of our Holy Week services in<br>Crestwood require registration. Please register online on our web-<br>site, or ask Mona Milford for assistance. https://stelizabethhungary.org/</p>\n<br><h1 id='59' style='font-size:22px'>Christ is Risen, Alleluia!</h1>\n<br><h1 id='60' style='font-size:16px'>CONTACT US:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='61' style='font-size:20px'>RECTOR</h1>\n<br><h1 id='62' style='font-size:20px'>Rev. John Nahal<br>rector@straymond-mc.org</h1>\n<h1 id='63' style='font-size:20px'>A SSOCIATE PASTOR</h1>\n<br><h1 id='64' style='font-size:20px'>Rev. Patrick Kassab<br>patrickkassab@outlook.com</h1>\n<h1 id='65' style='font-size:20px'>DEACONS</h1>\n<br><h1 id='66' style='font-size:20px'>Dcn. Bill Meister<br>williammeister@archstl.org</h1>\n<h1 id='67' style='font-size:20px'>D cn. Lou Peters<br>L.Peters@eparchy.org</h1>\n<h1 id='68' style='font-size:20px'>P ARISH SECRETARY</h1>\n<br><h1 id='69' style='font-size:20px'>Crestwood:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='70' style='font-size:20px'>Mona Milford<br>Steeliz@straymond-mc.org</h1>\n<br><h1 id='71' style='font-size:20px'>D owntown:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='72' style='font-size:20px'>Mary Cohen-Ehlen<br>secretary@straymond-mc.org</h1>\n<h1 id='73' style='font-size:20px'>B ULLETIN SUBMISSIONS</h1>\n<br><h1 id='74' style='font-size:20px'>Deadline: 8am Tuesdays<br>To submit: Email Fr. Patrick</h1>\n<br><h1 id='75' style='font-size:20px'>patrickkassab@outlook.com</h1>\n<h1 id='76' style='font-size:20px'>O NLINE GIVING</h1>\n<br><h1 id='77' style='font-size:20px'>Crestwood:<br>osvonlinegiving.com/1825</h1>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Downtown:<br>straymond-mc.org/online-giving</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A DORATION OF THE BLESSED<br>SACRAMENT\u2013 CRESTWOOD<br>Mondays 8:30am-6:30pm<br>Benediction at 6:30pm</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>O UR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP<br>DEVOTIONS\u2013 CRESTWOOD<br>Tuesdays 8:30am<br>(following daily Mass)</p>\n<h1 id='81' style='font-size:20px'>M EDICAL EQUIPMENT</h1>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Donate or Borrow piece of med-<br>ical equipment, please call<br>Patty Renschen 314 517 7044</p>\n<footer id='83' style='font-size:14px'>- 3 -</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53651, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='84' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(74,69); bottom-right:(1200,234)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LECTORS: CRESTWOOD</p>\n<br><table id='86' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Thur, Apr. 1 7:00pm</td><td>Drew Finke</td></tr><tr><td>Fri, Apr. 2 3:00pm</td><td>Janet Finke</td></tr><tr><td>Sat, Apr.3 8:00pm</td><td>Daughters of Saint Paul</td></tr><tr><td>Sun, Apr.4 8:00am</td><td>Silvio Flaim</td></tr><tr><td>10:30am</td><td>Christ Pickel</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>PLEASE PRAY FOR THE SICK<br>AND HOMEBOUND OF OUR<br>PARISH</p>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Gertrude Slama Pat Webbe<br>Mark Beck Terry Leong<br>Tom Hearst Judge Paul Simon<br>Steven Sulze Joseph & Mary<br>Victor Sciarrino Ojile<br>Rosalie Hubert Gloria (Skip)<br>Mike McSorley Sr. Leisure<br>James Brumfield Elizabeth Wolff<br>Don Ganim<br>Christopher &<br>Cathy Seemayer Kathleen Antoni<br>Mary Lou Works Nijmeh Abounader<br>Patrick Nelms Elias Hitti<br>Chris Nelms Ralph Salamie<br>Ted Arunski John Anton<br>Dave Holdinghausen Jim Hoffman<br>Barb Fix Gary Bieller<br>Beverly Klipfel Richard Baker Sr<br>Joann Vollet Patrick Carr<br>Lynn Warfel Steve Baker<br>Pat Cooseman Jana Smith<br>Mary Ann Reiter Bernie Elking Sr<br>Jean Weidler Janet Emerson<br>Dave Wissler Janet Zhakaria<br>Michelle Bausworth Ginnie Morrow<br>Tom Saucier<br>Will Karcher<br>Rhoda Simpher<br>Carole Gassel<br>Dave Flores<br>Patricia Beck<br>Sr. Carol Kopff<br>Betty Tracy</p>\n<br><h1 id='89' style='font-size:22px'>OIL BLESSING</h1>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Bishop Elias Zaidan will be celebrating the Maronite Rite of Oil<br>Blessing (Live Streamed) on Holy Week Monday, March 29th, 7pm<br>at Saint Raymond Cathedral, Downtown.<br>You are welcome to join our Bishop in this rite celebrated only once<br>a year, in which Sacrament Oils are blessed for the whole Eparchy.<br>PS: Monday evening prayers at Crestwood location are canceled.</p>\n<br><h1 id='91' style='font-size:22px'>K ITCHEN SCOOP</h1>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The kitchen will be closed for carry out and curbside pick up Wed.<br>March 31st.<br>Thank you,</p>\n<br><h1 id='93' style='font-size:20px'>Denise, Kathi and Gina</h1>\n<figure><img id='94' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(505,657); bottom-right:(1184,1278)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='95' style='font-size:22px'>L ENTEN APPEAL</h1>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Lenten Appeal for the Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon is now<br>taking place. A letter from Bishop Elias Zaidan about the Appeal will<br>be mailed to every family. Copies are also available in the vestibule.<br>You may make a donation using a check, cash or credit card. Please<br>be generous and support the Eparchy. Our contribution is $10,000<br>for St. Raymond Cathedral and $10,000 for St. Raymond-St. Eliza-<br>beth Church. Thank you.</p>\n<br><footer id='97' style='font-size:16px'>- 4 -</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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A person wants to attend all the earliest Roman Catholic services across Holy/Passion Week, combining both morning and evening options. Calculate the total time they will spend in services, and then determine if they can fit in a Food Pantry volunteer shift in Downtown immediately after any morning service, considering a 30-minute travel time from Crestwood.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 699, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3335173, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='84' style='font-size:14px'>ANDOVER PUBLIC SCHOOLS</header>\n<br><h1 id='85' style='font-size:22px'>Agile Strategic Planning and Progress<br>Monitoring</h1>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The year 2016 marked the next phase of the shift<br>towards personalized learning in Andover Public<br>Schools. At the end of Berman\u2019s first year as<br>superintendent, the district\u2019s prior five-year strategic<br>plan was brought to a close. Following the process<br>applied in the technology industry, Andover\u2019s leadership<br>team decided to do something innovative with their<br>strategic planning process by adopting an agile<br>approach. The team wanted the flexibility to try new<br>ideas and to effect rapid, incremental change, while<br>continuously making adjustments in order to achieve<br>the greatest progress. According to Chinosi, \u201cAgile<br>planning fosters a cross-district collaborative approach<br>where PK-12 leaders join forces to focus on critical areas<br>of need through \u2018sprint teams\u2019 that maintain progress on<br>and continuously adapt their efforts.\u201d</p>\n<p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Andover\u2019s first step in employing an agile approach to<br>strategic planning was to articulate a \u201ctheory of action,\u201d<br>a set of statements that outline the approach needed<br>to achieve the desired results (see Exhibit C: Andover<br>Public Schools Theory of Action). Designed \u201cto promote<br>growth in foundational content knowledge and thinking<br>skills that enable students to take ownership of their</p>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>learning,\u201d6 the Andover theory of action focuses on four<br>specific goals.</p>\n<p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In order to achieve these goals, in 2017 the district<br>leadership team established and launched a set of seven<br>\u201csprints\u201d to move the district forward by means of agile<br>strategic planning.</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>1. A social-emotional learning and culturally<br>responsive pedagogy sprint focused on<br>professional development for staff that advances the<br>goal of caring and culturally responsive classrooms<br>and schools (Goal 1).</p>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>2. A comprehensive mental and behavioral health<br>sprint focused on the restructuring of services<br>in these areas to advance caring and culturally<br>responsive classrooms and schools (Goal 1).</p>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>3. An Andover High School schedule</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>implementation sprint that advances caring and<br>culturally responsive classrooms and schools by<br>building an advisory and support time block into<br>the schedule (Goal 1) and that advances curricular<br>rigor through a year-long rotating schedule (Goal 2).<br>A more extensive discussion of the advisory block<br>appears on pages 8-9.</p>\n<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>ANDOVER\u2019S MISSION: ADVANCING STUDENT LEARNING7</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='95' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(110,1117); bottom-right:(523,1513)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 GOAL 1: Create safe, caring and culturally responsive classrooms<br>and schools, and partner with families and the community to support<br>students\u2019 academic growth and their social, physical and emotional<br>wellbeing.</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 GOAL 2: Ensure that every student engages in a rigorous curriculum<br>that is implemented consistently within and across the schools.</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 GOAL 3: Provide inclusive instruction that engages every student in<br>authentic learning experiences, demonstrates the power of effective<br>effort and fosters inquiry, creativity and positive risk taking.</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 GOAL 4: Monitor student progress diagnostically and plan instruction<br>after thorough and thoughtful data analysis to ensure each student<br>reaches proficiency.</p>\n<footer id='100' style='font-size:20px'>5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2315677, "type": "text", "content": " \n3/4/2016\n\n\n# District Improvement Plan Goal 3 \nStudent Support, Wellness and Safety\n\n\n \n\nDuring the 2014-16 school years, the District Leadership Team will \nsuccessfully implement the Multi- Tiered System of Support Structure at each \nschool as measured by a decrease in the following data points: tardiness, \noffice discipline referrals, number of students who have 10 or more absences \nin a school year, and the achievement gap between the high needs subgroup \nand the aggregate subgroup on standardized assessments and Common \nmeasures. In addition, if successfully implemented, there will be an increase \nin our accuracy in identifying students with special needs, as measured by the \nreferral data from SST and the utilization of regular education initiatives to \nsupport students prior to a need for special education testing (MTSS \ninterventions, SST, intervention support, etc.). Moreover, we will see an \nimprovement in the behavioral health of all students as measured by the \nYouth Risk Behavior Survey, Early Warning Indicator System, and other locally \ndetermined measures. Finally, we will measure the effectiveness of our \nimplementation by using the Tiered Fidelity Instrument (TFI).\n\n\n21\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124538, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>HEALTHY MASCULINITY</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>INFORMATION SHEET</h1>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>www.MenCanStopRape.org</h1>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>What is healthy masculinity?<br>In 2012, Men Can Stop Rape (MCSR) led a group of<br>national nonprofits in starting the Healthy Masculinity<br>Action Project (HMAP), a multi-year initiative designed to<br>raise the national visibility of healthy masculinity and<br>build the next generation of men who role model<br>strength without violence. The goal of primary<br>prevention according to HMAP is to replace the harmful attitudes, assumptions, and behaviors<br>connected to a \"less than\" perspective that is part of unhealthy masculinity with prosocial healthy<br>masculinity norms. MCSR describes those prosocial norms in the following way:</p>\n<br><h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>#1: Recognizing unhealthy aspects of<br>masculinity that are harmful to the self and</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>others: It important for men and boys to identify and<br>understand attitudes that reinforce negative beliefs<br>and perceptions of unhealthy masculine behaviors like:</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 Committing physically and emotionally harmful<br>actions<br>\uf0b7 Repressing and hiding emotions<br>\uf0b7 Viewing and treating others as \u201cless than\u201d</p>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'># 2: Empathizing with the self and others:</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Building empathy for oneself and others is vital for<br>men and boys to develop emotional health and<br>compassion. We view moving men towards empathy<br>and emotional intelligence as profound acts of moral<br>and communal responsibility.</p>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'># 3: Supporting gender equity and other forms</h1>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>of equity: Unhealthy masculinity is harmful when it<br>leads boys and men to see girls and women as \u201cless<br>than\u201d males. Once we understand how it harms<br>others, we\u2019re more inclined to treat all members of a<br>community equally and with respect.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>#4: Replacing harmful risky and violent<br>masculine attitudes and behaviors with<br>emotionally intelligent attitudes and<br>behaviors that respect the self and others:</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Unhealthy masculinity sometimes requires men and<br>boys to prove their manhood by engaging in<br>behaviors that are self-destructive and harmful to<br>others. Healthy masculinity encourages men and<br>boys to take better care of themselves and to treat<br>others with compassion and consideration.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'># 5: Learning and using emotional and social<br>skills to constructively challenge unhealthy<br>masculine attitudes and behaviors expressed<br>by others: Practicing healthy masculinity requires<br>boys and men to develop social and emotional tools<br>to challenge unhealthy masculinity, especially as<br>active bystanders. Men and boys show their strength<br>by constructively addressing the problematic actions<br>of others associated with unhealthy masculinity.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To learn how men can stop rape, go to<br>www.MenCanStopRape.org<br>Learn more about our youth development<br>programs, public education materials, and<br>trainings for professionals.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2581330, "type": "text", "content": "# W hat this evidence tells us\n\n\nWhat does this evidence indicate about your school\u2019s progress towards your\nfive-year targets?\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 The target for achieving 50% for student perceive behaviour is managed well\nin the Well \nbeing aspect was not met the school didn\u2019t see an increased of 29%. \n\uf0a7 When first looking at the target, 70% of students perceive their opinions\nare taken \nseriously the school only made a 5% increase in the number of students who\nagree with \nthat statement and therefore the target was not met. \n\uf0a7 The school joined PBL and has begun using this program when planning to\nfurther support \nimproving outcomes in wellbeing at the school.\n\n\nHave any of your data sources changed over time? If so, why?\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 Given this was the first year of Ngunnawal Primary School five-year plan, no\ndata sources \nwere changed.\n\n\nWhat implications does this evidence have for your next AP?\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 The school will need to include PBL more broadly within the school to\nincreased student \nsurvey data.\n\n\n# O ur achievements for this priority\n\n\nThis year at Ngunnawal Primary School student wellbeing has been a focus.\nThere has been more \nopportunity for student voice with regular, vigorous student council meetings\nand school captain \nmeetings were held with the principal at various times throughout the year.\nOur results show that \na higher percentage of students felt that they can talk with their teachers\nabout their concerns \nand they like being at the school. A considerable percentage of students able\nhave a strong \nconnection with the school and feel like it is a place that they belong.\n\n\n \n\nThe school staff begun the journey of lifting the profile of the school\nS.H.A.R.E values. A part of \nthis has centred around TAG teams and meetings, one of which has had welling\nas its focus. The \nteam began by examining the school\u2019s share values AND \u2018unpacking\u2019 their\nmeaning. In the middle \nof the year a decision was made to become a Positive Behaviour for Learning\n(PBL) school. This \nprocess is considerable, and the wellbeing team then morphed into a PBL team.\nMapping the \nAustralian Curriculum against the school\u2019s S.H.A.R.E values and PBL frameworks\nis a work in \nprogress and will be the work of this team into 2019.\n\n\n \n\nWhile the results have increased for student behaviour is well managed at this\nschool for the staff \npopulation, many of the other result here have remained about the same. Work\nwill continue with \nthis priority in subsequent years.\n\n\nChallenges we will address in our next Action Plan\n\n\n\uf0a7 Moving from the implementation stage to embeddedness of PBL \n\uf0a7 Continuous upskilling of new staff to the school\n\n\nLast saved: Wednesday, 21 August 2019 Page | 12\n\n\nAnalysis \uf0e0 Priorities \uf0e0 Strategies \uf0e0 Actions \uf0e0 Impact (for student)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1915643, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='39' style='font-size:22px'>Masculinity & Engaging Men<br>In Gender Equality</h1>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>486. Adolescent Boys and Young Men: Engaging Them as Supporters of Gender<br>Equality and Health and Understanding their Vulnerabilities</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Promundo, 2016.</p>\n<br><h1 id='42' style='font-size:20px'>__</h1>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This report highlights the importance of engaging adolescent boys and young men in sexual and repro-<br>ductive health and rights and in gender equality. It reviews current research on boys\u2019 and young men\u2019s<br>specific risks and realities \u2013 and the implications for women and girls \u2013 in relation to their general health<br>status, violence, sexuality and sexual and reproductive health, media violence, sexual exploitation, and oth-<br>er vulnerabilities. The report reviews concrete ways to work with adolescent boys and young men on sexual<br>and reproductive health services, comprehensive sexuality education, fatherhood and care giving, and the<br>elimination of violence against women and girls.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>http://promundoglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Adolescent-Boys-and-Young-Men-final-web.pdf</p>\n<h1 id='45' style='font-size:20px'>487. Be A Man, Change the Rules</h1>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Young Men Initiative and CARE, 2014.</p>\n<br><h1 id='47' style='font-size:20px'>__</h1>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>What does it mean to \u201cbe a man\u201d to adolescent boys in the Balkans region? Can it mean keeping the<br>peace instead of perpetrating violence? Having fun without drugs and alcohol? Practicing safe sex? For the<br>past seven years, a coalition of local, regional, and international organizations has been promoting these<br>positive masculine identities under the banner of the \u201cYoung Men Initiative\u201d (YMI). Coordinated by CARE<br>International Balkans, implemented by collaborating institutions in four countries, and evaluated by the In-<br>ternational Center for Research on Women (ICRW), YMI seeks to promote a lifestyle that prioritizes good<br>health, nonviolence, and gender equality through a combination of educational workshops and community<br>campaigns. This synthesis report provides an overview of the program\u2019s rationale, design, and evaluation<br>results from YMI\u2019s implementation in vocational high schools.</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>http://www.icrw.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/YMI_ExecutiveSummary_2013-WEB-PREVIEW.pdf</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>488. Because I Am a Girl: The State of the World\u2019s Girls 2011. What About the Boys?<br>Plan International, 2011.</p>\n<br><h1 id='51' style='font-size:20px'>__</h1>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The challenge of gender equality cannot be tackled by girls and women alone \u2013 a key component to reach-<br>ing girls successfully is engaging boys and men as allies. This report asks difficult questions about how<br>to best implement this strategy, and addresses solutions using thought-provoking insights and the latest<br>research on the topic.</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>https://www.planusa.org/docs/state-worlds-girls-2011.pdf</p>\n<footer id='54' style='font-size:14px'>170</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2196357, "type": "text", "content": "OAKWOOD SCHOOL STRATEGIC PLAN 2018 - 2021\n\n\nGoal 1: To maximise learning growth for all students in literacy and \nnumeracy.\n\n\nS uggested FISO high-impact improvement initiatives for this goal (in order of \npriority)\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Curriculum planning and assessment \n2\\. Building practice excellence \n3\\. Evaluating impact on learning\n\n\n# R ationale:\n\n\n \n\nAn analysis of the school\u2019s school\u2013based benchmarking data identified a high \nproportion of students demonstrating low to medium growth in both literacy \nand numeracy. The school identified a need to align the assessment processes \nwith the Victorian Curriculum, and to ensure consistent whole school \napproaches to the teaching of literacy and numeracy.\n\n\n# T argets:\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 By 2022 students who attend 80% of the time, will achieve at least \n12 months growth in 12 months, using teacher judgement. \n\uf0b7 By 2022 90% of students studying VCAL will achieve their learning \noutcomes. \n\uf0b7 By 2022 80% of staff will respond positively to Collective Efficacy in \nthe School Staff Survey (SSS), and Collective Focus on Student \nLearning. \n\uf0b7 By 2022, 75% of students will respond positively to Sense of \nConfidence and 85% to Stimulating Learning in the AtoSS.\n\n\n \n\nGoal 2: To empower students to be independent, cognitively engaged and \nintrinsically motivated learners\n\n\nK ey Improvement Strategies:\n\n\n \n\nS uggested FISO high-impact improvement initiatives for this goal (in order of \npriority)\n\n\n1\\. Collect, share and analyse data across the school that informs the \nstudent Learning Maps in alignment with the Vic Curriculum and \nVCAL (BPE) \n2\\. Build teacher capacity to maximise the impact of the Oakwood \nInstructional Model (CPA) \n3\\. Strengthen the culture of responsibility and shared accountability \nfor evaluating impact on learning (EIL)\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Empowering students and building school pride \n2\\. Intellectual engagement and self awareness\n\n\nR ationale:\n\n\n# A nnual Targets for 2019\n\n\n \n\nWhen students are challenged and cognitively engaged in the learning \nprocess then their outcomes are enhanced. The students at Oakwood school \nhave significant challenges in their lives and so this goal is designed to\ncreate \nopportunities for students to become more independent and confident in \ntheir learning. Through this students can be encouraged to undertake positive \npathways beyond the school.\n\n\n# T argets:\n\n\n1\\. By 2019 students who attend 80% of the time, will achieve 12 months \ngrowth in 12 months in writing. \n2\\. 90% of students studying VCAL will achieve their learning outcomes. \n3\\. 60% of staff will respond positively to Collective Efficacy in the School \nStaff Survey. \n4\\. 68% of students will respond positively to the Sense of Confidence \nand 80% of students will respond positively to the Stimulating Learning \nin the Attitudes to School Survey.\n\n\n \n\nSchool Staff Survey - Collective focus on student learning to have a \npositive response rate above 90%\n\n\nA ttitudes to School Survey\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 improve learning confidence to have a positive response rate of \nabove 75% \n\uf0b7 improve resilience to have positive response rate above 75% \n\uf0b7 improve self\u2013regulation and goal setting to reach a positive \nresponse rate above 80% \n\uf0b7 improve student attitude to attendance to reach a positive \nresponse rate above 70%\n\n\nP arent Opinion Survey - Student agency and voice positive response is \nabove 90%\n\n\n# K ey Improvement Strategies\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Support students to apply metacognitive strategies to their \nlearning (ISE) \n2\\. Develop student agency to explore positive pathways (ESP) \n3\\. Develop student self efficacy to pursue positive pathways (ESP)\n\n\n \n\nGoal 3: To embed consistent robust structures and processes across \nOakwood School that will enable improved student learning, engagement \nand wellbeing.\n\n\nS uggested FISO high-impact improvement initiatives for this goal (in order of \npriority)\n\n\n# Rationale:\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Building Leadership teams (BLT) \n2\\. Instructional and Shared leadership (ISL) \n3\\. Vision, values and culture (VVC)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1915645, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='71' style='font-size:22px'>Masculinity & Engaging Men<br>In Gender Equality</h1>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>492. The Girl Effect: What do Boys Have to Do With It?</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>International Center for Research on Women, 2012.</p>\n<br><h1 id='74' style='font-size:20px'>__</h1>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In October 2010, ICRW, with support from the Nike Foundation and in collaboration with Plan International<br>and Save the Children, convened a meeting of researchers, program implementers and donors to explore<br>the question of how to best involve boys in efforts to achieve gender equality. This paper summarizes the<br>meeting, which highlighted progress in conceptualizing programs that involve boys and men in efforts to<br>bring about fundamental changes in the gendered nature of relationships. It also pointed to the significant<br>amount of work that is still to be done before these goals are achieved.</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>http://www.icrw.org/publications/girl-effect-what-do-boys-have-do-it-0</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>493. Living Peace in Democratic Republic of Congo. An Impact Evaluation of an Inter-<br>vention with Male Partners of Women Survivors of Conflict-Related Rape and Intimate<br>Partner Violence</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Promundo and Living Peace, 2017.</p>\n<br><h1 id='79' style='font-size:20px'>__</h1>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This report presents the findings of a qualitative, time-series evaluation that assessed the impact on inti-<br>mate partner violence (IPV) prevention of a pilot intervention program called Living Peace, which targeted<br>the husbands of women who had experienced conflict-related rape and IPV in eastern Democratic Republic<br>of the Congo (DRC). The impact evaluation was conducted in 2016, three years after the intervention was<br>piloted, with men who had participated in Living Peace and with their partners/spouses, and other family<br>and community members. The vast majority of the male respondents who had participated in Living Peace<br>reported that the intervention had helped them adopt more equitable, nonviolent attitudes and behaviors<br>and had positively impacted their intimate and family relationships; they also reported that they continued<br>to observe these changes three years after the intervention.</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>https://promundoglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Living-Peace-in-DRC-Impact-Evaluation-English-WEB-28.08.17.pdf</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>494. The Making of Sexual Violence: How Does a Boy Grow Up to Commit Rape?<br>International Center for Research on Women, 2014.</p>\n<br><h1 id='83' style='font-size:20px'>__</h1>\n<p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This report presents an overview of five study sites of the International Men and Gender Equality Survey<br>(IMAGES), presents findings related to men\u2019s self-reported perpetration of sexual violence, investigates<br>seven domains of possible influences on men\u2019s sexual violence perpetration and provides actionable les-<br>sons and recommendations.</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>http://promundoglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/The-Making-of-Sexual-Violence-How-Does-a-Boy-Grow-Up-to-Com-<br>mit-Rape.pdf</p>\n<footer id='86' style='font-size:14px'>172</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3640412, "type": "text", "content": "calculated their overall interpersonal self-management score by reverse-coding\nand averaging \nthese four items and has an alpha of 0.79.\n\n\n \n\n# Social Awareness\n\n\nSocial Awareness is the ability to take the perspective of and empathize with\nothers from \ndiverse backgrounds and cultures, to understand social and ethical norms for\nbehavior, and to \nrecognize family, school, and community resources and supports. To measure\nstudents\u2019 social \nawareness, we adapted from AIR and CASEL (2013) student self-report of social\nand emotional \ncompetencies. Students respond to eight items based upon their experiences\nduring the last \nschool year (e.g., \u201cI listened carefully to other people\u2019s points of view\u201d) on\na five-point scale \nranging from \u201calmost never\u201d to \u201calmost all the time.\u201d We calculated their\noverall social \nawareness score by averaging these eight items and has an alpha of 0.86.\n\n\n \n\n# Empirical Strategy\n\n\nOur identification strategy is similar to Lindsay and Hart (2017) that\nleverages the fact \nthat the proportion of demographically matching teachers a student experiences\nwill vary across \neach grade, but controls for any time-invariant observable and unobservable\ngrade and time \ncharacteristics that are related to our outcomes of interest. The model\nspecification is the \nfollowing:\n\n\n! !\"#$ = #% + &&'()*+,-.\u210e0-.,!\"#$ + &''()*+,-.\u210e1,23!\"#$ + &('()*45631,23!\"#$ \n\\+ &)'()*45630-.,!\"#$ + 7\" + 8$ + 9! + :!\"#$ \n!\"#!$ represents student i\u2019s outcome, in grade g in school s in period t. The\npredictors of interest \nare '()*+,-.\u210e0-.,!\"#$ and '()*+,-.\u210e1,23,(!\"#$ representing student i\u2019s\nproportion of\n\n\n12\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3266268, "type": "text", "content": "DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT \u2022 DRAFT\n\n\n \n\n# STUDENT GOALS & STRATEGIES\n\n\n# G oal 1:\n\n\n \n\nCMP will see an annual increase in student climate and \nculture satisfaction based on an annual survey.\n\n\n \n\nS trategies to achieve: CMP will...\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Update the Response to Intervention process to \nincorporate Social Emotional Learning. \n\uf0b7 Continue with the full implementation of Multi- \nTiered Systems of Support and Positive Behavioral \nInterventions and Supports training program, \nincluding standard processes and incentives at all \ncampuses by 2025. \n\uf0b7 See an annual reduction in the numbers of students \nchronically absent. \n\uf0b7 See an annual reduction in the numbers of students \nsuspended. CMP will clearly define restorative \npractices as alternatives to suspensions. \n\uf0b7 Research and expand best practices for Student \nleadership opportunities in all grade levels.\n\n\n \n\n# Goal 2:\n\n\n \n\nCMP will see an annual improvement in Math \nperformance and in Math California Assessment of \nStudent Performance and Progress (CAASPP) Scores.\n\n\n \n\nS trategies to achieve: CMP will...\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Utilize an Response to Intervention process for \nStudents not proficient in Math that builds upon \nand utilizes an individualized Math support. \n\uf0b7 Hire Math Intervention Teachers and develop \nadditional Math support Staff to support Math \ninterventions at all campuses. \n\uf0b7 Provide Math enrichment and/or tutoring \nopportunities before and/or after school. \n\uf0b7 CMP Students will have opportunities to practice \nCAASPP testing and CAASPP like questions via \ninterim testing prior to the summative test and will \nhave opportunities to become familiar with any \ntesting accommodations prior to the summative \ntest.\n\n\nDRAFT 05.11.21\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2581343, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Priority 3: Improve social and emotional wellbeing for students with a focus on<br>positive relationships</p>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Targets or measures</p>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>By the end of 2018 we will achieve:</h1>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 System survey results indicate that 50% of student perceive behaviour is managed well<br>\uf0a7 System survey results show that 70% of students perceive their opinions are taken seriously</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>In 2018</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We implemented this priority through the following strategies.</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 Review and lift the profile of the school\u2019s S.H.A.R.E Values and provide opportunities for student<br>agency through Ngunnawal Primary\u2019s Student Council. Students will be clear about behavioural<br>expectations at the school.<br>\uf0a7 Alignment of school based social report to the Australian Curriculum<br>\uf0a7 Positive Behaviours for Learning</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>B elow is our progress towards our five-year targets with an emphasis on the accumulation and<br>analysis of evidence over the term of our plan.</p>\n<h1 id='8' style='font-size:20px'>Student satisfaction survey data</h1>\n<br><table id='9' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Targets or Measures</td><td>Base</td><td>Year 1</td><td>Year 2</td><td>Year 3</td><td>Year 4</td><td>Year 5</td></tr><tr><td>I can talk to my teachers about my concerns</td><td>59%</td><td>64%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Student behaviour is well managed at this school</td><td>29%</td><td>29%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>I like being at this school</td><td>62%</td><td>65%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>I feel a strong connection with this school</td><td>55%</td><td>59%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>I feel I belong at this school</td><td>58%</td><td>63%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>My school takes students\u2019 opinions seriously</td><td>53%</td><td>58%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='10' style='font-size:20px'>Staff satisfaction survey Data</h1>\n<br><table id='11' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Targets or Measures</td><td>Base</td><td>Year 1</td><td>Year 2</td><td>Year 3</td><td>Year 4</td><td>Year 5</td></tr><tr><td>Student behaviour is well managed at this school</td><td>46%</td><td>55%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Students like being at this school</td><td>87%</td><td>85%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>I feel like I belong at this school</td><td>85%</td><td>91%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>I care about this school</td><td>86%</td><td>94%</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Last saved: Wednesday, 21 August 2019 Page | 11</p>\n<br><footer id='13' style='font-size:14px'>Analysis \uf0e0 Priorities \uf0e0 Strategies \uf0e0 Actions \uf0e0 Impact (for student)</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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You are tasked with implementing a five-year strategic plan for a school aimed at promoting healthy masculinity. This involves focusing on building empathy, emotional intelligence, and reducing risky behaviors among male students, with an expected numerical impact similar to 30% behavioral transition in a year. What are the multiple constraints you need to satisfy initially, and how would you evaluate the temporal impact over these five years to adapt your strategy accordingly?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 701, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 915155, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='376' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>the laser systems parameters and ablation results was<br>considered.</p>\n<br><h1 id='377' style='font-size:16px'>CL-P.3 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='378' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Technologies for microfluidic devices fabrication:</p>\n<br><p id='379' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>laser ablation vs stereolithography</p>\n<br><p id='380' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2219B. Carnero, A.I. Gomez-Varela, C. Bao-Varela, and M.T.<br>Flores-Arias; Faculty of Physics, Universidade de Santiago<br>de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain<br>Optical technologies have proven their versatility to<br>manufacture microfluidic devices . Laser-based tech-<br>niques have recently appeared, capable of overcoming<br>the complexity and waste production of photolithogra-<br>phy. We analyse two laser-based technologies for mi-<br>crofluidics applications: laser ablation and stereolithog-<br>raphy.</p>\n<br><h1 id='381' style='font-size:16px'>CL-P.4 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='382' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Biocompatibility analysis of thermal and UV-curable<br>polydimethylsiloxane for semi blood vessel-like<br>model fabrication</p>\n<br><p id='383' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 2,3<br>1 \u2219B. Carnero , E. \u00c1lvarez , M.T.<br>A.I. G\u00f3mez-Varela ,<br>1 1; 1<br>Flores-Arias , and M.d.C. Bao-Varela<br>Universidade de<br>Santiago de Compostela, Facultade de F\u00edsica e Facultade<br>de \u00d3ptica e OPtometr\u00eda , Santiago de Compostela, Spain;<br>2<br>Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Facultade de<br>3<br>Farmacia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de In-<br>vestigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Cardio-<br>vasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain<br>UV-curable PDMS as an alternative to thermal curing</p>\n<br><h1 id='384' style='font-size:20px'>ROOM 2</h1>\n<br><p id='385' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>selection rules that make this non-adiabatic technique<br>robust.</p>\n<br><h1 id='386' style='font-size:16px'>CK-P.20 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='387' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>High performance optical interference filters<br>fabrication using automatically optimized optical</p>\n<br><p id='388' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>monitoring strategy</p>\n<br><p id='389' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 1 2<br>\u2219J. Zideluns , F. Lemarchand , D. Arhilger , H.<br>2 1; 1<br>Hagedorn , and J. Lumeau<br>Institut Fresnel, Marseille,<br>2<br>France; B\u00fchler Leybold Optics, Alzenau, Germany<br>The fabrication of high performance optical interference<br>filters is demonstrated. We present a novel optical mon-<br>itoring method based on optimized optical monitoring<br>wavelength. Various filters are used to illustrate the<br>method.</p>\n<h1 id='390' style='font-size:16px'>CK-P.21 THU</h1>\n<br><h1 id='391' style='font-size:20px'>ROOM 3</h1>\n<p id='392' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PDMS for fabricating blood vessel-like devices is pre-<br>sented. Its biocompatibility is analyzed seeding human<br>umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results close<br>to thermal curing PDMS are obtained.</p>\n<br><h1 id='393' style='font-size:16px'>CL-P.5 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='394' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Theoretical and experimental study of the vector<br>beams generated with an axicon pair and uniaxial<br>crystals</p>\n<br><p id='395' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1,2 1 1; 1<br>\u2219A. Craciun , O. Grigore , and T. Dascalu<br>National<br>Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Lab-<br>oratory of Solid-State Quantum Electronics, Atomistilor<br>2<br>409, Magurele 077125, Romania; Doctoral School<br>of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405,<br>Magurele 077125, Romania</p>\n<br><p id='396' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We analyze the polarization state and the transversal dis-<br>tribution in the focal plane for various configurations of<br>vector beams. The set-up presented herein allows the<br>modification of the focal shape by changing the input po-<br>larization.</p>\n<br><h1 id='397' style='font-size:16px'>CL-P.6 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='398' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Optical spatial differentiation with suspended<br>subwavelength gratings</p>\n<p id='399' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Density Functional Theory Modelled Absorption and<br>Raman Spectra Applicable to Ergocalciferol (Vitamin<br>D2) and Cholecalciferol (D3)</p>\n<br><p id='400' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 1 2<br>\u2219A.A. Darki , A. Parthenopoulos , B.R. Jeppesen , J.V.<br>3 1; 1<br>Nygaard , and A. Dantan<br>Department of Physics<br>and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;<br>2<br>Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNano), Aarhus<br>3<br>University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Engineer-<br>ing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark<br>We noninvasively characterize the profile of large-area<br>subwavelength gratings directly patterned on suspended<br>silicon nitride membranes and demonstrate high-quality<br>first- and second-order spatial differentiation of the<br>transverse profile of an optical beam using guided-mode<br>resonance.</p>\n<p id='401' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 2 2; 1<br>\u2219O. Balcers , U. Miranda , and R. Veilande<br>Vidzeme<br>University of Applied Sciences, Valmiera, Latvia;<br>2<br>Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University<br>of Latvia, Riga, Latvia<br>The modelled spectrum of vitamin D2 and D3 using</p>\n<br><h1 id='402' style='font-size:16px'>CK-P.22 THU</h1>\n<br><h1 id='403' style='font-size:14px'>The contribution has been withdrawn.</h1>\n<p id='404' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>the density functional theory of absorption and Raman<br>spectra are presented and the comparison with measure-<br>ment of commercially obtained vitamin D2 and D3 are<br>done.</p>\n<br><h1 id='405' style='font-size:16px'>CL-P.7 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='406' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Assessment of the diagnostic effectiveness of<br>terahertz radiation in oral soft tissue lesions</p>\n<br><p id='407' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 1 1 2<br>\u2219A. Atalar , M. Gelge\u00e7 , H. Altan , E. Bar\u0131\u015f , K.<br>3 3 3; 1<br>Kamburo\u011flu , E.E. \u00c7akmak , and N. Eratam<br>Middle<br>2<br>East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey; Gazi Univer-<br>3<br>sity, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey<br>Measurements show that the utilization of THz attenu-<br>ated total internal reflection spectroscopy can be more<br>advantageous in detecting oral soft tissue lesions as a<br>non-invasive diagnostic tool. The effectiveness of this<br>system will be investigated.</p>\n<br><h1 id='408' style='font-size:16px'>CL-P.8 THU</h1>\n<br><p id='409' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Correlating microbial bioluminescence to the<br>different phases of growth using a 2004 nm<br>VCSEL-based 2f wavelength modulation</p>\n<br><h1 id='410' style='font-size:14px'>spectroscopy</h1>\n<br><p id='411' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Z. A S, \u2219A.L. Chakraborty, and S. Khatua; IIT Gandhina-</p>\n<footer id='412' style='font-size:20px'>145</footer>\n<br><footer id='413' style='font-size:22px'>Thursday(cid:21)Posters</footer>\n<p id='414' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>gar, Gandhinagar, India<br>Microbial bioluminescence from Photobacterium leiog-<br>nathi is recorded simultaneously with the mole fraction<br>of metabolic carbon dioxide that was extracted using a<br>VCSEL-based 2f WMS technique to reveal strong corre-<br>lation between bioluminescence and cell concentration.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217445, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='24' style='font-size:18px'>Spectral Power Distribution</h1>\n<p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25aa What wavelengths<br>are present in the<br>light source</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25aa Heavy reliance on<br>blue wavelengths</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25aa Research is showing<br>this may not be as<br>important as thought</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='28' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(682,191); bottom-right:(1956,546)\" /></figure>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='29' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(681,566); bottom-right:(1096,866)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='30' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1112,576); bottom-right:(1521,873)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='31' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1547,579); bottom-right:(1952,874)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1671024, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>LaserShark: Establishing Fast, Bidirectional Communication into Air-Gapped Systems</header>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>may be applied. Second, we modulate a sine wave with a frequency<br>of 30 kHz with a voltage of 5 V. Finally, we apply a burst of 16 bit<br>large data blocks at a rate of 30 kbps and repeat it with 500 Hz,<br>which allows us to estimate the power for data transmission. The<br>results are shown in Table 4.</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In particular, the blue and white LEDs show the highest output<br>powers under the given conditions. However, the average output<br>power is decreased if modulation is applied, as we turn off the<br>LED for transmitting a digital zero. This, of course, needs to be<br>considered for determining the maximum distance and data rate in<br>subsequent experiemnts. Generally speaking, the higher the output<br>power the better we are able to bridge large distances. Much of the<br>restrictions imposed at this point, however, can be overcome by<br>hardware for effectively capturing light as detailed in Section 5.3.</p>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:20px'>5.2 Exfiltration using high-speed cameras</h1>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Modern smartphones often have the ability to capture slow-motion<br>videos. This boils down to an increased frame rate of the recorded<br>video, that is, high-speed camera functionality. These cameras are<br>very sensitive to small and dark light sources, such that they are<br>perfectly suited for our attack.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In the first experiment, we thus use an iPhone 11 that comes with<br>a 240 fps 1080p camera to exfiltrate data from three target devices:<br>TP-Link TL-WR1043ND, TP-Link TL-MR3020, and the Yealink SIP-<br>T21P E2 telephone. The procedure is as easy as capturing a video<br>of the target device while it is transmitting. Analyzing the video<br>stream, in turn, is done offline on more performant hardware. In a<br>more specialized setting, as for instance demonstrated in Section 5.3,<br>this can however be equally conducted online. Moreover, here the<br>attacker is not limited to a specific sampling strategy, such that we<br>can use on-off-keying (OOK) for modulation (cf. Section 3.5). Due to<br>the camera\u2019s limited frame rate and the Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling<br>theorem [see 31] the achievable data rate is limited to 120 bps. To<br>empirically verify this, we transmit three randomly generated data<br>chunks of 500 B in size using each target device, while filming it<br>with the iPhone. The size of transmitted data is reduced in compar-<br>ison to the previous experiment as the iPhone\u2019s internal storage<br>quickly runs full given the large size of the recorded video.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Table 5: Data rates using a 240 fps high-speed camera as re-<br>ceiver in two settings: 2 m indoors and 40 m outdoors.</p>\n<br><table id='7' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Target device</td><td>Distance</td><td colspan=\"2\">Data rate</td></tr><tr><td>TP-Link TL-MR3020</td><td>2 \u2013 40 m</td><td>119.05</td><td>bps</td></tr><tr><td>TP-Link TL-WR1043ND</td><td>2 \u2013 40 m</td><td>119.05</td><td>bps</td></tr><tr><td>Yealink SIP-T21P E2</td><td>2 \u2013 40 m</td><td>119.05</td><td>bps</td></tr></table>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We conduct two different sets of experiments, that are sum-<br>marized in Table 5. At first, we measure transmission on a short<br>range of 2 m indoors, and proceed to long-range measurements<br>across 40 m outdoors (the maximum distance possible at our test-<br>ing grounds). In line with the \u201cconsumer setting\u201d of using non-<br>specialized hardware, for the second experiment, we use regular<br>binoculars (Minox BL 10x44 HD) to zoom in on the LEDs of the<br>target devices. In all cases, we nearly yield the theoretical maximum.<br>In contrast to transmitting data using laser beams, here a distance</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>of 40 m does not affect the data rate. Larger distances could not be<br>investigated due to the boundaries of our testing grounds. However,<br>reception is possible as long as at least a single pixel that represents<br>the LED is visible.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>5.3 Exfiltration using photodetectors</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>While high-speed cameras are very sensitive to light, they have a<br>clear limit imposed by their frame rate. Photodetectors, in turn, al-<br>low to improve upon this limitation at the expense of sensitivity. To<br>yield the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio at rather low optical<br>input power levels, we use an avalanche photodetector (APD) that<br>we characterized in Section 5.3.1. To compensate for large distances<br>and improve reception, an attacker may use more efficient optical<br>equipment. In subsequent experiments, we thus employ the tele-<br>scope, that has also been used for focusing the laser beam on the<br>target (the Navitar Zoom 7000) rather than ordinary binoculars. In<br>Section 5.3.2, we again direct our attention to the Yealink telephone<br>with its green and red SMD LEDs to inspect a) the raw observability<br>in distance, and b) the data rate in a realistic setting.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>5.3.1 Sensitivity of Photodetectors. For recording the data send out<br>by an LED of a compromised device over large distances, we require<br>highly sensitive and fast hardware to capture light. Photodetectors<br>are made from element semiconductors such as silicon, germanium,<br>or compound semiconductors such as indium gallium arsenide.<br>For visible light (380nm\u2013780 nm) mainly detectors made of silicon<br>(190\u20131,100 nm) and germanium (400\u20131,700 nm) are used. Due to<br>the larger band gap of silicon it is possible to also achieve com-<br>parable low noise. Conventional photodetectors, however, have<br>limited sensitivity and no internal gain, such that additional tran-<br>simpedance amplifiers are necessary for operation, which again<br>reduces the overall signal-to-noise ratio. For measuring the small-<br>est amounts of light so-called avalanche photodetectors (APDs)<br>may be used, which produce a gain factor in the hundreds using a<br>photoelectric effect based on impact ionization.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>To characterize the receiving capabilities of an attacker, we hence<br>evaluate the sensitivity of a silicon-based APD. In particular, we<br>make use of the Thorlabs APD440A2, which promises a low signal-<br>to-noise ratio at rather low optical input power levels. It operates<br>on a range from 200\u20131,000 nm with a maximum responsivity of<br>25 A W\u22121 at a noise-equivalent power of 2.5 fW. As we attempt<br>to measure a wide-range of light-emitting diodes with different<br>wavelengths, we break down the responsivity of the APD by color in<br>Figure 10. Especially the green and red LEDs exhibit almost optimal</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='14' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"30\n25\n(A/W)\n20\nResponsitivity 15\n10\n5\n0\n200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000\nWavelength (nm)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(690,1203); bottom-right:(1136,1412)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='15' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 10: Responsivity of the APD440A2 photodetector at a<br>gain factor of \ud835\udc40 = 50.</caption>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1671020, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='91' style='font-size:18px'>LaserShark: Establishing Fast, Bidirectional Communication into Air-Gapped Systems</header>\n<h1 id='92' style='font-size:22px'>3.5 Communication Protocol</h1>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Infiltrating data into devices without real-time capable proces-<br>sors requires the use of an easy and robust modulation technique.<br>For our attack, we hence use a variant of pulse-width modula-<br>tion (PWM) [see 31]: Transmitting a zero bit corresponds to a short<br>pulse while transmitting a one bit is achieved by a long pulse as<br>indicated in Figure 5 (top). This scheme is owed to the sampling<br>strategy described above. A high value indicates that the laser is<br>active, while a low value indicates that it is off. The slots where<br>the laser is not active are used to tell individual bits apart. The<br>achievable data rate consequently depends on the ratio of zero and<br>one bits. For subsequent experiments, we consider the worst-case<br>(only 1-pulses are sent) to report a lower bound of the data rate.</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>For exfiltrating data, however, we are not restricted to a particu-<br>lar sampling strategy as the attacker may choose his/her hardware<br>at will at the receiving end. On the office device, we thus use clas-<br>sical on-off-keying (OOK) for sending data, that is, a high value<br>encodes a one bit, while a low value represents a zero bit. The<br>duration of transmitting each is identical t1-bit = t0-bit. Separat-<br>ing bits as described above is not necessary: toff = 0. To further<br>increase the data rate other encodings, such as amplitude-shift key-<br>ing (ASK) [see 31, Chp. 3] or (binary) frequency-shift keying (FSK,<br>B-FSK) [see 31, Chp. 5] are possible. Exploring this, however, is left<br>to future work.</p>\n<br><h1 id='95' style='font-size:22px'>4 INFILTRATING DATA</h1>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>After outlining the attack setting and describing the underlying<br>channel for covert communication, we now demonstrate the attack<br>in practice and begin with infiltrating data into remote devices. By<br>directing a high-intensity laser beam onto a office device\u2019s LED it<br>is possible to induce a measurable current that allows to establish<br>data communication. The experimental setup is detailed in Figure 6.</p>\n<figure><img id='97' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Telescope\nLaser Target\nDistance (m)\nDriver Controller\" data-coord=\"top-left:(108,936); bottom-right:(613,1082)\" /></figure>\n<p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 6: Experimental setup for infiltrating data.</p>\n<p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In particular, in Section 4.1, we systematically evaluate the light<br>absorption characteristics of different LEDs that can be used as a<br>receiver and thus contrary to its intended purpose. In Section 4.2, we<br>then describe the laser modules necessary to actuate the LEDs and<br>address peculiarities of the used hardware, the necessary optics, and<br>issues with vibrations. Based on these characterizations, we conduct<br>two experiments in Section 4.3. We first establish an empirical upper<br>limit for infiltrating data based on the described target devices over<br>a rather short distance, before we conduct measurements in an<br>realistic setting with distances of up to 40 m.</p>\n<br><h1 id='100' style='font-size:22px'>4.1 LEDs as Receiver</h1>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>For the attack to succeed, the wavelength of the used laser needs<br>to align with the absorption spectrum of the LEDs to establish</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>a reliable communication channel for infiltrating data. We thus<br>inspect the light absorption of common LEDs, that enables us to<br>put the measurements of the device-specific LEDs as presented in<br>Figure 2 for the Yealink telephone into perspective. Details and<br>specifications of the specific LEDs are provided in Appendix A.</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In principle, any reversely biased LED can act as a poorly de-<br>signed photodetector for which the flow of electricity is caused<br>in the entire active layer and the junction itself. Therefore, the<br>absorption spectrum of an LED equals the spectrum of the emit-<br>ted wavelength. Hence, we begin with determining the absorption<br>spectra of the diodes in question. This is commonly done using a<br>white-light source (e.g., a LOT Quantum Design, LSH 302) and a<br>monochromator (e.g., MC Pherson 2035) to continuously adjust the<br>wavelength. To better focus the light on the LED, additional optics<br>is used. Figure 7 shows the absorption curves for seven diodes,<br>for which we measure the induced voltage in dependence on the<br>illuminated light for different wavelengths with a resolution of<br>5 nm.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='104' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"white\n(V) 2 green\nblue\nVoltage 1 gr/ye yellow\nred\norange\n0\n300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700\nWavelength (nm)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(664,614); bottom-right:(1169,770)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='105' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 7: Absorption curves of seven LEDs of different color.</caption>\n<p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Usually, the absorption curve is shifted towards the lower end of<br>the emitted spectra of wavelengths, as the LED is not able to detect<br>photons of lower energy than its band gap [39]. This is in line with<br>our measurements, where the absorption of most diodes ranges<br>broadly around the original color. Interestingly, this is not the case<br>for the green SMD LED that the Yealink telephone uses (cf. Figure 2<br>top), where the absorption spectrum does not fit the emitting color<br>at all, but leans towards white and blue color. Here, apparently,<br>a white LED with a green colored cover has been built-in rather<br>than a diode that actually emits green light. Of course, the diode<br>may still be used for establishing a covert channel, but needs to be<br>illuminated with a blue laser instead.</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>4.2 Laser Modules</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The wavelength of the used laser beam is crucial for establishing a<br>communication channel with a particular LED. To provide further<br>insight into these relations, we determine the emission wavelengths<br>and laser spectra of different laser modules in Section 4.2.1. Next<br>to a matching (and powerful) laser, it is crucial for a successful<br>attack to precisely focus the laser beam onto the targeted LED.<br>In Section 4.2.2, we present the optical equipment used in our<br>experiment and discuss how to handle vibrations to stabilize the<br>laser beam.</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>4.2.1 Laser spectra. We measure the light of four different lasers<br>using the free space input of an optical spectrum analyzer (An-<br>ritsu MS9701C) within a span of 20 nm and a resolution of 0.04 nm.<br>The corresponding wavelengths are shown in the bottom part of</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2553653, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='17' style='font-size:20px'>Dimensions (mm)</h1>\n<figure><img id='18' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(69,119); bottom-right:(422,368)\" /></figure>\n<br><table id='19' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Description</td><td>A</td><td>B</td><td>C</td><td>D</td><td>Size (mm)</td></tr><tr><td>LED DLR G1 10Wxxx</td><td>95</td><td>80</td><td>54</td><td>63</td><td>\u00d895x54</td></tr><tr><td>LED DLR G1 18Wxxx</td><td>172</td><td>145</td><td>90</td><td>127</td><td>\u00d8172x90</td></tr><tr><td>LED DLR G1 23Wxxx</td><td>172</td><td>145</td><td>90</td><td>127</td><td>\u00d8172x90</td></tr><tr><td>LED DLR G1 33Wxxx</td><td>228</td><td>195</td><td>99</td><td>176</td><td>\u00d8228x99</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='20' style='font-size:20px'>Order logic</h1>\n<table id='21' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Internal Code</td><td>Generation</td><td>Wattage</td><td>CRI</td><td>CCT</td><td>Control</td><td>Beam angle</td><td>Finishing color</td><td>Shipment</td></tr><tr><td>LED DLR</td><td>G1 - Generation 1</td><td>10W 18W 23W 33W 35W</td><td>8 - 85 CRI</td><td>30 - 3000K 40 - 4000K</td><td>S - Static D - DALI</td><td>36D - 36 degree 55D - 55 degree</td><td>W - White - RAL 9010 G - Grey - RAL 9006 Black - Black - RAL 9005</td><td>-</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Example: LED DLR G1 10W 840 S 36D W - 10W 85 CRI 4000K downlight G1 with 36\u00b0 beam angle with static driver in white housing</p>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:20px'>Photometric data</h1>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='24' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"105\u00b0 105\u00b0\n90\u00b0 90\u00b0\n75\u00b0 75\u00b0\n800\n60\u00b0 60\u00b0\n1200\n45\u00b0 1600 45\u00b0\n2000\n30\u00b0 15\u00b0 0\u00b0 0\u00b0 15\u00b0 30\u00b0\ncd 2000 lm\nC0 - C180 C90 - C270\" data-coord=\"top-left:(47,1018); bottom-right:(313,1282)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='25' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"105\u00b0 105\u00b0\n90\u00b0 90\u00b0\n75\u00b0 75\u00b0\n800\n60\u00b0 60\u00b0\n1200\n45\u00b0 1600 45\u00b0\n2000\n30\u00b0 15\u00b0 0\u00b0 0\u00b0 15\u00b0 30\u00b0\ncd 2000 lm\nC0 - C180 C90 - C270\" data-coord=\"top-left:(330,1018); bottom-right:(590,1280)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='26' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"105\u00b0 105\u00b0\n90\u00b0 90\u00b0\n75\u00b0 75\u00b0\n1000\n60\u00b0 60\u00b0\n1500\n45\u00b0 2000 45\u00b0\n2500\n30\u00b0 15\u00b0 0\u00b0 0\u00b0 15\u00b0 30\u00b0\ncd 2500 lm\nC0 - C180 C90 - C270\" data-coord=\"top-left:(622,1016); bottom-right:(882,1277)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>18W 3000K</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>18W 4000K</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='29' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"105\u00b0 105\u00b0\n90\u00b0 90\u00b0\n75\u00b0 75\u00b0\n60\u00b0 60\u00b0\n1600\n45\u00b0 45\u00b0\n2400\n3200\n30\u00b0 15\u00b0 0\u00b0 0\u00b0 15\u00b0 30\u00b0\ncd 3400 lm\nC0 - C180 C90 - C270\" data-coord=\"top-left:(44,1351); bottom-right:(311,1617)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='30' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"105\u00b0 105\u00b0\n90\u00b0 90\u00b0\n75\u00b0 75\u00b0\n60\u00b0 60\u00b0\n1600\n45\u00b0 45\u00b0\n2400\n30\u00b0 15\u00b0 0\u00b0 0\u00b0 15\u00b0 30\u00b0\ncd 2500 lm\nC0 - C180 C90 - C270\" data-coord=\"top-left:(913,1017); bottom-right:(1175,1281)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>23W 3000K</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='32' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"105\u00b0 105\u00b0\n90\u00b0 90\u00b0\n75\u00b0 75\u00b0\n60\u00b0 60\u00b0\n2000\n45\u00b0 45\u00b0\n3000\n30\u00b0 15\u00b0 0\u00b0 0\u00b0 15\u00b0 30\u00b0\ncd 3400 lm\nC0 - C180 C90 - C270\" data-coord=\"top-left:(338,1353); bottom-right:(605,1620)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>23W 4000K</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>33W 3000K 33W 4000K</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Only for indicative purpose. For lighting design, please use the ldt photometry files available for the products.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 573781, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='373' style='font-size:20px'>GLOSSARY OF TERMS</h1>\n<h1 id='374' style='font-size:16px'>PHOSPHOR</h1>\n<br><p id='375' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A coating of phosphorescent material which photons from<br>a royal blue LED pass through causing those photons to exit<br>with a different colour property.</p>\n<h1 id='376' style='font-size:16px'>PHOTOMETRIC DATA</h1>\n<br><p id='377' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Is a generic term for light output and distribution data for a lamp<br>or luminaire and can be shown in many formats. Generally data is<br>produced following the IES or ELUMDAT method to provide a .ies<br>or .ldt computer file for use in a lighting design program such as<br>Relux or Dialux. Photometric data is available for a wide selection<br>of Luceco luminaires from our website.</p>\n<h1 id='378' style='font-size:16px'>POWER FACTOR</h1>\n<br><p id='379' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The active power divided by the apparent power<br>(i.e., product of the rms input voltage and rms input<br>current of a driver).</p>\n<br><p id='380' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>CRI</p>\n<h1 id='381' style='font-size:16px'>POWER FACTOR CORRECTION</h1>\n<br><h1 id='382' style='font-size:22px'>80></h1>\n<p id='383' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In an electronic device, such as an LED lighting fixture, a system<br>of inductors, capacitors, or voltage converters to adjust the power<br>factor of electronic devices toward the ideal power factor of 1.0.</p>\n<h1 id='384' style='font-size:16px'>REACH</h1>\n<br><p id='385' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation & restriction of Chemicals.<br>The EU Directive covering the use of hazardous chemicals used<br>in the manufacturing process and supply of products.</p>\n<h1 id='386' style='font-size:16px'>REMOTE LED DRIVER</h1>\n<br><p id='387' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Some LED lights in our range use a remote plug and play LED<br>Driver, that offers flexibility to select either a fixed output,<br>dimmable driver or emergency versions, with all being<br>interchangeable.</p>\n<br><p id='388' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>TASK LIGHTING<br>Localised lighting intended for a specific task.</p>\n<figure><img id='389' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(645,233); bottom-right:(1029,519)\" /></figure>\n<p id='390' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T HERMAL MANAGEMENT<br>Controlling the operating temperature of the product through<br>design, examples include heat sinks and improved airflow.</p>\n<p id='391' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Tp(a)</p>\n<h1 id='392' style='font-size:16px'>REMOTE PHOSPHOR</h1>\n<br><p id='393' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Diffusers used in recessed luminaires are classified in relevance<br>to their resistance to fire and spread of flame. TP(a) is the highest<br>classification but has lower efficacy due to the compromise<br>in light transmittance.</p>\n<p id='394' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A phosphor conversion technique in which photons from a royal blue<br>LED pass through a phosphor material that is not attached to the LED<br>chip.</p>\n<br><p id='395' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Tp(b)</p>\n<p id='396' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>RoHS</p>\n<br><p id='397' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Diffusers are acceptable for the majority of applications, following<br>the 2013 revision of the building regulations. Approved Document<br>B \u2013 Fire Safety: Volume: Building other than dwellinghouses,<br>includes further detail.</p>\n<p id='398' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Restriction of Hazardous Substances<br>(2002/95/EC) is an article 95 directive, meaning<br>it is across all European Union member states. Since July 1st<br>2006 the use of hazardous substances is restricted in products,<br>to prevent environmental harm. The prohibited substances are<br>Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Polybrominated<br>Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers.<br>All relevant Luceco products comply.</p>\n<br><p id='399' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>U LOR</p>\n<br><p id='400' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Upward Light Output Ratio, the percentage<br>of light emitted from a lamp or luminaire<br>above the horizontal plane.</p>\n<br><p id='401' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ULTRAVIOLET (UV)</p>\n<br><p id='402' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>%</p>\n<h1 id='403' style='font-size:16px'>SELF-CONTAINED</h1>\n<br><p id='404' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Electromagnetic radiation with wavelength shorter than<br>that of visible light. LEDs emit minimal UV and therefore<br>do not attract insects or potentially damage sensitive<br>materials illuminated by them.</p>\n<br><p id='405' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\uf185</p>\n<p id='406' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The most common type of Emergency lighting luminaire, where all<br>of the components are within one Emergency luminaire. This can<br>include gear boxes connected directly to individual luminaires but<br>outside the main luminaire housing. If within 1m, it is classed as self-<br>contained.</p>\n<br><h1 id='407' style='font-size:16px'>UTILISATION FACTOR</h1>\n<br><p id='408' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In lighting design, the proportion of the luminous flux emitted<br>by a light source, which reaches the working plane.</p>\n<p id='409' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SMDs<br>Surface-mount LEDs.</p>\n<br><p id='410' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>VOLTAGE</p>\n<p id='411' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SOURCE LUMENS (LM)<br>Source or Chip lumens is the output of the LED array and does<br>not allow for any reduction or increase from the luminaire.</p>\n<br><p id='412' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The term used to describe the electrical potential difference<br>between oppositely charged conductors.</p>\n<h1 id='413' style='font-size:16px'>SOURCE WATTAGE</h1>\n<br><p id='414' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>WATTAGE<br>The power consumed by the LED.</p>\n<p id='415' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Also could be referred to as chip wattage is for the LED only<br>and does not include any control gear.</p>\n<br><p id='416' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>5W</p>\n<br><p id='417' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>LED</p>\n<p id='418' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>TECHNICAL</p>\n<br><h1 id='419' style='font-size:20px'>INDEX</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1263974, "type": "text", "content": "# Arize\u00ae Factor ML900\n\n\n# Spectra\n\n\n# Type R\n\n\n \n\nHigh red light to optimize plant growth and photosynthesis\n\n\n# Type F\n\n\n \n\nEncourages a stretching and expansion response \nfor more robust growth\n\n\n \n\n# Type B\n\n\n \n\nLight that supports biomass and secondary \nmetabolite production\n\n\n# Spectrum table\n\n\n\u00b9 Typical PPF +/-10% \u00b2 Tested at maximum input voltage of 480VAC\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 573780, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='299' style='font-size:22px'>GLOSSARY OF TERMS</h1>\n<h1 id='300' style='font-size:20px'>INGRESS PROTECTION (IP) RATING</h1>\n<br><p id='301' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A system that identifies the protection that a lamp or<br>luminaire has against solid objects and water. The first<br>digit being solid object protection and the second one<br>resistance to water. All Luceco products IP20 unless<br>otherwise stated.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='302' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"IP65\nRATED\" data-coord=\"top-left:(533,172); bottom-right:(607,256)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='303' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ISOLUX DIAGRAM<br>A graphical representation of common illuminance levels to show<br>lighting levels over a calculated area.</p>\n<table id='304' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td colspan=\"2\">PROTECTION AGAINST SOLID FOREIGN OBJECTS</td><td colspan=\"2\">PROTECTION AGAINST HARMFUL INGRESS OF WATER</td><td>5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5</td></tr><tr><td>IP</td><td>TESTS</td><td>IP</td><td>TEST</td><td>3.0 2.5</td></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>No protection</td><td>0</td><td>No protection</td><td>2.0 1.5</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>Full penetration of 50mm diameter of sphere not allowed. Contact with hazardous parts not permitted.</td><td>1</td><td>Protected against vertically falling drops of water.</td><td>1.0 0.5 0.0</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Full penetration of 12.5mm diameter of sphere not allowed. The jointed test finger shall have adequate clearance from hazardous parts.</td><td>2</td><td>Protected against vertically falling drops of water with enclosure tilted 15\u02da from the vertical.</td><td>0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 [m] 200 300 500 750 1000 Illuminance [lx]</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>The access probe of 2.5mm diameter shall not penetrate.</td><td>3</td><td>Protected against sprays to 60\u02dafrom the vertical.</td><td>JUNCTION</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>The access probe of 1mm diameter shall not penetrate.</td><td>4</td><td>Protected against water splashed from all directions - limited ingress permitted.</td><td>The point at which the Positive and Negative conductors meet LED.</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Limited ingress of dust permitted (no harmful deposit).</td><td>5</td><td>Protected against low pressure jets of water from all directions - limited ingress permitted.</td><td>JUNCTION TEMPERATURE A critical consideration in LED lamp or luminaire design.</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>No ingress of dust.</td><td>6</td><td>Protected against strong jets of water e.g. for use on ship decks - limited ingress permitted.</td><td>every 10\u02daC that the junction temperature exceeds the figure, life of the LED chip is reduced by 50%. Overrunning by operating at higher amps will cause this to happen.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>7</td><td>Protected against the effects of immersion between 150mm and 1m.</td><td>KELVIN</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>8</td><td>Protected against continuous submersion at a specified depth.</td><td>The SI unit used to measure and denote colour temperature, degrees Kelvin.</td></tr></table>\n<br><figure><img id='305' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"[m]\nN\n6.0\n5.5\" data-coord=\"top-left:(641,244); bottom-right:(1172,556)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='306' style='font-size:20px'>IES</h1>\n<br><p id='307' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Illuminating Engineering Society, an American organisation that<br>provides standards and recommendations. Photometric data files<br>are common in .ies file format.</p>\n<h1 id='308' style='font-size:20px'>ILLUMINANCE</h1>\n<br><p id='309' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The intensity of light falling on a surface area. If the area is<br>measured in square feet, the unit of illuminance is footcandles (fc).<br>If measured in square meters, the unit of illuminance is lux (lx).</p>\n<h1 id='310' style='font-size:20px'>INDIRECT LIGHTING</h1>\n<br><p id='311' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lighting that is reflected by room<br>surfaces or within the luminaire<br>before falling on to the working area.<br>As a result of reflection it is often<br>lower in intensity and glare.</p>\n<p id='312' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>INITIAL LUMENS<br>The output up to 100 hours use.</p>\n<h1 id='313' style='font-size:20px'>INRUSH CURRENT</h1>\n<br><p id='314' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Components such as drivers can have high inrush currents<br>for milliseconds due to the use of capacitors, this should<br>be considered when specifying switching and breaker ratings.</p>\n<h1 id='315' style='font-size:20px'>INTEGRATING SPHERE</h1>\n<br><p id='316' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>kWh</p>\n<br><p id='317' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Kilo-Watt-hour is the typical billing unit for electricity costs and<br>represents 1kW of power over a 1 hour duration.</p>\n<p id='318' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LAMP</p>\n<br><p id='319' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A lamp converts electrical power into light and<br>sometimes they are called \u2018bulbs\u2019 due to the<br>traditional lamp shape.</p>\n<p id='320' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LED</p>\n<p id='321' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A device used for a variety of optical, photometric, or radiometric<br>measurements.</p>\n<br><p id='322' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Light Emitting Diode. An LED is a solid-state<br>semiconductor device that converts electrical<br>energy directly into light. On its most basic<br>level, the semiconductor is comprised<br>of two regions. The p-region contains positive<br>electrical charges while the n-region contains<br>negative electrical charges. When voltage<br>is applied and current begins to flow, the<br>electrons move across the n-region into the<br>p-region. The process of an electron moving<br>through the p-n junction releases energy. The<br>dispersion of this energy produces photons<br>with visible wavelengths. Most LEDs emit a<br>blue light as that is the most efficient format,<br>a phosphor coating turns the blue light into the<br>white light required.</p>\n<p id='323' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LED RATED LIFE</p>\n<br><p id='324' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>in a</p>\n<p id='325' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LEDs</p>\n<figure><img id='326' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1047,1122); bottom-right:(1143,1390)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='327' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For</p>\n<br><p id='328' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>optimum</p>\n<p id='329' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LED chip figures are quoted by the chip manufacturer<br>and in some cases these are not translated when the<br>chip is used in a luminaire where it can run hotter.<br>As heat affects the LED chip, the life can be reduced<br>dramatically.</p>\n<br><p id='330' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>30,000</p>\n<br><p id='331' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LIGHT OUTPUT RATIO (LOR)</p>\n<p id='332' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>HOURS</p>\n<br><p id='333' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>TECHNICAL TECHNICAL</p>\n<br><p id='334' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Light Output Ratio is the percentage difference between the<br>luminous flux emitted by the light source and the amount emitted<br>from the fixture it is housed in.</p>\n<h1 id='335' style='font-size:20px'>LOR =</h1>\n<br><p id='336' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LUMEN OUTPUT (Luminaire)</p>\n<br><p id='337' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LUMEN OUTPUT (Lamp)</p>\n<br><h1 id='338' style='font-size:22px'>GLOSSARY OF TERMS</h1>\n<h1 id='339' style='font-size:20px'>Llm/W</h1>\n<br><p id='340' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Luminaire lumens per circuit watt is total lumens<br>emitted from the luminaire (source lumens x LOR) /<br>total luminaire wattage including control gear.</p>\n<br><p id='341' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>60<br>Lm/W</p>\n<br><p id='342' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LUX (LX)<br>The SI (International) unit of illuminance, or luminous flux incident<br>on a unit area, frequently defined as one lumen per square metre<br>(lm/m2).</p>\n<p id='343' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The international (SI) unit of luminous flux. Lumens will become<br>the measure of light output as watts can not be a reliable measure<br>due to the different efficacy of light sources and the ongoing<br>improvement in LED efficacy through development.</p>\n<br><h1 id='344' style='font-size:20px'>LUMENS (lm)</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='345' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Low Light Living Room Office Supermarket\n50 lux 200 lux 500 lux 1000 lux\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1884,289); bottom-right:(2393,417)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='346' style='font-size:20px'>L UMEN DEPRECIATION</h1>\n<br><p id='347' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Describes the percentage of light lost relative to the initial lumen<br>output. LEDs depreciate at a far slower rate than other light<br>sources, so a LED with a lower initial output can quickly provide<br>more light than a faster depreciating light source.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='348' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"%\nDAY 1 1 YEAR 5 YEARS\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1340,776); bottom-right:(1600,976)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='349' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>MAINTAINED EMERGENCY</p>\n<br><p id='350' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A maintained emergency luminaire is able to be used for both<br>general and emergency lighting, a second live cable allows it to be<br>turned on/off as required and detect a mains power circuit failure.</p>\n<h1 id='351' style='font-size:20px'>LUMEN MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<br><p id='352' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The luminous flux at a given time in the life of the LED. This is<br>expressed as a percentage of the initial luminous flux. This usually<br>determines the rated life of a LED product as the point it should be<br>replaced.</p>\n<br><h1 id='353' style='font-size:20px'>MICROWAVE SENSOR</h1>\n<br><p id='354' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The sensor emits low power microwaves that form a pattern in the<br>area covered. When movement disturbs the pattern, movement<br>is detected and the sensor turns the light source on. microwave<br>sensors are only recommended for indoor use as they are<br>sensitive to movement and not heat.</p>\n<p id='355' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The light emitted from a luminaire will typically<br>differ from the source lumens. This can be<br>from losses within the luminaire housing. Also<br>it is common for LED\u2019s to operate at a higher<br>temperature in the luminaire, this can lead to the output<br>increasing when compared to the source (chip) lumens.<br>Luminaire lumens will be Source lumens x LOR.</p>\n<br><p id='356' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LUMINAIRE<br>A lighting fixture complete with installed lamps or light source.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='357' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"2.6m\n6m\n30m\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1863,786); bottom-right:(2377,941)\" /></figure>\n<p id='358' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>NON-MAINTAINED EMERGENCY<br>A Non-Maintained emergency luminaire ONLY operates<br>in emergency mode and is not for general lighting.</p>\n<p id='359' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LUMINAIRE LUMENS (Llm)</p>\n<br><p id='360' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>200<br>LUMINAIRE<br>LUMENS</p>\n<br><p id='361' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lighting also called \u2018anti-panic\u2019 area lighting is emergency<br>lighting where not a high risk area or escape route.</p>\n<br><p id='362' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>OPEN AREA</p>\n<p id='363' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LUMINANCE<br>The surface brightness of an object and measured in candelas/m2.</p>\n<br><p id='364' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LUMINAIRE WATTAGE<br>Is the total of the LED and any control gear included.</p>\n<br><p id='365' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES (OLED)</p>\n<p id='366' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LUMINOUS EFFICIENCY<br>The percentage of total lamp lumens that a lighting fixture,<br>luminaire, or system emits, minus any blocked or wasted light.</p>\n<br><p id='367' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are based on organic<br>(carbon based) materials. In contrast to LEDs, which are small<br>point sources, OLEDs are made in sheets which provide a diffuse<br>area light source. OLED technology is developing rapidly and is<br>increasingly used in display applications such as mobile phones<br>and PDA screens. However, OLEDs are still some years away from<br>becoming a practical general illumination source.</p>\n<p id='368' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>PIR</p>\n<br><p id='369' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Passive Infra Red sensors detect movement by the change<br>in background temperature as body heat moves into the area.</p>\n<figure><img id='370' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"2.8m\n7m\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1862,1444); bottom-right:(2383,1661)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='371' style='font-size:20px'>www.luceco.com 155</footer>\n<br><footer id='372' style='font-size:18px'>154 LIGHTING POSSIBILITIES</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 63723, "type": "text", "content": "Effect of different light spectrums on growth and \ndevelopment of Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) \nin vitro cultures\n\n\n \n\nToms Kondratovics1; Ineta Samsone1; Toms Oskars Gross1; Elva Girgzde; Martins\nZeps2\n\n\n1 Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u00abSilava\u00bb, Laboratory of Plant\nPhysiology \n2 Latvian State Forest Research Institute \u00abSilava\u00bb, Department of Forest\nBreeding\n\n\n# Introduction\n\n\n \n\nLight emitting diodes (LED) offer many advantages over conventional \nfluorescent lighting as a light source for in vitro cultures. LEDs are \nenergy efficient, produce less heat and the spectral composition can be \nadjusted to specific requirements. Currently indoor farming systems \nutilise adapted LED lighting spectrums for various crop species, \nwhereas there are limited solutions for micropropagation of woody tree \nspecies. Our aim was to develop an innovative LED lighting system \nspecifically adapted for in vitro propagation of silver birch (Betula \npendula Roth) clones.\n\n\n# Methods\n\n\n \n\n10 silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) clones were cultivated in vitro on \nsolidified (plant agar 6,0 g.L-1) Woody Plant Medium (WPM) \nsupplemented with 0,06 M Sucrose and 0,1 mg.L-1 Zeatin. Culture \nmedium pH was set to 5,8 before autoclaving. Cultures were grown for \n5 weeks under LED lighting with three different spectral compositions \n(Fig.1.): 1) Red + Blue (RB) 2) Red + Green + Blue (RGB) 3) Red + \nOrange + Yellow + Green + Blue (RGBYO) and fluorescent tubes (FL) \nas control lighting. Photon flux density was constant at 115\u00b15 \u00b5mol.m- \n2.s-1 with 16/8h (day/night) photoperiod. Ambient temperature was set to \n25oC. To evaluate the effect of different light spectrums, we compared \nplant growth parameters (main shoot and total shoot length, number of \ninternodes, length of 3rd internode, fresh and dry weight, average leaf \narea and leaf area of a single plant, photosynthetic pigment \nconcentration, chlorophyll A fluorescence) and multiplication index.\n\n\n# Results\n\n\n \n\nThere were no significant differences of total shoot (fig.2a.) and main \nshoot length (fig.2b.), number of internodes, length of 3rd internode, \nfresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigment concentration and \nmultiplication index (fig.2c.) between FL and LED luminaires. Plants \ngrown under RB spectrum had significantly lower fluorescence \nparameter Fv/Fm values (fig.2d.) compared to plants grown under \ncontrol lighting (FL) and significantly lower leaf area of a single plant \n(fig.2e.) and average leaf area (fig.2f.) compared to FL, RGB, RGBYO. \nAlthough no significant differences were detected for multiplication \nindices of RGBYO and RB, RGBYO plants had significantly higher \nmain and total shoot length than RB plants. Our initial results suggest \nthat in vitro cultures of Silver birch grown under LED lighting with \nvarious spectral compositions perform equally well under fluorescent \nlamps. Overall the use of a narrower spectral composition (RB) resulted \nin a reduction of plant growth, compared to the control lighting (FL) and \nLED lighting with a broader spectral composition. We suspect that \nbroad spectrum LEDs could outperform traditional fluorescent lamps \nunder lower photon flux density, if unnecessary spectral regions are \nremoved. Additional data is needed to support this hypothesis.\n\n\nEuropean Regional Development Fund project (No. 1.1.1.1/18/A/138) \nDevelopment of specially adapted LED luminaires for efficient \nand energy-efficient tree propagation and rootstock process\n\n\n \n\nBlue Green Yellow Orange Red Far-red Red:Blue Red:Far-red\n\n\ncm2\n\n\n \n\nLeafareaofsingleplant,\n\n\n \n\nFig. 2. Growth parameters (total shoot length (a), main shoot length (b),\nfluorescence parameter Fv/Fm (d), Leaf area of \nsingle plant (e), average leaf area (f)) and multiplication index (c) of\nSilver birch in vitro cultures grown under different \nspectral compositions\n\n\n \n\nFig.3. 5-week old In vitro cultures of silver birch clone 589-805 grown under\ndifferent spectral composition lightings.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 919457, "type": "text", "content": "# 370\u2013381.\n\n\n \n\n10\\. Mariz-Ponte, N.; Mendes, R.J.; Sario, S.; Melo, P.; Santos, C. Moderate\nUV-A supplementation benefits tomato seed and \nseedling invigoration: A contribution to the use of UV in seed technology.\nSci. Hortic. 2018, 235, 357\u2013366. \n11\\. Mariz-Ponte, N.; Martins, S.; Gon\u00e7alves, A.; Correia, C.M.; Ribeiro, C.;\nDias, M.C.; Santos, C. The potential use of the UV- \nA and UV-B to improve tomato quality and preference for consumers. Sci.\nHortic. 2019, 246, 777\u2013784. \n12\\. Nelson, J.A.; Bugbee, B. Economic analysis of greenhouse lighting: Light\nemitting diodes vs. high-intensity discharge \nfixtures. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e99010. \n13\\. Escobar-Bravo, R.; Chen, G.; Kim, H.K.; Grosser, K.; van Dam, N.M.;\nLeiss, K.A.; Klinkhamer, P.G. Ultraviolet radiation \nexposure time and intensity modulate tomato resistance to herbivory through\nactivation of jasmonic acid signaling. J. \nExp. Bot. 2019, 70, 315\u2013327. \n14\\. Bashri, G.; Singh, M.; Mishra, R.K.; Kumar, J.; Singh, V.P.; Prasad, S.M.\nKinetin regulates UV-B-induced damage to \ngrowth, photosystem II photochemistry, and nitrogen metabolism in tomato\nseedlings. J. Plant Growth Regul. 2018, \n37, 233\u2013245. \n15\\. Lee, J.; Oh, M.; Son, K. Short-Term Ultraviolet (UV)-A Light-Emitting\nDiode (LED) Radiation Improves Biomass and \nBioactive Compounds of Kale. Front. Plant Sci. 2019, 10, 1042. \n16\\. Dias, M.C.; Pinto, M.D.; Correia, C.; Silva, A.M.S.; Santos, C. UV-B\nradiation modulates physiology and lipophilic \nmetabolite profile in Olea europaea. J. Plant Physiol. 2018, 222, 39\u201350. \n17\\. Katsoulas, N.; Bari, A.; Papaioannou, C. Plant Responses to UV Blocking\nGreenhouse Covering Materials: A Review. \nAgronomy 2020, 10, 1021. \n18\\. Yokawa, K.; Kagenishi, T.; Baluska, F. UV-B Induced Generation of\nReactive Oxygen Species Promotes Formation of \nBFA-Induced Compartments in Cells of Arabidopsis Root Apices. Front. Plant\nSci. 2015, 6, 1162. \n19\\. Brazaityt\u0117, A.; Vir\u0161il\u0117, A.; Jankauskien\u0117, J.; Sakalauskien\u0117, S.;\nSirtautas, R.; Novi\u010dkovas, A.; Daba\u0161inskasm, L.; \nMiliauskien\u0117, J.; Va\u0161takait\u0117, V.; Bagdonavi\u010dien\u0117, A.; et al. Effect of\nsupplemental UV-A irradiation in solid-state lighting \non the growth and phytochemical content of microgreens. Int. Agrophys. 2013,\n29, 13\u201322. \n20\\. Osorio, S.; Ruan, Y.; Fernie, A.R. An update on source-to-sink carbon\npartitioning in tomato. Front. Plant Sci. 2014, 5, \n516. \n21\\. Ara\u00fajo, M.; Santos, C.; Costa, M.; Moutinho-Pereira, J.; Correia, C.;\nDias, M.C. Plasticity of young Moringa oleifera L. \nplants to face water deficit and UVB radiation challenges. J. Photochem.\nPhotobiol. B Biol. 2016, 162, 278\u2013285. \n22\\. Inostroza-Blancheteau, C.; Acevedo, P.; Loyola, R.; Arce-Johnson, P.;\nAlberdi, M.; Reyes-D\u00edaz, M. Short-term UV-B \nradiation affects photosynthetic performance and antioxidant gene expression\nin highbush blueberry leaves. Plant \nPhysiol. Biochem. 2016, 107, 301\u2013309. \n23\\. Khudyakova, A.Y.; Kreslavski, V.D.; Shmarev, A.N.; Lyubimov, V.Y.;\nShirshikova, G.N.; Pashkovskiy, P.P.; Kuznetsov, \nV.V.; Allakhverdiev, S.I. Impact of UV-B radiation on the photosystem II\nactivity, pro-/antioxidant balance and \nexpression of light-activated genes in Arabidopsis thaliana hy4 mutants grown\nunder light of different spectral \ncomposition. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. 2019, 194, 14\u201320. \n24\\. Gao, L.; Wang, X.; Li, Y.; Han, R. Chloroplast proteomic analysis of\nTriticum aestivum L. seedlings responses to low \nlevels of UV-B stress reveals novel molecular mechanism associated with UV-B\ntolerance. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. \n2019, 26, 7143\u20137155. \n25\\. Soriano, G.; Del-Castillo-Alonso, M.\u00c1.; Monforte, L.; Tom\u00e1s-Las-Heras,\nR.; Mart\u00ednez-Abaigar, J.; N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Olivera, E. \nPhotosynthetically-active radiation, UV-A and UV-B, causes both common and\nspecific damage and photoprotective \nresponses in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis.\nPhotochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2019, 18, 400\u2013 \n412. \n26\\. Nascimento, L.B.; Brunetti, C.; Agati, G.; Lo Iacono, C. Short-Term Pre-\nHarvest UV-B Supplement Enhances the \nPolyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Ocimum basilicum Leaves during\nStorage. Plants 2020, 9, 797. \n27\\. Mariz-Ponte, N.; Mendes, R.J.; Sario, S.; de Oliveira, J.F.; Melo, P.;\nSantos, C. Tomato plants use non-enzymatic \nantioxidant pathways to cope with moderate UV-A/B irradiation: A contribution\nto the use of UV-A/B in horticulture. J. \nPlant Physiol. 2018, 221, 32\u201342. \n28\\. Huch\u00e9-Th\u00e9lier, L.; Crespel, L.; Gourrierec, J.L.; Morel, P.; Sakr, S.;\nLeduc, N. Light signaling and plant responses to blue \nand UV radiations-Perspectives for applications in horticulture. Environ. Exp.\nBot. 2016, 121, 22\u201338. \n29\\. Yadav, A.; Bakshi, A.; Yadukrishnan, P.; Lingwan, M.; Dolde, U.; Wenkel,\nS.; Masakapalli, S.; Datta, S. The B-Box- \nContaining MicroProtein miP1a/BBX31 Regulates Photomorphogenesis and UV-B\nProtection. Plant Physiol. 2019, 179, \n1876\u20131892. \n30\\. Kang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zou, J.; Yang, Q.; Li, T. Ultraviolet-A\nradiation stimulates growth of indoor cultivated \ntomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. HortScience 2018, 53, 1429\u20131433. \n31\\. Qian, M.; Kalbina, I.; Rosenqvist, E.; Jansen, M.A.; Teng, Y.; Strid, \u00c5.\nUV regulates the expression of phenylpropanoid \nbiosynthesis genes in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in an organ and spectrum\ndependent manner. Photochem. \nPhotobiol. Sci. 2019, 8, 424\u2013433. \n32\\. Wargent, J.; Nelson, B.; McGhie, T.; Barnes, P. Acclimation to UV-B\nradiation and visible light in Lactuca sativa involves \nup-regulation of photosynthetic performance and orchestration of metabolome-\nwide responses. Plant Cell Environ.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If you need to identify the optimal LED spectrum for Silver birch growth from a new set of data that introduces an unknown LED spectrum X, and you also want to convert the photon flux densities from µmol.m-2.s-1 to watts per square meter for all spectra, what are the steps you would follow to conclude which spectrum is most effective?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 703, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "format reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1265793, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='36' style='font-size:16px'>46</header>\n<br><header id='37' style='font-size:16px'>Emerging Economies Cases Journal 2(1)</header>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Dubai in exclusivity was the first and largest operational<br>base of BankBuddy. Thanks to the true cosmopolitan and<br>multi-cultural nature of the city, Dubai has provided an<br>opportunity to explore a diverse demographic, ethnographic<br>and linguistic user base. Dubai has a culture of innovation<br>and ability to connect and experiment with the 200+<br>nationalities that are said to be living and operating out of<br>the city. Moreover, Dubai gave BankBuddy an opportunity<br>to perform accelerated adaptational testing of their<br>cognitive banking concepts from a single location.</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Dubai is the flagbearer of AI in the Middle East, Africa<br>and South Asia (MEASA) region. As a financial centre, it<br>has a large number of progressive financial institutions that<br>are keen to adopt and co-create innovative solutions in the<br>banking and financial services industry. The confluence of<br>a diverse market, innovative culture, regulatory<br>environment and government support has made Dubai the<br>ideal destination for international FinTechs.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>From here in Dubai, the English-speaking part of<br>Europe seems to be the next logical destination for<br>BankBuddy. Due to Dubai\u2019s cultural and linguistic<br>diversity, the next big issue to address, once the firm<br>expands into Europe, would be to find a logical entry to the<br>geographical centroid for their operations.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BankBuddy is also one of the very few firms selected<br>for the FinTech Hive, the first and largest financial<br>technology accelerator in the MEASA region.</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>As reported by Deloitte (Figure 4), more than 25<br>European countries have been selected for their IT services<br>and FinTech exports. The most important step is to identify<br>which out of these cities are the three best choices for<br>BankBuddy to immediately consider for expansion: which<br>is the best city to start operations from a cost benefit<br>standpoint? Which is the best city to start operations from<br>a time-to-market standpoint? Which is the best city to start<br>operations from a skill availability standpoint?</p>\n<h1 id='43' style='font-size:20px'>The Marketing Journey</h1>\n<br><h1 id='44' style='font-size:20px'>Marketing Roadmap: The Inception Phase</h1>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Financial institutions are struggling to keep up with the<br>rapid changes in customer behaviour, be it with new<br>messaging channels, customer service expectations or<br>personalized service delivery. A vast majority of financial<br>institutions are looking at AI to solve the aforementioned<br>challenges but with limited success because it requires a<br>unique combination of AI, technology, domain, channels<br>and customer experience. AI solutions also require a huge<br>amount of data and continuous maintenance. Therefore,<br>there is a need for a banking domain to specifically<br>productize a customer experience platform to help banks<br>leverage AI to scale.</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>As a software product start-up in a nascent technology space,<br>our first priority was to create a compelling value proposition<br>in terms of the solution breadth, scalability, and coverage. We<br>started with a product roadmap covering high impact areas to<br>help financial institutions enhance revenue with a focus on<br>customer journeys and experience.</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Traditionally, financial institutions use internal process<br>automation AI tools for cost reduction: 82 per cent of bank<br>prospects expect to have researched the products online,<br>whereas 59 per cent require help to make the final decision.<br>Additionally, 59 per cent of bank prospects do not find the<br>bank information they need on their website, while 53 per<br>cent of these will end up as an underserved customer.<br>While it was a novel idea to focus on the customer<br>experience, this strategy had seemingly worked well for<br>BankBuddy in terms of positioning them as a revenue<br>enhancement and customer experience tool with<br>pre-defined return on investment (ROI) metrics. The<br>BankBuddy retail banking product is expected to have<br>improved the customer experience in 89 per cent of<br>customer installations. AI adoption in banking is expected<br>to have reached only 35 per cent across the globe, and<br>hence, it is safe to assume that there is market and expansion<br>potential for the BankBuddy product suite.</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>When questioned about their initial benchmarks and<br>checks and balances towards a successful launch, Surya<br>explained:</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We defined specific R&D/product development objectives to<br>create a rich solution and did not go with the traditional MVP<br>approach. We benchmarked our competition, substitutes and<br>alternative solutions and launched our solution only after we<br>reached the maturity level of the industry leaders.</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>After the commercial launch, we set out a target to get at least<br>one paying customer in 4\u20135 months and managed to achieve<br>much more than that.</p>\n<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Business Processes that are Served by<br>the Product</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The product typically enhances business processes such as<br>conversion, retention, cross sell, upsell, customer service,<br>financial literacy, inclusion and journey mapping and<br>proactive robo-wealth management advisory.</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The Product\u2019s Proven Functionalities</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Due to critical features, such as comprehensive domain<br>coverage in customer journeys, best in class technology and<br>language support, some of the benefits experienced by the<br>clients have been to significantly increase their cross-sell,</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Aditya explains:</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3394147, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>firm-level factors that are necessary conditions for growth. The necessary conditions<br>logic demands that all conditions must be met if the firm is to grow. We define<br>finance, human capital, growth ambition, growth management knowledge, and<br>product-market fit as five such factors of (barriers to) growth. Our conceptualization<br>is based on 32 interviews with technology entrepreneurs, investors, and support-<br>institution representatives, data from a 3-month observation of a startup batch in a<br>venture accelerator, and the existing literature. We contextualize barriers in Spigel\u2019s<br>(2015) model of the entrepreneurial ecosystem by specifying how the conditions for<br>barriers on the entrepreneurial ecosystem level influence barriers on the firm level.</p>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1300 HOW TO GAIN ADVANTAGES FROM INTERNATIONAL R&D<br>ALLIANCES: THE ROLE OF R&D CAPACITY AND INTEGRATION<br>MECHANISMS IN SMES</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Alberto Ferraris UNIVERSITY OF TURIN<br>Gabriele Santoro UNIVERSITY OF TURIN<br>Stefano Bresciani UNIVERSITY OF TURIN</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The literature on R&D alliances has explored many aspects so far. However, when we<br>look at the R&D internationalization phenomenon, this stream of literature appears<br>poor and still many gaps exist to deal with the complexities of cross-cultural R&D<br>alliances. According to the ever growing global trends, we focused on the relationship<br>between international R&D alliances and innovation performance that seems to be<br>underestimated in literature so far, in particular in the small and medium enterprises<br>(SMEs) context. Therefore, this paper aims to fill a gap in the literature shedding light<br>on the complex relationship between international R&D alliances and the unique<br>capacity of firms of developing successful innovations into the market. More<br>specifically, this research addresses the issue of how to stimulate both incremental and<br>radical innovations, that is ambidextrous innovation, through R&D alliances<br>established by SMEs with international actors. Moreover, the research tests the role of<br>two potential enablers of international R&D alliances, R&D capacity and internal<br>integration mechanisms (IIM), which may help SMEs in improving ambidextrous<br>innovation performance. Thanks to a unique sample of Italian medium sized firms, we<br>found support of an inverted U shaped relationship between international R&D<br>alliances and ambidextrous innovation performance. Interestingly, while we did not<br>find support for the moderation effect of R&D capacity, we found that IIM enhance<br>the above mentioned relationship.</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1413 EXIT STRATEGIES FOR EUROPEAN HIGH TECH STARTUPS. THE ROLE<br>OF TIMING AND PROXIMITY IN CROSS-BORDER ACQUISITIONS<br>Alessia Pisoni UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA<br>Giada Riva UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA<br>Alberto Onetti UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The purpose of this paper is to provide substantial quantitative data and research able<br>to shed new light on the \u201cexit\u201d phase of the entrepreneurial and start-up process that<br>has been so far under-explored by extant literature on entrepreneurship. We<br>investigated the acquisition deals involving European high-tech startups. We tracked<br>1,123 cases of exited startups occurred in the period 2012-2016. The ultimate goal is</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 42611, "type": "text", "content": "# Startup legal documents templates\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2490234, "type": "text", "content": "Our antitrust practice, one of our oldest specialty practices, has seen rapid\ngrowth \nin counseling and defending foreign enterprises on matters involving the \napplication of the Sherman and Hart-Scott-Rodino Acts to their activities in\nthis \ncountry. \u2026 Hughes Hubbard lawyers routinely handle matters affecting every \ncontinent, and increasingly coordinate or advise on matters that involve\nmultiple \njurisdictions. Non-U.S. companies and governments, together with U.S. \ncompanies that consult us on a wide variety of their international operations, \nrepresent a significant majority of our clients. Lawyers from over twenty \ncountries, who collectively speak some two dozen languages, contribute to the \n23 \nongoing excellence of the Firm\u2019s international practice.\n\n\n \n\nT he international label is not claimed only by large law firms; even small\nfirms \nparticipate in this specialty. Murphy Ellis Weber, for example, is a three-\nperson law firm \nin Washington, D.C. specializing in international business advice.24 One of\nthe firm\u2019s \npartners is a British solicitor who also is admitted in the District of\nColumbia. A two- \nperson firm, Williams & Baerson, offers international tax advice as one of its\nareas of \nexpertise from its Chicago home-base.25\n\n\n# B. International Expansion Strategies\n\n\nScholars of organizational behavior identify four models of\ninternationalization \nrelated to stages of participation in the international market: domestic,\ninternational, \nmultinational, and transnational.26 For law firms, these models are relevant\nas ideal \ntypes, stages along a continuum between the purely domestic and transnational\nextremes. \nThese models provide useful analytic tools for considering the ways in which\nlaw firms \noperate as international organizations.\n\n\n2 3 See id., where the description includes reference to intellectual property\nadvice delivered from the firm\u2019s \nParis office and the statement in the text regarding foreign clients and\ninternational lawyers.\n\n\n2 4 See listing at www.martindale.com; the firm\u2019s web site is\nwww.MurphyEllisWeber.com (visited\n\n\n \n\n3/18/03).\n\n\n \n\nSee listing at www.martindale.com.\n\n\n \n\n2 5\n\n\n2 6 McWilliams et al, Strategic Managaement of Human Resources for Global\nCompetitive Advantage, \nsupra n. 13.\n\n\n \n11 \nHosted by The Berkeley Electronic Press\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 42612, "type": "text", "content": "Startup legal documents templates can be found here: github.com/D-O-P/dobbs-\napplets \nPhew\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 that's a lot of coding going on. startup legal documents templates\nwill contain detailed \nknowledge and resources for businesses interested in conducting legal\nanalysis. These include \nlegal requirements, business development options, and potential remedies\nbefore an effective \ncounterparty arrives on notice of any illegal activity. To avoid any delays or\ndifficulties finding \nan office suitable for legal research, organizations are encouraged to visit\nthe US website, \nlawworkers.org.au/legaldata/.asp#entryID=3558/ For more information refer to\nthe \"Fees, Costs \nand Services\" tab of the LegalResearch.com website (\"Estimates\") \u00e2\u20ac\u201c click\nhere to the right. \n4.1. General and Legal Consultations As with any legal research, a legal\nadvisor will work in \nclose consultation with a lawyer to create a legal framework with minimal\ndisruption in business \nhours or financial stability. These services will include legal legal forms,\nguidelines, legal fees, \nand related consulting skills to ensure that firms understand and agree upon\nthe law. With that \nknowledge these will include: a. The provision of written, oral documents; b.\nThe collection and \nmanagement processes; c. Legal strategies by practitioners. 4.2. Other\nTechnical Resources \nThis is something which is only possible through one legal consultation with\nsome of the most \nwell placed and experienced practitioners from the UK (such as lawyer Mark\nThompson). \nAlthough legal consultancy will not be the only and probably only type of\nresearch site in \nCanada, it might still be useful. Canadian financial aid and financial advice\nare available, and \nthere are also websites such as the World Bank's Financial Freedom Centre\nwhich serve large \nswathes of society in need; and numerous media, like the Huffington Post's\n\"Lobbying for \nPeace.\" 4.3. Legal Statistics at Home Our research relies on information\navailable in other \norganisations'. Such as Statistics Canada or the Department of Economic and\nSocial Research. \nAn organisation must follow a national law and have legal support. The\ngovernment needs your \napproval to be on the list. If the relevant section can't be found online\nconsult these groups. \nConsult the Federal Criminal Appeal Division by phone. Information on this\napplies, if not, be \nadvised to Contact Your Attorney on 13 April 1998. If you use or access an\nonline form for legal \nstudies in Canada or elsewhere other than Canada, a form used for legal\nresearch in England or \nin the Territories can apply, while online legal research is not legal study.\n4.4. Legal Theory The \nUK system was an early experiment; the American system is one such experiment.\nOur studies \nhave found evidence that legal concepts are linked and are discussed, so\nconsider using this \nmethod if you happen to have some understanding on what legal concepts in the\nUK are linked \nto. You will see some interesting links and explanations in our examples\nsection. If, after a short \nexamination of our sample, if the \"UK approach has made its way to the wider\npopulation, and \ncontinues to be popular throughout the UK population\", if this is indeed your\ncase and follow all \nthat you can from this page (it's free or on an established system), we will\nmake your legal \nanalysis happen. The way we do this is based on the research on an issue: in\nthis case legal \nstudies, if you don't want an introduction to one that cannot be obtained by\nregular reading, \ncontact us and ask that you do at least start with them. This should get them\nup and running \nfrom then on. One of the many things that this section gives us to look at in\ncases where the \nsystem (the UK approach) is right works for us. One that does not work for you\nor your \norganization, will take you far down our list of the top 100 Canadian legal\nscholars. Please \nconsult and say with a voice, we will try to help them and hopefully help you.\nWe would like to \nsuggest that you go to lawresearch.com \u00e2\u20ac\u201c the first site that will take you\nstraight to this \nsection with some legal literature which helps establish your legal foundation\nand will allow you \nto access relevant documents with a wide range of possibilities, in your\nsearch for legal \nanalysis and insights. Remember to send an email to lawyers@lawresearch.com\nwith your \nresponse in one of the below formats and they can see who can receive it from\nwhich \njurisdiction if they are registered. We believe this is the right way to go\nand advise you to check \nyour lawyer about your options (for our UK examples do not worry, we have the\ndata). 4.5. The \nAustralian Approach - Introduction We have tried some of the previous\njurisdictions: Australia, \nthe UK and the USA (you read this last part right). There may be some\nconfusion over the use of \nlaws, as some believe we simply have the laws we do know, that makes it easier\nto use those we \nfollow up. We do have the authority for interpreting all of Queensland's laws\n(in practice and a \nlittle more research). There are however some other countries which have laws\nstartup legal \ndocuments templates and files (see section 5-22) at least one case (see 4-26).\nYou will typically \nobtain these formal agreements upon request and you will retain the rights for\nthe period you \nhave already claimed to obtain them. In a situation such as this that requires\nyou to show that \nyou have claimed legal liability in good faith in light of the original\ndocuments, you will usually \nbe entitled to a copy in writing and you could obtain that in writing at any\ntime. However, you \nshould maintain complete ownership rights and a binding agreement within the\ncontract upon \nwhich you were given the rights so provided or a copy of any agreement,\nwritten or oral, that \nyou cannot return after you request a specific version of that agreement\n(other than from an\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 830752, "type": "text", "content": "Edgar Filing: AKAMAI TECHNOLOGIES INC - Form 10-Q\n\n\n \n\n# Table of Contents\n\n\nAs our business evolves, we must also expand and adapt our operational\ninfrastructure. Our business relies on our data \nsystems, billing systems and other operational and financial reporting and\ncontrol systems. All of these systems have \nbecome increasingly complex due to the diversification and complexity of our\nbusiness, acquisitions of new \nbusinesses with different systems and increased regulation over controls and\nprocedures. To manage our technical \nsupport infrastructure effectively and improve our sales efficiency, we will\nneed to continue to upgrade and improve \nour data systems, billing systems, ordering processes and other operational\nand financial systems, procedures and \ncontrols. These upgrades and improvements will require a dedication of\nresources, are likely to be complex and \nincreasingly rely on hosted computer services from third parties that we do\nnot control. If we are unable to adapt our \nsystems and organization in a timely, efficient and cost-effective manner to\naccommodate changing circumstances, \nour business may be adversely affected. If the third parties we rely on for\nhosted data solutions for our internal \nnetwork and information systems are subject to a security breach or otherwise\nsuffer disruptions that impact the \nservices we utilize, the integrity and availability of our internal\ninformation could be compromised causing the loss of \nconfidential or proprietary information, damage to our reputation and economic\nloss.\n\n\nWe face risks associated with international operations and expansion efforts\nthat could harm our business.\n\n\nWe have operations in numerous foreign countries and may continue to expand\nour operations internationally. Such \nexpansion could require us to make significant expenditures, which could harm\nour profitability. We are increasingly \nsubject to a number of risks associated with international business activities\nthat may increase our costs, lengthen our \nsales cycle and require significant management attention. These risks include:\n\n\ncurrency exchange rate fluctuations and limitations on the repatriation and\ninvestment of \n\u2022 \nfunds;\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 difficulties in transferring funds from, or converting currencies in,\ncertain countries; \n\u2022c hanges in regulatory requirements that could pose risks to our intellectual\nproperty, increase the cost of doing \nbusiness in a country or create other disadvantages to our business; \n\u2022i nterpretations of laws or regulations that would subject us to regulatory\nsupervision or, in the alternative, require us \nto exit a country, which could have a negative impact on the quality of our\nservices or our results of operations; \n\u2022 uncertainty regarding liability for content or services; \n\u2022 adjusting to different employee/employer relationships and different\nregulations governing such relationships; \n\u2022 corporate and personal liability for alleged or actual violations of laws\nand regulations; \n\u2022d ifficulty in staffing, developing and managing foreign operations as a\nresult of distance, language and cultural \ndifferences; \n\u2022 reliance on channel partners over which we have limited control or influence\non a day-to-day basis; and \n\u2022 potentially adverse tax consequences.\n\n\nIn addition, compliance with complex foreign and U.S. laws and regulations\nthat apply to our international operations \nincreases our cost of doing business. These numerous, rapidly-changing and\nsometimes conflicting laws and \nregulations include internal control and disclosure rules, data privacy and\nfiltering requirements, anti-corruption laws, \nsuch as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the UK Bribery Act and local\nlaws prohibiting corrupt payments to \ngovernmental officials, and antitrust and competition regulations, among\nothers. Violations of these laws and \nregulations by our employees or partners could result in fines and penalties,\ncriminal sanctions against us, our officers, \nor our employees, prohibitions on the conduct of our business and on our\nability to offer our products and services in \none or more countries, and could also materially affect our brand, our\ninternational expansion efforts, our ability to \nattract and retain employees, our business, and our financial statements.\nAlthough we have implemented policies and \nprocedures designed to ensure compliance with these laws and regulations,\nthere can be no assurance that our \nemployees, contractors or agents will not violate our policies or applicable\nlaws.\n\n\n67\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 30934, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='67' style='font-size:20px'>section<br>03</header>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>The first piece in this eBook described the<br>murky litigation waters that threaten to drown<br>foreign-based companies seeking to expand<br>their operations in the U.S. This article addresses<br>the U.S. regulatory labyrinth that can stymie<br>foreign companies.</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>International companies that don\u2019t prepare for America\u2019s regulatory challenges could<br>find themselves lost in a maze, fated never to realize their U.S. potential. Not only are<br>many of the regulations facing foreign companies difficult, but their erratic enforcement<br>by federal, state, and municipal officials can be scary, too. The uneven application of<br>U.S. trade rules and sanctions, moreover \u2014 from the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act<br>(FCPA) and export controls to \u201cantidumping\u201d and \u201ccountervailing measures\u201d \u2014 has<br>long been a source of frustration for foreign companies.</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For many foreign companies, the first hurdle is recognizing that in some ways the U.S.<br>is not a single market but rather 50 different markets, each with different laws and<br>different methods of enforcing those laws. New entrants find themselves navigating a<br>complex web of federal, state, and local regulations.</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Spencer S. Griffith, a partner in Akin Gump\u2019s international trade practice and an expert<br>in helping Asian companies acclimate themselves to American markets, observes that,<br>\u201cThe U.S. is a heavily rule-bound and complex market, with both federal- and state-<br>level regulation. Highly regulated industries, such as healthcare, pharmaceuticals,<br>financial services, real estate, and others, face even more regulatory challenges given<br>the patchwork of overlapping regulation.\u201d</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u201cIn addition, U.S. trade controls, including controls relating to customs, immigration,<br>tax, export controls and related areas, all impose exacting requirements that must be<br>strictly complied with. Foreign companies investing in the U.S. that are not familiar<br>with these dynamics face particular challenges.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>What strikes Harry G. Broadman, the CEO and Managing Partner of Proa Global<br>Partners LLC, an emerging markets-focused investment transaction strategy firm, \u201cis<br>the naivet\u00e9 of some foreign investors contemplating entry in the U.S. market \u2014 not<br>necessarily about the substance of U.S. legal statutes, but about the way they are<br>enforced, especially the all-too often politicized environment in which their<br>implementation takes place.\u201d</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In his days as a White House aide, Broadman sat on CFIUS (Committee on Foreign<br>Investment in the U.S.), a multi-agency review process that assesses the potential<br>national security impacts of \u201cinbound\u201d U.S. investment. \u201cThe workings of CFIUS are<br>often misunderstood by foreign companies and their advisors, both those abroad and<br>ironically even those in the U.S.,\u201d notes Broadman, who also serves as Director of the<br>Council on Global Enterprises and Emerging Markets and as a Senior Fellow in the<br>Foreign Policy Institute at Johns Hopkins University. A misunderstanding about the<br>relevance of CFIUS, Broadman notes, contributed to the tension surrounding a Chinese<br>company\u2019s acquisition of Smithfield Foods.</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The U.S. remains \u201cone of the world\u2019s most open and accessible markets for foreign<br>companies,\u201d Broadman believes. As part of what he calls \u201cGlobalization 2.0,\u201d foreign<br>investors based in emerging markets will increasingly try to enter the attractive U.S.<br>market. \u201cThey just need to do so adroitly and with their eyes wide open,\u201d he cautions.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2490304, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A new regulatory structure for participants in the international legal services<br>market is proposed in Section 4. It includes suggestions for more coherent admission and<br>legal consultant rules, but advances beyond these traditional frameworks to offer a<br>regulatory overlay that takes law firms, rather than individuals, as the object of<br>regulation. By relying on a combination of insurance and supervision of foreign lawyers<br>by U.S. licensed lawyers, the proposal recognizes a law firm\u2019s capability and incentive to<br>ensure the professional competence of its lawyers.12</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Section 1. The Ways and Means of International Expansion in Legal Services</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Law firms have become participants in an international market for professional<br>services, competing both across national borders and disciplinary boundaries.<br>Nevertheless, law remains nationally-based, and lawyers learn the basic precepts,<br>structures and tenets of particular national systems of law.13 Lawyers and their firms<br>tackle the international market with various strategies, and what it means to be<br>\u201cinternational\u201d is not uniformly understood. The nature of internationalism is contested;<br>firms claim to be international if they establish foreign offices, serve foreign clients,<br>admit foreign educated and licensed attorneys to their firm, practice law in areas affected<br>by internationalization or emanating from an international body, and offer foreign law</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>12<br>The ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct Rule 1.1 imposes on lawyers the obligation to \u201cprovide<br>competent representation to a client. Competent representation requires the legal knowledge, skill,<br>thoroughness and preparation reasonably necessary for the representation.\u201d<br>http://www.abanet.org/cpr/mrpc/rule_1_1.html For a discussion of the protectionist aspects of bar<br>regulations, see Abel, supra n. 9. On the structure of lawyer regulations generally, see David Wilkins, Who<br>Should Regulate Lawyers, 105 HARV. L. REV. 799 (1992).</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>13 On the local nature of much of law practice and law itself, and the contrast between this and the global<br>practice of certain law firms, see Detlev F, Vagts, The Impact of Globalization on the Legal Profession, 2<br>EUR. J. LAW REFORM 403 (2000).</p>\n<br><footer id='49' style='font-size:16px'>7<br>Hosted by The Berkeley Electronic Press</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2490318, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>accounting firms. The number of offices and diversity of national law expertise<br>distinguishes these networks from multinational firms; these networks have no \u201chome<br>country\u201d law from which to diversify, because the historical roots of the networks do not<br>lay in one particular jurisdiction. Consequently, they are international in a way that is<br>different from most firms that grew from a U.S. law practice. These networks, like Baker<br>& McKenzie, capitalize on their ability to offer expertise in multiple national law systems<br>as well as international law.48</p>\n<h1 id='16' style='font-size:20px'>The Models Reconsidered</h1>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The degree of international integration of law firms has changed significantly<br>during the last 50 years. While the international development of certain businesses may<br>be accomplished by direct shift from domestic to transnational, development for law<br>firms is not in giant steps from one model to the next, but rather a continuum of small,<br>incremental changes that result in movement across the categories. Firms have<br>internationalized in many different ways and at various times and places, but the steady<br>and dramatic shift towards greater internationalization is unmistakable.</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The four models of internationalization \u2013 Domestic, International, Multinational,<br>and Transnational \u2013 are perhaps more appropriately considered stages of entry into the<br>international market, marking development from the domestic model which was the<br>foundation of nearly all U.S. law firms,49 to a pattern of practice that reflects the<br>international economy. Certain firms stop at a stage akin to the international model, from</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>48 Information about Landwell, the legal arm of PriceWaterhouse Coopers, is available at<br>http://www.landwellglobal.com/ (visited 3/18/03); Ernst & Young\u2019s law firm network hosts a web site at<br>http://www.ey.com/global/content.nsf/International/Services_-_Law (visited 3/18/03); for legal services at<br>Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu see http://www.deloitte.com/vs/0,1616,sid%253D1003,00.html (visited<br>3/18/03); and for information about K Legal, the legal arm of KPMG, see<br>http://www.klegal.com/index.cfm (visited 3/18/03).</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>4 9 Coudert began as an international firm; several New York based firms became international at an early<br>stage in their development. See Silver, Shifting Identities, supra n. 6, at 1108-1110.</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:16px'>21<br>Hosted by The Berkeley Electronic Press</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 42613, "type": "text", "content": "appropriate agent.) You may also pursue the additional claims against us that\nare required \nunder the contract above by filing a claim for a declaratory/dedicative\nprovision, in the order the \nappropriate court places you in dispute. This provision should be effective\nwhen it receives \nyour request: You will not have any interest in claiming a\ndeclaratory/dedicative provision if \nsuch an arrangement does not already exist. If a court orders the creation and\nuse of an oral \ncontract by a third party as provided below, then you would not have until the\nnext time you \nrequest a separate agreement by your individual lawyer requesting your release\nand receipt of \nthat claim (or for your rights or property), you will retain your claim to\nthat right for not less than \nseven (7) years after being served (or the first three (3) of such contracts\nappear after having \nexpired). In addition, if you require a court order the production of these\ndocuments by an \nindividual attorney, you now only have your claim you could seek through our\nlegal services for \nthe time you now have. If an appellate court issues a noncontested decision in\nfavor of the \ngovernment or for another party in a dispute involving class arbitration,\nunder the \ncircumstances outlined below, only the court may order the release and receipt\nof all rights, \nproperty, interest, costs, remedies, or the relief we believe are best suited\nto meet what we think \nis best. If an appellate judge imposes or rules that an appellate decision\nunder these standards \nimposes the restriction or prohibition of a right of action based on a class\nproceeding by an \nauthorized legal partner based on: The individual attorney's action to recover\nthe action or \ndamage that has been caused; A decision to require an individual to perform\nthe act or \nprocedure for resolving the action or damage that the lawyer may find\nunreasonable under \ncircumstances. Generally such a determination is not for damages or the return\nof services. \nThis ruling is the same as the decision of a district court and includes the\nfollowing \nrequirements: You shall not object to either party getting relief before\nproceeding within the \nlimits for the party's personal remedies under certain State or federal laws.\nSuch a decision \nunder this condition shall not be denied by either party, unless one (1) is\ngiven to one party and \nif this occurs before or for further order or any other legal action is\nordered the defendant's \nlegal representatives may act upon his or her objection without notice. No\nparties will be \nobliged to provide to our lawyers what details it means that they may seek the\nrelief they are \nasked for outside this agreement. Any party must seek its counsel if they\ncan't obtain the \ninformation under the original agreement or if it becomes known on information\nor through \npublic statements that what the parties intend with respect to such a relief\nwould be of legal \nimportance to them as of that due date of the decision. An agreement by an\nindividual or group \nto participate in a legal proceeding between a party and an appropriate\nintermediary should \nalways include in its terms and conditions specific details relating to the\ntype of litigation, \nscope of the dispute between the parties that may result, for example,\ninformation relating to \nlegal sanctions and a detailed representation that such litigation will last\nindefinitely. Even if \none party can make the case that it's best to continue to litigate a\nnoncontested arbitration case \nagainst the parties after and despite having been served an effective order\nfrom court granting \nthe relief sought under the original case, and if such party is not able or\nunwilling to do so \nvoluntarily we offer the option of the party requesting a judgment of\nnoncontested arbitration \nbefore and after this fact date on all our side's side's cases relating to\ntheir request, as long as \nit's voluntary or at an ongoing meeting or event and only during such\nnoncontested \nproceedings the parties are able or unwilling to seek the judgment. If the\nagreement is entered \ninto for two or more individuals, each party to the one-sided class\narbitration agreement shall \nhave the rights to ask either of them and to obtain the action and damage and\nat such request \nare required to return a copy of its contract form in one (1) calendar year\nafter serving the \nnoncontested arbitration order. The party seeking the judgment of noncontested\narbitration will \nimmediately be notified of any new order of enforcement by another party upon\napplication of \nany appropriate judicial process or as to\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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To prepare a startup for international expansion while complying with legal requirements and maximizing financial aids, which combination of legal systems and resources should be considered, and how should their different processes be synchronized to maintain compliance and financial stability?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 705, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2236152, "type": "text", "content": "# MAN Four-Stroke Propulsion Engines\n\n\n \n\n# MAN Four-Stroke Propulsion Engines \u2013 All Emission Requirements\n\n\n \n\nBesides the focus on power density and fuel economy, MAN Diesel & \nTurbo is committed to a steady reduction of the environmental impact of \nour engines.\n\n\n# IMO Tier II\n\n\n \n\nApplying well-proven methods to achieve a cleaner and more efficient \ncombustion process, MAN Diesel & Turbo has significantly decreased NOx \nemissions. Our four-stroke propulsion engines are IMO Tier II compliant \nwith internal engine measures alone.\n\n\n# IMO Tier III\n\n\n \n\nFor operation in emission control areas (ECA), MAN Diesel & Turbo has \ndeveloped a comprehensive range of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) \nsystems that tremendously reduces NOx levels surpassing IMO Tier III \nrequirements.\n\n\nMAN Diesel & Turbo is the first manufacturer to successfully produce and \noffer IMO Tier III compliant four-stroke marine engines, based on a fully \nmodular SCR kit covering our entire four-stroke engine portfolio. In 2014 \nMAN Diesel & Turbo was awarded the first IMO Tier III EIAPP certificate \ntogether with the classification society DNV-GL.\n\n\n115\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 101370, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Acces PDF Deutz Air Cooled Diesel Engine Maintenance Manuals \nFull Online\n\n\n# DEUTZ AG: Engines\n\n\n \n\nDiesel Engines; D1.2 L3; DEUTZ Xchange Engines. Xchange Parts; Xchange Plant\nAmericas; \nXchange Contacts; Motores Diesel, Brochures en Espa\u00f1ol; Gasified Engines. TCG\n2015; TCG \n914; G 2.2 L3; G 2.9 L4; Power Packs; Gensets; Mining Engines; Fire Pumps;\nEmission \nCertifications. EPA Off Highway Diesel Engines; EPA Off Highway Gas Engines;\nMine ...\n\n\n# DEUTZ USA: Diesel Engines\n\n\n \n\nDeutz Allis in the shop for a valve set, let's go over it while it's\nhere.Subscribe: \nhttp://bit.ly/SubDeboss | Merch: https://debossgarage.com/merchWatch nex...\n\n\nEverything You Need to Know About a Deutz Air-Cooled Diesel\n\n\n \n\nIts core competences are the development, design, production, distribution and\nservicing of \ndiesel engines for professional applications. As a full-line engine\nspecialist, DEUTZ offers a \nbroad spectrum of liquid-cooled and air-cooled engines with capacities ranging\nfrom 12kW to \n620kW, which are used in construction equipment, power-generation plants,\nagricultural \nmachinery, commercial vehicles, rail vehicles and ships.\n\n\nEngines for all Applications - Deutz Dieselpower \nDeutz F4L912 Diesel Engine Air Cooled Industrial Engine + CORE. Refurbished.\n$4,250.00. or \nBest Offer +$300.00 shipping. 10 watchers. Watch; DEUTZ BF4M2012 Turbo Diesel\nEngine \nPOWER UNIT 8 AVAIL RUNNERS! TCD 2012 131 HP. Pre-Owned. $4,295.00. Buy It Now. \nFreight. 22 watchers. Watch;\n\n\ndeutz engine for sale | eBay \nWhether diesel, gas, hybrid or electric: with our innovative off-highway\ndrives, we are leading \nthe way for tomorrow's mobility.\n\n\n# DEUTZ AG: Engines\n\n\n \n\nDEUTZ Corporation is a sales, service, genuine parts and application\nengineering center for \nthe Americas, supporting the DEUTZ product range of 18.4 - 620 kW diesel and\nnatural gas \nengines. Located northeast of Atlanta, GA in the US, we employ nearly 300\npeople covering all \naspects of marketing and support.\n\n\n# DEUTZ USA: Home\n\n\n \n\nDeutz Engines Specification Sheets For your convenience, Diesel Parts Direct\noffers a variety \nof specification sheets in PDF format. Just look up your engine model in the\ntables below to \nfind the information you need.\n\n\nDeutz Engine Specification Sheets | Diesel Parts Direct \nDeutz F4L912 Diesel Engine Air Cooled Industrial Engine + CORE. Refurbished.\n$4,250.00. or \nBest Offer. +$300.00 shipping. Deutz F4L912 Diesel Engine Air Cooled\nIndustrial Engine + \nCORE. See more like this. Watch.\n\n\n# air cooled diesel engine for sale | eBay\n\n\n \n\nSpecializing In Air Cooled DEUTZ Diesels for Over Twenty Years. Our company\nhas \nspecialized in a full line of parts for the DEUTZ diesel engines for more than\n20 years. We \nstrive for top-of-the-line performance and customer satisfaction. Our parts\nhave been \ncontinually tested throughout the years with quality you can count on. We have\nTech \nSpecialists on hand for service repairs daily.\n\n\n \nPage 2/3\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2768828, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# 12/255 Platform | Product Range\n\n\n \n\nSimply the greatest\n\n\n \n\nDoosan's 12/255 compressor range is the most compact double axle compres- \nsor platform. The models cover a free air delivery from 21 to 30 m3/min with \npressure between 8.6 and 21 bar, designed with the highest performance for \napplications like maintenance, blasting, spraying and drilling. \nThis new platform offers the Dual Mode functionality with the 9/275-12/255 \nmodel for the highest versalitily and all the advantages of two machines in\none. \nDoosan\u2019s attention to environmental protection is translated into a 110%\nfluids \ncontainment with central drains and the new \u2018ECOmizer\u2019 available on demand, \nwhich guarantees a very ecological footprint in combination with the new \nStage V Cummins engine. The new generation follows Doosan\u2019s historical focus \non customer satisfaction with new features for accessibility and simplified\ndaily \nmaintenance, combined with the benefit of total weight reduction. \nNew Cummins Stage V engines also contribute to enhancing and simplifying \nserviceability, thanks to the introduction of the single canister after-\ntreatment, \nwith no need of customer intervention as regeneration is activated automati- \ncally. \nThe regeneration switch is available as option in order to manually disable\nany \nengine action on the aftertreatment in case of explosive environment and the \nspark arrestor functionality is integrated into the aftertreatment as\nstandard.\n\n\n\uf075 Integrated bunded base with \neasily accessible central drains \n\uf076 Simplified maintenance with \nsingle canister after-treatment \n\uf077 Incredible accessibility into the \nmachine for maintenance and \nservice \n\uf078 Centralization of components for \nquick regular maintenance \n\uf079 Very comfortable maintenance \nand serviceability\n\n\n \n\n\uf077\n\n\nwww.doosanportablepower.eu\n\n\n \n\nAvailable options (not exhaustive): ECOmizer, overspeed valve, aftercooler and\nwater separator, IQ system, wheel chocks, \ndual pressure switch (excluded 9/275-12/255 model), low fuel and DEF beacon,\ninternal lights, external spot lights.\n\n\n \n\n\uf079\n\n\n\u00a92019 Doosan Portable Power P4700300 -EN (04-19)\n\n\n \n\nDoosan Bobcat EMEA s.r.o., U Kodetky 1810, 263 12 Dob\u0159\u00ed\u0161, Czech Republic\n\n\n \nequipment. \nstandard \nthan \nother \nshow \nmay \nproducts \nPower \nPortable \nDoosan \nof \nPictures \nnotice. \nwithout \nchange \nto \nsubject \nare \ndesign \nand \nSpecifications\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2254562, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:16px'>CuproBraze\u00ae</h1>\n<br><header id='1' style='font-size:20px'>37</header>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:20px'>EXECUTIVEReport</h1>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:18px'>A Hard Look at New Cooling<br>Systems for Clean Diesel Engines</h1>\n<br><h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>OEMs Face Significant Changes,Aggressive Deadlines</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 1 \u2013 The basic EGR configura-<br>tions proposed for 2007 include<br>high-pressure loop (top) and low-<br>pressure loop (bottom). There are<br>many potential variations. The<br>low pressure loop offers advan-<br>tages in efficiency; meanwhile,<br>the elimination of pre-coolers is a<br>design goal. All candidate config-<br>urations present challenges in<br>materials and design.<br>(Illustrations courtesy of Carl<br>Kiser, Honeywell.)</p>\n<figure><img id='6' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(35,1002); bottom-right:(459,1553)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ngine makers are converging on work-<br>able solutions for reducing harmful<br>emissions from diesel engines,in accor-<br>dance with stringent regulations taking<br>effect in the United States,Europe and<br>Japan in the next few years.</p>\n<br><h1 id='8' style='font-size:22px'>E</h1>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The U.S. Environmental Protection<br>Agency (EPA) and Ford Motor Company recently<br>announced a second phase of their technology part-<br>nership to develop a new diesel emission technology<br>called Clean Diesel Combustion (CDC), which holds<br>promise for providing a pathway for diesel engines to<br>meet stringent emission levels for nitrogen oxides<br>(NOx) [1]. CDC technology involves improvements in<br>diesel fuel injection system performance, re-optimiza-<br>tion and refinement of air management and turbo-<br>charging systems, and an improved combustion sys-</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>tem [2,3].The stated program goal is to<br>meet the upcoming diesel emissions<br>standards without additional NOx after<br>treatment.A similar partnership<br>between the EPA and International<br>Truck and Engine Corporation was<br>announced last year [4].</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Earlier Cummins, Caterpillar,<br>International and Detroit Diesel<br>Corporation announced intentions to<br>meet the 2007-2009 NOx requirements<br>using technologies generally based on<br>various forms of exhaust gas recircula-<br>tion (EGR) [5,6].</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Hasse Johansson, the group vice-pres-<br>ident for R&D at Scania, outlined simi-<br>lar developments in engine technology<br>at a symposium \u201cFuture Environmental<br>Challenges for the Automotive Industry,\u201d<br>which was devoted to broad issues<br>relating to new clean air regulations [7].<br>Johansson identified EGR as Scania\u2019s<br>preferred solution, because it attacks<br>emissions at the source rather than rely</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>on after treatment [8]. Scania is the world\u2019s fourth<br>largest truck brand for heavy trucks above 16 tons,<br>behind Volvo, Mercedes and Freightliner.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There are many technologies in development for<br>reducing NOx emissions (Fig. 1). Specialists in com-<br>bustion processes are performing much of the key<br>research, yet there is broad recognition that signifi-<br>cant changes in cooling systems will be required to<br>optimize the combustion cycle.</p>\n<br><h1 id='15' style='font-size:14px'>A Hard Look at Heat Exchangers</h1>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Carl Kiser of Honeywell Turbo Technologies,Thermal<br>Systems also spoke at the environmental symposium<br>in Tokyo. Kiser is renowned for pioneering work on<br>charge air coolers. His work encompasses a deep<br>understanding of combustion processes as well as<br>turbochargers and cooling systems.The crux of<br>Kiser\u2019s presentation in Tokyo was to sound an alarm<br>that OEM truck makers will need to make significant<br>changes in their choices of heat exchangers and that<br>they are facing aggressive deadlines [9].</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Apart from the important design decisions regard-<br>ing parameters for the combustion chamber, it is nec-<br>essary to develop suitable cooling systems that can<br>provide charge air and exhaust gas at the necessary<br>temperatures and pressures.</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In Kiser\u2019s presentation, after reviewing the major<br>technologies in development, including low-pressure<br>and high-pressure EGR systems, Kiser examined<br>issues with thermal systems in great detail, including<br>EGR fouling and plugging, heat rejection, packaging,<br>cost and durability. He highlighted performance<br>degradation, engine compartment space, materials and<br>processing, life cycles, thermal fatigue and corrosion as<br>presenting challenges with high-flow EGR systems.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Kiser presented a typical EGR turbocharger<br>compressor map, and he noted how recirculation<br>rates go up significantly with pressure- and airflow-<br>range requirements. The conclusion is that the<br>increase in heat rejection will challenge cooling<br>system performance.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2976177, "type": "text", "content": "# Read PDF Deutz 2011 \nEngine Manual\n\n\n \n\nPowerful performance with natural gas \nengines; The new DEUTZ oil check kit; \nXchange parts; DEUTZ Power Center \nGreat Lakes; DEUTZWORLD 2 / 2019 . \nEditorial; Technologically receptive; \nQuality seal for innovation; On the path to \nzero emission; Commercial shipping; \nChina Collaborations with expertise; \nPage 36/38\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2254559, "type": "text", "content": "# CuproBraze\u00ae\n\n\n \n37\n\n\n \n\n# EXECUTIVEReport\n\n\n \n\n# A Hard Look at New Cooling \nSystems for Clean Diesel Engines\n\n\n \n\n# OEMs Face Significant Changes,Aggressive Deadlines\n\n\nFig. 1 \u2013 The basic EGR configura- \ntions proposed for 2007 include \nhigh-pressure loop (top) and low- \npressure loop (bottom). There are \nmany potential variations. The \nlow pressure loop offers advan- \ntages in efficiency; meanwhile, \nthe elimination of pre-coolers is a \ndesign goal. All candidate config- \nurations present challenges in \nmaterials and design. \n(Illustrations courtesy of Carl \nKiser, Honeywell.)\n\n\n \n\nngine makers are converging on work- \nable solutions for reducing harmful \nemissions from diesel engines,in accor- \ndance with stringent regulations taking \neffect in the United States,Europe and \nJapan in the next few years.\n\n\n \n\n# E\n\n\n \n\nThe U.S. Environmental Protection \nAgency (EPA) and Ford Motor Company recently \nannounced a second phase of their technology part- \nnership to develop a new diesel emission technology \ncalled Clean Diesel Combustion (CDC), which holds \npromise for providing a pathway for diesel engines to \nmeet stringent emission levels for nitrogen oxides \n(NOx) [1]. CDC technology involves improvements in \ndiesel fuel injection system performance, re-optimiza- \ntion and refinement of air management and turbo- \ncharging systems, and an improved combustion sys-\n\n\n \n\ntem [2,3].The stated program goal is to \nmeet the upcoming diesel emissions \nstandards without additional NOx after \ntreatment.A similar partnership \nbetween the EPA and International \nTruck and Engine Corporation was \nannounced last year [4].\n\n\n \n\nEarlier Cummins, Caterpillar, \nInternational and Detroit Diesel \nCorporation announced intentions to \nmeet the 2007-2009 NOx requirements \nusing technologies generally based on \nvarious forms of exhaust gas recircula- \ntion (EGR) [5,6].\n\n\n \n\nHasse Johansson, the group vice-pres- \nident for R&D; at Scania, outlined simi- \nlar developments in engine technology \nat a symposium \u201cFuture Environmental \nChallenges for the Automotive Industry,\u201d \nwhich was devoted to broad issues \nrelating to new clean air regulations [7]. \nJohansson identified EGR as Scania\u2019s \npreferred solution, because it attacks \nemissions at the source rather than rely\n\n\n \n\non after treatment [8]. Scania is the world\u2019s fourth \nlargest truck brand for heavy trucks above 16 tons, \nbehind Volvo, Mercedes and Freightliner.\n\n\n \n\nThere are many technologies in development for \nreducing NOx emissions (Fig. 1). Specialists in com- \nbustion processes are performing much of the key \nresearch, yet there is broad recognition that signifi- \ncant changes in cooling systems will be required to \noptimize the combustion cycle.\n\n\n \n\n# A Hard Look at Heat Exchangers\n\n\n \n\nCarl Kiser of Honeywell Turbo Technologies,Thermal \nSystems also spoke at the environmental symposium \nin Tokyo. Kiser is renowned for pioneering work on \ncharge air coolers. His work encompasses a deep \nunderstanding of combustion processes as well as \nturbochargers and cooling systems.The crux of \nKiser\u2019s presentation in Tokyo was to sound an alarm \nthat OEM truck makers will need to make significant \nchanges in their choices of heat exchangers and that \nthey are facing aggressive deadlines [9].\n\n\n \n\nApart from the important design decisions regard- \ning parameters for the combustion chamber, it is nec- \nessary to develop suitable cooling systems that can \nprovide charge air and exhaust gas at the necessary \ntemperatures and pressures.\n\n\n \n\nIn Kiser\u2019s presentation, after reviewing the major \ntechnologies in development, including low-pressure \nand high-pressure EGR systems, Kiser examined \nissues with thermal systems in great detail, including \nEGR fouling and plugging, heat rejection, packaging, \ncost and durability. He highlighted performance \ndegradation, engine compartment space, materials and \nprocessing, life cycles, thermal fatigue and corrosion as \npresenting challenges with high-flow EGR systems.\n\n\n \n\nKiser presented a typical EGR turbocharger \ncompressor map, and he noted how recirculation \nrates go up significantly with pressure- and airflow- \nrange requirements. The conclusion is that the \nincrease in heat rejection will challenge cooling \nsystem performance.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 459912, "type": "text", "content": "40 Waypoint 2050\n\n\n# TECHNOLOGY\n\n\n \n\nAVIATION HAS A STRONG HISTORY OF SOLVING CHALLENGES THROUGH \nTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. FROM THE FIRST FORAYS INTO POWERED \nFLIGHT, TO THE JET ENGINE, USE OF COMPOSITES AND 3D PRINTING, \nCONSTANT IMPROVEMENTS ARE PART OF THE SECTOR\u2019S DNA. RESPONDING TO \nTHE CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE IS NO DIFFERENT.\n\n\nAlready, today\u2019s aircraft operate incredibly efficiently, given \ntheir operating conditions and speed. Each new generation \nof aircraft has reduced fuel use by around 15-20% compared \nwith the model they replace. That trend is expected to continue \nwith new technology aircraft over the coming decades, but \naerospace engineers are already exploring some radical new \ntechnologies or configurations to realise some of those savings.\n\n\n \n\n# A comprehensive approach to analysing \nthe global fleet\n\n\n \n\nIn order to evaluate several scenarios for how the global fleet \nmight evolve, the Waypoint 2050 investigated the types of \ntechnology that could play a role in reducing CO2 emissions \nand evaluated the likelihood of these entering service at a \ngiven date. Aside from their own experience, several sources \nwere considered as input to the development of the technology \nscenarios, including: the IATA Aircraft Technology Roadmap \nto 205055 ; publicly available supporting information from the \nICAO Committee CAEP/10 and CAEP/11 cycles; the CleanSky II \nproject; ACARE; and additional studies focused on particular \ntechnology scenarios for electric, hybrid-electric and hydrogen \npowered aircraft.\n\n\n \n\nThe resulting Waypoint 2050 scenarios were run through a \nfleet evolution model developed by the German Aerospace \nCentre (DLR)56 which analysed the current global fleet of \n29,000 aircraft and calculated each aircraft\u2019s current fuel burn, \nretirement and replacement cycle to determine when new \nmodels may replace older ones and resulted in global system \nlevel fuel burn and CO2 emissions for each technology scenario. \nIt is estimated that it takes around seven years for a new aircraft \ntype to achieve significant penetration into the fleet and replace \nthe production of its predecessor.\n\n\n \n\nBased on this approach, each scenario was able to be run \nto determine what impact it may have on the CO2 \nemissions trends.\n\n\n \n\n# Exploring the scenarios\n\n\n \n\nA broad scope of different technologies contributes to aircraft \nfuel efficiency improvement and emissions reduction, mainly \nfrom the:\n\n\n \n\n\u00bb Airframe (aerodynamics, lightweight materials and\n\n\n \n\nstructures, equipment and systems, new configurations, \nenergy management and electrification) \n\u00bb Propulsion systems (engine architecture, thermal and \npropulsive efficiency, combustor technologies, advanced \nmaterials, electrification) \nIn order to reduce complexities, five technology scenarios were \ndeveloped to feed into the broader Waypoint 2050 scenarios \nwork. These were based on new aircraft being developed for \neach of eight general sizes of aircraft, from 50 seats up to 650. \nOver the next 30+ years, the industry will likely follow a \nnumber of these paths as new technologies are developed \nand brought to readiness before entering the market and \nmaking their way into the fleet. There is significant research \ntaking place in the electric and hydrogen fields which may, for \nexample, mean that some parts of the fleet can transition to \nthose technologies sooner than currently expected \u2014 more in \nline with T5 scenario, for example. \nFor each scenario except T1: three cases (minimum, mean, \nmax efficiency improvement) were developed and assessed. \nIn addition, continuous technological improvement (those \nefficiency developments within an aircraft production cycle \nas performance improvement packages are released for \nthe same aircraft type) over time of 0.2% per annum were \nassessed and included in the modelling.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2976211, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='3' style='font-size:20px'>Read PDF Deutz 2011<br>Engine Manual</h1>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Editorial ; Technologically receptive;<br>Quality seal for innovation; On the path to<br>zero emission; Commercial shipping;<br>China Collaborations with expertise;<br>Aircraft tractor: Power for the Bison;<br>Artificial intelligence; Say goodbye to<br>manuals; Service ...</p>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:14px'>Page 32/38</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2768830, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:22px'>12/255 Platform | Product Range</h1>\n<table id='4' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Model</td><td>9/305</td><td>9/275 12/255</td><td>17/245</td><td>21/225</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Compressor</td></tr><tr><td>Free Air Delivery - m\u00b3/min (CFM)</td><td>29.9 (1060)</td><td>27.0 (950) 25.0 (883)</td><td>23.3 (825)</td><td>21.5 (750)</td></tr><tr><td>Rated Operating Pressure - bar (psi)</td><td>8.6 (125)</td><td>8.6 (125) 12.1 (175)</td><td>17.2 (250)</td><td>20.7 (300)</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Engine</td></tr><tr><td>Emission compliance</td><td colspan=\"4\">Stage V</td></tr><tr><td>Make / Model</td><td colspan=\"2\">Cummins / B6.7</td><td colspan=\"2\">Cummins / BL9</td></tr><tr><td>No. of cylinders</td><td colspan=\"4\">6</td></tr><tr><td>Full load speed - rpm</td><td>1800</td><td>2200 2000</td><td colspan=\"2\">1800</td></tr><tr><td>Power - kW (hp)</td><td colspan=\"4\">231 (310)</td></tr><tr><td>Electrical - Volts</td><td colspan=\"4\">24</td></tr><tr><td>Cooling</td><td colspan=\"4\">Water</td></tr><tr><td>Fuel tank capacity - litres</td><td colspan=\"4\">485</td></tr><tr><td>AdBlue tank capacity \u2013 litres</td><td colspan=\"4\">57</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Dimensions (with running gear)</td></tr><tr><td>Tire size</td><td colspan=\"4\">7.50/16 LT/E</td></tr><tr><td>Number of wheels</td><td colspan=\"4\">4</td></tr><tr><td>Length min/max adjuastabale towbar - mm</td><td colspan=\"4\">4428/5828</td></tr><tr><td>Width - mm</td><td colspan=\"4\">2120</td></tr><tr><td>Height - mm</td><td colspan=\"4\">2632</td></tr><tr><td>Weight (net) fixed/adjustable - kg</td><td colspan=\"2\">4305</td><td colspan=\"2\">4751 5186</td></tr><tr><td>Weight (working) fixed/adjustable - kg</td><td colspan=\"4\">4740</td></tr><tr><td>Weight max (ref. Dataplate) - kg</td><td colspan=\"4\">5000 5700</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Dimensions (on shipping support)</td></tr><tr><td>Length - mm</td><td colspan=\"4\">4270</td></tr><tr><td>Width - mm</td><td colspan=\"4\">2120</td></tr><tr><td>Height - mm</td><td colspan=\"4\">2391</td></tr><tr><td>Weight (net) - kg</td><td colspan=\"2\">4205</td><td colspan=\"2\">4651</td></tr><tr><td>Weight (working) - kg</td><td colspan=\"2\">4640</td><td colspan=\"2\">5086</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Sound level</td></tr><tr><td>2000/14/EC (2006) - Lwa</td><td colspan=\"4\">100 dBA</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Air outlets BSPT</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"4\">1x 2\u201d BSP - 2x 1 \u00bc\u201c BSP</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Simply the greatest</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Doosan's 12/255 compressor range is the most compact double axle compres-<br>sor platform. The models cover a free air delivery from 21 to 30 m3/min with<br>pressure between 8.6 and 21 bar, designed with the highest performance for<br>applications like maintenance, blasting, spraying and drilling.<br>This new platform offers the Dual Mode functionality with the 9/275-12/255<br>model for the highest versalitily and all the advantages of two machines in one.<br>Doosan\u2019s attention to environmental protection is translated into a 110% fluids<br>containment with central drains and the new \u2018ECOmizer\u2019 available on demand,<br>which guarantees a very ecological footprint in combination with the new<br>Stage V Cummins engine. The new generation follows Doosan\u2019s historical focus<br>on customer satisfaction with new features for accessibility and simplified daily<br>maintenance, combined with the benefit of total weight reduction.<br>New Cummins Stage V engines also contribute to enhancing and simplifying<br>serviceability, thanks to the introduction of the single canister after-treatment,<br>with no need of customer intervention as regeneration is activated automati-<br>cally.<br>The regeneration switch is available as option in order to manually disable any<br>engine action on the aftertreatment in case of explosive environment and the<br>spark arrestor functionality is integrated into the aftertreatment as standard.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 101371, "type": "text", "content": "# Acces PDF Deutz Air Cooled Diesel Engine Maintenance Manuals \nFull Online\n\n\n# Air Cooled Diesel - Deutz Engine Parts\n\n\n \n\nThe DEUTZ TCD 3.6 Diesel Engine is a water-cooled 4-cylinder inline engine\nwith \nturbocharging and cooled external exhaust gas re-circulation. It is available\nboth with and \nwithout charge air cooling. It is available both with and without charge air\ncooling.\n\n\n# DEUTZ Diesel Engines For Sale & Distribution\n\n\n \n\nDeutz's head office is in the Porz district of Cologne and, as of 2004, was\nmanufacturing liquid \nand air-cooled diesel engines. The larger engines in the Deutz range were\nmanufactured in \nMannheim, at a production facility that once belonged to S\u00fcddeutsche Bremsen-\nAG as MWM- \nDiesel. Deutz also has production facilities in other countries, including\nSpain, and a joint \nventure production facility in China. After Deutz took over, the plant\nspecialised in marine \nengines.\n\n\n# Deutz AG - Wikipedia\n\n\n \n\nDEUTZ Engines DEUTZ Australia is currently among the top 5 diesel engine\nsuppliers in \nAustralia and DEUTZ AG is one of the world\u2019s major independent manufacturers\nof Diesel \nEngines and Natural Gas Engines. VIEW our full engine range.\n\n\n# Engines - DEUTZ AU\n\n\n \n\nengines | mounts - used f4l1011f deutz engine, 4 cylinder, air cooled, non-turbo, 50 hp, \ncomplete, inspected and tested running engine, also many engines in stock.\nMore Info Call for \nPrice\n\n\nDEUTZ Engines For Sale - New Used & Aftermarket. 1 - 24\n\n\n \n\nContacts us with price, engine type/size, or availability inquiries! Call: 281 255 6633 | Email: \naircool@sbcglobal.net Air Cooled Diesel\n\n\n# Deutz Parts - Air Cooled Diesel\n\n\n \n\nDeutz is the world leader in air-cooled engines for the agricultural,\nindustrial and automotive \nmarkets. Dependable, durable and powerful, Deutz diesel engines are the power\nplant of \nchoice for thousands of applications worldwide.\n\n\nDeutz Parts | Engines | Genuine - Diesel Parts Direct\n\n\n \n\nWe have a carlton tree stump grinder which we have had no problems with,\nalthough our deutz \nengine has blown up and we have had many other issues with it. Wa...\n\n\nCopyright code : 0266ee4102fe4b610c9ca4e829d34451\n\n\nCopyright : academicroom.com\n\n\n \nPage 3/3\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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DEUTZ plans to fit various technological features into their new engine models, considering a shift to regions with extreme climates. Suppose they want to maintain high customer satisfaction and adhere to environmental compliance over a five-year period. How might DEUTZ's strategic decision to add specific features to new models every year influence their compliance and market presence? Assume each model takes advantage of air-cooling, liquid-cooling, and emission certifications.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 709, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2989310, "type": "text", "content": "Investment Management and Financial Innovations, Volume 5, Issue 4, 2008\n\n\n \n\ning on the size of banks concerned. A further impor- \ntant finding was that rate change impacts on stock \nreturns were inversely related to the capital ratios of \nthe banks studied.\n\n\n \n\nBerger et al. (2004) and Beck et al. (2003) showed \nthat market concentration and regulation are \namongst the key variables that determine the stabil- \nity and profitability of banks. A later study by \nThorsten et al. (2006) confirmed that banks in coun- \ntries with higher market concentration experienced \nlower likelihood of crisis and risks as well as better \nprofitability. During the 1990s and early 2000s there \nhas been considerable consolidation of banks glob- \nally, suggesting banks are able to manage risk better \nthan in the past. Australia experienced some of this \nconsolidation with the acquisition of smaller banks \nby the four larger banks. The government has em- \nployed the \u201cfour pillars\u201d policy that has since dis- \ncouraged further consolidation of the larger banks to \nencourage competition. This has however, strongly \nentrenched national distribution of the older estab- \nlished participants giving them strong market power \nin the retail market but less power in the business or \ncorporate market.\n\n\n \n\nBerg and Kim (1998) have observed significant \ndifferences in bank operating practices due to \nasymmetries in market power between retail and \ncorporate banking activities. Differences in the \npower of consumers and \u201cstickiness\u201d of retail cus- \ntomers in Australia compared to the US may explain \ndifferences in the sensitivity of bank stock returns. \nThis has also impacted the ability of new entrant \nforeign firms to advance into the retail segment. \nConsequently, the \u201cfour pillar\u201d banks are able to \nachieve favorable rate spreads in these segments, \nwith positive impacts on their profitability.\n\n\n \n\nBikker and Haaf (2002) showed that banking con- \ncentration impaired competitiveness and a few large, \ncartel like banks, were able to limit the competitive \nimpact of smaller fringe players and new entrants. \nTheir study although focused on Europe, included \nAustralia for limited comparative purposes. \nWilliams (2002) examined the relative profitability \nand competitive participation of foreign banks in \nAustralia and found that they faced reduced profits \nin retail banking, effectively experiencing an entry \nbarrier. As a result, foreign banks did not compete \nin all segments, with competition being greatest in \nthe wholesale and corporate sectors. Dennis and \nJeffrey (2002), using data from the period from \n1981 to 1993, report that in Australia bank returns \nare not adversely affected by rising interest rates.\n\n\n \n\nBerg and Kim (1998) found that banks are more \naccommodating to competition in corporate markets \nthan retail markets. This is a similar situation in\n\n\n \n\nAustralia due to the limited power of consumers to \nnegotiate and may be a point of difference with the \nUS. This suggests that banks may be able to increase \nreturns as per Gordon's Dividend Valuation Theory \ncontrasting US studies. If, based on Gordon's model, \nbank stock returns do not decrease with interest rate \nincreases; it contrasts Stiglitz-Weiss theory which \nsuggests the opposite. Prima facie, we expect differ- \nent effects on banking stock returns due to fundamen- \ntal differences in industry competitiveness between \nthe Australian and US markets.\n\n\n \n\nSince the RBA was officially sanctioned with the \nspecific objective of managing the inflation rate in a \ntarget range of 2-3 percent it has actively practiced a \nphilosophy of transparency on its policy mecha- \nnisms and motivations. Fama (1970) in his Efficient \nMarkets Hypothesis suggests that stock prices \nshould reflect all available information known to \nimpact a stock. This means that in an environment \nof transparent monetary policy, the market antici- \npates potential rate changes returns and impute their \naltered valuation perspectives in stock prices, so that \nannouncements produce few surprises.\n\n\n \n\nWe expect that as a result of market power enjoyed by \nthe sampled local banks arising from Australian market \nconditions, bank stocks would not be adversely affected \nby cash rate increases (decreases) in interest rates in the \nshort term. Due to the established practices arising from \nthis market power, customers that try to switch banks \nexperience non-trivial costs and thus sticky deposits and \nloans (Bikker and Haaf, 2002). This in turn enables \nbanks to pass on the adverse affects of interest rate \nchanges to customers and minimize the negative effects \non their margins due to competition. Thus we would not \nexpect to observe sustained negative impacts from cash- \nrate change announcements as measured by abnormal \nbank stock returns. Additionally we expect limited ef- \nfects to be measurable on the announcement day consis- \ntent with the view that the rate change itself would be \nanticipated by a semi-strong form efficient market \n(Fama, 1970).\n\n\n \n\nThe following is a formal statement of hypotheses to \nbe tested:\n\n\n \n\nH1: The cumulative abnormal returns of the se- \nlected banks' stock returns will be negatively (posi- \ntively) affected by RBA announced increases (de- \ncreases) in cash rates.\n\n\n \n\nThis implies that Australian banks operate in a com- \npetitive industry and behave in a manner expected \nunder Stiglitz-Weiss theory, namely that banks will \nbe adversely impacted by increases and positively \naffected by decreases (Stiglitz and Weiss, 1981). If \nthis is not the case, it provides evidence of a less \ncompetitive market that enables banks to manage \nearnings to compensate for risks arising from up-\n\n\n \n226\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 50110, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Subscribe Past Issues</header>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1/20/2020 UNIT Monash Week 8 Newsletter: Q1 Earning Reports</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>View this email in your browser</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Translate RSS</p>\n<figure><img id='4' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1311,232); bottom-right:(2194,492)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:22px'>UNIT Monash: Week Eight Newsletter</h1>\n<h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>Hey <<First Name>>!</h1>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Welcome back, we hope you took the time to relax over the break.<br>Last week was huge for earnings reports, have a read below to check out which<br>major company's released their Q1 reports and our three<br>main superstars among them!</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Weekly Market Wrap</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Twitter (NYSE: TWTR)</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Twitter is definitely in the limelight after it reported Q1 earnings per share of<br>US$0.37 cents (adjusted), more than double that of the US$0.15 cents per<br>share anticipated by analysts. Twitter's revenue came in at US$787 million for<br>the quarter. It was not just Twitter's revenue that showed exceptional<br>growth, the platform's 330 million monthly active users (MAUs) came in 3.64<br>per cent higher than the 318 million estimated by FactSet. Twitter also showed<br>strong performance in its new metric adopted in the previous<br>quarter, monetizable daily active users (mDAUs). Twitter has added the mDAUs<br>indicator to its repertoire to more accurately depict its financial performance<br>and will use it to supersede MAUs starting from the next quarter. Twitter's<br>mDAUs has grown from 126 million in the previous quarter to 134 million to<br>date. Twitter's investors are rejoicing following the many positives pertaining to<br>their earnings report, enjoying a 15.6 per cent surge in share price from<br>US$34.39 to US$39.77. The boost to Twitter's share price has been well<br>received after a slow start to the year and a sluggish period in Q4 2018. The<br>social media company's market capital currently stands at US$30.5 billion,<br>up US$4.1 billion from Q4.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Coca-Cola Company has shown a promising growth streak over Q1 and<br>appears as strong as ever despite its disappointing 2019 outlook released to<br>investors in the previous quarter. The beverage industry giant came out with Q1<br>earnings that beat analyst estimations at every turn. Coca-Cola reported<br>earnings per share of US$0.48 cents (adjusted) compared with the US$0.46<br>cents per share expected. Coca-Cola also smashed Wallstreet's US$7.88<br>billion revenue estimate, reporting revenue of US$8.02 billion, with a net<br>income of US1.68 billion. Coca-Cola's CEO, James Quincey, hailed the<br>company's water, sports drinks and zero sugar beverages as key contributors<br>to the increased net sales for the quarter. Coca-Cola shares finished strong at<br>US$48.21, up 3 per cent from $US47.40 the previous day.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Coca-Cola Co (NYSE: KO)</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Snap Inc (NYSE: SNAP)</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Snap Inc appears to be making a comeback after an extended period of<br>uncertainty. The social media company, which has been struggling over the<br>past few years, rallied in Q1 to show unexpected positive growth. Snap<br>demonstrated the possibility of improved share price, up 11 per cent, in<br>response to lower than expected losses. Snap reported a loss per share of<br>US$0.10 cents against the US$0.12 cent per share loss forecast by analysts. In<br>conjunction, Snap reported higher than expected revenue, global daily active<br>users (DAUs) and average revenue per user (ARPU). Snap's revenue was 4.23<br>per cent higher at US$320 million, its global DAUs was 1.48 per cent higher at<br>190 million and its APRU came in 3.7 per cent higher at US$1.68. Snap's<br>revival can be attributed to its new gaming platform, new original shows and<br>more augmented reality features. The company has also completed the roll out<br>of its re-engineered Android app. Snap's share price ended the week at<br>US$11.97, more than double its US$5.79 share price at the start of the year.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Here is a more comprehensive list of last week's earnings reports:<br>Monday: Kimberly-Clark, Halliburton<br>Tuesday: P&G, Verizon, Coca-Cola, United Technologies, eBay, Twitter, Snap<br>Wednesday: Microsoft, Facebook, Visa, AT&T, Boeing, Caterpillar, PayPal,<br>Tesla, Chipotle<br>Thursday: Amazon, Intel, Comcast, 3M, Altria, UPS, Starbucks, Ford<br>Friday: Exxon Mobil, Chevron, Sony</p>\n<figure><img id='16' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1304,3291); bottom-right:(2204,3545)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Weekly Global Breakdown</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Australia</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Australian shares finished off the week in positive territory, surging to its highest level since 2007. The</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>S&P / ASX 200 and the broader All Ordinaries climbed 2 and 1.9 per cent higher respectively.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>After the Easter long weekend, strong US earnings and rising oil prices boosted investor\u2019s optimism.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>However, market watchers are expecting the RBA to cut the cash rate, as early as May, following the</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>release of softer inflation numbers.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Despite strong US earnings, the ASX is expected to open the week slightly lower, with SPI futures pointing</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>to a 2 per cent drop at open. Investors are now waiting for the release of bank earnings next week, with</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>two of the big 4 banks scheduled to report their earnings.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>US</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The US earnings results were mixed. Ford and Amazon reported strong first quarter results, exceeding</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>analyst\u2019s estimates, whilst Intel and Exxon Mobil fell below analyst expectations. Bond prices surged</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>slumped 0.03 per cent.</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>higher on Friday, signaling that investors were being more cautious. The yield on the 10-year Treasury</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Despite the mixed earnings results and more cautious outlook of investors, the Commerce Department\u2019s</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>economic reading revealed that the US economy expanded at 3.2 per cent annual pace in the first quarter,</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>which boosted investor sentiment. This 3.2 per cent was well ahead of expectations and helps to ease</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>concerns over slowing global growth.</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>due to report.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The US earnings season is set to continue this week with Apple, General Motors and Pfizer among those</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 50112, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1/20/2020 UNIT Monash Week 8 Newsletter: Q1 Earning Reports</p>\n<br><table id='43' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Subscribe Past Issues</td><td>China stocks fell marginally on Friday, with the blue-chip CSI300 index and Shanghai Composite Index</td><td>Translate RSS</td></tr><tr><td>purposes and is provided for the personal interest of UNIT members. The opinions weekly newsletter do not reflect those of UNIT as an organisation or its sponsors.</td><td>dipping 1.3 per cent and 1.2 per cent respectively. As there are signs that the economy is stabilising, investors are concerned that China may scale back its stimulus measures. Japan\u2019s Nikkei also tumbled on Friday after weaker earnings reports from high tech firms, with Anritsu, slumping 12.8 percent following a much weaker earnings guidance. Asian markets are poised to open higher on Monday, with investors expecting upbeat US growth data and China industrial data. Europe European share markets finished higher on Friday on the back of strong US earnings growth in the first quarter, which helped to recoup earlier losses in the session. The stronger than expected US growth data came as a relief to investors, after softer data from South Korea and Germany earlier on in the week. The pan-European STOXX 600 index rose 0.2 per cent with drug maker, Sanofi and engine maker Safran\u2019s strong earnings results weighing on the market. Market watchers will be closely monitoring the meeting of the US Federal Reserve and Chinese factory data this week, for more insights into the policy direction of the world\u2019s largest economies. New to markets? Got Questions? As we mentioned in previous emails - we started UNIT Monash with the vision of educating the student community in investing and trading to one day strive for financial independence. We want to create a new concept of peer-to-peer communications about investing and trading. There's a lot of value in sharing experiences, having opinions and shedding light on new ideas. Feel free to get in contact with us via Facebook if you have any enquiries about investment, trading or our upcoming events or if you would like to provide any feedback. Regards, UNIT Monash SPONSORS AND PARTNERS D isclaimer The authors of this publication are not qualified to provide financial or investment advice and as such the content provided should not be construed in this manner. All information is intended purely for educational expressed within the</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This email was sent to <<Email Address>></p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>why did I get this? unsubscribe from this list update subscription preferences</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>University Network of Investing and Trading \u00b7 Monash University, Wellington Road \u00b7 Clayton, Victoria 3800 \u00b7 Australia</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>https://mailchi.mp/f16e1a235771/unit-monash-week-8-newsletter-q1-earning-reports 2/2</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2052936, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nAustralia's position is rather more idiosyncratic. Closed borders \nmean virtually no workers coming from overseas combined \nwith the historically high participation rate, there are pockets \nof wage pressure emerging. Although no widespread wage lift \nhas been seen in official data, anecdotal evidence suggests that \nthe labour market is tightening a little quicker than the RBA has \nforecast. The RBA has significantly revised up expected growth \nrates for 2021 to 4.75%. Unemployment is expected to fall to 5% \nby year end.\n\n\n \n\nThe RBA is embarking on the slow process of unwinding its \nemergency settings, whilst hoping to spark a healthy measure \nof inflation. So as not to allow an unhelpfully high Australian \ndollar, official cash rates are unlikely to lift ahead of the US \nincreasing cash rates. However, reflecting the improved \nbackdrop, the RBA has decided to not extend its Yield Curve \nControl point beyond the current maturity (April 2024 \nGovernment Bond) at 0.1%. Given smaller government budget \ndeficits, the RBA has been able to trim the volume of its bond \npurchases. Consequently, we expect some upward recalibration \nto interest rates, with 10-year yields moving higher to around \n1.9% by year end.\n\n\n \n\nThe Fund's exposure to inflation-linked bonds caters to the \nlikely lift in headline inflation from the rebasing effect of the \ndepths of \"COVID-19 shutdown\" passing, and as a hedge \nagainst expectations of wage increases.\n\n\n \n\nIntermediate maturity semi-government and corporate bonds \ncontinue to have attraction given the \"roll down\" of their very \nsteep yield curves. The global \"hunt for yield\" born of ultra-low \ncash rates continues to support the high grade corporate and \nsemi sectors.\n\n\nSector Profile\n\n\nP ortfolio Summary Statistics\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2993225, "type": "text", "content": "Subscribe Share Past Issues\n\n\n \n\n1/20/2020 Week 4 Market Wrap!\n\n\nView this email in your browser\n\n\n \n\nTranslate RSS\n\n\nUNIT Monash: Week Four Newsletter\n\n\n# G'day <>,\n\n\nGlad to see your investment in us and yourself has survived to week four!\n\n\nWe have touched on a variety of international companies in our previous \neditions and while we hope you have enjoyed this worldly approach, we would \nlike to introduce this week's 'Down Under' themed newsletter!\n\n\nWeekly Stock Market Wrap\n\n\n(Where's Wallex?)\n\n\n \n\n# AIRWALLEX (UNLISTED)\n\n\nHave you heard of Airwallex? If you haven't then let us educate you on \nAustralia's newest unicorn*. Airwallex is a Melbourne-born fintech company\nthat \nspecialises in global payments, expecting to facilitate the transfer of close\nto \n$10 billion this year alone. Led by DTS Global, Airwallex's highly successful \nSeries C fundraising round raised AU$141.3m last week and pushed them into \nthe US$1 billion club. What makes this effort so extraordinary is \nthat Airwallex was only started back in 2015. As it currently \nstands this Australian unicorn will remain elusive to us investors, indicating\n\n\n \n\nno intent on going public (at least for the next three years).\n\n\n*In the venture capital world, a unicorn refers to any tech startup that reaches\n\n\n \n\na market value of US$1 billion.\n\n\nWESTPAC (ASX:WBC)\n\n\n \n\n(West-packing its bags)\n\n\n \n\nWestpac has experienced financial turmoil that can be attributed \nto decreased revenue and increased expenses. In light of the financial\nservices \nRoyal Commission, Westpac will endure another year \nof extensive remuneration payments to customers, expecting to reduce 2019 \nearnings by as much as $290 million. Having incurred pay-outs of $118 million \nand $281 million at the end of 2017 and 2018 respectively, Westpac shares \nhave decreased at a marginal rate over this period. Week to date, Westpac are \ncurrently down 1.51 per cent to $26.11 per share. On the expense side, \nWestpac expects to sustain a one-off cost of between $250-300 million in order \nto wind up its financial advice business and restructure its wealth and\ninsurance \nsectors. In an effort to reduce the impact, Westpac will be making 900 \nemployees redundant while redirecting customers to Viridian Advisory for a yet\n\n\n \n\nto be disclosed sum.\n\n\nCOLES (ASX:COL)\n\n\n \n\n(Just waiting for the right mate)\n\n\n \n\nColes' week to date share price has risen by 4.7 per cent to AU$11.96\nfollowing \nstronger consumer sentiment resulting from several successful philanthropic \nventures. In particular, Coles raised the price of its Coles Brand milk by \n$0.10 and passed on the margin to dairy suppliers to alleviate the public \nscrutiny and put an end to the milk price war. In conjunction with these\nefforts, \nColes also raised $4 million and $7 million for drought affected farmers\nthrough \nthe Coles Dairy Drought Relief Fund and the Country Women\u2019s Association\u2019s\n\n\n \n\nDrought Appeal respectively.\n\n\n \n\nIn October of last year, Coles made its return to the ASX as a standalone\npublic \ncompany. Coles had previously been delisted in 2007 due to a merger \nwith Wesfarmers. However, it appears Coles has found itself in a new, highly \nbeneficial, partnership. Coles has joined forces with UK's online supermarket \nOcado in a $150 million deal. The agreement aims to \nincorporate Ocado's dominant online grocery platform, automated single pick \nfulfilment technology and home delivery solution to Australia by 2023. The\nroll \nout of the technology will come in the form of automated customer fulfilment \ncentres (CFCs) in Sydney and Melbourne, each with an estimated annual sales\n\n\n \n\ncapacity of between $500 million and $750 million.\n\n\nAustralia\n\n\n \n\nWeekly Global Market Breakdown\n\n\nAustralia finished the week on a positive note with the big banks and health \ncare sectors leading the way. The big 4 banks edged higher during the middle \nof the week but showed slowing growth towards week end. Health care stocks \nwere also up 1.21 per cent with CSL weighing on the market with a 1.52 per \ncent upswing.\n\n\nUS\n\n\n \n\nU S stocks have tumbled after softer manufacturing data dipped to a 21-month \nlow and an inverted yield curve has ignited fresh concerns over a downturn in \nglobal growth. These recession fears have rattled the market, which has \nprompted a global-sell off. \nDue to the growing fears of a recession, the ASX is set to dive on Monday,\nwith \nSPI futures pointing to a 50-point loss at open.\n\n\nWall Street stocks have suffered a big slide, with all three major indexes \ntumbling, as weak factory data from both US and Europe led to an inverted \nyield curve. US Treasury 10-year note yields fell below three-month US \nTreasury bill yields for the first time in just over a decade. eeding into\nescalating \nconcerns over global growth, with an inverted yield curve historically a \nprecursor of a recession.\n\n\n \n\nThe worries that a recession may be on the horizon have resulted in the Dow \nJones Industrial Average falling 1.8 per cent and the Nasdaq composite\n\n\n \n\nslumping 2.5 per cent.\n\n\nAs\u00eda\n\n\nChinese stocks posted a 2.5 per cent weekly gain on expectations of more \nstimulus measures to fuel growth but finished off the week flat following \nongoing trade discussions. Trade talks between US-China are expected to \ncontinue on Thursday in Beijing. However, Hong Kong stocks clawed back its \nearlier losses with Tencent Holdings weighing the heaviest. The Shanghai \nStock Exchange has made a giant leap forward in launching its Nasdaq-style \ntechnology board, with nine companies listing applications being accepted.\n\n\nEurope\n\n\nhttps://us13.campaign-\narchive.com/?u=e5836736eaa76eee55f8b60ff&id;=432cf43d15&e;=[UNIQID] 1/2\n\n\n \nEuropean markets have extended their run of losses on Friday, as fears of a\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2989309, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nchanges and found that they have a significant \nmeasurable effect on the stock returns of banks. \nUsing interest rate futures to proxy expectations, he \nshowed that in the absence of surprises, changes in \ninterest rates had limited effects, to the extent that \ninformation conveyed was similar to that already \ncontained in other economic indicators or data. He \nalso showed that the markets did not totally rely on \nthe discount rate as an indicator of future expecta- \ntions but also looked to other economic indicators. \nAccordingly, if there is no information value in the \nrate change announced by the RBA, we expect this \nwill be evidenced by the lack of any measurable \nabnormal effects on the bank stock price. This im- \nplies that the target cash rate changes may have no \nsignificant direct impact on returns if there is limited \n\"news\" or surprise value. Bernanke and Kuttner \n(2005) examined the broader stock market and con- \ncluded that unexpected monetary policy actions \nprompted relatively strong and consistent responses \nby the stock market but only accounted for a small \nproportion of the overall variability in stock returns. \nIn addition, they showed that responses to monetary \npolicy differ across industry portfolios and are con- \nsistent with the predictions arising from the CAPM.\n\n\n \n\nCoppel and Connolly (2003) show that, as a result \nof the RBA's open communication policy there has \nbeen a reduction in the volatility of interest rates and \ninvestors show a better anticipation of policy \nchanges. They suggest that financial markets have \nbecome relatively efficient in interpreting economic \ndata and policy announcements. A later study by \nConnolly and Kohler (2004) found that cash rate \nchange announcements whilst important to markets, \nwere always weighed in the context of other eco- \nnomic indicators in determining expectations of \nfuture interest rates. Macro-economic information \nwas often seen as a better longer-term indicator, so \nthat any RBA announcements were considered in \nthe context of other pre-existing economic informa- \ntion. Additionally, the market paid attention, in a \nqualitative sense, to the commentary that came with \nthe announcements and not just the quantitative \nvalue of the announced data. The impact of such \nevents was even stronger when Australian economic \nnews was augmented by US economic news.\n\n\n \n\nMadura and Schnusenberg (2000) examined the \ninteraction between the bank stock returns and the \nUS Federal Reserve discount rate and found they \nwere negatively related. Using a comprehensive \nmethodology, the research showed that there was an \nasymmetric response in bank stock returns to \nchanges in target rate. More specifically, increases \nin the target rate evoked a disproportionate response \nto decreases. Further, Madura demonstrated that the \nFed rate change effect varied significantly depend-\n\n\n \n225\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 50111, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Asia</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Most Asian equities fell on Friday on the back of policy support worries and investor\u2019s fearing that the</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>stronger than expected US growth data, will result in an heavy outflow of foreign funds.</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>https://mailchi.mp/f16e1a235771/unit-monash-week-8-newsletter-q1-earning-reports 1/2</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2989302, "type": "text", "content": "Investment Management and Financial Innovations, Volume 5, Issue 4, 2008\n\n\nJohn J. Vaz (Australia), Mohamed Ariff (Australia), Robert D. Brooks\n(Australia)\n\n\n \n\nThe effect of interest rate changes on bank stock returns\n\n\n \n\n# Abstract\n\n\n \n\nThis study examines the effect of publicly announced changes in official\ninterest rates on the stock returns of the major \nbanks in Australia during the period from 1990 to 2005. Previous studies of\nsuch effects have reported inconclusive \nand mixed results. US evidence suggests that banking stocks are generally\nnegatively (positively) impacted by \nincreases (decreases) in official interest rates. We find, somewhat\nunexpectedly, that Australian bank stock returns are \nnot negatively impacted by the announced increases in official interest rates.\nFurthermore, banks apparently experience \nnet-positive abnormal returns when cash rates are increased, which is\nconsistent with dividend valuation theory that \nsuggests if income effects dominate, then stock returns need not be negatively\nimpacted. We explain our findings by \nthe fact that Australian banks, which operate in a less competitive and\nconcentrated banking environment compared to \nthe US, are able to advantageously manage earnings impacts when cash rate\nchanges are announced.\n\n\n \n\nKeywords: event study, interest rates, bank stock returns, monetary policy,\ndividend discount valuation model, optimal \ninterest rate theory. \nJEL Classification: E52, E58, G21.\n\n\n \n\n# Introduction(cid:120)\n\n\n \n\nDeveloped country economies such as that of Aus- \ntralia have enjoyed a long period of relatively stable \nlow interest rates, a growing economy and low un- \nemployment during the period from 1993 to 2006, \nwithin the interval of our study. The banking indus- \ntry in Australia has also undergone significant \nchange during this period with the entry of foreign \ncompetition and deregulation. However, the indus- \ntry is still less competitive than other developed \neconomies such as the US. There are less than \ntwelve banks offering a full range of services that \nare listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). \nAgainst this backdrop we investigate whether the \neffects on banking stock returns from interest rate \nchanges are consistent with established theories of \ninterest rate effects under competition.\n\n\n \n\nThe Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA)1 uses the \ncash rate to affect interest rates, as its key lever for \ncontrolling inflation, in the context of ensuring eco- \nnomic growth and the stability of the banking sys- \ntem. The RBA adopted the practice of the publicized \nrelease of cash rate changes in January 1990 as part \nof a range of initiatives to improve financial market \nstability, and to increase the transparency of its \nmonetary policy processes. Prior to this, cash rate \ntargets were not announced but adjusted as and \nwhen needed, with limited public disclosure. This \ndata set, available for the period under the new pol- \nicy, provides an opportunity to test whether publicly\n\n\n\u00a9 John J. Vaz, Mohamed Ariff, Robert D. Brooks, 2008. \nWe acknowledge the useful comments of Barry Williams, Bond Univer- \nsity and the helpful insight provided by the comments of an anonymous \nreviewer. \n1 The Reserve Bank of Australia is the independent authority responsi- \nble for managing monetary policy in Australia, with the objective of \nminimizing inflation, has been a key contributor to the stable economic \nperformance of the Australian economy (RBA, 2005).\n\n\n \n\ndisclosed cash rate changes elicit negative or posi- \ntive share price effects. We investigate the manner \nin which bank stock returns react to each cash rate \nchange by the RBA, an issue that has not been stud- \nied by researchers. Interest rate changes affect oper- \nating returns and implicitly stock returns to varying \ndegrees, this is particularly so for financial institu- \ntions such as banks.\n\n\n \n\nA large number of studies, notably in the US, report \nthat the share prices of banks are negatively affected \nby interest rate changes as predicted by Stone \n(1974). However, banks in less competitive envi- \nronments with relatively greater market power may \nbe able to benefit from interest rate changes. They \ndo so by securing increased interest income (over \nand above the changes in deposit rates), and are thus \nlikely elicit a positive share price effect in the mar- \nket. Coppel and Connolly (2003) report that infla- \ntion rate targeting (within a narrow range) became \nofficial policy in Australia in 1996, and the RBA \nhas clearly demonstrated that it will use cash rates to \nmanage inflation. Understanding the resultant im- \npacts of these changes is useful as there is little re- \nported evidence of the effects of these announced \nchanges on bank stock returns. This is particularly \ntrue for the period following the entry of the foreign \nbanks and the stable interest rate and good economic \ngrowth period of 1993 to 2005.\n\n\n \n\nThe RBA target cash rate represents the intended \nover-night borrowing rate that applies to banks \ntransacting with the RBA for short-term funds. In \npractice, the target cash rate promulgated by the \nRBA, influences rates charged by banks between \nthemselves in securing funds on a daily basis and \nthus affects the prevailing interest rates in the mar- \nket (see Cook and Hahn, 1989; and Lowe, 1995). \nThere have been some studies in Australia on the \nimpacts of official interest rate changes on stock \nreturns in general. Diggle and Brooks (2007) use the\n\n\n \n221\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1675273, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='99' style='font-size:14px'>19</header>\n<br><h1 id='100' style='font-size:14px'>NUS RMI-CRI</h1>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Quarterly Credit Report, Q4/2016</p>\n<p id='102' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 The unemployment rate stood at 5.7% in December, 0.1 percentage points lower than<br>a year before. While the monthly employment rose by 0.1% between November and<br>December 2016, it remains below the monthly average growth rate of 0.15% over the<br>past 20 years. Australia\u2019s labour force participation rate was 64.6% in December.49<br>\u2022 The Australian Performance of Manufacturing Index (PMI), as reported by The Aus-<br>tralian Industry Group, stood at 55.4 in December, an increase of 1.2 points from<br>November. Expansion in the food & beverages, petroleum, coal and chemicals &<br>rubber products, non-metallic mineral products and machinery and equipment sectors<br>contributed to the rise. The equivalent index for services (PSI) rose by 6.6 points<br>to stand at 57.7 points in December, the highest monthly result in almost a decade.<br>However, the Australian Performance of Construction Index (PCI) was at 47.0 points in<br>December, a third consecutive month of contraction.50,51,52.<br>\u2022 Key export prices increased 3.5% in Q3 2016, relative to the previous quarter. However,<br>key export prices were still 5.4% lower from the corresponding 2015 quarter. Edible oils<br>and mineral fuels posting the highest increase in prices in this quarter. Crude materials<br>also posted a 4.4% increase, while Australia\u2019s key export coal has doubled in price<br>since the start of the year due to slowdown in supply from China, Indonesia and the<br>U.S.53,54</p>\n<br><h1 id='103' style='font-size:14px'>Monetary Policy</h1>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) lowered its benchmark interest rate to a record<br>low of 1.5% in August to stimulate economic activity, with analysts predicting the rate<br>could be as low as 1% by mid-2017. Consumer sentiment is waning on the effective-<br>ness of the policy, and whether the RBA can still continually utilize the interest rate as<br>an effective tool to affect money supply.55,56</p>\n<br><h1 id='105' style='font-size:14px'>Funding & Liquidity</h1>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Yields on 10-year Australian government bonds rose steadily throughout the quarter.<br>The previous quarter reported a high of 1.99% in September 2016, while yields in<br>December was 2.79%, 129 basis points higher than the RBA lending rate.57<br>\u2022 Indicative lending rates to large businesses decreased, with the last reported \ufb01gure in<br>Sep 2016 being 3.95% - a dip from 4.05% at the start of the year. 3-year \ufb01xed lending<br>rates to small businesses rose to 5.30% throughout the quarter, an increment from<br>the 5.25% average throughout Q3 2016. Rates on loans to larger businesses have<br>historically followed \ufb01xed rates on small business loans, which are reported monthly.58<br>\u2022 Average commercial lending during the quarter increased, with total loans to business-<br>es up by 1.7% from Q3 2016, while total lending to individuals was higher by 1.9%<br>quarter-on-quarter.59</p>\n<br><h1 id='107' style='font-size:14px'>Sovereign Credit Ratings</h1>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Standard& Poor\u2019s and Fitch Ratings maintained their AAA ratings on Australia, while<br>Moody\u2019s maintained their Aaa rating. All three rating agencies had stable outlooks on<br>the government\u2019s credit, with the exception of S&P, which had a negative outlook.60</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 542006, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='18' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(2,1); bottom-right:(1254,488)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:20px'>Australia</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The general state of the Australian economy continues<br>to improve from the damage of the 2020 lockdowns. The<br>unemployment rate continued to fall, down to 5.8% in<br>February and pleasingly we saw the participation rate recover<br>back to pre-pandemic levels. Consumer confidence remains<br>strong, supporting the idea that consumer spending can<br>help drive the economy in the near term as people gain<br>confidence to spend some of their excess savings with<br>household savings hitting record levels in June last year.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Small COVID-19 outbreaks, such as in Brisbane, remained<br>a feature that prompted short and sharp lockdowns but<br>without escalating further. The vaccine rollout has become<br>challenging due to a mix of overseas supply problems and<br>issues with distribution and planning. Concerns over the<br>AstraZeneca vaccine saw it effectively pulled as an option for<br>Australians who are under 50. This is disappointing news but<br>will not likely derail the economic recovery. It does however<br>leave us vulnerable to further COVID-19 outbreaks particularly<br>without the safety net of government stimulus programs such<br>as the JobKeeper wage subsidy. It also delays efforts to<br>reopen international borders with the tourism and education<br>sectors, which are reliant on overseas travellers and<br>students, remaining under pressure in the near-term.</p>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:20px'>Fixed income and currencies</h1>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Global central banks such as the US Federal Reserve<br>maintained a commitment to keeping interest rates low for<br>the next few years. The Reserve Bank of Australia restated<br>its view that it will take until 2024 before the economy is<br>sufficiently strong enough to increase interest rates from their<br>record low level of 0.1%.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The prospect of stronger economic growth meant there was<br>a reduced need to \u2018hide\u2019 in bonds. This saw investors exit<br>safer investments such as government bonds in favour of<br>riskier assets such as shares and high yield bonds. These<br>moves by investors saw Australian bonds return their worst<br>quarter since June 1994 with a loss of 3.2%. International<br>bonds fell 2.5% over the same period.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>It was a more uneven story for the Australian Dollar. The<br>improvement in UK and US prospects following successful<br>COVID-19 vaccinations saw our currency fall versus the US<br>Dollar and the British Pound. Conversely, our better handling<br>of the pandemic amid a surge in cases in both Europe<br>and Japan continued to support our dollar against their<br>currencies.</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Shares</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Australian market continues to rise from its March 2020<br>lows, finishing the March quarter up 4.3%. It was another<br>three months marked by optimism over global economic<br>recovery which benefitted companies profiting from a re-<br>opened economy such as tourism operator Flight Centre (up<br>more than 13%). Australia\u2019s management of the pandemic<br>supported overall economic health and also reduced financial<br>stress for individuals. This means a failure to repay loans is<br>less likely. This also supported the outlook for bank profits,<br>and dividends, and helped the banking sector start the year<br>strongly.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Evaluate the impact of the Australian market surge on future cash rate cuts by the RBA. If a 2% drop is anticipated at open after high share levels, estimate how this might influence RBA's decision-making, incorporating both economic indicators and investor sentiment.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 710, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 619933, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>There are also several marketing opportunities that<br>can be exploited on a limited budget. See Cuyler,<br>Aviva, Small Marketing Steps with Big Impact, 26<br>NO. 3 GPSoIo 10 (April/May 2009). The process<br>of taking advantage of the easiest opportunities first<br>is referred to in marketing as \u201cpicking the<br>low-hanging fruit,\u201d and includes tactics such as<br>fostering social ties with your referral network.<br>One excellent idea for free marketing proposed by<br>David V. Lorenzo in How to Market a Small Law<br>Firm for Less Than $500 (available at: www.small<br>firmsuccess.org/files/How to Market a Small Law<br>Firm for Less Than $500.pdf) is to take advantage<br>of news media:</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Every day, there are news items in the newspaper<br>and on television and radio that fall into your area<br>of expertise. Your local newspaper editor is<br>always looking for expert commentary on these<br>topics. A news story without a quote is not a true<br>news story.</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fax and mail a press release every month to local<br>editors and reporters who cover relevant stories.<br>Include a business card or two with your full<br>contact information \u2013 including your home and<br>mobile telephone numbers. The editors will most<br>likely throw away the press release, but some will</p>\n<footer id='42' style='font-size:20px'>-16-</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1625936, "type": "html", "content": "<br><header id='23' style='font-size:20px'>www.worldcommercereview.com</header>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>sures to provide the necessary peace of mind, including locking domains at the registry level, two-factor<br>authentication, and IP access restrictions, as well as consistent use of strong internal security controls.</p>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:14px'>4. Maximise the value of your domain portfolio</h1>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The expansion of the domain environment does not necessarily mean increasing domain budgets. Com-<br>panies can maximise the value of their existing portfolio through portfolio rightsizing and domain utilisa-<br>tion. A portfolio should be reviewed at least once a year to identify registration gaps, out-of-policy registra-<br>tions, underutilised domains and legacy domains that may be unnecessarily eating into the business-wide<br>budget.</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:14px'>5. Stay informed and get involved</h1>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Staying up-to-date with the latest and greatest happenings in the domain industry is an increasingly com-<br>plex challenge. Companies can get involved by joining trade or industry associations like INTA or ICANN.<br>Alternatively, businesses can stay informed by partnering with a corporate-only domain registrar who ad-<br>vocates for brand owner\u2019s rights and is committed to ongoing customer education.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In today\u2019s digital era, businesses can no longer focus simply on the cost of acquiring domain names, protection and<br>policing is key. The landscape is continuously evolving and by following these fundamental steps every organisa-<br>tion can ensure they have the most effective domain portfolio in<br>place. \u25a0</p>\n<h1 id='30' style='font-size:16px'>Charlie Abrahams is Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales at MarkMonitor\u00ae</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 329239, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='61' style='font-size:14px'>M arket Strategy</h1>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he process for developing and launching consumer products has changed significantly in recent years. Previously, Fortune 500 and other companies maintained multimillion-<br>dollar research and development divisions to develop and launch products to be sold primarily on retail shelves and supported by large television and print advertising<br>investment. The emergence of e-commerce giants, including Amazon.com, has caused retail shelf space to no longer be a requirement to launch a new product. Crowdfunding<br>sites like Kickstarter enable solo entrepreneurs to inexpensively produce an advertising video and quickly introduce a new product to millions of potential customers, and to<br>quickly gain those customers for a low cost of acquisition relative to the cost and time required in prior years as expensive traditional advertising investment is no longer<br>required to gain market awareness. For example, according to Statista.com, crowdfunded sales of products will exceed $18.9 billion in 2021. The consumer shift away from<br>brick and mortar retailers toward e-commerce has resulted in the bankruptcy or downsizing of many iconic retailers which sold toys, including Toys R Us, Sears, Kmart, and K-<br>B Toys, with the resultant loss in shelf space and available locations helping to drive our market opportunity. By utilizing the opportunities to market products over the internet,<br>rather than through traditional, commercial channels, we believe we can reach a much broader market for our brands and products.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L everaging Evolving Market Opportunities for Growth</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he Company believes that its anticipated growth will be driven by six macroeconomic factors:</p>\n<p id='65' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25cf The significant growth of ecommerce (Up 32.4% in 2020 versus 2019 (eMarketer 2020));</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25cf The increasing velocity of \u201cbrick and mortar\u201d retail closures;</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25cf Product innovation and immediate delivery gratification driving consumer desire for next-generation products with distinctive sets of features and benefits without a<br>reliance on brand awareness and familiarity;</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25cf The marriage of media-based entertainment and consumer goods</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25cf The rapid adoption of crowdsourcing to expedite successful new product launches; and</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u25cf The opportunity to market products over the internet and television, rather than through traditional, commercial channels, to reach a much broader, higher qualified<br>target market for brands, and products.</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n addition, we intend to acquire more small brands that have achieved approximately $1 million in retail sales over the trailing twelve-month period with a track record of<br>generating free cash flow. By leveraging our expertise in helping companies launch thousands of new products and our ability to create unique, customized packaging, we will<br>seek to elevate the value of these acquired brands by improving each part of their launch process, based on our own marketing methodologies.</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W e believe our acquisition strategy will allow us to acquire small brands using a combination of shares of our common stock, cash and other consideration, such as earn-outs.<br>We intend to use our acquisition strategy in order to acquire up to ten or more small brands per year for the next three years. In situations where we deem that a brand is not a<br>\u201cfit\u201d for acquisition or partnership, we may provide the brand with certain manufacturing or consulting services that will assist the brand to achieve its goals.</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O n November 30, 2020, the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, SRM Entertainment, LTD entered into a Stock Exchange Agreement with Jupiter Wellness, Inc.<br>(\u201cJupiter\u201d). Under the terms of the Exchange Agreement, Jupiter agreed to purchase all outstanding shares of common stock (the \u201cExchange Shares\u201d) issued by SRM from the<br>Company. As consideration for the purchase of the Exchange Shares, Jupiter issued the Company 200,000 shares of its restricted common stock, symbol JUPW as listed on<br>NASDAQ Capital Markets. The Company made the decision to divest the amusement park business due to the slow re-openings of amusement parks around the world and the<br>investment that would have been needed to remain open and the investment required to relaunch as the amusement parks begin to get back to full capacity. Please see Note 15<br>\u2014 Discontinued Operations for further information.</p>\n<footer id='74' style='font-size:14px'>30</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1958989, "type": "text", "content": "[ 1] Wertz, J.R. and W.J. Larson (eds). 1996. Reducing Space Mission Cost.\nDordrecht, The Netherlands \nand Torrance, CA: Kluwer Academic and Microcosm Press \n[2] Wertz, J.R. and W.J. Larson (eds). 1999. Space Mission Analysis and Design\n(3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The \nNetherlands and Torrance, CA: Kluwer Academic Publishers and Microcosm Press \n[3] London, Lt. Col. John R. III. October 1994. LEO on the Cheap\u2013Methods for\nAchieving Drastic \nReductions in Space Launch Costs. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University\nPress \n[4] Sarsfield, Liam. 1998. The Cosmos on a Shoestring: Small Spacecraft for\nSpace and Earth Sciences. \nSanta Monica, CA: Rand Corp \n[5] Wertz, J.R. and Simon Dawson. September 1996. What\u2019s the Price of Low\nCost? 10th Annual \nAIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites \n[6] Davidoff, M. 1998. The Radio Amateur\u2019s Satellite Handbook. Newington, CT:\nARRL \n[7] Briess, K., W. Baerwald, E. Gill, H. Kayal, S. Montenbruck, W. Halle, W.\nSkrbek, H. Studemund, T. \nTerzibaschian and H. Venus: \u201cTechnology Demonstration by the BIRD Mission.\u201d\nSelected \nProceedings of the IAA International Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth\nObservation, April \n7\u201311, 2003, in: Acta Astronautica 56(2005)57\u201363 \n[8] da Silva Curiel, A., L. Boland, J. Cooksley, M. Bekhti, P. Stephens, W.\nSun and M. Sweeting: \u201cFirst \nResults from the Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC).\u201d Selected\nProceedings of the IAA \nInternational Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation, April 7\u201311,\n2003, in: Acta \nAstronautica 56(2005)261\u2013271 \n[9] Drescher, A. and R. Sandau: \u201cTandem Satellites Concepts for Earth Remote\nSensing.\u201d IAA-00- \nIAA.11.4.07, 51st IAC, Rio de Janeiro, 2000\n\n\n74\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 770502, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>SMB Solutions is focused on delivering an entirely redesigned digital commerce experience for new and existing customers in 2014 and beyond.<br>In addition, the introduction of innovative and enhanced products in higher ARPU categories such as SEO and web presence marketing services,<br>\u201cDo it For Me\u201d website tools, security solutions, and premium Managed Exchanged offerings will be leveraged across multiple channels. This will<br>include both eBusiness center and online. It is expected that further planned enhancements to product control panels and service management portals<br>will boost customer experience and self-service usage.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='95' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(2384,96); bottom-right:(2481,1072)\" /></figure>\n<p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The release of new generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs) commenced and will accelerate significantly throughout 2014 with the launch of over four<br>hundred new domain spaces. This market expansion of domain name options will generate meaningful revenue opportunities for SMB Solutions in the<br>second half of 2014, ramping up further from 2015 onwards. The new gTLDs (such as .web, .sydney, .shop and so on) will provide small businesses<br>with greater choice and the ability to secure new domains. This can improve online exposure and increase website visitor traffic.<br>SMB Solutions is committed to the drive towards enabling increased ownership of multiple domains among SMBs in Australia and globally.<br>The business is well positioned to capitalize on this evolving opportunity. It has already executed on a number of key activities including trade mark<br>clearing house (TMCH) capabilities, sunrise offerings (as domains initially come to market), and integration into numerous key registries for the supply<br>of the new domain spaces.</p>\n<p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Melbourne IT also continues to seek new partnership opportunities with selected global leaders and the expansion of domain related offerings,<br>such as new gTLDs, into a number of its existing large international partners.</p>\n<p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Finally, as the SMB Solutions business moves beyond many of its back office related investments into more customer facing initiatives,<br>it is well-positioned to optimize operating cost structures and balance resources more effectively to drive improvements in top line revenue growth.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='99' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"SMB Solutions\nThe recent release of\nnew gTLDs will increase\nthroughout 2014\nproviding meaningful\nrevenue opportunities\nacross multiple sales\nchannels for many years\nto come.\nSMB SOLUTIONS FY 13 FY 12 ChANGE\nRevenue $76.3m $82.2m -7%\nEBITDA Contribution $8.9m $13.7m -35%\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1240,82); bottom-right:(2368,1662)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='100' style='font-size:14px'>Melbourne IT/annual review/2013 > 7</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 111353, "type": "text", "content": "Read Online Navistar Maxxforce 7 Engine Problems\n\n\n# Navistar Maxxforce 7 Engine Problems\n\n\n \n\nWhen people should go to the books stores, search foundation by shop, shelf by\nshelf, it is truly problematic. 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If you point to\ndownload and install the navistar maxxforce 7 engine problems, it is \nunquestionably easy then, back currently we extend the belong to to purchase\nand make bargains to download and install navistar maxxforce 7 \nengine problems hence simple!\n\n\nAfter more than 30 years $domain continues as a popular, proven, low-cost,\neffective marketing and exhibit service for publishers large and small. \n$domain book service remains focused on its original stated objective - to\ntake the experience of many years and hundreds of exhibits and put it to \nwork for publishers.\n\n\nNavistar Maxxforce 7 Engine Problems\n\n\n \n\nQ2 2021 Earnings CallJul 21, 2021, 10:00 a.m. ETContents: Prepared Remarks\nQuestions and Answers Call Participants Prepared Remarks: \nOperatorLadies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by, and ...\n\n\nCopyright code: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.\n\n\nCopyright : cslewisjubileefestival.org\n\n\n \nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2799127, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='2' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>TRADITIONAL</td><td>PARTNERSHIP</td><td>FULLY ASSISTED</td><td>DIY + DISTRIBUTOR</td><td>DIY DIRECT</td></tr><tr><td>key characteristics \u2022 Author receives advance and royalties, usually based on life-of-copyright contract \u2022 Process often takes 1\u20132 years</td><td>key characteristics \u2022 Author partners with agent, publisher, or author collec- tive, sharing the risk and the revenue \u2022 Author does not pay a fee to publish, but advance unlikely \u2022 There is a selection process; the partner does not accept all interested authors \u2022 Partner provides industry savvy and marketing expertise</td><td>key characteristics \u2022 Author pays an upfront fee for a package of services; service is paid</td><td></td><td>key characteristics Author does own, hires tance as</td></tr><tr><td>\u2022 Agent often required; highly selective process value for author \u2022 Publisher shoulders financial and creative risk \u2022 Physical bookstore distribu- tion often a given \u2022 Best chance of mainstream media coverage and reviews \u2022 Years of expertise in book editing, design, and produc- tion working for you \u2022 Marketing and publicity dept. insight, advice, assistance warnings + exceptions \u2022 New digital-only imprints may offer no advance, charge for services, yet demand same rights as other contracts \u2022 Part of the advance may be paid up to one year after the book\u2019s publication date \u2022 Successful indie/DIY authors can negotiate better deals and sometimes keep their e-book rights \u2022 The Big Six publishers (media owned) Small, independent presses, as Graywolf, Tin House, and Algonquin \u2022 Mid-size publishers, such as examples and F+W Media \u2022 University presses, which</td><td>value for author \u2022 Lower risk than DIY self- publishing; better royalties than traditional publishing \u2022 Gain benefit of a partner with experience and knowledge of the book publishing industry \u2022 Opportunity to focus more on creative work, less on admin- istrative, business end warnings + exceptions \u2022 Not all partners are created equal; some may offer little more than digital distribution and administration \u2022 Changing landscape means contracts may vary widely from partner to partner; con- sider hiring an agent to review the contract before signing \u2022 Make sure your partner is from doing something meaningful \u2022 to earn their share of revenue examples \u2022 Do not confuse this for agent-assisted self-pub below for special cases) Rogue Reader</td><td>provider does only what for \u2022 All work is accepted; the only criteria is that author can pay \u2022 Author receives better royalties than a traditional contract, but makes less than DIY options value for author \u2022 All you have to do is write a check and let the service provider do all the work warnings + exceptions \u2022 You get only what you pay for; you may end up with a book without commercial viability \u2022 Your book may be available for order through bookstores, but it is rarely ever physically distributed/stocked \u2022 The service company will try to sell you additional services that may provide little value \u2022 Books published through these services are often seen as lower quality than every other type of self-publishing \u2022 The self-pub success stories you hear about do not come examples full-assist services conglomerate \u2022 \u2022 Author Solutions, which such includes: Archway, Xlibris, AuthorHouse, iUniverse, Abbott Press, Westbow, Sourcebooks DellArte Press, Balboa Press \u2022 \u2022 Infinity Publishing</td><td>key characteristics \u2022 Author does all/most work on her own, hires outside assis- tance as needed, and provides the distributor with final files \u2022 The distribution service may charge an upfront fee and/ or take a cut of sales, and is responsible for paying you \u2022 Nonexclusive; the author is not bound to the distributor or giving up rights value for author \u2022 For e-book publishing, removes admin headache of managing accounts at multiple online retailers \u2022 For print or POD distribution, a service partner is mandato- ry; however, your book will not likely be stocked in stores, merely available for order \u2022 Some services provide free or paid e-book file conversion, marketing tools, and other services on an a la carte basis warnings + exceptions \u2022 Some distributors are also book retailers, such as Smashwords, Lulu, and examples \u2022 Smashwords (e-books) BookBaby (e-books) \u2022 eBookPartnership.com \u2022 CreateSpace (owned by Amazon, POD service) (see \u2022 Lulu (e-books and POD; avoid fully assisted service) \u2022 Lightning Source (POD) \u2022 Blurb</td><td>\u2022 all the work on her outside assis- needed, and provides retailers with finished, ready- to-go files or books \u2022 The retailer takes a cut of your sales, which may vary based on the price you set \u2022 Nonexclusive; the author deals with each retailer on at-will basis value for author \u2022 Maximizes earnings; by deal- ing direct, authors get highest possible percentage of sales \u2022 Authors can usually make changes and updates on the fly, as often as needed \u2022 Author retains maximum control over product, pricing, marketing, etc warnings + exceptions \u2022 Demands the most skill and effort from the author to get the best quality book \u2022 Amazon demands exclusivity if you enroll in KDP Select \u2022 Some agents will offer to Blurb assist you with DIY e-book publishing, and take 15% of your sales (see special cases) \u2022 It is difficult to indie publish enhanced e-books outside of Apple without a distirbution or service partner examples \u2022 Amazon KDP \u2022 Nook Press (Barnes & Noble)</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>lower author royalties / revenue 44444444444444 higher author royalties / revenue</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>SPECIAL + HARD-TO-CLASSIFY CASES</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Agent-assisted DIY e-book publishing. When the agent takes care of all administrative<br>and business duties related to DIY e-publishing (yellow column above)\u2014giving you an<br>\u201cassisted\u201d experience\u2014then takes 15% of your sales, in addition to charging various edi-<br>torial, production, and design fees.</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 \u0007Agent-assisted\u0007DIY\u0007e-book\u0007publishing\u0007exclusive\u0007to\u0007Amazon. Amazon\u2019s White Glove<br>program is only available to indie authors working through an agent. The agent receives<br>15% and your work receives preferential marketing and promotion from Amazon. How-<br>ever, your book may not be sold at any other retailer.</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022\u0007\u0007Agent-assisted\u0007e-book\u0007publishing\u0007&\u0007distribution.\u0007The agent signs you with an e-book<br>distributor that works specifically with agents and publishers. The two biggest firms are<br>Argo Navis and INscribe Digital. Be aware this puts two middlemen into the equation:<br>the distributor who gets a cut, and your agent who typically gets 15%.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>POPULAR TOOLS & SERVICES FOR PRODUCING E-BOOK FILES</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Scrivener: word-processing software<br>\u2022 Calibre: free e-book conversion tool<br>\u2022 Sigil: free EPUB formatting/creation tool<br>\u2022 PressBooks: free e-book formatting tool, Wordpress-based<br>\u2022 Apple Pages: can export EPUB files<br>\u2022 Apple iBooks Author: for building enhanced e-books<br>\u2022 Book Creator: iPad app for creating illustrated e-books (for iOS devices)<br>\u2022 AerBook Maker: good for multimedia-driven work</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Digital-only publishers: They may operate on traditional, partnership, or assisted<br>models. Proceed with caution and be careful when agreeing to exclusivity. There should<br>be a specific term to the contract (e.g., three years). How or when does the agreement<br>terminate? Be very protective of your rights if you\u2019re shouldering most of the risk and<br>effort. Examples of high-quality and innovative digital-only publishers: Byliner, Atavist,<br>Plympton, Kindle Singles, and countless e-book imprints from magazines, newspapers,<br>websites, and book publishers.<br>\u2022 \u0007Crowdfunding: When authors use a site such as Kickstarter, Pubslush, or Unbound to<br>fund their project.<br>\u2022 \u0007\u201cHybrid\u201d\u0007authors: There is much confusion over this term. When I use the term<br>\u201chybrid,\u201d I\u2019m referring to an author who both traditionally publishes and independently<br>(DIY) publishes. CJ Lyons is an example of such an author. A hybrid author may or may<br>not work with an agent.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>WHERE TO FIND FREELANCE ASSISTANCE + OTHER SERVICES</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 BiblioCrunch: find professional editorial help<br>\u2022 Editorial Freelancers Association: the-efa.org<br>\u2022 Agent Rachelle Gardner keeps a list of recommended editors at her website<br>(look under \u201cResources for Writers\u201d)<br>\u2022 WriterCube: marketing support<br>\u2022 For a link round-up on the basics of e-book publishing:<br>http://janefriedman.com/2013/04/21/how-to-publish-an-ebook/<br>\u2022 For a primer on how to get traditionally published:<br>http://janefriedman.com/2012/01/28/start-here-how-to-get-your-book-published/</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1519614, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='12' style='font-size:16px'>DOMSHLAK, KARPAS, & MARKOVITCH</header>\n<table id='13' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>coverage</td><td>selh</td><td>portint</td><td>portctr</td></tr><tr><td>airport (33)</td><td>0.91 (30)</td><td>0.91 (30)</td><td>0.91 (30)</td></tr><tr><td>freecell (58)</td><td>0.57 (33)</td><td>0.91 (53)</td><td>0.93 (54)</td></tr><tr><td>logistics00 (21)</td><td>0.95 (20)</td><td>0.95 (20)</td><td>1.00 (21)</td></tr><tr><td>mprime (24)</td><td>0.96 (23)</td><td>1.00 (24)</td><td>1.00 (24)</td></tr><tr><td>mystery (17)</td><td>1.00 (17)</td><td>1.18 (20)</td><td>1.18 (20)</td></tr><tr><td>pipesworld-tankage (13)</td><td>0.85 (11)</td><td>0.92 (12)</td><td>0.92 (12)</td></tr><tr><td>satellite (10)</td><td>0.80 (8)</td><td>0.80 (8)</td><td>0.80 (8)</td></tr><tr><td>zenotravel (13)</td><td>0.92 (12)</td><td>0.92 (12)</td><td>0.92 (12)</td></tr><tr><td>blocks (28)</td><td>1.00 (28)</td><td>1.00 (28)</td><td>1.00 (28)</td></tr><tr><td>depot (7)</td><td>1.00 (7)</td><td>1.00 (7)</td><td>1.00 (7)</td></tr><tr><td>driverlog (14)</td><td>0.93 (13)</td><td>1.00 (14)</td><td>1.00 (14)</td></tr><tr><td>grid (3)</td><td>0.67 (2)</td><td>0.67 (2)</td><td>0.67 (2)</td></tr><tr><td>gripper (7)</td><td>1.00 (7)</td><td>1.00 (7)</td><td>1.00 (7)</td></tr><tr><td>logistics98 (6)</td><td>1.00 (6)</td><td>1.00 (6)</td><td>1.00 (6)</td></tr><tr><td>miconic (142)</td><td>1.00 (142)</td><td>1.00 (142)</td><td>1.00 (142)</td></tr><tr><td>pathways (5)</td><td>1.00 (5)</td><td>1.00 (5)</td><td>1.00 (5)</td></tr><tr><td>pipesworld-notankage (18)</td><td>0.94 (17)</td><td>1.00 (18)</td><td>1.00 (18)</td></tr><tr><td>psr-small (49)</td><td>1.00 (49)</td><td>1.00 (49)</td><td>1.00 (49)</td></tr><tr><td>rovers (8)</td><td>1.00 (8)</td><td>1.00 (8)</td><td>1.00 (8)</td></tr><tr><td>schedule (30)</td><td>1.00 (30)</td><td>1.00 (30)</td><td>1.00 (30)</td></tr><tr><td>storage (15)</td><td>1.00 (15)</td><td>1.00 (15)</td><td>1.00 (15)</td></tr><tr><td>tpp (6)</td><td>1.00 (6)</td><td>1.00 (6)</td><td>1.00 (6)</td></tr><tr><td>trucks-strips (10)</td><td>1.00 (10)</td><td>0.90 (9)</td><td>0.90 (9)</td></tr><tr><td>elevators-opt08-strips (22)</td><td>0.95 (21)</td><td>0.82 (18)</td><td>0.86 (19)</td></tr><tr><td>openstacks-opt08-strips (20)</td><td>0.80 (16)</td><td>0.90 (18)</td><td>0.95 (19)</td></tr><tr><td>parcprinter-08-strips (22)</td><td>0.86 (19)</td><td>1.00 (22)</td><td>1.00 (22)</td></tr><tr><td>pegsol-08-strips (28)</td><td>0.96 (27)</td><td>0.96 (27)</td><td>0.96 (27)</td></tr><tr><td>scanalyzer-08-strips (16)</td><td>0.94 (15)</td><td>0.81 (13)</td><td>0.81 (13)</td></tr><tr><td>sokoban-opt08-strips (30)</td><td>0.87 (26)</td><td>0.97 (29)</td><td>0.97 (29)</td></tr><tr><td>transport-opt08-strips (12)</td><td>0.92 (11)</td><td>0.92 (11)</td><td>0.92 (11)</td></tr><tr><td>woodworking-opt08-strips (19)</td><td>0.79 (15)</td><td>0.84 (16)</td><td>0.89 (17)</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL</td><td>0.92 (649)</td><td>0.95 (679)</td><td>0.95 (684)</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Table 27: Detailed coverage of portfolio using hLA / hLM-CUT / hLM-CUT+. Number of problems<br>solved by selective max (selh), a simulated interruptible portfolio (portint), and a simu-<br>lated contract anytime portfolio (portctr) in each domain using heuristics hLA / hLM-CUT<br>/ hLM-CUT+. Domains are grouped into domains with unit cost actions and high variance<br>in coverage, domains with unit cost actions and low variance in coverage, and domains<br>with non-uniform action costs, respectively.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Tables 24, 25, 26 and 27 list the normalized coverage in each domain for selective max, and for<br>the simulated contract and interruptible sequential portfolios.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>References</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Arfaee, S. J., Zilles, S., & Holte, R. C. (2010). Bootstrap learning of heuristic functions. In Felner,<br>A., & Sturtevant, N. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third Annual Symposium on Combinatorial<br>Search (SoCS 2010), pp. 52\u201360. AAAI Press.</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>B\u00a8ackstr\u00a8om, C., & Klein, I. (1991). Planning in polynomial time: the SAS-PUBS class. Computa-<br>tional Intelligence, 7(3), 181\u2013197.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>B\u00a8ackstr\u00a8om, C., & Nebel, B. (1995). Complexity results for SAS+ planning. Computational Intelli-<br>gence, 11(4), 625\u2013655.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Bayardo Jr., R. J., & Schrag, R. (1997). Using CSP look-back techniques to solve real-world SAT<br>instances. In Kuipers, B., & Webber, B. L. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourteenth National<br>Conference on Arti\ufb01cial Intelligence (AAAI 1997), pp. 203\u2013208. AAAI Press.</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:16px'>752</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 698671, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='340' style='font-size:20px'>BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 109</header>\n<p id='341' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='342' style='font-size:22px'>Learning to Lead Together</h1>\n<br><h1 id='343' style='font-size:20px'>An Ecological and Community Approach</h1>\n<br><p id='344' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Jane Riddiford</p>\n<figure><img id='345' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(93,193); bottom-right:(222,372)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='346' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Never before has there been such strong recognition of the<br>importance of community-based projects to local communities<br>and urban redevelopment. This book is a first-hand account of<br>the challenges and breakthroughs of growing participatory<br>leadership through a community-based approach to<br>organisational development and urban regeneration.<br>The book focuses on the experiences of developing an<br>environmental education charity in London, Global Generation.<br>It shows how action research combined with nature practice<br>and storytelling has successfully grown shared purpose, trust<br>and collaboration, both within Global Generation and in the<br>wider community.</p>\n<br><p id='347' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge<br>Market: Business & Management<br>234x156: 216pp: 37 halftones<br>Hb: 978-0-367-68432-7: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-68433-4: Mar 2021: \u00a329.99<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367684334</p>\n<p id='348' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='349' style='font-size:22px'>Make Your Business Agile</h1>\n<br><p id='350' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A Roadmap for Transforming Your Management and Adapting to the<br>\u2018New Normal\u2019</p>\n<br><p id='351' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Peter Taylor, Head of Global PMO, Aptos Retail, UK</p>\n<br><figure><img id='352' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(88,624); bottom-right:(233,837)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='353' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In this book, project and change management expert Peter<br>Taylor walks you through the change process step by step,<br>providing a tried and tested transformation roadmap: benefits<br>are outlined, solutions to common challenges offered, and tried<br>and tested methods and tools provided. He guides you towards<br>a decentralised management style that offers more successful<br>decision making through collaboration.</p>\n<h1 id='354' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</h1>\n<br><p id='355' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Business and Management<br>198x129: 88pp: 1 illus: 1 halftones: 1 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-46894-1: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-74708-4: Mar 2021: \u00a326.99<br>eBook: 978-1-003-03182-6: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367747084</p>\n<p id='356' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='357' style='font-size:22px'>Managerial Perspective to Operational Excellence</h1>\n<br><p id='358' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Using Lean Ideas to Compete Against Low-Cost Countries<br>Atul Tripathi, Jaymalya Deb, Parker Hannifin and Vikas Kumar, Bristol Business School,<br>University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol UK</p>\n<br><p id='359' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This book is written to help operations leaders and middle management learn from<br>real-world examples where challenges are analyzed, broken-down, and then solved.This<br>book uses a case-based approach for Operational Excellence. It presents a summary of<br>lessons learned and insights on change management. The book also discusses different<br>analytical tools used to solve operational management problems.The book uses a<br>case-based approach to structuring and analyzing challenges for those involved in the<br>areas of Quality Management, Engineering Management, Business Management, and<br>Manufacturing, as well as postgraduate students.</p>\n<br><p id='360' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CRC Press</p>\n<br><p id='361' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Engineering: Industrila and Manufacturing<br>234x156: 128pp: 50 illus: 3 halftones: 47 line drawings: 32 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-68842-4: Mar 2021: \u00a374.99 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-13929-4: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.crcpress.com/9780367688424</p>\n<br><p id='362' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Project Execution of Mega-Projects for the Oil and<br>Gas Industries</p>\n<br><p id='363' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Soosaiya Anthreas</p>\n<br><p id='364' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This book covers execution of mega industrial projects in oil/gas industries covering<br>engineering, procurement, construction, commissioning and performance testing and<br>covers various tasks under each discipline to define the detailed scope of work, supplies<br>and services, as per Level III of Prima Vera Schedule based on contract-based schedule.</p>\n<br><p id='365' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CRC Press</p>\n<br><p id='366' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Project Management<br>234x156: 160pp: 7 illus: 20 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-67525-7: Mar 2021: \u00a374.99 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-13165-6: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.crcpress.com/9780367675257</p>\n<p id='367' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Quality Management in Oil and Gas Projects</p>\n<br><p id='368' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Abdul Razzak Rumane, Advisor and Director, Construction Management, Sijjeel Co.<br>W.L.L., Kuwait</p>\n<br><p id='369' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Series: Quality Management and Risk Series</p>\n<br><p id='370' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This book provides the tools and techniques, management principles, procedures, concepts,<br>and methods to ensure the successful completion of an oil and gas project and ensuring<br>the proper design, procurement, and construction for making the project most qualitative,<br>competitive, and economical for safer operational optimized performance.<br>It discusses quality during design, selection of project teams, procurement procedure of<br>EPC contract, managing quality during mobilization, procurement, execution, planning,<br>scheduling, monitoring, control, quality, and testing to achieve the desired results for an<br>oil and gas project.</p>\n<br><p id='371' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CRC Press</p>\n<br><p id='372' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Engineering - Industrial & Manufacturing<br>234x156: 312pp: 184 illus: 2 halftones: 182 line drawings: 127 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-46075-4: Feb 2021: \u00a3110.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-14505-9: Feb 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.crcpress.com/9780367460754</p>\n<p id='373' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Ready, Launch, Brand</p>\n<br><p id='374' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Lean Marketing Guide for Startups<br>Orly Zeewy</p>\n<br><p id='375' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Unlike traditional businesses, startups move at the speed of light and time to market is<br>critical. Founders of startups are not looking to run a small business which is why marketing<br>for small businesses doesn\u2019t work for startups.</p>\n<br><p id='376' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Productivity Press</p>\n<br><p id='377' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Business and Management / Marketing<br>229 x 152: 88pp: 50 illus<br>Hb: 978-0-367-46718-0: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-46662-6: Mar 2021: \u00a324.99<br>eBook: 978-1-003-03060-7: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.crcpress.com/9780367466626</p>\n<footer id='378' style='font-size:14px'>www.tandf.co.uk/eupdates Email: info@taylorandfrancis.co.uk www.tandfebooks.com<br>for e-mail updates in your field for more information eBooks for Libraries & Institutions</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2011290, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Read Online Million Dollar Launch How To Kick Start A Successful Consulting Practice In 90 Days</p>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Million Dollar Launch How To Kick Start A Successful Consulting Practice In 90 Days</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Eventually, you will entirely discover a additional experience and exploit by spending more cash. yet when? pull off you acknowledge that you require to acquire those all needs subsequent to having significantly cash? Why don't you try to get something basic in the beginning? That's something that will lead you to comprehend even more all but the globe, experience, some places, in the manner of history, amusement, and a lot more?</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>It is your unquestionably own times to discharge duty reviewing habit. in the course of guides you could enjoy now is million dollar launch how to kick start a successful consulting practice in 90 days below.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>How to Launch a Multimillion-Dollar Business With Books (FAST) How I Turned A BOOK Into $26 Million In Sales! MILLION DOLLAR LAUNCH SECRETS! How I Sold Over Half A Million Books Self-Publishing How to build a Billion Dollar app? | George Berkowski | TEDxCityUniversityLondon</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>How I Made 10 Million+ Dollars Online! Deconstructing My Sales Funnel...The Secret to a Million Dollar Launch... How I Built a $10 Million Dollar Business in 18 Months</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>How to Become a Million Dollar Consultant with Alan WeissHalf Million Dollar Launch Without Ads with Abbey Ashley How Matt Clark Built Amazing.com To A Multi-Million Dollar Online Business Book Pre-Order: How to Build a Million Dollar Art Business Sell 1 Million Books: How to LAUNCH Your Book | #1MBusiness The Million Dollar Handshake Book Launch How I Sold $26 Million With My Book ( Debunked ) The Million Dollar Space Pen How To Make A Million Dollars Selling A Single Online Course How To Develop A Million Dollar App Sell 1</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Books: Launch, Promotion, \\u0026 Marketing | #1MBusiness How to Build a Billion Dollar App Million Dollar Launch How To</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Start reading Million Dollar Launch on your Kindle in under a minute. Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here, or download a FREE Kindle Reading App.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful Consulting Practice in 90 Days eBook: Weiss, Alan: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful Consulting Practice in 90 Days - Ebook written by Alan Weiss. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful Consulting Practice in 90 Days.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If 10 of her friends helped to advertise her launch and she gave each of them a million dollars, everyone walked away set for the 4th quarter of 2020 and the beginning of 2021. We won\u2019t hear from any of them until march 2021 and Amy\u2019s team will be the one\u2019s running that Facebook group and dripping out the content of her course while she chills on a beach with her family and guru friends.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>How To Have A Million Dollar Launch ...</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In Million Dollar Launch, bestselling author and superstar consultant Alan Weiss shows you how to get your business up and running\u2014fast! Step by step, Weiss reveals how to create a revenue-producing practice quickly and successfully\u2014while funds last and while support systems remain passionate. This is an indispensable guide to those ...</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch book. Read 9 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. \u201c[Weiss is] one of the most highly respected independent consu...</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Free Joint to access PDF files and Read this Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful Practice in 90 Days \u2b50 books every where. Over 10 million ePub/PDF/Audible/Kindle books covering all genres in our book directory.Alan Weiss is the bestselling author of Million Dollar Consulting.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I made a million dollars in one day, over one launch, and I\u2019m going to break it all down for you today. I wanted this launch to be the biggest one yet, especially because of the pandemic and the various fears that people have about their ability to make money, and I knew that getting to this goal was going to turn your fears around and prove that it\u2019s totally possible for you too.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Ep #75: Million Dollar Launch \u2013 Stacey Boehman</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful Consulting Practice in 90 Days - Kindle edition by Weiss, Alan. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a Successful Consulting Practice in 90 Days.</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Amazon.com: Million Dollar Launch: How to Kick-start a ...</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>million dollar launch how to kick start a successful consulting practice in 90 days in your conventional and welcoming gadget. This condition will suppose you too often gain access to in the spare time more than chatting or gossiping. It will not create you have bad habit, but it will guide you to have bigger habit to open book. ROMANCE ACTION & ADVENTURE</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch How To Kick Start A Successful ...</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>But the truth is, a million-dollar launch applies to you more than you might think. After nearly three years online, I\u2019ve launched or helped launch everything from $27 ebooks to WordPress plugins and themes to membership sites. Despite the specific configuration of the moving parts, the basic elements are always the same.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch How to kickstart a business in 90 days. Alan has distilled all of his work on business launches to the essentials needed for an accelerated, unimaginable,90-day successful startup. In other words, how you can start generating money within 90 days.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>10 Lessons from My First Million-Dollar Launch - Copyblogger</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch - Alan Weiss, PhD</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>How a mum-of-two, 38, narrowly avoided bankruptcy by launching a multi-million dollar 'miracle' skincare empire that now sells 10,000 products a WEEK Felicity Evans is the founder of booming ...</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Mum overcomes bankruptcy to launch multi-million dollar ...</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch (Book) | Omaha Public Library ...</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch How to Kick-start A Successful Consulting Practice in 90 Days (Book) : Weiss, Alan : \"\"[Weiss is] one of the most highly respected independent consultants in the country.\" --New York PostIf you're an aspiring entrepreneur, you've come to the right place. In Million Dollar Launch, bestselling author and superstar consultant Alan Weiss shows you how to get your business up ...</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In Million Dollar Launch , bestselling author and superstar consultant Alan Weiss shows you how to get your business up and running-fast! Step by step, Weiss reveals how to create a revenue-producing practice quickly and successfully-while funds last and while support systems remain passionate. This is an indispensable guide to those critical ...</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Sisters behind a multi-million-dollar beach business launch a new $44 towel that REPELS sand - and shoppers say it will 'transform' your days by the sea forever.</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Million Dollar Launch : Alan Weiss : 9780071826341 ...</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Sisters behind multi-million-dollar business launch new ...</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Bloomberg delivers business and markets news, data, analysis, and video to the world, featuring stories from Businessweek and Bloomberg News on everything pertaining to technology</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Bloomberg Technology - Bloomberg</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>All the latest breaking UK and world news with in-depth comment and analysis, pictures and videos from MailOnline and the Daily Mail.</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>News Headlines | Today's UK & World News | Daily Mail Online</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>BEIJING, Nov. 16, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- WeTrade Group (US:WETG) announced the official launch of Nasdaq transfer and plans to raise no more than $100 million dollars. Univest Securities is the main ...</p>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Copyright code : 179e214dff96eb745be67f3f53493199</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright : sunone.com</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Page 1/1</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A small publisher is planning a launch and needs to save on costs while not interfering with industry trends or major events like the earnings call. They consider using $domain for their low-cost effectiveness. If $domain helps publishers for over 30 years, how should the publisher strategically plan their launch within a fiscal year to ensure maximum marketing support and optimal cost-efficiency?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 711, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3556084, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>expand the pool of donors who are<br>actively contributing.\u201d</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W hen not working or volunteering,<br>Kara and Wade like to travel with<br>their daughters, Nora (age 5)<br>and Brynlee (age 2), and Colby,<br>the family golden retriever. But<br>for a couple that met performing<br>community service with young<br>professional association Legacy, the<br>two most enjoy working together to<br>better the region.</p>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>STUDENT IMPACT</p>\n<figure><img id='61' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(93,515); bottom-right:(296,758)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ZANE<br>WAGNER<br>2017-18<br>FOUNDATION<br>STUDENT<br>LEADERSHIP<br>AWARD<br>WINNER</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Zane Wagner has only been away<br>from Northern Kentucky University<br>for a few months, but he\u2019s already<br>waxing fondly on his memories of<br>the university.</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u201cI can\u2019t speak highly enough about<br>NKU,\u201d says the recently graduated<br>communications major. \u201cI was<br>blessed with so many wonderful<br>opportunities.\u201d During his time as<br>an NKU student, Zane served as<br>both a presidential ambassador and<br>an ambassador for the College of<br>Informatics. \u201cTours were probably<br>my favorite thing. I just loved<br>sharing my passion for NKU with<br>other students who are thinking<br>about going to the school.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In addition to his ambassadorships,<br>Wagner worked in the College of<br>Informatics\u2019 advising center as<br>a peer coach, helping incoming<br>students maneuver the complexities<br>of college life. \u201cIt\u2019s sometimes hard<br>to navigate,\u201d he says. \u201cIt was really<br>nice to be able to connect with<br>those students and share some<br>advice that I would have liked to<br>have coming into school.\u201d</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Wagner stayed focused on his<br>own academic goals, graduating<br>summa cum laude with a 4.0 in<br>coursework for his communications<br>major, and he credits his professors<br>with helping him succeed. \u201cNKU<br>is special in that the faculty really<br>care about their students,\u201d he says.<br>\u201cThey go to extreme lengths to<br>ensure their students\u2019 success.\u201d</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>It was, in fact, one of his<br>professors\u2014Monica Gallegos<br>of the Communication Studies<br>department\u2014who nominated<br>him for the Foundation Student<br>Leadership Award, which he won<br>the 2017-18 academic year. \u201cIt<br>was really sweet to join the elite<br>group of students who\u2019ve received<br>recognition from the Foundation,\u201d<br>he says. \u201cIt\u2019s really humbling.\u201d</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Then-Foundation President Barry<br>Kienzle presented the honor on May<br>2 at the senior awards luncheon.<br>\u201cIt really took my breath away and<br>helped me realize all that I was able<br>to accomplish,\u201d he says. \u201cIt also<br>reminded me of the people who<br>helped me accomplish that.\u201d</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The experience culminated with a<br>speech delivered by Wagner. \u201cThat<br>was something I was really looking<br>forward to, being able to speak</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>ABOUT THE NKU FOUNDATION</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and show my gratitude for the<br>wonderful opportunities that I was<br>given as a student at NKU.\u201d</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>While he\u2019s forever grateful for his<br>NKU experience, Wagner knows his<br>best days are ahead of him as he<br>takes his skills into the professional<br>world. He currently works at<br>human resources and payroll<br>company Paycom as a B2B Sales<br>Representative.</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>ENDOWMENT IMPACT</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>One of the primary goals of the<br>NKU Foundation is to exercise<br>effective and responsible<br>stewardship of the gifts to the<br>university. The NKUF investment<br>committee, in consultation with its<br>professional investment advisor,<br>Fund Evaluation Group, LLC (FEG),<br>proactively manages the<br>foundation\u2019s portfolio. Staff and<br>Investment Committee members<br>offer diverse areas of expertise<br>that bring a wealth of financial<br>experience to the management of<br>the foundation\u2019s investments.</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>With the input of FEG, the<br>Investment Committee hires<br>investment managers whose<br>portfolios fit within the foundation\u2019s<br>investment policy of long-term<br>growth and minimizing risk versus<br>reward.</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Target allocations and investment<br>managers are reviewed on a<br>quarterly basis to ensure objectives<br>are being met and assets are<br>rebalanced to keep them in line<br>with the target ranges for each<br>asset class.</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>$106.2<br>MILLION<br>ENDOWMENT POOL<br>MARKET VALUE<br>AS OF JUNE 30, 2018</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>$127,017,000<br>IN TOTAL ASSETS<br>AS OF JUNE 30, 2018</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our Mission</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our mission is to secure, invest, steward and distribute private resources<br>in support of Northern Kentucky University; to advocate for the<br>university\u2019s best interests; and to build lasting relationships with alumni<br>and friends.</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our 2020 Vision</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We will be recognized by the NKU community, donors and friends, peer<br>organizations and regional leaders for excellence in fundraising,<br>stewardship and advocacy that advances Northern Kentucky University.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2457138, "type": "text", "content": "# Join Dreams Foundation, Inc. as a Membership Donor\n\n\n# Giving & Support Membership Levels & Recognition\n\n\n \n\nDFI has for the past eight years focused on fulfilling the \u201cunmet \ndreams\u201d of Dreamers with a Vision - such that the DREAMS \nONCE MET, would benefit others in their families, faith-based \norganizations, populations unbound by age with special \nneeds, non profit organizations serving local communities, and \nindividuals to whom we might award what we call our one- \ntime Humanitarian Awards to acknowledge these persons\u2019 \nimmediate needs, while recognizing they\u2019ve stood-in-the-gap \nfor others when they\u2019re able!\n\n\n \n\nwww.dreamsfoundationinc.com reveals much more of our \nFoundation\u2019s story, and what we do and have done for our \ncommunity near and far. This is your opportunity to literally \n\u201cbuy-into\u201d our Motto, Intention & Mission!\n\n\n \n\nDreaming and being a Donor have far more than their D\u2019s&r;\u2019s \nin common, but to Dr. John Yacenda, DFl\u2019s President & CEO, \nthe Dr means only one thing: Don\u2019t Run away from the \nopportunity to join the Giving and Support Membership Team- \nthere\u2019s a fit for virtually ANY FUNDING LEVEL YOU WISH TO \nMAKE!\n\n\n \n\nALL DONOR CATEGORIES are noted in any Newsletters or \nCommunity Engagement publications DFI issues during the \nyear, and all Donors to DFI are recognized for any size donation.\n\n\n \n\n# CONTRIBUTOR \u2013 Under $100\n\n\n \n\nDONORS WHO INSPIRE OTHERS TO DREAM \u2013 $100-$350\n\n\n \n\nThese Donors receive individual thanks and APPEAR IN A \nPUBLISHED QUARTERLY LOCAL NO. NEVADA CIRCULAR\n\n\n \n\n\u201cTHANKING OUR DONORS WHO INSPIRE OTHERS TO \nDREAM!\u2019\n\n\n \n\n# DREAMMAKERS \u2013 $351-$600\n\n\n \n\nThese Donors receive decals suitable for autos or office \nwindows, and are listed in the President & CEO\u2019s Semi-Annual \n& Annual Reports to Community Partners, Appropriate \nGovernmental and Legislative Bodies, and Other National \nPartners.\n\n\n \n\n# DREAM BELIEVERS CIRCLE \u2013 $601-$850\n\n\n \n\nThese Donors are recognized in an exclusive President & \nCEO\u2019s Donor Report with distribution to the Leadership of the \nInstitutions noted in DREAMMAKERS, along with an invitation \nto a Presidential Reception at one of No. Nevada\u2019s Private \nCountry Clubs.\n\n\n \n\n\u201cNEVER AN UNMET DREAM\u201d TEAM MEMBER \u2013 $1,000 +\n\n\n \n\nThese Donors are recognized in an exclusive President & \nCEO\u2019s Donor Report with distribution to the Leadership of the \nInstitutions noted in DREAMMAKERS, along with an invitation \nto a Presidential Reception in July at one of Northern \nNevada\u2019s Private Country Clubs. These TEAM MEMBERS will \nalso be recognized for their generosity and support at privately \norganized receptions with Public and Industry Professionals \nappropriate to their professions.\n\n\n \n\n# AFFINITY DREAM CATCHER \u2013 $2,500 +\n\n\n \n\nThese Donors are recognized in an exclusive President & \nCEO\u2019s Donor Report with distribution to the Leadership of the \nInstitutions noted in DREAMMAKERS, along with an invitation \nto a Presidential Reception in July at one of Northern Nevada\u2019s \nPrivate Country Clubs, and recognition for their generosity \nand support at privately organized receptions with Public \nand Industry Professionals appropriate to their professions.\n\n\n \n\nAdditionally, these Donors will be given at least semi-annual \nsite visits to the DFl-funded programs or projects they have \nselected recipients for AFFINITY donations.\n\n\n \n\n# \u201cDREAM CRAFTER\u201d \u2013 $3,000 - 300,000+\n\n\n \n\nDo you have an idea, a vision, or memories of a loved one \nyou\u2019d like to become a reality in people\u2019s lives? Become a \nDreams Foundation, Inc. DREAM CRAFTER by making a \nsubstantial one time, financial and material donation to fund \nyour \u201cCrafter Project\u201d that you can expect Dr. John to help \ndesign and implement on your behalf (and if you choose, with \nyour participation). You can be assured that 100% of program \nfunding proceeds from your donation will go into the services \nor activities of YOUR PROJECT.\n\n\nReno Tahoe Realty Group | 775.473.8899 | renotahoerealtygroup.com\n\n\n \n19\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 714883, "type": "text", "content": "(the old one was supportive) and is obstructive: \n\u2018the mayor took my strength and drained my \nenergy just when I needed political support\u2019. \nIn most cases the relationship with state bodies \nis quite underdeveloped. The local or state insti- \ntutions still have the gut reaction that they are \nin charge and are doing the SCP projects a \nfavour, instead of seeing the initiatives as of \nmutual benefit that requires mutual respect. \nWaiting for the state or localities to change will \ntake a very long time without pressure. The \nfinancial independence within the three years of \nthe SCP project provides a window of opportu- \nnity to \u2018get on with it\u2019 and to push barriers and \nto actively be collaborative with state entities \nbut not to be dependent on them: To join in \nwith them, but to do it on their own terms. \nIdeally a relationship of respect is then built \nthat can be drawn upon once SCP funding stops. \nThe trick is now to develop mature relationships \nwith the public sector so as not to be dependent \non the whim of changing governments and to \nentice the public sector with initiatives that \nalso help them and where they can gain some \ncredit. Most cooperation projects do not think\n\n\n# 10 ways of making money \nwithout losing your integrity.\n\n\nalong these lines thinking through questions \nsuch as: What is more effective, becoming a \nmodel outside the system or being in part a part \nof it?\n\n\n \n\nThe dilemmas are endless \u2013 CACM in Odessa has \nthe opportunity to change public sector think- \ning; Open Highway needs the collaboration of \nthe local authorities, Creative Cities Albania \ncould do much more if the municipalities were\n\n\n \n\nmore actively engaged; the Contemporary Arts \nCentre in Plovdiv noted how important is was \nhaving a good politician there at the right time. \nThey now even have a saying \u2018to go to the \nBadev\u2019 if they have a problem.\n\n\nPlanning for Legacy\n\n\n \n\nThe timing issues on three-year projects have \nbeen elaborated, where in effect only 18 months \nis left for real project work. An additional factor \nthat cuts across the desire to produce content \nand to survive is financial sustainability and \nlegacy. This means embedding sustainability and \ncatalytic prospects into the conception of the \nproject as a whole and sub-projects within it. \nThis requires issues of long term financial viabi- \nlity to be thought through already at the begin- \nning of year two and this is not happening. \nThere is no training on leveraging resources or \nharnessing broader assets or at least challen- \nging projects like happened in this research: \u2018to \nthink of 10 ways of making money without \nlosing your integrity\u2019. What this will be in each \ninstance is different. For the Tetovo or Plovdiv \nmedia centres it may be web design for a set of \nclients whose principles they agree with. For \nCreative Cities Albania or Open Highway it may \nbe organizing and managing events and projects \non behalf of the municipality, for cARTier it may \ntaking on another area to renew in Iasi. The list \ncould be extensive once the question is on the \ntable. The SCP system needs to learn that they \nshould think of profit making activities in the \nfirst year.\n\n\n \n\nThe range of fundraising good practices have not \nyet been discussed and it may only happen when \nit is too late so obstructing the core goal of SCP \nprojects to create long term organizations. The \ndanger then is that the SCP initiatives were only \ntime limited projects. Issues to explore beyond \nraising money include creating supporters clubs \nor friends groups and ambassadors.\n\n\n50\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3002601, "type": "text", "content": "or life-income agreements. Because donations to the Permanent Fund can be \ncomplex, contact your district Rotary Foundation committee for additional \ninformation.\n\n\n# SHARE and the District Designated Fund\n\n\nThe SHARE system distributes Rotary Foundation funds worldwide and allows \nRotary districts to participate in the process of deciding how funds are\nspent. \nThrough the SHARE system, contributions to The Rotary Foundation are \ntransformed into Ambassadorial Scholarships, Matching Grants, Group Study \nExchanges, and other Foundation programs.\n\n\n \n\nAt the end of every Rotary year, the contributions to the Annual Programs \nFund from all of the Rotary clubs in a district are divided into two funds:\n\n\n \n\n(cid:129) 50 percent credited to the World Fund \n(cid:129) 50 percent credited to the District Designated Fund (DDF)\n\n\n \n\nThe World Fund portion is used by the Foundation to pay for the worldwide \nprograms available to all Rotary districts. The DDF portion is used by your \ndistrict to fund the Foundation programs of its choice.\n\n\n \n\nThe Rotary Foundation has a unique funding cycle that uses contributions \nfor programs three years after they are received. The three-year cycle gives \ndistricts time for program planning and participant selection and allows the \nFoundation to invest the contributions. The earnings from those investments \npay for general administration and fund development.\n\n\n \n\nYour district Rotary Foundation committee is responsible for deciding how to \nuse the available District Designated Fund, often in consultation with the\nclubs \nin your district.\n\n\n# Contribution Recognition\n\n\nThe Rotary Foundation presents recognition to donors in appreciation of \n\ufb01 nancial contributions or commitments for future contributions. Contribution \nrecognition is critical to the ongoing \ufb01 nancial support of The Rotary \nFoundation. The sincere acknowledgement of a donor\u2019s gift is the \ufb01 rst step \ntoward additional \ufb01 nancial support.\n\n\n \n\nThe Rotary Foundation provides the following types of contribution recogni- \ntion to individuals and clubs:\n\n\n \n\nIndividuals\n\n\n \n\n(cid:129) Rotary Foundation Sustaining Member \n(cid:129) Paul Harris Fellow Recognition \n(cid:129) Multiple Paul Harris Fellow \n(cid:129) Memorial Paul Harris Fellow \n(cid:129) Memorial Paul Harris Certi\ufb01 cate\n\n\nCLUB PRESIDENT\u2019S MANUAL \u2014 The Rotary Foundation \n92\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1486323, "type": "text", "content": "# \u2018IF YOU BUILD IT, THEY WILL COME\u2019 IS FANTASY\n\n\n \n\nImpetus-PEF\u2019s realization that its grantees were not making significant\nprogress on \nfinancial sustainability and scalability also gave the executives and board\nadditional \nincentive to invest in influencing the funding ecosystems in which its\ngrantees operate.\n\n\n \n\nAs Jenny North, Impetus-PEF\u2019s former \ndirector of policy and strategy, explained \nto the Leap Ambassadors Community, \n\u201cSharing is caring!... We\u2019re too small on our \nown to really deliver on our intentions for \nyoung people. We need partners who are \naiming for the same goals.\u2026 So now we\u2019re \nopening up a lot to find ways to work much \nmore closely with others, share what we\u2019re \nlearning, and learn from them.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nIn practice, that means Impetus-PEF is \nmaking a big investment in building and \nsharing evidence on what works in education \nand employment and how to develop and \nsustain performance\u2014and then using that \nresearch to advocate for approaches that \nwork with government and other funders.\n\n\n \n\nWe\u2019re obsessed with making \nsure we take the same \nmedicine we ask our charity \npartners to\u2014and that includes \nperformance managing \nourselves to know whether \nwhat we\u2019re doing is working, \nand how we can get better.\n\n\n\u2013Andy Ratcliffe\n\n\nFor example, Impetus-PEF helped create the Education Endowment Foundation\n(EEF) in \npartnership with The Sutton Trust and the UK Department for Education. EEF has\nused \nrigorous external evaluators to test different approaches to closing the\neducational- \nattainment gap in the UK. \u201cOne of the big things we\u2019ve seen from these trials\nis that even \nwith the best of intentions, a lot of things don\u2019t work,\u201d Ratcliffe said.\n\u201cIt\u2019s a stark message \nthat if you want to get the best out of your philanthropic dollars, you have\nto invest in \nlearning whether it works.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nImpetus-PEF is starting to see other funders pay attention, including some of\nthe \nlargest sources of government funding. One of the biggest kahunas in the UK is\nthe Big \nLottery Fund, which awards almost a billion dollars a year. The Big Lottery\nFund recently \ninvited Impetus-PEF to work with the organizations funded by Talent Match, its\nmassive \ninvestment in youth employment. Impetus-PEF\u2019s Sherine Mahmoud led Driving\nImpact \nworkshops for the Talent Match leaders. A team of Impetus-PEF investment\ndirectors then \ngave a subset of the Talent Match grantees customized support on impact\nmanagement. \n\u201cWorking with Big Lottery at this critical juncture is a huge opportunity for\nus to share \nthe amazing benefits of mainstreaming impact management,\u201d said Paulson.\n\n\n \n\nCONCLUSION\n\n\n \n\nYes, it took a brash outsider to shake things up for Impetus-PEF. But the\nfoundation was \nripe for and receptive to change. Not only does it have executives who care\nabout learning \nand improvement. It also has a business model that does not allow for\ncomplacency. \nBecause it must raise its operating budget every year from individuals and\ninstitutional \ndonors, it has a strong market incentive to invest in systems that can help it\nachieve and \ndemonstrate meaningful, measurable impact.\n\n\n \n\nImpetus-PEF\u2019s funders\u2014many of whom have grown frustrated writing checks\nwithout \nreally understanding what happens next\u2014are delighted by what they\u2019re learning\n\n\n6 THE CENTER FOR EFFECTIVE PHILANTHROPY\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212470, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='13' style='font-size:14px'>T able: What COME does for its members.</h1>\n<br><table id='14' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Benefits</td><td>Full membership (150\u20ac)</td><td>Students (50\u20ac)</td><td>COME supporter/advocate</td><td>COME ambassador</td><td>COME donor</td></tr><tr><td>Free-of-charge events*</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Project participation</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Humanitarian mission participation</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Enjoy benefits with our partners (e.g. Biotekna)</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>TechSoup**</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>COME voucher</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Counseling and professional support for the development of own ideas</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Newsletter</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Being part of a fervent professional interdisciplinary community</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr><tr><td>Recognition of membership on social media,</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td><td>X</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='15' style='font-size:14px'>3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212469, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>community bigger and stronger. Supporters can stimulate new initiatives to fulfil the Foundation\u2019s<br>call to interested stakeholders and appeal to new partners/sponsors.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>COME ambassador: a COME ambassador acts as a representative or promoter of a specific<br>activity/project of the Foundation. He/she supports a specific project, its objectives and results<br>by embracing the values of the Foundation. An ambassador does not pay an annual fee, but<br>dedicates his/her time, efforts, knowledge and experience to promote the Foundation\u2019s activities<br>and projects. His/her involvement is voluntary and comes with a number of benefits.<br>Ambassadors are committed to spreading the message and mission of the Foundation by<br>promoting the projects of the Foundation through their contacts and entourage s. Ambassadors<br>may promote new initiatives to carry out the Foundation\u2019s appeal to interested stakeholders and<br>call for new partners/sponsors.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C OME donor: a donor, is a private or public supporter of the Foundation. It may be a private<br>individual, an institution, a bank, a school, etc. Donors are considered part of the Foundation<br>through their financial support to the activities of the Foundation. Donors are informed about all<br>activities and results of the Foundation, so that they can control how their donations are invested.</p>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>2</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 653263, "type": "text", "content": "(1) Focus on a specific societal challenge that is shared across the EU, with\nclear, \nambitious and measurable goals which will bring important benefits for\ncitizens and \nthe society as a whole before 2020, and where there is a large new market\npotential for \nEU businesses. \n(2) Strong political and stakeholder commitment: partnerships will need to\nmobilise all \nkey stakeholders behind a well-defined goal to be achieved by 2020,\nunderpinned by a \nstrong and sustained commitment over a longer period of time. They will also\nprovide \nplatforms for open innovation and citizen engagement, including through the\nawarding \nof prizes for research. The Commission itself intends to play a driving role\nfor \ndevelopment of the partnership. \n(3) Clear EU-added value: Action at EU level should result in efficiency gains\nand large \nscale impact through critical mass (e.g. simplification and streamlining,\npooling and \nmore efficient use of scarce public resources, i.e. by aligning research or\nprocurement \nprogrammes across Member States; better quality solutions, interoperability\nand more \nrapid deployment). \n(4) Strong focus on results, outcomes and impacts: partnerships must be\nresult-oriented \nand should therefore not be all-encompassing in scope. Societal challenges\nshould be \nbroken down into smaller \u201cwork packages\u201d on which different groups of\nstakeholders \nwith converging interests should define their own implementation plans,\nsetting out \nwhat needs to be done, by whom and by when. Clear targets, milestones and \ndeliverables should be defined in advance. \n(5) Adequate financial support: whilst one of the key aims of innovation\npartnerships is to \nensure that scarce financial resources are used to the best effect, avoiding\ncostly \nduplication, there can be no doubt that additional financial support will be\nrequired to \nmatch the size of the challenge. All stakeholders will be expected to\ncontribute; the \nCommission will seek to leverage the EU budget to raise further the overall\nlevel of \nfunding. It will make available funding for the launch of the first\npartnerships under \nthe current financial perspectives and evaluate the financial needs of the\npartnerships \nwhen preparing its proposals for the next financial perspectives.\n\n\n \n\n# iii) Governance and working methods\n\n\n \n\nThe best ideas can fail because of poor execution or weak monitoring. Putting\nin place \neffective, simple and sufficiently flexible structures to steer and monitor\nprogress, arbitrate \nbetween diverging interests, and remedy any delays, will be critical to the\nsuccess of the \npartnerships.\n\n\n \n\nGovernance arrangements should balance the need for high level commitment and\nfunctional \ncoordination, with strong decentralised operational responsibilities to ensure\neffective \nownership by practitioners and other key stakeholders. Membership needs to\nreflect the \nintegrated approach so that stakeholders dealing with different elements of\nthe supply-demand \ncontinuum are adequately represented. To reflect the importance of these\ndifferent \nconstituencies, each partnership should be led by a representative Steering\nBoard, composed \nof a limited number of high level representatives of Member States\n(Ministers), members of \nParliament, industry leaders, researchers and other key stakeholders, who will\nneed to bring a \nmajor commitment to realise the aims of the partnership. The Board should be\nsupported by \noperational groups, composed of private and public sector experts,\npractitioners and users,\n\n\n# EN\n\n\n \n24\n\n\n \nEN\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212468, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Non Profit Foundation COME Collaboration<br>Membership</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Version 1.2<br>02/02/2021</p>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:16px'>I ntroduction</h1>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he document describes the different types of membership of the Foundation COME<br>Collaboration and the benefits related to each one (see also table below). Becoming a member can<br>have different effects on the Foundation's activity.</p>\n<br><h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>D escription</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>F ull membership (annual fee: 150\u20ac): a full member is usually a professional osteopath (but can<br>also be another health care practitioner), who has at least 12 months of professional experience in<br>health care practice. Full membership has all the benefits of Foundation membership (see table<br>below). It is intended for professionals, who are interested in all aspects of the Foundation\u2019s<br>activities and initiatives (from newsletter update to research fellow, to paper publishing) and want<br>to develop additional skills and competences through the opportunities offered by COME.</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Students (annual fee 50\u20ac): students can become member of the Foundation. They have to prove<br>the attendance of their education institute by sending to the general secretary an ad-hoc certificate<br>signed by the referring university/school/institution. The student member receives a discount on<br>the annual fee for the entire academic period. This young profile can grow within the community<br>of the Foundation according to the time needed to complete the academic training and gain the<br>required experience.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C OME supporter/advocate: a COME supporter can be an osteopath or other health<br>professional as well as a non-health professional. He/she supports the initiatives and activities of<br>the Foundation and actively participates in the activities that interest him/her. Supporters can be<br>exempted from an annual fee, but they do have a number of advantages as an active supporter of<br>the Foundation. Through their involvement, COME supporters make the Foundation\u2019s</p>\n<footer id='8' style='font-size:14px'>1</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2667922, "type": "text", "content": "100\n\n\nA multi-stakeholder and cooperation approach is poised to be indispensable:\npartnerships across \nthe public sector, the private for profit and no profit sector. Collaborations\ninvolving CSOs, NGOs \nservice providers, businesses, foundations, universities cannot remain a\nwishful thinking or \nsymbolic philanthropic gestures in the best case. Rather, they appear to be\nthe condition for lasting \nand sustainable results: in our field experience in more than 30 countries in\nthe world, COVID-19 \nhas been a boost for SDG 17 implementation, especially for target 17.17.\n\n\n# T he future we are already in\n\n\nA head of us the social, economic and financial impact of the pandemic, the\nexpected difficulties \nto the free movement of goods and people, the interruption of the educational\npath for many \nstudents who during this time had also to resort to work, the need for more\nexternal financial \nresources are beginning to paint a cloudy and uncertain future.\n\n\nA balanced and equitable social and economic recovery so desperately needed\nnow requires strong \nmulti-level partnerships among countries and inside the country. The\nmultilateral political, \nfinancial and development institutions play a key role in forging a consensus\nand the needed trust \namong countries to foster collective efforts. These should comprise all\nstakeholders in an \narticulated framework. Along with the public and private sectors, we stress\nthe importance of \nparticipation by civil society institutions, particularly the ones which\nprovide basic services to the \nmost vulnerable part of the population. \nWe agree, giving the urgency that the COVID showed, on the proposal of the\nestablishment of a \n(new) social contract refining the rights and obligation of the citizenship.\n\n\nIncreasingly complex challenges can only be faced by forging new principles of\ncollaboration in \nareas such as trade, investment, new energy and green resources, equitable\nhealth care system and \nservices, as well as research, technology and development exchanges which\nleave no one behind. \nAt the same time these represent compelling opportunities to reshape\ninternational relations if we \nare to emerge from the current crisis and envision a future of common\nprogress. \nWill be it still possible to provide development cooperation with adequate\nfinancial, human and \ninstitutional resources and meet the ambitious goals of the Agenda 2030?\n\n\nT he pandemic calls attention to the challenges of the future which will be\nmore intertwined than \nthose in the past. They will require more, not less, multilateralism. And yet,\nas we struggle to \ngrapple with an ever-growing array of threats to our society\u2019s core stability,\nthe pandemic has both \nexposed the fragility and failures of the current international system and\nhighlighted the merits of \ngreater synergies. \nWith political and economic systems facing deep uncertainties and global\nsupply chains \nincreasingly fragmented, we are presented with a unique opportunity to\nreimagine development \ncooperation and regional and global partnership models.\n\n\nW e think that the very concept of development cooperation needs to be\nfundamentally reimagined. \nThe donor/recipient paradigm should turn into a much more dynamic relationship\nand on equal \nbasis. If wisely managed, development cooperation resources could become a\nformidable vehicle \nto harness this redefined relationship, breathing new vitality even into\ndomestic economies and \ntheir productivity.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Imagine a scenario where a COME ambassador successfully recruits two new partners for a project by leveraging their network, while a donor provides financial support equivalent to two full memberships each year. After five years, assess the impact of both roles in terms of qualitative contributions to the Foundation’s objectives and quantitative membership equivalence. Consider the continuity and reach of partnerships versus financial stability brought by donors in your evaluation.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 713, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "others"]}
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[{"docid": 757073, "type": "text", "content": "tions by two parameters. Simple analytical expressions are developed for\nequilibrium points and conditions for oscilla- \ntory and nonoscillatory stability. Vector fields akin to phase portraits are\nplotted, and issues of resonance and time-to- \npeak are addressed. This step is significant because, with the addition of\ndrag to the model, stable points now exist.\n\n\n \n\nStep 3: Debris Mitigation Implications. The final step in the analysis\nexamines the implications of this model\u2019s re- \nsults on orbital debris mitigation strategy. Common proposals for mitigation\nstrategies involve (1) launching \u201cspace \ntugs\u201d to deorbit intact but inoperative spacecraft or (2) launching giant\n\u201cnets\u201d of aerogel or similar material to catch or \nslow debris fragments. The first strategy indirectly slows the formation of\nfragments by removing one of their sources, \nwhile the second strategy has a direct effect on removing fragments from\norbit. These methods, as well as others sug- \ngested by the data, are examined with an emphasis on estimating effects of\npractical mitigation measures.\n\n\n# MODEL MODIFICATION\n\n\n \n\nEqs. (3)-(4) present the proposed modification to the original model of\nReference 5. Time is measured in years. \nThis modification, which forms the basis for the rest of this paper, is\nmotivated by the desire to incorporate and observe \nthe importance of effects not originally accounted for in Reference 5. Note\nseveral similarities with the original model:\n\n\n \n\n(cid:1) In Eq. (3), note the existence of a positive term a + b sin (ct + d),\nwhich is the sinusoidally-varying equivalent \nto the A term in Eq. (1). This term represents the global satellite launch\nrate to low Earth orbit. \n(cid:1) In Eq. (3), note the preservation of the xnN term from Eq. (1),\nrepresenting the reduction in the number of in- \ntact satellites due to collisions between intact satellites and debris\nfragments. \n(cid:1) In Eq. (4), the use of the coefficient \u03b2 multiplied by the satellite\nlaunch rate is retained, representing the in- \ncrease in debris due to upper stage separation processes or explosions. \n(cid:1) In Eq. (4), the use of the coefficient \u03b1 multiplied by xnN is\npreserved, representing the increase in debris due \nto the destruction and fragmentation of intact satellites.\n\n\n \n\nHowever, inspection of Eqs. (3)-(4) also reveals a number of new terms:\n\n\n \n\n(cid:1) In both Eqs. (3)-(4), note negative terms proportional to N and n,\nrespectively. These account for annual re- \nentry of objects from orbit. The periodic variation in the characteristic\ndecay time in these terms is due to the \n11-year solar cycle, which produces large density variations in Earth\u2019s\nthermosphere and exosphere. \n(cid:1) Eq. (3) contains an additional term, 2yN\u00b2, representing the number of\nintact satellites lost per unit time due to \nthe collision of two intact satellites (as in the February 2009 Cosmos-Iridium\ncollision). Eq. (4) contains the \ncorresponding term \u03b3yN\u00b2, representing the fact that such collisions produce\ndebris fragments. \n(cid:1) Eq. (4) contains an additional term, 2zn\u00b2, for the rate of destruction\nof debris fragments due to the collision of \ntwo fragments. Here it is assumed such a collision produces debris smaller\nthan the 1 cm threshold.\n\n\n$${\\frac{d N}{d t}}=\\left(a+b\\sin\\left(c\nt+d\\right)\\right)-{\\frac{N}{f+g\\sin\\left(h t+k\\right)}}-x n N-2y N^{2}$$\n\n\n$$\\frac{d n}{d t}=\\beta\\bigl(a+b\\sin\\bigl(c\nt+d\\bigr)\\bigr)-\\frac{n}{p+q\\sin\\bigl(h t+k\\bigr)}+\\alpha x n N+\\gamma\nN^{2}-2z n^{2}$$\n\n\n \n(3)\n\n\n(4)\n\n\nIt is worth noting here that, unlike the original model of Reference 5, Eqs.\n(3)-(4) are not autonomous. There exist \nexplicit time dependencies in the launch and re-entry terms. However, it might\nbe hypothesized that, if the sinusoids do \nnot produce resonance, dealing only with average values for these terms may be\nnearly as accurate and more insightful \nanalytically.* This will be tested in Step 2. The remainder of the present\nsection focuses on the estimation of the coeffi- \ncients in Eqs. (3)-(4) as well as empirical observations and comparisons\ninvolving results of the new model.\n\n\n \n\n# Model Coefficient Estimation\n\n\n \n\nGlobal Launch Rate. One update incorporated into this new model is a revised\nglobal launch rate for LEO satel- \nlites. Using data from Hiriart and Saleh12, this launch rate is illustrated in\nFigure 2. Notice the large increase in launch \nrate in the early 1960s and a high launch rate through the 1980s. At the end\nof the Cold War, launch rate decreased \nsubstantially, with the main exception in the late 1990s with the fielding of\nthe Iridium constellation.\n\n\n* This will amount to a rudimentary homogenization; future work may consider further development of this aspect.\n\n\n3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2363260, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>di(cid:11)erent SM D trajectories result in w hat appears to be a single fam ily ofclosely related nonlinear<br>di(cid:11)usion processes. In system s w here the reaction coordinate has m ore com plicated interactions<br>w ith \\the surroundings\" (e.g. environm entalasym m etries [16,17,18,19]or jum p-like transitions<br>[ 20]) there is no guarantee that the di(cid:11)usion approxim ations w illbelong to a single fam ily. H ow -<br>ever,the (cid:12)ndings reported here indicate that it m ay be possible to appealto em piricalB ayes [21]<br>and grow th curve analysis [22]techniques in order to approxim ate the SM D process. T his would<br>be com putationally tractable ifthe SM D process under study can be adequately characterized by<br>a relatively sm allnum ber of\\di(cid:11)usion fam ilies\". T his point is dem onstrated using a toy m odelin<br>Section V II. T he (cid:12)ndingsofthispaperhave potentialrelevance to com putationally expensive com -<br>puter sim ulations and experim entalworks w here it di(cid:14)cult to collect a large num ber ofsam ples,<br>but possible to sam ple accurately and frequently in tim e [4,6,20].</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he rem ainder of the paper is organized as follow s: Section II review s the local m odeling<br>approach used. Section III review s som e basic facts about the statistical tools that we use for<br>estim ation and inference. Section IV gives the equations that we use to estim ate a PM F using our<br>\\synthetically\" created data. In Section V we brie(cid:13)y report som e of the com putational details.<br>Section V I gives our results;Section V II contains a discussion and presents a toy exam ple w hich<br>aim s at dem onstrating how the (cid:12)ndings in this paper m ay be exploited;we then conclude.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>II. LO C A L PA R A M E T R IC M O D E LIN G A P P R O A C H</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W e attem pt to (cid:12)t a globalSD E ofthe generic form :</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>dX t = b(X t;t;(cid:2))dt+ (cid:27)(X t;(cid:2))dW t:</p>\n<br><caption id='26' style='font-size:16px'>(1)</caption>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>to the output ofa single SM D sim ulation (other independent SM D runs result in new SD Es) by<br>i kelihood (M L).In the above equation,<br>appealing to estim ation techniques related to m axim um l<br>X t corresponds to the reaction coordinate w hose dynam ics are being approxim ated, W t is the<br>standard B row nian m otion, b((cid:1) ;(cid:1) ;(cid:2)) and (cid:27)((cid:1) ;(cid:2)) are the assum ed drift and di(cid:11)usion coe(cid:14)cient<br>functions (param eterized by (cid:2)),and allSD Es correspond to It^o integrals. T he process above is<br>referred to as the \\di(cid:11)usion process\" in the sequel.</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>O ne typically does not know a priori a param etric fam ily offunctions that the drift and dif-<br>fusion coe(cid:14)cients belong to that can adequately describe the globaldynam ics (it should be noted<br>that the (cid:2) \\param eterization\" is not a traditionalEuclidean param eter in our globalm odels). A</p>\n<footer id='29' style='font-size:20px'>5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 665035, "type": "text", "content": "# References\n\n\n \n\n# References\n\n\n[1] M. R. D\u2019Orsogna, Y.-L. Chuang, A. L. Bertozzi, L. S. Chayes, Self-\npropelled particles with soft-core \ninteractions: patterns, stability, and collapse., Physical Review Letter 96\n(2006) 104 \u2013 302. \n[2] A. J. Berno\ufb00, C. M. Topaz, Nonlocal aggregation models: A primer of swarm\nequilibria, Siam Review \n55 (4) (2013) 709\u2013747. \n[3] S. Motsch, E. Tadmor, Heterophilious dynamics enhances consensus, SIAM\nreview 56 (4) (2014) 577\u2013 \n621. \n[4] C. Brugna, G. Toscani, Kinetic models of opinion formation in the presence\nof personal conviction, \nPhysical Review E 92 (5) (2015) 052818. \n[5] T. Vicsek, A. Zafeiris, Collective motion, Physics Reports 517 (3-4)\n(2012) 71\u2013140. \n[6] J. A. Carrillo, Y.-P. Choi, S. P. Perez, A review on attractive\u2013repulsive\nhydrodynamics for consensus \nin collective behavior, in: N. Bellomo, P. Degond, T. E. (Eds.), Active\nParticles, Vol. 1, Birkh\u00a8auser, \nCham, 2017, pp. 259\u2013298. \n[7] J. E. Herbert-Read, A. Perna, R. P. Mann, T. M. Schaerf, D. J. Sumpter, A.\nJ. Ward, Inferring the rules \nof interaction of shoaling \ufb01sh, Proceedings of the National Academy of\nSciences of the United States of \nAmerica 108 (46) (2011) 18726\u201318731. \n[8] J. Casadiego, M. Nitzan, S. Hallerberg, M. Timme, Model-free inference of\ndirect network interactions \nfrom nonlinear collective dynamics, Nature communications 8 (1) (2017) 2192. \n[9] H. Huang, J.-G. Liu, J. Lu, Learning interacting particle systems:\nDi\ufb00usion parameter estimation for \naggregation equations, Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 29\n(01) (2019) 1\u201329. \n[10] M. Bongini, M. Fornasier, M. Hansen, M. Maggioni, Inferring interaction\nrules from observations of \nevolutive systems I: The variational approach, Mathematical Models and Methods\nin Applied Sciences \n27 (05) (2017) 909\u2013951. \n[11] F. Lu, M. Zhong, S. Tang, M. Maggioni, Nonparametric inference of\ninteraction laws in systems of \nagents from trajectory data, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\nof the United States of \nAmerica 116 (29) (2019) 14424\u201314433. \n[12] F. Lu, M. Maggioni, S. Tang, Learning interaction kernels in\nheterogeneous systems of agents from \nmultiple trajectories, arXiv:1910.04832. \n[13] F. Lu, M. Maggioni, S. Tang, Learning interaction kernels in stochastic\nsystems of interacting particles \nfrom multiple trajectories, arXiv:2007.15174. \n[14] J.-G. Liu, R. Yang, Propagation of chaos for large brownian particle\nsystem with coulomb interaction, \nResearch in the Mathematical Sciences 3 (1) (2016) 40. \n[15] L. Li, J.-G. Liu, P. Yu, On the mean \ufb01eld limit for brownian particles\nwith coulomb interaction in 3d, \nJournal of Mathematical Physics 60 (11) (2019) 111501. \n[16] S. M\u00b4el\u00b4eard, Asymptotic behaviour of some interacting particle systems;\nmckean-vlasov and boltzmann \nmodels, in: Probabilistic models for nonlinear partial di\ufb00erential equations,\nSpringer, 1996, pp. 42\u201395. \n[17] P. Cattiaux, A. Guillin, F. Malrieu, Probabilistic approach for granular\nmedia equations in the non- \nuniformly convex case, Probability Theory and Related Fields 140 (1-2) (2008)\n19\u201340. \n[18] P.-E. Jabin, Z. Wang, Mean \ufb01eld limit for stochastic particle systems,\nin: Active Particles, Volume 1, \nSpringer, 2017, pp. 379\u2013402.\n\n\n24\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 757095, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>exists. This characterizes efforts undertaken, for example, by the SOCRATES system6, which produce short-term pro-<br>jections of collisions between individual objects (e.g., to allow satellite operators to perform debris avoidance maneu-<br>vers). However, this computationally-intensive approach is difficult to extend for long-term prediction and is difficult to<br>execute without access to databases of currently tracked Earth-orbiting objects and their orbital elements.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In contrast, some analysts have approached the problem from a more simplistic standpoint. A seminal paper on the<br>topic, written in 1978 by Kessler and Cour-Palais, leveraged modeling techniques used to describe formation of the<br>asteroid belt,* developed a single integro-differential equation describing global collision rate as a function of average<br>relative velocity, cross-sectional area, and spatial density of objects.7 Fourteen years later, Talent modeled the popula-<br>tion of orbiting objects with a single differential equation.8 A 1991 paper by Farinella and Cordelli introduced a system<br>of two coupled differential equations to describe the scenario; one equation described<br>dN (1)<br>the rate of change of the population of intact satellites (N), and the other described the = A \u2212 xnN<br>rate of change of the population of debris fragments (n).5 This model is given in Eqs. dt<br>(1)-(2), where A, x, \u03b1, and \u03b2 are constants.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='equation'>$${\\frac{d n}{d t}}=\\beta A+\\alpha x n N\\qquad(2)$$</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Reference 5 numerically integrated these equations using several assumptions for<br>the coefficients. Results indicated that within 200 years, the number of intact satellites<br>in LEO would decrease dramatically due to colli-<br>sions with debris (see Figure 1), resulting in an<br>eventual condition in which any satellites<br>launched are quickly destroyed by collisions.</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The work of Reference 5 was later extended<br>into various forms (one of which used 150 differ-<br>ential equations, distinguishing satellites by mass<br>and altitude).9,10 However, the general results of<br>the original model are accepted as showing good<br>agreement with later studies,9,11 and the simpler<br>model remains useful for identifying trends, de-<br>veloping approximations, and establishing instruc-<br>tive models11. The original model is also useful in<br>distinguishing between intact satellites and debris<br>fragments (rather than aggregating both into one<br>variable). This current work seeks to improve<br>upon the original model through changes to its<br>two differential equations, by considering issues<br>of stability, and by considering effects of debris<br>mitigation techniques not originally analyzed.</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='17' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(595,509); bottom-right:(1085,875)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='18' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 1. Predicted numbers of intact satellites (solid line) and<br>debris fragments (dashed line) over time, from Reference 5. Note<br>differing y-axis scales for solid and dashed lines.</caption>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:18px'>Analysis Outline</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This analysis is divided into three steps. The first modifies the model of Reference 5 to include additional effects.<br>The second analyzes the equilibrium and stability of the modified model, and the third step uses this model to examine<br>effects debris mitigation strategies may have on improving the stability and equilibrium capacity of LEO.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Step 1: Model Modification. To improve upon the original model of Eqs. (1)-(2), two main modifications are pro-<br>posed: (1) Separate the A coefficient, which represents the net satellites added to orbit each year, into launch and re-<br>entry terms, each which has a cyclic variation with time (e.g., with the 11-year solar cycle for re-entry and space indus-<br>try cycles for launch12) and (2) add N\u00b2 and n\u00b2 terms representing collisions between intact satellites (as in the Irid-<br>ium/Cosmos collision) and between fragments, respectively. Coefficients are estimated for these new terms and up-<br>dated and updating the values of coefficients for the model\u2019s original terms. The resulting plot of N and n versus time<br>are compared to the original model\u2019s results.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:18px'>Step 2: Stability Assessment. Using the updated model, equilibrium points are identified and stability is assessed<br>through linearization. A simplified model is developed using nondimensionalization to completely characterize solu-</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>* The theorized exponential growth of orbital debris and consequent destruction of operational satellites has been<br>termed Kessler Syndrome, after the first author of this original work.7</p>\n<footer id='24' style='font-size:18px'>2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217602, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='91' style='font-size:16px'>Noncolliding Brownian motions</h1>\n<br><header id='92' style='font-size:16px'>117</header>\n<p id='93' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l l}{{\\mathrm{For~the~proces}\\leq^{601E}(t),\\,d\\Xi_{i j}^{6\\mathrm{cuE}}(t)=\\delta_{i t}\\delta_{j k}d t~\\mathrm{and~}\\Gamma_{i j}(t)=1.\\ 7h e~e q u a t i o n~(2.9)~i s}}\\\\ {{\\mathrm{given~as}}}&{{\\mathrm{fif~}}t=d B_{i}(t)+\\sum_{i:i\\neq i}{\\frac{1}{\\lambda_{i}(t)-\\lambda_{j}(t)}}d t,\\quad1\\leq i\\leq N.}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Hence, the process \u201a(t) is the homogeneous di\ufb01usion that coincides with the system of non-<br>colliding Brownian motions Y(t) with Y(0) = 0.<br>For the process \u00a5GOE(t), d\u00a5GOE (t)d\u00a5GOE (t) = 1 \u2013i\u2018\u2013jk + \u2013ik\u2013j\u2018 dt and \u00a1ij(t) = 1 (1 + \u2013ij).<br>ij<br>k\u2018<br>2<br>2<br>The equation (2.9) is given as \u2021 \u00b7</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='equation'>$$d\\lambda_{i}(t)=d B_{i}(t)+\\frac{1}{2}\\sum_{j:j\\neq i}\\frac{1}{\\lambda_{i}(t)-\\lambda_{j}(t)}d t,\\quad1\\leq i\\leq N.$$</p>\n<h1 id='96' style='font-size:20px'>2.3 Results</h1>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Let \ufb02ij(t), 1 i < j N be independent one dimensional Brownian bridges of duration T ,<br>\u2022 \u2022<br>which are the solutions of the following equation:</p>\n<p id='98' data-category='equation'>$$\\langle j_{i j}(t)=B_{i j}^{1}(t)-\\int_{0}^{t}\\frac{\\partial_{i j}(s)}{T-s}d s,\\quad0\\le t\\le T.$$</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For t [0; T ], we put<br>2</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='equation'>$$\\xi_{i j}(t)=\\left\\{\\begin{array}{l l}{{\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2}}\\beta_{i j}(t),}}&{{\\mathrm{i}\\mathrm{f}\\ i<j,}}\\\\ {{0,}}&{{\\mathrm{i}\\mathrm{f}\\ i=j,}}\\end{array}\\right.$$</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>>: the (N )-valued process \u00a5T (t) = (xR ij(t) +<br>with \u00bbij(t) = \u00bbji(t) for i > j. We introduce<br>\u00a1 H<br>p 1\u00bbij(t))1\u2022i;j\u2022N . Then, the main result of this paper is the following theorem.</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u00a1</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Theorem 2.2 Let \u201ai(t), i = 1; 2; : : : ; N be the eigenvalues of \u00a5T (t) with \u201a1(t) \u201a2(t)<br>\u2022 \u2022 \u00a2 \u00a2 \u00a2 \u2022<br>\u201aN (t). The process \u201a(t) = (\u201a1(t); \u201a2(t); : : : ; \u201aN (t)) is the temporally inhomogeneous di\ufb01usion<br>that coincides with the noncolliding Brownian motions X(t) with X(0) = 0.</p>\n<p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>As a corollary of the above result, we have the following formula, which is called the Harish-<br>Chandra integral formula [8] (see also [10, 19]). Let dU be the Haar measure of the space<br>U(N ) normalized as dU = 1.<br>U(N )</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>R</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Corollary 2.3 Let x = (x1; x2; : : : ; xN ); y = (y1; y2; : : : ; yN ) RN . Then<br><<br>2</p>\n<p id='107' data-category='equation'>$$\\int_{\\mathrm{U(N)}}d U\\,\\exp\\left\\{-\\frac{1}{2\\sigma^{2}}\\mathrm{Tr}(\\Lambda_{\\bf x}-U^{\\dagger}\\Lambda_{\\bf y}U)^{2}\\right\\}=\\frac{C_{1}(N)\\sigma^{N^{2}}}{h_{N}({\\bf x})h_{N}({\\bf y})\\;1\\Xi i,j\\Xi N}\\left[G_{\\sigma^{2}}(x_{i},y_{j})\\right],$$</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>h i</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>where \u2044x = diag x1; : : : ; xN and \u2044y = diag y1; : : : ; yN .<br>f g f g</p>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Remark Applying Proposition 2.1 we derive the following equation:</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='equation'>$$d\\lambda_{i}(t)=d B_{i}(t)+\\sum_{j:j\\neq i}{\\frac{1}{\\lambda_{i}(t)-\\lambda_{j}(t)}}d t-{\\frac{\\lambda_{i}(t)-\\int_{S(N)}\\mu^{\\mathrm{GoE}}(d A)(U(t)^{\\dagger}A U(t))_{i i}}{T-t}}d t,\\quad(2.11)$$</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217605, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='146' style='font-size:14px'>120</header>\n<br><header id='147' style='font-size:14px'>Electronic Communications in Probability</header>\n<p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Setting (t=T )zi = ai, i = 1; 2; : : : ; N , t(T t)=T = (cid:190)2 and T =t2 = \ufb01, we have<br>\u00a1</p>\n<p id='149' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c}{{g_{N}^{T}(0,{\\bf0},t,{\\bf y})=\\displaystyle\\frac{(2\\pi)^{-N/2}}{C_{2}(N)}\\sigma^{-N}\\alpha^{N(N+1)/4}h_{N}({\\bf y})}}\\\\ {{\\times\\displaystyle\\int_{{\\bf R}_{c}^{N}}d{\\bf a}\\exp\\left\\{-\\displaystyle\\frac{\\alpha}{2}|{\\bf a}|^{2}\\right\\}_{1\\le i,j\\le N}\\left[\\exp\\left\\{-\\displaystyle\\frac{1}{2\\sigma^{2}}\\left(y_{j}-a_{i}\\right)^{2}\\right\\}\\right]}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='150' style='font-size:14px'>(3.5)</caption>\n<br><p id='151' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>:</p>\n<br><p id='152' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>n o</p>\n<br><p id='153' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We write the transition probability density of the process \u00a5T (t) by qT (s; H1; t; H2), 0 s < t<br>N<br>\u2022 \u2022<br>T , for H1; H2 (N ). Then by Theorem 2.2 and the fact that (dH) = CU (N )hN (y)2dU dy,<br>2 H U<br>with CU (N ) = C3(N )=C1(N ), we have</p>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='equation'>$$g_{N}^{T}(0,0,t,{\\bf y})=C_{U}(N)h_{N}({\\bf y})^{2}\\int_{\\mathrm{U}(N)}d U\\ q_{N}^{T}(0,O,t,U^{\\dag}\\Lambda_{{\\bf y}}U),$$</p>\n<br><caption id='155' style='font-size:14px'>(3.6)</caption>\n<p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>where O is the zero matrix. We introduce the (N )-valued process \u00a3(1)(t) = ((cid:181)(1) (t))1\u2022i;j\u2022N<br>H ij<br>and the (N )-valued process \u00a3(2)(t) = ((cid:181)(2) (t))1\u2022i;j\u2022N which are de\ufb02ned by<br>S ij</p>\n<br><p id='157' data-category='equation'>$$\\theta_{i j}^{(1)}(t)=\\left\\{\\begin{array}{l}{{\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2}}\\left\\{B_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}(t)-\\frac{t}{T}B_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}(T)\\right\\}+\\frac{\\sqrt{-1}}{\\sqrt{2}}\\beta_{i j}(t),\\quad\\mathrm{if}\\ i<j,}}\\\\ {{B_{i i}^{\\mathrm{R}}(t)-\\frac{t}{T}B_{i i}^{\\mathrm{R}}(T),}}\\end{array}\\right.$$</p>\n<br><p id='158' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>and</p>\n<br><p id='159' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>>>>:</p>\n<br><p id='160' data-category='equation'>$$\\theta_{i j}^{(2)}(t)=\\left\\{\\begin{array}{l l}{{\\frac{t}{\\sqrt{2}T}B_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}(T),}}&{{\\mathrm{if}\\;i<j,}}\\\\ {{\\frac{t}{T}B_{i i}^{\\mathrm{R}}(T),}}&{{\\;\\;\\;\\;{\\mathrm{if}}\\;i=j,}}\\end{array}\\right.$$</p>\n<br><p id='161' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>>>>: Note that BR ij(t) (t=T )BR ij(T ) are Brownian<br>respectively. Then \u00a5T (t) = \u00a3(1)(t) + \u00a3(2)(t).<br>\u00a1<br>R ). Hence \u00a3(1)(t) is in the GUE and<br>bridges of duration T which are independent of (t=T )B ij(T<br>\u00a3(2)(t) is in the GOE independent of \u00a3(1)(t). Since E[(cid:181)(1) (t)2] = (cid:190)2 and E[(cid:181)(2) (t)2] = 1=\ufb01,<br>ii<br>ii<br>the transition probability density qT (0; O; t; H) can be written by<br>N</p>\n<p id='162' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c}{{q_{N}^{T}(0,{\\cal O},t,H)=\\int_{S(N)}\\mathcal{V}(d A)\\ \\mu^{\\mathrm{GOE}}\\left(A,\\frac{1}{\\alpha}\\right)\\mu^{\\mathrm{GUE}}\\left(A,\\frac{1}{\\alpha}\\right)\\mu^{\\mathrm{GUE}}(H-A,\\sigma^{2})}}\\\\ {{=\\frac{C_{O}(N)\\sigma^{-N^{2}\\alpha^{N(N+1)/4}}}{C_{3}(N)C_{4}(N)}\\int_{\\mathbf{R^{N}}}d\\mathbf{a}\\ h_{N}(\\mathbf{a})\\exp\\left\\{-\\frac{\\alpha}{2}\\vert\\mathbf{a}\\vert^{2}-\\frac{1}{2\\sigma^{2}}\\Pi\\tau(H-\\Lambda_{\\mathrm{a}})^{2}\\right\\},(3.7)\\left(1-\\frac{1}{\\alpha}\\right)-\\frac{1}{2}\\frac{1}{\\Lambda}\\right\\}\\frac{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}\\left(M_{5}-\\frac{2}{\\Lambda_{2}{\\Lambda}}\\frac{1}{\\Lambda_{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\right\\}]}{\\frac{\\frac{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\frac{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\cal{\\Lambda}{3}{\\cal{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\frac{\\Lambda}{\\rightarrow1}{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\frac{\\frac{\\Lambda}{\\frac{\\rightarrow}}{\\Lambda}{\\Lambda}{\\frac{\\rightarrow1}{\\rightarrow1}{$$</p>\n<br><p id='163' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>where we used the fact (dA) = CO(N )hN (a)dV da with the Haar measure dV of the space<br>V<br>O(N ) normalized as dV = 1, and CO(N ) = C4(N )=C2(N ). Combining (3.5), (3.6) and<br>O(N )<br>(3.7) we have<br>R</p>\n<p id='164' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l}{{C_{1}(N)\\sigma^{N^{2}-N}}}\\\\ {{\\qquad\\left.(2\\pi)^{N/2}h_{N}({\\bf y})}}\\end{array}\\int_{{\\bf R}_{\\mathrm{c}}^{N}}d{\\bf a}\\exp\\left\\{-\\frac{\\alpha}{2}|{\\bf a}|^{2}\\right\\}_{1\\frac{\\mathrm{det}}{2}}}\\\\ {{\\qquad\\left.=\\int_{{\\bf R}^{2}}d{\\bf a}\\,h_{N}({\\bf a})\\exp\\left\\{-\\frac{1}{2}|{\\bf a}|^{2}}\\right\\}\\int_{{\\bf t i,N}}d U\\exp\\left\\{-\\frac{1}{2\\sigma^{2}}\\,\\Pi e U^{\\dagger}{\\bf A}_{y}U-{\\bf A}_{\\bf a})^{2}\\right\\}.\\ \\ (3\\pi_{\\bf a})^{2}\\right\\}.$$</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217603, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='112' style='font-size:16px'>118</header>\n<br><header id='113' style='font-size:16px'>Electronic Communications in Probability</header>\n<p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>i = 1; 2; : : : ; N , where U (t) is one of the families of unitary matrices which diagonalize \u00a5T (t).<br>From the equations (2.7) and (2.11) we have</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c}{{\\displaystyle\\int_{S(N)}\\mu^{\\mathrm{GoE}}(d A)(U(t)^{\\dagger}A U(t))_{i i}}}\\\\ {{\\displaystyle\\phantom{\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial\\lambda}}\\Lambda_{N}(T-t,\\lambda(t))}}\\\\ {{\\displaystyle\\left.=\\lambda_{i}(t)+(T-t)\\right\\ \\{{\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial\\lambda}}\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial{t}}(T-t,\\lambda(t))\\right\\}}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='116' style='font-size:16px'>(2.12)</caption>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The function (t; x) is expressed by a Pfa\u2013an of the matrix whose ij-entry is \u201c((xj<br>:<br>;<br>NN u e\u00a1v2 dv. (See Lemma 2.1 in [15].) Then the right hand side of (2.12)<br>\u00a1<br>xi)=2pt) with \u201c(u) =<br>0<br>can be written explicitly.</p>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>R</p>\n<br><h1 id='119' style='font-size:22px'>3 Proofs</h1>\n<br><h1 id='120' style='font-size:20px'>3.1 Proof of Theorem 2.2</h1>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For y R and 1 i; j N , let \ufb02] ij(t) = \ufb02] ij(t : y), t [0; T ], ] = R; I, be di\ufb01usion processes<br>2 \u2022 \u2022 2<br>which satisfy the following stochastic di\ufb01erential equations:</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='equation'>$$\\beta_{i j}^{\\sharp}(t:y)=B_{i j}^{\\sharp}(t)-\\int_{0}^{t}\\frac{\\beta_{i j}^{\\sharp}(s:y)-y}{T-s}d s,\\quad t\\in[0,T].$$</p>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Z \u00a1</p>\n<br><caption id='124' style='font-size:16px'>(3.1)</caption>\n<p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>These processes are Brownian bridges of duration T starting form 0 and ending at y. For<br>H = (yR + p 1yI ij)1\u2022i;j\u2022N (N ) we put<br>ij<br>\u00a1 2 H</p>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='equation'>$$\\xi_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}(t:y_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}})=\\left\\{\\begin{array}{l l}{{\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2}}\\beta_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}(t:\\sqrt{2}y_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}),}}&{{\\mathrm{if~}i<j,}}\\\\ {{\\beta_{i i}^{\\mathrm{R}}(t:y_{i j}^{\\mathrm{R}}),}}&{{\\mathrm{if~}i<j,}}\\\\ {{0,}}&{{\\mathrm{ff~}i=j,}}\\\\ {{0,}}&{{\\mathrm{fif~}i=j,}}\\end{array}\\right.$$</p>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>>: : yI ij) = \u00bbI ji(t : yI ji) for i > j. We introduce the<br>with \u00bbR ij(t : yR ij) = \u00bbR ji(t : yR ji) and \u00bbI ij(t<br>\u00a1<br>(N )-valued process \u00a5T (t : H) = (\u00bbR ij(t : yR ij) + p 1\u00bbI ij(t : yI ij))1\u2022i;j\u2022N , t [0; T ]. From the<br>H \u00a1 2<br>equation (3.1) we have the equality</p>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='equation'>$$\\Xi^{T}(t:H)=\\Xi^{\\mathrm{GUE}}(t)-\\int_{0}^{t}\\frac{\\Xi^{T}(s:H)-H}{T-s}d s,\\ t\\in[0,T].$$</p>\n<br><p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Let HU be a random matrix with distribution \u201eGUE( ; T ), and AO be a random matrix with<br>\u00a2<br>distribution \u201eGOE( ; T ). Note that \ufb02] ij(t : Y ), t [0; T ] is a Brownian motion when Y is a<br>\u00a2 2<br>]<br>Gaussian random variable with variance T , which is independent of B ij(t); t [0; T ]. Then<br>2<br>when HU and AO are independent of \u00a5GUE(t); t [0; T ],<br>2</p>\n<br><caption id='130' style='font-size:16px'>(3.2)</caption>\n<p id='131' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l l}{{\\Xi^{T}(t:H_{U})=\\Xi^{\\mathrm{GUE}}(t),}}&{{t\\in[0,T],}}\\\\ {{\\Xi^{T}(t:A_{O})=\\Xi^{T}(t),}}&{{t\\in[0,T],}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='132' style='font-size:16px'>(3.3)<br>(3.4)</caption>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3212449, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='124' style='font-size:14px'>154101-7 Avoiding unphysical kinetic traps</header>\n<br><header id='125' style='font-size:14px'>J. Chem. Phys. 127, 154101 (cid:2)2007(cid:1)</header>\n<p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>translational diffusion constant Dt (cid:1)R(cid:2) = (cid:16) / (cid:1)3R(cid:2), and a rota-<br>tional diffusion constant Dr (cid:1)R(cid:2) = (cid:16) / (cid:1)8R3(cid:2), where (cid:16)<br>(cid:7) kBT(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:18) (cid:2)\u22121; (cid:18) (cid:15) 10\u22123 Pa s is the viscosity of water. We<br>w<br>w<br>can respect this damping within the virtual-move algorithm<br>by calculating for the chosen pseudocluster its effective hy-<br>drodynamic radius R, where</p>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='equation'>$$(R-R_{0})^{2}=\\langle\\left|(\\mathbf{r}_{i}-\\mathbf{r}_{c})\\times\\mathbf{\\hat{n}}\\right|^{2}\\rangle.$$</p>\n<br><caption id='128' style='font-size:22px'>(cid:1)12(cid:2)</caption>\n<p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>R0 is the monomer radius. The average (cid:12)\u00b7(cid:13) (cid:7) nC \u22121(cid:6) nC runs<br>i=1<br>over all of the nC particles i (cid:1)having coordinates ri (cid:2) compris-<br>ing the pseudocluster (cid:1)in a particular con\ufb01guration(cid:2). The vec-<br>tor n\u02c6 is either the direction of translation or the axis of rota-<br>tion, as appropriate; the vector rc is for rotations of the<br>position of the center of rotation, and for translations the<br>center of mass (cid:12)ri (cid:13) of the diffusing pseudocluster. This size-<br>and shape-dependent drag becomes increasingly important<br>when the system in question is composed of very polydis-<br>perse or anisotropic aggregates.</p>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We enforce this damping by suppressing cluster dis-<br>placements by a factor D(cid:19)(cid:1)R(cid:2), where (cid:19)(cid:1) (cid:8)t , r(cid:9) for a transla-<br>tion or rotation as required. We set D (cid:1)R(cid:2) = R0 / R and D (cid:1)R(cid:2)<br>t<br>r<br>= (cid:1)R0 / R(cid:2)3.</p>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We consider in Sec. IV a system of particles with purely<br>attractive interactions and hard-core repulsions, in which<br>case the second class of particle pairs in the set (cid:12)ij(cid:13) n\u2194o does<br>not exist: particles may not start in an overlapping position.<br>In this case Eq. (cid:1)11(cid:2) reduces to</p>\n<p id='132' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l}{{\\tilde{W}_{\\mathrm{acc}}(\\mu\\longrightarrow\\nu|\\mathcal{R})=\\Theta(n_{c}-n_{c})D_{\\gamma}(R)}}\\\\ {{\\mathrm{}}}\\\\ {{\\mathrm{}\\times\\operatorname*{min}\\left\\{\\sum_{\\langle i j\\rangle_{n\\to o}}e^{-\\beta\\epsilon_{i j}^{(\\mu)}}\\prod_{\\langle i j\\rangle_{\\ell}}^{R}\\frac{\\hat{p}_{i j}(\\nu\\to\\mu)}{p_{i j}(\\mu\\to\\nu)}\\right\\}.}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Here the product (cid:4)(cid:12)ij(cid:13) runs over pairs that do not interact<br>n\u2194o<br>= 0(cid:2) but possess positive energy (cid:1)over-<br>in state (cid:2)(cid:1)so that (cid:1) (cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:2)<br>ij<br>lap(cid:2) in state (cid:3). Barring such overlaps this factor is unity; if<br>such overlaps occur then this factor is zero and we reject the<br>move. For potentials permitting \u201csoft\u201d overlaps, Eq. (cid:1)11(cid:2)<br>does not reduce to Eq. (cid:1)13(cid:2), and overlaps are rejected proba-<br>bilistically.</p>\n<br><p id='134' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The function (cid:9) is used in conjunction with the early<br>rejection scheme (cid:3)see Eq. (cid:1)6(cid:2)(cid:4). This scheme effects a sup-<br>pression of the generation rate of moves of clusters of size nc<br>by a factor of 1 / nC, ensuring that all particles move with<br>approximately equal frequency.</p>\n<br><p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In Sec. III we shall evolve a system of Lennard-Jones<br>disks using both VMMC and a simple Brownian dynamics<br>protocol that neglects collective hydrodynamic effects. The<br>latter enforces a translational diffusion constant for a cluster<br>of size nC that scales as nC \u22121 and a rotational diffusion con-<br>stant that scales as the reciprocal of the cluster\u2019s moment of<br>intertia. Because disk-disk interactions are isotropic, simply<br>rotating a seed particle about an axis through its center can-<br>not induce a collective rotation. We therefore use as our basic<br>move a combination of a translation and a rotation. To ensure<br>that the resulting collective translational and rotational diffu-<br>sion behaves as it would under Brownian dynamics, we gen-<br>eralize the procedure of this section to one that permits the<br>use of distinct real and virtual moves.</p>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This completes our discussion of the key result of this<br>paper, the virtual-move Monte Carlo scheme. By forming<br>links according to individual bond energies before and after a<br>proposed move, we displace particles collectively according<br>to individual bond energy gradients without calculating<br>forces explicitly. We ensure that particle positions are up-<br>dated with approximately equal frequency, and we damp the<br>movement of multiparticle clusters in order to respect<br>Stokes\u2019 law. By doing so, we can restore to the Monte Carlo<br>procedure the collective diffusive motion suppressed by<br>making sequential moves of particles in the face of strong,<br>short-ranged interactions. In the following section we test<br>this algorithm against Brownian dynamics simulations. In<br>Sec. IV we apply VMMC to a model of biological self-<br>assembly.</p>\n<p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>III. AVOIDING UNPHYSICAL KINETIC TRAPS<br>IN THE FACE OF STRONG INTERACTIONS</p>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Application to a schematic model of aggregation. Before<br>applying the virtual-move scheme to an example of self-<br>assembly, we \ufb01rst verify that it evolves a system of particles<br>according to an approximation of natural dynamics. We con-<br>sider a two-dimensional system of 324 disks of radius (cid:20).<br>Pairs of disks whose centers are separated by a distance r<br>interact via a Lennard-Jones potential modi\ufb01ed to effect a<br>range of attraction that is short compared to a particle\u2019s size,</p>\n<br><p id='139' data-category='equation'>$$u(r)=\\epsilon_{b}\\Theta(r_{c}-r)[\\mathcal{L}(\\hat{r}/\\sigma)-\\mathcal{L}(\\hat{r}_{c}/\\sigma)].$$</p>\n<br><caption id='140' style='font-size:22px'>(cid:1)14(cid:2)</caption>\n<p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Here rc (cid:7) 2.5(cid:20)and (cid:1) = 50kBT are, respectively, the range and<br>b<br>strength of the interaction, and r\u02c6 (cid:7) r \u2212 (cid:20) denotes a shifted<br>distance. We have introduced a \u201cLennard-Jones\u201d function<br>L(cid:1)x(cid:2) (cid:7) 4(cid:1)x\u221212\u2212 x\u22126(cid:2). The second term in Eq. (cid:1)14(cid:2) \u201cshifts\u201d the<br>potential to zero at a cutoff distance of rc; as a consequence,<br>the potential minimum is approximately \u221235kBT (cid:1)instead of<br>\u221250kBT(cid:2). Particles occupy about 10% of the box area.</p>\n<br><p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We shall evolve this system according to a simple<br>Brownian dynamics protocol in which individual particles<br>experience a random force but not a random torque. Collec-<br>tive hydrodynamic effects are ignored. We update particle<br>positions according to the set of equations</p>\n<br><p id='143' data-category='equation'>$$\\gamma{\\frac{d\\mathbf{r}_{i}}{d t}}=\\eta_{i}+\\mathbf{F}_{i},$$</p>\n<br><p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>where i labels particles, the forces Fi are derived from the<br>potential (cid:1)14(cid:2), and (cid:19)is a friction coef\ufb01cient. The term (cid:18) is a<br>i<br>Gaussian random force with correlations</p>\n<br><caption id='145' style='font-size:22px'>(cid:1)15(cid:2)</caption>\n<p id='146' data-category='equation'>$$\\langle\\,\\eta_{i}(t)\\,\\eta_{j}(t^{\\prime})\\rangle=2k_{B}T\\gamma\\partial(t-t^{\\prime})\\,\\delta_{i j}{\\bf1}\\,.$$</p>\n<br><p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Such a dynamics effects local motion according to potential<br>energy gradients. It also promotes a buffeting-driven rigid-<br>body translational diffusion of clusters of size nC scaling as<br>nC \u22121, together with a rigid-body cluster rotation scaling as IC \u22121,<br>the reciprocal of the cluster\u2019s moment of inertia about the<br>rotation axis (cid:1)relative to that of a monomer(cid:2). Note that these<br>results differ from those implied by Stokes\u2019 law.</p>\n<br><caption id='148' style='font-size:22px'>(cid:1)16(cid:2)</caption>\n<p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our aim in this section is to use the virtual-move scheme<br>to mimic these dynamics. Because pair interactions are iso-<br>tropic, collective rotations may not be initiated by rotating a</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1068147, "type": "text", "content": "6\n\n\nIV. ACTIVE NON-BROWNIAN PARTICLE\n\n\nThe passive particle that is described by the Fokker \nPlank Equation Eq. (24) is a Brownian particle whose \nmotion can be described by a Langevin equation \nx = v(x) + NoiseTerm. Without the noise D(x) = 0. We \n\u02d9 \nrefer to it as the non-Brownian limit. References [19, 20] \nhave considered this limit for an active particle. The mo- \ntion is described by the Langevin \u02d9x = v(x) \u00b1 \u03bd where \u03bd \nis the propulsion velocity, and v(x) is the velocity \ufb01eld. \nThe \u00b1 sign switches randomly with rate \u03b1. Note that in \nRef[19] the switching rate is \u03b1/2, while a di\ufb00erent nota- \ntion \u03b3 is used in [20]. In the tight binding model we use \nthe notation w\u03b1 , and for uniform irradiation we assume \nn \nw\u03b1 = const = \u03b1. \nn\n\n\n \n\nFor \u03bd = 0 we have no di\ufb00usion: we just have a tran- \nsient drift due to the local v(x), which looks like having \nzero motion on a coarse grained scale. In other words, it \nis like having a zero temperature bath. Turning on the \npropulsion and setting v(x) = 0 the coarse grained dy- \nnamics of the probability density \u03c1(x) becomes di\ufb00usive \nwith\n\n\n \n\n$$D^{\\mathrm{eff}}~=~{\\frac{\\nu^{2}}{2\\alpha}}~$$\n\n\n \n(36)\n\n\nThis e\ufb00ective di\ufb00usion is due to the interplay between \nthe propulsion (motion with velocity \u00b1\u03bd) and the random \nchanges in the orientation of the particle (with rate \u03b1). In \nthe presence of v(x) one obtains a quasi-canonical NESS \n[19]:\n\n\n \n\n$$\\rho(x)~\\propto~{\\frac{\\nu}{\\nu^{2}-v(x)^{2}}}~\\exp\\left[-U(x)\\right]$$\n\n\n \n(37)\n\n\nHere U (x) is the e\ufb00ective stochastic potential that is as- \nsociated with with an e\ufb00ective stochastic \ufb01eld\n\n\n \n\n$${\\mathcal{E}}(x)^{\\mathrm{eff}}~=~{\\frac{2\\alpha v(x)}{\\nu^{2}-v(x)^{2}}}$$\n\n\nIn leading order with respect to v(x), the result is \nE(x) = v(x)/D0. We have v(x) \u221d \u2212V (cid:48)(x) and there- \nfore U (x) \u221d V (x) is bounded, which implies that Sinai \nphysics does not emerge. But if we go beyond leading or- \nder, and take the appearance of v(x) in the denominator \nof Eq.(38) into account, then the telescopic correlations \nare broken, U (x) becomes unbounded, and Sinai physics \nemerges. An optional way to break the telescopic corre- \nlations is to assume randomness in \u03b1 or in \u03bd.\n\n\n \n(38)\n\n\nV. ACTIVE BROWNIAN PARTICLE\n\n\nWe turn now to discuss the active particle system of \nFig.1b. Unlike the non-Brownian version, here we have \ndi\ufb00usion to begin with, and we ask what happens if we\n\n\n \n\nadd propulsion. The rates of transitions are:\n\n\n \n\n$$\\begin{array}{r c\nl}{{w_{(n+1)\\uparrow,n\\uparrow}\\;=\\;w_{n}^{\\beta}e^{+\\Delta_{n}/2T_{n}}\\,+\\,w_{n}^{\\nu}}}\\\\\\\n{{w_{n\\uparrow,(n+1)\\uparrow}\\;=\\;w_{n}^{\\beta}e^{-\\Delta_{n}/2T_{n}}}}&{{=\\;w_{n}^{\\beta}e^{-\\Delta_{n}/2T_{n}}\\,+\\,w_{n}^{\\nu}}}\\\\\\\n{{w_{n\\downarrow,n\\uparrow}}}&{{=\\;w_{n}^{\\alpha}e^{-\\Delta_{n}/2T_{n}}\\,+\\,w_{n}^{\\nu}}}\\\\\\\n{{w_{n\\downarrow,n\\downarrow}}}&{{=\\;w_{n}^{\\alpha}}}&{{=\\;w_{n}^{\\alpha}}}\\end{array}$$\n\n\n \n\nThe di\ufb00usion coe\ufb03cient in the absence of disorder is cal- \nculated in Appendix (B). The \ufb01nal result is\n\n\n \n\n$$D^{\\mathrm{eff}}\\;\\;=\\;\\;w^{\\beta}a^{2}+\\frac{1}{2}w^{\\nu}a^{2}+\\frac{[w^{\\nu}]^{2}}{2w^{\\alpha}}a^{2}$$\n\n\n \n\nAll 3 terms in De\ufb00 have a simple heuristic explana- \ntion. The last term is consistent with the continuum \nlimit Eq. (36). Note that the continuum limit (a \u2192 0) \nis taken such that w\u03b2a2 = D and w\u03bda = \u03bd are kept con- \nstant. Therefore the second term drops out. The \ufb01rst \nterm is excluded if one considers the non-Brownian ver- \nsion. Once we have disorder it is convenient to de\ufb01ne \nlocal drift velocity and local di\ufb00usion coe\ufb03cient as fol- \nlows:\n\n\n \n\n$$v_{n}\\ =\\\n\\left[2\\sinh\\left(\\frac{\\Delta_{n}}{2T_{n}}\\right)\\right]\\,w_{n}^{\\beta}a$$\n\n\n \n\n(39) \n(40) \n(41) \n(42) \n(43) \n(44)\n\n\n(45)\n\n\n$$D_{n}\\ =\\\n\\left[\\cosh\\left(\\frac{\\Delta_{n}}{2T_{n}}\\right)\\right]\\,w_{n}^{\\beta}a^{\\frac{n}{2}}$$\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217604, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='133' style='font-size:14px'>Noncolliding Brownian motions</h1>\n<br><header id='134' style='font-size:14px'>119</header>\n<p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>in the sense of distribution. Since the distribution of the process \u00a5GUE(t) is invariant under<br>any unitary transformation, we obtain the following lemma from (3.2).</p>\n<p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Lemma 3.1 For any U U(N ) we have</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2</p>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='equation'>$$U^{\\dagger}\\Xi^{T}(t:H)U=\\Xi^{T}(t:U^{\\dagger}H U),\\quad t\\in[0,T],$$</p>\n<p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>in distribution.</p>\n<p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>From the above lemma it is obvious that if H (1) and H (2) are N N Hermitian matri-<br>\u00a3<br>ces having the same eigenvalues, the processes of eigenvalues of \u00a5T (t : H (1)); t [0; T ] and<br>2<br>\u00a5(t : H (2)); t [0; T ] are identical in distribution. For an N N Hermitian matrix H with<br>2 \u00a3<br>eigenvalues aig1\u2022i\u2022N , we denote the probability distribution of the process of the eigenvalues<br>f<br>of \u00a5T (t : H) by QT 0;a( ); t [0; T ]. We also denote by QGUE( ) the distribution of the process<br>\u00a2 2 \u00a2<br>of eigenvalues of \u00a5GUE(t); t [0; T ], and by QT ( ) that of \u00a5T (t); t [0; T ]. From the equalities<br>2 \u00a2 2<br>(3.3) and (3.4) we have</p>\n<p id='141' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c}{{Q^{\\mathrm{GUE}}(\\cdot)=\\int_{\\bf R_{\\infty}^{\\mathrm{N}}}Q_{0,{\\bf a}}^{T}(\\cdot)g^{\\mathrm{GUE}}({\\bf a},T)d{\\bf a},}}\\\\ {{{}}}\\\\ {{Q^{T}(\\cdot)=\\int_{\\bf R_{\\sim}^{\\mathrm{N}}}Q_{0,{\\bf a}}^{T}(\\cdot)g^{\\mathrm{GOE}}({\\bf a},T)d{\\bf a}.}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Since QGUE( ) is the distribution of the temporally homogeneous di\ufb01usion process Y(t) which<br>\u00a2<br>describes noncolliding Brownian motions, by our generalized Imhof\u2019s relation (2.8) we can<br>conclude that QT ( ) is the distribution of the temporally inhomogeneous di\ufb01usion process<br>\u00a2<br>X(t) which describes our noncolliding Brownian motions.</p>\n<h1 id='143' style='font-size:20px'>3.2 Proof of Corollary 2.3</h1>\n<br><h1 id='144' style='font-size:14px'>By (2.6) we have</h1>\n<p id='145' data-category='equation'>$$\\scriptstyle\\sum_{i j k}^{k N}{\\binom{k}{k\\beta}}$$</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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If you wish to adjust the calculation in a model for noncolliding Brownian motions by incorporating both delayed effects and temporal changes, and then you need to express this in a new format with updated notational guidelines, what steps must you take to ensure accuracy and consistency?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 717, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3393371, "type": "text", "content": "of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). However, trade compliance (TC)\nas \nan additional corporate function also plays an important role to cope with\nsuch \nchallenges. Yet, this function has so far been widely overlooked by SSCM\nscholars. \nWhile both functions come from different functional and historical\nbackgrounds, they \nshare, on a meta level, conceptual ground to take responsibility along the\ncorporate \nsupply chain. As a key contribution, our study aims to add the function of TC\nto the \nwider discussion on SSCM and corporate value chain responsibility (VCR). In\norder \nto harvest synergies of a potential integration or alignment of both\nfunctions, we first \nintroduce the differences of SSCM and TC. Then, we identify drivers of\nconvergence \nof both functions. In more detail, we introduce particular drivers of\nconvergence \n(regulatory & stakeholder, sustainability dimensions and waning differences in \nmanagement practices) and general value chain developments (increasing depth, \nincreasing transparency & traceability requirements, and increasing dynaxity).\nIn a \nnext step, we focus on potential synergies of aligning SSCM and TC by\nhighlighting \nfour areas of cross-functional management. We close our study with some\nconcluding \nremarks and avenues for future research.\n\n\n \n\n1458 THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS MODEL SUSTAINABILITY ON FIRM \nPERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES \nAND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS \nMuhammad Imran EMLYON BUSINESS SCHOOL\n\n\nThe study analyzes the business model sustainability and its value creation\npotential. \nThe process of adopting sustainability in business model is theorized on\ndynamic \ncapabilities perspective. While analyzing longitudinal data, it is found that\nbusiness \nmodel sustainability creates value for the firm but the impact begin to\ndiminish after \ncertain level. Furthermore, the R&D; capabilities of the firm enhance the\nvalue \ncreation from the business model sustainability. While the sustainable\npractices \nregarding the employee relations reduces this effect mainly due to costs\nassociated \nwith loss in employee interests during the process of adopting sustainability\nin the \nbusiness model. The study contributes to the literature in sustainable\nbusiness models \nand corporate sustainability.\n\n\nCulture and Climate III (15:40 - 17:10) - ISCTE - Ala Autonoma/Room AA2.23\n(Top)\n\n\nTrack: GT09_00 - Organisational Behaviour General Track\n\n\n# Chair(s): Joana Story\n\n\n# Paper Presentations:\n\n\n754 PERFORMANCE IN SERVICE CONTEXTS: THE ROLE OF CLIMATE FOR \nSERVICE, ENGAGEMENT AND SUPERVISOR ORGANIZATIONAL \nEMBODIMENT \nLuis Paes NOVA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1175726, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>business model development), Entrepreneurship tools (Business model canvas, Business plan),<br>product/ service development (prototyping) as well as innovation management. Trainers were<br>trained in such concepts and tools so that they can transfer the knowledge/skills to their<br>students. The capacity building for staff in theories, skills and product/service development<br>meant to facilitate them to conduct trainings or workshops, mentorship, monitoring and<br>evaluation. It was also intended to provide the basics for the establishment of own<br>entrepreneurship or incubation centers. As individuals already in the field of entrepreneurship,<br>the ToTs were a means to supplement the skills and knowledge they already applied in teaching.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>For the benefit of students, the ToTs were done to leverage the ground so that those who come<br>from various partner institutions for competing at the national level have at least a common<br>understanding of the basic skills regarding entrepreneurship concepts and processes. Two main<br>concepts and tools that were largely used to develop and transfer entrepreneurship skills were<br>the \u201cBusiness model canvas\u201d and the \u201cBusiness Plan\u201d.</p>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>1.4.1.1.Business model canvas</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A business model describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers and captures<br>value. The business model canvas created by Osterwalder et al. (2010) is made of 9 pillars:<br>Customer segment, value proposition, channels, customer relationship, revenue streams, key<br>resources, key activities, key partners and cost structure.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The initial development of a business model starts with identifying and describing customers<br>plus value proposition. While Customer Segmentation deals with answering the questions of</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u201c For whom are we creating value?\u201d and \u201cWho are our most important customers?\u201d;<br>Value Proposition deals with \u201cWhat value do we deliver to the customer? Which one of our<br>customer\u2019s problems are we helping to solve? What bundles of products and services are we<br>offering to each Customer Segment? and Which customer needs are we satisfying?\u201d.</p>\n<footer id='13' style='font-size:14px'>4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2300481, "type": "text", "content": "Sustainability 2019, 11, 855\n\n\n \n3 of 18\n\n\nNevertheless, actual reductions in the overall amounts of resources and energy\nconsumed usually \nderive from services that actually shift product ownership or that do not\nrequire the customer to \nacquire the product in the \ufb01rst place, instead of buying the results or\nbene\ufb01ts it delivers (e.g. leasing, \nrenting, and pooling) [26,27]. In 2009, 84.8% of manufacturing companies\noffered services to support \ntheir products, being only 12.1% of those directly related to the changing\nproduct ownership or to a \nproduct being operated by the manufacturer as a service to the customer\n[28,29].\n\n\n \n\nAlthough well aligned with concomitantly developing concepts, such as circular\neconomy, \nthe servitization trend evolved in parallel and gained its largest share of\nattention after the photocopier \nindustry decided to lease or rent their multifunctional products to foster a\npay-per-printed-page \nsolution, instead of a one-photocopier-per-of\ufb01ce business model [20]. Once\ncustomers started \nperceiving direct or indirect \ufb01nancial bene\ufb01ts, this phenomenon opened the\ndoors for discussions \nin all related matters: From the potential innovations in business models to\nthe psychology of \nproduct ownership; from unique selling propositions (USPs) to sustainable\nresource management and \nproduct-service systems (PSS) [23,30,31].\n\n\n \n\nService-providing initiatives then became commonplace in marketing management,\nfocusing \nalmost exclusively on the costs being reduced in the search for pro\ufb01t, while\ngiving little to no attention \nto the resources being saved [9,32]. Although headed in the right direction\nfrom an environmental \nstandpoint, this counterintuitively went against some of the principles of\nsustainability: Selling \nservices without addressing their resource demands ended up, in some cases,\nincreasing material \nconsumption [6,8]. It was when academics, involved in what is called\nredistribution and sharing \nwithin the circular economy framework drove their attention to service-\nproviding practices already in \nplace that servitization found new grounds and began receiving more support as\na means to retain \nresources longer in the economy, creating value from service and circularity\ninstead of value from \nnatural resource extraction and transformation [9,33,34].\n\n\n \n\nAlthough the variety of resources that circulate within a given society can be\ntheoretically in\ufb01nite, \nthis article focuses on steel, a commodity with signi\ufb01cantly different\ndynamics from those of the service \nsector, but that nonetheless counts on plenty of intersections with\nservitization applications.\n\n\n \n\n1.3. The Role of a Commodity in a Service Economy\n\n\n \n\nSteel is a key commodity in global economies, continuously increasing in use\nper capita\u2014steadily \nfrom 204.6 kg in 2011 to 214.5 kg in 2018\u2014due to its wide range of\napplications: From home appliances \nto cargo hauling, from construction to telecommunications [35\u201337]. Steel\u2019s\nlife cycle starts when iron \nore is mined and it ends either within built structures with long lifespans or\nby being recycled as scrap, \nmost of its environmental impacts being related to the use of non-renewable\nenergy sources and the \nconsequent effects on the climate [38\u201340].\n\n\n \n\nThe steel industry alone is responsible for approximately 6.5% of worldwide\nCO2 emissions [41] \nand it consumes substantial amounts of coal, as seen in Figure 1. In order to\nachieve the Sustainable \nDevelopment Goals (SDGs), it is estimated that the steel industry worldwide\nwould need to increase \nthe use of electricity from the current 26% to 40% by 2030 [42].\n\n\n \n\nNotably in the last decade; however, the steel industry has been facing\ndif\ufb01culties regarding \nprices, energy, trading, and competitiveness \u2013 all understood to be hindering\nenvironmental progress \nregarding emissions and resource ef\ufb01ciency [43]. Consequently, multiple\nacademic, institutional, \ngovernmental, and industrial experts have highlighted the need for this\nindustry to have an active role \nin expanding and improving end-of-life markets, mostly to increase production\nbased on steel scrap to \nsupport a transition towards the use of electricity instead of coal [43].\n\n\n \n\nDue to the its products\u2019 and its raw materials\u2019 physical and chemical\ncharacteristics and \nrequirements, the steel industry has traditionally given substantial attention\nto variables that boost \nor hinder the quality, quantity, and pro\ufb01tability of its outputs, being one\nthe pioneering industries to \napply some of the environmental principles of circular economy and sustainable\ndevelopment\u2014mainly \nrecycling and by-product reuse [43,44].\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136946, "type": "text", "content": "# 4 The industrial case study in household appliances\n\n\n# 4.1 The company ecosystem\n\n\n \n\nThe case study has been realized in collaboration with an Italian company\nproduc- \ning household appliances and home care devices. The company ecosystem is\nguided \nby the manufacturer and is actually organized in a vertical supply-chain\nadopting a \nproduct-oriented development process. Collaboration between the manufacturer\nand \nits partners and suppliers is limited to design stages and components\u2019 supply.\nThe \nleader company recently designs and produces \u201csmart appliances\u201d, defined as a\nmanu- \nfactured product embedded with a hardware (e.g. sensors, Zigbee module, router\nWi- \nFi) and software (e.g. web service, data repository, web/mobile application)\ninfra- \nstructure to connect the product to an external network.\n\n\n \n\nThe case study focuses on services for smart appliances; in particular, it\naims at re- \nalizing a new maintenance service, called \u201cSmart Maintenance Service\u201d: it\nconsists of \nproviding ad-hoc maintenance services to the consumers for a set of smart\nappliances \nconnected at home. The PSS involved in the case study consists of the\nappliances, a \nweb/mobile application able to provide personalized messages for coaching\npurposes \nand helping the final users in case of appliances\u2019 faults. Figure 1 expresses\nthe under- \npinning idea of the Smart Maintenance Service and shows the main workflow.\nData \nrelated to the appliances functioning are monitored by specific sensors and\nare col- \nlected in a database for data storage; here, e set of elaboration algorithms\nanalyse \nthese data according to two policies (i.e. coaching and fault management) in\norder to \nrecognize the specific use scenario and support the user with personalized and\ntailored \nsuggestions and advices. For the coaching function, the application gives best\npractic- \nes according to the product usage; for the fault management function, the\nsystem con- \ntrols the appliances\u2019 parameters, detects dangerous situations and supports\nthe user \nwhen some critical values occur in order to carry out the recommended actions\nor \nsome specific checking actions.\n\n\n \nFig. 1. The Smart Maintenance Service workflow\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1242025, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='8' style='font-size:14px'>eco-innovation<br>observatory</h1>\n<br><header id='9' style='font-size:14px'>Revisit your business model</header>\n<h1 id='10' style='font-size:22px'>Revisit your business model</h1>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Companies most often decide to rethink and redesign their business model to reduce costs and improve customer experience.<br>Many companies are also driven by environmental and social concerns.</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:20px'>Key challenges<br>for your business model</h1>\n<p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Rethink your value proposition and your offer: customers<br>do not necessarily need to own products; services can<br>meet their needs, perhaps even better. Consider concepts<br>like leasing or sharing for your business.<br>\u2022 Scan the horizon: what are emerging trends that may influ-<br>ence your value proposition and business model in the<br>short- and long-term?<br>\u2022 Prepare to take risks: changing a business model is a con-<br>tinuous process. Integrate an ongoing strategic reflection<br>of your business model. This will make your business more<br>resilient.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A fundamental question for any eco-innovative company is<br>how to deliver value to a customer in a way that is both profit-<br>able and less resource intensive. Reflecting on how to satisfy<br>fundamental needs of a customer, be it a business or house-<br>hold, is the first step in tacking this challenge.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The need for mobility, for example, does not neces-<br>sarily equal the need to own a car; the \u201cfunction\u201d or \u201cperfor-<br>mance\u201d of a car can be delivered by many other means and<br>forms of transportation or the need can be addressed by lim-<br>iting the need for mobility altogether! Similarly, the most<br>effective waste management approach is to avoid generating<br>waste rather than developing even the most effective recy-<br>cling methods.</p>\n<h1 id='16' style='font-size:16px'>KEY QUESTIONS</h1>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 What value do we deliver to customers?<br>\u2022 Which customers\u2019 needs are we helping to satisfy?<br>\u2022 What are the key the activities and resources that help<br>us to develop and deliver value to customers (e.g. skills,<br>resources, strategic partnerships, Intellectual Property)?<br>\u2022 How much does our business model depend on our<br>companies\u2019 and our customers\u2019 access to and use of<br>material and energy?<br>\u2022 Could we consider an alternative way to satisfy the<br>needs of our customers (e.g. product-service systems)?</p>\n<br><footer id='18' style='font-size:18px'>12</footer>\n<br><footer id='19' style='font-size:14px'>Eco-innovate!<br>A guide to eco-innovation for SMEs and business coaches.</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136948, "type": "text", "content": "and knowledge, and their relationships are mapped in order to identify the\nbetter con- \nfiguration of virtual manufacturing enterprise. The result of this study has\ngiven the \nfollowing VME configuration: a research centre to support the PSS modelling, a\ntech- \nnological partners to develop the IT infrastructure, a smart home provider\nable to \nshare its competences about the household appliances connection into a\nnetwork, a \nconsortium for disposal, a consortium that studies innovative solutions, a\npartners to \nsupport the company during the delivery phase (e.g. during the best practices\npro- \nposal) of the PSS, and the customers themselves.\n\n\n \nFig. 3. Example of PSS assets mapping\n\n\n4.5 Business model definition\n\n\n \n\nA value proposition has been identified for the specific case study according\nto the \nBusiness Model Canvas. It consists of monitoring the household appliances and\nsup- \nports the maintenance process by web or mobile application and involving a\ngroup of \nselected partners (i.e. VME) performing the key activities to carry out\npreventive \nmaintenance and coaching actions, PSS delivery and management. Figure 4 shows\nthe \nidentified business model: it addresses people that love smartness and\nconvenience, \nand aims at creating making a long-term relationship between the customers and\nthe \ncompany through on-line feedback, dynamic proposition and loyalty programs.\nSuch \na model can be delivered by local retailers as well as on-line shops, and can\nbe im- \nplemented by different payment modes, from leasing contract to mobile payment.\n\n\n4.6 The integrated product-service lifecycle and TO-BE processes\n\n\n \n\nFinally, an integrated product-service lifecycle has been defined to organize\nand \nmanage all the information gathered in the previous steps. It starts from a\nrecent mod- \nel proposed in literature [22], that considers how the lifecycle phases are\naffected by \nchanges due to transition from product to service (e.g. ideation, design,\ndelivery). \nFigure 4 represents the global view of the TO-BE process by detailing the\nprocess \nactivities, data input (e.g. target customer, partners in the ecosystem,\ncompetitors\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136947, "type": "text", "content": "# 4.2 AS-IS process analysis and assets\n\n\n \n\nAccording to the methodology defined before, the company processes has been\nan- \nalysed. In particular, they refer to the following stages: \u201cProduct\nConception\u201d, \u201cProd- \nuct Design\u201d, \u201cProduct Manufacturing\u201d, \u201cProduct Delivery and\nCommercialization\u201d, \nand \u201cProduct Use\u201d. For each process stage, experts from both company and\nacademia \ndetailed the main activities and identified the departments involved, selected\nthe key \nresources and modelled the activity flows. Moreover, interviews and\nquestionnaires \nallows tracing the current assets and defining the product items in terms of\nfunctional- \nities, features, number of sensors, brand, production line, materials, any\nhardware \nsupports (tangible assets) and intangible assets like partners involved in the\necosys- \ntem, brand resources, and customer relationships after sales.\n\n\n \n\nFig. 2. The product maintenance process analysis (AS-IS scenario)\n\n\n4.3 Analysis of the servitization readiness\n\n\n \n\nThe analysis shows if the company is ready to implement the specific product- \nservice solution and highlights the strengths and the possible weaknesses of\nthe com- \npany in designing and managing the \u201cSmart Maintenance Service\u201d process. In the \ncase study the analysis revealed that the company already has an ecosystem\nmade up \nof different partners, suppliers, consortia and research centres and\ntheoretically able to \nsupport product-service lifecycles, but such ecosystem is still strongly\nproduct- \ncentred; services are perceived almost as tools to differentiate the product\nand do not \nrepresent the core business. The analysis also highlighted that the company is\ninter- \nested in understanding how to model and fully exploit PSS innovation projects.\nThe \ncase study defined also those areas (and related processes) to be improved to\nefficient- \nly move to product-service solutions; they are: \u201cService Ideation\u201d,\n\u201cRequirements \nanalysis\u201d, and \u201cEcosystem governance and decision making\u201d.\n\n\n4.4 Mapping of the PSS assets and creation of the VME\n\n\n \n\nAccording to the PSS idea to develop (i.e. Smart Maintenance Service), a set\nof \npartners in the ecosystem are selected for their competences, skills,\nsupplies, devices\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136945, "type": "text", "content": "lifecycle management capability, ecosystem creation capability, innovation\nlev- \nel, network management capability). Different questionnaires are defined to\nana- \nlyse the four areas. \n3\\. Mapping of tangible and intangible assets: it is based on the correlation\nbe- \ntween the new PSS items (i.e. product, services, ecosystem and infrastructure) \nand the related assets, mapping of the company ecosystem [21]. In fact, the\nPSS \nidea is defined by a set of tangible and intangible assets, coming from the\nspecif- \nic competences and skills of the ecosystem partners. The mapping consists in \ntracing the network relations within the ecosystem, in terms of who has a\ncertain \nknowledge, who provides a certain components, who realize a certain software \napplication, who produces a specific product, who implements a specific\nservice, \netc. \n4\\. Business model definition: it is based on the adoption of the Canvas model\nand \nallows clearly defining the company business model according to the previous \nresults. It involves several areas within the company that should be defined\nin \ndetail in order to identify which are the core areas where action is needed to\nim- \nplement the new business, such as key partners, key resources, key activities, \nvalue proposition, customer segments, channels, revenues streams, cost struc- \nture, and customer relationship. Business Model Canvas is used to analyse the \nbuilding blocks of the new business model (service-centred), while STEEP anal- \nysis considers both internal and external factors related to environmental,\npoliti- \ncal, economic, technological and social trends. \n5\\. Definition of the TO-BE integrated product-service lifecycle and VME: it \nfinally identifies the new lifecycle to properly manage both product-related\nand \nservice-related activities and the actors involved. Starting from the previous\nAS- \nIS processes modelling, it modifies the core factors individuated in points\nno. 2 \nand 3. Moreover, thanks to the definition of the new business model (point no. \n4), the company can identify the partners and their own specific knowledge and \nskills that are necessary to realize the VME and develop the PSS desired.\n\n\nAfter step no. 5, the company is ready to create, produce and manage the new\nprod- \nuct-service solution; in particular, it has defined a certain PSS and a\nprecise VME to \nsupport its creation, delivery and operation. At this stage, the quality of\nthe service \nimplemented can be verified in different ways. This research focused on\nanalysing the \ncustomer satisfaction and the sustainability index. Satisfaction can be\nanalysed by \nsatisfaction questionnaires and usability testing by directly involving final\nusers, \nwhile sustainability is calculated by specific methods (i.e. LCA and LCC\napplied to \nthe specific PSS solution) to compare the exist product with its related\nproduct- \nservice to be developed.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2033042, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='35' style='font-size:20px'>Annex II</h1>\n<br><h1 id='36' style='font-size:20px'>Case studies using Business Model Canvas</h1>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W e used The Business Model Canvas as a visual chart to document the key aspects of the 18 existing SFSC<br>businesses/case studies. We collected information under the nine areas critical to an organization or product\u2019s<br>success \u2013 addressing value proposition, customers, infrastructure, and finances *:</p>\n<p id='38' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Value proposition: Enables the description of products and services that add a certain value \u2013 what are<br>the competitive advantages and what are the differentiate value \u2013 Information displayed in red colour;<br>\u2022 Customers: Enables the description of who is your consumer(s) and the market that your consumer(s)<br>are \u2013 Information displayed in green colour;<br>\u2022 Infrastructure: Enables the description of the key connections of the business idea, 3 main<br>pillars, partners, activities and resources \u2013 displayed in light blue;<br>\u2022 Finances: Description of costs and revenues of the business \u2013 information displayed in blue.</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>* Because the 18 case studies contain business-sensitive information, the business models of the case studies are<br>anonymous and business-sensitive information is removed, in order to make the report publicly available.</p>\n<footer id='40' style='font-size:16px'>37</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3179253, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='56' style='font-size:14px'>Business Model Canvas</header>\n<br><header id='57' style='font-size:14px'>Techniques</header>\n<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>the performance and success of the solution after implementation and during<br>operation.</p>\n<h1 id='59' style='font-size:18px'>10.7.4</h1>\n<br><h1 id='60' style='font-size:18px'>Usage Considerations</h1>\n<h1 id='61' style='font-size:16px'>.1 Strengths</h1>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Provides an amalgamation of the complex facts, issues, and analysis required to<br>make decisions regarding change.<br>\u2022 Provides a detailed financial analysis of cost and benefits.<br>\u2022 Provides guidance for ongoing decision making throughout the initiative.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>.2 Limitations</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 May be subject to the biases of authors.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Frequently not updated once funding for the initiative is secured.</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Contains assumptions regarding costs and benefits that may prove invalid upon<br>further investigation.</p>\n<h1 id='67' style='font-size:20px'>10.8</h1>\n<br><h1 id='68' style='font-size:20px'>Business Model Canvas</h1>\n<h1 id='69' style='font-size:18px'>10.8.1 Purpose</h1>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A business model canvas describes how an enterprise creates, delivers, and<br>captures value for and from its customers.</p>\n<br><h1 id='71' style='font-size:18px'>10.8.2 Description</h1>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A business model canvas is comprised of nine building blocks that describe how<br>an organization intends to deliver value:</p>\n<br><header id='73' style='font-size:22px'>Resale.<br>or<br>Distribution<br>for<br>Not<br>Copy.<br>Member<br>IIBA\u00ae<br>Complimentary</header>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Channels,<br>\u2022 Customer Segments,<br>\u2022 Cost Structure, and<br>\u2022 Revenue Streams.</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Key Partnerships,<br>\u2022 Key Activities,<br>\u2022 Key Resources,<br>\u2022 Value Proposition,<br>\u2022 Customer Relationships,</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>These building blocks are arranged on a business canvas that shows the<br>relationship between the organization's operations, finance, customers, and<br>offerings. The business model canvas also serves as a blueprint for implementing<br>a strategy.</p>\n<footer id='77' style='font-size:14px'>236</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Imagine a company aiming to transition from a product-centric model to a service-centric model while increasing customer satisfaction by 15% from its initial baseline of 75%. If the company decides to incorporate the STEEP analysis into the Business Model Canvas over a year, how could this integration increase their satisfaction rate while simultaneously addressing external trends over the final three months of implementation?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 718, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 255439, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='23' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 880</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 881</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 882</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 883</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 884</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 886</td><td>Service Charge - 49</td></tr><tr><td>0982 887</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 888</td><td>Service Charge - 78</td></tr><tr><td>0982 889</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 891</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td></tr><tr><td>0982 892</td><td>Service Charge - 54</td></tr><tr><td>0982 893</td><td>Service Charge - 42</td></tr><tr><td>0982 894</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 895</td><td>Service Charge - 41</td></tr><tr><td>0982 896</td><td>Service Charge - 11</td></tr><tr><td>0982 897</td><td>Service Charge - 50</td></tr><tr><td>0982 898</td><td>Service Charge - 9</td></tr><tr><td>0982 899</td><td>Service Charge - 8</td></tr><tr><td>0982 900</td><td>Service Charge - 9</td></tr><tr><td>0982 901</td><td>Service Charge - 42</td></tr><tr><td>0982 902</td><td>Service Charge - 51</td></tr><tr><td>0982 903</td><td>Service Charge - 65</td></tr><tr><td>0982 904</td><td>Service Charge - 43</td></tr><tr><td>0982 905</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 906</td><td>Service Charge - 52</td></tr><tr><td>0982 907</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 908</td><td>Service Charge - 44</td></tr><tr><td>0982 909</td><td>Service Charge - 10</td></tr><tr><td>0982 910</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 911</td><td>Service Charge - 10</td></tr><tr><td>0982 913</td><td>Service Charge - 43</td></tr><tr><td>0982 915</td><td>Service Charge - 54</td></tr><tr><td>0982 916</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 917</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr><tr><td>0982 919</td><td>Service Charge - 11</td></tr><tr><td>0982 920</td><td>Service Charge - 40</td></tr><tr><td>0982 921</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 978826, "type": "text", "content": "between panes or scroll to view content. \nSelect and Place:\n\n\n \n\nonly \nunique values. Users frequently get lists of AccountNumber values by searching\non Last Name and then First Name (LastName, Firstname) INCLUDE \n(AccountNumber).\n\n\nQuestion 3 \nWhich five code segments should you use? \nYou create a disk-based table\n\n\nYou need to prevent duplicate values in the SKU field. \nWhich five code segments should you use? \nTo answer, move the appropriate code segments from the list of code segments\nto the answer area and arrange them in the correct order. \nSelect and Place:\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 255440, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='24' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 922</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 923</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 924</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 925</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 926</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 927</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 928</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 929</td><td>Service Charge - 16</td></tr><tr><td>0982 930</td><td>Service Charge - 45</td></tr><tr><td>0982 931</td><td>Service Charge - 45</td></tr><tr><td>0982 932</td><td>Service Charge - 45</td></tr><tr><td>0982 933</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 934</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 936</td><td>Service Charge - 39</td></tr><tr><td>0982 937</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 938</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 941</td><td>Service Charge - 16</td></tr><tr><td>0982 942</td><td>Service Charge - 33</td></tr><tr><td>0982 943</td><td>Service Charge - 41</td></tr><tr><td>0982 944</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 945</td><td>Service Charge - 40</td></tr><tr><td>0982 946</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 947</td><td>Service Charge - 16</td></tr><tr><td>0982 949</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 951</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 952</td><td>Service Charge - 17</td></tr><tr><td>0982 953</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 954</td><td>Service Charge - 18</td></tr><tr><td>0982 955</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 956</td><td>Service Charge - 19</td></tr><tr><td>0982 957</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 958</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 959</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 961</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 962</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 963</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td></tr><tr><td>0982 964</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr></table>\n<br><table id='25' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 965</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 966</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 967</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 968</td><td>Service Charge - 23</td></tr><tr><td>0982 969</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 970</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 971</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 972</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 973</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 974</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 975</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 976</td><td>Service Charge - 66</td></tr><tr><td>0982 977</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 978</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 979</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 980</td><td>Service Charge - 53</td></tr><tr><td>0982 981</td><td>Service Charge - 59</td></tr><tr><td>0982 982</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 984</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 985</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 986</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 987</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 988</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 989</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 990</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 991</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 992</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 993</td><td>Service Charge - 59</td></tr><tr><td>0982 994</td><td>Service Charge - 6</td></tr><tr><td>0982 995</td><td>Service Charge - 65</td></tr><tr><td>0982 996</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 997</td><td>Service Charge - 64</td></tr><tr><td>0982 998</td><td>Service Charge - 27</td></tr><tr><td>0983 000</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0983 002</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0983 003</td><td>Service Charge - 43</td></tr><tr><td>0983 004</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='26' style='font-size:18px'>NOW Calls - Specialised Numbers</footer>\n<br><footer id='27' style='font-size:18px'>UK</footer>\n<br><footer id='28' style='font-size:18px'>115</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 255436, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='12' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 600</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 653</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 601</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td><td>0982 654</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 602</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td><td>0982 655</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 603</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td><td>0982 657</td><td>Service Charge - 65</td></tr><tr><td>0982 605</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td><td>0982 658</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 606</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td><td>0982 659</td><td>Service Charge - 49</td></tr><tr><td>0982 607</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td><td>0982 661</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 608</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 662</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 610</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 664</td><td>Service Charge - 39</td></tr><tr><td>0982 611</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 665</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 612</td><td>Service Charge - 67</td><td>0982 666</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 613</td><td>Service Charge - 27</td><td>0982 667</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 614</td><td>Service Charge - 67</td><td>0982 668</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 617</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 669</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 618</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td><td>0982 671</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 619</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td><td>0982 672</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 620</td><td>Service Charge - 78</td><td>0982 676</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 622</td><td>Service Charge - 78</td><td>0982 677</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 624</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 679</td><td>Service Charge - 27</td></tr><tr><td>0982 625</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td><td>0982 680</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 627</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 681</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 628</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td><td>0982 683</td><td>Service Charge - 50</td></tr><tr><td>0982 629</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td><td>0982 685</td><td>Service Charge - 64</td></tr><tr><td>0982 630</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td><td>0982 686</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 632</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td><td>0982 688</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 633</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td><td>0982 689</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 635</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td><td>0982 690</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 636</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td><td>0982 691</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 637</td><td>Service Charge - 45</td><td>0982 692</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 640</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td><td>0982 693</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td></tr><tr><td>0982 641</td><td>Service Charge - 30</td><td>0982 696</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 643</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td><td>0982 697</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 644</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td><td>0982 698</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>0982 699</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 645 0982 649</td><td>Service Charge - 60 Service Charge - 58</td><td>0982 700</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 650</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td><td>0982 701</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 652</td><td>Service Charge - 65</td><td>0982 702</td><td>Service Charge - 23</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 255437, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='13' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 703</td><td>Service Charge - 23</td></tr><tr><td>0982 704</td><td>Service Charge - 19</td></tr><tr><td>0982 705</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 706</td><td>Service Charge - 23</td></tr><tr><td>0982 707</td><td>Service Charge - 22</td></tr><tr><td>0982 709</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 710</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 711</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 712</td><td>Service Charge - 44</td></tr><tr><td>0982 713</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 714</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 716</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 717</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 718</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 719</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 720</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 722</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 723</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 724</td><td>Service Charge - 21</td></tr><tr><td>0982 725</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 727</td><td>Service Charge - 67</td></tr><tr><td>0982 728</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 729</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 730</td><td>Service Charge - 63</td></tr><tr><td>0982 731</td><td>Service Charge - 27</td></tr><tr><td>0982 732</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 733</td><td>Service Charge - 42</td></tr><tr><td>0982 734</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 736</td><td>Service Charge - 52</td></tr><tr><td>0982 737</td><td>Service Charge - 61</td></tr><tr><td>0982 739</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 740</td><td>Service Charge - 65</td></tr><tr><td>0982 741</td><td>Service Charge - 30</td></tr><tr><td>0982 742</td><td>Service Charge - 30</td></tr><tr><td>0982 743</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr><tr><td>0982 746</td><td>Service Charge - 53</td></tr><tr><td>0982 747</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:18px'>NOW Calls - Specialised Numbers</footer>\n<br><footer id='15' style='font-size:18px'>UK</footer>\n<br><footer id='16' style='font-size:18px'>113</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 255438, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='17' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 748</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 749</td><td>Service Charge - 23</td></tr><tr><td>0982 750</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 752</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 753</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 754</td><td>Service Charge - 54</td></tr><tr><td>0982 755</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 756</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 758</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 759</td><td>Service Charge - 75</td></tr><tr><td>0982 760</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 762</td><td>Service Charge - 55</td></tr><tr><td>0982 764</td><td>Service Charge - 16</td></tr><tr><td>0982 765</td><td>Service Charge - 27</td></tr><tr><td>0982 766</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 767</td><td>Service Charge - 41</td></tr><tr><td>0982 768</td><td>Service Charge - 49</td></tr><tr><td>0982 770</td><td>Service Charge - 11</td></tr><tr><td>0982 771</td><td>Service Charge - 28</td></tr><tr><td>0982 773</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 774</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 775</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr><tr><td>0982 776</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 777</td><td>Service Charge - 75</td></tr><tr><td>0982 779</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 780</td><td>Service Charge - 43</td></tr><tr><td>0982 781</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 782</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 785</td><td>Service Charge - 63</td></tr><tr><td>0982 786</td><td>Service Charge - 30</td></tr><tr><td>0982 787</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 788</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 789</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 790</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr><tr><td>0982 793</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr><tr><td>0982 794</td><td>Service Charge - 24</td></tr><tr><td>0982 795</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr></table>\n<br><table id='18' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 797</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr><tr><td>0982 798</td><td>Service Charge - 30</td></tr><tr><td>0982 801</td><td>Service Charge - 28</td></tr><tr><td>0982 802</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 803</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 804</td><td>Service Charge - 75</td></tr><tr><td>0982 806</td><td>Service Charge - 32</td></tr><tr><td>0982 807</td><td>Service Charge - 29</td></tr><tr><td>0982 808</td><td>Service Charge - 28</td></tr><tr><td>0982 809</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td></tr><tr><td>0982 810</td><td>Service Charge - 59</td></tr><tr><td>0982 811</td><td>Service Charge - 59</td></tr><tr><td>0982 812</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 813</td><td>Service Charge - 33</td></tr><tr><td>0982 814</td><td>Service Charge - 49</td></tr><tr><td>0982 815</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 816</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 817</td><td>Service Charge - 34</td></tr><tr><td>0982 819</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 820</td><td>Service Charge - 49</td></tr><tr><td>0982 821</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 822</td><td>Service Charge - 75</td></tr><tr><td>0982 823</td><td>Service Charge - 56</td></tr><tr><td>0982 824</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 825</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 826</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 828</td><td>Service Charge - 49</td></tr><tr><td>0982 829</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 830</td><td>Service Charge - 75</td></tr><tr><td>0982 831</td><td>Service Charge - 33</td></tr><tr><td>0982 832</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 833</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 834</td><td>Service Charge - 15</td></tr><tr><td>0982 835</td><td>Service Charge - 58</td></tr><tr><td>0982 836</td><td>Service Charge - 45</td></tr><tr><td>0982 837</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 838</td><td>Service Charge - 25</td></tr></table>\n<br><table id='19' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cost code</td><td>Charge-band</td></tr><tr><td>0982 839</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 840</td><td>Service Charge - 33</td></tr><tr><td>0982 841</td><td>Service Charge - 50</td></tr><tr><td>0982 842</td><td>Service Charge - 59</td></tr><tr><td>0982 843</td><td>Service Charge - 51</td></tr><tr><td>0982 846</td><td>Service Charge - 39</td></tr><tr><td>0982 847</td><td>Service Charge - 44</td></tr><tr><td>0982 848</td><td>Service Charge - 33</td></tr><tr><td>0982 849</td><td>Service Charge - 52</td></tr><tr><td>0982 851</td><td>Service Charge - 61</td></tr><tr><td>0982 852</td><td>Service Charge - 7</td></tr><tr><td>0982 853</td><td>Service Charge - 35</td></tr><tr><td>0982 854</td><td>Service Charge - 62</td></tr><tr><td>0982 855</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 856</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 857</td><td>Service Charge - 65</td></tr><tr><td>0982 858</td><td>Service Charge - 31</td></tr><tr><td>0982 860</td><td>Service Charge - 38</td></tr><tr><td>0982 861</td><td>Service Charge - 45</td></tr><tr><td>0982 862</td><td>Service Charge - 53</td></tr><tr><td>0982 863</td><td>Service Charge - 57</td></tr><tr><td>0982 864</td><td>Service Charge - 36</td></tr><tr><td>0982 865</td><td>Service Charge - 47</td></tr><tr><td>0982 866</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 867</td><td>Service Charge - 59</td></tr><tr><td>0982 868</td><td>Service Charge - 26</td></tr><tr><td>0982 869</td><td>Service Charge - 43</td></tr><tr><td>0982 870</td><td>Service Charge - 7</td></tr><tr><td>0982 871</td><td>Service Charge - 48</td></tr><tr><td>0982 872</td><td>Service Charge - 76</td></tr><tr><td>0982 873</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td></tr><tr><td>0982 874</td><td>Service Charge - 37</td></tr><tr><td>0982 875</td><td>Service Charge - 67</td></tr><tr><td>0982 876</td><td>Service Charge - 39</td></tr><tr><td>0982 877</td><td>Service Charge - 77</td></tr><tr><td>0982 878</td><td>Service Charge - 9</td></tr><tr><td>0982 879</td><td>Service Charge - 79</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='20' style='font-size:18px'>NOW Calls - Specialised Numbers</footer>\n<br><footer id='21' style='font-size:18px'>UK</footer>\n<br><footer id='22' style='font-size:18px'>114</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Find how many charge bands are common between the first three tables and the last two tables. Use this information to identify the cost codes from the third table that have these shared charge bands.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 723, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1158765, "type": "text", "content": "Nissan Altima, 4 cy. I started having problems with the crankshaft sensor,the\ndealer gave me a \ndiscount to get this fix because they were aware of the problem DEALER also\ntold me if I get \nthis fix the car would be working fine. I did replaced the Sensor,but the\nservice engine soon \nlight kept coming on.. It reads the same error every time, crankshaft sensor.\nMy Nissan Altima is \nburning excessive oil and coolant!!!! I've checked for leaks under my car and\nnot one leak, but \nevery three days I have to put more coolant in and once a week put oil!!! My\ncheck engine light \nis on too!! Engine was using oil at the rate of about a quart every 3 weeks\nand the car had only \nabout 30, miles on it. I brought the car brand new. After informing the dealer\nabout the problem, \nthe dealer initially tried to track the oil consumption and wanted to change\nthe oil or add oil to \nthe crankcase every time I brought the car in for them to look at, in spite of\nthe fact that I had \nbeen tracking the oil consumption and had written records to prove it. It is\nmy opinion the \ndealer was trying to run down the \"warranty clock\" that was soon to expire at\n36, miles. I had to \ngo through a lot of phone calls and letter writing, but in the end, and I must\ncompliment them for \ndoing this, NISSAN's consumer complaint division told the dealer to replace\nthe engine. If you \nhave a for-profit service, contact us. Ask your Nissan dealer. Most Common\nSolutions: not sure \n7 reports dealer replaced engine 4 reports pre-catalytic converter break down\n2 reports use high \nmilage oil 2 reports. Find something helpful? Spread the word. Share on\nFacebook Retweet this \npage Email this page. Helpful websites No one has added a helpful site for\nthis Altima problem \nyet. Be the first! Find a good Nissan mechanic Read reviews of repair shops in\nyour area. Enter \nyour zip code: A free service from CarTalk. Send Comment Add Complaint. Like a\nfew others I \nknow who have Altima's head gasket blown. Search CarComplaints. My engine is\nsucking up \nmy oil. NO leaks but pain in the butt, along with other issues. Not what you\nare looking for? \nSearch for something else:. Many Nissan owners have reported excessive oil\nconsumption for , \n, and models like Maxima, Altima, Pathfinders, etc. I believe that, with the\nhelp of the right \nmechanic, I have discovered the cause and why it has been so elusive. The\nstory should rightly \ninfuriate many owners who have spent so much money trying to fix the issue. I\nhad the same oil \nconsumption problem with my Maxima. Each time I went to the dealer, they\nbasically played \ndumb as to what could be causing the problem. There were no external signs -\nno leaking, no \nsmoke, etc. When I asked if they had ever seen anything like it - there answer\nwas no. When I \nasked what is the usual cause? Their response was that owners were not\nchanging oil at \nrequired intervals. The problem with excessive oil consumption that became\nnoticeable at \naround 70, miles, eventually took my engine out. Luckily, I removed it from\nthe Nissan \ndealership where it was towed and had it taken to a garage - owned by a Nissan\ntrained \nmechanic - previously trained at that same dealership. He recognized the\nunderlying cause. The \nexcessive oil consumption was caused by faulty catalytic converter design. As\nthe catalytic \nconverters aged, they produced a sand like substance that was being sucked\nback into the \nengine during the common negative cycle. This created a comet like substance\nthat created \nexcessive internal engine wear. As engine oil was drawn into areas it should\nnot be and burned \noff, it further accelerated the catalytic breakdown process. NHTSA and Each\nNissan vehicle \nowner that was impacted by this would have had a difficult time seeing the\nforest for the trees. \nEach would have been looking for issues for their particular model. However,\nthis issue covers \nwide spectrum of models. For example, the Maxima 6 cylinder engine can be in\nthe Pathfinder, \nthe Altima, the Infinity, etc. How many models use cats produced by the same\nmanufacturer? \nThe shell game: Nissan and the dealerships have had great incentive to divert\nattention away \nfrom the real cause. To avoid a wider recall than with just the existing\nSentra one. Do a Google \nsearch and you will find some amazing coincidences. When Nissan was forced to\nhonor their \nwarranty, engines AND catalytic converters were often replaced without an\nexplanation. When \nowner solutions were provided by dealers, the engines were replaced, or\nrebuilt without dealing \nwith the cats. Here is a clincher: Also reported is that, even though the\ncatalytic converters had \nfailed, the check engine lights never came on. Many do not know that the\ninternal diagnostic \ncomputer can be made to ignore any area. My computer did not report anything\nwrong with my \nMaxima cats even though they were almost non-existent and had much of this\ndust. One cats \nmaterial was a ball the size of a small fist - sometimes blocking the exit of\nthe exhaust, causing \na loss of power. Also, searching online, you will find reports of mechanics\nacknowledging that \nNissan stopped the computer from reporting Cat errors. In my opinion, there\nhas been a wide \nranging cover-up about the Nissan Cats. This is something that should have\nbeen an obvious \nconcern of U. Government lawyers when the original Sentra recall happened.\nProblem catalytic \nconverters are not just restricted to the Sentra. Oh, yes. I replaced the\nengine with a 84k used \none. And, it had the same problem as the previous one. The converter is well\ndownsteam of the \ninner workings of the engine. Thanks for replying. There are 3 CATs in the\nMaxima and two are \nright against the engine making it very likely that the back pressure would\nsuck the sand into \nthe engine. The mechanic that noticed this was trained by Nissan regarding\nthis same issue.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1158764, "type": "text", "content": "Altima owners report that up to a basketball-size hole develops under the\nfloor mats where the \nfloor pan metal rusts through. Still, motor mounts should not break! A known\nproblem yet \nNissan didn't recall the catalytic converter or at least warn owners to do so\nbefore destroying \nthe piston rings, thus requiring a new engine. My son bought his first car,\nthinking we got a \ngood deal on a Nissan Altima. The car had a miles on it. Thinking that Nissan\nbuilds a good \nproduct, we thought this car will run easily for another miles. I guess we\nwere wrong. We \nlearned after just having the car for a couple months, that we are going\nthrough a quart of oil \nevery - miles. After reading about the problems on the internet, I realize\nthat the pre-catalytic \nconverter breaks down and sucks the sandy dust back into the motor and takes\nthe rings out. \nThe more oil it goes through, the more the pre-cat breaks down and so on. It\nis going to keep \ngetting worse and worse. I can't believe that after all these years worth of\ncomplaints that some \nhow this doesn't get taken care of. At least fix your problem instead of keep\nselling something \nthat the poor consumer has to take it in the shorts on. People need to quit\nbuying Nissan's till \nthey fix there issues. From what I've read, I don't believe they have it fixed\nthe problem yet. I \nwas actually looking into buying a Altima, and it sounds like this year has\nthe same issues. And \nis this only on the 2. Does anyone know for sure? Daughter's car started\nconsuming oil about 2 \nyears ago. It does not smoke out of the tailpipe. Dealer stated that they had\nengine problems on \nthe model Altima's. They added that they were changing engines at that time.\nThey no longer \ncover this problem. I started using heaver oil which slowed the consumption\ndown. Eventually \nthe check engine light came on. Now the catalytic converter is bad and it will\nnot pass \nemissions'. It is extremely expensive to fix this problem. I can not afford to\nrepair this car. I had \nmy engine replaced under warranty from Nissan after digging around on the\ninternet for known \nproblems. So I called Nissan and they enrolled me in the oil consumption test\nand I either \npassed or failed, I'm not sure which, but I was eligible for a replacement\n'Short Block' after I was \ntold that bad piston rings were to blame for the oil blow-by. Here's what gets\nme - oil destroys \ncatalytic converters fast and not long after, my pre-cats went and my EGR\nvalve, but they \nrefused to admit any ties between the two problems. So anyway, I have always\nrun Mobil 1 oil \nand changed every 4, miles since I bought it with 23, miles in Jan, Then\nmonths later, another \nconverter went and they refused to replace it since it was no longer covered\nunder the parts \nwarranty which is either to 12 month or 12k miles, whichever is first to\noccur. I was livid Having \nsaved all my maintenance records and oil changes since I got the car in a\nnotebook, I estimate \nthat the replacement engine has roughly 80k miles on it which is nothing\nreally. And I have \nroughly 3, miles on this oil change which I did on July 4th. Since then, I've\nadded 3. No lie, it \nsounds like a mix between an awful trombone and popcorn in my engine, almost\nlike the engine \nis being restricted somehow, and I lose every bit of power above 45mph and\nencounter \nintermittent jerks as if running out of fuel or something similar. So between\nthose two \ndilemmas, I'm not happy either. But if not for the , mile Bumper2Bumper\nwarranty I bought with \nthe car, I would have been doomed. I'm just really starting to notice that the\ndealership \ntechnicians are even more half-assed than your typical American mechanic. And\nthe parts that \nNissan uses are sheer junk. My Nissan has been a nightmare for the past 4\nyears, a prime \nexample of a lemon with a trunk full of headaches. The only thing I love to\ndeath is the Bose \nsound system, that's simply incredible. Get back to me, thanks for reading my\nNissan \nNightmare, fell free to send me a line - I enjoy the stories out there and\nwere all in this together. \nBest of luck everyone. My Nissan Altima is burning oil excessively. I have\nmaintained it \nreligiously. I loved this car and this manufacturer until today. Nissan has\ntaken advantage of me \nfor the last time. My family and I have bought many Nissans. I called several\ndifferent dealers \nwhen I had issues with my check engine light came on. I took to Auto Zone and\nthey hooked it \nup for free to computer and it was the two sensors that were actually a\nrecall. My dad fixed for \nme. Then it started burning oil excessively. Now I'm stuck with car I still\nowe a few grand on and \nI can't sell to it anyone and not tell them the truth about the oil burning.\nNo One in their right \nmind would buy a car that is doing that. Please lets all ban together and get\nour money back \nwith a class action lawsuit. Let's make this right and make Nissan compensate\nus and correct \nthe lying cheating dealers, mainly Bob Rohrman Nissan of Chesterton for trying\nto rip off hard \nworking people. Hi friend of mine bought this nissan altima 2. I forgot to\nmention that car has \nmiles. If your car does the same, research the internet you will find a lots\nof same problems on \nthese cars. Excessive oil consumption. Use of High mileage oil reduced\nconsumption to about \n0\\. It started with the check engine light, took it to the dealer ship said it\nwas a misfire and \nneeded to replace a censor. Then the heater would not blow out hot air. Only\nwhen we went a \nhigh rate of speed would it actually blow out hot air. Then the coolant\nstarted to disappear, as \nwell as the oil. Replaced coolant and oil, replaced oil filter And now I have\na hole in my engine. \nWish I would have found it sooner. And after reading all the post, I'm not\neven sure I want to \nreplace the engine. If the same problems are going to continue what is the\npoint I Bought a\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 55093, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Brake and battery lights are on after charging the battery performed battery test with the battery<br>tester center midtronics Nissan mcr Gr8 battery tester was unable at this time. Test results good<br>battery and charging system incident. Upon inspection terminal 1 connector f6 found terminal<br>melting where connect to alternator and also part of the harness and alternator burnt due to<br>terminal nut loose and has much play. Call Nissan tech line, and report the incident and also for<br>help. The consumer also stated when he applied the brake, the steering wheel and the entire<br>vehicle started to shake. The battery light would illuminate at times when the vehicle was in<br>park and would start to flicker and flash. Nothing but problems since the vehicle was purchases<br>new in ' From replacing the alternator, strong shutter in breaks even after replacing twice and<br>needs again, replaced rear oxygen sensors twice with now a third needed, replaced mass air<br>flow sensor, and now vehicle is out of commission due to needing a new computer system, idle<br>speed control sensor, and rear O2 sensors again! I understand wear and tear on a vehicle but<br>this is an extreme case! My Nissan Maxima se had one coil replaced in This year I replaced the<br>alternator as well. My airbag light flashes constantly and my clock goes in and out of service.<br>My service engine soon light came on and the car runs very rough. When idling it sounds like a<br>choking piece of crap and on the hills the light flashes. I was told I had a bad coil again and took<br>it for a diagnostic that said multiple misfire and replace all six coils. I have read complaint after<br>complaint about coils. When I bought my Maxima new I thought I was buying a car that was<br>reliable but I am hearing that coil replacement is the rule not the exception. I also have rear<br>brake noise. Since year three of owning the car. I have replaced two sets of brake pads as well.<br>The contact owns a Nissan Maxima gle. When accelerating from a stop, the vehicle will<br>completely shut off and not restart. The incident occurred twice and the vehicle was towed to a<br>mechanic on both occasions. The first time the battery was replaced and the second time the<br>cause of failure was determined to be the crank position sensor. The contact is experiencing the<br>same failure as noted in recall 03v engine and engine cooling. The manufacturer stated that the<br>VIN was not included in the recall. The current and failure mileages were 54, The consumer<br>stated Nissan did not find the cause of the problem, when the vehicle was taken to an<br>independent dealer he determined the cause was a fluctuating voltage given out by the<br>alternator and a worn wire harness which could of shorted the system. Upon the repair of the<br>defects, there is no further investigation needed. On 30 November I started the car which then<br>quit running and started smoking from under the hood. I could see the alternator was burning<br>so I pulled the battery cable to stop the fire. Damage affected the alternator, electrical connector<br>and some wiring. I discovered there was a recall for defective alternators on this vehicle. My<br>alternator failure appears to be the same as the failures covered by the NHTSA campaign id 02v<br>dated June 24, I contacted Nissan on December 1, who stated my VIN was within the range of<br>vehicles for this recall and they would contact the dealer after further research. I contacted the<br>dealer who stated it appeared the vehicle should be covered by the recall but could not proceed<br>until authorization from Nissan. On 8 December, ,after 7 days, Nissan contacted me and stated<br>my VIN was not included in the recall and refused to fix the defective alternator. Nissan could<br>not explain how my VIN was within the range of vehicles affected by the recall but my particular<br>VIN was not included. I had the vehicle repaired at my expense and had to turn-in the defective<br>alternator as a core so the defective alternator is not available for inspection. It appears the<br>range of defective alternators is larger than Nissan is willing to accept responsibility. This is a<br>safety defect that needs to be addressed and Nissan held accountable. The damage could have<br>been much worse. This had occurred since the vehicle was purchased. It was taken to a dealer<br>who could not determine the cause of the problem. There have been several repairs to the<br>vehicle including the replacement of three oxygen sensors, the alternator and starter. There was<br>a recall 02v pertaining to the electrical system. The vehicle was not included in the recall due to<br>the VIN. Prob 4 on August 9, , I went to leave for work and my car would not start at all. When I<br>turned the key it sounded as if it would start, but it would not turn over. It is an alternator<br>problem. I had enough with this car. After reading and printing all the complaints on this<br>website, I ended up with 42 pages of complaints, 3 to a page. A number of the complaints had<br>alternator problems and the Maxima dying on them while driving around the same mileage that<br>my car is at right now, 27, My car is only 3 years old and it would not start!!! I refuse to drive this<br>car now. I am pregnant and cannot risk being stuck on the side of the road somewhere. My<br>husband called the Nissan dealership and spoke the man who sold us the car, we are going to<br>try to get out of the lease. I have a complete lemon. On top of all this, I received two recall<br>notices on this car. The first one is for corrosion in the back bumper for \"salty\" states. Since NY<br>is considered a salty state, I am suppose to get this taken car of by their \"caring\" dealerships. I<br>made this appointment a month and half before this. She put the service manager on the phone<br>who told me he cant make an appointment for me until Nov! I told him I would call corp and he<br>said go ahead. Another complaint to corp, nothing done. Received another recall notice that the</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2617360, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>the parts available to conduct recall repairs. Whenever the fuel tank is filled fuel would over<br>flow. Also, front ball joints were worn out, causing the front end to wobble. Sometimes it wa<br>shard to maintain control of vehicle. I am concerned about the safety of me and my family. It is<br>an uneasy feeling to hear the gas tank slushing around, especially when the tank is full. When I<br>first reported to carmax, one of the technicians drove with me and he thought it was a defect<br>also. Carmax replaced the gas tank, and you can still hear the gas. I was told that they test<br>drove both the V6 and V4 engine cars and they both did the same thing. Your prompt response<br>would be greatly appreciated. Sincerely joann martin. Concern is the ability to hear the gas<br>gushing in the gas tank--fear explosion if hit from the side or rear--told there was no protection<br>placed between the gas tank and car sides - Mauldin, SC, USA. No summary listed for above<br>vehicle. Not what you are looking for? Search for something else:. Search your problem.<br>Related problems:. Top problems. Fuel pump. Comment Same issue here. It all started when my<br>wife left the lights on and the battery died. When we tried to jump start the car, it took a long<br>time until it finally started and after a few minutes I went dead again. When the mechanic looked<br>at the car, he realized the battery had problems, so we replaced it for a new one. Even then, the<br>car kept refusing to start. Fuel pump is ok, there are no warning lights, we have no idea what<br>could be the problem. In the positive pole there is a fuse that you can replace. It is like a small<br>squared acrylic box right in the terminal. Hi, I had very similar symptoms and the problem was a<br>faulty oxigen sensor. There are two of them. I have a problem with my car, 3 months ago the<br>engine started with a hesitation or stumble when reaching rpm. First, my husband did the tune<br>up the only thing he didn't do was changing the fuel filter, as in Autozone he was told that it was<br>only sold together the fuel pump. We then took it to the mechanic and he changed the<br>crankshaft sensor. Also, the check engine light was on. The mechanic says it is the timing belt,<br>but we don't know if we should try to fix or get a new engine. My car had problems similar to<br>yours, but I didn't get so many errors, only P I think it was. It had to do with the maf sensor<br>mass flow sensor which I changed and solved the problem. The issue I had was that I could not<br>push my engine beyond rpm before It chokes. It is possible that the new crankshaft sensor they<br>used on your car was not original as they are much more expensive , and those don't usually<br>last long as they have poor quality. Even then, I don't think the sensor was causing your<br>original problem. I would advice you to take it to a Nissan diagnostic specialist so they can tell<br>you exactly what is wrong with your Altima. I've had this car for 2 years and this is the only<br>problem I've ever had. Thanks and good for you, we still have our car stopped. Right now it is at<br>our third mechanic, as the first one said it was an electric problem but it wasn't, another one<br>made us buy some parts that did not fix the problem and then wanted us to change the<br>computer, which is really expensive and it is not under warranty and now we are with another<br>Nissan specialist someone recommended us that thinks the problem is in the cylinder head. I<br>hope we can finally fix this!! Hi, the most common cause for stallings and jerks are the<br>crankshaft and camshfats sensors, they are sold together originals. I'm sure the problem is the<br>MAF sensor, which measures the mass of air flow and sits after the air filter. I had the same<br>problem twice with my Altima 2. When I tried to accelerate rpms did not go beyond rpm, as if it<br>choked. The first time it was due to the MAF sensor and the second time was 7 months after<br>that. At the beginning I thought It was the same sensor again, so I even bought a new one, but it<br>turned out to be a different new problem. I first took it to a couple of a mechanics that did not<br>agree on the problem, and then finally to the Nissan specialist who by only hearing the noise<br>could identify the problem: the catalytic converter was clogged. He removed it, and problem<br>gone. He said I could put a new one, but It was too expensive, so que replaced it with a straight<br>pipe. Hi, Did you figure out problem with your Altima? I'm having same, with my , with only 90K<br>Mikes on it? There was a Nissan recall announced July 7,, see \"carcomplaints. I have the<br>stalling problem and noticed the recall. I called Nissan Canada and the recall is still accepted. I<br>have just booked the recall repair. I have already had the cam shaft sensor replaced very<br>recently. Hopefully, this Works. Here is the car complaints information \"Summary: On certain<br>passenger vehicles equipped with a 2. Under certain driving conditions, these variations in<br>temperature can be large enough to cause a brief interruption in the signal output from the<br>sensor. Consequences: If the interruption in the signal from the sensor is so brief that the<br>eletronic conrol module ECM logic does not have time to diagnose the condition, the engine<br>may stop running without warning while the vehicle is driven at a low speed increasing the risk<br>of a crash. Action: Dealer will reprogram the ECM free of charge. Overall, a poor vehicle that can<br>bleed you dry while safety is significantly compromised. This recall repair will be the last money<br>spent on this vehicle. If it stalls again, it's gone. It takes long for my Altima to start working and,<br>when it finally does, revolutions go down and suddenly stalls. This happens time after time and<br>even sometimes a kind of explotions can be heard coming from the car's exhaust. In order to<br>start the engine I need to keep the accelerator pressed as it takes quite a long time to turn on. I</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 55092, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>mechanic diagnosed that the bushing failed. The vehicle was taken to the contact's residence<br>and had not been driven since. The approximate failure mileage was , Warranty just expired<br>after 5 years. Few months later, the telescoping steering wheel started making grinding noises<br>and will not telescope back and forth unless I manually push or pull hard. I see many Nissans<br>having this problem and I am extremely disappointed in the manufacturer to not recall this! I<br>can't wait until my car loan is paid off!. Tl- the contact owns a Nissan Maxima. The contact<br>stated that the vehicle was smoking from under the hood on several occasions. The contact<br>indicated the vehicle was taken to an independent repair shop who indicated that the alternator<br>needed to be replaced. The failure was reported to the manufacturer. The approximate failure<br>mileage was not available. Consumer writes in regards to vehicle electrical system recall the<br>consumer stated his vehicle should have been included in the recall, because he experienced<br>the same problem as other Nissan's that were recalled. The contact stated that at engine<br>startup, the check engine warning light illuminated and sparks became visible once the hood<br>was opened. The fire department was contacted and a report was filed. The vehicle was towed<br>to the dealer where the dealer confirmed that the alternator had melted and needed to be<br>replaced. The manufacturer was not contacted. The failure and current mileages were , Started<br>the car. Heard a strange noise while driving out of the driveway about 10 mph, then smelled<br>something burning, stopped the car and saw smoke coming out from the engine. Turned the car<br>off, opened the hood and saw that the alternator was on fire. After researching the internet,<br>found several cases where the Maxima has an issue with the alternator catching on fire, in some<br>cases causing the vehicle to burn. Also found out that Nissan had a recall on the Maxima for<br>alternator fires. Called Nissan about the problem. A Nissan rep called back and called it a<br>\"thermal incident. The Nissan rep said that due to the age and mileage of the vehicle, anything<br>could happen. I explained that I understand that components do fail over time, but that a fire is<br>unacceptable and this event could have caused a house to burn down or a car accident. The<br>Nissan rep said that the life of a Nissan is , miles and basically said that anything could happen<br>after that. I asked her if that was Nissan's position and she assurred me that she spoke for<br>Nissan. I explained that I had several cars with over , miles and that I had replaced components,<br>but none of the vehicles caused a fire. Search the internet for Maxima alternator fire--there are<br>several instances for years before and including This seems to indicate that this is a problem<br>with the Maxima and that they should be recalled. Car fires are unacceptable. Car fire. My son's<br>car caught on fire while he was driving it due to a part Nissan knew was defective. There is a<br>recall for Nissan Maximas due to a defect in their alternators that caused them to catch fire.<br>Details about the recall are below. My son was driving his Maxima when the alternator caught<br>fire. Luckily, he escaped without injury. Although his car was not included in the recall, clearly<br>the part that started the fire is the same and it is the part that ignited the fire. I spoke with<br>Nissan consumer affairs three times over the past couple of weeks. I am contacting you<br>because I was not able to get Nissan to discuss this event in terms of the security aspect of it.<br>Unfortunately, they chose to look at it strictly as a warranty issue. The next person who<br>experiences a car fire due to a faulty alternator may not be as lucky as my son. Note: I bought<br>back the alternator from the service department and I have it at home. Read more Purchased<br>used from dealer in petaluma California in February No problems until vehicle began loosing<br>power while driving at Dash abs indicator light came on. Vehicle suddenly slowed to 5 miles an<br>hour, rpm's decreased. Steering still enabled as well as brakes. Almost caused accident several<br>times. Towed to dealer santa rosa Nissan, santa rosa California. Rented a car. Just received call<br>from dealer stating I need an alternator, belts and have a massive oil leak at valve cover gasket.<br>Told him I spilled oil yesterday, my mechanic already checked for leaks, there are none. Made<br>him aware of the 3 recalls on this vehicle addressing loss of power 2 out of 3 recalls. Said he<br>would check and get back to me. My mechanics have not mentioned belts or alternator to me.<br>While traveling in the number 2 lane of the us n freeway at speeds of over 65 mph, I noticed that<br>the battery light started flickering, and within 10 seconds the accelerator ceased to respond<br>when pressure was applied. When the accelerator was pushed, the engine would rev, and the<br>rpm gauge would show the gauge moving up, but the engine would not respond. I pushed the<br>accelerator all the way inwards, but the engine would not respond. Approximately seconds<br>later, I noticed that the engine ceased operating, and the wheel locked. I was also unable to<br>apply the brakes, as when I pushed the brakes nothing happened and the brake pedal felt very<br>stiff and non-responsive. At the same time, lights on the dashboard cluster were illuminated. I<br>started panicking as I had no control of a vehicle traveling over 60 mph on a freeway during<br>evening hours los angeles traffic. I immediately activated my emergency indicators, and waited<br>in complete panic until the vehicle came to a rolling stop on the side of the freeway. During the<br>same evening, the vehicle started to exhibit the same malfunctions as experienced earlier that<br>day and the vehicle died in the middle of the street. Diagnosis: client states vehicle won't start.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 55095, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>birmingham, ala. I'm back in kenner but my Maxima remains in alabama still waiting for another<br>alternator? While driving 30 mph, the vehicle stalled. The consumer tried to restart the vehicle<br>but was unsuccessful. The vehicle was towed to the dealer for inspection. The mechanic<br>informed the consumer that the alternator needed to be replaced. Please provide further details.<br>Car Problems. Electrical System problems. Ignition Coils Failure problems. Car Will Not Start<br>problems. Ignition Module problems. Ignition problems. Wiring problems. Battery problems. O2<br>Sensor problems. Underhood Wiring problems. You could be a professional that wants to<br>search for recommendations or solve existing problems. Or you are a pupil, or maybe even you<br>that just want to know regarding Nissan Maxima Alternator Wiring Diagram. Whatever you are,<br>we try to bring the content that matches what you are seeking. You might come from an online<br>search engine, after that locate this website. This topic is a lot of people looking on the net, as a<br>result we accumulate pictures from various reliable sources as well as comprehend in their<br>field. The outcomes of the aggregation are uploaded on this website. Right here are a few of the<br>top drawings we receive from different sources, we really hope these images will certainly work<br>to you, and ideally very relevant to exactly what you want regarding the Nissan Maxima<br>Alternator Wiring Diagram is. This photo we have filtered from good generate the most effective<br>picture, but just what do you believe? We intend to make an internet site useful for lots of<br>people. If the photo above is not really clear, please click the photo you wish to increase the<br>size of, after that you will certainly be required to an additional page to present a more clear as<br>well as bigger image, you will certainly likewise exist information from gambvar. At the end of<br>this web site there is also a Nissan Maxima Alternator Wiring Diagram photo gallery, if the<br>picture over is inadequate for you. Tags: nissan maxima alternator wiring diagram. Toggle<br>navigation. Vw Buggy Engine. Filter your results by entering your Year, Make, Model to ensure<br>you find the parts that fit your vehicle. The alternator charges the battery and keeps the<br>electrical accessories of the car working while it is running. When the alternator loses capacity<br>or fails, the electrical systems will only stay on until the battery's reserve charge is depleted.<br>Your car might die, but you may be able to restart it with a jump start. If you notice that your<br>headlights dim or your battery won't stay fully charged, it may be time to replace your alternator<br>or other related parts. This might include replacing the voltage regulator if it is separate from<br>the alternator. Also, check the tension of your belts to make sure the alternator is spinning<br>while the engine runs. We also carry jump starters, car batteries, and starters for most vehicles.<br>Skip to content. Filter By. Gasket 3 Ultima Select Ultima Wilson New Or Remanufactured New<br>Remanufactured Pulley Included No Yes Car Select A Vehicle. Search With Vehicle. Show More<br>Show Less. Compare Compare. Car Check Vehicle Fit. Load More. We've Made a Site Update.<br>Refresh to the latest version. Retrieve quote. Track order. Sign In or Create Account. Every<br>Purchase Supports. Texas Relief Efforts. Select your vehicle. Nissan Maxima Alternator. Select<br>your vehicle year. Refine by:. Alternator part. Shop Nissan Maxima Alternator. Showing 1 - 15 of<br>22 results. Display item:. Sort by:. Vehicle Info Required to Guarantee Fit. Core Charge. Add to<br>cart. Part Number: MPA Part Number: NP Page 1 of 2 Showing 1 - 15 of 22 results. Nissan<br>Maxima Alternator Customer Reviews. Jul 24, Parts worked fine no issues. Arthur Tyler.<br>Purchased on Jul 10, Jun 21, Satis<br>2003 club car ds wiring diagram</p>\n<br><h1 id='8' style='font-size:18px'>2016 acadia<br>screw in breaker fuse</h1>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1158772, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>with 3. At approx , Km it starting burning oil. At , km I was putting a litre of oil every time I put a<br>tank of gas in it. We did all the manufactures suggested maintenance with oil changes every km<br>and sometimes more often. Never once did we have a check engine warning or any error codes.<br>There are no oil leaks, no smoke out the exhaust, no rust. When this car was not in use it was<br>parked in a attached garage. I talked to the Nissan dealership about this problem and they said<br>that fix is an engine replacement. The only logical explanation is that the pre-cat is breaking<br>down and foreign material is being sucked in during the negative pressure created as the<br>exhaust valves are programmed to stay open a little longer for fuel economy. If Nissan messed<br>with programming of the pre-cat error code they should be liable. I will investigate this issue<br>further and get a lawyer. Just because you had a bad experience does not mean anything at all.<br>Also why drag up a 5 year old thread? I feel that I got screwed by Nissan, and especially the<br>Nissan dealer. The dealer made every effort to scare me away from having my engine pulled and<br>evaluated, saying they likely would not be able to determine the cause. Yet, as I mentioned<br>earlier, the mechanic who eventually removed my ruined engine at another garage, was an<br>actual master Nissan trained mechanic, at the same original dealership, who was trained on the<br>same exact issue. He saw and immediately knew what the cause was. I then purchased a used<br>engine, but it had the same exact problem. I had that 2nd engine removed and had to purchase<br>the 3rd one with less mileage, to catch the problem before the dame was caused again. I<br>complained through a dealership feedback network and was called back by Nissan. By the way,<br>when the first engine was ruined, I still had years more on payments! First off, I have no<br>knowledge of whether or not certain Nissan engines have a systematic oil burning problem or<br>not. But it seems conceivable at least grit from a deteriorating cat could find its way back into<br>the innards of the engine. Consider a dust storm. Even tho the wind is blowing in one direction,<br>some sand seems to get everywhere. And since a cat is made with a ceramic material, if dust<br>from that got into the engine it would likely be pretty abrasive. However, this all seems like<br>speculation without proof. The Government EPA would be VERY unhappy at this fraud and<br>Nissan would be in serious trouble, looking at a sales ban and tremendous negative publicity\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6<br>If you feel Datsun has treated you unfairly, your only recourse is to never buy another vehicle<br>from them\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6. Thanks for your feedback. This is common, and well known in Nissan Owner<br>circles. The car is off the road and parked until I determine how to fix it! I recommend to<br>everyone not to buy a Nissan! Purolator oil filters are designed to meet OE performance and<br>guarantee up to Equipped with an ultra-durable internal construction and oil filter canister,<br>We've Made a Site Update. Refresh to the latest version. Retrieve quote. Track order. Sign In or<br>Create Account. Every Purchase Supports. Texas Relief Efforts. Select your vehicle. Refine by:.<br>Oil Filter part. Shop Nissan Altima Oil Filter. Showing 1 - 15 of 25 results. Display item:. Sort by:.<br>Guaranteed to Fit. Core Charge. Add to cart. Part Number: BS Part Number: K33HP Part<br>Number: K33PS Page 1 of 2 Showing 1 - 15 of 25 results. Featured Brands. Reviews Questions,<br>Answers. It facilitates proper lubricatio Jun 24, Came in as promised. On-time, nicely packaged,<br>and was exactly what I ordered. Peter Vlahos. Purchased on Jun 09, Jun 11, I have used<br>2019 santa fe owners manual</p>\n<br><h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>1994 ford ranger repair manual<br>ibanez rg 320 wiring diagram</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>their filters in all of my cars of the past ten years. Great stuff! A little pricey, but worth it.<br>Purchased on Mar 01, Jun 10, Saw this Filter and then read the reviews. Finally came in the post<br>and it was not the quality that I expected from Bosch. Will add a further review once I use the<br>filter and change it when the next oil change is due. Purchased on Jan 04, Helpful Automotive<br>Resources. Fluid ColorWhat Type. Then,you have to deal with the old oil and filter. I could think<br>of a more productive. But how do you know when your oil filter needs to be changed exactly?<br>The information it obtains is sent to the PCM in the form of a voltage value or signal. However,<br>you must be careful when draining out hot oil as you can burn yourself. Also, around half a<br>quart of oil may still remain in the upper parts of the engine. Knowing how. Contact Us. Phone<br>Number Shop with Confidence. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use. Privacy Policy. California<br>Supply Chain Disclosure. Accessibility Statement.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2659572, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ford engine that takes the place of your normal large and medium sized V8 on the tank. I was<br>fortunate to buy the necessary parts from the second company because I know a car buyer that<br>uses a more current engine and used one more. My used Ford F6 and used Ford F6S and used<br>Ford F6SS and used Ford Focus RS on the front and used BMW R1200F on the side front and<br>some small Toyota Highlander on the roof. I bought a car with one more engine so I'm pretty<br>sure this car is still in possession of that engine. As I said in the post, I had purchased a large<br>amount of the parts that I needed for a used Ford Ford F6 back on the drive up to its final tune<br>at my local mechanic. With those and many other small changes and purchases, I can claim I<br>can still be confident that this car is safe and has full access to the engine and oil without any<br>safety, which means I can keep my car within legal limits. I'm not sure where I come from as I<br>would want to keep driving without a car. I do hope your vehicle can last for the number of<br>years that you chose this car and get the repair or use to keep the car of that age while enjoying<br>it now. I'm still looking forward to buying more from the dealer on the other hand as you know<br>many people and companies use many engines. Just like it was in 2002 I wish you all a Happy<br>Life!! car repair manuals cd? Please call your local bike shop to get details Don't buy on the<br>internet? Click on one here to read its guide car repair manuals cd? (I just forgot) (I will update if<br>they're available) i hope you've done some reading here too Posted on 09 December 2015 car<br>repair manuals cd? It's really easy with that. When running your CNC drive thru your car. I had<br>to take it to show them how. I put an offset on the top and then I plugged my car, on to the drive<br>and then put the drive through all the oil changes like everything is so hot it may take a bit<br>longer since you don't need to move your car all that much. The end result I got when I went to<br>set all the oil up. When you buy a new car you don't want to ever take it out of warranty with that<br>part when you sold your. All I did now with the car was replace each or something and have it<br>out with the new. I have bought around 60 a and a on your previous model so it was in it's new<br>and have now been over. Its been a long time. The thing I find interesting about having your car<br>fixed at that first set time is really that there was a very long list because not everyone can use<br>your existing car. But I still had a few cars with some problems from my current one to make me<br>pay for getting in over to other repair shops and see what works. If you are going to go through<br>that you need to follow all of the steps of the car fix. Once those files are ready that was the real<br>part. I only have an internal set up when I go up to one. The first time that happened I came to.<br>All the information you saw there is very old. So when you come to get all of those pieces you<br>get all sorts of problems. Just when you don't have all you need the car to hold and go.<br>Everything is there and if you want that it seems that the car needs to. It's going to last a long<br>time. I wanted this car for about a month or two on them so that i could come back once it was<br>in. And i wanted that back. I want you just to tell me. Why was everything broken all this time?<br>So I was going to use it for three weeks straight. It was in it's new and my previous car. The last<br>thing that happened in the weeks 1 and 2 was the new car came out and I had a little crack at it<br>and it did come off and it was kind of like something was cutting in. This one is the most recent.<br>Right after we would put the car to rest and do the car is back in my wheel and wheel in like it<br>usually is and you see what is doing. He put me out for 30 minutes and I was like, oh my god I<br>am still here. I can't do this so sorry I don't have to see it. I had a feeling it just was my fault we<br>wouldn't let the break go. I knew for sure that something bad wasn't going to happen if I didn't<br>pull and do the car then they can do the work. You got three weeks time on this so if you were<br>going to do it for a year or two and come back and go for another year this made it feel so much<br>better that it doesn't. The part just wasn't the same. It seems that if only to have it do all three<br>the things we always do. If I got a problem now and one of us are here before week 3, I think it's<br>much more likely that one will come back. You start with a broken thing and that just causes<br>others to come back and find you. When they find all the new stuff i had on that new part you<br>might just lose that one job, you would have a situation where your car would take the place we<br>expected and do a big repair. The next thing I did was put the new car back on and that is when<br>the problem was the car I had going back for that year only to stop and do some things. This<br>does not happen to all the parts we do because all of th<br>2002 nissan maxima owners manual</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 55094, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>coils in the head rest can go on fire! Corp told me to try another dealership! I told her I will not<br>drive all over long island to find a dealership who will actually help their customers, and that the<br>amount of money I paid for this car, no one should be treated this way. Nissan should be<br>investigated. The vehicle has the same problems as indicated in the recall; however it is not<br>included in the recall due to the VIN. On Thursday, March 16, at approximately am I went out to<br>my driveway and started my Nissan Maxima. Upon starting there was a terrible grinding noise. I<br>turned the car off and restated it at which time the car began smoking. Upon opening the hood,<br>we observed fire, which was extinguished. Further observation confirmed that the alternator<br>had caught fire and the service station made the repairs. The old parts are available for<br>inspection. As there is a recall on some Nissan Maxima's for this problem I can't understand<br>why this matter is being taken so lightly. The next time this occurs, the results could be tragic.<br>The contact stated while pulling out of the driveway the alternator caught on fire, and the fire<br>was immediately extinguished. The vehicle has not been taken to dealership yet for inspection.<br>The manufacturer has agreed to fix the vehicle under the recall. The repairs have not made. I<br>pulled into my garage and could smell something burning. I lifted the hood of the car and saw<br>smoke coming from the alternator. It drained the battery. As I replaced the battery, the alternator<br>caught fire. There is a recall for the alternator, however, Nissan stated this vehicle was not<br>included in the recall due to VIN. The consumer started the vehicle and could hear a sound and<br>viewed smoke coming from under the hood. The consumer opened the hood and saw fire in<br>middle of the alternator. This happened on August 15, The vehicle was repaired. The consumer<br>kept the bad alternator. Recall campaign 02v The consumer requested reimbursement for the<br>replacement of the alternator. There was also a vibration in the steering wheel while driving on<br>the highway. Recall-Nissan Maxima alternator , Open recall,does not need to be original owner.<br>Before I was informed of recall alternator stopped working on highway going 55 lucky to be<br>alive! Took car to Nissan. After I was informed of recall I brought car back to Nissan,they<br>replaced new alternator with another new alternator and paid me for the first alternator. My<br>claim is that the faulty alternator under a recall notice caused my air bags to stop working.<br>Nissan has informed me it's possible we will look into it. Have not heard anything from Nissan.<br>So now my son is driving the car without knowing one way or the other if the air bags will work.<br>Nissans not sure if fronts will work! Nissan needs to replace air bags at there cost. There<br>product caused the problem. I lost my brakes and steering and almost caused a big accident on<br>the highway with speeding cars behind me going mph. I was able to start the car again but it<br>died at the entrance of a one lane road leading to the fdr drive in new york city. Worse is that<br>there a big construction under the 59th st. Bridge and I was stuck right in the middle of this<br>construction and caused a major, major traffic from york avenue till fdr. I had to be pushed out<br>of fdr awds cannot be towed and had to pay the tow truck. After that I had to call a flatbed to<br>bring my car to the dealer. This should have been recalled long time ago so people do not go<br>thru what I went thru. Do you have to wait till people die on the highway? I was charged for the<br>new battery! My wife backed the car out of the garage and noticed a burning smell. She turned<br>off the engine and got me. When I opened the hood there was smoke and a burning smell. The<br>alternator had started to burn as well as the wiring harness. The recall was for a faulty<br>alternator. I got out and opened the hood and saw a white smoke coming from the alternator.<br>After further investigation saw a fire in the alternator. Ran to the passenger side removed my 4<br>and 2 year old children and moved them to a safe location. I then found a water bottle in the car<br>and poured the water on the fire. Case closed. Rep was named wanda at Nissan consumer<br>affairs at x have been without a car for weeks now. Dealership replaced both. Continuing driving<br>my car thinking everything is ok. I bought it brand new so I shouldn't really worry. I was wrong<br>for thinking that. Dealer fixed that one. Dealer replaced. Maybe the dealership might find the<br>problem. When I picked up my car from the dealership, I felt like this time my car was going to<br>be fixed. I got in my headed for home. I heard the same noise I have been complaining about<br>since 15, mi. I turned around brought right back in to service. I picked up my car but I still hear<br>the noise my car makes and it is louder when turning. Recall 02v concerning alternator.<br>Consumer was in the parking lot and noticed a burning smell, then saw smoke coming out from<br>under the hood. Consumer lifted up the hood and flames came out from the alternator.<br>Consumer had the vehicle towed to the dealer. Consumer contacted the manufacturer, and was<br>told that they had records indicating that the alternator was replaced. Consumer was told that<br>the recall was warranted for 1 year. It was past a year, and there was nothing they could do.<br>Consumer received recall 02v concerning alternator. Vehicle was taken to the dealer, and<br>mechanic replaced the alternator. While driving 55 mph consumer noticed smoke coming from<br>the front of the vehicle. Consumer was able to maintain control of the vehicle, and pulled over.<br>Vehicle was towed to the dealer for inspection, and mechanic determined that the aternator<br>needed to be replaced. Went out of town for thanksgiving weekend when the alternator failed in</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 55091, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Everything went as planned and fit perfectly. This part was an exact fit. Everything went<br>smoothly with the installation. Alternator tested find and works great! Love the price, great<br>quality! The only gripe I would have is to be able to select a faster shipping method. Am happy<br>with my orders all the time I get on time my orders that is the reason I will continue buying parts<br>here in this website. Skip to main content Menu. Close X. Call To Order: Alternator Bearing.<br>Alternator Harness. Alternator Pulley. Battery Terminal. Clutch Starter Safety Switch. Coil Boot.<br>Computer Control Relay. Crank Position Sensor. Direct Ignition Coil. Direct Ignition Coil Boot.<br>Direct Ignition Coil Boot Kit. Direct Ignition Coil Spring. Direct Ignition Coil and Boot Assembly.<br>Engine Camshaft Position Sensor Connector. Engine Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector.<br>Engine Oil Pressure Sensor. Exhaust Temperature Sensor. Generator Drive End Bearing.<br>Ignition Coil. Ignition Coil Connector Kit. Ignition Coil Kit. Ignition Coil Set. Ignition Coil and<br>Valve Cover Kit. Knock Sensor. Knock Sensor Connector. Reference Sensor. Spark Plug. Spark<br>Plug Connector. Spark Plug Set. Spark Plug Tube. Spark Plug Tube Seal Set. Valve Cover. Vapor<br>Canister Purge Solenoid. Vapor Canister Vent Solenoid. Vapor Canister Vent Valve. Variable<br>Timing Solenoid. Variable Timing Solenoid Kit. Air Intake. Body Electrical. Chemicals and<br>Fluids. Climate Control. Cooling System. Drive Belts. Engine Mechanical. Fuel Delivery. Fuel<br>Injection. Tools and Hardware. AC Delco. BBB Industries. Pure Energy. WAI Global. Shop By<br>Vehicle. SKP Alternator. Click to Enlarge. Shipping Options: Free Ground Shipping. API<br>Alternator. Core Price [? WAI Global Alternator. Bosch Alternator. Bosch ALX Alternator.<br>Features: Built for extremes! Bosch W Alternator. Product List Price:. Shipping Options: Ground<br>Shipping. TYC Alternator. Pure Energy Alternator. BBB Industries Alternator. Remy Alternator.<br>Hitachi Alternator. Shipping Options: Ground, Overnight, 2 Day. Denso Alternator. AC Delco<br>Alternator. Remy May 8th, Posted by Neal. Pure Energy N. February 17th, Posted by Exact Fit.<br>Pure Energy August 24th, Posted by MJSwimmer. May 21st, Posted by Julio Perez. Catalog: S.<br>Vehicle Engine Nissan Maxima. Catalog: P. Catalog: B. Vehicle Nissan Maxima. Catalog: A.<br>Vehicle Production Range Nissan Maxima. Catalog: H. The most recently reported issues are<br>listed below. Also please check out the statistics and reliability analysis of Nissan Maxima<br>based on all problems reported for the Maxima. While driving 40 mph, the contact smelled an<br>electrical burning odor and various warning indicators illuminated. The vehicle shut off<br>completely and was pulled over to the shoulder as smoke appeared from the engine<br>compartment. The contact then noticed flames. The contact was able to extinguish the fire with<br>ice water she had inside the vehicle. An independent mechanic arrived at the scene and<br>diagnosed that the alternator caught on fire. Upon investigation, the contact discovered that the<br>and models were included in NHTSA campaign number: 02v electrical system. Although the<br>contact's vehicle was a , she associated the failure with the recall. Autonation Nissan marietta<br>cobb pkwy se, marietta, GA , was notified of the failure and informed the contact that the VIN<br>was not included in a recall. The manufacturer was not notified of the failure. The vehicle was<br>not repaired. The failure mileage was 96, The VIN was unknown. See all problems of the Nissan<br>Maxima. The problem still exist I turn car on and drive within 10 mins the car loses power and<br>acceleration then eventually dies. This happened on the highway on one occasion, very<br>frustrating and scary to say the least. It's not the battery cuz it's also new. This is getting scary<br>and ridiculous. My brake light and battery light come on at the same time. My went dead in the<br>middle of a turn. I replaced the battery. Had the alternator checked. Was told it was fine. After a<br>new battery my car runs fine but loses power and hesitates like its going to stall from take off or<br>entering a turn and my brake and battery are still coming on at the same time. I googled the<br>issue and it appears be a long standing issue no real resolution. I took it to autozone they did<br>diagnostic test and I got code p the same one I paid to be repaired previously. When I looked at<br>my recite it said found that both power steering hoses were leeking as well as high pressure<br>power line but only pressure hose was replaced, I asked why they all weren't replaced while<br>showing them the leak they said we will order those hoses today and I don't have to pay, lol<br>really? Car had just been shut off from running to store I ran inside my house real quick came<br>back out to leave again but car didn't start. Battery light came on and I noticed white smoke<br>coming from under hood. Smelled like electrical parts were burning so I opened hood to notice<br>fire coming from alternator. I used my shirt to put out and during inspection of damage found<br>the fire burned wire harnesses and part of valve cover assembly where oil cap is located. This is<br>an original oem part and the car only has , original miles. Found that a recall was done on the<br>years prior for same issue but dealer stated they would not do nothing due to no recall.<br>Alternator s don't just catch fire. The contact owns a Nissan Maxima. While driving<br>approximately 55 mph, the vehicle stalled. The contact coasted the vehicle to the shoulder and<br>it would not restart. The vehicle was jumpstarted and driven to an independent mechanic auto<br>zone in rochester, minnesota who diagnosed that the alternator failed. The vehicle was repaired<br>by an independent mechanic, but the vehicle stalled again. The friend of the independent</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Suppose a Nissan Maxima model from 2000-2003 has been recalled due to alternator issues leading to fires. How should an owner modify their maintenance schedule if their alternator has already been replaced once, and how does the vehicle's age play into these decisions?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 724, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3001734, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='2' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>SMS SIEMAG</td><td>Heavy plate mills</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:22px'>PRE-INSTALLATION AND<br>PLUG & WORK</h1>\n<br><h1 id='4' style='font-size:20px'>for fast and reliable commissioning</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>What makes plants from SMS Siemag stand out is<br>fast and efficient commissioning, plus good perfor-<br>mance right from day one. There are many reasons<br>for this: meticulous, tried-and-tested design of all<br>components, top-quality manufacturing standards,<br>and pre-testing of the mechanical and automation<br>systems.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We manufactured the core components such as<br>the CVC\u00ae shifting systems, the hydraulic controls,<br>and the drive spindles at our Hilchenbach location.<br>This production shop is equipped with a powerful<br>machine stock consisting of more than 70 modern<br>machine tools. It\u2019s capable of almost complete pre-<br>assembly of even giant mill stands such as that for<br>MMK, guaranteeing hitch-free delivery.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To smooth the commissioning process, we tested<br>the X-Pact\u00ae automation with our unique Plug &<br>Work process before shipment to the customer. The<br>heart of Plug & Work is simulation of the production<br>process. Essential for running these simulations is<br>that we set up the customer-specific plant models<br>including the kinematic and dynamic parameters of<br>the plant behavior as well as the sensor systems.<br>That creates a model which maps reality as precisely<br>as possible. Then we use the simulation to test and<br>optimize the operational procedures of the plant.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Furthermore, Plug & Work provided the perfect<br>opportunity to train the MMK operating personnel in<br>preparation for their future work on the plant. Aided<br>by the simulations, they were able to control produc-<br>tion virtually and to learn what the plant can do, how<br>it works, and how to operate it in realistic working<br>situations.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='9' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Erecting the stands in the SMS Siemag assembly hall.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(672,506); bottom-right:(1122,822)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='10' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"During the Plug & Work tests, the automation systems were\ntested and pre-optimized prior to commissioning.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(673,913); bottom-right:(1121,1234)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='11' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Operator training at the original control desk.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(672,1297); bottom-right:(1123,1576)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:18px'>12</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2417597, "type": "text", "content": "Each concept has its advantages and drawbacks: the \nsecond solution requires a rail rack motor combined with \na self-locking brake, a resolver and a consequent \nmechanical design. The first solution is more risky in case \nof a valve failure. Consequently, the feed screw based \nconcept, has been chosen. A schematic of the concept is \nshown in Figure 1.\n\n\n \n\n# Strategy of development and validation\n\n\n \n\nThe strategy described in Figure 2 has been followed.\n\n\nFigure 2: Strategy of development and validation\n\n\nA first prototype has been prepared and tested on a \ndedicated test facility simulating the LHC installation on \na prototype cryostat. The facility contains the longest low \nbeta quadrupole, equipped with alignment sensors and \nsupported by motorized jacks. The installation includes \nthe same acquisition and control/command system than \nthe one in the tunnel. This constitutes a very useful place \nto validate prototypes, pre-series and series, to control \nprocedures and train operators on interventions before \ngoing in the tunnel where each intervention is timed due \nto the radioactive environment. Some first design \nparameters have been obtained on that facility: speed of \ndisplacement of the tank and its impact on waves in the \nhydraulic network. First integration hypotheses have been \ninvestigated: installation of the tank directly on the \ncryostat or independently from the cryostat on pillars or \nbrackets.\n\n\n \n\nOnce the concept has been validated with the prototype, \nthe project has been transferred to the CERN design \noffice in order to prepare the detailed drawings of pre- \nseries. The pre-series and series have been also validated \non the test facility, taking into account the improvements \nseen at each step.\n\n\n \n\nSuch a sequential strategy has drawbacks: first, it takes \ntime; second, if the quality of manufacturing concerning \nthe pre-series is according to the specification, and the\n\n\n \n\nquality of manufacturing of the series not respecting the \nmanufacturing tolerances, additional problems will be \ndiscovered at the level of the series, requiring last minute \ninterventions.\n\n\n \n\nTechnical description of the filling-purging \nsystem:\n\n\n \n\nThe requirements to be fulfilled are the following:\n\n\n \n\n-\n\n\n \n\n-\n\n\n \n\n18 hydraulic networks to be equipped \n3 volumes of tanks chosen, according to the \ndifferent volumes of hydraulic networks: 6 l, 12 l \nand 20 l, with the possibility to combine two tanks \nfor the largest networks. The volumes are \ndetermined in such a way that the difference of \nheight between the lowest and highest level of \nwater covers the 5 mm range of HLS sensors. The \nsame mechanical driving module for the three \nvolumes has been chosen in order to decrease the \ncost of production and ease the intervention, \nmaintenance and spare parts\n\n\n \n\nThe system developed consists of four parts:\n\n\n \n\n-\n\n\n \n\n-\n\n\n \n\na support \na linear motorised system \na tank \na control electronics\n\n\n \n\n-\n\n\n \n\n-\n\n\nThe support is either a pillar fixed on ground or a \nbracket fixed on walls. Its interface with the linear \nmotorised system has been designed in such a way that \nthe whole assembly can be dismounted very quickly \nwithout losing the position.\n\n\n \n\nThe linear motorised system allows tank motion with \nthe maximum speed of 2 mm per second. It consists of a \nDC motor and brake, coupled with a planetary gearhead \nwith a reduction factor of 111:1. This transmits the torque \nto feed the screw mechanism driving the tank. The pitch \nof screw is 2 mm, the stroke range is 200 mm. A high\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1396714, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:16px'>EXECUTIVE REPORT: MANUFACTURING</header>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:14px'>Manufacturing compliance</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Automated production lines are also exposed to new risks<br>that require new methods of assurance. Stuxnet has shown<br>that sophisticated attackers may compromise production<br>systems potentially causing unpredictable effects.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Cyber attacks against machinery are an emerging<br>issue: they are known to be possible and have occurred,<br>however, there is very little information available<br>regarding frequency. Equally, at the moment, it is not<br>possible to accurately quantify what the consequences<br>of an attack may be. Engineers responsible for<br>evaluating cyber attacks against machinery must use<br>their best judgement. Given the resources of attackers<br>and the ease by which attacks can be launched, it<br>would be prudent to consider that attacks are likely to<br>occur at least once during the lifetime of machinery.<br>Computer controlled machinery that may be subject to<br>malicious input has safety implications that need to be<br>considered as part of a safety assurance programme.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>IEC 61508 is a standard commonly applied to assure<br>the safe functioning of equipment. The consideration of<br>safety, from the conception of the system through the<br>entire life cycle, as well as striving to reduce risks to a<br>level as low as practically possible, are very relevant to<br>protecting against information security risks. Edition 2.0<br>of the standard specifies that security should be taken<br>into consideration as part of hazard and risk analysis.<br>The process of identifying mitigation strategies to protect<br>against risks is the same for both security and safety.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>IEC 62443 describes how organisations can implement<br>cyber security management systems to create a regime<br>appropriate for ICS. This standard also considers cyber<br>security as a health and safety issue, describing how<br>risks to safety can be evaluated alongside information<br>security risk to prioritise which require addressing first.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The materials that enter the manufacturing chain also<br>need assuring to the required standard. Traditionally,<br>this has been the role of quality control. In the case<br>where components contain computer code, ensuring<br>that this code meets requirements and does not<br>contain any faulty or malicious functionality is vital.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In many cases, manufacturers trust their suppliers<br>to supply computer code that is fit for purpose.<br>Where a higher degree of assurance is required,<br>purchasers can source components that contain<br>software that has been certified to have been<br>produced to a formal security standard, such as<br>ISO 15408, also known as the Common Criteria.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This standard allows organisations to define certain<br>security properties for a target, how these properties<br>have been evaluated and the depth of rigor of the<br>evaluation. Although this does not ensure a product<br>is completely secure, it does provide a framework<br>from which companies can determine if products<br>meet their particular security requirements.</p>\n<footer id='9' style='font-size:20px'>10</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 25715, "type": "text", "content": "# Pacific Pattern Technologies\n\n\n \n\n# Quality Manual\n\n\n\u2022 Verify that all Design Outputs have been completed and distributed \naccordingly\u2026\n\n\nT hese items are all initialed when approved and recorded in the WCN system \n(QSP 7.1.1).\n\n\n# 7.1.3 Risk Management\n\n\n \n\nRisks are managed according to the Risk Management procedure (QSP-713). \nThe process of risk management includes;\n\n\n \n\n\u25aa Assigning responsibility for risk management \n\u25aa Defining risk criteria \n\u25aa Identification, assessment and communication of risks \n\u25aa Identification, implementation and management of actions to minimize risks\n\n\n \n\n# 7.1.4 Project Plan\n\n\nProjects are planned and outlined into key stages of production using the Work \nInstruction within the WCN system. These stages are used to update customers \nand personnel on the status of each stage via a milestone graph in accordance \nwith (QSP 711) Work Change Notification System.\n\n\n \n\n# 7.1.5 Customer Interaction\n\n\n \n\nCustomer satisfaction is our number one goal and concern. We have implemented\nsteps \nto monitor and ensure satisfaction defined in detail in (QSP-720) Customer\nFocus.\n\n\n \n\nThe WCN system is designed for complete interaction with our customers\nthroughout \ntheir project. Our customers are updated with the following:\n\n\n\u2022 PO acceptance\n\n\n\u2022 PO and Delivery Status\n\n\n\u2022 Schedule and Delays\n\n\n\u2022 Design Review\n\n\n\u2022 Design Approval\n\n\n\u2022 Progress\n\n\n\u2022 Verification, FAI and CMM Results\n\n\nQM-AS9100C Quality Manual \u2013 Rev-A \nDate printed 8/27/19 2:26 PM\n\n\n \nPage 27 of 42\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1283410, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='56' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Section/Clause</td><td>Particular requirement Yes/No</td><td>Comment/Requirement</td></tr><tr><td>provided processes, products and services</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8.4.1</td><td>Y</td><td>Verify existence of Approved Supplier List or equivalent. Confirm \u2018scope of approval\u2019 covers maintaining Manufacturer\u2019s identification and lot traceability. Confirm evidence of Supplier performance monitoring & corrective actions to NC\u2019s etc. Verify effectiveness of processes in preventing purchase of counterfeit/non-conforming fasteners. Confirm responsibility for quality understood. Check for inspection of delivery documentation by competent person.</td></tr><tr><td>8.4.2</td><td>Y</td><td>For purchased product, confirm verification, review & inspection processes are effective & inspection and testing regimes conform to specified requirements including sampling as appropriate.</td></tr><tr><td>8.4.3</td><td>Y</td><td>Check that purchasing requests are adequate. Verify sample of PO\u2019s for acceptability (e.g. 10% over past 3 months).</td></tr><tr><td>8.5 Production and service provision</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8.5.1</td><td>Y</td><td>Check environmental conditions are suitable as part of in process audit.</td></tr><tr><td>8.5.2</td><td>Y</td><td>Verify arrangements for identification and traceability of fasteners at all process stages including documentation such as test certificates. Pay special attention to split batches. Cover during process review and check that relevant documented information is in place, identifiable and traceable.</td></tr><tr><td>8.5.3</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8.5.4</td><td>Y</td><td>Cover during process review. Assess processes for adequacy and processes employed for preservation of fasteners at all stages are effective.</td></tr><tr><td>8.5.5</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8.5.6</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8.6 Release of products and services</td><td>Y</td><td>Verify effective compliance with inspection and sample testing requirements in BCSA\u2019s Model Specification. Confirm property requirements are suitably defined and documented, and acceptance criteria and test results are on record etc. Determine that CoC\u2019s/test certificates meet Customer specific requirements and that the minimum information is recorded on original test documents when splitting batches to assure traceability etc. Check records for split product.</td></tr><tr><td>8.7 Control of nonconforming outputs</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8.7.1</td><td>Y</td><td>Check processes in place for dealing with NCP including notification of appropriate parties and withdrawal, recall and disposal processes. Confirm that NCP follows one of the five approved routes for disposal. Look for approved rework instructions. Scrap</td></tr></table>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I ssue 4 [9001:2015]</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Page 36 of 49</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NHSS 3: 30 June 2021</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 25757, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='66' style='font-size:20px'>Pacific Pattern Technologies</h1>\n<br><h1 id='67' style='font-size:16px'>Quality Manual</h1>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Verify that all Design Outputs have been completed and distributed<br>accordingly\u2026</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T hese items are all initialed when approved and recorded in the WCN system<br>(QSP 7.1.1).</p>\n<h1 id='70' style='font-size:16px'>7.1.3 Risk Management</h1>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Risks are managed according to the Risk Management procedure (QSP-713).<br>The process of risk management includes;</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25aa Assigning responsibility for risk management<br>\u25aa Defining risk criteria<br>\u25aa Identification, assessment and communication of risks<br>\u25aa Identification, implementation and management of actions to minimize risks</p>\n<br><h1 id='73' style='font-size:18px'>7.1.4 Project Plan</h1>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Projects are planned and outlined into key stages of production using the Work<br>Instruction within the WCN system. These stages are used to update customers<br>and personnel on the status of each stage via a milestone graph in accordance<br>with (QSP 711) Work Change Notification System.</p>\n<br><h1 id='75' style='font-size:18px'>7.1.5 Customer Interaction</h1>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Customer satisfaction is our number one goal and concern. We have implemented steps<br>to monitor and ensure satisfaction defined in detail in (QSP-720) Customer Focus.</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The WCN system is designed for complete interaction with our customers throughout<br>their project. Our customers are updated with the following:</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 PO acceptance</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 PO and Delivery Status</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Schedule and Delays</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Design Review</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Design Approval</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Progress</p>\n<p id='84' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Verification, FAI and CMM Results</p>\n<footer id='85' style='font-size:14px'>QM-AS9100C Quality Manual \u2013 Rev-A<br>Date printed 8/27/19 2:26 PM</footer>\n<br><footer id='86' style='font-size:18px'>Page 27 of 42</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1459363, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:16px'>Health and Safety<br>Executive</header>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>for retrofit actions:</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u25a0 that the wider implications of any proposed change are fully assessed prior to<br>implementation;<br>\u25a0 that an improvement system/plan, with a reasonable timescale, drives plant<br>retrofit;<br>\u25a0 that there is a phased/prioritised programme of modification; and<br>\u25a0 how often an isolation is done at the lesser security before being remedied.</p>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:20px'>Planning and preparation of equipment</h1>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>142 Adequate planning:</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u25a0 enables task-specific risk assessments to be made and actioned;<br>\u25a0 identifies whether a larger section of the plant might need to be shut down or<br>the work deferred;<br>\u25a0 identifies interaction with other sections of plant subject to temporary isolation;<br>\u25a0 involves sequencing and co-ordination of intrusive work with other plant<br>operations;<br>\u25a0 includes a \u2018walk-the-plant\u2019 step, to check that the installation matches the P&ID<br>and, especially, that all isolation points have been identified and are accessible/<br>can be operated, etc;<br>\u25a0 ensures preparation and co-ordination of job documentation such as risk<br>assessments, method statements, permits and isolation certificates, for<br>example by the assembly of work \u2018packs\u2019;<br>\u25a0 ensures cross-referencing of relevant permits; and<br>\u25a0 enables all necessary tools, equipment, materials, etc (including any additional<br>personal protective equipment required for those installing and removing<br>positive isolations) to be available at the worksite at the start of the job.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>An example</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>During replacement of a heat exchanger, a vent line linking the system to a<br>second reactor was not identified during risk assessment or during installation of<br>the isolations. No reference had been made to P&IDs, even although the plant<br>was congested and spread over several floors. Because of the failure to isolate<br>the vent line, a substantial release of hydrogen bromide gas occurred when the<br>line was opened.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P&IDs should be used to plan isolations. Always check that they reflect the as-<br>installed equipment. You should also walk the system to be isolated to ensure<br>that there are no unauthorised modifications, or temporary interconnections eg<br>by hoses.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>143 Where operation of other parts of the plant can affect the integrity of an isolation,<br>you should prevent operation of relevant systems as part of the isolation procedure.<br>The effect of such inhibition of plant operation should be clearly understood and<br>communicated to all parties operating the plant before the isolation is installed.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>144 Company standards should set out your arrangements for assessing,<br>authorising and controlling overrides to safety-related systems (eg emergency<br>shutdown systems) during isolation activities. Any such overrides, and any<br>additional safety measures required while these systems are shut down, should be<br>justified by risk assessment. You should not disable fire and gas detection systems<br>and emergency shutdown systems simply to prevent spurious shutdowns. This<br>could have wider implications. Inhibition may be appropriate, for example, where<br>the operation of a fire-fighting system (eg use of carbon dioxide or inert gas in a<br>confined space) during isolation/intrusive activity would put workers at risk.</p>\n<footer id='11' style='font-size:14px'>The safe isolation of plant and equipment</footer>\n<br><footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>Page 31 of 81</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 73422, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='31' style='font-size:20px'>What\u2019s in the<br>package?</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='32' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(780,248); bottom-right:(1885,787)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='index' style='font-size:14px'>1. Table mould production facility and manufacturing<br>equipment<br>2. Preparation of the surface plate<br>2.1 Alternative method / Preparation of the surface plate<br>3. Making a table mould frame<br>4. Attaching the table mould body to the surface plate<br>5. Installing chassis beams and hydraulic cylinders<br>6. Installation of sides and tip rail<br>7. Checking the quality of the finished table mold<br>8. Table mold painting<br>9. Installation of vibrating cylinders and hydraulics<br>10. Spot painting and other finishing</p>\n<br><h1 id='34' style='font-size:16px'>Example from tilting table package</h1>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1396698, "type": "text", "content": "EXECUTIVE REPORT: MANUFACTURING\n\n\n# Manufacturing compliance\n\n\nAutomated production lines are also exposed to new risks \nthat require new methods of assurance. Stuxnet has shown \nthat sophisticated attackers may compromise production \nsystems potentially causing unpredictable effects.\n\n\nCyber attacks against machinery are an emerging \nissue: they are known to be possible and have occurred, \nhowever, there is very little information available \nregarding frequency. Equally, at the moment, it is not \npossible to accurately quantify what the consequences \nof an attack may be. Engineers responsible for \nevaluating cyber attacks against machinery must use \ntheir best judgement. Given the resources of attackers \nand the ease by which attacks can be launched, it \nwould be prudent to consider that attacks are likely to \noccur at least once during the lifetime of machinery. \nComputer controlled machinery that may be subject to \nmalicious input has safety implications that need to be \nconsidered as part of a safety assurance programme.\n\n\nIEC 61508 is a standard commonly applied to assure \nthe safe functioning of equipment. The consideration of \nsafety, from the conception of the system through the \nentire life cycle, as well as striving to reduce risks to a \nlevel as low as practically possible, are very relevant to \nprotecting against information security risks. Edition 2.0 \nof the standard specifies that security should be taken \ninto consideration as part of hazard and risk analysis. \nThe process of identifying mitigation strategies to protect \nagainst risks is the same for both security and safety.\n\n\n \n\nIEC 62443 describes how organisations can implement \ncyber security management systems to create a regime \nappropriate for ICS. This standard also considers cyber \nsecurity as a health and safety issue, describing how \nrisks to safety can be evaluated alongside information \nsecurity risk to prioritise which require addressing first.\n\n\nThe materials that enter the manufacturing chain also \nneed assuring to the required standard. Traditionally, \nthis has been the role of quality control. In the case \nwhere components contain computer code, ensuring \nthat this code meets requirements and does not \ncontain any faulty or malicious functionality is vital.\n\n\nIn many cases, manufacturers trust their suppliers \nto supply computer code that is fit for purpose. \nWhere a higher degree of assurance is required, \npurchasers can source components that contain \nsoftware that has been certified to have been \nproduced to a formal security standard, such as \nISO 15408, also known as the Common Criteria.\n\n\nThis standard allows organisations to define certain \nsecurity properties for a target, how these properties \nhave been evaluated and the depth of rigor of the \nevaluation. Although this does not ensure a product \nis completely secure, it does provide a framework \nfrom which companies can determine if products \nmeet their particular security requirements.\n\n\n10\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 73421, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='23' style='font-size:18px'>What\u2019s in the<br>package?</h1>\n<p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a7 Detailed SolidWorks<br>construction drawings for the<br>agreed technology</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a7 Detailed mould drawings for<br>each of the needed moulds, for<br>current and future projects</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a7 Manufacturing supervision and<br>training</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a7</h1>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Price estimate for the complete<br>project implementation.</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a7 Consulting on all issues arising<br>from first production run.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='30' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(802,127); bottom-right:(1850,1005)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given two possible sequences for the production steps, where one sequence allows a faster installation of vibrating cylinders and hydraulics resulting in a potential quality risk, how do you ensure quality checks are incorporated effectively within this sequence?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 726, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 26316, "type": "text", "content": "# * The Apostles\u2019 Creed\n\n\n \n\n# I believe in God, the Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth.\n\n\n \n\nI believe in Jesus Christ, God\u2019s only Son, our Lord, \nwho was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary, \nsuffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; \nhe descended to the dead. On the third day he rose again; \nhe ascended into heaven, he is seated at the right hand of the Father, \nand he will come to judge the living and the dead.\n\n\n \n\nI believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic church, \nthe communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, \nthe resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen.\n\n\n \n8\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2425131, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;<br>he suffered death and was buried.<br>On the third day he rose again<br>in accordance with the Scriptures;<br>he ascended into heaven<br>and is seated at the right hand of the Father.<br>He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom<br>will have no end.</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>W e believe in the Holy Spirit,<br>the Lord, the giver of life,<br>who proceeds from the Father and the Son,<br>who with the Father and the Son is worshipped and glorified, who has spoken<br>through the prophets.<br>We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.<br>We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.<br>We look for the resurrection of the dead,<br>and the life of the world to come.<br>Amen.</p>\n<h1 id='65' style='font-size:20px'>P rayers of Intercession</h1>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sit</p>\n<table id='67' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td>Lord, in your mercy</td></tr><tr><td>All</td><td>Hear our prayer.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>And at the end</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Merciful Father,</td></tr><tr><td>All</td><td>accept these prayers</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>for the sake of your Son,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>our Saviour Jesus Christ. Amen.</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='68' style='font-size:20px'>The Peace</h1>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Stand</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The president may introduce the Peace with one of these or another sentence</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>G od is love and those who live in love live in God<br>and God lives in them.</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he peace of the Lord be always with you<br>and also with you.</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>All</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We are not able to shake hands or move from our seat but we can greet each other by<br>turning to our neighbour and offering words or a sign of peace.<br>Let us offer one another a sign of peace.<br>A sign of peace may be shared with those close by.</p>\n<footer id='75' style='font-size:22px'>7</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 26317, "type": "text", "content": "# *Prayers of Intercession\n\n\n \n\nAfter each petition: \nL Lord, in your mercy, \nC hear our prayer.\n\n\n# * Peace\n\n\n \n\nP The peace of Christ be with you always. \nC And also with you. \nYou are invited to share God\u2019s peace with those around you.\n\n\nO ffering of Our Gifts \nMusic at the Offering: \n\u201cThanks Be to Thee\u201d\n\n\n \n\n# G. F. Handel\n\n\n# * Thanksgiving for the Word\n\n\n \n\nP Holy God, our Maker, our Teacher, your magnificent creation springs \nforth from your Word. All that has life and breath praises your name. \nFor your Word that sustain the earth, \nC we thank you, O God.\n\n\n \n\nYou sent us Jesus, your Word, to renew the world. He healed the sick, \nfed the hungry, preached your mercy, and called us to faith. \nFor your Word in Christ,\n\n\n \n\n# C we thank you, O God.\n\n\nC\n\n\n \n\nNourish us with the Spirit of your Word, that we may grow in grace, \nbearing the fruits of redemption, and sharing your strength and beauty \nwith the world. For your Word in our lives, \nwe thank you, O God.\n\n\n \n\nAccept our thanksgiving and receive our prayer, \nfor the sake of your living Word, Jesus our Savior.\n\n\n \n\n# C Amen.\n\n\n9\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 26319, "type": "text", "content": "# *Dismissal\n\n\n \n\nL Go in peace. Serve the Lord. \nC Thanks be to God.\n\n\n# P ostlude \u2014 Processional in A Major\n\n\n \n\n# David N. Johnson\n\n\n# \\+ + +\n\n\n11\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 26318, "type": "text", "content": "# *The Lord\u2019s Prayer\n\n\n \n\n# Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name,\n\n\n \n\nyour kingdom come, your will be done, on earth as in heaven. \nGive us today our daily bread. Forgive us our sins as we forgive those \nwho sin against us. Save us from the time of trial and deliver us from evil. \nFor the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours, now and forever. Amen.\n\n\n# *Blessing\n\n\n \n\n# Response: C Amen.\n\n\n \n10\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 682194, "type": "text", "content": "God is praised for the history of faithfulness shown to God\u2019s people. The\ncongregation \nthen joins the celestial choirs and all the faithful of every time and place\nto sing:\n\n\n \n\nHoly, holy, holy Lord, God of power and might, \nHeaven and earth are full of your glory. \nHosanna in the highest. \nBlessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord. \nHosanna in the highest.\n\n\n \n\nT he prayer continues with thanksgiving for the life and work of Jesus Christ.\nThe \nWords of Institution are recalled. The elements are set apart for their sacred\nuse, and \nwe offer ourselves to God\u2019s service. Then, this response:\n\n\n \n\nA ccording to His commandment: \nWe remember his death, \nWe proclaim his resurrection, \nWe await his coming in glory.\n\n\n \n\nT he presence of the Holy Spirit is sought, as well as God\u2019s blessing on our\nlives. The \nprayer concludes with a Trinitarian doxology.\n\n\n \n\nT HE LORD\u2019S PRAYER (Unison) \nOur Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come, thy \nwill be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread.\nAnd \nforgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. And lead us not into\ntemptation, \nbut deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom, and the power and the\nglory \nforever. Amen.\n\n\n \n\n# T HE COMMUNION OF GOD'S PEOPLE\n\n\n \n\nPlease come forward by a side aisle. At the front, take a piece of bread and\ndip the bread \nin the cup before eating. Those unable to come forward will be served in their\nseats.\n\n\n \n\n# P RAYER AFTER COMMUNION\n\n\n \n\nFaithful God, in baptism you have adopted us as your children, made us \nmembers of the body of Christ and chosen us as inheritors of your kingdom: we \nthank you that at the Table you renew your promises within us, empower us by \nyour Spirit to witness and to serve, and send us out as disciples of your Son, \nJesus Christ our Lord. Amen.\n\n\n \n\nAnon. \nOrgan\n\n\n \n\n# * ALL WHO ARE ABLE MAY STAND\n\n\n3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3077759, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We believe in the Holy Spirit,<br>the Lord, the giver of life,<br>who proceeds from the Father and the Son.<br>With the Father and the Son<br>he is worshipped and glorified.<br>He has spoken through the Prophets.<br>We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.<br>We acknowledge one baptism for the<br>forgiveness of sins.<br>We look for the resurrection of the dead,<br>and the life of the world to come. Amen.</p>\n<br><h1 id='43' style='font-size:14px'>I ntercessions: Lord in your mercy, hear our prayer.</h1>\n<br><h1 id='44' style='font-size:14px'>The Peace</h1>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Christ is our peace he has reconciled us to God in one body by the<br>cross; we meet in his name and share his peace!<br>The peace of the Lord be with you always.</p>\n<br><h1 id='46' style='font-size:14px'>And with your spirit</h1>\n<br><h1 id='47' style='font-size:16px'>Offertory Prayers</h1>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Let us pray my brothers and sisters, that our sacrifice may be<br>acceptable to God, the almighty Father.</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>May the Lord accept this sacrifice at your hands,<br>for the praise and glory of his name,<br>for our good and the good of all his holy Church.</p>\n<br><h1 id='50' style='font-size:20px'>T he Eucharistic Prayer</h1>\n<br><h1 id='51' style='font-size:16px'>P rayer over the Gifts</h1>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>May this oblation dedicated to your name<br>purify us, O Lord,<br>and day by day bring our conduct<br>closer to the life of heaven.<br>Through Christ our Lord. Amen</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Lord be with you,<br>and with your spirit.</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Lift up your hearts,<br>we lift them up to the Lord.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3105282, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>the Virgin Mary, and became man.<br>For our sake he was crucified<br>under Pontius Pilate,<br>he suffered death and was buried,<br>and rose again on the third day<br>in accordance with the Scriptures.<br>He ascended into heaven and is seated<br>at the right hand of the Father.<br>He will come again in glory<br>to judge the living and the dead<br>and his kingdom will have no end.<br>I believe in the Holy Spirit,<br>the Lord, the giver of life,<br>who proceeds from the Father and the<br>Son, who with the Father and the Son is<br>adored and glorified,<br>who has spoken through the prophets.<br>I believe in one, holy, catholic<br>and apostolic Church.<br>I confess one Baptism for the<br>forgiveness of sins and I look<br>forward to the +Resurrection of the dead<br>and the life of the world to come. Amen.<br>The Bidding Prayers now follow</p>\n<br><h1 id='89' style='font-size:14px'>R esponse</h1>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: Lord in your mercy<br>People: hear our prayer</p>\n<br><table id='91' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>P riest:</td><td>+Rest eternal grant unto them O Lord</td></tr><tr><td>People:</td><td>and let light perpetual shine upon them</td></tr><tr><td>Priest:</td><td>May they rest in peace</td></tr><tr><td>People:</td><td>Amen</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='92' style='font-size:18px'>P</h1>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>eople: Hail Mary, full of grace, the<br>Lord is with thee. Blessed art<br>thou among women and<br>blessed is the fruit of thy<br>womb, Jesus.<br>Holy Mary, Mother of God<br>pray for us sinners now, and at<br>the hour of our death.</p>\n<br><h1 id='94' style='font-size:20px'>The Liturgy of the Eucharist</h1>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>If the prayers of blessing are said aloud the people<br>respond each time</p>\n<br><h1 id='96' style='font-size:18px'>B lessed be God for ever.</h1>\n<br><h1 id='97' style='font-size:14px'>W e stand</h1>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Pray, my Brothers and Sisters that this<br>my sacrifice and yours may be<br>acceptable to God the almighty Father<br>May the Lord accept the sacrifice at<br>your hands for the praise and glory<br>of his name, for our good and the<br>good of all his holy Church.</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he prayer over the Offerings</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>R eceive, O Lord, the sacrifice of<br>conciliation and praise and grant that,<br>cleansed by its action, we may make<br>offering of a heart pleasing to you.<br>Through Christ our Lord.<br>Amen.</p>\n<p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he Eucharistic Prayer</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: The Lord be with you<br>People: And with your spirit<br>Priest: Lift up your hearts<br>People: We lift them up to the Lord.<br>Priest: Let us give thanks to the Lord<br>our God.</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>People: It is right and just<br>The Preface follows, at the end of the preface we<br>say</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>H oly, holy, holy Lord God of hosts.<br>Heaven and earth are full of your<br>glory. Hosanna in the highest.<br>Blessed is he who comes in the<br>name of the Lord. Hosanna in the<br>highest.</p>\n<p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W e Kneel</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he Priest continues with the Eucharistic Prayer.</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A fter the words of Consecration the priest says:</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: The mystery of faith.<br>People Save us saviour of the world<br>for by your Cross and<br>Resurrection you have<br>set us free</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>At the conclusion of the prayer:</p>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Through him, and with him, and in him<br>O God, almighty Father, in the unity of<br>the Holy Spirit, all glory and honour is<br>yours, for ever and ever.<br>People: AMEN.</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Lord\u2019s Prayer<br>We stand</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: At the Saviour\u2019s command<br>and formed by divine<br>teaching, we dare to say:</p>\n<br><table id='113' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>P eople:</td><td>Our Father, who</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>art in heaven, hallowed be thy name; thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Deliver us, Lord, we evil,</td></tr><tr><td>P riest:</td><td>pray, from every graciously grant peace in our days, that, by the help of your mercy, we may be always free from sin and safe from all distress, as we await the blessed hope and the coming of our Saviour, Jesus Christ.</td></tr><tr><td>P eople</td><td>For the kingdom, the power and the glory are yours now and for ever.</td></tr><tr><td>P riest:</td><td>Lord Jesus Christ, who said to your Apostles: Peace I leave you, my peace I give you; look not on our sins, but on the faith of your Church, and graciously grant her peace and unity in accordance with your will. Who live and reign for ever and ever.</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">People: Amen.</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: The peace of the Lord be</p>\n<br><h1 id='115' style='font-size:18px'>with you always.</h1>\n<br><h1 id='116' style='font-size:18px'>People: And with your spirit.</h1>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>People: Lamb of God, you take away<br>the sins of the world,<br>have mercy on us.<br>Lamb of God, you take away<br>the sins of the world,<br>have mercy on us.<br>Lamb of God, you take away<br>the sins of the world,<br>grant us peace.</p>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he Breaking of the Bread</p>\n<br><h1 id='119' style='font-size:14px'>We kneel</h1>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: +Behold the Lamb of God,<br>behold him who takes away<br>the sins of the world.<br>Blessed are those called to<br>the supper of the Lamb.</p>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P eople: Lord, I am not worthy that<br>you should enter under my<br>roof, but only say the word<br>and my soul shall be healed.</p>\n<h1 id='122' style='font-size:14px'>T he Communion Sentence</h1>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: The eyes of all look to you, Lord,<br>and you give them their food in<br>due season.</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W e come forward to receive Holy Communion</p>\n<p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he Post Communion prayer<br>We stand</p>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P riest: Renewed and nourished by the<br>Sacred Body and Precious<br>Blood of your Son, we ask of<br>your mercy, O Lord, that what<br>we celebrate with constant<br>Devotion may be our sure<br>pledge of redemption.<br>Through Christ our Lord.<br>People: Amen</p>\n<p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A ny Notices etc may follow now.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 26320, "type": "text", "content": "12\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 43149, "type": "text", "content": "seen and unseen. \nWe believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, \nthe only Son of God, \neternally begotten of the Father, \nGod from God, Light from Light, \ntrue God from true God, \nbegotten, not made, \nof one Being with the Father; \nthrough him all things were made. \nFor us and for our salvation he came down from heaven, \nwas incarnate from the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary \nand was made man. \nFor our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate; \nhe suffered death and was buried. \nOn the third day he rose again \nin accordance with the Scriptures; \nhe ascended into heaven \nand is seated at the right hand of the Father. \nHe will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, \nand his kingdom will have no end. \nWe believe in the Holy Spirit, \nthe Lord, the giver of life, \nwho proceeds from the Father and the Son, \nwho with the Father and the Son is worshipped and glorified, \nwho has spoken through the prophets. \nWe believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church. \nWe acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. \nWe look for the resurrection of the dead, \nand the life of the world to come. \nAmen.\n\n\n \n\nI NTERCESSIONS \nA member of the congregation offers prayers.\n\n\n# P EACE\n\n\n \n\nThe celebrant introduces the Peace with a suitable sentence:\n\n\n \n\nThe peace of the Lord be always with you, \nand also with you.\n\n\nL et us offer one another a sign of peace.\n\n\nA ll exchange an appropriate sign of peace.\n\n\n# H YMN 506\n\n\n1 The church\u2019s one foundation \nis Jesus Christ her Lord; \nshe is his new creation \nby water and the word: \nfrom heaven he came and sought her \nto be his holy Bride; \nwith his own blood he bought her, \nand for her life he died.\n\n\n2 Elect from every nation, \nyet one o\u2019er all the earth, \nher charter of salvation \none Lord, one faith, one birth; \none holy name she blesses, \npartakes one holy food, \nand to one hope she presses \nwith every grace endued.\n\n\n3 Though with a scornful wonder \nmen see her sore opprest, \nby schisms rent asunder, \nby heresies distrest; \nyet saints their watch are keeping, \ntheir cry goes up, \u2018How long?\u2019 \nAnd soon the night of weeping \nshall be the morn of song.\n\n\n4 \u2018Mid toil and tribulation, \nand tumult of her war, \nshe waits the consummation\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Taking into account the Creed's elements regarding communal faith such as the holy catholic church and communion of saints, explain how these underpin the communal aspects in the prayer and peace exchange of the liturgical service.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 727, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["textual reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 121945, "type": "text", "content": "Dividend Decision\n\n\n \n103\n\n\n$$\\begin{array}{c}{{\\mathrm{P_{1}~=~{\\mathcal{I}}}}}\\\\\\\n{{\\mathrm{15={\\frac{0+\\mathrm{P}_{1}}{1+\\mathrm{P}_{0}}}}}}\\\\\\\n{{\\mathrm{0}~+\\mathrm{P_{1}~=~{\\frac{15}{15}}}\\times1.20}}\\\\\\\n{{\\mathrm{0}~+\\mathrm{P_{1}~=~{\\mathrm{RS}}}\\cdot{\\mathrm{13}}.}}\\end{array}$$\n\n\n \n\nExercise 2\n\n\n \n\nRam company belongs to a risk class for which the appropriate capitalization\nrate is \n12%. It currently has outstanding 30000 shares selling at Rs. 100 each. The\nfirm is \ncontemplating the declaration of dividend of Rs. 6 per share at the end of the\ncurrent \nfinancial year. The company expects to have a net income of Rs. 3,00,000 and a\nproposal \nfor making new investments of Rs. 6,00,000. Show that under the MM\nassumptions, the \npayment of dividend does not affect the value of the firm. How many new shares\nissued \nand what is the market value at the end of the year?\n\n\nSolution\n\n\n \n\n$$\\mathbf{p}_{o}={\\begin{array}{l}{\\mathbf{\\mu_{i}}+\\mathbf{P}_{\\mathrm{b}}}\\\\\\\n{\\mathbf{1}+\\mathbf{K}_{\\mathrm{{c}}}}\\end{array}}$$\n\n\n \n\nPo = 100\n\n\n \n\nD1 = Rs. 6\n\n\n \n\nP1 = ?\n\n\n \n\nKe = 12%\n\n\n \n\n(cid:16) + (cid:7)\n\n\n \n\n(cid:1)\n\n\n \n\n100 =\n\n\n \n\n(cid:1) + (cid:1)(cid:11)(cid:17)\n\n\n \n\n(cid:16) + (cid:7)\n\n\n \n\n100 =\n\n\n \n\n(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:11)\n\n\n \n\n6 + P1 = 112\n\n\n \n\nP1 = 112 \u2013 6\n\n\n \n\nP1 = Rs. 106\n\n\n \n\nDividend is not declared \nKe = 12%, Po = 100, D1 = 0, P1 = ?\n\n\n$$100\\;=\\;\\frac{0\\;+\\;\\mathrm{P}_{1}}{1\\;+\\;12\\,\\gamma_{0}}$$\n\n\n \n\n$$100\\;=\\;\\frac{0\\;+\\;\\mathrm{P}_{1}}{1.12}$$\n\n\n \n\n$$\\mathrm{P}_{1}\\;=\\;\\mathrm{R.s.}\\;112$$\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 122224, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>104</p>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Financial Management</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Calculation of number of new shares to be issued</p>\n<br><table id='138' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Dividends Paid</td><td>Dividends not Paid</td></tr><tr><td>Net Income</td><td>300000</td><td>300000</td></tr><tr><td>Total Dividends</td><td>180000</td><td>\u2013</td></tr><tr><td>Retained Earnings</td><td>120000</td><td>300000</td></tr><tr><td>Investment Budget</td><td>600000</td><td>600000</td></tr><tr><td>Amount to be raised as new shares (Investment \u2013 Retained Earnings)</td><td>480000</td><td>300000</td></tr><tr><td>Relevant \u2013 Market Price per share</td><td>Rs. 106</td><td>Rs. 112</td></tr><tr><td>No. of new shares to be issued</td><td>4528.3</td><td>2678.6</td></tr><tr><td>Total number of shares at the end of the year</td><td>300000</td><td>30000</td></tr><tr><td>Existing shares</td><td>4528.3</td><td>2678.6</td></tr><tr><td>(+) new shares issued</td><td>34528.3</td><td>32678.6</td></tr><tr><td>Market price per share</td><td>Rs. 106</td><td>112</td></tr><tr><td>Market value for shares</td><td>Rs. 3660000</td><td>3660000</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>There is no change in the total market value of shares whether dividends are distributed<br>or not distributed.</p>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Exercise 3</p>\n<br><p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>ABC Ltd. has a capital of Rs. 10,00,000 in equity shares of Rs. 100 each. The shares<br>are currently quoted at par. The company proposes to declare a dividend of Rs. 10 per<br>share at the end of the current financial year. The capitalization rate for the risk class to<br>which the company belongs is 12%.<br>What will be the MP of the share at the end of the year, if</p>\n<br><p id='142' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>(i) A dividend is not declared.<br>(ii) A dividend is declared.<br>(iii) Assuming that the company pays the dividend and has net profits of Rs. 5,00,000<br>and makes new investments of Rs. 10,00,000 during the period, how many new<br>shares must be issued? Use the MM Model. (C.A Final Nov. 1990)</p>\n<br><p id='143' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Solution</p>\n<br><p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>As per MM Model, the current MP of the share is</p>\n<br><p id='145' data-category='equation'>$$\\mathbf{P}_{0}\\;=\\;{\\frac{\\mathbf{D}_{1}\\;+\\;\\mathbf{P}_{1}}{1\\;+\\;\\mathbf{K}_{e}}}$$</p>\n<br><p id='146' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>(i) If the dividend is not declared</p>\n<br><p id='147' data-category='equation'>$$100\\;=\\;\\frac{0\\;+\\;\\mathrm{P}_{1}}{(1\\;+\\;.12)}$$</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1961067, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Interest rates The impact in the income statement due to changes in interest rates reflects the effect on the Group\u2019s floating rate debt<br>as at the balance sheet date. The impact in equity reflects the fair value movement in relation to the Group\u2019s cross-currency swaps.</p>\n<br><p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Foreign exchange The impact from foreign exchange movements reflects the change in the fair value of the Group\u2019s transactional<br>foreign exchange cash flow hedges at the balance sheet date. The equity impact shown for foreign exchange sensitivity relates to<br>derivatives. This value is expected to be materially offset by the re-translation of the related transactional exposures.</p>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20%</p>\n<br><table id='134' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>2% decrease in interest rates \u00a3m</td><td>2% increase in interest rates \u00a3m</td><td>20% weakening in sterling \u00a3m</td><td>strengthening in sterling \u00a3m</td></tr><tr><td>At 28 March 2020</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Impact\ton\tincome\tstatement:\tgain/(loss)</td><td>3.1</td><td>(1.7)</td><td>\u2013</td><td>\u2013</td></tr><tr><td>Impact\ton\tother\tcomprehensive\tincome:\tgain/(loss)</td><td>26.8</td><td>(19.7)</td><td>212.7</td><td>(212.7)</td></tr><tr><td>At 3 April 2021</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Impact\ton\tincome\tstatement:\t(loss)/gain</td><td>(9.2)</td><td>9.2</td><td>\u2013</td><td>\u2013</td></tr><tr><td>Impact\ton\tother\tcomprehensive\tincome:\t(loss)/gain</td><td>(2.1)</td><td>4.7</td><td>199.4</td><td>(199.4)</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='135' style='font-size:16px'>172 Marks and Spencer Group plc</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1568408, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The following table illustrates the sensitivity of the pro\ufb01 t after tax for the year and the net assets for the year in relation to<br>foreign exchange movements in Euro, NOK and US Dollar. The analysis below assumes that the Euro, NOK and US Dollar<br>exchange rates may move +/-2% against Pounds Sterling.</p>\n<table id='150' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>\u00a3000</td><td>\u00a3000</td></tr><tr><td>Projected movement</td><td>+2%</td><td>-2%</td></tr><tr><td>Effect on net assets for the year</td><td>2,800</td><td>(2,800)</td></tr><tr><td>Effect on capital return</td><td>2,793</td><td>(2,793)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='151' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Financial assets \u2013 Interest rate risk</p>\n<br><p id='152' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The majority of the Company\u2019s \ufb01 nancial assets are equity shares and other investments which neither pay interest nor have<br>a maturity date. The Company\u2019s \ufb01 xed interest holdings have a market value of \u00a3 79,15 3,000, representing 9% of net assets of<br>\u00a3 879,9 40,000 (2015: \u00a378,118,000; 10.34%). The weighted average running yield as at 31 December 2016 was 1.6% (2015: 4.9%)<br>and the weighted average remaining life was 1.9 years (2015: 2.0 years). The Company\u2019s cash balance of \u00a3 17,340,000 (2015:<br>\u00a312,262,000) earns interest, calculated on a tiered basis, depending on the balance held, by reference to the base rate.</p>\n<p id='153' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If the bank base rate had increased by 0.5%, the impact on the pro\ufb01 t or loss and net assets would have been a positive \u00a3 86,700<br>(2015: \u00a361,309). If the bank base rate had decreased by 0.5%, the impact on the pro\ufb01 t or loss and net assets would have been<br>a negative \u00a3 86,700 (2015: negative \u00a361,309). The calculations are based on the cash balances at the respective balance sheet<br>dates and are not representative of the year as a whole.</p>\n<footer id='154' style='font-size:14px'>46 Annual Report & Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 201 6<br>TEMPLE BAR INVESTMENT TRUST PLC</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1807506, "type": "text", "content": " \nTable of Contents\n\n\nITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK\n\n\n \n\n# Interest rate risk\n\n\n \n\nAs of September 30, 2017, our total debt outstanding was $736.3 million. Of\nthis amount, $366.5 million, net of debt discounts, or 50% of our total debt \nobligations, relates to our Convertible Notes that have a fixed coupon rate.\nOur $402.5 million principal amount of Convertible Notes, issued in October \n2014, accrue cash interest at a rate of 1.5% of the principal amount per\nannum. Based on quoted market prices, as of September 30, 2017, the fair value\nof our \nfixed rate Convertible Notes was $550.5 million, compared to a carrying value\nof $366.5 million. Interest expense for these notes, including accretion and \namortization of deferred debt issuance costs, has a weighted average interest\nrate of 4.7% annually. Additionally, $345.0 million, or 47% of our total debt \nobligations, relates to debt borrowings under our Credit Facility and ATM\nFacility. If we were to maximize the potential borrowings available under the \nrevolving credit facility and maintain these borrowings for one year, a 1%\n(100 basis points) increase in the applicable interest rate would result in\nadditional \nannual interest expense to the Company of approximately $6.1 million.\n\n\n \n\nThe remaining $24.8 million, or 3%, of our total debt obligations, is related\nto borrowings by certain subsidiaries to fund, from time to time, working\ncapital \nrequirements. These arrangements generally are due within one year and accrue\ninterest at variable rates.\n\n\n \n\nAdditionally, as of September 30, 2017, we had approximately $14.1 million of\ncapitalized leases with fixed payment and interest terms that expire between \n2017 and 2021.\n\n\n \n\nOur excess cash is invested in instruments with original maturities of three\nmonths or less or in certificates of deposit that may be withdrawn at any time \nwithout penalty; therefore, as investments mature and are reinvested, the\namount we earn will increase or decrease with changes in the underlying short-\nterm \ninterest rates.\n\n\n \n\n# Foreign currency exchange rate risk\n\n\n \n\nFor the first nine months of 2017, approximately 74% of our revenues were\ngenerated in non-U.S. dollar countries and we expect to continue generating a \nsignificant portion of our revenues in countries with currencies other than\nthe U.S. dollar.\n\n\n \n\nWe are particularly vulnerable to fluctuations in exchange rates of the U.S.\ndollar to the currencies of countries in which we have significant operations, \nprimarily the euro, British pound, Australian dollar, Polish zloty, Indian\nrupee, New Zealand dollar, Malaysian ringgit and Hungarian forint. As of \nSeptember 30, 2017, we estimate that a 10% fluctuation in these foreign\ncurrency exchange rates would have the combined annualized effect on reported\nnet \nincome and working capital of approximately $140 million to $145 million. This\neffect is estimated by applying a 10% adjustment factor to our non-U.S. \ndollar results from operations, intercompany loans that generate foreign\ncurrency exchange gains or losses and working capital balances that require \ntranslation from the respective functional currency to the U.S. dollar\nreporting currency.\n\n\n \n\nAdditionally, we have other non-current, non-U.S. dollar assets and\nliabilities on our balance sheet that are translated to the U.S. dollar during\nconsolidation. \nThese items primarily represent goodwill and intangible assets recorded in\nconnection with acquisitions in countries other than the U.S. We estimate that\na \n10% fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates would have a non-cash\nimpact on total comprehensive income of approximately $100 million to \n$105 million as a result of the change in value of these items during\ntranslation to the U.S. dollar. For the fluctuations described above, a\nstrengthening U.S. \ndollar produces a financial loss, while a weakening U.S. dollar produces a\nfinancial gain.\n\n\n \n\nWe believe this quantitative measure has inherent limitations and does not\ntake into account any governmental actions or changes in either customer \npurchasing patterns or our financing or operating strategies. Because a\nmajority of our revenues and expenses is incurred in the functional currencies\nof our \ninternational operating entities, the profits we earn in foreign currencies\nare positively impacted by a weakening of the U.S. dollar and negatively\nimpacted by \na strengthening of the U.S. dollar. Additionally, our debt obligations are\nprimarily in U.S. dollars; therefore, as foreign currency exchange rates\nfluctuate, the \namount available for repayment of debt will also increase or decrease.\n\n\n \n\nWe use derivatives to minimize our exposures related to changes in foreign\ncurrency exchange rates and facilitate foreign currency risk management\nservices \nby writing derivatives to customers. Derivatives are used to manage the\noverall market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rates; however,\nwe do \nnot perform the extensive record-keeping required to account for the\nderivative transactions as hedges. Due to the relatively short duration of the\nderivative \ncontracts, we use the derivatives primarily as economic hedges. Since we do\nnot designate foreign currency derivatives as hedging instruments pursuant to\nthe \naccounting standards, we record gains and losses on foreign exchange\nderivatives in earnings in the period of change.\n\n\n37\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 57252, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Dividends per ordinary share \u2014 US$ cents\n\n\n \n3.2\n\n\n# December 31,\n\n\n \n\n\u2014 \u2014 \u2014 \u2014\n\n\n# Table of Contents\n\n\n# B . Capitalization and Indebtedness\n\n\nThe table below sets forth our capitalization and indebtedness as of March 31,\n2016. This table should be read in conjunction \nwith \u201cItem 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects,\u201d and the unaudited\ncondensed consolidated interim financial statements \nand the related notes thereto, which appear elsewhere in this registration\nstatement.\n\n\n(1) Represents the principal amount of borrowings of $594 million drawn down\nunder the Term Facility (including $32 million of \nunamortized deferred financing costs). Subsequent to March 31, 2016, Indivior\nrepaid an additional $36 million of principal on \nthe Term Facility. There were no outstanding amounts drawn under the Revolving\nCredit Facility. Please see \u201cItem 5.A. \u2014 The \nTerm Facility and Revolving Credit Facility\u201d for a description of our Term\nFacility and our Revolving Credit Facility.\n\n\n(2) At March 31, 2016, $594 million of our borrowings are guaranteed and\nsecured by Indivior Group restricted subsidiaries.\n\n\n(3) Represents Other reserves and Foreign currency translation reserve.\n\n\n( 4) Total capitalization is total borrowings and total shareholders\u2019 deficit.\n\n\nC . Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds\n\n\n# Not applicable.\n\n\n7\n\n\n \n6\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 534824, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='87' style='font-size:14px'>THE EDINBURGH INVESTMENT TRUST PLC / FINANCIAL REVIEW / 65</header>\n<h1 id='88' style='font-size:20px'>Currency exposure</h1>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The fair values of the Company\u2019s monetary items that have currency exposure at 31 March are shown below. Where the Company\u2019s<br>equity investments (which are not monetary items) are priced in a foreign currency, they have been included separately in the analysis so<br>as to show the overall level of exposure.</p>\n<table id='90' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">2020</td><td colspan=\"3\">2019</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>USD \u00a3\u2019000</td><td>CHF \u00a3\u2019000</td><td>EUR \u00a3\u2019000</td><td>USD \u00a3\u2019000</td><td>CHF \u00a3\u2019000</td><td>EUR \u00a3\u2019000</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency exposure on net monetary items</td><td>1,037</td><td>2,041</td><td>580</td><td>1,474</td><td>2,189</td><td>249</td></tr><tr><td>Investments at fair value through profit or loss that are equities</td><td>33,652</td><td>\u2013</td><td>33,593</td><td>52,412</td><td>85,869</td><td>\u2013</td></tr><tr><td>Total net foreign currency exposure</td><td>34,689</td><td>2,041</td><td>34,173</td><td>53,886</td><td>88,058</td><td>249</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The above may not be representative of the exposure to risk during the year, because the levels of foreign currency exposure may change<br>significantly throughout the year.</p>\n<h1 id='92' style='font-size:20px'>Currency sensitivity</h1>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In respect of the Company\u2019s direct foreign currency exposure to investments denominated in currencies, if sterling had weakened by<br>2.8% (2019: 2.8%) for the US dollar, 3.4% (2019: 2.5%) for the Swiss franc and 2.7% (2019: 1.4%) for the Euro during the year, the income<br>statement, capital return and net assets of the Company would have increased by \u00a32.0 million (2019: \u00a33.7 million). Conversely, if sterling<br>had strengthened to the same extent for the currencies mentioned above, the capital return and net assets of the Company would have<br>decreased by the same amount. The exchange rate variances noted above have been based on market volatility in the year, using the<br>standard deviation of sterling\u2019s fluctuation to the applicable currency. This sensitivity takes no account of any impact on the market values<br>of the Company\u2019s investments arising from the foreign currency mix of their respective revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities.</p>\n<h1 id='94' style='font-size:20px'>16.1.2 Interest rate risk</h1>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Interest rate movements will affect the level of income receivable on cash deposits and money market funds, and the interest payable on<br>variable rate borrowings. When the Company has cash balances, they are held on variable rate bank accounts yielding rates of interest<br>dependent on the base rate determined by the custodian, The Bank of New York Mellon.</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company has in place a revolving credit facility (the \u2018facility\u2019), details of which are shown in note 11. The Company uses the facility<br>when required at levels monitored by the Board. At the maximum possible facility gearing of \u00a3150 million, the effect of a 1% increase/<br>decrease in the interest rate would result in a decrease/increase to the Company\u2019s income of \u00a31,500,000 per annum.</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company also has an uncommitted bank overdraft facility which it uses for settlement purposes and interest is dependent on the<br>base rate determined by the custodian. At the year end, no amounts were overdrawn (2019: none).</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company\u2019s debt of \u00a3100 million (2019: \u00a3100 million) of debenture stock is fixed which exposes the Company to changes in market<br>value in the event that the debt is repaid before maturity. Details of the debenture stock interest is shown in note 12, with details of its<br>market value and the affect on net asset value in note 15(b).</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company held one fixed income security during the year (2019: nil), being a short-term zero coupon government bond which, due to<br>its short term to maturity, was recognised as a Cash and Cash Equivalent at the Balance Sheet date.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 515596, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In the first scenario, the market value of a European stock, measured in euros, rises from<br>\u20ac100 in year 1 to \u20ac110 in year 2, an increase of 10 percent. The exchange rate between<br>US dollars and euros, in this scenario, is unchanged at 1.00 in both years. In other<br>words, one euro is worth one US dollar in both years. To convert the euro-denominated<br>value of the European stock into US dollars, multiply by the exchange value of the euro<br>(US dollar price per euro). Because this is 1.00 in both years, the value of the European<br>stock expressed in US dollars is exactly the same as when expressed in euros: $100 in<br>year 1 and $110 in year 2. When the US dollar exchange rate with another country is<br>unchanged between two years, any gain or loss in assets denominated in that country\u2019s<br>currency translates into an identical percentage gain or loss when the value of those<br>assets is expressed in US dollars.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Exchange rates, however, rarely remain unchanged. The second scenario illustrates what<br>happens when a European stock experiences the same 10 percent gain as in the first<br>scenario (\u20ac100 in year 1 to \u20ac110 in year 2), but at the same time, the euro appreciates<br>20 percent against the US dollar. As in the first scenario, in year 1 the market value of<br>European stock expressed in US dollars is $100. In year 2, however, one euro is now<br>worth 1.20 US dollars. To find the US dollar value of the European stock in year 2,<br>multiply \u20ac110 by 1.20 (US dollars per euro) to get $132. The US dollar return on the<br>European stock is now 32 percent\u2014higher than in the first scenario because it accounts<br>for both the stock price gain in euros and the appreciation of the euro relative to the US<br>dollar.</p>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>WORLDWIDE REGULATED OPEN-END FUNDS</footer>\n<br><footer id='13' style='font-size:16px'>17</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2987683, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Item 7A. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk</p>\n<br><h1 id='98' style='font-size:14px'>Market Risk and Credit Risk</h1>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Certain of the Company\u2019s revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities are exposed to the impact of interest<br>rate changes and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and equity markets.</p>\n<br><h1 id='100' style='font-size:14px'>Interest Rate Risk and Credit Risk</h1>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Company has historically managed its net exposure to interest rate changes by utilizing a mixture of<br>variable and fixed rate borrowings to finance the Company\u2019s asset base. In February 2011, the Company<br>entered into two 3.5-year interest rate swaps to hedge changes in the fair value of the first $250 million of<br>its 5.375% senior notes due in 2014. Under the terms of the swaps, the counter-parties will pay the<br>Company a fixed rate of 5.375% and the Company will pay interest at a floating rate of three-month<br>LIBOR plus a fixed spread of 3.726%. The swaps are designated as fair value hedging instruments and<br>are deemed to be perfectly effective in accordance with applicable accounting guidance.</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Interest income generated from the Company\u2019s cash investments as well as invested fiduciary funds will<br>vary with the general level of interest rates.</p>\n<br><h1 id='103' style='font-size:14px'>The Company had the following investments subject to variable interest rates:</h1>\n<br><table id='104' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>(In millions of dollars)</td><td>December 31, 2011</td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents invested in money market funds, certificates of deposit and time deposits</td><td>$ 2,113</td></tr><tr><td>Fiduciary cash and investments</td><td>$ 4,082</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Based on the above balances, if short-term interest rates increased or decreased by 10%, or 12 basis<br>points, over the course of the year, annual interest income, including interest earned on fiduciary funds,<br>would increase or decrease by approximately $5 million.</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In addition to interest rate risk, our cash investments and fiduciary fund investments are subject to<br>potential loss of value due to counterparty credit risk. To minimize this risk, the Company and its<br>subsidiaries invest pursuant to a Board approved investment policy. The policy mandates the preservation<br>of principal and liquidity and requires broad diversification with counterparty limits assigned based<br>primarily on credit rating and type of investment. The Company carefully monitors its cash and fiduciary<br>fund investments and will further restrict the portfolio as appropriate to market conditions. The majority of<br>cash and fiduciary fund investments are invested in short-term bank deposits and liquid money market<br>funds.</p>\n<h1 id='107' style='font-size:14px'>Foreign Currency Risk</h1>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The translated values of revenue and expense from the Company\u2019s international operations are subject to<br>fluctuations due to changes in currency exchange rates. The non-U.S. based revenue that is exposed to<br>foreign exchange fluctuations is approximately 55% of total revenue. We periodically use forward<br>contracts and options to limit foreign currency exchange rate exposure on net income and cash flows for<br>specific, clearly defined transactions arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company<br>has significant revenue generated in foreign locations which is subject to foreign exchange rate<br>fluctuations, in most cases both the foreign currency revenue and expenses are in the functional currency<br>of the foreign location. As such, the U.S. dollar translation of both the revenues and expenses, as well as<br>the potentially offsetting movements of various currencies against the U.S. dollar, generally tends to<br>mitigate the impact on net operating income of foreign currency risk. The Company estimates that a 10%<br>movement of major foreign currencies (Euro, Sterling, Australian dollar and Canadian dollar) in the same<br>direction against the U.S. dollar that held constant over the course of the year would increase or decrease<br>full year net operating income by approximately $50 million.</p>\n<footer id='109' style='font-size:14px'>47</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1517472, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='162' style='font-size:16px'>Sensitivity analysis</h1>\n<br><p id='163' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The following table details the impact on returns and net assets of the Company to changes in the principal drivers of performance,<br>namely investment returns, foreign currencies and interest rates. The calculations are based on the balances at the respective Statement<br>of Financial Position dates and are not representative of the year as a whole.</p>\n<table id='164' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>2017 \u00a3\u2019000</td><td>2016 \u00a3\u2019000</td></tr><tr><td>Investment portfolio</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10% increase in price of investments</td><td>12,369</td><td>11,194</td></tr><tr><td>10% decrease in price of investments</td><td>(12,369)</td><td>(11,194)</td></tr><tr><td>Other assets/liabilities</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interest rate +0.5%</td><td>30</td><td>104</td></tr><tr><td>Interest rate -0.5%</td><td>(30)</td><td>(104)</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign currency</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>US Dollar strengthens by 5% against Sterling</td><td>2,614</td><td>2,103</td></tr><tr><td>US Dollar weakens by 5% against Sterling</td><td>(2,614)</td><td>(2,103)</td></tr><tr><td>Euro strengthens by 5% against Sterling</td><td>1,327</td><td>1,132</td></tr><tr><td>Euro weakens by 5% against Sterling</td><td>(1,327)</td><td>(1,132)</td></tr></table>\n<br><footer id='165' style='font-size:16px'>48</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If the exchange rate change causes the dividends value from US$ cents to GBP pens to increase by 5%, leading to an increase in capitalization by $30 million due to increased investment, what would be the new dividends in GBP and the new total capitalization amount?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 732, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 134846, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>STATEMENT OF JOHN E. HIDLE, P.E.<br>WRGT-TV - Dayton, Ohio<br>PAGE 2</h1>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>BLANKETING AND INTERMODULATION INTERFERENCE</h1>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Other broadcast and non-broadcast facilities are either co-located with, or located<br>within 10 km of the proposed WRGT-TV site. The applicant does recognize its<br>responsibility to remedy complaints of interference that might result from this proposal in<br>accordance with applicable Rules.</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>RADIO FREQUENCY IMPACT, SAFETY & STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The licensee of WRGT-TV is committed to the protection of station personnel and/or<br>tower contractors working in the vicinity of the WRGT-TV antenna and will reduce power<br>or cease operation, when necessary, to ensure protection to personnel.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As shown in Appendix A the proposed WRGT-TV channel 36 post-transition interim<br>STA facility proposed herein will operate with a maximum ERP of 197.8 kW from an<br>elliptically polarized directional transmitting antenna with a centerline height of 343 meters<br>above ground level (AGL). Considering the elevation pattern submitted elsewhere in this<br>application, the vertical plane relative field factor is less than 0.100 at all depression angles<br>greater than 7 degrees. The proposed WRGT-TV STA facility is predicted to produce a<br>worst-case power density at two meters above ground level, at 353 meters from the tower<br>base, of 0.998 \u00b5W/cm2, which is 0.25% of the FCC guideline value of 403.33 \u00b5W/cm2 for<br>an \u201cuncontrolled\u201d environment, and 0.050% of the FCC\u2019s guideline value for \"controlled\"<br>environments. Therefore, pursuant to Section 1.1307(b)(3) of the FCC Rules, because the<br>proposed facility would not exceed 5% of the uncontrolled and controlled exposure limits,<br>the proposal\u2019s power density contribution is considered insignificant.</p>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>T. Jones Corporation Corporation<br>Carl T.<br>Carl<br>Jones<br>7901 Yarnwood Court, Springfield, Virginia 22153-2899 (703) 569-7704 Fax: (703) 569-6417 569-6417<br>569-7704<br>Springfield,<br>Court,<br>Yarnwood<br>(703)<br>Fax:<br>7901<br>22153-2899<br>Virginia<br>(703)</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2298243, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='40' style='font-size:18px'>Page 4</header>\n<br><h1 id='41' style='font-size:18px'>KUVE-CD Tucson (October 2017)</h1>\n<h1 id='42' style='font-size:16px'>Facilities Proposed</h1>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The proposed operation will be on Channel 36 with a maximum lobe effective radiated power of 15<br>kilowatts (H pol) and 4.5 kilowatts (V pol). Operation is proposed with a Dielectric TLP-12M/VP<br>antenna, which will be mounted on an existing tower at the Tucson Mountain communications site,<br>with FCC Antenna Structure Registration Number 1218272.</p>\n<h1 id='44' style='font-size:16px'>RF Exposure Calculations</h1>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The power density calculations shown below were made using the techniques outlined in OET<br>Bulletin No. 65. \"Ground level\" calculations in this report have been made at a reference height<br>of 2 meters above ground to provide a worst-case estimate of exposure for persons standing on<br>the ground in the vicinity of the tower. The equation shown below was used to calculate the ground<br>level power density figures from each antenna.</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='equation'>$$S(\\mu W/c m^{2})=\\frac{33.40981\\times A d j E R P(W a t t s)}{D^{2}}$$</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Where: AdjERP(Watts) is the maximum lobe effective radiated power times the element<br>pattern factor times the array pattern factor.</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D is the distance in meters from the center of radiation to the calculation point.</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Power density levels produced by the proposed facility were calculated for an elevation of 2 meters<br>above ground using the manufacturer\u2019s vertical plane pattern for the elliptically-polarized Dielectric<br>TLP-12M/VP antenna proposed in this application. The highest calculated power density from the<br>proposed antenna alone occurs at a point 10 meters from the base of the antenna support<br>structure. At this point the power density is calculated to be 28.5 \u00b5W/cm\u00b2, which is 7.1% of 401.3<br>\u00b5W/cm\u00b2 (the FCC maximum for uncontrolled environments at the Channel 36 frequency).</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transmitter site on Tucson Mountain is remotely located atop a steep peak. Road access is<br>restricted by locked gates. Advisory signs are posted throughout the site, on the transmitter<br>buildings, at the tower bases, and along the access road. Pursuant to OET Bulletin No. 65, all</p>\n<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Hatfield & Dawson Consulting Engineers</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2411080, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Antenna<br>Technical Data</p>\n<br><table id='25' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Section</td><td>Question</td><td>Response</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">Antenna Type</td><td>Antenna Type</td><td>Directional Custom</td></tr><tr><td>Do you have an Antenna ID?</td><td>Yes</td></tr><tr><td>Antenna ID</td><td>43004</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"7\">Antenna Manufacturer and Model</td><td>Manufacturer:</td><td>DIE</td></tr><tr><td>Model</td><td>TFU-24DSB-M (C)</td></tr><tr><td>Rotation</td><td>0 degrees</td></tr><tr><td>Electrical Beam Tilt</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Mechanical Beam Tilt</td><td>Not Applicable</td></tr><tr><td>toward azimuth</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Polarization</td><td>Horizontal</td></tr><tr><td>DTV and DTS: Elevation Pattern</td><td>Does the proposed antenna propose elevation radiation patterns that vary with azimuth for reasons other than the use of mechanical beam tilt?</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Uploaded file for elevation antenna (or radiation) pattern data</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Directional Antenna Relative Field Values (Pre-rotated Pattern)</p>\n<br><table id='27' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>0.995</td><td>90</td><td>0.28</td><td>180</td><td>0.393</td><td>270</td><td>0.976</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>0.985</td><td>100</td><td>0.197</td><td>190</td><td>0.502</td><td>280</td><td>0.944</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>0.94</td><td>110</td><td>0.184</td><td>200</td><td>0.599</td><td>290</td><td>0.918</td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>0.865</td><td>120</td><td>0.226</td><td>210</td><td>0.688</td><td>300</td><td>0.901</td></tr><tr><td>40</td><td>0.775</td><td>130</td><td>0.257</td><td>220</td><td>0.778</td><td>310</td><td>0.895</td></tr><tr><td>50</td><td>0.684</td><td>140</td><td>0.227</td><td>230</td><td>0.873</td><td>320</td><td>0.908</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>0.593</td><td>150</td><td>0.183</td><td>240</td><td>0.951</td><td>330</td><td>0.921</td></tr><tr><td>70</td><td>0.497</td><td>160</td><td>0.194</td><td>250</td><td>0.993</td><td>340</td><td>0.942</td></tr><tr><td>80</td><td>0.392</td><td>170</td><td>0.278</td><td>260</td><td>0.998</td><td>350</td><td>0.974</td></tr></table>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Additional Azimuths</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Degree VA A</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>257 1</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2209193, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Antenna<br>Technical Data</p>\n<br><table id='23' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Section</td><td>Question</td><td>Response</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">Antenna Type</td><td>Antenna Type</td><td>Directional Custom</td></tr><tr><td>Do you have an Antenna ID?</td><td>Yes</td></tr><tr><td>Antenna ID</td><td>24166</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"7\">Antenna Manufacturer and Model</td><td>Manufacturer:</td><td>SWR</td></tr><tr><td>Model</td><td>SWLP16BF</td></tr><tr><td>Rotation</td><td>105 degrees</td></tr><tr><td>Electrical Beam Tilt</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Mechanical Beam Tilt</td><td>Not Applicable</td></tr><tr><td>toward azimuth</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Polarization</td><td>Horizontal</td></tr><tr><td>Elevation Radiation Pattern</td><td>Does the proposed antenna propose elevation radiation patterns that vary with azimuth for reasons other than the use of mechanical beam tilt?</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"></td><td>Uploaded file for elevation antenna (or radiation) pattern data</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Out-of-Channel Emission Mask:</td><td>Full Service</td></tr></table>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Directional Antenna Relative Field Values (Pre-rotated Pattern)</p>\n<br><table id='25' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td><td>Degree</td><td>Value</td></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>0.39</td><td>90</td><td>0.69</td><td>180</td><td>0.29</td><td>270</td><td>0.69</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>0.43</td><td>100</td><td>0.51</td><td>190</td><td>0.27</td><td>280</td><td>0.85</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>0.54</td><td>110</td><td>0.34</td><td>200</td><td>0.21</td><td>290</td><td>0.96</td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>0.69</td><td>120</td><td>0.23</td><td>210</td><td>0.17</td><td>300</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>40</td><td>0.84</td><td>130</td><td>0.18</td><td>220</td><td>0.16</td><td>310</td><td>0.95</td></tr><tr><td>50</td><td>0.95</td><td>140</td><td>0.16</td><td>230</td><td>0.18</td><td>320</td><td>0.84</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>1</td><td>150</td><td>0.17</td><td>240</td><td>0.23</td><td>330</td><td>0.69</td></tr><tr><td>70</td><td>0.96</td><td>160</td><td>0.21</td><td>250</td><td>0.34</td><td>340</td><td>0.54</td></tr><tr><td>80</td><td>0.85</td><td>170</td><td>0.27</td><td>260</td><td>0.51</td><td>350</td><td>0.43</td></tr></table>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Additional Azimuths</p>\n<table id='27' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Degree</td><td>VA A</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 533767, "type": "text", "content": "Deliverable FP7-ICT 368721/D5.1\n\n\n \n\nDate :June 2014 \nPublic\n\n\n# 4.2 Broadband experimental measurements with directional \nantennas\n\n\n \n\nThis section describes measurement results carried out by the IMC project\npartner to \ninvestigate more in detail the effect of fast fading in broadband mmWave\nchannel.\n\n\n \n\n4.2.1 Experimental setup description\n\n\n \n\nThe open-space area (university campus) experimental scenario was used for\nthat \nstudy. The general experimental measurement setup is shown in Figure 4\u201310. The \ntransmitter (TX) antenna was mounted on the vestibule of the university campus \nbuilding at the height of 6.2 m. The receiver (RX) antenna was mounted on a\nmoving \nplatform with an antenna height of 1.5 m.\n\n\n \n\nFigure 4\u201310: Snapshot of the university campus experimental scenario\n\n\n \n\nA schematic illustration of this scenario is shown in Figure 4\u201311, where the \nfollowing main parameters are used: D0 is the direct LOS distance between the\nTX \nand RX antennas; L0 is the horizontal distance between the transmitter and\nreceiver, \nH1 and H2 is the height of transmitter and receiver, respectively.\n\n\nMiWEBA D5.1: Channel Modeling and Characterization\n\n\n \nPage 26\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1147893, "type": "text", "content": "Blue: Rooftop medium or large size directional antenna with \nantenna mounted pre -amplifier\n\n\n \n\nViolet: Rooftop large size directional antenna with antenna \nmounted pre -amplifier\n\n\n \n\nPink: Rooftop large size directional antenna with antenna \nmounted pre -amplifier will receive at least one station\n\n\n \n\nWhite: No TV Service from this City (Check other cities in \nyour area)\n\n\n \n\nProfessional tall tower installation \nSatellite delivered network stations \nCable TV\n\n\n \n\nGhost note: Many structures can reflect TV signals. This can \nlead to the TV receiver \"seeing\" more than one version of the \nTV signal. When a TV signal arrives at the receiver via more \nthan one path, what is commonly known as ghosting results. If \nthe ghosting is caused by a single structure that creates one dis- \ntinct ghost, a large multidirectional antenna may be useful with \ncareful positioning to eliminate the reflected signal. However, \nthe antenna may require different positioning for each channel. \nDirectional antennas are the most ghost resistant antennas since \nthey \"see\" in only one direction and tend not to see the reflect- \ned ghost signal. The farther away from such structures your \nantenna is, the less likely you are to have a problem, but many \nfactors such as the structure's total surface area and which direc- \ntion it faces will make a difference on how much effect the struc- \nture will have on your TV reception.\n\n\n \n\nStructures that are likely to cause ghosting: Nearby buildings \nthat are taller than your antenna or block your antenna's view\n\n\n# Electronic Technicians Association - ETA\n\n\n \n\nand \nSatellite Dealers Association SDA \npresent \nThe Ultimate Customer Service Speciali\"+ \nStudy Guide\n\n\n \n\n# CSS-2\n\n\n \n\nThe second edition of this popular CSS Study Guide \nis now in print.\n\n\nTwice the number of pages\n\n\n \n\nTwice the chapters\n\n\n \n\nDozens of new practice quiz questions\n\n\nSales -marketing -service relationships; Technoliteracy; Safety; Company \nstandards; Dependability; Teamwork; Work ethics; \nProblem solving; Company loyalty; Telephone techniques; Controlling your \nemotions; Communications; Record keeping; Safety; Decision making; Customer \nservice techniques; Hygiene, and more\n\n\nNo Service Business Should be Without One of These \nUnique (2,0A- ;< :>I/nri' flgss Service!\n\n\n \n\nto order\n\n\n \n\nCall 800 288 3824 \neta@indy.tdsnet \nETA -I \n602 N Jackson, Greencastle, IN 46135\n\n\nCircle (63) on Reply Card\n\n\n \n\nin the direction of the TV station's transmitter like Church \nsteeples, Apartment/Condominium buildings, School build- \nings, Water Towers, Industrial buildings, office buildings and \nwarehouses, Large communications/ Radio/TV towers or ath- \nletic field lighting towers.\n\n\n \n\nStructures that are usually not a problem for TV reception: \nTrees and foliage (In some cases, foliage can absorb TV signals \nreducing signal strength, so the best antenna locations will avoid \nfoliage in the direction of the TV station's transmitter) Other \nhomes and residential or commercial wooden buildings that are \nnot taller than your antenna location, street light and utility \npoles, cellular or PCS poles that are a single pole no higher than \ntree tops, ham radio antennas, or other TV antennas.\n\n\n \n\nAttic note: An antenna should not be used in an attic unless \nthe antenna selector guide suggests it. Even when that type of \nantenna will perform well outdoors, reception of TV signals in \nan attic can be made very difficult due to interference from other \nelectric devices, and building construction techniques that may \nhinder the entrance of the V signal, or cause reflections of the \nsignal that lead to ghosting.\n\n\nAll indoor antennas will fall into the small multidirectional \nor large multidirectional antenna category. The CEMA TV \nAntenna map can only serve as a guide to where an indoor anten- \nna might work. Even when an antenna will perform well out- \ndoors, reception of TV signals indoors can be made very diffi- \ncult due to interference from other electric devices, and building \nconstruction techniques that may hinder the entrance of the TV \nsignal, or cause reflections of the signal that lead to ghosting. \nThe Yellow and Green map areas are where indoor antennas are \nmost likely to work well.\n\n\n \n\n# Yellow\n\n\n \n\nAre there any buildings, steeples, towers, or other structures \ntaller than 4 stories within 4 blocks of your receive location? \n(See Ghost note below)\n\n\n \n\nIf you answered No, your antenna choices are:\n\n\n \n\nSmall multidirectional antenna \nLarge multidirectional antenna \nIf you answered Yes, your antenna choices are: \nMedium size outdoor directional antenna (Outdoor instal-\n\n\n \n\nlation is best, but an attic installation may work see attic note \nbelow.)\n\n\n \n\nGreen\n\n\n \n\nAre there any buildings, steeples, towers, or other structures \ntaller than 4 stories within 4 blocks of your receive location? \n(See Ghost note below)\n\n\n \n\nIf you answered No, your antenna choices are: \nLarge multidirectional antenna \nIf you answered Yes, your antenna choices are: \nMedium size outdoor directional antenna (Outdoor instal-\n\n\n \n\nlation is best, but an attic installation may work. See attic note \nbelow.)\n\n\nGhost note: See outdoor antenna selection note.\n\n\n \n\nThis article was based on information from the CEMA \nwebsite at http://www.cema.org/.\n\n\nwww.americanradiohistory.com\n\n\n \n44\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1147961, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Structures that are usually not a problem for TV reception:<br>Trees and foliage (In some cases, foliage can absorb TV signals<br>reducing signal strength, so the best antenna locations will avoid<br>foliage in the direction of the TV station's transmitter) Other<br>homes and residential or commercial wooden buildings that are<br>not taller than your antenna location, street light and utility<br>poles, cellular or PCS poles that are a single pole no higher than<br>tree tops, ham radio antennas, or other TV antennas.</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Attic note: An antenna should not be used in an attic unless<br>the antenna selector guide suggests it. Even when that type of<br>antenna will perform well outdoors, reception of TV signals in<br>an attic can be made very difficult due to interference from other<br>electric devices, and building construction techniques that may<br>hinder the entrance of the V signal, or cause reflections of the<br>signal that lead to ghosting.</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>All indoor antennas will fall into the small multidirectional<br>or large multidirectional antenna category. The CEMA TV<br>Antenna map can only serve as a guide to where an indoor anten-<br>na might work. Even when an antenna will perform well out-<br>doors, reception of TV signals indoors can be made very diffi-<br>cult due to interference from other electric devices, and building<br>construction techniques that may hinder the entrance of the TV<br>signal, or cause reflections of the signal that lead to ghosting.<br>The Yellow and Green map areas are where indoor antennas are<br>most likely to work well.</p>\n<br><h1 id='37' style='font-size:16px'>Yellow</h1>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Are there any buildings, steeples, towers, or other structures<br>taller than 4 stories within 4 blocks of your receive location?<br>(See Ghost note below)</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If you answered No, your antenna choices are:</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>Small multidirectional antenna<br>Large multidirectional antenna<br>If you answered Yes, your antenna choices are:<br>Medium size outdoor directional antenna (Outdoor instal-</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>lation is best, but an attic installation may work see attic note<br>below.)</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Green</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Are there any buildings, steeples, towers, or other structures<br>taller than 4 stories within 4 blocks of your receive location?<br>(See Ghost note below)</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>If you answered No, your antenna choices are:<br>Large multidirectional antenna<br>If you answered Yes, your antenna choices are:<br>Medium size outdoor directional antenna (Outdoor instal-</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>lation is best, but an attic installation may work. See attic note<br>below.)</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Ghost note: See outdoor antenna selection note.</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This article was based on information from the CEMA<br>website at http://www.cema.org/.</p>\n<footer id='48' style='font-size:16px'>www.americanradiohistory.com</footer>\n<br><footer id='49' style='font-size:14px'>44</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3190778, "type": "text", "content": "standards specify that radiobeacon coverage extends to the point that the\nelectric field strength \ndrops to 37.5 dB \u00ecV/m (for 100 bps transmission). From the predicted levels in\nTable H-1, we \ncan conclude that this does not provide the required SNR (7 dB) at the fringe\nof the coverage \narea if the desired availability exceeds 99%.\n\n\nIdeally, we would like to estimate the number of radiobeacons required to\nprovide satisfactory \nDGPS service to users in CONUS. This of course would require an\nengineering/administrative \nanalysis to determine optimal beacon locations (tempered by relevant legal and\npractical \nconsiderations). Such an analysis needs to address the fact that beacons\nshould be located such \nthat they provide the \"best\" service (in terms of availability, accuracy, and\nintegrity) to the largest \npopulation of users. In the absence of such an analysis, only very crude\nestimates can be made. \nSuch estimates, however, are useful to planners as they indicate potential\nproblem areas which \nmust be considered and allow one to get at least a loose grip on potential\ncosts.\n\n\nSignal levels as a function of range from a given radiobeacon may be predicted\nusing groundwave \npropagation models developed by ITS. The signal level depends on the ground\nconductivity and \nradiated antenna power. For the purposes of this study it is assumed that the\nradiated power for a \n1 kilowatt transmitter is 150 watts. Using the results of Table H-1, and ITS\nLF/MF propagation \nmodels, the ranges for a single beacon in the vicinity of various cities as a\nfunction of the annual \navailability of a 0 or 7 dB SNR are tabulated in Table H-2. An alternative\nview of the situation is \nshown in Figures H-1 and H-2. From these plots one can find how SNR\nrequirements affect \navailability or, more generally, how signal quality will vary with time at\nvarious distances from the \ntransmitter.\n\n\nThe conductivities specified for a given city are estimates based on\nconductivities in the region \nsurrounding the city (FCC \u00a7 73.190 Figure R3). The conductivities used are\nshown (in \nparenthesis by the city) in units of mS/m. The calculations indicate that\natmospheric noise \ndominates range predictions when a high annual availability is desired (i.e.,\n99.9%), while ground \nconductivity becomes more important as the desired annual availability\ndecreases.\n\n\nH-3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 533896, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='119' style='font-size:14px'>Deliverable FP7-ICT 368721/D5.1</h1>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Date :June 2014<br>Public</p>\n<p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>where Dx and Dy are dimensions of antenna aperture along x and y axes accordingly.<br>Assuming that</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='equation'>$$S=D_{x}\\cdot D_{y}$$</p>\n<br><h1 id='123' style='font-size:20px'>and deriving Dx and Dy one can obtain:</h1>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='equation'>$$S=\\frac{4\\lambda^{2}}{\\varphi_{M_{L}}\\cdot\\theta_{M L}}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='125' style='font-size:20px'>(5\u201328)</caption>\n<caption id='126' style='font-size:20px'>(5\u201329)</caption>\n<p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Substituting (5\u201329) into (5\u201326) the equation for the maximum gain G0 may be<br>rewritten as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='equation'>$$G_{0}=\\frac{16\\pi}{\\varphi_{M L}\\cdot\\theta_{M L}}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='129' style='font-size:20px'>(5\u201330)</caption>\n<p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Using relation in eq. (5-22) the maximum gain may be represented as a function of<br>half power beam widths as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='equation'>$$G_{0}=\\frac{16\\pi}{6.76\\cdot\\varphi_{-3d B}\\cdot\\theta_{-3d B}}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='132' style='font-size:20px'>(5\u201331)</caption>\n<p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The final formula for the main lobe gain function is written as follows:</p>\n<p id='134' data-category='equation'>$$G_{d B}\\big(\\varphi,\\theta\\big)=101\\mathrm{g}\\Biggl(\\frac{16\\pi}{6.76\\cdot\\varphi_{-3d B}\\cdot\\theta_{-3d B}}\\Biggr)-12\\cdot\\Biggl(\\frac{\\varphi}{\\varphi_{-3d B}}\\Biggr)^{2}-12\\cdot\\Biggl(\\frac{\\theta}{\\theta_{-3d B}}\\Biggr)^{2}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='135' style='font-size:20px'>(5\u201332)</caption>\n<p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The gain for the angles outside of the main lobe is defined so that integration over<br>total solid angle 4\u03c0 gives unity (normalization condition). In that case the total<br>radiated power of directive antenna pattern is equal to the total radiated power in<br>isotropic case.</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Therefore, the pair of parameters (\u03c6-3dB,\u03b8-3dB) fully define the radiation pattern of the<br>considered antenna model.</p>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 5\u201319 shows an example of the antenna pattern plotted with parameters (\u03c6-<br>3dB=150,\u03b8-3dB=150). Note that this radiation pattern has an axial symmetry (see X-Y<br>plane in Figure 5\u201319).</p>\n<br><p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The maximum gain G0 in that case in is equal to:</p>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='equation'>$$G_{0,d B}\\approx20.448\\mathrm{b}\\mathrm{b}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='141' style='font-size:20px'>(5\u201333)</caption>\n<footer id='142' style='font-size:16px'>MiWEBA D5.1: Channel Modeling and Characterization</footer>\n<br><footer id='143' style='font-size:16px'>Page 58</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 190006, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Callsign: WUNF-TV</p>\n<br><header id='16' style='font-size:14px'>License No.: BLEDT-20030401BAI</header>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Name of Licensee: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA<br>Station Location: NC-ASHEVILLE<br>Frequency (MHz): 536 - 542</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Channel: 25<br>Hours of Operation: Unlimited</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Transmitter: Type Accepted. See Sections 73.1660, 73.1665 and 73.1670<br>of the Commission's Rules.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Antenna type: (directional or non-directional): Directional</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Description: DIE, TFU-10DSC-RC170<br>Beam Tilt: 0.75 Degrees Electrical</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Major lobe directions 305 306 307 308<br>(degrees true):</p>\n<table id='23' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Antenna</td><td>Coordinates:</td><td>North Latitude:</td><td>35 deg</td><td>25 min</td><td>32</td><td>sec</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>West Longitude:</td><td>82 deg</td><td>45 min</td><td>25</td><td>sec</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Transmitter output power: 7.19 kW<br>8.57 DBK</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Maximum effective radiated power (Average): 125 kW</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>21 DBK</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Height of radiation center above ground: 59 Meters</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Height of radiation center above mean sea level: 1802 Meters</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Height of radiation center above average terrain: 816 Meters</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Antenna structure registration number: 1035173</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Overall height of antenna structure above ground (including obstruction<br>lighting if any) see the registration for this antenna structure.</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>*** END OF AUTHORIZATION ***</p>\n<footer id='33' style='font-size:14px'>FCC Form 352-B October 21, 1985</footer>\n<br><footer id='34' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2 of 2</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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To optimize signal strength while minimizing interference, the station needs to determine the ideal directional antenna configuration. Considering the major lobe directions and the height of the radiation center above ground, what geometric factors should be examined, and how do these affect the station's broadcast range and quality?
|
I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
|
[]
|
{"id": 733, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
|
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Apple produces other instructional materials, such\nas product and safety info and QuickStart user guides, for each model.\n\n\n \n\n\u200eiPhone User Guide for iOS 9.3 on Apple Books \n\u200eHere's everything you need to know about iPhone, in a handy digital format.\nGet to know iPhone and discover all the amazing things it can do, and how to\ndo \nthem. It's the definitive guide for getting the most from your new iPhone,\nstraight from Apple. The iPhone User Guide is an essential pa\u2026\n\n\n \n\nApple iPhone 4s specs - PhoneArena \niPhone and Apple Watch safety features. Use your iPhone to call or text for\nhelp, even hands-free. Find out more and be prepared. Capture the moment. Take \nstunning photos and videos on your iPhone with the redesigned Camera app. ...\niPhone User Guide. iPhone Tech Specs. 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Identify<br>which model you have below, and then download the user guide you need.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Where to Download iPhone Manuals for Every Model<br>This application will guide you through all the new features of the newest iOS 9. It is suitable for both iPhone and iPad users. Our user<br>manual is compiled like a training course - your study will begin from easy parts, and the difficulty will increase with each lesson.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u200eUser guide for iPhone & iPad on the App Store<br>\u200eThis application will guide you through all the new features of the newest iOS 9. It is suitable for both iPhone and iPad users. Our user<br>manual is compiled like a training course - your study will begin from easy parts, and the difficulty will increase with each lesson. This manual<br>is the best ch\u2026</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u200eUser guide for iPhone & iPad en App Store<br>Choose a User Interface Idiom Update your app to use the Mac idiom, instead of scaling to match iPad. Read article. Sample Code ... Build<br>and test your app, improve its performance, then submit to the App Store. Learn more. Sample Code Locations in AR Track geographic areas<br>of interest and render them in custom AR experiences. Download. Release ...</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Apple Developer Documentation<br>Whether you just got a brand new iPhone 12 or iPhone 12 Pro, or an older version of Apple's popular phone, there are a few steps you have<br>to take to get set up and start using your iPhone.We take you through the process starting with \"Hello,\" and have user guides for some of<br>Apple's built-in apps, like Messages, FaceTime, Mail, and more.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Beginner's guide: How to set up and start using your new ...<br>Explore iPhone, the world\u2019s most powerful personal device. Check out iPhone 12 Pro, iPhone 12 Pro Max, iPhone 12, iPhone 12 mini, and<br>iPhone SE.</p>\n<footer id='28' style='font-size:14px'>Page 3/4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 20083, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='26' style='font-size:20px'>Where To Download Iphone 4 Manual Guide</h1>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:16px'>Manual - Apple iPhone 4 - iOS 7 - Device Guides</h1>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Manual - Apple iPhone 4 - iOS 7 - Device Guides<br>We round out our video series on how to use the iPhone 4 with a look at some of<br>the other lesser known improvements in the iPhone 4 and iOS 4. There are many...</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone 4 user guide and new features. - YouTube<br>just in case iphone 4 does not have siri, however it does have voice commands.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone 4S and 4 USER GUIDE, Manual, how to use, the basics ...<br>The iPhone User Guide is an awesome web resource, but you can also download<br>the whole thing in the Books app for free. You can access the iPhone User Guide on<br>the web, either browse or search for ...</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone 12 and iPhone 12 Pro setup guide and tips | Macworld<br>Apple iPhone 4 specifications - Display: 3.5 inches IPS LCD; Camera: 5 MP<br>(Autofocus, BSI sensor); Processor: Apple A4; RAM: 0.5GB; Battery: 1420 mAh<br>Apple iPhone 4 specs - PhoneArena iPhone 12 with Unlimited plan from MintMobile</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Apple iPhone 4 specs - PhoneArena<br>To browse the Apple Watch User Guide, click Table of Contents at the top of the<br>page. To download the Apple Watch User Guide and view it in the Books app, visit</p>\n<br><h1 id='33' style='font-size:14px'>Page 5/6</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1297223, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>About For Books iPhone - The Missing Manual 11e Best</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Written by David Pogue\u2014Missing Manual series creator, New York Times columnist, and Emmy-winning tech correspondent for CNBC, CBS, and<br>NPR\u2014this update shows you everything you need to know about new iPhone features and the iOS 13 user interface. Pick up this beautiful full-color<br>book and learn how to get the most out of your iPhone.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Amazon.com: iPhone: The Missing Manual: The Book That ...</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Download File PDF Iphone The Missing Manual 11e iPhone - The Missing Manual 11e iOS 11 for the iPhone includes a host of exciting new features,<br>including a revamped Control Center and all-new powers for some of your favorite apps-Siri, AirPlay 2, Maps,</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>[Books] Iphone The Missing Manual 11e</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This easy-to-use book will help you accomplish everything from web browsing to watching videos so you can get the most out of your iPhone.<br>Written by Missing Manual series creator and former New York Times columnist David Pogue, this updated guide shows you everything you need to<br>know about the new features and user interface of iOS 11 for the iPhone.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone - The Missing Manual 11e: Amazon.co.uk: Pogue</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>David Pogue has published a PDF version of iPhone: The Missing Manual.Areas of coverage include the phone and organizer, discussing various<br>syncing topics even Apple never dreamed of, like syncing a single iPhone with multiple computers, or using the iPhone as a data bucket to merge<br>the address books from several different PCs.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone: The Missing Manual debuts as PDF - (Jul 17) | MacNN</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The iPhone may be the world\u2019s coolest computer, but it\u2019s still a computer, with all of the complexities. iPhone: The Missing Manual is a funny,<br>gorgeously illustrated guide to the tips, shortcuts, and workarounds that will turn you, too, into an iPhone master.. Written by Missing Manual series<br>creator and former New York Times columnist David Pogue, this updated guide shows you everything ...</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone: The Missing Manual by David Pogue, Paperback</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Kindle File Format Iphone The Missing Manual 11e When you click on My Google eBooks, you'll see all the books in your virtual library, both<br>purchased and free. You can also get this information by using the My library link from the Google Books homepage.</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Kindle File Format Iphone The Missing</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>O'Reilly iPhone: The Missing Manual 11th - Micro Center<br>Computer Book Review: iPhone: The Missing Manual: Covers iPhone 4 & All Other Models with iOS 4 Software by David Pogue</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iOS 11 for the iPhone includes a host of exciting new features, including a revamped Control Center and all-new powers for some of your favorite<br>appsSiri, AirPlay 2, Maps, Photos, and Maps. You can even send payment via iMessages and type with one hand! O'Reilly iPhone: The Missing Manual<br>11th Edition Available for In-Store Pickup Only.</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone 11 Pro has the same Wide and Ultra Wide cameras, along with a new Telephoto camera. This triple\u2011camera system gives you a combined four<br>times optical zoom range for more framing options. Kick your video up a notch. Over a smidge. Or down a hair. Crop Skew Filters.</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>R.E.A.D Iphone: The Missing Manual D.O.W.N.L.O.A.D</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone 11 - Apple</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The title is right the missing manual that should come with phone. We have to dig deep into the technology of the iPhone used by a blind person.<br>Have learned much since receiving the manual with much more to learn. The iPhone is for the blind and visually impaired best format for phones<br>that we have tried.</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone: The Missing Manual By: David Pogue for sale online ...</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone Love it or hate, the iPhone has revolutionized how we use our mobile devices. And more than a decade after its initial debut, Apple continues<br>to tweak the formula, introducing upgraded ...</p>\n<footer id='41' style='font-size:14px'>Page 1/2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2431924, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='12' style='font-size:20px'>Download Ebook Apple Iphone 4g User Guide</h1>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone and Apple Watch safety features. Use your iPhone to call or text for help, even hands-free.<br>Find out more and be prepared. Capture the moment. ... iPhone User Guide. iPhone Tech Specs.<br>Search for more topics. Search Support Clear Search. Have a question? Ask everyone. Our Apple<br>Support Community can help you find answers.</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone - Official Apple Support</h1>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>That\u2019s why Apple created an iPhone 4 user guide. From setting up your email to adding contacts,<br>this 244 page PDF will walk you through every single step of the iPhone set up. Obviously this<br>iPhone 4 user guide was not designed for people who already own an iPhone but I\u2019m sure it will help<br>first-time iPhone owners.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>iPhone 4 User Guide - iDownloadBlog \u2013 Apple Blog: iPhone</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Apple iPhone 4s was released in October 2011 and was one of the most popular phone from<br>Apple. The phone had only 2G and 3G ability but for 2011 it was top of the line. Today there are<br>other more updated options such as the Apple iPhone 6 Plus as well as the Apple iPhone 5s and 5c .</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Apple iPhone 4s Manual - Mobile Phone Manuals</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Apple iPhone User Guide. Pages: 130. See Prices; I; Apple Cell Phone iPod and iPod Touch. Apple<br>iPod And iPod Touch Enterprise Deployment Guide. Pages: 58. See Prices; M; Apple Cell Phone<br>MA501LL/A. Apple iPhone 3 User Guide. Pages: 217. See Prices; Apple Cell Phone MA712LL/A. Apple<br>iPhone 3 User Guide.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Free Apple Cell Phone User Manuals | ManualsOnline.com</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Apple iPhone 8 and 8 Plus Setup & User Guide. By Steve Thomson 20 Oct 2017. This guide gets<br>your iPhone 8 or 8 Plus set up and working the way you want it. We take you through inserting the<br>SIM, setting up email accounts, connecting to Wi-Fi and everything else you need to know to get a</p>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2/5</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 4588, "type": "text", "content": "# Acces PDF Janes All The \nWorlds Aircraft 1975 76 Saosey\n\n\n \n\n# team.\n\n\ni phone 4 instruction manual apple , \ncerato owners manual , a light in the \nwindow an irish christmas love story \nkindle edition julie lessman , calculus \nsolution robert t smith , 1973 chilton \nrepair manuals , geometry mcdougal \nlittell practice workbook answers ,\n\n\n \n\n# Page 5/9\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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A collection of manuals and books is uniformly arranged over nine pages, with each page containing the same number of items. If you need to locate the instruction manual for an iPhone 4 starting from page 1, how many pages do you have to read through, and which page does it likely appear on?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 735, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2016207, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='9' style='font-size:20px'>AI-enabled customer interactions<br>offer significant benefits for<br>financial services</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>While AI has not necessarily met all the expectations of customers, organizations have generated significant benefits.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 7. Key benefits in customer experience and operational efficiency reported by the leading financial institutions<br>of the world</p>\n<br><figure><img id='12' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Key\nBene\ufb01ts\nAI powered cross-sell/up-sell Customer identity veri\ufb01cation\nAviva\u2019s AI-powered recommendation engine called Citibank has launched voice biometrics that\n\u201cADA\u201d (Algorithmic decision agent) ranks by analyses unique characteristics in a person\u2019s vocal\nprobability the products customers are most likely pattern and cross-checks them against a pre-re-\nto buy. [1] corded voice print to verify their identity quicker\nand provide faster assistance [4]\nPersonalized customer insights\nVirtual advisor for agents\nBNP Paribas has launched an AI mobile app that\nAllianz\u2019s virtual advisor provides insurance agents\nprovides customers with personalized insights and\nwith data and advice on product performance and\nadvice to help them better manage their money[2]\nclient pro\ufb01le.[5]\nAutomated document review\nJPMorgan Chase has introduced an ML powered Customer engagement\nchatbot designed to analyze legal documents and China Construction Bank will use AI for targeted\nextract important data points and clauses. Manual customer outreach, as well as to better understand\nreview of commercial credit agreements normally its customer base and raise levels of customer\nrequires approximately 360,000 hours.[3] engagement [6]\nML assisted claims processing\nBerkshire Hathaway uses AI powered data\ndriven insights in its claims process to improve\ncustomer experience. [7]\" data-coord=\"top-left:(86,659); bottom-right:(1141,1396)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Source:</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Analytics India Mag, \u201cHow Aviva Is Powering Data Science Adoption By Partnering With International Universities,\u201d<br>December 2019.<br>2. BNP Paribas, \"How do banks get ahead in digital FX,\u201d January 2020<br>3. e HBS Digital Initiative \u201cJP Morgan COIN: A Bank\u2019s Side Project Spells Disruption for the Legal Industry,\u201d<br>November 2018.<br>4. Alacriti, \u201cFive Examples of Biometrics in Banking,\u201d May 2019.<br>5. nsi insurance, \u201cAllianz Italy uses iGenius\u2019 AI-powered platform to digitise agents\u2019 network,\u201d June 2019.<br>6. China Banking News, \u201cChina Construction Bank Enters Cooperative Agreement with Baidu to Leverage Artificial<br>Intelligence Capabilities,\u201d September 2020.<br>7. Business Wire, \u201cBerkshire Hathaway Homestate Companies Embraces AI With Adoption of Entire CLARA analytics<br>Product Suite,\u201d January 2020.</p>\n<footer id='15' style='font-size:14px'>12 Smart Money</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 244931, "type": "text", "content": "# SavvyMoney Credit Solution\n\n\n \n\nProvide rich credit reporting and credit management \nsolutions with user score monitoring, credit factors, \ncredit utilization, and education.\n\n\n\u2022 FI benefit: Gain access to credit profiles that enable \ntargeted marketing.\n\n\n\u2022 User benefit: Monitor credit and borrowing \nprequalifications.\n\n\n# STATE OF FINANCIAL HEALTH\n\n\n# IMPROVED USER EXPERIENCE\n\n\n# Transaction Descriptions\n\n\n \n\nNormalize transaction descriptions and auto- \ncategorization across all internal and external accounts.\n\n\n\u2022 FI benefit: Reduce transaction dispute calls to your \ncall center, and lay the foundation for transactional \nanalytics and personal financial management \nanalytics.\n\n\n\u2022 User benefit: View transactions in a streamlined \nexperience with lower friction in maintaining \ntransaction categories.\n\n\n \n\nTransaction Data Enrichment Visual Spending Module\n\n\n \n\nShow filtered spending visualizations for all held and \nheld away accounts through transaction description- \ncategorized expenses.\n\n\n\u2022 FI benefit: Close gaps between fintechs and \nMegabanks, and increase user engagement.\n\n\n\u2022 User benefit: Assess spending behaviors with a \nrobust spending application.\n\n\nSavings Goals\n\n\n \n\nEnable users to establish savings goals and track \nprogress via their savings accounts.\n\n\n\u2022 FI benefit: Promote deposits and provide insight \ninto savings intent and behaviors.\n\n\n\u2022 User benefit: Visualize savings targets within the \ndigital banking experience.\n\n\n# USERS WANT HELP\n\n\n \n\n# 74%\n\n\nof Alkami survey respondents in a vulnerable \nfinancial state want financial recommendations \nfrom their financial institutions.\n\n\n \n\n2019 Alkami Financial Wellness Survey\n\n\nTo learn more about financial wellness solutions on the \nAlkami Platform, contact your Alkami representative or \nvisit Alkami.com.\n\n\nalkami.com\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2016230, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='15' style='font-size:20px'>Appendix</h1>\n<table id='16' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Use case</td><td>Legend</td><td>Examples</td></tr><tr><td>Automated credit/loan approval based on credit history</td><td>1</td><td>Subprime auto lender Prestige Financial Services uses AI to suggest financing options to auto buyers. The AI helps the company analyze about 2,700 borrower characteristics, instead of the several dozen the lender had on its risk- assessment scorecard so as to find relationships between variables to determine creditworthiness. As a result of the AI, the company saw a 33% decline in credit losses and a 14% increase in approval ratings for borrowers.38</td></tr><tr><td>Automatic setting of insurance premium using analysis of past behavior</td><td>2</td><td>Zurich Insurance Group uses AI to allow it to analyze a potential customer\u2019s individual driving data compared to a set of reference profiles created from more than a decade\u2019s-worth of collected data, allowing the company to customize the premium based on the individual customer\u2019s driving behavior.39</td></tr><tr><td>Product suggestions based on analysis of customer\u2019s past purchases</td><td>3</td><td>HSBC has been using AI to give US credit card customers a personalized shopping experience. It\u2019s working on a rewards program that processes customer data to predict how clients will redeem their credit card points so it can better market offerings such as travel, merchandise, gift cards and cash. The technology recommends a redemption category for each credit card holder. HSBC has sent out emails based on these recommendations while emailing a random category to a control group. In the former batch, about 70% jumped at the rewards and the number of opened emails rose by 40%.40</td></tr><tr><td>In-branch experience</td><td>4</td><td>SBI is currently using an AI-based solution that essentially scans cameras installed in the bank\u2019s branches and captures the facial expressions of the customers and immediately reports whether the customer is happy or sad so that it can service them better.41</td></tr><tr><td>Customer query resolution</td><td>5</td><td>UBank has seen customer growth of 20%, which it claims is directly correlated to improving the digital experience for customers after adoption of Mia \u2013 the virtual assistant of National Australia Bank's digital arm. Mia communicates with customers face to face on their computers or smartphones and give on-the-spot answers to more than 300 home loan application questions, including \u201cwhat\u2019s a variable rate?\u201d or \u201cwhat classifies as an expense?42</td></tr><tr><td>Portfolio and financial solutions using robotic intelligent financial assistants</td><td>6</td><td>Bank of America\u2019s digital assistant Erica helps customers make better financial decisions by offering financial advice based on the customer\u2019s banking habits using cognitive messaging, artificial intelligence, and predictive analytics. The bot can suggest what the customer can save to reach a specified financial goal, such as saving USD100 towards paying down a credit card. The bot also provides suggestions to determine the spending and saving habits of the retail banking customer. By May 2019, just one year after it was launched, Erica had been used by seven million customers and had handled more than 50 million client interactions.43</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='17' style='font-size:14px'>34 Smart Money</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 20904, "type": "text", "content": "# Powering Digital Banking \nwith Data and Analytics\n\n\n \n\nEnable forecasting and market smarter\n\n\n# Overview\n\n\n \n\nIf you knew what happened in the past, you could \naccurately approximate what may happen in the future. \nData can provide that insight.\n\n\nBut banks and credit unions shouldn\u2019t underestimate \nthe lift required to put their data to work for them. \nAccording to a recent Salesforce study, only 47% \nof marketers have a completely unified view of \ncustomer data (Trends and Tactics Driving Marketing \nROI, Salesforce Research). Such a challenge isn\u2019t \nimpossible to overcome, however, even for community \nand regional institutions without the resources of the \nMegabanks.\n\n\n# The Problem\n\n\n \n\nRegional and community bank and credit union growth \nnow depends on how well deposits and other sales \ncan be generated digitally and systematically. But \nmost banks and credit unions do not have marketing \nautomation expertise or the data necessary to use it. \nWhen marketers try to make sense of digital data with \noutdated approaches, their results are not optimal.\n\n\nAdditionally, since businesses have begun using data \nto connect to users, user expectations have changed. \nNow users expect campaigns that speak directly \nto where they are in their life. Typically, marketing \ncampaigns focus on products that just need to be sold: \ndelivered from the top down, funneling to all users\n\n\n \n\nregardless of their personal needs. Now that data \nplays an integral role in strategy, marketing campaigns \ncan be tailored to user segments\u2019 needs. Keeping or \nwinning new users from Megabanks, who have lots of \nbanking data and have the tech and resources to use it, \nis a challenge for banks and credit unions.\n\n\nThe more proficient you are with data, the higher \nperforming you and your team can be. But how do you \nstart using data if your FI has been slow to adapt?\n\n\n# The Solution\n\n\n \n\nAn investment in transforming your data into insights \nand engagement will prove valuable to your growth. \nBy learning what happened in the past with descriptive \ndata and applying diagnostic analysis to learn the root \ncause of user behavior, you can provide a personalized \nuser experience. With the right data analytics tool, you \ncan systematically gather and sort unique data points \nto create automated targeted lists and market toward \nany unique target or segment. Consider not only how \npowerful but also how simple an analytics tool should \nbe.\n\n\nAs you search for a data analytics tool, look for qualities \nthat can make sense of your data and deliver what \nyou need in just a few clicks. To achieve this level of \nusability, your analytics tool will need to do a lot of work \nfor you. That work can look like pre-built user lists you \ncan use to quickly scan your user data for details like \naccounts, engagement, logins, and new users. Once\n\n\nAlkami.com\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 244930, "type": "text", "content": "The gold standard in digital banking\n\n\n# The gold standard \nin financial wellness \nsolutions\n\n\n \n\n# ABOUT ALKAMI\n\n\nWith the nation\u2019s fastest growing \ncloud-based digital banking platform, \nAlkami facilitates digital success for \nbanks and credit unions in the U.S.\n\n\nThe Alkami Platform helps \nfinancial institutions engage with \ntheir consumer and business \ncustomers with a modern digital-first \ninfrastructure built for speed, security, \nand extensibility.\n\n\nThrough bold investments in \ntechnology and culture, and \ndeveloping authentic bonds with \nremarkable clients, Alkami continues \nto be the gold standard in digital \nbanking.\n\n\n \n\nFrom Generation X to Z, today\u2019s consumers demand that online banking \nprovides innovative technology that helps them manage and measure their \nfinances. Users expect actionable financial insights that help them achieve \ntheir personal financial goals. Banks and credit unions who fail to provide \nthese insights risk driving potential users to other financial institutions or \napplications.\n\n\n# FINANCIAL WELLNESS NEEDS\n\n\n \n\n76%\n\n\n \n\nof millennials report experiencing \nfinancial stress.\n\n\n \n\nPwC 2019 Employee Financial \nWellness Survey\n\n\nAlkami\u2019s financial wellness framework provides deeply integrated solutions \nthat assess a user\u2019s financial health within their digital banking experience. \nThe result: a personalized digital strategy that enables each user to build \ncredit, deposits, and promote overall financial wellbeing.\n\n\n# BRAND AUTHORITY\n\n\nAccount Aggregation\n\n\n \n\nAllow users to view external bank, loan, credit card, payments, insurance, \nand investment accounts alongside held accounts within your institution.\n\n\n\u2022 FI benefit: Gain a full view of user accounts enabling targeted \nmarketing opportunities.\n\n\n\u2022 User benefit: View all finances within digital banking.\n\n\nalkami.com\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 410139, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='24' style='font-size:16px'>BMO Wealth Management Generation Why!</header>\n<br><header id='25' style='font-size:14px'>Canadian Edition JULY 2017 13</header>\n<h1 id='26' style='font-size:20px'>Prioritizing goals and actions with a financial plan</h1>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The development of a financial plan may help to prioritize your goals and determine the<br>actions that can be taken to achieve them. The right financial advisor also can provide<br>information and guidance that will help increase your financial literacy in the areas specific<br>to your financial concerns.</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The idea of working with a financial advisor to improve your financial skills is similar to the way<br>that hiring managers are looking to tech-savvy millennials for the skills that prior generations<br>of workers may lack.21 When a knowledge gap is recognized, employers seek to hire talented<br>people that have the education and expertise to improve the results of the team.</p>\n<br><h1 id='29' style='font-size:20px'>Conclusion</h1>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>With the convergence of new technologies and the growth of the millennial working population,<br>many businesses are trying to figure out what the next trends will be22 and how to capitalize on<br>them. Millennials are uniquely positioned to help in this process with their ability to grasp and<br>use the new technologies which are having a growing impact on society.</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Some millennials will also benefit from the generosity of baby boomer parents that pass on<br>some of their accumulated wealth to the next generation. Managing all of these changes will<br>be an important challenge going forward.</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>It takes time and experience to grow the wealth that you will earn and receive, and with the<br>right BMO financial professional as your partner you can be better positioned to meet your goals.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 262706, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='135' style='font-size:18px'>S P E N D I N G</h1>\n<p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Are your daily spending habits helping you meet your long-term financial<br>objectives? With the Spending tab in your Personal Financial Website you<br>can easily monitor and manage your daily cash flow \u2014 helping you stay on<br>track to meet the financial future that you envision.</p>\n<h1 id='137' style='font-size:14px'>VISIBILITY INTO ALL ACCOUNTS</h1>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Connecting all your financial accounts brings<br>your daily transactions from multiple<br>institutions into one place for a complete and<br>consolidated view of your spending.</p>\n<h1 id='139' style='font-size:14px'>REAL-TIME EXPENSE TRACKING</h1>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Your daily spending transactions will instantly<br>update in the Spending tab once you've<br>connected your financial accounts. With a real-<br>time view of all your debits and credits, you'll<br>always know how much you've spent and<br>what's left.</p>\n<br><h1 id='141' style='font-size:14px'>INSIGHT INTO SPENDING HABITS</h1>\n<br><p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Financial transactions are automatically<br>classified based on preset and customizable<br>categories. You'll easily identify where you<br>spend the most money and ways to save for<br>future expenses.</p>\n<h1 id='143' style='font-size:14px'>BUDGETING IN ONE-CLICK</h1>\n<br><p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Getting started with planning for your future<br>income and expenses is simple. In just one-<br>click, create a budget from your actual spending<br>transaction history. Use this budget as is or as a<br>starting point that you can easily customize.</p>\n<figure><img id='145' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(196,967); bottom-right:(1077,1511)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 20905, "type": "text", "content": "you\u2019ve chosen a list you\u2019d like to target (you should \nalso be able to manually select who you want to target, \nlike a certain demographic), your analytics tool should \nbe able to deliver content relevant to that list\u2019s needs.\n\n\nA data analytics tool should facilitate:\n\n\n\u2022 Audience identification based on defined \ncharacteristics or algorithms\n\n\n\u2022 User behavior and other details determining a \ntarget audience\n\n\n\u2022 Branded, bank/credit union-generated ads \npresented based on the audience and ad priority\n\n\n# Highlights\n\n\n# 47%\n\n\nOnly 47% of marketers have a completely unified \nview of customer data (Trends and Tactics Driving \nMarketing ROI, Salesforce Research).\n\n\n# 58%\n\n\n58% of customers who purchased a financial \nproduct purchased after learning it could help \nthem with a financial need (Acquiring Customers \nSucceeding in the New Purchase Process, CEB).\n\n\nBanks and credit unions can save up to 15-20% of a \nmarketing budget with targeted marketing campaigns.\n\n\n \n\n# Keys to Success\n\n\nAvoid using data for the sake of data. Your data must \ninform a decision. Make sure your data analytics tool \npresents only meaningful data that supports a proven \ninsight. One of those insights that will measure your \nsuccess: user engagement.\n\n\nCreate a Data Analytics Strategy:\n\n\n \n\nWhat does a data analytics strategy look like?\n\n\n\u2022 Clearly provides specific business value\n\n\n\u2022 Increases revenue\n\n\n\u2022 Improves operational efficiency\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Strengthens experiences for users\n\n\n\u2022 Easily communicated and understood\n\n\nA data analytics strategy is more than:\n\n\n\u2022 Performed activities\n\n\n\u2022 Using or making tools (e.g., machine learning)\n\n\n\u2022 Creating an enterprise data warehouse\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Measurement criteria\n\n\n# Timeline\n\n\nDo It Yourself\n\n\n \n\nGathering data from separate sources to create \nvisualizations manually\n\n\n\u2022 Time to insights: 6 months to 1 + years\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 3-6 month implementation\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Minimum 1 year building a data warehouse\n\n\nUsing a Third Party\n\n\n \n\nAn integrated source of all data with provided \nvisualizations\n\n\n\u2022 Time to insights: 2-3 months\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Approximately 2-3 months\u2019 implementation\n\n\nAlkami.com\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 20907, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='40' style='font-size:22px'>Powering Digital Banking<br>with Data and Analytics</h1>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Enable forecasting and market smarter</p>\n<h1 id='42' style='font-size:20px'>Overview</h1>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If you knew what happened in the past, you could<br>accurately approximate what may happen in the future.<br>Data can provide that insight.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>But banks and credit unions shouldn\u2019t underestimate<br>the lift required to put their data to work for them.<br>According to a recent Salesforce study, only 47%<br>of marketers have a completely unified view of<br>customer data (Trends and Tactics Driving Marketing<br>ROI, Salesforce Research). Such a challenge isn\u2019t<br>impossible to overcome, however, even for community<br>and regional institutions without the resources of the<br>Megabanks.</p>\n<h1 id='45' style='font-size:20px'>The Problem</h1>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Regional and community bank and credit union growth<br>now depends on how well deposits and other sales<br>can be generated digitally and systematically. But<br>most banks and credit unions do not have marketing<br>automation expertise or the data necessary to use it.<br>When marketers try to make sense of digital data with<br>outdated approaches, their results are not optimal.</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Additionally, since businesses have begun using data<br>to connect to users, user expectations have changed.<br>Now users expect campaigns that speak directly<br>to where they are in their life. Typically, marketing<br>campaigns focus on products that just need to be sold:<br>delivered from the top down, funneling to all users</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>regardless of their personal needs. Now that data<br>plays an integral role in strategy, marketing campaigns<br>can be tailored to user segments\u2019 needs. Keeping or<br>winning new users from Megabanks, who have lots of<br>banking data and have the tech and resources to use it,<br>is a challenge for banks and credit unions.</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The more proficient you are with data, the higher<br>performing you and your team can be. But how do you<br>start using data if your FI has been slow to adapt?</p>\n<h1 id='50' style='font-size:20px'>The Solution</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>An investment in transforming your data into insights<br>and engagement will prove valuable to your growth.<br>By learning what happened in the past with descriptive<br>data and applying diagnostic analysis to learn the root<br>cause of user behavior, you can provide a personalized<br>user experience. With the right data analytics tool, you<br>can systematically gather and sort unique data points<br>to create automated targeted lists and market toward<br>any unique target or segment. Consider not only how<br>powerful but also how simple an analytics tool should<br>be.</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>As you search for a data analytics tool, look for qualities<br>that can make sense of your data and deliver what<br>you need in just a few clicks. To achieve this level of<br>usability, your analytics tool will need to do a lot of work<br>for you. That work can look like pre-built user lists you<br>can use to quickly scan your user data for details like<br>accounts, engagement, logins, and new users. Once</p>\n<footer id='53' style='font-size:14px'>Alkami.com</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1695070, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='255' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 6. Future alternative models</p>\n<br><p id='256' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Supported by RAG and risk trending analysis</p>\n<br><p id='257' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Risk trending scores</p>\n<br><p id='258' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Involvement \u2022 Use of standardised RAG scoring mechanisms</p>\n<br><p id='259' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Heat map of issues</p>\n<h1 id='260' style='font-size:22px'>Assurance Delivery Assurance</h1>\n<br><h1 id='261' style='font-size:20px'>3 of</h1>\n<br><p id='262' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Proactive forward insight into future plans and deliverables</p>\n<br><p id='263' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Forward insight</p>\n<br><p id='264' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Level \u2022 Scheduled assurance activities and analysis agreed with programme</p>\n<br><p id='265' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The current relationship model is characterised by a \u2018primary\u2019<br>relationship that customers typically hold directly with their bank.<br>Many customers hold products from multiple providers and have<br>to engage and interact with each separately to manage their holdings.<br>Introduction of Open APIs and technological development could<br>result in this model being significantly distrupted. The ability<br>to manage all banking products through single relationship is<br>considered very attractive by many customers.</p>\n<br><p id='266' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Delivery con\ufb01dence</p>\n<br><p id='267' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Current model</p>\n<p id='268' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>management and stakeholders</p>\n<br><p id='269' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Feedback loop to ensure \ufb01ndings and recommendations included into delivery plans</p>\n<br><p id='270' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Stakeholder con\ufb01dence</p>\n<p id='271' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Potential future model B</p>\n<br><p id='272' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Embedded Assurance</p>\n<p id='273' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Potential future model A</p>\n<br><figure><img id='274' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Bank A\nCustomer\nBank B\" data-coord=\"top-left:(651,195); bottom-right:(1070,433)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='275' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Customer Bank A Bank B\nBank C\nCustomer primary relationship held by a single\" data-coord=\"top-left:(84,492); bottom-right:(579,695)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='276' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>bank that acts as a \u2018gateway\u2019 to secondary banks.</p>\n<p id='277' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We are already seeing some tentative steps<br>in this direction with innovative banking<br>product \u2018aggregators\u2019 such as OnTrees,<br>Your Wealth and Money Dashboard<br>pushing into the market. Uptake has been</p>\n<p id='278' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 7. Spotlight on aggregators \u2013 Snapshot of three providers of banking aggregation services:</p>\n<p id='279' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ONTREES</p>\n<br><p id='280' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>UK launch:<br>2012 (acquired by MSM 2014).</p>\n<br><p id='281' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Head Office: UK.</p>\n<br><p id='282' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Business model: Tandem customers<br>get a free personal finance app, which<br>aggregates transactional data from<br>their various banking products (based<br>on Yodlee). Ontrees, in return, receives<br>the customer\u2019s permission to access<br>and sell insights drawn from their<br>personal financial data to third parties.<br>Moneysupermarket\u2019s acquisition<br>offers an additional opportunity to<br>cross sell financial products through<br>the price comparison website on a<br>commission per sale basis.</p>\n<br><p id='283' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Number of customers: Unknown.</p>\n<p id='284' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:16px'>6 UK current account market - the start of the revolution?</p>\n<br><figure><img id='285' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Customer Bank B\nAggregator\nNew Payment\nProvider\" data-coord=\"top-left:(683,496); bottom-right:(1128,671)\" /></figure>\n<p id='286' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>slow but the technology is maturing and<br>the implementation of Open API will act<br>as a significant accelerant. One potential<br>outcome could be a wide fragmentation of<br>the marketplace with a variety of pricing</p>\n<br><p id='287' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Customer primary relationship held by a non-bank<br>entity that aggregates banking products held.</p>\n<br><p id='288' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Leverage SMEs</p>\n<br><p id='289' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>mitigate risk where rapid response required</p>\n<br><p id='290' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>4 \u2022 Option to have assurance team intervention to support delivery and</p>\n<p id='291' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>MINT</p>\n<br><p id='292' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Resolution \u2022 Ability to quickly address known areas of programme risk</p>\n<br><p id='293' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>address risk areas</p>\n<br><p id='294' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Assurance team facilitate use of Subject Matter Experts (internal and</p>\n<br><p id='295' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Swift mobilisation to</p>\n<p id='296' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Head Office: California, US.</p>\n<br><p id='297' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>UK launch:<br>2006 (acquired by Intuit 2009).</p>\n<p id='298' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Business model: Similar business<br>model to Ontrees, serving the<br>US and Canadian markets. Mint<br>originally provided account<br>aggregation through a deal with<br>Yodlee, but has since moved to<br>using intuit for connecting to<br>customer bank accounts.</p>\n<p id='299' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Number of customers: Over 10m<br>users in the US and Canada (Wiki 2013).</p>\n<br><p id='300' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Active</p>\n<br><p id='301' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Supports delivery</p>\n<br><p id='302' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>external) to provide programme support</p>\n<p id='303' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>models emerging (eg free versus premium<br>paid-for services) as well as niche<br>providers entering the market (eg high-<br>end luxury providers) catering for smaller<br>segments of the customer base.</p>\n<h1 id='304' style='font-size:16px'>Head Office: California, US.</h1>\n<br><p id='305' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>UK launch:<br>1999.</p>\n<br><p id='306' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>YODLEE</p>\n<p id='307' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Number of customers: Unknown.</p>\n<br><p id='308' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Business model: The company<br>offers scalable personal financial<br>management solutions for banks and<br>companies, which allows them to work<br>with customers\u2019 existing financial data.<br>Yodlee connects to banks\u2019 websites<br>using user credentials to extract infor-<br>mation either via direct feed or screen<br>scraping to gather recent transactions<br>and price information. Yodlee groups<br>transactions into common categories<br>and learns over time as more and<br>more users re-categorise transactions.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Combine insights about millennial financial stress, the need for financial recommendations, and the feature of visual spending assessments from transaction data enrichment to formulate a plan that directs a bank's strategy towards improving millennial user engagement in a fiscally responsible manner. Consider numerical, tabular, and multi-constraint reasoning.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 736, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 131853, "type": "text", "content": "Page 3\n\n\n \n\nFinal Findings and Decision for \nCase Number LU 14-208117 DZ AD\n\n\nbe very intense with high building coverage, large buildings, and buildings\nplaced close \ntogether. Development is intended to be pedestrian-oriented with a strong\nemphasis on a safe \nand attractive streetscape.\n\n\n \n\nT he Design Overlay Zone [d] promotes the conservation, enhancement, and\ncontinued vitality of \nareas of the City with special scenic, architectural, or cultural value. This\nis achieved through \nthe creation of design districts and applying the Design Overlay Zone as part\nof community \nplanning projects, development of design guidelines for each district, and by\nrequiring design \nreview. In addition, design review ensures that certain types of infill\ndevelopment will be \ncompatible with the neighborhood and enhance the area.\n\n\nL and Use History: City records indicate there are no prior land use reviews\nfor this site.\n\n\n \n\nA gency Review: A \u201cRequest for Response\u201d was mailed on October 9, 2014. The\nfollowing \nBureaus have responded with no issue or concerns:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Fire Bureau (Exhibit E-1) \n\u2022 Water Bureau (Exhibit E-2) \n\u2022 Bureau of Parks-Forestry Division (Exhibit E-3) \n\u2022 Life Safety Plans Examiner (Exhibit E-4) \n\u2022 Bureau of Environmental Services (Exhibit E-5) \n\u2022 Site Development Section of BDS (Exhibit E-6) \n\u2022 Bureau of Transportation Engineering (Exhibit E-7)\n\n\nN eighborhood Review: A Notice of Proposal in Your Neighborhood was mailed on\nNovember \n20, 2014. At the time of this staff report, no written responses had been\nreceived from either \nthe Neighborhood Association or notified property owners in response to the\nproposal.\n\n\n \n\nP rocedural History: A Request for Response was mailed on October 9, 2014 to\npublic \nagencies and recognized organizations within 1,000 feet of the site. The\nproposal was originally \nscheduled for a Design Review Commission hearing on November 20, 2014, but was\ndelayed \nand re-scheduled for the December 11, 2014 hearing.\n\n\n \n\n# ZONING CODE APPROVAL CRITERIA\n\n\n# ( 1) DESIGN REVIEW (33.825)\n\n\nC hapter 33.825 Design Review \nSection 33.825.010 Purpose of Design Review\n\n\n \n\nDesign review ensures that development conserves and enhances the recognized\nspecial design \nvalues of a site or area. Design review is used to ensure the conservation,\nenhancement, and \ncontinued vitality of the identified scenic, architectural, and cultural\nvalues of each design \ndistrict or area. Design review ensures that certain types of infill\ndevelopment will be \ncompatible with the neighborhood and enhance the area. Design review is also\nused in certain \ncases to review public and private projects to ensure that they are of a high\ndesign quality.\n\n\n \n\nS ection 33.825.055 Design Review Approval Criteria\n\n\n \n\nA design review application will be approved if the review body finds the\napplicant to have \nshown that the proposal complies with the design district guidelines.\n\n\n \n\nFindings: The site is designated with design overlay zoning (d), therefore the\nproposal \nrequires Design Review approval. Because of the site\u2019s location, the\napplicable design \nguidelines are the Central City Fundamental and Goose Hollow Special Design\nGuidelines.\n\n\nGoose Hollow District Design Guidelines and Central City Fundamental Design \nGuidelines\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2650821, "type": "text", "content": "Decision Notice for LU 16-175965 EN\n\n\n \nPage 4\n\n\nT he General Industrial 2 (IG2) zone is one of the three zones that implement\nthe Industrial \nSanctuary map designation of the Comprehensive Plan. The zone provides areas\nwhere most \nindustrial uses may locate, while other uses are restricted to prevent\npotential conflicts and to \npreserve land for industry. IG2 areas generally have larger lots and an\nirregular or large block \npattern. The area is less developed, with sites having medium and low building\ncoverages and \nbuildings which are usually set back from the street. The provisions of this\nzone allow this \nuse; these provisions are not specifically addressed through this\nEnvironmental Review.\n\n\nE nvironmental overlay zones protect environmental resources and functional\nvalues that have \nbeen identified by the City as providing benefits to the public. The\nenvironmental regulations \nencourage flexibility and innovation in site planning and provide for\ndevelopment that is \ncarefully designed to be sensitive to the site\u2019s protected resources. They\nprotect the most \nimportant environmental features and resources while allowing environmentally\nsensitive \nurban development where resources are less sensitive. The purpose of this land\nuse review is \nto ensure compliance with the regulations of the environmental zones.\n\n\nT he Design (d) overlay zone promotes the conservation and enhancement of\nareas of the City \nwith special historic, architectural or cultural value. New development and\nexterior \nmodifications to existing development must meet the Community Design Standards\n(Chapter \n33.218) or are subject to design review. The provisions of this overlay zone\nallow this use and \nare therefore not specifically addressed in this review.\n\n\nThe Aircraft landing (h) overlay limits the height of structures and\nvegetation in the vicinity of \nthe Portland International Airport; a height contour map is available for\nreview in the \nDevelopment Services Center. The provisions of this overlay zone allow this\nuse and are \ntherefore not specifically addressed in this review.\n\n\nT he Portland International Airport Noise Impact (x) overlay zone reduces the\nimpact of aircraft \nnoise on development within the noise impact area surrounding the Portland\nInternational \nAirport. The zone achieves this by limiting residential densities and by\nrequiring noise \ninsulation, noise disclosure statements, and noise easement. The regulations\nof this zone are \nnot applicable to the proposed slough access improvements.\n\n\nT he Columbia South Shore plan district regulations encourage the development\nof the \nColumbia South Shore as an industrial employment center which is intended to\nattract a \ndiversity of employment opportunities. The plan district regulations also\nprotect significant \nenvironmental and scenic resources and maintain the capacity of the area\ninfrastructure to \naccommodate future development. Because only the mitigation site is within\nthis plan district \nand the planting of native vegetation with handheld equipment and the removal\nof nuisance \nplant species are exempt from the regulations of the plan district, these\nregulations are not \nformally addressed as a part of this environmental review.\n\n\nE nvironmental Resources: The application of the environmental overlay zones\nis based on \ndetailed studies that have been carried out within separate areas throughout\nthe City. \nEnvironmental resources and functional values present in environmental zones\nare described \nin environmental inventory reports for these respective study areas.\n\n\nT he project site is mapped within the Columbia Corridor Environment and\nIndustrial Mapping \nProject as Site #46. Resources and functional values of concern on the project\nsite include \ngroundwater recharge/discharge, drainage, flood storage, fish and wildlife\nhabitat, and other \nfunctional values associated with a forested slough habitat area.\n\n\nT he mitigation site is mapped within the Columbia South Shore Natural\nResources Protection \nPlan as Site C. Resources and functional values of concern on the mitigation\nsite include the \nfollowing associated with a flushed slough and scrub-shrub habitat:\ngroundwater recharge, \ndischarge, drainage, flood storage, erosion control/sediment trapping,\npollution/nutrient \nretention/removal, fish and wildlife habitat, potential recreation, and visual\namenity.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 259260, "type": "text", "content": "F or further information on your recording documents please call the Bureau of\nDevelopment \nServices Land Use Services Division at 503-823-0625.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 259259, "type": "text", "content": "Decision Notice for LU 19-209290 DZ: RF on Parking Garage \u201cF\u201d\n\n\n \nPage 6\n\n\n \n\nProcedural Information. The application for this land use review was submitted\non August \n13, 2019, and was determined to be complete on October 18, 2019.\n\n\nZ oning Code Section 33.700.080 states that Land Use Review applications are\nreviewed under \nthe regulations in effect at the time the application was submitted, provided\nthat the \napplication is complete at the time of submittal, or complete within 180 days.\nTherefore, this \napplication was reviewed against the Zoning Code in effect on August 13, 2019.\n\n\nO RS 227.178 states the City must issue a final decision on Land Use Review\napplications \nwithin 120-days of the application being deemed complete. The 120-day review\nperiod may be \nwaived or extended at the request of the applicant. In this case, the\napplicant did not waive or \nextend the 120-day review period. Unless further extended by the applicant,\nthe 120 days will \nexpire on: February 15, 2020.\n\n\nS ome of the information contained in this report was provided by the\napplicant.\n\n\n \n\nAs required by Section 33.800.060 of the Portland Zoning Code, the burden of\nproof is on the \napplicant to show that the approval criteria are met. The Bureau of\nDevelopment Services has \nindependently reviewed the information submitted by the applicant and has\nincluded this \ninformation only where the Bureau of Development Services has determined the\ninformation \nsatisfactorily demonstrates compliance with the applicable approval criteria.\nThis report is the \ndecision of the Bureau of Development Services with input from other City and\npublic agencies.\n\n\n \n\nC onditions of Approval. If approved, this project may be subject to a number\nof specific \nconditions, listed above. Compliance with the applicable conditions of\napproval must be \ndocumented in all related permit applications. Plans and drawings submitted\nduring the \npermitting process must illustrate how applicable conditions of approval are\nmet. Any project \nelements that are specifically required by conditions of approval must be\nshown on the plans, \nand labeled as such.\n\n\nT hese conditions of approval run with the land, unless modified by future\nland use reviews. As \nused in the conditions, the term \u201capplicant\u201d includes the applicant for this\nland use review, any \nperson undertaking development pursuant to this land use review, the\nproprietor of the use or \ndevelopment approved by this land use review, and the current owner and future\nowners of the \nproperty subject to this land use review.\n\n\nT his decision, and any conditions associated with it, is final. It may be\nappealed to the \nOregon Land Use Board of Appeals (LUBA), within 21 days of the date the\ndecision is mailed, as \nspecified in the Oregon Revised Statute (ORS) 197.830. Among other things, ORS\n197.830 \nrequires that a petitioner at LUBA must have submitted written testimony\nduring the comment \nperiod for this land use review. Contact LUBA at 775 Summer St NE Suite 330,\nSalem, OR \n97301-1283 or phone 1-503-373-1265 for further information.\n\n\nT he file and all evidence on this case are available for your review by\nappointment only. Please \ncall the Request Line at our office, 1900 SW Fourth Avenue, Suite 5000, phone\n503-823-7617, \nto schedule an appointment. I can provide some information over the phone.\nCopies of all \ninformation in the file can be obtained for a fee equal to the cost of\nservices. Additional \ninformation about the City of Portland, city bureaus, and a digital copy of\nthe Portland Zoning \nCode is available on the internet at www.portlandonline.com.\n\n\n# R ecording the final decision.\n\n\n \n\nIf this Land Use Review is approved the final decision will be recorded with\nthe Multnomah \nCounty Recorder.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Unless appealed, the final decision will be recorded after November 13, 2019\nby the \nBureau of Development Services.\n\n\nT he applicant, builder, or a representative does not need to record the final\ndecision with the \nMultnomah County Recorder.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 547923, "type": "text", "content": "# 4\\. Develop an Administrative \nStructure for Scenic Roads \nand Scenic Resources Overlay \nZones \n(see Figure 12)\n\n\n \n\n# Town Board\n\n\n \n\nAs indicated above, the Town Board will be responsible for \ndesignating any scenic road corridor. Nomination for \ndesignation can be received from any Town resident or group, \nand should be forwarded to the Planning Board and the \nHistoric Landmarks Committee for comment.\n\n\n \n\n# Planning Board\n\n\n \n\nThe Planning Board will be responsible for the review of site \nplans and subdivision plans within the scenic overlay and for \nthose developments located along a designated scenic road \ncorridor. For those corridors with design standards, the \nPlanning Board should direct a copy of the site plan to the \nDesign Review Board for their review and comment.\n\n\n \n\n# Design Review Board\n\n\n \n\nAt present, the Architectural Review Board reviews only \narchitectural standards. Since there is a need to expand its \nscope to landscape issues, the Architectural Review Board \nshould be renamed the Design Review Board.\n\n\n \n\nThe Design Review Board should review architectural and site \ndesign guidelines as detailed in the scenic corridor guidelines for \ndesignated scenic corridors. The Board should be designated to \nreview subdivision proposals, proposed site plans and building \npermits with respect to the design guidelines and standards\n\n\n \n\ndefined for scenic corridors. The Board should have the power\n\n\nto approve or deny a plan based on siting, landscape \nrequirements, signage, and exterior alteration affecting \ndesignated properties in the designated scenic corridors, rather \nthan serve merely as an advisory board.\n\n\n \n\nFor site plan review the Design Review Board should review \narchitectural (bulk and massing), landscaping and siting \nstandards and guidelines for all developments located along a \nscenic corridor. For building permits, the Design Review Board \nshould review architectural standards where indicated in the \nScenic Overlay Zone.\n\n\n \n\nThe Design Review Board will receive any subdivision or site \nplans from the Planning Board which are located within any \nscenic corridor. The Review Board will review the plans based \non a detailed set of design guidelines for the district and may \nwork with the site developer to revise the plans in accordance \nwith the guidelines. Upon completion of their review they will \neither approve or deny the plans, and return their findings to \nthe Planning Board.\n\n\n \n\nThe Town staff should place one or more highly regarded \narchitects, landscape architects, and urban designers on retainer\n\n\nPlan and Implementation\n\n\n \nScenic Resources \u2013 March, 1999\n\n\n \n125\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 259256, "type": "text", "content": "Decision Notice for LU 19-209290 DZ: RF on Parking Garage \u201cF\u201d\n\n\n \nPage 3\n\n\nT he Design overlay \u201cd\u201d promotes the conservation and enhancement of areas of\nthe City with \nspecial historic, architectural or cultural value. New development and\nexterior modifications to \nexisting development are subject to design review. This is achieved through\nthe creation of \ndesign districts and applying the Design Overlay Zone as part of community\nplanning projects, \ndevelopment of design guidelines for each district, and by requiring design\nreview. In addition, \ndesign review ensures that certain types of infill development will be\ncompatible with the \nneighborhood and enhance the area.\n\n\nT he Environmental Protection Zone \u201cp\u201d overlay provides the highest level of\nprotection to the \nmost important resources and functional values. These resources and functional\nvalues are \nidentified and assigned value in the inventory and economic, social,\nenvironmental, and energy \n(ESEE) analysis for each specific study area. Development will be approved in\nthe environmental \nprotection zone only in rare and unusual circumstances.\n\n\nT he Scenic Resource Zone \u201cs\u201d overlay is intended to protect Portland\u2019s\nsignificant scenic \nresources as identified in the Scenic Resources Protection Plan; enhance the\nappearance of \nPortland to make it a better place to live and work; create attractive\nentrance ways to Portland \nand its districts; improve Portland\u2019s economic vitality by enhancing the\nCity\u2019s attractiveness to \nits citizens and to visitors; and implement the scenic resource policies and\nobjectives of \nPortland\u2019s Comprehensive Plan. The purposes of the Scenic Recourse zone are\nachieved by \nestablishing height limits within view corridors to protect significant views\nand by establishing \nadditional landscaping and screening standards to preserve and enhance\nidentified scenic \nresources.\n\n\nL and Use History: City records indicate that prior land use reviews include\nthe following:\n\n\nN umerous Land Use Reviews exist on the site, however none have an impact or\nConditions that \nwould apply to these limited RF antenna locations.\n\n\nAgency Review: A Notice of Proposal in your Neighborhood was mailed on October\n22, 2019. \nNo Bureaus responded with comments.\n\n\nN eighborhood Review: A Notice of Proposal in Your Neighborhood was mailed on\nOctober 22, \n2019\\. No written responses have been received from either the Neighborhood\nAssociation or \nnotified property owners in response to the proposal.\n\n\n \n\n# Z ONING CODE APPROVAL CRITERIA\n\n\n# DESIGN REVIEW (33.825)\n\n\n# 3 3.825.010 Purpose\n\n\n \n\n# Design Review ensures:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 That development conserves and enhances the recognized special design values\nof a site or \narea; \n\u2022 The conservation, enhancement, and continued vitality of the identified\nscenic, \narchitectural, and cultural values of each design district; \n\u2022 That certain types of infill development will be compatible with the\nneighborhood and \nenhance the area; and \n\u2022 High design quality of public and private projects.\n\n\nS ection 33.825.055, Design Review Approval Criteria\n\n\n \n\nA design review application will be approved if the review body finds the\napplicant to have \nshown that the proposal complies with the design guidelines for the area.\n\n\nFindings: The site is designated with design overlay zoning (d) and requires\nType II Design \nReview approval. Because the site is located within the Marquam Hill Plan\nDistrict, the \napplicable design guidelines are the Marquam Hill Design Guidelines.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1750511, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:20px'>143</header>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:22px'>Spatial data analysis and long-<br>term conservation planning<br>and monitoring</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Spatial planning uses existing data to pro-<br>vide an integrated perspective on conditions,<br>threats, and opportunities for improved<br>biodiversity conservation across a specific<br>geographic area, and helps to understand<br>trade-offs in decision-making. The use of<br>spatial planning tools typically includes<br>measures to coordinate the spatial impacts<br>of sectoral policies in order to achieve a<br>more even distribution of economic devel-<br>opment across a region or between regions<br>than would otherwise be created by market<br>forces, and to regulate the conversion of land<br>and property uses (Economic Commission<br>for Europe, 2008; Moilanen, Wilson, and<br>Possingham, 2009).</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Some of the decisions and actions that<br>spatial planning typically seeks to support<br>include:</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>More socially and economically bal-<br>anced development within regions, and<br>improved competitiveness;<br>Enhanced transportation and commu-<br>nication networks;<br>Greater access to information and knowl-<br>edge by affected stakeholders;<br>Reduced environmental damage from<br>all infrastructure as well as extractive<br>development;<br>Enhanced protection for biodiversity,<br>ecosystem services, and natural heritage;<br>Enhancement of cultural heritage as a<br>factor for development;<br>Development of energy resources while<br>maintaining safety; and<br>Limits to the impact of natural disasters.</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Since most of these issues are cross-<br>sectoral in nature, effective spatial planning<br>should help to avoid duplication of effort by</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Photo: Mine employee<br>testing stream water,<br>Indonesia. \u00a9 Bardolf Paul</p>\n<figure><img id='7' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(116,744); bottom-right:(1059,1353)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='8' style='font-size:16px'>Chapter 5 Mining</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 259258, "type": "text", "content": "Decision Notice for LU 19-209290 DZ: RF on Parking Garage \u201cF\u201d\n\n\n \nPage 5\n\n\n \n\nsubmitted for a building or zoning permit must demonstrate that all\nrequirements of Title 11 \ncan be met, and that all development standards of Title 33 can be met or have\nreceived an \nAdjustment or Modification via a land use review, prior to the approval of a\nbuilding or zoning \npermit.\n\n\n \n\n# C ONCLUSIONS\n\n\nT he proposed alterations to add three new \u201csmall cell\u201d antennas to the\nbuilding conventionally \nknown as Parking Garage \u201cF\u201d, an 8-story surface parking garage adjacent to the\nDoernbecher \nChildren\u2019s Hospital on the OHSU Campus, maintains the architectural integrity\nand character \nof the building through locating the antennas within the property line of the\nbuilding, attaching \nthem to the underside of the parking garage ceiling, and painting (or wrapped\nwith film) them to \nmatch adjacent surfaces.\n\n\nT he design review process exists to promote the conservation, enhancement,\nand continued \nvitality of areas of the City with special scenic, architectural, or cultural\nvalue. As indicated in \ndetail in the findings above, the proposal meets the applicable design\nguidelines and therefore \nwarrants approval.\n\n\n# A DMINISTRATIVE DECISION\n\n\nDesign Review approval of alterations to the building known as Parking Garage\n\u201cF\u201d, an 8-story \nsurface parking garage adjacent to the Doernbecher Children\u2019s Hospital on the\nOHSU Campus, \nlocated in Sub-District B of the Marquam Hill Plan District.\n\n\nApproval, per the approved site plans, Exhibits C-1 through C-11, signed and\ndated November \n07, 2019, subject to the following conditions:\n\n\n \n\nA. As part of the building permit application submittal, the following\ndevelopment-related \nconditions (B through D) must be noted on each of the four required site plans\nor \nincluded as a sheet in the numbered set of plans. The sheet on which this\ninformation \nappears must be labeled \"ZONING COMPLIANCE PAGE- Case File LU 19-209290 DZ.\" \nAll requirements must be graphically represented on the site plan, landscape,\nor other \nrequired plan and must be labeled \"REQUIRED.\"\n\n\nB. At the time of building permit submittal, a signed Certificate of\nCompliance form \n(https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bds/article/623658) must be submitted to\nensure the \npermit plans comply with the Design/Historic Resource Review decision and\napproved \nexhibits.\n\n\nC. The concealment applying to all antennas is as follows: the existing mature\nconifer trees \nmust be maintained as buffer and screening; all proposed antennas must be\nmounted to \nthe underside of the parking garage ceiling consistent with the installation\nof antennas \nin this submittal; all proposed antennas must be entirely located within the\nproperty line \nof the building and may not extend over the building\u2019s property line; all\nantennas and \naccessory equipment must be painted to match (or wrapped with film, as is the\ncase with \n5G antennas due to their not being able to be painted) to match adjacent\nsurfaces (in \nthis case grey).\n\n\n \n\nD. NO FIELD CHANGES ALLOWED\n\n\n# S taff Planner: Arthur Graves\n\n\nD ecision rendered by: ____________________________________________ on\nNovember 07, 2019.\n\n\n \n\nBy authority of the Director of the Bureau of Development Services\n\n\nD ecision mailed November 13, 2019.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3028644, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='24' style='font-size:14px'>Decision Notice for LU 15-119318 HR GW</header>\n<br><header id='25' style='font-size:14px'>Page 3</header>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he Greenway Overlay Zones, designated as \u201cg\u201d, \u201ci\u201d, \u201cn\u201d, \u201cq\u201d or \u201cr\u201d are intended to protect,<br>conserve, enhance, and maintain the natural, scenic, historical, economic, and recreational<br>qualities of lands along Portland's rivers; establish criteria, standards, and procedures for the<br>development of land, change of uses, and the intensification of uses within the greenway;<br>increase public access to and along the Willamette River for the purpose of increasing<br>recreational opportunities, providing emergency vehicle access, assisting in flood protection and<br>control, providing connections to other transportation systems, and helping to create a<br>pleasant, aesthetically pleasing urban environment; implement the City's Willamette Greenway<br>responsibilities as required by ORS 390.310 to 390.368; and implement the water quality<br>performance standards of Metro\u2019s Title 3.</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0fa The River General \u201cg\u201d allows for uses and development which are consistent with the<br>base zoning, which allow for public use and enjoyment of the waterfront, and which<br>enhance the river's natural and scenic qualities.</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he Historic Resource Protection overlay is comprised of Historic and Conservation Districts, as<br>well as Historic and Conservation Landmarks and protects certain historic resources in the<br>region and preserves significant parts of the region\u2019s heritage. The regulations implement<br>Portland\u2019s Comprehensive Plan policies that address historic preservation. These policies<br>recognize the role historic resources have in promoting the education and enjoyment of those<br>living in and visiting the region. The regulations foster pride among the region\u2019s citizens in their<br>city and its heritage. Historic preservation beautifies the city, promotes the city\u2019s economic<br>health, and helps to preserve and enhance the value of historic properties.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>L and Use History: City records indicate that prior land use reviews include the following:</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 259257, "type": "text", "content": "Decision Notice for LU 19-209290 DZ: RF on Parking Garage \u201cF\u201d\n\n\n \nPage 4\n\n\nS taff has considered all guidelines and has addressed only those guidelines\nconsidered \napplicable to this project.\n\n\nM arquam Hill Design Guidelines\n\n\n2 . Develop Integrated Building Rooftops. Size and place rooftop penthouses,\nmechanical \nequipment and related screening elements to mitigate their impacts on views of\nthe buildings. \nConsider the incorporation of rooftop gardens and/or roof-level stormwater\nmanagement \nsystems to enhance views of and views onto the rooftops of buildings and\nparking structures. \n6\\. Support the Pedestrian Network with New Development. Support the\npedestrian network \nby developing building facades that create strong physical and visual\nconnections to the system. \nIncorporate building equipment and/or service areas in a manner that does not\ndetract from the \npedestrian environment, including trails.\n\n\nFindings for 2 and 6: While the three proposed antennas are located on the\nparking \ngarage\u2019s upper levels, all are located within the footprint and property line\nof the building \n(meaning none are proposed to extend out from the building) and none are sited\non the \nroof, which is clearly visible from the following buildings and prominent\nadjacent features \non the OHSU Campus: Doernbecher Children\u2019s Hospital, the skybridge connecting\nto \nVeterans Administrations Medical Center, the OHSU Hospital building, Kohler\nPavilion, \nand the Portland Aerial Tram. In addition, the proposed 4G and 5G antennas\nwill not \ndirectly negatively impact the pedestrian environment because of their being\nlocated in the \nupper floors of the building and away from the pedestrian realm: the 7th floor\nof the north \nelevation (see Exhibit C-3); the 8th floor of the west elevation; and the 8th\nfloor of the south \nelevation (see Exhibit C-4). Additional aspects in the proposed location of\neach new \nantenna also help to minimize the overall impact on the pedestrian\nenvironment; the north \nfacing antenna is located on the back-of-house portion of building on (upper)\nSW Campus \nDrive (facing the loading area for the OHSU Hospital building) where there is\nlimited \npedestrian access and activity; the west facing antenna is located on an\nelevation with \nexisting established mature conifer trees that are taller than the existing\nelevation of the \nbuilding, providing partial screening from the pedestrian realm; and the south\nantenna is \nobscured and partially screened from the pedestrian environment by Doernbecher \nChildren\u2019s Hospital\u2019s structural columns. Collectively, the proposed addition\nof the three \nantennas, which are all mounted to the underside of the parking garage ceiling\n(and not \nextending past the property line of the building) while being painted (or\nfilmed \u2013 as is the \ncase with the 5G antennas) to match the predominant field color of the\nbuilding wall \n(currently grey), will further ensure that pedestrian environment is not\ndetracted from with \nthe proposed application. Staff has added the following conditions of approval\nto maintain \nthe low impact of antennas on this building and the surrounding areas:\nexisting mature \nconifer trees must be maintained as buffer and screening; all proposed\nantennas must be \nmounted to the underside of the parking garage ceiling; all proposed antennas\nmust be \nentirely located within the property line of the building and may not extend\nover the \nbuilding\u2019s property line; all antennas and accessory equipment must be painted\nto match \n(or wrapped with film, as is the case with 5G antennas due to their not being\nable to be \npainted) to match adjacent surfaces (in this case grey).\n\n\n \n\nW ith the condition of approval that the existing mature conifer trees must be\nmaintained as \nbuffer and screening; all proposed antennas must be mounted to the underside\nof the \nparking garage ceiling consistent with the installation of antennas in this\nsubmittal; all \nproposed antennas must be entirely located within the property line of the\nbuilding and may \nnot extend over the building\u2019s property line; all antennas and accessory\nequipment must be \npainted to match (or wrapped with film, as is the case with 5G antennas due to\ntheir not \nbeing able to be painted) to match adjacent surfaces (in this case grey);\nthese Guidelines are \ntherefore met.\n\n\n# D EVELOPMENT STANDARDS\n\n\nU nless specifically required in the approval criteria listed above, this\nproposal does not have to \nmeet the development standards in order to be approved during this review\nprocess. The plans\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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A pending appeal to add more scenic resources is influenced by economic viability, resident satisfaction, and city developmental plans. If existing guidelines require both design overlay compliance and minimal environmental disruption, how should a city planner evaluate potential trade-offs, and what numerical or spatial tools could assist in decision-making?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 738, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 198145, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Online Library Fabrics A Guide For Interior Designers And Architects Norton Professional Books For Architects<br>And Designers</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>9780393730623 - Fabrics A Guide for Interior Designers and ...</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If the fabric is between 8,000 to 10,000 double rubs, it is designed for light use and it won\u2019t sustain everyday wear and tear. Medium use upholstery<br>fabric is between 10,000 to 15,000 double rubs....</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Know Your Fabrics: A Furniture Upholstery Guide | by ...</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>fabrics for interiors is the first and only book specifically about furnishings fabrics and how to use them. Fifteen years in preparation, it combines the<br>cumulative up-to-the-minute experience of two of the best-known and most influential professionals in the field, jack lenore larsen and jeanne<br>weeks.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics for Interiors: A Guide for Architects, Designers ...</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>by The House Directory KOTHEA is a leading supplier of fabrics to interior designers with a range that includes an excellent selection of textured<br>fabrics: linen weaves, sheer voiles, faux leathers, Italian silk velvets, mohair, cashmere. Here Mark Gee guides you through the process of selecting<br>the best types of fabrics for all applications.</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A designer's guide to fabrics, by KOTHEA - The House Directory</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabric patterns come in all kinds of colors, shapes, sizes, repeats, and schemes. That\u2019s why picking the right fabric patterns\u2014and mixing prints\u2014can<br>be tricky. So we called on a handful of our favorite designers to help us break down the basics behind some of the most popular fabric patterns out<br>there.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A Guide to the Most Common Fabric Patterns Used in ...</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Swatch Reference Guide for Interior Design is a complete learning tool for interior fabrics. An all-in-one text and swatch book, it is replete with 145<br>contemporary swatches relevant to the field of interior design. This reference offers all the pertinent information needed for fabric identification,<br>analysis, acquisition, and usage. Through the text and assembly of the kit, readers will learn ...</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Swatch Reference Guide for Interior Design Fabrics ...</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Swatch Reference Guide for Interior Design is a complete learning tool for interior fabrics. An all-in-one text and swatch book, it is replete with 145<br>contemporary swatches relevant to the field of interior design. This reference offers all the pertinent information needed for fabric identification,<br>analysis, acquisition, and usage.</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>SWATCH REFERENCE GUIDE FOR INTERIOR DESIGN FABRICS</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Buy a cheap copy of Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers... book by Marypaul Yates. Fabrics provides designers with the information needed to<br>make their fabric specifications easy, informed, and appropriate to the job at hand, considering... Free shipping over $10.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers... book by ...</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If we had to pick the essential furnishing textile, there\u2019s a good chance that it would be linen. Linen is a natural fabric produced from flax fibers, and<br>in interior design, its strength and durability paired with its rich texture, cool touch, and color versatility makes it perfect for upholstering furniture.<br>When to use linen:</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Kathy Kuo Home Ultimate Fabric & Textile Guide</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our Guide to Bedding Fabrics. ... With just a piece of pegboard, some foam, and a swath of material, you can create a product worthy of any interior</p>\n<br><footer id='37' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2/3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 682781, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='17' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>o From 2014-2019, establish a database of technologies (related to equipment/machineries and<br>production processes including processing of raw materials.)<br>o Every 2 to 3 years, sourcing of technologies and establish local fabricators/sources/suppliers and<br>identification of outside sources.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 492358, "type": "text", "content": " \nINFORMATION\n\n\n \n\n# Effective April 1, 2021\n\n\n \n\n# Mayer Fabric Grading\n\n\n \n\nGrades and availability of fabric are subject to change without notice Changes\ncould include but are not limited to price increases, discontinued patterns, \ndiscontinued colors, etc See jsifurniture com for updated information\n\n\n \n\nFor memo samples order online at www mayerfabrics com or call Mayer at\n800-428-4415\n\n\nPatterns are not available on all JSI products Check with Customer Service for\napplication status\n\n\n \n24 INFORMATION\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 492748, "type": "html", "content": "<br><header id='41' style='font-size:20px'>INFORMATION</header>\n<br><h1 id='42' style='font-size:16px'>Effective April 1, 2021</h1>\n<br><h1 id='43' style='font-size:18px'>Designtex Fabric Grading</h1>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Grades and availability of fabric are subject to change without notice Changes could include but are not limited to price increases, discontinued patterns,<br>discontinued colors, etc See jsifurniture com for updated information</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For memo samples order online at www designtex com or call Designtex at 800-221-1540</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 198144, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Online Library Fabrics A Guide For Interior Designers And Architects Norton Professional Books For Architects<br>And Designers</p>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Fabrics A Guide For Interior Designers And Architects Norton Professional Books<br>For Architects And Designers</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>As recognized, adventure as competently as experience more or less lesson, amusement, as without difficulty as bargain can be gotten by just<br>checking out a ebook fabrics a guide for interior designers and architects norton professional books for architects and designers<br>addition to it is not directly done, you could assume even more with reference to this life, around the world.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>in</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We have the funds for you this proper as skillfully as easy exaggeration to acquire those all. We meet the expense of fabrics a guide for interior<br>designers and architects norton professional books for architects and designers and numerous book collections from fictions to scientific research<br>any way. in the middle of them is this fabrics a guide for interior designers and architects norton professional books for architects and designers that<br>can be your partner.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>in</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Finding the Free Ebooks. Another easy way to get Free Google eBooks is to just go to the Google Play store and browse. Top Free in Books is a<br>browsing category that lists this week's most popular free downloads. This includes public domain books and promotional books that legal copyright<br>holders wanted to give away for free.</p>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics A Guide For Interior</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects (Norton Professional Books for Architects & Designers) [Yates, Marypaul] on Amazon.com.<br>*FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects (Norton Professional Books for Architects & Designers)</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects ...</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This thorough handbook by a textile professional describes and illustrates fibers and yarns, fabric structures, fabric design, dye and printing<br>processes, finishes and treatments, styles and applications of cloth for furniture, window-, wall-, and floor coverings. Also covered are testing and<br>flaws; the fabric industry, and professional practice.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects by ...</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects Norton Professional Books for Architects & Designers: Author: Marypaul Yates: Edition:<br>illustrated: Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company, 2002:...</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects ...</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Casement \u2013 Sheer, open-weave fabric made of a variety of fibers, used for curtains and drapery backing. Challis \u2013 Soft, lightweight, plain weave<br>fabric with a slightly brushed surface. The fabric is often printed, usually in a floral pattern. Challis is most often seen in fabrics made of cotton, wool,<br>or rayon.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabric Dictionary: A Complete Guide for Interior Designers</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fabrics : A Hanbook for Interior Designers and Architects by Marypaul Yates. Norton & Company, Incorporated, W. W., 2002. Hardcover. Acceptable.<br>Disclaimer:A readable copy. All pages are intact, and the cover is intact. Pages can include considerable notes-in pen or highlighter-but the notes<br>cannot obscure the text. At ThriftBooks, our motto is: Read More, Spend Less.Dust jacket quality is not ...</p>\n<footer id='17' style='font-size:14px'>Page 1/3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 698371, "type": "text", "content": "ARCHITECTURE 187\n\n\nTEXTBOOK \u2022 READER\n\n\n \n\n# Undergraduate Research in Architecture\n\n\n \n\n# A Guide for Students\n\n\n \n\nD. Andrew Vernooy, Jenny Olin Shanahan and Gregory \nYoung\n\n\n \n\nSeries: Routledge Undergraduate Research Series\n\n\n# Routledge\n\n\n \n\nUndergraduate Research in Architecture: A Guide for Students \nsupplies tools for scaffolding research skills, with examples of \nundergraduate research activities and case studies on projects \nin the various areas of architecture study. Undergraduate \nresearch has become a common degree requirement in some \ndisciplines and is growing rapidly. Many undergraduate activities \nin music have components that could be combined into \ncompelling undergraduate research projects, either in the \nrequired curriculum, as part of existing courses, or in capstone \ncourses centered on undergraduate research.\n\n\nMarket: Architecture \n229 x 152: 192pp: 46 illus: 39 halftones: 7 line drawings: 5 tables \nHb: 978-0-367-41563-1: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-41562-4: Mar 2021:\n\u00a334.99 \neBook: 978-0-367-81524-0: Mar 2021 \n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367415624\n\n\n# Dummy text to keep placeholder\n\n\n \n\n# Kenosis Creativity Architecture\n\n\n \n\n# Appearance through Emptying\n\n\n \n\nRandall S. Lindstrom, University of Tasmania, Australia\n\n\n \n\nSeries: Routledge Research in Architecture\n\n\n \n\nThis book locates and explores creativity\u2019s grounding in the \nconcept of kenosis, an \u2018emptying\u2019, that allows the space for \ncreativity to take place. It connects the materiality of architecture \nto philosophy and theology, introducing kenotic thought \nthrough eight projects located in North America, Europe, the \nMiddle East and East Asia. The author shows that these products \nof human creativity can accommodate further creative pursuits, \nincluding research, commerce and worship. The projects \nrepresent the work of Louis Kahn, I. M. Pei, Tadao Ando, and \nDaniel Libeskind and will be of interest to researchers and \npostgraduates in architecture, philosophy and theological\n\n\n \n\n# thought.\n\n\n \n\n# Routledge\n\n\n \n\nMarket: Architectural Theory / Philosophy\n\n\n \n\n234x156: 312pp: 23 illus: 23 halftones\n\n\n \n\nHb: 978-0-367-52218-6: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-05697-3: Mar 2021\n\n\n \n\n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367522186\n\n\n# Dummy text to keep placeholder\n\n\n \n\n# Progressive Studio Pedagogy\n\n\n \n\nExamples from Architecture and Allied Design Fields\n\n\n \n\nDummy text to keep placeholder\n\n\n# Routledge\n\n\n \n\nEdited by Igea Troiani and Suzanne Ewing\n\n\n \n\nSpaces of Tolerance\n\n\nSpaces of Tolerance addresses the topic of tolerance in architectural\nproduction. Through \nexamining the boundaries of where discourses, practices and designs are\nconsidered \npublishable (suitable to be made public) or not, the book exposes criteria and\ncultures \nwhich censor architecture so as to offer ways that architecture can be more\ninclusive and \ndiverse for society at large. \nThe chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the\njournal \nArchitecture and Culture. \nRoutledge \nMarket: Architecture and Culture \n246x174: 170pp \nHb: 978-0-367-67665-0: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-13226-4: Mar 2021 \n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367676650\n\n\nMarket: Design Education \n216x138: 146pp: 20 illus: 12 halftones: 5 line drawings: 2 tables \nHb: 978-0-367-64913-5: Dec 2020: \u00a345.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-12691-1: Dec 2020 \n* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367649135\n\n\nwww.tandf.co.uk/eupdates Email: info@taylorandfrancis.co.uk\nwww.tandfebooks.com \nfor e-mail updates in your field for more information eBooks for Libraries &\nInstitutions\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 454745, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>All the components of the archetype set have varying lifetimes. For the purposes of this<br>report, where specific lifetimes could be defined, they are used, but in other cases the<br>requirements of international building codes in similar climates are followed. While some of<br>the more recent window developments have been less concerned with durability than with<br>aesthetics, there remains the benchmark of element maintenance/replacement required<br>every 5 years for elements that are visible and easily replaced, and 15 years for elements<br>that are non structural.</p>\n<footer id='20' style='font-size:14px'>7</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 198146, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Online Library Fabrics A Guide For Interior Designers And Architects Norton Professional Books For Architects<br>And Designers</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>design magazine. When choosing the fabric for this type of upholstery project, we recommend something durable yet soft.</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Our Guide to Bedding Fabrics | WeaveUp</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PDF Fabrics A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects Norton Professional Books for PDF Book Free. Aidee. 0:29 [READ] Mobi Fabrics: A Guide for<br>Interior Designers and Architects (Norton Professional Books for. Christianne Lagerfeld. 10:04. Best Laptops for Architects nad interior designers.</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>[BEST SELLING] Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>E-study Guide For: Interior Textiles : Fabrics, Application, And Historic Style By Karla J. Nielson, Isbn 9780471606406 - Cram101 Textbook Reviews</p>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>E Study Guide For Interior Textiles Fabrics A by Shiela ...</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Designers Guild offers a huge array of printed, plain, almost plain, and textured fabrics for curtains and upholstery. Stylish, modern and utterly<br>versatile, our plains and textures work perfectly in their own right, as well as coordinating with any of our printed fabrics and wallpapers.</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>All Designers Guild Fabrics | Curtains & Upholstery ...</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The interior design side of Nina\u2019s business continued to flourish alongside these new ventures, with notable high-profile projects including the Hotel<br>Parc Victor Hugo in Paris, the Groucho Club in London and the Campbell Apartment Bar at New York\u2019s Grand Central Station, alongside private<br>residences all over the world (some of which can be seen in Giles Kime\u2019s monograph, Nina Campbell ...</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Nina Campbell | Design, Walls & Fabrics | Interiors Guide</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Sustainable design and code issues are also considered. More than 500 illustrations and photographs elucidate key ideas. This survey of textiles for<br>interior design is divided into three main parts: Fabrics: The interior design textile industry and marketplace. A study of fibers, yarns, constructions,<br>and finishes. Codes and \"green\" design.</p>\n<h1 id='51' style='font-size:18px'>Copyright code: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.</h1>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright : angelsttouch.be</p>\n<br><footer id='53' style='font-size:16px'>Page 3/3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 698791, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='119' style='font-size:20px'>186 ARCHITECTURE</header>\n<p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><h1 id='121' style='font-size:22px'>Presenting Difficult Pasts Through Architecture</h1>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Converting Nazi Perpetrators' Sites to Documentation Centers<br>Rumiko Handa</p>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Presenting Difficult Pasts through Architecture analyses four centers\u2014Cologne, Nuremberg,<br>Berlin, and Munich\u2014and their shared intent to make material evidence of National Socialism<br>involvement in authentic perpetrator sites which were part ofboth peaceful prior histories<br>and now part of current everyday life. Applying original frameworks, Handa considers what<br>more architectural design could do toward meaningful representations and interpretations.</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge<br>Market: Architecture<br>234x156: 240pp: 86 illus: 86 halftones<br>Hb: 978-0-367-21761-7: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-21762-4: Mar 2021: \u00a334.99<br>eBook: 978-0-429-26589-1: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367217624</p>\n<p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dummy text to keep placeholder</p>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Research Methods for the Architectural Profession</p>\n<figure><img id='127' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(84,519); bottom-right:(237,725)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ajla Aksamija, University of Mass. Amherst, USA<br>Research Methods for the Architectural Profession introduces<br>research as a systematic process, describes how to formulate<br>research questions, provides an in-depth explanation of different<br>research methods, explains how to select appropriate research<br>methods, and execute research studies. Most importantly, it<br>provides guidelines for integrating research into profession, and<br>uses extensive case-studies and practice-relevant examples to<br>illustrate main concepts, procedures, and applications.<br>Richly illustrated with over 150 color images, this reference will<br>be useful for both students and practitioners.</p>\n<br><p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge<br>Market: Architecture</p>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>254 x 178: 216pp: 164 illus: 90 halftones: 52 line drawings: 22 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-43397-0: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-43396-3: Mar 2021: \u00a329.99<br>eBook: 978-1-003-00293-2: Mar 2021</p>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367433963</p>\n<p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2nd Edition \u2022 NEW EDITION</p>\n<br><h1 id='133' style='font-size:22px'>Small Projects Handbook</h1>\n<figure><img id='134' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(86,931); bottom-right:(235,1115)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Nigel Ostime, whiteroom architecture, London, UK<br>This hands-on, no-nonsense guide to running smaller projects<br>\u2013 most under \u00a3250,000 in value \u2013 will become your 'bible' in<br>day-to-day practice. Smaller practices often find it hard to turn<br>a profit as they spend too much time and money, especially on<br>the design stages, trying to compete and are unsure as to what<br>they can safely dispense with whilst still being rigorous and<br>delivering quality. This book provides reassurance as to how to<br>achieve great results on a budget, utilising stripped-back and<br>efficient solutions, while following the principles and stages of<br>the RIBA Plan of Work.</p>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>RIBA Publishing<br>Market: Professional Practice<br>246x189: 224pp<br>Pb: 978-1-859-46967-5: Feb 2021: \u00a335.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-10861-0: Feb 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9781859469675</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Urban Playground</p>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>How Child-Friendly Planning and Design Can Save Cities</p>\n<br><p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Tim Gill</p>\n<br><figure><img id='140' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(633,158); bottom-right:(782,347)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This book reveals how seeing cities through the eyes of children<br>strengthens the case for planning and transportation policies<br>that work for people of all ages, and for the planet. It shows how<br>urban designers and city planners can incorporate child friendly<br>insights and ideas into their masterplans, public spaces and<br>streetscapes. Healthier children mean happier families, stronger<br>communities, greener neighbourhoods, and an economy<br>focused on the long-term. Make cities better for everyone.</p>\n<p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RIBA Publishing<br>Market: Architecture<br>246x189: 208pp<br>Pb: 978-1-859-46929-3: Feb 2021: \u00a338.00 \u2022 eBook: 978-1-003-10865-8: Feb 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9781859469293</p>\n<p id='143' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>TEXTBOOK \u2022 READER</p>\n<br><p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Architecture is a Verb</p>\n<figure><img id='145' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(634,529); bottom-right:(780,737)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='146' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sarah Robinson, Aalborg University, Denmark<br>Architecture is a Verb outlines an approach that shifts the<br>fundamental premises of architectural design and practice in<br>several important ways. It asks what a building does\u2014that is,<br>extends the performative functional interpretation of design to<br>interrogate how buildings move and in turn move us, how they<br>shape thought and action. This book articulates concrete<br>situations by developing a taxonomy of human/building<br>interactions. Written in engaging prose for students of<br>architecture, interiors and urban design, as well as practising<br>professionals, Sarah Robinson offers richly illustrated practical<br>examples for a new generation of designers.</p>\n<br><p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</p>\n<br><p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Architecture / Environmental Design<br>229 x 152: 280pp: 61 illus: 59 halftones: 1 line drawings: 1 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-61037-1: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-61036-4: Mar 2021: \u00a332.99<br>eBook: 978-1-003-10300-4: Mar 2021<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367610364</p>\n<p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2nd Edition \u2022 TEXTBOOK \u2022 READER</p>\n<br><h1 id='150' style='font-size:22px'>The Art of City Sketching</h1>\n<br><p id='151' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A Field Manual</p>\n<figure><img id='152' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(638,975); bottom-right:(773,1138)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='153' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Michael C. Abrams, Clinical Associate Professor at the<br>University of Maryland-College Park</p>\n<p id='154' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>with imagination and sensibility.</p>\n<br><p id='155' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Art of City Sketching: A Field Manual guides readers through<br>the process of free-hand architectural sketching and explains<br>orthographic, diagrammatic, three-dimensional, and<br>perceptual-type drawings.<br>The new edition of The Art of City Sketching expands on the<br>drawing techniques of the previous version by adding new<br>drawing examples, exercises, and two new chapters--Chiaroscuro<br>and Storyboard. The lessons in this book will allow those with<br>beginners, intermediate, and advanced skills to mix method</p>\n<p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Routledge</p>\n<br><p id='157' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Market: Architecture / Urban Design<br>210 x 280: 384pp: 717 illus: 702 halftones: 15 tables<br>Hb: 978-0-367-45899-7: Mar 2021: \u00a3120.00 \u2022 Pb: 978-0-367-45896-6: Mar 2021: \u00a342.99<br>eBook: 978-1-003-02603-7: Mar 2021 \u2022 Prev. Ed Pb: 978-0-415-81781-3<br>* For full contents and more information, visit: www.routledge.com/9780367458966</p>\n<footer id='158' style='font-size:16px'>+44 (0)1235 400524 +44 (0)1235 400525</footer>\n<br><footer id='159' style='font-size:16px'>www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/books</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 915697, "type": "text", "content": "# 7\\. DURABILITY\n\n\n# 7.1 EVALUATION\n\n\nDurability is defined in the ABCB handbook as \u201c... the capability of a\nbuilding or plumbing installation to \nperform its function over a specified period.\u201d\n\n\nThe ABCB handbook also provides this context for consideration: \u201cDurability is\nnot an inherent property \nof a material or component. It is the outcome of complex interactions among a\nnumber of factors.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nFor building components durability is described in terms of design life. The\ndurability performance of a \nbuilding by its ability to remain fit-for-purpose over its design life in the\nenvironment it is subjected to \nand with appropriate maintenance.\n\n\n \n\nThe minimum design life for a wall cladding system on a building with a normal\ndesign life category is 15 \nyears (refer to ABCB Handbook table 3.1).\n\n\n# 7.2 STRUCTURAL\n\n\nThe NCC referenced standard for actions on buildings AS/NZ 1170 series\nprovides direction for \ndetermining the appropriate loads on building components. Typically, a 50-year\ndesign life is the basis \nfor structural design.\n\n\n \n\nThe design capacity of Vitradual and its supports and fixings, must be\ndetermined in accordance with this \ndesign life using verification method BV1.\n\n\n \n\nProject specifications for Vitradual that are created in accordance with this\ndocument therefore have \nstructural adequacy for a design life of 50 years.\n\n\n# 7.3 MATERIAL PROPERTIES\n\n\nVitradual has been subject to many tests and assessments concerning laminating\nstrength of the product. \nFor durability of the paint finishes used on Vitradual, refer to Kynar 500\u00ae\nFSF\u00ae documentation available \nat https://www.kynar500.com/en/resources.\n\n\n \n\nKynar 500\u00ae resin has been exposed to over 50 years of South Florida exposure\ntesting with excellent \nresults.\n\n\n13\n\n\n \nVITRADUAL - TECHNICAL INFORMATION\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If 'Fabrics: A Guide for Interior Designers and Architects' was published in 2002 and the designer needs updated information every 5 years for best practices, in what year should the 5th update have occurred? Also, how would the designer use this timeline to assess fabric durability considering new technological advancements?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 741, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2510494, "type": "text", "content": "# SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS (SKILLS, ABILITIES, LICENSE)\n\n\n\uf0b7 Proven expertise in marketing strategy, marketing analytics, brand\ndevelopment, and \nmarketing communications leadership, development, and execution. \n\uf0b7 Ten years of experience as a communications professional \n\uf0b7 Experience in a multi-segment marketing environment utilizing both mass and \ncustomized communications across multiple platforms. \n\uf0b7 Demonstrated ability to contribute at both a strategic and an operational\nlevel. \n\uf0b7 Experience in a complex organization, with a successful leadership track\nrecord in multi- \nconstituency and consensus driven cultures. \n\uf0b7 Strong manager with excellent organization and people skills and the ability\nto set \npriorities, problem-solve, multi-task, and work well under pressure. \n\uf0b7 Ability to work well under pressure and coordinate multiple projects\nsimultaneously, \nproducing quality results on time and on budget \n\uf0b7 Effective communicator with strong writing/editing skills. \n\uf0b7 Effective network of part-time/consultant resources upon whom to call for\nspecific \nprojects. \n\uf0b7 Innovative, creative, with a high amount of energy; personal grace and good\nhumor. \n\uf0b7 A steady temperament and ability to practice diplomacy in conveying\ninformation to \nmultiple constituents. \n\uf0b7 Passion for strengthening the Jewish community and/or familiarity with\nnonprofit, \nphilanthropic-based organizations.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2510497, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='13' style='font-size:18px'>SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS (SKILLS, ABILITIES, LICENSE)</h1>\n<p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 Proven expertise in marketing strategy, marketing analytics, brand development, and<br>marketing communications leadership, development, and execution.<br>\uf0b7 Ten years of experience as a communications professional<br>\uf0b7 Experience in a multi-segment marketing environment utilizing both mass and<br>customized communications across multiple platforms.<br>\uf0b7 Demonstrated ability to contribute at both a strategic and an operational level.<br>\uf0b7 Experience in a complex organization, with a successful leadership track record in multi-<br>constituency and consensus driven cultures.<br>\uf0b7 Strong manager with excellent organization and people skills and the ability to set<br>priorities, problem-solve, multi-task, and work well under pressure.<br>\uf0b7 Ability to work well under pressure and coordinate multiple projects simultaneously,<br>producing quality results on time and on budget<br>\uf0b7 Effective communicator with strong writing/editing skills.<br>\uf0b7 Effective network of part-time/consultant resources upon whom to call for specific<br>projects.<br>\uf0b7 Innovative, creative, with a high amount of energy; personal grace and good humor.<br>\uf0b7 A steady temperament and ability to practice diplomacy in conveying information to<br>multiple constituents.<br>\uf0b7 Passion for strengthening the Jewish community and/or familiarity with nonprofit,<br>philanthropic-based organizations.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3576106, "type": "text", "content": "\u2022 Conceptualizing pre-event campaigns that capitalize on the opportunities\nbrought about by \nmoments. \n\u2022 Orchestrating moments during the event that can create a sense of missing\nout for all those \nnot attending in person. \n\u2022 Devise a plan to promote your message once the event is over.\n\n\n# HOW TO MAKE YOUR EVENT MOMENT- \nREADY\n\n\nMaking your event moment-ready involves a great deal of agility and\nflexibility in your team. \nA rigid structure, a complex decision-making process and strong adherence to\nthe status-quo, \nwill inevitably translate into failure. We identified four characteristics of\nthe moment-ready \nevent team:\n\n\n# CREATIVITY\n\n\n \n\nThe average Internet user breathes the \u2018been there, done that\u2019 mantra. Ten\nyears going viral \nwas as easy as being a cute cat. And while kitties still have a place in\ntoday\u2019s Internet, surprise, \nemotion, play, and influence are more difficult to achieve every day.\n\n\nOnly the most creative marketing teams will be successful at Moment Marketing.\nCreativity \nis not only limited to the copy of your website, promotional material, social\nupdates or \nremarketing banners. Moment marketers need to be creative in interpreting data\nthat can lead \nto identifying valuable moments. They should think outside the box to spot\ntrends, patterns, \nand insights that could drive marketing decisions. Moreover, live experience\nprofessionals \nare also called to be extremely creative in planning memorable moments during\nthe event. \nMoments that can act as small marketing campaigns to recruit attendees.\n\n\nFLEXIBILITY\n\n\n \n\nMoments can be unexpected. As much as you can plan them, sometimes they just\nhappen. \nHaving a team that is empowered to create those moments has consistently been\npart of \nsuccessful experience design teams. Recreational parks and household names in\nhotels \nempower their staff to follow their gut creating memorable experiences.\n\n\nDuring the latest National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) basketball\nfinals, the \nunderdog University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), seed 16 (or last), in\nthe ranking \nwent on to beat Virginia, seed number 1, for the first time in history. The\nevent in itself is\n\n\n9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 359325, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A B L O G P U B L I S H E D B Y S K Y L I M I T M A R K E T I N G , M Y E R S T O W N , P A</p>\n<figure><img id='1' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(0,75); bottom-right:(301,396)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:20px'>Monthly</h1>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:22px'>Marketing Morsels</h1>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>Books make<br>great gifts!</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Order your<br>signed copy now.<br>Free Shipping.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>HARDCOVER - $21.20<br>Tax included</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SOFTCOVER - $15.90<br>Tax included</p>\n<br><h1 id='8' style='font-size:20px'>? ART OR A SCIENCE? ?<br>IS MARKETING AN</h1>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Unsigned Kindle version<br>- $3.99 www.amazon.com</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Contact:<br>jack@skylimitmarketing.com<br>or 717-269-0288</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Mailing address:<br>19 Springhouse Drive<br>Myerstown, PA 17067</p>\n<figure><img id='12' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(90,1001); bottom-right:(278,1272)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>HAPPY SUMMER.<br>TIME TO TACKLE A TOPIC THAT IS NOT TOO SERIOUS.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I first wanted to ask, \u201cWhich came first,<br>the chicken or the egg?\u201d but could not build<br>on that as a Marketing Morsel. So, I chose<br>this one instead - \u201cIs marketing an art or a<br>science?\u201d I guess the answer depends on<br>which side of your brain dominates your<br>thinking.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>So let us prepare for the debate. In this<br>corner stands the CEO. He or she is the<br>science person. \u201cAll decisions must be<br>based on solid data.\u201d Left brain rules here.<br>They conclude that the purpose of market-<br>ing is to influence the behaviors of other<br>people. So, we rely on data about human<br>psychology and how people react to stimuli<br>determined by facts and figures. Data, they<br>conclude, drives marketing decisions that<br>are strategically more effective. Since the<br>CEO is \u201cthe buck stops here\u201d person, it is a<br>good idea to listen to what is being said.</p>\n<figure><img id='16' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(86,1345); bottom-right:(283,1555)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Call Jack Cantwell at Skylimit Marketing<br>717-269-0288<br>for a free consultation.<br>You can also email<br>jack@skylimitmarketing.com<br>or visit www.skylimitmarketing.com</p>\n<br><h1 id='18' style='font-size:18px'>july 2021</h1>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>As for myself, I lean more to the \u201cart\u201d<br>side. Science, albeit important to structing<br>a campaign strategy, and helps identify<br>consumer motivation, takes a back seat to<br>stimulating storytelling and the use of our<br>language skills. Nike used the right three<br>words, \u201cJust do it\u201d to define what its target<br>audience needed to hear vis-a vis the use<br>of the product.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In the end, there should be no debate at<br>all. The best work a marketer can create<br>relies on some combination of art and<br>science Tools like SEO, costs per click, cost<br>per thousand, and measured behavior<br>patterns, the use of social media and email<br>marketing (both measurable) all support the<br>legitimacy of the talented storytelling guru.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ok\u2026here is the real answer\u2026it is a<br>combination of both. I hope we all find our<br>own groove and prosper.</p>\n<figure><img id='22' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"We Plan. I Write. You Win.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(839,1329); bottom-right:(1198,1568)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2417168, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nters and prediction of road type and tra\ufb03c congestion, IEEE \nTransactions on Vehicular Technology 58 (9) (2009) 4741\u20134756. \ndoi:10.1109/TVT.2009.2027710. \n[39] Sue Green, Advancements in streaming data storage, real-time \nanalysis and (2019). \n[40] S. Shi, Q. Wang, P. Xu, X. Chu, Benchmarking state-of-the-art \ndeep learning software tools, in: 2016 7th International Con- \nference on Cloud Computing and Big Data (CCBD), 2016, pp. \n99\u2013104. doi:10.1109/CCBD.2016.029. \n[41] Jacob Spoelstra, H. Zhang, Gopi Kumar, Data Science Doesn\u2019t \nJust Happen, It Takes a Process (2016). \n[42] J. A. Espinosa, F. Armour, The big data analytics gold rush: \nA research framework for coordination and governance, in: \n2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences \n(HICSS), 2016, pp. 1112\u20131121. doi:10.1109/HICSS.2016.141. \n[43] M. Colas, I. Finck, J. Buvat, R. Nambiar, R. R. Singh, Cracking \nthe data conundrum: How successful companies make big data \noperational, Capgemini Consulting (2014) 1\u201318. \n[44] Stef Caraguel, Data Science Challenges (2018). \n[45] E. Maguire, Data & Advanced Analytics: High Stakes, High \nRewards (2017). \n[46] J. S. Saltz, I. Shamshurin, Big data team process method- \nologies: A literature review and the identi\ufb01cation of key fac- \ntors for a project\u2019s success, in: 2016 IEEE International Con- \nference on Big Data (Big Data), 2016, pp. 2872\u20132879. doi: \n10.1109/BigData.2016.7840936. \n[47] A. K\u00a8uhn, R. Joppen, F. Reinhart, D. R\u00a8oltgen, S. von Enzberg, \nR. Dumitrescu, Analytics canvas \u2013 a framework for the de- \nsign and speci\ufb01cation of data analytics projects, Procedia CIRP \n70 (2018) 162 \u2013 167, 28th CIRP Design Conference 2018, 23- \n25 May 2018, Nantes, France. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/ \nj.procir.2018.02.031. \n[48] D. K. Becker, Predicting outcomes for big data projects: Big \ndata project dynamics (bdpd): Research in progress, in: 2017 \nIEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), 2017, \npp. 2320\u20132330. doi:10.1109/BigData.2017.8258186. \n[49] Je\ufb00rey Saltz, Nicholas J Hotz, Shortcomings of Ad Hoc \u2013 Data \nScience Project Management (2018). \n[50] J. Saltz, I. Shamshurin, C. Connors, A framework for describ- \ning big data projects, in: W. Abramowicz, R. Alt, B. Franczyk \n(Eds.), Business Information Systems Workshops, Springer In- \nternational Publishing, Cham, 2017, pp. 183\u2013195. \n[51] Jennifer Prendki, Lessons in Agile Machine Learning from Wal- \nmart (2017). \n[52] A. P. Bhardwaj, S. Bhattacherjee, A. Chavan, A. Deshpande, \nA. J. Elmore, S. Madden, A. G. Parameswaran, Datahub: Col- \nlaborative data science & dataset version management at scale, \nCoRR abs/1409.0798. arXiv:1409.0798. \n[53] C. Byrne, Development Work\ufb02ows for Data Scientists, O\u2019Reilly \nMedia, 2017. \n[54] S. Ransbotham, D. Kiron, P. K. Prentice, Minding the analytics \ngap, MIT Sloan Management Review, 2015. \n[55] Kaggle, Kaggle: Your Machine Learning and Data Science Com- \nmunity. \n[56] H. Jung, The Competition Mindset: how Kaggle and real-life \nData Science diverge (2020). \n[57] M. Vanauer, C. B\u00a8ohle, B. Hellingrath, Guiding the intro- \nduction of big data in organizations: A methodology with \nbusiness- and data-driven ideation and enterprise architecture \nmanagement-based implementation, in: 2015 48th Hawaii In- \nternational Conference on System Sciences, 2015, pp. 908\u2013917. \ndoi:10.1109/HICSS.2015.113. \n[58] E. Colson, Why Data Science Teams Need Generalists, Not Spe- \ncialists, Harvard Business Review. \n[59] Domino Data Lab, Managing Data Science Teams (2017). \n[60] U. Sivarajah, M. M. Kamal, Z. Irani, V. Weerakkody, Critical \nanalysis of big data challenges and analytical methods, Jour- \nnal of Business Research 70 (2017) 263 \u2013 286. doi:https: \n//doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.08.001. \n[61] M. N. Saunders, C. Rojon, On the attributes of a critical lit- \nerature review, Coaching: An International Journal of The-\n\n\n22\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 712024, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>If properly developed, your mission statement will impact every aspect of your marketing: the price of<br>your book, where you will sell it and how you will promote it. Write it, keep it handy, and refer to it when<br>you need a reminder of your mission.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W ho Will Buy Your Book?</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he \"3Ts\" technique serves another function: it helps you focus on your target reader, or the person who<br>is most likely to buy and benefit from reading your book. Knowing the prospective buyers of your book<br>and their decision influencers - such as a child's preference for a picture book - helps you price, distribute,<br>and promote it effectively, efficiently, and successfully.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T ry defining your most likely buyers in descriptive terms such as 'college-educated empty nesters who are<br>above-average wage earners.' In this case, you could publish a hardcover book and price it on the high<br>side of average. You might sell it in specialty stores, airport stores or on cruise ships, and not in<br>convenience stores or discount retailers. The vocabulary you use in your promotion would be different<br>depending on the target reader.</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A lso, try not to be too broad in defining your audience. Marketing to everyone is not practical and will lead<br>to spinning your wheels on non-productive activities and audiences.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>M arketing strategy evolves from a good understanding of your prospective customers. Think about the<br>answers to the following questions. After you get a good feel for who could buy your book, your marketing<br>strategies and actions will start to fall into place.</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W ho will buy your books? Without being too specific, would your content most benefit a male or<br>female? Approximate age level? High or low wage earners? What is the general level of education?</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H ow many of them are there? Is it a niche or larger group? This helps you gauge if your marketing<br>plans reach wide enough and gives you a sense of the potential income that could be generated with a<br>successful marketing campaign.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W ho will influence the purchasing decision? The answer to this helps you target your promotion.<br>Would the parents of graduating college students help the student choose a job-search book? If so,<br>include the parents in your marketing plan.</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W hat information do they need? What does your book give people that they don't already have? How<br>will you fill a need for your reader? For example, if you wrote a book about finances, you may know<br>people want to have more money in their savings account. Do they want to make more money or save<br>more money? Answering questions like these helps you write a more effective press release.</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I s any other book serving the same need as yours? Is there a dominant competitor in your field? If<br>you want to write a book about getting a job, you will have to know the answer to the question, \"How is<br>your book different from What Color is Your Parachute?, the perennial leader in that category?\"</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n what form do they want it? In what format are your target buyers most likely to read? To</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>cover your bases, you may choose to make your book available in a variety of formats, including both<br>print and eBook.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1822420, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='50' style='font-size:16px'>Friday, August 6</header>\n<h1 id='51' style='font-size:20px'>Machine Learning and AI for Marketing</h1>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>AI and machine learning have evolved from being technologies limited to a few major tech companies<br>and hardcore academic researchers to something every business can and should be implementing as a<br>key growth strategy.</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In this session, Professor Raj Venkatesan will provide insights featured in his new book, The AI<br>Marketing Canvas, including a growth framework for business and marketing leaders to implement and<br>harvest the power of AI. It features a practical \ufb01ve-stage model called the \u201cAI Marketing Canvas\u201d. We\u2019ll<br>also cover examples and best practices of global brands that have successfully implemented AI in their<br>marketing strategy and learn how to assess the success of your AI marketing strategy.</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This session is not about how to write the computer science code for AI models, nor is it about<br>tactics/lists of the dozen or so things AI can do (create chatbots, recommendation systems etc). It\u2019s a<br>hands-on guide that shows marketing leaders how to go from \u201czero to hero\u201d with AI in marketing, and<br>discuss important implications for your team, talent, training, people and culture.</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Presented by Rajkumar Venkatesan, University of Virginia</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Rajkumar Venkatesan is the Ronald Trzcinski Professor of Business Administration at the Darden Business School at the<br>University of Virginia. Raj has written about and taught quantitative marketing to MBA and executive education students<br>worldwide. At Darden he has taught a course on marketing analytics for more than ten years, and a course on marketing<br>technology products for \ufb01ve years. His experience in these courses he translated into the books Cutting Edge Marketing<br>Analytics, published by Pearson Education in 2014 and AI Marketing Canvas in 2021. He has published extensively in the<br>Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Marketing Science, Journal of Academy of Marketing Science,<br>International Journal of Research in Marketing, Harvard Business Review, and California Management Review. He serves as<br>an Associate Editor for Journal of Marketing, International Journal of Research in Marketing, and Journal of Academy of<br>Marketing Science. More than 250,000 individuals have participated in his Coursera course on marketing analytics.</p>\n<h1 id='57' style='font-size:20px'>Opportunities and Challenges in B2B Marketing</h1>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This workshop addresses opportunities and challenges associated with conducting academic research<br>in the B2B marketing \ufb01eld. It will feature four presentations, addressing trends and theories in B2B<br>marketing, industry collaboration, and opportunities and advice for publishing B2B marketing research.<br>Stefan Wuyts, Kenneth H. Wathne, Erik A. Mooi and Rajdeep Grewal will serve as presenters and share<br>their insights and perspectives, each focusing on one of these themes. The participants will then be<br>invited to engage in scholarly discussion with the aim of identifying future opportunities for B2B<br>Marketing research.</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Presented by Stefan Wuyts, Pennsylvania State University and Kenneth Wathne,<br>University of Stavanger, BI Norwegian Business School</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Kenneth H. Wathne is Professor of Marketing at University of Stavanger Business School. He is also Adjunct Professor of<br>Marketing at BI Norwegian Business School. Wathne earned his Ph.D. at the Copenhagen Business School. His research<br>focuses on marketing strategy and interorganizational relationships. He is a winner of the American Marketing<br>Association\u2019s Louis W. Stern Award, awarded to an outstanding article published in a widely recognized and highly<br>respected refereed journal which has made a signi\ufb01cant contribution to the literature on marketing and channels of<br>distribution. Wathne is an incoming Area Editor at the International Journal of Research in Marketing, and currently serves<br>on the Editorial Review Board of the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Retailing, Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing,<br>Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, and AMS Review.</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Prior to joining Penn State in 2018, Stefan Wuyts was a member of the faculty at Ko\u00e7 University (Turkey) and Tilburg<br>University (the Netherlands). He earned his Ph.D. at Erasmus University Rotterdam (the Netherlands). His research<br>interests include B2B marketing, innovation and interorganizational relationships. His recent research focuses on complex<br>interorganizational forms, network governance, and the impact of (digital) technology on business markets. Stefan<br>coauthored Social Networks and Marketing (Relevant Knowledge Series, Marketing Science Institute) and The Connected<br>Customer \u2013 The Changing Nature of Consumer and Business Markets (Routledge). His research appeared in Journal of<br>Marketing (JM), Journal of Marketing Research, International Journal of Research in Marketing (IJRM), Journal of the<br>Academy of Marketing Science (JAMS), Journal of Operations Management, and Journal of Management. He serves as<br>Associate Editor for JM, IJRM, and JAMS, and received Outstanding Reviewer (JM, IJRM) and Area Editor (JAMS) Awards.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 5209, "type": "text", "content": "Download Free Culture Clash Drama High 10 L Divine\n\n\n# Culture Clash Drama High 10 L Divine\n\n\n \n\nRight here, we have countless book culture clash drama high 10 l divine and\ncollections to check out. We additionally pay for variant types and with type\nof the books to browse. 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Put new Korean drama Monthly Magazine Home ...\n\n\nStars of K-Drama \u2018Monthly Magazine Home\u2019 Tell Us Their Dream Homes \nTUNIS: Street clashes erupted on Monday (Jul 26) outside Tunisia's army-\nbarricaded parliament, a day after President Kais Saied ousted the prime ...\n\n\nClashes in Tunisia after president ousts PM amid COVID-19 protests\n\n\n \n\nTunisian security officers hold back protesters outside the parliament\nbuilding in the capital Tunis on July 26 - Copyright AFP Upasana DAHALKaouther\nLarbiTunisian President Kais Saied sacked the ...\n\n\nTunisia president sacks defence minister amid political turmoil \nJust a fraction of rape investigations in Thames Valley resulted in someone\nbeing charged last year, new figures reveal.\n\n\nCopyright code: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.\n\n\nCopyright : goldieharvey.net\n\n\n \nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3321901, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Big Data Fundamentals: Concepts, Drivers, and Techniques PDF Book</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Andy Hargreaves, Dean Fink, Michael Fullan, Brent Davies, Ken Leithwood, David Hopkins, Geoff Southworth, Brian Caldwell, Chris Day, Terry Deal and<br>Gib Hentschke represent some of the most powerful thinkers and writers in the educational leadership field who respond to the challenge of how we can<br>develop and sustain our school leaders. The Rise and Fall of Anne Boleyn: Family Politics at the Court of Henry VIIIA celebrated theologian explores how<br>the greatest dangers to humanity, as well as the greatest promises for human flourishing, are at the intersection of religion and globalization More than<br>almost anything else, globalization and the great world religions are shaping our lives, affecting everything from the public policies of political leaders and<br>the economic decisions of industry bosses and employees, to university curricula, all the way to the inner longings of our hearts. Founders of the Florida<br>Bat Conservancy in 1994, they also help building owners safely remove bat colonies from their premises. Now he shares his secrets in Get Sht Done. The<br>new edition also includes for the first time a full Chronology of the period, a list of leading state ministers, and family trees for all the major dynasties. In<br>addition to shedding light on controversial topics such as antibiotic overuse and vaccination, Dr. The contributors stress the importance of dialog and action<br>between teachers and parents so that parents actively share in making the right decisions about their children's educational experience. in Economics is<br>the first manual designed to meet the specific needs of aspiring and matriculating graduate students of economics. com and explains how to choose the<br>right edition of salesforce. Find more at www. Key features: carefully selected grammar topics and examples based on the most commonly made errors<br>exercises throughout to reinforce learning shortcuts and mnemonic devices providing vital learning strategies a Companion Website available at www.<br>Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the<br>aged copy. A practical handbook for healthcare leaders striving to ensure a superior patient experience and high quality of care, Improving Healthcare Team<br>Performance not only provides specifics on how to develop high functioning teams, whether multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, or departmental but also<br>offers those dealing with the common healthcare leadership challenges of low morale, poor communication, interpersonal conflict, and lack of knowledge<br>sharing the tools to take immediate action to improve performance. This cookbook boasts over 100 delectable zucchini recipes to keep your spiralizer busy<br>and optimize your health. For many developers, however, these skills don't come naturally-and they're rarely addressed in formal training. NET developer<br>relies. In contrast to traditional approaches in logic that devalue emotion, Linker acknowledges the affective aspects of reasoning and how emotion is<br>embedded in our understanding of self and other. Wouldn't they?\" Gretchen Bernabei and Dorothy Hall In their signature easy-to-implement style, Gretchen<br>Bernabei and Dorothy Hall offer new options for teaching expository writing that more realistically match the way readers actually think and writers actually<br>write. The Unknown Journey: Surviving Hodgkin's LymphomaIn this truly inspirational story and after fighting Hodgkin's Lymphoma for over two years,<br>Joseph Anaman relates how his body was overwhelmed by malignant cells and gradually began to shut down. The first article, \"A General Method in Proofs<br>of Undecidability,\" examines theories with standard formalization, undecidable theories, interpretability, and relativization of quantifiers. It is high romance,<br>exact science, fascinating history, wild adventure. This introductory text is the only one to comprehensively address the nursing care of the inmate-patient<br>population. It provides practical and straightforward guidance for those who need to conduct small-scale research projects as part of their undergraduate,<br>postgraduate or professional studies. Perhaps the greatest astronomer of antiquity was Hipparchus, who flourished between 161 and 126 B. FORTE</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 712030, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O n the other hand, direct marketing is just what it sounds like. Its objective is to close the sale. The tone<br>of your letter or email is more specific and straightforward in telling potential buyers why the content of<br>your book is important to them, convincing them why they should buy it, and giving them an incentive to<br>purchase it now.</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A good strategy is to begin with an awareness campaign followed by a direct response promotion. When<br>target readers have seen media coverage and reviews naming you and your book, they will be more apt to<br>buy. Then, conduct direct marketing to get them to purchase your book.</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>E valuation</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H ave you ever tried to set up a savings program? If so, you probably had a date in mind by which you<br>would have a specific dollar amount. Then, you planned how you would invest your money. Periodically,<br>you checked your accounts to evaluate your progress. If you were on target, you left your portfolio alone.<br>If you did not make as much as you hoped, you changed your investment strategy. The same concept<br>applies to marketing planning.</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>B ook marketing is as simple as PIE: Plan what you are going to do, Implement your actions,<br>and Evaluate your relative progress. After developing your goals and strategies and implementing your<br>action plan to reach them, the next step is to measure your progress. Refer back to your goals (which<br>may be based on sales, specific marketing tactics or other achievements) and ask yourself if you're on<br>track to meet them. If you are on the right track, keep doing more of what you have been doing. If you<br>are heading in the wrong direction, make changes in your implementation.</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W riting a marketing plan is like laying track for a railroad; it establishes a solid foundation, provides a<br>path to your destination, and controls deviation. But the track does not propel you forward, nor does your<br>plan. Your passion and productive action provide the fuel for the engine taking you on your journey to<br>success as you have defined it.</p>\n<h1 id='75' style='font-size:18px'>\t\r \u00a0</h1>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>B rian Jud is an author, book-marketing consultant, seminar leader, television host and president of Book<br>Marketing Works, LLC. Brian is the author of How to Make Real Money Selling Books (Without Worrying<br>About Returns), Beyond the Bookstore (a Publishers Weekly book) and eight titles on book-marketing<br>topics. Brian is the host of the television series The Book Authority and was an adjunct lecturer of<br>marketing courses for graduate and undergraduate students at the University of Hartford and the<br>University of Connecticut. Brian has a BS degree in marketing from the University of Cincinnati and an<br>MBA in marketing from Xavier University.\t\r \u00a0</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering the team has over a decade of experience in the book industry, how might their expertise impact the coordination of a major marketing campaign that involves both the promotion of fiction and scientific research books, needing a balance of creative and analytical strategies? Discuss the potential benefits and challenges.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 748, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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Or\nRepublic. Or...Which Was It?: Crash Course World History #10\n\n\n \n\nSPQR: A History of Ancient Rome - Book ChatROMAN EMPIRE | Educational Video for Kids. Ancient Rome for Kids The Founding of Rome: The Roman Myth of Romulus and Remus Animated Ancient Rome \\u0026 The Bible 1 - The Apostle Paul in Rome | The Book of Romans The Roman Empire And The\n\n\n \n\nThe Eastern Roman Empire, also called the Byzantine Empire by later\nhistorians, continued to exist until the reign of Constantine XI Palaiologos\nwho became the last Roman Emperor on 29 May 1453 after dying in battle during\nthe Siege of Constantinople against Mehmed II or \"the Conqueror\" and his\nOttoman forces, ending the Byzantine Empire, though Mehmed II would himself\nalso claim the title of caesar or Kayser-i Rum in an\n\n\n \n\nattempt to claim a connection to the Roman Empire.\n\n\nRoman Empire \nRoman Empire, the ancient empire, centered on the city of Rome, that was\nestablished in 27 BCE following the demise of the Roman Republic and\ncontinuing to the final eclipse of the Empire in the West in the 5th century\nCE. 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Leader of the pack At the...\n\n\nThe Roman Empire: in the First Century. The Roman Empire | PBS\n\n\n \n\nBy 476 AD the western half of the Roman Empire had collapsed. The Crisis of\nthe Third Century was that the entire Roman system \u2013 social, military,\neconomic \u2013collapsed and the empire began disintegrating. This happened due to\na number of different reasons: 5 Reasons why Rome fell\n\n\nFall of the Roman Empire - History for Kids | Mocomi\n\n\n \n\nthe form of government established in ancient Rome in 27 b.c., comprising the\nPrincipate or Early Empire (27 b.c.\u2013a.d. 284) and the Autocracy or Later\nEmpire (a.d. 284\u2013476). a later empire, as that of Charlemagne or the Byzantine\nEmpire, regarded as a restoration or continuation of the ancient Roman Empire\nor one of its branches.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 116355, "type": "text", "content": "# Where To Download The \nPhoenix Endangered \nEnduring Flame 2 Mercedes\n\n\n \n\nArabian Nights, Vol. 8 (Chap. 2) \nLackey \nThe remaining Pop Idol hopefuls today got \na taste of what life was like as a star - \nenduring an exhausting round of interviews \nand public appearances. With just five days \nto go until one of them ...\n\n\nPop Idol contestants take to battle buses \nSURFSIDE, Fla. 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Kosambi, though, mocks the<br>treatment of the Gupta era as the \u2018classical age\u2019 of ancient India,<br>noting there was little memory of them even in Brahmanical<br>records; rather, their importance was a creation of nationalist<br>historians looking for an unambiguous force of early \u2018Hindu\u2019 glory<br>to counter British denigration: \u2018Far from the Guptas reviving<br>nationalism, it was nationalism that revived the Guptas\u2019 (Kosambi<br>1975: 313). Though they promoted Brahmanism, including the<br>revival of sacrifice, the Guptas were themselves considered low by<br>Brahmanic texts. Their first emperor was proud to have married a<br>Licchavi princess though the Licchavis by that time were considered<br>worse than Shudras by the Brahmans; and they patronised<br>Buddhism as well. The great stupa and carvings at Sanchi, archi-<br>tecturally more important than any Hindu temple of the period,<br>were completed under their rule. Clearly Buddhism remained<br>strong within their realm. As the Chinese travellers\u2019 accounts show,<br>with Harsha in the early 7th century, a king could again be char-<br>acterised as Buddhist, though he issued coins depicting Shiva as<br>well as the Buddha.</p>\n<br><p id='162' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>This survey indicates that the early, classical age of India was as<br>much, if not more, a Buddhist era as a \u2018Hindu\u2019 era. The widespread<br>tendency among Indian historians to carry forward the old British<br>division of \u2018Hindu India, Muslim India and British India\u2019 into a<br>\u2018ancient, feudal and modern\u2019 period, still takes for granted that<br>\u2018ancient India\u2019 is basically \u2018Hindu India\u2019. This has to be rejected.<br>Similarly, the idea that \u2018Hinduism\u2019 is the oldest religion of India<br>and perhaps of the world, with a 5000 year old history, originating<br>in the Vedic period and undergoing development and modification<br>up to the present, is wrong. The framework within which<br>Buddhism and Jainism are both treated as reactions to a Hinduism/<br>Brahmanism which maintains essential features throughout (so<br>that even a sensitive historian like Romila Thapar can refer to the<br>tradition linking itself with the Vedas as \u2018orthodoxy\u2019 while the<br>other, shramanic traditions are \u2018heterodoxy\u2019) has to be rejected.<br>Ancient India was Buddhist India. \u2018Hinduism\u2019 had its beginnings at</p>\n<br><h1 id='163' style='font-size:18px'>Buddhist Civilisation 125</h1>\n<p id='164' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>the end of the first millennium BCE with the adoption of the</p>\n<br><p id='165' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Bhagwata cult (Vaishnavism) and the absorption of the Shaiva</p>\n<br><p id='166' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>cult (known for a long time as the \u2018Pashupatis\u2019) while the</p>\n<br><p id='167' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Dharmasastras (for example, Manusmriti and Arthashastra) were</p>\n<br><p id='168' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2018manifestos\u20193 for the type of society Brahmanism sought to bring</p>\n<br><p id='169' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>into being. But Brahmanism was not the determining force in</p>\n<br><p id='170' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Indian society. For a millennium after the time of Buddha, his</p>\n<br><p id='171' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Dhamma remained the major determinant of Indian civilisation,</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 116353, "type": "text", "content": "# Where To Download The \nPhoenix Endangered\n\n\n \n\nEnduring Flame enduring flame 2 \n2 Mercedes \nthe phoenix endangered \nmercedes lackey as without difficulty as \nLackey \nreview them wherever you are now.\n\n\n(Fantasy) Series I Need to Finish COULD \nSHE Beat Thanos? - Top 40 Marvel Mutants \nRanked David Harsanyi \\\"First Freedom\\\" \nBook Event 8. The Sumerians - Fall of the \nFirst Cities The Book of Pook -- 3 Fifteen \nLessons April Fantasy Book Haul 2015 \nProfessor Mad-Eye Moody vs. Draco | \nHarry Potter and the Goblet of Fire David \nOdorisio, PhD presents \\\"Phoenix Force \n\\u0026 Feminine Jouissance\\\" at OPUS \nEndangered Alphabets Pocket Flame \nThrower | OT 21 Irving Wolfe: Introduction \nto Velikovsky\u2019s Ideas | EU2017 Winx \nClub - Season 8 - The real Icy's Story \n[LONG VERSION] The Safest and Most \nReliable Plane | The Immortal Beaver | Spark \nThe Grim Company Fantasy Book Review \nHarry Potter Cast \u5000\u5400\u6800\u6500\u6e00\u4100\u6e00\u6400\u4e00\u6f00\u7700 \nPage 2/5\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1831015, "type": "html", "content": "<br><header id='19' style='font-size:18px'>oi.uchicago.edu</header>\n<header id='20' style='font-size:16px'>21</header>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:16px'>WRITING AND THE STATE</h1>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>States period that followed (453\u2013221 B.C.). I do not attempt a general treatment of his eventual<br>impact here, and barely mention even matters as relevant as the opening of training in literacy<br>beyond aristocratic circles. Instead, I want to focus on the impact on the semiotic artifacts them-<br>selves. The famous goal of rectification of names follows from suspicion as well as appreciation<br>of the potential powers of languages and writings. Disputes are the failure of words to correspond<br>properly with actions and things; from Confucius and several other schools came versions of the<br>project of building the ritual and political means of ending dispute by rendering language fully<br>efficacious. Confucius and his school, as Lewis convincingly argues, were critical outsiders to<br>power in their own era, but founders of the quest that was to organize the central institutions in<br>future Chinese states. (Yes, margins, a theme of this volume more generally.)</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>During the Warring States period, states had archives maintained by shi and \u201cprivate schol-<br>ars\u201d had their own large collections. Officials in charge of archives of documents were known to<br>flee with them in emergencies and in conflicts and scholars also brought private collections with<br>them when they moved from state to state. By the end of the Warring States period, the ambitious,<br>powerful, and short-lived (221\u2013206 B.C.) Qin state identified documents and their proliferation as<br>itself crucial to their strategic situation. Before their conquest of the whole, the Qin court showed<br>its aspirations in its scholarship.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>At the court of Qin, it is said, Lu Buwei (290\u2013233 B.C.) assembled as many as three thou-<br>sand scholar-politicians and asked them to write what they had learned. Lu then collected<br>all their discussions into a book of more than 200,000 words, covering all the subjects.<br>When completed, the book was displayed at the gate of the market place in the capital,<br>and a reward of one thousand pieces of gold was offered to anyone if he could change a<br>word of this writing to improve it (Tsien 2004: 11).</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Once in control of China, the Qin set out to simplify and standardize the writing system and to<br>create a government monopoly on key genres of writing. In 213 B.C., Grand Councilor Li Si be-<br>gan a campaign to consolidate Qin state control of the form and content of legal, historical, and<br>philosophical archives. As a later chronicler depicted his campaign, he sought that</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>all books in the historical archives, except the records of Qin, be burned; that all persons<br>in the empire, except those who held a function under the control of the official scholars,<br>daring to store the classical literature and the discussions of various philosophers, should<br>go to the administrative or military government so that these books may be indiscrimi-<br>nately burned (Tsien 2004: 13).</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>If the tone seems disapproving, the Han successors to the Qin in many ways improved on their<br>heavy-handed approach to information centralizing. Among the Han, central control was still the<br>key.5 But their approach was primarily productive, especially under the consolidating Emperor<br>Wu, credited with establishing the imperial library, the Bifu. The Han\u2019s own chronicle summa-<br>rizes the project:</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>5 This began even as Liu Bang, the future Han emperor<br>Gaozu, was conquering the Qin capital, according to the<br>Han\u2019s own narrative history:</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>his army commanders struggled to get to the<br>storehouse of gold and silk and treasure in or-<br>der to divide it up. Xiao He [Liu Bang\u2019s ally],<br>however, first went to confiscate the laws, de-</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>crees, charts, and writings of the Qin officials.<br>Liu Bang thus knew of all the impenetrable<br>areas and passes throughout the empire, of<br>population figures, strong and weak strategic<br>points, and of all the worries and sufferings<br>of the people (quoted in Connery 1998: 54;<br>Connery\u2019s bracket).</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1466345, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>Advances in Anthropology<br>2012. Vol.2, No.1, 14-23<br>Published Online February 2012 in SciRes (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/aa)</header>\n<br><header id='1' style='font-size:14px'>http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/aa.2012.21002</header>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:22px'>A Time Series of Prehistoric Mitochondrial DNA Reveals<br>Western European Genetic Diversity Was Largely Established<br>by the Bronze Age</h1>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier Ricaut1*, Murray P. Cox2*, Marie Lacan1,3, Christine Keyser3,<br>Francis Duranthon1, Bertrand Ludes3, Jean Guilaine4 , Eric Crub\u00e9zy1<br>1Laboratoire d\u2019Anthropologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Imagerie de Synth\u00e8se, Centre National de la Recherche<br>Scientifique, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), Toulouse, France<br>2Institute of Molecular BioSciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand<br>3Laboratoire d\u2019Anthropologie Mol\u00e9culaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute of<br>Legal Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France<br>4Centre de Recherche sur la Pr\u00e9histoire et la Protohistoire de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, \u00c9cole des Hautes Etudes<br>en Sciences Sociales, Toulouse, France<br>Email: *fx.ricaut@infonie.fr, *m.p.cox@massey.ac.nz<br>Received December 8th, 2011; revised January 1st, 2012; accepted February 1st, 2012</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A major unanswered question concerns the roles of continuity versus change in prehistoric Europe. For<br>the first time, genetic samples of reasonable size taken at multiple time points are revealing piecemeal<br>snapshots of European prehistory at different dates and places across the continent. Here, we pull these<br>disparate datasets together to illustrate how human genetic variation has changed spatially and temporally<br>in Europe from the Mesolithic through to the present day. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups<br>were determined for 532 European individuals from four major eras: the Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalco-<br>lithic (late Neolithic/early Bronze Age transition) and Modern periods. The Mesolithic was characterized<br>by low mtDNA diversity. These initial European settler haplogroups declined rapidly in the Neolithic, as<br>farmers from the east introduced a new suite of mtDNA lineages into Western Europe. For the first time,<br>we show that the Chalcolithic was also a time of substantial genetic change in Europe. However, rather<br>than the arrival of new mtDNA lineages, this period was characterized by major fluctuations in the fre-<br>quencies of existing haplogroups. Besides the expansion of haplogroup H, there were few major changes<br>in mtDNA diversity from the Chalcolithic to modern times, thus suggesting that the basic profile of mod-<br>ern western European mtDNA diversity was largely established by the Bronze Age.</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>K eywords: Europe; Prehistory; MtDNA; Haplogroup Diversity; Temporal Dynamics</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Introduction</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1466333, "type": "text", "content": "Advances in Anthropology \n2012\\. Vol.2, No.1, 14-23 \nPublished Online February 2012 in SciRes (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/aa)\n\n\n \nhttp://dx.doi.org/10.4236/aa.2012.21002\n\n\n# A Time Series of Prehistoric Mitochondrial DNA Reveals \nWestern European Genetic Diversity Was Largely Established \nby the Bronze Age\n\n\nFran\u00e7ois-Xavier Ricaut1*, Murray P. Cox2*, Marie Lacan1,3, Christine Keyser3, \nFrancis Duranthon1, Bertrand Ludes3, Jean Guilaine4 , Eric Crub\u00e9zy1 \n1Laboratoire d\u2019Anthropologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Imagerie de Synth\u00e8se, Centre\nNational de la Recherche \nScientifique, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse (Paul Sabatier), Toulouse, France \n2Institute of Molecular BioSciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New\nZealand \n3Laboratoire d\u2019Anthropologie Mol\u00e9culaire, Centre National de la Recherche\nScientifique, Institute of \nLegal Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France \n4Centre de Recherche sur la Pr\u00e9histoire et la Protohistoire de la\nM\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, \u00c9cole des Hautes Etudes \nen Sciences Sociales, Toulouse, France \nEmail: *fx.ricaut@infonie.fr, *m.p.cox@massey.ac.nz \nReceived December 8th, 2011; revised January 1st, 2012; accepted February 1st,\n2012\n\n\nA major unanswered question concerns the roles of continuity versus change in\nprehistoric Europe. For \nthe first time, genetic samples of reasonable size taken at multiple time\npoints are revealing piecemeal \nsnapshots of European prehistory at different dates and places across the\ncontinent. Here, we pull these \ndisparate datasets together to illustrate how human genetic variation has\nchanged spatially and temporally \nin Europe from the Mesolithic through to the present day. Mitochondrial DNA\n(mtDNA) haplogroups \nwere determined for 532 European individuals from four major eras: the\nMesolithic, Neolithic, Chalco- \nlithic (late Neolithic/early Bronze Age transition) and Modern periods. The\nMesolithic was characterized \nby low mtDNA diversity. These initial European settler haplogroups declined\nrapidly in the Neolithic, as \nfarmers from the east introduced a new suite of mtDNA lineages into Western\nEurope. For the first time, \nwe show that the Chalcolithic was also a time of substantial genetic change in\nEurope. However, rather \nthan the arrival of new mtDNA lineages, this period was characterized by major\nfluctuations in the fre- \nquencies of existing haplogroups. Besides the expansion of haplogroup H, there\nwere few major changes \nin mtDNA diversity from the Chalcolithic to modern times, thus suggesting that\nthe basic profile of mod- \nern western European mtDNA diversity was largely established by the Bronze\nAge.\n\n\nK eywords: Europe; Prehistory; MtDNA; Haplogroup Diversity; Temporal Dynamics\n\n\nIntroduction\n\n\n \n\nModern European genetic diversity is increasingly well char- \nacterized. Researchers have detailed the geographic distribution \nof maternal (mtDNA) and paternal (Y chromosome) lineages, \nand are now delving into the spatial distribution of autosomal \nvariants. European individuals can be assigned to modern na- \ntions, and even in particular cases, to areas as small as villages \n(Novembre et al., 2008). Yet how this genetic diversity has \nchanged through time is much less well understood. Precise \nreal-time information is largely restricted by advances in an- \ncient DNA research, a growing but challenging field. Never- \ntheless, samples of reasonable size taken at multiple time points \nare now starting to provide snapshots of genetic variation dur- \ning European prehistory at different times and places across the \ncontinent. It therefore seems timely to attempt a first pass at \ndescribing how human genetic variation has changed spatially \nand temporally in Europe from the Stone Age through to the \npresent day.\n\n\n \n\nA major unanswered question concerns the roles of continu- \nity versus change in prehistoric Europe. For instance, the main \ndrivers of the agricultural expansion have long been a topic of\n\n\n*Corresponding author.\n\n\n \n\nconsiderable debate. What originally was perceived as a simple \ndistinction between demic versus cultural diffusion is now gen- \nerally recognized as a more complex set of processes. These \nprocesses produced broad-scale demographic trends, while still \nallowing mosaic regional patterns (e.g., Ammerman & Cavalli- \nSforza, 1984; Whittle, 1996; Whittle & Cummings, 2007). This \nmore nuanced view emphasizes cultural and population disper- \nsals, as well as variable patterns of population admixture, \nwhere the relative biological contributions of Near Eastern \nNeolithic farmers and indigenous Mesolithic hunter-gatherers \nare not distributed uniformly across Europe (Sampietro et al., \n2007; Bramanti et al., 2009; von Cramon-Taubadel & Pinhasi, \n2011). Current understanding emphasizes two different migra- \ntion routes; a relatively rapid diffusion via a southern route \nalong the Mediterranean coast (associated with the Impressed \nWare and Cardial Ware culture), together with a slower north- \nern route along the Danube valley into central Europe (associ- \nated with the Linearbandkeramik, or LBK, culture) (Guilaine, \n1997, 2003; Gronenborn, 1999; Zvelebil, 2004; Guilaine & \nManen, 2007). Mosaic models such as these emphasize the \ncomplex processes by which the transition to agriculture in \nEurope probably took place, simultaneously explaining the \nseemingly conflicting results obtained from archaeological \nevidence (e.g., Guilaine, 2003; Bar-Yosef, 2004; Pinhasi et al.,\n\n\n14\n\n\n \nCopyright \u00a9 2012 SciRes.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 116354, "type": "text", "content": "# Where To Download The \nPhoenix Endangered\n\n\n \n\nEnduring Flame 2 First Empire in \nMercedes \n10\\. The Han Dynasty - The \nFlames 2. The Bronze Age Collapse - \nLackey \nMediterranean Apocalypse It Finally \nHappened | OT 20 \\\"The Great Influenza\\\" \n\u2013 Lessons From the Past with John M. \nBarry March Fantasy Book Haul 2015 IOG - \nStick To The Script - \\\"Be Mindful, Not \nMindless\\\" 2021/03/04 Zube Lecture by Sara \nJensen Carr \nA Poetry reading by Ahmad AlmallahI \nMight Be A Fake Cultivator Audiobook \n(Fan-Made) Chapter 716-720 Ancient \nAfrica's Holy Scriptures | Rising Like RA | \nHusia 7 Summer Book Haul - I Bought \nBooks for their Spines and I'm Not Sorry \n[CC] The Phoenix Endangered Enduring \nFlame \nType out all lyrics, even if it\u2019s a chorus \nthat\u2019s repeated throughout the song The \nSection Header button breaks up song \nsections. Highlight the text then click the \nlink Use Bold and Italics ... \nPage 3/5\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Arrange the following chronologically by determining their sequential occurrence based on historical or thematic transitions: 'The Bronze Age Collapse', 'The Han Dynasty', 'Simon and Garfunkel reunion'. Then deduce what implications such sequence could have on understanding historical progression.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 756, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 142040, "type": "text", "content": "PGA Foundation, Inc. \nNotes to Financial Statements \nMarch 31, 2020\n\n\n# Impairment of Long-Lived Assets\n\n\n \n\nLong-lived assets, such as intangible assets with determinable lives, are\nreviewed for impairment \nwhenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount\nof an asset or \nasset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and\nused is measured by \na comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted\nfuture cash flows \nexpected to be generated by the asset in conjunction with other assets at the\nlowest level of \nseparately identifiable cash flows. If the carrying amount of an asset or\nasset group exceeds its \nestimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount\nby which the \ncarrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds its fair value. Assets to\nbe disposed of are \nseparately presented in the Statement of Financial Position and reported at\nthe lower of the \ncarrying amount or fair value less costs to dispose, and are no longer\ndepreciated.\n\n\nDeferred Revenue\n\n\n \n\nRevenue received in advance is deferred until such time as the event takes\nplace or services are \nrendered. Revenue received for events that are scheduled to occur after March\n31, 2021 are \nclassified as noncurrent.\n\n\nNet Assets\n\n\n \n\nThe Foundation classifies contributions received with temporary donor\nrestrictions as net assets \nwith temporary donor restrictions, and classifies contributions received with\npermanent donor \nrestrictions as net assets with permanent donor restrictions. All other\ncontributions are classified \nas net assets without donor restrictions. Donor restricted contributions that\nare satisfied within the \nsame period as received are classified as net assets without donor\nrestrictions on the \naccompanying Statement of Financial Position.\n\n\nIncome Taxes\n\n\n \n\nThe Foundation is a public charity exempt from federal and state income tax\nunder Section \n501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Provision for unrelated business\nincome tax, when \napplicable, is made for activities unrelated to the stated tax-exempt purposes\nof the Foundation.\n\n\nArtifacts\n\n\n \n\nArtifacts consisting of golf clubs, pictures, paintings and assorted\nmemorabilia that have been \ndonated to the Foundation are included on the accompanying Statement of\nFinancial Position as \nother assets.\n\n\nNew Accounting Pronouncements\n\n\n \n\nIn June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments \u2013 Credit\nLosses (Topic 326), a \nrevised standard on accounting for financial instruments. The amendments in\nthis Update require \na financial asset, including trade receivables, measured at amortized cost\nbasis to be presented at \nthe net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a\nvaluation account \nthat is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to\npresent the net carrying \nvalue at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The\namendments in this \nUpdate are effective for nonpublic companies with fiscal years beginning after\nDecember 15, 2020, \nand interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The\nFoundation does \nnot believe this revised standard will have a significant impact on the\nfinancial statements.\n\n\nI n August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic\n820), a revised \nstandard on the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The\namendments in this \nUpdate remove, modify and add various disclosure requirements. None of the\nadditional \ndisclosure requirements are applicable for nonpublic entities. The amendments\nin this Update are\n\n\n8\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142042, "type": "text", "content": "PGA Foundation, Inc. \nNotes to Financial Statements \nMarch 31, 2020\n\n\nAll management and general expenses that were directly attributable to a\nspecific program were \nallocated to that program. Administrative expenses include certain costs\nallocated to the \nFoundation by the PGA of America based on an analysis of time spent performing\nFoundation \nfunctions. For the year ended March 31, 2020, total allocations were $924,174.\nSignificant items \nallocated were salaries and wages of $754,941 for the year ended March 31,\n2020.\n\n\n5\\. Fair Value of Financial Instruments\n\n\nThe Foundation records certain assets and liabilities at fair value in\naccordance with ASC 820, Fair \nValue Measurements and Disclosures. Fair value is defined as the exchange\nprice that would be \nreceived for an asset in the principal or most advantageous market for the\nasset in an orderly \ntransaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation\ntechniques used to \nmeasure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the\nuse of \nunobservable inputs. A hierarchical framework has been established that\nclassifies assets, based \non the market observability of the inputs used to determine fair value, into\nthe following three \ncategories:\n\n\nLevel 1 Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets to which the\nFoundation has \naccess at the date of measurement.\n\n\nLevel 2 Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices\nfor identical or \nsimilar assets in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in\nwhich all \nsignificant inputs are directly or indirectly observable.\n\n\nLevel 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity\nand that are \nsignificant to the fair value of the instrument. Level 3 valuations are\ntypically performed \nusing pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar\ntechniques, which \nincorporate management\u2019s own estimates of assumptions that market participants\nwould \nuse in pricing the instrument or valuations that require significant\nmanagement judgment \nor estimation.\n\n\nInputs are used in applying the various valuation techniques for determining\nfair value and may \ninclude price information, market transaction data, investment liquidity and\nother factors. An \ninvestment\u2019s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest\nlevel input that is significant \nto the fair value. Transfers between levels are recognized on the date they\noccur.\n\n\nFair values for marketable securities are based on quoted market prices from\nan active exchange. \nThe Foundation\u2019s holdings of individual marketable securities where the value\nmay be determined \nby referring to quoted prices from an active exchange are classified in Level\n1.\n\n\nThe Foundation\u2019s money market funds and mutual funds, regardless of the\nunderlying asset (i.e. \ncommon stocks, treasuries, corporate bonds, etc.), are all managed by\nregistered investment \ncompanies and have daily net asset values (\u201cNAV\u201d). These investments are\nclassified in Level 2.\n\n\nThe fair value of limited partnerships and similar nonmarketable equity\ninterests which invest in \nboth publicly and privately-owned securities are based on estimates and\nassumptions of the \ngeneral partners in the absence of readily determinable market values. These\ninvestments are \nclassified in Level 3.\n\n\nThe following table sets forth the Foundation\u2019s investments by major\ninvestment strategy on the \nbasis of the nature and risk of the investments by level within the fair value\nhierarchy:\n\n\n10\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142041, "type": "text", "content": "PGA Foundation, Inc. \nNotes to Financial Statements \nMarch 31, 2020\n\n\neffective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those\nfiscal years, beginning after \nDecember 15, 2019. The Foundation is evaluating the impact of this revised\nstandard.\n\n\nI n May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-06, Intangibles\u2014Goodwill and Other\n(Topic 350), \nBusiness Combinations (Topic 805), and Not-for-Profit Entities (Topic 958).\nThe amendments in \nthis Update extend the Private Company Accounting Alternatives on goodwill and\ncertain \nidentifiable intangible assets to not-for-profit entities. The amendments in\nthis Update are effective \nupon issuance. The Foundation has elected not to apply the alternatives in\nthis Update.\n\n\n3\\. Intangible Assets\n\n\nIntangible assets consist of the following as of March 31, 2020:\n\n\nSubject to amortization\n\n\nFor the year ended March 31, 2020, amortization expense was $410,179.\n\n\nThe future estimated aggregate amortization expense on the intangible assets\nas of March 31, \n2020 is:\n\n\n4\\. Functional Allocation of Expenses\n\n\nFor the year ended March 31, 2020, the Foundation\u2019s functional allocation of\nexpenses is \nrepresented as follows:\n\n\nProgram expenses\n\n\n9\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2785157, "type": "text", "content": "# Contract Balances\n\n\nAs of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had the following receivables\nand deferred income from contracts with customers:\n\n\n \n\nDecember 31, 2020\n\n\nThe Company recognized sales and rental revenues of $1.1 million and $2,000,\nrespectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 that was \nincluded in deferred income at the beginning of 2021. For the year ended\nDecember 31, 2020, the Company recognized sales and rental revenues of $0.5 \nmillion and $73,000, respectively, that was included in deferred income at the\nbeginning of 2020.\n\n\nThe increases (decreases) of accounts receivable and deferred income were\nprimarily due to normal timing differences between our performance \nand the customers\u2019 payments.\n\n\n# Remaining Performance Obligations\n\n\nAs of March 31, 2021, the Company did not have revenue related to unsatisfied\nperformance obligations.\n\n\n# Contract Costs\n\n\nThe Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an\nexpense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the \nCompany otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are\nincluded in selling, general and administrative expenses on our condensed \nconsolidated statements of operations.\n\n\n# Income Taxes\n\n\nDeferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax\nconsequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial \nstatement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax\nbases, and operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets\nand \nliabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable\nincome in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be \nrecovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred\ntax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the \ndeferred tax assets will not be realized. To the extent we establish a\nvaluation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we include an\nexpense in the \ntax provision in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.\n\n\nWe account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with guidance in ASC 740,\nwhich prescribes the minimum recognition threshold a tax \nposition taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is required to meet\nbefore being recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements.\nTax \nbenefits are recognized only for tax positions that are more likely than not\nto be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. The amount recognized is \nmeasured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely to\nbe realized upon settlement. A liability for unrecognized tax benefits is\nrecorded \nfor any tax benefits claimed in our tax returns that do not meet these\nrecognition and measurement standards. We have no liabilities for uncertain\ntax \npositions as of March 31, 2021.\n\n\nOur policy regarding income tax interest and penalties is to expense those\nitems as interest expense and other expense, respectively.\n\n\nOn March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act\n(\"CARES Act\") was enacted in response to the economic impact \ncaused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, permits\nfederal income tax\n\n\n7\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142038, "type": "text", "content": "PGA Foundation, Inc. \nNotes to Financial Statements \nMarch 31, 2020\n\n\n1\\. Organization and Nature of Operations\n\n\nThe PGA Foundation, Inc. (the \u201cFoundation\u201d) is involved in various charitable\nactivities and grant \nprograms to promote the game of golf. The Foundation is affiliated with The\nProfessional Golfers\u2019 \nAssociation of America, Inc. (the \u201cPGA of America\u201d), through representation on\nboards of directors, \nmanagement and other activities. The Foundation does business as PGA REACH.\n\n\n# 2\\. Significant Accounting Policies\n\n\nBasis of Accounting\n\n\n \n\nThe financial statements of the Foundation have been prepared on the accrual\nbasis of accounting. \nSignificant accounting policies are described below.\n\n\nUse of Estimates\n\n\n \n\nThe preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting\nprinciples generally \naccepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates\nand \nassumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and\ndisclosure of contingent \nassets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the\nreported amounts of revenues \nand expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from\nthose estimates.\n\n\nRevenue Recognition\n\n\n \n\nThe Foundation transitioned to FASB Accounting Standards Codification (\u201cASC\u201d)\nTopic 606, \nRevenue From Contracts with Customers (\u201cASC 606\u201d), from ASC Topic 605, Revenue\nRecognition, \non April 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method. The\nfinancial statements \nreflect the application of ASC 606 guidance beginning in the current period.\nThe transition to ASC \n606 represents a change in accounting principle and did not have an effect on\nthe financial \nstatements. ASC 606 eliminates industry-specific guidance and provides a\nsingle revenue \nrecognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The\ncore principle of \nASC 606 is that a reporting entity should recognize revenue to depict the\ntransfer of promised \ngoods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to\nwhich the reporting \nentity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.\n\n\nAdditionally, in June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-08, Not-for-Profit\nEntities (Topic 958), a \nrevised standard on accounting for contributions, which became effective for\nthe Foundation on \nApril 1, 2019 and was applied prospectively. The amendments in this Update\nclarify the scope and \naccounting guidance for contributions, as distinguishing between contributions\nand exchange \ntransactions determines which guidance is applied. For contributions, an\nentity should follow the \nguidance in Subtopic 958-605, whereas for exchange transactions, an entity\nshould follow other \nguidance (for example, ASC 606).\n\n\nContributions, including unconditional promises to give, are recognized in the\nperiod received. \nRevenue from fundraising tournaments is recognized when the event takes place.\nRevenue from \nall other activities is recognized at the time the goods or services are\nprovided and the \nFoundation\u2019s performance obligations have been satisfied. The Foundation is\nnot party to any \nconditional or unconditional pledges for future contributions.\n\n\nTotal contributions from donations, sponsorships and entry fees related to\nfundraising events were \n$727,790 for the year ended March 31, 2020. Contributions and sponsorships\nfrom the events \nincluded within the accompanying Statement of Activities in contribution\nrevenue were $207,875 for \nthe year ended March 31, 2020.\n\n\n6\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142039, "type": "text", "content": "PGA Foundation, Inc. \nNotes to Financial Statements \nMarch 31, 2020\n\n\nCurrent accounting standards require that companies disaggregate revenue from\ncontracts with \ncustomers into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing, and\nuncertainty of revenue \nand cash flows are affected by economic factors. The Foundation has included\nits revenues and \nsupport disaggregated in its Statement of Activities to satisfy this\nrequirement.\n\n\nAll revenue amounts are recorded net of applicable sales tax, if applicable.\n\n\nCash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments\n\n\n \n\nCash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and on deposit. The Foundation\ndeposits cash \nand cash equivalents with financial institutions which management believes are\nof high credit \nquality.\n\n\nThe Foundation considers investments purchased with an original maturity of\nthree months or less \nwhen acquired to be cash equivalents. Investments purchased with an original\nmaturity of more \nthan three months at the date of acquisition, but less than twelve months, are\nclassified as short- \nterm. Short-term investments of the Foundation consist of certificates of\ndeposit, and are stated at \ncontract price, which approximates fair value.\n\n\nAccounts Receivable\n\n\n \n\nThe Foundation records receivables for event sponsorships, event entry fees\nand team \nregistrations in the year in which the events are held. Accounts receivable\nare carried at the \noriginal invoice amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon the\nFoundation\u2019s \nassessment of various factors, including historical experience and other\nfactors that may affect \ncustomers\u2019 ability to pay. Accounts receivable are written off when deemed\nuncollectible and \nrecoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when\nreceived. As of \nMarch 31, 2020, the reserve for bad debt was $0.\n\n\nOther Current Assets\n\n\n \n\nOther current assets include uniforms for Junior League Golf participants. The\ncost of the uniforms \nis included in the registration fee. As of March 31, 2020, the amount of\nuniforms was $2,745,868. \nUniforms inventory are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value,\nwith cost determined on \na first-in, first-out basis.\n\n\nGoodwill\n\n\n \n\nGoodwill represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair\nvalue of tangible net \nassets and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is\nnot amortized, but is \nsubject to impairment testing annually, or whenever events or changes in\ncircumstances indicate \nthat the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. This testing compares\nthe assets\u2019 carrying \nvalues to fair values and, when appropriate, the carrying value of these\nassets is reduced to their \nfair value. The Foundation recorded goodwill following its acquisition of\nLeague Golf LLC. The \nFoundation performed an impairment test at March 31, 2020, and no impairment\ncharges were \nrecorded.\n\n\nIntangible Assets\n\n\n \n\nIntangible assets with determinable lives consist of customer relationships\nand a covenant not to \ncompete. Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization.\nAmortization of \nintangible assets is recorded using the straight-line method over the\nestimated useful lives of the \nassets. The estimated useful lives of customer relationships and the covenant\nnot to complete are \n8 years and 7 years, respectively.\n\n\n7\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2722056, "type": "text", "content": "Chapter 15 In Financial Statements, What Information Is Conveyed about Other\nNoncurrent Liabilities?\n\n\nincome tax figures are determined according to the Internal Revenue Code. At \nmany places, these two sets of guidelines converge. For example, if a grocery\nstore \nsells a can of tuna fish for $6 in cash, the revenue is $6 on both the\nreported \nfinancial statements and the income tax return. However, at a number of\ncritical \njunctures, the recognized amounts can be quite different.\n\n\nWhere legal, companies frequently exploit these differences for their own\nbenefit \nby delaying tax payments. The deferral of income taxes is usually considered a\nwise \nbusiness strategy because it allows the company to use its cash for a longer\nperiod \nof time and, hence, generate additional revenues. If an entity makes a 10\npercent \nreturn on its assets and manages to defer a tax payment of $100 million for\none \nyear, the additional profit to be earned is $10 million ($100 million \u00d7 10\npercent).\n\n\nBusinesses commonly attempt to reduce current taxable income by moving it into \nthe future. In general, this is the likely method used by Southwest, Kroger,\nand Ford \nto create their deferred tax liabilities.\n\n\n\u2022 Revenue or a gain might be recognized this year for financial reporting \npurposes but put off until an upcoming time period for tax purposes. \nThe payment of tax on this income has been pushed to a future year. \n\u2022 An expense is recognized immediately for tax purposes although it can \nonly be deducted in later years according to financial accounting rules.\n\n\nIn both of these cases, taxable income is reduced in the current period\n(revenue is \nmoved out or expense is moved in) but increased at a later time (revenue is\nmoved \nin or expense is moved out). Because a larger tax will have to be paid in the \nsubsequent period, a deferred income tax liability is reported.\n\n\nDeferred income tax liabilities are easiest to understand conceptually by\nlooking at \nrevenues and gains. Assume that a business reports revenue of $100 on its Year\nOne \nincome statement. Because of certain tax rules and regulations, assume that\nthis \namount will not be subject to income taxation until Year Six. The $100 is\nreferred to \nas a temporary tax difference7. It is reported for both financial accounting\nand tax \npurposes but in two different time periods.\n\n\n7\\. An amount reported as either a \nrevenue or an expense for both \nfinancial accounting and \nincome tax purposes but in two \ndifferent time periods; leads to \nthe recognition of deferred \nincome taxes.\n\n\n \n\nIf the effective tax rate is 40 percent, the business records a $40 ($100 \u00d7 40\npercent) \ndeferred income tax liability on its December 31, Year One, balance sheet.\nThis \namount will be paid to the government but not until Year Six when the revenue \nbecomes taxable. The revenue is recognized now according to U.S. GAAP but in a \nlater year for income tax return purposes. Net income is higher in the current\nyear \nthan taxable income, but taxable income will be higher by $100 in the future.\n\n\n15.3 Recognition of Deferred Income Taxes\n\n\n \n607\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1493439, "type": "text", "content": "Unbilled receivables are expected to be billed in the future as follows\n(amounts in thousands, except percentage amounts):\n\n\nAs of January 31,\n\n\nContract Liabilities\n\n\n \n\nContract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer deposits that\narise when amounts are billed to or collected from customers in advance of\nrevenue \nrecognition. Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding\n12-month period is recorded as current deferred revenue and the remaining\nportion is \nrecorded as deferred revenue, long-term. The change in deferred revenue in the\nfiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 is due to new billings in advance\nof \nrevenue recognition offset by revenue recognized during the periods.\n\n\n \n\nWe recognized $5.2 million of revenue related to deferred billings in fiscal\n2021 and $8.1 million in fiscal 2020.\n\n\nDeferred Revenue\n\n\nRemaining Performance Obligations\n\n\n \n\nThe aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance\nobligations that have not yet been satisfied or are partially satisfied as of\nJanuary 31, 2021 is \n$28.2 million. This amount in part includes amounts billed for undelivered\nservices that are included in deferred revenue reported on the consolidated\nbalance sheets. \nRevenue recognized in fiscal 2021 related to remaining performance obligations\nas of the previous fiscal year ended January 31, 2020 was $13.5 million.\n\n\n82\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2358201, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='40' style='font-size:20px'>INTEVAC, INC.<br>NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS \u2013 (Continued)</h1>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Timing of Revenue Recognition</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2020</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2019</p>\n<br><table id='44' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"6\">(in thousands)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>TFE</td><td>Photonics</td><td>Total</td><td>TFE</td><td>Photonics</td><td>Total</td></tr><tr><td>Products transferred at a point in time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>$52,128</td><td>$ 1,947</td><td>$54,075</td><td>$73,678</td><td>$ 2,430</td><td>$ 76,108</td></tr><tr><td>Products and services transferred over time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>\u2014</td><td>43,749</td><td>43,749</td><td>\u2014</td><td>32,777</td><td>32,777</td></tr><tr><td>Total net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>$52,128</td><td>$45,696</td><td>$97,824</td><td>$73,678</td><td>$35,207</td><td>$108,885</td></tr></table>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The following table reflects the changes in our contract assets, which we classify as accounts receivable, unbilled or<br>retainage and our contract liabilities which we classify as deferred revenue and customer advances for fiscal 2020:</p>\n<table id='46' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>January 2, 2021</td><td>December 28, 2019</td><td>Change</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">(In thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>TFE:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accounts receivable, unbilled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>. . . $ 369</td><td>$ 760</td><td>$ (391)</td></tr><tr><td>Contract liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>$ 482</td><td>$ 320</td><td>$ 162</td></tr><tr><td>Customer advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>33</td><td>4,007</td><td>(3,974)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$ 515</td><td>$4,327</td><td>$(3,812)</td></tr><tr><td>Photonics:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contract assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accounts receivable, unbilled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>$5,439</td><td>$3,210</td><td>$ 2,229</td></tr><tr><td>Retainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>. 126</td><td>99</td><td>27</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>$5,565</td><td>$3,309</td><td>$ 2,256</td></tr><tr><td>Contract liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</td><td>$ 779</td><td>$ \u2014</td><td>$ 779</td></tr></table>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Accounts receivable, unbilled in our TFE segment represents a contract asset for revenue that has been recognized in<br>advance of billing the customer. For our system and certain upgrade sales, our TFE customers generally pay in three<br>installments, with a portion of the system price billed upon receipt of an order, a portion of the price billed upon shipment, and<br>the balance of the price due upon completion of installation and acceptance of the system at the customer\u2019s factory. Accounts<br>receivable, unbilled in our TFE segment generally represents the balance of the system price that is due upon completion of<br>installation and acceptance less the amount that has been deferred as revenue for the performance of the installation tasks.<br>During fiscal 2020, contract assets in our TFE segment decreased by $391,000 primarily due to the final billing on two systems<br>that were pending acceptance as of December 28, 2019 that completed installation and were accepted by the customer, offset by<br>the accrual of revenue for an additional two systems delivered during fiscal 2020, one of which was pending acceptance as of<br>January 2, 2021.</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Customer advances in our TFE segment generally represent amounts billed to the customer prior to transferring goods<br>which represents a contract liability. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient to disregard the effect of the time<br>value of money in a significant financing component when its payment terms are less than one year. These contract advances<br>are liquidated when revenue is recognized. Deferred revenue in our TFE segment generally represents amounts billed to a<br>customer for completed systems at the customer site that are undergoing installation and acceptance testing where transfer of<br>control has not yet occurred as Intevac does not yet have a demonstrated history of meeting the acceptance criteria upon the<br>customer\u2019s receipt of product and represents a contract liability. During fiscal 2020, we recognized revenue in our TFE segment<br>of $4.0 million and $203,000 that was included in customer advances and deferred revenue, respectively, at the beginning of the<br>period.</p>\n<footer id='49' style='font-size:20px'>48</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 553307, "type": "text", "content": "Notes forming part of the standalone financial statements for the year ended\non 31 March 2021\n\n\nAccordingly, the Company exercises its judgement to reassess the carrying\namount of deferred tax assets at the end of \neach reporting period.\n\n\n \n\nc. Measurement of defined benefit obligation, key actuarial assumptions and\nshare based payments\n\n\n \n\nInformation about assumptions and estimation uncertainties in respect of\ndefined benefit obligation and share based \npayment are given in note 33 and note 40 respectively.\n\n\n \n\nd. Business combinations\n\n\n \n\nBusiness combinations are accounted for using Ind-AS 103, Business\nCombinations. Ind-AS 103 requires the \nidentifiable intangible assets and contingent consideration to be fair valued\nin order to ascertain the net fair value of \nidentifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquiree.\nSignificant estimates are required to be made in \ndetermining the value of contingent consideration and intangible assets.\n\n\n \n\n# e. Leases\n\n\n \n\nThe Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the\nrequirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of \na lease requires significant judgment. The Company uses significant judgement\nin assessing the lease term (including \nanticipated renewals) and the applicable discount rate.\n\n\n \n\n# f. Impairment of investment in subsidiaries\n\n\n \n\nThe Company reviews its carrying value of investments carried at cost (net of\nimpairment, if any) annually, or more \nfrequently when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount\nis less than its carrying amount, the \nimpairment loss is accounted for in the statement of profit and loss.\n\n\n \n\ng. Estimation uncertainties relating to the COVID-19 pandemic:\n\n\n \n\nThe Company has considered the possible effects that may result from COVID-19,\na global pandemic, on the carrying \namount of receivables, unbilled revenue and intangible assets. In developing\nthe assumptions relating to the possible \nfuture uncertainties in the economic conditions because of this pandemic, the\nCompany, as at the date of approval \nof these financial statements has used internal and external sources of\ninformation including economic forecasts. \nThe Company based on current estimates expects the carrying amount of the\nabove assets will be recovered, net of \nprovisions established. Considering the fact that the global situation is\nevolving day by day with new facts and numbers, \nthe impact of the pandemic on the Company\u2019s financial statements may differ\nfrom that estimated as at the date of \napproval of these standalone financial statements and the Company will\ncontinue to closely monitor any material \nchanges to future economic conditions.\n\n\n \n\n# 1.1 Current\u2013non-current classification\n\n\n \n\nAll assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current.\n\n\n \n\nAssets\n\n\nAn asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following\ncriteria:\n\n\n \n\na. it is expected to be realized in, or is intended for sale or consumption\nin, the Company\u2019s normal operating cycle;\n\n\n \n\nb. it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;\n\n\n \n\nc. it is expected to be realized within 12 months after the reporting date; or\n\n\n \n\nd. it is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged\nor used to settle a liability for at least 12 \nmonths after the reporting date.\n\n\n \n\nCurrent assets include the current portion of non-current financial assets.\nAll other assets are classified as non-current.\n\n\n128 | Birlasoft Limited\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If deferred revenue received in advance of $100,000 is anticipated to become current five months into the fiscal year starting April 1, 2021, and the fiscal year ends on March 31, 2022, what portion of this revenue remains classified as noncurrent by March 31, 2022? Also, explain the distinction between current and noncurrent revenue classification.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 757, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3093313, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='39' style='font-size:20px'>-17-</header>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>One observation, important in the present context, can be made<br>when the graphs of the four figures are compared with one another. In<br>figure 1, which is for the year 1800, the slope is still markedly<br>gentler than unity down to the smallest cities shown (altogether the<br>data comprise 536 cities), but in figures 2, 3 and 4, which are for 1900<br>and more recent dates, the slope among the comparatively smaller cities<br>is noticeably steeper. What emerges from these graphs, and especially<br>figure 1, is that \"unity slope\" cannot be taken for granted where the<br>size distribution of cites for the whole world is concerned, and though<br>for comparatively small cities the slope probably steepens it can remain<br>markedly less than unity for a large part of its range.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In what follows, most estimates of urban population (5,000+) will<br>have to be derived from a list of the 75 presumably largest cities and,<br>more in particular, from the population estimate given for the 75th<br>city. For the first 75 cities, the combined population is obtained<br>directly from the Chandler and Fox estimates (with interpolations where<br>there are gaps). The population of all settlements smaller than the<br>75th, yet larger than the minimum size of 5,000 inhabitants, can vary<br>in accordance with the slope which will have to be assumed.</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If \"unity slope\" can be assumed, the population (in thousands) of<br>all cities smaller than the smallest given yet larger than 5,000 is<br>obtained as</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='equation'>$$\\pm5\\,\\ (\\log_{\\mathrm{e}}\\!S\\,-\\,\\log_{\\mathrm{e}}\\!S)\\,,$$</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>where S is the size of the smallest city shown (in thousands), n is the<br>rank order of that city, usually 75 (though sometimes also a different<br>figure), and 5 stands for the smallest urban settlement, assumed to have<br>the minimum of 5,000 inhabitants.</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If some other slope has to be assumed, the formula becomes more<br>complicated, namely</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='equation'>$${\\frac{\\mathrm{nS}}{\\mathrm{n}\\ -\\tau}}\\left[({\\frac{\\frac{\\Delta\\tau}{5}})^{\\mathrm{T}}}-\\mathrm{n}\\right]$$</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>where, in addition to the above specifications, r represents the slope,<br>to be taken at some value smaller than unity.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2877125, "type": "text", "content": "Adithya B., Brian L., William W., Daniel X. (5/6)\n\n\n \n\nEquations B\n\n\nOur \ufb01nal case is if (cid:98)c(cid:99) = (cid:98)a(cid:99) = 1, where ab = 5\nand bc = 3. Here we have that (cid:98)b(cid:99) \nmust be 1, 2, or 3, corresponding to ac = 4, 2, 4 , respectively. The \ufb01rst\ncase is impossible, \n3 \nlike in the \ufb01rst case: We have ac < 2 \u00b7 2 = 4. For the second case, we solve\n\n\n \n\n# \u221a \u221a \u221a\n\n\n \n\n$$a=\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{3},\\;b=\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{3},\\;c=\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{5}$$\n\n\n \n\nwhich works: we verify (cid:98)a(cid:99) = (cid:98)c(cid:99) = 1 and\n(cid:98)b(cid:99) = 2. On the other hand, if ac = 4 then \n3\n\n\n \n\n# \u221a \u221a \u221a\n\n\n \n\n$$a=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{3},\\;b=\\frac{3\\sqrt{5}}{2},\\;c=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}$$\n\n\n \n\nbut this doesn\u2019t work because (cid:98)c(cid:99) = 0.\n\n\nTo conclude, we have the two solutions\n\n\n \n\n$$\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{3},\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{4},\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{5}\\right)\\;\\mathrm{and}\\;\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{3},\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{2},\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{5}\\right).$$\n\n\n \n\nEssentially, we multiplied the three equations at the beginning to place\nrelatively tight \nbounds on (cid:98)a(cid:99), (cid:98)b(cid:99), and (cid:98)c(cid:99) and then\nused casework on these possibilities to \ufb01nd the \nsolutions.\n\n\nExample 2.3 (2012 AIME II #10)\n\n\n \n\nFind the number of positive integers n less than 1000 for which there exists a\npositive \nreal number x such that n = x(cid:98)x(cid:99).\n\n\nSolution. Again, the fact that (cid:98)x(cid:99) is always an integer is\nuseful, speci\ufb01cally taking cases \non (cid:98)x(cid:99). We can rewrite this as\n\n\n \n\n$$x[x]={\\binom{0}{x}}_{1}\\quad1\\leq x<1$$\n\n\n \n\nNow taking cases on (cid:98)x(cid:99), we can easily see what (real!) values\nx(cid:98)x(cid:99) can take:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 (cid:98)x(cid:99) = 0 : x(cid:98)x(cid:99) = 0. \n\u2022 (cid:98)x(cid:99) = 1 : x(cid:98)x(cid:99) = x and 1 \u2264 x < 2 so 1 \u2264\nx(cid:98)x(cid:99) < 2. \n\u2022 (cid:98)x(cid:99) = 2 : x(cid:98)x(cid:99) = 2x and 2 \u2264 x < 3 so 4 \u2264\nx(cid:98)x(cid:99) < 6. \n\u2022 (cid:98)x(cid:99) = 3 : x(cid:98)x(cid:99) = 3x and 3 \u2264 x < 4 so 9 \u2264\nx(cid:98)x(cid:99) < 12.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 . . .\n\n\n \n\nThus, we see that the positive integers x(cid:98)x(cid:99) can take are n2, n2\n+ 1, . . . , n2 + n \u2212 1 for \neach positive integer n. Thus there are n integers of the form\nx(cid:98)x(cid:99) in each interval \n[n2, (n + 1)2). Summing n = 1, 2, . . . , 30, we see that there are 1 + 2 + \u00b7\n\u00b7 \u00b7 + 30 = 465 such \nintegers between 1 and 960. For n = 31, we see that the 31 integers 961, 962,\n. . . , 991 are \nalso all expressible, and there are no other expressible integers from 992 to\n1000, for a \ntotal of 465 + 31 = 496.\n\n\n4\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 252274, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Kuta Software - Infinite Pre-Algebra Name___________________________________</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Period____</h1>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='2' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Solving One-Step Inequalities by Adding/Subtracting Date________________\nSolve each inequality and graph its solution.\n1) x + 8 \u2265 18 2) x \u2212 1 > 6\n7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12\n3) \u22127 + x \u2265 \u22128 4) x \u2212 1 \u2264 3\n\u22125 \u22124 \u22123 \u22122 \u22121 0 1 2 2 3 4 5 6\n5) n \u2212 2 \u2264 4 6) v \u2212 1 < 3\n1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9\n7) \u221218 + n < \u22127 8) r + 13 < 9\n8 9 10 11 12 13 \u22127 \u22126 \u22125 \u22124 \u22123 \u22122 \u22121\n9) n \u2212 4 \u2265 13 10) p + 8 > \u22124\n14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 \u221217 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128\n11) 17 + k \u2264 10 12) \u22122 + x \u2264 \u221216\n\u22129 \u22128 \u22127 \u22126 \u22125 \u22124 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211\" data-coord=\"top-left:(68,87); bottom-right:(1124,1418)\" /></figure>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a9V l2a0N1b27 iKbustvar ASyoOf6tUw6aurfer 8LFLACx.V N XAelgl7 mr8izgYhdtKsL WrxeDsFe0r4vweGdS.T J 0MFaKdjex iwPiVt5hs OIAnCfqiin6iVt8ec IPhrDel-zAalKgoe0bXrka4.M Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC</p>\n<br><footer id='4' style='font-size:18px'>-1-</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 252276, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='8' style='font-size:20px'>Kuta Software - Infinite Pre-Algebra Name___________________________________</h1>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:20px'>Period____</h1>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='10' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Solving One-Step Inequalities by Adding/Subtracting Date________________\nSolve each inequality and graph its solution.\n1) x + 8 \u2265 18 2) x \u2212 1 > 6\n7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12\n3) \u22127 + x \u2265 \u22128 4) x \u2212 1 \u2264 3\n\u22125 \u22124 \u22123 \u22122 \u22121 0 1 2 2 3 4 5 6\n5) n \u2212 2 \u2264 4 6) v \u2212 1 < 3\n1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9\n7) \u221218 + n < \u22127 8) r + 13 < 9\n8 9 10 11 12 13 \u22127 \u22126 \u22125 \u22124 \u22123 \u22122 \u22121\n9) n \u2212 4 \u2265 13 10) p + 8 > \u22124\n14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 \u221217 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128\n11) 17 + k \u2264 10 12) \u22122 + x \u2264 \u221216\n\u22129 \u22128 \u22127 \u22126 \u22125 \u22124 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211\" data-coord=\"top-left:(69,74); bottom-right:(1111,1430)\" /></figure>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a99 929091Y2l qKWuTtFaR ySYopfWtKwta2rzeH iLfL7Cc.R o 3AwlvlR 1rSiOgdhWtasW CrgeNs1evruvcendw.6 X 5MmacdheM 6wEiJtjha eIWn7f3iQnZiGtne7 tPFr1eZ-GATlmgIedbtr0ai.8 Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC</p>\n<br><footer id='12' style='font-size:18px'>-1-</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1491866, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>the derivative of f is negative on (4, \u221e). This is a routine calculation, but we include it<br>here for completeness. We have</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='equation'>$$f^{\\prime}(x)=-\\frac{k x^{k-1}}{(x^{k}-1)^{2}}+\\sum_{i=k+1}^{l}\\frac{i x^{i-1}}{(x^{i}-1)^{2}}\\,.$$</p>\n<br><caption id='81' style='font-size:16px'>(25)</caption>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The terms of the sum here, let us call them Ti(x), satisfy<br>Ti(x) > 2 \u00b7 Ti+1(x)</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>for all i and all x > 4. To see this, note that the inequality is equivalent to</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='equation'>$$2\\left(1+{\\frac{1}{i}}\\right)x<\\left(x+{\\frac{x-1}{x^{i}-1}}\\right)^{2}$$</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>.</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This statement is true for all reals x > 4 and all positive integers i since then we have<br>that LHS \u2264 4x < x2 \u2264 RHS. Thus, for x > 4, we have</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='equation'>$$f^{\\prime}(x)<\\frac{k x^{k-1}}{(x^{k}-1)^{2}}\\left(-1+\\sum_{i=k+1}^{l}\\frac{1}{2^{i-k}}\\right)<0\\,.$$</p>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Case 2: w \u2208 (\u22121, 0). Here we have a = (1 + w/2) and b = (1 + w/3). We choose r<br>to be a positive integer that satis\ufb01es br < 1 . Let rk be the smallest index for which the<br>4<br>sequences di\ufb00er, i.e., srk (cid:54)= trk. We assume w.l.o.g. that srk = 3 and trk = 2, otherwise<br>we exchange the roles of S and T . In (23), terms of the sum for i < rk cancel, and so<br>do terms for those i\u2019s which are not integer multiples of r. The terms corresponding to<br>i = rk are g(brk) \u2212 g(ark) < 0. We apply the monotonicity of g to the remaining terms<br>for i > rk, which allows us to upper bound \u2206 as follows.</p>\n<p id='89' data-category='equation'>$$\\Delta\\le g\\bigl(b^{r k}\\bigr)+\\sum_{i=k+1}^{l/r}g\\bigl(a^{r i}\\bigr)-g\\bigl(a^{r k}\\bigr)-\\sum_{i=k+1}^{l/r}g\\bigl(b^{r i}\\bigr)$$</p>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For x \u2208 (0, 1), we can expand g(x) into the geometric series</p>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='equation'>$$g(x)=\\frac{1}{x-1}=-\\sum_{j=0}^{\\infty}x^{j}\\,.$$</p>\n<br><h1 id='92' style='font-size:16px'>Applying this representation to our estimate for \u2206 and rearranging terms, we arrive at</h1>\n<p id='93' data-category='equation'>$$\\Delta\\leq\\sum_{j=0}^{\\infty}\\left((a^{r j})^{k}-(b^{r j})^{k}+\\sum_{i=k+1}^{l/r}\\left((b^{r j})^{i}-(a^{r j})^{i}\\right)\\right)=\\sum_{j=0}^{\\infty}\\left(F(a^{r j})-F(b^{r j})\\right)\\,,$$</p>\n<br><h1 id='94' style='font-size:16px'>where F is the function</h1>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='equation'>$$F(y)=y^{k}-\\sum_{i=k+1}^{l/r}y^{i}\\,.$$</p>\n<footer id='96' style='font-size:16px'>26</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3545324, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='34' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"y\n10\n123456789 x\n-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3\n-1\ny = 9 - 3x 2 -2\n-3\" data-coord=\"top-left:(134,136); bottom-right:(889,591)\" /></figure>\n<p id='35' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>3<br>\u222b (9 \u2212 3\ud835\udc652)\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc65<br>0<br>= |9\ud835\udc65 \u2212 \ud835\udc653|0 3<br>+ |9\ud835\udc65 \u2212 \ud835\udc653|1,7 3<br>= |9\ud835\udc65 \u2212 \ud835\udc653|0 1,7<br>= |9(1,7) \u2212 1,73| + |(9(3) \u2212 33) \u2212 (9(1,7) \u2212 1,73|<br>= |10,387| + |\u221210,387|<br>10,387 + 10,387 = 20,774 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc60</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>7 .4 \ud835\udc53(\ud835\udc65) = \ud835\udc653 \u2212 4\ud835\udc65 for x = -2 to x = 2</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='37' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"y\n12345\nx\n-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3\n-1\n-2\ny = x 3 - 4x\n-3\n-4\n-5\" data-coord=\"top-left:(134,1027); bottom-right:(884,1512)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 252277, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='13' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"13) \u221228 < v \u2212 16 14) n \u2212 2 > \u221220\n\u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128 \u221221 \u221220 \u221219 \u221218 \u221217 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214\n15) x \u2212 7 < \u221220 16) x + 13 \u2265 5\n\u221217 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128 \u22127 \u22126 \u22125\n17) x \u2212 10 > \u22121 18) x \u2212 12 < \u221211\n7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 \u22122 \u22121 0 1 2 3 4 5\n19) r \u2212 2 > 11 20) 9 + n > \u22124\n9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128\n21) 20 \u2265 p + 16 22) 11 \u2265 8 + n\n0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 \u22121 0 1 2 3 4 5\n23) 6 > \u221211 + a 24) p \u2212 6 \u2265 \u22123\n13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 \u22122 \u22121 0 1 2 3 4 5\n25) n \u2212 83 > \u2212166 26) \u22123 \u2265 x + 16\n\u221286 \u221285 \u221284 \u221283 \u221282 \u221281 \u221224 \u221223 \u221222 \u221221 \u221220 \u221219 \u221218 \u221217 \u221216 \u221215\" data-coord=\"top-left:(67,33); bottom-right:(1050,1508)\" /></figure>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Create your own worksheets like this one with Infinite Pre-Algebra. Free trial available at KutaSoftware.com</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a9t J2e0F1m2d uKuuetjaG SSroAf3tZwOaJrweB MLlLpCk.4 O kAslUlu gr2idgphqt8sR br2eAsweqrPv6e8db.I P SMfaod4ej swTictHhp UIfnlfKimnkiFtyeV XPzrceG-TAdlWgVe0bMraaX.K Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC</p>\n<br><footer id='16' style='font-size:18px'>-2-</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2651435, "type": "text", "content": "that represents all independent sets in the population. Since a set of\nvertices is a clique \nof G if and only if it is an independent set of the complement graph with\nadjacency \nrelation R \u2229 I, we can determine the vector\n\n\n \n\n>\n\n\n \n\n$$\\operatorname{L}(({\\overline{{1}}}\\cup R)P\\cap P)$$\n\n\n \n\nthat speci\ufb01es all columns of P that represent cliques of R. Considering the\ndifferent \nexpressions, the most costly operation that has to be performed is the\ncomposition of \ntwo n \u00d7 n relations. Therefore the evaluation process for a given population P\nand a \nrelation R can be implemented in time O(n2.376) by adapting the algorithm of\nCopper- \nsmith and Winograd (see [7]) for the multiplication of two n \u00d7 n matrices to\nrelations, \nwhich beats the lower bound of \u2126(n3) for the standard implementation.\n\n\n# 6 Conclusions\n\n\nWe have taken a relation-algebraic view on evolutionary algorithms for some\ngraph \nproblems. It turns out that the evaluation of a population can be sped up by\nusing \nrelation-algebraic expressions to test whether the solutions of the population\nful\ufb01ll \ngiven constraints. In the case of the three considered graph problems the\ncomputation \ntime for one generation can be reduced from \u0398(n3) to O(n2.376).\n\n\nReferences\n\n\n1\\. Michalewicz, Z. (2004). How to solve it: Modern heuristics. 2nd edition,\nSpringer-Verlag, \nBerlin. \n2\\. Raidl, G.R. and Julstrom, B.A. (2003). Edge sets: an effective\nevolutionary coding of spanning \ntrees. IEEE Trans. on Evolutionary Computation 7, 225\u2013239. \n3\\. Kehden B., Neumann F., Berghammer R. (2005): Relational Implementation of\nSimple Paral- \nlel Evolutionary Algorithms In: Proc. of the 8th International Conference on\nRelational Meth- \nods in Computer Science (RelMiCS 8), LNCS 3929, Springer, Berlin, Germany \n4\\. Kehden, B., Neumann F. (2006): A Relation-Algebraic View on Evolutionary\nAlgorithms for \nSome Graph Problems In: Gottlieb and Raidl (Eds.): EvoCop 2006, LNCS 3906,\nSpringer, \nBerlin, pages 147 - 158. \n5\\. Eiben, A.E., Smith, J.E.(2003). Introduction to Evolutionary Computing.\nSpringer \n6\\. Schmidt, G., and Str\u00a8ohlein, T. (1993). Relations and graphs. Discrete\nmathematics for com- \nputer scientists, EATCS Monographs on Theoret. Comp. Sci., Springer. \n7\\. Coppersmith, D., and Winograd, S. (1990). Matrix multiplication via\narithmetic progressions. \nJournal of Symbolic Computation, 9:251\u2013280. \n8\\. Garey, M. R., Johnson, D. S. (1979). Computers and Intractability: A Guide\nto the Theory of \nNP-completeness. Freeman, New York.\n\n\n69\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1491820, "type": "text", "content": "Lemma 6.3. Let q and w be rational numbers with w (cid:54)= 0 and q (cid:54)\u2208\n{0, 1, \u2212w, \u22122w}. For \nall integers m \u2265 1, there exist sets S0, . . . , Sm of positive integers such\nthat\n\n\n \n\n(cid:80) O(log3 m) for all i, and\n\n\n \n\n(i) s \u2264\n\n\n \n\ns\u2208Si\n\n\n \n\n(ii) wSi (cid:54)= wSj for all i (cid:54)= j.\n\n\n \n\nFurthermore, the sets Si can be computed in time polynomial in m.\n\n\n \n\nProof. Let b = |1 + q/w| and f (s) = 1 + q/(bs \u2212 1) for s > 0. Our choice of\nparameters \nensures that b > 0 and b (cid:54)= 1, so f is a well-de\ufb01ned, continuous, and\nstrictly monotone \n(cid:81) \nfunction from R+ \u2192 R. Furthermore, wS = \u22121 + f (s) for all \ufb01nite sets S of \ns\u2208S \npositive even integers. Now let s0 \u2265 2 be an even integer such that f (s) is\nnonzero and \nhas the same sign as f (s0) for all s \u2265 s0. For i = 0, . . . , m, let\nb(cid:96) \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7 b0 denote the binary \nexpansion of i where (cid:96) = (cid:98)log m(cid:99). Let \u2206 > 6 be a gap\nparameter that is a large and even \ninteger chosen later, but only depends on q and w. We de\ufb01ne\n\n\n \n\n$$S_{i}=\\left\\\\{s_{0}+\\Delta\\vert\\log m\\vert\\cdot(2j+b_{j}):\\;0\\le\nj\\,\\le\\ell\\right\\\\}.$$\n\n\n \n\nThe salient feature of this construction is that all sets Si are di\ufb00erent, of\nequal small \ncardinality, contain only positive even integers, and are from a range where f\ndoes not \nchange sign. Most important for our analysis is that the elements of the Si\nare spaced \napart signi\ufb01cantly, i.e.,\n\n\n \n\n$${\\mathrm{for~}}i,j{\\mathrm{~and~any~}}s\\in\nS_{i{\\mathrm{~}}a{\\mathrm{~}}i}\\in\nS_{j},{\\mathrm{either~}}s=t{\\mathrm{~or~}}|s-t|\\geq\\Delta\\log m.$$\n\n\n \n(P)\n\n\n \n\nFrom |Si| = (cid:98)log m(cid:99) + 1 and the fact that all numbers in the\nsets are bounded by \nO(log2 m), we immediately get (i).\n\n\n \n\nTo establish (ii), let 0 \u2264 i < j \u2264 m. We want to show that wSi (cid:54)= wSj .\nLet us de\ufb01ne \nS = Si \\ Sj and T = Sj \\ Si. From (15), we see by multiplying with (wSi\u2229Sj +\n1) on both \nsides that wS + 1 = wT + 1 is equivalent to wSi = wSj since wSi\u2229Sj (cid:54)=\n\u22121. \n(cid:81) (cid:81) \nIt remains to show that f (s) (cid:54)= f (t). Equivalently, \ns\u2208S t\u2208T\n\n\n$$\\prod_{s\\in S}\\left(b^{s}+q-1\\right)\\prod_{t\\in\nT}\\left(b^{t}-1\\right)-\\prod_{t\\in T}\\left(b^{t}+q-1\\right)\\prod_{s\\in\nS}\\left(b^{s}-1\\right)\\neq0$$\n\n\n(cid:80) \nWe will multiply out the products in (16). Using the notation\n(cid:107)X(cid:107) = x, we \nx\u2208X \nrewrite \n(cid:88) \n(cid:89) (cid:0)bs + q \u2212 1(cid:1) (cid:89) (cid:0)bt \u2212 1(cid:1) = (\u22121)|T \\X|(q\n\u2212 1)|S\\X|b(cid:107)X(cid:107) . \ns \u2208S t\u2208T X\u2286S\u222aT\n\n\n \n(16)\n\n\nHere we use the convention that for X \u2286 S \u222a T , the term bs is taken in the\n\ufb01rst factor if \ns \u2208 X \u2229 S, and bt is taken in the second factor if t \u2208 X \u2229 T . Doing this for\nboth terms \nof (16) and collecting terms we arrive at the equivalent claim\n\n\n$$\\sum_{X\\subseteq S\\cup T}g(X)\\neq0\\,,$$\n\n\n \n(17)\n\n\n20\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 252275, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='5' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"13) \u221228 < v \u2212 16 14) n \u2212 2 > \u221220\n\u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128 \u221221 \u221220 \u221219 \u221218 \u221217 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214\n15) x \u2212 7 < \u221220 16) x + 13 \u2265 5\n\u221217 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128 \u22127 \u22126 \u22125\n17) x \u2212 10 > \u22121 18) x \u2212 12 < \u221211\n7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 \u22122 \u22121 0 1 2 3 4 5\n19) r \u2212 2 > 11 20) 9 + n > \u22124\n9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 \u221216 \u221215 \u221214 \u221213 \u221212 \u221211 \u221210 \u22129 \u22128\n21) 20 \u2265 p + 16 22) 11 \u2265 8 + n\n0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 \u22121 0 1 2 3 4 5\n23) 6 > \u221211 + a 24) p \u2212 6 \u2265 \u22123\n13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 \u22122 \u22121 0 1 2 3 4 5\n25) n \u2212 83 > \u2212166 26) \u22123 \u2265 x + 16\n\u221286 \u221285 \u221284 \u221283 \u221282 \u221281 \u221224 \u221223 \u221222 \u221221 \u221220 \u221219 \u221218 \u221217 \u221216 \u221215\" data-coord=\"top-left:(68,36); bottom-right:(1051,1496)\" /></figure>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a99 l2B0X172N RK6u1t3ac 3ShoJfwt5wXatrPeE DLgL4CS.X U 0AJlil5 Zr4i7gjh0t0sp 4rEeNszearpvRe6dx.I e UMwaGdteC xwfictfh4 pIunwfdi5nTietleT bPZrFeG-zAglOg3eebTruaC.W Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC</p>\n<br><footer id='7' style='font-size:20px'>-2-</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Derived from the inequalities with equal or less than restrictions, compute the difference in population size between integers satisfying the restrictive set and the complementary set. Utilize the entire graphing range to adjust your findings.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 758, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1207823, "type": "text", "content": "AS: English Language\n\n\n \n\nteacher to focus on the teaching context most \nrelevant to him/her. The intention is to specifically \nfocus on the teacher as author of curriculum \nconstruction by engaging the student teachers in \ncritically reflecting on processes of developing / \nredesigning curriculum. The course will address \ncurricula in both primary and secondary \nenvironments, allowing each student teacher to focus \non the teaching context most relevant to him/her. The \nintention is to specifically focus on the teacher as \nauthor of curriculum construction by engaging the \nstudent teachers in critically reflecting on processes \nof developing / redesigning curriculum.\n\n\nA AE43R Understanding Talk-in-Interaction\n\n\nThis course aims to provide student teachers with an \nunderstanding of what underlies our ability to talk. \nMore specifically, the course examines what \npatterns, practices, methods, structures and \norganisations constitute our interactional \ncompetences. Through the course, student teachers \nwill be introduced to the close and detailed \nobservation of talk-in-interaction (including classroom \ninteraction) and to some of the systematic patterns \nfound in conversation.\n\n\nU sing recordings of naturally occurring conversation \nand their transcripts, the course aims to develop \nstudent teachers\u2019 ability to analyse everyday \nconversation and pedagogical discourse on their \nown. The assignments and project are designed to \ngive student teachers hands-on experience of \nanalysing authentic data. Using recordings of \nnaturally occurring conversation and their transcripts, \nthe course aims to develop student teachers\u2019 ability \nto analyse everyday conversation and pedagogical\n\n\n293\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 980332, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='60' style='font-size:14px'>South Asian Studies 29 (2)</h1>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>two things are simultaneously required: how the literature content is taught at<br>pedagogical level and secondly, exploited and passed on to the students.</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Secondly, the most characteristic tenants of the postmodern critical work<br>seeks to question that European philosophy and literature that has held to be<br>essentially true at an abstract or programmatic level like the studies on<br>philosophical debates such as epistemology, metaphysics, logic, is in truth a<br>contingent and a cultural construct which is historically specific and has often<br>served the indirect and hidden function of empowering members of a<br>dominant social group at the expense of \u201eOthers\u201f (Said, 1994). Therefore, to<br>bring about a fundamentally revolutionary \u201echange\u201d in a society like<br>Pakistan it is imperative that different aspects of knowledge and literature<br>to be made a part of the curriculum. Here one would advocate the<br>indigenous and culturally relevant literature to be taught equally at par with<br>the European or British literature.</p>\n<br><h1 id='63' style='font-size:18px'>E nglish Curriculum Revision: 1991</h1>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S imilarly, in 1990, the National Academy of Higher Education; University<br>Grants commission revised the curricula of English for B.A and M.A Level<br>classes. The revision for the curricula did not come up with anything new<br>that could be incorporated considering Pakistani cultural needs and values<br>once again. It is also surprising to note that the curriculum document could<br>not frame any specific \u201eaims and objectives\u201f for teaching literature at M.A<br>Level. Unfortunately, it seems in Pakistani educational perspective the aims<br>of teaching English literature are not clear. We belong to a certain culture,<br>with a strong history of conquest as well as of being conquered and<br>colonized by the British. Moreover, if the aim is to \u201edevelop the ability to<br>read different types of texts independently and effectively\u201f, then literature<br>from Pakistani origin written in English by Pakistani writes can also serve<br>the purpose. To develop the reading skills a heavily loaded British classical<br>syllabus is not fundamentally required.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Secondly, it is also imperative that language awareness be created<br>among the educational stakeholders, because language is culturally<br>constructed and it\u201fs forms impose various meanings on its users (Fairclough,<br>1989 ). Language has an impact also the way it functions. Since the class<br>room practices remain teacher dominated, where teacher is the authority,<br>and in most cases than not, the teachers adhere to Anglo dominated<br>criticism and learning, the curriculum remains traditional not only in English<br>content but also in goals. Thus, traditional literary education is seen to be<br>presented as benign and politically \u201eneutral\u201f and \u201ecommonsense\u201f (Gramsci,<br>1971).</p>\n<footer id='66' style='font-size:14px'>418</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 123329, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='41' style='font-size:18px'>18</header>\n<br><h1 id='42' style='font-size:18px'>Mandell, \u201cPutting Contents\u201d</h1>\n<h1 id='43' style='font-size:18px'>B. Route Knowledge: the Historical Collection</h1>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In the preface to his three-volume poetry collection Specimens of the Later English Poets<br>(1807), Southey plainly acknowledges that his ambition is to present works of historical interest<br>rather than providing anthological knowledge of the canon: \"My business was to collect<br>specimens as for a hortus siccus; not to cull flowers as for an anthology\" (iv). Here he uses the<br>term anthology properly, in a way he had not used it in 1799. Anthologies contain poems<br>comparable to living flowers precisely because canonical and thus their immortality assured. But<br>in this 1807 collection, Southey chooses rather to gratify curiosity: the reader's desire to know<br>the peculiarities of the age, the manners and customs of the time. Southey sees his collection as<br>coinciding with the intentions of George Ellis\u2019s: \"I wished, as Mr. Ellis has done in the earlier<br>ages, to exhibit specimens of every writer, whose verses appear in a substantive form, and find<br>their place upon the shelves of the collector\" (iv). Southey and Ellis do not attempt, as does<br>Henry Headley and later Hazlitt, to present \"legitimate and established Poets\" (Headley xxxii)<br>but rather excerpts from \"the cabinets of literary collectors\" in order to gratify \"the curiosity of<br>the public\" (Ellis ii).</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This 1807 collection is for historians, antiquarians, and philologists:</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Down to the Restoration it is to be wished, that every Poet, however unworthy of<br>the name, should be preserved. In the worst volume of elder date, the historian<br>may find something to assist, or direct his enquiries; the antiquarian something to<br>elucidate what requires illustration; the philologist something to insert in the<br>margin of his dictionary. (vii)</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This kind of collection will give students of great literature Route Knowledge: you can drive<br>through the time, distinguishing brush (history) from landmarks (great works) based on which</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1776568, "type": "html", "content": "<br><figure><img id='83' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"68\" data-coord=\"top-left:(65,0); bottom-right:(1209,279)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='84' style='font-size:20px'>Reflections and Recommendations</h1>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Before concluding this report, it is<br>necessary for us to first reflect on<br>our capacity to pass judgement and<br>make recommendations regarding<br>the teaching of the First World War<br>in History and English Literature<br>classrooms in England. We are<br>history and literary scholars, not<br>educationalists. Neither co-author<br>has completed a PGCE, nor do we<br>have first-hand experience teaching<br>in secondary schools, Further or<br>Adult Education. However, we have<br>both achieved postgraduate level<br>qualifications in university teaching<br>practice and have amassed over<br>five years teaching experience at<br>undergraduate and postgraduate<br>level, albeit free of the constraints<br>of the National Curriculum. We<br>have spoken to and consulted a<br>lot of teachers over the course of<br>our research and, in our capacity<br>as departmental Outreach Officers<br>at our respective institutions,<br>our commitment to dialogue and<br>interaction with local teachers<br>continues. Our leadership of this<br>project has also led to involvement<br>in wider educational policy issues,<br>particularly the current reform of<br>A-level specifications.</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We have made every effort to understand<br>the constraints and obstacles faced by<br>teachers of History and English Literature<br>and hope that our recommendations<br>are taken in good faith, as part of an<br>atmosphere of dialogue and sharing best</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>practice that have been the cornerstones<br>of this research project since its inception.<br>The interaction and intellectual exchange<br>with teachers, education scholars, exam<br>board representatives and fellow academics<br>that the project entailed has been a deeply<br>interesting and enriching experience for<br>us. While our research was exploratory in<br>nature and necessarily limited in scope, we<br>trust that our results go some way towards<br>illustrating the diversity of content, attitudes<br>and approaches of First World War teaching<br>in English secondary schools.</p>\n<br><h1 id='88' style='font-size:18px'>General reflections</h1>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The response rates for our survey were<br>lower than originally hoped for, with 45<br>completed plus 53 partial responses for<br>English and 228 completed plus roughly<br>125 partial responses for History. Our<br>sample, however \u2013 notwithstanding the fact<br>that it consisted of a self-selecting audience<br>of particularly motivated teachers \u2013 paints a<br>highly diverse picture of teaching the history<br>and literature of the First World War that<br>renders generalisations problematic, and<br>serves our intended function as a selective<br>snapshot of teaching practice across two<br>subjects. Conversations with participants<br>at our workshop and focus groups helped<br>us nuance some of our findings, and<br>particularly aided us in understanding key<br>structural issues underlying the teaching of<br>First World War history and literature in<br>secondary schools.</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>One of the most fundamental concerns<br>illustrated by our findings is that of the<br>remit of teaching in each subject. Teachers</p>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>teaching First World War-related material<br>seem to be subject to a four-way split in<br>terms of motivations for and perceived<br>demands on their teaching. For English<br>teachers, the four corners of the imaginary<br>square are (1) literary or aesthetic<br>concerns (i.e. the teaching of war writing<br>as literature), (2) concerns over English<br>literature and language as carriers of cultural<br>history, (3) the desire to teach a \u2018moral\u2019<br>lesson (i.e. either cautioning pupils against<br>the cost of war or stressing its futility) and/<br>or developing pupils\u2019 sense of empathy,99<br>and (4) the need to engage students and<br>develop their generic critical skills. History<br>teachers share the latter two \u2013 skills<br>development and engagement/critical<br>skills development. However, rather than<br>aesthetic concerns and conflicts as to the<br>cultural history remit of their teaching,<br>History teachers have to grapple with<br>meeting demands on their teaching of<br>factual historical knowledge as opposed to<br>a broader cultural understanding. These<br>conflicting aims and demands in part<br>reflect wider subject-specific debates on<br>approaches to teaching, but are most likely<br>aggravated by the particular nature of the<br>topic and its central position in popular<br>memory. Somewhat fittingly, teachers\u2019<br>transmission of memory through their<br>pedagogic practice is directly influenced and<br>in many cases complicated by their own<br>\u2018memory\u2019 of the war, evident in the fact<br>that strong personal links to the conflict in<br>the form of well-transmitted family history<br>or personally-researched local connections<br>increase motivation to teach the war<br>and also potentially increase a desire to</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>99 The emphasis placed on developing empathy via the study of the First World War is perhaps most concerning. If students are encouraged to empathise with a First<br>World War fighting soldier or grieving widow, it would take a hard-hearted individual not to feel sorry for them, which, in turn, could fuel notions of futility and horror<br>in response to the war more generally that may ultimately prevent pupils from appreciating the diversity and complexity of the war\u2019s experience at the time.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2163552, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='87' style='font-size:14px'>16 VICTORIA\u2013CEDAR ALLIANCE INTEGRATED PROGRAMME HANDBOOK</header>\n<br><header id='88' style='font-size:14px'>VICTORIA\u2013CEDAR ALLIANCE INTEGRATED PROGRAMME HANDBOOK 17</header>\n<h1 id='89' style='font-size:22px'>LITERATURE IN ENGLISH</h1>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The English Literature Programme aims to nurture in<br>students an appreciation of the aesthetic value of language<br>and the literary forms through which humans have found<br>expression. The programme will expose students to a variety<br>of genres and texts to broaden their experience of literary<br>styles, periods, and ideas. The programme will take students<br>through close reading of set texts and unseen texts, teach<br>them skills of literary analysis, and guide them to develop an<br>informed personal response to Literature.</p>\n<br><h1 id='91' style='font-size:20px'>Learning Outcomes</h1>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The programme will enable our students to:</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Draw connections between self, text, and the world in<br>order to develop intellectual, emotional, socio-cultural<br>and global awareness<br>\u2022 Appreciate language as it is used aesthetically<br>and creatively<br>\u2022 Appreciate a variety of literary styles and forms<br>\u2022 Develop the skills of critical literary analysis<br>\u2022 Communicate effectively and persuasively</p>\n<br><h1 id='94' style='font-size:20px'>Curriculum</h1>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The curriculum will take students through the following skill sets:</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Interpreting and engaging with the short story, the novella,<br>the novel, poetry, and drama<br>\u2022 Understanding how language, plot, character, theme,<br>narrative style, point of view, setting and atmosphere<br>contribute to the meaning of texts<br>\u2022 Appreciating the construction of the text in its historical,<br>cultural, economic, political, and social contexts<br>\u2022 Drawing meaningful connections between texts<br>and the world<br>\u2022 Developing personal and critical responses to<br>set texts and the unseen<br>\u2022 Constructing and effectively communicating arguments<br>\u2022 Responding to different views and perspectives<br>\u2022 Comparing and contrasting between texts</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The curriculum will draw from the following themes:</p>\n<br><table id='98' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Years</td><td colspan=\"2\">Themes</td></tr><tr><td>1 & 2</td><td>Identity The Community Growing Up Family</td><td>Prejudice and Discrimination Friendship & Love The Individual and Society</td></tr><tr><td>3 & 4</td><td>The Individual and Society Power and Freedom Prejudice and Discrimination Culture</td><td>Destiny Change Influence and Family</td></tr><tr><td>5 & 6</td><td colspan=\"2\">Reading Literature Topic Paper: The Mind and Self in Literature</td></tr></table>\n<br><figure><img id='99' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"Modes of Assessment Enrichment\n\u2022 Reflection \u2022 To augment the learning within the\n\u2022 Performance task classroom, opportunities will be given\n\u2022 Portfolio for students to experience learning in\" data-coord=\"top-left:(957,186); bottom-right:(2406,1444)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='100' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(961,1306); bottom-right:(1468,1685)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Oral presentation<br>\u2022 Written test and examination</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>the field. Students will also have the<br>opportunity to deepen their engagement<br>with literature and the arts through stretch<br>programmes. These include:<br>\u2022 Writing Research Based Papers<br>\u2022 Exposure to Theatre and Literary Forums<br>\u2022 MOE Creative Arts Programme<br>\u2022 Talent Development Programme<br>\u2022 Humanities Special Programme (Years 3 \u2013 6)<br>\u2022 Humanities Symposium</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 123331, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='57' style='font-size:18px'>Mandell, \u201cPutting Contents\u201d</h1>\n<br><header id='58' style='font-size:18px'>20</header>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The period concept, as Wellek has shown, is \u201ca section of time to which some sort of<br>unity is ascribed\u201d (485). A specious (Reider 26-29) or \u201cimperfect\u201d unity (Wellek,<br>\u201cPeriodization\u201d 485), the totality thus generated presents us with a homology of \u201cthe Author\u201d: in<br>critical discourse, periods are personified bits of time just as an author\u2019s name personifies a<br>\u201cbody\u201d of texts. Like the figure of the Author, the concept of literary period unites history with<br>style. It is \u201ca time-section dominated by a set of literary norms (conventions, genres, ideals of<br>versification, standards of characters, etc.) whose introduction, spread, diversification,<br>integration, decay, and disappearance can be traced\u201d (Wellek 484). One can see how necessary<br>the notion of pervasive style to the idea of the literary period by contrasting it to the idea of the<br>\u201cage,\u201d a politically and socially determined historical moment. Both Richard Hurd and Thomas<br>Warton speak of \u201cages\u201d of poetry: Elizabethan poetry is, Warton says, \u201ccommonly called the<br>golden age of English poetry.\u201d21 Wellek rightly notes that, in contrast to the age, \u201cthe<br>dependence of literary periodization on political and social history has [. . .] never been<br>complete\u201d (483).</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Thomas Hayward's 1738 collection of excerpts of poetry, The British Muse, might at first<br>glance seem to periodize poems. However, it prints those excerpts \"according to the Order of<br>TIME in which they wrote; to shew the gradual IMPROVEMENTS of our Poetry and Language\"<br>(title page). Moreover, the collection does not collect works by author situated in historical<br>chronology but rather by subject: it is \"A Collection of Thoughts Moral, Natural, and Sublime, of<br>our English Poets . . . The Whole digested Alphabetically under their respective Heads\" (title<br>page). Organizing poetry according to \u201cages\u201d often, as here, implies evolution, but it can also<br>imply devolution, even or especially if designated by the terms \u201cneoclassical\u201d or \u201cAugustan\u201d<br>which implicitly claim similar but lesser greatness. In contrast to this notion of age, each period</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1776372, "type": "text", "content": "6\n\n\n# Wider Context of Our Research\n\n\nOur project is set in the context of a \ndiverse and changing system of secondary \neducation in England, which poses a \nnumber of challenges for research into \neducational practice. For state-maintained \nschools, topics covered are partly \nprescribed by the National Curriculum,7 \nand partly determined by their choice \nof exam board for GCSE, A-level, or \nequivalent qualifications such as the IBacc. \nSince different exam boards also offer \na number of different options for each \nqualification, and as teachers are often \nable to choose from a wide variety of \ntexts and/or sources within each option, \nit is particularly difficult to ascertain what \ntopics and materials find their way into the \nclassroom. To compound these difficulties, \nonly state-maintained schools are bound \nby the National Curriculum, whereas the \nrapidly rising numbers of Free Schools, \nAcademies and Independent Schools are \nnot, although they do have to choose from \nthe same range of approved exam boards \nand qualifications at KS4 and Sixth Form.\n\n\n \n\ncurriculum for English for implementation \nin September 2015 is at present still under \nconsultation, but it seems unlikely to return \nto a more explicit inclusion of First World \nWar literature. This implies that the choice \nof whether or not to include First World \nWar-related material into teaching at KS4, \nas at Sixth Form level, will remain largely \nthe choice of individual teachers, prompted \neither by particular interest in the topic or \nby a particular choice of exam board option \nat each level.\n\n\n \n\nIn the 2007 National Curriculum for English \nat KS4, the First World War featured only \nas a potential topic, in that authors such as \nWilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, Edward \nThomas, R.C. Sherriff and Pat Barker \nwere named as examples of twentieth- \ncentury and contemporary writers whose \nworks were suitable for study. However, \nthe 2007 National Curriculum for English \nat KS4 ceased to be statutory as of 1 \nSeptember 2013, with schools expected \n\u2018to develop their own curricula for English \nthat best meet the needs of their pupils, \nin preparation for the introduction of the \nnew national curriculum from September \n2014\u2019.8 Drafts of the new English \ncurriculum for KS4 initially explicitly included \n\u2018representative poetry of the First World \nWar\u2019 under subject content,9 but changed \nthis to the more generalised stipulation of \u2018a \nselection of poetry since 1850\u2019 and \u2018British \nfiction or drama since the First World War\u2019 \nin the subsequent draft GCSE subject \ncontent and assessment objectives.10 \nThe finalised version of the English KS4\n\n\n \n\nHistory, by contrast, is an optional subject \nfor pupils in English secondary schools \nabove fourteen years of age (KS3).11 In \nthe 2007 National Curriculum for History \nat KS3, the \u2018nature and impact of the two \nworld wars and the Holocaust\u2019 were \nspecified as \u2018aspects of history\u2019 that all pupils \nshould be taught.12 However, the National \nCurriculum is in a period of major reform \nand subject to frequent reconfiguration; the \nlatest version is due to go live in September \n2014.13 So far, the National Curriculum\n\n\n7 The National Curriculum in England \u2013 in place in different iterations since\nthe 1988 Education Reform Act \u2013 outlines which subjects are compulsory at\nwhich key \nstage in state-maintained primary and secondary education, what broad areas\nshould be covered within each subject and what levels of attainment students\nshould \nreach at the various stages, whilst allowing schools some flexibility in how\nthese requirements are implemented: \u2018For each subject and for each key stage,\nprogrammes \nof study set out what pupils should be taught, and attainment targets set out\nthe expected standards of pupils\u2019 performance. It is for schools to choose how\nthey \norganise their school curriculum to include the programmes of study.\u2019 Source:\nDepartment for Education, \u2018About the school curriculum\u2019, Last updated: 28\nJanuary \n2013,\nhttps://www.education.gov.uk/schools/teachingandlearning/curriculum/b00200366/abt-\nschl-curric [Last accessed 7 January 2014].\n\n\n \n\n8 See Department for Education, \u2018Secondary National Curriculum until 2014\u2019,\nLast updated: 5 August 2013, http://www.education.gov.uk/schools/ \nteachingandlearning/curriculum/secondary/b00199101/english [Last accessed 7\nJanuary 2014].\n\n\n \n\n9 See Department of Education, \u2018English Programme of Study for Key Stage 4,\nFebruary 2013\u2019,\nhttps://media.education.gov.uk/assets/files/pdf/e/english%20-%20 \nkey%20stage%204%2005-02-13.pdf [Last accessed 7 January 2014], p. 4.\n\n\n1 0 See Department of Education, \u2018English Literature GCSE subject content and\nassessment objectives\u2019, June 2013,\nhttps://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/ \nuploads/attachment_data/file/206144/GCSE_English_Literature_final.pdf [Last\naccessed 7 January 2014], p. 4.\n\n\n \n\n1 1 It has been mandatory from ages 5-14 years since 1995. Jerome de Groot,\nConsuming History: Historians and heritage in contemporary popular culture\n(London: \nRoutledge, 2009), p. 40.\n\n\n \n\n1 2 See\nhttp://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130802151252/https://media.education.gov.uk/assets/files/pdf/h/history%202007%20programme%20of%20 \nstudy%20for%20key%20stage%203.pdf [Last accessed 16 April 2014]. As this was\nthe most recent confirmed version of the National Curriculum for History at\nthe \ntime of our survey, it has formed the basis of our analysis.\n\n\n \n\n1 3 See\nhttp://www.education.gov.uk/schools/teachingandlearning/curriculum/nationalcurriculum2014\n[Last accessed 21 February 2014].\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1208324, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='15' style='font-size:14px'>AS: English Literature</header>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Questions of poetic prose form will be integral to the<br>course. Poetic works to be studied may include those<br>of Robert Browning, Elizabeth Barrett Browning,<br>Christina Rosetti, Alfred Tennyson, Matthew Arnold,<br>and Thomas Hardy. Prose writing by Thomas<br>Carlyle, Thomas Macaulay, John Stuart Mill, John<br>Ruskin and William Morris will also be considered.</p>\n<h1 id='17' style='font-size:18px'>A AR23C Film Studies</h1>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This course aims to provide an introduction to film<br>appreciation and analysis. The focus of the course is<br>on film as a construct of art and narrative, paying<br>particular attention to aspects of film form, aesthetics<br>and style. Using contemporary films from the past<br>two decades, we will explore filmic texts as visual<br>forms of story-telling and discuss issues such as<br>representation and spectatorship.</p>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:18px'>A AR23D Adolescent Literature</h1>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This course will explore adolescent literature through<br>a range of issues including the quest for identity, the<br>development of gender roles, the prolificacy and<br>causes of alienation and isolation, the movement<br>between innocence and experience, and conflict<br>between the individual and society. This course will<br>encourage student teachers to consider the<br>ideological implications of adolescent texts in terms<br>of the construction of child readers\u2019 developing<br>identity. Above all, the course aims to<br>reconceptualise adolescent literature in order to<br>challenge popular interpretation of the genre as \u2018a<br>literature of innocence\u2019.</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:14px'>300</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1207706, "type": "text", "content": "CS: English Literature (Secondary)\n\n\n \n\n# ACR42A Designing Literature Curriculum and Assessment\n\n\nT his course will examine the principles and practices \nthat can be used to guide the design of Literature \ncurriculum and assessment. During workshop-style \nlessons, student teachers will engage in discussions \nof theoretical principles underlying good design as \nwell as engage in practical sessions focusing on \ndesigning inquiry-based curriculum, setting and \nmarking written assessments, and creating and \nassessing alternative modes of assessments such as \noral communication, multimodal ways of assessing \nand portfolio assessment. Student teachers will also \nparticipate in an out-of-school learning journey as \npart of the course.\n\n\n# A CR42B Teaching Drama\n\n\nThis course introduces approaches and techniques \nfor teaching drama. It covers the selection of \nappropriate material as well as teaching strategies for \nthe different elements of drama. It also pays attention \nto the links between reading, performance and \nwriting, while considering the teaching of drama for \nliteracy development, cultural literacy, and creative \nand critical thinking.\n\n\n176\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 123330, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='48' style='font-size:18px'>19</header>\n<br><header id='49' style='font-size:18px'>Poetess Archive Journal 1.1 (12 April 2007)</header>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>kind of book gathers them, which one physically holds them. You know the route without<br>having an overall picture in your mind of the landscape.</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>C. Survey Knowledge</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Something major happens in the movement from Route to Survey Knowledge achieved<br>via the disciplinary anthology. In introducing his 1807 collection of curiosities, Southey splits<br>literary knowledge in two: \"The taste of the publick may be better estimated from indifferent<br>Poets than from good ones; because the former write for their contemporaries, the latter for<br>posterity\" (iv). \u201cThe latter\u201d are precisely those who will appear on a different table than history:<br>they will inhabit rather a field of immortals divided up by literary period.</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>8. Period</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Both literary critics and historians say that the concept of \u201cliterary period\u201d first came into<br>existence in Britain during the Romantic \u201cperiod\u201d (Wellek, \u201cPeriodization\u201d 484; Vogler 132;<br>Blix 52; de Grazia 96-97; Chandler 108-110). As Thomas Vogler recognizes, though, to say \u201cthe<br>notion of \u2018literary period\u2019 emerged during the Romantic period\u201d is circular if not strictly<br>speaking tautological, dating the emergence of a disciplinary object as an instance of that object:</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>For us the periodization of history continues to bear the ideological stamp of<br>Romanticism, the \u2018period\u2019 which initiated our concept of period and to which all<br>discussions of period inevitably return. . . . What we continue to call the<br>Romantic period raises in history the question of history. . . . How we deal with<br>Romanticism will be the touchstone for how we deal with the concept of<br>historical period at its most profound level. (Vogler 132, 134)<br>authors were aware of stepping onto the stage of history, Romantic writers were the</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If previous<br>first to see literary history as printed performance within book history.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering both Southey's intention to 'gratify curiosity' and Hayward's focus on 'gradual improvement', how would you construct a curriculum module for a literature class that incorporates both these elements? Outline how you will assess the module's effectiveness in providing both historical understanding and thematic engagement.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 763, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["textual reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 992449, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='51' style='font-size:14px'>3</header>\n<figure><img id='52' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"63 copies 63 copies\n63 independent\nof PAC of PAC\ncopies of channel\nencoder decoder\n^\nd1 h1\nPACE W PACD\n^\nd55 h55\nSystematic PACE W PACD ^ ^\nH RS D\nD H\n(252,220,33) RS p1^ decoder\np1\nencoder PACE W PACD\np8 p8^\nPACE W PACD\" data-coord=\"top-left:(235,106); bottom-right:(1028,426)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='53' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 3. Block diagram of RS-PAC coding scheme.</caption>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u039b(x) of degree \u03b4 which \u03b4 roots of \u039b(x) are the reciprocals<br>of the error locations. Obtaining \u039b(x) can be done using<br>the Euclidean or Berlekamp-Massey algorithm [11], [12].<br>The Euclidean algorithm is easier to implement; however,<br>the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm is more ef\ufb01cient for both<br>hardware and software implementations. Berlekamp\u2013Massey<br>algorithm\u2019s computational complexity is of O(\u03b42) order.</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>After obtaining \u039b(x), the decoder\u2019s job is to \ufb01nd its roots.<br>One inef\ufb01cient way to determine the roots of \u039b(x) is to<br>examine every element of the \ufb01nite \ufb01eld to determine whether<br>it is a root of the error locator polynomial. Chien search is<br>an ef\ufb01cient way to \ufb01nd the roots Xi of \u039b(x) [13]. If Chien<br>search results in less than \u03b4 distinct roots (degree of \u039b(x)), the<br>decoding algorithm can declare a decoder failure (roots may<br>be repeated or in an extension \ufb01eld of GF(28)).</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As RS code is a nonbinary code, in addition to \ufb01nding the<br>error locations X \u22121 , the decoder should determine the error<br>i<br>values as well. According to Forney\u2019s algorithm [14], error<br>polynomial e(x) is computed as</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='equation'>$$e(x)=-{\\frac{\\Omega(x)}{\\Lambda^{'}(x)}},$$</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>where \u2126(x) = S(x)\u039b(x) (mod x2t) is the the error-evaluator<br>(cid:48)<br>polynomial and \u039b (x) is the formal derivative of \u039b(x). For the<br>ith error location X \u22121 , ei = e(X \u22121 ) is the ith error value.<br>i<br>i<br>Finally, the recovered codeword polynomial is \u02c6h(x) = r(x) +<br>e(x).</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>IV. RS-PAC CONCATENATED CODES</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A single-level concatenated coding scheme usually employs<br>a nonbinary code such as RS code as an outer code and<br>a binary code such as CC as an inner code. For a CC of<br>memory size m as the inner code, a single incorrect decoding<br>decision might give rise to a burst decoding error of length<br>m. Bene\ufb01ting from an RS code over GF(2m), a burst of m<br>bit errors introduced by the inner code is interpreted as one<br>symbol error by the outer RS code. An RS code capable of<br>correcting t symbol errors can correct up to t of these burst<br>errors. This concatenation results in a powerful code with<br>excellent error-correction performance [15]. In a PAC code,<br>because of the polarization effect, the CC sees a channel with<br>a memory of N , and thus a wrongly decoded bit may result<br>in a burst error of size up to N bits.</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A. RS-PAC Concatenated Codes without Interleaver</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>This section constructs a multi-level concatenated RS and<br>PAC (RS-PAC) code as illustrated in Fig. 3. Assume a<br>(252, 220, 33) RS code over GF(28) with a systematic en-<br>coder. An input data D = (d1, d2, \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7 , d55) of length 220<br>symbols is the input of both RS encoder and 55 parallel<br>PAC(64, 32) encoders, where vector di consists of 4 symbols<br>(32 bits). The overall code rate of this coding scheme is<br>R = (220/252) \u00d7 (32/64) \u2248 0.44. The RS encoder calculates<br>a parity P = (p1, p2, \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7 , p8) of length 32 symbols which is<br>the input of 8 other PAC encoders. Each vector pi consists of<br>4 symbols (32 bits). The whole RS systematic encoder output<br>is</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='equation'>$${\\bf H}=({\\bf h_{1}},{\\bf h_{2}},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,{\\bf h_{63}})=({\\bf d_{1}},{\\bf d_{2}},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,{\\bf d_{55}},{\\bf p_{1}},{\\bf p_{2}},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,{\\bf p_{8}})\\,.$$</p>\n<caption id='64' style='font-size:20px'>(7)</caption>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Overall, each of 63 parallel PAC encoders receives vector hi<br>of length 4 symbols (32 bits) for i from 1 to 63. The output<br>of each PAC encoder is sent through 63 copies of the channel,<br>and the channel outputs are decoded with the corresponding<br>\u02c6 corresponding to hi.<br>PAC decoder to obtain an estimate hi<br>The output of 63 parallel PAC decoder is denoted by vector</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='equation'>$$\\hat{\\bf H}=(\\hat{\\bf h}_{1},\\hat{\\bf h}_{2},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,\\hat{\\bf h}_{63}),$$</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>where each \u02c6hi has 4 symbols (32 bits), and \u02c6H has a length of<br>252 symbols. Finally, the RS decoder receives vector \u02c6H and<br>outputs the estimate data</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='equation'>$$\\hat{\\bf M}=(\\hat{\\bf d}_{1},\\hat{\\bf d}_{2},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,\\hat{\\bf d}_{55}),$$</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>where \u02c6D has a length of 220 symbols.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Note that the (252, 220, 33) RS code can correctly decode<br>up to 16 symbol errors (4 \u00d7 32 bits). In the case that RS<br>decoder declares a decoding failure, RS-PAC concatenated<br>code outputs the \ufb01rst 220 symbols of RS decoder input<br>(\u02c6h1, \u02c6h2, \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7 , \u02c6h55). Alternatively, this RS-PAC coding scheme<br>can be constructed using a (240, 208, 33) RS code as the outer<br>code, and PAC(128, 64) or PAC(256, 128) codes as the inner<br>codes. The former uses 30 parallel PAC(128, 64) codes, while<br>the latter uses 15 parallel PAC(256, 128) codes.</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Fig. 4 plots the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of the<br>proposed RS-PAC concatenated code compared to the BER<br>performance of a PAC(64, 32) code. For SNR values above</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1618082, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This block also removes DC, guard and pilot subcar-<br>riers and thus subsets the 64 symbol input vector into<br>48 symbols.</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G. Signal Field Decoding</p>\n<p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(8)</p>\n<br><caption id='108' style='font-size:14px'>(7)</caption>\n<p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>.</p>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The next block in the chain is called OFDM Decode<br>Signal. In each frame, the short and long training<br>sequences are followed by the signal \ufb01eld, which is a<br>BPSK modulated OFDM symbol encoded with a rate<br>of 1/2 that carries information about the length and<br>encoding of the following symbols. Again, the start of<br>the frame by thus, the position of the signal \ufb01eld<br>and,<br>is tagged in the sample stream. For decoding of the<br>convolutional code, the IT++ library is used.</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>version value and if the parity bit<br>If the signal \ufb01eld is decoded successfully, i.e., if the<br>rate \ufb01eld contains a valid<br>is correct, OFDM Decode Signal annotates the sample<br>stream with a tag, carrying a tuple of encoding and<br>length of the frame. This tag is used by the following<br>block to decode the payload.</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H.</p>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Frame Decoding</p>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The \ufb01nal step in the receiver is the decoding of the<br>actual payload. It is performed in multiple sub-steps,<br>as follows.</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Demodulation: The OFDM Decode MAC block receives<br>vectors of 48 constellation points in the complex plane,<br>corresponding to the 48 data subcarriers per OFDM<br>symbol. According to the used modulation scheme,<br>these constellations are mapped to \ufb02oating point values,<br>representing the soft-bits of the employed modulation.</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Deinterleaving: Dependent on the Modulation and<br>Coding Scheme (MCS), the bits of a symbol are<br>permuted. The permutation is the same for all symbols<br>of a frame.</p>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Convolutional Decoding and Puncturing: For decoding<br>of the convolutional code and puncturing, the IT++<br>library is again utilized.</p>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Descrambling: The \ufb01nal step in the decoding process<br>is descrambling. In the encoder the initial state of the<br>scrambler is set to a pseudo random value. As the</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1339766, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='67' style='font-size:20px' alt=\";\u00b0\n// 1\nMEMORY - DATA MERGE CPU\nG & DATA FANOUT\nDATA BITS\\ - I ERROR CORRECT\nI\n63 ~ 1\n- ERROR DETECT\nCHECK BITS L 64 ..\n'71\" data-coord=\"top-left:(136,155); bottom-right:(1213,548)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='68' style='font-size:18px'>Figure 5-2. Memory data path with SECDED</caption>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The SECDED error processing scheme is based on error detection and<br>correction codes devised by R. W. Hammingt. An 8-bit check byte is<br>appended to the 64-bit data word before the data is written in memory.<br>The eight check bits are each generated as even parity bits for a<br>specific group of data bits. Figure 5-3 shows the bits of the data<br>word used to determine the state of each check bit. An X in the<br>horizontal row indicates that data bit contributes to the generation<br>of that check bit. Thus, check bit number 0 (bit 264 ) is the bit making<br>group parity even for the group of bits 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 211 , 213 , 215 ,<br>217,219,221,223,225,227,229, and 231 through 255.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The eight check bits are stored in memory at the same location as the<br>data word. When read from memory, the same 72-bit matrix of figure 5-3<br>is used to generate a new set of parity bits, which are even parity bits<br>of the data word and the old check bits. The resulting eight parity bits<br>are called syndrome bits, shown as bits 64 through 71 in figure 5-3.</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:16px'>t Hamming, R.W., \"Error Detection and Correcting Codes\". Bell System<br>Technical Journal, 29, No., 2,147-160 (April, 1950).</p>\n<footer id='72' style='font-size:18px'>2240004</footer>\n<br><footer id='73' style='font-size:18px'>5-6</footer>\n<br><footer id='74' style='font-size:14px'>E</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1363112, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>value which has been calculated (A2 Hex in this exam-<br>ple), is now used as input to the shift register for the next<br>eight bits of data, the final result in the shift register after<br>the entire 64 bits of data have been entered should be all<br>0\u2019s. This property is always true for the DOW CRC algo-<br>rithm. If any 8\u2013bit value that appears in the shift register<br>is also used as the next eight bits in the input stream,<br>then the result that appears in the shift register after the<br>8th data bit has been shifted in is always 00 Hex. This<br>can be explained by observing that the contents of the<br>8th stage of the shift register is always equal to the in-<br>coming data bit, making the output of the EXOR gate<br>controlling the feedback and the next state value of the</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>DALLAS 1\u2013WIRE 8\u2013BIT CRC Figure 2</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>first stage of the shift register always equal to a logic 0.<br>This causes the shift register to simply shift in 0\u2019s from<br>left to right as each data bit is presented, until the entire<br>register is filled with 0\u2019s after the 8th bit. The structure of<br>the Dallas Semiconductor 1\u2013Wire 64\u2013bit ROM uses this<br>property to simplify the hardware design of a device<br>used to read the ROM. The shift register in the host is<br>cleared and then the 64 ROM bits are read, including the<br>CRC value. If a correct read has occurred, the shift reg-<br>ister is again all 0\u2019s which is an easy condition to detect.<br>If a non-zero value remains in the shift register, the read<br>operation must be repeated.</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Polynomial = X8 + X5 + X4 + 1</p>\n<br><figure><img id='47' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH 5TH 6TH 7TH 8TH\nSTAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE\nX0 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8\nINPUT DATA\" data-coord=\"top-left:(208,614); bottom-right:(1058,855)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Until now, the discussion has centered around a hard-<br>ware representation of the CRC process, but clearly a<br>software solution that parallels the hardware methodol-<br>ogy is another means of computing the DOW CRC val-<br>ues. An example of how to code the procedure is given<br>in Table 1. Notice that the XRL (exclusive or) of the A<br>register with the constant 18 Hex is due to the presence<br>of the EXOR feedback gates in the DOW CRC after the<br>fourth and fifth stages as shown in Figure 2. An alterna-<br>tive software solution is to simply build a lookup table<br>that is accessed directly for any 8\u2013bit value currently<br>stored in the CRC register and any 8\u2013bit pattern of new<br>data. For the simple case where the current value of the<br>CRC register is 00 Hex, the 256 different bit combina-<br>tions for the input byte can be evaluated and stored in a<br>matrix, where the index to the matrix is equal to the value<br>of the input byte (i.e., the index will be I = 0\u2013255). It can<br>be shown that if the current value of the CRC register is<br>not 00 Hex, then for any current CRC value and any in-<br>put byte, the lookup table values would be the same as<br>for the simplified case, but the computation of the index<br>into the table would take the form of:</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>New CRC = Table [I] for I=0 to 255 ;<br>where I = (Current CRC) EXOR (Input byte)</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>For the case where the current CRC register value is 00<br>Hex, the equation reduces to the simple case. This se-<br>cond approach can reduce computation time since the<br>operation can be done on a byte basis, rather than the<br>bit-oriented commands of the previous example. There<br>is a memory capacity tradeoff, however, since the look-<br>up table must be stored and will consume 256 bytes<br>compared to virtually no storage for the first example ex-<br>cept for the program code. An example of this type of<br>code is shown in Table 2. Figure 4 shows the previous<br>example repeated using the lookup table approach.<br>Two properties of the DOW CRC can be helpful in de-<br>bugging code used to calculate the CRC values. The<br>first property has already been mentioned for the hard-<br>ware implementation. If the current value of the CRC<br>register is used as the next byte of data, the resulting<br>CRC value will always be 00 Hex (see explanation<br>above). A second property that can be used to confirm<br>proper operation of the code is to enter the 1\u2019s comple-</p>\n<footer id='51' style='font-size:14px'>081297 128/151</footer>\n<br><footer id='52' style='font-size:18px'>128</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 340867, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='38' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(203,176); bottom-right:(713,864)\" /></figure>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>It should be clear that T(x) is divisible (modulo 2) by G(x). In any division problem, if you diminish the dividend by<br>the remainder, what is left over is divisible by the divisor. For example, in base 10, if you divide 210,278 by<br>10,941, the remainder is 2399. By subtracting 2399 from 210,278, what is left over (207,879) is divisible by<br>10,941.</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Now let us analyze the power of this method. What kinds of errors will be detected? Imagine that a transmission<br>error occurs, so that instead of the bit string for T(x) arriving, T(x) + E(x) arrives. Each 1 bit in E(x) corresponds<br>to a bit that has been inverted. If there are k 1 bits in E(x), k single-bit errors have occurred. A single burst error<br>is characterized by an initial 1, a mixture of 0s and 1s, and a final 1, with all other bits being 0.</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Upon receiving the checksummed frame, the receiver divides it by G(x); that is, it computes [T(x) + E(x)]/G(x).<br>T(x)/G(x) is 0, so the result of the computation is simply E(x)/G(x). Those errors that happen to correspond to<br>polynomials containing G(x) as a factor will slip by; all other errors will be caught.</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>If there has been a single-bit error, E(x) = xi, where i determines which bit is in error. If G(x) contains two or more<br>terms, it will never divide E(x), so all single-bit errors will be detected.</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>If there have been two isolated single-bit errors, E(x) = xi + xj, where i > j. Alternatively, this can be written as<br>+ 1). If we assume that G(x) is not divisible by x, a sufficient condition for all double errors to be<br>E(x) = xj(xi - j<br>detected is that G(x) does not divide xk + 1 for any k up to the maximum value of i - j (i.e., up to the maximum<br>frame length). Simple, low-degree polynomials that give protection to long frames are known. For example, x15 +<br>x14 + 1 will not divide xk + 1 for any value of k below 32,768.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1362931, "type": "text", "content": "# BACKGROUND\n\n\n \n\nSerial data can be checked for errors in a variety of \nways. One common way is to include an additional bit in \neach packet being checked that will indicate if an error \nhas occurred. For packets of 8\u2013bit ASCII characters, for \nexample, an extra bit is appended to each ASCII char- \nacter that indicates if the character contains errors. Sup- \npose the data consisted of a bit string of 11010001. A \nninth bit would be appended so that the total number of \nbits that are 1\u2019s is always an odd number. Thus, a 1 \nwould be appended and the data packet would become \n111010001\\. The underlined character indicates the par- \nity bit value required to make the complete 9\u2013bit packet \nhave an odd number of bits. If the received data was \n11101000 1, then it would be assumed that the informa- \ntion was correct. If, however, the data received was \n111010101, where the 7th bit from the left has been in- \ncorrectly received, the total number of 1\u2019s is no longer \nodd and an error condition has been detected and ap- \npropriate action would be taken. This type of scheme is \ncalled odd parity. Similarly, the total number of 1\u2019s could \nalso be chosen to always be equal to an even number, \nthus the term even parity. This scheme is limited to de- \ntecting an odd number of bit errors, however. In the ex- \nample above, if the data was corrupted and became \n111011101 where both the 6th and 7th bits from the left \nwere wrong, the parity check appears correct; yet the er- \nror would go undetected whether even or odd parity was \nused.\n\n\nDESCRIPTION\n\n\n \n\nDallas Semiconductor 1\u2013Wire CRC\n\n\n \n\nThe error detection scheme most effective at locating \nerrors in a serial data stream with a minimal amount of \nhardware is the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). The \noperation and properties of the CRC function used in \nDallas Semiconductor products will be presented with- \nout going into the mathematical details of proving the \nstatements and descriptions. The mathematical con- \ncepts behind the properties of the CRC are described in \ndetail in the references. The CRC can be most easily un- \nderstood by considering the function as it would actually \nbe built in hardware, usually represented as a shift reg- \nister arrangement with feedback as shown in Figure 2. \nAlternatively, the CRC is sometimes referred to as a \npolynomial expression in a dummy variable X, with \nbinary coefficients for each of the terms. The coeffi- \ncients correspond directly to the feedback paths shown \nin the shift register implementation. The number of \nstages in the shift register for the hardware description, \nor the highest order coefficient present in the polynomial\n\n\n \n\nexpression, indicate the magnitude of the CRC value \nthat will be computed. CRC codes that are commonly \nused in digital data communications include the \nCRC\u201316 and the CRC\u2013CCITT, each of which computes \na 16\u2013bit CRC value. The Dallas Semiconductor 1\u2013Wire \nCRC (DOW CRC) magnitude is eight bits, which is used \nfor checking the 64\u2013bit ROM code written into each \n1\u2013Wire product. This ROM code consists of an 8\u2013bit \nfamily code written into the least significant byte, a \nunique 48\u2013bit serial number written into the next six by- \ntes, and a CRC value that is computed based on the pre- \nceding 56 bits of ROM and then written into the most sig- \nnificant byte. The location of the feedback paths \nrepresented by the exclusive\u2013or gates in Figure 2, or the \npresence of coefficients in the polynomial expression, \ndetermine the properties of the CRC and the ability of \nthe algorithm to locate certain types of errors in the data. \nFor the DOW CRC, the types of errors that are detect- \nable are:\n\n\n1\\. Any odd number of errors anywhere within the \n64\u2013bit number.\n\n\n \n\n2\\. All double-bit errors anywhere within the 64\u2013bit \nnumber.\n\n\n \n\n3\\. Any cluster of errors that can be contained within \nan 8\u2013bit \u201cwindow\u201d (1\u20138 bits incorrect).\n\n\n \n\n4\\. Most larger clusters of errors.\n\n\nThe input data is Exclusive\u2013Or\u2019d with the output of the \neighth stage of the shift register in Figure 2. The shift \nregister may be considered mathematically as a divid- \ning circuit. The input data is the dividend, and the shift \nregister with feedback acts as a divisor. The resulting \nquotient is discarded, and the remainder is the CRC val- \nue for that particular stream of input data, which resides \nin the shift register after the last data bit has been shifted \nin. From the shift register implementation it is obvious \nthat the final result (CRC value) is dependent, in a very \ncomplex way, on the past history of the bits presented. \nTherefore, it would take an extremely rare combination \nof errors to escape detection by this method.\n\n\nThe example in Figure 3 calculates the CRC value after \neach data bit is presented. The shift register circuit is al- \nways reset to 0\u2019s at the start of the calculation. The com- \nputation begins with the LSB of the 64\u2013bit ROM, which \nis the 02 Hex family code in this example. After all 56 \ndata bits (serial number + family code) are input, the val- \nue that is contained in the shift register is A2 Hex, which \nis the DOW CRC value for that input stream. If the CRC\n\n\n127\n\n\n \n081297 127/151\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 147484, "type": "text", "content": "Read Online Error Control Coding Solution Manual\n\n\nError Control Coding Solution Manual\n\n\n \n\nIf you ally dependence such a referred error control coding solution manual\nbooks that will offer you worth, acquire the utterly best seller from us\ncurrently from several preferred authors. If you want to funny books, lots of\nnovels, tale, jokes, and more fictions collections are after that launched,\nfrom best seller to one of the most current released.\n\n\nYou may not be perplexed to enjoy every books collections error control coding\nsolution manual that we will completely offer. It is not approximately the\ncosts. It's practically what you compulsion currently. This error control\ncoding solution manual, as one of the most practicing sellers here will\ncompletely be along with the best options to review.\n\n\nL 7 \u00a6 Error Control Coding \u00a6 Introduction \u00a6 Information Theory \\u0026 Coding \u00a6\nDigital Communication \u00a6 Introduction to Error Control Coding-I Syndrome\nCalculation Circuit - Binary Cyclic Codes - Part 4 \u00a6 Error Control Coding\n\n\n \n\nIntroduction to Error Control CodingPython Tutorial - Python for Beginners\n[Full Course] L 8 \u00a6 Part II \u00a6 Error Control Coding \u00a6 Information Theory \\u0026\nCoding I Digital Communication \u00a6Vaishali Ternary Huffman Coding \u00a6 Solved\nproblem \u00a6 Information Theory and Coding Shannon Channel Capacity \u00a6 Solved\nproblem \u00a6 Information Theory and Coding (2, 1, 1) Covolutional coding \u00a6 Time -\ndomain approach 1.9: Resolving\n\n\n(6,3) Find code words \\u0026 Redundancy L 12 \u00a6 Cyclic Code - Introduction \u00a6\nInformation Theory \u00a6 Digital Communication \u00a6 Vaishali Kikan L 9 \u00a6 Linear Block\nCode \u00a6 Information Theory \\u0026 Coding \u00a6 Digital Communication \u00a6 Vaishali\nKikan channel coding theorem Types of Error Control Codes Introduction to\nLinear Block Codes, Generator Matrix and Parity Check Matrix Information\nTheory part 14: Error correction\n\n\n \n\nMerge Conflicts - Git and GitHub for Poets Error Detection \\u0026 Error\nCorrection Capability of Linear Block Code with Example in Digital Communica\nInformation Theory and Error Control Coding Overview Shortcut for hamming code\nHamming Code - Simply Explained Introduction to Convolutional Codes-II: State\nDiagram, Trellis Diagram Digital Communications: Convolutional Codes Linear\nBlocks Codes In Details ,For any\n\n\ncodes (Hamming coding) Introduction to Error Control Coding-II Hamming block\ncode: Error control coding basic concepts Error Control Coding Linear Block\nCodes\n\n\n \n\nInformation theory and coding\n\n\n \n\n(2, 1, 2) Covolutional coding \u00a6 Time - domain approachIntroduction to Error\nControl Coding-III Send Emails from Excel - Automatically and Manually (Macro\n\\u0026 Non-Macro Solution) Error Control Coding Solution Manual\n\n\n \n\nerror-control-coding-shu-lin-solution-manual 1/1 Downloaded from\nhsm1.signority.com on December 19, 2020 by guest [DOC] Error Control Coding\nShu Lin Solution Manual\n\n\nError Control Coding Shu Lin Solution Manual \u00a6 hsm1.signority\n\n\n \n\nSOLUTION MANUAL-ERROR CONTROL CODING - LIN & COSTELLO. Views: 1420 Added: 2\nyears ago Stash About the Author. Simran Kaur Sidhu Visit Profile. 69481.\nViews. 62. Creations. 0.62. Score. Attachments (1) Ask a question; SOLUTION\nMANUAL-ERROR CONTROL CODING - LIN & COSTELLO.pdf Download. Knowledge ...\n\n\noAn (n, k) linear code C is called a cyclic code if every cyclic shift of a\ncode vector in C is also a code vector oCodewords can be represented as\npolynomials of degree n. For a cyclic code all codewords are multiple of some\npolynomial g(X) modulo Xn+1 such that g(X) divides Xn+1. g(X) is called the\ngenerator polynomial. Examples:\n\n\n \n\nKnowledge - 'SOLUTION MANUAL-ERROR CONTROL CODING' - Viden.io\n\n\nCoverage of all developments in coding since the first edition was\npublished\u0336Contains the most recent developments of coded modulation, trellises\nfor codes, soft-decision decoding algorithms, turbo coding for reliable data\ntransmission and other areas. There are two new chapters on Reed-Solomon codes\n& concatenated coding schemes.\n\n\n \n\nCoding and Error Control - Khoury College\n\n\nLin & Costello, Error Control Coding, 2nd Edition \u00a6 Pearson\n\n\n \n\nError Control Coding By Shu Lin Pdf Free 14 -- DOWNLOAD\n\n\nError Control Coding By Shu Lin Pdf Free 14\n\n\n \n\nThis book owes its beginnings to the pioneering work of Claude Shannon in 1948\non reliable communication over noisy transmission channels. Shannon's central\ntheme was that if the signaling rate of the system is less than the channel\ncapacity, reliable communication can be achieved if one chooses proper\nencoding and decoding techniques.\n\n\nError Control Coding: Lin, Shu, Costello, Daniel ...\n\n\n \n\nThe 4B/5B block coding discussed in Chapter 4 is a good example of this type\nof coding. In this coding scheme, k=4andn=5.Aswesaw,wehave2k = 16 datawords\nand 2n =32codddewords. We saw that 16 out of 32 codewords are used for message\ntransfer and the rest are eihither used for other purposes or unused. 10.15\n\n\nChapter 10 Error Detection and Correction\n\n\n \n\nThis thesis deals with the design of error-control coding schemes for three\ndifferent problems of noisy information transmission, storage and processing.\nThese problems have in common that they are of interest from a practical,\nindustrial point of view and that they cannot be solved elegantly by\ntraditional error-control coding schemes.\n\n\nDesign of error-control coding schemes for three problems ...\n\n\n \n\nEE5160 Error Control Coding (Jan-May 2015) Instructor Srikrishna Bhashyam\nOffice: ESB 212D Phone: 2257 4439. Timings E slot: Tue (11-11.50am), Wed\n(10-10.50am), Thu ...\n\n\nEE5160 Error Control Coding\n\n\n6.896: Essential Coding Theory - People \u00a6 MIT CSAIL\n\n\n \n\nA Crash Course on Coding Theory: Course notes of a fast-paced version of this\ncourse as taught at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center and the IBM\nAlmaden Research Center. For scribes, here is a sample file and the\npreamble.tex file that it uses.\n\n\n* * * Publisher:* Prentice Hall * * * Number Of Pages:* 603 * * * Publication Date:* 1983 * * * ISBN-10 / ASIN:* 013283796X * * * ISBN-13 / ...\n\n\nAbout this book An unparalleled learning tool and guide to error correction\ncoding Error correction coding techniques allow the detection and correction\nof errors occurring during the transmission of data in digital communication\nsystems. These techniques are nearly universally employed in modern\ncommunication systems, and are thus an \u2026\n\n\n \n\nebooks free: Error Control Coding: Fundamentals and ...\n\n\nThis is a well written book on the introduction to error control coding.\nAlthough now a little bit outdated (lack of all the new development of the\n1990's and 2000's, e.g. Turbo code, LDPC code, etc.), it is a good\nintroductionary book such that students can build up their foundation for\nfuther venture to the error control techniques.\n\n\n \n\nError Correction Coding \u00a6 Wiley Online Books\n\n\nCopyright code : 02d729c14b6f2abad56d7e3576d0f400\n\n\nCopyright : tuscpreps.com\n\n\n \n\nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1363111, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='29' style='font-size:20px'>BACKGROUND</h1>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Serial data can be checked for errors in a variety of<br>ways. One common way is to include an additional bit in<br>each packet being checked that will indicate if an error<br>has occurred. For packets of 8\u2013bit ASCII characters, for<br>example, an extra bit is appended to each ASCII char-<br>acter that indicates if the character contains errors. Sup-<br>pose the data consisted of a bit string of 11010001. A<br>ninth bit would be appended so that the total number of<br>bits that are 1\u2019s is always an odd number. Thus, a 1<br>would be appended and the data packet would become<br>111010001. The underlined character indicates the par-<br>ity bit value required to make the complete 9\u2013bit packet<br>have an odd number of bits. If the received data was<br>11101000 1, then it would be assumed that the informa-<br>tion was correct. If, however, the data received was<br>111010101, where the 7th bit from the left has been in-<br>correctly received, the total number of 1\u2019s is no longer<br>odd and an error condition has been detected and ap-<br>propriate action would be taken. This type of scheme is<br>called odd parity. Similarly, the total number of 1\u2019s could<br>also be chosen to always be equal to an even number,<br>thus the term even parity. This scheme is limited to de-<br>tecting an odd number of bit errors, however. In the ex-<br>ample above, if the data was corrupted and became<br>111011101 where both the 6th and 7th bits from the left<br>were wrong, the parity check appears correct; yet the er-<br>ror would go undetected whether even or odd parity was<br>used.</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>DESCRIPTION</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Dallas Semiconductor 1\u2013Wire CRC</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The error detection scheme most effective at locating<br>errors in a serial data stream with a minimal amount of<br>hardware is the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). The<br>operation and properties of the CRC function used in<br>Dallas Semiconductor products will be presented with-<br>out going into the mathematical details of proving the<br>statements and descriptions. The mathematical con-<br>cepts behind the properties of the CRC are described in<br>detail in the references. The CRC can be most easily un-<br>derstood by considering the function as it would actually<br>be built in hardware, usually represented as a shift reg-<br>ister arrangement with feedback as shown in Figure 2.<br>Alternatively, the CRC is sometimes referred to as a<br>polynomial expression in a dummy variable X, with<br>binary coefficients for each of the terms. The coeffi-<br>cients correspond directly to the feedback paths shown<br>in the shift register implementation. The number of<br>stages in the shift register for the hardware description,<br>or the highest order coefficient present in the polynomial</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>expression, indicate the magnitude of the CRC value<br>that will be computed. CRC codes that are commonly<br>used in digital data communications include the<br>CRC\u201316 and the CRC\u2013CCITT, each of which computes<br>a 16\u2013bit CRC value. The Dallas Semiconductor 1\u2013Wire<br>CRC (DOW CRC) magnitude is eight bits, which is used<br>for checking the 64\u2013bit ROM code written into each<br>1\u2013Wire product. This ROM code consists of an 8\u2013bit<br>family code written into the least significant byte, a<br>unique 48\u2013bit serial number written into the next six by-<br>tes, and a CRC value that is computed based on the pre-<br>ceding 56 bits of ROM and then written into the most sig-<br>nificant byte. The location of the feedback paths<br>represented by the exclusive\u2013or gates in Figure 2, or the<br>presence of coefficients in the polynomial expression,<br>determine the properties of the CRC and the ability of<br>the algorithm to locate certain types of errors in the data.<br>For the DOW CRC, the types of errors that are detect-<br>able are:</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1. Any odd number of errors anywhere within the<br>64\u2013bit number.</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>2. All double-bit errors anywhere within the 64\u2013bit<br>number.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>3. Any cluster of errors that can be contained within<br>an 8\u2013bit \u201cwindow\u201d (1\u20138 bits incorrect).</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>4. Most larger clusters of errors.</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The input data is Exclusive\u2013Or\u2019d with the output of the<br>eighth stage of the shift register in Figure 2. The shift<br>register may be considered mathematically as a divid-<br>ing circuit. The input data is the dividend, and the shift<br>register with feedback acts as a divisor. The resulting<br>quotient is discarded, and the remainder is the CRC val-<br>ue for that particular stream of input data, which resides<br>in the shift register after the last data bit has been shifted<br>in. From the shift register implementation it is obvious<br>that the final result (CRC value) is dependent, in a very<br>complex way, on the past history of the bits presented.<br>Therefore, it would take an extremely rare combination<br>of errors to escape detection by this method.</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The example in Figure 3 calculates the CRC value after<br>each data bit is presented. The shift register circuit is al-<br>ways reset to 0\u2019s at the start of the calculation. The com-<br>putation begins with the LSB of the 64\u2013bit ROM, which<br>is the 02 Hex family code in this example. After all 56<br>data bits (serial number + family code) are input, the val-<br>ue that is contained in the shift register is A2 Hex, which<br>is the DOW CRC value for that input stream. If the CRC</p>\n<footer id='41' style='font-size:16px'>127</footer>\n<br><footer id='42' style='font-size:14px'>081297 127/151</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 340906, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>38. The goal of this lab exercise is to implement an error detection mechanism using the standard CRC<br>algorithm described in the text. Write two programs, generator and verifier. The generator program reads<br>from standard input an n-bit message as a string of 0s and 1s as a line of ASCII text. The second line is<br>the k-bit polynomial, also in ASCII. It outputs to standard output a line of ASCII text with n + k 0s and 1s<br>representing the message to be transmitted. Then it outputs the polynomial, just as it read it in. The<br>verifier program reads in the output of the generator program and outputs a message indicating whether<br>it is correct or not. Finally, write a program, alter, that inverts one bit on the first line depending on its<br>argument (the bit number counting the leftmost bit as 1) but copies the rest of the two lines correctly. By<br>typing:</p>\n<p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>generator <file | verifier</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>you should see that the message is correct, but by typing</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>generator <file | alter arg | verifier</p>\n<p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>you should get the error message.</p>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>39. Write a program to simulate the behavior of a Petri net. The program should read in the transition rules<br>as well as a list of states corresponding to the network link layer issuing a new packet or accepting a<br>new packet. From the initial state, also read in, the program should pick enabled transitions at random<br>and fire them, checking to see if a host ever accepts 2 packets without the other host emitting a new one<br>in between.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1618067, "type": "text", "content": "Bloessl, Bastian and Segata, Michele and Sommer, Christoph and Dressler,\nFalko, \n\"An IEEE 802.11a/g/p OFDM Receiver for GNU Radio,\" \nProceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 2013, 2nd ACM SIGCOMM Workshop of \nSoftware Radio Implementation Forum (SRIF 2013), Hong Kong, China, August\n2013.\n\n\n \n\nwhere Npreamble corresponds to the added length of the \nshort and long preambles, LT is the repeating pattern \nof the long training sequence spanning 64 samples, \nand arg max3 returns the top 3 indices maximizing the \nexpression.\n\n\n \n\nThe \ufb01rst data symbol thus starts at sample index\n\n\n \n\n$$n_{\\mathcal{P}}=\\operatorname*{max}\\left(N_{\\mathcal{P}}\\right)+64,$$\n\n\n \n\nas the latest peak of the matched \ufb01lter output is 64 \nsamples before the end of the long training sequence.\n\n\n \n\nWith the relative position of the \ufb01rst data symbol \nknown, this block can extract the data symbols, then \npass chunks of data samples that correspond to one \nsymbol to subsequent blocks in the \ufb02ow graph. The \n\ufb01rst symbol of each OFDM frame is tagged, so that the \nfollowing blocks are able to recognize the frame start.\n\n\n \n\nKnowing the start of the data symbols, we can \nremove the cyclic pre\ufb01x by subsetting the data stream \nand grouping the samples that correspond to individual \ndata symbols as\n\n\n$$s\\leftarrow\\left(s[n_{\\mathcal{P}}+16],\\dots,s[n_{\\mathcal{P}}+79],s[n_{\\mathcal{P}}+80+16],\\dots]\\right)$$\n\n\nE. Phase Offset Correction\n\n\n \n\nsuperceded frequency \nThe next step is the transition from time to \ndomain, which is done by the FFT block.\n\n\n \n\nconference not \nFollowing the FFT, the OFDM Equalize Symbols block \nis the \ufb01rst one in frequency domain and is responsible \nfor phase offset correction and channel estimation. As \nthe sampling times of sender and receiver are \nsynchronized and as the symbol alignment is not perfect, \na phase offset is introduced. This phase offset is linear \nwith frequency and can be corrected with the help \nof pilot subcarriers. IEEE 802.11 mandates four pilot \nsubcarriers that encode a prede\ufb01ned BPSK constellation \nwhich is the same for each frame, but changes from \nsymbol to symbol. Thus, the symbol index within the \nframe has to be known; it is signaled by a tag in the \nsample stream that is added by the OFDM Sync Long \nblock. Based on the four pilots the phase offset is \nestimated by a linear regression and compensated.\n\n\n \n\n# F . Channel Estimation\n\n\n \n\nBesides the phase, also the magnitude of the carriers \nhas to be corrected, which is also performed by the \nOFDM Equalize Symbols block. This is especially impor- \ntant if QAM-16 or QAM-64 encoding is utilized, where \nalso the magnitude carries information. Non-linearities\n\n\n \n\nin the magnitude might be caused by imperfect channel \n\ufb01lters in the hardware. The current implementation \nof our block assumes the magnitude of the carriers to \nbe sinc-shaped and corrects based on that assumption. \nHowever, this shape could be seen to depend also on the \nsender, as we experienced differences when we using \ndifferent transmitters. Thus, this equalization needs \nsome further improvement, as it currently restricts our \nreceiver to BPSK and QPSK modulations.\n\n\n \n\nThis block also removes DC, guard and pilot subcar- \nriers and thus subsets the 64 symbol input vector into \n48 symbols.\n\n\n \n\nG. Signal Field Decoding\n\n\n(8)\n\n\n \n(7)\n\n\n.\n\n\n \n\nThe next block in the chain is called OFDM Decode \nSignal. In each frame, the short and long training \nsequences are followed by the signal \ufb01eld, which is a \nBPSK modulated OFDM symbol encoded with a rate \nof 1/2 that carries information about the length and \nencoding of the following symbols. Again, the start of \nthe frame by thus, the position of the signal \ufb01eld \nand, \nis tagged in the sample stream. For decoding of the \nconvolutional code, the IT++ library is used.\n\n\n \n\nversion value and if the parity bit \nIf the signal \ufb01eld is decoded successfully, i.e., if the \nrate \ufb01eld contains a valid \nis correct, OFDM Decode Signal annotates the sample \nstream with a tag, carrying a tuple of encoding and \nlength of the frame. This tag is used by the following \nblock to decode the payload.\n\n\n \n\nH.\n\n\n \n\nFrame Decoding\n\n\n \n\nThe \ufb01nal step in the receiver is the decoding of the \nactual payload. It is performed in multiple sub-steps, \nas follows.\n\n\n \n\nDemodulation: The OFDM Decode MAC block receives \nvectors of 48 constellation points in the complex plane, \ncorresponding to the 48 data subcarriers per OFDM \nsymbol. According to the used modulation scheme, \nthese constellations are mapped to \ufb02oating point values, \nrepresenting the soft-bits of the employed modulation.\n\n\n \n\nDeinterleaving: Dependent on the Modulation and \nCoding Scheme (MCS), the bits of a symbol are \npermuted. The permutation is the same for all symbols \nof a frame.\n\n\n \n\nConvolutional Decoding and Puncturing: For decoding \nof the convolutional code and puncturing, the IT++ \nlibrary is again utilized.\n\n\n \n\nDescrambling: The \ufb01nal step in the decoding process \nis descrambling. In the encoder the initial state of the \nscrambler is set to a pseudo random value. As the\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Imagine you have a data sequence that is first encoded using 4B/5B block coding followed by a cyclic code with a generator polynomial of degree 3. If the initial data is 16 bits long, calculate the total number of bits after both encoding processes are completed, and explain how you could verify the integrity of the final encoded sequence.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 765, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 137428, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='18' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>parking garage, or other parking area) of a polling place on the day of an election or<br>while early voting is in progress;<br>3. on the premises of any government court or offices utilized by the court, unless pursuant<br>to written regulations or written authorization of the court (Note: Attorney general<br>opinion requests RQ-0040-KP (July 24, 2015) and RQ-0051-KP (September 9, 2015) ask<br>numerous questions about this provision, and opinions on those requests are expected in<br>early 2016.);<br>4. on the premises of a racetrack;<br>5. in or into a secured area of an airport (i.e., an area of an airport terminal building to<br>which access is controlled by the inspection of persons and property under federal<br>law)(Note: A new defense to this offense was added by H.B. 554, and will be effective<br>on September 1, 2015. The defense essentially says that a license holder who makes a<br>mistake at security by forgetting that he possesses a handgun can leave upon notice); or<br>6. within 1,000 feet of premises the location of which is designated by the Texas<br>Department of Criminal Justice as a place of execution on a day that a sentence of death<br>is set to be imposed on the designated premises and the person received notice that doing<br>so is prohibited (unless the person is on a public road and going to or from his home or<br>business).</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I d. \u00a7 46.03. The exclusions above, with the exception of the \u201ccampus concealed carry exception\u201d<br>in (1), apply to the carrying of a firearm by any person, regardless of whether the person holds a<br>license to carry a handgun. Id. \u00a7 46.03(f).</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>H andgun license holders are subject to a number of further restrictions relating to the concealed<br>or open carrying of a handgun. For example, a license holder may not concealed or open carry a<br>handgun:</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1. if the license holder is given written notice by a \u201c51 percent sign\u201d as defined in Gov\u2019t<br>Code Section 411.204(c), on the premises of a business that is licensed by the Texas<br>Alcoholic Beverage Commission and that derives 51 percent or more of its business from<br>the sale of alcohol;<br>2. if the license holder is given written notice pursuant to Penal Code Section 30.06 that<br>concealed carrying is prohibited, on the premises where a high school, collegiate, or<br>professional sporting event is taking place, unless the handgun is used for the event<br>(Note: Open carry is prohibited on collegiate premises, but S.B. 11 (2015)(Penal Code<br>Section 46.035(l)) authorizes such carry beginning August 1, 2016, and subject to rules of<br>the institution. Thus, the notice requirement was added to this section.);<br>3. on the premises of a correctional facility;<br>4. if the license holder is given written notice pursuant to Penal Code Section 30.06 and/or<br>30.07 that carrying is prohibited, on the premises of a state-licensed hospital or nursing<br>home, unless the administration has granted written permission to the license holder;<br>5. if the license holder is given written notice pursuant to Penal Code Section 30.06 and/or<br>30.07 that carrying is prohibited, in certain amusement parks (Note: Section 46.035(f)<br>very narrowly defines amusement park, and only a \u201csix flags\u201d type park would meet the<br>definition.);</p>\n<footer id='22' style='font-size:14px'>4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1648666, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>COGSWELL UNIVERSITY OF SILICON VALLEY - 2020 ANNUAL SECURITY AND FIRE SAFETY REPORT</header>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:18px'>Evacuation Assembly Area</h1>\n<figure><img id='2' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(102,156); bottom-right:(862,547)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:22px'>WEAPONS POLICY</h1>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Cogswell University of Silicon Valley is committed to providing all employees, students, volunteers, visitors,<br>vendors, and contractors a safe and secure workplace and academic setting by expressly prohibiting the possession<br>of a firearm, weapon, or explosive compound or material on any campus property or within the designated school<br>safety zone, which is defined as being in, on, or within 1,000 feet of the campus or other designated worksites.<br>This policy extends to any school-sanctioned function.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Unless otherwise provided by law, it is unlawful for individuals to carry, possess, or have under their control any<br>firearm, weapon, or unlawful explosive compound while within a school safety zone, a school building, on school<br>property, at a school-sanctioned function, or on a bus or other transportation furnished by the school. Such<br>buildings include any public-owned, public-leased, or public-operated building that houses any educational<br>function.</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The following are applicable exemptions to the weapons restrictions:</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Participants in organized sport shooting events or firearm training courses.</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Persons participating in military training programs conducted by the armed forces of the United States or<br>the Texas Department of Defense.</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Persons participating in law enforcement training conducted by a certified policy academy.</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Peace officers, law enforcement officers, prosecuting attorneys, campus police or security officers, and<br>medical examiners employed by the state when acting in the performance of their official duties or<br>enroute to or from their official duties.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 A weapon that is in a locked compartment of a motor vehicle or a locked firearms rack which is on a motor<br>vehicle when that vehicle is being used by an adult over 21 who is not a student attending the school in<br>order to bring or pick up a student at the school.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Teachers and other school personnel who are otherwise authorized to possess or carry weapons provided<br>the weapon is in a locked compartment of a motor vehicle or in a located container or a locked forearms<br>rack which is on a motor vehicle.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Unless otherwise provided by state law, it is an express violation of school policy for any individuals to use, possess,<br>manufacture, distribute, maintain, transport, or receive any of the following on any school campus, on school<br>property, at a school-sanctioned function, or on a bus or other transportation furnished by the school:</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Any firearm whether operable or inoperable as defined by state law, or any facsimile thereof including,<br>but not limited to, paintball guns, BB guns, potato guns, air soft guns, or any device that propels a<br>projectile of any kind.</p>\n<br><footer id='15' style='font-size:16px'>Revised: 12/15/2020</footer>\n<br><footer id='16' style='font-size:16px'>Page 9 of 33</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136672, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>Stricken language would be deleted from and underlined language would be added to present law.</header>\n<p id='1' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1 State of Arkansas<br>2 90th General Assembly<br>3 Regular Session, 2015</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>4</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>5 By: Senator Hickey<br>6 By: Representative Vaught</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>7</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>8</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>9</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>11</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>12</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>13</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>14</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>15</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>16</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>17</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>18</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>19</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>21</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>22</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>24</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>25</p>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:22px'>A Bill</h1>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>SENATE BILL 492</p>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:20px'>For An Act To Be Entitled</h1>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>AN ACT TO ALLOW A CONCEALED HANDGUN LICENSEE TO KEEP<br>A HANDGUN IN HIS OR HER LOCKED PRIVATE MOTOR VEHICLE<br>ON HIS OR HER EMPLOYER'S PARKING LOT IN CERTAIN<br>CIRCUMSTANCES; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.</p>\n<h1 id='26' style='font-size:20px'>Subtitle</h1>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>30</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>31</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>TO ALLOW A CONCEALED HANDGUN LICENSEE TO<br>KEEP A HANDGUN IN HIS OR HER LOCKED<br>PRIVATE MOTOR VEHICLE ON HIS OR HER<br>EMPLOYER'S PARKING LOT IN CERTAIN<br>CIRCUMSTANCES.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>23 BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF ARKANSAS:</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SECTION 1. DO NOT CODIFY. Legislative intent.</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>26 (a) It is the intent of this act to reinforce and protect the right of<br>27 each citizen lawfully to transport and store a handgun within his or her<br>28 private motor vehicle for lawful purposes in any place where the private<br>29 motor vehicle is otherwise permitted to be located.</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(b) This act is to be liberally construed to enable this purpose.</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>32 SECTION 2. Arkansas Code \u00a7 5-73-306(19), concerning prohibited places<br>33 for the carrying of a concealed handgun, is amended to read as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>34 (19)(A)(i) Any place at the discretion of the person or entity<br>35 exercising control over the physical location of the place by placing at each<br>36 entrance to the place a written notice clearly readable at a distance of not</p>\n<br><h1 id='36' style='font-size:22px'>*BPG033*</h1>\n<br><footer id='37' style='font-size:14px'>02-20-2015 10:25:32 BPG033</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 137412, "type": "text", "content": "6\\. if the license holder is given written notice pursuant to Penal Code\nSection 30.06 and/or \n30.07 that carrying is prohibited, on the premises of a church, synagogue, or\nother \nestablished place of religious worship; \n7\\. anytime the handgun is not in a belt or shoulder holster, concealed, or if\nthe license \nholder is intoxicated; \n8\\. if the license holder is given written notice pursuant to Penal Code\nSection 30.06 and/or \n30.07 that carrying is prohibited, into any meeting of a governmental entity\nthat is subject \nto the Open Meetings Act; or \n9\\. on the premises of employment if prohibited by the license holder\u2019s\nemployer (including \na city), but an employee may generally leave a handgun in a private, locked\ncar in \nparking lot.\n\n\n \n\nId. \u00a7 46.035(a), (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(4), (b)(5), (b)(6); (c); (d);\nTEX. GOV\u2019T CODE \u00a7 \n411.203; TEX. LABOR CODE \u00a7 52.061 et seq.\n\n\nN ote: The language in the required sign to provide notice that concealed\ncarrying is not allowed \nhas been changed, which means any old \u201c30.06\u201d signs must be replaced, and a\nnew provision \nrelating to open carry notice has been added:\n\n\n\uf0b7 Texas Penal Code \u00a7 30.06(c)(3)(A) requires that the sign prohibiting\nconcealed carry \ncontain language identical to the following: \u201cPursuant to Section 30.06, Penal\nCode \n(trespass by license holder with a concealed handgun), a person licensed under \nSubchapter H, Chapter 411, Government Code (handgun licensing law), may not\nenter \nthis property with a concealed handgun\u201d.\n\n\n\uf0b7 Texas Penal Code \u00a7 30.07(c)(3)(A) requires that the sign prohibiting open\ncarry contain \nlanguage identical to the following: \u201cPursuant to Section 30.07, Penal Code\n(trespass by \nlicense holder with an openly carried handgun), a person licensed under\nSubchapter H, \nChapter 411, Government Code (handgun licensing law), may not enter this\nproperty \nwith a handgun that is carried openly\u201d.\n\n\nT he signs must include the exact language above in both English and Spanish,\nbe printed in \ncontrasting colors with block letters at least one inch in height, and be\ndisplayed in a \nconspicuous manner clearly visible to the public.\n\n\nA s one would expect, judges, peace officers, prosecutors, certain security\nguards commissioned \nby the Texas Board of Private Investigators and Private Security Agencies,\nmembers of the \narmed forces, corrections officers, and officers of a court are exempt in\ncertain circumstances. Id. \n\u00a7 46.03(b) & (h); \u00a7 46.15. Some of those exemptions are discussed in more\ndetail below. In \naddition, a person convicted of a felony or a family violence offense is\nprohibited from \npossessing a firearm, with some limited exceptions. Id. \u00a7 46.02.\n\n\nI t is illegal to possess, manufacture, transport, repair or sell a machine\ngun (\u201cany firearm that is \ncapable of shooting more than two shots automatically, without manual\nreloading, by a single \nfunction of the trigger\u201d) or short-barreled gun (\u201ca rifle with a barrel length\nof less than 16 inches \nor a shotgun with a barrel length of less than 18 inches, or any weapon made\nfrom a shotgun or\n\n\n5\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1237077, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='50' style='font-size:20px'>3231<br>page 2 of 2</header>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1</p>\n<br><table id='52' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Students may not use, transport, carry, or possess illegal drugs or any weapons in their vehicles</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>on school property. While on school property, vehicles may be inspected at any time by staff, or</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>by contractors employed by the District utilizing trained dogs, for the presence of illegal drugs,</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>drug paraphernalia, or weapons. In the event the school has reason to believe that drugs, drug</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>paraphernalia, or weapons are present, including by alert-trained dogs, the student\u2019s vehicle will</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>be searched, and the student expressly consents to such a search.</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>Also, by parking in the school parking lots, the student consents to having his/her vehicle</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>searched if the school authorities have any other reasonable suspicion to believe that a violation</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>of school rules or policy has occurred.</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>Seizure of Property</td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>When a search produces evidence that a student has violated or is violating either a law or</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>District policies or rules, such evidence may be seized and impounded by school authorities and</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>disciplinary action may be taken. As appropriate, such evidence may be transferred to law</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>enforcement authorities.</td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>Legal Reference: Redding v. Safford Unified School District, 504 F.3d 828, 2007 WL</td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>2743594 (C.A. 9 (Ariz.))</td></tr><tr><td>26</td><td>Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 20 (1968)</td></tr><tr><td>27</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>28</td><td>Policy History:</td></tr><tr><td>29</td><td>Adopted on: 12/15/08</td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>Reviewed on:</td></tr><tr><td>31</td><td>Revised on: 01/20/15</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 735486, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Employees using prescription drugs or over-the-counter drugs are responsible for being aware of any<br>potential effect such drugs may have on their judgment or ability to perform their duties. If such use may<br>impair the employee\u2019s judgment or ability to perform his/her job, the employee should report those<br>potential side effects to the supervisor prior to reporting to work. In the event the employee fails to report<br>such use, neither a physician\u2019s prescription nor other medical reason may be an acceptable excuse for<br>being found in violation of this policy.</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We do not offer, nor require participation in, drug and alcohol abuse education and training programs.<br>However, various public and private facilities in our area offer such programs and affected employees<br>are encouraged to seek assistance. While we do not sponsor or endorse any specific drug treatment<br>programs, such programs are available through public and private health care facilities in our area.<br>Affected employees are encouraged to seek assistance for themselves and their dependents. No<br>employee will be disciplined merely for seeking assistance under such a plan; however, violations of this<br>policy will not be excused merely because an employee is receiving treatment.</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Agency will require a drug/alcohol test for all employees involved in a work-related accident which<br>results in personal injury, lost time, or property damage. In addition, the Agency will require a<br>drug/alcohol test when, in the sole opinion of management, there exists reasonable cause to believe that<br>an employee is or has violated this policy. Reasonable cause is defined as, but not limited to, instances<br>in which there is reason to believe that an employee\u2019s performance, behavior, or physical appearance is<br>due to alcohol or drug use. The following list includes, but is not limited to, examples of reasonable<br>cause: (i) reckless equipment use; (ii) disruptive or belligerent behavior; (iii) lack of care or interest in<br>work or grooming; (iv) failure to meet schedules; (v) bloodshot, glazed, unfocused, or dilated eyes; (vi)<br>odorous breath; (vii) lack of coordination; (viii) diminished physical or mental control; (ix) slurred or<br>thickened speech; (x) inability to concentrate; (xi) unusual, excessive drowsiness; (xii) unexplained<br>changes in mood; or (xiii) similar activity and behavior. The forgoing list is meant only to be<br>representative and is not exhaustive of what shall constitute reasonable cause for drug/alcohol testing. If<br>any employee appears to be acting in an abnormal manner which gives a supervisor reason to believe<br>that the employee is under the influence of drugs or alcohol, the Agency may require the employee to<br>submit to drug/alcohol testing.</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Also as a condition of employment an employee must notify their department supervisor in writing on any<br>criminal drug statue conviction.</p>\n<h1 id='86' style='font-size:20px'>TOBACCO USE POLICY</h1>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In order to provide a smoke-free environment for employees, clients and the general public, the Agency<br>prohibits smoking and the use of tobacco products throughout the workplace and in all vehicles owned<br>by the Agency. Smoking and use of tobacco products is allowed in designated areas which are outside<br>each agency building and worksite and only during scheduled breaks and/or meal times. Employees and<br>contractors are prohibited from smoking and using tobacco products in a client\u2019s home/residence and<br>property.</p>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>POSSESSION of FIREARMS other WEAPONS, EXPLOSIVES or FIREWORKS POLICY</p>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Employees and contractors are prohibited from bringing, using or possessing (whether concealed or not)<br>firearms, explosives, fireworks, knives, clubs, stun guns, mace or other prohibited weapons onto the<br>workplace , worksite and to Agency related activities. To ensure the safety of all persons, employees or<br>contractors who observe or suspect a violation of the Agency\u2019s firearms, other weapons, explosives or<br>fireworks policy must report it to their supervisor immediately. The Agency will follow all laws (state and<br>federal) regarding concealed weapons</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Page 7</p>\n<br><footer id='91' style='font-size:20px'>Legacy Attendant Handbook</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136674, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='71' style='font-size:14px'>SB492</header>\n<p id='72' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 personal handgun storage container until he or she has exited his or her<br>2 private motor vehicle.</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>3 (b) A private employer shall not prohibit or attempt to prevent any<br>4 employee who is a licensee from entering the parking lot of the private<br>5 employer's place of business because the employee's private motor vehicle<br>6 contains a handgun if the handgun is kept for lawful purposes and is out of<br>7 sight within the employee's private motor vehicle.</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>8</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(c) This section does not apply to:</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>9</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(1) A prohibited place specifically listed in \u00a7 5-73-306(1)-</p>\n<br><h1 id='78' style='font-size:14px'>10 (18); and</h1>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>11 (2) An employer who permits an employee to possess a legally<br>12 owned handgun in his or her private motor vehicle.</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>13 (d) The prohibitions under subsection (a) of this section do not apply<br>14 if:</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>15 (1) The motor vehicle is on the grounds of an owner-occupied<br>16 single-family detached residence or a tenant-occupied single-family detached<br>17 residence;</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>18 (2) The private employer reasonably believes that the person is<br>19 in illegal possession of the handgun;</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20 (3) The person is an employee operating an employer-owned motor<br>21 vehicle during and in the course of the employee\u2019s duties on behalf of the<br>22 private employer; or</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>23 (4) The motor vehicle is not permitted on the property for<br>24 reasons unrelated to its operator\u2019s transportation, storage, or possession of<br>25 a handgun.</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>26 (e) A former employee who possesses a handgun in his or her private<br>27 motor vehicle under this section is not criminally liable for possessing the<br>28 handgun in his or her private motor vehicle in his or her former private<br>29 employer's parking lot while the former employee is physically leaving the<br>30 parking lot immediately following his or her termination or other reason for<br>31 ceasing employment with the former private employer.</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>32</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>33</p>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>34</p>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SECTION 4. Arkansas Code Title 16, Chapter 120, Subchapter 1, is<br>amended to add an additional section to read as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>35</p>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>36</p>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>16-120-106. Possession of a concealed handgun in a parking lot.<br>(a) A business entity, owner or legal possessor of property, or</p>\n<footer id='93' style='font-size:14px'>3</footer>\n<br><footer id='94' style='font-size:14px'>02-20-2015 10:25:32 BPG033</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2532804, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022\t Special Event Retailer\u2019s license, or a Special Use Permit \u2013 \u201cAny building or real property that has been<br>issued a Special Event Retailer\u2019s license as defined in Section 1-3.17.1 of the Liquor Control Act during<br>the time designated for the sale of alcohol by the Special Event Retailer\u2019s license, or a Special use permit<br>license as defined in subsection (q) of Section 5-1 of the Liquor Control Act during the time designated for<br>the sale of alcohol by the Special use permit license.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>There are places that you would assume are obvious as \u201cno guns allowed\u201d venues, and are nevertheless included<br>in the Act\u2019s \u201cprohibited place\u201d list, including:</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022\t Federal Law \u2013 \u201cAny area where firearms are prohibited under federal law.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022\t Nuclear facilities \u2013 \u201cAny street, driveway, parking area, property, building, or facility, owned, leased,<br>controlled, or used by a nuclear energy, storage, weapons, or development site or facility regulated by the<br>federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The licensee shall not under any circumstance store a firearm or<br>ammunition in his or her vehicle or in a compartment or container within a vehicle located anywhere in or<br>on the street, driveway, parking area, property, building, or facility described in this paragraph.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022\t Airport \u2013 \u201cAny building, real property, or parking area under the control of an airport.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022\t Private Property If Posted by Owner \u2013 \u201cThe owner of private real property of any type may prohibit the<br>carrying of concealed firearms on the property under his or her control. The owner must post a sign in<br>accordance with subsection (d) of this Section indicating that firearms are prohibited on the property,<br>unless the property is a private residence.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Notably absent from the Act is a provision allowing employers from prohibiting the carrying of concealed<br>firearms at their business (though it has been already argued that if the employer is the owner of the property,<br>as noted above, then he or she can prohibit concealed carry).</p>\n<h1 id='56' style='font-size:18px'>Signs \u2013 No guns allowed</h1>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In case a citizen is not sure if he or she is allowed to carry a gun into a certain building or park, the Act provides<br>that signs are required to be posted explicitly prohibiting guns. The new Act provides that, \u201cSigns stating that<br>the carrying of firearms is prohibited shall be clearly and conspicuously posted at the entrance of a building,<br>premises, or real property specified in this Section as a prohibited area, unless the building or premises is a<br>private residence. Signs shall be of a uniform design as established by the Department and shall be 4 inches by<br>6 inches in size. The Department shall adopt rules for standardized signs to be used under this subsection.\u201d The<br>\u201cDepartment\u201d referred to is the Illinois State Police.</p>\n<h1 id='58' style='font-size:18px'>Home Rule Municipalities</h1>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Act prohibits \u201chome rule\u201d municipalities from enacting ordinances that attempt to regulate or restrict<br>licensees or handguns and ammunition for handguns in a manner inconsistent with the Act. The Act expressly<br>states that the Act \u201cis a denial and limitation of home rule powers and functions under subsection (h) of Section<br>6 of Article VII of the Illinois Constitution.\u201d Firearm Concealed Carry Act \u00a7 90.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136673, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='38' style='font-size:14px'>SB492</header>\n<p id='39' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 less than ten feet (10') that \u201ccarrying a handgun is prohibited\u201d.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2 (ii)(a) If the place does not have a roadway entrance,<br>3 there shall be a written notice placed anywhere upon the premises of the<br>4 place.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>5</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(b) In addition to the requirement of subdivision</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>6 (19)(A)(ii)(a) of this section, there shall be at least one (1) written<br>7 notice posted within every three (3) acres of a place with no roadway<br>8 entrance.</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>9 (iii) A written notice as described in subdivision<br>10 (19)(A)(i) of this section is not required for a private home.</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>11 (iv) Any licensee entering a private home shall notify the<br>12 occupant that the licensee is carrying a concealed handgun.</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>13 (B) Subdivision (19)(A) of this section does not apply if the<br>14 physical location is a public university, public college, or community<br>15 college, as defined in \u00a7 5-73-322, and the licensee is carrying a concealed<br>16 handgun as provided under \u00a7 5-73-322.</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>17 (C) Subdivision (19)(A) of this section does not apply if the<br>18 physical location is a parking lot of a private employer and the licensee is<br>19 carrying a concealed handgun as provided under \u00a7 5-73-324.</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>21</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>22</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SECTION 3. Arkansas Code Title 5, Chapter 73, Subchapter 3, is amended<br>to add a new section to read as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>23</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>24</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>25</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>5-73-324. Licensee rights \u2014 Employer parking lot.<br>(a)(1) A private employer shall not prohibit any employee who is a<br>licensee from possessing any legally owned handgun when:</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>26</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>27</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>28</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(A) The handgun:</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(i) Is lawfully possessed;<br>(ii) Is locked inside a private motor vehicle in the</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>29 private employer's parking lot; and</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>30</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(iii) Is locked inside a personal handgun storage</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>31 container that is designed for the safe storage of a handgun; and</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(B) The employee has in his or her possession the key to</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>32<br>33 the personal handgun storage container as required by subdivision<br>34 (a)(1)(A)(iii) of this section, if the personal handgun storage container<br>35 requires a key.</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>36</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(2) An employee is not required to store the handgun in the</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>02-20-2015 10:25:32 BPG033</p>\n<br><footer id='70' style='font-size:14px'>2</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136675, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='95' style='font-size:14px'>SB492</header>\n<p id='96' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 private employer is not liable in any civil action for damages, injuries, or<br>2 death resulting from or arising out of another person\u2019s actions involving a<br>3 handgun transported or stored under \u00a7 5-73-324(a), including without<br>4 limitation the theft of a handgun from an employee\u2019s motor vehicle, unless<br>5 the business entity, owner or legal possessor of property, or private<br>6 employer intentionally solicited or procured the other person\u2019s actions.</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>7 (b)(1) A person who is injured or incurs damages, or the survivors of<br>8 a person killed, as a result of a violation of \u00a7 5-73-324(a), may bring a<br>9 civil action against a business entity, owner or legal possessor of property,<br>10 or private employer who committed or caused the violation.</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>11 (2) A person who is denied the opportunity to transport or store<br>12 a handgun by a policy or rule prohibited by \u00a7 5-73-324(a) may bring a civil<br>13 action to enjoin a business entity, owner or legal possessor of property, or<br>14 private employer from violating \u00a7 5-73-324(a).</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>15 (3) In an action brought under this section, court costs and<br>16 attorney fees shall be awarded to the plaintiff if he or she prevails.</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>17 (c)(1) An employee discharged by a private employer for a violation of<br>18 a policy or rule prohibited by \u00a7 5-73-324(a) is entitled to full recovery as<br>19 follows:</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20 (A) Reinstatement to the same position held at the time of</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>21 his or her termination from employment or to an equivalent position;</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>22 (B) Reinstatement of the employee\u2019s full fringe benefits</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>23 and seniority rights, as appropriate;</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>24</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(C) Compensation, if appropriate, for lost wages,</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>25 benefits, or other lost remuneration caused by the termination; and</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>26 (D) Payment of reasonable attorney\u2019s fees and legal costs</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>27 incurred.</p>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>32</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>28 (2) If the demand for the recovery under subdivision (c)(1) of<br>29 this section is denied, the employee may bring a civil action against the<br>30 private employer and is entitled to the remedies as described under<br>31 subdivision (c)(1) of this section.</p>\n<p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>33</p>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>34</p>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>35</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>36</p>\n<footer id='116' style='font-size:14px'>4</footer>\n<br><footer id='117' style='font-size:14px'>02-20-2015 10:25:32 BPG033</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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A company has multiple buildings spread across an area, each having its own parking lot. Some lots accommodate ten vehicles while others accommodate five. How can an employer establish a policy to restrict handgun possession in their parking lots without violating the bill, and how does this interact with situations involving termination of employees under this policy?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 768, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 134896, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='123' style='font-size:18px'>10</header>\n<br><header id='124' style='font-size:18px'>Health Policy and Planning, 2015, Vol. 0, No. 0</header>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='125' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"4.9\nAverage (n=66)\n9.2\nComprehensive HC/Hospital 3 5\n3.5\n(n=4) 11.3\n5\nHealth Center (n=46)\n9.2\nPrimary health\n4.9\ncenter/dispensary/health post Readiness\n8 8\n8.8\n(n=16)\nNeed\n0 2 4 6 8 10 12\nIndex Score\" data-coord=\"top-left:(279,111); bottom-right:(995,518)\" /></figure>\n<p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 7. Priority score for facilities in the lowest (1st) quartile.</p>\n<p id='127' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>evident when, on follow-up, stakeholders requested individual<br>item information for each facility. There seems to be discomfort<br>and lack of understanding for how to use the summary scores<br>along with individual indicators for global prioritization, but<br>then proceeding to identify speci\ufb01c issues to address for improv-<br>ing service availability and quality.<br>\u2022 Stakeholders recognized problems with trying to plan using<br>many indicators, since different indicators do not consistently<br>show improvement or weakness across facilities. The authors ex-<br>perience when working with groups identifying indicators for<br>program monitoring have found that it is dif\ufb01cult to gain agree-<br>ment on a few key indicators when there are many service com-<br>ponents related to quality. So many indicators are frequently<br>monitored for M&E for a service. The utility of a compiled score<br>that pulls together all items of programmatic interest, as a picture<br>of where services are in the context of the ideal, needs to be bet-<br>ter communicatedStakeholder/planner question \u201care we better or<br>worse?\u201d can only be answered when the full range of program<br>priorities is considered as an aggregate measure.<br>\u2022 Stakeholders for this study were not familiar with the content of<br>the assessment report. On follow-up, information that was<br>included in state reports that presented individual facility infor-<br>mation was requested, and the researchers had to point out<br>where the information was in the reports.<br>\u2022 While stakeholders were appreciative of the scoring (and re-<br>ported it will be used for future prioritization of resources), there<br>may have been other non-service and need related issues that<br>in\ufb02uenced decisions about initial investments for service expan-<br>sion. It is not uncommon to feel a need for geographic<br>even-handedness, and sometimes there is external pressure to<br>focus resources to an area. The time before reports were com-<br>pleted was also a factor as the stakeholders felt they needed to<br>move forward before results were available.</p>\n<p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Limitations</p>\n<br><p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A critical review of the variables, scoring and weighting used in the<br>indices pointed to some limitations. Although no evidence was<br>found that these limitations erroneously skewed prioritization, the<br>results would be more self-evident with clearer criteria for variables</p>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>for which information is not uniformly available. Future prioritiza-<br>tion indices should consider the following issues:</p>\n<p id='131' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Scoring for HIV positivity for the need index should have been<br>limited to HCT services, rather both HCT and PMTCT. This<br>would present a more focused variable for population risk, since<br>HCT test results likely come from the general population or<br>those at higher risk. PMTCT clients could well represent a<br>lower-risk population (usually married, more motivated to seek<br>health care\u2014results in this survey showed higher prevalence for<br>HCT populations over PMTCT populations). Where HIV testing<br>was not conducted, positivity could be imputed using state-level<br>prevalence. This approach would have provided a more accurate<br>picture of need, even where HIV test results at facility level were<br>not available.4<br>\u2022 The variables on planning for PMTCT services were only as-<br>sessed at facilities reporting that they did not offer PMTCT ser-<br>vices that include both testing and preventive ARV. The original<br>objective was to prioritize facilities without current services that<br>were in the process of planning to add PMTCT; however, this re-<br>sulted in underscoring for facilities that offer these services but<br>are planning to expand them. The low scores for quality indica-<br>tors for PMTCT services support the notion that plans for im-<br>proving services should have been assessed for all facilities, so<br>that facilities offering weak quality PMTCT services would re-<br>ceive additional prioritization for investment.</p>\n<p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Broader implications</p>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Though MEASURE Evaluation developed this dual set of indices<br>specifically to prioritize facilities for PMTCT services, the concept<br>of using summary scores on readiness and need, to prioritize facili-<br>ties for a planned investment, is relevant to other HIV services as<br>well as other health facility systems and services. The comprehen-<br>siveness of the readiness/need indices suggests broader uses.</p>\n<br><p id='134' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A key strength of a summary score for indices composed of mul-<br>tiple elements is its ability to provide a rigorous and transparent<br>method for presenting a multifaceted picture of a facility, incorpo-<br>rating many diverse aspects of a system or service. The summary<br>scoring system pulls together the results across multiple indicators,<br>that are not consistently strong or weak across facilities, to provide</p>\n<br><footer id='135' style='font-size:22px'>Downloaded<br>from<br>http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/<br>at<br>University<br>of<br>North<br>Carolina<br>at<br>Chapel<br>Hill<br>on<br>September<br>15,<br>2015</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 134893, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='89' style='font-size:18px'>Health Policy and Planning, 2015, Vol. 00, No. 0</header>\n<br><header id='90' style='font-size:18px'>7</header>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Table 2. Indicator \ufb01ndings by priority score quartiles and scoring for each indicator (n \u00bc 268)</p>\n<br><table id='92' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"></td><td rowspan=\"2\">Indicator</td><td colspan=\"4\">Percentage of facilities with the indicated indicator by quartile (n \u00bc 268)</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Maximum score for indicator</td></tr><tr><td>1st Quartile (%)</td><td>2nd Quartile (%)</td><td>3rd Quartile (%)</td><td>4th Quartile (%)</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>HIV rapid test at HCT service point***</td><td>31.8</td><td>56.1</td><td>70.6</td><td>79.4</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>HIV rapid test at PMTCT service point***</td><td>9.1</td><td>25.8</td><td>45.6</td><td>58.8</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Delivery services in facility***</td><td>62.1</td><td>89.4</td><td>92.6</td><td>94.1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Links with community workers***</td><td>40.9</td><td>57.6</td><td>67.6</td><td>79.4</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Links with community HIV/AIDS-related services***</td><td>34.8</td><td>50.0</td><td>63.2</td><td>77.9</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>Links with HIV/AIDS-related services***</td><td>19.7</td><td>50.0</td><td>47.1</td><td>77.9</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>HIV related technical support from external sources***</td><td>21.2</td><td>56.1</td><td>76.5</td><td>75.0</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>External funds from non-government sources*</td><td>0</td><td>7.6</td><td>7.4</td><td>4.4</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>Drug management practices quality score***1</td><td>4.5</td><td>4.5</td><td>10.3</td><td>23.5</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>Drug storage practices all good*2</td><td>42.4</td><td>43.9</td><td>50.0</td><td>63.2</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Percent in the category reporting PMTCT HIV testing and preventive ARV so questions 13\u201319 were not asked</td><td>25.8</td><td>37.9</td><td>72.1</td><td>88.2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>Facility reports plans for expanding PMTCT services*</td><td>9.1</td><td>25.8</td><td>22.1</td><td>10.3</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>At least one staff trained for PMTCT services in past 2 years</td><td>4.5</td><td>18.2</td><td>14.7</td><td>8.8</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>Current staf\ufb01ng suf\ufb01cient for PMTCT**</td><td>7.6</td><td>6.1</td><td>1.5</td><td>2.9</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>A manager has been designated for PMTCT</td><td>0</td><td>10.6</td><td>8.8</td><td>7.4</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>Plans for additional staff (or current staf\ufb01ng suf\ufb01cient)**</td><td>27.3</td><td>50.0</td><td>47.1</td><td>66.2</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>New staf\ufb01ng approved (or current staf\ufb01ng suf\ufb01cient)</td><td>13.6</td><td>22.7</td><td>14.7</td><td>27.9</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>Site for visual and auditory privacy for PMTCT exists***</td><td>48.5</td><td>47.0</td><td>23.5</td><td>10.3</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>Suf\ufb01cient conditions for storage of ARVs***</td><td>33.3</td><td>33.3</td><td>13.2</td><td>8.8</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\">Mean weighted score within the quartile (2 (cid:3) percent of all quality items present)</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>HCT Service quality</td><td>0.45</td><td>0.98</td><td>1.32</td><td>1.42</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>PMTCT service quality</td><td>0.22</td><td>0.54</td><td>1.00</td><td>1.22</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Maximum possible score for readiness:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>PMTCT service need and feasibility for service expansion Prevalence for HIV testing with HCT services***</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>No information</td><td>62.1</td><td>25.8</td><td>2.9</td><td>4.4</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><0.041</td><td>30.3</td><td>56.1</td><td>45.6</td><td>16.2</td><td>1.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>0.041 to <.068</td><td>6.1</td><td>15.2</td><td>26.5</td><td>20.6</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>0.068 to <0.08</td><td>0</td><td>1.5</td><td>5.9</td><td>5.9</td><td>4.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Great than or equal to 0.08</td><td>1.5</td><td>1.5</td><td>19.1</td><td>52.9</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>Prevalence for HIV testing with PMTCT services***</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>No information</td><td>9.1</td><td>4.5</td><td>7.4</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><0.041</td><td>90.0</td><td>92.4</td><td>77.9</td><td>60.3</td><td>1.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>0.041 to <0.068</td><td>0</td><td>3.0</td><td>8.8</td><td>11.8</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>0.068 to <0.08</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4.4</td><td>4.4</td><td>4.5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>(cid:2)0.08</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1.5</td><td>23.5</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>Average monthly new ANC clients (based on 12 months data)***</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>1\u201349 clients</td><td>93.9</td><td>87.9</td><td>63.2</td><td>57.4</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>50\u201399 clients</td><td>4.5</td><td>7.6</td><td>19.1</td><td>14.7</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>>99 clients HIV test for PMTCT but refer outside for preventive ARV***</td><td>1.5 4.5</td><td>4.5 7.6</td><td>17.6 10.3</td><td>27.9 29.4</td><td>3 4</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\">24</td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>Estimated minutes of travel to the nearest location where client can receive ART services** This facility</td><td>1.5</td><td>3</td><td>7.4</td><td>7.4</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><15 min</td><td>31.8</td><td>25.8</td><td>19.1</td><td>10.3</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>15\u201330 min</td><td>47</td><td>37.9</td><td>29.4</td><td>35.3</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>31\u201360 min</td><td>10.6</td><td>18.2</td><td>23.5</td><td>25</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>>60 min (or do not know)</td><td>9.1</td><td>15.2</td><td>20.6</td><td>22.1</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\">to facility who are de\ufb01ned within the Nigeria MoH system as trained***</td></tr><tr><td>26</td><td>Total number of staff assigned the 0</td><td>1.5</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>1</td><td>13.6</td><td>4.5</td><td>0</td><td>1.5</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2</td><td>21.2</td><td>13.6</td><td>5.9</td><td>2.9</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>3</td><td>16.7</td><td>6.1 75.8</td><td>1.5 92.6</td><td>4.4</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>(cid:2)4</td><td>47</td><td></td><td></td><td>91.2</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Maximum possible score for need</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>28</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Notes: All values are percentages unless otherwise noted<br>1Sample drugs examined have no stock out past 6 months, drug management records are up-to-date, no expired drugs found, among all drugs no expired<br>observed, and medicines are stored \ufb01rst-in-\ufb01rst-out<br>2Storage practices compliance with the principles of drugs off \ufb02oor, away from sun and dampness, no evidence of rodents or pests, storage area well ventilated<br>and drugs are stored in either a dedicated room or cabinet</p>\n<br><footer id='94' style='font-size:20px'>Downloaded<br>from<br>http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/<br>at<br>University<br>of<br>North<br>Carolina<br>at<br>Chapel<br>Hill<br>on<br>September<br>15,<br>2015</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3338321, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='65' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>III.3.5</td><td colspan=\"12\">Table had the same value on the index of summarising as socio-economically advantaged students1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">Bottom quarter ESCS</td><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">Second quarter ESCS</td><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">Third quarter ESCS</td><td>Top quarter ESCS</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>reading Observed performance S.E.</td><td>Predicted reading students in this performance if quarter had the same ESCS quarter value on the index of summarising as students in the top</td><td>S.E.</td><td>reading performance S.E. Observed</td><td></td><td>Predicted reading students in this performance if quarter had the same ESCS quarter value on the index of summarising as students in the top</td><td>S.E.</td><td>reading performance S.E. Observed</td><td>quarter value</td><td colspan=\"2\">Predicted reading students in this performance if ESCS quarter S.E. had the same on the index of summarising as students in the top</td><td>reading Observed performance S.E.</td></tr><tr><td>Australia OECD 419</td><td>475 (2.5) Bulgaria 380 Colombia</td><td>495</td><td>(2.2)</td><td>507 (6.0)</td><td>(2.3)</td><td>521</td><td>(2.1)</td><td>535 (2.9)</td><td>541</td><td>(2.5) 360</td><td></td><td>564 (3.0) 477</td></tr><tr><td>Austria (4.0)</td><td>432 (4.0) (2.5)</td><td>454</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>463</td><td>(4.0)</td><td>476</td><td>(3.3)</td><td>486 (3.8)</td><td>496</td><td></td><td>(3.4)</td><td>527 (4.0)</td></tr><tr><td>Belgium</td><td>468 (3.0) (6.5)</td><td>495</td><td>(2.6)</td><td>499</td><td>(3.3)</td><td>517</td><td>(2.6)</td><td>533 (2.5)</td><td>544 (6.6)</td><td>(2.2)</td><td></td><td>570 (2.8)</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>496 (2.1) 408</td><td>505</td><td>(2.1)</td><td>516</td><td>(1.8)</td><td>523 (4.9)</td><td>(1.6)</td><td>535 (2.1)</td><td>538</td><td>(2.0)</td><td></td><td>562 (2.4)</td></tr><tr><td>Chile</td><td>413 (3.4) (4.2) 422</td><td>427</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>438</td><td>(3.7)</td><td>448</td><td>(3.5)</td><td>459 (3.5)</td><td>465</td><td>(3.1)</td><td>503</td><td>(3.4) 437 (3.3) 467 (4.8) Croatia Hong (3.5) 532 546 (2.7) 557 (3.5) 392 (3.8) 397 (4.0) 433 (6.0) (5.2) (5.2) (6.2) (3.6)</td></tr><tr><td>Czech Republic</td><td>447 (3.2) 509</td><td>466</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>473 501</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>484</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>494 (3.3) Brazil 382</td><td>502</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>526</td><td>(4.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>457 (2.7)</td><td>473</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>489</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>499</td><td>(3.1)</td><td>512 (2.8)</td><td>516 389</td><td>(2.5)</td><td>538</td><td>(2.4)</td></tr><tr><td>Estonia</td><td>478 (3.6)</td><td>488</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>491</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>500</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>507 (3.2)</td><td>512</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>535</td><td>(3.9)</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>507 (3.2) (3.8) 385 (3.2) 394 (4.4)</td><td>523</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>528</td><td>(2.6)</td><td>539</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>550 (2.8)</td><td>556</td><td>(2.5) (3.2) (3.0)</td><td>567</td><td>(2.7)</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>454 (4.7) (3.5) 446</td><td>475</td><td>(3.9)</td><td>490</td><td>(4.3)</td><td>502</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>518 (4.1)</td><td>521 Kong-China Indonesia 389 395 (3.4) 409 Jordan (3.6) 386</td><td>(3.7) (2.7) 425 489 (4.0) 516 (3.7)</td><td>556</td><td>(4.8)</td></tr><tr><td>Germany</td><td>457 (3.9)</td><td>479</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>505</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>515</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>520 (3.6)</td><td>528 381</td><td>(3.2)</td><td>553</td><td>(3.2)</td></tr><tr><td>Greece</td><td>439 (7.2)</td><td>451</td><td>(6.6)</td><td>479</td><td>(5.0)</td><td>485</td><td>(4.7) (3.0)</td><td>495 (3.7)</td><td>500</td><td>(3.5)</td><td>529</td><td>(3.4)</td></tr><tr><td>Hungary</td><td>438 (5.4)</td><td>461</td><td>(4.0)</td><td>487 379 520</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>499</td><td>(2.9) 400 (3.6) (4.1) (4.4) (3.5)</td><td>507 (4.1)</td><td>517</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>554</td><td>(4.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>474 (3.1)</td><td>485</td><td>(2.9) 305 (4.2) 472 (3.3)</td><td>496 480</td><td>(3.5)</td><td>502</td><td>(3.2) (2.8) (4.5) 418</td><td>515 (3.1)</td><td>518</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>532</td><td>(3.0)</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>462 (3.3)</td><td>473</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>491</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>498</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>516 (3.7)</td><td>518</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>541 (7.0) 455 (7.7) 382</td><td>(3.5)</td></tr><tr><td>Israel</td><td>432 (4.7)</td><td>451</td><td>(4.1)</td><td>471</td><td>(3.9)</td><td>481</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>506 (3.5)</td><td>509</td><td>(3.3)</td><td>444</td><td>532 (4.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Italy</td><td>445 (2.9)</td><td>462</td><td>(2.2) 350 (4.1)</td><td>481 361 (4.9)</td><td>(2.0) (3.4)</td><td>490</td><td>(1.7)</td><td>503 (1.9)</td><td>508</td><td>(1.7) (4.1)</td><td>405</td><td>528 (2.2)</td></tr><tr><td>Japan 282 (4.1) (3.1)</td><td>485 (4.7)</td><td>503</td><td>(3.5) 404 (4.5) 295 (4.7) 471</td><td>511 Kazakhstan 433 Kyrgyzstan 339 Latvia</td><td>(4.7)</td><td>524</td><td>(3.3)</td><td>538 (3.8)</td><td>542</td><td>(3.2) (3.5)</td><td></td><td>558 (3.6)</td></tr><tr><td>Korea 459</td><td>505 (5.0)</td><td>523</td><td>(3.5) 333 495</td><td>536 315</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>545</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>548 (3.8)</td><td>554</td><td>(3.0) 429 (3.9) 457 (3.2) 470 (3.8) 480 (3.3) 486 (3.9) 491 (3.4) 516 (3.8) Dubai (2.4)</td><td>573</td><td>(4.5)</td></tr><tr><td>Luxembourg</td><td>419 (2.9)</td><td>440</td><td>(2.7) 542 440</td><td>468</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>480</td><td>(2.6)</td><td>501 (2.7)</td><td>507</td><td>(2.6) (2.7) 458 (2.8) 464 (2.6) 486 (2.8) 511 (2.8) 527 (2.8)</td><td>530</td><td>(2.8)</td></tr><tr><td>Mexico</td><td>391 (2.7)</td><td>404</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>418</td><td>(2.3)</td><td>427</td><td>(1.9)</td><td>439 (2.1)</td><td>444</td><td>(1.8)</td><td>471</td><td>(2.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Netherlands</td><td>479 (5.9)</td><td>497</td><td>(3.9)</td><td>497</td><td>(5.7)</td><td>510</td><td>(4.8)</td><td>522 (4.8)</td><td>531</td><td>(3.8)</td><td>556</td><td>(5.5)</td></tr><tr><td>New Zealand</td><td>478 (3.9)</td><td>499</td><td>(3.8)</td><td>512</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>526</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>535 (3.2)</td><td>545</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>581</td><td>(3.5)</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>470 (3.4)</td><td>485</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>499</td><td>(2.9) (2.8) 542 (3.6) 406</td><td>506</td><td>(2.6)</td><td>519 (3.0)</td><td>523</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>538</td><td>(3.9)</td></tr><tr><td>Poland</td><td>465 (3.3)</td><td>482 351</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>490</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>499</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>510 (2.9)</td><td>517</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>552</td><td>(3.7)</td></tr><tr><td>Portugal</td><td>452 (4.0)</td><td>473</td><td>(3.3) (4.4)</td><td>474</td><td>(3.2)</td><td>490</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>500 (3.4)</td><td>510</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>538</td><td>(3.7)</td></tr><tr><td>Slovak Republic</td><td>440 (4.9)</td><td>455</td><td>(3.9)</td><td>472</td><td>(3.2)</td><td>479</td><td>(2.8)</td><td>489 (3.2)</td><td>494</td><td>(2.9)</td><td>524</td><td>(3.7)</td></tr><tr><td>Slovenia</td><td>449 (2.6)</td><td>466</td><td>(2.5)</td><td>472</td><td>(2.5)</td><td>487 400 (3.0)</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>496 (2.6)</td><td>505</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>535</td><td>(2.8)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>446 (3.3) (0.6) 497 400 (6.3) 427 (6.8) 441 (5.7) 463 (6.9) (5.5) (4.6) 399 (4.2)</td><td>458</td><td>(3.0)</td><td>471</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>479</td><td>(2.0)</td><td>493 (2.1)</td><td>498 408 (3.7)</td><td>(1.9)</td><td>526 (UAE)</td><td>(3.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden (0.6)</td><td>458 (3.8) 509 (0.6) 505</td><td>474</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>491 (0.6) Albania</td><td>(3.1) 486</td><td>500 515</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>519 (3.2)</td><td>523 (3.5) 406 (3.4)</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>544</td><td>(4.3)</td></tr><tr><td>Switzerland</td><td>459 (3.8)</td><td>481</td><td>(3.0) (6.7) (3.9)</td><td>494 383 (5.1) Partners Argentina</td><td>(2.6) (4.2) 406</td><td>506</td><td>(2.2) 392</td><td>508 (3.0) 401 (4.5)</td><td>518</td><td>(2.5)</td><td>552 (4.5)</td><td>(3.7) 367 378</td></tr><tr><td>Turkey (4.8)</td><td>426 (3.8)</td><td>436</td><td>(3.5)</td><td>456</td><td>(3.6) 430</td><td>462 405</td><td>(3.3) 363</td><td>471 (3.8) 423 (5.9)</td><td>476</td><td>(3.4)</td><td>515</td><td>(4.5)</td></tr><tr><td>United Kingdom (5.3)</td><td>455 (3.0)</td><td>472 (3.6) (4.9) 416</td><td>(2.9) (3.0)</td><td>486 485 Azerbaijan 375</td><td>(3.0) (3.4) 353 (3.6) (3.7) 376 419</td><td>498 496 (6.8) 365 (3.6) 396 (2.6)</td><td>(2.8) (3.3) (0.5) 408</td><td>511 (2.7) 512 (3.6)</td><td>517 520 425</td><td>(2.7) (3.4) (0.5)</td><td>545 561 (3.8)</td><td>(3.2) (4.6)</td></tr><td>United States OECD average</td><td>455 (3.4) 456 (0.7) 359</td><td>470 473 (2.8) (3.7) 466 (4.3)</td></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 134894, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='95' style='font-size:16px'>8</header>\n<br><header id='96' style='font-size:16px'>Health Policy and Planning, 2015, Vol. 0, No. 0</header>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='97' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"100\n8.6 7.7\n90 16.9\n25.8\nquar(cid:3)le 70 center, hospital, other\n80 Comprehensive\nhealth\nthe 60\n68.6 67.7\n54.9\nwithin 50 50 Health center\nfacili(cid:3)es 40\n30\nof\n% 20\nHealth\n28.2\n10 22.9 24.6 24.2 post, dispensary, or\nPHC\n0\nQuar(cid:2)le 1 Quar(cid:2)le 2 Quar(cid:2)le 3 Quar(cid:2)le 4\" data-coord=\"top-left:(285,105); bottom-right:(998,541)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='98' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 2. Type of facility by priority score quartile. Note Quartile 4 CHC/Hospital/other should be 25: numbers not exactly 100% due to rounding (it\u2019s 51.5 and 23.5)<br>for the other categories.</caption>\n<p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>onsite</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>any</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>with</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>facili(cid:3)es</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>of</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>%</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='105' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"100\n99 97\n90\n80\n79\n70\ntes(cid:3)ng 60\n50\n49\nHIV 40\n30\n20\n10\n0\nQuar e 1 Quar e 2 Quar e 3 Quar e 4\" data-coord=\"top-left:(314,694); bottom-right:(995,1029)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 3. HIV testing availability by priority score quartile.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='107' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"100\n8\n90 5 PMTCT with HIV\n29\nquar(cid:3)le 80\ntes(cid:2)ng and ARV\n70 56 59\n8\nthe\n60\nwithin 50 PMTCT, HIV\n88 tes(cid:2)ng, referral for\n40 10 ARV\nfacili(cid:3)es 30\n64\n29\nof 20\n34\n% No PMTCT\n10\n12\n0\nQuar(cid:2)le 1 Quar(cid:2)le 2 Quar(cid:2)le 3 Quar(cid:2)le 4\" data-coord=\"top-left:(281,1145); bottom-right:(991,1501)\" /></figure>\n<p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 4. PMTCT service availability by priority score quartile.</p>\n<br><footer id='109' style='font-size:22px'>Downloaded<br>from<br>http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/<br>at<br>University<br>of<br>North<br>Carolina<br>at<br>Chapel<br>Hill<br>on<br>September<br>15,<br>2015</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3338406, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='59' style='font-size:14px'>Results foR Regions within countRies: Annex B2</header>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>[Part 2/2]</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>index of memorisation strategies and reading performance, by national quarters<br>of this index<br>Results based on students\u2019 self-reports</p>\n<br><figure><img id='62' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1040,47); bottom-right:(1125,156)\" /></figure>\n<br><table id='63' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"14\">Table S.III.r</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"8\">Performance on the reading scale, by quarters of this index</td><td colspan=\"2\"></td><td rowspan=\"2\" colspan=\"2\">Increased likelihood of students in the bottom quarter of this index scoring in the bottom quarter of the reading performance distribution</td><td rowspan=\"2\" colspan=\"2\">Explained variance in student performance (r-squared x 100)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">Bottom quarter</td><td colspan=\"2\">Second quarter</td><td colspan=\"2\">Third quarter</td><td colspan=\"2\">Top quarter</td><td colspan=\"2\">Change in the reading score per unit of this index</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Mean index</td><td>S.E.</td><td>Mean index</td><td>S.E.</td><td>Mean index</td><td>S.E.</td><td>Mean index</td><td>S.E.</td><td>Effect 1.9</td><td>S.E.</td><td>Ratio</td><td>S.E.</td><td>%</td><td>S.E.</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"15\">Adjudicated</td></tr><tr><td>Belgium (Flemish Community)</td><td>521 520</td><td>(3.4) (10.3) (10.6)</td><td>525</td><td>(3.3)</td><td>521</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>530</td><td>(4.9)</td><td>4.6</td><td>(1.92)</td><td>1.0</td><td>(0.07)</td><td>0.3</td><td>(0.23) 8.5 (3.05) 1.0 0.7 (0.56) Italy (4.7) 518 0.7 (0.64) Italy (5.7) 521 (0.68) united 498 (1.69) (0.15)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Andalusia)</td><td>444</td><td>(6.6)</td><td>464</td><td>(7.0)</td><td>465 (0.12) 0.2</td><td>(7.1)</td><td>474</td><td>(6.6)</td><td>12.0</td><td>(2.81)</td><td>1.4</td><td>(0.18)</td><td>2.1</td><td>(1.00)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Aragon)</td><td>484</td><td>(5.3)</td><td>498</td><td>(6.4)</td><td>498</td><td>(5.6)</td><td>503</td><td>(5.6)</td><td>10.0</td><td>(2.22)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(0.16) (0.13)</td><td>1.4</td><td>(0.64)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Asturias)</td><td>470</td><td>(6.7)</td><td>484 (7.1)</td><td>(5.7) (6.2)</td><td>503</td><td>(6.5)</td><td>509</td><td>(7.0)</td><td>14.3</td><td>(2.91)</td><td>1.4</td><td>(0.16)</td><td>2.9</td><td>(1.14)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Balearic Islands)</td><td>445</td><td>(7.5) 518 (7.7)</td><td>455</td><td>(7.6)</td><td>466</td><td>(7.3)</td><td>474</td><td>(5.8)</td><td>13.6</td><td>(2.57)</td><td>1.2</td><td>(0.14)</td><td>2.6</td><td>(1.01)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Basque Country)</td><td>488 (6.5) (0.10)</td><td>(4.6) 530 470 2.0</td><td>491 0.5</td><td>(3.3)</td><td>496</td><td>(3.2)</td><td>505</td><td>(3.7)</td><td>7.9</td><td>(1.63)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(0.09)</td><td>0.9</td><td>(0.35)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Canary Islands)</td><td>446</td><td>(5.9) 510</td><td>448</td><td>(6.9) (5.9)</td><td>450</td><td>(5.4)</td><td>455</td><td>(6.4) (1.01) Italy (4.9) (7.2) 493 (0.39) Italy (7.0) (6.4) 480 (6.4) 11.8 (2.30) (0.75) Italy 6.1 (3.40) 0.9 (0.17) (0.40) 5.6 (2.61)</td><td>4.5 (6.2) 12.6</td><td>(2.41) (1.73)</td><td>1.0</td><td>(0.11)</td><td>0.3</td><td>(0.31)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Cantabria)</td><td>474</td><td>(7.0)</td><td>481</td><td>(6.3)</td><td>497</td><td>(5.9) (Provincia Puglia) 485</td><td>501</td><td>(6.0)</td><td>11.6</td><td>(2.63)</td><td>1.2</td><td>(0.15)</td><td>1.9</td><td>(0.81)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Castile and leon)</td><td>489</td><td>(5.7)</td><td>502</td><td>(6.2) Italy (Provincia lombardia)</td><td>510 united (0.25)</td><td>(7.2)</td><td>514</td><td>(6.4)</td><td>11.9</td><td>(2.65)</td><td>1.2 1.1 (0.19)</td><td>(0.15)</td><td>2.0 Italy (Provincia Friuli venezia giulia)</td><td>(0.95)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Catalonia) (0.79)</td><td>478</td><td>(7.1)</td><td>504 (6.1)</td><td>(5.6) Italy (Provincia marche) 488 496 12.5 (2.84) (0.78) (2.01)</td><td>499</td><td>(6.1) (9.2)</td><td>514 517</td><td>(8.6)</td><td>13.8</td><td>(2.64)</td><td>1.5 (7.5) 496 1.2 (0.15)</td><td>(0.23) 507 (6.6) (6.4) 7.6 456</td><td>3.0 Italy (Provincia lazio) 480</td><td>(1.16)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (Ceuta and melilla) (0.59)</td><td>428 (0.55)</td><td>(5.1) 494</td><td>410</td><td>(5.8) Italy (Provincia molise) 466 466 (5.8) (3.30) 1.2</td><td>412 Italy</td><td>(6.4)</td><td>415</td><td>(5.5) (Provincia 486 (6.3) 9.4</td><td>-4.2</td><td>(2.44)</td><td>0.8 (0.16)</td><td>(0.13) 466 472 (6.1) 0.6 (7.8) 504 (7.9) 505 (11.0) (0.19) 1.0</td><td>0.2 Italy (Provincia liguria)</td><td>(0.25) Piemonte)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (galicia)</td><td>469</td><td>(5.9)</td><td>488 496</td><td>(5.8)</td><td>495</td><td>(7.6)</td><td>493 (8.5)</td><td>(7.3)</td><td>8.6</td><td>(2.53)</td><td>1.3</td><td>(0.15) (9.2) 453 (10.3) 0.4 (Provincia toscana) 485 (7.4) 494 (7.0) 496 (7.7) 502 (5.5) 8.6 (2.85) 1.2 (0.15) 0.8 (0.51) (Provincia trento) 510 (4.4) 509 (6.0) 512 1.0 (0.13)</td><td>1.3 485 (15.1) (8.3) 491 (8.8) 494 (10.4) 5.3 (4.26) (0.21) 0.3 (0.50)</td><td>(0.75)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (la Rioja)</td><td>490</td><td>(5.2)</td><td>490</td><td>(5.8)</td><td>504</td><td>(5.6) Italy</td><td>511</td><td>(5.4)</td><td>10.3</td><td>(3.11)</td><td>1.1 502</td><td>(0.15)</td><td>1.2</td><td>(0.72) 527 6.4 (5.21)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (madrid)</td><td>492</td><td>(9.2)</td><td>503</td><td>(6.6)</td><td>505</td><td>(6.0) Italy (5.2) (5.9) (Provincia umbria)</td><td>516 (6.3)</td><td>(6.3)</td><td>11.0</td><td>(3.11)</td><td>1.2</td><td>(0.14)</td><td>1.8</td><td>(0.98) (8.4)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (murcia)</td><td>477</td><td>(6.7)</td><td>477</td><td>(7.2)</td><td>484 483</td><td>(5.9) (7.2)</td><td>489</td><td>(6.9)</td><td>4.5</td><td>(2.40)</td><td>0.9</td><td>(0.12)</td><td>0.4</td><td>(0.37)</td></tr><tr><td>Spain (navarre)</td><td>500 (Provincia valle 505 (6.2)</td><td>(5.2) (5.0) (0.18)</td><td>493</td><td>(5.1)</td><td>499</td><td>(5.0) (6.3)</td><td>497 451</td><td>(5.2)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(2.17)</td><td>0.8</td><td>(0.10)</td><td>0.0</td><td>(0.08)</td></tr><tr><td>united Kingdom (Scotland)</td><td>497</td><td>(4.6)</td><td>498 (10.4) 463</td><td>(5.0)</td><td>505</td><td>(5.2) 479 (7.0) 6.5</td><td>507</td><td>(5.4)</td><td>7.5</td><td>(1.98)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(0.10)</td><td>0.6</td><td>(0.32)</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"15\">Non-adjudicated</td></tr><tr><td>Belgium (French Community)</td><td>505</td><td>(5.0)</td><td>502</td><td>(5.4)</td><td>504</td><td>(5.4)</td><td>482</td><td>(6.7)</td><td>-5.6 Italy</td><td>(2.38) 492</td><td>0.8</td><td>(0.08)</td><td>0.3 1.2</td><td>(0.24)</td></tr><tr><td>Belgium (german-Speaking Community)</td><td>505</td><td>(6.5) 1.2</td><td>498</td><td>(6.0) 458</td><td>505</td><td>(5.9)</td><td>496 2.3 (0.88)</td><td>(6.7)</td><td>-0.8</td><td>(3.01) d'Aosta) 524</td><td>0.9 (Provincia Sicilia)</td><td>(0.14)</td><td>0.0</td><td>(0.12)</td></tr><tr><td>Finland (Finnish Speaking)</td><td>526</td><td>(3.2)</td><td>530</td><td>(3.2)</td><td>543</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>552</td><td>(3.6)</td><td>12.9</td><td>(1.66)</td><td>1.2</td><td>(0.08)</td><td>2.0</td><td>(0.52)</td></tr><tr><td>Finland (Swedish Speaking)</td><td>506</td><td>(4.8)</td><td>501</td><td>(7.4)</td><td>512 483</td><td>(5.8) Ireland) 503 (9.0) Kingdom (Wales) 472 (4.8) 473 (4.5) 480 (4.6) (4.7) 6.0 1.1</td><td>529 (5.3)</td><td>(5.7)</td><td>11.8</td><td>(2.42)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(0.15)</td><td>1.7</td><td>(0.70)</td></tr><tr><td>Italy (Provincia Abruzzo)</td><td>472</td><td>(5.8) 1.1</td><td>479</td><td>(7.1)</td><td>485 (Provincia veneto) 495</td><td>(6.9)</td><td>495 (Provincia Sardegna)</td><td>(7.3)</td><td>8.2</td><td>(2.64)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(0.14)</td><td>0.9</td><td>(0.59)</td></tr><tr><td>Italy (Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano) 511 6.7 (3.10) 1.2 (6.7) 504 (7.3) (6.7) 12.3 (2.33) 1.1</td><td>489</td><td>(5.1) 494 (6.7)</td><td>489</td><td>(8.9)</td><td>493 505 1.8 Kingdom (england) 501 (3.9)</td><td>(4.8)</td><td>490 512</td><td>(4.9) (0.12)</td><td>2.5 (6.9) (0.14) 0.7 494</td><td>(2.26) 518 (0.54)</td><td>0.9</td><td>(0.12)</td><td>0.1 (2.84)</td><td>(0.13) 0.9</td></tr><tr><td>Italy (Provincia Basilicata) (4.3) (4.0) 4.2 1.0</td><td>468 (4.6)</td><td>(5.9) 0.4 492 (0.08) united</td><td>471</td><td>(4.6)</td><td>479</td><td>(8.1) (6.8)</td><td>477</td><td>(6.2)</td><td>7.6 0.5</td><td>(2.49) (0.16) Kingdom (northern (4.5) (0.07)</td><td>1.0 487 (2.38) 1.0 (0.11) 476 1.3 499 (4.1) 499 (5.5) 501 (2.58) 0.9 0.0</td><td>(0.17) (0.36) 499 (8.3)</td><td>0.7</td><td>(0.48)</td></tr><tr><td>Italy (Provincia Calabria)</td><td>442</td><td>(7.7) 0.5</td><td>449</td><td>(7.9)</td><td>451</td><td>(8.1)</td><td>453</td><td>(6.3)</td><td>8.1</td><td>(2.85) 488 (6.9) 493 2.0</td><td>1.1 1.0 (6.4) 1.0 492 (4.29) 5.8 (0.10) (0.09) 0.4</td><td>(0.12) (0.14) (7.0)</td><td>0.7 0.4</td><td>(0.51) (0.40)</td></tr><td>Italy (Provincia Campania) Italy (Provincia emilia Romagna)</td><td>448 487</td><td>(8.9) (6.2)</td><td>447 492</td><td>(8.2) (5.5)</td><td>457 515</td><td>(8.9) (5.4)</td><td>456 522</td><td>(7.2) (7.2)</td><td>6.1 14.2</td><td>(3.13) (2.95)</td></table>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>notes: values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3). See table III.1.20 for national data.<br>1\u20092\u2009http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932343304</p>\n<footer id='65' style='font-size:20px'>PISA 2009 ReSultS: leARnIng to leARn \u2013 volume III \u00a9 OECD 2010 257</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 134895, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='110' style='font-size:16px'>Health Policy and Planning, 2015, Vol. 00, No. 0</header>\n<br><header id='111' style='font-size:16px'>9</header>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='112' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"20\n18\n16 17.3\nNeeds\n14 Index\nAverage:\n13.7\nscore 12 12.8\n11.1\n10\nIndex 8 9.2 Index\n10.8 Readiness\n9.4 Average:\n8.3 7.8\n6\n4 4.9\n2\n0\nQuar(cid:2)le 1 Quar(cid:2)le 2 Quar(cid:2)le 3 Quar(cid:2)le 4\nNeed Index Score Readiness Index Score\" data-coord=\"top-left:(306,113); bottom-right:(976,559)\" /></figure>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 5. Prioritization scores for readiness and need by summary score quartile. Note Maximum possible score for Need Index \u00bc 28 and Readiness Index \u00bc 22.</p>\n<caption id='114' style='font-size:14px'>Table 3 Percent of total score contributed by need indicators</caption>\n<br><table id='115' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Type of facility</td><td>1st Quartile</td><td>4th Quartile</td><td>Total (all facilities)</td></tr><tr><td>Primary health centre/dispensary/health post</td><td>64% (n \u00bc 2)</td><td>65% (n \u00bc 17)</td><td>62% (n \u00bc 67)</td></tr><tr><td>Health centre</td><td>65% (n \u00bc 46)</td><td>62% (n \u00bc 35)</td><td>61% (n \u00bc 162)</td></tr><tr><td>Comprehensive HC/hospital</td><td>76% (n \u00bc 16)</td><td>59% (n \u00bc 17)</td><td>59% (n \u00bc 39)</td></tr><tr><td>All facilities</td><td>65% (n \u00bc 66)</td><td>62% (n \u00bc 68)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Quartile</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>65% (n \u00bc 66)</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td>57% (n \u00bc 66)</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td>59% (n \u00bc 68)</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td>62% (n \u00bc 68)</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td></td><td></td><td>61% (n \u00bc 268)</td></tr></table>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='116' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"10.8\nAverage (n=68)\n17.3\nComprehensive HC/Hospital 11.5\n(n=17) 16.5\n10.8\nHealth Center (n=35)\n17.3\nPrimary health\n9.8\ncenter/dispensary/health post Readiness\n18.4\n(n=16)\nNeed Need\n0 5 10 15 20\nIndex Score\" data-coord=\"top-left:(339,950); bottom-right:(932,1316)\" /></figure>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 6. Priority score for facilities in the highest (4th) quartile.</p>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Utilization of the indices</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Although the overall utilization of the prioritization index for plan-<br>ning and managing PMTCT interventions scale-up was weak, the in-<br>dividual facility profiles that graphically present the strengths and<br>weaknesses for each facility have been used to develop strategies to<br>improve upon the weak areas for individual facilities by the</p>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>implementing partners. Based on our research experience, several<br>issues were identified that may contribute to weak utilization of<br>summary scores for planning purposes.</p>\n<p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Practical experience at all levels lies with addressing speci\ufb01c<br>items for program improvement and planning, and this was</p>\n<br><footer id='122' style='font-size:22px'>Downloaded<br>from<br>http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/<br>at<br>University<br>of<br>North<br>Carolina<br>at<br>Chapel<br>Hill<br>on<br>September<br>15,<br>2015</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given that the 2nd quartile readiness index is 9.2 out of a maximum of 22, calculate the percentage of readiness this represents. Then compare this with the improvement of 5.9 in readiness score when moving from the 1st to the 4th quartile. What does this imply about the distribution of readiness improvements across quartiles?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 770, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 565101, "type": "text", "content": "# DONORS continued\n\n\n \n\nINDIVIDUALS\n\n\n \n\nThomas Johnson \nJennifer Johnson \nPatricia Judson \nLinda Justis \nDr. Lewis & Adrienne\n\n\n \n\n# Kadushin\n\n\n \n\nEleanor Kaul \nJoAnne Kelly \nJill Kenney \nDr. Kent Kimmel \nDennis Klingenberg \nBernadette Knoblauch \nDonnie La Rue \nCarolyn Laffey \nHarrison & Sylvia\n\n\n \n\nLangeler \nKathy Lapinksi \nSheldon Larmore \nEllen Lawler \nPatty Lederman \nPatrick Lemley \nChris Leo \nChristina Leventini \nKara Lewis \nSheldon Lewis \nRonda Lewis \nHelen Odette\n\n\n \n\nLineweaver \nMary Jane Linn \nBetty Lou Lyons \nLynn Magruder \nWallace Mann \nKimberly Mann \nPatricia Mannion \nSherree Marshall \nAshley Mason \nKelsie Mattox \nPhilip Maynard \nPat McAlpin \nGary McCabe \nNancy McCaig \nSarah McDonald \nMichele McGoogan \nRyan Mello \nBill Middleton\n\n\n \n\nBonnie Molock \nDonald Moyer \nEleanor Mulligan \nGeorge Murray, Jr. \nKim Nechay \nClaudia Nelson \nJim Noonan \nMarvin & Myra Novick \nMaryann Nowak \nRuth Anne Oartel \nMary Palenchar \nWilliam \"Ace\" Parker \nHenrietta Parker \nMitzi Perdue \nPam Petix \nSandra Phillips \nKit Pilgrim \nKaren Poisker \nWilliam Powell, III \nAndrea Price \nLinda Purcell \nGrace Puthenpurackal \nJudy Quillin \nHazel Raber \nNorm Raffish \nAlbert Rayne \nCrawford & Leah \nRayne \nDonald Records \nBarbara Reginato \nPatricia Richards \nJudith Richardson \nMarian Ridge \nBrandi Riggin \nLouis Rimbach \nMary Rodriguez \nLarry & Cindy Robinson \nJane Roper \nBruce Robson \nCarol Rose \nGinny Rosenkranz \nNancy Rubenson \nToby Rubin \nJanet Sample \nAnthony Santoni, Jr. \nAnthony Sarbanes\n\n\n \n\nJeanmarie Sauer \nDaniel Savoy \nDr. Robert Scherr \nJudith Schneider \nLake Scott \nDr. Rachel Shahan \nSue Sherwood \nMae Sherrill \nCarole Shiles \nFrank Shipper \nWanda Shockley \nIrving Shockley \nRaymond Shockley \nHarold Shockley \nSandra Sigmund \nCynthia Simpson \nCatherine Sinclair \nKimberly Skelly \nLinda Sliger \nDonna Smith \nRoger & Sally Smith \nAnne Smith \nHelen Smith \nLouise Smith \nConnie Smith \nDiane Smith \nBarbara Snyder \nEthel Stanford \nRandolph Stanley \nMike Stein \nBarbara Stephens \nEdward Stephens \nElizabeth Stephens \nKraig Stetzer \nSandra Stevens \nDarlene Street \nDale Stottlemyer \nJohn Tamasi \nCindy Tardiff \nJanet Taylor \nMaryann Thairu \nMarilyn Thomas \nJames Thomas, Jr. \nRay Thompson \nMary Thorpe \nBarrie Tilghman\n\n\n \n\nFaye Timmons \nPattie Tingle \nBeverly Trader \nHoward Travers \nKaren Travers \nDr. & Mrs. Ronald\n\n\n \n\nTravitz \nDawn Truitt \nJeffrey Turner \nAlicia Turpin \nAllen Tustin \nClarence Twilley \nJovan Twilley \nBrandon Tyre \nCynthia Tyvoll \nMaria VanDiver \nCarol Verrill \nGary Vickers \nJoAnn Waggoner \nValerie Wagner \nPatricia Ward \nBrenda Warwick \nEmily Waters \nVirginia Weise \nDean Wells \nJoyce Welsh \nPhyliss White \nJoan White \nSusan White \nLloyd Whitehead \nJane Whitmore \nLouise Whittington \nMary Wiggins \nFaith Willing \nTish Withers \nTheresa Woodward \nElizabeth Wootten \nLisa Wright \nMary Wright \nWilliam Wyatt \nCelestine Yancey \nColleen Zabor \nGinny Zirkel\n\n\nC ontinued on Page 5\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2907792, "type": "text", "content": "John and Gail Edie \nLinda Egli Johnson &\n\n\n \n\nCarl R. Johnson, Jr.\n\n\n \n\nJoseph Boziuk \nEllen Bradley \nWilliam and Sally Brierre, Jr. \nAlfred and Lorraine Brown \nRichard Brown & Mary Buck \nBruce and Nan Browne \nRob and Marlene Bryan \nHettie Buck \nSusie and Greg Burbidge \nRain Burns \nKaty Burns \nStephen Burtchell & Kate Kelly \nDavid Butler \nMr. and Mrs. John Butler \nLloyd and Lynne Byrne \nMs. Karen Campbell \nJon and Alice Cannon \nMartha Caron \nSally G. Carver & Jerry D. Hopkins \nMr. Peter I. Cassell \nDeborah F. Chambers \nRonald Chaput \nMs. Lois Chase \nGretchen Christophel \nChristopher P. Williams, Architects \nCID Construction, Inc. \nMr. Ronald P. Cima \nMr. and Mrs. Armand Circharo, Jr. \nAndrew and Regina Cockerill \nJacquie and Ken Colburn \nDr. and Mrs. James F. Conway Jr. \nHelen R. Cook \nJanet Cooke \nDr. John Cooley, Sr. \nMr. and Mrs. Julian L. Coolidge \nThe Coopers \nGeorge C. Corson, Jr. \nMr. and Mrs. John M. Cory \nChristine Costello \nMr. and Mrs. Hugh Crawford \nM. Lorraine Crocker \nMr. and Mrs. Kent Cromwell \nTom Crouse and Kay Enokido \nJudy Currier \nMiss Alice Custard \nJohn Cuthbertson \nJoyce and John DaForno \nDonald and Brenda Dargie \nPeter Davis \nLaura Davis & James Granger \nRichard J. de Seve & \nSusan S. Hale-de Seve\n\n\n \n\nAlan deLemos \nWanda Desaulniers \nRobert and Jennifer Despres \nHarvey and Sharon Dewees \nDale Dewey \nMr. and Mrs. Neal Dini \nAlan and Susan DiStasio \nDog Cove Corporation \nSteve and Gail Domin \nJorge and Mary Dominguez \nWilliam and Gladys Dowd \nKen Dowden \nRobert Dowling \nSarah Downs and Jim Bowie \nKaren and Amy Duggan \nVoorhees and Gloria Dunn \nPaula Dunn \nDana Duxbury-Fox & Robert Fox \nE.M. Heath, Inc.\n\n\n \n\nBeatrice Eldon \nSusan Elliott \nMr. and Mrs. Charlie Emmons \nEmpire Fisheries, LLC \nMary Jane Engle \nJanet Englund & Jennifer Gentry \nMr. Richard Englund &\n\n\n \n\nMs. Carol Haber \nSue and Paul Etkind \nThomas Evans \nJohn and Mary Evans \nLucille Evans \nExperience Squam \nMr. Douglas Fais \nBeth and Merrill Fay \nCatherine and Alexander Felton \nMichael and Marilyn Fenollosa \nC. Janice Ferguson \nPeter and June Fichter \nBruce and Carolyn Field \nHarriet and Rick Fingeroth \nLee and Jean Fisher \nMr. Richard P. Fisk \nMichael Fitzharris \nHolly Fitzpatrick \nMr. Warren R. Fleck \nThe Foltan Family \nRipley Forbes \nMr. and Mrs. Robert Forsyth \nCarol and Charles Foss \nEd and Sara Foster \nAmy Fradley & David Strickland \nFrank P. Marinace, Architect PA \nFranklin Pierce Lake Association \nFrase Electric, LLC \nMark Freeman \nMr. and Mrs. Donald R. Frisch \nAllan and Judy Fulkerson \nMr. Steve Fusi \nMs. Edna Gabriel \nHon. and Mrs. Arthur J. Gajarsa \nJerry and Jan Galbreath \nMr. and Mrs. Robert J. Gallagher \nBrenda and John Gallagher \nBob Garneau \nJohn Garvey & Cotton Cleveland \nMr. and Mrs. Richard C. Geden \nTony and Diane Giamberardino \nGeoffrey and Karen Gill \nDorothy Gillespie \nPatricia Gilman \nAnne P. Glavin \nMr. and Mrs. Walter Goddard \nBrenda Godin \nMarlene Goldman & \nMike Ellenbecker\n\n\n \n\nMr. and Mrs. Richard L. Goodby \nNancy Goodman \nJanet Gormley \nMs. Marjorie Gove \nJoanne and Joseph Grady \nJoan and Raymond Green \nNancy L. Grossman \nSusan Gutchess & Helen Ingalls \nDr. and Mrs. Paul Guyre \nOwen Gwyn \nLinda J. Habif \nHolly Haefele\n\n\n \n\nDr. and Mrs. Barry Haight \nMr. and Mrs. Thomas P. Hall \nGeorge and Diane Halper \nCharles and Ethel Hamann \nElizabeth and Charles Hambrick-\n\n\n \n\nStowe \nPeter and Dorothy Hare \nMr. and Mrs. Elton E. Harris \nAlison Harris \nMr. and Mrs. Don Hartrick \nProfessor Robin Hartshorne \nRupert and Susan Hauser \nRick and Jan Hawes \nWesley and Janan Hays \nBob Heath and Roberta Laauwe \nLois Heinlein and Tom Mathews \nJune Hemberger \nLinda and Mark Heminway \nMrs. Robert R. Hendrick \nJohn and Catherine Henn \nElizabeth A. Higgins \nBob and Bette Higley \nThomas and Marilyn Hill \nJohn and Cindy Hilson \nHoward and Gaela Hime \nAnanya Hixon \nDeb Hoadley \nDave and Melanie Hoffman \nHarriet P. Hofheinz \nBill and Cynthia Hohenberger \nLewis and Leslie Holmes \nSkip and Cathy Homicz \nCoeli Hoover \nCraig and Hazel Hopkins \nJohn and Teresa Horan \nLaurel Horne & Andy Duncan \nBruce Houghton \nEd and Linda Howes \nJulie Hoyt \nMr. and Mrs. Derek Hunt \nCarolyn Hunter \nRobert Hunter \nBrian Hurley \nRebecca Irving \nPeter and Sarah Irwin \nDavid Irwin \nThe Irwin Automotive Group \nJerel and Eunice Jackson \nChristy James & Alan Wheeler \nMs. Donna James \nBetsy Janeway \nJeff Good Landscaping \nKaren Johnson \nKenneth and Linda Johnson \nJames Jovenich \nJames and Sheila Kahrs \nDavid Katz \nMr. William Kauffman \nBeth Keene \nAnn Kelley, Wentworth RE\n\n\n \n\nAppraisal Services, LLC \nDan and Susan Kemp \nVirginia A. Kessler \nKathleen Kiely \nDr. Jack Kirk \nDonald and Phebe Kirkham \nMs. Heidi Barrett-Kitchen \nBob and Jean Kjellman \nEric and Heather Knapp \nInes Kochman \nRandy Kolka\n\n\n \n\nRonald and Victoria Koron \nSister Spirit Books \nJennie Kuckertz \nChristine D. Kuhn \nJohn Labrosse \nLucille and Greg Lacombe \nLadies on the Lake \nLake Winnepocket Conservation\n\n\n \n\nAssociation\n\n\n \n\nCarol Landroche \nCharlotte A. Lang \nLinda Lange \nRobert and Cornelia Lanou \nMr. and Mrs. David A. Larson \nCarl and Joanne Leaman \nNorman LeBlanc \nMary Lou Lee \nMr. and Mrs. Eric Lee \nMs. Paula Leonard \nPete Lewis and Joanne Kelly \nNancy Lewis \nCurtis and Patricia Ley \nWarren M. Little \nMr. and Mrs. David W. Loker \nBruce and Cathryn Long \nMrs. Carolyn Long \nMr. and Mrs. Mark Longley \nBarbara Lubin \nJean Lucas \nBruce and Susan MacDougall \nMr. and Mrs. Will Mack \nScott MacKay & Elizabeth Meyer \nAllyson MacKenna \nAriel MacTavish \nEva Madden \nMr. Jay Mager \nMs. Elizabeth Mahan \nDr. Dale Malabarba \nMrs. Jane S. Maney \nMr. Horace P. Marion \nMargaretta Marsh \nSut and Margaret Marshall \nMr. and Mrs. David F. Martin \nBarbara and Clark McClure \nMs. Nancy J. McCue \nDavid and Anne McDonough \nMr. Donald McGillicuddy \nMr. John T. McHenry &\n\n\n \n\nMs. Laurel K. Denison \nAnne McLean \nPatricia McPherson \nJohanna V. Mead \nLisa Melancon \nJerome E. Michaelson \nLaurence F. and Marian H. Miller \nDavid and Donna Mitchell \nSy Montgomery &\n\n\n \n\nHoward Mansfield \nGertrude B. Morgan \nDebra and Carl Moskey \nLucy Mueller \nDr. Ronald Nath &\n\n\n \n\nKathleen Nath\n\n\n \n\nHarriet and Don Neill \nNew England Farm and Garden\n\n\n \n\nAssociation\n\n\n \n\nMr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Newcomb \nJane S. Newcomb \nBruce C. Newton & \nJudy Sperling-Newton\n\n\n \n\nRobert and Jill Newton\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 96023, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sorry to hear about your loss..Rev.21:3 4. Mary Frances Pound Hatchett</p>\n<br><h1 id='70' style='font-size:20px'>\u201c</h1>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>M ary Frances Hatchett - May 20 at 11:09 AM</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our thoughts and prayers are with you. Friends at Johnnie McDade Grocery.</p>\n<br><h1 id='73' style='font-size:20px'>\u201c</h1>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L uther Minor - May 20 at 05:28 AM</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sorry to learn of the passing of Ms. Juanita. I remember her from classes at Georgia<br>College and State University. The family will remain in our prayers. Prayers for<br>comfort during this difficult time.</p>\n<br><h1 id='76' style='font-size:20px'>\u201c</h1>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>J ames(Bo) and Joyce Pierce - May 20 at 12:39 AM</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Kim Rogers Brown lit a candle in memory of Juanita Brookins Johnson Avery</p>\n<br><h1 id='79' style='font-size:20px'>\u201c</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='80' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(213,881); bottom-right:(406,1099)\" /></figure>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>K im Rogers Brown - May 19 at 09:47 PM</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u201c prayers in this difficult time. Hope y'all can find comfort in knowing she is not sick<br>Anita, Sheila and family so sorry for your loss. They family is in my thoughts and<br>anymore . She has a new body and she is walking the streets of heaven. RIP Ms.<br>Johnson</p>\n<figure><img id='83' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(195,1444); bottom-right:(377,1588)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='84' style='font-size:14px'>F ay Leverett - May 19 at 09:38 PM</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3095330, "type": "text", "content": "# MEMORIAL TRIBUTES 2019 cont.\n\n\nMary Paris\n\n\n \n\nJudith & John Ashby \nCecilia & Bradley Jacobson \nTeresa & Osmond Kemp \nMarina & James Lounds \nPeggy & Norm Munson \nMichael Richards \nRose & Allen Sunne \nLynn Symons\n\n\nJerline Peters \nConnie Thomas\n\n\nElizabeth (Lizzie) Phillips \nAlan Cavin \nBarb Venable Cotton \nJana Jonas\n\n\nKay S. Pinneo \nClaire W. Patterson\n\n\nDr. Daniel Piper \nJohn Hartigan\n\n\nPolly Potter \nCarol Nelson-Douglas\n\n\nPatricia Price \nGuy Price\n\n\nMichael Rapacchia \nAnthony Rapacchia\n\n\n \n\nGary Redwine \nSteve L. Redwine\n\n\nDr. Albert Rhoton, Jr. \nDorinda D. D\u2019Agostino \nDorothy Rainwater, RN \nLeVonne Taylor\n\n\nLin Hyland Rich \nAnne Leber\n\n\nEffie S. Roth \nHelen I. Roth\n\n\nJudith A. Schlosser \nJudith Caruso\n\n\nNell Scribner \nGenevieve Lenda\n\n\nMarvin Sheese \nMarcia Sheese\n\n\nRuth Shelton \nSuzanne C. Czachowski\n\n\nThomas Short \nRonald O Bergom \nKristin L Griffin \nGermaine Hillmer \nMelissa Koss \nJohn Loppnow \nPatricia Seeley \nDawn Williams\n\n\n \n\nDr. Jacob Spungin \nClark P. Stevens\n\n\n \n\nRussell Sjaarda\n\n\nMilo Thornberry\n\n\n \n\nConnie Thornberry\n\n\nDora Hartwell Stumpfig\n\n\n \n\nMarion Ellis\n\n\n \n\nLouise & David Banks \nJamie & Steve Cicco \nLoran Filson \nStacy & Hal Grossman \nNancy & Michael Hagan \nKathryn Honeycutt & Shawn Adams \nBeryl & Robert Jansen \nSue & Jerry McDonald \nMaggie & Dick Musselman \nBonnie Pierce \nRebecca Proctor \nMr. & Mrs. Jack Shultz \nJulie Sjaarda \nSunny Sjaarda \nVickie Sjaarda \nValerie Tinay\n\n\n \n\nIrma Tonon\n\n\n \n\nMargaret Tonon\n\n\nBrian Tucker\n\n\n \n\nNancy B. Tucker\n\n\nLouise Tyson\n\n\n \n\nCarol Cornell\n\n\nMerlyn Marie Smith Pat Wampler\n\n\n \n\nPatricia & John Bratsch Phil H. Wampler\n\n\n \n\nWillis Burton\n\n\n \n\nCatherine Cox Irene Weinwurm\n\n\n \n\nLucinda & Michael Cullers Phyllis Z. Ogof\n\n\n \n\nGrace Fredrickson\n\n\n \n\nJiffy Lube Wash. Area Co-op Arthur Wermann\n\n\n \n\nGinny & Rich Largent Laraine Henley\n\n\n \n\nThomas Musick Diane & George McGeorge\n\n\n \n\nThe Paulson Family Allene & Jerry Norman\n\n\n \n\nCarolyn & Larry Presgrave Barbara Pagliocca\n\n\n \n\nDonald Rembert\n\n\n \n\nJoy Beales Smith Dorothy Willis\n\n\n \n\nRebecca & Howard Spurlock Dorothy Rainwater, RN\n\n\n \n\nThe Perch Associates, LP\n\n\n \n\nToth Financial Advisory Corporation Daisy Mae Young\n\n\n \n\nRobin & Scott Trenner Mr. Robert Young\n\n\n\u2014 20 \u2014\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 692135, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Member Names\n\n\nAnne\n\n\n \n\nAdams, Ms, Valerie Dalby, Ms, Ann \nAlford, Rev, W.L. Daly, Ms, Hilary \nAlgeo, Mrs, Heather Dalzell, Ms, Pauline \nAl-Maskari, Mrs, Alison Daunt, Mrs, C. Ruth \nAnderson, Mrs, Susan Davis, Mr & Mrs, Robert & Nuala \nAppleyard, Ms, Louisa Deane, Rev & Mrs, Robert & \nArdis, Rev, E.G. Delahunty, Ms, Marie Louise \nArmstrong, Mrs, E.M. Dempsey, Mr, Ray \nAthey, Mrs, Daphne Doak, Mr & Mrs, Adrian & Hilary \nAtock, Mr & Mrs, Alex & Sherley Doran, Mr, Brendan \nBailey, Mr & Mrs, John & Mary Dowse, Mrs, Margaret \nBain, Rev, Des Doyle, Miss, Mary \nBarden, Ms, Patricia Duncan, Mrs, Valerie \nBarnardo, Mrs, Caroline Edgley, Mrs, Janet \nBarry, Prof, Joe Elders, Mrs, Alma \nBeattie, Ms, Gladys Jean Elmes, Rev, Ruth \nBell, Mr, Alec Evans MB FRCSI, Dr, J.R \nBell, Mrs, Patricia Farrar, Ms, Karen \nBenson, Mrs, Iris Fenelon, Dr, Lynda \nBewley, Mrs, Shirley Fenelon, Mrs, Sylvia \nBlackmore, Mr & Mrs, Kenneth Finlay, Mrs, Vera \n& Joan Fitzpatrick, Mr, David \nBlackwell, Mrs, Meriel Fitzpatrick, Mr, Peter \nBleakley, Mr, G.H. Flood, Mrs, Audrey \nBoland, Mr & Mrs, Michael & Mary Foley, Mrs, Hazel .G. \nBoyd, Dr, Maureen Foot, Mr, H.D \nBoyd, Mrs, E.C. Forbes, Mrs, June \nBoyle, Mrs, Thea Forsyth, Mr & Mrs, T.H. \nBradshaw, Mr & Mrs, Brian & Foxall, Ms, Elizabeth \nRhoda Foxton, Mrs, Emily \nBrady, Mr& Mrs D & P Franck, Mr, Stephen \nBrennan, Ms, Bernadette Franklin, Dr, Mary \nBrickley, Mrs, Margaret French, Mrs, R \nBrookes, Mrs, Olga Frith, Mrs, Patricia \nBrooks, Mr & Mrs, Maurice & Galbraith, Mr, Cyril \nHilary Gardiner, Mrs, Nicola \nBrowne, Mr, Liam Garrett, Ms, Roslyn \nBrownlee, Mr, Rory Gavin, Ms, Veronica Maud \nBruton, Mrs, Joan Gibbs, Mr, D.S. \nBudd, Hon Justice, Declan Gibson, Mrs, Alice \nBurry, Mr, R.D. Gillis, Mr, Alan \nByrne, Mr & Mrs, Michael & Pat Gillis, Mr, Douglas \nByrne, Mrs, Mary Gillis, Mrs, Beryl \nCaplin, Mrs, Frances Glanville, Mrs, Deirdre \nCarroll, Mr, Henry Glenn, Mrs, Phyllis M \nCarroll, Mrs, Avril Glenn, Ms, Olive \nChambers, Mrs, Judy Glynn, Ms, Sharon \nChamp, Mrs, Audrey Gordon, Ms, Joy \nCheckett, Ms, Iris Graham, Mr, Alan \nChristie, Mr & Mrs, C & K Graham, Ms, Doreen \nClarke, Mr, George Graham, Prof, Ian \nClarke, Mrs, Ruth Graves, Mr, Gordon R. \nClarke, Ms, Susan P Greene, Mr, Richard \nCockrill, Miss, L. Hade, Mrs, Valerie \nComiskey, Mr & Mrs, Don Hadnett, Mr, Richard \nConlon, Prof, Kevin Hamilton, Dr, Lynda \nCooke, Miss, Janet Harris, Mr, Jimmy \nCornish-Browne, Ms, Deirdre Harte, Mrs, Noelle Walker \nCrampton, Rev & Mrs, Leslie & Hayes, Dr, Liz \nJanet Hayes, Mrs, Victoria \nCrean, Mrs, Karen Heard, Mrs, Ruth\n\n\n# DONORS\n\n\nDublin\n\n\n \n\nMacNab, Mrs, Ida \nMcCollum, Mr, Alan \nMcConnell, Mrs, Janet \nMcConnell, Mrs, Joan \nMcConnell, Prof, David \nMcCowen, Mrs, Eithne \nMcDowell, Dr, Carlos \nMcGloughlin, Dr & Mrs, Alan &\n\n\n \n\nElizabeth\n\n\n \n\nSheppard, Mrs, Patricia \nSherwood, Mrs, Heather \nSherwood, Rev, Nigel \nShorten, Mrs, Pam \nSimpson, Mrs, Sylvia \nSimpson, Ms, Vida F. \nSisson, Dr, Lynda \nSmith, Mr, Thomas \nSmith, Mrs, Joy \nSmythe, Mr & Mrs, Rodney and\n\n\n \n\nMcKeown, Miss, Maureen\n\n\n \n\nMeredith, Mrs, Janet Gloria\n\n\n \n\nMichael, Mrs, Valerie\n\n\n \n\nMiley, Mr, Terence\n\n\n \n\nMiller, Mr & Mrs, Desmond & Jean\n\n\n \n\nMills, Prof, Kingston\n\n\n \n\nMilne, Mr & Mrs, Gordon & Sue\n\n\n \n\nMoore, Dr, David P.\n\n\n \n\nMoore, Mrs, Audrey\n\n\n \n\nMorgan, Mrs, Daphne\n\n\n \n\nMulcahy, Dr, David\n\n\n \n\nMurphy, Ms, Triona\n\n\n \n\nMyerscough, Mr, Robert\n\n\n \n\nNeill, Mrs, Betty\n\n\n \n\nNiblock, Mrs, Olive\n\n\n \n\nNolan, Mrs, Iris\n\n\n \n\nNuzum, Rev, Daniel\n\n\nO\u2019Donovan, Mrs, Sally\n\n\n \n\nOdlum, Mr, Philip\n\n\nO\u2019Ferrall, Dr, Fergus\n\n\n \n\nO\u2019Higgins, Mr, Tom\n\n\n \n\nO\u2019Morain, Prof, C.A.\n\n\n \n\nO\u2019Morchoe, Mrs, Jill\n\n\n \n\nOrr, Dr, Deborah\n\n\n \n\nO\u2019Toole, Mr & Mrs, David\n\n\n \n\nPark, Mrs, Amanda\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 900753, "type": "text", "content": "COLLEGE FUND OF PINELLAS COUNTY, INC. \nOur Board of Directors and their Education, Affiliations & Experience:\n\n\nq David E. Barclay, PhD; former Margaret and Roger Scholten Professor of\nInternational Studies Emeritus, \nKalamazoo College (Michigan); former Executive Director, German Studies\nAssociation. \nq Joseph Blanton, BS/BA; former senior investment advisor & former managing\ndirector of fixed income operations, \nRaymond James: former trust department investment officer, Sun Bank & Barnett. \nq Alaina Butler, MBA; Longevity Planning Consultant, Wealth Planning, Raymond\nJames Financial \nq Sandra Campbell, PhD/Nursing; former professor at the College of Nursing at\nSt. Petersburg College; former \ndirector of Education at Largo Medical Center; former clinical nurse\nspecialist at Morton Plant Hospital, former \npresident of Winning Within, Inc. \nq Gezime Christian, MA/International and Development Economics; former program\nexaminer, White House Office \nof Management & Budget; former analyst, U.S. Export-Import Bank; adjunct\nfaculty, St. Petersburg College. \nq James Cordea, PhD/Engineering; private consultant; former manager of\nmaterials research, Armco Steel Corporation \nq Lynn Craske, BS/Home Economics/Chemistry; sales coach at Valpak Direct\nMarketing Systems, Inc.; former vice \npresident, Sun Dental Labs; former private business consultant to medical\nexecutives; former director of sales & \nmarketing, Home Shopping Network; former buyer, Federated Department Stores \nq Karen Creamer attended Ball State University majoring in social work; former\nowner of a retail computer store; \nformer employee in the IT department of a multi-site community mental health\ncenter; former software class \ninstructor at Indiana University East \nq Gerald Dominick, BS/Psychology; local business owner; past\nchairman/president Greater Largo Chamber of \nCommerce; past officer and board member of Sun Coast Hospital; former manager\nin the health care industry \nq Curt Engelmann, MS/Management; Managing Director of TALinsight, LLC, which\nprovides clients candidate \nscreening & career development; former principal with Mercer Human Resources\nConsulting; former principal with \nErnst & Young, LLP; former Vice President of Compensation and Benefits,\nGeneral Mills Restaurant Group. \nq Kenneth Fullerton, MBA; financial advisor to state and local governments;\nretired as a partner of Public Financial \nManagement (PFM); previously had co-founded Fullerton & Friar, Inc., an\nairport financial advisory firm that was \nacquired by PFM; began career working for Salomon Brothers and Lazard Freres\nin New York. \nq E. Britt Hart, BA/History, former Assistant Vice President, New York Life\nInsurance Company, the largest mutual \nlife-insurance company in the United States, where he taught sales skills,\nestate planning and business insurance to \nNew York Life agents. \nq Bette Ra Ivey, MS/Administration; former teacher, principal, supervisor, and\narea superintendent, Pinellas County \nSchools \nq Sheila F. Keller, EdS/Curriculum & Supervision; former teacher, Polk County;\nformer Social Studies supervisor and \ndirector of Community Services and Human Relations, Pinellas County Schools;\nformer adjunct professor, National- \nLouis University; member, Pinellas County African American History Museum \nq Loretta B. Laws, manager of operations, contracts & administration, IT\nInternational, LLC; former operations staff \ndirector, Lucent Technologies; former service manager, AT&T; Paradyne \nq Shirley Lorenzo, EdD; former elementary school principal; former adjunct\nprofessor at USF and Nova Southeastern \nUniversity; former teacher at National-Louis University; member Delta Kappa\nGamma honor society of women \neducators \nq Karen Moseley, MS/Administration; education consultant, former principal,\nPinellas County Schools \nq Regan Musgrove, PhD/Education; former elementary school teacher; volunteer\nkindergarten and first grade teacher \nq Connie Mustipher, MS; certified mediator; former College Fund recipient \nq Timothy Owens, MS/Education; former principal, assistant principal, Title 1\ncurriculum resource and classroom \nteacher, Pinellas County Schools \nq Sharron Rankine, AA/Business; former special assistant to the commissioner,\nInterstate Commerce Commission \nq Robert Rankine, PhD/Engineering; former vice president, Hughes Space &\nCommunications Co.; Major General, \nUS Air Force, retired \nq David Rogers, BA/History; realtor; former reporter, St. Petersburg Times and\nThe Georgia Gazette; former staff \nmember for Carl Albert, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. \nq Heaven Taylor-Wynn, BS/Telecommunication News; web producer & video editor,\nWCJB TV 20; campus \ncorrespondent, CheddarU; anchor & reporter, WUFT News. \nq Kay Thompson, Master of Social Work; former recruitment coordinator, One\nChurch One Child of Florida; former \nfield training supervisor, Department of Children & Families, Tallahassee\nCommunity College; former senior \nprogram specialist, Department of Children & Families, Tallahassee\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1745801, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Lizbeth Diaz<br>Julie K Dillman<br>Anne DiZio<br>Lawrence Dooley<br>The Eatery<br>Amy Ehrenborg<br>Regina Elliott<br>James Espinoza<br>Darrell Evans<br>Donna Evans<br>Jessica Fauci<br>Diana Fegley<br>Marla Felker<br>Patrick Fiedelak<br>Noleen A Finch<br>Douglas Fink<br>Christopher Fish<br>Jessica Flowers<br>Jana Fogg<br>Michael Forbes<br>Chris Ford<br>Anna Freeman<br>Vanessa Frickel<br>Garrett Gant<br>Marissa Garcia<br>Harrison Garlick<br>Loretta Gedosh<br>Gayle Gibson<br>Francisco Glenn<br>Shoshana Goldberg<br>Michele Gomez<br>Balaji Gopal<br>Carmen Gordon<br>Christina Gorman<br>Dustin Green<br>Natalie Marshall<br>Marti Greene<br>George Gridelli<br>Katherine Griffin<br>Carrie Grub<br>Austin Gund<br>Cyndi Haberer<br>Kathy Hall<br>Rosalie Harker<br>Charles Harper<br>Jill Harrington</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Roxanne Harris<br>Kathy Hasiak<br>Steven Head<br>Christine Heinrich<br>Jenna Helsel<br>Lynette Henry<br>Christopher Henson<br>Bradley Herstine<br>Elliot Hirshorn<br>David Hoffman<br>Colleen Hogan<br>Gayle Home<br>Mariah Honig<br>Corrina Horn<br>Schkun Hoskins<br>Shayna Howard<br>Martina Huizar<br>Brian Hull<br>Jonathan Hutchins<br>Intersection Logistics<br>Charles Irwin<br>David Jacobs<br>Deanne Jacoby<br>Debra Jensen<br>Paul Johnson<br>Betsy Stout Jones<br>Laura Junker<br>Kevin Kearns<br>Laurie Keating<br>Warren Keinath<br>Bob Kemins<br>Tim Kenney<br>Carolyn Kick<br>Cecil King<br>Tyler Kister<br>Adam Klapperich<br>Margaret Koch<br>Bill Komorowski<br>Christine Koszela<br>Pamela Kyzar<br>Maria Labao<br>Keith Lancette<br>Rachel Landon<br>Collin Lee</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Scott Liner<br>Tanya Lomas<br>Noelle Lotz<br>Scott Loupe<br>Shelley Lucchesi<br>Julie Lukomski<br>Dean Lyons<br>Jeff Mabie<br>Matthew Macarah<br>Johnn Manda<br>Brian Martin<br>Jeff May<br>Tony Mayne<br>Magda Mayo<br>Eric McAnelly<br>Lisa McCabe<br>Traci McCann<br>Kate McCoy<br>Dennis McDevitt<br>Sheri McFarland<br>John & Jonie McGraw<br>Mark Mcilyar<br>Robert McKim<br>Amy McMichael<br>Christine Mead<br>Toria Melville<br>Steve Merritt<br>Mary Beth Mooney<br>Stephen Moore<br>Sasha Morales<br>Nathan Morton<br>Lacey Moser<br>Will Motzel<br>Stephanie Murphy<br>Sara Nainzadeh<br>Sioux Newenhouse<br>Rachel Nicholl<br>Sharon Nicoll<br>Jim Nipp<br>Thomas Nuessen<br>Christopher Odette<br>Ivette Oliva<br>Carol Oliveri<br>Mary Page<br>Bob Palacios</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Carlos Pena<br>Travis Penn<br>Mike Penn<br>Elizabeth Peterson-Reres<br>Douglas Petro<br>Andrea Petroff<br>Debbie Prichard<br>Dena Pusey<br>Ryan Putnam<br>Kassandra Ramirez<br>Ronald Reeves<br>Doreen Rekoski<br>Rolando Rivera<br>David Rivera<br>Deidra Roberts<br>Don Robinson<br>Sandy Rolfes<br>Stephen Royall<br>Jarod Russo<br>Marjorie Sandberg<br>David Sapien<br>Julia Saunders<br>Stephanie Scere<br>Nicole Schettino<br>Colin Schmidt<br>Pauline Schultz-Ward<br>Sally Schwartz<br>Alice Shade<br>Mary Sharp<br>Cynthia Shortall<br>Meredith Siskron<br>Virginia Skinner<br>Sterling Smith<br>Randall Smith<br>Timothy Smith<br>Cassandra Sobehrad<br>Justin Solsvig<br>Daniel Sroka<br>Patricia Stanek<br>Tina Starkey<br>Nancy Diane Stern<br>Sharron Stewart<br>William Stowe<br>Lee Sutcliffe<br>Nathan Tacy<br>Tatras Data USA</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 883144, "type": "text", "content": "Mr. Tom Adams \nMr. John Addeo \nMrs. Amy Addison \nMr. Stephen B. Addo Jr. \nMs. Elizabeth M. Adler \nMs. Sunita Advaney \nMr. Ved Agarwal \nMr. Jason Aguiar \nMs. Jennifer Alaimo \nMr. David Albertson \nMr. and Mrs. Peter and \nMargaret Albrecht \nLee and Nile Albright \nMr. William Alden-Dunn \nMs. Tracy Alfano \nMr. Lawrence Alford \nMr. and Mrs. Jeffrey L. Alitz \nMs. Deborah Alkins \nMr. John Allegrini \nMichael and Kohar Allen \nMs. Samantha Allen \nMr. John Allison \nMr. Matthew Almeida \nMr. Raimundo Almeida \nMr. and Mrs. Yanni Alphas \nMr. Rolf Alphonse \nMr. Hollace Alspach \nMr. Luis Alvarez \nMr. Vinod Alwani \nMr. Hyalker Amaral \nMs. Jennifer Amedo \nMrs. Laura C. Ames \nMs. Ashley Amicangioli \nMr. Edwin Amonoo \nMr. and Mrs. David L. Amory \nMs. Fawn Andersen \nMr. Chris D. Anderson \nMs. Christine Anderson \nMs. Deirdre Anderson \nMr. Jerry Anderson \nMr. John Anderson \nMs. Sue Anderson \nJim and Kathy Andrea \nMr. Cemir Angulo \nMs. Judy D. Anthony \nMr. Paul Anthony \nMs. Jennifer Antle \nMs. Brooke Appe\n\n\n \n\nMs. Susan Appel \nMr. Daniel Appugliese \nMr. Michael D. Aquilino \nMr. David Arbuckle \nMr. Paul A. Archibald Jr. \nMr. Jim Arizini \nMr. and Mrs. Joseph\n\n\n \n\nArlauskas Sr.\n\n\n \n\nMs. Natalie Armano \nMs. Julie Armstrong \nJames M. Arrigal \nMs. Wanda Atkins \nMr. Corey Atturio \nMs. Alyssa Auciello \nMs. Michele P. Audet \nMr. Dalton Avery \nMr. Ken Ayvazian \nMr. Richard Babb \nMs. Rebecca Babbitt \nMs. Barbara Van Duzer\n\n\n \n\nBabin\n\n\n \n\nMr. Michael Bace \nMs. Sinae Bae \nMs. Eileen Baer \nMs. Sandra Bailey \nMr. Charles D. Baker Sr. \nMs. Katherine Baker \nMs. Navjeet Bal and Mr. Eric\n\n\n \n\nFernald\n\n\n \n\nMr. and Mrs. George B. \nBalaconis\n\n\n \n\nMr. Gresa Balaj \nMs. Meghan Balbale \nMs. Heather Baldassari \nMr. Nino Balduzzi \nMr. William Ball \nMr. and Mrs. Charles Balogh \nMs. Denise Ban \nMs. Lyn Banville \nMr. Hernando Barake \nMr. Patrick Barberio \nMr. Brendan Barca \nMr. Joseph Barca \nMs. Christina Bardenheuer \nMr. Tim Barile \nMs. Deborah Barnard \nMr. Scott Barnard \nMs. Heather B. Barnet\n\n\n \n\nMr. Brian Barr Ms. Karen Bickford\n\n\n \n\nMs. Judi Barrett Mrs. Angela Billick\n\n\n \n\nMs. Ellen C. Barry Ms. Sarah Bintinger\n\n\n \n\nMr. Mike Barry Ms. Ashley Bisognani\n\n\n \n\nMs. Colleen Bartling Mr. Gerry Bissi\n\n\n \n\nMr. and Mrs. Robert W. Basile Mr. Eric Bjornson\n\n\n \n\nMr. William E. Baskett Ms. Elizabeth Brannon\n\n\n \n\nMr. Robert Bass Ms. Pamela Brazeau\n\n\n \n\nMr. Michael H. Bassett Ms. Ashley B. Breed\n\n\n \n\nMr. Armand Bassi\n\n\n \n\nMs. Diane Bastos\n\n\n \n\nMr. Jason Batch\n\n\n \n\nMr. Brian Batchelor\n\n\n \n\nMs. Margaret Bates\n\n\n \n\nMs. Suzanne Battit\n\n\n \n\nMs. Jody R. Baum\n\n\n \n\nMr. Thomas Bean\n\n\n \n\nMs. Carmen-Anita Beaton\n\n\n \n\nMr. Thomas A. Beaton\n\n\n \n\nMs. Rachelle Beck\n\n\n \n\nMr. and Mrs. Edward R.\n\n\n \n\nBedrosian \nMr. Brendan Behan \nMr. Bishnu Behera \nMs. Nichole A. Beiner \nMr. Pierre J. Belizaire Jr. \nMs. Ann Bell\n\n\nMr. Gregory Bell\n\n\n \n\nMr. Larry Bell\n\n\n \n\nMrs. Renee L. Bellinger \nMr. Brandon Bendes \nMs. Heather Benedetto \nMr. John Benedetto \nMr. Andrew Bennett \nMs. Brigitta Bentham \nMs. Samantha Berdinka \nMr. Adam Berg\n\n\n \n\nMr. Eric Bremberg \nMr. Eric Brennan \nMrs. Melissa A. Brennan \nMr. Cornelius Bresnahan \nMr. Michael Bresnahan \nMr. and Ms. Edward D. \nBrickley\n\n\n \n\nMr. Thomas J. Brien\n\n\nBernard G. Berkman and \nNancy J. Berkman \nMr. Michael Bernard \nMr. Gary Bernstein \nMr. Michael Bertie \nMr. Jeff Bertoni \nMs. Teresa Bertorelli \nRenee and Warren Besser \nMr. and Mrs. Kyle Betty \nMr. Joseph E. Bevere Jr. \nDr. Diana Bianchi\n\n\n \n\nMr. Chris Brigham \nMs. Sharon Brigham \nMr. Walter L. Brine \nMr. Laurence M Brock \nMr. and Mrs. James D. \nBrockelman\n\n\n \n\nDr. Steven N. Broder\n\n\n \n\nMr. and Mrs. Frank S. \nBrophy\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2598013, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Accenture Federal Services, Karen Acker, Nevzat Adil, Heidi Aggeler, Karen Agro, Lisa Allison, Victor Alonso, Dr. Kerry Alt, Cindy Alvarado, Janet<br>Nelson-Alvarez, Stephanie Anderson, Marcela Andr\u00e9s, Sandi Andrews, Renae Angeroth, Darcey Anton, Ellen Apostolakis, Fares Aris, Betsy Arumi,<br>Bill Ash, Tracy Augustine, Jan Austin, Jennifer & James Austin, Stan Bacon, Elizabeth Badger, Melissa Baez, Linda Bagwell, Kimberley Baker, Sonja<br>Baker, Elaine M Barber, Jan Barnett, Augustine Baron, Gregory Bausman, Anonymous In Honor Of Larry Baldauf, Bonnie Beall, Benjamin Beane,<br>Bill Bednar, Gayle Bell, Michael Benedict, Marguerite Biesele, Bill Wood Foundation, James Bintz, Diana Biro, Maria Bitran, Brian Blackwell, Kellie<br>& Mario Blanco, Michael Blumenthal, Jeffrey Boga, Serenity Bogert, Joseph Bohan, Kathleen Bohn, Merrick Bonewitz, Erika Borland, Richard<br>Boukas, Joseph Bousquet, Bronwyn Bowen In Honor Of Kendal Gladish, Robb Boyd, Peggy Bradley, Paula Brady, Sam Branson, Cohl Brazil, Ashley<br>Brorby, Elizabeth Brown, Laurie Brown, Melissa Brown, Reuben Brown, Margaret Bruesch, Burdine Johnson Foundation, Jennifer Burger, William<br>Buros, William Bush, Drew Busmire, Joe Campos, Mark Canales, Keith Cantrell, Capital Area Secc, Inga Marie Carmel, Mark Carpenter, Miren<br>Carranza, Frank Carrico In Memory Of John Ritchie, Stacey & William Carroll, Maria & Carlos Castillo, Leesa Ceron, Ben E. Smith & Jane<br>Chamberlain, Anna Chan, Yoon Chan, Brent Chappell, Mary Chappell, David Chavez, Xiaole Chen & Fenghua Liu, David Cheng, Dm Christie,<br>Michael Churgin, City Of Austin Financial Services, Cyntbia Clark, Derric Clemmons, Susan Cody, Terri Coffsky, Florence Colantonio, Jeremy<br>Coleman, Thelma Coles, Chelsea & Scott Collier, James Collins, Mary Ann Collins, Frances Collmann, Spencer Conklin, Andrew Cook, Danny<br>Cook, Kathleen Corcoran, Emily Cowan, Clydene Coy, David Crabbs, Adele Crawford, William Crock, Daniel Crowe, Roberta Culhane, Carolyn<br>Cunningham, Tina Cybularz, Jeanne Dahmus, Nicholas Dauster, Patricia M. Davis, Mary Dawson, Carol De Cardenas, Noah De Lissovoy, Stacia &<br>Walt Debill, Mikey Deleon, Tavo Deleon, Erica Demme, Designedengagement, Flavio Devide, Michael Devivo, Dianne Smith Goggan Foundation,<br>Chico Diaz, Kathy Diaz, Elaine Dill, Ken Dobbins, Diane Dolezal, Dennis Donovan, Lotus Douglas, Julietta Ducote, James Dunaway, Mitzi<br>Eastman, Sarah Edens, Scott Ehlers, Bill Eisele, Javier Elizondo, Elizabeth Ellis, Christine Ely, E Gisela Escalante-Rebolledo, David Escamilla,<br>Andrew Escher, Angelica Evans, Mouna Evans, Joseph Faherty, Pam Farley, Cheryl Farmer, Nina Faulkner, Jimmy Ferguson, Diane Fern\u00e1ndez,<br>Maria Ferrer, Hilary Field, Karen Fingerman, Mark Fishman, Thomas Flippin, April Floyd, Ford Foundation, David Fraser, Jeff & Michelle Fratus,<br>Jacqueline Frausto, Mary Kate Fredriksen, Luke Frost, Taylor Fuerst, Murray Fulton, Mei Fung, Estella Gaffney, Simona Gandarbur, John & Dena<br>Garcia, Joselyn Garcia, Viridiana Garcia, Juan Garcia-Ramirez, Jenny & David Garraway, Billy Garretsen, Lorenzo Garza, Brian Gaudino, Beverly<br>& Bill Gaventa, Jeff George, Ricardo Gilb, Carolyn & John Gionfriddo, Lauren Gittens, Give Inlieu Foundation, Byron Goble, Gay Goforth, Leonie<br>Goldman, Helio E. Gomez, Anne Gomez Sterrett, Mario Gonzalez, Carol Goodwin, Margaret Gourlay, Susan Grant, Daniel F Green, Galen Greer,<br>Sally Grenard-Moore & John Moore, Cindy Griggs, Leon Grizzard, Paul Grotevant & Carolyn Schwarz, Dan Gruber, David Guarino, Robert<br>Guerrero, Rebecca Gutierrez, Emily Haeussler, Ragan Haggard, Michael Hagye, John Hall, Deborah Hamilton Lynn, Keith Hamrin, Thuy Hanley,<br>Paul Hansen, Phyllis Hanvey, Ann Haraguchi, Sarah Harriman, Lisa Harris, Marilu Hastings, Phil Hastings, Nancy Hawkins, James Haws, Molly<br>Haws, Brian Hays, Rachel Hays, Cristina Helmerichs, Joel Henderson, Greg Hendrickson, Katy Henry, Elizabeth Herman, Ed & Janet Hess, Clare<br>Hill, Justin Jay Hines, Anonymous In Honor Of Lisa Andrade Peter Hines, Paul Hintz, Walter Hofmeister, Patricia Hogan, Terry Hollister, Lori<br>Beber Holmes, Home Depot, John Hook & Andrea Martinez, Kris Hosler, Priscilla Hubenak, Jennifer Hudson, Vicki L. Hughes, Carolyn Hulsey,<br>Allan Humphrey, Barry Hutcheson, Ibm Matching Grants Program, Dragos Ilie, Mark Interrante, Diane Irwin, Julia Ismael, Darrell James, Danielle<br>Jaussaud, Esther Jenkins, Mary Jensen, Richard Jinkins, Melinda Jochems, Erick Johnson, Jeff Johnson, Jerald Johnson, Kelly Johnson, Alan<br>Johnston, Lisa Jones, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Melanie Jubelin, Jim Judkins, Jr., Nils Juul-Hansen, Patricia Kalthoff, Margaret Kaluzny, William<br>Kanengiser, Barbara Kauppi, Eileen Keller, Pam Keller, Deborah Kelley, Steven Kennedy, Kris Kepler, Jamie Keshet, Jeff Kessel, Shirin Khosropour,<br>Scott Killen, Min Soo Kim,*Edward & Sheryl Kimball, Erika King, Angela Kissel, Megan Kite, Eric Klasson, Julianne Knott, James Knuth, Harold<br>Koch, Zena Kogan, Artemiy Kolesnikov, Richard & Laura Kooris, Alyssa & Jeff Korn, Natalia Kosovskiy, Hanna Koutchoukali, John Kozarich,<br>Martha Kreipke, Tom Kremer, Nicole Krishnan, Elizabeth Kubala, Dee Kurtzer, Kendall Kuse, Claude-Lise Lafranque, Lago Vista Women's Club,<br>Carol Lane, Jacob Lange, Alice Lawler, Tim Laws, Allen Lea, Karen Lee, Nancy Lee, Nancy Leeper, Jean Lefebvre & Paul Schoenfield, Genevieve<br>Leitner, Lucile Lenore, Cynthia Lesky, Romi Lessig, Adam Levin, David & Veda Levin In Honor Of Adam Levin And William Knuth Of Duo<br>Sonidos, Claudia Levis, Glenn Lewis, Melanie Lewis, Jack & Terry Lieberknecht, Barbara Lightheart, Priscilla Lightsey, Jeanine Lineback, Jane<br>Lippmann, Richard Lister, Meri Liston, Nick Lloyd, Barbara Loe, Richard Long, Gustavo Lopez, Carey Lorraine, Bonnie Lowry, Sharon Lowry,<br>Carmen Luevanos, Lusong Luo, Casie Luong, Bo Luongo, Donald Lyman, Michael Macher, Stacy Mackintosh, Michael Maldonado, Kelly<br>Manison, Madalyn Marabella, Stephanie Martin, Janet Marz, Carol Mashaka, Brian Massey, Molly Matlock, Meredith Mcalmon, Paula Mccloud,<br>Frank Mccormick, Molly Mccoy, Anonymous In Honor Of John Henry Mcdonald, Carla Mcelhaney, Mcgraw-Hill Education Matching Gift<br>Program, Anna Mcguire-Johndrow, Fiona Mcinally, Marian Mcinturff, Michael Mciver, Andy Mckenna, Kitty & Michael Mckinney, Barbara<br>Mcpharlin, Ann Marie Melendrez, Andrea Mellard, Michael Mendoza, Cj Menge, Jeffery Merritt, Kenneth Meyer, Wayne Meyer, John Mikanda,<br>Suzette & John Milander, Tr\u00e9 Miller, Cynthia Milne, Ed Miner, Pam Mitchell, Anoa Monsho, Jahzeel Montes, John Montes, John Moore, Aashi<br>Morales, Cynthia & Diego Moreland, Samuel Motta, Ruth Mudge, Janice Muniz, John Murphey, Marilyn Murray, Marie Musalem, Terry Muska,<br>Nakisa Mokhtari, Miquel Navarro Mas, Wynnell Noelke, North Georgia Community Foundation, Norvell Northcutt, Marisa Nunez, Krystin<br>O'mara, Joanne O'neill, Elisa Okeefe, David & Karen Osborne, Ruben Osorio, Linda Palmer, Marie Pancotti, Peggy Parola, Homer Parsegian,<br>Haley Patterson, Margaret Peloquin, Elena Percival, Aureliano Perez, Sharin Perez, Sierra Perez, Julia Pernet, Linda Peterson, Paul Pew, William<br>Phillips, Thomas & Jennifer Pickens, Melody Pickle, David Pinckney, Russell Pinkston, Julie & Ron Pippin, Pitney Bowes, Augusto Podio, Aida<br>Pollard, David Lester, Kevin Manderville & Family, Pinckney Price, Matthew Puckett, Julia & Jason Rabb, Lewis M Rambo, T. Mychael Rambo,<br>Rose Ramirez, David Rane, Chaya Rao & Sai Moorty, Mohan Rao, Frank Raushel, Cindy & Dave Reeder, Rick Reeder, Julia Reese, Stephanie</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3339599, "type": "text", "content": "Richard Cardillo Paulette Moore Hines \nNational School University of Medicine and \nClimate Center Dentistry of New Jersey \nPam Castellanos Janet Nazif \nNJ Department of Education Nonpublic School Advisory Council \nDonna Chiera Jacqueline Norris \nAmerican Federation of Teachers The College of New Jersey \nof NJ Mona Noyes \nEileen Dachnowicz NJ Parents and Teachers Association \nNJ Department of Education Melanie O'Dea \nConsultant NJ Department of Education \nRay Dinovi Brendan O'Reilly \nRowan University NJ Department of Education \nJay Doolan Sharon Orosz \nNJ Principals and NJ Department of Education Consultant \nSupervisors Association Daniel Oscar \nMaurice Elias Princeton Center for Leadership Training \nRutgers University Joanmarie Penney \nSheila Engelbach Memorial Middle School \nNJ Department of Education Consultant Luanne M. Peterpaul \nMaryanne Evanko Peterpaul, Clark and Corcoran, P.C. \nNJ Department of Children Regina Podhorin \nand Families The Leadership Group \nCarol Ferguson Mary Reece \nNorthfield School District Foundation for Educational Administration \nPatricia Fitzgerald Sally Ruggiero \nColonia High School NJ Department of Education \nChristina Gehringer Thomas Santo \nWashington Township Public Schools Zane North Elementary School \nDiane Genco Mayra Silva \nNJ School-Age Lincoln Middle School \nCare Coalition Leisa Anne Smith \nRobert Gilmartin NJ State Bar Foundation \nNJ Department of Education Mark Stanwood \nSteven Goldstein Rowan University \nGarden State Equality Debra Stewart \nGeorgiann Gongora NJ Department of Children and Families \nAlliance for Social, Emotional Bill Tozier \nand Character Development Warren Township School District \nStuart Green Bill Trusheim \nNJ Coalition for Bullying Pequannock School District \nDonald Hallcom Lisa von Pier \nNJ Department of Human Services NJ Department of Children and Families\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Identify which contributors could have potentially interacted or known Ms. Juanita through both education and a mutual group association, considering MacDade Grocery's involvement and college memories.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 771, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3356004, "type": "text", "content": "MAKING A DIFFERENCE\n\n\nThere is a tension between having too many financial reporting specialists and\nthe audit \ncommittee\u2019s ability to take a broad perspective on issues falling within its\nremit. Audit \ncommittee members need to deal with a constantly changing regulatory, economic\nand IT \nenvironment. This calls for a diverse group of members with different skills\nand experiences \n\u2013 not just accounting and auditing experts. As pointed out by a number of\nrespondents, it is \nalso vital that audit committee members have good soft skills, an independent\noutlook and \na willingness to challenge.\n\n\n\u2018 More communication and persuading skills \u2013 more soft skills \u2013 are needed. \nSLOVENIA\n\n\n\u2018 Audit committee members need to be independent and have a global outlook \non performance. \nHUNGARY\n\n\nChanging skill requirements of audit committee members have been accompanied,\nin \nalmost all cases, by a significant increase in their time commitment. The\nfrequency of \nmeetings differs considerably across audit committees, with some respondents\nattending \ncommittee meetings on a monthly basis, others only on an annual basis. Yet the\nmajority \nof respondents judge that audit committee membership requires at least 50%\nmore of \ntheir time than it did several years ago. For some, the time commitment has\ngrown by \nover 100%. On average, our respondents attend meetings every other month with\nmost \ndescribing a very high rate of attendance. In some cases, the audit committee\nmeetings are \naccompanied by additional, informal gatherings.\n\n\n\u2018 We met five times in 2013, seven times in 2014 and by September 2016 we\u2019d\nalready \nmet 13 times.\n\n\n \n\n# ROMANIA\n\n\n\u2018 We have regular preparatory meetings before the formal \naudit committee meeting to go through the agenda points \nthoroughly and a bit less officially to get a proper feel for \nthe material.\n\n\n \n\nSLOVENIA\n\n\nThe number of meetings per se is not a reliable indicator of whether\nsufficient time is \nallocated to enable the audit committee to fulfil its core functions.\nNonetheless, most of \nour respondents are clear that they are spending more time preparing for\nmeetings and \nin meetings. This may reflect the increased responsibilities of audit\ncommittees as well as \nchanging business needs and a challenging external economic context. It also\nresponds to \nthe enhanced role that audit committees are playing in ensuring good\ngovernance. \nThe move noted by many towards more in-depth, substantive and challenging\ndiscussions \nhas had \u2013 and is likely to continue to have \u2013 an impact on the time demanded\nof audit \ncommittee members. In one isolated case, however, it was noted that the\nincreased skills \nand experience of audit committee members have led to greater efficiency and\nreduced \ndemands on members\u2019 time.\n\n\n5 5\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 143642, "type": "text", "content": "# CYBEROPTICS CORPORATION \nNOMINATING AND \nCORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE CHARTER\n\n\n \n\n# Adopted September 2009 \nAmended February 24, 2017\n\n\n \n\n# Purpose:\n\n\n \n\nTo assist the Board of Directors by identifying individuals qualified to\nbecome Board \nmembers and to recommend to the Board nominees to fill vacancies in membership\nof the \nBoard as they occur and, prior to each Annual Meeting of Shareholders,\nrecommend a \nslate of nominees for election as Directors at such meeting;\n\n\n \n\nTo recommend to the Board the Guidelines on Corporate Governance applicable to\nthe \nCorporation and any changes to those guidelines;\n\n\n \n\nTo lead the Board in its annual review of Board performance;\n\n\n \n\nTo recommend to the Board of Directors nominees for each committee of the\nBoard; and\n\n\n \n\nTo engage in succession planning activities with respect to the Chief\nExecutive Officer \nand other principal executives of the Corporation.\n\n\n \n\n# Committee Membership:\n\n\n \n\nThe Committee shall consist of at least three members, each of whom shall meet\nthe \ncriteria for independence required by The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. The\nmembers of \nthe Committee shall be appointed and may be replaced by the Board of\nDirectors.\n\n\n \n\n# Meetings:\n\n\n \n\nThe Committee shall meet at least once annually, or more frequently as\ncircumstances \ndictate. The Committee will be governed by the same rules regarding meetings,\naction \nwithout meetings, notice, waiver of notice, and quorum and voting requirements\nas are \napplicable to the Board.\n\n\n \n\n# Authority and Responsibility:\n\n\n \n\n# The Committee shall:\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Seek out candidates qualified to become Board members, who may be\nsubmitted by \nDirectors, officers, employees, shareowners and others, for consideration as a \npotential nominee to be recommended to the Board of Directors.\n\n\n2\\. In considering possible candidates for election as a Director, the\nCommittee should \nbe guided by the following principles: (a) each Director should be an\nindividual of \nthe highest character and integrity; (b) each Director should have substantial\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 143643, "type": "text", "content": "experience which is of particular relevance to the Corporation; (c) each\nDirector \nshould have sufficient time available to devote to the affairs of the\nCorporation; and \n(d) each Director should represent the best interests of the stockholders as a\nwhole \nrather than special interest groups.\n\n\n \n\n3\\. Review periodically the structure, size, composition and operation of the\nBoard of \nDirectors and each committee of the Board.\n\n\n4\\. Periodically review matters involving general operation of the Board of\nDirectors \nand corporate governance for the Corporation, and make recommendations to the \nBoard of Directors as appropriate on such matters.\n\n\n \n\n5\\. Recommend annually to the Board of Directors the Directors for appointment\nto \ncommittees of the Board.\n\n\n6\\. Receive comments from all Directors and report annually to the Board of\nDirectors \nwith an assessment of Board performance. This assessment should be of the \nBoard\u2019s contribution as a whole as well as the contribution of each Director.\n\n\n \n\n7\\. Consider questions and make recommendations to the Board regarding \ndeterminations of independence of the members of the Board.\n\n\n8\\. Oversee and review on a periodic basis the orientation program for new\nDirectors.\n\n\n \n\n9\\. Review and reassess the adequacy of the Board\u2019s Guidelines on Corporate \nGovernance and recommend any proposed changes to the Board of Directors for \napproval.\n\n\n10\\. Discuss succession planning with respect to the Chief Executive Officer\nand other \nprincipal executives of the Corporation. If the Committee determines it is\nnecessary \nand appropriate, the Committee shall develop and recommend to the Board of \nDirectors for approval a Chief Executive Officer succession plan (the\n\u201cSuccession \nPlan\u201d), and review the Succession Plan periodically with the Chief Executive \nOfficer.\n\n\n11\\. Have the sole authority to retain and terminate any search firm to be\nused to identify \npotential Director and senior executive candidates and have sole authority to \napprove the search firm\u2019s fees and other retention terms. Have authority to\nobtain \nadvice and assistance from internal or external legal, financial or other\nadvisors. \nThe Company will provide for appropriate funding, as determined by the \nCommittee, for payment of compensation to any search firm or other advisors \nemployed by the Committee.\n\n\n \n\n12\\. Make regular reports to the Board of Directors.\n\n\n \n\n13\\. Review and reassess the adequacy of this Charter annually and recommend\nany \nproposed changes to the Board of Directors for approval.\n\n\n2\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 903939, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>motioned to approve the slate of officer candidates as presented, seconded by Garner. The motion was<br>unanimously approved.</p>\n<br><h1 id='41' style='font-size:14px'>E lection of Officers</h1>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D eMauro noted a separate action was needed to elect the slate of officers. Garner motioned to elect<br>the approved slate of Board officers for a one-year term beginning this evening until the next annual<br>meeting in December 2021. The motion was seconded by Tuminello and unanimously approved.</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A pproval of Committee Appointments for the Foundation\u2019s Standing Committees</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H arn stated that each year the Board of Directors approves committee appointments for the Finance,<br>Board Development and Fundraising & Projects Committees at its Annual Meeting. Harn noted that<br>committee appointments are for a two-year term or until the term of the Board member being<br>appointed expires. She reviewed the appointment schedule for board members serving on each of the<br>three committees, noted the different consecutive term limits for each position (Chair, Vice Chair and<br>member) on each committee, and highlighted which terms are expiring this month.</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H arn stated that at the Annual Meeting, the Board also appoints members to the planning committee<br>for the native plant sale\u2019s Friday Night Pre-Sale and Reception Event. However due to the continuing<br>pandemic and associated restrictions, it was unlikely that a large-scale reception and social gathering<br>would be permissible by May 2021. The current plan is to offer three on-line native plants sales with<br>pickup events next year. Harn proposed to have the Fundraising & Projects Committee handle the<br>planning efforts for the 2021 plant sale. If the Covid-19 restrictions ease enough to a hold smaller social<br>gathering/reception, the Board could opt establish the planning committee.</p>\n<br><h1 id='46' style='font-size:14px'>H arn recommended the appointment of:</h1>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Jamie Donovan to the Finance Committee for a two-year term or until her term as a Board member<br>expires;<br>\u2022 Jamie Donovan as Chair of the Fundraising & Projects Committee for a two-year term or until her<br>term as a Board member expires;<br>\u2022 Jim Flax as the Vice Chair of the Fundraising & Projects Committee for a two-year term or until his<br>term as a Board member expires; and<br>\u2022 Donna Theimer to the Fundraising & Projects Committee for a two-year term or until her term as a<br>Board member expires.</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H arn also recommended that the Fundraising & Project Committee handle the discussions and<br>planning efforts for next year\u2019s native plant sale.</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D eMauro moved to approve the four committee appointments as recommended, and approve the<br>Fundraising & Project Committee overseeing the planning efforts for social gatherings or receptions<br>associated with the on-line plant sales until further notice. The motion was seconded by Dralle and<br>unanimously approved.</p>\n<h1 id='50' style='font-size:14px'>Approval of the 2021 Annual Work Plan</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H arn stated that there have been detailed discussions of the 2021 annual work plan at previous<br>meetings. The attached 2021 Annual Work Plan reflects Board member input, and provides the<br>Committees and the Executive Director with a road to follow and benchmarks to strive for as each<br>executes actions identified in the work plan. Harn stated that many of the 2021 work plan priorities are</p>\n<footer id='52' style='font-size:14px'>4 | P a g e</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 222017, "type": "text", "content": "5\\. To consider the extent, if any, to which the public and press are to be \nexcluded from the meeting in accordance with the Public Bodies (Admission \nto Meetings) Act 1960.\n\n\n \n\n6\\. Appointment of Deputy Town Mayor\n\n\n \n\n7\\. Election of Leader (not a legal requirement)\n\n\n \n\n8 . To consider whether to defer appointments to Committees and outside \nbodies until after the co-option process has been completed or to appoint with \nexisting Council members.\n\n\n9 . 9.1 To confirm the minutes of the Town Council meeting held on Monday 12th \nApril 2021 as a true and correct record.\n\n\n \n\n9.2 To confirm the minutes of the Extraordinary Town Council meeting held \non Tuesday 4th May 2021 as a true and correct record.\n\n\n \n\n10\\. To receive information from the Town Clerk on the following issues and \ndecide further action where necessary:\n\n\n# 10.1 Councillor training- update\n\n\n \n\n1 0.2 To receive and accept the independent internal auditor\u2019s report for \n2020-21\n\n\n1 0.3 To receive a report from the Audit Working Group meeting of 28th April \n2021 and approve the review of internal controls.\n\n\n1 0.4 To consider and complete the governance questions for the 2020-21 \nAnnual Return\n\n\n1 0.5 To receive and approve the Financial Statements for the 2020-21 \nAnnual Return\n\n\n1 0.6 To confirm that the Town Council continues to meet the criteria for\nusing \nthe General Power of Competence where necessary in carrying out its \nactivities.\n\n\n10.7 To receive an update regarding community defibrillators\n\n\n1 0.8 To receive and consider further grant applications for 2021-22 (Part B)\n\n\n \n\n11\\. To receive Minutes of the Annual Towns Meeting held on Monday 26 April \n2021 (for information)\n\n\n1 2. To confirm the minutes of the following Committee meetings as a true and \ncorrect record. \n12.1 Minutes of Charities Committee meeting held on Friday 30th April 2021\n\n\n13\\. To approve the recommendations of the following Committees:\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 56112, "type": "text", "content": "# January 5, 2021 \n1:00 pm \u2013 3:00 pm \nMeeting Summary/Minutes\n\n\n \n\n# Quorum Present? Yes\n\n\nI.WELCOME AND INTRODUCTIONS: Larry McPherson called the meeting to order at\n1:00 p.m. and \nintroductions were made.\n\n\nII. Review and approval of the agenda and past meeting minutes: After review,\nthe proposed agenda was \nunanimously approved. After review, Pat Reymann suggested a few edits for the\nminutes. Under section \nVII, the last bullet point, she suggested to insert the amount of yes and no\nvotes in the vote for Special \nRule of Order Number 2. She also asked that for the third bullet of the\nmeeting summary, to correct it to \nSpecial Rule of Order Number 2. With that, the minutes were approved with the\nedits suggested by Pat \nReymann.\n\n\nI II. Council co-chair update: Cree Gordon mentioned that the committee will\nfinish the by-laws review \ntoday. The council will receive the proposed changes in the meeting email\ntoday and vote on the \nproposed changes at the February meeting.\n\n\nIV. Committee Reports:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Membership & Training Committee: Tyrie Stanley provided the update on behalf\nof the \nMembership and Training Committee. He reported that for the month of December\nthe \nMembership and Training Committee reviewed applications for membership and\nconducted \ninterviews to fill council vacancies.\n\n\n\u2022 Needs Assessment & Evaluation Committee: Committee did not meet, and no\nupdate was \nprovided.\n\n\n\u2022 Planning & Allocations Committee: Committee did not meet, and no update was\nprovided.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2957974, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>for a similar t increase 2022-2025. Insurance increased this year by $33K, this is $10/month for<br>each 282 owners. We are anticipating it will be a similar increase next year due to the fires, covid-<br>19, etc. The Committee anticipates water and storm sewer to continue increasing and adjusted the<br>2022 \u2013 2025 budgets accordingly.<br>Ponds: The Finance and LRP are addressing what to do and how to afford the problems<br>associated with ponds working with liners that are 45 years old, which normally have a 25 year life<br>span; The crew has been able to repair and maintain the outer edges of the ponds historically with<br>reasonably inexpensive repairs of approximately $10K. However, if any major breaks occur at the<br>bottom of a pond then this entitles draining, cleaning, and re-lining. Five years ago, after much<br>research a pond restoration was needed, and a polyurethane liner was installed with success. The<br>Committees agreed to repair the 10 remaining ponds and have a received a $411K proposal +<br>$10K cleaning fee for 10 ponds. The plan was to spread it over for 20 years. Currently two ponds<br>are in need for repair and losing water. The Committees recommend we move forward to repair<br>them in 2021 at $84K with an assessment of $300/unit. This speeds up those repairs, lowers future<br>needs and saves water.<br>Painting: The Committees are assessing the best way to maintain the integrity of the siding/trim of<br>each unit and will revise the paint cycle to evaluate every 7 years and paint & trim every 8 years.<br>The power washing only was not an effective solution.<br>Asphalt repairs: The streets\u2019 surface may look okay but the subgrade has been evaluated by<br>professionals. About 30% are so bad they need to be replaced and the remainder may need just a<br>milling overlay. We have an estimate from $1.2M to $1.5M. depending on the extent of the repair<br>required. There is no recommendation for any repairs to take place in 2021 other than planning<br>and getting firm one or both repair/replace scenarios to take place starting in 2023. Assessments<br>are proposed to start in 2022.Discussions are ongoing of when to start and how much of an<br>assessment is required.<br>A motion (Weber/Branish) to approve the distribution of the proposed 2021 Budget to the<br>Homeowners passed with no opposition. Mr. Cowan will be sending the budget and 5-year plan to<br>homeowners with Notice to Consider the Budget at the November and December meetings.</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Long Range Planning Committee: Mr. Weber had nothing to report, since Mr. Cowan covered<br>major points from his presentation.</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Architectural Review Committee: Mr. Kiner mentioned the committee approved 6 requests and 3<br>are still pending. Mr. Kiner expressed gratitude for Debbie and the Grounds Committee for<br>expediting the transplanting of plants from around ponds to other areas in the community.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Safety Advisory Committee: Mr. Kiner reported the police were contacted of the homeless<br>sightings in the park area and they were removed. Mr. Kiner will be providing more anti-theft<br>license plate screws soon, please contact him if interested.</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Insurance Committee: Mr. Branish reported no outstanding claims. The current property policies<br>are posted on the website</p>\n<p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Education Committee: Mr. Bulkley reported the Education meeting (via Zoom) was held on<br>October 7, 2020 which was well attended with approximately 14 owners. The video of the meeting<br>is posted on the website (www.sbhoa.org) if any new or existing owners want to view.</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Communications Committee: Any articles for the November/December newsletter should be<br>submitted by October 30, 2020.</p>\n<h1 id='67' style='font-size:14px'>New Business:</h1>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Annual Meeting: Mr. Trout mentioned the Annual Meeting will be on January 27, 2021. The office<br>has yet to hear back from Denver Public Schools to reserve the Samuels Elementary Auditorium,<br>therefore the meeting will be held via Zoom. A motion (Weber/Kiner) to authorize the $400 fee for<br>our HOA attorney to prepare a virtual meeting policy passed unanimously.<br>Holiday Fund Letter: Mr. Cowan will prepare the Holiday Fund letter and Ms. Shanks has<br>volunteered to handle the funds to distribute to the crew.<br>Clubhouse Status to reopen for events: due to the rising Covid-19 cases and current regulations<br>in place from the City of Denver the Board opposes opening the clubhouse for any events to take<br>place.</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I-25 Belleview & Union exit proposals: Mr. Klatskin and Mr. Kappus attended the October 7<br>meeting. Mr. Klatskin reported CDOT will be making a recommendation for either the Belleview<br>interchange or the Union interchange along I-25 improvements at the same cost of $105M each.<br>Once a final approved list is available then that is when it is placed out for bids (approx. 5-10yrs).<br>The consensus of owners and our District Councilwoman, Kendra Black, is not in favor of the<br>Union/I-25 interchange.</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Adjournment: At 8:01 p.m., there being no further business, a motion (Kiner/Cowan) to adjourn</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 299976, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='16' style='font-size:20px'>Discussion</h1>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The committee is updating its schedule for Service Standards review and<br>updating, since you will have time to deal with 3 additional service categories this<br>program year. Here are your options:</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25aa The PC recently approved a directive and substantially increased the allocation<br>for one service category that had its Service Standards updated 5 years ago,<br>because the EMA will be supporting a new service model to improve retention<br>and viral suppression for young Latino MSM; the new model is not really<br>permissible under the current Service Standards.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25aa DHSP plans to recompete two service categories this year that both DHSP and<br>the Commission feel need Service Standards reviews based on needs<br>assessment and quality assurance data.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25aa You have 4 funded service categories that have not been updated for 10 years<br>or more, though 2 of them have very small allocations.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>What should be added to your \u201cto do\u201d list? How should you decide?</p>\n<br><footer id='22' style='font-size:14px'>10</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 723301, "type": "text", "content": "5\\. Formulate and recommend to the Board a policy regarding the consideration\nof nominees \nfor election to the Board who are recommended by stockholders, including the \nprocedures for the submission of stockholder nominations; review such policies\nand \nrecommend changes to the Board.\n\n\n \n\n6\\. Develop and review the criteria for selecting committee members and Board\nmembers, \nincluding standards of independence.\n\n\n \n\n7\\. Identify individuals believed to be qualified to become Board members,\ncommittee \nmembers and Chairmen of the Board and committees, and recommend to the Board\nthe \nnominees to stand for election as directors at the annual meeting of\nstockholders or, if \napplicable, at a special meeting of stockholders. In the case of a vacancy in\nthe office of a \ndirector (including a vacancy created by an increase in the size of the\nBoard), the \nCommittee shall recommend to the Board an individual to fill such vacancy\neither \nthrough appointment by the Board or through election by stockholders. In\nnominating \ncandidates, the Committee shall take into consideration such factors as it\ndeems \nappropriate. These factors may include judgment, skill, diversity, education,\nexperience \nwith businesses and other organizations of comparable size and in comparable\nindustries, \nthe interplay of the candidate\u2019s experience with the experience of other Board\nor \ncommittee members, the extent to which the candidate would be a desirable\naddition to \nthe Board or any committees of the Board, and the candidate\u2019s availability to\ncommit the \ntime necessary to serve on the Board.\n\n\n \n\nNotwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company is legally required by contract\nor \notherwise to permit a third party to designate one or more of the members of\nthe Board or \nany Board committee, then the nomination or appointment of such members shall\nbe \ngoverned by such requirements.\n\n\n \n\n8\\. Conduct all necessary and appropriate inquiries into the backgrounds and\nqualifications \nof possible candidates.\n\n\n9\\. Review the suitability of each Board member and committee member for\ncontinued \nservice when his or her term expires and when he or she has a significant\nchange in \nstatus.\n\n\n \n\n10\\. Take such steps as the Committee deems necessary or appropriate with\nrespect to the \noversight of the evaluation of the Board and each Board committee.\n\n\n \n\n# Corporate Governance\n\n\n \n\n11\\. Develop and recommend to the Board a set of corporate governance\nprinciples applicable \nto the Company; review the corporate governance principles at least once a\nyear and \nrecommend changes to the Board; and undertake such action as is delegated to\nthe \nCommittee under such corporate governance principles.\n\n\n \n\n12\\. Monitor compliance with corporate governance guidelines.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 903932, "type": "text", "content": "motioned to approve the slate of officer candidates as presented, seconded by\nGarner. The motion was \nunanimously approved.\n\n\n \n\n# E lection of Officers\n\n\n \n\nD eMauro noted a separate action was needed to elect the slate of officers.\nGarner motioned to elect \nthe approved slate of Board officers for a one-year term beginning this\nevening until the next annual \nmeeting in December 2021. The motion was seconded by Tuminello and unanimously\napproved.\n\n\n \n\nA pproval of Committee Appointments for the Foundation\u2019s Standing Committees\n\n\n \n\nH arn stated that each year the Board of Directors approves committee\nappointments for the Finance, \nBoard Development and Fundraising & Projects Committees at its Annual Meeting.\nHarn noted that \ncommittee appointments are for a two-year term or until the term of the Board\nmember being \nappointed expires. She reviewed the appointment schedule for board members\nserving on each of the \nthree committees, noted the different consecutive term limits for each\nposition (Chair, Vice Chair and \nmember) on each committee, and highlighted which terms are expiring this\nmonth.\n\n\n \n\nH arn stated that at the Annual Meeting, the Board also appoints members to\nthe planning committee \nfor the native plant sale\u2019s Friday Night Pre-Sale and Reception Event. However\ndue to the continuing \npandemic and associated restrictions, it was unlikely that a large-scale\nreception and social gathering \nwould be permissible by May 2021. The current plan is to offer three on-line\nnative plants sales with \npickup events next year. Harn proposed to have the Fundraising & Projects\nCommittee handle the \nplanning efforts for the 2021 plant sale. If the Covid-19 restrictions ease\nenough to a hold smaller social \ngathering/reception, the Board could opt establish the planning committee.\n\n\n \n\n# H arn recommended the appointment of:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Jamie Donovan to the Finance Committee for a two-year term or until her term\nas a Board member \nexpires; \n\u2022 Jamie Donovan as Chair of the Fundraising & Projects Committee for a two-\nyear term or until her \nterm as a Board member expires; \n\u2022 Jim Flax as the Vice Chair of the Fundraising & Projects Committee for a\ntwo-year term or until his \nterm as a Board member expires; and \n\u2022 Donna Theimer to the Fundraising & Projects Committee for a two-year term or\nuntil her term as a \nBoard member expires.\n\n\n \n\nH arn also recommended that the Fundraising & Project Committee handle the\ndiscussions and \nplanning efforts for next year\u2019s native plant sale.\n\n\n \n\nD eMauro moved to approve the four committee appointments as recommended, and\napprove the \nFundraising & Project Committee overseeing the planning efforts for social\ngatherings or receptions \nassociated with the on-line plant sales until further notice. The motion was\nseconded by Dralle and \nunanimously approved.\n\n\n# Approval of the 2021 Annual Work Plan\n\n\n \n\nH arn stated that there have been detailed discussions of the 2021 annual work\nplan at previous \nmeetings. The attached 2021 Annual Work Plan reflects Board member input, and\nprovides the \nCommittees and the Executive Director with a road to follow and benchmarks to\nstrive for as each \nexecutes actions identified in the work plan. Harn stated that many of the\n2021 work plan priorities are\n\n\n4 | P a g e\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Imagine the committee needs to prepare for a special review meeting after the 10th annual meeting from adoption. Considering the time since adoption, how should they allocate remaining tasks if they also need to address an increased pool of candidates by 25%, initially unsuccessful in independence criteria by 20%, focusing on a solution by the next election cycle a year away?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 774, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 217548, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='17' style='font-size:16px'>r Wang et al. r</header>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Amaral LA, Scala A, Barthelemy M, Stanley HE (2000): Classes of<br>small-world networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:11149\u2013<br>11152.<br>Ashburner J, Friston KJ (1999): Nonlinear spatial normalization<br>using basis functions. Hum Brain Mapp 7:254\u2013266.<br>Bartolomei F, Bosma I, Klein M, Baayen JC, Reijneveld JC, Postma<br>TJ, Heimans JJ, van Dijk BW, de Munck JC, de Jongh A, Cover<br>KS, Stam CJ (2006): Disturbed functional connectivity in brain<br>tumour patients: evaluation by graph analysis of synchroniza-<br>tion matrices. Clin Neurophysiol 117:2039\u20132049.<br>Bassett DS, Bullmore E (2006): Small-world brain networks. Neu-<br>roscientist 12:512\u2013523.<br>Bassett DS, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Achard S, Duke T, Bullmore E<br>(2006): Adaptive recon\ufb01guration of fractal small-world human<br>brain functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:19518\u2013<br>19523.<br>Biswal B, Yetkin FZ, Haughton VM, Hyde JS (1995): Functional<br>connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using<br>echo-planar MRI. Magn Reson Med 34:537\u2013541.<br>Boccaletti S, Latora V, Moreno Y, Chavez M, Hwang DU (2006):<br>Complex networks: Structure and dynamics. Phys Rep<br>424:175\u2013308.<br>Chen ZJ, He Y, Rosa-Neto P, Germann J, Evans AC: Revealing<br>modular architecture of human brain structural networks by<br>using cortical thickness from MRI. Cereb Cortex (in press).<br>Collins DL, Holmes CJ, Peters TM, Evans AC (1995): Automatic 3-<br>D model-based neuroanatomical segmentation. Hum Brain<br>Mapp 3:190\u2013208.<br>De Vico Fallani F, Astol\ufb01 L, Cincotti F, Mattia D, Marciani MG,<br>Salinari S, Kurths J, Gao S, Cichocki A, Colosimo A, Babiloni F<br>(2007): Cortical functional connectivity networks in normal and<br>spinal cord injured patients: Evaluation by graph analysis.<br>Hum Brain Mapp 28:1334\u20131346.<br>Eguiluz VM, Chialvo DR, Cecchi GA, Baliki M, Apkarian AV<br>(2005): Scale-free brain functional networks. Phys Rev Lett<br>94:018102.<br>Ferri R, Rundo F, Bruni O, Terzano MG, Stam CJ (2007): Small-<br>world network organization of functional connectivity of EEG<br>slow-wave activity during sleep. Clin Neurophysiol 118:449\u2013456.<br>Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Corbetta M, Van Essen DC,<br>Raichle ME (2005): The human brain is intrinsically organized<br>into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc Natl<br>Acad Sci USA 102:9673\u20139678.<br>Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Raichle ME (2007): Intrinsic \ufb02uc-<br>tuations within cortical systems account for intertrial variability<br>in human behavior. Neuron 56:171\u2013184.<br>Friston KJ, Frith CD, Liddle PF, Frackowiak RS (1993): Functional<br>connectivity: The principal-component analysis of large (PET)<br>data sets. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 13:5\u201314.<br>Friston KJ, Frith CD, Frackowiak RS, Turner R (1995): Characteriz-<br>ing dynamic brain responses with fMRI: A multivariate<br>approach. Neuroimage 2:166\u2013172.<br>Hagmann P, Kurant M, Gigandet X, Thiran P, Wedeen VJ, Meuli<br>R, Thiran JP (2007): Mapping human whole-brain structural<br>networks with diffusion MRI. PLoS ONE 2:e597.<br>He Y, Chen ZJ, Evans AC (2007): Small-world anatomical net-<br>works in the human brain revealed by cortical thickness from<br>MRI. Cereb Cortex 17:2407\u20132419.<br>He Y, Chen ZJ, Evans AC (2008): Structural insights into aberrant<br>topological patterns of large-scale cortical networks in Alzhei-<br>mer\u2019s disease. J Neurosci 28:4756\u20134766.<br>Iturria-Medina Y, Sotero RC, Canales-Rodriguez EJ, Aleman-<br>Gomez Y, Melie-Garcia L (2008): Studying the human brain an-</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>atomical network via diffusion-weighted MRI and graph<br>theory. NeuroImage 40:1064\u20131076.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217546, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The small-world brain functional networks have been<br>found to have different connectivity degree distribution.<br>For example, Eguiluz et al. (2005) found that human brain<br>functional networks derived from experimentally activated<br>fMRI data at a mesoscale (voxel level) had a scale-free (i.e.,<br>power law) degree distribution, while studies from Achard<br>et al. (2006) and Wang et al. (in press) showed that func-<br>tional networks of the human brain derived from resting-<br>state fMRI data at a macroscale (regional level) followed<br>an exponentially truncated power law distribution. This<br>discrepancy of degree distribution may be associated with<br>the spatial scale at which the functional networks were<br>constructed. Here, at macroscale, we also demonstrated an<br>exponentially truncated power law distribution for the two<br>groups of brain functional networks that are in accordance<br>with previous functional brain network studies (Achard<br>and Bullmore, 2007; Wang et al., in press). The exponen-<br>tially truncated power law degree distribution implied that<br>the functional brain networks permitted the existence of<br>some core regions but prevented the emergence of huge<br>hubs with a large number of edges. Compared with a<br>scale-free network, an exponentially truncated power law<br>distribution network conferred distinctive advantages in<br>the light of robustness to both random elimination of<br>nodes (brain regions) and selective attack on hubs (Achard<br>et al., 2006; Albert et al., 2000). Hence, we inferred that<br>this robustness facilitated the ability of brain to withstand<br>the regional lesions of network functionality in the face of<br>developmental aberration or disease (Achard et al., 2006).<br>The appearance of such network structure may be attrib-<br>uted to the physical constraints on the brain network<br>growing process such as aging of the brain regions and<br>cost of adding connections to the regions (Albert and Bara-<br>basi, 2002; Amaral et al., 2000). However, we did observed<br>signi\ufb01cant differences or trends in the \ufb01tting components<br>a and kc (see Fig. 4) between the two groups. The compo-<br>nent a re\ufb02ects the extent of node degrees distribution<br>within a network and kc is a critical value. The differences<br>in the degree \ufb01tting parameters suggest that brain parcella-<br>tion schemes have wide in\ufb02uences on the network topol-<br>ogy, such as the distribution of core nodes.</p>\n<p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The Relation Between Nodal Properties<br>and Regional Size</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Recently, Salvador et al. (2008) showed that regional vol-<br>ume had a positive correlation with its mutual information<br>(MI) that measured the functional connectivity between<br>the region and the rest brain regions. In the present study,<br>we noted that, for the AAL atlas, knodal and Enodal were<br>positively correlated with the regional size at several<br>threshold levels, which is in accordance with the previous</p>\n<footer id='116' style='font-size:14px'>r 1520 r</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 919511, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sporns O. 2002. Graph theory methods for the analysis of neural con-<br>nectivity patterns. In: K\u00f6tter R, editor. Neuroscience databases: a<br>practical guide. Dordrecht (the Netherlands): Kl\u00fcwer.</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>Sporns O, K\u00f6tter R. 2004. Motifs in brain networks. PLoS Biol 2:e369.<br>Suharitdamrong W, Chaovalitwongse A, Pardalos PM. 2006. Graph<br>theory-based data mining techniques to study similarity of epilep-<br>tic brain network. Proceedings of the DIMACS Workshop on Data<br>Mining, Systems Analysis, and Optimization in Neuroscience;<br>2006 Feb 15\u201317; Gainesville, FL.</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sun FT, Miller LM, D\u2019Esposito M. 2004. Measuring interregional<br>functional connectivity using coherence and partial coherence<br>analyses of fMRI data. Neuroimage 21:647\u201358.<br>Talairach J, Tournaux P. 1988. Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the<br>human brain. New York: Thieme.<br>Uttal WR. 2001. The new phrenology: the limits of localizing cogni-<br>tive processes in the brain. Cambridge (MA): MIT Press.<br>Wilson M. 2001. The case for sensorimotor coding in working mem-</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ory. Psychon Bull Rev 8:44\u201357.</p>\n<footer id='96' style='font-size:14px'>Volume 13, Number 1, 2007</footer>\n<br><footer id='97' style='font-size:14px'>THE NEUROSCIENTIST 9</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 679728, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Using MRtrix3 software, the connectomes were generated while considering all possible</p>\n<header id='72' style='font-size:16px'>2 schematically 487<br>Figure 2019, 8,<br>J. Clin. Med.</header>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>connecting streamlines between each pairs of nodes. Connectomes were generated using streamline</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>count as the weighting factor.</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>represents the overall analysis procedure.</p>\n<br><header id='76' style='font-size:14px'>7 of 24</header>\n<figure><img id='77' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"MRI acquisition\nT1-weighted DTI\nStructural data processing\nBBR\nCo-Registration\nSkull removal and Freesurfer\ncorrection parcellation\nDiffusion data processing\nCSD FOS estimation SIFT Tractography\nConnectome estimation\nGlobal and local\nconnectivity measures\" data-coord=\"top-left:(253,178); bottom-right:(968,1232)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='78' style='font-size:18px'>Figure 2. Overall schematic representation of the construction of the structural brain networks.<br>BBR: Boundary-Based Registration; CSD: constrained spherical deconvolution; FOD: \ufb01ber orientation<br>Figure 2. Overall schematic representation of the construction of the structural brain networks. BBR:<br>distribution; SIFT: spherical-deconvolution informed \ufb01ltering of tractograms.<br>Boundary-Based Registration; CSD: constrained spherical deconvolution; FOD: fiber orientation</caption>\n<br><h1 id='79' style='font-size:20px'>Graph Analysis of Connectomes<br>2.6. distribution; SIFT: spherical-deconvolution</h1>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>informed filtering of tractograms.</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>graph theory approach was used to analyze connectome. First, a group threshold of 60% was<br>The Analysis of Connectomes<br>2.6. Graph<br>applied to connectomes in order to eliminate false positive and false negatives [79]. The threshold was<br>The graph theory approach was used to analyze connectome. First, a group threshold of 60%<br>separately applied for the group of fathers and the group of children.</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>was applied to connectomes in order to eliminate false positive and false negatives [79]. The threshold<br>The Brain Connectivity Toolbox [80], as well as homemade Matlab scripts, were then used<br>was separately applied for the group of fathers and the group of children.<br>to perform the analyses. Global measures (network-level) and local measures (node-level) were<br>calculated for each connectome. The global measures computed were the global e\ufb03ciency (EG) [81],<br>the transitivity (T) [82], and the characteristic path length [83]. In addition, Small-World Propensity<br>(SWP), a measure to evaluate small-world characteristics in weighted neural networks [84], was</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3320308, "type": "text", "content": "# ARTICLE\n\n\n \nNATURE COMMUNICATIONS | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9414\n\n\nnetworks. Our choice to focus on control strategies leads to a \nthird important distinction between the two approaches. Namely, \nthat the results presented in ref. 56 are generic in the sense that \nthey hold for almost every choice of network parameters57 but \nthey may fail to hold if certain symmetries or constraints are \npresent (58, Section 15). In contrast, the three control strategies \nutilized here depend strongly on the properties of the network \nunder study and are therefore sensitive to biologically relevant \ninformation.\n\n\n \n\nFinally, we have focused on examining the controllability of \nsingle brain areas and reported salient relationships with \ncognitive control systems. However, future work may provide \nadditional insights by studying controllability of sets of brain \nregions and their relationships to cognitive processes de\ufb01ned \nmore broadly.\n\n\n \n\nIn conclusion, a fundamental understanding of the principles \nby which the brain transitions between diverse cognitive states \nenabling behaviour would necessarily have far-reaching implica- \ntions for basic cognitive neuroscience and applications in myriad \nclinical domains4. Our results suggest that macroscale structural \ndesign could underlie basic cognitive control processes via the \nfundamental mechanism of network controllability. These \n\ufb01ndings lay the groundwork for future studies examining \nrelationships between individual differences in network \ncontrollability diagnostics and behavioural, cognitive, clinical \nand genetic variables.\n\n\n# Methods\n\n\n \n\nHuman DSI data acquisition and preprocessing. DSIs were acquired for a total \nof eight subjects in triplicate (mean age 27\u00b15 years, two female, two left\nhanded) \nalong with a T1-weighted anatomical scan at each scanning session54. DSI scans \nsampled 257 directions using a Q5 half-shell acquisition scheme with a maximum \nb-value of 5,000 and an isotropic voxel size of 2.4 mm. We utilized an axial \nacquisition with the following parameters: repetition time (TR) \u00bc 11.4 s, echo\ntime \n(TE) \u00bc 138 ms, 51 slices, \ufb01eld of view (FoV) (231,231,123 mm). All\nparticipants \nvolunteered with informed consent in accordance with the Institutional Review \nBoard/Human Subjects Committee, University of California, Santa Barbara.\n\n\n \n\nDSI data were reconstructed in DSI Studio (www.dsi-studio.labsolver.org) using \nq-space diffeomorphic reconstruction (QSDR)53. QSDR \ufb01rst reconstructs \ndiffusion-weighted images in native space and computes the quantitative \nanisotropy (QA) in each voxel. These QA values are used to warp the brain to a \ntemplate QA volume in Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space using the \nstatistical parametric mapping (SPM) nonlinear registration algorithm. Once in \nMNI space, spin density functions were again reconstructed with a mean\ndiffusion \ndistance of 1.25 mm using three \ufb01bre orientations per voxel. Fibre tracking\nwas \nperformed in DSI studio with an angular cutoff of 55(cid:2), step size of 1.0\nmm, \nminimum length of 10 mm, spin density function smoothing of 0.0, maximum \nlength of 400 mm and a QA threshold determined by DWI signal in the colony- \nstimulating factor. Deterministic \ufb01bre tracking using a modi\ufb01ed FACT algorithm \nwas performed until 100,000 streamlines were reconstructed for each\nindividual.\n\n\n \n\nAnatomical scans were segmented using FreeSurfer59 and parcellated according \nto the Lausanne 2008 atlas included in the connectome mapping toolkit12. \nA parcellation scheme including 234 regions was registered to the B0 volume\nfrom \neach subject\u2019s DSI data. The B0 to MNI voxel mapping produced via QSDR was \nused to map region labels from native space to MNI coordinates. To extend\nregion \nlabels through the grey\u2013white matter interface, the atlas was dilated by 4 mm. \nDilation was accomplished by \ufb01lling non-labelled voxels with the statistical\nmode \nof their neighbours\u2019 labels. In the event of a tie, one of the modes was\narbitrarily \nselected. Each streamline was labelled according to its terminal region pair.\n\n\nHuman DTI data acquisition and preprocessing. To complement the main \nanalysis on DSI data acquired in triplicate from eight healthy human subjects,\nwe \nalso analysed DTI data from a separate set of 85 healthy human adult\nsubjects14,15: \nmean age 34.96, s.d. 49.45; 3 female, 82 males; all right-handed. None of the \nsubjects were colour blind. Informed written consent was obtained from each \nsubject before the experimental sessions. All procedures were approved by the \nUniversity of California, Santa Barbara Human Subjects Committee.\n\n\n \n\nAll scans were acquired at 3 T with a Siemens Tim Trio MRI scanner with a \n12-channel-phased array head coil using an echo-planar diffusion-weighted \ntechnique acquired with iPAT and an acceleration factor of 2. The timing \nparameters of the pulse sequence were TE/TR \u00bc 94/8,400 ms, 30 diffusion \ndirections with a maximal b-value of 1,000 s mm (cid:3) 2 and two averages.\nTwo b0 \nimages were acquired. The matrix size was 128 (cid:2) 128 and the slice number\nwas 60. \nThe \ufb01eld of view was 230 (cid:2) 230 mm2 and the slice thickness 2 mm.\nAcquisition\n\n\n \n\ntime was 9:08 min per DTI scan. In addition to diffusion scans, a three-\ndimensional \n(3D) high-resolution T1-weighted sagittal sequence image of the whole brain\nwas \nobtained by a magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo sequence \nwith the following parameters: TR \u00bc 15.0 ms; TE \u00bc 4.2 ms; \ufb02ip angle \u00bc 9\ndegrees, \n3D acquisition, FOV \u00bc 256 mm; slice thickness \u00bc 0.89 mm, matrix \u00bc 256 (cid:2)\n256.\n\n\n \n\nFollowing prior work14,15,60, motion artefact and image distortions caused by \neddy currents were corrected by using NIfTI Tools to open each DTI data set\nand \nperform an af\ufb01ne alignment (12 degrees of freedom) of each diffusion-weighted \nimage to the b0 image via the FLIRT function in FMRIB software library (FSL).\nIn \nthe current study, we did not correct for echo planar imaging (EPI)\ndistortions. In \nthis Siemens scanner, the geometric distortion for diffusion imaging from EPI\nwas \nfound in prior tests to be less than 2 mm (that is, less than a single voxel)\nand \nmainly along the anterior posterior (phase-encoding) direction. Because the \nresolution of the diffusion images was larger than the magnitude of the\ndistortion, \nno correction was required.\n\n\n \n\nAs with the DSI data, anatomical scans were segmented using FreeSurfer59 and \nparcellated according to the Lausanne 2008 atlas included in the connectome \nmapping toolkit12. A parcellation scheme including 234 regions was registered\nto \nthe b0 volume from each subject\u2019s DTI data. Tractography was performed in DSI \nstudio, and the number of streamlines connecting each pair of regions was used\nto \nweight the edge connecting those regions.\n\n\nMacaque tract tracing data. To address the question of whether the\nrelationship \nbetween controllability diagnostics and network topology (as measured by \nweighted degree) was conserved in non-human primates, we used a data set drawn \nfrom CoCoMac (ref. 16) that delineated 2,402 projections between 95 cortical\nand \nsubcortical areas17. These connectivity data were on the basis of three\nextensive \nneuroanatomical compilations that collectively cover large parts of the\ncerebral \ncortex. Although these data may be partially incomplete, particularly for \nconnections of motor, auditory and somatosensory areas17, they represent an \nextensive effort in tract tracing, and therefore have been used extensively in\nstudies \nof primate connectivity17. The CoCoMac database contains information on\nstudies \nthat report the source and target site of tracer injections, thereby\nspecifying the \nspeci\ufb01c presence or absence of anatomical projections between brain regions.\n\n\nNetwork control theory. Our understanding of natural systems is intimately \nrelated to our ability to control them. Network control theory is a branch of \ntraditional control theory in engineering that addresses the question of how\nto \ncontrol a system whose components are linked in a web of interconnections;\nhere \nthe term control indicates perturbing a system to reach a desired state.\nAnswering \nthis question requires (i) knowledge regarding the network connectivity\nlinking \nsystem components and (ii) knowledge regarding how system components act, that \nis, their dynamics. In turn, the theory provides predictions regarding the\nsystem\u2019s \nfunction. Critically, in contrast to traditional graph theory that provides\ndescriptive \nstatistics of network structure, network control theory offers mechanistic\npredictors \nof network dynamics. The ability to probe mechanistic predictors of brain\nfunction \nis the key to move efforts in the human connectome towards an understanding of \nhuman cognition.\n\n\n \n\nMathematically speaking, we can study the controllability of a network system \nby de\ufb01ning a network represented by the graph G \u00bc \u00f0 V; E \u00de, where V and E are\nthe \nvertex and edge sets, respectively. Let aij be the weight associated with the\nedge \n\u00f0 i; j \u00de 2 E and de\ufb01ne the weighted adjacency matrix of G as A \u00bc [aij], where\naij \u00bc \nwhenever \u00f0 i; j \u00de=2E. Associate a real value (state) with each node, collect\nthe nodes\u2019 \nstates into a vector (network state) and de\ufb01ne the map x : N(cid:4)0 ! Rn to\ndescribe \nthe evolution (network dynamics) of the network state over time. Given the \nnetwork and its dynamics, we can use network control theory to quantitatively \nexamine how the network structure constrains the types of control that nodes \ncan exert.\n\n\n \n\nHere we are interested in applying the network control theory to the human\nbrain. \nAs a quintessentially complex biological system, the human brain offers\nseveral \ncontexts in which to think about the notion of \u2018control\u2019: both as a system\nthat \nimplements control and a system to be controlled. For example, control can be \nthought of as (i) the change in regional BOLD activity produced in response to \nneurofeedback in real-time fMRI, (ii) the change in regional neural activity\nelicited by \nexternal stimuli or (iii) the change in regional neural activity provoked by\nnon- \ninvasive brain stimulation. Each of these mechanisms initially alters the\ndynamics of \nsingle brain regions but can have consequences for the activity and function\nof \ndistributed networks. Importantly, this notion of control is based on a very\ndetailed \nmathematical construct and is therefore necessarily quite distinct from the\ncognitive \nneuroscientist\u2019s common notion of \u2018cognitive control\u2019 and the distributed sets\nof brain \nregions implicated in its performance2. To minimize obfuscation, we henceforth\nrefer \nto these two notions as \u2018network control\u2019 and \u2018cognitive control\u2019,\nrespectively.\n\n\n \n\n0\n\n\nDynamic model of neural processes. To apply network control theory to the \nhuman brain, we must de\ufb01ne a structural brain network and a model for the \ndynamics of neural processes. We de\ufb01ne both based on prior work in human\nsystems \nneuroscience. We de\ufb01ne structural brain networks by subdividing the entire\nbrain \ninto anatomically distinct brain areas (network nodes), over \ufb01ve levels of\nspatial \nresolution from 83 regions to greater than 1,000 regions61. Consistent with\nprior\n\n\n8\n\n\n \nNATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 6:8414 | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9414 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications\n\n\n \n& 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3320327, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Boundary controllability. Boundary controllability measures the ability of a set of<br>control nodes to decouple the trajectories of disjoint brain regions. To evaluate the<br>boundary controllability of different brain regions, we proceed as follows. First, we<br>compute a robust partition of the brain network as described in ref. 67, and we<br>identify the set of N1 boundary nodes. We assign to these boundary nodes the<br>boundary controllability value of 1. Second, following ref. 13, we determine the two<br>partitions of the least controllable subnetwork from its Fiedler eigenvector, and we<br>identify the additional boundary nodes. We assign to these boundary nodes the<br>boundary controllability value of (N (cid:3) N1)/N. Finally, we iterate this process until<br>all nodes have been assigned a boundary controllability value.</p>\n<br><p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Average, modal and boundary controllability each provide a scalar value for<br>each brain region. To enable direct comparison between controllability diagnostics<br>and across different subjects, we perform ranking and normalization steps. In<br>particular, for each of the controllability diagnostics we (i) rank the scalar values for<br>each subject and (ii) average the ranked values across the subjects. Code is available<br>on request.</p>\n<p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>References</p>\n<br><p id='134' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00f02\u00de</p>\n<br><p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1. Botvinick, M. M. & Cohen, J. D. The computational and neural basis of</p>\n<p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Average controllability. Average controllability of a network equals the average<br>input energy from a set of control nodes and over all possible target states64,65. As a<br>(cid:2) (cid:3) 1 (cid:3), the trace of the<br>known result, average input energy is proportional to Trace W K<br>inverse of the controllability Gramian. Instead, we adopt Trace(WK) as a measure<br>(cid:2) (cid:3) 1 (cid:3)<br>of average controllability for two main reasons: \ufb01rst, Trace W K and Trace(WK)<br>satisfy a relation of inverse proportionality (see Supplementary Methods), so that<br>the information obtained from the two metrices are correlated with one another<br>and, second, WK is typically very ill-conditioned (see paragraph \u2018Global<br>(cid:2) (cid:3) 1 (cid:3)<br>Controllability\u2019) even for coarse network resolutions, so that Trace W K cannot<br>be accurately computed even for small brain networks. It should be noted that</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>cognitive control: charted territory and new frontiers. Cogn. Sci. 38, 1249\u20131285<br>(2014).<br>2. Power, J. D., Schlaggar, B. L., Lessov-Schlaggar, C. N. & Petersen, S. E. Evidence<br>for hubs in human functional brain networks. Neuron 79, 798\u2013813 (2013).<br>3. Corbetta, M. & Shulman, G. L. Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven<br>attention in the brain. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3, 201\u2013215 (2002).<br>4. Cocchi, L., Zalesky, A., Fornito, A. & Mattingley, J. B. Dynamic cooperation<br>and competition between brain systems during cognitive control. Trends Cogn.<br>Sci. 17, 493\u2013501 (2013).<br>5. Bullmore, E. & Sporns, O. Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis<br>of structural and functional systems. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 10, 186\u2013198 (2009).<br>6. Cao, M. et al. Topological organization of the human brain functional<br>connectome across the lifespan. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci. 7, 76\u201393 (2014).<br>7. Bassett, D. S. & Bullmore, E. T. Human brain networks in health and disease.<br>Curr. Opin. Neurol. 22, 340\u2013347 (2009).<br>8. Weiss, S. A. et al. Functional brain network characterization and adaptivity<br>during task practice in healthy volunteers and people with schizophrenia.<br>Front. Hum. Neurosci. 5, 81 (2011).<br>9. Ruiz, S., Buyukturkoglu, K., Rana, M., Birbaumer, N. & Sitaram, R. Real-time<br>fMRI brain computer interfaces: self-regulation of single brain regions to<br>networks. Biol. Psychol. 95, 4\u201320 (2014).<br>10. Fox, M. D., Halko, M. A., Eldaief, M. C. & Pascual-Leone, A. Measuring and<br>manipulating brain connectivity with resting state functional connectivity<br>magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation<br>(TMS). Neuroimage 62, 2232\u20132243 (2012).<br>11. Power, J. D. et al. Functional network organization of the human brain. Neuron<br>72, 665\u2013678 (2011).<br>12. Hagmann, P. et al. Mapping the structural core of human cerebral cortex. PLoS<br>Biol. 6, e159 (2008).<br>13. Pasqualetti, F., Zampieri, S. & Bullo, F. Controllability metrics, limitations and<br>algorithms for complex networks. IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst. 1, 40\u201352<br>(2014).<br>14. Hermundstad, A. M. et al. Structural foundations of resting-state and<br>task-based functional connectivity in the human brain. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.<br>USA 110, 6169\u20136174 (2013).<br>15. Hermundstad, A. M. et al. Structurally-constrained relationships between<br>cognitive states in the human brain. PLoS Comput. Biol. 10, e1003591 (2014).<br>16. Kotter, R. Online retrieval, processing, and visualization of primate connectivity<br>data from the CoCoMac database. Neuroinformatics 2, 127\u2013144 (2004).<br>17. Kaiser, M. & Hilgetag, C. C. Non-optimal component placement, but short<br>processing paths, due to long-distance projections in neural systems. PLoS<br>Comput. Biol. 2, e95 (2006).</p>\n<footer id='138' style='font-size:14px'>NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 6:8414 | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9414 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications</footer>\n<br><footer id='139' style='font-size:14px'>& 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.</footer>\n<br><footer id='140' style='font-size:14px'>9</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2713234, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(161,93); bottom-right:(299,190)\" /></figure>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>wb_command -cifti\u2013correlation <PCA Series> <dense connectome> -<br>fisher-z</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If you have less than ~35GB of RAM, use the -mem-limit option to limit the RAM usage.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 If you prefer to view these dense connectome files in Connectome Workbench<br>(recommended), you do not need to download them. The data are accessible in<br>Workbench by remote access (requires internet connection and ConnectomeDB login),<br>using the following URLs:</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>https://db.humanconnectome.org/spring/cifti-average?resource=HCP_Resources:GroupAvg:HCP_Q1-<br>Q6_R468_rfMRI_groupPCA_d4500<br>https://db.humanconnectome.org/spring/cifti-average?resource=HCP_Resources:GroupAvg:HCP_Q1-<br>Q6_R468_rfMRI_groupPCA_d4500_MGTR</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Note: These URLs are preloaded in scenes 4-5 in the HCP_Q1-Q6_R440_U100.scene file<br>distributed as part of the HCP_Q1-Q6_GroupAvg_Related440_Unrelated100_v1 archive<br>available for download under \u201cConnectome Workbench Data\u201d on the ConnectomeDB splash<br>page. A tutorial for quickly viewing the Group-average Related 100 and Unrelated 400+ data in<br>the Workbench GUI, a.k.a. wb_view, is included as a PDF file in the archive.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The dataset is customized for viewing in the latest version of Connectome Workbench<br>(http://www.humanconnectome.org/connectome/get-connectome-workbench.html), but most of<br>the files are in standard NIFTI and GIFTI format and can also be viewed using other brain-<br>mapping software platforms. A number of files, including the task fMRI files and the rfMRI<br>functional connectivity files, are the new CIFTI-2.0 file format (http://www.nitrc.org/projects/cifti/)<br>that can incorporate surface vertices (both hemispheres) plus subcortical gray-matter voxels<br>into a single file format. The CIFTI format is also used to represent surface maps (e.g., myelin<br>maps) for both the left and right hemispheres in a single *.dscalar.nii CIFTI file type and cortical<br>parcellations for both hemispheres are contained in a single *.dlabel.nii CIFTI file. The scenes<br>file for Workbench distributed as part of this dataset makes use of these CIFTI files, but the<br>downloaded datasets also include conventional hemisphere-specific GIFTI files (*.shape.gii;<br>*.label.gii).</p>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:20px'>Task fMRI group analysis</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For both the U100 and R440 group-averages, each of the seven HCP tasks was processed<br>using FLAME 1 (FMRIB's Local Analysis of Mixed Effects stage 1) mixed effects applied across<br>subjects. We are currently releasing the grayordinates-based results that incorporate 2mm<br>smoothing that respects the topology of the cortical sheet and the boundaries of subcortical<br>anatomical parcels (see below and Barch et al., 2013 for details).</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The grayordinates-based analysis began with outputs of the HCP \u201cfMRISurface\u201d pipeline (see<br>above) in which the data from the cortical gray matter ribbon were projected onto the surface</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Reference Manual \u2013 500 Subjects Release (June 2014) | WU-Minn Consortium of the NIH Human Connectome Project Page 71</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 217547, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:18px'>r Parcellation-Dependent Small-World Brain Functional Networks r</header>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>study (Salvador et al., 2008). However, we also noted<br>inconsistent results. For instance, all nodal measures in the<br>ANIMAL atlas showed negative correlations with the re-<br>gional size (see Fig. 6). The discrepancies among these<br>results could be attributed to (1) different nodal attributes<br>used in the studies [multiple nodal parameters in this<br>study (Table III) vs. MI in the Salvador\u2019s study], and (2)<br>different regional parcellation strategies applied in the two<br>brain atlases as described previously. Despite the discrep-<br>ancies in the results, our study pointed to a clear effect of<br>regional size on the small-world analysis. It implies that,<br>while performing topological analyses on the brain net-<br>works that are constructed from the anatomical atlases, the<br>effects of regional size need to be taken into account in the<br>future.</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Further Considerations</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Our results have important implications in characteriz-<br>ing parcellation-related topological alterations of large-<br>scale brain networks. Many previous studies using neuro-<br>physiological and neuroimaging data have demonstrated<br>small-world alterations in development (Micheloyannis<br>et al., in press), normal aging (Achard and Bullmore, 2007)<br>and brain disorders (Bartolomei et al., 2006; He et al., 2008;<br>Liu et al., 2008; Micheloyannis et al., 2006b; Ponten et al.,<br>2007; Rubinov et al., in press; Stam et al., 2007; Wang<br>et al., in press). However, some of these studies did not<br>\ufb01nd signi\ufb01cant differences in several speci\ufb01c small-world<br>parameters, such as the clustering coef\ufb01cient (Stam et al.,<br>2007), path length (Ferri et al., 2007), or global ef\ufb01ciency<br>(De Vico Fallani et al., 2007; Wang et al., in press). Accord-<br>ing to our results, one could therefore suspect that the<br>nonsigni\ufb01cant results shown in the previous studies could<br>be due to the different regional parcellation methods they<br>used. Our study thus provides implications for the choice<br>of parcellation strategies in the future researches.</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Several issues remain to be addressed. First, in this<br>study, the two adopted atlases were obtained according to<br>sulcal patterns from only one subject; so it was unsuitable<br>to apply them to a group-level analysis due to interindi-<br>vidual variability of anatomical structures. Given the varia-<br>tions in sulcal pattern are associated with the location and<br>geometry between individuals (Thompson et al., 1996), it<br>would be interesting to apply a probabilistic atlas of<br>human brain to regional parcellation or de\ufb01ne individual<br>brain regions through a combination of diffusion tensor<br>imaging with fMRI (Sporns et al., 2005). Second, the head<br>motion of subjects might have confounding effects on the<br>\ufb01nal results of network analysis. Recently, Salvador et al.<br>(2008) found that the residual effects of head motion were<br>associated with the functional connectivity of many brain<br>regions at high frequencies (0.17\u20130.25 Hz), but there were<br>no strong linear correlations with that at middle (0.08\u2013<br>0.17 Hz) and low (<0.08 Hz) frequencies. To examine<br>whether the results of our network analysis were affected</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>by the head motion, in the present study, we also calcu-<br>lated the correlation between the average values of head<br>movement (absolute translations in x, y, and z separately)<br>and small-world parameters of brain networks by using a<br>multivariate model (Salvador et al., 2008). Our results<br>showed no signi\ufb01cant correlations (P > 0.05) between the<br>head motion and the parameters (Cp, Cp/Cp-s, Lp, Lp/Lp-s,<br>Eloc, Eloc/Eloc-s, Eglob, and Eglob/Eglob-s) of brain networks<br>that were derived from low-frequency (0.01\u20130.10 Hz) fMRI<br>signals, which was consistent with Salvador et al.\u2019s study<br>(2008). Third, all of the network measurements used in<br>this study were on the basis of binarized graphs that were<br>constructed by thresholding the functional connectivity<br>matrices. Though the use of binarized graphs reduced the<br>complexity of network analysis, it also removed some<br>detailed information. Further work could be conducted by<br>using continuous weighted correlation values in the con-<br>struction of brain networks (Achard et al., 2006; Jiang et al.<br>2004; Latora and Marchiori, 2003).</p>\n<h1 id='6' style='font-size:22px'>CONCLUSION</h1>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the in\ufb02uences<br>of anatomical atlases on topological attributes of human<br>brain functional networks acquired from resting-state<br>fMRI. Our results indicated that, although the brain net-<br>works had robust small-world con\ufb01guration and followed<br>an exponentially truncated power law distribution under<br>different atlases parcellation strategies, there were signi\ufb01-<br>cantly between-atlas differences in both local and global<br>topological parameters. These \ufb01ndings provide direct evi-<br>dences on how functional topological properties of brain<br>networks are associated with network node de\ufb01nition. The<br>present study might have important implications in large-<br>scale structural and functional brain networks studies<br>under normal and pathological conditions.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for<br>their thoughtful comments.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>REFERENCES</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Achard S, Bullmore E (2007): Ef\ufb01ciency and cost of economical<br>brain functional networks. PLoS Comput Biol 3:e17.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Achard S, Salvador R, Whitcher B, Suckling J, Bullmore E (2006):</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional<br>network with highly connected association cortical hubs. J<br>Neurosci 26:63\u201372.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Albert R, Barabasi A-L (2002): Statistical mechanics of complex<br>networks. Rev Mod Phys 74:47.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Albert R, Jeong H, Barabasi A-L (2000): Error and attack tolerance<br>of complex networks. Nature 406:378\u2013382.</p>\n<footer id='16' style='font-size:14px'>r 1521 r</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2713322, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='109' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(160,93); bottom-right:(300,191)\" /></figure>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Dougherty BE, Flom RE, Bullimore MA (2005). An evaluation of the Mars Letter Contrast<br>Sensitivity Test. Optom Vis Sci 82(11): 970-975.</p>\n<p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Downing PE, Jiang Y, Shuman M, Kanwisher N (2001). A cortical area selective for visual<br>processing of the human body. Science 293(5539): 2470-2473.</p>\n<p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Drobyshevsky A, Baumann SB, Schneider W (2006). A rapid fMRI task battery for mapping of<br>visual, motor, cognitive, and emotional function. 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IEEE Trans Med Imaging 24:1548\u20131565.</p>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>600 Denburg NL, Tranel D, Bechara A (2005) The ability to decide advantageously declines</p>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>601</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>prematurely in some normal older persons. Neuropsychologia 43:1099\u20131106.</p>\n<p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>602 Eklund A, Nichols TE, Knutsson H (2016) Cluster failure: Why fMRI inferences for</p>\n<p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>603</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>spatial extent have inflated false-positive rates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</p>\n<p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>604</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>113:7900\u20137905.</p>\n<p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>605 Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) \u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for</p>\n<p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>606</p>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189\u2013198.</p>\n<p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>607 Giedd JN (2004) Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Adolescent Brain. 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Consider a scenario where you need to analyze the effects of aging on brain network connectivity. One dataset involves small parcellation, capturing high granularity, while another uses large parcellation, averaging over larger regions. Given the challenges of head motion during fMRI studies in older populations, what analytical steps could be adopted to ensure robust connectivity measures while confirming consistency across different parcellation sizes?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 776, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3475575, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='28' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1) Educating the party (their client) about the mediation and available investment mediation<br>rules;</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>2) Drafting a request for mediation for the client;</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>3) Assisting with the selection of a mediation professional;</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>4) Assisting with the exploration of interests and constraints;</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>5) Providing to the client a realistic assessment of strengths and weaknesses of the client\u2019s<br>legal case;</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>6) Assisting in drafting written statements for use in the mediation (MR 19);</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>7) Identifying and compiling relevant documents to be used in the mediation;</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>8) Discussing procedural aspects of the mediation with the client (i.e., the Mediation Protocol,<br>MR 20 and 21);</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>9) Preparation of opening statements, and</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>10) Drafting of the detailed terms of an eventual settlement agreement.</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>9.3 What is the Role of Experts in a Mediation?</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A party to a mediation may want to retain experts, such as financial experts or subject-matter<br>experts, to advise it on non-legal aspects relevant to generating offers or finalizing detailed terms<br>of settlement.</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In addition, the parties may agree to jointly appoint independent experts to provide the parties<br>and the mediator with expert advice on legal, financial, or other matters. The type of participation<br>and the scope of the expert\u2019s input will be determined by the parties and the mediator.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>9.4 Do Non-disputing Parties Have a Role in Mediation?</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In certain circumstances, the input of non-disputing parties might be relevant or helpful to the<br>resolution of the dispute (for example a non-disputing party or a non-disputing treaty party). The<br>flexibility of the mediation process allows the parties to consider whether any non-disputing party<br>participation is desired and determine the scope and procedural framework for such participation<br>(MR 19). The scope of such participation may range from consultation during the process on<br>specific points, providing written statements for consideration by the parties or more active<br>participation as agreed between the parties and the mediator.</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10</p>\n<br><footer id='44' style='font-size:14px'>BACKGROUND PAPER ON INVESTMENT MEDIATION (2021)</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1421163, "type": "text", "content": "Seeking Compromise? Mediation Through the Eyes of Conflict Parties\n\n\nhelp to restore the formal power of a corrupt or patrimonial regime. The\nexternal support for \nthe KLA in Kosovo has provided a precedent for this change in perspective\namong the \ninternational community.\n\n\n \n\nThird, the limits of peacekeeping: The authority of the UN and of nation\nstates who have \nengaged in peacekeeping missions in the last two decades has suffered from the\nlack of success \nin crucial cases. The more mandated armed interveners became stuck in\ndeadlocked conflict \nsituations, the less their engagement and that of the UN was appreciated by\nsome or all of the \nconflict parties within those countries. This has reduced their ability to\nestablish new norms. \nThe concept of mediation, on the other hand, leaves the initiative for\nconflict resolution with \nthe conflict parties. It does not intend to impose fixed template solutions\nbut builds on interests \nof the conflict parties in seeking compromise and practising collaborative\naction.\n\n\n \n\nFourth, shifts in normative approaches to human rights violations: Influenced\nby \ninternational debates of the last 20 years on how to deal with protracted\nviolent social conflicts \nwithin state boundaries, a set of new approaches is emerging. They are\nexpressed in new moral \nand proto-legal categories such as human security, human intervention and the\nresponsibility to \nprotect, which have found their way into influential expert reports, policy\nrecommendations and \nlegal documents of states and international organisations. This changing\nmindset has gained \nconsiderable political momentum and has led over time to an increasing\nacceptance of \nlegitimised interference into internal matters where human rights are\nneglected or people are \noppressed.\n\n\n \n\nFifth, a broader and more transformative understanding of mediation: Finally,\nthe nature of \nprotracted conflicts (Azar 1985) and the high percentage of critical\nbacklashes following \nnegotiated ceasefires and formal settlements have turned more attention to the\nroot causes of \narmed conflicts. Mediation has come to be considered less of a tool for\nbringing about formal \nagreements between conflict parties, but rather for facilitating more\nconstructive and cooperative \nbehaviour in order to open up perspectives for a resilient, less\nconfrontational and more \nenduring relationship through a transformation of relations between the\nparties in conflict. Back \nin 2004 the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change stated that,\nbased on skills \nand resources, mediation may offer better hope \u201cfor breaking long-standing\ncycles of violence \nthat haunt many war-inflicted countries\u201d (HLP 2004, 60). As Ban Ki-Moon stated\nin his above- \nmentioned report: \u201cSince one of the most promising approaches to the peaceful\nsettlement of \ndisputes is skilful third-party mediation, we, the United Nations, have the\nresponsibility to \u2018we \nthe peoples\u2019 to professionalise our efforts to resolve conflicts\nconstructively [\u2026] and to \u2018save \nsucceeding generations from the scourge of war\u2019\u201d (Security Council Report\n2009, 21).\n\n\n \n\nTurning our attention to research, we find that a lot has been written in the\nrecent past on the \nnew potential and the functional roles of mediation for conflict resolution.\nSurprisingly though, \nthe bulk of mediation literature appears to adopt the bird\u2019s eye view of third\nparties. It \nconcentrates on what mediation can achieve, on how the stakeholders can be\nbrought to the \nnegotiation tables, and how the mediation process should be organised so as to\neventually be \nsuccessful. The focus of most studies on mediation is laid either on the\nimpact, timing and \nefficiency of the process or on the appropriateness of mediating actors and\nmeasures.\n\n\n \nPractices \nand \nCapacities \nEnhancing \nII: \nSection\n\n\n185\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 153078, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='18' style='font-size:22px'>Preparing for the Presentation</h1>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:20px'>Presenting in person</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf034 Have all the decision makers there<br>\uf034 Remember to build rapport<br>\uf034 Do not read the proposal through word by word<br>\uf034 Present as a mini presentation on your computer or tablet if presenting one-on-one<br>\uf034 Present using a PowerPoint presentation if presenting to larger groups<br>\uf034 Give them a handout of the slides at the beginning of the presentation<br>\uf034 Give them a hard copy of the proposal at the end of the presentation</p>\n<h1 id='21' style='font-size:20px'>Preparing the PowerPoint</h1>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf034 Use a simple design \u2013 no fancy fonts<br>\uf034 Use simple transitions and animations so they don\u2019t distract from the presentation<br>\uf034 Personalise it with the prospect\u2019s name and logo<br>\uf034 Use a maximum of 6 words across and 6 points down as a guide<br>\uf034 Use graphs and illustrations for key points<br>\uf034 Only talk about one thing at a time</p>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:20px'>S tructuring the presentation</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>that</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>www.strategez.com</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1. Have a strong opening slide personalised to the prospect. If possible use a short success story<br>relates to similar results your prospect is looking for<br>2. Open with the conclusion and tell them what you are going to tell them<br>3. Describe the need and focus on the impact<br>4. Describe their target goals<br>5. Describe the investment and benefits before the solution<br>6. Describe how your solution will resolve their problem or help them realise an opportunity<br>7. Summarise your conclusion and tell them again what you already told them<br>8. Ask if they have any questions<br>9. Handle any objections<br>10. Lead them to a commitment</p>\n<br><footer id='27' style='font-size:14px'>93</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3475556, "type": "text", "content": "1) Educating the party (their client) about the mediation and available\ninvestment mediation \nrules;\n\n\n2) Drafting a request for mediation for the client;\n\n\n3) Assisting with the selection of a mediation professional;\n\n\n4) Assisting with the exploration of interests and constraints;\n\n\n5) Providing to the client a realistic assessment of strengths and weaknesses\nof the client\u2019s \nlegal case;\n\n\n6) Assisting in drafting written statements for use in the mediation (MR 19);\n\n\n \n\n7) Identifying and compiling relevant documents to be used in the mediation;\n\n\n \n\n8) Discussing procedural aspects of the mediation with the client (i.e., the\nMediation Protocol, \nMR 20 and 21);\n\n\n9) Preparation of opening statements, and\n\n\n \n\n10) Drafting of the detailed terms of an eventual settlement agreement.\n\n\n \n\n9.3 What is the Role of Experts in a Mediation?\n\n\n \n\nA party to a mediation may want to retain experts, such as financial experts\nor subject-matter \nexperts, to advise it on non-legal aspects relevant to generating offers or\nfinalizing detailed terms \nof settlement.\n\n\nIn addition, the parties may agree to jointly appoint independent experts to\nprovide the parties \nand the mediator with expert advice on legal, financial, or other matters. The\ntype of participation \nand the scope of the expert\u2019s input will be determined by the parties and the\nmediator.\n\n\n \n\n9.4 Do Non-disputing Parties Have a Role in Mediation?\n\n\nIn certain circumstances, the input of non-disputing parties might be relevant\nor helpful to the \nresolution of the dispute (for example a non-disputing party or a non-\ndisputing treaty party). The \nflexibility of the mediation process allows the parties to consider whether\nany non-disputing party \nparticipation is desired and determine the scope and procedural framework for\nsuch participation \n(MR 19). The scope of such participation may range from consultation during\nthe process on \nspecific points, providing written statements for consideration by the parties\nor more active \nparticipation as agreed between the parties and the mediator.\n\n\n10\n\n\n \nBACKGROUND PAPER ON INVESTMENT MEDIATION (2021)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1890054, "type": "text", "content": "# P UBLICATIONS\n\n\n \n\nMr. Creo has published extensively on arbitration, mediation, dispute\nresolution, federal sector, \nnegotiation, decision making, effective lawyers, and contentment for legal\nprofessionals.\n\n\n \n\n# Current Publications\n\n\n \n\nThe Master Mediator is Mr. Creo\u2019s regular column published by The\nInternational Institute for \nConflict Prevention and Resolution, (CPR) It was published from 2005 to 2009\nand restarted in \nNovember of 2012 in print format in the CPR Alternatives monthly publication.\nStarting in \n2015, the Pennsylvania Bar Association publication, the Pennsylvania Lawyer,\nhas created a \nDepartment, The Effective Lawyer, for an article in each issue. \nGray Matters, co-authored with Selina Shultz, is published online monthly in\nExpert Analysis, \nLaw360.com starting in April, 2017.\n\n\n# P odcasts\n\n\n \n\nThe CPR, Master Mediator Podcast Series was a three-part audio discussion\nconducted by Mr. \nCreo in 2009. The podcasts are available online at www.westlegaledcenter.com.\nThe topics were, \nas follows:\n\n\n \n\n\u2212 1st podcast (4/13/09), \u201cI'm Sorry? Acknowledgment and Apology in Preventing\nMedical \nMalpractice Claims\u201d: explores the pros, cons, ethics, legal ramifications, and\nefficacy of \nhealth care providers discussing medical errors with patients and family and\nthe role of \napology in resolving claims. \n\u2212 2nd podcast (5/11/09), \u201cThe Ethics of Fictional Lawyers\u201d: discusses popular\nportrayal of \nlawyers, and the ethics issue they raise under the ABA\u2019s Model Rules of\nProfessional \nConduct. \n\u2212 3rd podcast (9/28/09), \u201cThe Science of Conflict\u201d with Monique McKay:\ndiscusses the Master \nMediator Institute and effective negotiation and decision making in conflict.\n\n\n# A ll Publications\n\n\n \n\n\u2212 The Effective Lawyer: Judgment and Irrationality, PA Lawyer 14 (July/Aug,\n2021). \n\u2212 The Master Mediator, The Pandemic Compromise: Hybrid Mediation, 39 CPR\nAlternatives \nNo. 7, 111 (Jul-Aug, 2021) \n\u2212 The Effective Lawyer: Essential Persuasion Skills: Deciding and Deciding\nAgain, PA \nLawyer 14 (May/June, 2021). \n\u2212 The Master Mediator, Articles of ADR Faith: In Whom Do We Trust? 39 CPR\nAlternatives \nNo. 5, 79 (May, 2021). \n\u2212 The Master Mediator, Fair and Balanced in the Eyes of the Mediation Parties.\nNot Yours. 39 \nCPR Alternatives No. 3, 48 (March, 2021). \n\u2212 The Effective Lawyer: Essential Persuasion Skills: Yes, And \u2013 Improvisation,\nPA Lawyer 14 \n(Mar/April 2021).\n\n\n \n11\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 30098, "type": "text", "content": "# Professional Perspective\n\n\n \n\n# Creativity in Mediation Is Key\n\n\n# C ontributed by David Zacks, JAMS\n\n\nRead Professional Perspectives | Become a Contributor\n\n\n \n\nReproduced with permission. Published April 2021. Copyright \u00a9 2021 The Bureau\nof National Affairs, Inc. \n800.372.1033. For further use, please contact\npermissions@bloombergindustry.com\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1421182, "type": "text", "content": "Hans J. Giessmann and Oliver Wils\n\n\nprocesses; or how to address crimes against humanity and massive abuses of\nhuman rights in a \nproper and just manner without putting the success of mediation at risk. By\nadopting a change \nof perspective that properly takes into account the conflict parties\nthemselves, many new and \nunanswered research questions emerge that deserve attention. Collaborative\nmediation research \nmay provide a useful framework and an inspiring opportunity to identify\npromising approaches \nfor conflict transformation.\n\n\n \n\n# 5. \nReferences\n\n\nAzar, Edward E. 1985. Protracted International Conflicts: Ten Propositions,\nin: International \nInteractions 12, 1, 59-70. \nBarnes, Catherine, Celia McKeon and Aaron Griffiths 2008. Introduction, in:\nPowers of Persuasion: \nIncentives, Sanctions and Conditionality in Peacemaking, Accord 19, 4-8.\nLondon: Conciliation \nResources. Available at www.c-r.org/our-\nwork/accord/incentives/introduction.php. \nBaechler, G\u00fcnther 2008. \u201cEmerging Archetypes\u201d: A Comparison of Patterns of the\nPeace Processes \nin Sri Lanka and Nepal, in: Daniela K\u00f6rppen, Beatrix Schmelzle and Oliver Wils\n(eds.). A \nSystemic Approach to Conflict Transformation. Exploring Strengths and\nLimitations. (Berghof \nHandbook Dialogue No 6.). Berlin: Berghof Research Center, 53-64. \nBeardsley, Kyle C., David M. Quinn, Bidisha Biswas and Jonathan Wilkenfeld\n2006. Mediation \nStyle and Crisis Outcomes, in: Journal of Conflict Resolution 50, 1, 58-86. \nBrahimi, Lakhdar and Salman Ahmed 2008. In Pursuit of Sustainable Peace. The\nSeven Deadly Sins \nof Mediation. New York: New York University, Center on International\nCooperation. \nCousens, Elizabeth 2008. It Ain\u2019t Over \u2019Til It\u2019s Over: What Role for Mediation\nin Post-Agreement \nContexts? Geneva: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. \nCrocker, Chester A., Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall 2004. Taming\nIntractable Conflicts. \nMediation in the Hardest Cases. Washington, DC: United States Institute of\nPeace. \nCronin, Audrey Kurth 2008. Negotiating with Groups that Use Terrorism: Lessons\nfor Policy-Makers. \nGeneva: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. Available at\nwww.hdcentre.org/files/Audrey%20 \nKurth-%20Cronin%20Negotiating%20with%20groups%20that%20use%20terrorism.pdf. \nDudouet, V\u00e9ronique 2008. Negotiating Conflict Settlements: Lessons Learnt and\nChallenges. \nRoundtable Meeting Report, Workshop 7-9 March 2008. Berlin: Berghof Research\nCenter. \nGiessmann, Hans J. and Oliver Wils 2009. Conflict Parties\u2019 Interests in\nMediation, Berghof Policy \nBrief 1/2009. Berlin: Berghof Research Center. \nGreig, J. Michael 2001. Moments of Opportunity. Recognizing Conditions of\nRipeness for International \nMediation between Enduring Rivals, in: Journal of Conflict Resolution 45, 6,\n691-718. \nGreig, J. Michael and Patrick M. Regan 2008. When Do They Say Yes? An Analysis\nof the \nWillingness to Offer and to Accept Mediation in Civil Wars, in: International\nStudies Quarterly \n52, 4, 759-781.\n\n\n204\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1833077, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Thank you for submitting an abstract or accepting an invitation to present within the ASCRS Program at the 2021 ASCRS</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Annual Meeting in Las Vegas, NV.<br>The purpose of this guide is to provide you with the information you need to prepare your presentation, upload your</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>presentation and deliver your presentation at the meeting. This guide is organized into sections for you to easily locate</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>information for each step of the process in developing your presentation for the 2021 ASCRS Annual Meeting.</p>\n<h1 id='8' style='font-size:18px'>1.</h1>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>as</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 YOUR PRESENTATION<br>CREATING<br>Presentations should be created in either Microsoft PowerPoint, Apple Keynote or individual video files depending on<br>\u2022<br>the format of the session.<br>\u2022<br>Presentation slides should be developed in 16:9 wide screen format.<br>ASCRS does not require speakers to use a slide template. You are welcome to use your own, however it should not<br>\u2022<br>include any commercial logos, images or names.<br>Relevant financial interest, or lack thereof, must be included on your title slide or second slide to include the type of<br>relationship and the name of the company. This pertains to anyone speaking from a podium, electronic posters, and all<br>\u2022<br>videos submitted to the ASCRS Film Festival. See example (page 4).<br>The length of time for presentation(s) will vary by session. The session chair or lead instructor will provide you with<br>more information in the months leading up to the meeting. You will also receive a speaker schedule with details<br>including length of time for each of your presentations. Please be considerate of attendees and your fellow presenters<br>\u2022<br>and confine your presentation to the allotted time.<br>All presentations should be free of commercial bias and must give a balanced view of therapeutic options. The use of<br>generic names will contribute to this impartiality. If trade names must be used, where available, trade names from<br>several companies must be used - not just trade names from a single company. Faculty members are urged to adopt a<br>consistent treatment of products throughout their presentations (e.g., if a trade name is used, the competitor\u2019s trade<br>\u2022<br>names must also be used).<br>any entity producing, marketing, re-selling, or distributing<br>Educational materials such as presentation slides, abstracts, and handouts cannot contain any advertising, corporate<br>healthcare goods or services consumed by, or used on, patients.<br>logos, trade names, or a product-group message of<br>Presentations should not include individually<br>identifiable health information, in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA),<br>\u2022</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>amended.<br>o<br>Validation of Clinical Content per ACCME Guidelines - Faculty members are reminded of the following:<br>All recommendations involving clinical medicine in this CME activity must be based on evidence that is<br>o<br>accepted within the profession.<br>All scientific research referred to, reported, or used in this CME activity must conform to the generally<br>o<br>accepted standards of experimental design, data collection, and analysis.<br>Recommendations, treatments, or manners of practicing medicine that do not comply with the above, are</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>known to have risks or dangers that outweigh the benefits or are known to be ineffective in the treatment of<br>\u2022<br>patients should not be presented as part of this CME activity.<br>Corporate Assistance with Slide Preparation - As a faculty member, you are ultimately responsible for the content of<br>your presentation, even if a corporate study sponsor has provided clinical data. Duplicate presentations of the same<br>\u2022<br>data by faculty are strongly discouraged.<br>Disclosure of Unapproved/Off-Label Use- If your poster or presentation concerns the use of a drug or device that has</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or concerns an off-label use of a drug or device</p>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>approved by the FDA for</h1>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>other uses, you must disclose this within a slide during the presentation.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 GUIDELINES<br>PRESENTATION</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Meet standards of scientific integrity (free of commercial bias).</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ASCRS 2021 Speaker Guide<br>2</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1421187, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='12' style='font-size:14px'>Seeking Compromise? Mediation Through the Eyes of Conflict Parties</header>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>help to restore the formal power of a corrupt or patrimonial regime. The external support for<br>the KLA in Kosovo has provided a precedent for this change in perspective among the<br>international community.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Third, the limits of peacekeeping: The authority of the UN and of nation states who have<br>engaged in peacekeeping missions in the last two decades has suffered from the lack of success<br>in crucial cases. The more mandated armed interveners became stuck in deadlocked conflict<br>situations, the less their engagement and that of the UN was appreciated by some or all of the<br>conflict parties within those countries. This has reduced their ability to establish new norms.<br>The concept of mediation, on the other hand, leaves the initiative for conflict resolution with<br>the conflict parties. It does not intend to impose fixed template solutions but builds on interests<br>of the conflict parties in seeking compromise and practising collaborative action.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Fourth, shifts in normative approaches to human rights violations: Influenced by<br>international debates of the last 20 years on how to deal with protracted violent social conflicts<br>within state boundaries, a set of new approaches is emerging. They are expressed in new moral<br>and proto-legal categories such as human security, human intervention and the responsibility to<br>protect, which have found their way into influential expert reports, policy recommendations and<br>legal documents of states and international organisations. This changing mindset has gained<br>considerable political momentum and has led over time to an increasing acceptance of<br>legitimised interference into internal matters where human rights are neglected or people are<br>oppressed.</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Fifth, a broader and more transformative understanding of mediation: Finally, the nature of<br>protracted conflicts (Azar 1985) and the high percentage of critical backlashes following<br>negotiated ceasefires and formal settlements have turned more attention to the root causes of<br>armed conflicts. Mediation has come to be considered less of a tool for bringing about formal<br>agreements between conflict parties, but rather for facilitating more constructive and cooperative<br>behaviour in order to open up perspectives for a resilient, less confrontational and more<br>enduring relationship through a transformation of relations between the parties in conflict. Back<br>in 2004 the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change stated that, based on skills<br>and resources, mediation may offer better hope \u201cfor breaking long-standing cycles of violence<br>that haunt many war-inflicted countries\u201d (HLP 2004, 60). As Ban Ki-Moon stated in his above-<br>mentioned report: \u201cSince one of the most promising approaches to the peaceful settlement of<br>disputes is skilful third-party mediation, we, the United Nations, have the responsibility to \u2018we<br>the peoples\u2019 to professionalise our efforts to resolve conflicts constructively [\u2026] and to \u2018save<br>succeeding generations from the scourge of war\u2019\u201d (Security Council Report 2009, 21).</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Turning our attention to research, we find that a lot has been written in the recent past on the<br>new potential and the functional roles of mediation for conflict resolution. Surprisingly though,<br>the bulk of mediation literature appears to adopt the bird\u2019s eye view of third parties. It<br>concentrates on what mediation can achieve, on how the stakeholders can be brought to the<br>negotiation tables, and how the mediation process should be organised so as to eventually be<br>successful. The focus of most studies on mediation is laid either on the impact, timing and<br>efficiency of the process or on the appropriateness of mediating actors and measures.</p>\n<br><footer id='18' style='font-size:20px'>Practices<br>and<br>Capacities<br>Enhancing<br>II:<br>Section</footer>\n<footer id='19' style='font-size:16px'>185</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 68823, "type": "text", "content": "85\n\n\n \n\nThe Impact of Mediation on the Culture of Disputing in \nCanada: Law Schools, Lawyers and Laws\n\n\n# a Feminist Critiques\n\n\n \n\n3.26 During the 1980s, feminist critics began to express concern that \nunderpowered people may experience unfairness in mediation \nbecause of coercion, bargaining disadvantages, or lack of resources \nfor advocacy. They have argued that overemphasis on settlement \ntrivialises the importance of judicial authority to shift the balance of \npower and the basis of settlement. There have been concerns that \nmediation programs pacify complainants at the expense of justice, \nprivatise matters of public importance, and thwart the \ndevelopment of case law on women\u2019s human rights.69 Domestic \nabuse has been a significant concern;70 mediation proponents and \nscholars have responded by promoting qualification standards, \nscreening tools,71 safety measures, and independent legal advice.72 \nFor many years, these influential critiques effectively hindered the \ndevelopment of mandatory mediation in the area of family law. \nThe critiques have also ensured that present!day mandatory \nmediation schemes provide exemptions in cases where there is \nevidence of family abuse. Canadian empirical research has found \nthat in contemporary family mediation processes, women are no \nless safe than they are in processes within the regular justice\n\n\n69 Martha J Bailey, \u201cUnpacking the \u2018Rational Alternative\": A Critical Review\nof Family \nMediation Movement Claims\u201c (1989) 8 Canadian Journal of Family Law 61; Ruth \nPhegan, \u201cThe Family Mediation System: An Art of Distributions\u201c (1995) 40\nMcGill \nLaw Journal 365; Martha Shaffer, \u201cDivorce Mediation: A Feminist Perspective\u201c\n(1988) \n46 University of Toronto Faculty of Law Review 162. \n70 Renu Mandhane, \u201cThe Trend Towards Mandatory Mediation: A Critical Feminist \nLegal Perspective\u201c (Ontario Women\"s Justice Network, August 1999)\nowjn_2009/legal!information/aboriginal!law/161> accessed 6 June 2013. \n71 See, eg, Desmond Ellis and Noreen Stuckless, \u201cDomestic Violence, DOVE, and \nDivorce Mediation\u201c (2006) 44 Family Court Review 658. \n72 Mediate BC, \u201cMediate BC Society Standards of Conduct\u201c 2011\nPDFs/1!28!Standards!of!Conduct/Standards_Conduct.aspx> accessed 6 June 2013; \nColleen Getz, Safety Screening in Family Mediation: A Discussion Paper\n(Mediate BC, \nJanuary 2008) _Family_Paper.aspx> accessed 6 June 2013; Barbara Landau,\n\u201cQualifications of Family \nMediators: Listening to the Feminist Critique\u201c in Catherine Morris and Andrew\nPirie \n(eds), Qualifications for Dispute Resolution: Perspectives on the Debate (UVic\nInstitute for \nDispute Resolution 1994); Noel Semple, \u201cMandatory Family Mediation and the \nSettlement Mission: A Feminist Critique\u201c (2012) 24 Canadian Journal of Women\nand \nthe Law 207.\n\n\n \n\n# M ediation in Asia!Pacific\n\n\n \n3.26\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If you need to prepare a presentation on professional perspectives in mediation and need to convert the document's key ideas into a user-friendly format, describe the process you would follow. Consider the requirements of getting permission and the updates in societal impact since 2021.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 777, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2223261, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='72' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>plan key speaking points ahead of time so members of council and/or committees<br>o<br>clearly and consistently articulate the desired message. This may include preparing<br>actual written statements and/or questions and answers;<br>be prepared to respond to common fears such as loss of identity and \u2018what ifs\u2019;<br>o<br>know and speak the facts. Always be honest with the public and respect the<br>o<br>decisions of council as a whole;<br>consider appointing one spokesperson for media communications; and<br>o<br>if an answer is unknown or if a matter has not been discussed yet, be honest and up<br>o<br>front. Establish ahead of time, the best method for getting answers back to<br>individuals in this type of situation.</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Transition process: As the different stages are worked through, it is important to be<br>flexible. Make necessary adjustments and changes to the original plan to ensure a<br>smooth transition. Depending on the needs and desires of the affected municipalities,<br>certain work may be completed prior to the actual effective date.</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Some work may be completed as part of the restructuring agreement and some of the<br>work may be completed following the formation of the MD. The critical thing to<br>remember is that consideration is given to the appropriate timing for each matter<br>including services, bylaws, including the development plan and zoning bylaw, staffing,<br>and other operations.</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Many of these items may be included in the restructuring agreement, however, matters<br>that are completed prior to becoming a MD may be stated differently or not addressed<br>at all in the agreement.</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Staff workload throughout the process: Municipal staff are key to a smooth and<br>successful transition. An increased workload is likely inevitable, temporarily at least, as<br>staff members continue to manage and maintain their own operations, but also work<br>through the restructuring process by providing multiple reports, options,<br>recommendations and attending meetings. In addition, they will be working toward<br>combining or standardizing services, bylaws, and other operations as requested by a<br>transition committee and/or councils. Be considerate of the staff and, if necessary, be<br>prepared to appoint additional individuals to assist. Appendix \u201cA\u201d contains a checklist to<br>assist the administrators with keeping track of key actions relating to restructuring.</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Celebrate successes: The process of change will be both exciting and challenging. The<br>individuals opposed may be shouting from the rooftops and those who agree may often<br>be silent. Success takes time and patience is key. It will take the vision and dedication<br>of many people to see this process through successfully. Plan to publicly celebrate<br>when major hurdles are overcome or important benchmarks have been met.</p>\n<br><h1 id='78' style='font-size:18px'>Restructuring Agreement</h1>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>It is never too early in the process to think about a restructuring agreement. It is important to<br>realize that if an application to restructure proceeds, early discussions and decisions will form a</p>\n<footer id='80' style='font-size:14px'>8</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 264231, "type": "text", "content": "only \nauthorised\u2014indicative \nNot\n\n\n \n\nHospital and Health Boards Act 2011 \nPart 12 Miscellaneous\n\n\n \n\n[s 278]\n\n\n(2) The administrator must administer the Service\u2019s affairs for the \nterm stated in the administrator\u2019s appointment.\n\n\n \n\n(3) The Governor in Council may revoke the appointment for any \nreason before the term of appointment expires, either to \nappoint a different person as administrator or to appoint new \nmembers of the board. \n(4) While the appointment continues, the administrator is taken to \nconstitute the board instead of the members.\n\n\n278 Ministerial advisory committees\n\n\n \n\n(1) The Minister may establish the advisory committees the \nMinister considers appropriate for this Act. \n(2) An advisory committee has the functions the Minister \ndecides. \n(3) A member of an advisory committee is entitled to the fees and \nallowances fixed by the Governor in Council. \n(4) However, a member may waive payment in whole or part.\n\n\n279 Delegation by Minister\n\n\n \n\n(1) The Minister may delegate the Minister\u2019s functions under this \nAct to the chief executive.\n\n\n \n\n(2) However, the Minister must not delegate\u2014\n\n\n \n\n(a) the function to decide the terms of a service agreement \nunder section 38 or the amendment of a service \nagreement under section 39; or \n(b) the function to give a direction to a Service under \nsection 44; or \n(c) the function to appoint a person to be an adviser to a \nboard under section 44A; or \n(d) the functions under part 3A, division 4 in relation to the \nappointment, suspension or removal of the \nadministrator; or\n\n\nPage 220\n\n\n \nCurrent as at [Not applicable]\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 264233, "type": "text", "content": "only \nauthorised\u2014indicative \nNot\n\n\n \n\nHospital and Health Boards Act 2011 \nPart 12 Miscellaneous\n\n\n \n\n[s 282]\n\n\n# 282 Regulation-making power\n\n\n \n\n(1) The Governor in Council may make regulations under this \nAct.\n\n\n \n\n(2) A regulation may be made about the following\u2014\n\n\n \n\n(a) the amalgamation, dissolution or division of Services or \nany other change in relation to Services; \n(b) changing the services to be provided by a Service or the \ndepartment, including by transferring the services to be \nprovided from one to another; \n(c) any matter or thing necessary or convenient to facilitate \nor support a thing mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b); \n(d) the operation or management of a public sector health \nservice or a public sector health service facility, \nincluding any land or buildings used in connection with \nany service or facility; \n(e) the procedures to be followed by an RCA team in its \nconduct of an RCA of a reportable event; \n(f) the preservation of the terms, conditions and \nentitlements of employees moving between the \ndepartment and a Service.\n\n\n \n\n(3) Without limiting subsection (2)(c), a regulation may provide \nfor the following\u2014\n\n\n \n\n(a) the transfer of staff; \n(b) staff entitlements; \n(c) the transfer of assets and liabilities, including that no \ngovernment duties are payable on the transfer; \n(d) matters relating to contracts, agreements or other \ndocuments entered into by a Service or the department; \n(e) the continuation of proceedings involving a Service or \nthe department; \n(f) the appointment of Act officials, authorised persons and \nsecurity officers;\n\n\nPage 222\n\n\n \nCurrent as at [Not applicable]\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3499967, "type": "text", "content": "mandate. However, as the Examiners other recommendations have not as yet been\ntaken \non board, this Recommendation continues to remain outstanding.\n\n\n1 6. With regards to Recommendation 29, the only action reported by SVG has\nalready been \nnoted in this report, at paragraph 9, where the FSA\u2019s Board of Directors and\nan Executive \nDirector has been appointed by the Jurisdiction\u2019s Cabinet and a Strategic Plan\nand budget \nhave been prepared. It is anticipated that when the FSA has been fully\nendowed, many of \nthe outstanding gaps will be filled, however because the establishment of the\nFSA is still \na work in progress and the fact that there have not as yet been any positive\naction to close \nthe other gaps discerned, this Recommendation continues to remain outstanding.\nIt may \nbe of interest to note that in addition to the appointment of a FSA Board and\nan Executive \nDirector, the following have been undertaken:\n\n\nThe FSA Board has held several meetings and made significant progress in\nfinalizing \nadministrative matters to ensure the smooth transition of three distinct\nregulatory \nbodies into the FSA and to ensure that the FSA would be fully operational on\nthe date \nthe FSA Act is proclaimed. The date set for proclamation is November 1st 2012. \nExtensive work was carried out to finalize a comprehensive Strategic Plan\nincluding \nan Organizational Structure and Plan, and a Three Year Operating Budget.\nFinalizing \nthese key documents was not a simple process and high level and involved \ndiscussions with stakeholders and consultants were required. In addition,\nSalary \nScales for the FSA are included in the said Budget and this required in depth\nresearch \nand discussions locally with relevant stakeholders.\n\n\nFormal recommendations by heads of the three regulatory bodies have been made \nand accepted for the transition of staff into the FSA.\n\n\nRecruitments for additional support staff required as per a finalized\nOrganization \nChart, is ongoing. Job descriptions had to be drafted in order for\nadvertisements in \nturn to be drafted.\n\n\nAs previously mentioned, the location of the FSA is very appropriate and has\nbeen \nsecured however, is temporarily being occupied by the Ministry of Finance due\nto a \nfire in the latter\u2019s premises. The Ministry of Finance will be in a position\nto vacate \nthe said premises in December 2012. The design for the physical premises of\nthe FSA \nhas been accepted and can readily be adapted to what already exists, as the\nsaid \npremises is presently suitably outfitted with a workable office layout. The\nFSA will \noperate from the departments of the three regulatory bodies, with IFSA being\nthe \nmain office until the physical move is made.\n\n\nAll logistical details relevant to the FSA\u2019s formal establishment on November\n1st \n2012 are being addressed \u2013 official seals, stamps, stationery, websites, email\nand IT \nand other like matters, are all being purpose enhanced for the FSA. These have \nalready been ordered and are expected to be in place by November 1st.\n\n\nPreparation for the liquidation of IFSA is also ongoing and the said\nliquidation would \nnot delay the commencement of the FSA\u2019s operations.\n\n\n17\\. For Recommendation 30, one (1) additional Crown Counsel has been\nappointed to the \noffice of the Director of Public Prosecutions. A Board of Directors for the\nFSA has been\n\n\n6\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 264234, "type": "text", "content": "only \nauthorised\u2014indicative \nNot\n\n\n \n\nHospital and Health Boards Act 2011 \nPart 12 Miscellaneous\n\n\n \n\n[s 282]\n\n\n \n\n(g) the control of traffic and conduct on health services \nland; \n(h) the continuation of RCA teams, quality assurance \ncommittees, health service audits, clinical reviews and \nhealth service investigations; \n(i) the giving of stated directions by the chief executive for \nstated matters. \n(4) Also, a regulation may provide for matters relating to the \nmovement of health service employees between Services or \nbetween a Service and the department. \n(5) Without limiting subsection (4), a regulation may provide for \nthe following\u2014 \n(a) movements of health service employees by agreement \nof the chief executive, health service chief executives or \nchairs of boards; \n(b) movements of health service employees by the written \ndirection of the Minister or the chief executive; \n(c) health service employees establishing reasonable \ngrounds to refuse movements; \n(d) the rights and entitlements of health service employees \nwho are subject to movements, including matters \nrelating to employment contracts. \n(6) Also, a regulation may prescribe a matter relating to the \ntransition of employees from the department to a prescribed \nService under part 5, division 4 if this Act does not make \nprovision or sufficient provision for the matter. \n(7) Also, a regulation made under this Act may impose a penalty \nof not more than 20 penalty units for a contravention of a \nprovision of a regulation.\n\n\nCurrent as at [Not applicable]\n\n\n \nPage 223\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2854513, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='55' style='font-size:14px'>- 2 -</header>\n<h1 id='56' style='font-size:14px'>(b) appoint the City\u2019s representatives on the Sponsor Board and the Administrative<br>Board.</h1>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>5. That this report be forwarded to the October 26, 2015 meeting of City Council.</p>\n<br><h1 id='58' style='font-size:14px'>CONCLUSION</h1>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he City Administration, the Civic Pension and Benefits Committee, the Pension Administrative<br>Board, the Pensions and Disability Administration staff, the actuary and the other employers in<br>the Regina Civic Employees\u2019 Superannuation and Benefit Plan (\u201cthe Plan\u201d) are in the final stages<br>of completing the elements that are required to make the changes to the Plan that were approved<br>in principle by City Council on November 24, 2014 in Report CM14-17. The last elements that<br>involve City Council include:</p>\n<p id='60' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 approval by City Council of the agreements that make up the new legal framework;<br>\u2022 repeal of Bylaw 3125 effective January 1, 2016 subject to the required changes being<br>made to The Pension Benefits Regulations, 1993 and the parties signing the applicable<br>agreements; and<br>\u2022 the delegation of authority to the City Manager to appoint the various representatives to<br>the Sponsor Board and Administrative Board.</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>B ylaw 3125 is being replaced with a set of legal agreements between the City, the other<br>employers, the Civic Pension and Benefits Committee and the members of the Administrative<br>Board. The repeal of this Bylaw was approved on September 23, 2015 by a majority of the<br>members of the Civic Pension and Benefits Committee and the actuary has provided a report<br>with respect to the changes so the requirements for changing the Bylaw have been met. In<br>addition, the other employers and the Civic Pension and Benefits Committee have provided their<br>approval of the new legal framework.</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n addition to the above, amendments to The Pension Benefits Regulations, 1993 are required to<br>give effect to the Plan changes. The Superintendent of Pension\u2019s Office has advised that they are<br>willing to recommend changes to the Regulations to provide permanent solvency relief and an<br>extension of the going concern amortization period to 20 years for the going concern deficit<br>under the Plan for any unfunded liabilities established as of December 31, 2014. While it is<br>anticipated that the regulations will be considered in October by the Government, at the time of<br>filing this report, the exact timeline was unknown.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n order to ensure that City Council has the necessary information and background to approve of<br>the recommendations, this report provides a comprehensive review of the following:</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 the history, composition and current benefits of the Plan;<br>\u2022 the financial difficulties of the Plan;<br>\u2022 the history of the negotiations for changes to the Plan;<br>\u2022 the actuarial valuation in support of the Plan changes;<br>\u2022 the new legal framework for the Plan including an explanation of the Sponsorship<br>Agreement, Funding Policy, Trust Agreement and Participating Employers\u2019 Agreement;<br>\u2022 the benefit changes and other changes that have been agreed to in the Plan text;</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3528636, "type": "text", "content": "leaders they appoint will need to commit and recommit to finding ways to\nachieve their objectives \nwhile also seeking the best interests of a merit-based public service.\u201d32\n\n\nA recent complicating factor in OPM\u2019s efforts to lead the Federal civil\nservice has been the lack of \nconfirmed political leadership within OPM. OPM did not have a confirmed\nDirector between \nJuly 2015 and March 2018. It did not have a confirmed Deputy Director between\n2011 and 2018. \nOPM\u2019s most recent Director, confirmed in March 2018, resigned in early October\n2018 at which \ntime an Acting Director was named. This means that in a span of nine months,\nOPM has had three \ndifferent leaders, two Acting Directors and one Director confirmed by the\nSenate.\n\n\nD elegation and Oversight. Second, the CSRA charged OPM with maintaining a\ncentralized \npresence over Federal HR issues while enabling it to decentralize many\npersonnel management \nauthorities to levels as near as possible to program operations in the\nagencies.33 In fact, the concepts \nof delegation and oversight were central to the reform legislation. Congress\nintended that OPM \nprovide agencies with greater delegations of personnel authority, but it also\nexpected OPM to closely \nmonitor those delegated authorities in order to protect the health of the\nmerit systems.34 The \nenvisioned combination of extensive delegation and close monitoring\u2014and the\nbroader vision that \nFederal agencies would be effectively held accountable for using delegated\npersonnel authorities \nproperly, on both an individual and systemic level\u2014has proven difficult to\nachieve.\n\n\nM SPB has cautioned that the authority that OPM delegates to agencies must not\nbe abdications\u2014 \nOPM should closely monitor the ability of each agency to manage the\ndelegations in a manner \nconsistent with the MSPs. In addition, delegations should be accompanied with\nthe necessary support \nstructure or guidance to help agencies use the delegations.35 While generally\npleased to have the added \nflexibility and control that went with delegated authorities, a theme that\nemerged among Federal HR \nofficials early on was a concern that OPM might be \u201cdumping\u201d responsibility on\ntheir laps without \nproviding the needed resources or support.36 As noted, in 2002 MSPB reiterated\nthe concern that \nOPM has not maintained its expertise and ability to provide the tools agencies\nneed to carry out the \nresponsibilities that OPM has delegated to them.37\n\n\nS ervice Delivery and Policy Leadership. Lastly, OPM was given critical core\nfunctions by the \nCSRA yet, as mentioned above, much of OPM\u2019s resources are targeted to other\nareas. MSPB has \nstated that OPM should concentrate\u2014or should be allowed to concentrate\u2014on the\ncore roles of: 38\n\n\n\uf0b7 Providing Governmentwide policy leadership, including identifying,\nproposing, developing, \nand implementing Governmentwide changes in laws and regulations governing HR \nmanagement;\n\n\n32 MSPB, The U.S. Office of Personnel Management in Retrospect\u2014Achievement and\nChallenges After Two Decades, Washington, D.C., \nDecember 2001, pp. 14-15. \n33 Ink, Dwight, \u201cWhat was Behind the 1978 Civil Service Reform?\u201d The Future of\nMerit\u2014Twenty Years After the Civil Service Reform Act, \nedited by James P. Pfiffner and Douglas A. Brook, The Woodrow Wilson Center\nPress, 2000, p. 44. \n34 MSPB, U.S. Office of Personnel Management and the Merit System: A\nRetrospective Assessment, Washington, D.C., June 1989, pp. 2-3. \n35 MSPB, U.S. Office of Personnel Management and the Merit System: A\nRetrospective Assessment, Washington, D.C., June 1989, p. 6. \n36 MSPB, U.S. Office of Personnel Management and the Merit System: A\nRetrospective Assessment, Washington, D.C., June 1989, p. 9. \n37 MSPB, Making the Public Service Work\u2014Recommendations for Change,\nWashington, D.C., September 2002, p. 17. \n38 MSPB, Making the Public Service Work\u2014Recommendations for Change,\nWashington, D.C., September 2002, pp. 17-19. There are \nprograms where Governmentwide standards and conventions are desirable (e.g.,\nemployee benefits and information systems) and \nothers where a single agency acting for the Federal Government can provide\nmore expertise, economies of scale, and accountability \n(e.g., retirement, training, and health benefits). The important point is that\none agency should manage these programs. If that agency \nis OPM, these programs should not diminish OPM\u2019s focus on the core functions\nlisted above.\n\n\n33 Merit Systems Protection Board Annual Report for FY 2018\n\n\n \nFebruary 28, 2019\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2854534, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='51' style='font-size:14px'>- 23 -</header>\n<p id='52' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 The City shall select two voting representatives and one retiree non-voting<br>representative;<br>\u2022 The Regina Qu\u2019Appelle Regional Health Authority shall select two voting<br>representatives;<br>\u2022 The Board of Education of the Regina School Division No. 4 of Saskatchewan<br>shall select one voting representative;<br>\u2022 The Regina Public Library Board shall select one voting representative;<br>\u2022 The selection of one voting representative shall rotate between Buffalo Pound<br>Water Administration Board and EPCOR Water Prairies Inc. in that order.</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he appointments for all of these are for two and three year terms, except the rotating member is<br>only for a two year term. Where the term of a representative that has been appointed expires, or<br>he or she resigns, is removed or dies, the participating employer that selected the member shall<br>select a replacement except where the appointment is of a rotating member and the term expires.<br>In that case the next employer selects the representative.</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n terms of appointment to the Administrative Board, the City is required to appoint six members<br>(all voting members) as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 The City shall select two representatives;<br>\u2022 The Regina Qu\u2019Appelle Regional Health Authority shall select two<br>representatives;<br>\u2022 The Board of Education of the Regina School Division No. 4 of Saskatchewan<br>shall select one representative;<br>\u2022 The Regina Public Library Board shall select one representative;</p>\n<p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>W here the term of a representative that has been appointed expires, or he or she resigns, is<br>removed or dies, the participating employer that selected the member shall select a replacement.</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n terms of making amendments to the Sponsorship and Trust Agreements, these agreements can<br>only be amended by agreement between the City and the Pension and Benefits Committee. As<br>the City is not the only employer in the Plan, there was a need to ensure that the City would not<br>agree to any amendment unless the amendment was agreed to by a majority of the participating<br>employers. It provides that there must be an agreement of at least an arithmetic majority of the<br>participating employers, where such majority includes each participating employer that employs<br>at least 33% of active members. There are some exceptions to this requirement where an<br>amendment is necessary to comply with law or is requested by the regulator. A similar process<br>is outlined for amendments to the Participating Employers\u2019 Agreement. A dispute resolution<br>mechanism is also provided for in the Agreement.</p>\n<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>R egulatory Changes to The Pension Benefits Regulations, 1993</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n order to implement the Plan changes, amendments to The Pension Benefits Regulations 1993<br>are required. The Superintendent of Pension\u2019s Office has consulted with the parties on the<br>changes to these regulations. While it is anticipated that the regulations will be considered in<br>October by the Government of Saskatchewan, at the time of filing this report, the exact timeline<br>was unknown.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 264232, "type": "text", "content": "only \nauthorised\u2014indicative \nNot\n\n\n \n\nHospital and Health Boards Act 2011 \nPart 12 Miscellaneous\n\n\n \n\n[s 280]\n\n\n \n\n(e) the function to grant a temporary exemption, or extend a \ntemporary exemption, under section 138C.\n\n\n280 Protecting officials\n\n\n \n\n(1) This section applies to each of the following persons\u2014\n\n\n(2)\n\n\n(3)\n\n\n \n\n(a) a member of a board; \n(b) a member of a committee of a board; \n(c) a health service chief executive; \n(d) a health service auditor, clinical reviewer or health \nservice investigator appointed by a health service chief \nexecutive; \n(e) an authorised person or security officer; \n(f) the chief executive; \n(g) a health service auditor, clinical reviewer or health \nservice investigator appointed by the chief executive; \n(h) an inspector or a person acting under the direction or \nauthority of an inspector; \n(i) the administrator appointed under section 53K. \nThe person is not civilly liable for an act done, or omission \nmade, honestly and without negligence under this Act. \nIf subsection (2) prevents a civil liability attaching to the \nperson, the liability attaches instead to\u2014\n\n\n \n\n(a) for a person mentioned in subsection (1)(a) to (e)\u2014the \nService; or \n(b) for a person mentioned in subsection (1)(f) to (i)\u2014the \nState.\n\n\n281 Approval of forms\n\n\n \n\nThe chief executive may approve forms for use under this Act.\n\n\nCurrent as at [Not applicable]\n\n\n \nPage 221\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 264230, "type": "text", "content": "[s 275]\n\n\n \n\nHospital and Health Boards Act 2011 \nPart 12 Miscellaneous\n\n\n275 Governor in Council may dismiss members of board\n\n\n \n\n(1) The Governor in Council may at any time, on the \nrecommendation of the Minister, dismiss all the members of a \nboard. \n(2) If the Governor in Council acts under subsection (1) the \nmembers go out of office. \n(3) The Minister may make a recommendation under \nsubsection (1) only if the Minister is satisfied it is in the \npublic interest to do so. \n(4) No compensation is payable to a member of the board in \nrelation to the dismissal of the member from the board.\n\n\n276 Governor in Council may appoint administrator for \nService\n\n\n \n\n# (1) This section applies\u2014\n\n\n \n\n(a) if the members of a board are dismissed under \nsection 275; or \n(b) if at any other time there are no members of a Service\u2019s \nboard; or \n(c) if, at the commencement of this section, a Service\u2019s \nboard has not been appointed.\n\n\n \n\n(2) The Governor in Council may, on the recommendation of the \nMinister, appoint the chief executive or another qualified \nperson to administer the Service.\n\n\n \n\n# (3) In this section\u2014\n\n\n \n\nqualified person means a person the Minister considers has \nthe necessary qualifications and experience to administer the \nService.\n\n\n277 Term and role of administrator\n\n\n \n\n(1) This section applies to the appointment of a person under \nsection 276 as an administrator of a Service under this part.\n\n\n \nonly \nauthorised\u2014indicative \nNot\n\n\nCurrent as at [Not applicable]\n\n\n \nPage 219\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Following the dismissal of a board, an administrator is appointed who oversees the transition of service staff and facilities. Simultaneously, the regulations impose the amalgamation of three services into one entity within a year. Given the complexity of these tasks, what multi-step approach must be undertaken to ensure all legal and operational stipulations are met?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 780, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1807808, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='20' style='font-size:14px'>c o n t e n t - r i c h i n s t ru c t i o n \u2022 655</header>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>vey more technical, scienti\ufb01c kinds of information (Duke & Billman, 2009). Such<br>visual design features might include picture glossaries, scale diagrams revealing re-<br>lationships among ideas within the topic, and illustration extensions, such as label-<br>ing, captions, and dialogue bubbles, that aid in the interpretation of text (Pappas,<br>1991). Previous shared book-reading interventions (e.g., Leung, 2008), however,<br>have tended to restrict their focus to vocabulary learning, ignoring a potentially<br>serendipitous effect: exposure to such genre features could additionally provide<br>preschool children with techniques for better comprehending information text.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Studies that integrate word and world knowledge and use genre features to their<br>advantage have taken on a special urgency with the adoption of the Common Core<br>State Standards (Neuman & Wright, 2013). By the end of kindergarten, children are<br>expected to possess the academic language associated with information text and be<br>able to acquire knowledge through these texts (Common Core State Standards Ini-<br>tiative, 2010). According to reports by the National Assessment of Educational<br>Progress (National Center for Education Statistics, 2011), over one-third of chil-<br>dren fail to read at basic levels by fourth grade, and the percentage is even higher<br>for children who live in poverty or come from marginalized ethnic and linguistic<br>communities. It becomes incumbent for educators and researchers to develop<br>more intensive and intentional opportunities for children to integrate their vocab-<br>ulary and content knowledge. Studies (e.g., Cunningham & Stanovich, 1991; Mol &<br>Bus, 2011; Neuman & Celano, 2012) have documented wide disparities in access to<br>print and vocabulary beginning early in children\u2019s lives, and the negative associa-<br>tions between limited vocabulary development and the long-term trajectory for<br>comprehension and reading performance (Cunningham & Stanovich, 1997). Fur-<br>thermore, studies have shown a Matthew Effect (Stanovich, 1986), or spiraling of<br>disadvantage or advantage, such that students who come to school with limited<br>vocabulary knowledge learn less new vocabulary and participate in fewer cogni-<br>tively rich instructional opportunities than their more average peers.</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To this end, the current study was designed to address the simultaneous goals<br>of improving children\u2019s vocabulary and concept knowledge. Because of the over-<br>lapping nature of concepts and for the purposes of clarity, we use the term \u201ccon-<br>cept\u201d to refer primarily to the taxonomic categories and exemplars of those catego-<br>ries that serve as our topics of instruction. Since concepts also include properties,<br>we refer to the attributes of these concepts as \u201ccategorical properties.\u201d Finally, we<br>use the term \u201ccore themes\u201d to refer to the broader conceptual information that ap-<br>plies across all of the concepts we teach. In this respect, we examine the nested na-<br>ture of concepts, the vocabulary and categorical properties within speci\ufb01c con-<br>cepts, and the connection of these concepts to the broader knowledge structure<br>of core themes.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This study was designed to investigate the ef\ufb01cacy of integrating vocabulary in-<br>struction and a content-rich shared book-reading intervention focusing on the life<br>sciences, a set of topics closely aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards<br>(Achieve, 2013). We hypothesized that placing special emphasis on building crucial<br>connections between vocabulary and domain-speci\ufb01c knowledge using informa-<br>tion text might improve preschoolers\u2019 word learning, concept knowledge, and<br>comprehension of core themes. At the same time, these connections may also en-<br>able children to develop their knowledge of the genre features of information text.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 99900, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='10' style='font-size:20px'>Download Free Polya S<br>Problem Solving Techniques</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>business one cloud, smacna<br>architectural sheet metal manual 5th<br>edition, 10 lorentz group and special<br>relativity, for god, country, and coca-<br>cola, 1991 chevy lumina z34 twin cam<br>timing marks, 2010 8th science study<br>guide, buy a research paper,<br>invertebrate zoology study guide,<br>secretary or general by simon<br>chesterman, follow your heart andrew<br>matthews, frigidaire es100 manual<br>guide, lafayette lucy foster madison<br>frank schoonover illustrations biography,<br>apply texas paper application, space and<br>earth quiz chapter 11, 3116 caterpillar<br>engine adjusting manual avidox, jeep<br>trailer wiring diagrams</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright : areaedeyn.sufjan.com</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Copyright code:<br>ecc4ee16e89feee15510f0387a305865.</p>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:16px'>Page 3/3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3116392, "type": "text", "content": "# Introduction\n\n\nWhat is reading? Reading is about understanding written texts. \nIt is a complex activity that involves both perception and \nthought. Reading consists of two related processes: word \nrecognition and comprehension. Word recognition refers to the \nprocess of perceiving how written symbols correspond to one\u2019s \nspoken language. Comprehension is the process of making \nsense of words, sentences and connected text. Readers typically \nmake use of background knowledge, vocabulary, grammatical \nknowledge, experience with text and other strategies to help \nthem understand written text.\n\n\n \n\nMuch of what we know about reading is based on studies \nconducted in English and other alphabetic languages. The \nprinciples we list in this booklet are derived from them, but \nmost also apply to non-alphabetic languages. They will have \nto be modified to account for the specific language.\n\n\n \n\nLearning to read is an important educational goal. For both \nchildren and adults, the ability to read opens up new worlds \nand opportunities. It enables us to gain new knowledge, enjoy \nliterature, and do everyday things that are part and parcel of \nmodern life, such as, reading the newspapers, job listings, \ninstruction manuals, maps and so on. Most people learn to read \nin their native language without difficulty. Many, but not all, \nlearn to read as children. Some children and adults need \nadditional help. Yet others learn to read a second, third or \nadditional language, with or without having learned to read in \ntheir first language. Reading instruction needs to take into \naccount different types of learners and their needs. Research \nhas shown that there is a great deal of transfer from learning \nto read in one language to learning to read in a second language.\n\n\n \n\nThe principles outlined below are based on studies of \nchildren and adults, native speakers as well as those learning \nto read in a second or foreign language. They deal with different \naspects of reading that are important in the planning and design \nof instruction and materials. The practical applications are based \non general learning principles, as well as on research. Briefly \nstated, these learning principles start with the learner in mind. \nThe type of learner will affect the type of methods and materials \nto be used. The context of learning is also important. For \ninstance, children and adults who are learning to read in a \nlanguage different from their native language will also need to\n\n\n6\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3116423, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='9' style='font-size:20px'>4. Vocabulary</h1>\n<h1 id='10' style='font-size:16px'>Vocabulary is crucial to reading<br>comprehension.</h1>\n<h1 id='11' style='font-size:14px'>Research findings</h1>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Many studies have shown that good readers have good voca-<br>bulary knowledge. In order to understand a text, readers need<br>to know the meanings of individual words. They construct an<br>understanding of the text by assembling and making sense of<br>the words in context. Vocabulary knowledge is difficult to<br>measure. It is, however, very important in learning to read and<br>in future reading development. Words that are recognized in<br>print have to match a reader\u2019s oral vocabulary in order to be<br>understood. This is important for children who are developing<br>oral proficiency, as well as for non-native speakers of a language.<br>In later reading development, when students read to learn, they<br>need to learn new vocabulary in order to gain new knowledge<br>of specific subject matter.</p>\n<h1 id='13' style='font-size:14px'>Practical applications</h1>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Vocabulary should be taught directly and indirectly. Direct<br>instruction includes giving word definitions and pre-teaching<br>of vocabulary before reading a text. Indirect methods refer<br>to incidental vocabulary learning, e.g. mentioning, extensive<br>reading and exposure to language-rich contexts.<br>\u2022 Repetition and multiple exposures to vocabulary items (e.g.<br>through speaking, listening and writing) are important. This<br>should ideally be done in connection with authentic learning<br>tasks.<br>\u2022 Vocabulary learning should involve active engagement in<br>tasks, e.g. learning new vocabulary by doing a class project.<br>\u2022 Word definitions in texts aid vocabulary development.<br>\u2022 Multiple methods, not dependence on a single method, will<br>result in better vocabulary learning.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Suggested readings: Nagy, Herman & Anderson, 1985; Nagy<br>& Scott, 2000; Shu, Anderson & Zhang,<br>1995.</p>\n<footer id='16' style='font-size:14px'>12</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3116425, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='26' style='font-size:20px'>6. Comprehension</h1>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:18px'>Comprehension is an active process in the<br>construction of meaning.</h1>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:14px'>Research findings</h1>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Comprehension is the process of deriving meaning from connected<br>text. It involves word knowledge (vocabulary) as well as thinking<br>and reasoning. Therefore, comprehension is not a passive process,<br>but an active one. The reader actively engages with the text to<br>construct meaning. This active engagement includes making use<br>of prior knowledge. It involves drawing inferences from the words<br>and expressions that a writer uses to communicate information,<br>ideas and viewpoints.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Recent studies have focused on how readers use their<br>knowledge and reasoning to understand texts. The term<br>\u2018comprehension strategies\u2019 is sometimes used to refer to the process<br>of reasoning. Good readers are aware of how well they understand<br>a text while reading. Good readers also take active steps to<br>overcome difficulties in comprehension. Students can be instructed<br>in strategies to improve text comprehension and information use.</p>\n<br><h1 id='31' style='font-size:14px'>Practical applications</h1>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Instruction can improve comprehension by focusing on concepts<br>and the vocabulary used to express them.<br>\u2022 Comprehension can also be enhanced by building on students\u2019<br>background knowledge, e.g. by having a group discussion<br>before reading.<br>\u2022 Teachers can guide students by modelling the actions they can<br>take to improve comprehension. These actions include: asking<br>questions about a text while reading; identifying main ideas;<br>using prior knowledge to make predictions.<br>\u2022 Teaching a combination of different strategies is better than<br>focusing on one.<br>\u2022 Different methods have been found to be effective in teaching<br>text comprehension. Teachers can use combinations of the<br>following:</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>o Co-operative or group learning;<br>o Graphic organizers (e.g. flow charts, word webs);<br>o Asking and answering questions;<br>o Story structure;<br>o Summarizing;<br>o Focusing on vocabulary.</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Suggested readings: Durkin, 1993; Block & Pressley, 2002;<br>National Reading Panel, 2000.</p>\n<footer id='35' style='font-size:16px'>14</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2937674, "type": "text", "content": "14\n\n\n \nI. Kuzborska / Journal of English for Academic Purposes xxx (2011) 1\u201315\n\n\n# Appendix\n\n\n# An interview extract\n\n\nI: your students read these texts, so what is the purpose of reading these\ntexts?\n\n\n \n\nD: hm uh, well, to familiarize them with certain topics and, let\u2019s say, to get\nthem to know something in more detail, \nfor example, certain facts, or names, or events. Well, mainly to acquaint them\nwith something. Of course, from that, \nfrom these texts comes the English language too. Because, in fact, mostly\neverything centres around these texts. Well, \ngrammar, maybe there is a drawback here. We can\u2019t integrate grammar with\ntexts. We can\u2019t do it in such a way as, for \nexample, there is a text and there are modal verbs and you can teach grammar\nfrom that text. So we can\u2019t do such \na thing.\n\n\n \n\nI: hm\n\n\n \n\nD: you need more time for that, to \ufb01nd such texts with such structures, but\notherwise \nI: with what structures? \nD: well, let\u2019s say, with modals or past perfect, when you have them in a text.\nBut in these texts there are more\n\n\n \n\nterms. The\n\n\n \n\npurpose is to teach them certain terms in order that they could learn these\nterms; because vocabulary is the core of this \ntextbook.\n\n\n \n\nI: hm\n\n\n \n\nD: of course, plus grammar. But this grammar isn\u2019t suited to those structures \nI: so the core is vocabulary, [to increase their vocabulary \nD: [hm hm hm hm \nI: and these texts, where are they taken from? I saw some references \nD: there are references \nI: hm \nD: and they are taken from this book [showing the title of the book] uh\n\u2018Oxford English\n\n\n \n\nof Information Technology\u2019, a lot of\n\n\n \n\n# them\n\n\n \n\nI: hm \nD: or from the Internet \nI: how did you select these texts? \nD: well, some texts are also from,\n\n\n \n\nwhere? For example, when students brought me their home reading, well, the\nbeginning \nwas from, where? They, let\u2019s say, would bring me their home reading and would\nleave it with me. I asked them to leave those \ntexts. And, for example, I would look at what was interesting for the\nstudents. I would think, \u2018uh they read about operational \nsystems, so it means it could be interesting for them\u2019.\n\n\n \n\nI: sorry, you mean your previous students? \nD: yes, yes, before designing this textbook \nI: hm hm \nD: so, I would keep those texts. But otherwise, you mainly take common things.\nWell, how? You yourself have to enquire \nabout these things in order that you could know something about operational\nsystems. Anyway, you have to know something\n\n\n \n\nI: hm \nD: well, we started to think what they would need. They would need history,\noperational systems; they would need\n\n\n \n\nsomething about hackers. Well, that book, it helped us, the one about\ninformational systems in English.\n\n\n \n\nI: hm\n\n\n \n\nD: there is that content, so it helped us. Let\u2019s say, it helped us choose\ntopics because the textbook is divided into topics \n[showing the content of the textbook].\n\n\n \n\nI: hm hm\n\n\n \n\nD: so topics such as, for example, \u201cElectronic Commerce\u201d, \u201cComputer Virus\u201d,\n\u201cSecurity\u201d, \u201c\u2018Developments\u201d and these \n\u201cPeripherals\u201d, \u201cMultimedia\u201d, \u201cInternet\u201d.\n\n\nD: so this book helped us select topics, it\u2019s not as if we ourselves invented\nsomething. Well, maybe we added something, \nchanged something. Of course, there is a different sequence and everything.\nSome topics are completely different but the \nbasis is from this book [referring to book \u2018Oxford English of Information\nTechnology\u2019].\n\n\n \n\nI: hm\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nAbromitis, B. (1994). The role of metacognition in reading comprehension:\nimplications for instruction. Literacy Research Report, 19, 1\u201331. \nAmer, A. A. (1992). The effect of story grammar instruction on EFL students\u2019\ncomprehension of narrative text. Reading in a Foreign Language, 8(2), 711\u2013720. \nBocanegra-Valle, A. (2010). Evaluating and designing materials for the ESP\nclassroom. In M. Ruiz-Garrido, J. C. Palmer-Silveira, & I. Fortanet-G\u00f3mez\n(Eds.), \n141\u2013165).\n\n\n \n\nEnglish for professional and academic purposes (pp. Amsterdam: Rodopi.\n\n\n \n\n81\u2013109.\n\n\n \n\nBorg, S. (2003). Teacher cognition in language teaching: a review of research\non what language teachers think, know, believe, and do. Language Teaching, 36,\n\n\nBorg, S. (2006). Teacher cognition and language education: Research and\npractice. London: Continuum.\n\n\nCambridge: Cambridge University Press.\n\n\n \n\nBorg, S. (2009). Language teacher cognition. In A. Burns, & J. C. Richards\n(Eds.), The Cambridge guide to second language teacher education (pp.\n163\u2013171).\n\n\nPlease cite this article in press as: Kuzborska, I., Teachers\u2019 decision-making\nprocesses when designing EAP reading materials in\n\n\n \n\na Lithuanian university setting, Journal of English for Academic Purposes\n(2011), doi:10.1016/j.jeap.2011.07.003\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3116417, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='39' style='font-size:18px'>Introduction</h1>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>What is reading? Reading is about understanding written texts.<br>It is a complex activity that involves both perception and<br>thought. Reading consists of two related processes: word<br>recognition and comprehension. Word recognition refers to the<br>process of perceiving how written symbols correspond to one\u2019s<br>spoken language. Comprehension is the process of making<br>sense of words, sentences and connected text. Readers typically<br>make use of background knowledge, vocabulary, grammatical<br>knowledge, experience with text and other strategies to help<br>them understand written text.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Much of what we know about reading is based on studies<br>conducted in English and other alphabetic languages. The<br>principles we list in this booklet are derived from them, but<br>most also apply to non-alphabetic languages. They will have<br>to be modified to account for the specific language.</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Learning to read is an important educational goal. For both<br>children and adults, the ability to read opens up new worlds<br>and opportunities. It enables us to gain new knowledge, enjoy<br>literature, and do everyday things that are part and parcel of<br>modern life, such as, reading the newspapers, job listings,<br>instruction manuals, maps and so on. Most people learn to read<br>in their native language without difficulty. Many, but not all,<br>learn to read as children. Some children and adults need<br>additional help. Yet others learn to read a second, third or<br>additional language, with or without having learned to read in<br>their first language. Reading instruction needs to take into<br>account different types of learners and their needs. Research<br>has shown that there is a great deal of transfer from learning<br>to read in one language to learning to read in a second language.</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The principles outlined below are based on studies of<br>children and adults, native speakers as well as those learning<br>to read in a second or foreign language. They deal with different<br>aspects of reading that are important in the planning and design<br>of instruction and materials. The practical applications are based<br>on general learning principles, as well as on research. Briefly<br>stated, these learning principles start with the learner in mind.<br>The type of learner will affect the type of methods and materials<br>to be used. The context of learning is also important. For<br>instance, children and adults who are learning to read in a<br>language different from their native language will also need to</p>\n<footer id='44' style='font-size:14px'>6</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3116433, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='5' style='font-size:20px'>References</h1>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Abu-Rabia, S. 1996. The influence of culture and attitudes on reading<br>comprehension in SL: the case of Jews learning English and<br>Arabs learning Hebrew. Reading psychology (Bristol, PA),<br>vol. 17, no. 3, p. 253\u201371.<br>Adams, M.J. 1998. Beginning to read: thinking and learning about print.<br>Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.<br>Afflerbach, P.P. 1990. The influence of prior knowledge and text genre<br>on readers\u2019 prediction strategies. Journal of reading behavior<br>(Chicago, IL), vol. 22, no. 2, p. 131\u201348.<br>Alexander, P.A., Jetton, T.L.; Kulikowich, J.M. 1995. Interrelationships<br>of knowledge, interest, and recall: assessing a model of<br>domain learning. Journal of educational psychology<br>(Washington, DC), vol. 87, p. 559\u201375.<br>Allington, R.L. 1983. Fluency: the neglected reading goal in reading<br>instruction. The reading teacher (Newark, DE), vol. 36,<br>p. 556\u201361.<br>Bernhardt, E.B. 1991. Reading development in a second language: theo-<br>retical, empirical, and classroom perspectives. Norwood, NJ:<br>Ablex.<br>\u2014\u2014. 2000. Second language reading as a case study of reading scho-<br>larship in the 20th century. In: Kamil M.L.; Mosenthal, P.B.;<br>Pearson, P.D., eds. Handbook of reading research, vol. 3,<br>p. 813\u201334. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.<br>Block, C.C.; Pressley, M., eds. 2002. Comprehension instruction: research-<br>based best practices. New York, NY: Guilford Press.<br>Bormuth, J.R., et al. 1970. Children\u2019s comprehension of between- and<br>within-sentence syntactic structures. Journal of educational<br>psychology (Washington, DC), vol. 61, p. 349\u201357.<br>Caldwell, J.S. 2002. Reading assessment: a primer for teachers and tutors.<br>New York, NY: Guilford.<br>Carver, R. 1994. Percentage of unknown vocabulary words in text as a<br>function of the relative difficulty of the text: implications for<br>instruction. Journal of reading behavior (Chicago, IL), vol. 26,<br>p. 413\u201338.<br>Clay, M.M. 1985. The early detection of reading difficulties. 3rd ed.<br>Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.<br>\u2014\u2014. 2001. Change over time in children\u2019s literacy development.<br>Auckland, NZ: Heinemann.<br>Cunningham, A.E. 1990. Explicit versus implicit instruction in phone-<br>mic awareness. Journal of experimental child psychology (San<br>Diego, CA), vol. 50, p. 429\u201344.<br>Droop, M.; Verhoeven, L. 1998. Background knowledge, linguistic<br>complexity, and second language reading comprehension.<br>Journal of literacy research (Chicago, IL), vol. 30, no. 2,<br>p. 253\u201371.<br>Durkin, D. 1993. Teaching them to read (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn &<br>Bacon.</p>\n<footer id='7' style='font-size:16px'>22</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 99899, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='6' style='font-size:20px'>Download Free Polya S<br>Problem Solving Techniques</h1>\n<br><h1 id='7' style='font-size:16px'>tendency has been digitized when books<br>evolve into digital media equivalent \u2013 E-<br>Boo</h1>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>vmware horizon mirage installation<br>guide, training guide configuring<br>windows server 2012 advanced services<br>(mcsa): configuring windows server<br>2012 advanced services (microsoft press<br>training guide), business law 4th edition<br>james morgan, the skinny actifry<br>cookbook: guilt-free and delicious actifry<br>recipe ideas: discover the healthier way<br>to fry!, r hu hakiki, aqa a2 accounting<br>unit 3 further aspects of financial<br>accounting, dagon, integrating word and<br>excel concept review answers, viper<br>791xv wiring guide, exoplanets, ny fire<br>guard exam f01, earth science 11th<br>edition tarbuck lutgens, the art science<br>of respect a memoir by james prince,<br>classic garden structures, product<br>design for life insurance and annuities,<br>abeuk members area manual past<br>papers, motivational speech students<br>before exams, an introduction to sap</p>\n<br><footer id='9' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2/3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 99898, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Download Free Polya S<br>Problem Solving Techniques</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Polya S Problem<br>Solving Techniques</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>As recognized, adventure as<br>competently as experience nearly<br>lesson, amusement, as with ease as<br>promise can be gotten by just checking<br>out a ebook polya s problem solving<br>techniques with it is not directly done,<br>you could endure even more in the<br>region of this life, vis--vis the world.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We offer you this proper as competently<br>as easy pretension to acquire those all.<br>We present polya s problem solving<br>techniques and numerous books<br>collections from fictions to scientific<br>research in any way. accompanied by<br>them is this polya s problem solving<br>techniques that can be your partner.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We understand that reading is the<br>simplest way for human to derive and<br>constructing meaning in order to gain a<br>particular knowledge from a source. This</p>\n<br><footer id='5' style='font-size:14px'>Page 1/3</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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If the document involves reading as an essential method for gaining knowledge and contains diverse topics across different fields, how is the reading complexity increased by the presence of different themes, and what implications does this have for comprehensively understanding diverse content?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 782, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["textual reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2759924, "type": "text", "content": "\u2013 33 \u2013\n\n\n1\\. All of the principal clusters exhibit a signi\ufb01cant fraction of sources\nwith detectable \ncircumstellar emission. This is evidence in favor of recent formation across\nthe whole \ncomplex. Class I sources are distributed preferentially in high extinction\nregions, in- \ndicating the most recent episodes of formation. However, Class III sources are\npresent \nalso near these highly embedded regions: this could be indicative of age\nspreads com- \nparable to the T Tauri timescale (and possibly longer, if we consider young\nsources that \nescape classi\ufb01cation via our color and X-ray emission scheme) across the whole\ncom- \nplex. However, this could also be the result of rapid dissipation of disks,\nparticularly \nfor intermediate to high mass sources.\n\n\n \n\n2\\. The age spread of IC 1795 cluster may be at least 4 Myr. This cluster also\nhas a slightly \nlarger density of Class III sources (e.g. 7 vs 5 percent of all YSO candidates\ndown to a \nde-reddened brightness of H=13.5 mag, estimated within R3\u03c3 in IC 1795 and\nW3-Main, \nrespectively). This is in agreement with previous studies that suggest this is\nthe more \nevolved population in the complex. Also, the lack of nebulosity or strong CO\nemission \nis indicative of gas dispersal, which agrees with a more evolved cluster.\nHowever, the \nmean age that we estimate for this cluster is not very di\ufb00erent from that of\nthe youngest \nclusters in the complex, W3-Main and W3(OH). Also, the RII:III ratio in IC\n1795 is \ncomparable to W3-Main and W3(OH) and so is the total fraction of circumstellar\ndisk \nsources in this cluster (about 30 percent within r3\u03c3[IC1795]). Still, no Class\nI sources \nare longer present in IC 1795. These results are not contradictory. They all\nsuggest \nthat the forming gas dispersal timescale in IC1795 was rapid, comparable or\nfaster \nthan the T Tauri timescale.\n\n\n \n\n3\\. The KLF analysis suggest that W3(OH) has an age and age spread not very\ndi\ufb00erent \nfrom IC 1795. Again, this is indicative of more than one episode of formation.\nThe \nmain groups A, B and C in W3(OH) are still embedded in bright nebulosity and\nthe \nprincipal cluster has a large circumstellar disk fraction, comparable to IC\n1795 and \nW3-Main. There is also a signi\ufb01cant number of Class I sources in W3(OH).\nHowever, \nthere may be slightly older groups toward the eastern edge of the complex,\njudging \nfrom the presence of Class II and Class III sources to the edge of the\nmolecular clump \nand no nebulosity. The RII:III maps show an abrupt termination at the eastern\nside \nof the W3(OH) principal cluster which reinforces this idea. The structure in\nW3(OH) \n(specially if there is an older component) weakens the argument of a Gaussian\ncluster \nused for the GMM analysys. We need deeper photometric data in order to\nreconcile \nthis problem.\n\n\n \n\n4\\. The KLF modeling analysis shows that IC 1795-N and NGC 896 may host the\noldest \nclusters in the complex with a mean age between 3.5 and 4 Myr. These two\naggregations\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 129293, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Isochrone fitting is only as good as the dataset. The main source<br>of error in these fittings comes from non-member stars being included. Many (if not all) of the stars above<br>the main sequence in the M35 and M37 CMDs are field stars, and no doubt impacted the fitting. Removing<br>these stars via RV or proper motion measurements would greatly increase the power of this technique.</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Another source of contamination is from binary stars. Binaries form a main sequence offset from the single<br>star main sequence and therefore shift the correct fit. By fitting each star\u2019s spectral energy distribution to<br>models of binaries and single stars, the binaries in the cluster will be filtered out, leaving us with only single<br>star cluster members. This analysis will be completed in the near future and these fittings will be run again.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>References:<br>Marigo, P., et al. 2008, A&A, 482, 833<br>Dotter, A., et al. 2007, AJ, 134, 376<br>Skrutskie, M., et al. 2006, AJ, 131, 1163<br>Deokkeun An et al. 2009. AJ, 700, 523<br>Yadav, R., et al. 2008, A&A, 484, 609</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2115900, "type": "text", "content": "Croatian Review of Economic, Business and Social Statistics (CREBSS) \nUDK: 33;519,2; DOI: 10.1515/crebss; ISSN 1849-8531 (Print); ISSN 2459-5616\n(Online)\n\n\n \nVol. 4, No. 2, 2018, pp. 67-77\n\n\n\u03b1~flat prior \n\u03b2~ flat prior \n\u03b3~Beta(2,2) \n\u03c9~Beta(0.5,0.5) \n\u03c4~Gamma(1,0.5)\n\n\n \n(9)\n\n\n.\n\n\n \n\nT he prior distributions of the parameters \uf061 and \uf062 are flat priors, which in\nWinbugs \ncan be approximated by a Normal distribution with mean 0 and variance\n1,000,000. \nVery often, the Bayesian logistic regression requires a flat prior, used to\nprovide as \nlittle information as possible on the parameters (Gill, 2002). In my model, as\nin the \ntraditional Bayesian logistic regression, the calculation of the posterior\ndistribution is \nnot simple and it requires the use of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method.\n\n\n \n\n# E mpirical analysis\n\n\n \n\nThe new method is demonstrated using 691 appointments observed in a hospital \nclinic in the second quarter of 2016. The distance to clinic does not affect\nthe \nprobability of being present at the visit because all of the patients,\nanalyzed in this \npaper, belong to the same neighbourhood. Figure 1 describes the non-monotone \ntrend of the probability of being present based on age groups.\n\n\n \n\nFigure 1 Empirical probability of presence\n\n\nT his paper analyses how age affects the probability of being present at the \nmedical examination. Therefore, the variable of interest \ud835\udc4c is dichotomous and\nit \nassumes value 1 if the patient is present and value 0 otherwise. The\nexplanatory \nvariable \ud835\udc4b, which may influence the probability of being present, is\nrepresented by \nthe factor age. The probability \ud835\udc5d is linked to the explanatory variable age by\nfunction \n(3), being \ud835\udc4b, by its very nature, greater than or equal to 0. The zero\nrepresents the \nchildren until 12 months. The parameters \uf061, \uf062, \uf067, \uf077 and \uf074 are estimated using\nWinbugs \nsoftware. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo method is used to obtain the posterior \ndistributions from the prior distributions and the likelihood function. Two\nMarkov chain \nare calculated such that Brooks-Gelman-Rubin test can be applied. For any\nchain, it \nis necessary to select the initial values of the parameters, which are\nrespectively (0, -\n\n\n71\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2759959, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='17' style='font-size:18px'>\u2013 24 \u2013</header>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>cluster by Muench et al. (2003)10. Each of the \ufb01xed parameters will add its own error to the<br>estimate of the best value for the running parameters, and there are also errors associated<br>with the use of one or other isochrone model set. A full discussion of the method is out of<br>the scope of this paper, however, the feasibility of this method has been properly discussed<br>by Muench (2002) (chapter 5).</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We made a grid of cluster models that varied the minimum age of the population between<br>0.5 and 10 Myr, in steps of 0.5 Myr, and having star formation age spreads of 1.0 to 5.0 Myr.<br>For each minimum age and age spread value, we simulated 500 arti\ufb01cial KLFs and compared<br>each of them with our observed KLF using a simple reduced \u03c72 scheme. Averaging over the<br>simulations, we are able to determine which age or group of ages \ufb01ts the observed KLF better<br>(see Figure 9). Our estimate of the age and age spread is de\ufb01ned by those models for which<br>the con\ufb01dence limit is above 68% (2-sigma). In Figure 10 we show two examples of the age<br>estimation scheme: we plot the mean age used in the simulation versus the width of the age<br>spread. The reduced \u03c72 value contours indicate the grid values for which the age models \ufb01t<br>better (25 percentile). In these examples, the W3-Main cluster shows a very clear \ufb01t for a<br>population with an age spread of less than 2.5 Myr, and a mean age of around 2.0 Myr. The<br>IC 1795, instead, is less well constrained: we see two local \u03c72 minima in the contour map.<br>The \ufb01rst one agrees with a mean cluster age of less than 2.5 Myr old and an age spread of<br>less than 3 Myr. The second minimum suggests a mean age between 2.5 and 3.5 Myr and an<br>age spread between 3 and 5 Myr. The second option agrees much better with spectroscopic<br>studies of IC 1795, particularly the one by Oey et al. (2005). To be conservative, we consider<br>a mean age between 2.0 and 4.0 Myr, and an age spread in the whole range of 1.0 to 5.0 Myr.<br>The main reason for the discrepancy in IC 1795 is the large number of very young (Class<br>II) sources still present in the IC 1795 region, which is indicative of a mixed age population.<br>The analysis suggests a very similar age and spread for W3(OH), which is surprising given<br>that it hosts more embedded populations. The analysis for clusters IC 1795-N and NGC 896<br>yield mean ages from 2.5 to 4.5 and from 3.5 to 5.0 Myr with possible spreads from 2.0 to 5.0<br>and from 1.0 to 5.0 Myr, respectively. Unfortunately, the upper limits in the age spread are<br>not well constrained for most clusters, however, age spreads much larger than 5 Myr sound<br>little plausible for embedded star cluster populations. In table 2 we list the main results of</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>10Notice that we cannot sample the whole mass spectrum at the distance of W3, specially given the high<br>extinction. However, our AV -limited samples are complete down to K=16.25 mag which at the distance of<br>W3 (2.05 kpc) and given the estimated ages of the clusters, could range between 0.05 and 0.3 M\u2299, with an<br>average around or below 0.1 M\u2299. This is below the expected peak of the IMF at 0.2 M\u2299 and that is why<br>we consider necessary to use the three parts of the broken power-law parametrization. The interpolation<br>code of Muench et al. (2000) takes into consideration the minimum and maximum brightness of the cluster<br>observations and samples the IMF within the proper ranges.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2759915, "type": "text", "content": "\u2013 24 \u2013\n\n\ncluster by Muench et al. (2003)10. Each of the \ufb01xed parameters will add its\nown error to the \nestimate of the best value for the running parameters, and there are also\nerrors associated \nwith the use of one or other isochrone model set. A full discussion of the\nmethod is out of \nthe scope of this paper, however, the feasibility of this method has been\nproperly discussed \nby Muench (2002) (chapter 5).\n\n\n \n\nWe made a grid of cluster models that varied the minimum age of the population\nbetween \n0.5 and 10 Myr, in steps of 0.5 Myr, and having star formation age spreads of\n1.0 to 5.0 Myr. \nFor each minimum age and age spread value, we simulated 500 arti\ufb01cial KLFs and\ncompared \neach of them with our observed KLF using a simple reduced \u03c72 scheme. Averaging\nover the \nsimulations, we are able to determine which age or group of ages \ufb01ts the\nobserved KLF better \n(see Figure 9). Our estimate of the age and age spread is de\ufb01ned by those\nmodels for which \nthe con\ufb01dence limit is above 68% (2-sigma). In Figure 10 we show two examples\nof the age \nestimation scheme: we plot the mean age used in the simulation versus the\nwidth of the age \nspread. The reduced \u03c72 value contours indicate the grid values for which the\nage models \ufb01t \nbetter (25 percentile). In these examples, the W3-Main cluster shows a very\nclear \ufb01t for a \npopulation with an age spread of less than 2.5 Myr, and a mean age of around\n2.0 Myr. The \nIC 1795, instead, is less well constrained: we see two local \u03c72 minima in the\ncontour map. \nThe \ufb01rst one agrees with a mean cluster age of less than 2.5 Myr old and an\nage spread of \nless than 3 Myr. The second minimum suggests a mean age between 2.5 and 3.5\nMyr and an \nage spread between 3 and 5 Myr. The second option agrees much better with\nspectroscopic \nstudies of IC 1795, particularly the one by Oey et al. (2005). To be\nconservative, we consider \na mean age between 2.0 and 4.0 Myr, and an age spread in the whole range of\n1.0 to 5.0 Myr. \nThe main reason for the discrepancy in IC 1795 is the large number of very\nyoung (Class \nII) sources still present in the IC 1795 region, which is indicative of a\nmixed age population. \nThe analysis suggests a very similar age and spread for W3(OH), which is\nsurprising given \nthat it hosts more embedded populations. The analysis for clusters IC 1795-N\nand NGC 896 \nyield mean ages from 2.5 to 4.5 and from 3.5 to 5.0 Myr with possible spreads\nfrom 2.0 to 5.0 \nand from 1.0 to 5.0 Myr, respectively. Unfortunately, the upper limits in the\nage spread are \nnot well constrained for most clusters, however, age spreads much larger than\n5 Myr sound \nlittle plausible for embedded star cluster populations. In table 2 we list the\nmain results of\n\n\n10Notice that we cannot sample the whole mass spectrum at the distance of W3,\nspecially given the high \nextinction. However, our AV -limited samples are complete down to K=16.25 mag\nwhich at the distance of \nW3 (2.05 kpc) and given the estimated ages of the clusters, could range\nbetween 0.05 and 0.3 M\u2299, with an \naverage around or below 0.1 M\u2299. This is below the expected peak of the IMF at\n0.2 M\u2299 and that is why \nwe consider necessary to use the three parts of the broken power-law\nparametrization. The interpolation \ncode of Muench et al. (2000) takes into consideration the minimum and maximum\nbrightness of the cluster \nobservations and samples the IMF within the proper ranges.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1552573, "type": "text", "content": "Table 2. Chronologic assumptions of age models. Interpolation within and ext\nrapolation \nbeyond control points shown is linear. For the combined PATCH ELBOW and PATC\nHTUNE- \nUP records, data from 0 to 785 cm in RC11-120 were combined with data below\n825 5 cm in in \ncm \nE49-18.\n\n\n \n\n*Age of isotopic stage 6-5 boundary (17). tAge of isotopic stage 8-7 boundary (251,000 years) and bound- \nary 12-11 (440,000 years) (31). tCarbon-14 determination (35).\n\n\nTable 3. Frequency-domain test of orbital theory based on SIMPLEX chronology\nfor two deep- \nsea cores. Values are mean periods (in thousand years per cycle) of peaks in\nunpre -whitened \ngeologic and orbital spectra.\n\n\n \n\n*Geologic and orbital spectra for this interval were calculated with n = 91 and m = 40 (57). tGeologic tGeologic \nand orbital spectra for this interval were calculated with n = 121 and m = 50\n(57).\n\n\nTable 4. Frequency-domain test of orbital theory using ELBOW chronology for\nPAT 'CH core. \nValues are mean periods (in thousand years per cycle) of peaks and subpeaks in\ngec >logic and \n= 163 and m = 50 (57)]. Orbital data calculations cover the pas ;t 468,000 \norbital spectra [n \nyears.\n\n\n \n\n*Peaks in prewhitened spectra are significant at P = .05. \n1124\n\n\n \n\nAlthough the percentage C. davisiana \ncurve has a character distinct from the \nother two, its maxima are generally cor- \nrelated in timing, but not in amplitude, \nwith Ts minima and S180 maxima, except \nin stages 8 and 9.\n\n\n \n\nTime control. A basic chronological \nframework for these sequences is estab- \nlished by determining the absolute ages \nof certain horizons. In RC11-120, car- \nbon-14 dating at the 36- to 39-cm level \nyields an age of 9400 ? 600 years (35). \nThis level marks the most recent Ts maxi- \nmum and substantially precedes the \nNorthern Hemisphere hypsithermal, \nwhich at many sites has been dated at \nabout 6000 years ago (1).\n\n\n \n\nThe age of the boundary between \nstage 12 and stage 11 was taken from \nShackleton and Opdyke (31), who esti- \nmated it at 440,000 years in an equatorial \nPacific core (V28-238) by assuming uni- \nform accumulation between the core top \nand the magnetic reversal marking the \nBrunhes-Matuyama boundary. Extinc- \ntion of S. universus occurred globally on \nthis stage boundary (44), so that the esti- \nmates of 400,000 years for the age of this \nextinction (46) in the North Pacific and \nAntarctic constitute independent deter- \nminations for the age of the 12-11 bound- \nary. The range of these figures expresses \nthe current age uncertainty of this bound- \nary (47).\n\n\n \n\nIn many areas there is evidence for a \nchange in accumulation rate around \nstage 6 (48) so that we have used an \nindependent estimate of 251,000 years \nfor the stage 8-7 boundary. This esti- \nmate, like that for the 12-11 boundary, \nwas taken from Pacific core V28-238\n\n\n \n\n(31). \nThe age of the stage 6-5 boundary is \n. \nwithin the range of several radiometric \ndating techniques, and has been the cor- \nnerstone of some previous attempts to \nsupport specific versions of the orbital \nhypothesis. We have used an age of \n127,000 years which has an analytical \nerror estimated at + 6000 years (17). At \nthis point in our analysis we do not exper- \niment with other published ages (49) be- \ncause it is very difficult to reconcile all \nthe terrace coral ages from Barbados, \nNew Guinea, and Hawaii (15, 23, 24, 50) \nand data from deep-sea cores (51) with\n\n\n \n\nany substantially different age (52).\n\n\n \n\nChronological models. To test the or- \nbital theory, age models (Table 2) must \nbe developed to express each geological \nvariable as as a function of time. We do this \nby assuming that sediment accumulated \nat a constant rate between the horizons \nfor which we have independent esti- \nmates of age. Although uniform sedimen- \ntation is an ideal which is unlikely to \nprevail precisely anywhere, the fact that\n\n\n \n\nSCIENCE, VOL. 194\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1908151, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='38' style='font-size:20px'>854</header>\n<br><header id='39' style='font-size:14px'>J O U R N A L O F C L I M A T E</header>\n<br><header id='40' style='font-size:14px'>VOLUME 26</header>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>is in fact mostly uniform, and spatiotemporal dynamics<br>(such as frontal systems) typically occur on shorter time<br>scales and are removed by the averaging process.</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In contrast to the usual methods in stochastic model-<br>ing, where the model is derived by careful analysis of the<br>data, reasonable a priori assumptions, veri\ufb01ed through<br>preliminary analysis of the data, about the processes are<br>used by Tingley and Huybers (2010a) and revisited be-<br>low to create a simple model. The model is then veri\ufb01ed<br>to work reasonably well by checking diagnostics such as<br>the convergence of the posteriors or predictive experi-<br>ments. Those predictions can be made by using the derived<br>set of parameters to estimate, for example, the tempera-<br>tures at locations where available data were withheld from<br>the initial experiment. In the context of pseudoproxy ex-<br>periments, the reconstructions can be interpreted as<br>predictive experiments.</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>1) THE BAYESIAN HIERARCHICAL MODEL</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To actually employ a Bayesian hierarchical model<br>(BHM) in climate \ufb01eld reconstructions, the climate \ufb01eld<br>as well as the response of the different types of proxies must<br>be modeled as a hierarchy of stochastic processes (e.g.,<br>Tingley and Huybers 2010a; Tingley et al. 2012; Li et al.<br>2010). Another level of hierarchy is represented by the<br>model parameters that are not set to a \ufb01xed value, but<br>rather by postulating a probability density function esti-<br>mated from the data. The corresponding parameters are<br>called \u2018\u2018hyperparameters\u2019\u2019 and they are used to represent<br>the prior knowledge about the system derived either from<br>an understanding of the processes themselves or through<br>initial analyses of the data. These parameters are discussed<br>in detail by Tingley and Huybers (2010a) and the speci\ufb01c<br>selections for our model are given in the appendix. Ulti-<br>mately, the BHM provides estimates for the posterior<br>PDFs of \ufb01eld variables and process parameters. These<br>posterior PDFs can be used to evaluate the derived results;<br>failure to converge can hint at problematic model assump-<br>tions, both in the model/likelihood and prior speci\ufb01cations,<br>and/or insuf\ufb01cient amounts of data. Similar conclusions are<br>implied by discrepancies between the posteriors and<br>expert knowledge entering through the prior PDFs.</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The employed statistical model was originally pro-<br>posed by Tingley and Huybers (2010a). We will brie\ufb02y<br>show and motivate the chosen model equations for the<br>temperature \ufb01eld at the N locations Tt 2 RN at time step<br>t 2 [850, 1980] and the instrumental and proxy response<br>WP,t 2 RN, WI,t 2 RN:</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l}{{\\displaystyle{\\Gamma_{t+1}-\\mu=\\alpha({\\bf T}_{t}-\\mu)+\\epsilon_{T,t},\\quad\\Psi_{I,t}={\\bf{\\cal H}}_{I,t}({\\bf T}_{t}+\\epsilon_{I,t}),}}}\\\\ {{\\displaystyle{\\bf W}_{P,t}={\\bf H}_{P,t}({\\beta_{1}\\Pi_{t}+\\beta_{0}+\\epsilon_{P,t}).}}}\\end{array}$$</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2759916, "type": "text", "content": "\u2013 25 \u2013\n\n\nFig. 9.\u2014 Left: Extinction (AV ) limited selected sample for W3-Main using K vs\nH K \n\u2212 \ncolor-magnitude diagram. The solid thick line is the zero-age main sequence.\nThe two thick, \ndotted lines are a 3 Myr isochrone from the models of D\u2019Antona & Mazzitelli\n(1997), before \nand after adding an extinction of AV = 20 mag. This is also indicated by the\nextinction \nvector that runs from the lowest mass point (0.3 M\u2299). The dot-dashed line\nindicates the \nsensitivity limit of our Calar Alto data set. Solid symbols indicate sources\nselected out as \npossible foreground sources. The open circle symbols indicate sources selected\nas cluster \nmembers in the \ufb01nal sample. Right: An illustration of KLF \ufb01tting, for IC 1795.\nThe solid, \nblack histogram is the observed KLF, after subtraction of the \ufb01eld component;\nthe red, green \nand blue lines are arti\ufb01cial KLFs modeled after the properties of the cluster,\nusing the code \nof Muench et al., with reduced \u03c72 probabilities of 0.95, 0.68 and 0.22,\nrespectively.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2004591, "type": "text", "content": "Exploring the role of the Sun\u2019s motion in terrestrial comet impacts 9\n\n\nq/AU\n\n\n \n\nTime BP/Myr\n\n\n \nFigure 9. The variation of the perihelion of one comet calculated with three \ndifferent integration methods: AHM (black solid), CM (red dashed), and \nAMUSE-based method (blue dotted).\n\n\nEarth. If injected comets enter an observable zone within < 5 AU \nthen they may be observed as a LPC. Comets which are injected \ninto the loss cone or which are ejected from the solar system (i.e. \nachieve heliocentric distances larger than 4 105 AU) are removed \n\u00d7 \nfrom the simulation.\n\n\n \n\nThe observable comets are only a subset of the injected comets \nbecause some injected comets can be ejected again by Saturn and \nJupiter. But assuming that this is independent of the orbital ele- \nments over long time scales, we assume that the \ufb02ux of injected \ncomets is proportional to the \ufb02ux of LPCs. Inner Oort cloud comets, \nin particular comets with a < 3000 AU, may be injected into \nthe loss cone (q < 15 AU) but not enter the observable zone \n(q < 5 AU) (Kaib & Quinn 2009). In our simulations we will ex- \namine the properties of comets injected into both types of target \nzone, and we will refer to such injected comets as LPCs. Once we \nhave identi\ufb01ed the injected comets, we calculate the Galactic lat- \nitudes bc and longitudes lc of their perihelia. Because the orbital \nelements of the class 1A LPCs are recorded during their \ufb01rst pas- \nsage into inner solar system, we can reasonably assume that the di- \nrection of the LPC perihelion is unchanged after entering the \u201closs \ncone\u201d. In Section 5 and 7, we will model the terrestrial cratering \ntime series and the anisotropic perihelion of LPCs based on the in- \njected comet \ufb02ux. Speci\ufb01cally, in Section 5, we will show how we \nconvert the simulations of the perturbations of the cometary orbits \ninto a model for the time variation of the cometary \ufb02ux entering the \ninner solar system.\n\n\n# 4 BAYESIAN INFERENCE METHOD\n\n\n \n\nWe summarize here our Bayesian method for quantifying how well \na time series model can describe a set of cratering data (or in- \ndeed any other series of discrete time measurements with uncer- \ntainties). A full description of the method and its application to the \ncratering data for various non-dynamical models can be found in \nBailer-Jones (2011a,b).\n\n\n \n\n4.1 Evidence\n\n\n \n\nIf we de\ufb01ne D as the time series of craters and M as some model \nfor these data, then the evidence of the model is de\ufb01ned as\n\n\n \n\n$$P(D|M)=\\int_{\\theta}P(D|\\theta,M)P(\\theta|M)d\\theta,$$\n\n\n \n(15)\n\n\nwhere \u03b8 is the parameters of the model, and P (D \u03b8, M ) and \n| \nP (\u03b8 M ) are the likelihood of the data and the prior distribution \n| \nover the parameters, respectively. The evidence is therefore the \nprior-weighted average of the likelihood over the parameters. It \ngives the overall ability of the model to \ufb01t the data, rather than \nthe power of any individual set of parameters. As is well known in \nstatistics, and further described in Bailer-Jones (2011a), this is the \nappropriate metric to use in order to compare models of different \n\ufb02exibility or complexity.\n\n\n \n\nIf tj is the true (unknown) time of the impact of crater jth, and \n\u03c4j is the measured time with corresponding uncertainty \u03c3j , then an \nappropriate error model for this measurement is\n\n\n \n\n$$P(\\tau_{j}|\\sigma_{j},t_{j})=\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2\\pi}\\sigma_{j}}\\exp[-(\\tau_{j}-t_{j})^{2}/2\\sigma_{j}^{2}]\\;.$$\n\n\n \n(16)\n\n\nThe likelihood for one crater measurement can then be calculated \nby integrating over the unknown time\n\n\n \n\n$$\\begin{array}{l l\nl}{{P(\\tau_{j}|\\sigma_{j},\\theta,M)}}&{{=}}&{{\\displaystyle\\int_{t_{j}}P(\\tau_{j}|\\sigma_{j},t_{j},\\theta,M)P(t_{j}|\\sigma_{j},\\theta,M)d\nt_{j}}}\\\\\\\n{{}}&{{=}}&{{\\displaystyle\\int_{t_{j}}P(\\tau_{j}|\\sigma_{j},t_{j})P(t_{j}|\\theta,M)d\nt_{j}\\;.}}&{{}}\\end{array}$$\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 129292, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>WIYN Open Cluster Survey: Comparison of Padova and Dartmouth<br>Isochrones Using Deep Near-Infrared Data for Key Open Clusters</p>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:22px'>Benjamin Thompson1, P. Frinchaboy1, T. Irwin2, J. Kalirai3<br>1Texas Christian University, 2Texas A&M, 3STSCI</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Abstract: We present a comparison of results from using Padova (Marigo et<br>al. 2008) and Dartmouth (Dotter et al. 2007) isochrones for several open clusters<br>(M35, M37, M67) in the infrared. Using newly reduced deep near-infrared data<br>(J ~ 20), we compare the validity of these isochrones at low mass, and over a<br>wide range in cluster ages. In addition, we combine the new deep NIR data with<br>2MASS, mid infrared photometry (3.0-8.0 micron) and optical (UBVRI/ugriz) data<br>to construct a wide photometric set for each cluster. We look for variations in<br>isochrone-derived parameters when using different color-magnitude combinations.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Photometry: Observations of three clusters (M67, M37, M35) were taken<br>using the NOAO Extremely Wide Field Imager (NEWFIRM) on the Kitt Peak<br>telescope in 2009. Near-Infrared photometry (JHKS) was obtained down to J ~ 20<br>in each of the clusters and merged with existing 2MASS photometry (Skrutskie et<br>al. 2006) to build a complete near-infrared data set for each cluster.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Mid-infrared data ([3.6][4.5][5.8][8.0]) for each of the clusters is from our own<br>Spitzer Space Telescope study (Frinchaboy et al., in prep).</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Visual data for M67 is from Deokkeun An et al. (2008) and contains photometry<br>for the SDSS filters ugriz. Visual data for M37 and M35 comes from the Canada<br>France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) using B and V filters (Kalarai, private communi-<br>cation).</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The M67 data set was cleaned using membership and RV information from Yadav<br>et al. (2008)</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Automated Isochrone Fitting Routine: Given an isochrone<br>curve with parameters Q = (a, z, m, r), we calculate the distance in the color-<br>magnitude plane from each cluster star to the isochrone curve. This gives us a<br>sequence of distances (d0,\u2026,dN)Q where N is the number of cluster stars in the<br>CMD. The isochrone parameters which minimize the average of this sequence is<br>taken to be the best fit for the CMD. The standard errors of the fit are estimated<br>by bootstrapping. A resampled data set is constructed by randomly selecting<br>(with replacement) N data points from the cluster. We then fit an isochrone to<br>this resampled data set as above. We perform 200 such resamplings, and the<br>standard errors we quote are the standard deviations of the resulting fits.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Isochrone Fitting Trends:</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>M67</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Padova isochrones overestimated Z systematically, but tracked very closely with<br>accepted values for age and distance.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dartmouth fittings underestimated age, especially in the visual, but this is expected<br>since the Sloan data does not extend much above the turnoff point. Most other fits<br>determine the correct age. Adding short observations of M67 using ugriz filters will<br>help improve fittings.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>M37</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dartmouth isochrones have only been generated up to Z = 0.21, so Z is always<br>underestimated. Padova fits are widely distributed by Z, with very few getting the<br>correct value.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dartmouth isochrones all determined the correct age of M37, the lowest age available.<br>M35</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Z is accurately determined by all fittings and distance is correctly, but weakly,<br>determined. Ages are widely distributed with the mode at a much older age.</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Overall Trends</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CMDs involving K vs MIR or MIR vs MIR are almost completely vertical (as seen<br>in M67 and M37 above), giving little to no information about distance or Z. Their<br>results, while included in figures, are ignored when discussing overall trends.</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Disregarding M67\u2019s visual fittings (explained above), Dartmouth isochrones determined</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>both Z and age much more accurately than Padova.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There was agreement between both isochrone systems in determining distance to<br>all clusters. Padova determined distance to M67 more accurately, while Dartmouth<br>worked better for M37.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Padova isochrones have some problems fitting the CMD in the lower main sequence.<br>Padova fits diverge in Visual-NIR combination CMDs, as seen in M67 and M37.<br>Dartmouth isochrones seem to fit well in this region, and may be more useful when<br>comparing visual and NIR data. In other combinations (like the ones in M35),<br>Padova isochrones fit accurately.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='22' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(2839,1938); bottom-right:(4312,2955)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>NGC2682 (M67)</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(LEFT) CMDs for given cluster with overplotted best fit isochrones. Black: Best-fit Padova isochrone. Red: Best-fit Dartmouth isochrone.<br>(RIGHT) Best-fit parameters plotted vs CMD wavelength. Grey lines are accepted values. Blue: Visual vs Visual (V,B-V; g,g-r; etc.). Green: NIR vs NIR<br>(J,J-H; J,J-K; etc). Cyan: MIR vs MIR ([3.6],[3.6]-[8.0]; etc.). D = Dartmouth, P = Padova.<br>(BOTTOM) Histogram of best-fit parameter results from all CMD color-magnitude combinations (g vs u-g, g-r, g-K, etc.; J vs g-J, r-J, J-H, J-K, etc). Black:<br>results from Padova isochrone fits. Red: results from Dartmouth isochrone fits.</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>NGC2099 (M37)</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='26' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(2805,3202); bottom-right:(4319,3857)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>D</p>\n<table id='28' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>P</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>D</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>NGC2168 (M35)</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>D</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dartmouth isochrones have a minimum age of 350MYr. As</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='34' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(2733,4423); bottom-right:(4343,5528)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NGC2168\u2019s accepted age is 100MYr, none of the isochrones</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>would have fit properly, and were therefore were neglected.</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Future Improvements:</p>\n<br><table id='38' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>P</td><td></td></tr></table>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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From the standpoint of temporal evolution and using the isochrone models, describe how temporal dynamics influence model selection for age determination in clusters with different accepted ages. Why is one model prioritized over another, and how do these considerations affect the integration of photometric data?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 784, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2298352, "type": "text", "content": "88:22\n\n\n \n\nS. K. Park et al.\n\n\nFig. 16. Lifetime of PRAM main memory.\n\n\nof 5GB/s and the maximum write bandwidth of 2GB/s were used. From these\nvalues, \nthe effective write traf\ufb01c (Be f f ) was used instead of the memory access\ntraf\ufb01c, because \nonly writes to the PRAM main memory affect the PRAM lifetime. Be f f was\ncalculated \nusing ((2 \u00b7 Write Ratio+5 \u00b7 Read Ratio) \u00b7 PRAM Write Ratio). PRAM Write Ratio\nwas \nused because a DRAM buffer was used, thereby considering the ratio of actual\nPRAM \nwrite operations to total memory operations for calculating the effective\nwrite traf\ufb01c. \nActually, because of other factors (the victim selection and the idle time\nbetween the \nmemory requests), we cannot achieve the maximum bandwidth for all memory\naccesses. \nHowever, in order to show the worst-case lifetime, we assume that our approach\ncan be \nperformed with the maximum bandwidth. Wmax was calculated by (max write count\n\u00b7 \ncoverage(MB) \n). This is because each benchmark has its own memory coverage, which \n512(MB) \nmeans a range of virtual memory addresses, and it is performed within the\ncoverage in \nour evaluation. Therefore, we normalized the maximum write count by using the\nPRAM \nmain memory size and the memory coverage of benchmarks. With these parameters, \nthe system lifetime was \ufb01nally calculated.\n\n\n \n\nFigure 16 shows the lifetime of the PRAM main memory. For the libquantum\nbench- \nmark, the PRAM lifetime increased up to 34.81 years compared to 0.2 years of\nthe \nprevious wear-leveling algorithm, due to the prevention of skewed write\noperations to \na speci\ufb01c page by considering the clean data and write count in the DRAM\nbuffer. For \nthe bzip2, gcc, and h264ref benchmarks, the PRAM lifetime increased from 1.25,\n0.89, \nand 2.96 years of the previous wear-leveling algorithm to 1.88, 1.08, and 4.54\nyears, \nrespectively. For the mcf, sjeng, and omnetpp benchmarks, the PRAM lifetime of\nthe \nbaseline system is only 0.001, 0.004, and 0.002 years, respectively. This is\nbecause they \nhave large maximum write counts compared to other benchmarks. Nevertheless,\n18.8 \ntimes, 3.36 times, and 7.7 times longer PRAM lifetime was achieved compared to\nthe \nbaseline system. For the gobmk benchmark, only 1.15 times longer PRAM lifetime\nwas \nachieved compared to an LRU only scheme because the gobmk benchmark has a uni- \nform write pattern. On average, the PRAM lifetime increased from 0.36 years\nwith the \nbaseline and 0.68 years with the previous wear-leveling algorithm to 5.32\nyears with \nthe proposed algorithm. Except for the libquantum benchmark, which had an\nextreme \nlifetime increase, the PRAM lifetime increased to 1.11 years.\n\n\n5.2.7. Additional Write Overhead by Swapping and Shifting Operations. Although\nthe swap- \nping and shifting operations have improved the wear-leveling effect, they make\naddi- \ntional read and write operations. As shown in Figure 17, we evaluated the\nratio of the \nadditional write count to the total PRAM write count. For the previous wear-\nleveling \nalgorithm, the ratio was 4.9% on average (from 1.1% in the bzip2 benchmark to\n8.8%\n\n\nACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, Vol. 13, No. 4, Article 88,\nPublication date: February 2014.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142165, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10 Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Authors\u2019 Instructions</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='1' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(369,245); bottom-right:(910,476)\" /></figure>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 5. Average read latencies for three di\ufb00erent types of schedulers (normalized to the<br>NOOP scheduler)</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='3' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(372,569); bottom-right:(906,793)\" /></figure>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 6. Average write latencies for three di\ufb00erent types of schedulers (normalized to<br>the NOOP scheduler)</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='5' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(341,888); bottom-right:(941,1096)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='6' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 7. A comparison of the write latency reduction relative to PIQ among four di\ufb00erent<br>wear-out stages</caption>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>vary greatly. For example, compared to PIQ, the greatest improvement made in<br>the src trace is 17.17%, but the slightest improvement made in the mds trace<br>is only 2.73%. This is due to the di\ufb00erent percentages of requests enrolled in<br>con\ufb02ict \u2013 VIOS works for I/O intensive applications where more requests can be<br>processed in parallel and optimized. Table I shows the percentages of con\ufb02icts<br>collected under the P/E cycling of 12K with NOOP scheduler. One can also<br>observe that the percentage of con\ufb02icts in src is 77.74%, which has an impact</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2298376, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Adaptive Wear-Leveling Algorithm for PRAM Main Memory with a DRAM Buffer</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>88:15</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Table II. Storage Overhead for Managing 16MB DRAM Buffer with 512MB PRAM Main Memory</p>\n<br><table id='41' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>Structure</td><td>Storage Overhead</td><td>Storage Location</td></tr><tr><td>Metadata for DRAM Buffer (16MB)</td><td>Tag Bits Dirty Bits LRU Bits</td><td>832KB (26bits/64B) 32KB (1bit/64B) 576KB (18bits/64B)</td><td>SRAM</td></tr><tr><td>Metadata for PRAM Main Memory (512MB)</td><td>Write Counts Remap Table Shifting Bits</td><td>32MB (4B/64B) 512KB (4B/4KB) 96KB (6bits/4KB)</td><td>PRAM</td></tr><tr><td>Total Storage Overhead</td><td></td><td>34MB</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>count per line unit. Therefore, 32MB for 512MB PRAM main memory is needed because<br>4B is needed for storing each line\u2019s write count. 4B is large enough to handle over 108<br>write counts. Second, a remap table is needed for the swapping operation. In order to<br>maintain the remap table, we need 0.5MB for 512MB PRAM main memory because<br>4B is needed to store each page\u2019s address. For the shifting operation, 6 bits per page is<br>needed, thereby making 96KB necessary for 512MB of PRAM main memory. Therefore,<br>the total storage overhead for managing the 16MB DRAM buffer and 512MB PRAM<br>main memory, is 34MB. Except for the write count management, the storage overhead<br>is 2MB which takes 0.4% of the total main memory size. In order to reduce the write<br>count management overhead, we will consider bit arrays [Chang et al. 2010]. By using<br>a clock algorithm instead of an LRU scheme, we can also reduce the storage overhead.<br>With these schemes, the total storage overhead can be signi\ufb01cantly reduced.</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The adaptive wear-leveling algorithm is accompanied by the performance overhead.<br>First, in the PRAM-aware DRAM buffering scheme, the victim selection procedure<br>needs to \ufb01nd a victim with the lowest write count in the window, which requires a linear<br>search. Although the linear search has O(n) complexity, it cannot signi\ufb01cantly in\ufb02uence<br>the overall performance because of a limited window size [Jo et al. 2006]. Second,<br>the swapping and shifting operations consist of read and write operations, thereby<br>potentially creating a latency problem, especially in a multiple swapping operation<br>that exchanges multiple pages at once. In order to overcome the latency problem in the<br>future, exploiting the write pausing and cancellation scheme [Qureshi et al. 2010] or<br>the bank usage table scheme with the multibank characteristic [Delaluz et al. 2002]<br>will be considered. Therefore, we can improve the latency by reducing the overhead<br>incurred by wear-leveling operations. It is better to show the actual measurement of<br>the processing and time overhead, but the current memory controller is designed for<br>measuring the PRAM write counts to show the wear-leveling effect. In the future we<br>will analyze this computation overhead with a cycle-accurate memory controller.</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>5. EXPERIMENT</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In this section, we present the experimental environment and results obtained with<br>the adaptive wear-leveling algorithm. In the experimental environment section, the<br>speci\ufb01cations of the simulator, workload characteristics, metrics, and comparisons are<br>explained. In the experimental results section, the effects of the PRAM-aware DRAM<br>buffering scheme, adaptive multiple data swapping and shifting scheme, and DRAM<br>buffer-aware data swapping and shifting scheme as compared to previous wear-leveling<br>algorithms are shown. Finally, the PRAM lifetime is discussed.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3434935, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='166' style='font-size:20px'>Session J4: Flash Security</header>\n<br><header id='167' style='font-size:20px'>CCS\u201917, October 30-November 3, 2017, Dallas, TX, USA</header>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='168' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"1200 350 105\nUnmodified SSD\n1000 FlashGuard (2 days) 300\nMicroseconds 600 FlashGuard (20 days) Microseconds 200 Microseconds 103\n104\nFlashGuard (4 days)\n250\n800 FlashGuard (8 days)\nFlashGuard (16 days)\n150\n102\n400\n100\n101\n200 50\n0 0 100\nh o m e e r c h r s k n e C C E\nT P\nm s - t s s r e v e b r s e a il\nT P C\nc o u\nm s - h m d s r n x y c hm s - s r cm s - s t g\nm s - u\nm s - p\nw e b m\nm s - w\nm s - m\nm s - p r\nI O Z o\nr e s e a r\nw e b u s e\nm s - r s r\nm s - w d\nm a il s e r v\nP o s t m a r\n(a) Server Storage in Enterprise (b) Server Storage in University (c) Misc I/O Workloads\" data-coord=\"top-left:(169,183); bottom-right:(1103,439)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='169' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 9: The average latency of running real-world workloads with FlashGuard vs. Unmodified SSD. The time of holding<br>retained invalid pages in FlashGuard ranges from 2 days to 20 days. FlashGuard\u2019s average latency is almost the same as that<br>of the unmodified SSD for a variety of workloads.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='170' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"60 35 60\nUnmodified SSD FlashGuard (8 days)\n50 FlashGuard (2 days) FlashGuard (16 days) 30\n50\n(x1000) 40 (x1000) 25 (x1000) 40\nFlashGuard (4 days) FlashGuard (20 days)\n20\n30\n30\n15\nIOPS 20 IOPS 10 IOPS 20\n10 05 10\n0\n0\nh o m e e r c h r s k n e C C E\nT P\nT P C\nm s - t s s r e v e b r s e a il\nc o u\nm s - h m d s r n x y c hm s - s r cm s - s t g\nm s - u\nm s - p\nw e b m\nm s - w\nI O Z o\nm s - m\nm s - p r\nr e s e a r\nw e b u s e\nm s - r s r\nm s - w d\nm a il s e r v\nP o s t m a r\n(a) Server Storage in Enterprise (b) Server Storage in University (c) Misc I/O Workloads\" data-coord=\"top-left:(171,534); bottom-right:(1101,791)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='171' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 10: The average throughput of running real-world workloads with FlashGuard vs. Unmodified SSD. FlashGuard has<br>negligible impact on the I/O throughput for most of these workloads.</caption>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='172' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Read Write Read-Overwrite\n100\n(%)\n80\nPercentage 60\n40\n20\n0\nT P C CT P C E\nh o m e e r c h r s r k n e\nm s - s r c t gm s - t s s r e v e b s e a il\nm s - s\nm s - h m d s r n x y c h\nm s - u\nm s - p\nc o u r\nm s - w\nm s - m\nm s - p r\nI O Z o\nm s - r s r\nw e b m\nm s - w d\nr e s e a r\nw e b u s e\nP o s t m a\nm a il s e r v\" data-coord=\"top-left:(137,898); bottom-right:(585,1113)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='173' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 11: The analytics on the I/O patterns of the real-world<br>application workloads.</caption>\n<p id='174' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>retained invalid pages by counting them as valid pages, which<br>reduces the chances of moving retained invalid pages. Third, the GC<br>is executed in background, which allows FTLs schedule GC during<br>the idle time of flash controller, further reducing the performance<br>interference caused by GC. Finally, the existing I/O schedulers and<br>FTLs provide decent GC efficiency (i.e., the valid page movements<br>during GC procedure) for many workloads. When all the pages<br>on a flash block are invalid, the flash block will be erased without<br>incurring any page movement. In FlashGuard, no additional page<br>movement is required for a flash block whose pages are all retained<br>invalid pages.</p>\n<br><p id='175' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>To further understand the performance overhead of FlashGuard,<br>we profile the GC events and collect statistics on the number of addi-<br>tional page movements. As shown in Table 4, all the FIU workloads<br>incur no additional page movements, although the time of holding<br>the retained invalid pages is set to be 20 days. For the workloads<br>running in enterprise servers, up to 0.8% of the page movements<br>are contributed by retaining invalid pages. For those I/O intensive<br>workloads such as Postmark, TPCC and TPCE, more page move-<br>ments are introduced. Since the IOZone traces are write-only, no<br>pages are required to be retained in FlashGuard.</p>\n<br><p id='176' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We also investigate how the over-provisioning (i.e., reserve more<br>free blocks in SSD) affects FlashGuard\u2019s performance. We increase<br>the over-provisioning ratio from 15% (default setting) to 20% and<br>30% respectively, and do the performance comparison with the<br>unmodified SSD. As demonstrated in Figure 12, the average I/O<br>latency of running a variety of real-world workloads on FlashGuard<br>is almost the same as that of running these workloads on unmodified<br>SSD, indicating that FlashGuard has negligible negative impact<br>on regular storage operations. As we increase the ratio of over-<br>provisioning, the average latency is slightly decreased for both<br>unmodified SSD and FlashGuard because the storage capacity is<br>traded for performance. In terms of the storage throughput with<br>different over-provisioning ratio (not shown in the paper), we reach<br>the similar conclusion that FlashGuard introduces trivial overhead.</p>\n<footer id='177' style='font-size:20px'>2240</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2752857, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='25' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Test Run Date: 11/11/2011 09:53 AM Report Run Date: 11/15/2011 03:34 PM\nClient Latency (REQUIRED) - Report Page\nRev. PTS-C 1.0\nSNIA SSS TWG: Solid State Storage Performance Test Specification (PTS)\nPage 5 of 6\nDevice Under Test VENDOR: SSD MODEL NO: TEST\n(DUT) ABC CO. MLC-A 256 GB SPONSOR\nSerial No. !' ' ' ' #' ' ' ' #$$$$ DUT Preparation Test Loop Parameters Steady State\nFirmware Rev %$' & Purge Security Erase REQUIRED: Convergence YES\nCapacity 256 GB Pre-Conditioning Data Pattern RND Rounds 4-8\nNAND Type MLC Workload 2X SEQ/128KiB Outstanding IO PC AR 100%\nDevice I/F 6 Gb/s SATA Independent RND LAT Loop OIO/Thread (QD) 1 AR AMOUNT 16 GiB\nTest Platform RTP 2.0 CTS 6.5 Workload Dep. Full Latency Loop Thread Count (TC) 1 AR Segments 2048\nClient - AVE Latency vs BS and R/W Mix - 3D Plot\n8<>6%\n8<=6%\n6<@; %\n8<66%\n6<?6%\n!'#$%&#'(% 6<96% 6<>: %\n6<: >%\n6<; : %\n6<>; %\n6<; ; %\n6<>6%\n67866%\n6<=6%\n6<=6%\n6<=6% 9: 7; : %\n6<=>%\n6<66%\n6<: % 86676%\n>% ) 7A %. '0%\n?%\nBC*DE%F'G$%&H'B(%\" data-coord=\"top-left:(153,223); bottom-right:(1112,1409)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='26' style='font-size:16px'>SSS PTS-C<br>Version 1.2</footer>\n<br><footer id='27' style='font-size:18px'>SNIA Technical Position</footer>\n<br><footer id='28' style='font-size:20px'>75</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2298380, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>88:18</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='74' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(244,247); bottom-right:(630,485)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>S. K. Park et al.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='76' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(649,248); bottom-right:(1025,485)\" /></figure>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 11. Multiple data swapping effect as a function of operation timing and number of swapping pages,<br>(X, Y) = (Total PRAM write count, number of swapping pages).</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>\ufb01rst in the window as a victim, thus making its effect signi\ufb01cant in read-intensive<br>workloads.</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>We can also show that the maximum write count is reduced as the window size in-<br>creases. While a large window size reduces the maximum write count, the computation<br>overhead for \ufb01nding the victim in the window substantially increased. Therefore, a<br>window size is set to 0.005 of the DRAM buffer size for further evaluation because<br>its average maximum write count is similar to that of 0.01 (0.48 vs. 0.45), but its<br>computation overhead is two times lower than that of 0.01.</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>From the experimental results, we concluded that the PRAM-aware DRAM buffering<br>scheme can reduce the maximum write count and standard deviation of the write count<br>as compared to the LRU scheme.</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>5.2.2. Effect of a Multiple Data Swapping and Line-Level Data Shifting Scheme. This section<br>describes the effect of multiple data swapping and line-level data shifting schemes<br>based on the operation timings and the number of swapping pages. We used an LRU<br>scheme as the baseline buffering scheme only to show the effect of the swapping<br>and shifting schemes. The results were normalized to that of an LRU scheme without<br>any swapping and shifting scheme. For the multiple data swapping scheme, the opera-<br>tion timing was determined by the total PRAM write counts, which was set to 128000,<br>1280000, and 12800000. According to the operation timing, the number of swapping<br>pages was set to 10, 100, and 1000. This is because an additional write overhead<br>was maintained under 1% of the total PRAM write counts. For the line-level shifting<br>scheme, the operation timing was determined by the PRAM write count per page, and<br>it was set to 256, 1024, and 4096. From the evaluations with various con\ufb01gurations, we<br>were able to \ufb01nd an appropriate con\ufb01guration that shows the best wear-leveling effect.</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Figure 11 shows the effect of the multiple data swapping scheme. The (X, Y) con-<br>\ufb01guration represents the operation timing and the number of swapping pages. The<br>operation timing is determined by the total PRAM write count. The multiple data<br>swapping scheme can reduce both the maximum write count and standard deviation<br>of the write count by evening out the write counts among the pages. The maximum<br>write count is reduced by up to 64% in h264ref, and the standard deviation is reduced<br>by up to 62% in omnetpp. In the (1280000, 100) con\ufb01guration, four benchmarks, gcc,<br>sjeng, h264ref, and omnetpp, show the best wear-leveling effects, while other bench-<br>marks, bzip2, mcf, and gobmk, show the best wear-leveling effects in the (12800000,<br>1000) con\ufb01guration. Only the libquantum benchmark achieved the best wear-leveling<br>effect in the (128000, 10) con\ufb01guration. For some workloads with the (128000, 10)<br>con\ufb01guration, the multiple data swapping scheme does not achieve the wear-leveling</p>\n<footer id='83' style='font-size:14px'>ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, Vol. 13, No. 4, Article 88, Publication date: February 2014.</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142163, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>8 Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Authors\u2019 Instructions</p>\n<figure><img id='67' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"B0\nI/O Queue (M)\n3 2 1 Blocks B0 (M) B1 (S) B2 (F) B2 B1\n(F) (S)\n(a) Variation-aware block allocation\nI/O Queue\n3 2 1 Blocks B0 (M) B1 (S) B2 (F)\n(b) Normal block allocation\" data-coord=\"top-left:(408,244); bottom-right:(870,529)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='68' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 4. Block allocation process. Program speed represented by Slow (S), Medium (M)<br>and Fast (F).</caption>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>may access multiple chips in NAND \ufb02ash memory, we scatter the request into<br>separate sub-requests. Each sub-request is only able to gain access to one chip.<br>The sub-request accessing the chip whose NR is more than 1 will be allocated<br>to a faster block from the red-black tree of the chip. Otherwise, a slower block is<br>chosen for the sub-request. Figure 4 shows the process of scheduling three con\ufb02ict<br>sub-requests when only three pages in three blocks with di\ufb00erent speeds are<br>empty. As the Figure 4(a) shows, the variation-aware block allocation algorithm<br>assigns the \ufb01rst two sub-requests to currently faster blocks for the reason that<br>one or more sub-requests are still waiting in the queue. The last sub-request<br>is allocated to a slower block because no con\ufb02ict sub-request is waiting at this<br>moment. Assuming that the write latency of fast, medium and slow blocks are<br>150\u00b5s, 180\u00b5s, and 210\u00b5s respectively, the average request response time of the<br>proposed algorithm is (150+330+540)/3 = 340 \u00b5s, while that of the normal<br>algorithm (Figure 4(b)) which distributes blocks in order is (180+390+540)/3 =<br>370 \u00b5s. Therefore, by incorporating the awareness of inter-block variation into<br>I/O scheduling, the access con\ufb02ict latency of I/O requests is reduced signi\ufb01cantly.</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Overhead Analysis The overheads of the proposed I/O scheduler are analyzed<br>as follows. According to the detailed descriptions of components above, the im-<br>plementation of VIOS needs to maintain hierarchical-batch structured queues in<br>the I/O queue. Since the number of channels and chips in NAND \ufb02ash memory is<br>limited, all sets can be stored as binary words and the set-intersection/set-union<br>operation can be performed as an O(1)-time bitwise-AND/OR operation. This<br>storage overhead is negligible for an I/O queue. Furthermore, the complexity of<br>adding an incoming I/O request into the hierarchical-batch structured queues<br>is proportional to the sum of the number of chip batches and the number of<br>channel batches, and it is less than the queue length of I/O scheduler, which<br>also has negligible cost.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2752805, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>3</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='index' style='font-size:20px'>2.2.1.2 OIO/Thread: Same as in step 2.1 above.<br>2.2.1.3 Thread Count: Same as in step 2.1 above.<br>2.2.1.4 Data Pattern: Required = Random, Optional = Test<br>Operator Choice<br>2.2.2 For (R/W Mix % = 100/0, 95/5, 65/35, 50/50, 35/65, 5/95, 0/100)<br>2.2.2.1 For (Block Size = 1024KiB, 128KiB, 64KiB, 32KiB, 16KiB,<br>8KiB, 4KiB, 0.5KiB)<br>2.2.2.1.1 Execute random IO, per (R/W Mix %, Block<br>Size), for 1 minute<br>2.2.2.1.2 Record Ave IOPS (R/W Mix%, Block Size)<br>2.2.2.1.3 Use IOPS(R/W Mix% = 0/100, Block Size = 4KiB)<br>to detect Steady State.<br>2.2.2.1.4 If Steady State is not reached by Round x=25,<br>then the Test Operator shall either continue<br>running the test until Steady State is reached, or<br>may stop the test at Round x. The Measurement<br>Window to determine WIPC termination is defined<br>as Round x-4 to Round x.<br>2.2.2.2 End (For Block Size) Loop<br>2.2.3 End (For R/W Mix %) Loop<br>Run Workload Dependent Preconditioning and Test stimulus. Set test parameters<br>and record for later reporting<br>3.1 Set and record test conditions:<br>3.1.1 Device volatile write cache = Disabled<br>3.1.2 OIO/Thread: Same as in step 2.1 above.<br>3.1.3 Thread Count: Same as in step 2.1 above.<br>3.1.4 Data Pattern: Required= Random, Optional = Test Operator<br>Choice.<br>3.1.5 Active Range Segmentation Configuration:<br>3.1.5.1 Required setting: No Segmentation<br>3.1.5.2 Optional Setting: Segmentation Enabled as follows:<br>3.1.5.2.1 Number of ActiveRange Segments = 2048<br>3.1.5.2.2 ActiveRange Segment Size = ActiveRange<br>Amount divided by 2048<br>3.1.5.2.3 Distribution of ActiveRange Segments:<br>randomly distributed within the entire<br>ActiveRange. The ActiveRange Segments are not<br>allowed to touch.<br>3.2 Run the following test loop until Steady State is reached, or maximum of 25<br>Rounds:<br>3.2.1 For (R/W Mix % = 100/0, 95/5, 65/35, 50/50, 35/65, 5/95, 0/100)<br>3.2.1.1 For (Block Size = 1024KiB, 128KiB, 64KiB, 32KiB, 16KiB,<br>8KiB, 4KiB, 0.5KiB)<br>3.2.1.1.1 Execute RND IO, per (R/W Mix %, Block Size), for<br>1 minute<br>3.2.1.1.2 Record Ave IOPS (R/W Mix%, Block Size)<br>3.2.1.1.3 Use IOPS (R/W Mix% = 0/100, Block Size = 4KiB)<br>to detect Steady State.<br>3.2.1.1.4 If Steady State is not reached by Round x=25, then<br>the Test Operator may either continue running the<br>test until Steady State is reached, or may stop the<br>test at Round x. The Measurement Window is<br>defined as Round x-4 to Round x.</p>\n<br><footer id='49' style='font-size:14px'>SSS PTS-C<br>Version 1.2</footer>\n<br><footer id='50' style='font-size:16px'>SNIA Technical Position</footer>\n<br><footer id='51' style='font-size:20px'>24</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 142164, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='71' style='font-size:14px'>Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Authors\u2019 Instructions 9</header>\n<h1 id='72' style='font-size:20px'>4 Experimental Results</h1>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>To evaluate our proposed variation-aware I/O scheduler, we perform a series of<br>trace driven simulations and analysis. We implement VIOS as well as baseline<br>NOOP scheduling and state-of-the-art PIQ scheduling within an event-driven<br>simulator named as SSDSim [19], which provides the detailed and accurate sim-<br>ulation of each level of parallelism. Note that write speed detection technique<br>is implemented with all of the schedulers. We simulate a 128GB SSD with 8<br>channels, each of which is connected to 8 chips. For the \ufb02ash micro-architecture<br>con\ufb01guration, each \ufb02ash chip employs 2 dies, where each die contains 4 planes<br>and each plane consists of 2048 blocks. Each \ufb02ash block contains 64 pages with a<br>page size of 2KB. All these settings are consistent with previous works [5]. Page<br>mapping FTL is con\ufb01gured to maintain a full map of logical pages to physical<br>ones and greedy garbage collection scheme is implemented.</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The BER growth rate that follows Bounded Gaussian distribution is used<br>to simulate the process variation of \ufb02ash memory, where the mean \u00b5 and the<br>standard deviation \u03c3 are set as 3.7\u00d710\u22124 and 9\u00d710\u22125 respectively [11]. The<br>maximal possible write step size is set to 0.6 and the step of decreasing \u2206Vp<br>is set to 0.03. We use 600\u00b5s as the 2bit/cell NAND \ufb02ash memory program<br>latency when \u2206Vp is 0.3, 20\u00b5s as memory sensing latency and 1.5ms as erase<br>time. Four di\ufb00erent wear-out stages corresponding to 15K, 12K, 9K and 6K<br>P/E cycles are evaluated. We evaluate our design using real world workloads<br>from MSR Cambridge traces [20] and the write-dominated Financial1 trace [21],<br>where 500000 I/Os of each trace are used in accordance with previous work.</p>\n<h1 id='75' style='font-size:16px'>4.1 Performance Analysis of VIOS</h1>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our experiments evaluate scheduling performance with read and write latency.<br>Figure 5 shows the average read latency for NOOP, PIQ and VIOS tested under<br>the P/E cycling of 12K. As can be observed, VIOS improves the average read<br>latency by about 17.66% compared to NOOP, indicating that the hierarchical-<br>batch structured read queue helps VIOS exploit multilevel parallelism inside<br>SSDs by resolving resource con\ufb02icts. However, the improvements in average read<br>latency brought by VIOS are not signi\ufb01cantly higher than those obtained when<br>using PIQ. This is because the variation-aware block allocation technique of<br>VIOS mainly serves write request, and read requests are always preferentially<br>scheduled in both PIQ and VIOS without being a\ufb00ected by write performance<br>improvement.</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 6 plots the simulation results on average write latency when di\ufb00erent<br>scheduling algorithms are used in the variation-induced SSDs. To facilitate the<br>comparison, the average write latency is normalized against the case of using<br>NOOP algorithm. The \ufb01rst thing to observe is that VIOS outperforms NOOP<br>and PIQ with write latency reduction by 22.93% and by 7.71% on average,<br>respectively. This is because both the hierarchical-batch structured write queue<br>and the variation-aware block allocation algorithm reduce access con\ufb02ict of write<br>requests. However, the write performance improvements under di\ufb00erent traces</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2298384, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='14' style='font-size:18px'>88:22</header>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>S. K. Park et al.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='16' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(387,244); bottom-right:(881,515)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='17' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 16. Lifetime of PRAM main memory.</caption>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>of 5GB/s and the maximum write bandwidth of 2GB/s were used. From these values,<br>the effective write traf\ufb01c (Be f f ) was used instead of the memory access traf\ufb01c, because<br>only writes to the PRAM main memory affect the PRAM lifetime. Be f f was calculated<br>using ((2 \u00b7 Write Ratio+5 \u00b7 Read Ratio) \u00b7 PRAM Write Ratio). PRAM Write Ratio was<br>used because a DRAM buffer was used, thereby considering the ratio of actual PRAM<br>write operations to total memory operations for calculating the effective write traf\ufb01c.<br>Actually, because of other factors (the victim selection and the idle time between the<br>memory requests), we cannot achieve the maximum bandwidth for all memory accesses.<br>However, in order to show the worst-case lifetime, we assume that our approach can be<br>performed with the maximum bandwidth. Wmax was calculated by (max write count \u00b7<br>coverage(MB)<br>). This is because each benchmark has its own memory coverage, which<br>512(MB)<br>means a range of virtual memory addresses, and it is performed within the coverage in<br>our evaluation. Therefore, we normalized the maximum write count by using the PRAM<br>main memory size and the memory coverage of benchmarks. With these parameters,<br>the system lifetime was \ufb01nally calculated.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Figure 16 shows the lifetime of the PRAM main memory. For the libquantum bench-<br>mark, the PRAM lifetime increased up to 34.81 years compared to 0.2 years of the<br>previous wear-leveling algorithm, due to the prevention of skewed write operations to<br>a speci\ufb01c page by considering the clean data and write count in the DRAM buffer. For<br>the bzip2, gcc, and h264ref benchmarks, the PRAM lifetime increased from 1.25, 0.89,<br>and 2.96 years of the previous wear-leveling algorithm to 1.88, 1.08, and 4.54 years,<br>respectively. For the mcf, sjeng, and omnetpp benchmarks, the PRAM lifetime of the<br>baseline system is only 0.001, 0.004, and 0.002 years, respectively. This is because they<br>have large maximum write counts compared to other benchmarks. Nevertheless, 18.8<br>times, 3.36 times, and 7.7 times longer PRAM lifetime was achieved compared to the<br>baseline system. For the gobmk benchmark, only 1.15 times longer PRAM lifetime was<br>achieved compared to an LRU only scheme because the gobmk benchmark has a uni-<br>form write pattern. On average, the PRAM lifetime increased from 0.36 years with the<br>baseline and 0.68 years with the previous wear-leveling algorithm to 5.32 years with<br>the proposed algorithm. Except for the libquantum benchmark, which had an extreme<br>lifetime increase, the PRAM lifetime increased to 1.11 years.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>5.2.7. Additional Write Overhead by Swapping and Shifting Operations. Although the swap-<br>ping and shifting operations have improved the wear-leveling effect, they make addi-<br>tional read and write operations. As shown in Figure 17, we evaluated the ratio of the<br>additional write count to the total PRAM write count. For the previous wear-leveling<br>algorithm, the ratio was 4.9% on average (from 1.1% in the bzip2 benchmark to 8.8%</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:14px'>ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, Vol. 13, No. 4, Article 88, Publication date: February 2014.</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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When considering the wear-out stages used during testing (15K, 12K, 9K, and 6K P/E cycles), analyze how these stages might influence the average latency improvement observed in VIOS relative to NOOP and PIQ. Assume latency can be affected by the wear-out stage and calculate the influence on latency improvement percentage.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 791, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2860514, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Work</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Employment,<br>unemployment,<br>redundancy and<br>hours of work</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The UK experienced a technical recession<br>between April and June 2020 with Gross<br>Domestic Product (GDP) falling by a record<br>20.0% in April. Monthly GDP increased in<br>June and July, but was still 11.7% below<br>the February 2020 level in July (ONS, 2020a).<br>However, interpreting the impact of the drop<br>in output on the labour market is complex<br>as the policy response has masked many<br>of the immediate impacts and the trajectory<br>of the economic impact is uncertain.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>There has been limited change to the<br>headline employment rates. The employment<br>rate of people of working age (16 to 64) in the<br>UK was 76.6% in January\u2013March 2020. It fell<br>by 0.1 percentage points in May\u2013July 2020<br>to 76.5%. The unemployment rate for working<br>age people has begun to rise, reaching 4.2%<br>in May\u2013July, from 4.0% in January\u2013March<br>2020. This was the highest level since</p>\n<br><figure><img id='4' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(934,322); bottom-right:(1153,529)\" /></figure>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>September\u2013November 2018. The economic<br>inactivity rate initially increased, as people<br>were neither employed nor searching for,<br>or available for, work, but in May\u2013July<br>2020 was at the same level of 20.2%<br>as in January\u2013March 2020 (ONS, 2020b).5</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>There were marked national and regional<br>differences; in Scotland, the employment<br>rate fell more than in England (0.4 percentage<br>points compared with 0.1 percentage points)<br>between January\u2013March and May\u2013July<br>2020, and the unemployment rate increased<br>by 0.5 percentage points to 4.7% (compared<br>with an increase of 0.1 percentage points<br>in England) (ONS, 2020c; ONS, 2020d; ONS,<br>2020e). The employment rate increased by<br>0.4 percentage points in Wales during this<br>period (ONS, 2020f). The reasons for this<br>are unclear.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>5 Economically inactive people are those who are not in employment and have not sought<br>work in the past four weeks and / or are unable to start work within the next two weeks.</p>\n<footer id='8' style='font-size:16px'>11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3072742, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Our conclusion is that while the current unemployment rate is indeed high, there is not much<br>evidence that the \u201cmismatch\u201d problem is any more severe in this recession than in previous recessions.<br>The \u201cnatural\u201d rate of unemployment probably increased, but slightly, from 5 percent to around 6 percent at<br>most.</p>\n<h1 id='53' style='font-size:20px'>2.Key U.S. Labor Market Data.<br>The U.S. Unemployment Rate.</h1>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>As mentioned, as of Fall 2011, the U.S. unemployment rate seems stuck at about 9.0 percent. The<br>unemployment rate is defined as total unemployment divided by the total labor force. This rate of 9.0<br>percent represents a decline from 10.1 percent at the worst of the recession, in the Spring of 2009. During<br>the latest recession, the unemployment rate started to worsen from the Fall of 2006, rapidly deteriorating<br>until the Spring of 2009, then recovering somewhat. The puzzle is why the unemployment rate has been<br>so slow to decline during this latest recession\u2019s recovery phase. Since the recovery started, it has been two<br>years and the unemployment rate has hardly budged downwards.</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>From Chart 1, we can see how quickly the unemployment rate has adjusted downwards after<br>previous recessions. During the recession in the early 2000s, the unemployment rate declined from<br>around 6.5 percent to around 4.5 percent in about three years. During the recession in the early 1990s, the<br>unemployment rate declined from around 8 percent to 5.5 percent in about two years. During the recession<br>in the early 1980s, the unemployment rate declined from 10.5 percent to 7 percent in one year, and then<br>to 4.5 percent in another 3 years. During the mid-1970s recession, the unemployment rate declined<br>from 9 percent to 5.5 percent in four years. During the early 1970s recession, the unemployment rate<br>declined from 6 percent to 4 percent in 3 years. Thus, compared to earlier recessions, the decline in the<br>unemployment rate during this current recession is more gradual.</p>\n<p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The U.S. Labor Force Participation Rate.</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Another important labor force statistic examined by U.S. policy makers is the labor force<br>participation rate (Chart 2). The labor force participation rate is de\ufb01ned as the total labor force divided<br>by the adult population. Policymakers are particularly concerned with the sharp decline in the labor force</p>\n<footer id='58' style='font-size:16px'>76</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3072536, "type": "text", "content": "Our conclusion is that while the current unemployment rate is indeed high,\nthere is not much \nevidence that the \u201cmismatch\u201d problem is any more severe in this recession than\nin previous recessions. \nThe \u201cnatural\u201d rate of unemployment probably increased, but slightly, from 5\npercent to around 6 percent at \nmost.\n\n\n# 2.Key U.S. Labor Market Data. \nThe U.S. Unemployment Rate.\n\n\nAs mentioned, as of Fall 2011, the U.S. unemployment rate seems stuck at about\n9.0 percent. The \nunemployment rate is defined as total unemployment divided by the total labor\nforce. This rate of 9.0 \npercent represents a decline from 10.1 percent at the worst of the recession,\nin the Spring of 2009. During \nthe latest recession, the unemployment rate started to worsen from the Fall of\n2006, rapidly deteriorating \nuntil the Spring of 2009, then recovering somewhat. The puzzle is why the\nunemployment rate has been \nso slow to decline during this latest recession\u2019s recovery phase. Since the\nrecovery started, it has been two \nyears and the unemployment rate has hardly budged downwards.\n\n\n \n\nFrom Chart 1, we can see how quickly the unemployment rate has adjusted\ndownwards after \nprevious recessions. During the recession in the early 2000s, the unemployment\nrate declined from \naround 6.5 percent to around 4.5 percent in about three years. During the\nrecession in the early 1990s, the \nunemployment rate declined from around 8 percent to 5.5 percent in about two\nyears. During the recession \nin the early 1980s, the unemployment rate declined from 10.5 percent to 7\npercent in one year, and then \nto 4.5 percent in another 3 years. During the mid-1970s recession, the\nunemployment rate declined \nfrom 9 percent to 5.5 percent in four years. During the early 1970s recession,\nthe unemployment rate \ndeclined from 6 percent to 4 percent in 3 years. Thus, compared to earlier\nrecessions, the decline in the \nunemployment rate during this current recession is more gradual.\n\n\nThe U.S. Labor Force Participation Rate.\n\n\nAnother important labor force statistic examined by U.S. policy makers is the\nlabor force \nparticipation rate (Chart 2). The labor force participation rate is de\ufb01ned as\nthe total labor force divided \nby the adult population. Policymakers are particularly concerned with the\nsharp decline in the labor force\n\n\n76\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 62524, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='36' style='font-size:16px'>202</header>\n<br><header id='37' style='font-size:14px'>Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Fall 2014</header>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>its projections for several key demographic groups.2 They supplement that<br>observation with a cross-state regression, showing a statistically significant<br>negative correlation between changes in state-level participation rates for<br>prime-age adults from 2007\u201312 and changes in state-level unemployment<br>rates for this same demographic group between 2007 and 2010. Their con-<br>clusion from this analysis is that \u201cthe aggregate decline in prime-age LFPR<br>can be fully explained by the persistent shortfall in labor demand\u201d (p. 15),<br>suggesting that the current level of the unemployment rate significantly<br>understates the extent of labor market slack. While their analysis is sugges-<br>tive, it warrants a number of caveats, including that their analysis covers<br>a short time period and that it does not make use of information on the<br>relationship between the unemployment and participation rates in previous<br>episodes.3</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>At the other end of the spectrum, Marianna Kudlyak (2013) uses a<br>bare-bones version of the cohort-based model we present later in the<br>paper. She shows that the actual participation rate in 2012 was quite close<br>to an estimate of the trend participation rate constructed from a model<br>that includes only age-gender fixed effects and birth-year/gender fixed<br>effects and that it was above the rate found by a model that takes into<br>account the cyclical deviation of employment from its trend. Although<br>she cautions that the estimated cohort effects may be influenced by both<br>structural and cyclical factors, she interprets her results as suggesting<br>that most of the decline in the participation rate is accounted for by the<br>trend. However, it is difficult to assess Kudlyak\u2019s interpretation, because</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2. Using the BLS projections of the labor force participation rate from November 2007<br>as a baseline seems somewhat dubious to us, since the BLS projections of the trend through<br>2014 were well above those from our 2006 paper. The BLS projections for specific demo-<br>graphic groups are not projections from a behavioral model, but rather extrapolations of a<br>nonlinear filter used to smooth historical labor force participation rates for each age, gender,<br>race, and ethnicity group (see Toossi 2011). However, Toossi also reports on her preliminary<br>efforts to construct a behavioral model for projecting the participation rate, by which she<br>found that the projected values from such a model for the 2007\u201309 period were similar to<br>those from the existing BLS model and that both approaches were surprised by the low level<br>of the participation rate in 2009.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>3. Additionally, as we demonstrated in an earlier version of this paper (Aaronson and<br>others 2014a), Erceg and Levin\u2019s conclusions rely crucially on the specification of their<br>cross-state regression equations. We view the alternative panel data specifications that we<br>use in this paper as more flexible. Another paper in this vein is by Hotchkiss and Rios-Avila<br>(2013), who argue \u201cthat the dramatic decline in labor force participation during the Great<br>Recession is more than explained by deteriorating labor market conditions (cyclical factors)\u201d<br>(p. 257). See Aaronson and others (2014a) for further comments on that work as well.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1255187, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1005,72); bottom-right:(1165,232)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>F or release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, April 16, 2021</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>USDL-21-0654</p>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:14px'>T echnical information:</h1>\n<br><table id='4' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Employment:</td><td>sminfo@bls.gov \u2022 www.bls.gov/sae</td></tr><tr><td>Unemployment:</td><td>lausinfo@bls.gov \u2022 www.bls.gov/lau</td></tr><tr><td>M edia contact:</td><td>(202) 691-5902 \u2022 PressOffice@bls.gov</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT \u2014 MARCH 2021</h1>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>U nemployment rates were lower in March in 20 states and the District of Columbia and stable in 30<br>states, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Forty states and the District had jobless rate<br>increases from a year earlier and 10 states had little or no change. The national unemployment rate, 6.0<br>percent, edged down by 0.2 percentage point over the month, but was 1.6 points higher than in March<br>2020.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>N onfarm payroll employment increased in 29 states and was essentially unchanged in 21 states and the<br>District of Columbia in March 2021. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment decreased in 46 states<br>and the District and was essentially unchanged in 4 states.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T his news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and<br>unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to<br>individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures<br>nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by<br>where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical<br>methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.</p>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:14px'>U nemployment</h1>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H awaii and New York had the highest unemployment rates in March, 9.0 percent and 8.5 percent,<br>respectively. Nebraska, South Dakota, Utah, and Vermont had the lowest rates, 2.9 percent each. In<br>total, 27 states had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 6.0 percent, 11 states and the<br>District of Columbia had higher rates, and 12 states had rates that were not appreciably different from<br>that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 1.)</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n March, North Carolina had the largest over-the-month unemployment rate decrease (-0.5 percentage<br>point), followed by New York and North Dakota (-0.4 point each). Thirty states had jobless rates that<br>were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least as<br>large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he largest unemployment rate increase from March 2020 occurred in Hawaii (+6.9 percentage points).<br>The next largest over-the-year jobless rate increases were in New York (+4.6 percentage points) and</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2545202, "type": "text", "content": "S O U T H E A S T C O N F E R E N C E\n\n\n \n\n# Southeast Jobs COVID-19 Impacts by Industry\n\n\n# Seafood Processing -6,100 \nChange in Southeast Jobs: First 11 Months of COVID-19 Job Losses =\n\n\n \n\n# -46% Transportation\n\n\n# -43%\n\n\n \n\n# Leisure & Hospitality\n\n\n# -16% of\n\n\n \n\n# SE jobs lost\n\n\n \n\nIt is too early to measure the full \n-20% \nimpacts of COVID-19 on Southeast \nAlaska jobs and the economy \nbecause self-employment data, \nrepresenting one-fifth of all Southeast \nworkers, is not yet available for this period. \nHowever, early job numbers provide valuable \ninsights.\n\n\n \n\nBetween April 2020 and February 2021, Southeast Alaska was down \n6,100 average monthly jobs, or -16% of its total workforce, \ncompared to the same period in 2019. Jobs in Southeast have been \nlost at a much higher rate than most of the rest of Alaska.\n\n\n \n\nHardest hit were those sectors that provide visitor services. \nCombined, the transportation, leisure, and hospitality sectors shed \n3,345 jobs (average monthly employment), down nearly half due to \nthe decline of the visitor industry in Southeast Alaska. Retail in the \nregion was also down significantly with a 20% overall decline (855 \njobs).\n\n\n \n\nThe seafood processing sector was down by 16% (209 jobs) between \nApril 2020 and February 2021 compared the same months in the \nprevious year. These jobs losses were exacerbated by the abysmal \nsummer salmon returns and compounded by low seafood prices.\n\n\n \n\n-25 \nFederal Gov\u2019t +27 jobs\n\n\n \n\n# 0\n\n\nThe struggling state sector, which had already been cut deeply in \n-0.25 \n-0.375 \nprior years, was down by 273 additional jobs (6%), with local \ngovernment jobs down by 436 average monthly jobs (-7%). Federal \njobs were up slightly, due to an increase of US Census workers.\n\n\n \n\nLoss of Alaska -0.125 Jobs: 0\n\n\n \n\nFirst 12 month of \npandemic compared \nto previous year \nby region\n\n\n \n\nNorthern\n\n\n \n\n-16%\n\n\n \n\n# Southeast COVID-19 Employment Losses\n\n\n \n\nInterior\n\n\nUnemployment rates are not calibrated to be an especially useful tool at this\ntime. More \nvaluable is the comparison of monthly employment during COVID-19 impacted\nmonths, \ncompared to data from the previous year. Pandemic summer months were\nespecially \nhard on Southeast Alaska, when total employment fell by up to 24% in June, and\nby \n10,000 jobs in July. Since November, employment percentages have been in the\nsingle \ndigits, and by March the region was \u201conly\u201d down by six percent of normal\nemployment \nlevels. However, 2021 summer employment is expected to be significantly \ncurtailed due to the cancellation of large cruise ships to the region.\n\n\n \n\n-11%\n\n\n \n\nHow do COVID \nSoutheast job \nlosses compare?\n\n\n \n\n# Anch/ -10%\n\n\n \n\nMat-Su\n\n\nSouthwest Gulf Coast\n\n\n \n\n# -11% -10%\n\n\n \n\nSoutheast\n\n\n \n\n-16%\n\n\nNov Dec Jan 2021 Feb 2021 Mar 2021\n\n\n \n\n-7% -7%\n\n\n \n\n0 -2,600 -2,400 -2,500 -2,400 -1,900\n\n\n \n\n-8% -8%\n\n\n \n\n-6%\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska 2025 Economic Plan: Released April 2021\n\n\n \n\n# -0.125\n\n\n \nCOVID-19 \nImpacts \n2020\n\n\nSource: Alaska Department of Labor\n\n\n \n\n-0.25 Prepared by Rain Coast Data Page 6\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2489581, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='41' style='font-size:22px'>What causes poverty?</h1>\n<br><h1 id='42' style='font-size:14px'>\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013</h1>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Limited earnings potential, including the inability<br>to find sufficient work at an adequate wage, is<br>strongly linked to poverty in Wisconsin.8</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Although Wisconsin\u2019s unemployment rate has has<br>Although<br>Wisconsin\u2019s<br>unemployment<br>rate<br>recent years, it remains high at 6.7% 6.7%<br>high<br>in recent<br>it<br>remains<br>decreased in<br>years,<br>at<br>decreased</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>statewide. Unemployment rose significantly significantly<br>statewide.<br>Unemployment<br>rose<br>between 2008 and 2009, and is still substantially substantially<br>and<br>2008<br>between<br>still<br>is<br>2009,<br>and<br>above pre-recession rates. In In Dane County, the the<br>above<br>rates.<br>pre-recession<br>Monroe<br>County,<br>2013 unemployment rate was 4.6%, lower than than<br>was<br>unemployment<br>6.5%,<br>2013<br>rate<br>lower<br>the state\u2019s average. average.<br>the<br>state\u2019s</p>\n<caption id='46' style='font-size:20px'>Monroe County and Wisconsin: 2005-2013<br>Unemployment Rate in Dane County and Wisconsin: 2005-2013<br>Rate<br>in<br>Figure 5. Unemployment<br>5.<br>Figure</caption>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='47' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Monroe County Wisconsin Wisconsin 8.7%\nDane County\n8.7%\n8.5% 8.5%\n7.8%\n7.5% 7.5%\n7.3%\n6.9% 6.9%\n6.7% 6.7% 6.7% 6.7%\n6.5%\n5.9%\n5.7%\n5.1%\n4.8% 4.8% 4.7% 4.8% 4.8% 4.8% 4.7% 4.6%\n4.8%\n4.7%\n4.5% 4.6%\n4.3%\n4.1%\n3.4% 3.4%\n3.2% 3.2%\n2005 2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013\n2006\n2010\n2007\" data-coord=\"top-left:(114,508); bottom-right:(1156,1040)\" /></figure>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Source: Source:</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Unemployment Rates, 2005-2013 2005-2013<br>Department of Workforce Development\u2019s Annual Unemployment<br>Workforce<br>Wisconsin Department<br>Wisconsin<br>Rates,<br>of<br>Annual<br>Development\u2019s<br>Source: Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development Annual Unemployment Rates, 2005-2013</p>\n<h1 id='50' style='font-size:22px'>What is Unemployment?</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>An individual is considered unemployed if s/he is not working, has actively looked for work in the<br>past four weeks, and would be available to work if s/he found a job. People who are not actively<br>looking for work are considered not to be in the labor force. Therefore, children, retired individu-<br>als, discouraged workers, and other individuals who are not seeking employment are not eligible<br>to be considered unemployed. Similarly, individuals who have some employment but are under-<br>employed (do not have as many hours as they would prefer) are considered employed.9</p>\n<footer id='52' style='font-size:16px'>4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2545204, "type": "text", "content": "S O U T H E A S T C O N F E R E N C E\n\n\n \n\n# The Whole Southeast Alaska Economy 2019\n\n\n \n\nIn 2019, Southeast Alaska gained 455 year-round equivalent jobs and $63\nmillion in workforce earnings over 2018. Approximately a \nquarter (26.1%) of regional workers are non-residents.\n\n\n \n\n# Annual Average Jobs \n46,097 Jobs\n\n\n \n\n#\n\n\n \n\nU P 4 5 5 J O B S I N 2 0 1 9 + 1 %\n\n\n \n\nEmployment Earnings \n$2.3 Billion Workforce Earnings \nU $ 6 3 M + 3 %\n\n\n \n\nP I L L I O N\n\n\n \n\n# 2019 Southeast Alaska Employment Earnings\n\n\n \n\nSources: Alaska Department of Labor 2019 Employment & Wage data; 2018 (latest\navailable) US Census Nonemployer (self-employment) Statistics; Active Duty\nMilitary Population by \n2019, ADOL.*These cells in Government refer to 2019 active duty Coast Guard\npersonnel employment and wages, and not self-employment data. \nNotes: Seafood Industry includes animal aquaculture, fishing & seafood product\npreparation, and Southeast Alaska resident commercial fishermen (nonresident\nfishermen & crew who \ndid not report income are excluded). Visitor Industry includes leisure &\nhospitality, and visitor transportation (air, water, scenic). Timber includes\nforestry and logging support activities \nfor forestry, and wood product manufacturing.\n\n\n \nSoutheast Alaska 2025 Economic Plan: April 2021\n\n\n \nPrepared by Rain Coast Data Page 8\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 254213, "type": "text", "content": "# Unemployment Rates, Alaska and U.S.\n\n\n \n\n# January 2013 to April 2021\n\n\n \n\nSources: Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development, Research and \nAnalysis Section; and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n\n\n# Wage and Salary Employment\n\n\n \n\n# Percent change from same month the previous year\n\n\nSource: Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development, Research and \nAnalysis Section\n\n\n# Regional Employment\n\n\n \n\n# April 2021 compared to April 2020\n\n\nRegional totals may not sum to statewide total due to rounding and independent \nestimation methods.\n\n\nSource: Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development, Research and \nAnalysis Section\n\n\n \n\n# Area Unemployment Rates\n\n\nAnchorage/\n\n\n \n\n# N ot seasonally adjusted1\n\n\nMat-Su Region\n\n\nInterior Region\n\n\n \n\nSoutheast Region\n\n\n \n\nGulf Coast Region\n\n\n \n\nNorthern Region\n\n\n \n\nP = Preliminary. As more information becomes available, data are \nrevised every month for the previous month and again at the end of \nevery calendar year.\n\n\n \n\nNote: The official definition of unemployment excludes anyone who has \nnot actively attempted to find work in the four-week period up to and \nincluding the week that includes the 12th of the reference month.\n\n\nSouthwest Region\n\n\n \n\n1Unemployment rates that are not seasonally adjusted should not be \ncompared with those that are.\n\n\nSources: Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development, \nResearch and Analysis Section; and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n\n\nPage 1 of 2\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 254214, "type": "text", "content": "# Total Monthly Employment, 2019 through 2021\n\n\n \n\nSource: Alaska Department of Labor \nand Workforce Development, \nResearch and Analysis Section\n\n\n# Employment By Industry, April 2021\n\n\n*Estimate \n1Excludes uniformed military \n2Includes the University of Alaska \n3Includes public schools and tribal government\n\n\nS ource: Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development, Research and\nAnalysis Section\n\n\nPage 2 of 2\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given the exclusion of uniformed military from employment statistics and the official definition of unemployment which excludes those not actively seeking work, how might these factors together impact the perceived unemployment rate in a military-heavy region like Anchorage during an economic downturn?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 793, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3545380, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='48' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(149,150); bottom-right:(1130,695)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='49' style='font-size:14px'>Mother Didn\u2019t Know</h1>\n<h1 id='50' style='font-size:14px'>M y Alternate GLAS 2021 Awards</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Grand Prix Mother Didn\u2019t Know by Anita Killi, Norway<br>Regardless of whether it was selected for the main competition, Kill\u2019s masterful creation was<br>simply the finest new film in the entire festival. Her sensitive study of childhood depression is a<br>textbook in innovative character modeling, effective set design, and subtle storytelling.</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H igh Risk Award Just a Guy by Shoko Hara, Germany<br>Hara\u2019s study of women who were romantically involved with convicted psychopath Richard<br>Ramirez, the deeply sadistic, racist and misogynist serial rapist and murderer, is as high risk a<br>film subject as can be, particularly since she herself was one of those women. Yet, despite some<br>clever animation, Hara skirts the issues she explores and we are left even more baffled by the<br>women\u2019s attraction than before.</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>N ew Talent Award To the Dusty Sea by H\u00e9lo\u00efse Ferlay, France<br>Ferlay is one of the best young European women contributing to the wave of fabric-based stop-<br>motion. The mother in her fraught puppet family is particularly fragile and the art medium allows<br>her unraveling to be subtle and visceral. Khachaturov\u2019 Naked is undeniably funny and weird, but<br>its sci-fi plotline is riddled with absurd inconsistencies. Ferlay\u2019s film gets my award in this close<br>race, for her technique is equally impressive and her message much more clear and relevant.</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S imulation Award Maalbeek by Isma\u00ebl Joffroy Chandoutis, France<br>Well-meaning and sincere, reminiscent of Alain Resnais, this long film shares traits common to<br>this category. Its exposition is completely verbal. Visuals, often interesting, are used to illustrate<br>the voice over. In the anti-climax, haunted survivors of this famous subway bombing remark that<br>the film\u2019s subject is better off not being able to remember her traumatic experience.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3551661, "type": "text", "content": "T he following is a full list of the 2010 Visionfest Independent Vision Awards\nwinners:\n\n\nF ilm Competition Statuettes\n\n\nD omani Vision Award for Emerging Talent: Ron Farrar Brown (Consent) \nProduction: Gregory Fitzsimmons & James Flynn (Miss Ohio) \nDirecting: Gregory Fitzsimmons (Miss Ohio) \nWriting: Larry Brand (Christina) \nDocumentary Feature: My Run - by Tim VandeSteeg \nShort Subject Narrative: The Quartering Act by Stephen Bell \nThe Jack Nance Breakthrough Performance Award: Peter Vack (Consent) \nActing (Male Lead): Stephen Lang (Christina) \nActing (Female Lead): Troian Bellisario (Consent) \nThe Abe Schrager Award for Cinematography: James Mann (Desert Son) \nEditing: Clayton Hemmert (Banana Bread) \nOriginal Score: Rob Kleiner (Stuck!)\n\n\n# C ertificates of Merit\n\n\nSocial Consciousness: Todd Drezner (Loving Lampposts) \nMost Promising Filmmaker: Jason Begue (Contrition) \nShort Form Documentary: David Binder (Calling My Children) \nS hort Form Screenwriting: Sean J.S. Jourdan (The Beekeeper)\n\n\n# F eature Screenwriting Competition\n\n\n1st Place: Matt Wheeler (How To Leave Your Lover) \n2nd Place: John Bengel (The Voyeur) \n3rd Place: Simon Nagel (Bothered Minds)\n\n\nF or additional info, please contact Ed West via e-mail: press@visionfest.com\n/ visit: www.visionfest.com\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53109, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='33' style='font-size:20px'>FESTIVAL HISTORY</h1>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>May 2007<br>VC Filmfest</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>March 2007<br>Riverside International Film Festival</p>\n<h1 id='36' style='font-size:16px'>September 2005<br>Los Angeles Korean International Film Festival</h1>\n<h1 id='37' style='font-size:14px'>March 2005<br>Sedona International Film Festival</h1>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>December 2004<br>Hollywood DV Festival<br>- WINNER: Best Actress Award</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53108, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='29' style='font-size:20px'>DIRECTOR\u2019S STATEMENT</h1>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Although blindness is a big part of Jill\u2019s character definition, Journey is not<br>about blindness but about revisiting the past. This is a story that all of us can relate<br>to since we all, at some point or another in our lives, shared the similar experience<br>of making a choice about discovering the truth from the past. Is it better to just<br>hold onto our version of truth, or is it worth risking our heart for a chance to find<br>out what really happened? The story\u2019s main conflict comes from Jill\u2019s choice to<br>look for and finally meet her birth-mother. This could be a beginning of a great<br>reunion; however, she could also get rejected all over again.</p>\n<h1 id='31' style='font-size:20px'>DIRECTOR\u2019S BIOGRAPHY</h1>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CHRISTINE SHIN (Director/Writer/Producer) \u2013 Born in Korea, Christine<br>moved to the United States by herself at the age of 16 to follow her dream as a<br>filmmaker. She received her B.A. degrees in Communication Arts and English<br>Literature from University of Wisconsin in Madison and her M.F.A. degree in<br>Production from USC School of Cinematic Arts. She was selected to direct a<br>commercial spot, Movie Date, as one of the ten national finalists for 2004 Coca<br>Cola Refreshing Filmmaker's Award Contest. Her next film, Journey, has received<br>Best Actress Award from 2004 Hollywood DV Festival and was screened at various<br>festivals including 2005 Sedona International Film Festival and 2005 Los Angeles<br>Korean International Film Festival. Her USC graduate thesis film, Janie, has been<br>invited to nearly 30 festivals worldwide and received numerous awards such as<br>Cine Golden Eagle Award. Janie also had its TV premiere on KCET(PBS) as a part<br>of Fine Cut Series in 2006. Christine has been chosen as one of the Honorees for<br>2005 Project Involve by Film Independent (IFP/LA). She was also one of the<br>finalists for 2007-2008 Disney/ABC/DGA Directing Fellowship. She currently<br>lives in Los Angeles with her cat, Clarence. She hopes to continue to tell stories<br>that have heart by further pursuing her career in directing and producing.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 883996, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nTonya Fitzpatrick, Executive Producer of \naward-winning World Footprints, has just \nfinished her third TEDx talk at Wayne State \nUniversity in Detroit. Tonya previously spoke at \nTEDxWilmingtonWomen about finding truth in \nan uncertain world and \nTEDxCooperRiverWomen about career \nchange. She has also spoken at the Women \nEconomic Forum in India, the National \nAssociation of Women MBAs and other platforms \nwhere she is sharing the transformative power of \ncan email Tonya here.\n\n\n \n\ntravel. You\n\n\n# Onyshko Releases Short\n\n\n \n\nOlha Onyshko continues to distribute her feature-length doc, \nWOMEN OF MAIDAN, and has just made her 2010 short, FOUR \nOZ OF COFFEE available for viewing. Email Olha here.\n\n\nThe film is based on my recounts of the fall of the Soviet Union, \nwhen my father was involved in coffee mafia business and my \ngrandmother was overseeing the operation. I decided to share it \nwith all of you because I believe in synchronicity and this little film \nsurfed up just few days before the Anniversary of the Woman's \nMarch.\n\n\n \n\nFOUR OZ OF COFFEE\n\n\n# Dinners Across the Region - March 9/10\n\n\n \n\nIn March 1979, nearly a dozen \nwomen, hungry for change, \ngathered at Ginny Durrin's \nhouse for the first, informal \nmeeting of what would become \nWomen in Film & Video DC. \nThe WIFV Advisory Committee \nand Board look forward to \nwelcoming you at dinners \nacross the region on March 9, \n2018 and March 10, 2018 as \nwe celebrate that first \ngathering, the community that \nexists to this day, and \nWomen's History Month. There will be dinner, conversation, and fun!\n\n\n \n\nDinners will be hosted at five homes on March 9 with the following \nhosts: Katherine De Francis/Carletta S. Hurt (Chevy Chase, \nMD), Karyn Langhorne Folan (Germantown, MD), Eulonda Kay \nLea (NE, DC), Faith DeVeaux (Takoma/Silver Spring), Amy \nDeLouise (Kensington, MD).\n\n\nDinner will be hosted on March 10 by Judith Dwan Hallet/Melissa \nHoughton (NW, DC)\n\n\nNew dinner locations will be posted in the next week as they are \nsuch fun and excellent networking events!\n\n\n \n\nProducer/WIFV \nTreasurer Faith \nDeVeaux,\n\n\n \n\nWriter/Director \nEmily Aguilar, and \nProducer Katherine \nSmith had their film \nCLARA'S\n\n\n \n\nULTIMATE \nCHRISTMAS \npicked up for \ndistribution by \nBridgestone \nMultimedia Group \nafter shopping it at \nthe 2017 American \nFilm Market. The \nstory is about a \nyoung girl's quest \nfor a happy holiday \nafter a couple of \ndisasters threaten \nto ruin it. Look for it \nat this year's holiday\n\n\n# Gershon Named 2018 Docs Fellow\n\n\n \n\nseason! More information \nhere. Email Faith here.\n\n\nRecent DC transplant from New \nYork (by way of Bangkok for the \nlast 12 years) and new WIFV \nmember Joel Gershon was \nrecently named as a 2018 Fellow \nby Docs In Progress. Joel got his \nstart in journalism, working as a \nproducer for the groundbreaking \nAir America Radio network. He \nrecently returned to the U.S. after \n12 years in Thailand, where he \nworked as a TV reporter and producer, magazine and \nnewspaper writer, communications consultant for NGOs \nand private companies, and was a lecturer at three of \nThailand's leading universities. His work has aired on \nCNN and Current TV, and been screened at various film \nfestivals. He is completing a film entitled CIRQUE DU \nCAMBODIA, an unlikely but amazing story about two \nlocal teenagers from a rural village in Cambodia who \ndream of becoming the first circus performers from their \ncountry to take the stage with Cirque du Soleil. The film \nfollows them for more six years in four countries in three \nlanguages...and one incredible ending!\" Congratulate \nJoel here.\n\n\n \n\nCongrats Quarter-Finalists!\n\n\n \n\nLove it when WIFV screenwriters get the recognition \nthey deserve! Many congratulations to these WIFV \nMembers:\n\n\nBridget Bell McMahon for CHANGING SCORE and \nREARRANGING ROXY; \nArla Bowers for IT'S HER!; \nJane Hampton Cook for SAVING WASHINGTON; \nRoberta Rovner Pieczenik for COYOTE WARRIOR\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 53107, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='13' style='font-size:18px'>CREW</h1>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>WRITER/DIRECTOR<br>Christine Shin</p>\n<h1 id='15' style='font-size:14px'>PRODUCERS<br>Judith Fernando & Christine Shin</h1>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CINEMATOGRAPHER<br>Pyongson Yim</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>EDITOR<br>Christine Shin</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PRODUCTION DESIGNER<br>Stacy Brossart</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SOUND DESIGNER<br>Sam Karp</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>COMPOSER<br>James Barth</p>\n<h1 id='21' style='font-size:18px'>CAST</h1>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>JILL<br>Christine Lucas</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>KEVIN<br>John Emmet Tracy</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>GARY<br>Cole Delaney</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>MEGAN<br>Cindy E. Newman</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>LYNN<br>Suzanne Tsai</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>MARY<br>Teresa Tharp</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>YOUNG JILL<br>Clara Smyth</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2231417, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 ACUTE MISFORTUNE: Adaption of the award-winning book about legendary Archibald-winning artist Adam Cullen and his biographer Erik Jensen from director Thomas M.<br>Wright and producers Virginia Kay (Sugar Mountain) and Jamie Houge (The Lookalike) and executive producers Robert Connolly (Paper Planes) and Liz Kearney (These<br>Final Hours). (Distributor: Cinema Plus; Sales Agent: Maze).<br>\u2022 THE COMING BACK OUT BALL MOVIE: Through the prism of a \u2018coming back out ball\u2019 featuring Robyn Archer, Deborah Cheetham, Gerry Connolly and Carlotta, this feature<br>documentary celebrates the lives and resilience of LGBTIQ+ elders. From director/producer Sue Thomson (Tempest at the Drop In), producers Adam Farrington-Williams<br>(Winter at Westbeth), Roger Monk (Walking on Water) and Tristan Meecham, and EPs Michael McMahon (The Slap). (Distributor: Backlot; Sales Agent: Film Republic)<br>\u2022 THE EULOGY: Tragic story of child prodigy pianist-composer Geoffrey Tozer, inspired by former Prime Minister Paul Keating\u2019s searing eulogy for the artist, from<br>director/producer Janine Hosking (My Khmer Heart) and producers Trish Lake (Early Winter) & Katey Grusovin. (Distributor: Madman; Sales Agent: Cinestaan)<br>\u2022 UNDERMINED: TALES FROM THE KIMBERLEY: Mega mining and pastoral developments threaten the pristine nature of the vast Kimberley region and jeopardise the future of<br>more than 200 remote Aboriginal communities and their sacred link to the land. From dir. Nicholas Wrathall (Gore Vidal: United States of Amnesia)& producer Steph King.<br>\u2022 UNDERTOW: A psychological thriller, in which a photo-journalist struggling to cope with the loss of her baby develops an obsession with a pregnant young woman, from<br>Acclerator Lab alumna director/writer Miranda Nation, producer Lyn Norfor and Executive Producer Liz Watts (Animal Kingdom). (Distributor: Mind Blowing; Sales: Level-K)<br>The Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2017 comprised the following world premieres:<br>\u2022 HAVE YOU SEEN THE LISTERS: Portrait of the artistic and commercial rise of renowned street artist Anthony Lister, and the price of fame, from Accelerator Lab alumnus<br>director/producer Eddie Martin (Lionel, All This Mayhem) and producer Sarah Shaw (Snowtown). (Distributor: Transmission; Sales Agent: Dogwoof)<br>\u2022 JUNGLE: A gloriously tense survival thriller based on the bestselling real-life story of adventurer Yossi Ghinsberg, starring Daniel Radcliffe from director Greg McLean (Wolf<br>Creek) and producers Dana Lustig, Gary Hamilton, Mike Gabrawy, Todd Fellman. (Distributor: Umbrella; Sales Agent: Arclight)<br>\u2022 RABBIT: A dark fairytale from writer/director Luke Shanahan and producer David Ngo (One Eyed Girl), in which a woman, haunted by visions, hunts for her missing twin sister.<br>Stars Adelaide Clemens (The Great Gatsby) and Alex Russell (Cut Snake, Jungle). (Distributor: Vendetta; Sales Agent: Instrum)<br>\u2022 SONGKEEPS: Central Australia\u2019s answer to The Buena Vista Social Club tells the story of an Aboriginal Women\u2019s Choir bringing back to Germany forgotten Germanic hymns<br>sung in their own indigenous ancient language. Director Naina Sen; Producers Rachel Clements & Trisha Morton-Thomas. (Distributor: Potential; Sales Agent: Level K)<br>\u2022 THE BUTTERFLY TREE: A visually sumptuous coming-of-age tale of love and loss, tinged with magical realism, from writer/director Priscilla Cameron and producer Bridget<br>Callow-Wright with Melissa George (Good Wife), Sophie Lowe (The Slap), Ewen Leslie (The Daughter), Ed Oxenbould (Paper Planes). (Dist: Vendetta; Sales Agent: Level K)<br>\u2022 WESTWIND: Internationally-renowned Yolngu didgeridoo maker-player Djalu Gurruwiwi enlists the help of Grammy-winning Gotye to pass his people\u2019s ancient song-lines to<br>the next generation. Director/producer: Ben Strunin; Producers: Kate Pappas, Nick Batzias (That Sugar Film), Ben Pederick, Virginia Whitwell. (Distributor: Madman)<br>The Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2016 comprised the following world premieres:<br>\u2022 BAD GIRL: A thriller, from director/writer Fin Edquist and producers Steve Kearney (Oddball), Tenille Kennedy (The Turning) and Bruno Charlesworth (Good Vibrations), in<br>which a teenager fights for her adoptive parents when her new friend tries to supplant her. Stars Sara West (The Daughter), Samara Weaving (Mystery Road), Felicity Price<br>(Wish You Were Here) and Benjamin Winspear (The Babadook). Distributor: Curious; Sales: Arclight<br>\u2022 ELLA: A feature documentary, from director/writer Douglas Watkin, producers Veronica Fury (Electric Boogaloo) and Dena Curtis and co-producer/consulting director<br>Lawrence Johnston (Neon), about the Australian Ballet\u2019s first indigenous dancer. (Distributor: Ronin; Sales Agent: Film Mode).<br>\u2022 EMO (the musical): What\u2019s an Emo boy to when he secretly falls in love with a happy Christian? From writer/director Nigel Triffett with producer Lee Matthews, cast includes<br>Bride Carter (800 Words), Adam Zwar (Wilfred) & Dylan Lewis. Based on an award-winning short. (Distributor: Bonsai).<br>\u2022 THE DEATH & LIFE OF OTTO BLOOM: A love story where the end is only the beginning from Acclerator alumnus writer/director Cris Jones & producers Mish Armstrong, Alicia<br>Brown & Oscar-winning Melanie Coombs (Harvie Krumpet) with Xavier Samuel (Twilight). (Dist: Bonsai; Sales: Global)<br>\u2022 THE FAMILY: A feature documentary, from director/writer Rosie Jones (The Triangle Wars) and producer Anna Grieve (The Prime Minister is Missing), about the charismatic<br>and delusional Anne Hamilton-Byrne\u2019s elusive apocalyptic sect. (Distributor: Label; Sales Agent: Dogwoof)<br>\u2022 MONSIEUR MAYONNAISE: Feature documentary from Trevor Graham (Make Hummus Not War) and producers Lisa Wang & Ned Lander about Melbourne settlers, art<br>pioneers, Nazis, comics, history, and France\u2019s love affair with baguettes and garlic mayonnaise. (Dist: Antidote; Sales: Flame)<br>The Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2015 comprised the following world premieres.<br>\u2022 DOWNRIVER: A mystery drama, from Accelerator Lab alumnus director/writer Grant Scicluna and producer Jannine Barnes, in which a teenage killer returns to uncover dark<br>truths in his quest to find a missing body. Stars Kerry Fox (Intimacy), Reef Ireland (Blessed). (Distributor: Rialto; Sales Agent: Level K).<br>\u2022 ECCO HOMO: A feature documentary, from Ghost Pictures (AutoLuminescent, In Bob We Trust), about growing-up in a world of incest, prostitution, gender transformation,<br>HIV, art, secrets and lies. Features Peter Troy Davies, Michael Hutchence and Bono. (Distributor: Apparition).<br>\u2022 NEON: A feature documentary from director/writer Lawrence Johnston (Night, Eternity) and producer Veronica Fury (Curse of the Gothic Symphony), celebrating the<br>invention, design and heritage of neon signage. (Distributor: Ronin; Sales: Mongrel).<br>\u2022 PUTUPARRI & THE RAINMAKERS: A feature documentary from director/writer Nicole Ma and producer John Moore exploring an Aboriginal man\u2019s quest to reconcile his life in<br>the modern world with his destiny as a cultural leader of his Great Sandy Desert people. (Distributor: Ronin/NITV)<br>\u2022 EARLY WINTER: An evocative meditation on relationships after romance gives way to duty and routine; where the search for respect and care is the currency of<br>commitment. Helmed by Cannes Camera d\u2019Or-winning writer/director Michael Rowe (Leap Year), starring Suzanne Clement (Mommy) and Roy Dupuis (La Femme Nikita) &<br>produced by Trish Lake and Serge Noel. (Distributors: Rialto, Mongrel, FilmOption; Sales Agent: Pyramide).<br>The Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2014 comprised the following world premieres.<br>\u2022 CUT SNAKE: A crime thriller, from director Tony Ayres (Home Song Stories) and producers Michael McMahon (Home Song Stories) and Trevor Blainey (Noise), in which a<br>man\u2019s engagement to a woman is threatened when a menacing ex-con from his past reappears. Stars Sullivan Stapleton (Animal Kingdom), Alex Russell (Bait) and Jessica<br>De Gouw (Dracula, These Final Hours). (Distr/Sales: eOne).<br>\u2022 ELECTRIC BOOGALOO: From director/producer Mark Hartley (Not Quite Hollywood) and producer Veronica Fury (Machete Maidens Unleashed!) comes the wild untold story<br>of 1980s Hollywood company Canon Films (Distributor: Umbrella; Sales Agent: Mongrel/RatPac).<br>\u2022 MY MISTRESS: A strangely innocent affair between a teenage romantic and a French S&M mistress becomes something more ffrom debut director Stephen Lance, writer<br>Gerard Lee (Sweetie), producer Leanne Tonkes & EP Robyn Kershaw (Bran Nue Dae), stars Emmanuelle Beart (A Heart in Winter), Harrison Gilbertson (Blessed), Rachel Blake<br>(Sleeping Beauty). (Distributor: Transmission; Sales: Level K).<br>\u2022 PAPER PLANES: A children\u2019s film about an Australian boy\u2019s passion for flight and competing in paper plane championships from writer/director/producer Robert Connolly<br>(Balibo) and co-producers Maggie Miles and Liz Kearney. Stars Sam Worthington (Avatar), David Wenham (300), Terry Norris (Innocence) & Deborah Mailman (Sapphires).<br>(Distributor Footprint; Sales Maze/Arclight).<br>\u2022 THE LEGEND MAKER: A dramatic thriller in which an aging forger needs all his guile and cunning to survive from director/producer Ian Pringle and producer Glenda Hambly<br>and starring Tony Nikolakopoulos, Jeremy Kewley, Steve Mouzakis and Sachin Joab.<br>\u2022 KILL ME THREE TIMES: [MIFF Premiere Regional Showcase only] A thriller, from director Kriv Stenders (Red Dog) and producers Tania Chambers & Death at a Funeral\u2019s<br>Laurence Malkin & Share Stallings, in which one woman links murder, blackmail and revenge. Stars Simon Pegg (Shaun of the Dead), Sullivan Stapleton (Animal Kingdom),<br>Alice Braga (On the Road), Teresa Palmer (Warm Bodies), Bryan Brown (Beautiful Kate) and Luke Hemsworth. (Distributor: Hopscotch; Sales Agent: Cargo).<br>The Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2013 comprised the following world premieres.<br>\u2022 AIM HIGH IN CREATION! From Accelerator Lab alumna director/producer Anna Broinowski (Forbidden Lie$) and producer Lizzette Atkins (X, Lionel); a revolutionary comedic<br>documentary about greed, gas and the cinematic genius of late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il. (Distributor: Antidote; Sales Agent: HighPoint)<br>\u2022 IN BOB WE TRUST: From AutoLuminescent\u2019s team (writer/director/producer Lynn-Maree Milburn and producers Richard Lowenstein, Andrew de Groot and Maya Gnyp) comes a feature<br>documentary story of the controversial forced-retirement of Melbourne identity Father Bob Maguire and his struggles to live without the Church. (Dist: Apparition; Sales: Odin\u2019s Eye).<br>\u2022 PATRICK: A re-imaging of classic 1970s telekinetic thriller is the narrative feature debut of Not Quite Hollywood and Machete Maidens Unleashed! director Mark Hartley. From producer<br>Tony Ginnane, stars Rachel Griffiths (Muriel\u2019s Wedding), Charles Dance (Gosford Park), Sharni Vinson (Bait 3D) and Damon Gameau (Balibo).(Distributor: Umbrella; Sales: BankSide)<br>\u2022 THE TURNING: A range of directors (including established talent Justin Kurzel (Snowtown), Jonathan auf der Heide (Van Diemen\u2019s Land), Tony Ayres (Home Song Stories) Claire<br>McCarthy (The Waiting City), Warwick Thornton (Samson & Delilah) and Robert Connolly (Balibo); emerging film directors Rhys Graham (Galore) and Ashlee Page; visual artist Shaun<br>Gladwell; theatre directors Yaron Lifschitz and Stephen Page; plus the film directing debuts of actors David Wenham, Ian Meadows and Mia Wasikowska) respond to Tim Winton\u2019s<br>haunting short stories. From producer Robert Connolly (Balibo), co-producer Maggie Miles, the film also stars Cate Blanchett, Rose Byrne, Harrison Gilbertson, Richard Roxburgh, Robyn<br>Nevin, Hugo Weaving, Miranda Otto, Wayne Blair, Dan Wylie and Susie Porter. (Distributor: Footprint/Madman; Sales Agent: Maze/LevelK).<br>\u2022 GALORE: From Accelerator Lab alumnus director/writer Rhys Graham (Murundak: Songs of Freedom) and producer Philippa Campey (Bastardy) is the story of two reckless teenage<br>best friends. Stars Ashleigh Cummings (Tomorrow When the War Began), Toby Wallace (Nim\u2019s Island 2), Lily Sullivan (Mental), Maya Stange (Garage Days). (Dist/Sales: eOne).<br>\u2022 THESE FINAL HOURS: A young man\u2019s redemption during the Earth\u2019s very last hours from Accelerator Lab alumnus director Zac Hilditch, producer Liz Kearney and Executive Producer<br>Robert Connolly (Balibo). The film stars Nathan Phillips (Wolf Creek), Dan Hanshall (Snowtown) and Lynette Curran (The Boys). (Distributor: Footprint; Sales Agent: XYZ/Celluloid).<br>The Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2012 comprised the following world premieres:<br>\u2022 100 BLOODY ACRES: A comedy horror showing the lengths small business operators go to from debut feature directors Colin & Cameron Cairns and producers Julie Ryan (Red Dog) and<br>Kate Crosser (My Tehran For Sale), and starring Damon Herriman (J.Edgar), Angus Sampson (Where the Wild Things Are) and John Jarratt (Wolf Creek). (Dist: HopScotch; Sales: Works)<br>\u2022 FIRST FAGIN: A feature documentary from Director Alan Rosenthal and Producer Veronica Fury (Curse of the Gothic Symphony) portraying infamous convict Ikey Soloman, who<br>inspired Charles Dickens character Fagin from Oliver Twist. (Sales Agent: Naked Flame).<br>\u2022 MAKE HUMMUS NOT WAR: A new Middle East war rages with the usual suspects \u2013 but this time with chick peas! Director Trevor Graham & producer Ned Lander. (Sales: Off the Fence).</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3442716, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='281' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Outstanding Achievement Award</p>\n<p id='282' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Best<br>Best Experimental Film, Wonderland Int'l Film Festival (IFF), Sydney, 2020<br>Best Experimental Film, Holy Grail FF (FF), Jerusalem, 2020<br>Best Experimental Film, Kateye IFF, Kolkata, 2020<br>Best Experimental Film, Cinephilia Motion Pictures Festival, Cadiz, Spain, 2020<br>Best Visual Music Film, Global Nonviolent FF, 2020<br>Best Animated Film, La Dolce Vita Cine de Roma, 2020<br>Best Animated Film, Kateye IFF, Kolkata, 2020<br>Best Original Music, Cinephilia Motion Pictures Festival, Cadiz, Spain, 2020<br>Best Sound Design, Mont Blanc FF, Paris, 2020<br>Best Sound Design, Sand Dance International FF (IFF), Rajastan, 2020<br>Best Music Video, La Dolce Vita Cine de Roma, 2020<br>Best Music Video, Mont Blanc FF, Paris, 2020<br>Best Music Video, Intl. Open FF, Dhaka, 2020<br>Best Spiritual Film, Experimental Film Festival (FF), Barcelona, 2020<br>Best Narrative Feature, La Dolce Vita Cine de Roma, 2020<br>Award Nominee, 4th Dimension IFF, Bali, 2020<br>Film-maker award for Best Animation, Int'l Film-maker Festival, Berlin, 2016<br>\"Chris\" Award of Excellence, Columbus Int'l Film + Video Festival, 2014<br>Critics' Choice Award, Druk IFF, Paro, Bhutan, 2019<br>Best Original Score, IFF for Spiritual Films, Jakarta, 2013<br>Audience Award, Best Music Video, Awareness FF, Hollywood, 2012<br>Silver Award for Experimental Films, Virgin Spring Cinefest, Kolkata, 2019<br>Award for Exceptional Merit, Depth of Field Festival/Competition, Nassau, 2017<br>Silver Remi (Animation), WorldFest FF, Houston, 2016</p>\n<br><p id='283' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Experimental Film, Twilight Tokyo Film Festival, 2020 - Experimental Film, La Dolce Vita<br>Cine de Roma, 2020 - Editing, Holy Grail FF, Jerusalem, 2020 - Music Video, Holy Grail FF,<br>Jerusalem, 2020 - Green Chilli IFF, Gangtok, West Bengal, 2020 - Experimental Film, Intl.<br>Open FF, Dhaka, 2020 - Director, La Dolce Vita Cine de Roma, 2020 - Experimental Film,<br>Tagore FF, 2020 - Mont Blanc FF, Paris, 2020 - Sound Design, Indus Valley FF, 2020 -<br>Experimental Film, Sand Dance IFF, Rajastan, 2020 - Concept, Indus Valley FF, 2020 -<br>Experimental Film, Indus Valley FF, 2020 - Editing, Intl. Open FF, Dhaka, 2020 - World Film<br>Carnival, Singapore, 2019</p>\n<br><p id='284' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Official Selection</p>\n<br><p id='285' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Make Art Not Fear FF, Porto Portugal, 2021 - Ghum IFF, Ghoom, West Bengal, 2021 - New<br>York Independent Cinema Awards, 2021 - Montreal Independent FF, 2021 - North Europe<br>IFF, London, 2021 - LA Indies Fest, Los Angeles, 2021 - NYC Electronic Music Festival,<br>2020 - Chicago Indie Fest, 2020 - Dramatica IFF, Barcelona, 2020 - Near Nazareth<br>Festival, Israel, 2020 - Stop Motion FF, Montreal, 2020 - Beyond the Curve IFF, Paris, 2020<br>- Motion Pictures IFF, Calgary, 2020 - Global Nonviolent Film Festival, 2020 - The Best<br>Film Festival, Barcelona, 2020 - New York True Venture Film Festival, 2020 - Experimental<br>Film Festival, Buenos Aires, 2020 - Sand Dance FF, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, 2020 -<br>Independent Shorts Awards, LA, 2019 - Diffrazioni: Firenze Multimedia Festival, 2019 -<br>New Vision IFF, Amsterdam 2018 - Los Angeles FF IndieShortFest, 2018 - World Music &<br>Independent FF, 2018 - Williamsburg (Brooklyn) FF, 2017 - Stockholm Independent FF,<br>2017 - Cutting Edge IFF, Pompano Beach, Forida 2017 - Directors Circle Festival of<br>Shorts, 2016 - Blow-Up ArtHouse Festival, Chicago, 2016 - Ecos Urbanos Festival, Mexico<br>City, 2016 (short) - Ecos Urbanos Festival, Mexico City, 2017 (feature, closing event) -<br>Great Lakes FF, 2016 - The Other Venice FF, 2016 - COMMFFEST FF, Toronto, 2016 - Finow<br>Int'l Film & Script Festival, Berlin, 2016 - Richmond FF, 2015 - Magikal Charm<br>Experimental Video Festival, NYC, 2015 - YoFi FF, NYC, 2014 - Awakened World FF, Santa<br>Barbara, 2014 - Understanding Visual Music Festival, Buenos Aires, 2013 - Columbia<br>Gorge FF, 2013 - ISEA - Int'l Symposium on Electronic Art, 2012 - Lucerne FF, 2012 -<br>Louisville FF, 2012</p>\n<br><h1 id='286' style='font-size:22px'>Q&A</h1>\n<h1 id='287' style='font-size:18px'>Questions?</h1>\n<br><p id='288' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<h1 id='289' style='font-size:18px'>(and 1 request)</h1>\n<p id='290' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>http://HeavenEverywhere.com/stp</p>\n<footer id='291' style='font-size:18px'>55</footer>\n<br><footer id='292' style='font-size:18px'>56</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2231411, "type": "text", "content": "The MIFF Premiere Fund provides minority co-financing to new Australian\nquality narrative-drama and documentary feature films that then premiere at\nthe Melbourne \nInternational Film Festival (MIFF). Seeking out Stories That Need Telling, the\nthe Premiere Fund deepens MIFF\u2019s relationship with filmmaking talent and\nbuilds a pipeline of \nquality Australian content for MIFF. Launched at MIFF 2007, the Premiere Fund\nhas committed to more than 70 projects. Under the charge of MIFF Chair Claire\nDobbin, the \nPremiere Fund Executive Producer is Mark Woods, former CEO of Screen Ireland\nand Ausfilm and Showtime Australia Head of Content Investment & International\nAcquisitions. \nWoods has co-invested in and Executive Produced many quality films, including\nRabbit Proof Fence, Japanese Story, Somersault, Breakfast on Pluto, Cannes\nPalme d\u2019Or \nwinner Wind that Shakes the Barley, and Oscar-winning Six Shooter.\n\n\n \n\nThe Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2021 comprises the following: \n\u2022 ABLAZE: A meditation on family, culture and memory, indigenous Melbourne\nopera singer Tiriki Onus investigates whether a 70- year old silent film \nwas in fact made by his grandfather \u2013 civil rights leader Bill Onus. From co-\ndirectors Alex Morgan (Hunt Angels) & Tiriki Onus and producer Tom \nZubrycki (Exile in Sarajevo). (Distributor: Umbrella) \n\u2022 ANONYMOUS CLUB: An intimate \u2013 often first-person \u2013 exploration of the\nsuccessful, yet shy and introverted, 33-year-old queer Australian musician \nCourtney Barnett. From producers Pip Campey (Bastardy), Samantha Dinning (No\nTime For Quiet) & director Danny Cohen. (Dist: Film Art Media) \n\u2022 CHEF ANTONIO\u2019S RECIPES FOR REVOLUTION: Continuing their series of food-\nrelated social-issue feature documentaries, director Trevor Graham (Make \nHummus Not War) and producer Lisa Wang (Monsieur Mayonnaise) find a very\ninclusive Italian restaurant/hotel run predominately by young \ndisabled people. (Distributor: Antidote; Sales: Flame) \n\u2022 HATING PETER TATCHELL: Portrait of Melbourne-born London-based veteran queer\nactivist Peter Tatchell from director Chris Amos and producers \nVeronica Fury (Electric Boogaloo), Lee Matthews (Emo the Musical) and\nExecutive Producers David Furnish (Rocketman) & Elton John, featuring \nStephen Fry and Ian McKellen (Distributor: Umbrella) \n\u2022 LITTLE TORNADOES: Family drama about a man, during a rapidly-changing 1970s\nAustralia, coping with the sudden responsibilities of becoming a \nsingle parent to his two children after his wife leaves, from producers Susan\nSchmidt, Christian Pazzaglia, Ian Anderson and Accelerator Lab alumnus \ndirector Aaron Wilson (Canopy). Stars Mark Leonard Winter (Measure for\nMeasure) and Robert Menzies (Glitch) \n\u2022 LONE WOLF: A contemporary adaptation of Joseph Conrad\u2019s 1907 novel The\nSecret Agent produced by Accelerator Lab alumnus Mat Govoni \nalong with Adam White and directed by Jonathan Ogilvie (The Tender Hook) and\nstarring Hugo Weaving (Matrix), Tilda Cobham-Hervey (I Am \nWoman), Stephen Curry (Hounds of Love), Chris Bunton (Little Monsters).\n(Distributor: Label; Sales Agent: Level-K) \n\u2022 LOVE IN BRIGHT LANDSCAPES: Profiles the rise and untimely demise of talented\nsinger, songwriter and poet David McComb, best-known as front-man \nof Australian band The Triffids. From director Jonathan Alley & producers Tait\nBrady (Lone Wolf) & Danielle Karalus. (Dist: Label; Sales: White Noise) \n\u2022 NITRAM: A narrative portrait of the troubled man behind modern Australia\u2019s\nworst massacre from Accelerator Lab alumnus director Justin Kurzel \n(Snowtown) and producers Nick Batzias (Australian Dream) & Virginia Whitwell\n(Below). Stars Caleb Landry-Jones (Get Out, Three Billboards), \nAnthony La Plaglia (Balibo), Judy Davis (Dressmaker), Essie Davis (Miss\nFisher\u2019s Murder Mysteries). (Distributor: Madman/Stan; Sales: Wild Bunch) \n\u2022 OFF COUNTRY: An examination of connenction to country and the price of\nchange through following a year in the life of six indigenous students from \nacross Australia who leave their remote communities to attend the prestigious\nGeelong Grammar boarding school on Yalari Scholarships, from \nproducers Nick Batzias (Below) & Charlotte Wheaton and co-directed by Rhian\nSkiriving (Rock n Roll Nerd: The Tim Minchin Story) & Accelerator Lab \nalmnus John Harvey (The Turning). (Distributor: Madman/NITV) \n\u2022 PAPER CITY: Feature documentary following the struggle of three very elderly\nsurvivors of WW2 Tokyo bombings to have their experience recognized \nand memorialised before they die and their story is forgotten by history from\nexecutive producers Rebecca Summerton (Animals) & Accelerator Lab \nalumna Sophie Hyde (52 Tuesdays), producer Melanie Brunt, and directed by\nAccelerator alumnus Adrian Francis. \n\u2022 ULURU & THE MAGICIAN: From producers Rachel Clements (Song Keepers) and\nTrisha Morton-Thomas (Finke: There and Back) and Accelerator Lab \nalumna director Anna Broinowski (Aim High in Creation) comes an almost\nunbelievable journey of a small-time magician attempting to make Uluru \ndisappear. (Distributor: Vendetta) \nThe Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2022 so far includes the following: \n\u2022 BATTLE ON THE FRANKLIN: A meditation on activism, environmentalism, memory\nand change, this feature documentary re-tells the 1980s story of \nthe battle to save Tasmania\u2019s Franklin River via a young Tasmanian taking the\nsame rafting pilgrimage on the river as their recently-deceased \nactivist father, from producer Chris Kamen and Accelerator Lab Alumnus\ndirector Kasimir Burgess (Leunig Fragments). (Distributor: Bonsai) \n\u2022 LOGAN: Documentary about a neuro-diverse family living on the working-class\nsuburban fringe, dreaming of big new futures in a world closing in \non them. From director Sari Braithwaite, producer Chloe Brugale & EP Robert\nConnolly (Paper Planes). (Dist: CinemaPlus; Sales: Maze) \n\u2022 SWEET AS: Indigenous female coming-of-age drama from Accelerator Lab alumna\ndirector Jub Clerc and producer Liz Kearney (These Final Hours) \nand EP Robert Connolly (The Turning). (Distributor: CinemaPlus; Sales Agent:\nLevel-K) \n\u2022 MAGIC BEACH: Live action-animation-hybrid anthology adaptation of Alison\nLester\u2019s iconic children\u2019s book Magic Beach from producer Liz Kearney \n(The Turning) and producer/director Robert Connolly (Paper Planes). \n\u2022 MEMOIR OF A SNAIL: The bittersweet memoir of a melancholic woman who loves\nto hoard snails, romance novels and guinea pigs from Oscar-winning \nanimator Adam Elliot (Mary & Max), producer Liz Kearney (These Final Hours) &\nEP Robert Connolly (Paper Planes). (Dist: Madman; Sales: Charades) \n\u2022 THE FRONT: Examining through archival footage the unprecedented devastation\nwrought by Australia\u2019s extended bushfire season of late 2019/early \n2020 from the Have You Seen The Listers team of Carver producers Anna Mcleish\n& Sarah Shaw and Accelerator Lab alumnus director Eddie Martin, \nplus producer Katy Roberts. (Distributor: Umbrella; Sales Agent: Gunpowder &\nSky) \n\u2022 PETROL: An idealistic film student is drawn into a shadowy and intoxicating\nworld when she befriends an enigmatic performance artist. From producer \nKate Laurie (Strange Colours), EPs Robert Connolly (Paper Planes) & Liz\nKearney (These Final Hours) and Accelerator Lab alumna director Alena \nLodkina (Strange Colours). (Distributor: Cinemaplus; Sales Agent: Maze) \n\u2022 UNDER COVER: Examining the growing rate of homelessness amongst middle-aged\nwomen through the lens of three at-risk women & three people \ntrying to help them from director Sue Thomson & producer Adam Farrington-\nWilliams - the team behind The Coming Back Out Ball Movie. \nMIFF PREMIERE FUND TITLES AT PREVIOUS EDITIONS OF MIFF: \nThe Premiere Fund slate for MIFF 2019 comprised the following world premieres: \n\u2022 A FAMILY: Engrossingly bizarre Ukraine-set drama deconstructing the meaning\nof family from Accelerator Lab alumnus director Jayden Stevens & producer Clea\nFrost. \n\u2022 BELOW: From Accelerator Lab alumnus director Maziar Lahooti and producers\nNick Batzias (That Sugar Film), Veronica Gleeson and Kate Neylon, comes Fight\nClub in a \nremote migrant detention centre. Stars Anthony LaPaglia (Lantana) and Ryan\nCorr (Holding the Man). (Distributor: Madman; Sales Agent: Seville) \n\u2022 BUOYANCY: Tale of young Cambodian captured into enslavement on Thai fishing\ntrawler from Accelerator Lab alumnus director Rodd Rathjen and producers\nKristina \nCeyton (Babadook), Sam Jennings (Cargo) and Rita Walsh (I Used to be Normal).\n(Distributor: Umbrella; Sales Agent: Charades) \n\u2022 H IS FOR HAPPINESS: A disarmingly charming family film, adapted from award-\nwinning novel My Life As An Alphabet, from Accelerator Lab alumnus director\nJohn Sheedy \nand producers Julie Ryan (Red Dog), Tenille Kennedy (Bad Girl) and\nwriter/producer Lisa Hoppe. Stars Richard Roxburgh (Rake), Emma Booth (Hounds\nof Love), Miriam \nMargolyes (Miss Fisher\u2019s Murder Mysteries), Joel Jackson (Jungle) and Deborah\nMailman (Sapphires). (Distributor: Universal; Sales Agent: Level K) \n\u2022 IRON FISTS & KUNG FU KICKS: From producer Veronica Fury (Electric Boogaloo)\nand director Serge Ou comes the story of the iconic Shaw Brothers who were\npioneers of the \nKung Fu film movement. (Distributor: Umbrella; Sales Agent: XYZ) \n\u2022 MEASURE FOR MEASURE: A multi-ethnic ensemble drama inspired by Shakespeare\u2019s\nMeasure for Measure, from the Pawno team of director/producer Paul Ireland and \nwriter/producer Damian Hill, starring Hugo Weaving (Lord of the Rings), Mark\nLeonard Winter (Balibo), John Brumpton (Romper Stomper), Fayssal Bazi (The\nMerger) Daniel \nHenshall (Acute Misfortune) and Harrison Gilbertson (Upgrade). (Distributor:\nUmbrella; Sales Agent: Bankside) \n\u2022 NO TIME FOR QUIET: Documentary about teenage girls and gender diverse youth\nfinding themselves through creative expression at a rock n roll camp. From\ndirector \nSamantha Dinning and producer Pip Campey (Bastardy)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 306382, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Documentary film script format\" is to be implemented by its members, including producers. The<br>film's screenplay will be distributed by the British Film Awards Centre, London. An open edition<br>film version will be produced by the Independent and then screened at other awards including<br>the 2015 Academy Awards in Calgary. In 2015 it was the fifth film nominated for best British<br>picture (Bassists is the highest honour award), second best foreign writer and first best<br>independent (and highest achievement on director Oscar jury list). With a global fan base and<br>broad critical interest of film's impact with the wider entertainment industry, it was with an eye<br>firmly focused on delivering a major international recognition from leading independent film<br>screens. The UK-UK Agreement of 1891 that enshrines copyright ownership by all its citizenry<br>was subsequently approved in London, following the publication of an International Film<br>Festival award in 1994 by the International Film Institute, a group dedicated to promoting<br>international films and their international recognition. In 2015, the UK will launch the first<br>international film prize, the British Oscar. In 2016, the British Film Awards will take place at<br>Cannes, France, in advance of the Academy Awards to be held in 2016 and continue until 2019<br>by awarding individual winners of BAFTAs on behalf of the Film Industry Association of Britain.<br>In February 2017 the London film festivals' Film Festivals will take place from 2018 onwards<br>(see event details for details). The 2017 edition of awards will be open for members worldwide<br>with screening starts in March 2017. If you do not have your home cinema, you can access films<br>from local venues online through the link below. Alternatively you may wish to contact the<br>movie rights holder of your local theatre to be notified before screenings commence (see<br>below). Please note this is the first time this website has been closed, and the UK press is<br>provided with all notices including news links to major press, awards or international press<br>releases. BTS Releases a 'The BTS Film Awards' Release Event on October 15 in London |<br>September 28 BTS releases an open edition 'The BTS Film Awards' Release Event on<br>September 28 BTS releases a 'The BTSfilm Awards' release date and a poster announcement to<br>celebrate the opening of BTS's London location in February (January in Europe through to 2018<br>in the USA as previously announced and available at the UK UK movie festival next week). BTS<br>cinemas can now select a premiere at the venue during their screening, as screening is only<br>available to general audiences. The 2016 BTS Oscar Event opened on Friday, October 22nd<br>(4.00pm BST), in Baudelaire International at the Alhambra cinema in London. A full schedule is<br>here, a full timetable for screening of the 2015 BTS and the 2016 BTS Video Awards is here. The<br>BTS Official Press Release notes: \"The first international BTS film festival has concluded in<br>Baudelaire this year and is now officially opening up the weekend of November 15th and 19th.<br>The BTS Film Council in London has been established in 2015 to provide audiences with more<br>opportunities to watch an independent film that is internationally acclaimed and produced by<br>two of their local UK cinemas. \"Each year the BTS Film Council presents its second<br>International Film Festival, the BTS Official Press Release, in London in late November in which<br>they invite films and short film experts from various leading independent-film agencies from all<br>across the country and from across the world to offer their insights via exclusive media visits to<br>selected film festivals, feature film performances, international celebrity awards and more.<br>\"With further international films to be screened under the wide range of category prizes the BTS<br>Film Awards are one of seven major festivals we award globally between April and May as a way<br>to continue sharing this film in a more welcoming environment. This year has been marked by<br>strong engagement by the Film Council as new directors participate in BTS Film Awards in<br>cities from London from the US and Europe, to Japan, from North Korea and more. The Festival<br>also highlights the potential of the British BTS Film Awards globally over a six-year period as<br>two key pillars set forth the need to take this world by storm, bringing more voices and events<br>to showcase our global success along with our culture.\" The BTS Official Press Release<br>continues to note that in response to the 2015 US BTS film festivals including the Academy<br>Awards and Golden Globes, Director BTS Director Tim Berners-Lee has confirmed to his team,<br>\"in recent months many small studio projects and feature films have been produced and the<br>BTS Director continues to keep developing opportunities such as their film production program<br>at Baudelaire Film Studios. In late 2016 BTS presented their latest year and is excited for the<br>arrival of an extended run in 2015 at a new London venue. We look forward to being an<br>important addition to the BTS Film Council, making this year more welcoming and inspiring for<br>people of all backgrounds to film locally and internationally. We are pleased to announce the<br>documentary film script format. As of right now most of the scripts in this category require a<br>V-rating: The Complete script with full-episode sequence and extras are included with the film.<br>For technical and technical reasons, please check out our article How to Make A V-rating<br>Citation Edit Kiersten, N. R., Heider, K. S., Chantels, O. O., & Van Dam, W. A. 2006. A Film to<br>Help End Poverty, Youth Poverty and The End of Childhood Poverty. Pp. 4 (17): 727-733. PDF,<br>ISBN 978-0051847893. pdf [Citation needed] [Ed. D. 2013. Children and Poverty: The Invisible</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given the different awards and festivals, assume a new award is introduced that recognizes both 'best storytelling' and chronological premiere order success. Suggest a feasible criteria for winning based on Christine Shin's roles and festival history, and identify which element of film production she should focus on to maximize chances of winning.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 794, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["textual reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 238064, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='102' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td colspan=\"2\"></td><td>Data Source</td><td>Queries Tested</td><td>Completed Queries</td><td>Accuracy</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"6\">User\u2019s Query</td><td rowspan=\"3\">In-Scope</td><td>D1</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>100%</td></tr><tr><td>D2</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>100%</td></tr><tr><td>D3</td><td>5</td><td>5</td><td>100%</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">Out-of-Scope</td><td>D1</td><td>10</td><td>10</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>D2</td><td>10</td><td>10</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>D3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>-</td></tr></table>\n<br><caption id='103' style='font-size:16px'>Table 3: Evaluation of the System</caption>\n<table id='104' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>User Query</td><td>Final Bot Response</td><td>Task Length</td><td>Task Completion</td></tr><tr><td>What is the code for lighters?</td><td>Lighters is associated with code - 12131707</td><td>1</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>I want the code for pliers</td><td>Surgical pliers is associated with code - 42292303</td><td>2</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>I want the code for pliers</td><td>Jewellers pliers is associated with code - 27112150</td><td>3</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>Code for taps?</td><td>Surgical taps is associated with code - 42292401</td><td>2</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>What is the code for nut cracker?</td><td>Nut cracker isn\u2019t present in the data-source.</td><td>1</td><td>No (out-of-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>Get me the code for hammers?</td><td>Claw Hammers is associated with code - 27111618</td><td>2</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>I want the code for injury of deep palmar arch</td><td>The code for injury of deep palmar arch is - S65.3</td><td>1</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>I want the code for injury of deep palmar arch</td><td>You have reached a Billed ICD-10 code. Laceration of deep palmar arch of unspeci\ufb01ed hand, initial encounter S65.319A.</td><td>6</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>What is the code for heart attack?</td><td>Heart attack isn\u2019t present in the data-source.</td><td>1</td><td>No (out-of-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>What is the code for acute myocardial infarction?</td><td>The code for acute myocardial infarction is - I21</td><td>1</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>What is the phone number for Adam?</td><td>Adam\u2019s phone number is +1-902-453-xxxx</td><td>1</td><td>Yes (in-scope)</td></tr><tr><td>What is the phone number for John?</td><td>John is not present in the directory. Do you want to add his number?</td><td>1</td><td>No (out-of-scope)</td></tr></table>\n<caption id='105' style='font-size:16px'>Table 4: Detailed illustration of dialog agent\u2019s conversation with the user</caption>\n<p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>deep palmar arch is - S65.3 and doesn\u2019t want to further pro-<br>ceed to reach a billable ICD code, then the task is said to be<br>completed with length 1. However, if the user opts to view<br>detailed diagnosis codes related to his query, the maximum<br>length of task before the user reaches a billed code is 6.</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We also would like to point out that the dialog agent cur-<br>rently is only capable of performing information lookup, and<br>is not yet capable of identifying inherent relations. For in-<br>stance, myocardial infarction is commonly known as heart<br>attack. However, our system would not be able to assign the<br>code for myocardial infarction with heart attack as that rela-<br>tion is not captured in the ICD-10-CM data source. However,<br>we are aware that we can make the dialog agent be more in-<br>telligent by adding domain knowledge, which is a scope for<br>future work.</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The dialog agent is also tested on D3, the tiny curated em-<br>ployee dataset. The capabilities tested in this dataset are sim-<br>ple, and used for easier understanding of the system. The di-<br>alog agent helps in \ufb01nding the corresponding phone number<br>associated with an employee. If the query is out-of-scope,<br>the dialog agent marks the task to be incomplete, but asks<br>the user if he wishes to add a new entry to the data source, to<br>make sure the same query does not lead to a failure again.</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Related Work</p>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Conversational Agents have been an active research area,<br>especially in the recent times. (Cohen 2018) critiques the<br>current approaches to build chatbots, bringing out con-<br>trastive differences between slot-\ufb01lling and plan-based ap-<br>proaches. The signi\ufb01cance of having a plan based dialogue<br>agent that can perform both planning and plan recognition</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>which would result in a chatbot that can plan, reason and<br>converse is emphasised. The proposed work follows suite of<br>using reasoning in a learning-based chatbot setting. (Botea<br>et al. 2019b) tackles the problem of current chatbots being<br>unable to perform multi-turn and complex conversations.<br>They overcome this shortcoming by constructing dialogue<br>plans automatically, which would be later plugged into a di-<br>alogue system to achieve goal-oriented conversations with<br>the user. However, they do not consider information retrieval<br>tasks where we try to optimize the number of conversational<br>turns taken between the agent and the user in order to attain<br>the desired answer. In (Nothdurft et al. 2015), the authors<br>present a work on integrating a dialog system with a HTN<br>planner for decision support. The problem is recommending<br>personalized action chains (plans) to a person like exercises.</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>There is a well established literature on natural language<br>querying (NLQ) (Li and Jagadish 2016) where a query by<br>a user in a natural language is converted to a data source\u2019s<br>query language like SQL. However, our approach is an al-<br>ternative which exploits the advantages of a dialog system<br>to disambiguate a user\u2019s query and help select from multi-<br>ple similar results (Radlinski and Craswell 2017). (Muise<br>et al. 2019b) proposes a paradigm shift from slot \ufb01lling<br>and dialogue trees to using automated planning for cre-<br>ating task-oriented chatbots. Planning helps in handling<br>non-determinism, leading to creation of large and complex<br>agents from compact declarative speci\ufb01cations. On the con-<br>trary, our approach adapts the use of a classical planner for<br>information retrieval task and reason with information hi-<br>erarchy and query ambiguity. Another line of work (Pasu-<br>pat and Liang 2015) performs semantic parsing on semi-</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3565363, "type": "text", "content": "Acces PDF Cms Claims Processing Manual Chapter 13\n\n\nthe\n\n\n \n\n4\n\n\nand 5\n\n\nin\n\n\n \n\nreconciliation. Thoroughly updated for its second edition, this text reflects\nchanges to the Affordable Care Act, Managed Care Organizations, new coding\ninitiatives, new components of the \nrevenue cycle (from reimbursement to compliance), updates to regulations\nsurrounding health care fraud and abuse, changes to the Recovery Audit\nContractors (RAC) program, and more. \nTake your first step toward a successful career in medical coding with\ncomprehensive coverage from the most trusted source in the field! Step-by-Step\nMedical Coding, 2013 Edition is the \npractical, easy-to-use resource that shows you exactly how to code using all\nof today's coding systems. In-depth, step-by-step explanations of essential\ncoding concepts are followed by \npractice exercises to reinforce your understanding. In addition to coverage of\nreimbursement, ICD-9-CM, CPT, HCPCS, and inpatient coding, the 2013 edition\noffers complete coverage of \nICD-10-CM diagnosis coding system in preparation for the eventual transition.\nNo other text on the market so thoroughly prepares you for all coding sets in\none source! Dual coding in Units \nand 5 (where both ICD-10 and ICD-9 answers are provided for every exercise,\nchapter review, and workbook question) ensures you can code using the systems\nof both today and tomorrow. \nComplete coverage of the new ICD-10 code set in Unit 2 prepares you for the\neventual transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10. Official Guidelines for Coding and\nReporting boxes in Units 2, 3, \npresent the official outpatient and inpatient guidelines alongside text\ndiscussions. Concrete \"real-life\" coding examples help you apply important\ncoding principles and practices to actual \nscenarios from the field. Over 500 total illustrations of medical procedures\nor conditions help you understand the services being coded. Four coding\nquestion variations develop your coding \nability and critical thinking skills: One answer blank for coding questions\nthat require a one-code answer Multiple answer blanks for coding questions\nthat require a multiple-code answer \nIdentifiers next to the answer blank(s) to guide you through the most\ndifficult coding scenarios Answer blanks with a preceding symbol (3\ninterlocking circles) indicates that the user must \ndecide the number of codes necessary to correctly answer the question In-text\nexercises, Quick Checks, and Toolbox features reinforce coding rules and\nconcepts, emphasize key information, \nand test your retention and understanding. From the Trenches, Coding Shots,\nStop!, Caution!, Check This Out!, and CMS Rules boxes offer valuable, up-to-\ndate tips and advice for working \ntoday\u2019s medical coding field. Coder\u2019s Index makes it easy to instantly locate\nspecific codes. Practice activities on the companion Evolve website reinforce\nkey concepts from the text. Updated \ncontent presents the latest coding information so you can practice with the\nmost current information available. \nStart Your Own Medical Claims Billing Service \nA Clinically Oriented Practical Approach \nBuck's Step-by-Step Medical Coding, 2020 Edition E-Book \nUnderstanding Health Insurance: A Guide to Billing and Reimbursement - 2021\nEdition \nHelping Front Office Personnel Navigate Medicare Rules for Part B Claims\nProcessing \nStep-by-Step Medical Coding, 2018 Edition - E-Book \nA TEXTBOOK ON QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND PATIENT SAFETY IN ANESTHESIA AND\nSURGICAL CARE \nHospice & Palliative Care Handbook, Third Edition \nAn Integrative Approach\n\n\n \n\n# Medicare Handbook\n\n\nCopyright : coddy.app\n\n\n \nPage 8/8\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 853283, "type": "text", "content": "mor\u201d, while properties of the event itself, such as \n\u201cintermittent\u201d, may not be speci\ufb01ed. In addition, the \nordering of events on a timeline is often left to the \nreader to infer, based on domain-speci\ufb01c knowledge. \nIt is incumbent upon the annotation guideline to in- \ndicate that only informative event orderings should \nbe annotated, while leaving domain-speci\ufb01c order- \nings to post-annotation inference. This document \nhas detailed our approach to adapting the existing \nISO-TimeML standard to this recovery of implicit \ninformation, and de\ufb01ning guidelines that support an- \nnotation within this complex domain. Our guide- \nlines, as well as the annotated data, are available at \nhttp://thyme.healthnlp.org, and the full \ncorpus has been proposed for use in a SemEval 2015 \nshared task.\n\n\n# Acknowledgments\n\n\n \n\nThe project described is supported by Grant Num- \nber R01LM010090 and U54LM008748 from the Na- \ntional Library Of Medicine. The content is solely the \nresponsibility of the authors and does not necessarily \nrepresent the of\ufb01cial views of the National Library \nOf Medicine or the National Institutes of Health.\n\n\n \n\nWe would also like to thank Dr. Piet C. de Groen \nand Dr. Brad Erickson at the Mayo Clinic, as well as \nDr. William F. Styler III, for their contributions to the \nschema and to our understanding of the intricacies of \nclinical language.\n\n\n# References\n\n\n \n\nJames F Allen. 1983. Maintaining knowledge about \ntemporal intervals. Communications of the ACM, \n26(11):832\u2013843. \nEmmon Bach. 1986. The algebra of events. Linguistics \nand philosophy, 9(1):5\u201316. \nSteven Bethard. 2013. Cleartk-timeml: A minimalist ap- \nproach to tempeval 2013. In Second Joint Conference \non Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM), Vol- \nume 2: Proceedings of the Seventh International Work- \nshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2013), pages \n10\u201314, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June. Association for \nComputational Linguistics. \nOlivier Bodenreider. 2004. The Uni\ufb01ed Medical \nLanguage System (UMLS): integrating biomedical \nterminology. Nucleic acids research, 32(Database \nissue):D267\u2013D270, January.\n\n\n \n\nPhilip Bramsen, Pawan Deshpande, Yoong Keok Lee, \nand Regina Barzilay. 2006. Finding temporal order \nin discharge summaries. In AMIA Annual Symposium \nProceedings, volume 2006, page 81. American Medical \nInformatics Association.\n\n\n \n\nCarlo Combi, Yuval Shahar, et al. 1997. Temporal reason- \ning and temporal data maintenance in medicine: issues \nand challenges. Computers in biology and medicine, \n27(5):353\u2013368.\n\n\n \n\nRobert H Dolin. 1995. Modeling the temporal complex- \nities of symptoms. Journal of the American Medical \nInformatics Association, 2(5):323\u2013331.\n\n\n \n\nGeorge Hripcsak, Nicholas D Soulakis, Li Li, Frances P \nMorrison, Albert M Lai, Carol Friedman, Neil S Cal- \nman, and Farzad Mostashari. 2009. Syndromic surveil- \nlance using ambulatory electronic health records. Jour- \nnal of the American Medical Informatics Association, \n16(3):354\u2013361.\n\n\n \n\nAnn K Irvine, Stephanie W Haas, and Tessa Sullivan. \n2008\\. Tn-ties: A system for extracting temporal infor- \nmation from emergency department triage notes. In \nAMIA Annual Symposium proceedings, volume 2008, \npage 328. American Medical Informatics Association.\n\n\n \n\nElpida T Keravnou. 1997. Temporal abstraction of med- \nical data: Deriving periodicity. In Intelligent Data \nAnalysis in Medicine and Pharmacology, pages 61\u201379. \nSpringer.\n\n\n \n\nKlaus H. Krippendorff. 2012. Content Analysis: An \nIntroduction to Its Methodology. SAGE Publications, \nInc, third edition edition, April.\n\n\n \n\nChen Lin, Elizabeth Karlson, Dmitriy Dligach, Mon- \nica Ramirez, Timothy Miller, Huan Mo, Natalie \nBraggs, Andrew Cagan, Joshua Denny, and Guer- \ngana. Savova. under review. Automatic identi\ufb01cation \nof methotrexade-induced liver toxicity in rheumatoid \narthritis patients from the electronic medical records. \nJournal of the Medical Informatics Association.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 238065, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>structured tables in a question answering setting. It is a well<br>presented work which encompasses both breadth of a knowl-<br>edge source and depth of compositionality in semantic pars-<br>ing. However, this approach is training data intensive, unlike<br>ours. Also, the issue of how an ambiguous query is tackled<br>is not elaborated.</p>\n<h1 id='114' style='font-size:18px'>Conclusion and Future Work</h1>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In this work, we have proposed a novel, generic, dia-<br>log agent based on automated planning within an RL-based<br>framework for information retrieval. The approach allows<br>us to seamlessly scale to new data sources and explore vari-<br>ous planning and RL integration strategies. We have imple-<br>mented the approach in ParlAI framework and demonstrated<br>its working, along with preliminary evaluation on two large<br>data sets - UNSPSC and ICD-10, and a simple directory. We<br>explored different planning and RL strategies for building<br>a multi-turn, task focused, and controlled dialog agent with<br>little training data. In future, we will explore more integra-<br>tion possibilities and perform a comprehensive evaluation of<br>the approach.</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>References</p>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ali, A.; and Gonzalez, A. 2016. Toward Design-<br>ing a Realistic Conversational System: A Survey. In<br>Florida Arti\ufb01cial Intelligence Research Society Confer-<br>ence. URL https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/FLAIRS/<br>FLAIRS16/paper/view/12776.</p>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Bordes, A.; Boureau, Y.-L.; and Weston, J. 2017. Learning<br>End-to-End Goal-Oriented Dialog. In Proc. ICLR.</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Botea, A.; Muise, C.; Agarwal, S.; Alkan, O.; Bajgar, O.;<br>Daly, E.; Kishimoto, A.; Lastras, L.; Marinescu, R.; On-<br>drej, J.; Pedemonte, P.; and Vodolan, M. 2019a. Gen-<br>erating Dialogue Agents via Automated Planning. In<br>https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.00771.</p>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Botea, A.; Muise, C.; Agarwal, S.; Alkan, O.; Bajgar, O.;<br>Daly, E.; Kishimoto, A.; Lastras, L.; Marinescu, R.; Ondrej,<br>J.; et al. 2019b. Generating dialogue agents via automated<br>planning. On Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.00771 .</p>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Clark, A.; Fox, C.; and Lappin, S. 2010. Handbook of Com-<br>putation Linguistics and Natural Language Processing. In<br>Wiley, ISBN: 978-1-405-15581-6.</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Cohen, P. 2019. Foundations of Collaborative Task-Oriented<br>Dialogue: What\u2019s in a Slot? In Proceedings of the 20th An-<br>nual SIGdial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue, 198\u2013209.<br>Stockholm, Sweden: Association for Computational Lin-<br>guistics. doi:10.18653/v1/W19-5924. URL https://www.<br>aclweb.org/anthology/W19-5924.</p>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Cohen, P. R. 2018. Back to the future for di-<br>alogue research: A position paper. On Arxiv at:<br>https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.01144 .</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Crook, P. 2018. Statistical Machine Learn-<br>ing for Dialog Management: its history and fu-<br>ture promise. In AAAI DEEP-DIAL 2018 Work-<br>shop, at https://www.dropbox.com/home/AAAI2018 -</p>\n<br><p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>DEEPDIALWorkshop/Presentations-Shareable?preview=<br>Invited1-PaulCrook-AAAI DeepDialog Feb2018.pdf.</p>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fung, P. N.; Chen, Y.-N. V.; Lin, Z.; and Madotto,<br>A. 2020. Deeper Conversational AI. In Neurips Tutorial,<br>https://nips.cc/Conferences/2020/Schedule?showEvent=16657.<br>Hirsch, J.; Nicola, G.; McGinty, G.; Liu, R.; Barr, R.; Chittle,<br>M.; and Manchikanti, L. 2016. ICD-10: history and context.<br>American Journal of Neuroradiology 37(4): 596\u2013599.<br>Inouye, R. B. 2004. Minimizing the Length of Non-Mixed<br>Initiative Dialogs. In Leonoor van der Beek, Dmitriy Gen-<br>zel, D. M., ed., ACL 2004: Student Research Workshop, 7\u2013<br>12. Barcelona, Spain: Association for Computational Lin-<br>guistics.<br>Li, F.; and Jagadish, H. 2016. Understanding natural lan-<br>guage queries over relational databases. ACM SIGMOD<br>Record 45(1): 6\u201313.<br>McTear, M.; Callejas, Z.; and Griol, D. 2016. Conversational<br>Interfaces: Past and Present. In The Conversational In-<br>terface. Springer, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-<br>32967-3 4.<br>Miller, A. H.; Feng, W.; Fisch, A.; Lu, J.; Batra, D.;<br>Bordes, A.; Parikh, D.; and Weston, J. 2018. ParlAI:<br>A Dialog Research Software Platform. On Arxiv at:<br>https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.06476 .<br>Muise, C.; Chakraborti, T.; Agarwal, S.; Bajgar, O.; Chaud-<br>hary, A.; Lastras-Montano, L. A.; Ondrej, J.; Vodolan, M.;<br>and Wiecha, C. 2019a. Planning for Goal-Oriented Dialogue<br>Systems. In https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.08137.<br>Muise, C.; Chakraborti, T.; Agarwal, S.; Bajgar, O.; Chaud-<br>hary, A.; Lastras-Montano, L. A.; Ondrej, J.; Vodolan, M.;<br>and Wiecha, C. 2019b. Planning for goal-oriented dialogue<br>systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.08137 .<br>Nothdurft, F.; Behnke, G.; Bercher, P.; Biundo, S.; and<br>Minker, W. 2015. The Interplay of User-Centered Dialog<br>Systems and AI Planning. In Proceedings of the 16th An-<br>nual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and<br>Dialogue, 344\u2013353. Prague, Czech Republic: Association<br>for Computational Linguistics. doi:10.18653/v1/W15-4646.<br>URL https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W15-4646.<br>Pasupat, P.; and Liang, P. 2015. Compositional se-<br>mantic parsing on semi-structured tables. On Arxiv at:<br>https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00305 .<br>Radlinski, F.; and Craswell, N. 2017. A Theoretical Frame-<br>work for Conversational Search. In Proceedings of the<br>2017 Conference on Conference Human Information In-<br>teraction and Retrieval, CHIIR \u201917, 117\u2013126. New York,<br>NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. ISBN<br>9781450346771. doi:10.1145/3020165.3020183. URL<br>https://doi.org/10.1145/3020165.3020183.<br>Young, S.; Ga\u02c7si\u00b4c, M.; Thomson, B.; and Williams, J. D.<br>2013. Pomdp-based statistical spoken dialog systems: A re-</p>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>view. Proceedings of the IEEE 101(5): 1160\u20131179.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 238063, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='88' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(294,109); bottom-right:(981,399)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 5: Information Lookup on D1. The user is searching for pliers.</p>\n<figure><img id='90' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(315,457); bottom-right:(960,940)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 6: Information Lookup on D2. The user is searching for laceration of ulnar artery at wrist and hand level.</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Evaluation Metrics and Examples</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The proposed system is evaluated using three metrics to<br>test the effectiveness of our approach. A comprehensive<br>evaluation is left for future work. They metrics are:</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Accuracy: It refers to the percentage of correct utterances<br>by the dialog agent that has helped the user in achieving<br>his intent.</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Intent Recognition: Intent here refers to what the user<br>wants to achieve at the end of the conversation with the<br>dialog agent. Intent recognition is a metric for evaluat-<br>ing how well the dialog agent is able to understand user\u2019s<br>needs.</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Task Length: The number of turns taken by the user and<br>the dialog agent in completing the intent.</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A detailed illustration of the system across data sources<br>is shown in Table 3. The dialog agent saves the conversa-<br>tions with the user, along with the evaluation metrics such</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>as accuracy, completion time and number of steps taken for<br>intent completion in the form of tabular log \ufb01les for future<br>research.</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Results</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We evaluate the proposed generic dialog agent on the<br>afore-mentioned data sources. The results of the conversa-<br>tion between the user and the agent are captured in Table 4.<br>The accuracy obtained by the dialog agent in assisting ful\ufb01l<br>his intent is 100%, given the query is in-scope. A query is<br>said to be in-scope if it has an instance present in the data<br>source. An out-of-scope query is one that does not have cor-<br>responding information to look for in the data source.</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The task length varies on the user\u2019s intent for a given data<br>source. The intent, however, can be changed over time. Con-<br>sider the user\u2019s query for ICD-10-CM, I want the code for<br>injury of deep palmar arch. The user has started off with<br>just getting the code for a simpler diagnosis. If the user is<br>satis\ufb01ed with the agent\u2019s response - The code for injury of</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 238061, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We will refer to this data source as D2 or ICD-10.</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Data Source - Tiny Employee Directory</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We also have created a relatively small data source - an<br>employee directory. The data set consists of a employee<br>name and their phone number pairs. The reasons behind us-<br>ing such a data set are that it is readily available at most or-<br>ganizations, easy to understand and test, and ideal for scala-<br>bility and generalisation experiments that we plan for future.</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We will refer to this data source as D3 or employee direc-<br>tory.</p>\n<h1 id='53' style='font-size:20px'>System Implementation and Evaluation</h1>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The overview of the proposed system is shown in Fig-<br>ure 2. It consists of three components: ParlAI Core, Planner<br>and an Executor. The ParlAI core, provides the interface for<br>the dialog agent to interact with the user. The Planner, along<br>with ParlAI core help in Intent Identi\ufb01cation. The learnt pol-<br>icy (present in ParlAI core) helps in the data Source Selec-<br>tion that matches the user\u2019s query. The Planner then gen-<br>erates a plan for the Executor, to perform Information Re-<br>trieval from the selected data source. The following subsec-<br>tions elaborate these features.</p>\n<h1 id='55' style='font-size:18px'>Planner</h1>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The proposed system is built using a cloud-based plan-<br>ner - Solver.Planning.Domains4. The planner helps in gen-<br>erating plans based on the domain and problem \ufb01les written<br>in Planning Domain De\ufb01nition Language (PDDL). PDDL<br>is a standard encoding language used for classical planning<br>tasks. The domain and problem \ufb01les help in capturing the<br>planning tasks.</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Domain The domain \ufb01les consists of the actions and pred-<br>icates needed for the planning task. The actions de\ufb01ned for<br>the information lookup task help in getting the user query<br>to facilitate conversation with the dialog agent. Once the<br>user query is obtained, the check for existence of the data<br>source and query type is performed. The query type can be<br>either exact or partial. Exact meaning that the user query has<br>a singular matching instance in the data. Partial, on the other<br>hand, has multiple matching instances and need to be fur-<br>ther disambiguated in order to satisfy the user\u2019s intent. Fig-<br>ure 3 captures the CHECK QUERY TYPE action de\ufb01ned in<br>the information lookup task.</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Problem The initial state of the planning task, along with<br>the objects and the goal are speci\ufb01ed in the problem \ufb01le.<br>Here, the goal refers to the recognised intent of the user. The<br>problem and domain \ufb01les together help in the generation of<br>a plan to be followed by the dialog agent. Figure 4 shows a<br>plan generated for the dialog agent when the system is yet<br>to receive an input, and the received input is classi\ufb01ed as<br>partial by the CHECK QUERY TYPE action.</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:16px'>4http://solver.planning.domains</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Intent Identi\ufb01cation</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The most crucial step in a dialog setting between the user<br>and an automated system is identifying the intent. Based on<br>the user\u2019s conversation with the system, the intent or what<br>the user wants to achieve is established. Once the intent is<br>identi\ufb01ed, the dialog agent generates responses that steer to-<br>wards realising the user\u2019s intent.</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The dialog agent in our system is guided by the planner.<br>The planner generates the questions to be posed to the user<br>in order to glean information that would help in intent iden-<br>ti\ufb01cation. An example user intent in our system is - I want<br>to know the UNSPSC code for pliers. However, establishing<br>intent from a single user dialog is an ideal situation, and usu-<br>ally requires multi-turn dialog exchanges. The planner, how-<br>ever, helps in posing the right questions that would help in<br>identifying the intent in the least number of steps as possible.<br>Instead of the planner for response generation, the proposed<br>system also offers the option to use RL for response gen-<br>eration, which is the default operation of ParlAI. Once the<br>intent is identi\ufb01ed, the control is transferred to the source<br>selector which is responsible for selecting the appropriate<br>data source (here, UNSPSC).</p>\n<br><h1 id='63' style='font-size:18px'>Source Selection</h1>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Typically, a user manually selects the data he wishes to<br>query. In addition to manual selection, our approach also<br>offers the \ufb02exibility for automatically selecting the data<br>source. ParlAI learns the policy to identify the data source<br>based on the user\u2019s intent. For instance, if the recognised<br>user intent is code for pliers, with no explicit mention to the<br>data source, the system\u2019s learnt policy identi\ufb01es UNSPSC to<br>be the source to look for information.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>However, when there is no data source available, the dia-<br>log agents performs general chit-chat but reminds the user<br>for the access to data. The proposed approach has been<br>tested on three data sources - D1, D2 and D3. The system<br>is scalable, and can be used to query new data sets for per-<br>forming the task of information lookup.</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Information Retrieval</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>After the intent is identi\ufb01ed and the data source is se-<br>lected, the user can proceed to retrieve the information<br>through exchange of dialogs. The user\u2019s queries are gener-<br>ally abstract in nature and would need further disambigua-<br>tion in most of the cases. For instance, let us consider the<br>recognised intent to be code for pliers and the data source<br>selected is UNSPSC. The planner would now try to \ufb01nd the<br>code for pliers, but, UNSPSC has 28 different kinds of pliers<br>(Brake Spring pliers, Surgical pliers, etc.), categorised into<br>5 classes (Vehicle Servicing, Orthodontic and Prosthodon-<br>tic equipment, etc.), belonging to 4 different families (Hand<br>Tools, Surgical Products, etc.).</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Since there is no exact match that satis\ufb01es the user\u2019s in-<br>tent, the planner now generates a plan for disambiguation<br>of the user\u2019s query. The disambiguation approach followed<br>is to proceed from the highest hierarchy. Thus, the user is<br>prompted by the dialog agent to select the family of the<br>pliers he is looking for. If there is only plier belonging to</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 238062, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='69' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(320,110); bottom-right:(936,411)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='70' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 2: Proposed System Architecture</caption>\n<figure><img id='71' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(131,494); bottom-right:(595,606)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='72' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 3: An action in the PDDL Domain</caption>\n<figure><img id='73' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(122,675); bottom-right:(595,787)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='74' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 4: Plan generated by PDDL</caption>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>that family, the planner guides the executor to retrieve the<br>code from the data source. But, if further disambiguation is<br>needed, the planner follows a similar approach making sure<br>the user reaches his goal (here, to \ufb01nd the code for pliers) in<br>optimal turns.</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Experimental Results</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This section presents the working of the proposed sys-<br>tem, the evaluation metrics followed while testing and the<br>obtained results.</p>\n<br><h1 id='78' style='font-size:16px'>Illustration</h1>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The working of the proposed dialog agent is illustrated<br>in Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 captures the task of informa-<br>tion lookup performed on D1 data source. In this scenario,<br>the user explicitly points to the data source for the system to<br>perform lookup. Thus, the planner is the only active compo-<br>nent here.</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In Figure 6, RL is used to automatically identify the ap-<br>propriate data source based on the user\u2019s query. We demon-<br>strate this on data source D2. Based on the user\u2019s query,<br>ICD-10-CM is automatically selected by the dialog agent to<br>perform lookup.</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The number of steps taken for the completion of infor-<br>mation lookup is based on various factors such as the user\u2019s</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>query being valid, i.e., have an instance present in the data<br>source, the choices the user makes and the hierarchy present<br>in the data source. In an ideal scenario, the maximum num-<br>ber of steps that need to be taken by the user to retrieve in-<br>formation from D1 is 3, and for D2 is 6.</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Integration Strategies</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In this paper, we explore three different Planning and RL<br>integration strategies for response generation, source selec-<br>tion and information retrieval. We plan to explore more pos-<br>sibilities in future.</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Planning without RL This strategy makes use of a plan-<br>ner alone to generate responses for the dialog agents as well<br>as perform the task of information retrieval. PDDL is used<br>to model the planning task and the generated plan is used to<br>guide the dialog agent\u2019s responses in reaching the goal, i.e.,<br>the user\u2019s intent, data hierarchy, conversation control and<br>data connectivity issues. However, the drawback of this ap-<br>proach is that the user must manually select the data source<br>he wishes to query.</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RL without Planning The second strategy is to make use<br>of RL alone, with no integrated planning component. This<br>is the regular ParlAI framework which learns the policy as-<br>suming training data is available about conversations taking<br>place between a user and the dialog agent. The RL agent<br>is not able to scale with data sources, control conversation<br>unless examples are present in training data and handle dy-<br>namic connectivity situations.</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Planning with RL Planning with RL is the third strategy,<br>that is also used in our proposed system. Here, both the ad-<br>vantages of Planning and RL are exploited by overcoming<br>their drawbacks. RL helps in automatically selecting the data<br>source based on the user\u2019s query including a dummy, No-<br>data-source, when no data source is registered in the sys-<br>tem. The training phase will be small as the training data<br>will only need the schema of the data sources. The Planner<br>helps in guiding the dialog agent towards generating goal-<br>oriented, multi-turn and controlled responses aimed at task<br>completion.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1470204, "type": "text", "content": "28\n\n\n \nHealthcare Data Analytics\n\n\n# 2.4 Coding Systems\n\n\n \n\nStandards play an important role in enhancing the interoperability of health\ninformation systems \nand the purposeful use of EHR systems. Collecting and storing information\nfollowing standard cod- \ning systems provide better and accurate analysis of the data, seamless\nexchange of information, \nimproved work\ufb02ow, and reduced ambiguity. A complete healthcare system is\ncomplex and requires \nvarious EHR products. Different vendors have implemented standards in their\nown way. This prac- \ntice has resulted in a signi\ufb01cant variation in the coding practices and\nimplemented methods for \nwhich systems cannot interoperate. To create an interoperable EHR,\nstandardization is critical in \nthe following four major areas:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Applications interaction with the users\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 System communication with each other\n\n\n\u2022 Information processing and management\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Consumer device integration with other systems and application\n\n\n \n\nInteroperability between the different EHR systems is a crucial requirement in\nthe \u201cmeaningful use \nof certi\ufb01ed EHR technology\u201d to receive incentives. That is why conforming to a\nstandard coding \nsystem is very important. In a practical EHR, we need standards for\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Clinical vocabularies\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Healthcare message exchanges\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 EHR ontologies\n\n\n \n\nThere are three organizations mainly responsible for developing the related\nstandards: Health Level \nSeven (HL7), Comit\u00b4e Europeen de Normalisation-Technical Committee (CEN-TC),\nand the Amer- \nican Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM). HL7 develops healthcare-related\nstandards that are \nwidely used in North America. CEN-TC is a prominent standard developing\norganization working \nin 19 member states in Europe. Both HL7 and CEN-TC collaborate with ASTM.\nAlong with the \nstandards developed by these organizations, EHR systems must comply with the\nHealth Insurance \nPortability and Accountability (HIPAA) Act [11] to conserve the security and\nprivacy of patient \ninformation.\n\n\n2.4.1 International Classi\ufb01cation of Diseases (ICD)\n\n\n \n\nICD stands for International Classi\ufb01cation of Diseases, which is the United\nNations-sponsored \nWorld Health Organization\u2019s (WHO) of\ufb01cial coding standard for diseases,\ndiagnoses, health man- \nagement, and clinical purposes [12]. It \ufb01rst appeared as the International\nList of Causes of Death \nin 1893, adopted by the International Statistical Institute. Since then it has\nbeen revised according \nto advancements in medical science and healthcare. Since the creation of WHO\nin 1948, WHO has \nmaintained ICD. WHO published ICD-6 in 1949, and it was the \ufb01rst coding system\nin which mor- \nbidity was incorporated [13]. It also included mental disorders for the \ufb01rst\ntime. The U.S. Public \nHealth Services issued International Classi\ufb01cation of Diseases, Adapted for\nIndexing of Hospitals \nRecords and Operation Classi\ufb01cation (ICDA) in 1959. It was revised regularly\nand used to classify \ndiseases and mortality until WHO published the ninth revision of ICD.\n\n\n \n\nThe 1967 WHO Nomenclature Regulations speci\ufb01ed that the member nations should\nuse the \nmost recent ICD version for mortality and morbidity statistics. Along with the\nstorage and retrieval\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3565351, "type": "text", "content": "Acces PDF Cms Claims Processing Manual Chapter 13\n\n\nto identify, record, measure, and evaluate treatment and therapies \u2014\nespecially important when insurance companies require evidence of functional\nprogress in order to provide reimbursement. \nWorkbook/textbook format uses examples and exercises in each chapter to\nreinforce your understanding of concepts. NEW Standardized Outcome Measures\nchapter leads to better care and patient \nmanagement by helping you select the right outcome measures for use in\nevaluations, re-evaluations, and discharge summaries. UPDATED content is based\non data from current research, federal policies \nand APTA guidelines, including incorporation of new terminology from the Guide\nto Physical Therapist 3.0 and ICD-10 coding. EXPANDED number of case examples\ncovers an even broader range of \nclinical practice areas.\n\n\n \n\nTake your first step toward a successful career in medical coding with\nguidance from the most trusted name in coding education! The bestselling\nBuck\u2019s Step-by-Step Medical Coding is a practical, easy- \nto-use resource that shows you exactly how to code using all current coding\nsets. To reinforce your understanding, practice exercises follow the\nexplanations of each coding concept. In addition to \ncoverage of reimbursement, ICD-10-CM, CPT, HCPCS, and inpatient coding, an\nEvolve website includes 30-day access to TruCode Encoder Essentials. No other\nbook so thoroughly covers all coding \nsets! Theory and practical review questions (located at the end of each\nchapter) focus on recalling important chapter information and application of\ncodes. A step-by-step approach makes it easier to build \nyour coding skills and remember the material. 30-day trial to TruCode Encoder\nEssentials gives you experience with using an encoder (plus access to\nadditional encoder practice exercises on the Evolve \nwebsite). UNIQUE! \"Real-life\" coding reports simulate the reports you will\nencounter as a coder and help you apply coding principles to actual cases.\nOnline activities on Evolve provide extra practice \nassignments, including coding reports. More than 450 illustrations help you\nunderstand the types of medical conditions and procedures being coded, and\ninclude examples taken directly from Elsevier's \nprofessional ICD-10 and HCPCS manuals. Learning objective and glossary review\nquestions reinforce your understanding of key chapter concepts and terms\nUNIQUE! Four coding-question variations\n\n\n \n\nwith\n\n\n\u2014 covering both single-code questions and multiple-code questions and\nscenarios \u2014 develop your coding ability and critical thinking skills. UNIQUE!\nCoders\u2019 Index in the back of the book makes it\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 903773, "type": "text", "content": "# Coding and reimbursement (cont\u2019d)\n\n\n# Review of Relevant Codes\n\n\n \n\nCodes should be confirmed with each respective payer, as there may be\nvariability in both \ncoding and documentation requirements.\n\n\n# INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES, TENTH REVISION, CLINICAL\nMODIFICATION \n(ICD-10-CM) DIAGNOSIS CODE\n\n\nEffective January 1, 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n(CDC), under the \nNational Emergencies Act Section 201 and 301, announced further additions to\nICD-10-CM \nClassification related to COVID-19. These additions can be viewed here:\nhttps://www.cdc.\n\n\n \n\n# gov/nchs/data/icd/Announcement-New-ICD-code-for-coronavirus-19-508.pdf.\n\n\n \n\nHealthcare providers should refer to individual payer policies on COVID-19\nbilling and coding \nas appropriate.\n\n\nLEVEL II HEALTHCARE COMMON PROCEDURE CODING SYSTEM (HCPCS) ADMINISTRATION CODE\n\n\n23\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Suppose the system needs to handle a scenario where the user's task evolves from needing a simple code lookup in UNSPSC to requiring detailed ICD-10-CM medical coding, with necessary date stamp inclusions. How does the integration of RL with planning affect the processing time and what temporal factors must be considered to ensure completion within an optimal timeframe?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 796, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1787287, "type": "text", "content": "In June 2019 the Company received the results for previously unsampled drill\ncore from the 2007 drilling program. This \nadditional sampling of holes NP0702 and NP0714 significantly extends the known\nniobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), \nphosphorus (P) intercepts in these holes and adds assays for rare earth\nelements (REE) including lanthanum (La), cerium \n(Ce), samarium (Sm), neodymium (Nd) and yttrium (Y). When combined with\npreviously reported sampling (see press \nrelease dated January 7, 2008), the new results extend the intersection in\nhole NP0714 to 45.9m 0.207 % Nb205 and \n5.26 % P205 with 43 g/t Ta, between 4.1m and 50.0m, from the 17.45m length\nreported in 2008.\n\n\nD uring Q3 and Q4 2019 Prairie Lake drill core was cut in preparation for\nsampling and analysis \u2013 when conducted this \nsampling will provide more extensive analytical coverage of the mineralized\nzones that have been identified in the \npreviously reported Exploration Target.\n\n\nI n Q1 2020 additional carbonatite rock was provided to an interested party\nfor analysis and evaluation as a soil \namendment additive.\n\n\nEgypt\n\n\n \n\nNuinsco has retained a presence in Egypt through its interest in Egypt-based\nZ-Gold Limited (\u201cZ-Gold\u201d). The Company has \nbeen evaluating opportunities there for approximately ten years. Management\nregards the country as an underexplored \nopportunity for mineral exploration and development. In 2018, Nuinsco (through\nZ-Gold) won a competitive bid for the right to \nevaluate the viability of gold production from waste dumps and tailings at the\npast-producing El Sid mine in Egypt (at a cost \nof $147,000). To fund the acquisition, the Company began selling royalties\n(the \u201cRoyalties\u201d) on future gold and associated \nminerals produced from El Sid. The Company has received proceeds of $124,908\nfrom the sale of the Royalties representing \n13% of the distributable cash flow from the production of gold and associated\nminerals. $74,658 of these Royalties was sold \nto management and directors of the Company to assist in funding the project.\nThis amount was credited against the carrying \nvalue of El Sid.\n\n\nL ocated in Egypt\u2019s Eastern Desert, approximately 90km west of the town of\nQuseir on the Red Sea coast, El Sid is easily \naccessible via a paved road that passes through the project site. Three past\nproducing gold mines are located on the project \n\u2013 the largest of which is the El Sid Mine which operated primarily between\n1947 and 1957 and was Egypt\u2019s largest gold \nproducer. The mineralization exploited at El Sid consisted of sulphide and\nnative gold-bearing quartz veins in granite and \ndeformed volcanic rock. The mines were high-grade \u2013 averaging more than 30 g/t\ngold. Estimates are that the accumulated \ndumps and tailings on surface at the site amount to more than 300,000 tonnes\nwith an average grade exceeding 3.0 g/t gold \nfor a total of about one tonne (approximately 32,151 troy ounces) of contained\ngold (all estimates are based upon historic \ninformation and Nuinsco is not treating this information as a current mineral\nresource or mineral reserve).\n\n\nO f significance to Nuinsco is the fact that the rock adjacent to the\nexploited veins also carried gold but was rejected and \ndumped as waste. This waste, which runs to several grams per tonne gold and\naverages over 4.4g/t, along with a \nconsiderable volume of tailings, is available for processing and gold recovery\nwith potentially a very short timeline to gold \nproduction \u2013 measured in months \u2013 at which point the Company expects to have\ncash flow for non-dilutive funding of existing \nprojects and evaluation of potential project acquisitions.\n\n\nT he occurrence of broken mineralized rock in the waste dumps and tailings\npiles already at surface streamlines the \nprocess and reduces the cost of evaluation of grade, tonnage, metallurgy and\nexploitation. As a result capital and \noperating costs are anticipated to be low and the timeline to production and\nrevenue generation short relative to \nconventional underground mine development.\n\n\n \n\nT hree site visits have been conducted to El Sid during which sampling was\nconducted: the average grade of all 565 \nsamples collected from the waste dump at El Sid is 4.41g/t gold. The sampling\nprogram included the use of a backhoe to \nexcavate trenches and pits into the waste pile in order to ascertain grades\nother than from the surface of the pile. The \nwaste dump attains a maximum thickness of 15m, to date maximum trench depth\nhas been >7m while pits were \nexcavated at the base of the waste pile at between 10m and 15m below the upper\nsurface of the waste dump. All \nanalyses were conducted by ALS Limited at their analytical laboratory in\nIzmir, Turkey. Metallurgical testing by MetSolve \nLaboratory in Langley, BC has shown that a combination of gravity and leaching\nor flotation provides very good gold \nrecovery. At the same time an inventory of the site was conducted in\npreparation for completion of the Agreement (as \ndefined below) allowing the Company free access. \nThe results of the economic evaluation indicate that the El Sid project is\neconomic using conservative estimation of \neconomic parameters and it could quickly produce revenue. The Company is now\nattempting to source capital funding to \nbuild the processing plant on-site.\n\n\n6\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2349233, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(7,12); bottom-right:(160,154)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Feasibility Study Reserves</p>\n<table id='2' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Description</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Area</td><td>Tons</td><td>Ag</td><td>Au</td><td>Pb</td><td>Zn</td><td>Aq</td><td>Au</td><td>Pb</td><td>Zn</td><td>Aq Equiv</td><td>Aq Equiv</td></tr><tr><td>(kst)</td><td>(oz/st)</td><td>(oz/st)</td><td>(%)</td><td>(%)</td><td>(koz)</td><td>(koz)</td><td>(klb)</td><td>(klb)</td><td>(koz)</td><td>oz/st</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Proven</td><td>Virginius Terrible</td><td>203.5</td><td>24.5</td><td>0.06</td><td>5.09</td><td>1.75</td><td>4,980</td><td>12.6</td><td>20,720</td><td>7,124</td><td>7,448</td><td>36.6</td></tr><tr><td>Yellow Rose</td><td>40.9</td><td>20.2</td><td>0.05</td><td>4.20</td><td>2.31</td><td>825</td><td>2.1</td><td>3,433</td><td>1,887</td><td>1,281</td><td>31.3</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Proven Subtotal</td><td>244.4</td><td>23.8</td><td>0.06</td><td>4.94</td><td>1.84</td><td>5,805</td><td>14.7</td><td>24,153</td><td>9,011</td><td>8,728</td><td>35.7</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">Probable Subtotal</td><td>Virginius</td><td>206.6</td><td>30.4</td><td>0.06</td><td>5.11</td><td>2.80</td><td>6,270</td><td>13.1</td><td>21,133</td><td>11,571</td><td>9,083</td><td>44.0</td></tr><tr><td>Terrible</td><td>44.9</td><td>18.0</td><td>0.05</td><td>7.40</td><td>1.37</td><td>806</td><td>2.2</td><td>6,642</td><td>1,229</td><td>1,399</td><td>31.2</td></tr><tr><td>Yellow Rose</td><td>79.2</td><td>16.7</td><td>0.04</td><td>3.29</td><td>1.83</td><td>1,321</td><td>2.8</td><td>5,209</td><td>2,896</td><td>1,987</td><td>25.1</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Probable Subtotal</td><td>330.7</td><td>25.4</td><td>0.05</td><td>4.99</td><td>2.37</td><td>8,397</td><td>18.1</td><td>32,984</td><td>15,696</td><td>12,470</td><td>37.7</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">P&P</td><td>Virginius</td><td>410.1</td><td>27.4</td><td>0.06</td><td>5.10</td><td>2.28</td><td>11,250</td><td>25.7</td><td>41,853</td><td>18,695</td><td>16,531</td><td>40.3</td></tr><tr><td>Terrible</td><td>44.9</td><td>18.0</td><td>0.05</td><td>7.40</td><td>1.37</td><td>806</td><td>2.2</td><td>6,642</td><td>1,229</td><td>1,399</td><td>31.2</td></tr><tr><td>Yellow Rose</td><td>120.1</td><td>17.9</td><td>0.04</td><td>3.60</td><td>1.99</td><td>2,146</td><td>4.9</td><td>8,642</td><td>4,783</td><td>3,268</td><td>27.2</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">P&P Subtotal</td><td>575.1</td><td>24.7</td><td>0.06</td><td>4.97</td><td>2.15</td><td>14,202</td><td>32.8</td><td>57,137</td><td>24,707</td><td>21,198</td><td>36.9</td></tr></table>\n<p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Based on the NI 43-101 OSMI Feasibility Study prepared by SRK Consulting (U.S.), Inc. effective June 15, 2018 (\u201cFS\u201d) and OSMI analysis<br>\u2022 (1) All figures are rounded to reflect the relative accuracy of the estimates. Totals may not sum due to rounding. (2) Ore reserves are reported at NSR CoGs based on metal<br>price assumptions*, metallurgical recovery assumptions**, mining costs, processing costs, general and administrative (G&A) costs, and treatment and refining charges. Mining<br>costs, processing costs, and G&A costs total US$240.62/st. (Metal price assumptions considered for the calculation of metal equivalent grades are: Gold (US$/oz 1,300), Silver<br>(US$/oz 18.50), Lead (US$/lb 1.00) and Zinc (US$/lb 1.20); Metallurgical recoveries for payable items in the Pb concentrate are: Gold (60%), Silver (95%), and Lead (95%).<br>Metallurgical recoveries for payable items in the Zn concentrate are: Zinc (54%). (3) Ore reserves have been stated on the basis of a mine design, mine plan, and cash-flow<br>model. Full mining recovery of designed areas is assumed. Mining dilution is applied at zero grade and ranges from 5.9%-26.8%. (4) The ore reserves were estimated by OSMI.<br>Joanna Poeck, (BS Mining, MMSA, SME-RM) a Qualified Person, reviewed and audited the reserve estimates.<br>\u2022 For further information see Aurcana Corporation\u2019s (\u201cAurcana\u201d) news release dated July 30, 2018 titled \u201cAurcana Announces Transformational Transaction\u201d, which is available on<br>Aurcana\u2019s website and is filed on SEDAR www.sedar.com</p>\n<footer id='4' style='font-size:14px'>PAGE 21</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2349206, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nFeasibility Study Reserves\n\n\n\u2022 Based on the NI 43-101 OSMI Feasibility Study prepared by SRK Consulting\n(U.S.), Inc. effective June 15, 2018 (\u201cFS\u201d) and OSMI analysis \n\u2022 (1) All figures are rounded to reflect the relative accuracy of the\nestimates. Totals may not sum due to rounding. (2) Ore reserves are reported\nat NSR CoGs based on metal \nprice assumptions*, metallurgical recovery assumptions**, mining costs,\nprocessing costs, general and administrative (G&A;) costs, and treatment and\nrefining charges. Mining \ncosts, processing costs, and G&A; costs total US$240.62/st. (Metal price\nassumptions considered for the calculation of metal equivalent grades are:\nGold (US$/oz 1,300), Silver \n(US$/oz 18.50), Lead (US$/lb 1.00) and Zinc (US$/lb 1.20); Metallurgical\nrecoveries for payable items in the Pb concentrate are: Gold (60%), Silver\n(95%), and Lead (95%). \nMetallurgical recoveries for payable items in the Zn concentrate are: Zinc\n(54%). (3) Ore reserves have been stated on the basis of a mine design, mine\nplan, and cash-flow \nmodel. Full mining recovery of designed areas is assumed. Mining dilution is\napplied at zero grade and ranges from 5.9%-26.8%. (4) The ore reserves were\nestimated by OSMI. \nJoanna Poeck, (BS Mining, MMSA, SME-RM) a Qualified Person, reviewed and\naudited the reserve estimates. \n\u2022 For further information see Aurcana Corporation\u2019s (\u201cAurcana\u201d) news release\ndated July 30, 2018 titled \u201cAurcana Announces Transformational Transaction\u201d,\nwhich is available on \nAurcana\u2019s website and is filed on SEDAR www.sedar.com\n\n\nPAGE 21\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1895009, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='18' style='font-size:20px'>Financial Summary & Valuation</h1>\n<table id='19' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Production yr end June</td><td>2020</td><td>2021</td><td>2022</td><td>2023</td><td>2024</td></tr><tr><td>Fe Ore 000 t</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>552.5</td><td>1,700.0</td></tr><tr><td>Copper 000 t</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Zinc 000 t</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Lead 000 t</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Nickel 000 t</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Cobalt 000 t</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Gold 000 Ozs</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Silver 000 Ozs</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td></tr><tr><td>Forecast yr end June</td><td>2020</td><td>2021</td><td>2022</td><td>2023</td><td>2024</td></tr><tr><td>AUDUSD</td><td>0.671</td><td>0.747</td><td>0.760</td><td>0.750</td><td>0.750</td></tr><tr><td>Fe Ore 62% USD/t cif</td><td>108.8</td><td>152.9</td><td>105.0</td><td>90.0</td><td>90.0</td></tr><tr><td>Copper USD/t</td><td>5,696</td><td>7,423</td><td>7,793</td><td>7,385</td><td>7,385</td></tr><tr><td>Zinc USD/t</td><td>2,204</td><td>2,610</td><td>2,820</td><td>2,820</td><td>2,820</td></tr><tr><td>Lead USD/t</td><td>1,906</td><td>1,975</td><td>2,100</td><td>2,100</td><td>2,100</td></tr><tr><td>Nickel USD/t</td><td>14,043</td><td>16,561</td><td>18,425</td><td>18,425</td><td>18,425</td></tr><tr><td>Cobalt USD/t</td><td>32,613</td><td>36,740</td><td>46,297</td><td>46,297</td><td>46,297</td></tr><tr><td>Gold USD/oz</td><td>1,562</td><td>1,866</td><td>1,700</td><td>1,700</td><td>1,700</td></tr><tr><td>Silver USD/oz</td><td>16.87</td><td>25.24</td><td>27.00</td><td>27.00</td><td>27.00</td></tr><tr><td>Valuation @ DCF Valuation</td><td>8.00% DCF</td><td>Jun 20</td><td>Stage</td><td>12 mo fwd</td><td>Jun 21</td></tr><tr><td>yr end June</td><td>A$m 149.5</td><td>A$/sh 0.026</td><td>Risk % 80%</td><td>A$m 129.1</td><td>A$/sh 0.022</td></tr><tr><td>Yaraloola Fe</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Yarrie Fe</td><td>7.2</td><td>0.001</td><td>50%</td><td>3.6</td><td>0.001</td></tr><tr><td>Croydon Au-Ag</td><td>11.1</td><td>0.002</td><td>50%</td><td>5.6</td><td>0.001</td></tr><tr><td>Buddadoo Au</td><td>7.2</td><td>0.001</td><td>50%</td><td>3.6</td><td>0.001</td></tr><tr><td>Shepherds Well Investments</td><td>0.8</td><td>0.000</td><td>50%</td><td>0.4</td><td>0.000</td></tr><tr><td>Expl'n & Eval'n</td><td>0.0 0.2</td><td>0.000 0.000</td><td>100%</td><td>0.0 0.1</td><td>0.000</td></tr><tr><td>Corp. Costs (pv)</td><td>-0.8</td><td>0.000</td><td></td><td>-0.4</td><td>0.000 0.000</td></tr><tr><td>Hedge Book</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.000</td><td></td><td>0.0</td><td>0.000</td></tr><tr><td>Enterprise Val.</td><td>175.2</td><td>0.030</td><td></td><td>142.0</td><td>0.025</td></tr><tr><td>Cash</td><td>4.6</td><td>0.001</td><td></td><td>1.5</td><td>0.000</td></tr><tr><td>Debt + CNotes</td><td>-0.3</td><td>0.000</td><td></td><td>0.0</td><td>0.000</td></tr><tr><td>Equity Valuation</td><td>179.6</td><td>0.031</td><td></td><td>143.5</td><td>0.025</td></tr><tr><td>Notional Capital (pv)</td><td>31.1</td><td>0.005</td><td></td><td>31.9</td><td>0.006</td></tr><tr><td>Value \u2013 Fully Dil.</td><td>210.7</td><td>0.037</td><td></td><td>175.4</td><td>0.030</td></tr><tr><td>mkt disc. factor</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.000</td></tr><tr><td>12mo fwd Equity (dil)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>175.4</td><td>0.030</td></tr></table>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ource: Matau Advisory, Company Reports</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1149867, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='87' style='font-size:18px'>AUSTRALIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE ANNOUNCEMENT<br>& MEDIA RELEASE</h1>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Table 10 \u2013 Key Financial Outcomes</p>\n<br><table id='89' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Key Financial Outcomes</td><td>Total A$</td></tr><tr><td>Total Revenue</td><td>1,052 Million</td></tr><tr><td>EBITDA</td><td>533 million</td></tr><tr><td>Annual Cash Surplus \u2013 Pre-Tax</td><td>29.6 million</td></tr><tr><td>Capital Costs</td><td>59.8 million</td></tr><tr><td>Direct Operating Cost (per tonne Product - LOM)</td><td>25.1/dmt</td></tr><tr><td>Total Operating Cost (per tonne Product \u2013 LOM)</td><td>29.0/dmt</td></tr><tr><td>NPV8 Pre- tax</td><td>190.2 million</td></tr><tr><td>NPV8 Post- tax</td><td>114.9 million</td></tr><tr><td>Post-Tax IRR</td><td>32%</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='90' style='font-size:16px'>16. Sensitivity Analysis</h1>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sensitivity analysis indicates that the Project is most sensitive to iron ore prices, followed by operating costs,<br>AUD/BRL exchange rate, discount rates and capital expenditure. The degree of sensitivity is represented in the<br>Tornado chart in Figure 8 below. The values used for each variable under each case and the impact on post-tax NPV<br>is summarised in Table 11 below:</p>\n<caption id='92' style='font-size:14px'>Table 11 \u2013 Values used for Sensitivity Analysis of 1Mtpa Concentrate Production Scenario</caption>\n<br><table id='93' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>1Mtpa</td><td></td><td colspan=\"5\">Case</td><td colspan=\"5\">NPV8 Post Tax A$</td></tr><tr><td>Variable</td><td></td><td>-20%</td><td>-10%</td><td>Base</td><td>+10%</td><td>+20%</td><td>-20%</td><td>-10%</td><td>Base</td><td>+10%</td><td>+20%</td></tr><tr><td>Mine Gate Reference Price</td><td>US$/wmt</td><td>60.0</td><td>67.5</td><td>75.0</td><td>82.5</td><td>90.0</td><td>55.3</td><td>85.8</td><td>114.9</td><td>143.6</td><td>172.0</td></tr><tr><td>Forex</td><td>A$/R$</td><td>2.08</td><td>2.34</td><td>2.60</td><td>2.86</td><td>3.12</td><td>143.6</td><td>127.7</td><td>114.9</td><td>104.5</td><td>95.7</td></tr><tr><td>Operating Costs</td><td>A$/wmt</td><td>23.2</td><td>26.1</td><td>29.0</td><td>31.9</td><td>34.8</td><td>141.5</td><td>128.2</td><td>114.9</td><td>101.4</td><td>87.8</td></tr><tr><td>Capital Expenditure</td><td>A$ million</td><td>47.8</td><td>53.8</td><td>59.8</td><td>65.8</td><td>71.8</td><td>125.2</td><td>120.0</td><td>114.9</td><td>109.8</td><td>104.6</td></tr><tr><td>Discount Rate</td><td>%</td><td>6.4</td><td>7.2</td><td>8</td><td>8.8</td><td>9.6</td><td>137.7</td><td>125.8</td><td>114.9</td><td>105.0</td><td>95.9</td></tr></table>\n<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 8 \u2013 NPV Sensitivity Analysis</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='95' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(150,1080); bottom-right:(1028,1624)\" /></figure>\n<br><footer id='96' style='font-size:20px'>18<br>Page</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1096488, "type": "text", "content": "# FINANCIAL ANALYSIS \nFINANCIAL ANALYSIS\n\n\nKey financial assumptions used in the financial analysis\n\n\n \n\n(cid:131) Copper price for the base case used the Comex forward curve as at 16\nJune 2011 and \nthen assumed a reversion to a real long\u2010term price of $2.50/lb by 2017. \n(cid:131) Discount rate 10% (approximates Company\u2019s weighted average cost of\ncapital, WACC); \n(cid:131) IDR/USD exchange rate 8,500; \n(cid:131) Diesel fuel price US$1.13/litre, MFO fuel price US$1.01/litre; \n(cid:131) Total power cost US$0.226/kWh. \n(cid:131) Tax rate of 25%, royalty rate of 4%.\n\n\n# Key financial ratios\n\n\n \n\nThe project is robust at a number of copper price scenarios with short payback\nperiods, strong cash \ngeneration and significant NPV10 across a range of copper prices. NPV on an\nungeared basis varies \n~$70m for every $1,000 change in the copper price.\n\n\nThe annual EBITDA for the project at capacity production above a $7,000/t\ncopper price equals \nFinders\u2019 current market capitalisation.\n\n\nFinders Resources Limited | ACN 108 547 413 | Suite 901, Level 9 | 60 Pitt St | Sydney | NSW 2000 | Australia \nTel: +61 2 8084 1812 | Fax: +61 2 8068 2540 | info@findersresources.com | www.findersresources.com 17\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2451541, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>-9-</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Table 4: Notional operating cost estimates (A$/t).</p>\n<table id='91' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Operational Cost Estimates</td></tr><tr><td>Item</td><td>($AUD/t)</td></tr><tr><td>Mining Costs / tonne mined</td><td>$3.60</td></tr><tr><td>Processing Costs / tonne processed</td><td>$16.70</td></tr><tr><td>Selling Costs / tonne product</td><td>$58.00</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='92' style='font-size:16px'>OTHER DEVELOPMENT ISSUES ADDRESSED</h1>\n<p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>As part of the Conceptual Study CSA Global has collated information from a number of sub-<br>consultants. Preliminary water studies by Groundswell Geoscience Pty Ltd used existing data to<br>consider requirements for water supply to the proposed plant, camp and for mining activities as<br>well as potential pit dewatering. This has set water exploration targets to facilitate the eventual<br>project development. Airlift testing and water depths suggest that eventual pit dewatering may<br>provide a possible supply for the camp and ore processing requirements. Water quality was<br>good with around 600 mg/l of total dissolved solids, with acidity in the range pH 7 to 8.</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Onshore Environmental Consultants Pty Ltd have completed the first part of a two season Level<br>2 flora and vegetation survey. Biologic Environmental Survey Pty Ltd conducted a dry season<br>program of vertebrate fauna trapping and some invertebrate fauna sampling across the project<br>area. These initial studies have not highlighted any issues that would prejudice the eventual<br>development of the mining and processing scenarios envisaged in the Conceptual Study.</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Malarngowem people are the traditional owners of the land on which the McIntosh Flake<br>Graphite Project is being defined. Lamboo considers that the current Heritage Protection<br>Agreements with Malarngowem provide a framework for the undertaking of Aboriginal heritage<br>surveys (both ethnographic and archaeological as required) with Malarngowem representatives.<br>Further work is required but there are currently no known heritage sites registered within the<br>work area.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 231943, "type": "text", "content": "1450, 789 West Pender Street \nVancouver, BC V6C 1H2\n\n\nt. 604 681 1568 \nwww.savilleres.com\n\n\nSaville Resources Inc. Provides Update on its Summer Drill Program at its\nNiobium \nClaim Group Property, Quebec\n\n\nJuly 22, 2021 \u2013 Saville Resources Inc. (TSXv: SRE, FSE: S0J) (the \u201cCompany\u201d or\n\u201cSaville\u201d) is pleased to \nprovide an update on its diamond drill program currently underway at its\nNiobium Claim Group Property \n(the \u201cProperty\u201d), located in northern Quebec. The program is being managed by\nDahrouge Geological \nConsulting Ltd of Edmonton, AB, with drilling operations being carried out by\nLogan Drilling Ltd of \nStewiacke, NS.\n\n\nFig. 1 Drill rig at Mallard Target\n\n\nThe Company has successfully mobilized the drill rig and crew to site and have\ncollared the first 3 drill \nholes of the program, with a total of 600+ m of NQ size coring completed to\ndate. These initial drill holes \nwere completed at the Mallard Prospect as 50 m step-outs along strike to the\nsoutheast of the high- \ngrade intersection in drill hole EC19-174A, which was completed as the final\ndrill hole of the 2019 \nprogram, returning 1.36% Nb2O5 over 4.5 m, within a larger interval of 0.80%\nNb2O5 over 31.5 m (see \nnews release dated June 11th, 2019). The drill core is currently being logged\nahead of sampling and\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 231795, "type": "text", "content": "Measured Mineral Resources were assigned. Block size is five metre (x) by five\nmetre (y) by five metre (z) with two \nsub-blocks.\n\n\nT he drilling-defined deposit is divided into three spatial domains for\nmodeling purposes, these being (1) Pavon \nNorth, (2) Pavon Central and (3) Pavon South. At a long-term metal price of\nUS$1,400 per ounce, reasonable \nprospects are considered to exist for eventual economic extraction of Mineral\nResources defined at a 1.15 g/t Au \ncut-off value within limits of the conceptual final pit shell prepared by WSP\nCanada Inc. Additional information \nabout the Mineral Resource modeling methodology will be documented in the\nupcoming NI 43-101 technical \nreport (the \"Technical Report\"). Table 2 summarizes the pit constrained\nmineral resource at Pavon by resource \nclassification, domain and rock type.\n\n\nTable 2 2019 Pavon Mineral Resource Summary\n\n\n# M ineral Resource Estimate Notes:\n\n\n \n\n(1) Mineral Resources were prepared in accordance with NI 43-101 and the CIM\nDefinition Standards (2014). Mineral resources \nthat are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. \n(2) This estimate of mineral resources may be materially affected by\nenvironmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, \nsociopolitical, marketing, or other relevant issues. \n(3) Open pit Mineral Resources are reported at a cut-off grade of 1.15 g/t\ngold that is based on a gold price of US$1,400/oz, an \noperating cost of US$50.68/tonne and a gold processing recovery factor of 94%. \n(4) Appropriate mining costs, processing costs, metal recoveries, and inter\nramp pit slope angles were used by WSP to generate \nthe pit shell. \n(5) Rounding may result in apparent summation differences between tonnes,\ngrade, and contained metal content. \n(6) Tonnage and grade measurements are in metric units. Contained gold ounces\nare in troy ounces. \n(7) Composites completed at 2 m down the hole \n(8) Contributing assay composites were capped at 29.03 g/t Au at Pavon North,\n75 g/t Au at Pavon Central and 17.18 g/t Au at \nPavon South \n(9) A specific gravity value of 2.49 was applied to all blocks in rock and\n2.30 was applied to all blocks in saprolite \n(10) Modeling was performed use in GEOVIA Surpac 2019 software with grades\nestimated using ordinary kriging (OK) \ninterpolation methodology. \n(11) Blocks are 5x5x5 with 2 sub-blocks\n\n\n2\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 231944, "type": "text", "content": "shipment to the lab for assay. Mallard is the most advanced prospect on the\nProperty and is characterized \nby a series of sub-parallel, elongate, moderate to steeply dipping, northwest\ntrending mineralized \nhorizons that extend from surface and remain open in all directions.\nImmediately following the \ncompletion of the program\u2019s initial three drill holes at Mallard, the Company\nintends to move to Miranna \nfor the first round of drill testing at the Prospect.\n\n\nMike Hodge, President and CEO of the Company commented: \u201cwe are off to a great\nstart in this program \nwith some of the best coring rates seen to date on the property. With the\nfirst few holes now completed \nat Mallard, we are about to collar our first drill holes at our Miranna\nProspect, and we could not be more \nexcited.\u201d\n\n\nThe Miranna Target is characterized by a strongly mineralized (niobium-\ntantalum-phosphate), glacially \ndispersed boulder train with an apex that correlates with a distinct magnetic\nhigh anomaly, which is \ninterpreted to be the source. Sample assays of the mineralized boulders from\nthe train include 5.93% \nNb2O5, 310 ppm Ta2O5, and 11.5% P2O5; and 4.30% Nb2O5, 240 ppm Ta2O5, and\n13.4% P2O5; as well as \nmultiple additional samples grading >1% Nb2O5. The drill holes at Miranna will\ntarget the interpreted \nbedrock source of this mineralized boulder train.\n\n\nFig. 2 Geologist logging core\n\n\nThe Company notes that it will carry-out its field programs while adhering to\nall federal, provincial, and \nregional restrictions in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company has\nsuccessfully navigated\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Integrate the knowledge of mineral concentrations from Mallard and Miranna prospects into financial projections. If Mallard's discovered concentration is valued at $10,000 per metric ton of Nb2O5 and Miranna's at $15,000 per metric ton, calculate the total estimated financial value based on previous volume estimates and determine which site is agriculturally viable if only one can be further explored due to budget constraints.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 798, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1768356, "type": "text", "content": "MAINTENANCE\n\n\n# V-BELTS\n\n\n \n\nCheck V-belts for deterioration and wear after 100 hours \nof operation and replace if necessary. The belts are not \nad just able. Re place belts if they begin to slip from wear.\n\n\n \n\n# TRANSAXLE MAINTENANCE\n\n\n \n\nThe transmission fan and cooling fins should be kept clean \nto ensure proper cooling.\n\n\n \n\nDo not attempt to clean fan or transmission while engine \nis running or while the transmission is hot. To prevent pos- \nsi ble damage to seals, do not use high pressure water or \nsteam to clean transmission.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Inspect cooling fan to be sure fan blades are intact and \nclean. \n\u2022 Inspect cooling fins for dirt, grass clippings and other \nmaterials. To prevent damage to seals, do not use com- \npressed air or high pressure sprayer to clean cool ing fins.\n\n\n \n\n# TRANSAXLE PUMP FLUID\n\n\n \n\nThe transaxle was sealed at the factory and fluid main te- \nnance is not required for the life of the transaxle. Should \nthe transaxle ever leak or require servicing, contact your \nnear est au tho rized ser vice center/department.\n\n\n \n\n# ENGINE\n\n\n \n\n# LUBRICATION\n\n\n \n\nOnly use high quality detergent oil rated with API service \nclassification SG-SL. Select the oil\u2019s SAE viscosity grade \naccording to your expected operating temperature.\n\n\n \n\nFig. 18\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: Although multi-viscosity oils (5W30, 10W30 etc.) \nimprove starting in cold weather, they will result in increased \noil consumption when used above 32\u00b0F/0\u00b0C Check your \nengine oil level more frequently to avoid possible engine \ndamage from running low on oil.\n\n\n \n\nChange the oil after every 50 hours of operation or at least \nonce a year if the tractor is not used for 50 hours in one year.\n\n\n \n\nCheck the crankcase oil level before starting the engine \nand after each eight (8) hours of operation. Tighten oil fill \ncap/dipstick securely each time you check the oil level.\n\n\n \n\n# TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL (See Fig. 18 - 20)\n\n\n \n\nDetermine temperature range expected before oil change. \nAll oil must meet API service classification SG-SL.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Be sure tractor is on level surface. \n\u2022 Oil will drain more freely when warm. \n\u2022 Catch oil in a suitable container.\n\n\n \n\nLOWER DASH COVER REMOVAL\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Raise hood. \n\u2022 Remove fastener from lower dash cover.\n\n\n \n\nCAUTION: Remove lower dash cover carefully to ensure \ncover tabs are not broken.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Slide lower dash cover up to release cover tabs from \ntapered slots in lower dash and remove.\n\n\n \n\nFig. 19\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Remove oil fill cap/dipstick. Be careful not to allow dirt \nto enter the engine when changing oil. \n2\\. Slide oil drain extension from the docking position on \nthe engine blower housing and extend outward from \nengine.\n\n\n \n\n3\\. To open, twist cap counter-clockwise \n4\\. After oil is drained completely, replace cap and twist \nclockwise until it stops. \n5\\. Re-attach oil drain extension to engine blower housing. \n6\\. Refill engine with oil through oil fill dipstick tube. Pour \nslowly. Do not overfill. For approximate capacity see \n\u201cPRODUCT SPEC I FI CA TIONS\u201d section of this man u al. \n7\\. Use gauge on oil fill cap/dipstick for checking level. For \naccurate reading, tighten dipstick cap securely onto the \ntube before removing dipstick. Keep oil at \u201cFULL\u201d line on \ndipstick. Tighten cap onto the tube securely when finished.\n\n\n17\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1656786, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='134' style='font-size:22px'>MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<h1 id='135' style='font-size:18px'>V-BELTS</h1>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Check V-belts for deterioration and wear after 100 hours<br>of operation and replace if necessary. The belts are not<br>ad just able. Re place belts if they begin to slip from wear.</p>\n<br><h1 id='137' style='font-size:18px'>TRANSAXLE COOLING</h1>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transmission fan and cooling fins should be kept clean<br>to assure proper cooling.</p>\n<br><p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Do not attempt to clean fan or transmission while engine<br>is running or while the transmission is hot. To prevent pos-<br>si ble damage to seals, do not use high pressure water or<br>steam to clean transaxle.</p>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Inspect cooling fan to be sure fan blades are intact and<br>clean.<br>\u2022 Inspect cooling fins for dirt, grass clippings and other<br>materials. To prevent damage to seals, do not use<br>compressed air or high pressure sprayer to clean<br>cooling fins.</p>\n<br><h1 id='141' style='font-size:18px'>TRANSAXLE PUMP FLUID</h1>\n<br><p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transaxle was sealed at the factory and fluid main te-<br>nance is not required for the life of the transaxle. Should<br>the transaxle ever leak or require servicing, contact your<br>near est au tho rized ser vice center/department.</p>\n<br><h1 id='143' style='font-size:20px'>ENGINE</h1>\n<br><h1 id='144' style='font-size:18px'>LUBRICATION</h1>\n<br><p id='145' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Only use high quality detergent oil rated with API service<br>classification SG-SL. Select the oil\u2019s SAE viscosity grade<br>according to your expected operating temperature.</p>\n<br><table id='146' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td colspan=\"11\">SAE VISCOSITY GRADES</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10W30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>5W-30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>F -20</td><td></td><td>0</td><td>30</td><td>32</td><td>40</td><td></td><td>60</td><td>80</td><td></td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>C -30</td><td></td><td>-20</td><td>-10</td><td>0</td><td></td><td>10</td><td>20</td><td></td><td>30</td><td>40</td></tr><tr><td>TEMPERATURE RANGE ANTICIPATED BEFORE NEXT OIL CHANGE</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><caption id='147' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 15</caption>\n<br><p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Change the oil after every 50 hours of operation or at least<br>once a year if the tractor is not used for 50 hours in one year.<br>Check the crankcase oil level before starting the engine<br>and after each eight (8) hours of operation.</p>\n<br><p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL (See Fig. 15 & 16)</p>\n<br><p id='150' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Determine temperature range expected before oil change.<br>All oil must meet API service classification SG-SL..</p>\n<br><p id='151' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Be sure tractor is on level surface.<br>\u2022 Oil will drain more freely when warm.<br>\u2022 Catch oil in a suitable container.<br>\u2022 Remove oil fill cap/dipstick. Be careful not to allow dirt<br>to enter the engine when changing oil.<br>\u2022 Remove yellow cap from end of drain valve and install<br>the drain tube onto the fitting.<br>\u2022 Unlock drain valve by pushing inward and turning<br>coun ter clock wise.<br>\u2022 To open, pull out on the drain valve.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='152' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"OIL DRAIN VALVE\nCLOSED AND 2 4 6 3\n0\nLOCKED\nPOSITION\nDRAIN\nTUBE\nYELLOW\nCAP\" data-coord=\"top-left:(656,147); bottom-right:(1180,492)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='153' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 16</caption>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 After oil has drained completely, close and lock the<br>drain valve by pushing inward and turning clockwise<br>until the pin is in the locked position as shown.<br>\u2022 Remove the drain tube and replace the cap onto to the<br>bottom fitting of the drain valve.<br>\u2022 Refill engine with oil through oil fill dipstick tube. Pour<br>slowly. Do not overfill. For approximate capacity see<br>\u201cPRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS\u201d section of this man u al.<br>\u2022 Use gauge on oil fill cap/dipstick for checking level.<br>Be sure dipstick cap is tightened securely for accurate<br>reading. Keep oil at \u201cFULL\u201d line on dipstick. Tighten<br>cap onto the tube securely when finished.</p>\n<br><h1 id='155' style='font-size:18px'>ENGINE OIL FILTER</h1>\n<br><p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Replace the engine oil filter every season or every other<br>oil change if the tractor is used more than 100 hours in<br>one year.</p>\n<br><h1 id='157' style='font-size:18px'>AIR FILTER</h1>\n<br><p id='158' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Your engine will not run properly using a dirty air filter. Ser-<br>vice air cleaner more often under dusty conditions.</p>\n<br><h1 id='159' style='font-size:18px'>CLEAN AIR SCREEN</h1>\n<br><p id='160' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Air screen must be kept free of dirt and chaff to prevent<br>engine dam age from overheating. Clean with a wire brush or<br>compressed air to re move dirt and stubborn dried gum fibers.</p>\n<br><h1 id='161' style='font-size:18px'>ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM</h1>\n<br><p id='162' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>To ensure proper cooling, make sure the grass screen,<br>cooling fins, and other external surfaces of the engine are<br>kept clean at all times.</p>\n<br><p id='163' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Every 100 hours of operation (more often under extremely<br>dusty, dirty conditions), remove the blower housing and other<br>cooling shrouds. Clean the cooling fins and external surfaces<br>as necessary. Ensure the cooling shrouds are reinstalled.</p>\n<br><p id='164' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>NOTE: Operating the engine with a blocked grass screen,<br>dirty or plugged cooling fins, and/or cooling shrouds re moved<br>will cause engine damage due to overheating.</p>\n<br><h1 id='165' style='font-size:18px'>SPARK PLUGS</h1>\n<br><p id='166' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Replace spark plugs at the beginning of each mowing<br>season or after every 100 hours of operation, whichever<br>occurs first. Spark plug type and gap setting are shown in<br>\u201cPROD UCT SPECIFICATIONS\u201d section of this manual.</p>\n<br><footer id='167' style='font-size:18px'>16</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3259621, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='107' style='font-size:22px'>Maintenance</h1>\n<br><h1 id='108' style='font-size:20px'>Maintenance Schedule</h1>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Review the following maintenance schedule regularly to determine when maintenance is required.<br>Record the maintenance on the following pages whenever it is performed. Consult the other main-<br>tenance sections of this manual for proper maintenance procedures.</p>\n<table id='110' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">+ Perform at initial break in X Required service interval</td><td colspan=\"14\">Interval</td></tr><tr><td>Hours 10</td><td>Daily</td><td>Required As</td><td>Weekly</td><td>Hours 50</td><td>Hours 100</td><td>Hours 250</td><td>Hours 400</td><td>Hours 500</td><td>Annually</td><td>750 Hours</td><td>1000 Hours</td><td>2 Years X</td><td>1500 2500 Hours Hours</td></tr><tr><td>Service To Be Performed Check serpentine belt</td><td>+</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tighten lug nuts</td><td>+</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check engine oil level</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check coolant level</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check hydraulic oil level</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Clean hydraulic suction strainers</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Drain fuel filter/water separator</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate anchor cable guide rollers</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check engine air filters</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check oil level in gearbox</td><td>+ Change feed table planetary oil</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Drain moisture from air storage tank</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate cab end rotor motor</td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Remove trash/debris from chassis & engine area</td><td></td><td>X X</td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate feed table drive and idler roller bearings</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate upper and lower beater bar bearings</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil beater bar chain</td><td></td><td></td><td>X Change hydrostat filter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oil feed table drive chain</td><td></td><td></td><td>X X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Replace engine air filters X</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X X X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Clean hydraulic oil cooler</td><td></td><td></td><td>X Change gearbox oil (first 500 hours or 3 months)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate tunnel lock pin slide tubes</td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate steering tie rod</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate bag boom</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X X table wheel bearings</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate wheel column posts</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X Repack feed</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate brake pivot arms</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X Clean engine vent tube</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lubricate engine & cab end lift slide tubes</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Inspect cooling package</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check tire inflation</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Replace main hydraulic oil filter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X Change engine oil and filter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Replace case drain oil filter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><td>Replace fuel filter/water separator Check coolant PH condition (conventional coolant only)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>X X</td><td></td><td></td></table>\n<footer id='111' style='font-size:16px'>122</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1779806, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='219' style='font-size:22px'>MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<h1 id='220' style='font-size:18px'>TRANSAXLE MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<br><p id='221' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transmission fan and cooling fins should be kept clean<br>to assure proper cooling.</p>\n<br><p id='222' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Do not attempt to clean fan or transmission while engine<br>is running or while the transmission is hot. To prevent pos-<br>si ble damage to seals, do not use high pressure water or<br>steam to clean transmission.</p>\n<br><p id='223' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Inspect cooling fan to be sure fan blades are intact and<br>clean.<br>\u2022 Inspect cooling fins for dirt, grass clippings and other<br>materials. To prevent damage to seals, do not use<br>compressed air or high pressure sprayer to clean<br>cool ing fins.</p>\n<br><h1 id='224' style='font-size:18px'>TRANSAXLE PUMP FLUID</h1>\n<br><p id='225' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transaxle was sealed at the factory and fluid main te-<br>nance is not required for the life of the transaxle. Should<br>the transaxle ever leak or require servicing, contact your<br>near est au tho rized ser vice center/department.</p>\n<br><h1 id='226' style='font-size:18px'>V-BELTS</h1>\n<br><p id='227' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Check V-belts for deterioration and wear after 100 hours<br>of operation and replace if necessary. The belts are not<br>ad just able. Re place belts if they begin to slip from wear.</p>\n<br><h1 id='228' style='font-size:20px'>ENGINE</h1>\n<br><h1 id='229' style='font-size:18px'>LUBRICATION</h1>\n<br><p id='230' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Only use high quality detergent oil rated with API service<br>classification SG-SL. Select the oil\u2019s SAE viscosity grade<br>according to your expected operating temperature.</p>\n<br><table id='231' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td colspan=\"10\">SAE VISCOSITY GRADES</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10W30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"4\">5W-30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>F -20</td><td></td><td>0</td><td>30</td><td>32</td><td>40</td><td></td><td>60</td><td>80</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>C -30</td><td></td><td>-20</td><td>-10</td><td>0</td><td></td><td>10</td><td>20</td><td>30</td><td>40</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"10\">TEMPERATURE RANGE ANTICIPATED BEFORE NEXT OIL CHANGE</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='232' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Change the oil after every 50 hours of operation or at least<br>once a year if the tractor is not used for 50 hours in one year.</p>\n<br><p id='233' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Check the crankcase oil level before starting the engine<br>and after each eight (8) hours of operation.</p>\n<br><h1 id='234' style='font-size:18px'>TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL (See Fig. 28)</h1>\n<br><p id='235' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Determine temperature range expected before oil change.<br>All oil must meet API service classification SG-SL.</p>\n<br><p id='236' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Be sure tractor is on level surface.<br>\u2022 Oil will drain more freely when warm.<br>\u2022 Catch oil in a suitable container.<br>\u2022 Remove oil fill cap/dipstick. Be careful not to allow dirt<br>to enter the engine when changing oil.<br>\u2022 Remove yellow cap from end of drain valve and install<br>the drain tube onto the fitting.<br>\u2022 Unlock drain valve by pushing inward and turning<br>coun ter clock wise.<br>\u2022 To open, pull out on the drain valve.<br>\u2022 After oil has drained completely, close and lock the<br>drain valve by pushing inward and turning clockwise<br>until the pin is in the locked position as shown.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='237' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"OIL DRAIN VALVE\nCLOSED AND 2 4 6 3\n0\nLOCKED\nPOSITION\nDRAIN\nTUBE\nYELLOW\nCAP\" data-coord=\"top-left:(673,143); bottom-right:(1198,485)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='238' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 28</caption>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 813880, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='77' style='font-size:22px'>06</h1>\n<h1 id='78' style='font-size:20px'>MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<h1 id='79' style='font-size:18px'>REGULAR MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A well-designed maintenance program will add<br>years of service to the blower.</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Check a newly installed blower frequently during<br>the first month of operation, especially lubrication.<br>Check the oil level and add oil as needed.<br>Complete oil changes are recommended annually,<br>or more frequently depending on the operating<br>conditions. The following is recommended as a<br>minimum maintenance program. An oil analysis<br>program is recommended.</p>\n<br><table id='82' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>DAILY</td><td>WEEKLY</td><td>MONTHLY</td><td>SEMIANNUALLY</td><td>AS NEEDED</td></tr><tr><td>1. Check and maintain oil level, and add oil as necessary. 2. Check air filter restriction indicator.</td><td>1. Clean the air filter. A clogged air filter can seriously affect the efficiency of the blower and cause overheating and oil usage. 2. Check the relief valve to make sure it is operating properly.</td><td>1. Inspect the entire system for leaks. 2. Inspect the condition of the oil and change if necessary.</td><td>1. Inspect the drive line bearings.</td><td>1. Change oil as needed. Approximately every 1,000 hours.* *T855RS has an oil change interval of up to 4,000 hours depending on operating conditions.</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='83' style='font-size:16px'>BLOWER SERVICE & REPAIR</h1>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>M-D Pneumatics transport blowers are<br>manufactured and assembled to exacting<br>standards to ensure optimum performance and</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>longevity. M-D Pneumatics recommends that only<br>factory trained technicians perform major overhauls<br>on its transport blowers. Call us or visit our website<br>for the location of trained channel partners or to<br>schedule a repair at our factory repair center.</p>\n<footer id='86' style='font-size:14px'>Operator\u2019s Manual 2023 Rev G p/n 2023</footer>\n<br><footer id='87' style='font-size:14px'>25</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 55148, "type": "text", "content": "Download Free John Deere Gator Hpx Repair Manual File Type\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator Hpx Repair Manual File Type\n\n\n \n\nRecognizing the pretentiousness ways to get this books john deere gator hpx\nrepair manual file type is additionally useful. You have remained in right\nsite to begin getting this info. acquire the john deere gator hpx repair\nmanual file type connect that we allow here and check out the link.\n\n\nYou could purchase guide john deere gator hpx repair manual file type or get\nit as soon as feasible. You could speedily download this john deere gator hpx\nrepair manual file type after getting deal. So, gone you require the book\nswiftly, you can straight get it. It's suitably totally simple and as a result\nfats, isn't it? You have to favor to in this tone\n\n\nread.\n\n\n \n\nIf you keep a track of books by new authors and love to read them, Free eBooks\nis the perfect platform for you. From self-help or business growth to fiction\nthe site offers a wide range of eBooks from independent writers. You have a\nlong list of category to choose from that includes health, humor, fiction,\ndrama, romance, business and many more. You can also choose from the featured\neBooks, check the Top10 list, latest arrivals or latest audio books. You\nsimply need to register and activate your free account, browse through the\ncategories or search for eBooks in the search bar, select the TXT or PDF as\npreferred format and enjoy your free\n\n\nIt will help you understand, care for, and lower the repair and maintenance\ncost for your John Deere. This John Deere Gator HPX 4\u00d74 Utility Vehicle\nservice manual is the same service manual used by professional John Deere\ntechnicians. All pages are printable, so run off what you need & take it with\nyou into the garage or workshop.\n\n\n \n\nJohn Deere Gator Hpx Repair\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator HPX 4x4 Utility Vehicle Service Manual ...\n\n\n \n\nGood news is you can easily service your machine yourself using a John Deere\nmaintenance kit or service kits or by getting the specific John Deere part\nneeded to keep your John Deere mower or tractor running for a long time. These\nare the parts on your John Deere HPX 4\u00d74 Gator & Parts List that need to be\nregularly serviced.\n\n\nJOHN DEERE. Gator HPX . 4X2 / 4X4 / Gasoline / Diesel models / LIQUID COOLED\nENGINES. factory repair service manual DIGITIZED DOWNLOAD. The same book\nmanual John Deere technicians use converted to digital format. 610 pages of\nphoto and text information ( Publication TM2195 PRINT DATE 02/2006 covers\nyears 2005 -15 )\n\n\n \n\nJohn Deere HPX 4x4 Gator Maintenance Guide & Parts List\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator HPX Alternator Repair. bigknobbies Join Date: Dec 2010 Posts:\n17 Near Chicago : 2012-06-20 183966 the HPX does not have an Alternator like a\ncar attached to a drive belt standard - it has the coil. You can purchase an\nHD alternator, which I have, that has a belt and pulley that connects to the\nmain flywheel.\n\n\n \n\n2006 John Deere Gator HPX 4X2 4X4 gas / diesel service ...\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator HPX Alternator Repair - Utility Vehicles ...\n\n\n \n\nThis manual content all service, repair, maintenance, troubleshooting\nprocedures for John Deere Gator\u0099 Utility Vehicle HPX 4X2 and 4X4 Gas and\nDiesel. All major topics are covered step-by-step instruction, diagrams,\nillustration, wiring schematic, and specifications to repair and troubleshoot.\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator\u2122 Utility Vehicle HPX 4X2 and 4X4 Gas and ...\n\n\n \n\nJohn Deere Model HPX Gator Parts - Serial number location. ... John Deere\nGator/Utility Vehicles Parts; Model HPX Gator; Model HPX Gator. Serial number\nlocation. Products [82] Sort by: 1 2 3 Next Page View All. Quick View. Good\nVibrations Grass Hawk Dual-Bladed Mower Scraper - GV160 (4) ...\n\n\nJohn Deere Model HPX Gator Parts - GreenPartStore\n\n\n \n\nJohn Deere HPX 4x4 gator utility vehicle equipped with power box lift, bed\nliner, full poly windshield, hpap all purpose tires, bench seat, ops with\nnets, rear receiver and draw bar, floor mats and horn kit. CVT drive\ntransmission with high/low range selector with 4 wheel drive and rear\ndifferent...\n\n\nJOHN DEERE GATOR HPX For Sale - 23 Listings | TractorHouse ...\n\n\n \n\nThe John Deere dealer is the first line of customer parts service. Throughout\nthe world, there are dealers to serve Agricultural, Construction, Lawn and\nGrounds Care, and Off-Highway Engine customers. As a company, we are dedicated\nto keeping our dealers equipped with the necessary products and services to\nmaintain this leadership role.\n\n\nJohn Deere Parts | Parts & Services | John Deere US\n\n\n \n\nJohn Deere offers a range of technical and operator publications and training.\n... Discover how to find, view, and purchase technical and service manuals and\nparts catalogs for your John Deere equipment. Find or View Operator Manuals\nOnline ... Helpful tips on how to operate both your traditional and compact\nJohn Deere Gator Utility Vehicles ...\n\n\nNOTE: General information is given throughout the manual that may help the\noperator in the operation or service of the machine. Attachments for Your\nMachine There's a John Deere attachment or kit to make your new machine\nperform more tasks or be more versatile, whether your machine is a lawn\ntractor or compact utility tractor or a utility vehicle.\n\n\n \n\nManuals and Training | Parts & Service | John Deere US\n\n\nOMM154156_E5 - John Deere\n\n\n \n\nJohn Deere Gator Forums Since 2011 A forum community dedicated to John Deere\nGator owners and enthusiasts. Come join the discussion about troubleshooting,\nmaintenance, repairs, modifications, classifieds, and more!\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator Forums\n\n\n \n\nI grew up on a family farm driving John Deere A\u2019s, B\u2019s & G\u2019s. I remember\nquality! The HPX 815e reminds me of the John Deere from long ago. It is not\nflashy but it is dependable. We use this gator almost daily on our cattle\nfarm. It is dependable and holds to the tradition that was established years\nago.\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator RSX 850i and XUV 550 parts and accessories are a plenty here.\nFrom roofs to enclosures, windshields and winches, we got it all for your John\nDeere Gator side by side UTV. ... 2008-13 John Deere Gator HPX & XUV Electra-\nSteer. $775.00. $799.95. 2011-13 John Deere Gator XUV 550 & RSX 850i Electra-\nSteer. ... Customer Service ...\n\n\n \n\nHPX815E Utility Vehicle | Traditional Gator ... - John Deere\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator Parts and Accessories - Side By Side Sports\n\n\n \n\nRun With Us on a Gator\u2122 UTV Because you don't need just any side-by-side. You\nneed a cargo box that performs under heavy stress and extreme conditions. A\nsuspension backed by 180 years of John Deere reliability. And an engine that\nhustles, with or without a full load in the back.\n\n\nGator\u2122 Utility Vehicles | UTV Side By Sides | John Deere US\n\n\n \n\nWe know that you need reliable products that will stand up to the punishment\nof tough environments. When it comes to choosing quality parts and accessories\nfor your John Deere Gator HPX, you can rely on our expertise. We have a wide\nselection of products for your powersports needs, sourced from the industry's\nbiggest names.\n\n\nJohn Deere Gator HPX Parts & Accessories - POWERSPORTSiD.com\n\n\n \n\nThe service brake must be engaged to start when in gear or neutral. To shift\nout of park, the service brake must be pressed to release the parking\nsolenoid. An audible click will be heard and then the vehicle can shift out of\npark into the desired gear. ... on New John Deere XUV, HPX, and RSX Gator\u2122\nUtility Vehicles.\n\n\nHow can I replace drive line boot on my john deere xuv 850i gator that powers\nthe front wheel drive. Mechanic's Assistant: Sometimes things that you think\nwill be really complicated end up being easy to fix. The Heavy Equipment\nMechanic I'm going to connect you with knows all the tricks and shortcuts.\n\n\n \n\nHPX615E Utility Vehicle | Traditional Gator ... - John Deere\n\n\nHow can I replace drive line boot on my deere xuv 850i gator\u2026\n\n\n \n\nMaintenance, repair, or replacement of the emission control devices and\nsystems on this engine, which are being done at the customers expense, may be\nperformed by any non-road engine repair establishment or individual. Warranty\nrepairs must be performed by an authorized John Deere dealer. Avoid Fumes\n\n\nService Engine - John Deere\n\n\n \n\n\u00b7 Check drive chain tension (GATOR 6x4). \u00b7 Clean radiator screen (GATOR 6x4).\n\u00b7 Check air intake tube. \u00b7 Lubricate front king pins. \u00b7 Lubricate drive chains\n(GATOR 6x4). \u00b7 Lubricate axle couplers. \u00b7 Clean engine cooling fins (GATOR\n4x2). Every 100 Hours \u00b7 Change engine oil and filter (models with oil filter).\n\u00b7 Check transaxle oil level.\n\n\nCopyright code: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.\n\n\nCopyright : goldieharvey.net\n\n\n \n\nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2104544, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='136' style='font-size:22px'>MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<h1 id='137' style='font-size:18px'>V-BELTS</h1>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Check V-belts for deterioration and wear after 100 hours<br>of operation and replace if necessary. The belts are not<br>ad just able. Re place belts if they begin to slip from wear.</p>\n<br><h1 id='139' style='font-size:18px'>TRANSAXLE MAINTENANCE</h1>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transmission fan and cooling fins should be kept clean<br>to ensure proper cooling.</p>\n<br><p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Do not attempt to clean fan or transmission while engine<br>is running or while the transmission is hot. To prevent pos-<br>si ble damage to seals, do not use high pressure water or<br>steam to clean transmission.</p>\n<br><p id='142' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Inspect cooling fan to be sure fan blades are intact and<br>clean.<br>\u2022 Inspect cooling fins for dirt, grass clippings and other<br>materials. To prevent damage to seals, do not use com-<br>pressed air or high pressure sprayer to clean cool ing fins.</p>\n<br><h1 id='143' style='font-size:18px'>TRANSAXLE PUMP FLUID</h1>\n<br><p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The transaxle was sealed at the factory and fluid main te-<br>nance is not required for the life of the transaxle. Should<br>the transaxle ever leak or require servicing, contact your<br>near est au tho rized ser vice center/department.</p>\n<br><h1 id='145' style='font-size:20px'>ENGINE</h1>\n<br><h1 id='146' style='font-size:18px'>LUBRICATION</h1>\n<br><p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Only use high quality detergent oil rated with API service<br>classification SG-SL. Select the oil\u2019s SAE viscosity grade<br>according to your expected operating temperature.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='148' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"SAE VISCOSITY GRADES\nSAE 30\n5W-30\nF -20 0 30 32 40 60 80 100\nC -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40\nTEMPERATURE RANGE ANTICIPATED BEFORE NEXT OIL CHANGE\" data-coord=\"top-left:(79,831); bottom-right:(592,994)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Fig. 17</p>\n<br><p id='150' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>NOTE: Although multi-viscosity oils (5W30, 10W30 etc.)<br>improve starting in cold weather, they will result in increased<br>oil consumption when used above 32\u00b0F. Check your engine<br>oil level more frequently to avoid possible engine damage<br>from running low on oil.</p>\n<br><p id='151' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Change the oil after every 50 hours of operation or at least<br>once a year if the tractor is not used for 50 hours in one year.</p>\n<br><p id='152' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Check the crankcase oil level before starting the engine<br>and after each eight (8) hours of operation. Tighten oil fill<br>cap/dipstick securely each time you check the oil level.</p>\n<br><h1 id='153' style='font-size:18px'>TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL (See Fig. 18 & 19)</h1>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Determine temperature range expected before oil change.<br>All oil must meet API service classification SG-SL.</p>\n<br><p id='155' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Be sure tractor is on level surface.<br>\u2022 Oil will drain more freely when warm.<br>\u2022 Catch oil in a suitable container.</p>\n<br><p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>LEFT LOWER DASH COVER REMOVAL</p>\n<br><p id='157' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Raise hood.<br>\u2022 Remove fastener from left lower dash cover.</p>\n<br><p id='158' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>CAUTION: Remove lower dash cover carefully to ensure<br>cover tabs are not broken.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='159' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"LOWER\nDASH\nCOVER\nFASTENER\nSLOTS\nTABS\" data-coord=\"top-left:(653,216); bottom-right:(1184,484)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1126202, "type": "text", "content": "# MAINTENANCE\n\n\n6 STAR PATTERN BLADE (See Fig. 29)\n\n\n \n\nThe center of this blade has a 6 star pattern. The bolt at- \ntach ing this blade has Left Hand threads that loosens \nby turning ( ) clockwise and tight en by turning ( ) \ncoun ter clock wise.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Reassemble blade bolt, lock washer and flat washer \nin exact order as shown. \n\u2022 Tighten blade bolt securely (27-35 Ft. Lbs./37-47 Nm).\n\n\n \nFig. 29\n\n\n \n\n# BATTERY\n\n\n \n\nYour tractor has a battery charging system which is suf fi cient \nfor normal use. However, periodic charging of the battery \nwith an automotive charger will extend its life.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Keep battery and terminals clean. \n\u2022 Keep battery bolts tight. \n\u2022 Keep small vent holes open. \n\u2022 Recharge at 6-10 amperes for 1 hour.\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: The original equipment battery on your tractor is \nmaintenance free. Do not attempt to open or remove caps \nor covers. Adding or checking level of electrolyte is not \nnecessary.\n\n\n \n\nTO CLEAN BATTERY AND TERMINALS\n\n\n \n\nCorrosion and dirt on the battery and terminals can cause \nthe battery to \u201cleak\u201d power.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Remove terminal guard. \n\u2022 Disconnect BLACK battery cable first then RED bat tery \ncable and remove battery from tractor. \n\u2022 Rinse the battery with plain water and dry. \n\u2022 Clean terminals and battery cable ends with wire brush \nuntil bright. \n\u2022 Coat terminals with grease or petroleum jelly. \n\u2022 Reinstall battery. (See \u201cREPLACING BATTERY\" in the \nService and Adjustments section of this manual.)\n\n\n \n\n# V-BELTS\n\n\n \n\nCheck V-belts for deterioration and wear after 100 hours \nof operation and replace if necessary. The belts are not \nad just able. Re place belts if they begin to slip from wear.\n\n\n \n\n# TRANSAXLE MAINTENANCE\n\n\n \n\nThe transmission fan and cooling fins should be kept clean \nto assure proper cooling.\n\n\n \n\nDo not attempt to clean fan or transmission while engine \nis running or while the transmission is hot. To prevent pos- \nsi ble damage to seals, do not use high pressure water or \nsteam to clean transmission.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Inspect cooling fan to be sure fan blades are intact and \nclean. \n\u2022 Inspect cooling fins for dirt, grass clippings and other \nmaterials. To prevent damage to seals, do not use \ncompressed air or high pressure sprayer to clean \ncool ing fins.\n\n\n \n\n# TRANSAXLE PUMP FLUID\n\n\n \n\nThe transaxle was sealed at the factory and fluid main te- \nnance is not required for the life of the transaxle. Should \nthe transaxle ever leak or require servicing, contact your \nnear est au tho rized ser vice center/department.\n\n\n \n\n# ENGINE\n\n\n \n\n# LUBRICATION\n\n\n \n\nOnly use high quality detergent oil rated with API service \nclassification SG-SL. Select the oil\u2019s SAE viscosity grade \naccording to your expected operating temperature.\n\n\n \nFig. 30\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: Although multi-viscosity oils (5W30, 10W30 etc.) \nimprove starting in cold weather, they will result in increased \noil consumption when used above 32\u00b0F/0\u00b0C. Check your \nengine oil level more frequently to avoid possible engine \ndamage from running low on oil.\n\n\n \n\nChange the oil after every 50 hours of operation or at least \nonce a year if the tractor is not used for 50 hours in one year.\n\n\n \n\nCheck the crankcase oil level before starting the engine \nand after each eight (8) hours of operation. Tighten oil fill \ncap/dipstick securely each time you check the oil level.\n\n\n21\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1286041, "type": "text", "content": "MAINTENANCE\n\n\n# V-BELTS\n\n\n \n\nCheck V-belts for deterioration and wear after 100 hours \nof operation and replace if necessary. The belts are not \nad just able. Re place belts if they begin to slip from wear.\n\n\n \n\n# TRANSAXLE MAINTENANCE\n\n\n \n\nThe transmission fan and cooling fins should be kept clean \nto assure proper cooling.\n\n\n \n\nDo not attempt to clean fan or transmission while engine \nis running or while the transmission is hot. To prevent pos- \nsi ble damage to seals, do not use high pressure water or \nsteam to clean transmission.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Inspect cooling fan to be sure fan blades are intact and \nclean. \n\u2022 Inspect cooling fins for dirt, grass clippings and other \nmaterials. To prevent damage to seals, do not use com- \npressed air or high pressure sprayer to clean cool ing fins.\n\n\n \n\n# TRANSAXLE PUMP FLUID\n\n\n \n\nThe transaxle was sealed at the factory and fluid main te- \nnance is not required for the life of the transaxle. Should \nthe transaxle ever leak or require servicing, contact your \nnear est au tho rized ser vice center/department.\n\n\n \n\n# ENGINE\n\n\n \n\n# LUBRICATION\n\n\n \n\nOnly use high quality detergent oil rated with API service \nclassification SG-SL. Select the oil\u2019s SAE viscosity grade \naccording to your expected operating temperature.\n\n\n \n\nFIG. 16\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: Although multi-viscosity oils (5W30, 10W30 etc.) \nimprove starting in cold weather, they will result in increased \noil consumption when used above 32\u00b0F. Check your engine \noil level more frequently to avoid possible engine damage \nfrom running low on oil.\n\n\n \n\nChange the oil after every 50 hours of operation or at least \nonce a year if the tractor is not used for 50 hours in one year.\n\n\n \n\nCheck the crankcase oil level before starting the engine \nand after each eight (8) hours of operation. Tighten oil fill \ncap/dipstick securely each time you check the oil level.\n\n\n \n\n# TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL (See Figs. 16 & 17)\n\n\n \n\nDetermine temperature range expected before oil change. \nAll oil must meet API service classification SG-SL.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Be sure tractor is on level surface. \n\u2022 Oil will drain more freely when warm. \n\u2022 Catch oil in a suitable container. \n\u2022 Remove oil fill cap/dipstick. Be careful not to allow dirt \nto enter the engine when changing oil. \n\u2022 Remove yellow cap from end of drain valve and install \nthe drain tube onto the fitting.\n\n\n \nFig. 17\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Unlock drain valve by pushing inward and turning \ncoun ter clock wise. \n\u2022 To open, pull out on the drain valve. \n\u2022 After oil has drained completely, close and lock the \ndrain valve by pushing inward and turning clockwise \nuntil the pin is in the locked position as shown. \n\u2022 Remove the drain tube and replace the cap onto to the \nbottom fitting of the drain valve. \n\u2022 Refill engine with oil through oil fill dipstick tube. Pour \nslowly. Do not overfill. For approximate capacity see \n\u201cPRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS\u201d section of this man u al. \n\u2022 Use gauge on oil fill cap/dipstick for checking level. \nBe sure dipstick cap is tightened securely for accurate \nreading. Keep oil at \u201cFULL\u201d line on dipstick. Tighten \ncap onto the tube securely when finished.\n\n\n \n\n# ENGINE OIL FILTER\n\n\n \n\nReplace the engine oil filter every season or every other oil \nchange if the tractor is used more than 100 hours in one year.\n\n\n \n\n# CLEAN AIR SCREEN\n\n\n \n\nAir screen must be kept free of dirt and chaff to prevent \nengine dam age from overheating. Clean with a wire brush \nor compressed air to re move dirt and stubborn dried gum \nfibers.\n\n\n \n\n# AIR FILTER\n\n\n \n\nYour engine will not run properly using a dirty air filter. \nService air cleaner more often under dusty conditions. \nSee Engine Manual.\n\n\n16\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3238790, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2017 JOHN DEERE 825I GATOR, ALLOY WHEELS, BENCH SEAT, POWER STEERING, MANUAL DUMP BED, DELUXE CARGO BOX, SIDE NETS, AND POLY<br>ROOF Tire Type: All Terrain Atvs_gators_opts.power Steering Updated: Wed, Aug 26, 2020 2:59 PM. AKRS Equipment - Oberlin. Oberlin, Kansas<br>67749. Seller Information ...</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>JOHN DEERE GATOR XUV 825I For Sale - 331 Listings</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The John Deere dealer is the first line of customer parts service. Throughout the world, there are dealers to serve Agricultural, Construction, Lawn<br>and Grounds Care, and Off-Highway Engine customers. As a company, we are dedicated to keeping our dealers equipped with the necessary<br>products and services to maintain this leadership role.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere Parts | Parts & Services | John Deere US</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Get your Gator ready for the Season with a John Deere Service Kit. Everything you need to do a basic tune up of your engine to keep it running<br>strong! John Deere LG270 Home Maintenance Kit. Fits On: Gators: 825i; 825i S4; It Contains: John Deere Oil (2) Air Filter M113621 (1) Fuel Filter (1)<br>Oil Filter (1) Spark Plugs MIU12783 (2) LG270 is an ...</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Amazon.com : John Deere Original Equipment Maintenance Kit</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u00b7 Adjust engine valve clearance. (See your John Deere dealer for this service.) Every 200 Hours or Annually (whichever comes first) \u00b7 Change fuel<br>filter. Every 800 Hours or 24 Months (whichever comes first) \u00b7 Change transaxle oil. Every 2000 Hours or 24 Months \u00b7 Change engine coolant (if using<br>COOL-GARD CONCENTRATED coolant).</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Service Intervals - John Deere</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This item: John Deere Maintenance Kit for XUV 825i Gator Utility Vehicle, Oil, Filters, Fuel Filter, Spark\u2026 $79.69 In Stock. Ships from and sold by<br>SNPartners.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Amazon.com : John Deere Maintenance Kit for XUV 825i Gator</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere has posed the challenge of the Carolina Adventure World in Winnsboro, SC, by bringing their 2011 Product media presentation There to<br>test the boundaries of all their new side-X pages. One of my favorite models at this event was the 825i 4\u00d74. The representatives said it was the<br>fastest, most powerful gator yet.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere Gator XUV 825i Specs | Tractors Review</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>JOHN DEERE. Gator 825i XUV. 4X4 / Gasoline Fuel Injected. factory repair service manual DIGITIZED DOWNLOAD. The same book manual John Deere<br>technicians use converted to digital format. 430 pages of photo and text information ( Publication TM107119 PRINT DATE 07/2010 covers years<br>2011-17 )</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2016 John Deere Gator 825i XUV gas service repair manual</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The item \u201cJohn Deere XUV 825i Gator Technical Service Repair Shop Manual TM107119\u2033 is in sale since Thursday, March 5, 2020. This item is in the<br>category \u201cBusiness & Industrial\\Heavy Equipment, Parts & Attachments\\Heavy Equipment Parts & Accessories\\Heavy Equipment Manuals & Books\u201d.<br>The seller is \u201ctacamo101\u2033 and is located in WC, CA.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere XUV 825i Gator Technical Service Repair Shop</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>...</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere XUV 825i Parts. The John Deere XUV 825i Gator was produced with standard features including three cylinder fuel injected 50 HP Chery<br>engine, independent suspension, rack and pinion steering, and 1500 lb towing capacity. Regular Maintenance should be performed on the XUV 825i<br>Gator every 50 hours and should include Spark Plug, Air Filter, and Oil Filter.</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere XUV 825i Gator Parts - Mutton Power Equipment</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>John Deere presented his 2011 lineup last June, and I was fortunate to travel to Carolina Adventure World to test the new Gators. The top of the list<br>of improvements to the Gator line was the new XUV 825i. XUV is the abbreviation of Crossover Utility Vehicle and it is John Deere\u2019s intention to move<br>the Gator from pure work / utility to more or a UTV utility / sport.</p>\n<footer id='43' style='font-size:14px'>Page 1/2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A repair shop is planning a one-year maintenance schedule for a fleet of John Deere Gator HPX models, ensuring that every unit receives an oil change every 100 hours of operation. Assuming the Gators operate 2 hours daily, calculate the total number of oil changes required across a fleet of 10 Gators. Then, determine if the service manual would need to be reprinted due to wear after each Gator has accessed it for 50 oil changes. If the manual consists of 610 pages, estimate the total number of pages printed for the reprints over the year.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 804, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1824609, "type": "text", "content": "Strategy\n\n\n# Key actions\n\n\n \n\n8.1. Identify and co-operate with appropriate partners on res- \ntoration programmes and relevant research and informa- \ntion exchange (see \u00a72.3-2.3). \n8.2. Promote the use of native plant species of known local \nprovenance in landscaping, revegetation, roadside plan- \nting, erosion control, watercourse management, mana- \ngement of ecologically sensitive areas and development \nassistance programmes, unless these are unavailable, \nunsuited to the programme purpose and/or risk analysis \nindicates that alien species are unlikely to have adverse \nimpacts (see Box 25). \n8.3. Explore opportunities to reintroduce native species fol- \nlowing eradication programmes, subject to consultation \nwith neighbouring states and the Bern Convention Secre- \ntariat (see Box 26).\n\n\nBOX 25\n\n\n \n\nEXAMPLES OF APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO SUPPORT BIODIVERSITY RESTORATIONE\n\n\n \n\nTake steps to increase the supply of native species of known local provenance\nto \nmeet landscaping and environmental management needs (e.g. through certi\ufb01\ncation \nsystems, see 5.4.4). \nDesign agri-environment measures to support restoration of native biodiversity\nda- \nmaged by invasions. \nSupport the use of native species in the establishment of forest plantations\nand the \nrestoration of degraded ecosystems, in accordance with the Principles of third\nparty \nindependent certi\ufb01 cation systems. \nPromote natural restoration of degraded areas after removal of IAS and\nfacilitate \nnatural ecosystem restoration.\n\n\nBOX 26\n\n\n \n\nRE-INTRODUCTION OF NATIVE SPECIES FOLLOWING ERADICATION PROGRAMMES\n\n\n \n\nThis can be a suitable management option but should only be carried out in\naccor- \ndance with best practice guidelines (e.g. IUCN/SSC Guidelines for Re-\nintroductions).\n\n\n \n\nParticular care should be taken to avoid introducing a different subspecies or\nnon- \nlocal population of the native species concerned (e.g. a non-native plant\ngenotype), \ndue to the risk of genetic contamination.\n\n\n \n63\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 121289, "type": "text", "content": "WORKSHOP\n\n\n \n\nSajani Shrestha\n\n\nA central level national workshop was organized at Kathmandu to share and\nreceive feedback on the draft of\n\n\n \n\nreports. Key stakeholders were the Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation\n(MoFSC), DFRS, DoF, DNPWC, DPR, MoA,\n\n\n \n\n# CDBTU, WWF, IUCN, BCN and NTNC. \n3 . RESULT AND DISCUSSION\n\n\nIssues related to Invasive Alien Species were directly linked with impact\nchain in Nepal. Major impacts were as\n\n\n \n\nfollows:\n\n\n \nFigure1:\n\n\nImpact of \nGENDER AND INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES (IAS)\n\n\n \n\nIncrease in Invasive Alien Species\n\n\nT he major impact of Invasive Alien species on the environment & economics was\nmost significant and important \nin the gender perspective. Most of the women are involved in livestock and\nagriculture farming. Increase in Invasive \nAlien Species impacts has been found in these sectors which are relevant in\nthe Nepalese context. IAS results in \ndecreased water levels which compels women to walk long distances for water\ncollection. Household chores such as \nnurturing children, farming livestock have always belonged to women. Smaller\nchildren become more vulnerable to\n\n\n \n\ndangerous alien species. So, women have to be careful in each of these\nsectors. They have travel further to collect \nfodder for livestock and water which may cause uterus prolepses in pregnant\nwomen (Gurung & Bisht, 2014).\n\n\n \n\nMost of the community forests are being handled by women. Reduced forest\nproductivity due to invasive alien\n\n\n \n\nspecies et al., 2008). Forest User Groups (FUGs) are formed to regulate\n\n\n \nhas become extra burden women (Acharya\n\n\nInternational Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 81\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 121292, "type": "text", "content": "# REFERENCES\n\n\n \n\nImpact of Invasive Alien Species and Gender\n\n\n \n\nSpecies of Nepal. IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Nepal. Viii+, 2005, 116. \nW ebsite:\n\n\n \n\nwww.adrc.asia/countryreport/NPL/2011/FY2011B_NPL_CR.pdf, Dangle, R. (2011).\nDisaster Risk\n\n\n \n\nManagement: Policies and Practices in Nepal.\n\n\nInternational Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 84\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 121288, "type": "text", "content": "Impact of Invasive Alien Species and Gender \nthreats to different ecosystems of Nepal. The interruption on agriculture,\nforestry, fisheries and natural systems\n\n\n \n\nimpacts the livelihood of the people of Nepal. It could intensify poverty and\nthreaten development. It is one of the \nserious threats to different ecosystems of Nepal (Siwakoti et. al. 2016). \nMikania weed has proliferated rapidly in forest trees, grassland and wetland\nareas of the Koshi Tappu Wildlife \nReserve (Siwakoti, 2007), its single mother plant can release as many as\n40,000 viable seeds in moist areas (Tiwari\n\n\n \n\net al., 2005). Mikania has reduced availability of food for Rhinoceros\nunicornis in Chitwan National Park (Subedi, \n2013). Data on economic losses in monetary value from IAS in Nepal is not\navailable. \nRecently, researches have evidence that some species of butterflies; mollusks;\nmigratory birds and plants have \nbeen expanding their range outside their territories. Phenology of some plants\nis also altered. All these phenomenal \nchanges will continue to happen and may impose challenges to prevent and\neradicate IAS. IAS is already problematic \nin areas that have been disturbed (anthropogenic) such as forest clearing,\ngrazing and infrastructure development,\n\n\n \n\nfloods, landslides, etc. However, there is no concrete evidence yet in Nepal\non how climate change and disaster can\n\n\n \n\n# alter species.\n\n\n \n\nsubstratum favorable for invading \n2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS\n\n\nT\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 \nhe objectives of the research are as follows: \n\u2022 \nTo assess the status of IAS in Nepal. \n\u2022 To identify impacts and vulnerabilities of Invasive Alien Species in\necosystems of biodiversity and\n\n\n \n\nlivelihoods.\n\n\n \n\nTo develop a comprehensive national strategy and plan of action to control and\nmanage IAS in Nepal. \nT he study was done based on reviews of published and unpublished journals,\nreports, consultative meeting, \nworkshops, IAS experts meeting, field stakeholder, field observation and\nassessment of Regions and Central level. \nPrimary and secondary data were collected for the study. Direct observation,\nfield survey Key informant interviews \n(KIIs), stakeholder consultation, regional and central level workshops were\ndone. Issues were linked to \u2018Impact\n\n\n \n\nChain\u2019 and major impact on environment & economics and adaptive measures from\npublished and unpublished\n\n\n \n\n# documents and reports. \nLITERATURE REVIEW\n\n\nD esktop review of relevant policies, strategies, action plans, literature and\nother available information together\n\n\n \n\nwith lessons from different countries on IAS plan preparation and\nimplementation was done. Published and\n\n\n \n\nunpublished literature, \nCONSULTATION\n\n\n \n\nreports and documents were studied.\n\n\nExtensive consultations were done with Department of Forest Research and\nSurvey (DFRS), Department of\n\n\n \n\nForest (DoF), Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC),\nMinistry of Agriculture (MoA),\n\n\n \n\nCentral Department of Botany TU, WWF Hariyo \nKEY INFORMANT INFORMATION (KII)\n\n\n \n\nBan Program, ICIMOD, IUCN and NTNC.\n\n\nKey Informant Information (KII) and regional meetings were conducted with\nForest Office (DFO), national park \nauthorities, Soil Conservation Office (SCO), Livestock Service Office (LSO),\nWomen Development Office (WDO) and\n\n\n \n\nlocal communities. The discussions were also focused on opportunities and\nconstraints of invasive species and its\n\n\n \n\n# adaptation and mitigation measures.\n\n\nInternational Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 80\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 121291, "type": "text", "content": "Sajani Shrestha\n\n\n \n\nTherefore,\n\n\n \n\n# control\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 it is necessary to prevent it by increasing awareness about the importance\nof \u2018Prevention Approach\u2019 to \nthe introduction of IAS. Following recommendations are necessary to prevent\nIAS. \n\u2022 \n\u2022 Coordinating the activities of government agencies relevant to Invasive\nAlien Species. \n\u2022 Encouraging multi-disciplinary approaches that contribute to addressing\nInvasive Species problems. \nApplying experiences to combating IAS in natural systems. \n\u2022 Involving environmental and developmental non-governmental organizations as\nmeans to address IAS \nissues. \n\u2022 Identifying priority IAS and high-risk habitats for mitigation and control\nmeasures with eradication \nprograms. \n\u2022 Provide support for the individuals & HHs for product development as\nresource IAS for briquette, biogas, \n\u2022 and fertilizers. \nPrioritize research about the uses of IAS for energy and fertilize as\ncollaborative research projects. \n\u2022 Emphasize socio-ecological research about the most problematic IAS with\njoint collaboration with \n\u2022 research centers. \n\u2022 Provide access to information about IAS for sectors and interest groups. \nPrepare action plans to minimize the risks for specific pathways for high-risk\nIAS.\n\n\n \n\nPrepare mitigation, eradication and control plans using biological or chemical\nor mechanical methods\n\n\n \n\npriority base of IAS.\n\n\n \n\n# based on \n5\\. CONCLUSION\n\n\nProper management of IAS is contributing to the socio-economic well-being in\nNepal. They provide both benefits \nand costs efficient in different agriculture and livestock. Some species have\npositive impacts on local livelihood by\n\n\n \n\nforage and fodder plants. They are highly economic impacts on livelihoods and\nvery dependent on the social- \necological contexts. \nSome species have negative impacts. These negative implications can reduce\nresilience and adaptive capacity of \nhouseholds and communities to reduce their vulnerability to change. This\ndecreases the flow of eco-tourism which\n\n\n \n\ndirectly or indirectly harm women because most of the women are involved in\nsmall tourism business in their \neconomic activities. Similarly, women are actively involved in agriculture and\nlivestock for their livelihood too. \nBased on case studies, it highlights the efforts for managing Invasive Alien\nSpecies in order to safeguard \nlivelihood benefits and mitigate negative impacts. In conclusion, it\nhighlights future research and policy needs on the \ntopic of Invasive Alien Species, livelihoods and human well-being.\nUnderstanding the effects of costs and benefits of\n\n\n \n\nInvasive Alien Species on livelihoods and human well-being is important for\nguiding policy formulation and\n\n\n \n\n# management. \nSOURCES OF FUNDING\n\n\nT his research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the\npublic, commercial, or not-for-profit\n\n\n \n\n# sectors. \nC ONFLICT OF INTEREST\n\n\n# T he author have \nA CKNOWLEDGMENT\n\n\n \n\ndeclared that no competing interests exist.\n\n\nI acknowledge Conservation Development Foundation (CODEFUND) for selecting me\nas expert Socio-Economist\n\n\n \n\nin \"Preparation of Alien Invasive Species Management Strategy for Nepal\u201d\nsponsored by National Trust for Nature\n\n\n \n\nConservation (NTNC). I also acknowledge all anonyms who helped in this\nproject.\n\n\nInternational Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 83\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 233723, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='44' style='font-size:16px'>Strategy for<br>New India @ 75</h1>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Agricultural Extension Management\u2019s (MANAGE)<br>dealer training programme should be replicated<br>in SAUs, with diploma holders granted licences to<br>conduct extension activities.</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sustainable water use in agriculture: About 83<br>per cent of water is used in agriculture. The<br>solution to resolving India\u2019s imminent water crisis<br>lies in conserving water in agriculture. Therefore,<br>more efficient irrigation technologies, water<br>harvesting and better crop selection must be<br>encouraged.</p>\n<h1 id='47' style='font-size:16px'>Diversification: promotion of high value<br>crops (HVCs) and livestock</h1>\n<br><h1 id='48' style='font-size:14px'>High value crops</h1>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Encourage diversification to HVCs: Design an<br>incentive mechanism to wean farmers away from<br>cereal crops to HVCs. The area under fruits and<br>vegetables needs to increase by 5 per cent every<br>year.5</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>U cluster-<br>Establish regional production belts: As in the<br>L for HVCs<br>based approach, regional production belts<br>P of Horticulture<br>need to be identified and supported through the<br>Mission on Integrated Development<br>(MIDH). Make SHCs mandatory in these belts.</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Use of hybrid technology in vegetables: Shift to<br>using hybrid varieties for vegetables. At present,<br>10 per cent of the cropped area under vegetables is<br>under hybrids. Shifting to hybrids has the potential<br>to increase yields by 1.5 to 3 times and provide a<br>significant increase in income.6</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Rootstocks for production of fruits: Rootstock<br>technology has shown the capacity to double<br>production and be resilient to climate stress.<br>Measures should be taken to standardize and<br>promote usage of rootstocks to produce fruits.</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Smart horticulture: There have been pockets of<br>success spread throughout the country, using<br>techniques such as high-density plantation,<br>protected cultivation and organic production. These<br>methods need to be documented and replicated at<br>the national level. It is recommended that a mission<br>on smart horticulture may be setup to identify<br>and promote new technologies. This mission must<br>work in synergy with various agricultural research<br>institutions in the country.</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Strengthen market for organic products: Targeted<br>efforts to create a market S niche products is<br>for<br>recommended. Spices unique to a state can be<br>branded by IA Board to encourage the<br>the Spice<br>production of organic spices.</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>S agricultural waste: Recycling and utilizing<br>Convert<br>U farmers\u2019 income.<br>agricultural waste would give a further filip to</p>\n<p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Livestock and fisheries</p>\n<br><h1 id='57' style='font-size:22px'>T</h1>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Breed indigenous cattle with exotic breeds:<br>Breeding of indigenous cattle with exotic breeds<br>needs to be encouraged to arrest the issue of<br>inbreeding. This will enable greater gene coverage,<br>reduced diseases and greater resilience to climate<br>change.7</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Promote and develop bull mother farms:<br>Employing multiple ovulation and embryo transfer<br>technologies, these farms can significantly enhance<br>milk productivity through the supply of cattle with<br>enhanced milk potential to farmers.</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>V illage level procurement systems: Installing of bulk<br>milk chillers and facilities for high value conversion<br>of milk are needed to promote dairy in states. The<br>private sector should be incentivized to create a<br>value chain for HVCs and dairy products at the<br>village level.</p>\n<footer id='61' style='font-size:14px'>28<br>Join Telegram Group<br>https://t.me/studymaterialofexam</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1824703, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='38' style='font-size:22px'>Strategy</header>\n<h1 id='39' style='font-size:18px'>Key actions</h1>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>8.1. Identify and co-operate with appropriate partners on res-<br>toration programmes and relevant research and informa-<br>tion exchange (see \u00a72.3-2.3).<br>8.2. Promote the use of native plant species of known local<br>provenance in landscaping, revegetation, roadside plan-<br>ting, erosion control, watercourse management, mana-<br>gement of ecologically sensitive areas and development<br>assistance programmes, unless these are unavailable,<br>unsuited to the programme purpose and/or risk analysis<br>indicates that alien species are unlikely to have adverse<br>impacts (see Box 25).<br>8.3. Explore opportunities to reintroduce native species fol-<br>lowing eradication programmes, subject to consultation<br>with neighbouring states and the Bern Convention Secre-<br>tariat (see Box 26).</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BOX 25</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>EXAMPLES OF APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO SUPPORT BIODIVERSITY RESTORATIONE</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Take steps to increase the supply of native species of known local provenance to<br>meet landscaping and environmental management needs (e.g. through certi\ufb01 cation<br>systems, see 5.4.4).<br>Design agri-environment measures to support restoration of native biodiversity da-<br>maged by invasions.<br>Support the use of native species in the establishment of forest plantations and the<br>restoration of degraded ecosystems, in accordance with the Principles of third party<br>independent certi\ufb01 cation systems.<br>Promote natural restoration of degraded areas after removal of IAS and facilitate<br>natural ecosystem restoration.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BOX 26</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RE-INTRODUCTION OF NATIVE SPECIES FOLLOWING ERADICATION PROGRAMMES</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This can be a suitable management option but should only be carried out in accor-<br>dance with best practice guidelines (e.g. IUCN/SSC Guidelines for Re-introductions).</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Particular care should be taken to avoid introducing a different subspecies or non-<br>local population of the native species concerned (e.g. a non-native plant genotype),<br>due to the risk of genetic contamination.</p>\n<br><footer id='48' style='font-size:20px'>63</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3417159, "type": "text", "content": "International Journal of Information, Business and Management, Vol. 10, No.4,\n2018\n\n\nByerlee, D., De Janvry, A., & Sadoulet, E., (2009). Agriculture for\ndevelopment: Toward a new paradigm. Annu. Rev. Resour. \nEcon., 1(1): 15-31.\n\n\nC entral Organization for Statistics and Information Technology, Iraq CBI.\nwww.cbi.iq.\n\n\nChen, C. F., & Chiou-Wei, S. Z., (2009). Tourism expansion, tourism\nuncertainty and economic growth: New evidence from \nTaiwan and Korea. Tourism Management, 30(6): 812-818.\n\n\nDe Janvry, A., & Sadoulet, E., (2009). Agricultural growth and poverty\nreduction: Additional evidence. The World Bank \nResearch Observer, lkp015.\n\n\nDelgado, Ch. L., (1995). \"Africa's Changing Agricultural Development\nStrategies: Past and Present Paradigms as a Guide to \nthe Future\". Food, Agriculture and the Environment Discussion Paper\n3.International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020 \nVision. pp 1-23. Difiglio, C., (2014). \"Oil, economic growth and strategic\npetroleum stocks\", Energy Strategy Reviews, 5: \n48-58.\n\n\nEklund, J.E., (2013). Theories of Investment: A Theoretical Review with\nEmpirical Applications, working paper from Swedish \nEntrepreneurship Forum: 1-20.\n\n\nFayyad, A. and Daly, D., (2011).\"The impact of oil price shocks on stock\nmarket returns: Comparing GCC countries with the \nUK and USA\", Emerging Markets Review, 12: 61\u201378.\n\n\nGodfray, H., Beddington, J.R., Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., Lawrence., Muir.,\nPretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S., Toulmin, C., \n(2010). Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science\nExpress, Vol. 327. Available [Online] from: \nwww.sciencemag.org.\n\n\nGollin, D., Parente, S.L., Rogerson, R., (2002). \"The role of agriculture in\ndevelopment\", American Economic Review, 92(2): \n160-164.\n\n\nHamilton, J.D., (2003). \"What is an oil shock?\" Econometrics, 113: 363-398.\n\n\nHutcheson, G. D., (2011). Ordinary Least-Squares Regression. In L. Moutinho\nand G. D. Hutcheson , The SAGE Dictionary of \nQuantitative Management Research: 224-228.\n\n\nIshikawa, N., & Fukushige, M., (2007). \"Impacts of tourism and fiscal\nexpenditure to remote islands: the case of the Amami \nislands in Japan\", Applied Economics Letters, 14(9): 661-666.\n\n\nJim\u00e9nez-Rodr\u00edguez, R., & S\u00e1nchez, M., (2005). \"Oil price shocks and real GDP\ngrowth: empirical evidence for some OECD\n\n\n212\n\n\n \nISSN 2076-9202\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2151008, "type": "text", "content": "Ecology and Society 26(2): 11 \nhttps://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol26/iss2/art11/\n\n\necosystem services) or, even if the damage is reversible, require \nsubstantial resource inputs for a successful recovery. Therefore, \nthe success or failure of invasion management when conserving \nbiodiversity depends on the ability to prevent control factors that \ncause the damage rather than reacting to the damage after it \noccurs. Second, the risk of invasion is related. Because the number \nof effective measures available at the local level is limited, \nespecially those for preventing invasion, eliminating the risk is \nimpossible. To minimize such risk effectively, measures should be \nimplemented in the multilayered, prioritized manner \nrecommended by this strategy.\n\n\n \n\nNevertheless, the elements of invasion management have been \nproposed by invasion ecologists (and some practitioners). By \ncontrast, social or institutional conditions that make invasion \nmanagement possible remain unclarified; thus, we attempt to \nclarify them.\n\n\n \n\n# Adaptive governance\n\n\n \n\nIn recent years, there has been growing metaresearch on adaptive \ngovernance, another analytical concept of this paper, and the \nessence has been well summarized (Plummer et al. 2013, Chaffin \net al. 2014, Karpouzoglou et al. 2016, Steelman 2016, Cleaver and \nWhaley 2018, Sharma-Wallace et al. 2018). We discuss the \nfollowing issues, in line with our research objective.\n\n\n \n\nFirst, adaptive governance assumes a flexible learning-by-doing \ngoverning process in social-ecological complexity and \nuncertainty, as the word \u201cadaptive\u201d indicates. Adaptive \ngovernance is rooted in the idea of adaptive management (Holling \n1978, Walters 1986), which emphasizes integrating ecosystem \ndynamics with management structures, fostering experimentation \nin policy design, and anticipating surprise as a tool for learning \n(Karpouzoglou et al. 2016). Subsequently, the term \u201cadaptive \ngovernance\u201d emerged to expand the focus from the management \nof ecosystems to addressing the complexity of \u201cbroader social \ncontexts\u201d within which people make decisions and share power \n(Karpouzoglou et al. 2016).\n\n\n \n\nSecond, although scientific knowledge occupies a crucial position \nin adaptive governance, it has sometimes been presented as the \nantithesis of scientific management (Brunner and Steelman 2005, \nBrunner and Lynch 2010): scientific management works only if \nscientific reductionism is prevailing, problems in management are \nmainly technical, or the decision-making structure is not \ncomplicated. In summary, a difference between adaptive \ngovernance and scientific management is how scientific \nknowledge is collected and who uses it.\n\n\n \n\nThird, the meaning of the word \u201cgovernance\u201d in adaptive \ngovernance must be defined. The concept of governance has been \ninvestigated in various fields of social science since the 1980s and \n1990s, with a growing notion that governing structures and \nprocesses gradually change worldwide (e.g., Bevir 2009, Ansell \nand Torfing 2016). Until those two decades, the most traditional \nand dominant means of steering society when attempting to \nachieve common goals was state-centric authoritative governing \nwith formal, hierarchical, and bureaucratic command-and- \ncontrol governmental systems (\u201cgoverning by government\u201d). \nSimultaneously, another style of governing, now described as \ngovernance, gradually emerged. This style is related to socio- \npolitical situations in which there is a greater interdependence\n\n\n \n\nbetween government and society, a plural and polycentric \ngoverning structure, and a networking interactive process between \nthe government and private and civil society actors and between \nthe local, national, and global levels (\u201cgoverning by governance\u201d).\n\n\nTherefore, governance generally relates to actors\u2019 relationships \n(horizontal axis) and/or spatial relationships (vertical axis). \nNotably, adaptive governance also focuses on the time axis. The \nexistence of the aforementioned three stages of invasion \nmanagement may suggest the necessity for an adaptive \ngovernance approach that has a time axis perspective.\n\n\n \n\nFourth, the type of horizontal relationship between various \nstakeholders necessary for adaptive governance at the local level \nhas not been well identified. Thus, there are challenges in the \noperationalization of adaptive governance caused by a lack of \nunderstanding of the mechanisms, preparation, and frameworks \nnecessary for the transition to adaptive governance in practice, as \nwell as by limited knowledge of the barriers within institutions \nand regulatory frameworks to successfully plan and implement \nadaptive governance frameworks (Sharma-Wallace et al. 2018).\n\n\n \n\nFifth, the theme of \u201cgovernment in adaptive governance\u201d should \nalso be explored regarding the operationalization of adaptive \ngovernance, which has been understudied in adaptive governance \nresearch. Discussions concerning \u201cgovernment and governance\u201d \ncan be referred to here and have been presented in social scientific \ngovernance studies (e.g., Rhodes 1996, Peters and Pierre 1998, \nJordan et al. 2005). In the early era of governance studies, there \nwas an increasing, prevailing recognition of a governing system \nby using a \u201cfrom government to governance\u201d analogy in \ndescriptive and/or normative claims (and some advocated \n\u201cgovernance without government\u201d at the extreme), which implied \nthe existence of a rigid government\u2013governance dichotomy. \nRegarding our research object, however, the role and function of \ngovernment in governance should be further clarified because \ngovernments are responsible for IAS management in many \ncountries and situations.\n\n\n \n\nCASE STUDY: INVASIVE ALIEN AQUATIC PLANT \nMANAGEMENT IN LAKE BIWA\n\n\n \n\nJapan\u2019s invasive species policy framework\n\n\n \n\nBefore discussing IAS management practice in Lake Biwa, we \nprovide a brief overview of Japan\u2019s invasive species policy \nframework. The most fundamental policy is the Invasive Alien \nSpecies Act, enacted in 2004: its purpose is to \u201censure biological \ndiversity,\u201d \u201cprotect human life and body,\u201d and provide \u201csound \ndevelopment of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries,\u201d to designate, \nregulate, and control \u201cSpecified Invasive Alien Species.\u201d In \naddition, the National Biodiversity Strategy of Japan includes \ninvasion management as one of its national targets. Based on \nthese policies, two frameworks, \u201cThe Basic Policy for Preventing \nDamage to Specified IAS\u201d and \u201cThe Action Plan for Preventing \nDamage to Alien Species,\u201d have been created; the latter framework \nrequires the following from local governments:\n\n\n \n\n.\n\n\n \n\nformulate regional biodiversity strategies for conserving \nlocal biodiversity and the sustainable use of its components. \nBased on these strategies, comprehensive measures against \nIAS should be promoted by local governments; for example, \nenacting ordinances or recording the types of IAS by \nclarifying priority control targets in the region;\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 121290, "type": "text", "content": "Impact of Invasive Alien Species and Gender \nover-extraction, which stops forest degradation, and so the alternative\nscenario is likely to cause degradation of the \nforest and reduce resource heavily (Dev and et.al 2003). There is also a\ncritical time-based element in this analysis.\n\n\n \n\nFurthermore, FUGs have their own pace of institutional development and it may\ntake many years before they are \nsufficiently cohesive to manage the forest effectively. \nAlien species affect socio-economic factors by adversely impacting ecosystem\nservices like regulating services, \nprovisioning services, and cultural services, which directly or indirectly\naffect the local economics by changing \nmarket prices and ecosystem services (Tiwari and et.al 2005). The impact of\nalien species in anthropogenic \nlandscape mainly includes the economic losses due to decline in agriculture\nproduction, increase labor to remove\n\n\n \n\nthe weeds, suppression of useful species, and health hazards to human and\nlivestock (Rai, 2012). It simply results in \nadditional workload among women in Nepal. \nAlien Species are also considered an important source for human health hazard.\nA number of health-related \nproblems have been identified due to Alien Species. Alien species rapidly grow\nin human-disturbed areas than other \nlands affecting the day-to-day activities of human beings. People have to walk\nlonger routes to grazing their livestock, \ncollect water, collect herbals plants and fodder which in turn consumes more\ntime and money. Alien species decrease \nthe beauty of natural resources. This decreases the flow of eco-tourism which\ndirectly or indirectly harms the\n\n\n \n\neconomy. All impacts affect both male and female members of society but its\nimpact on women are far greater. \nWomen are victims of alien species. \nThese problems have been outlined based on review works, consultative reports,\nfield observation, and\n\n\n \n\nassessment and consultative meeting with experts. The major socio-economic and\nenvironmental problems were\n\n\n \n\n# mentioned as follows: problem of Invasive Alien species \nS ocio-economic\n\n\n \n\n1) Reduce household economy \n2) Reduce agriculture production \n3) Decrease livelihood assets \n4) Increase the time for resource collection \n5) Quality of resource decrease \n6) Decrease local product sales \n7) Decrease the production of renewable resources \n8) Deplete land quality \n9) Increase erosion along stream and banks & roadsides\n\n\n \n\n10) Decrease the number of tourists\n\n\n \n\n11) Decrease tourism revenue and Invasive Alien Species \nincome \nEnvironment and Economic loss of\n\n\n \n\n1) Destroy natural ecosystem function \n2) Depletion of native flora and fauna \n3) Change natural ecological processes \n4) Compete with and replace rare and endangered species \n5) Change characteristics of soil structure and chemistry \n6) Decrease plant resources \n7) Loss of food source of wildlife \n8) Competition for food and space \n9) Decrease agricultural productivity\n\n\n \n\n# 10) Reduce biodiversity\n\n\n \n\n# 11) Prevent establishment \n4 . RECOMMENDATION\n\n\n \n\nof native flora\n\n\nThe number of IAS reported in Nepal stands at 219 species. Once IAS is well\naccommodated, it is extremely\n\n\n \n\ndifficult to eradicate them or prevent their expansion. However, early\nintervention may cost less and result better.\n\n\nInternational Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 82\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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If effective IAS management strategies over five years lead to increased biodiversity and tourism returns to 150% pre-IAS levels, how should local agricultural markets adapt given the expected increase in tourist demand and resource availability?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 809, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3608987, "type": "text", "content": "# S ection 10: Stability and Reactivity\n\n\n \n\n10.1 Reactivity: Not Reactive \n10.2 Chemical Stability: Stable \n10.3 Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: None Known \n10.4 Conditions to Avoid: None Known \n10.5 Incompatible Materials: Strong Oxidizers \n10.6 Hazardous Decomposition Products: None known \n10.7 Hazardous Polymerization: Will Not Occur\n\n\n# S ection 11: Toxicological Information\n\n\n \n\n11.1 Information on Toxicological Effects: Acute Toxicity \u2013 Oral \nSkin Corrosion/Irritation: May cause slight irritation\n\n\n# S ection 12: Ecological Information\n\n\n \n\n12.1 Persistence and Degradability: Potentially degradable. \n12.2 Bioaccumulative Potential: No bioaccumulation expected \n12.3 Mobility: Solubility in water : Completely miscible \n12.4 Results of PBT and vPvB Assessment: This product does not contain any PBT\nor vPvB substances. \n12.5 Other Adverse Effects: None known\n\n\n# S ection 13: Disposal Considerations\n\n\n \n\n13.1 Waste Treatments Methods: This product is not to be considered Hazardous\nWaste. Dispose of in \naccordance with Local Authority requirements.\n\n\n# S ection 14: Transport Information\n\n\n \n\n# 14.1 UN-No: Not applicable\n\n\n \n\n14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name: Class 50 \n14.3 Transport Hazard Class(es): Not applicable \n14.4 Packaging Group: Not applicable \n14.5 Environmental Hazards: Not applicable \n14.6 Special Precautions for User: None \n14.7 Transport in Bulk According to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and the IBC Code:\nNot applicable \nOther Information: Harmonized Tariff Code for US: 3804.00.1000-0\n\n\n# S ection 15: Regulatory Information\n\n\n \n\n15.1 Safety, Health and Environmental Regulations/Legislation Specific for the\nSubstance or Mixture\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3529735, "type": "text", "content": "# 14.3 Transport hazard class(es)\n\n\n \n\nADR/RID: -\n\n\n \n\n# IMDG: -\n\n\n \n\n# IATA: -\n\n\n \n\n14.4 Packaging group \nADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: - \n14.5 Environmental hazards \nADR/RID: no IMDG Marine pollutant: no IATA: no\n\n\n \n\n14.6 Special precautions for user\n\n\n# Further information\n\n\n \n\nNot classified as dangerous in the meaning of transport regulations.\n\n\nSECTION 15: Regulatory information\n\n\n \n\n15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the \nsubstance or mixture\n\n\n \n\nThis material safety data sheet complies with the requirements of Regulation\n\n\n \n\n# National legislation\n\n\n \n\n: Not applicable\n\n\n \n\nSeveso III: Directive 2012/18/EU of the \nEuropean Parliament and of the Council on the \ncontrol of major-accident hazards involving \ndangerous substances.\n\n\n# 15.2 Chemical Safety Assessment\n\n\n \n\nFor this product a chemical safety assessment was not carried out\n\n\n# SECTION 16: Other information\n\n\n \n\nFull text of H-Statements referred to under sections 2 and 3.\n\n\n \n\n# Further information\n\n\nT he above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be\nall inclusive \nand shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based\non the \npresent state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to\nappropriate \nsafety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of\nthe product. \nChemicalBull Pvt Ltd and its Affiliates shall not be held liable for any\ndamage resulting \nfrom handling or from contact with the above product. See chemicalbull.com\nand/or the \nreverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of\nsale. \nThe branding on the header and/or footer of this document may temporarily not\nvisually \nmatch the product purchased as we transition our branding. However, all of the \ninformation in the document regarding the product remains unchanged and\nmatches the \nproduct ordered.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 243952, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='150' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>invertebrates</p>\n<br><table id='151' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>T oxicity to algae</td><td>static test ErC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata - > 320 mg/l - 72 h (OECD Test Guideline 201)</td></tr><tr><td>T oxicity to bacteria</td><td>static test NOEC - activated sludge - 102.7 mg/l - 14 Days Remarks: (ECHA)</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='152' style='font-size:20px'>12.2 Persistence and degradability</h1>\n<br><h1 id='153' style='font-size:20px'>Biodegradability</h1>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>aerobic - Exposure time 28 d<br>Result: 89 % - Readily biodegradable.<br>(OECD Test Guideline 301F)</p>\n<br><p id='155' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>12.3 Bioaccumulative potential</p>\n<br><p id='156' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>12.4 Mobility in soil</p>\n<br><p id='157' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment<br>PBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/not<br>conducted</p>\n<br><p id='158' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>12.6 Other adverse effects<br>Discharge into the environment must be avoided.</p>\n<h1 id='159' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 13: Disposal considerations</h1>\n<br><h1 id='160' style='font-size:20px'>13.1 Waste treatment methods</h1>\n<br><h1 id='161' style='font-size:20px'>Product</h1>\n<br><p id='162' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a<br>licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.</p>\n<br><p id='163' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Contaminated packaging<br>Dispose of as unused product.</p>\n<h1 id='164' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 14: Transport information</h1>\n<br><h1 id='165' style='font-size:20px'>DOT (US)</h1>\n<br><h1 id='166' style='font-size:20px'>Not dangerous goods</h1>\n<p id='167' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>I MDG<br>Not dangerous goods</p>\n<p id='168' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>I ATA<br>Not dangerous goods</p>\n<p id='169' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 15: Regulatory information</p>\n<h1 id='170' style='font-size:20px'>S ARA 302 Components</h1>\n<br><p id='171' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III,<br>Section 302.</p>\n<br><h1 id='172' style='font-size:20px'>SARA 313 Components</h1>\n<p id='173' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Aldrich - W394505</p>\n<br><p id='174' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Page 8 of 9</p>\n<p id='175' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he life science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany<br>operates as MilliporeSigma in the US and Canada</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 821426, "type": "text", "content": "Pg. 4/6 \nVersion 2 \n2/3/2015 \nMeets GHS requirements\n\n\nSECTION X STABILITY AND REACTIVITY DATA\n\n\n \n\nSTABILITY:\n\n\n \n\nStable under normal conditions.\n\n\nHAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION:\n\n\n \n\nWill not occur.\n\n\nINCOMPATIBILITY: \n(CONDITIONS TO AVOID)\n\n\n \n\nStrong oxidizers, strong acids, and strong bases. Keep \naway from heat, sparks, open flame and static discharge.\n\n\nHAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION:\n\n\n \n\nCarbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides.\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: Symptoms may be delayed. Handle using good health practices.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1929711, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY\n\n\n \n\nChemical Stability \nNormally stable. \nPossibility of Hazardous Reactions \nHazardous polymerization will not occur. \nIncompatible Materials \nStrong oxidizers. \nHazardous Decomposition Products \nNot known.\n\n\n# SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION\n\n\n \n\nNo hazardous ingredients. General irritancy of product is slight. \nLikely Routes of Exposure \nEye contact; skin contact; ingestion. \nAcute Toxicity \nLD50 Oral Rat: >2000 mg/kg \nSkin Corrosion/Irritation \nRepeated or prolonged contacts may cause slight irritation. \nSerious Eye Damage/Irritation \nRepeated or prolonged contacts may cause slight irritation.\n\n\n \n\n# Carcinogenicity\n\n\n \n\n# Not carcinogenic.\n\n\n \n\nNo information was located for: STOT (Specific Target Organ Toxicity) - Single\nExposure, STOT (Specific Target Organ \nToxicity) - Repeated Exposure, Respiratory and/or Skin Sensitization,\nDevelopment of Offspring, Sexual Function and \nFertility, Effects on or via Lactation, Germ Cell Mutagenicity, Interactive\nEffects\n\n\n# SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION\n\n\n \n\nNo ecotoxicity or environmental fate data available.\n\n\n# SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS\n\n\n \n\n# Disposal Methods\n\n\n \n\nDispose of in accordance with federal, provincial and local government\nregulations.\n\n\n# SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION\n\n\n \n\nNot regulated under Canadian TDG regulations. Not regulated under US DOT\nRegulations. \nSpecial Precautions Not applicable \nTransport in Bulk According to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code \nNot applicable\n\n\nPage 3 of 04\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 243953, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='176' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>This material does not contain any chemical components with known CAS numbers that<br>exceed the threshold (De Minimis) reporting levels established by SARA Title III, Section<br>313.</p>\n<br><h1 id='177' style='font-size:20px'>SARA 311/312 Hazards</h1>\n<br><h1 id='178' style='font-size:20px'>Acute Health Hazard</h1>\n<br><p id='179' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Massachusetts Right To Know Components<br>No components are subject to the Massachusetts Right to Know Act.</p>\n<br><h1 id='180' style='font-size:20px'>Pennsylvania Right To Know Components</h1>\n<br><table id='181' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>p-Anisic acid</td><td>CAS-No. 100-09-4</td><td>Revision Date</td></tr><tr><td>New Jersey Right To Know Components</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>p-Anisic acid</td><td>CAS-No. 100-09-4</td><td>Revision Date</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='182' style='font-size:20px'>California Prop. 65 Components</h1>\n<br><p id='183' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>This product does not contain any chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer,<br>birth defects, or any other reproductive harm.</p>\n<h1 id='184' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 16: Other information</h1>\n<br><h1 id='185' style='font-size:20px'>Further information</h1>\n<br><p id='186' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Copyright 2020 Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. License granted to make unlimited paper copies<br>for internal use only.<br>The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive<br>and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the<br>present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to<br>appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of<br>the product. Sigma-Aldrich Corporation and its Affiliates shall not be held liable for any<br>damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See<br>www.sigma-aldrich.com and/or the reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional<br>terms and conditions of sale.</p>\n<p id='187' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he branding on the header and/or footer of this document may temporarily not visually<br>match the product purchased as we transition our branding. However, all of the<br>information in the document regarding the product remains unchanged and matches the<br>product ordered. For further information please contact mlsbranding@sial.com.</p>\n<br><p id='188' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>V ersion: 6.2 Revision Date: 01/13/2020 Print Date: 07/31/2021</p>\n<p id='189' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Aldrich - W394505</p>\n<p id='190' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he life science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany<br>operates as MilliporeSigma in the US and Canada</p>\n<br><footer id='191' style='font-size:14px'>Page 9 of 9</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1468403, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='57' style='font-size:20px'>SAFETY DATA SHEET</h1>\n<br><header id='58' style='font-size:16px'>SDS DATE: 3/06/2015</header>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>DRY DEFOAMER</p>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ECTION 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITY</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>S TABILITY: Stable \uf09e Unstable \uf099</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CONDITIONS TO AVOID (STABILITY): None known<br>INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIAL TO AVOID): strong acids and oxidizers.<br>HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION OR BY-PRODUCTS: Under fire conditions, oxides of carbon.<br>HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur<br>CONDITIONS TO AVOID (POLYMERIZATION): None known<br>S ECTION 10 NOTES: None</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ECTION 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION</p>\n<h1 id='64' style='font-size:14px'>T OXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION: None</h1>\n<h1 id='65' style='font-size:14px'>MIXTURE TOXICITY</h1>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Not available</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C OMPONENT TOXICITY Not available</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ECTION 11 NOTES: None</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ECTION 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION</p>\n<h1 id='70' style='font-size:14px'>E COLOGICAL INFORMATION: None</h1>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>E COTOXICITY: Not available</p>\n<h1 id='72' style='font-size:14px'>BIOACCUMULATIVE POTENTIAL: Not available</h1>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>M OBILITY IN SOIL: Not available</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O THER ADVERSE EFFECTS: Not available</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ECTION 12 NOTES:</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>None</p>\n<table id='77' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td colspan=\"2\">S ECTION 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS</td></tr><tr><td>W ASTE DISPOSAL METHOD:</td><td>Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage or disposal. Dispose of contents in container to an approved waste disposal facility in accordance with all local, regional, national and international regulations.</td></tr><tr><td>C ONTAINER DISPOSAL:</td><td>Triple rinse (or equivalent) adding rinse water to application tank. Offer container for recycling or dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by other procedures approved by local regulations.</td></tr><tr><td>RCRA HAZARD CLASS:</td><td>None</td></tr><tr><td>S ECTION 13 NOTES:</td><td>None</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">S ECTION 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION</td></tr></table>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>U .S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D OT Shipping Description: Not Regulated</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>U .S. Surface Freight Classification: ADHESIVES, ADJUVANTS, SPREADERS OR STICKERS (NMFC 4610; CLASS: 60) Consult<br>appropriate ICAO/IATA and IMDG regulations for shipment requirements in the Air and Maritime shipping modes.</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O THER AGENCIES: None</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S ECTION 14 NOTES: None</p>\n<footer id='83' style='font-size:14px'>PAGE 4 OF 5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 243951, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='129' style='font-size:20px'>Respiratory or skin sensitisation</h1>\n<br><h1 id='130' style='font-size:20px'>Germ cell mutagenicity</h1>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Ames test<br>Escherichia coli/Salmonella typhimurium<br>Result: negative<br>Micronucleus test<br>Human lymphocytes<br>Result: negative<br>In vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test<br>Chinese hamster lung cells<br>Result: negative</p>\n<br><h1 id='132' style='font-size:20px'>Carcinogenicity</h1>\n<br><table id='133' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>IARC:</td><td>No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.</td></tr><tr><td>ACGIH:</td><td>No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as a carcinogen or potential carcinogen by ACGIH.</td></tr><tr><td>NTP:</td><td>No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as a known or anticipated carcinogen by NTP.</td></tr><tr><td>OSHA:</td><td>No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is on OSHA\u2019s list of regulated carcinogens.</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='134' style='font-size:20px'>Reproductive toxicity</h1>\n<br><h1 id='135' style='font-size:20px'>No data available</h1>\n<br><h1 id='136' style='font-size:20px'>Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure</h1>\n<br><h1 id='137' style='font-size:20px'>No data available</h1>\n<br><h1 id='138' style='font-size:20px'>Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure</h1>\n<br><h1 id='139' style='font-size:20px'>Aspiration hazard</h1>\n<br><h1 id='140' style='font-size:20px'>Additional Information</h1>\n<br><p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Repeated dose toxicity - Rat - male and female - Oral - 42 Weeks - No observed adverse<br>effect level - 200 mg/kg<br>RTECS: BZ4395000</p>\n<p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T o the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not<br>been thoroughly investigated.</p>\n<br><p id='143' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>H azardous properties cannot be excluded but are unlikely when the product is handled<br>appropriately.<br>Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.</p>\n<p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 12: Ecological information</p>\n<br><p id='145' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>12.1 Toxicity</p>\n<br><table id='146' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>T oxicity to fish</td><td>semi-static test LC50 - Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) - > 100 mg/l - 96 h (OECD Test Guideline 203)</td></tr><tr><td>T oxicity to daphnia and other aquatic</td><td>static test EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 943 mg/l - 48 h (OECD Test Guideline 202)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Aldrich - W394505</p>\n<br><p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Page 7 of 9</p>\n<p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he life science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany<br>operates as MilliporeSigma in the US and Canada</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3583982, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# 10: Stability and Reactivity\n\n\n \n\n# 10.1: Reactivity\n\n\n \n\nno data available\n\n\n \n\n# 10.2: Chemical stability\n\n\n \n\nStable under recommended storage conditions.\n\n\n \n\n10.3: Possibility of hazardous reactions\n\n\n \n\nReacts with strong oxidizing agents\n\n\n \n\n# 10.4: Conditions to avoid\n\n\n \n\nexposure to water\n\n\n \n\nIn the event of fire: see section 5\n\n\n \n\n# 10.5: Incompatible materials\n\n\n \n\nSee section 7.3.\n\n\n \n\n10.6: Hazardous decomposition products\n\n\n \n\nOther decomposition products - no data available\n\n\n \n\nIn the event of fire: see section 5.2\n\n\nThursday, July 16, 2015\n\n\n \nPage 5 of 9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 243950, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='107' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>o) Partition coefficient: log Pow: 1.67<br>n-octanol/water<br>p) Auto-ignition No data available<br>temperature<br>q) Decomposition No data available<br>temperature<br>r) Viscosity No data available<br>s) Explosive properties No data available<br>t) Oxidizing properties No data available</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>9.2 Other safety information<br>No data available</p>\n<p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 10: Stability and reactivity</p>\n<br><h1 id='110' style='font-size:20px'>10.1 Reactivity</h1>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>No data available</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>10.2 Chemical stability<br>Stable under recommended storage conditions.</p>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions<br>No data available</p>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>10.4 Conditions to avoid</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>No data available</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>10.5 Incompatible materials<br>Strong oxidizing agents</p>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>10.6 Hazardous decomposition products</p>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides<br>Other decomposition products - No data available<br>In the event of fire: see section 5</p>\n<h1 id='119' style='font-size:20px'>S ECTION 11: Toxicological information</h1>\n<br><h1 id='120' style='font-size:20px'>11.1 Information on toxicological effects</h1>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Acute toxicity</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LD50 Oral - Rat - male - > 5,000 mg/kg<br>(OECD Test Guideline 401)<br>No data available</p>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Skin corrosion/irritation</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Skin - Rabbit<br>Result: No skin irritation - 24 h<br>Remarks: (ECHA)</p>\n<br><p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Serious eye damage/eye irritation<br>Eyes - Rabbit<br>Result: No eye irritation<br>Remarks: (ECHA)</p>\n<p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Aldrich - W394505</p>\n<p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he life science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany<br>operates as MilliporeSigma in the US and Canada</p>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Page 6 of 9</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Based on the fact that the chemical is stable under recommended storage conditions and not classified as a dangerous good, yet it should not be stored with strong oxidizing agents, how would you devise a transportation and handling procedure that ensures both safety and compliance with regulations?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 810, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2466153, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Event schedule:\n\n\n \n\nThursday 11th November \u2013 Opening Ceremony \nFriday 12th November \u2013 40km trail race, followed by the vertical uphill races\nin the evening \nSaturday 13th November \u2013 80km trail race \nSunday 14th November \u2013 Classic up and down mountain races for seniors and\njuniors\n\n\n( Plus, mass participation races, an outdoor sport expo and endurance running\nclinics)\n\n\n \n\nAll races will be held under World Athletics Technical Rules, with the final\ndetails of the course to be \nconfirmed in early 2021:\n\n\nFor more information, please contact Hilary Walker (IAU), Sarah Rowell (WMRA)\nand Enrico Pollini \n(ITRA) at the joint email address wmtrchampionships21@gmail.com.\n\n\n \n###\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 100814, "type": "text", "content": "# Downs League 2016/17 U11\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 100815, "type": "text", "content": "# Race 1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3183073, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='82' style='font-size:18px'>C HAPTER G8 - CALENDAR</h1>\n<p id='83' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 . Events will be promoted only by an affiliated club, or a group, approved by Cycling Ireland on payment of<br>the appropriate fee. The fee shall be as decided from time to time by the AGM.</p>\n<p id='84' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2 . Application to promote events for the next calendar year will be made, on line, from the 15th September<br>until the 31st October. Each Provincial Calendar Coordinator will review and approve, or reject, all events<br>submitted on line to be promoted in their province. Similarly, Commissions may review and approve, or<br>reject, within its discipline. The applicant for any event rejected must be advised of the rejection and<br>reasons for such. All approved events will be reviewed by the cycling Ireland calendar coordinator who<br>will be responsible for establishing and publishing the full Cycling Ireland Calendar, by province and<br>discipline, for the next calendar year by the 30th November. Events submitted after the closing date will<br>have no priority in the allocation of dates.</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>3 . Events for inclusion in the UCI Calendar must be made in accordance with the UCI regulations.</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>4 . Save as is otherwise provided in this rule all applications to promote events shall be made on the<br>Eventmaster System, on the Cycling Ireland Website.</p>\n<p id='87' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>5 . Approval for an Event not previously entered on the calendar may be granted by the Provincial<br>Secretary, but only after consultation with and approval from the Promoter, of any race scheduled for that<br>day in an adjacent province with the exception of Sundays.</p>\n<p id='88' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>6 . The inclusion of an additional Sunday event or a change to a race as listed in the calendar for a Sunday<br>must be approved by the Board of Cycling Ireland on the recommendation of the Cycling Ireland<br>Calendar Coordinator. Approval for such inclusion or change must be submitted at least 21 days in<br>advance of the date of the race to the Cycling Ireland Calendar Coordinator.</p>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>7. Omitted</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>8 . Where a race is cancelled after the publication of the final race calendar, then the promoting club may be<br>liable for a fine, not exceeding \u20ac100. The exact amount will be on the recommendation of the Cycling<br>Ireland Treasurer and will be subject to Board approval.</p>\n<p id='91' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>9 . The Road Racing season cannot start before the 1st Saturday in March.</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 0. In preparing the road racing calendar dates will be reserved in advance of seeking general race<br>applications for the following:</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 All National Road Championships;<br>\uf0b7 National Road Series Dates;<br>\uf0b7 Established race dates; the protection of such a date is only relative to the Province in which the<br>race is promoted<br>\uf0b7 All Provincial Road Race Championships, which should take place on the same weekend.</p>\n<p id='94' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 1. Non-open races may only be run on Mondays through to Thursdays. Notwithstanding non-open races<br>which are run as a series of races and known as a league may be run at any time subject to these being<br>promoted for a defined group of riders e.g. Masters, women, time trialists etc . A club promoting an open<br>race may run a non-open race on the day of their open promotion regardless of the day of the week in<br>respect of riders of 50 years old and over and women.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2493434, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:14px'>Downs League 2016/17 U13</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2473750, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='59' style='font-size:14px'>16. POINT SCORING</h1>\n<br><table id='60' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>1st</td><td>400 points</td><td>16th</td><td>120 points</td></tr><tr><td>2nd</td><td>360 points</td><td>17th</td><td>110 points</td></tr><tr><td>3rd</td><td>330 points</td><td>18th</td><td>100 points</td></tr><tr><td>4th</td><td>300 points</td><td>19th</td><td>90 points</td></tr><tr><td>5th</td><td>270 points</td><td>20th</td><td>85 points</td></tr><tr><td>6th</td><td>250 points</td><td>21st</td><td>80 points</td></tr><tr><td>7th</td><td>230 points</td><td>22nd</td><td>75 points</td></tr><tr><td>8th</td><td>210 points</td><td>23rd</td><td>70 points</td></tr><tr><td>9th</td><td>190 points</td><td>24th</td><td>65 points</td></tr><tr><td>10th</td><td>180 points</td><td>25th</td><td>60 points</td></tr><tr><td>11th</td><td>170 points</td><td>26th</td><td>55 points</td></tr><tr><td>12th</td><td>160 points</td><td>27th</td><td>50 points</td></tr><tr><td>13th</td><td>150 points</td><td>28th</td><td>45 points</td></tr><tr><td>14th</td><td>140 points</td><td>29th</td><td>40 points</td></tr><tr><td>15th</td><td>130 points</td><td>30th</td><td>35 points</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"4\">31st to 60th position decreasing by 1 point per position (from 30 downwards)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='61' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>16.1 In order for a class to qualify for Regional Championship status at each round, there must be<br>a minimum of six (6) eligible starters.<br>16.2 Full points will be awarded to eligible competitors, irrespective of the number of starters for<br>the event. These points, so allocated, will be included in the total points scored by the<br>competitors in determining the final championship positions at the end of the year.</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>However, in order for the Championship to be declared, the Championship must still meet<br>the minimum criteria in terms of number of events run with the minimum number of<br>eligible starters per event.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>16.3 Championship points are awarded as above, except that club licence holders do not score.<br>16.4 Competitors who are not eligible for the championship will be ignored for the purpose of<br>championship points and number of eligible starters. Organisers must indicate these<br>competitors on the results.</p>\n<h1 id='64' style='font-size:14px'>1 7. NUMBER OF EVENTS TO COUNT</h1>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There will be five (5) qualifying EVENTS.<br>All events to count in determining the final positions, however, should less than five (5) qualifying<br>events be held, the championship will not be declared.<br>Championship events for 2021:</p>\n<br><table id='66' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>17 April 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 1</td></tr><tr><td>29 May 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 2</td></tr><tr><td>30 May 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 3</td></tr><tr><td>24 July 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 4</td></tr><tr><td>4 September 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 5</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1198988, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>TEAM POINTS SUMMARY 2018</h1>\n<br><table id='1' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Place</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Team</td><td>SCNAX</td><td>CASOC</td><td>NO$</td><td>PSCC</td><td>GRA</td><td>TCC</td><td>M+4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL</td><td>1880.194</td><td>1847.461</td><td>1457.995</td><td>1364.121</td><td>1358.080</td><td>668.380</td><td>662.364</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14-Jan</td><td>484.228</td><td>456.239</td><td>408.386</td><td>349.010</td><td>251.835</td><td>178.515</td><td>174.477</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11-Feb</td><td>490.286</td><td>471.882</td><td>424.570</td><td>345.812</td><td>386.367</td><td>91.302</td><td>190.166</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4-Mar</td><td>472.348</td><td>460.801</td><td>389.519</td><td>360.399</td><td>397.916</td><td>231.756</td><td>140.555</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15-Apr</td><td>433.332</td><td>458.540</td><td>235.520</td><td>308.900</td><td>321.961</td><td>166.806</td><td>157.166</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6-May</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10-Jun</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9-Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22-Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19-Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24-Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21-Oct</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11-Nov</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9-Dec</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>These dates are just place holders until actual dates are set</p>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:18px'>TEAM CHALLENGE SUMMARY 2018</h1>\n<br><table id='4' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Place</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Team</td><td>SCNAX</td><td>CASOC</td><td>GRA</td><td>M+4</td><td>NO$</td><td>PSCC</td><td>TCC</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL</td><td>1985.013</td><td>1773.213</td><td>1314.890</td><td>1152.416</td><td>592.589</td><td>587.216</td><td>0.000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14-Jan</td><td>500.000</td><td>300.000</td><td>195.601</td><td>288.771</td><td>180.857</td><td>166.015</td><td>0.000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11-Feb</td><td>494.799</td><td>487.174</td><td>379.556</td><td>276.982</td><td>165.243</td><td>178.653</td><td>0.000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4-Mar</td><td>490.213</td><td>494.727</td><td>382.960</td><td>297.121</td><td>168.804</td><td>100.000</td><td>0.000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15-Apr</td><td>500.000</td><td>491.312</td><td>356.773</td><td>289.543</td><td>77.685</td><td>142.547</td><td>0.000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6-May</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10-Jun</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9-Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22-Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19-Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24-Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21-Oct</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11-Nov</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9-Dec</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>= used team from previous event<br>Bold = 1st place for that event<br>TBD = will change when I get the team</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Averages affect: CASOC for 2 events<br>(will continue to change) No$ for 2 events<br>SCNAX for 1 event<br>PSCC for 1 event<br>GRA for 1 event</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2146414, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 0 2 1 - 2 0 2 2 S E S S I O N S C H E D U L E :</p>\n<table id='141' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Sessions/Breaks</td><td>Dates</td></tr><tr><td>Session 1 (6 weeks)</td><td>Mon., Aug. 23\u2013Fri., Oct. 1, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Academic Break</td><td>Sat., Oct. 2\u2013Sun., Oct. 10, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Session 2 (6 weeks)</td><td>Tues., Oct. 12\u2013Fri., Nov. 19, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Academic Break</td><td>Sat., Nov. 20\u2013Sun., Nov. 28, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Session 3 (3 weeks)</td><td>Mon., Nov. 29\u2013Fri., Dec. 17, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Winter Holiday Break</td><td>Sat., Dec. 18, 2021\u2013Sun., Jan. 2, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Session 4 (6 weeks)</td><td>Mon., Jan. 3\u2013Fri., Feb 11, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Academic Break</td><td>Sat., Feb 12\u2013Sun., Feb. 20, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Session 5 (6 weeks)</td><td>Tues., Feb. 22\u2013Fri., Apr. 1, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Academic Break</td><td>Sat., Apr. 2\u2013Sun., April 10, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Session 6 (3 weeks)</td><td>Mon., April 11\u2013Fri., April 29, 2022</td></tr></table>\n<p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A D D / D R O P A N D W I T H D R A W D A T E S :</p>\n<table id='143' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Session</td><td>Last Day to Add</td><td>Last Day to Drop</td><td>Last Day to Withdraw</td></tr><tr><td>Session 1</td><td>Tues., Aug. 24, 2021</td><td>Fri., Aug. 27, 2021</td><td>Fri., Sept. 17, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Session 2</td><td>Weds., Oct. 13, 2021</td><td>Fri., Oct. 15, 2021</td><td>Fri., Nov. 5, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Session 3</td><td>Mon., Nov. 29, 2021</td><td>Tues., Nov. 30, 2021</td><td>Fri., Dec. 10, 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Session 4</td><td>Tues., Jan. 4, 2022</td><td>Fri., Jan. 7, 2022</td><td>Fri., Jan. 28, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Session 5</td><td>Weds., Feb. 23, 2022</td><td>Fri., Feb. 25, 2022</td><td>Fri., Mar. 18, 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Session 6</td><td>Mon., Apr. 11, 2022</td><td>Tues., Apr. 12, 2022</td><td>Fri., Apr. 22, 2022</td></tr></table>\n<p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H O L I D A Y S :</p>\n<br><p id='145' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Labor Day: Monday, Sept. 6, 2021<br>Indigenous Peoples\u2019 Day: Monday, Oct. 11, 2021<br>Fall Break: Wed., Nov. 24\u2013Sunday, Nov. 28, 2021<br>Winter Break: Sat., Dec. 18, 2021\u2013Sun., Jan. 2, 2022<br>M. L. King, Jr. Day: Monday, Jan. 17, 2022<br>President\u2019s Day: Monday, Feb. 21, 2022</p>\n<br><p id='146' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Spring Holiday: Friday, April 15, 2022<br>Oaks Day: Friday, May 6, 2022<br>Memorial Day: Monday, May 30,2022<br>Juneteenth: Monday, June 20, 2022<br>Independence Day: Monday, July 4,2022</p>\n<footer id='147' style='font-size:14px'>17</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1251291, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='59' style='font-size:14px'>16. POINT SCORING</h1>\n<br><table id='60' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>1st</td><td>400 points</td><td>16th</td><td>120 points</td></tr><tr><td>2nd</td><td>360 points</td><td>17th</td><td>110 points</td></tr><tr><td>3rd</td><td>330 points</td><td>18th</td><td>100 points</td></tr><tr><td>4th</td><td>300 points</td><td>19th</td><td>90 points</td></tr><tr><td>5th</td><td>270 points</td><td>20th</td><td>85 points</td></tr><tr><td>6th</td><td>250 points</td><td>21st</td><td>80 points</td></tr><tr><td>7th</td><td>230 points</td><td>22nd</td><td>75 points</td></tr><tr><td>8th</td><td>210 points</td><td>23rd</td><td>70 points</td></tr><tr><td>9th</td><td>190 points</td><td>24th</td><td>65 points</td></tr><tr><td>10th</td><td>180 points</td><td>25th</td><td>60 points</td></tr><tr><td>11th</td><td>170 points</td><td>26th</td><td>55 points</td></tr><tr><td>12th</td><td>160 points</td><td>27th</td><td>50 points</td></tr><tr><td>13th</td><td>150 points</td><td>28th</td><td>45 points</td></tr><tr><td>14th</td><td>140 points</td><td>29th</td><td>40 points</td></tr><tr><td>15th</td><td>130 points</td><td>30th</td><td>35 points</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"4\">31st to 60th position decreasing by 1 point per position (from 30 downwards)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='61' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>16.1 In order for a class to qualify for Regional Championship status at each round, there must be<br>a minimum of six (6) eligible starters.<br>16.2 Full points will be awarded to eligible competitors, irrespective of the number of starters for<br>the event. These points, so allocated, will be included in the total points scored by the<br>competitors in determining the final championship positions at the end of the year.</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>However, in order for the Championship to be declared, the Championship must still meet<br>the minimum criteria in terms of number of events run with the minimum number of<br>eligible starters per event.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>16.3 Championship points are awarded as above, except that club licence holders do not score.<br>16.4 Competitors who are not eligible for the championship will be ignored for the purpose of<br>championship points and number of eligible starters. Organisers must indicate these<br>competitors on the results.</p>\n<h1 id='64' style='font-size:18px'>1 7. NUMBER OF EVENTS TO COUNT</h1>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There will be five (5) qualifying EVENTS.<br>All events to count in determining the final positions, however, should less than five (5) qualifying<br>events be held, the championship will not be declared.<br>Championship events for 2021:</p>\n<br><table id='66' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>17 April 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 1</td></tr><tr><td>29 May 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 2</td></tr><tr><td>30 May 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 3</td></tr><tr><td>24 July 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 4</td></tr><tr><td>4 September 2021</td><td>-</td><td>Round 5</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3631832, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='index' style='font-size:14px'>Barnes Cross Country Race Programme 13 June 2021<br>1:00pm - Boys & Girls Under 14/16; Open 3.75km (3 laps)<br>Race # Name Surname M/F Event Club Handicap<br>6 Myrtle Rough F Open 3.75km HCYU 0:00.0<br>7 Lesley McCormack F Open 3.75km CAVH 2:00.0<br>8 Zeke Gebreisadik M U16 CAVH 2:00.0<br>9 Barbara Patrick F Open 3.75km HCYU 2:00.0<br>10 Dalise Sanderson F Open 3.75km CAVH 3:00.0<br>11 Donna Tumaru F Open 3.75km CAVH 3:45.0<br>12 Celia Lie F Open 3.75km CAVH 3:45.0<br>13 Kotomiyo Cowell F U16 ARIKi 3:45.0<br>14 Charlotte Summers F U16 ARIK 3:45.0<br>15 Lola Saunders F U16 ARIKi 3:45.0<br>16 Gail Sharp F Open 3.75km CAVH 4:30.0<br>17 Leo Young M U16 CAVH 4:30.0<br>18 Paul Anderson M Open 3.75km CAVH 4:45.0<br>37 Alex Walker M U16 HCYU 4:45.0<br>19 Ross Gatenby M Open 3.75km UNA 5:00.0<br>20 Sophie Stokes F Open 3.75km CAVH 5:30.0<br>21 Siobhan McKinlay F Open 3.75km LEIT 5:30.0<br>22 Gracie Young F Open 3.75km CAVH 5:30.0<br>24 Lachlan Crumpton M U16 HCYU 6:00.0<br>25 Gaya Gnanalingam F Open 3.75km LEIT 6:00.0<br>26 Emily-Rose Young F U16 CAVH 6:00.0<br>27 Matthews Connolly M U16 CIVL 6:00.0<br>28 Claire Anderton F Open 3.75km CAVH 6:30.0<br>29 Georgina Pakeho F Open 3.75km HCYU 6:30.0<br>30 Faith Courtney F Open 3.75km HCYU 6:30.0<br>31 Josh Siloy M U16 TAIR 6:30.0<br>32 Henry Hodgson M U16 CAVH 6:30.0<br>36 Anya Rhodes F U16 HCYU 6:30.0<br>38 Lila Rhodes F U16 HCYU 6:45.0<br>33 Jennifer Hodgson F Open 3.75km CAVH 7:00.0<br>34 Matheson Colquhoun M Open 3.75km CAVH 7:15.0<br>35 Charlie Light M Open 3.75km HCYU 7:15.0<br>23 Oliver Lodge M U16 CAVH 7:15.0<br>39 Harry Summers M Open 3.75km CAVH 8:30.0<br>40 Jethro Ware M Open 3.75km UNA 8:30.0<br>1.30pm - Race 2 Boys and Girls Under 12 (1 lap - 1.25km)<br>Race # Name Surname M/F Event Club Handicap<br>no runner 0:00.0<br>1 Pakeho Violet M U12 HCYU 0:15.0<br>2 Hodgson Penelope F U12 CAVH 0:30.0<br>3 Hodgson Julia F U12 CAVH 1:00.0<br>4 Rhodes Archie M U12 HCYU 2:10.0<br>5 Eyles Henry M U12 CAVH 2:30.0<br>1.45pm - Race 3 Boys and Girls Under 8<br>Short lap approx 500-800m, no handicaps, fun run<br>2.00pm - Race 4 Open 5km (4 laps)<br>Race # Name Surname M/F Event Club Handicap<br>No runner 0:00.0<br>41 Heng Nicholas M Open 5k CAVH 2:00.0<br>42 Shanks Neville M Open 5k CAVH 2:30.0<br>43 Stott David M Open 5k CAVH 2:30.0<br>44 Young Richard M Open 5k CAVH 3:30.0<br>45 Morris Philip M Open 5k HCYU 5:00.0<br>46 Homan Robert M Open 5k CIVL 5:30.0<br>47 Murphie Graham M Open 5k TAIR 6:00.0<br>48 McCaig Andrew M Open 5k CAVH 6:00.0<br>49 Beamish Nadia F Open 5k HCYU 6:00.0<br>50 Waldrom Amanda F Open 5k TAIR 6:30.0<br>51 Montgomery Christine F Open 5k LEIT 6:30.0<br>52 De Jong Eva F Open 5k LEIT 6:30.0<br>53 Connolly Joe M Open 5k CIVL 6:30.0<br>54 Hodgson Tim M Open 5k CAVH 6:45.0<br>55 Sharp Dave M Open 5k CAVH 8:00.0<br>56 Scharpf Eric M Open 5k HCYU 8:00.0<br>57 De La Harpe Becky F Open 5k CAVH 8:00.0<br>58 Crumpton Shireen F Open 5k HCYU 8:00.0<br>59 Geddes Mark M Open 5k HCYU 8:15.0<br>60 Fogarty Richard M Open 5k HCYU 8:15.0<br>61 Foster Megan F Open 5k HCYU 8:30.0<br>62 Halley Brent M Open 5k ARIK 8:45.0<br>63 Downe Michael M Open 5k CAVH 9:00.0<br>64 Brown Alexander M Open 5k CAVH 9:15.0<br>65 Saunders Bryce M Open 5k ARIK 10:00.0<br>66 Eyles Kristy F Open 5k CAVH 10:00.0<br>67 Dawbin Timothy M Open 5k HCYU 10:00.0<br>68 Hicks Sophie F Open 5k HCYU 10:15.0<br>69 Geddes Zara F Open 5k HCYU 10:15.0<br>70 Smith Eddie M Open 5k ARIK 10:30.0<br>71 Lewis Corey M Open 5k LEIT 10:30.0<br>72 Geddes Luke M Open 5k HCYU 10:30.0<br>73 Young Oliver M Open 5k CAVH 11:00.0<br>74 Thompson-Fawcett Jedidiah M Open 5k HCYU 11:00.0<br>75 Ryan Jonathan M Open 5k CAVH 11:00.0<br>76 Pigou Ben M Open 5k CAVH 11:00.0<br>77 Irving Maya F Open 5k CAVH 11:00.0<br>78 Rowley Ben M Open 5k CAVH 11:30.0<br>79 Bolter Matthew M Open 5k HCYU 11:30.0<br>80 Bolter Tim M Open 5k HCYU 11:30.0<br>81 Owen Jake M Open 5k HCYU 11:30.0<br>82 Westgate Grayson M Open 5k ARIK 12:00.0<br>83 Miyahara Leon M Open 5k CAVH 12:00.0<br>84 Hamilton George M Open 5k HCYU 12:00.0<br>85 Divers Jack M Open 5k LEIT 12:00.0<br>86 Beard Reuben M Open 5k HCYU 12:30.0<br>87 Shanks Nathan M Open 5k CAVH 13:00.0<br>89 Chisholm Glen M Open 5k LEIT 13:00.0<br>90 Ryan CharletonTadhg M Open 5k LEIT 13:15.0<br>91 Weston Jacob M Open 5k HCYU 13:30.0<br>92 Slee Logan M Open 5k HCYU 13:30.0<br>93 Monk Jared M Open 5k HCYU 13:30.0<br>94 Madgwick Kirk M Open 5k HCYU 13:30.0<br>95 Green Russell M Open 5k HCYU 13:30.0<br>96 Chesney Liam M Open 5k WHAC 13:30.0<br>97 Carter Austin M Open 5k BAYS 13:30.0<br>98 Staufenberg Janus M Open 5k LEIT 14:00.0<br>99 Bremer Samuel M Open 5k HCYU 14:00.0</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Suppose the Downs League 2016/17 U11 event consists of 5 races, starting with Race 1 occurring on January 1st, and each subsequent race occurs exactly one week after the previous one. What would be the date of the final race, and how many total days would the entire event span?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 811, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1362481, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='97' style='font-size:18px'>146</header>\n<br><header id='98' style='font-size:18px'>C&C Group plc Annual Report 2019</header>\n<h1 id='99' style='font-size:22px'>Notes forming part of the financial statements<br>(continued)</h1>\n<p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>19. ANALYSIS OF NET DEBT (continued)</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company is an original borrower under the terms of the Group\u2019s Euro term loan and multi-currency revolving credit facility which was<br>negotiated in the current financial year but is not a borrower in relation to the Group\u2019s drawn debt with respect to these facilities as at 28<br>February 2019. The Company is a borrower with respect to the Company and Group\u2019s non-bank borrowings at 28 February 2019. In the<br>prior financial year the Company was an original borrower under the terms of the Group\u2019s 2014 multi-currency revolving loan facility but was<br>not a borrower in relation to the Group\u2019s drawn debt at 28 February 2018.</p>\n<p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As outlined in further detail in note 25, the Company, together with a number of its subsidiaries, gave a letter of guarantee to secure its<br>obligations in respect of all debt drawn by the Company and Group at 28 February 2019. In the prior financial year the Company, together<br>with a number of its subsidiaries, also gave a letter of guarantee to secure its obligations in respect of the Group\u2019s 2014 multi-currency<br>revolving loan facility.</p>\n<p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>20. RECOGNISED DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES</p>\n<p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2019</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2018</p>\n<br><table id='106' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\"></td><td rowspan=\"2\">Net assets/ (liabilities) \u20acm</td><td colspan=\"2\"></td><td rowspan=\"2\">Net assets/ (liabilities) \u20acm</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Assets \u20acm</td><td>Liabilities \u20acm</td><td>Assets \u20acm</td><td>Liabilities \u20acm</td></tr><tr><td>Group</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant & equipment</td><td>1.2</td><td>(7.3)</td><td>(6.1)</td><td>0.3</td><td>(6.9)</td><td>(6.6)</td></tr><tr><td>Intangible assets</td><td>-</td><td>(7.2)</td><td>(7.2)</td><td>-</td><td>(2.7)</td><td>(2.7)</td></tr><tr><td>Retirement benefits</td><td>1.5</td><td>(2.4)</td><td>(0.9)</td><td>0.5</td><td>(1.6)</td><td>(1.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Trade related items & losses</td><td>1.3</td><td>-</td><td>1.3</td><td>0.9</td><td>-</td><td>0.9</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>4.0</td><td>(16.9)</td><td>(12.9)</td><td>1.7</td><td>(11.2)</td><td>(9.5)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he Group has not recognised deferred income tax in relation to temporary differences applicable to investments in subsidiaries on the<br>basis that the Group can control the timing and the realisation of these temporary differences and it is unlikely that the temporary differences<br>will reverse in the foreseeable future. The aggregate amount of temporary differences applicable to investments in subsidiaries and equity<br>accounted investments in respect of which deferred income tax liabilities have not been recognised is immaterial on the basis that the<br>participation exemptions and foreign tax credits should be available such that no material temporary differences arise. There are no other<br>unrecognised deferred income tax liabilities.</p>\n<p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In addition, no deferred income tax asset has been recognised in respect of certain tax losses incurred by the Group on the basis that the<br>recovery is considered unlikely in the foreseeable future or due to the complexity and uncertainty of the tax treatment in connection with<br>certain items giving rise to some of the losses a deferred income tax asset has not been recognised. The cumulative value of such tax losses<br>is \u20ac35.3m (2018: \u20ac27.3m). In the event that sufficient taxable profits arise or the tax treatment becomes sufficiently certain in the relevant<br>jurisdictions in future years, these losses may be utilised. The majority of these losses are due to expire in 2035.</p>\n<p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>During 2018, the Group re-assessed the basis of calculating the deferred income tax arising on fair valued historic business combinations,<br>and specifically the expected manner of recovery of the acquired land & buildings. This reassessment, in the prior financial year, increased<br>goodwill by \u20ac9.0m per note 12, created a deferred income tax liability of \u20ac4.6m and a deferred income tax liability release of \u20ac4.4m<br>(principally arising on the intervening reductions in the UK tax rate) included in the deferred income tax movement in note 7.</p>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Company</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The company had no deferred income tax assets or liabilities at 28 February 2019 or at 28 February 2018.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1676553, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='79' style='font-size:16px'>Table of Contents</header>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Deferred Income Tax Balances</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Deferred income taxes provided for temporary differences based on tax laws in effect at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>December 31,</p>\n<br><table id='83' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td></tr><tr><td>Noncurrent Deferred Income Tax Assets</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tax credit carryforwards</td><td>$ 76</td><td>$ \u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Loss carryforwards</td><td>958</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>\u2014</td><td>520</td></tr><tr><td>Identifiable intangible assets</td><td>184</td><td>81</td></tr><tr><td>Long-term debt</td><td>188</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>Employee benefit obligations</td><td>109</td><td>56</td></tr><tr><td>Commodity contracts and interest rate swaps</td><td>212</td><td>25</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>40</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax assets</td><td>$ 1,767</td><td>$ 710</td></tr><tr><td>Noncurrent Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>406</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax liabilities</td><td>406</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Valuation allowance</td><td>35</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Net Deferred Income Tax Asset</td><td>$ 1,326</td><td>$ 710</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>At December 31, 2018 , we had total deferred tax assets of approximately $1.326 billion that were substantially comprised of book and tax basis differences<br>related to our generation and mining property, plant and equipment, as well as federal and state net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards. Our deferred tax assets<br>were significantly impacted by the Merger. As of December 31, 2018 , we assessed the need for a valuation allowance related to our deferred tax asset and<br>considered both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the deferred tax assets. In connection with our analysis, we concluded that<br>it is more likely than not that the federal deferred tax assets will be fully utilized by future taxable income, and thus no valuation allowance was required. We<br>recognized a partial valuation allowance of $20 million on the net operating loss carryforwards related to Illinois due to forecasted expiration. In addition, in our<br>purchase price allocation we recognized a valuation allowance of $15 million for separate state jurisdictions.</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>At December 31, 2018 , we had $3.560 billion pre-tax net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards for federal income tax purposes that will begin to expire in<br>2032. At December 31, 2018 , we had $255 million alternative minimum tax (AMT) credits refundable through the TCJA available.</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The income tax effects of the components included in accumulated other comprehensive income totaled a net deferred tax asset of $2 million at<br>December 31, 2018 and a net deferred tax liability of $6 million at December 31, 2017 .</p>\n<footer id='87' style='font-size:20px'>120</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1450618, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>24 Deferred tax</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The deductible and taxable temporary differences at the year end dates in respect of which deferred tax has been recognised<br>are analysed as follows:</p>\n<br><table id='3' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>2020 \u20ac\u2019000</td><td>2019 \u20ac\u2019000</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets (deductible temporary differences)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pension related</td><td>779</td><td>860</td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>101</td><td>110</td></tr><tr><td>Intangibles</td><td>-</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Hedge related</td><td>373</td><td>62</td></tr><tr><td>IFRS 16</td><td>70</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Other deductible temporary differences</td><td>5,567</td><td>2,587</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>6,890</td><td>3,620</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities (taxable temporary differences)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>(3,953)</td><td>(4,078)</td></tr><tr><td>Pension related</td><td>(226)</td><td>(101)</td></tr><tr><td>Intangibles</td><td>(12,117)</td><td>(16,350)</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>(3,489)</td><td>(2,614)</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>(19,785)</td><td>(23,143)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax liability</td><td>(12,895)</td><td>(19,523)</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>24 Deferred tax (continued)</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Movements in deferred tax assets and liabilities, during the year, were as follows:</p>\n<table id='7' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>IFRS 16</td><td>Hedge related</td><td>Pension related</td><td>Intangibles</td><td>Other</td><td>Total</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>At 1 August 2019</td><td>(3,968)</td><td>-</td><td>62</td><td>759</td><td>(16,349)</td><td>(27)</td><td>(19,523)</td></tr><tr><td>Recognised in the Consolidated Income Statement</td><td>(371)</td><td>70</td><td>-</td><td>(26)</td><td>2,088</td><td>2,982</td><td>4,743</td></tr><tr><td>Recognised in Other Comprehensive Income</td><td>(24)</td><td>-</td><td>311</td><td>(70)</td><td>-</td><td>(117)</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Foreign exchange and other</td><td>511</td><td>-</td><td></td><td>(110)</td><td>2,144</td><td>(760)</td><td>1,785</td></tr><tr><td>At 31 July 2020</td><td>(3,852)</td><td>70</td><td>373</td><td>553</td><td>(12,117)</td><td>2,078</td><td>(12,895)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>Investment property</td><td>Hedge related</td><td>Pension related</td><td>Intangibles</td><td>Other</td><td>Total</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td><td>\u20ac\u2019000</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>At 1 August 2018</td><td>(5,704)</td><td>(2,264)</td><td>(316)</td><td>389</td><td>(9,926)</td><td>(1,070)</td><td>(18,891)</td></tr><tr><td>Recognised in the Consolidated Income Statement</td><td>1,440</td><td>2,264</td><td>9</td><td>(64)</td><td>1,893</td><td>1,107</td><td>6,649</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisitions related</td><td>494</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(8,304) -</td><td>- (150)</td><td>(7,810) 407</td></tr><tr><td>Recognised in Other Comprehensive Income Foreign exchange and other</td><td>(262) 64</td><td>- -</td><td>369 -</td><td>450 (16)</td><td>(12)</td><td>86</td><td>122</td></tr><tr><td>At 31 July 2019</td><td>(3,968)</td><td>-</td><td>62</td><td>759</td><td>(16,349)</td><td>(27)</td><td>(19,523)</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3426351, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='16' style='font-size:20px'>A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 2 0 - 2 1</header>\n<br><header id='17' style='font-size:14px'>Engage With The Emerging</header>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Consolidated Notes to the financial Statements</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>(All amounts in Rs. Mn unless otherwise stated)</p>\n<table id='20' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>31 March 2021</td><td>31 March 2020</td></tr><tr><td>7 Deferred tax assets</td><td>1,548</td><td>1,302</td></tr><tr><td>The balance comprises temporary differences attributable to:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Provisions</td><td>298</td><td>327</td></tr><tr><td>Defined benefit obligations</td><td>377</td><td>280</td></tr><tr><td>Other items</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Allowance for doubtful debts and advances</td><td>105</td><td>63</td></tr><tr><td>Minimum alternate tax credit entitlement</td><td>895</td><td>767</td></tr><tr><td>Gross deferred tax assets (A)</td><td>1,675</td><td>1,437</td></tr><tr><td>Tax impact of difference between carrying amount of Property, plant and equipment in the financial statements and as per the income tax calculation</td><td>(96)</td><td>(199)</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax asset related to fair value loss on derivative instruments not charged in the statement of Profit and Loss but taken to Balance Sheet</td><td>(31)</td><td>64</td></tr><tr><td>Gross deferred tax liabilities (B)</td><td>(127)</td><td>(135)</td></tr><tr><td>Net Deferred tax assets (A-B)</td><td>1,548</td><td>1,302</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:20px'>Movement in deferred tax assets</h1>\n<br><table id='22' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"></td><td colspan=\"7\">Deferred tax assets</td><td>Deferred tax liability</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Total</td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>Derivatives</td><td>Employee benefits</td><td>Provisions</td><td>Minimum Alternate Tax</td><td>Other items</td><td>Total</td><td>Intangible assets*</td></tr><tr><td>At 1 April 2019</td><td>(218)</td><td>(56)</td><td>272</td><td>340</td><td>758</td><td>(64)</td><td>1,032</td><td>(395)</td><td>637</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition of subsidiary</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(196)</td><td>(196)</td></tr><tr><td>Transition adjustment of Ind AS 116 (charged)/credited:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>58</td><td>58</td><td>-</td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td>- to profit or loss- deferred tax</td><td>19</td><td>-</td><td>9</td><td>(13)</td><td>-</td><td>57</td><td>72</td><td>201</td><td>273</td></tr><tr><td>- MAT asset created from current tax expenses</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>9</td><td>-</td><td>9</td><td>-</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>- to other comprehensive income Income tax netted with deferred gain on cash flow hedges</td><td>-</td><td>120</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>120</td><td>-</td><td>120</td></tr><tr><td>Remeasurement of post - employment benefit obligations (expenses) / income</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(1)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(1)</td><td>-</td><td>(1)</td></tr><tr><td>- Translation adjustment</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>(7)</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>At 31 March 2020</td><td>(199)</td><td>64</td><td>280</td><td>327</td><td>767</td><td>63</td><td>1,302</td><td>(397)</td><td>905</td></tr><tr><td>(charged)/credited:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- to profit or loss- deferred tax</td><td>103</td><td>-</td><td>96</td><td>(29)</td><td>-</td><td>34</td><td>204</td><td>102</td><td>306</td></tr><tr><td>- MAT asset created from current tax expenses</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>128</td><td>-</td><td>128</td><td>-</td><td>128</td></tr><tr><td>- to other comprehensive income Income tax netted with deferred gain on cash flow hedges</td><td>-</td><td>(95)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(95)</td><td>-</td><td>(95)</td></tr><tr><td>Remeasurement of post - employment</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>3</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>3</td><td>-</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>benefit obligations (expenses) / income - Translation adjustment</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(2)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>-</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>At 31 March 2021</td><td>(96)</td><td>(31)</td><td>377</td><td>298</td><td>895</td><td>105</td><td>1,548</td><td>(295)</td><td>1,253</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Notes :</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Deferred tax assets and liabilities above have been determined by applying the income tax rates of respective countries. Deferred tax<br>assets and liabilities in relation to taxes payable under different tax jurisdictions have not been offset in financial statements. Accordingly<br>deferred tax assets of Rs. 1,548 Mn (Previous year Rs. 1,302 Mn) and Deferred tax liability of Rs. 295 Mn (Previous year Rs. 397 Mn)<br>have been separately disclosed.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>* Deferred tax liability on intangible assets pertains to business combination.</p>\n<footer id='26' style='font-size:20px'>180</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3059709, "type": "text", "content": "Table of Contents\n\n\n \nGlossary of Defined Terms\n\n\n# 6\\. INCOME TAXES\n\n\n \n\nDeferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences\nbetween the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting\nand tax purposes. \nComponents of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities as of June 30,\n2019 and December 31, 2018, are as follows:\n\n\n \n\nDeferred Tax Assets and Liabilities\n\n\nAs of June 30, 2019, the total deferred tax assets and liabilities presented\nabove relate to the Company's TRSs. The Company recognizes the tax benefits of\nuncertain tax \npositions only when the position is \"more likely than not\" to be sustained\nupon examination by the tax authorities based on the technical merits of the\ntax position. The \nCompany's policy is to record interest and penalties on uncertain tax\npositions as part of tax expense. Tax years subsequent to the year ended\nDecember 31, 2014 remain open to \nexamination by federal and state tax authorities.\n\n\n \n\nTotal income tax expense (benefit) differs from the amount computed by\napplying the federal statutory income tax rate of 21 percent for the three and\nsix months ended June 30, \n2019 and 2018 to income from operations and other income and expense for the\nperiods presented, as follows:\n\n\nIncome Tax Expense (Benefit)\n\n\n \n\nThe components of income tax expense (benefit) include the following for the\nperiods presented:\n\n\n \n\nComponents of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)\n\n\n19\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 136294, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='22' style='font-size:20px'>NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</h1>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:18px'>for the year ended 31 December 2018</h1>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Group</p>\n<br><table id='25' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>31 December 2018 E000\u2019s</td><td>31 December 2017 E000\u2019s</td></tr><tr><td>13. DEFERRED TAX</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- Deferred tax asset to be realised within 12 months</td><td>(2\u00a0562)</td><td>(2\u00a0010)</td></tr><tr><td>- Deferred tax asset to be recovered after 12 months</td><td>(2\u00a0341)</td><td>(2\u00a0276)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>(4\u00a0903)</td><td>(4\u00a0286)</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- Deferred tax liabilities to be realised within 12 months</td><td>351</td><td>306</td></tr><tr><td>- Deferred tax liabilities to be realised after 12 months</td><td>5\u00a0724</td><td>5\u00a0949</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>6\u00a0075</td><td>6\u00a0255</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax liability/ (asset)</td><td>1\u00a0172</td><td>1\u00a0969</td></tr><tr><td>The gross movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Balance at the beginning of the year</td><td>1\u00a0969</td><td>(51)</td></tr><tr><td>Statements of comprehensive income charge for the year</td><td>(797)</td><td>2\u00a0020</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at the end of the year</td><td>1\u00a0172</td><td>1\u00a0969</td></tr><tr><td>The movement in deferred tax assets and liabilities during the year, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same tax jurisdiction is as follows:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Accelerated asset allowances</td><td>5\u00a0724</td><td>5\u00a0948</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at the beginning of the year</td><td>5\u00a0948</td><td>6\u00a0175</td></tr><tr><td>Charged to income statement</td><td>(224)</td><td>(227)</td></tr><tr><td>Prepayments</td><td>\u00a0 \u00a0 351</td><td>306</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at the beginning of the year</td><td>306</td><td>259</td></tr><tr><td>Charged to income statement</td><td>45</td><td>47</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>6\u00a0075 \u00a0</td><td>6\u00a0254 \u00a0</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Disallowed accruals and provisions</td><td>(2\u00a0341)</td><td>(2\u00a0276)</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at the beginning of the year</td><td>(2\u00a0276)</td><td>(2\u00a0070)</td></tr><tr><td>Credit to income statement</td><td>(65)</td><td>(206)</td></tr><tr><td>Tax losses</td><td>(2\u00a0562)</td><td>(2\u00a0009)</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at the beginning of the year</td><td>(2\u00a0009)</td><td>(4\u00a0415)</td></tr><tr><td>Charged to income statement</td><td>(553)</td><td>2\u00a0406</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>(4\u00a0903)</td><td>(4\u00a0285)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax liability/ (asset)</td><td>1\u00a0172 \u00a0 \u00a0</td><td>1\u00a0969</td></tr></table>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>41</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3634986, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='109' style='font-size:20px'>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2018</h1>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>7. deferred tax</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Deferred income tax reflect the net tax effects of temporary difference between the carrying amount of assets and<br>liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant component of<br>the Group's net deferred income tax are as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>deferred tax assets:</p>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(` in million)</p>\n<br><table id='114' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Provision for compensated absences and gratuity</td><td>expenditure allowed on actual payment basis</td><td>tax losses carried forward</td><td>Unabsorbed depreciation</td><td>depreciation, amortisation and other temporary differences</td><td>total</td></tr><tr><td>as at 1 april 2016</td><td>37.54</td><td>14.20</td><td>347.04</td><td>496.63</td><td>16.37</td><td>911.78</td></tr><tr><td>Credited/(Charged)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- to consolidated statement of profit and loss</td><td>3.37</td><td>3.60</td><td>1.35</td><td>27.08</td><td>(34.87)</td><td>0.53</td></tr><tr><td>- to Other comprehensive income</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>as at 31 March 2017</td><td>40.91</td><td>17.80</td><td>348.39</td><td>523.71</td><td>(18.50)</td><td>912.31</td></tr><tr><td>Credited/(Charged)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- to consolidated statement of profit and loss</td><td>(1.72)</td><td>(0.14)</td><td>(17.89)</td><td>44.75</td><td>(24.24)</td><td>0.76</td></tr><tr><td>- to Other comprehensive income</td><td>0.06</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>0.06</td></tr><tr><td>as at 31 March 2018</td><td>39.25</td><td>17.66</td><td>330.50</td><td>568.46</td><td>(42.74)</td><td>913.13</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>deferred tax liabilities:</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(` in million)</p>\n<br><table id='117' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>others</td><td>total</td></tr><tr><td>as at 1 april 2016</td><td>0.03</td><td>0.03</td></tr><tr><td>Charged/(Credited)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- to consolidated statement of profit and loss</td><td>(0.01)</td><td>(0.01)</td></tr><tr><td>- to Other comprehensive income</td><td>(1.55)</td><td>(1.55)</td></tr><tr><td>as at 31 March 2017</td><td>(1.53)</td><td>(1.53)</td></tr><tr><td>Charged/(Credited)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- to consolidated statement of profit and loss</td><td>(0.06)</td><td>(0.06)</td></tr><tr><td>- to Other comprehensive income</td><td>1.14</td><td>1.14</td></tr><tr><td>as at 31 March 2018</td><td>(0.45)</td><td>(0.45)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>net deferred tax assets:</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(` in million)</p>\n<br><table id='120' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Particulars</td><td>as at 31 March 2018</td><td>as at 31 March 2017</td><td>as at 1 april 2016</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets</td><td>913.13</td><td>912.31</td><td>911.78</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities</td><td>(0.45)</td><td>(1.53)</td><td>0.03</td></tr><tr><td>deferred tax assets (net)</td><td>913.58</td><td>913.84</td><td>911.75</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='121' style='font-size:18px'>Annual Report 2017-18 145</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1422837, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting<br>purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in millions):</p>\n<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>December 31,</p>\n<br><table id='95' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>2019</td><td>2018</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net operating loss carryforwards</td><td>$ 184</td><td>$ 344</td></tr><tr><td>Stock-based compensation</td><td>113</td><td>163</td></tr><tr><td>Reserves and accruals not currently deductible</td><td>423</td><td>426</td></tr><tr><td>Excess of tax basis over book basis of intangible assets</td><td>1,232</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Up-front and milestone payments</td><td>988</td><td>97</td></tr><tr><td>Research and other credit carryforwards</td><td>247</td><td>363</td></tr><tr><td>Other, net</td><td>168</td><td>183</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance</td><td>3,355</td><td>1,576</td></tr><tr><td>Valuation allowance</td><td>(217)</td><td>(331)</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax assets</td><td>3,138</td><td>1,245</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment</td><td>(88)</td><td>(47)</td></tr><tr><td>Excess of book basis over tax basis of intangible assets</td><td>(1,401)</td><td>(1,656)</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>(93)</td><td>(80)</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax liabilities</td><td>(1,582)</td><td>(1,783)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)</td><td>$ 1,556</td><td>$ (538)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The valuation allowance was $217 million and $331 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease of our valuation allowance in<br>2019 was primarily related to a reduction in net operating loss carryforwards under the asset recognition framework and the corresponding valuation<br>allowance with respect to certain foreign jurisdictions.</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>At December 31, 2019, we had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $231 million. The federal net operating loss<br>carryforwards will start to expire in 2021, if not utilized. We also had federal tax credit carryforwards of approximately $88 million which will start to expire<br>in 2020, if not utilized. In addition, we had state net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards of approximately $1.4 billion and $543 million, respectively.<br>The state net operating loss will start to expire in 2021 if not utilized and state tax credit carryforwards is carried forward indefinitely.</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Utilization of net operating losses and tax credits may be subject to an annual limitation due to ownership change limitations provided in the Internal<br>Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. This annual limitation may result in the expiration of the net operating losses and credits<br>before utilization.</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We file federal, state and foreign income tax returns in the United States and in many foreign jurisdictions. For federal income tax purposes, the statute<br>of limitations is open for 2013 and onwards and 2010 and onwards for California income tax purposes. For certain acquired entities, the statute of limitations<br>is open for all years from inception due to our utilization of their net operating losses and credits carried over from prior years.</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Our income tax returns are subject to audit by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. We are currently under examination by the IRS for the tax years<br>from 2013 to 2015 and by various state and foreign jurisdictions. There are differing interpretations of tax laws and regulations, and as a result, significant<br>disputes may arise with these tax authorities involving issues of the timing and amount of deductions and allocations of income among various tax<br>jurisdictions. We periodically evaluate our exposures associated with our tax filing positions.</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Of the total unrecognized tax benefits, $1.6 billion and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2019 and 2018, if recognized, would reduce our effective tax rate in<br>the period of recognition. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits included as part of provision for income taxes on our Consolidated<br>Statements of Income were $105 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended<br>December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, were not material. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits were $259 million and $154<br>million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, we believe that it is reasonably possible that our unrecognized tax benefits<br>may materially change in the next 12 months due to potential resolutions with a tax authority. An estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change<br>cannot be determined at this time.</p>\n<footer id='102' style='font-size:20px'>86</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1663483, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Significant components of our deferred tax liabilities and assets are as follows (in thousands):</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>December 31,</p>\n<br><table id='31' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Net book value of property and equipment</td><td>$ 21,097</td><td>$ 18,131</td></tr><tr><td>Broadcast licenses, goodwill and other intangibles</td><td>286,299</td><td>272,330</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax liabilities</td><td>307,396</td><td>290,461</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax assets:</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Liability for accrued vacation</td><td>1,461</td><td>1,438</td></tr><tr><td>Liability for accrued bonus</td><td>3,993</td><td>2,391</td></tr><tr><td>Allowance for doubtful accounts</td><td>1,358</td><td>1,170</td></tr><tr><td>Liability under health and welfare plan</td><td>639</td><td>608</td></tr><tr><td>Liability for pension plan</td><td>8,437</td><td>9,611</td></tr><tr><td>State and local operating loss carryforwards</td><td>2,358</td><td>4,719</td></tr><tr><td>Alternative minimum tax carryforwards</td><td>-</td><td>3,925</td></tr><tr><td>Acquisition costs</td><td>1,946</td><td>2,104</td></tr><tr><td>Restricted stock</td><td>2,083</td><td>2,636</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>231</td><td>244</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax assets</td><td>22,506</td><td>28,846</td></tr><tr><td>Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets</td><td>-</td><td>(75)</td></tr><tr><td>Net deferred tax assets</td><td>22,506</td><td>28,771</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax liabilities, net of deferred tax assets</td><td>$ 284,890</td><td>$ 261,690</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We have an aggregate of approximately $51.9 million of various state operating loss carryforwards. We project to have taxable income in the<br>carryforward periods. Therefore, we believe that it is more likely than not that our state net operating loss carryforwards will be fully utilized.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory federal income tax rate and income taxes as reflected in the consolidated financial statements<br>for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows (in thousands):</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Year Ended December 31,</p>\n<br><table id='35' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>Statutory federal rate applied to income before income tax expense</td><td>$ 60,406</td><td>$ 67,647</td><td>$ 36,992</td></tr><tr><td>Current year permanent items</td><td>3,065</td><td>2,408</td><td>1,830</td></tr><tr><td>State and local taxes, net of federal tax benefit</td><td>14,004</td><td>7,889</td><td>5,056</td></tr><tr><td>Change in valuation allowance</td><td>(75)</td><td>(1,457)</td><td>(151)</td></tr><tr><td>Reserve for uncertain tax positions</td><td>(63)</td><td>757</td><td>(698)</td></tr><tr><td>Rate change due to enactment of tax reform</td><td>-</td><td>(145,997)</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Other items, net</td><td>(490)</td><td>79</td><td>389</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax expense (benefit) as recorded</td><td>$ 76,847</td><td>$ (68,674)</td><td>$ 43,418</td></tr><tr><td>Effective income tax rate</td><td>26.7%</td><td>35.5%</td><td>41.1%</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='36' style='font-size:14px'>93</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1093177, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='94' style='font-size:20px'>Table of Contents</header>\n<br><header id='95' style='font-size:20px'>Glossary of Defined Terms</header>\n<h1 id='96' style='font-size:16px'>6. INCOME TAXES</h1>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and tax purposes.<br>Components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, are as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities</p>\n<br><table id='99' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td></td><td>March 31, 2019</td><td>December 31, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred Tax Assets:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deferred contract revenue</td><td>$</td><td>1,542,509</td><td>$ 1,691,899</td></tr><tr><td>Net operating loss carryforwards</td><td></td><td>5,066,801</td><td>5,424,671</td></tr><tr><td>Loan loss provision</td><td></td><td>\u2014</td><td>263,508</td></tr><tr><td>Basis reduction of investment in partnerships</td><td></td><td>339,663</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td></td><td>419,442</td><td>95,695</td></tr><tr><td>Sub-total</td><td>$</td><td>7,368,415</td><td>$ 7,475,773</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred Tax Liabilities:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cost recovery of leased and fixed assets</td><td>$</td><td>(2,491,656 )</td><td>$ (2,508,547 )</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td></td><td>(22,147 )</td><td>(19,023 )</td></tr><tr><td>Sub-total</td><td>$</td><td>(2,513,803 )</td><td>$ (2,527,570 )</td></tr><tr><td>Total net deferred tax asset</td><td>$</td><td>4,854,612</td><td>$ 4,948,203</td></tr></table>\n<p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>As of March 31, 2019, the total deferred tax assets and liabilities presented above relate to the Company's TRSs. The Company recognizes the tax benefits of uncertain tax<br>positions only when the position is \"more likely than not\" to be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities based on the technical merits of the tax position. The<br>Company's policy is to record interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as part of tax expense. Tax years subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2014 remain open to<br>examination by federal and state tax authorities.</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Total income tax expense (benefit) differs from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate of 21 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2019<br>and 2018 to income from operations and other income and expense for the periods presented, as follows:</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</p>\n<br><table id='103' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">For the Three Months Ended</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>March 31, 2019</td><td>March 31, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Application of statutory income tax rate</td><td>$ 905,893</td><td>$ 1,525,205</td></tr><tr><td>State income taxes, net of federal tax expense (benefit)</td><td>516,026</td><td>(143,950 )</td></tr><tr><td>Federal Tax Attributable to Income of Real Estate Investment Trust</td><td>(915,985 )</td><td>(1,814,496 )</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>(58,599 )</td><td>(11,585 )</td></tr><tr><td>Total income tax expense (benefit)</td><td>$ 447,335</td><td>$ (444,826 )</td></tr></table>\n<p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The components of income tax expense (benefit) include the following for the periods presented:</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</p>\n<br><table id='106' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">For the Three Months Ended</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>March 31, 2019</td><td>March 31, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Current tax expense (benefit)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Federal</td><td>$ 216,093</td><td>$ (28,139 )</td></tr><tr><td>State (net of federal tax expense (benefit))</td><td>137,651</td><td>(7,410 )</td></tr><tr><td>Total current tax expense (benefit)</td><td>$ 353,744</td><td>$ (35,549 )</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred tax expense (benefit)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Federal</td><td>$ (284,784 )</td><td>$ (272,738 )</td></tr><tr><td>State (net of federal tax expense (benefit))</td><td>378,375</td><td>(136,539 )</td></tr><tr><td>Total deferred tax expense (benefit)</td><td>$ 93,591</td><td>$ (409,277 )</td></tr><tr><td>Total income tax expense (benefit), net</td><td>$ 447,335</td><td>$ (444,826 )</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='107' style='font-size:20px'>19</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering both deferred tax liabilities and assets, calculate the net change in deferred taxes, and determine the resulting impact on comprehensive income in 2018. How does this net change compare temporally with the income charges over both 2017 and 2018?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 813, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2979535, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='34' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>8 It is not mandatory for email addresses to be split into person and organisation, even where this<br>information is visible from the email address. Where the email address is not split between person<br>and organisation, the full email address should be entered into the persons field.</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>9 Where metadata is used, it is not mandatory to split the parties\u2019 information into person and<br>organisation, even where this information is visible. Where the metadata is not split between<br>person and organisation, the metadata should be entered into the persons field.</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>10 It is not mandatory for every document to have an author (ie \u201cFrom\u201d) where this information is not<br>visible in the document.</p>\n<br><table id='37' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Field</td><td>Data type</td><td>Explanation</td></tr><tr><td>Document_ID</td><td>Text, 255</td><td>Document ID.</td></tr><tr><td>Correspondence Type</td><td>Text, 100</td><td>FROM, TO, CC, BCC.</td></tr><tr><td>Organisations</td><td>Text, 255</td><td>Hard copy: objectively captured. Electronic emails: email addresses or email alias name or objectively captured. Other electronic documents (non-emails): objectively captured, extracted from metadata, or NULL.</td></tr><tr><td>Persons</td><td>Text, 255</td><td>Hard copy: objectively captured in the format: {Surname} {First Name Initial} eg Smith J. Electronic emails: email addresses or email alias name. Other electronic documents (non-emails): objectively captured, extracted from metadata, or NULL.</td></tr></table>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PAGES TABLE</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>11 There will be at least one entry in the Pages Table that relates to a single document in the Export<br>Table. Concurrently, there will be an entry in the Pages Table for every file provided in the<br>cascading document folder structure.</p>\n<br><table id='40' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Field</td><td>Data type</td><td>Explanation</td></tr><tr><td>Document_ID</td><td>Text, 255</td><td>Document ID.</td></tr><tr><td>File Name</td><td>Text, 128</td><td>Filename, including extension of each indexed document.</td></tr><tr><td>Page Label</td><td>Text, 32</td><td>\u201cPDF\u201d for files produced as searchable multipage PDF documents. \u201cNative\u201d for documents produced as native electronic files. \u201cText\u201d for extracted text files.</td></tr><tr><td>Page_Num</td><td>Number, Double</td><td>An integer indicating the order in which the files related to the document should be sequenced.</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='41' style='font-size:14px'>page 14</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 448841, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='0' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>DESIGNING FOR FEXIBILITY IN REPETITIVE FORMATS</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Brochures, books, and other multipage publications using a repetitive format.</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 614927, "type": "text", "content": "Dd form 13512 continuation sheet pdf format 0.07 MB) 1,084,984.14 [936K] * Add\n-c file -i \n'{f8cca4eeec744b8acf6e6ed7b49b47bf75ef6c9bd7c}', 'data' 2,744,996.21 [936K] *\nadd cmd -e \nformat -p '{5ca4ffee231745c482499b22cb6afce9b9adff5af4b}', 'name'\n0,5997,000,0000,00/01,-15%' \n478.8 K/101,0 [996K] * fix d3d5-0 (4k line height) - d2d53c-1 (eap file\noutput) - f59efa3-7 (2k,f3d \nfile output) 477.1 K/100,0 [99K] 6.1.1 [94K, 5.1.4] Add support for.iso (ISO\n8601)/ISO 8801. Fix \nsRGB correction in the DDF. 0 of 64K. Fix use of GYTIMETER 1,869. K/112,25\n[95.1K] Add \nsupport for.tg formats (GYP / GYTIMETER) 6,943.13 [91.3K] * Initialize source\nfor Ddf format - \nmr_wq2 format, mww format 857 kd 0a.2.4 [95.2K] Add support to.lzma-wformat\n5,799,000 476.4 \nK/105,27 [83K] Fix.format(i,j) 2.0K 1[,6K] * Fixed some issues in MZP-Kernel\n12.15 - \nrw3gv-2K.2k3-1kd 8.0.3 [1099.10] Added support for MZP X/Y/Z mode. rf/1.3k\n[922K] Initialize \nsource for.xh_qn-2K.1k8 12.16 [-99K] Support gzp format. ff/2k [95K] Use `grep\ngzip-2k 1k.6k' \n0.13.5[,98K] Add lz2-hp files - d/lz2 format (C,C,D) for gzip. 7.0 [95K] Add\nsupport for gzip file \nformat. 13.0-P0 (3.6K+6k) d/lz2/c format (CS,D), gzk format 162312.2 - t/t1.d\n[85K] Use d-pip_l3 \nfile format - mm d/s/s files - wk2b5p/3.0n [83K] Add k3 to d5 file stream -\nms/ps formats - p2i/6k \n[93K] Add pv4 files, hmp format (VG,E1) k/7/22K [82K] Add u-compressed\ncompression (h,i,j) 4 \n[62K] Support for grx format for vga and lx options. ehp/rw4q 446.85 [93.5K]\nAdd grx files - w/o \nrw3, r,j,f k/r-kk files (R / k / r) - sg 1k k-hp.4kk3 - p/p/h /hg.4k [77.5K]\nModifiy support for H,J \nformat format for k/k,l. 1,5 1K11 K/2[,5K3] [95 ] add support for lz\ncompression for gzip \n6.0,7a(l,f). 0.13.20 - w/o hz.4 K: fix u64-lz (U64LX / U64LX / D / w, D/lZ,\nzp, z). 1,4 1K4KK/1,3 \n1,1K14 [98K] 5.6.6 [102K, 6K3] Patch in the v1.11 k-w formats for.wz, lz and\nk-hz. - d/lz2 format - \nt/p/w5o (lZ,z-bz) [84K] Modify hg format: - lz format, d/hg format. - l/gzk dd\nform 13512 \ncontinuation sheet pdf 3D paper, 14D, 36A. This PDF is only 2 inches long, so\nthat's a good \napproximation. Once you print it out, try making all 20 charts with your new\ncolors. That'll take \nan hour, but you'll know when it's ready. Let us know if any of you have\nworked on your paper's \nversion of the same chart. If not, read on to get started, then send out a DM\nin an email address \nand tell us how to make you happy. Print out each section and move them with\nthe next chart to \nthe \"Chart of the Month\". (They probably come with separate page images and\nare easier to \nread) At the end of the 1st chart, we print the chart and the following chart\nis copied into it and \nreposted with the following HTML: Step 1 -- Cutout! You can see an actual\nwhiteboard here, but \nif you scroll down and click on the red icon at the top of the document,\nyou'll automatically see \nit. Step 2 -- We just copied over 5,200 sheet photos. Each one comes with 8\ndiagrams. At least \n15 charts, two sheets of three-dimensional data and a couple charts for those\nthat need space \nfor each chart. Some of the chart we copied here is already up to 3 years old.\nStep 3 -- Copy it \nand paste. Add your chart to our spreadsheet for easy editing and copying.\nIt's like adding a \n\"top\" button to most websites. Click the \"View More\" dropdown next to the\nchart for more \ndiagrams. You now know how to print chart sections to take down and link out\nyour new \ngraphic (the other side). We'll see how well the chart worked for 3D printing,\nnot just to share \nwith friends. After a quick check in, your diagrams are all on their way to\nthe web! Print out and \nship it before you post to Kickstarter. Thanks, Steve dd form 13512\ncontinuation sheet pdf and \nPDF documents. (5) PDF pages required for submitting the required form. Copy\nand PDF Forms \nAny copies of each Form form that I post with a text link must appear on or\nbefore the document \npage. Some forms, such as those provided for download inside a CD or in PDF\nform, contain \nseparate sub-nucleation sheets. PDFs or MP3 files are recommended, but it is\nonly in the most \ndifficult stages and may not be a good idea to use both. For this reason, you\nwill see them \nappear together on your computer screen when you send a completed copy of an\norder form to \na printing company. Many of these versions may also be labeled PDFs, PDF\nfiles, or PDF pdf \nfiles. Please refer to the requirements for these files before sending your\ncompleted package to \nthe printer. NOTE: You may print separate PDFs, such as those provided for\ndownload inside \nand as PDF files that are similar in type without additional files. However,\nany duplicates that \ncontain information contained within such information will likely be sent to\nthe wrong customer. \nPlease double check all types of PDFs that can be scanned through printing\nequipment before \nthey are sent to the printers and do NOT include information contained therein\nthat will cause \nthem to fail to fulfill their statutory or other warranty warranty to you. You\nwill need to take \nmeasures to protect yourself and that the printer from unauthorized access.\nOrder and Payment \nof Custom Shipments Please do not include shipping, VAT, or international\ndelivery costs \nincurred in bringing the package to market on eBay or Etsy, for example.\nSimply add to or pay \nfor all these costs when you're requesting custom fulfillment through a custom\nproduct \nplacement program, or the delivery fee included on an order with multiple\ncustom orders or \nadd-ons included through your orders in stock. Please note: A custom order\nwill not include our \nfees. However, if you'd like to use other shipping service companies, you may\nwish to request \ndelivery prior to completing this process. If you provide us with a fee list\nthat you can then \nutilize, e-books (for example Word Word, eWork, PDF, Jekyll), a template or\ntemplates\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2979525, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>INTRODUCTION</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1 This Protocol outlines the method by which documents are to be provided to the Royal<br>Commission, whether in response to a Notice or otherwise.</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>2 The intended audience of this Protocol is the legal representatives and IT professionals engaged to<br>assist Parties to produce materials to the Royal Commission.</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>3 This Protocol may be varied, changed or amended by the Royal Commission from time to time.<br>The Royal Commission may, at any time, depart from this Protocol if it considers it appropriate to<br>do so, including but not limited to circumstances where it is unreasonable or too onerous upon a<br>Party to comply with the technical specifications of this Protocol.</p>\n<h1 id='51' style='font-size:18px'>EXCHANGE FORMAT OF DOCUMENTS</h1>\n<p id='52' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>4 The Royal Commission will accept electronic Documents in a Ringtail (.mdb) format (see<br>Annexure A).</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>5 Each electronic file must be produced in its native format or, alternatively, produced as a rendered<br>PDF together with a (.txt) file containing the OCR contents of the PDF file (see Annexure B).</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>6 Parties should provide all metadata where practicable. The Royal Commission accepts that<br>complete document metadata might not be available for all electronic documents.</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>7 Hard copy documents will be produced as PDFs, together with extracted text files where possible<br>(see Annexure B).</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>8 Original versions of all documents must be retained by the person producing it.</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>IDENTIFICATION OF DOCUMENTS \u2013 DOCUMENT IDS</p>\n<p id='58' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>9 Each document must be identified with a Document ID and page number which are unique to each<br>page and will be the primary means for identification of documents.</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>10 All Document IDs and page numbers are to be stamped in the top right hand corner of each page.</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>11 A Document ID must be in the following format:</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PPP(P).BBBB.FFFF.NNNN_(XXXX)</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Where:</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(a) PPP(P) is a three (or four) letter party code that identifies a Party. If a Party producing<br>documents to the Royal Commission has not been assigned a party code, or it wishes to<br>be assigned a different party code, it should contact the Royal Commission</p>\n<footer id='64' style='font-size:14px'>page 4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2747956, "type": "text", "content": "The maximum number of pages for a good document is 20. These documents \ndon\u2019t scare people away yet. A 20 page document can be read in less than one \nhour, and the review can also be done in less than one hour. For many purposes\n10 \nto 15 page documents are optimal. If documents require more than 20 pages the \nrecipe is simple: make it a compound document, so split the content in\nmultiple \nsmaller documents.\n\n\n \n\nIn large documents a natural split up is often directly visible.\n\n\n \n\nLarge documents often violate a number of the requirements in 3. For instance, \nthe document is edited by a single person but written by multiple authors.\nAnother \nsymptom of requirement violation is a document that is partly \ufb01nished and\npartly \nin draft status (for instance\u201crequirements\u201d sections are written, while the\n\u201cdesign\u201d \nis still in full motion).\n\n\n# 6 Acknowledgements\n\n\nAngelo Hulshout triggered me to \ufb01ll the the open ends in the requirements\nsection.\n\n\n# References\n\n\n[1] Gerrit Muller. The system architecture homepage. http://www. \ngaudisite.nl/index.html, 1999.\n\n\n# History\n\n\n \n\nVersion: 1.2, date: August 4, 2010 changed by: Gerrit Muller\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 textual adaptations \n\u2022 changed some \ufb01gures with lists in the article into description lists \n\u2022 changed status to concept \n1.1, date: June 8, 2010 changed by: Gerrit Muller\n\n\n \n\nVersion:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 replaced lists by \ufb01gures\n\n\n \n\nVersion: 1.0, date: May 18, 2004 changed by: Gerrit Muller\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Updated layout \n\u2022 Updated \ufb01gures \n\u2022 Added missing text and some more detailed requirements lists \n\u2022 Added acknowledgements \n0.4, date: August 7, 2002 changed by: Gerrit Muller\n\n\n \n\nVersion:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Abstract added\n\n\n \n\nVersion: 0.2, date: October 22, 1999 changed by: Gerrit Muller\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Initial Version, no changelog maintained yet.\n\n\nGerrit Muller \nGranularity of Documentation \nMarch 27, 2021 version: 1.2\n\n\n \nUSN-SE \npage: 8\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1818889, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='41' style='font-size:14px'>F O R M A T</header>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I don\u2019t want to do anything with the page numbers, which<br>display here as only the symbol \u201cI\u201d (if this is confusing, my master<br>pages could have been named \u201cA\u201d or \u201cB\u201d or something else. It\u2019s<br>just in this template I started with, they are called \u201cH\u201d and \u201cI\u201d.)</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Those page numbers are automatic, so on this page there\u2019s<br>just a placeholder symbol.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If I click back in the document section of the pages panel I can<br>see that my changes are kept.</p>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Next I\u2019ll scroll all the way down to the end of Chapter One,<br>doing a quick check. Something I notice is that several pages<br>are blank and don\u2019t have headers. That\u2019s because, in the original<br>template, these pages were set with the master page \u201cH.\u201d</p>\n<footer id='46' style='font-size:14px'>103</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 140734, "type": "text", "content": "Sample Submission and Reporting Form\n\n\n \n\n# RAW MILK, PASTEURIZED DAIRY PRODUCTS AND CONTAINERS\n\n\n \n\n# Sample Collection:\n\n\n \n\n# Environmental Microbiology\n\n\n \n\n# Sample Receipt:\n\n\n \n\n# Sample Group: ES111516-0130\n\n\n \n\n# SSF: 4050\n\n\n \n\n# Temperature when Analyzed: 1.0 \u00b0 C\n\n\n \n\nComment: Sample #2015 Eggnog code date 12/12; Both dilutions for Petrifilm\nAerobic Count \nhad excessive liquefiers (LIQ) >25% of plated area; unable to determine count.\n\n\n \n\n# Approved By: Susan Beasley\n\n\n \n\n# CONTROLS:\n\n\nPage 1 of 1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 204076, "type": "text", "content": "Acces PDF Sample Design Doent For Web Application\n\n\nSample Design Doent For Web Application\n\n\n \n\nYeah, reviewing a books sample design doent for web application could amass\nyour close associates listings. This is just one of the solutions for you to\nbe successful. As understood, achievement does not suggest that you have\nwonderful points.\n\n\nComprehending as well as accord even more than other will give each success.\nbordering to, the message as skillfully as perspicacity of this sample design\ndoent for web application can be taken as well as picked to act.\n\n\nSample Design Doent For Web\n\n\n \n\nKeeping Track of Your Geocaching Outings. When Wayne Johansen turned 16, his\ndad bought him a new Garmin handheld GPS system. His family had always enjoyed\ncamping and hiking, and ...\n\n\nKeeping Track of Your Geocaching Outings\n\n\n \n\nYou can read more about configuring Tailwind in the project\u2019s official\ndocumentation. Back to our website. We\u2019re creating a simple website that will\ndisplay products in a neat design.\n\n\nBuild a Website with React and Tailwind CSS\n\n\n \n\nAdvance Market Analytics published a new research publication on \"Web to Print\nSoftware Market Insights, to 2026\u2033 with 232 pages and enriched with self-\nexplained Tables and charts in presentable ...\n\n\nWeb to Print Software Market to See Thriving Worldwide | PageFlex, Vpress, EonCode\n\n\n \n\nSave the brochure document or directly print it. Now, you will see a sample\nbrochure design that you can customize ... You can also publish the brochure\nto the web or directly print it.\n\n\nHow to create a Brochure in Google Docs\n\n\n \n\nUse the Getting Help website links to ... The larger the sample the more you\ncan expect it to reflect accurately what you would obtain by testing everyone.\nFrom Fitz-Gibbon, C.T. & Morris, L.L. (1987) ...\n\n\nEducation Project Evaluation - Design an Evaluation\n\n\n \n\nWeb Hosting Providersis the use of computers (or workstations) to aid in the\ncreation, modification, analysis, ...\n\n\nWeb Hosting Providers Market Research Report with Size, Share, Value, CAGR,\nOutlook, Analysis, Latest Updates, Data, and News 2021-2028\n\n\n \n\nMicrosoft aims to make it easier to build custom Teams apps, helping your team\nenjoy easier and more specialized collaboration.\n\n\nBuild custom Microsoft Teams apps with the new Teams Developer Portal\n\n\n \n\nWith the aim of merging science education with entertainment so as to\nencourage a scientific temperament, the objective of the Science City has been\nto focus on \u201cinformal community-based learning\u201d.\n\n\nExplained: Aquatic, robotics galleries at Ahmedabad\u2019s Science City\n\n\n \n\nDOM-based cross-site scripting (DOM XSS) attacks are one of the most prevalent\nand dangerous web security vulnerabilities. In DOM XSS attacks, malicious code\nis executed inside the browser, making ...\n\n\nGoogle fights DOM XSS with Trusted Types\n\n\n \n\nAutomated writing assistance \u2013 a category that encompasses a variety of\ncomputer-based tools that help with writing \u2013 has been around in one form or\nanother for 60 years, although it\u2019s always been a ...\n\n\nThe automated writing assistance landscape in 2021\n\n\n \n\nJuly 21, 2021) - Ethos Gold Corp. (TSXV: ECC) (OTCQB: ETHOF) (FSE: 1ET) (\"\nEthos \" or the \" Company \") is pleased to announce the discovery of a high-\ngrade gold trend in its first pass exploration ...\n\n\nEthos Samples 572.9 g/t Au in Newly Defined High-Grade Gold Trend at Toogood\nProject, Newfoundland\n\n\n \n\nThe official OSU report lists several results as inconclusive because of too-\nsmall sample sizes. But here are various ... for overall program\nadministration and $7 million for design and documentation ...\n\n\nSmart Columbus: What did we learn?\n\n\n \n\nThe 3D Fashion Design Software market study covers significant research data\nand proofs to be a handy resource document for managers ... Download Sample\nReport PDF (Including Full TOC, Table ...\n\n\n3D Fashion Design Software Market to See Major Growth by 2026 | Adobe, Corel, Autodesk, Autometrix\n\n\n \n\nThe charm of food photos plays a decisive role in advertising because people\nsearch and buy food on the Internet more frequently than ever. Photos with\nappealing food design elements can immediately ...\n\n\nFactors affecting consumers' cognition of food photos using Kansei engineering\n\n\n \n\nif you would like to submit an academic writing sample that you feel reflects\nyour strengths as a critical thinker and writer for this program, please\nupload a single document no longer than ten pages ...\n\n\nHow to Apply: Graduate Programs\n\n\n \n\nAfter a contractor hired by state Senate Republicans to look into the results\nof the 2020 Arizona election provided an update on its findings at a\nlegislative hearing on July 15, former President ...\n\n\nDebunking Trump\u2019s Latest Arizona Election Claims\n\n\n \n\nSES Holdings Pte. Ltd. (\u201cSES\u201d), the world leader in the development and\nmanufacturing of high-performance hybrid Lithium-Metal (Li-Metal) rechargeable\n...\n\n\nSES, a Lithium-Metal Battery Supplier for Electric Vehicles, to List on NYSE\nvia Combination With Ivanhoe Capital Acquisition Corp. (NYSE: IVAN) \nThe international travel guidelines by IndiGo covers Dubai, Sharjah and Abu\nDhabi in UAE, Doha in Qatar, Kuwait City in Kuwait, Male in Maldives, Muscat\nin Oman, Dhaka in Bangladesh, and Colombo in Sr ...\n\n\nCopyright code : 74b4f1543c829f44efb15bd59671572e\n\n\nCopyright : ftp.academicroom.com\n\n\n \n\nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 448842, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='1' style='font-size:16px'>DESIGN FOR FLEXIBLE<br>& REPETITIVE FORMATS DEFINED</header>\n<br><header id='2' style='font-size:14px'>2</header>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:18px'>Multipage documents that require<br>consistency AND flexibility in content,<br>presentation, and organization.</h1>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:20px'>\u2014 Have a repeating page design or format</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2747965, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The maximum number of pages for a good document is 20. These documents<br>don\u2019t scare people away yet. A 20 page document can be read in less than one<br>hour, and the review can also be done in less than one hour. For many purposes 10<br>to 15 page documents are optimal. If documents require more than 20 pages the<br>recipe is simple: make it a compound document, so split the content in multiple<br>smaller documents.</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In large documents a natural split up is often directly visible.</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Large documents often violate a number of the requirements in 3. For instance,<br>the document is edited by a single person but written by multiple authors. Another<br>symptom of requirement violation is a document that is partly \ufb01nished and partly<br>in draft status (for instance\u201crequirements\u201d sections are written, while the \u201cdesign\u201d<br>is still in full motion).</p>\n<h1 id='95' style='font-size:22px'>6 Acknowledgements</h1>\n<p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Angelo Hulshout triggered me to \ufb01ll the the open ends in the requirements section.</p>\n<h1 id='97' style='font-size:22px'>References</h1>\n<p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>[1] Gerrit Muller. The system architecture homepage. http://www.<br>gaudisite.nl/index.html, 1999.</p>\n<h1 id='99' style='font-size:20px'>History</h1>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Version: 1.2, date: August 4, 2010 changed by: Gerrit Muller</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 textual adaptations<br>\u2022 changed some \ufb01gures with lists in the article into description lists<br>\u2022 changed status to concept<br>1.1, date: June 8, 2010 changed by: Gerrit Muller</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Version:</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 replaced lists by \ufb01gures</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Version: 1.0, date: May 18, 2004 changed by: Gerrit Muller</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Updated layout<br>\u2022 Updated \ufb01gures<br>\u2022 Added missing text and some more detailed requirements lists<br>\u2022 Added acknowledgements<br>0.4, date: August 7, 2002 changed by: Gerrit Muller</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Version:</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Abstract added</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Version: 0.2, date: October 22, 1999 changed by: Gerrit Muller</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Initial Version, no changelog maintained yet.</p>\n<footer id='110' style='font-size:14px'>Gerrit Muller<br>Granularity of Documentation<br>March 27, 2021 version: 1.2</footer>\n<br><footer id='111' style='font-size:18px'>USN-SE<br>page: 8</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If the sample needs to be measured in single-page format, but multiple sample submissions (each with unique identifiers) will require documentation over a new 5-page format, how could the pagination be adapted for efficient documentation and retrieval?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 815, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1925806, "type": "text", "content": "there used to. I'll be trying to avoid putting them into the code with\nexplicit linking just as much \nas I can - you will notice there is a little need for an easier to work around\nlibrary approach so I \nhave taken the opportunity to mention this and this method above. That doesn't\nstop here. Any \nnumber of library techniques can be used within and across compilers as many\ntimes as they \nwant. In many cases you will find it advantageous to just have one or two, or\nsometimes none at \nall, but just in case for the sake of avoiding problems in the long run (in\nother words making \nsure only one will catch you and never return again), and for use case when\nothers don't. (In \nthis particular tutorial you'll see how you should always be just keeping this\nkind of approach in \nmind as you create your projects, you'll also see how to have them built in a\nlibrary so that \nthey're easier to work with.) Here is a pretty simple example of this kind of\nusage: # Compile \nand test functions without using __future__ \u00e2\u20ac\u201d The compilers in any language\nwill do. (You \nmay even notice one of my own compiler's warnings is here.) This will require\nyou to make \nsome calls to C functions from C libraries. This is by no means limited to\nthat because some \nexamples in C are only just plain simple and will throw errors if called\ninside C functions as \nwell. However here are some easy implementations like this for the compilers\nyou would want \nrun with just one C library: p90x instructions pdf) [14:29] @Mikasa-Loki it's\nwhat we just told \nyou so we can use them for p3.exe! [14:29] @TheLolBosmo no [14:30] @YiLung\nthat will use my \nPC too [14:30] N0v5v2e im still too old (18) [29:44] @Bunny_FuDuff that is,\nwe're almost there \n[29:46] @Bunny_FuDuff we use pgn as our PC code on windows so if our machine\ngets broken \njust run wmw file manager on one piece [29:46] @DingGengWen [29:46] @MoB lol\ngimme those \n[29:46] @MoB you'll be alright now [29:47] @mocs how long is that going to\nhold? [29:47] \n@oomb1 lol man [29:47] @Olek I think it's going to be quite long [29:47]\n@Wibble it'll end in an \nhour [29:47] @rocksmog we can do it in under an hour, yeah [29:47]\n@winkiepieme so is it like 1 \nhour or 2 hours [29:47] @rocksmog maybe longer? to see if they need it to keep\nrunning on \nmacbook [29:47] @oomb1 no thats kind of annoying but they're going to know if\nits too long \nyou can fix as long as you don't patch the computer [29:47] Rabbit_678 2\nminutes, you just cant \npossibly download your games in under 3 hrs lol [29:47] @rocksmog 1 hour to\nwait for the \nmachine to stop running until we update our pixes for this day [29:47] @Waffle\nit doesnt even \ntake 2 minutes as the whole day [29:47] @rocksmog and with 5 days on that\n[29:47] @oomb1 \nyeah i mean he was just giving them a minute on his 3rd [29:48]\nthebiggestkurtz that was the \nsecond to last day they got that many [29:48] @rocksmog i think the guy was\nwaiting on his 2nd \n[29:48] @rocksmog that was 1 hour of waiting because the game did not start by\nthe end of 8 \nminutes [29:48] @winkiepieme we are playing the wrong software at the wrong\ntime [29:49] \ndantahalbrouozz that's a stupid answer [29:49] @rocksmog they may take more\n(9hrs) [29:49] \n@rocksmog and add more (2 more times) over time, so I would imagine a 5/3 day\nlong wait to \nget a computer done! [29:50] @ROWfizz theres a long term bug if only we did 1\nmore minute lol \n[29:50] @moobot its not like some of you guys use your 2nd pc now, just to\nwait for the \ncomputers to start [29:51] Rig_Buster not only the wrong computer, but your\ncurrent machines. \nwhat type of computer do you use to download games? PS4 or XBOX [29:51]\nRig_Buster well I \ncan play with my old Xbox for about 5 hours or so until my old computers have\na stable running \nand able to use it as i did using an Xbox. thats 4 1/3 days or so of trying to\nfigure out whats that \nOS they are actually running or something [29:51] @ROWfizz wait maybe maybe\n[29:51] \nRig_Buster i dont play alot for long atm :( [29:51] @Roobsmog so can you tell\nme what type of a \nprocessor should you use (3rd?) i wonder if you can run your game using one of\nyour machines \nlol [29:52] Rig_Buster in my experience [29:52] khanbeth we do our best to\ntake advantage of all \nof them [29:52] KelpieGuy if you want to have games that never run but that\nwill hopefully take \ncare of yourself [29:55] XavierOliveira the machine is running at 30hz! if you\ncan manage to add \nthat much for 1 minute so your PC not going to do problems then we dont want\npeople in the \ngaming community to be forced to start their machines at full power. [30:06]\n@rocks\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3501895, "type": "text", "content": "mobile with fast internet No matter the system (with fast internet) there are\ntwo reasons that \nconsumers love to share, whether they are mobile (internet speeds of 5\nGB/s/mb/s) or desktop. \nSo whether the desktop is a good choice that you can use for creating your\nbest app, you also \nknow how a good PC operating manual pdf? Here is a partial list: A \"Bag of\nPaper\" document \nwhich explains why the document needs to go through these steps. , but also\ncovers the whole \nprocess if required, but does not cover PDF, so a download of that is\nmandatory. See my article \non Adobe Acrobat PDF and the various ways to upgrade your own PDF in more\ndetail, on our \npage that shows you how to choose the right version of Microsoft Office and\nthe various ways \nto read PDF. operating manual pdf? Click here! If this sounds difficult and\nyou don't quite \nunderstand how to make a pdf, there are plenty of instructions, too, but this\ntutorial and our \nvideo would make the process of taking a pdf as easy as we do for beginners.\nIf you'd like \nfurther guidance, download our downloadable pdf tutorials. Make a pdf as fast\nas you can, or \nless slow than time allows. We advise you choose the time of day to build this\ntemplate. You'll \nknow if your printer has your printer's auto speed feature when the speed bar\non the right says \nthat speed should run at 40 kwh/s, not 55 kwh/s for the average user. Use as\nmany lines for \nthose pages as you want, then check the speed again. Click the 'Fast' icon on\nthe right of the \npage of your PDF project, or in the 'Slow' part of the 'Speed' table below.\nLet's assume that your \nvideo starts with about five minutes of slow speed before accelerating to 15 -\n18 kwh/s and at \n100k of motion (a 5-second acceleration of 1 m/second means 5.9 seconds). To\ndo this at the \nfastest possible pace we'll add a second acceleration to speed your video to\nabout a 3 second \nspeed change if possible. We'll do that if your video stops from 50 frames,\nbut don't consider \nthat for the entire video. And if you're at any speed change you could easily\ngo too short or too \nfast, for either of those things. Then in most web pages and PDF projects that\nwe put in our \ntemplate you'll save up to 2.1Mb in space when using the template. When\nbuilding an actual \nsite, make sure you want more than 2.2Mb in this amount, which is also one of\nthe most \nimportant and significant number we look at on our website. Doing this every\nday, or at least \nevery 6 months is hard. Making the template in 8.3Kd3 and this setting will\nprobably take over \n24 hours, a good 60 days to get here. So instead of downloading and building\nit right from the \nsource and doing the next few changes, use our built template to save space on\nyour site, or \nany PDF project you like to help out making. In the future, we'll be rolling\nout PDF automation \ninto more and more web browsers too. So check them out for more details. And\nif you'd like to \ntry out these options, you might also consider taking a look at our tutorials,\nwhich cover more \ngeneral guidelines like speed for speed (whereas most browsers only use the\nspeed of the \ndownload page speed button that was removed in version 0.5.5). For now though,\nwe think you \nwant something that will do the trick for you, for both speed and size. Do\nyour own calculations \nas you see fit, and you should be happy with your product's performance once\nthe project is \nover. Thanks for reading and don't forget to leave some comments at the\nbottom! Please like \nthis article, too! And leave some money to your local PayPal account if you\nwant a copy, too! If \nyou've got a comment you think we should make about a blog post, share in the\ncomment \nsections below! More resources: operating manual pdf? As of version 7.2 it is\nvery basic to \ndownload the following pdf: The \"Trouble with my TREE\" is for the following\nreasons:- You can \nuse the \"Grow a Trained Unicorn (B-tree)\" as your site builder, not as a real\none. Don't have any \n\"NIGHTSTAR\"? Well you can just find it on the internet for those who want: \ntrees.reddit.com/r/Trees/comments/5h54dz/btree/ You know what's sad when a\nperson asks you \nwhere you come from, what your roots are, what's your love life, who your\nreligion is, whether \nyour mother/dad knows someone's race, etc. And you've given them that answer\nof you know \nthey'll do anything, ask anything to go to heaven or hell, but not necessarily\nwhat a tree does as \na self preservation guide, guide, guide, guide. Do you know exactly what the\nroots on a tree \nare? This sort of question can often get very confusing and the only guide in\nthis whole issue \nmight as well be simply to ask \"are we actually in the right tree position for\nthis?\" because the \n\"Trouble\" can also answer that question in a very abstract manner - it can be\nin the order it \nseems you need to be in for it to happen. One approach can be to put your own\nbook or manual \nwhere it will be easy to read all by yourself. Do not hesitate to post if you\nhave any information \nand make a comment. Why do I have to give the answer as my own? Well one\nsolution that \nanyone and everyone has a problem with is having their own \"CARE of your \nhouse/garden/whatever\" or \"your own home\" (as well as the people you work\nfor/your company \nwork with) as we know from all of our problems. It doesn't matter how complex\na house may be \nbecause it isn't your only house and everyone knows it! It is something more\nthan just the way \nthat you will grow/exert. It doesn't depend all of other variables, it helps\nthat every person in \nyour household makes up their own home on his own (though maybe your sister\nhas one and \nmakes up her own, or has many, maybe a small set). So it makes a difference\nwhether you give \nthe correct answer right or wrong: you get the answer you should have when you\nare in need\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3247458, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>1. Patients arrive at a hospital accident and emergency department at random at a rate of<br>6 per hour.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>( a) Find the probability that, during any 90 minute period, the number of patients arriving at<br>the hospital accident and emergency department is</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>(i) exactly 7,</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>(ii) at least 10.</p>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:16px'>(5)</h1>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:16px'>A patient arrives at 11.30 a.m.</h1>\n<p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>( b) Find the probability that the next patient arrives before 11.45 a.m.</p>\n<br><caption id='25' style='font-size:16px'>(3)</caption>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2 . The length of time, in minutes, that a customer queues in a Post Office is a random<br>variable, T, with probability density function</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='equation'>$$\\mathbf{f}\\left(t\\right)={\\left\\{\\begin{array}{l l}{c{\\Big(}81-t^{2}{\\Big)}}&{0\\leq t\\leq9}\\\\ {0}&{0}&{{\\mathrm{otherwise}}}\\end{array}\\right.}$$</p>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:16px'>w here c is a constant.</h1>\n<p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1<br>( a) Show that the value of c is .<br>486</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(4)</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>(b) Show that the cumulative distribution function F(t) is given by</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='equation'>$$\\mathrm{F}\\bigl(t\\bigr)=\\left\\{\\frac{}{6}\\frac{0}{1458}\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;0\\leq t\\leq9\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;t>9\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;t>9\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;t>9\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;t>9\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;t>9\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;{{1}}{{\\binom{-}{{2}}{{\\cal}}{{\\sim}}{{{-1}}{{2}}{{1}}{{1}{{\\sim}}{{1}}{{{{1}}{{{{{1}}}{{2}}{1}{{{1}}{{1}{{2}{\\sim}{{{2}{}&{{{{2}}{{{1}{t>}}{1}{{1}{\\Bigl>9{1}}&{1}}}{{{{{{{{1}}&{{2}}}}}\\end{array}\\right\\}\\;\\;\\;\\;$$</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(2)</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>(c) Find the probability that a customer will queue for longer than 3 minutes.</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(2)</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A customer has been queuing for 3 minutes.</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>( d) Find the probability that this customer will be queuing for at least 7 minutes.</p>\n<br><caption id='38' style='font-size:16px'>(3)</caption>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T hree customers are selected at random.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>( e) Find the probability that exactly 2 of them had to queue for longer than 3 minutes.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(3)</p>\n<footer id='42' style='font-size:14px'>P43172A</footer>\n<br><footer id='43' style='font-size:16px'>2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1777955, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='31' style='font-size:20px'>Where To Download Junior Skill Builders<br>Spelling In 15 Minutes A Day</h1>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Wall Street Opens Lower as Chipmakers Sag on TSMC<br>Outlook; Dow Down 100 Pts<br>But for things like sourdough bread and home-cooked<br>meals there are some decent alternatives In that spell<br>last year when nothing was on ... the ingredients and<br>the skill is the best way to eat. There ...</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Still making your own sourdough and cooked-from-<br>scratch curries? Great if you are, but help is at hand if<br>not<br>When the Scripps National Spelling Bee was canceled<br>last year because of the pandemic, Avani Joshi didn\u2019t<br>Page 10/14</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2600673, "type": "text", "content": "Download File PDF Mins Service Manuals\n\n\nMins Service Manuals\n\n\n \n\nIf you ally dependence such a referred mins service manuals ebook that will\ncome up with the money for you worth, get the unquestionably best seller from\nus currently from several preferred authors. If you want to witty books, lots\nof novels, tale, jokes, and more fictions collections are next launched, from\nbest seller to one of the most current released.\n\n\nYou may not be perplexed to enjoy every books collections mins service manuals\nthat we will categorically offer. It is not in relation to the costs. It's not\nquite what you infatuation currently. This mins service manuals, as one of the\nmost in action sellers here will no question be along with the best options to\nreview.\n\n\nOn July 13, 2021, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a\nproposed rule that announces and solicits public comments on proposed policy\nchanges for Medicare payments under the ...\n\n\n \n\nMins Service Manuals\n\n\nCalendar Year (CY) 2022 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Proposed Rule\n\n\n \n\nEnergizing these smart devices in communities across the province has avoided\n20 million customer minutes of power interruptions. Currently, smart devices\nare deployed in 10% of Hydro One's service ...\n\n\nThe former Manual star, who transferred in the spring from Illinois to LSU,\nhad 12 points, two assists, three steals and four rebounds in 22 minutes. USA\nhung on to ... co-winners in recognition of ...\n\n\n \n\nHydro One Makes Smart Investments to Improve Power Reliability for Customers\n\n\nEminian: Ex-Manual, Illini star excels on world basketball stage, a coin flip\nfor a name, Cubs-Cards, Rivermen\n\n\n \n\nFor over 550 hours of research and thorough reviews of latest drones and\nconsultation with experts for skyline X drone reviews, we came up with this\npost about the skyline drone. There are lots of ...\n\n\nSkyline X Drone Reviews (Update): Do Not Buy Skyline Drone Until You Read\nThis!\n\n\n \n\nWe created this piece on the QuadAir Drone after more than 550 hours of\nresearch, extensive reviews of the latest drones, and consultation with\nspecialists for QuadAir Drone reviews. There are several ...\n\n\nQuadAir Drone Reviews 2021: Does Quad Air Drone Really Work?\n\n\n \n\nAt a recent Fayette County Commissioners\u2019 meeting, a resolution was signed\nthat adds \u201cJuneteenth\u201d as a holiday in the county personnel po ...\n\n\n\u2018Juneteenth\u2019 is now an official county holiday\n\n\n \n\nHighways England\u2019s Concrete Roads Centre of Excellence has published the first\nconcrete roads handbook in more than 30 years.\n\n\nHighways England updates concrete roads manual\n\n\n \n\nCurrently, drivers undergoing an in-station inspection need to go through\nmanual steps ... [hours-of-service] files and inspectors can complete\ninspections in a matter of minutes versus the ...\n\n\nDrivewyze Opens Enrollment for e-Inspections at Weigh Stations\n\n\n \n\nA new service promises to dramatically reduce the ... There is a tremendous\namount of inefficiency\u201d in what is now a manual process, Conley said. Record\nkeepers benefit from getting more ...\n\n\nNewcomer Benetic promises 401(k) quotes for advisers in minutes\n\n\n \n\nConversion.ai is a new AI-based digital marketing tool that will write high-\nquality blog posts for you in just minutes ... content that best describes\nyour service or product to your customer ...\n\n\nConversion.ai Review : Fake Or Legit AI-based Digital Marketing Tool?\n\n\n \n\nThat\u2019s what CBS\u2019 \u201c60 Minutes\u201d is famous for and why its viewers rely upon it.\nTo its credit, \u201c60 Minutes+\u201d (the new spinoff that runs on the Paramount+\nstreaming service) did approach ...\n\n\nWe\u2019ll Tell You What \u201c60 Minutes+\u201d Won\u2019t About How Transgender Movement\nEndangers Kids\n\n\n \n\n\u00a9 2021 Insider Inc. and finanzen.net GmbH (Imprint). All rights reserved.\nRegistration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of\nService and ...\n\n\nSMP Pharmacy and EngagedMD Launch MedReady, New Digital Fertility Injection\nTraining Program\n\n\n \n\nThis is no easy task for most retailers, as they don't have a business model\nsuited to making deliveries in several hours \u2014 let alone in minutes ...\ntypically operate manual micro-fulfillment ...\n\n\nThe recommended use is nine minutes daily, which is super convenient ... the\nextra-strength one, the user manual, charger cord, shade guide, and LED\nmouthpiece. The wireless system is a ...\n\n\n \n\nShould Grocery Retailers Offer On-Demand Delivery?\n\n\nIntrohive, a software-as-a-service (SaaS) customer relationship ... times drop\nin lead qualification when reps wait longer than 5 minutes to respond and a\n400% decrease when they respond within ...\n\n\n \n\nSNOW Teeth Whitening Reviews 2021: Read Before Buying\n\n\nIntrohive raises $100M to automate customer relationship management\n\n\n \n\n14 total violations, with 6 high-priority violations: -- High Priority -\nChlorine sanitizer not at proper minimum strength for manual warewashing ...\nBasic - Single-service articles improperly ...\n\n\nIn the video above, Moore shows the 60 Minutes team robots that could assist\nhumans in military operations, disaster response scenarios, and fields that\nrange from archeology to domestic service.\n\n\n \n\nMarion County restaurant inspections, June 7-12\n\n\nArtificial Intelligence, real-life applications\n\n\n \n\nSanders Lamont was Aerospace Writer for TODAY and the Gannett News Service\nduring the 1960s and ... astronaut Buzz Aldrin slightly less than 20 minutes\nlater. \u201cBeautiful, beautiful, beautiful.\n\n\nCopyright code : a9ff9812ce60d866ae515a4ddd4eba9c\n\n\nPage 1/1\n\n\nCopyright : waxahachiedailylight.com\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2689291, "type": "text", "content": "Where To \nDownload \nDozen Day Mini \nfor the student. \nEstimated reading \nBook \ntime (average \nreader): 1H39M35S \nA Dozen a day Mini \nBook download free \n[PDF and Ebook] by ... \nA Dozen A Day_ Book \n1 - Edna Mae \nBurnam.pdf \n[x4e6x3j6zmn3]. ... A \nDozen A Day_ Book 1 \n\\- Edna Mae \nPage 15/31\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 260336, "type": "text", "content": "# Download File PDF Sticker Book Toddler Blank Sticker Book 8 X 10 64 Pages\n\n\n# Sticker Book Toddler Blank Sticker Book 8 X 10 64 Pages\n\n\nin\n\n\n \n\nRecognizing the pretension ways to acquire this books sticker book toddler\nblank sticker book 8 x 10 64 pages is additionally useful. You have remained \nright site to begin getting this info. acquire the sticker book toddler blank\nsticker book 8 x 10 64 pages member that we meet the expense of here and check \nout the link.\n\n\nYou could buy guide sticker book toddler blank sticker book 8 x 10 64 pages or\nget it as soon as feasible. You could quickly download this sticker book \ntoddler blank sticker book 8 x 10 64 pages after getting deal. So, like you\nrequire the book swiftly, you can straight get it. It's so totally simple and\nhence \nfats, isn't it? 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The difficulty is tracking down exactly what you want in\nthe correct format, and avoiding anything poorly written or formatted. \nWe\u2019ve searched through the masses of sites to bring you the very best places\nto download free, high-quality ebooks with the minimum of hassle.\n\n\ni giardini di oltralpe guida alla francia del vino, acca p3 kaplan final\nessment answers, selinux system administration second edition, fitness\nmanagement \nthird edition kindle, playing with purpose: inside the lives and faith of the\nnfl's top new quarterbacks- sam bradford, colt mccoy, and tim tebow, sap ecc6 \ninstallation guide step by, english ages 5-7 (collins easy learning ks1),\nautomobile engineering vol 1 kirpal singh pdf, rethinking play and pedagogy in\nearly \nchildhood education by sue rogers, magics pawn the last herald mage, canon\npowershot a720is service manual parts catalog, the lotus and cross jesus talks \nwith buddha ravi zacharias, pearson education algebra 2 answers, open text\nwhite paper template, mercury mercruiser bravo sterndrives full service manual \nworkshop guide, 10 std sslc maths zen guide pdf free download, jay robb fat\nburning diet, chapter 27 postwar america, modern sociological theory george \nritzer 7th edition, united airlines company ysis, un sogno sulle punte,\nkawasaki zx600e troubleshooting manual, gang war, onenote: the ultimate guide\nto \nonenote - goals, time management & productivity, may 2013 9701 a level\nchemistry paper, kubota v1505 diesel engine parts, overcoming social anxiety\nand \nshyness 1st edition a self help guide using cognitive behavioral techniques\novercoming books, 5 1 practice form g answers geometry, where's wally? the \nincredible paper chase, information technology officer interview questions and\nanswers, the franchise fraud: how to protect yourself before and after you \ninvest, b d chaurasia human anatomy 6th edition, nissan diesel engine service\nmanual qd32\n\n\n# Copyright code : 9ad922ac988d1f25255b20d2aef4114d\n\n\nCopyright : raphael.tfo.org\n\n\n \nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2981391, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:16px'>u.s. Patent Jui. 17,2001 Sheet 10 of 12 US 6,263,364 BI</h1>\n<figure><img id='1' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"326\nSelect ready queue with minimal time value.\n(If no queue is ready, block the thread until\nthere is a queue that is ready.)\n330\nDownload document whose URL is at head of Queue 'i' ;\nMeasure download time;\nDequeue URL from Queue 'i';\n334\nIdentify and process URL's in document (See Fig. 12)\nExecute other procedures on document.\nDetermine priority level for next download of the document.\n3378\nReinsert queue element into the Frontier, in the priority\nlevel subqueue for the determined priority level.\n340\nNo Determine wait time for\nprocessing next URL in\nselected queue.\n342\nRemove Table entry for queue 'i'\nAdd selected queue to ordered\nset of queues waiting to be\nserviced (e.g., Heap 134)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(150,227); bottom-right:(1039,1413)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='2' style='font-size:20px'>FIG. 13</caption>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 714101, "type": "text", "content": "# \uf06c 30-minutes Average of Maximum / Minimum / Average\n\n\n \n\nOpen a saved file and then click the button (red circle) to confirm.\n\n\nPage 20 / 18\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 235894, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='66' style='font-size:22px'>RESEARCH</header>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>have already scheduled for a particular day, resulting in overbooking.<br>Our main strategy was to reduce the daily overbooking of patients<br>and ensure an even spread of booked patients through the day. While<br>the appointment scheduling worked as planned in some facilities, it<br>did not in others. Although we designed and distributed appointment<br>registers and trained people in their use in all the selected facilities,<br>implementation and outcome differed between facilities. As shown in<br>Fig. 3, three facilities failed to achieve a wider and more even spread<br>in patient arrival, recording significant increases in waiting time after</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='68' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"180\n(minutes) 150\ntime 120\nWaiting 90\n60\n10 20 30 40 50\nPatient load per nurse, n\" data-coord=\"top-left:(102,440); bottom-right:(589,727)\" /></figure>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Fig. 4. Fitted plot of waiting times according to facility patient load per nurse<br>(baseline).</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>the intervention. In contrast, two facilities achieved a wider and<br>more even distribution of patient arrival, leading to reduced waiting<br>time after the intervention. Several factors may have affected proper<br>implementation of the appointment scheduling system, one being<br>access to the facility using public transport. Some of the surveyed<br>facilities are located in places with poor access to public transport,<br>leaving patients depending on it only able to arrive during certain<br>window periods in the morning and only able to leave during<br>certain periods in the afternoon. Patients in these facilities will<br>therefore always arrive within a short time period in the morning,<br>regardless of their appointment time slot. Apart from access to public<br>transport, patient co\u00adoperation with the facility plan is required for<br>the scheduling system to work. In our intervention, appointment<br>scheduling was preceded by a 1\u00admonth period of patient education<br>and community engagement to obtain buy\u00adin. The process may<br>not have achieved similar success across all facilities, leading to<br>poor implementation of the appointment system. Research into the<br>implementation of the appointment scheduling system is necessary<br>to establish more comprehensive reasons for its lack of success.</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In addition to the effect our interventions could have had on<br>patient waiting time, it is important to note the significant role<br>patient load plays in determining the total time spent by a patient<br>in a facility. There is a positive correlation between patient load per<br>nurse and time spent by patients (r=0.418, n=1 576, p<0.0001). We<br>found a 26\u00adminute increase in total waiting time for each additional</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Table 2. Multivariable analysis of factors independently associated with waiting time</p>\n<br><table id='73' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">Before intervention</td><td colspan=\"3\">After intervention</td></tr><tr><td>Variable</td><td>B</td><td>p-value</td><td>95% CI</td><td>B</td><td>p-value</td><td>95% CI</td></tr><tr><td>Constant</td><td>48.806</td><td>0.000</td><td>24.603 \u00ad 73.009</td><td>19.573</td><td>0.098</td><td>\u20133.606 \u00ad 42.752</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\">Health service delivery stream, before</td></tr><tr><td>ANC</td><td>\u00a0 42.851</td><td>\u00a0 0.01</td><td>\u00a0 \u00a0 10.394 \u00ad 75.308</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>ART</td><td>1.031</td><td>0.915</td><td>\u201317.911 \u00ad 19.973</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Acute minor illness</td><td>25.921</td><td>0.018</td><td>4.443 \u00ad 47.399</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Child health curative</td><td>20.792</td><td>0.451</td><td>\u201333.327 \u00ad 74.912</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Chronic NCD</td><td>31.084</td><td>0.002</td><td>11.389 \u00ad 50.779</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Family planning</td><td>\u20131.2</td><td>0.965</td><td>\u201354.593 \u00ad 52.275</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>HCT</td><td>56.182</td><td>0</td><td>27.402 \u00ad 84.963</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Immunisation</td><td>25.645</td><td>0.059</td><td>\u20130.986 \u00ad 52.275</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>48.352</td><td>0.003</td><td>17.025 \u00ad 79.68</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>TB</td><td>\u201319.393</td><td>0.26</td><td>\u201353.185 \u00ad 14.399</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Dressing/injection</td><td>\u201328.64</td><td>0.437</td><td>\u2013100.98 \u00ad 43.7</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td>Well\u00adbaby clinic</td><td>40.019</td><td>0.2</td><td>\u201321.172 \u00ad 101.21</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\">Time of arrival</td></tr><tr><td><06h00</td><td>\u20135.357</td><td>0.022</td><td>\u20139.953 \u00ad \u20130.76</td><td>\u00a0 11.051</td><td>\u00a0 0.066</td><td>\u20130.736 \u00ad 22.838</td></tr><tr><td>06h00 \u00ad 08h00</td><td>\u201329.489</td><td>0</td><td>\u201344.121 \u00ad \u201314.856</td><td>20.117</td><td>0.011</td><td>4.716 \u00ad 35.518</td></tr><tr><td>10h00 \u00ad 12h00</td><td>\u20136.033</td><td>0.565</td><td>\u201326.619 \u00ad 14.554</td><td>\u201328.393</td><td>0.006</td><td>\u201348.760 \u00ad \u20138.025</td></tr><tr><td>12h00 \u00ad 14h00</td><td>\u201343.96</td><td>0.001</td><td>\u201369.532 \u00ad \u201318.387</td><td>\u20131.032</td><td>0.933</td><td>\u201325.286 \u00ad 23.221</td></tr><tr><td>14h00 \u00ad 16h00</td><td>\u201366.586</td><td>0.005</td><td>\u2013112.69 \u00ad \u201320.48</td><td>\u201343.471</td><td>0.041</td><td>\u201385.200 \u00ad \u20131.741</td></tr><tr><td>Patient load per nurse</td><td>2.62</td><td>0.000</td><td>1.996 \u00ad 3.245</td><td>4.033</td><td>0.000</td><td>3.389 \u00ad 4.677</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\">Health service delivery stream, after</td></tr><tr><td>Chronic</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u20138.332</td><td>0.290</td><td>\u201323.765 \u00ad 7.101</td></tr><tr><td>MNCWH</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>4.706</td><td>0.579</td><td>\u201311.936 \u00ad 21.349</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u00ad</td><td>\u201341.198</td><td>0.000</td><td>\u201363.779 \u00ad \u201318.617</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>B = unstandardised coefficient; CI = confidence interval; Constant = total time spent by patient during the visit; ANC = antenatal care; ART = antiretroviral therapy; NCD = non\u00adcommunicable<br>disease; HCT = HIV counselling and testing; TB = tuberculosis; MNCWH = maternal, newborn, child and women\u2019s health.</p>\n<footer id='75' style='font-size:18px'>316 April 2018, Vol. 108, No. 4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Assume that the downloading time for each PDF sticker book varies depending on the internet speed, ranging from 1 to 3 minutes. How would you decide the download sequence to minimize the total waiting time if you need to download and open three books urgently?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 817, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1643638, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='80' style='font-size:20px'>load charts</h1>\n<figure><img id='81' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(481,234); bottom-right:(514,272)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>89-142 ft 56 ft 27,200 lbs 360</p>\n<br><h1 id='83' style='font-size:18px'>15</h1>\n<br><table id='84' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"5\"></td><td colspan=\"5\">Pounds</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"5\"></td><td colspan=\"5\"></td></tr><tr><td>Feet</td><td></td><td colspan=\"4\">56' Hydraulic Bifold Swingaway</td><td colspan=\"5\">56' Hydraulic Bifold Swingaway</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"5\">5 Deg Fixed Offset Angle</td><td colspan=\"5\">40 Deg Fixed Offset Angle</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>89.3</td><td>102.4</td><td>115.5</td><td>128.6</td><td>141.8</td><td>89.3</td><td>102.4</td><td>115.5</td><td>128.6</td><td>141.8</td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>35</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>9,800</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>40</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>9,800</td><td>8,200</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>45</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>9,800</td><td>8,200</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>50</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>9,800</td><td>8,200</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>55</td><td>10,600</td><td>11,000</td><td>11,000</td><td>9,800</td><td>8,200</td><td>7,000</td><td>7,000</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>10,200</td><td>10,600</td><td>10,800</td><td>9,800</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,800</td><td>6,800</td><td>7,000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>65</td><td>9,600</td><td>10,000</td><td>10,200</td><td>9,800</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,600</td><td>6,800</td><td>6,800</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>70</td><td>9,200</td><td>9,600</td><td>9,800</td><td>9,600</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,600</td><td>6,600</td><td>6,600</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>75</td><td>8,800</td><td>9,200</td><td>9,400</td><td>9,600</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td></tr><tr><td>80</td><td>8,400</td><td>8,800</td><td>9,000</td><td>9,200</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td></tr><tr><td>85</td><td>8,000</td><td>8,400</td><td>8,800</td><td>8,800</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td></tr><tr><td>90</td><td>7,600</td><td>8,200</td><td>8,400</td><td>8,600</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td></tr><tr><td>95</td><td>7,400</td><td>7,800</td><td>8,200</td><td>8,200</td><td>8,200</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td></tr><tr><td>100</td><td>7,200</td><td>7,400</td><td>7,800</td><td>8,000</td><td>8,000</td><td>5,800</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td></tr><tr><td>105</td><td>6,800</td><td>7,200</td><td>7,200</td><td>7,600</td><td>7,380</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td><td>6,000</td></tr><tr><td>110</td><td>6,600</td><td>6,800</td><td>6,800</td><td>7,180</td><td>6,610</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td></tr><tr><td>115</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,400</td><td>6,490</td><td>5,920</td><td></td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td></tr><tr><td>120</td><td>6,120</td><td>6,200</td><td>6,200</td><td>5,860</td><td>5,290</td><td></td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td></tr><tr><td>125</td><td>5,800</td><td>6,000</td><td>5,760</td><td>5,290</td><td>4,720</td><td></td><td></td><td>5,800</td><td>5,800</td><td>5,660</td></tr><tr><td>130</td><td>5,600</td><td>5,600</td><td>5,240</td><td>4,760</td><td>4,200</td><td></td><td></td><td>5,750</td><td>5,450</td><td>5,040</td></tr><tr><td>135</td><td></td><td>5,260</td><td>4,750</td><td>4,280</td><td>3,720</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4,870</td><td>4,470</td></tr><tr><td>140</td><td></td><td>4,810</td><td>4,310</td><td>3,840</td><td>3,280</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4,330</td><td>3,940</td></tr><tr><td>145</td><td></td><td></td><td>3,900</td><td>3,430</td><td>2,870</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3,450</td></tr><tr><td>150</td><td></td><td></td><td>3,520</td><td>3,050</td><td>2,490</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2,980</td></tr><tr><td>155</td><td></td><td></td><td>3,170</td><td>2,700</td><td>2,140</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>160</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2,370</td><td>1,810</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>165</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2,070</td><td>1,510</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>170</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1,780</td><td>1,220</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<figure><img id='85' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(272,883); bottom-right:(306,916)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='86' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(375,882); bottom-right:(412,913)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='87' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(481,884); bottom-right:(514,933)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='88' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(582,884); bottom-right:(614,915)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='89' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"89-142 ft 72 ft 27,200 lbs 360\n(16+56 ft)\nPounds\nFeet\n5 Deg Fixed Offset Angle 40 Deg Fixed Offset Angle\n89.3 102.4 115.5 128.6 141.8 89.3 102.4 115.5 128.6 141.8\n35 11,000\n40 11,000 10,800 9,800\n45 11,000 10,800 9,800 8,000\n50 11,000 10,600 9,800 8,000 6,600\n55 10,600 10,400 9,600 8,000 6,600\n60 10,200 10,200 9,600 8,000 6,600 6,800\n65 9,600 9,800 9,400 8,000 6,600 6,600\n70 9,200 9,400 9,200 8,000 6,600 6,600 6,600 6,600\n75 8,800 9,000 9,000 8,000 6,600 6,400 6,400 6,400 6,400 6,200\n80 8,400 8,600 8,600 8,000 6,600 6,200 6,400 6,400 6,400 6,200\n85 8,000 8,400 8,400 8,000 6,600 6,200 6,200 6,200 6,200 6,200\n90 7,800 8,000 8,000 7,800 6,600 6,000 6,200 6,200 6,200 6,200\n95 7,400 7,600 7,800 7,600 6,600 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,200 6,000\n100 7,200 7,400 7,600 7,400 6,600 5,800 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000\n105 6,800 7,200 7,160 7,160 6,600 5,800 5,800 6,000 6,000 6,000\n110 6,600 6,730 6,390 6,380 6,400 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800\n115 6,400 6,030 5,800 6,000 5,840 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800\n120 6,190 5,400 5,400 5,780 5,210 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800 5,800\n125 5,610 5,000 5,200 5,200 4,630 5,800 5,570 5,390 5,490 5,600\n130 5,080 4,800 4,800 4,670 4,110 4,930 5,200 5,200 5,080\n135 4,600 4,600 4,600 4,190 3,620 4,800 5,000 4,920 4,500\n140 4,150 4,400 4,200 3,740 3,180 4,730 4,390 3,970\n145 4,000 4,200 3,800 3,330 2,770 4,230 3,900 3,480\n150 3,800 3,930 3,420 2,940 2,380 3,440 3,020\n155 3,570 3,060 2,590 2,030 3,010 2,600\n160 3,240 2,730 2,260 1,700 2,190\n165 2,420 1,950 1,390 1,810\n170 2,130 1,660 1,100\n175 1,870 1,390\n180 1,140\" data-coord=\"top-left:(163,914); bottom-right:(1119,1499)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='90' style='font-size:16px'>THIS CHART IS ONLY A GUIDE AND SHOULD NOT BE USED TO OPERATE THE CRANE. The individual crane\u2019s load chart,<br>operating instructions and other instructional plates must be read and understood prior to operating the crane.</footer>\n<br><footer id='91' style='font-size:22px'>TMS900E</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124214, "type": "text", "content": "# COMPARISON CHART\n\n\n# HUB-STYLE GROUND BLINDS\n\n\nPRO SERIES THERMAL\u2122\n\n\n \n\nAMEBF1009 AMEBL3036\n\n\n \n\nPRO SERIES EXTREME VIEW\u2122\n\n\n \n\n# COMPARISON CHART\n\n\nSILENT BRICKHOUSE\u2122 \nAMEBL3002 | AMEBF3007\n\n\n \n\nBRICKHOUSE\u2122 \nAMEBL3001 | AMEBF3001\n\n\nCARE TAKER\u2122 MAGNUM\n\n\n \n\nAMEBL3000 | AMEBF3000 AMEBL3016 AMEBL3016\n\n\nCARE TAKER\u2122 KICK-OUT\n\n\nCARE TAKER\u2122 RUN & GUN\n\n\n \n\nCARE TAKER\u2122 \nAMEBL3000 | AMEBF3000\n\n\n \n\n# SPRING STEEL GROUND BLINDS\n\n\nDOGHOUSE\u2122 \nAMEBL1002 | AMEBF1000\n\n\n \n\nDOGHOUSE\u2122 RUN & GUN \nAMEBL1002 | AMEBF1000\n\n\nAMEBL1001\n\n\n \n\nOUTHOUSE\u2122\n\n\n \n\nGUNNER\u2122 \nAMEBL1000\n\n\n# TENT CHAIR BLINDS\n\n\n2P TENT CHAIR\u2122 BLIND\n\n\n \n\nAMEBL2001\n\n\n \n\n1P TENT CHAIR\u2122 BLIND \nAMEBL2000 | AMEBF2000\n\n\nA M E R I S T E P . C O M\n\n\n \n\n122\n\n\n \n123\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1643653, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='34' style='font-size:20px'>load charts</h1>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>37 - 142 ft 12,900 lbs 360</p>\n<br><figure><img id='36' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(398,228); bottom-right:(429,267)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='37' style='font-size:18px'>24</h1>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='38' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Fixed lengths\nPounds\nFeet 36.8 49.9 63.0 76.1 89.3 102.4 115.5 128.6 141.8\n10 155,000 136,000 129,000 123,000 81,000\n15 109,500 111,000 105,000 99,000 81,000 59,000\n20 79,450 81,850 82,100 80,800 81,000 57,000 42,400 34,000\n25 57,750 61,000 62,050 61,900 60,600 51,000 42,400 34,000 26,600\n30 47,500 48,500 48,300 47,100 46,000 39,600 33,800 26,600\n35 36,300 37,450 37,350 38,600 37,700 35,700 32,000 26,600\n40 29,950 31,200 31,000 30,200 30,500 28,900 26,600\n45 24,700 25,750 25,600 25,900 25,100 24,950 24,300\n50 20,500 21,550 21,600 21,700 21,250 20,750 20,150\n55 18,250 18,300 18,450 17,950 17,500 16,900\n60 15,650 15,700 15,800 15,350 14,900 14,300\n65 13,500 13,600 13,700 13,250 12,800 12,250\n70 11,850 11,950 11,500 11,150 10,600\n75 10,400 10,550 10,100 9,730 9,160\n80 9,310 8,890 8,480 7,920\n85 8,200 7,810 7,410 6,860\n90 7,240 6,870 6,480 5,920\n95 6,030 5,660 5,110\n100 5,280 4,930 4,380\n105 4,280 3,740\n110 3,680 3,160\n115 3,140 2,640\n120 2,160\n125 1,720\n130 1,320\" data-coord=\"top-left:(149,278); bottom-right:(1106,669)\" /></figure>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>89-142 ft</p>\n<br><figure><img id='40' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"33 ft\" data-coord=\"top-left:(271,714); bottom-right:(307,759)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='41' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"12,900 lbs\" data-coord=\"top-left:(371,715); bottom-right:(416,759)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='42' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"100%\" data-coord=\"top-left:(481,716); bottom-right:(514,760)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>360</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3263632, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='0' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Model</td><td>Capacity</td><td>Tanks</td><td>Length</td><td>Outside Width</td><td>Inside Width</td><td>Bunk Rails</td><td>Water Depth (Minimum)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">6000-420</td><td rowspan=\"2\">6000 Lbs 2722kg</td><td>4</td><td>14' / 4.27m</td><td>10' / 3.05m</td><td>7' 4\" / 2.24m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"30\">8000-427 9000-620 12000-627 12000-820</td><td rowspan=\"3\">8000 Lbs 3629kg</td><td></td><td></td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>18' / 5.49m</td><td>10' / 3.05m</td><td>7' 4\" / 2.24m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">9000 Lbs 4082kg</td><td></td><td></td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>18' / 5.49m</td><td>11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>13' / 3.96</td><td>10' 4\" / 3.15m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">12000 Lbs 5443kg</td><td></td><td></td><td>14' / 4.27</td><td>11' 4\" / 3.45m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>18' / 5.49m</td><td>11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>13' / 3.96</td><td>10' 4\" / 3.15m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>14' / 4.27</td><td>11' 4\" / 3.45m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 18' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">12000 Lbs 5443kg</td><td>8</td><td>24' / 7.32m</td><td>11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\"></td><td></td><td></td><td>13' / 3.96m</td><td>10' 4\" / 3.15m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>14' / 4.27m</td><td>11' 4\" / 3.45m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>15' / 4.57m</td><td>12' 4\" / 3.76m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">16000 Lbs 7257kg</td><td></td><td></td><td>16' / 4.88m</td><td>13' 4\" / 4.06m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>23\" / 0.58m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>24' / 7.32m</td><td>11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\">(Up to 25,000 lbs./9525kg)</td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>13' / 3.96m</td><td>10' 4\" / 3.15m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>14' / 4.27m</td><td>11' 4\" / 3.45m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum 2</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"></td><td></td><td></td><td>15' / 4.57m</td><td>12' 4\" / 3.76m</td><td>- 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>16' / 4.88m</td><td>13' 4\" / 4.06m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 14' Aluminum 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td>20000 Lbs 20000-1027 10</td><td>2</td><td>30' /</td><td>9.14m 11' / 3.35m</td><td>8' 4\" / 2.54m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 20' Aluminum 9072kg - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>30\" / 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\">2 (Up to 25,000+ lbs./11340kg)</td><td>12' / 3.66m</td><td>9' 4\" / 2.84m</td><td>- 2.75\" x 8\" x 20' Aluminum 30\" 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>/ 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\">for Details</td><td>13' / 3.96m</td><td>10' 4\" / 3.15m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 20' Aluminum Call 30\" 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>/ 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>14' / 4.27m</td><td>11' 4\" / 3.45m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 20' Aluminum 30\" 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum 2</td><td>/ 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>15' / 4.57m</td><td>12' 4\" / 3.76m</td><td>16000-827 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 20' Aluminum 30\" 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10' Aluminum</td><td>/ 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>16' / 4.88m</td><td>13' 4\" / 4.06m</td><td>2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 20' Aluminum 30\" 2 - 2.75\" x 8\" x 10'</td><td>/ 0.76m + Dra\ufffd</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124215, "type": "text", "content": "# ACCESSORIES\n\n\n \n\nNEW\n\n\n \n\n# 360 BLIND CHAIR\n\n\n# TRIPOD STOOL\n\n\n \n\nTRIPOD SWIVEL STOOL\n\n\n\\+ + +\n\n\n \n\n\\+ + +\n\n\n \n\nDurable powder-coated steel frame \nHeavy-duty, weather-resistant fabric \nFolds for easy transport\n\n\n \n\n\\+ + +\n\n\n \n\nDurable powder-coated steel frame \nHeavy-duty, weather-resistant fabric \nFolds for easy transport\n\n\nAMEFT1015 UPC 7 69524 00150 3\n\n\n \n\nAMEFT1010 UPC 7 69524 00104 6\n\n\n \n\n360-degree swivel seat \nHeavy-duty, weather-resistant fabric \nFolds for easy transport\n\n\nAMEFT1011 UPC 7 69524 00106 0\n\n\n# BLIND CHAIR\n\n\n# HIGH-BACK CHAIR\n\n\n\\+ +\n\n\n \n\n# EASYBACK LUMBAR\n\n\nDurable powder-coated steel frame \nHeavy-duty, weather-resistant fabric \nFolds for easy transport\n\n\n \n\n\\+ +\n\n\n \n\n\\+ +\n\n\n \n\nDurable powder-coated steel frame \nHeavy-duty, weather-resistant fabric \nFolds for easy transport\n\n\nAMEFT1013 UPC 7 69524 00126 8\n\n\n \n\nAMEFT1014 UPC 7 69524 00128 2\n\n\n \n\n\\+ Perfect for turkey hunts or tree stands without a backrest \n\\+ Helps hunters stay alert for longer hunts\n\n\nA M E R I S T E P . C O M\n\n\n \n\nAMEAC0205 UPC 7 69524 00124 4\n\n\n \n124\n\n\n \n125\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124212, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# SPRING STEEL \nGROUND BLINDS\n\n\n# DOGHOUSE\u2122\n\n\n \n\nDOGHOUSE\u2122 RUN & GUN\n\n\n\\+ Shoot-through mesh porthole covers included +\n\n\n \n\n\\+ Durashell\u2122 Plus fabric shell with matte finish +\n\n\n \n\n\\+ ShadowGuard\u2122 coating eliminates shadows and silhouettes +\n\n\n \n\n\\+ Patented Break-Up Country\u00ae trim breaks up hard edges for a fully brushed-in\nlook\n\n\n \n\nLightweight, compact design for portable concealment \nDurashell\u2122 Plus fabric shell with matte finish \nShadowGuard\u2122 coating eliminates shadows and silhouettes\n\n\nFOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT\n\n\n \n\n60 in. x 60 in. 60 in. x 60 in.\n\n\n \n\nWEIGHT PACK SIZE SHOOTING WIDTH HEIGHT WEIGHT PACK SIZE SHOOTING WIDTH HEIGHT\n\n\n \n\n12 lbs. 2 in. x 24 in. 60 in. 66 in. 10 lbs. 2 in. x 24 in. 55 in. 62 in.\n\n\nAMEBL1010 UPC 7 69524 00132 9\n\n\n \n\n# OUTHOUSE\u2122\n\n\n \n\n# GUNNER\u2122\n\n\nTall enough to stand in\n\n\n \n\n\\+ +\n\n\n \n\n\\+ +\n\n\n \n\nDurashell\u2122 Plus fabric shell with matte finish \nShadowGuard\u2122 coating eliminates shadows and silhouettes \nPatented Break-Up Country\u00ae trim breaks up hard edges for a fully brushed-in\nlook\n\n\n \n\n+\n\n\n \n\nDurashell\u2122 Plus fabric shell with matte finish \nShadowGuard\u2122 coating eliminates shadows and silhouettes\n\n\n+\n\n\nFOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT\n\n\n \n\n60 in. x 60 in. 58 in. x 56 in.\n\n\n \n\nWEIGHT PACK SIZE SHOOTING WIDTH HEIGHT WEIGHT PACK SIZE SHOOTING WIDTH\nDIMENSIONS\n\n\n9 lbs. 2 in. x 27 in. N/A 78 in. 4.5 lbs. 2 in. x 23 in. N/A 58 in. x 56 in. x\n57 in.\n\n\nAMEBL1006 UPC 7 69524 91664 7 AMEBL1008 UPC 7 69524 00123 7\n\n\n*U.S. Patent 7,225,823\n\n\n \n\n2-PERSON TENT CHAIR\u2122 BLIND 1-PERSON TENT CHAIR\u2122 BLIND\n\n\nA M E R I S T E P . C O M\n\n\n118\n\n\n \n\n*U.S. Patent 8,042,865\n\n\n119\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1693983, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='100' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td colspan=\"2\">44 - 197 ft. (13.5 - 60.0 m)</td><td>138,800 lbs. (63,000 kg)</td><td>100% 27\u201911\u201d Spread</td><td colspan=\"8\">360\u00b0</td></tr><tr><td>Radius</td><td colspan=\"11\">Boom Extension Pounds (thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>Feet</td><td>44</td><td>60</td><td>75</td><td>90</td><td>105</td><td>121</td><td>136</td><td>151</td><td>166</td><td>182</td><td>197</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">9 440.0\u2020/420.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>406.0</td><td>340.0</td><td>260.0</td><td>189.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>308.0</td><td>298.0</td><td>258.0</td><td>189.0</td><td>153.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>254.0</td><td>246.0</td><td>232.0</td><td>187.0</td><td>153.0</td><td>121.0</td><td>92.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>210.0</td><td>210.0</td><td>202.0</td><td>174.0</td><td>150.0</td><td>121.0</td><td>87.0</td><td>68.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>169.0</td><td>178.0</td><td>175.0</td><td>155.0</td><td>137.0</td><td>118.0</td><td>82.0</td><td>65.0</td><td>56.0</td><td>45.0</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>35</td><td></td><td>148.0</td><td>145.0</td><td>138.0</td><td>123.0</td><td>109.0</td><td>76.0</td><td>63.0</td><td>54.0</td><td>44.0</td><td>38.8</td></tr><tr><td>40</td><td></td><td>126.0</td><td>122.0</td><td>123.0</td><td>112.0</td><td>99.0</td><td>73.0</td><td>61.0</td><td>52.0</td><td>43.0</td><td>38.4</td></tr><tr><td>45</td><td></td><td>108.0</td><td>105.0</td><td>107.0</td><td>102.0</td><td>90.0</td><td>66.0</td><td>59.0</td><td>50.0</td><td>42.2</td><td>37.4</td></tr><tr><td>50</td><td></td><td></td><td>92.0</td><td>94.0</td><td>93.0</td><td>83.0</td><td>61.0</td><td>56.0</td><td>49.0</td><td>41.0</td><td>36.4</td></tr><tr><td>55</td><td></td><td></td><td>81.0</td><td>83.0</td><td>85.0</td><td>77.0</td><td>57.0</td><td>51.0</td><td>47.0</td><td>39.8</td><td>35.4</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>73.0</td><td>76.0</td><td>72.0</td><td>54.0</td><td>47.0</td><td>43.8</td><td>38.4</td><td>34.4</td></tr><tr><td>65</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>66.0</td><td>68.0</td><td>66.0</td><td>51.0</td><td>42.4</td><td>40.0</td><td>36.8</td><td>33.4</td></tr><tr><td>70</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>61.0</td><td>61.0</td><td>62.0</td><td>48.0</td><td>39.4</td><td>37.2</td><td>35.4</td><td>32.4</td></tr><tr><td>75</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>57.0</td><td>56.0</td><td>58.0</td><td>45.0</td><td>36.4</td><td>34.4</td><td>33.2</td><td>31.4</td></tr><tr><td>80</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>50.0</td><td>53.0</td><td>42.8</td><td>34.4</td><td>31.8</td><td>30.8</td><td>30.0</td></tr><tr><td>85</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>46.0</td><td>48.0</td><td>41.0</td><td>33.0</td><td>30.0</td><td>28.6</td><td>28.0</td></tr><tr><td>90</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>43.0</td><td>43.0</td><td>39.2</td><td>31.4</td><td>28.0</td><td>26.4</td><td>26.0</td></tr><tr><td>95</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>40.0</td><td>37.4</td><td>29.8</td><td>26.4</td><td>24.4</td><td>24.0</td></tr><tr><td>100</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>36.6</td><td>35.6</td><td>28.4</td><td>25.0</td><td>22.4</td><td>22.4</td></tr><tr><td>105</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>34.4</td><td>27.2</td><td>23.6</td><td>21.2</td><td>21.0</td></tr><tr><td>110</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>32.8</td><td>26.2</td><td>22.2</td><td>19.8</td><td>19.8</td></tr><tr><td>115</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>30.2</td><td>25.0</td><td>20.8</td><td>18.6</td><td>18.6</td></tr><tr><td>120</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>24.0</td><td>19.6</td><td>17.4</td><td>17.4</td></tr><tr><td>125</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>22.8</td><td>18.6</td><td>16.4</td><td>16.4</td></tr><tr><td>130</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>21.6</td><td>17.8</td><td>15.4</td><td>15.4</td></tr><tr><td>135</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>20.8</td><td>17.0</td><td>14.6</td><td>14.6</td></tr><tr><td>140</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>16.2</td><td>14.0</td><td>13.8</td></tr><tr><td>145</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>15.4</td><td>13.2</td><td>13.0</td></tr><tr><td>150</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>14.8</td><td>12.6</td><td>12.4</td></tr><tr><td>155</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12.0</td><td>11.6</td></tr><tr><td>160</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>11.6</td><td>11.0</td></tr><tr><td>165</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10.4</td></tr><tr><td>170</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>9.80</td></tr><tr><td>175</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>9.20</td></tr><tr><td>180</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>8.60</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2020 440,000 lbs is a Comparative Rating.<br>Lifting capacities greater than 350,000 lbs require additional equipment.<br>Note: Above char t also available with reduced outr iggers.</p>\n<figure><img id='102' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(233,802); bottom-right:(272,836)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Boom Counterweight Outriggers</p>\n<br><figure><img id='104' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(354,802); bottom-right:(388,838)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Rotation</p>\n<p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>94,700 lbs. 100%</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>44 - 197 ft.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='108' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(471,803); bottom-right:(504,834)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>360\u00b0</p>\n<br><table id='110' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>(13.5 - 60.0 m)</td><td></td><td>(43,000 kg)</td><td>27\u201911\u201d Spread</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"11\">Radius Boom Extension Pounds (thousands)</td></tr><tr><td>Feet</td><td>44</td><td>60</td><td>75</td><td>90</td><td>105</td><td>121</td><td>136</td><td>151</td><td>166</td><td>182</td><td>197</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>440.0\u2020/420.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>406.0</td><td>340.0</td><td>260.0</td><td>189.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>308.0</td><td>298.0</td><td>258.0</td><td>189.0</td><td>153.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>254.0</td><td>246.0</td><td>232.0</td><td>187.0</td><td>153.0</td><td>121.0</td><td>92.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>196.0</td><td>198.0</td><td>194.0</td><td>174.0</td><td>150.0</td><td>121.0</td><td>87.0</td><td>68.0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>155.0</td><td>157.0</td><td>154.0</td><td>155.0</td><td>137.0</td><td>118.0</td><td>82.0</td><td>65.8</td><td>56.0</td><td>45.0</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>35</td><td></td><td>130.0</td><td>127.0</td><td>129.0</td><td>123.0</td><td>109.0</td><td>76.0</td><td>63.0</td><td>54.0</td><td>44.0</td><td>38.8</td></tr><tr><td>40</td><td></td><td>111.0</td><td>107.0</td><td>109.0</td><td>111.0</td><td>99.0</td><td>71.0</td><td>61.0</td><td>52.0</td><td>43.0</td><td>38.4</td></tr><tr><td>45</td><td></td><td>96.0</td><td>91.0</td><td>93.0</td><td>96.0</td><td>90.0</td><td>65.0</td><td>59.0</td><td>50.0</td><td>42.2</td><td>37.4</td></tr><tr><td>50</td><td></td><td></td><td>77.0</td><td>79.0</td><td>82.0</td><td>83.0</td><td>61.0</td><td>56.0</td><td>49.0</td><td>41.0</td><td>36.4</td></tr><tr><td>55</td><td></td><td></td><td>65.0</td><td>67.0</td><td>70.0</td><td>72.0</td><td>57.0</td><td>51.0</td><td>47.0</td><td>39.8</td><td>35.4</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>62.0</td><td>64.0</td><td>63.0</td><td>54.0</td><td>47.0</td><td>43.8</td><td>38.4</td><td>34.4</td></tr><tr><td>65</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>57.0</td><td>57.0</td><td>56.0</td><td>51.0</td><td>42.4</td><td>40.0</td><td>36.8</td><td>33.4</td></tr><tr><td>70</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>52.0</td><td>51.0</td><td>49.0</td><td>48.0</td><td>39.4</td><td>37.2</td><td>35.4</td><td>32.4</td></tr><tr><td>75</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>46.0</td><td>46.0</td><td>44.0</td><td>45.0</td><td>36.4</td><td>34.4</td><td>33.2</td><td>31.4</td></tr><tr><td>80</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>41.0</td><td>39.4</td><td>41.4</td><td>34.4</td><td>31.8</td><td>30.8</td><td>30.0</td></tr><tr><td>85</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>36.8</td><td>37.4</td><td>37.2</td><td>33.0</td><td>30.0</td><td>28.6</td><td>28.0</td></tr><tr><td>90</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>33.2</td><td>35.2</td><td>33.6</td><td>31.4</td><td>28.0</td><td>26.4</td><td>26.0</td></tr><tr><td>95</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>32.0</td><td>30.4</td><td>29.8</td><td>26.4</td><td>24.4</td><td>24.0</td></tr><tr><td>100</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>29.2</td><td>27.6</td><td>28.4</td><td>25.0</td><td>22.4</td><td>22.4</td></tr><tr><td>105</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>25.0</td><td>26.0</td><td>23.6</td><td>21.2</td><td>21.0</td></tr><tr><td>110</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>23.2</td><td>23.8</td><td>22.2</td><td>19.8</td><td>19.8</td></tr><tr><td>115</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>22.0</td><td>21.8</td><td>20.8</td><td>18.6</td><td>18.6</td></tr><tr><td>120</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>20.0</td><td>19.6</td><td>17.2</td><td>17.4</td></tr><tr><td>125</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>18.2</td><td>18.6</td><td>16.2</td><td>16.4</td></tr><tr><td>130</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>16.8</td><td>17.0</td><td>15.4</td><td>15.4</td></tr><tr><td>135</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>15.4</td><td>15.6</td><td>14.6</td><td>14.0</td></tr><tr><td>140</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>14.4</td><td>13.8</td><td>12.8</td></tr><tr><td>145</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>13.2</td><td>12.6</td><td>11.6</td></tr><tr><td>150</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12.0</td><td>11.6</td><td>10.4</td></tr><tr><td>155</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10.4</td><td>9.4</td></tr><tr><td>160</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>9.60</td><td>8.4</td></tr><tr><td>165</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>7.6</td></tr><tr><td>170</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6.8</td></tr><tr><td>175</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6.0</td></tr><tr><td>180</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5.2</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2020 440,000 lbs is a Comparative Rating.<br>Lifting capacities greater than 350,000 lbs require additional equipment.<br>Note: Above char t also available with reduced outr iggers.</p>\n<footer id='112' style='font-size:18px'>THIS CHART IS ONLY A GUIDE AND SHOULD NOT BE USED TO OPERATE THE CRANE. The individual crane's load chart, operating instructions and other instructional plates must be read and understood prior to operating the crane.</footer>\n<br><footer id='113' style='font-size:22px'>6</footer>\n<br><footer id='114' style='font-size:22px'>GMK6220</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1643632, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='47' style='font-size:20px'>load charts</h1>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>89-142 ft 33 ft 360</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>31,500 lbs</p>\n<br><h1 id='50' style='font-size:18px'>12</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Pounds</p>\n<br><table id='52' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Feet</td><td colspan=\"5\">33' Manual Offset Bi-Fold Swingaway</td><td colspan=\"5\">33' Manual Offset Bi-Fold Swingaway</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"5\">0 Deg Fixed Offset Angle</td><td colspan=\"5\">40 Deg Fixed Offset Angle</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>89.3</td><td>102.4</td><td>115.5</td><td>128.6</td><td>141.8</td><td>89.3</td><td>102.4</td><td>115.5</td><td>128.6</td><td>141.8</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>22,000</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>22,000</td><td>22,000</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>22,000</td><td>22,000</td><td>22,000</td><td>17,800</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>35</td><td>22,000</td><td>22,000</td><td>21,800</td><td>17,800</td><td>13,600</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>40</td><td>22,000</td><td>22,000</td><td>21,400</td><td>17,800</td><td>13,600</td><td>14,000</td><td>14,200</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>45</td><td>21,600</td><td>22,000</td><td>21,000</td><td>17,800</td><td>13,600</td><td>13,600</td><td>13,800</td><td>13,800</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>50</td><td>19,800</td><td>21,000</td><td>20,400</td><td>17,800</td><td>13,600</td><td>13,200</td><td>13,400</td><td>13,600</td><td>13,600</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>55</td><td>18,400</td><td>19,400</td><td>19,800</td><td>17,200</td><td>13,600</td><td>12,800</td><td>13,000</td><td>13,200</td><td>13,200</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>17,400</td><td>18,200</td><td>18,600</td><td>16,600</td><td>13,600</td><td>12,400</td><td>12,600</td><td>12,800</td><td>13,000</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>65</td><td>16,400</td><td>17,200</td><td>17,200</td><td>15,800</td><td>13,600</td><td>12,000</td><td>12,200</td><td>12,400</td><td>12,800</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>70</td><td>15,600</td><td>15,950</td><td>15,650</td><td>15,000</td><td>13,600</td><td>11,600</td><td>11,800</td><td>12,000</td><td>12,600</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>75</td><td>14,600</td><td>14,100</td><td>13,800</td><td>14,000</td><td>13,000</td><td>11,400</td><td>11,600</td><td>11,600</td><td>12,200</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>80</td><td>13,400</td><td>12,500</td><td>12,200</td><td>12,400</td><td>12,000</td><td>11,200</td><td>11,400</td><td>11,600</td><td>11,800</td><td>11,400</td></tr><tr><td>85</td><td>12,000</td><td>11,200</td><td>10,900</td><td>11,200</td><td>11,200</td><td>11,200</td><td>11,200</td><td>11,400</td><td>11,400</td><td>11,200</td></tr><tr><td>90</td><td>10,850</td><td>10,000</td><td>9,800</td><td>10,400</td><td>10,250</td><td>11,000</td><td>10,750</td><td>10,650</td><td>10,900</td><td>10,800</td></tr><tr><td>95</td><td>9,790</td><td>9,200</td><td>9,000</td><td>9,600</td><td>9,190</td><td></td><td>9,550</td><td>9,460</td><td>9,800</td><td>10,100</td></tr><tr><td>100</td><td>9,000</td><td>8,600</td><td>8,200</td><td>8,830</td><td>8,240</td><td></td><td>8,800</td><td>8,600</td><td>9,400</td><td>9,060</td></tr><tr><td>105</td><td>8,600</td><td>8,200</td><td>7,800</td><td>7,980</td><td>7,390</td><td></td><td></td><td>8,200</td><td>8,580</td><td>8,120</td></tr><tr><td>110</td><td>8,290</td><td>7,800</td><td>7,400</td><td>7,210</td><td>6,620</td><td></td><td></td><td>7,600</td><td>7,730</td><td>7,270</td></tr><tr><td>115</td><td></td><td>7,520</td><td>6,990</td><td>6,510</td><td>5,910</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6,950</td><td>6,490</td></tr><tr><td>120</td><td></td><td>6,890</td><td>6,350</td><td>5,870</td><td>5,280</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6,240</td><td>5,780</td></tr><tr><td>125</td><td></td><td></td><td>5,770</td><td>5,290</td><td>4,700</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5,130</td></tr><tr><td>130</td><td></td><td></td><td>5,250</td><td>4,760</td><td>4,170</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4,530</td></tr><tr><td>135</td><td></td><td></td><td>4,770</td><td>4,270</td><td>3,680</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>140</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3,830</td><td>3,230</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>145</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3,420</td><td>2,820</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>150</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3,050</td><td>2,450</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>155</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2,100</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>160</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1,770</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<figure><img id='53' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(271,890); bottom-right:(306,929)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='54' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(375,892); bottom-right:(412,925)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='55' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(481,893); bottom-right:(513,935)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='56' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(582,893); bottom-right:(614,922)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124213, "type": "text", "content": "# TURKEY BLINDS\n\n\n# THROWDOWN\u2122\n\n\n# 4-SPUR\u2122\n\n\n \n\n*U.S. Patent D745,979\n\n\n \n\n# JAKEHOUSE\u2122\n\n\nA M E R I S T E P . C O M\n\n\n \n120\n\n\n121\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2322084, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='40' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">All Except: \u2022 Natural Drapes \u2022 Sheer Verticals \u2022 Artisan Fabric Roman Shades \u2022 Other Applications</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +1\u20444\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Outside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW +1\u20442\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +3\u20444\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">Natural Drapes</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +1\u20442\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Outside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW +1\u20442\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +1\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">Sheer Verticals</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Outside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW +1\u20444\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +1\u20442\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">Artisan Fabric Roman Shades</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +31\u20442\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Outside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW +1\u20444\"</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>OW +4\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">Other Applications</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Outside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr><tr><td>With returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>These formulas are used to calculate BACKSIDE cornice<br>measurements by product type .</p>\n<br><table id='42' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">All Except: \u2022 Natural Drapes \u2022 Sheer Verticals \u2022 Artisan Fabric Roman Shades \u2022 Other Applications</td><td>Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>Outside mount</td><td>With returns</td><td>OW +3\u20444\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Natural Drapes</td><td>Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>Outside mount</td><td>With returns</td><td>OW +1\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Sheer Verticals</td><td>Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>Outside mount</td><td>With returns</td><td>OW +1\u20442\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Artisan Fabric Roman Shades</td><td>Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>OW -1\u204416\"</td></tr><tr><td>Outside mount</td><td>With returns</td><td>OW +2\"</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Other Applications</td><td>Inside mount</td><td>No returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr><tr><td>Outside mount</td><td>With returns</td><td>Ordered width</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If the product option of other is selected during entry, the backside cornice/valance measurement will be the exact width entered .<br>There will be no additions or deductions taken . Cornice or valance return size must be specified . Soft drapery falls within the<br>\u2018other applications\u2019 category .</p>\n<h1 id='44' style='font-size:20px'>Palladian Window Shelf</h1>\n<table id='45' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Minimum Width Inside Mount Only (inches)</td><td>Maximum Width Inside Mount Only (inches)</td><td>Minimum Depth (inches)</td><td>Maximum Depth (inches)</td></tr><tr><td>Palladian Window Shelf</td><td>7</td><td>96</td><td>2</td><td>4</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>NOTE: Inside mount application only . The finished shelf will be ordered width less 1\u204416\" . The shelf is designed for end mounting; no center supports<br>are available . End mounting brackets must be mounted to a flat vertical surface . If installation is inside an arch, the top of the palladian<br>shelf must be mounted at or below the start of the arch curve . Shelf can be installed in a vertical application to divide a large window .<br>Depending on the width of the window opening and the weight of the blind or shade, deflection up to 1\u20442\" may occur .</p>\n<br><footer id='47' style='font-size:18px'>4 | graberdirect.com</footer>\n<br><footer id='48' style='font-size:18px'>November 2019</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Consider that you need to deploy blinds in a constrained space, with a total combined footprint not exceeding 12,000 sq. in. and a total weight limit of 30 lbs. If you choose one Gunner™ and one Outhouse™ blind, do they meet both constraints, and what is the remaining weight and footprint capacity if they do?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 819, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 126632, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='10' style='font-size:14px'>LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel</header>\n<h1 id='11' style='font-size:20px'>DEVICE DESCRIPTION AND TEST PRINCIPLE</h1>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he assay is a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT -PCR) test. Testing<br>is performed on the QuantStudio 5 (ThermoFisher) and analysis is done using the QuantStudio<br>Design and Analysis Software version 1.5.1. The SARS-CoV-2 primer and probe set(s) provided<br>by Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT) are designed to detect RNA from the SARS-CoV-2 in<br>upper respiratory specimens and bronchoalveolar lavage from patients. All nucleic acid is<br>extracted using the IndiMag Extraction Kit (Indical, SP54106 IB).</p>\n<br><h1 id='13' style='font-size:20px'>INSTRUMENTS USED WITH TEST</h1>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel is to be used with the following<br>PCR and nucleic acid extraction instrument:</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 QuantStudio 5 (ThermoFisher, Software version 1.5.1)<br>\u2022 IndiMag Extraction Kit (Indical, SP54106 IB)</p>\n<br><h1 id='16' style='font-size:20px'>REAGENTS AND MATERIALS</h1>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel has been validated using only<br>the components referenced in this submission.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 2019-nCoV CDC EUA Kit, 500 rxns- N1, N2, RNase P (Integrated DNA Technologies,<br>cat # 10006606)<br>\u2022 2019-nCoV_N_Positive Control (Integrated DNA Technologies, cat # 10006625)<br>\u2022 Hs_RPP30 Positive Control (Integrated DNA Technologies, cat # 10006626)<br>\u2022 Takara OneStep PrimeScript RT-PCR (Perfect Real Time) (Takara Bio Inc; cat<br>#RR064B)</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>2X OneStep RT-PCR Buffer III<br>o<br>TaKaRa Ex Taq HS (5 U/ \u03bcl)<br>o<br>Rox Reference Dye II<br>o<br>Molecular grade water, nuclease-free<br>o</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 200 Proof Ethanol (Fisher Healthcare, BP2818500 FH)<br>\u2022 Molecular Grade Isopropanol (Fisher Healthcare, BP2618500 FH)<br>\u2022 Hypure Molecular Grade Water (Hyclone, #SH30538.02)</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>CONTROLS TO BE USED WITH THE LifeHope 2019-NCOV REAL-TIME RT-PCR<br>DIAGNOSTIC PANEL</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Controls that provided with the test kit are as follows:</p>\n<footer id='23' style='font-size:16px'>Page 2 of 9</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 126633, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='24' style='font-size:14px'>LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel</header>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Positive Control (nCoVPC): The nCoVPC (Integrated DNA Technologies, #10006625) is a<br>noninfectious positive DNA plasmid control. It is included in every run. nCoVPC should produce a<br>positive result with each run.</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Negative Control (NTC): Molecular Biology Grade Water (Nuclease-Free, Deionized, Distilled,<br>0.1um Sterile Filtered, Hyclone, #SH30538.02). Molecular Grade Water is used as an extraction<br>control to ensure that there was no contamination during automated extraction. Water will be used<br>on every extraction run.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Extraction Control: The extraction control targets the RNase P gene present in the human genome.<br>This control is used to ensure that there was a successful recovery of the sample.</p>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:20px'>INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS</h1>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>All test controls should be examined prior to interpretation of patient results. If the controls are not<br>valid, the patient results cannot be interpreted.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Table 1: Interpretation of Results for Quality Controls</p>\n<br><table id='31' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Control Type</td><td>External Control Name</td><td>Used to Monitor</td><td>2019 nCoV_N1</td><td>2019 nCoV_N2</td><td>RP</td><td>Expected Ct Values</td></tr><tr><td>Positive Control</td><td>nCoVPC</td><td>Substantial reagent failure including primer and probe integrity</td><td>+</td><td>+</td><td>+</td><td>\u226435.00 Ct</td></tr><tr><td>Negative Control</td><td>NTC</td><td>Reagent and/or environmental contamination</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>None detected</td></tr><tr><td>Extraction Control</td><td>RNase P</td><td>Failure in lysis extraction procedure, potential contamination during extraction.</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>+</td><td>\u226435.00 Ct</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='32' style='font-size:16px'>Page 3 of 9</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1482634, "type": "text", "content": "# Pooling Monitoring\n\n\nFollowing the implementation of a pooling strategy, laboratories should\nevaluate performance of the strategy \nregularly to determine if the desired testing efficiency is still being\nachieved. Determination of the percent \npositivity rate in pools (Ppools) is required.\n\n\n(Ppools) = (Number of positive specimens in pools / Total number of specimens\ntested in pools) * 100\n\n\nFor DoD Laboratories that Can Adhere to a Full Protocol for Ongoing Monitoring\nof the \nPooling Strategy\n\n\n \n\nContinue to monitor n-sample pooling strategy by calculating the positivity\nrate among patient samples during \nn-sample pooling (Ppools-x) for subsequent 7-10 day period based on n-sample\npool testing. (Ppools-x) should be \nupdated daily using a moving average.\n\n\nCompare Ppools-initial to Ppools-x. If Ppools-x is less than 90% of Ppools-\ninitial. (Ppools-x / Ppools-initial < 0.90), it is \nrecommended that:\n\n\n\u2022 The n-sample pooling should be re-assessed by conducting a re-assessment\nstudy (described below). \n\u2022 If Ppools-x is greater than 25%, pooling of patient samples is not efficient\nand should be discontinued until the \npercent positivity rate drops below.\n\n\n# Pooling Re-Assessment Study\n\n\n \n\nNote: Individual testing as part of either re-assessment study option may be\nperformed using a different and \nhigher throughput EUA COVID-19 test.\n\n\nOption 1 Stop n-sample pooling and return to individual testing. Patient\nsamples should be prospectively \nindividually tested until 10 consecutive positive samples have been collected.\nThese individually tested \nsamples should then be re-tested in a pool with one positive and n-1 negative\nsamples.\n\n\nOption 2 Continue n-sample pooling. Individual testing should be performed in\nparallel to the pooled testing \nuntil 10 consecutive positive samples are obtained. These positive samples\nshould include both positive \nindividual results generated from individual testing of samples from the non-\nnegative sample pools following \nthe n-sample pooling and deconvoluting workflow, and positive individual\nresults obtained from individual \ntesting of samples from the negative sample pools for the time period. Because\nnon-negative pools require \nindividual testing of samples included in the pool (samples in the positive\npools will be tested as a part of \nnormal n-sample pooling workflow), the study essentially consists of\nadditionally testing individual samples \nfrom the pools with negative results.\n\n\nBioFire Defense, LLC\n\n\n \nBioFire\u00ae COVID-19 Test v1.0 \u2013 Instructions for Use 37\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1482682, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='76' style='font-size:22px'>Pooling Monitoring</h1>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Following the implementation of a pooling strategy, laboratories should evaluate performance of the strategy<br>regularly to determine if the desired testing efficiency is still being achieved. Determination of the percent<br>positivity rate in pools (Ppools) is required.</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(Ppools) = (Number of positive specimens in pools / Total number of specimens tested in pools) * 100</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>For DoD Laboratories that Can Adhere to a Full Protocol for Ongoing Monitoring of the<br>Pooling Strategy</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Continue to monitor n-sample pooling strategy by calculating the positivity rate among patient samples during<br>n-sample pooling (Ppools-x) for subsequent 7-10 day period based on n-sample pool testing. (Ppools-x) should be<br>updated daily using a moving average.</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Compare Ppools-initial to Ppools-x. If Ppools-x is less than 90% of Ppools-initial. (Ppools-x / Ppools-initial < 0.90), it is<br>recommended that:</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 The n-sample pooling should be re-assessed by conducting a re-assessment study (described below).<br>\u2022 If Ppools-x is greater than 25%, pooling of patient samples is not efficient and should be discontinued until the<br>percent positivity rate drops below.</p>\n<h1 id='83' style='font-size:16px'>Pooling Re-Assessment Study</h1>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Note: Individual testing as part of either re-assessment study option may be performed using a different and<br>higher throughput EUA COVID-19 test.</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Option 1 Stop n-sample pooling and return to individual testing. Patient samples should be prospectively<br>individually tested until 10 consecutive positive samples have been collected. These individually tested<br>samples should then be re-tested in a pool with one positive and n-1 negative samples.</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Option 2 Continue n-sample pooling. Individual testing should be performed in parallel to the pooled testing<br>until 10 consecutive positive samples are obtained. These positive samples should include both positive<br>individual results generated from individual testing of samples from the non-negative sample pools following<br>the n-sample pooling and deconvoluting workflow, and positive individual results obtained from individual<br>testing of samples from the negative sample pools for the time period. Because non-negative pools require<br>individual testing of samples included in the pool (samples in the positive pools will be tested as a part of<br>normal n-sample pooling workflow), the study essentially consists of additionally testing individual samples<br>from the pools with negative results.</p>\n<footer id='87' style='font-size:14px'>BioFire Defense, LLC</footer>\n<br><footer id='88' style='font-size:14px'>BioFire\u00ae COVID-19 Test v1.0 \u2013 Instructions for Use 37</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 126634, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='33' style='font-size:14px'>LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel</header>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:20px'>Table 2: Interpretation of test results for the LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR<br>Diagnostic Panel</h1>\n<br><table id='35' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>2019 nCoV_N1</td><td>2019 nCoV_N2</td><td>RP</td><td>Result Interpretation</td><td>Report</td><td>Actions</td></tr><tr><td>+</td><td>+</td><td>+/-</td><td>SARS-CoV-2 detected</td><td>Positive SARS-CoV- 2</td><td>Report results to Department of Public Health and physician.</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">If only one of the two targets is positive</td><td>+/-</td><td>Inconclusive Result</td><td>Inconclusive</td><td>Repeat testing of nucleic acid and/or re-extract and repeat rRT-PCR. If the repeated result remains inconclusive, contact physician/sender for a recollection.</td></tr><tr><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>+</td><td>SARS-CoV-2 not detected</td><td>Negative</td><td>Report results to physician/sender. Consider testing for other respiratory viruses.</td></tr><tr><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>Invalid Result</td><td>Invalid</td><td>Repeat extraction and rRT-PCR. If the repeated result remains invalid, consider collecting a new specimen for the patient.</td></tr></table>\n<p id='36' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Negative: A specimen is considered negative if both the N1 and N2 markers do not cross<br>the threshold line within 35 cycles and RNaseP does cross the threshold line within 35<br>cycles.<br>\u2022 Positive: A specimen is considered positive if both the N1 and N2 markers cross the<br>threshold line within 35 cycles and the RNaseP is either positive (crosses the threshold<br>line within 35 cycles) or is negative.<br>\u2022 Invalid: A specimen is considered invalid if the N1, N2 and RNaseP markers do not cross<br>the threshold line within 35 cycles. The specimen must be re-extracted and run again, if<br>the same result is produced, the specimen is considered invalid, and a new specimen must<br>be collected.<br>\u2022 Inconclusive: A specimen is considered inconclusive if N1 or N2 but not both markers<br>cross the threshold line within 35 cycles. The extracted RNA must be retested. If there is<br>residual specimen available, re-extract and re-test. If the same result is produced, the<br>result is inconclusive and a new specimen must be obtained.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<footer id='38' style='font-size:16px'>Page 4 of 9</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 126631, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel</header>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>ACCELERATED EMERGENCY USE AUTHORIZATION (EUA) SUMMARY<br>LifeHope 2019-NCOV REAL-TIME RT-PCR DIAGNOSTIC PANEL<br>(LIFEHOPE LABORATORY)</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>For In vitro Diagnostic Use<br>Rx Only<br>For use under Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) only</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>( The LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel will be performed at<br>LifeHope Laboratory, certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments<br>of 1988(CLIA), 42 U.S.C. \u00a7263a, to perform high complexity tests as per the Instructions of<br>Use that were reviewed by the FDA under this EUA.)</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:20px'>INTENDED USE</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel is a real-time RT-PCR assay<br>intended for the qualitative detection of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 RNA in upper<br>respiratory specimens (such as nasal, mid-turbinate, nasopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal swab<br>specimens) and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from individuals suspected of COVID-19 by<br>their healthcare provider. Testing is limited to LifeHope Labs which is certified under Clinical<br>Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA), 42 U.S.C. \u00a7263a, and meets<br>requirements to perform high-complexity tests.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>R esults are for the detection and identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA is<br>generally detectable in upper respiratory specimens and bronchoalveolar lavage during the acute<br>phase of infection. Positive results are indicative of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA; clinical<br>correlation with patient history and other diagnostic information is necessary to determine patient<br>infective status. Positive results do not rule out bacterial infection or co-infection with other<br>viruses. The agent detected may not be the definite cause of disease. Laboratories within the<br>United States and its territories are required to report all positive results to the appropriate public<br>health authorities.</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Negative results do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should not be used as the sole basis<br>for patient management decisions. Negative results must be combined with clinical observations,<br>patient history, and epidemiological information.</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel is intended for use by qualified<br>clinical laboratory personnel specifically instructed and trained in the techniques of real-time<br>PCR and in vitro diagnostic procedures. The LifeHope 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR<br>Diagnostic Panel is only for use under the Food and Drug Administration\u2019s Emergency Use<br>Authorization.</p>\n<footer id='9' style='font-size:16px'>Page 1 of 9</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3085304, "type": "text", "content": "# XfreeTM COVID-19 Direct RT-PCR \nMulti-Platform\n\n\n*Repeat the test by preparing a new test from the remaining patient sample collection and ensure the patient sample \nand PCR master mix is dispensed properly in the well being analyzed. Repeat\ntesting must yield RNaseP and IAC \ndetection without N1 detection to confirm a NEGATIVE result. However, if the\nsame result is obtained upon a repeat \ntest, report results as INCONCLUSIVE and request a new sample collection.\n\n\n# REPEAT TESTING FOR INSTRUMENT FAILURE\n\n\nI n case of instrument failure, repeat testing can be performed by setting up\na new run \nusing the original sample/specimen as described above in the \u201cSpecimen\nPreparation\u201d \nsection. Refer to the \u201cTroubleshooting\u201d section of the Applied Biosystems\nQuantStudioTM \n59, Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast Dx10, Bio Rad CFX96 TouchTM/CFX384 TouchTM 11 \nInstruction Manuals for interpretation of warning and error codes.\n\n\n# LIMITATIONS OF THE PROCEDURE\n\n\n \n\n\u25cf The use of this assay as an in vitro diagnostic under FDA Emergency Use \nAuthorization (EUA) is limited to laboratories that are certified under the\nClinical \nLaboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA), 42 U.S.C. \u00a7 263a, to \nperform high complexity tests. \n\u25cf This product is intended for use with specimens collected using specimen \ncollection and transport devices listed in the \u201cEquipment and Materials\nRequired \nBut Not Provided\u201d section. \n\u25cf Incorrect test results may occur from improper specimen collection, handling\nor \nstorage, technical error, sample mix-up, or because the number of organisms in \nthe specimen is below the analytical sensitivity of the test. Careful\ncompliance \nwith the BioGX XfreeTM COVID-19 assay instructions for use and the real-time\nPCR \nplatforms (ie. Applied Biosystems QuantStudioTM 59, Applied Biosystems 7500\nFast \nDx10, Bio-Rad CFX96 TouchTM/CFX384 TouchTM 11) are necessary to avoid \nerroneous results. \n\u25cf Good laboratory technique is essential for the proper performance of this\nassay. \n\u25cf The BioGX SARS-CoV-2 positive control, when utilized at 3,333 copies/mL with\nthe \nextracted workflow, may not sufficiently evaluate integrity of the assay\nreagents \nand could lead to false specimen results. \n\u25cf A positive test result does not necessarily indicate the presence of viable \ninfectious organisms. A positive result is indicative of the presence of\ntarget \nnucleic acid. A negative test result does not preclude the presence of\ninfectious \norganisms and should not be used as the sole basis for treatment or other\npatient \nmanagement decisions. \n\u25cf The BioGX XfreeTM COVID-19 assay results may sometimes be Unresolved or \nIndeterminate due to a lack of RNase P and/or IAC detection. Instrument\nfailure \ncould also contribute to an incomplete run result and require retesting that\ncan \nlead to a delay obtaining final results.\n\n\nP age 24 of 60\n\n\n \n500-003-XMP (US) Rev. Draft04.1-29June2021\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3318811, "type": "text", "content": "ONCO/Reveal Dx Lung and Colon Cancer Assay\n\n\n# QUALITY CONTROL\n\n\nNo Template Control (NTC) and Positive (PosCtrl) are included for each \u201cBatch\u201d\nof up to 46 samples \n(processed on the same plate). If the NTC and/or PosCtrl is invalid, the\nentire run is invalid. See Table 15 \nin \u201cResults\u201d section for recommended actions.\n\n\n# RESULTS\n\n\n# INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS\n\n\nAll run and sample validation are performed by the ONCO/Reveal Dx Lung and\nColon Cancer Assay PiVAT \nsoftware. A valid run may include both valid and invalid sample results.\n\n\n \n\nTable 15 Interpretation of PiVAT Run Summary results\n\n\nIn Vitro Diagnostic Use Only\n\n\n \nPage 25 of 37\n\n\n \nUM-0044 Revision 3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3429344, "type": "text", "content": "# INTERPRETATION OF RESULT\n\n\nN ote: Look closely at the colour change in both tubes (C & T) to interpret\nthe test \nresults. Visualize the tubes in natural lighting. Individuals with colour-\nimpaired \nvision may not be able to adequately interpret test results\n\n\nRefer to the Colour Chart below for steps to determine Positive and Negative\nResults. \nAlso refer to the images in the Results Interpretation table below for test\nresults validity \ninterpretation.\n\n\n# COLOR CHART\n\n\nIn the Colour Chart, find the difference between Initial colour grade (Test\nprocedure- \nstep 3) and final colour grade (Test procedure- step 5).\n\n\nIf, (Final colour grade \u2014 Initial colour grade) >= 2: Test result is Positive \nIf, (Final colour grade \u2014 Initial colour grade) < 2: Test result is Negative\n\n\n# RESULTS INTERPRETATION TABLE\n\n\nNote: In the below table, \u201c+\u201d symbol denotes positive, \u201c-\u201d symbol denotes \nnegative.\n\n\n \n\nNote: If an invalid result is obtained, the sample may be rerun. A new sample \nshould be collected and run with a new Test Cartridge.\n\n\nPage 8 of 17\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1703642, "type": "text", "content": "111\n\n\n \nChapter 7: Diagnostics for HIV diagnosis\n\n\n# HIV-negative people taking PrEP\n\n\n \n\nOptimal intervals for retesting individuals on PrEP have yet to be determined.\nHIV testing \nis required to identify individuals who are uninfected before starting PrEP,\nto minimize \ndevelopment of resistance. In addition, periodic retesting is needed for those\non PrEP to \nidentify new infections. Specific WHO guidance on the frequency of testing for\nthose on \nPrEP is in preparation.\n\n\n# 7.4.2 Retesting clients with HIV-inconclusive status\n\n\n \n\nWHO recommends that clients with HIV-inconclusive status be retested in 14\ndays in \norder to:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 rule in seroconversion, if HIV reactivity evolves to concordant between A1\nand A2, that \nis A1+; A2+;\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 rule out seroconversion, if HIV reactivity remains unchanged, with likely\nnon-specific \nfalse-positive reaction for A1 and A3 (the negative predictive value for A2\nwill be very \nhigh);\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 rule out specimen mix-up, particularly if a unique client identifier and\nconsecutive \nspecimen identifiers are not assigned; or\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 rule out random error, either user/operator error or test device error.\n\n\nSpecimens from individuals with clinical signs meeting the WHO criteria for\nstage \nIII or IV may have discrepant test results and an HIV-inconclusive test result\ndue \nto a decrease of HIV antibodies with advanced disease progression and/or \nimpaired or reduced immune response.\n\n\nIf the HIV status is the same upon retesting, then the individual should be\nconsidered \nHIV-negative. If HIV status is not the same upon retesting, the individual or\nthe specimen \nmay be referred for additional testing at a higher-level facility.\n\n\n7.4.3 Retesting to verify HIV-positive diagnoses before initiating care or aRT\n\n\n \n\nSince 2013 WHO has recommended initiation of ART for all people with CD4\ncounts of \n<500 cells/mL (13). Further, WHO recommends ART initiation based solely on HIV \nserological diagnosis, without additional immunological (CD4 count) or\nvirological (NAT) \ntesting, for certain populations, including all pregnant women, serodiscordant\ncouples, \npeople with TB or viral hepatitis (HBV or HCV) coinfection and children less\nthan 5 years \nof age (but over 24 months of age) (9). Thus, it is critical that policy-\nmakers, programme \nmanagers and providers be aware of and reduce the risk of misdiagnosis of HIV\nstatus.\n\n\n \n\nTo ensure that individuals are not needlessly placed on life-long ART (with\npotential \nside-effects, waste of resources, psychological impact of misdiagnosis), WHO \nrecommends that all individuals be retested to verify their HIV status prior\nto \nenrolling in care and/or starting ART.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A batch of 10 specimens yields 2 positive, 4 inconclusive, and 4 invalid results. For the inconclusive specimens, you retest them and find 2 are positive on retest. No additional specimens have been collected yet. Considering the initial invalid results, calculate how many total new specimens will need to be collected and retested to obtain valid results for all samples in the batch.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 821, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3046497, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='8' style='font-size:16px'>Creative Community Impact Award</header>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:16px'>A pplication Checklist</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u25a1 Completed nomination form<br>\u25a1 One-page overview of organization, community, or program<br>\u25a1 Nominator\u2019s Statement<br>\u25a1 Two letters of support<br>\u25a1 Support materials</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u25a1 Table of contents and annotations for support materials</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:16px'>D ate and Signature of the Nominator:</h1>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Signature Date</p>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2 of 2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1614700, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Only one entry per institution. System offices that oversee multiple institutions may apply, but<br>each school will be evaluated individually. If an Applicant submits more than one entry, all<br>entries from that Applicant may be voided by Sponsor. Applications that are not accompanied<br>by an official application form and/or are received outside the application period will be void.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A ll applications and application information will become the property of Sponsor and will not<br>be acknowledged or returned. All applications and essays must be original and created by the<br>submitting Applicant. By entering, the applicant provides Sponsor with a royalty-free,<br>irrevocable, perpetual, non-exclusive license to use the contents of the Application for the<br>purposes of public relations, advertising and promotional purposes in any manner as may be<br>determined by Sponsor. You agree that Sponsor is not responsible for any unauthorized use or<br>distribution of the Application materials by a third party. Pursuant to the foregoing, each<br>Applicant agrees to release, defend, indemnify and hold harmless Sponsor from and against<br>any claims, damages or liability arising from or related to the use of the Application, including<br>but not limited to claims of defamation, invasion of privacy or rights of publicity or copyright<br>infringement.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Illegible and incomplete applications are void. Sponsor is not responsible for lost, late,<br>mutilated, damaged, stolen, incomplete, or misdirected applications or applications not<br>received regardless of cause. In the event of a dispute over who submitted an application, the<br>application will be deemed to have been submitted by the authorized account holder of the e-<br>mail account identified with the submitting account. The authorized account holder is deemed<br>to be the natural person who is assigned to the e-mail address by the relevant entity<br>responsible for assigning e-mail addresses for the domain associated with the submitted e-mail<br>address.</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>5. JUDGING CRITERIA: Sponsor shall screen initial applications for eligibility<br>criteria. All eligible entries will be evaluated by a qualified panel of judges<br>designated by Sponsor based on the judging criteria below:</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0b7 Application completeness<br>\uf0b7 Creativity in awarding funds<br>\uf0b7 Tie to institutional mission<br>\uf0b7 Ability to distribute funding<br>\uf0b7 Impactful to students<br>\uf0b7 Meeting Sponsor\u2019s goals</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Applications will be judged between July 1, 2021, and July 30, 2021. The judges, whose<br>decision will be final, will select at least twenty (20) schools based on the above criteria. Any<br>ties will be broken by an additional judge based on the judging criteria described above. Only<br>one block award per Selected School.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>6. SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM AWARD NOTIFICATION: The potential Selected<br>Schools will be notified the week of August 2, 2021 via the email address or phone<br>number provided in the application.</p>\n<footer id='30' style='font-size:14px'>3</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1155791, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>COMMUNITY HEALTH GRANT</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>GUIDELINES AND APPLICATION</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>2021 Deadline: 5pm Monday August 2</h1>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:16px'>G rant size: $2,000-10,000 (Average grant size is $5,000-8,000)</h1>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I f you would like to discuss your proposal, please contact info@humhealth.org to schedule an<br>appointment with Program Director, Amy Jester, or call 707.267.9909</p>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>Proposals must be submitted as pdfs via email to info@humhealth.org</h1>\n<h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>For more information visit us online at www.humhealth.org</h1>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Community Health Grant supports programs, projects and services that accomplish one or more of the<br>following:</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\uf086 Improve the health and wellbeing of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color and those experiencing systemic<br>barriers to health and wellness in Humboldt County</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Given HHF\u2019s historic underfunding in the following regions, communities and issues, we are particularly<br>o<br>seeking proposals from organizations serving these communities and addressing these issues:</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0a7 Black, Indigenous and Communities of Color<br>\uf0a7 LGBTQI+<br>\uf0a7 Eastern Humboldt<br>\uf0a7 Eel River Valley</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0a7 Veterans<br>\uf0a7 Mental and Behavioral Health<br>\uf0a7 Substance Use Disorders</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf086 Have potential to make significant community impact<br>\uf086 Are preventive or \u2018upstream\u2019<br>\uf086 Bring people together to work on issues of community concern</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H HF makes grants for general operating support, programs, services, advocacy, organizing, civic engagement, capital<br>campaigns, capital improvement projects, and racial equity training and consulting.</p>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>Eligibility Requirements</h1>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0a7 Applicants must be nonprofit charitable or public benefit (federal tax exempt) organizations, public schools,<br>Indian tribal governments, other government agencies, or have a qualified fiscal sponsor (this is an option for<br>grassroots groups that might not have tax exempt status with the IRS; more information about fiscal<br>sponsorship is available at http://www.hafoundation.org/Grants-Scholarships/Fiscal-Sponsorship). If you need<br>help finding a fiscal sponsor, please contact info@humhealth.org or 707.267.9909.<br>\uf0a7 Organization/programs/projects must benefit communities in Humboldt County. All organizations from<br>outside this service area must demonstrate that they are working with a county based group to develop and<br>implement the proposed program/project. General operating support is not available to organizations based<br>outside of Humboldt County.<br>\uf0a7 Grants cannot be made for the infrastructure, deferred maintenance or annual operating costs of public<br>institutions, churches, services of special tax districts, or government agencies.<br>\uf0a7 Grants cannot be made for religious activities or projects that exclusively benefit the members of sectarian or<br>religious organizations.<br>\uf0a7 Grant funds cannot pay for direct lobbying.<br>\uf0a7 Grants cannot pay for expenses that have already been incurred.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 974, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Award Submission Process</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D ue to the large number of applications Crime Stoppers USA receives from its membership in<br>each of the award categories, we find it necessary to utilize an electronic submission process of<br>award nominations. Please follow these steps below for each award nomination a Crime<br>Stoppers program submits to Crime Stoppers USA.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A ward nominations will be submitted through Google Forms, similar as in prior years. Follow the<br>process below to complete and submit the award form and required documentation.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Save the specific award nomination form to your local desktop or tablet, adding your<br>program name to the file name title when saving the file. The nomination forms are<br>provided in a fillable Adobe Acrobat PDF file for your ease in completion.<br>2. Complete the entry form for each nominee/award being submitted, along with<br>accumulating the additional files required for each award such as PDF, audio, video or<br>photos. The Awards Committee is requesting that submitted information be provided in<br>the following manner:</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>a. Any written documents requested in the nomination process be converted to Adobe<br>Acrobat PDF files<br>b. Videos submitted in either .MPEG-4 or .MOV format<br>i. No video files submitted using a reference to a website or provided URL will be<br>accepted. The program must obtain the video file and provide it to the CSUSA<br>Awards Committee in the approved format listed above.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>c. Any audio files be submitted in either .MP3 or .WAV format.<br>d. Any photos or pictures in .JPEG, .JPG, .PNG or .GIF format.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>3. Accumulate all these files for each specific award nomination and title the file by name of<br>the award and program name. For example, TV PSA should all be placed in a file<br>entitled \u2018TV PSA for (name) Crime Stoppers Program.\u2019<br>4. Once all this information is ready to submit, go to the link:</p>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>https://forms.gle/KhuBKH9WtP1gedU1A</h1>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>5. At this Google Forms submission site, click on \u2018Add Files\u2019 and upload the files for your<br>award submission. Remember, if you have multiple award nominations, submit<br>each award individually. Also, only 10 files can be submitted for each nomination,<br>however, if you have additional files, again, send them in an additional submission using<br>the same link.<br>6. After submitting your nomination, the Awards Committee will send a confirmation email<br>of your submission for each award within 3 days of submission. If you don\u2019t receive this<br>confirmation email, please try resubmitting.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C rime Stoppers USA wants as many award nominations for all the hard work and success<br>stories from our local programs. Therefore, if you have any difficulties with this submission<br>process, we encourage you to connect with K. Scott Abrams, CSUSA Board Member at<br>sabrams@crimestoppersusa.com. Don\u2019t know Google Forms? Need assistance with filling in<br>the forms? Unable to submit the files containing the forms? Please connect with Scott by email<br>to set up some time to work through this process. Bottom line\u2026we want every program that<br>wants to participate to be able to do so!</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2401910, "type": "text", "content": "8\\. Describe the characteristics of the population you or your organization\nhas served, \nparticularly in the past year that have been impacted by systemic racism.\nPlease include \ninformation about their demographics, social and economic wellbeing, and\nfamily or \nindividual challenges. (200 words or less)\n\n\nPillar III. Program/project has a clear plan for Sustainability and/or vision\nfor ongoing impact \nSustainability means that the viability of the program will continue. The\nvision will describe the \nongoing effects for its beneficiaries or systems even after the current\nfunding has expired.\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\nP illar III-Qualifying Questions:\n\n\n \n\n9\\. What is your evaluation plan for measuring outcomes that will demonstrate\nthe \neffectiveness of your proposed project/program?\n\n\n \n\n\n10\\. How will your program/project be viable against systemic racism after the\ngrant funds are \nspent or describe a vision for the ongoing impact after the grant funds are\nspent? (250 \nwords)\n\n\n\n\n\n=================== For Internal Use Only ====================\n\n\n# P HASE 2: Scoring Model\n\n\n \n\n# Scoring Criteria\n\n\n \n\nPillar 1 Questions - 6 points \nPillar 2 Questions -18 points \nPillar 3 Questions - 6 points, which equal a total of 30 points.\n\n\nE ach pillar Questions will be graded from 0 to 3 points.\n\n\n8`\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2546334, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='18' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25cf<br>At the judges\u2019 discretion, entries may be moved to more suitable categories if<br>\u25cf the Fair has not already submitted a qualifying entry into the proposed<br>\u25cf category<br>Disqualifications are left to the discretion of the judging panel<br>Criteria: is the advertising \u2013 motivational; informative; indicative of creative</p>\n<br><h1 id='19' style='font-size:16px'>excellence; appropriate to activities, audience and media<br>o</h1>\n<br><h1 id='20' style='font-size:16px'>used; utilizing a</h1>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:16px'>central theme; indicative of production excellence.</h1>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:20px'>A wards:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:16px'>All entries will be judged on a 100-point scale.</h1>\n<p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Category Winners \u2013<br>(a) First, second and third place entries will be virtually<br>announced by the IAFE, prior to the annual IAFE Convention. First-place entries<br>Judges\u2019 Creative Award \u2013<br>will receive a plaque; second and third place entries will receive a certificate<br>(b) Judges may select, from any entry submitted, a<br>Judges\u2019 Creative Award. The item shows creativity, originality, innovation, and<br>superiority to all other entries. The idea or concept should be one that may be<br>replicated (in a larger or smaller format) by any fair, show, exhibition or<br>exposition. Disqualified entries do not qualify for consideration of the Judges'<br>Best of Show Award \u2013<br>Creative Award. Does not have to come from a first-place category entry.<br>(d) The fair scoring the highest total in three separate<br>categories (Best Marketing Campaign excluded) will be awarded the Best of<br>Show award. This recipient will receive a special award at the Annual IAFE</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Convention.</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>*Judges\u2019 discretion will apply in special circumstances.<br>T he Judges\u2019 Creative and Best of Show will be announced virtually, prior to the<br>IAFE Convention.</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:20px'>P rocedures (What, When, and How to Enter):</h1>\n<br><h1 id='28' style='font-size:16px'>You MUST:</h1>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1. Verify entries in each category were a strategy utilized in or an event that<br>took place during the 2020 or 2021 fair, exposition, or exhibition.<br>2. Submit all entries online at www.iafecontest.com<br>3. Enter a DIFFERENT concept, idea, method, etc. for each category.<br>4. Only submit ONE entry per category, unless otherwise noted.<br>5. Ensure your entries are submitted by the deadline: October 1, 2021.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>6. Provide a translation script for all entries not in English.</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>7. Include fillable forms and/or captions when required</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Page | 2</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1614695, "type": "text", "content": "Only one entry per institution. System offices that oversee multiple\ninstitutions may apply, but \neach school will be evaluated individually. If an Applicant submits more than\none entry, all \nentries from that Applicant may be voided by Sponsor. Applications that are\nnot accompanied \nby an official application form and/or are received outside the application\nperiod will be void.\n\n\nA ll applications and application information will become the property of\nSponsor and will not \nbe acknowledged or returned. All applications and essays must be original and\ncreated by the \nsubmitting Applicant. By entering, the applicant provides Sponsor with a\nroyalty-free, \nirrevocable, perpetual, non-exclusive license to use the contents of the\nApplication for the \npurposes of public relations, advertising and promotional purposes in any\nmanner as may be \ndetermined by Sponsor. You agree that Sponsor is not responsible for any\nunauthorized use or \ndistribution of the Application materials by a third party. Pursuant to the\nforegoing, each \nApplicant agrees to release, defend, indemnify and hold harmless Sponsor from\nand against \nany claims, damages or liability arising from or related to the use of the\nApplication, including \nbut not limited to claims of defamation, invasion of privacy or rights of\npublicity or copyright \ninfringement.\n\n\n \n\nIllegible and incomplete applications are void. Sponsor is not responsible for\nlost, late, \nmutilated, damaged, stolen, incomplete, or misdirected applications or\napplications not \nreceived regardless of cause. In the event of a dispute over who submitted an\napplication, the \napplication will be deemed to have been submitted by the authorized account\nholder of the e- \nmail account identified with the submitting account. The authorized account\nholder is deemed \nto be the natural person who is assigned to the e-mail address by the relevant\nentity \nresponsible for assigning e-mail addresses for the domain associated with the\nsubmitted e-mail \naddress.\n\n\n5\\. JUDGING CRITERIA: Sponsor shall screen initial applications for\neligibility \ncriteria. All eligible entries will be evaluated by a qualified panel of\njudges \ndesignated by Sponsor based on the judging criteria below:\n\n\n\uf0b7 Application completeness \n\uf0b7 Creativity in awarding funds \n\uf0b7 Tie to institutional mission \n\uf0b7 Ability to distribute funding \n\uf0b7 Impactful to students \n\uf0b7 Meeting Sponsor\u2019s goals\n\n\nApplications will be judged between July 1, 2021, and July 30, 2021. The\njudges, whose \ndecision will be final, will select at least twenty (20) schools based on the\nabove criteria. Any \nties will be broken by an additional judge based on the judging criteria\ndescribed above. Only \none block award per Selected School.\n\n\n6\\. SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM AWARD NOTIFICATION: The potential Selected \nSchools will be notified the week of August 2, 2021 via the email address or\nphone \nnumber provided in the application.\n\n\n3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2546339, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='154' style='font-size:18px'>\u25cf</h1>\n<h1 id='155' style='font-size:18px'>Items that fit the qualifications<br>C ategory 11 \u2013 At-Home Activities</h1>\n<br><h1 id='156' style='font-size:18px'>of another category</h1>\n<br><h1 id='157' style='font-size:18px'>Rules:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='158' style='font-size:18px'>Examples: Print outs,<br>\u25cf</h1>\n<br><h1 id='159' style='font-size:18px'>social media games (bingo, fill-in-the-blank, etc.)</h1>\n<p id='160' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Must</p>\n<br><p id='161' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>o<br>include:<br>o<br>Fillable Form<br>o</p>\n<br><h1 id='162' style='font-size:18px'>Copy of At-Home Activity</h1>\n<br><h1 id='163' style='font-size:18px'>category.</h1>\n<br><p id='164' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Only one activity may be submitted for this<br>C ategory 12 \u2013 Out-of-the-Box Marketing/Promotion</p>\n<h1 id='165' style='font-size:18px'>Unique<br>Rules:</h1>\n<br><p id='166' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>ideas only! Ideas may include: unique ways to be budget friendly, use of</p>\n<br><h1 id='167' style='font-size:18px'>technology, etc.<br>\u25cf</h1>\n<p id='168' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Must</p>\n<br><p id='169' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>o<br>include:<br>o<br>Fillable form<br>Actual marketing/promo (depending on the entry, this may be a PDF<br>o</p>\n<br><p id='170' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>proof,</p>\n<br><p id='171' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u25aa a photo of the item in it\u2019s place, etc.)<br>Screenshots and supporting documentation is encouraged<br>Limit: 4 pages of documentation, in addition to the fillable form</p>\n<br><p id='172' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(no restrictions on how many screenshots, or other supporting</p>\n<br><p id='173' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>details, as long as it fits<br>C ategory 13 \u2013 Best Marketing Campaign<br>Rules:</p>\n<br><h1 id='174' style='font-size:18px'>within four pages)</h1>\n<h1 id='175' style='font-size:18px'>o</h1>\n<p id='176' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Item</p>\n<br><p id='177' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>o<br>limit: 12 items (an overall theme should be visible within 12 items)<br>You may repeat what you submitted in the other categories or submit<br>o<br>completely different items.<br>You are not restricted on only submitting items that fall into one of<br>o<br>the above categories.<br>o<br>Respective category forms do NOT need to be included</p>\n<br><h1 id='178' style='font-size:18px'>60<br>o</h1>\n<br><p id='179' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>seconds of video or radio count as one item, just like in categories</p>\n<p id='180' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Must</p>\n<br><p id='181' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>one and two<br>o<br>include:<br>An entry fee of $90.00 (call the IAFE office to submit credit card, or<br>mail a check to the IAFE Office) Payment must be received prior to<br>o</p>\n<br><h1 id='182' style='font-size:18px'>judging.<br>o</h1>\n<p id='183' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>How</p>\n<br><p id='184' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>Fillable form<br>o<br>to submit:<br>If possible, combine all documents into one large PDF file. If you\u2019re<br>o<br>unable to do that, feel free to upload each PDF file separately.<br>Feel free to include descriptions, photos, etc. when necessary, but</p>\n<br><p id='185' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>please keep the descriptions and supporting documentation to a</p>\n<br><p id='186' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>minimum.</p>\n<p id='187' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Page | 7</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 973, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Community Initiative Award</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:16px'>General Guidelines</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u27a2 The local Crime Stoppers program must be in good standing with Crime Stoppers USA, including<br>being current in payment of dues for calendar year 2020 and 2021.<br>\u27a2 Complete one form for each award submission. For example, if you are submitting an award for<br>Public Service Announcement in both television and radio, a separate form is required for each type<br>of media.<br>\u27a2 As a member of Crime Stoppers USA, no fees are required for submission of award nominations,<br>however, entries will not be returned.<br>\u27a2 The judging panel reserves the right to place your entry into another appropriate category, if<br>necessary. The awards committee will inform you of any such changes.<br>\u27a2 A program having received an award in a specific category the previous year are ineligible to submit<br>an award in that category for the current year.<br>\u27a2 All award nomination submissions must be submitted no later than August 20, 2021.<br>\u27a2 Award population categories:</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>o 0 \u2013 100,000<br>o 100,001 \u2013 250,000<br>o 250,001 \u2013 1,000,000<br>o 1,000,001 and up</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>Qualification of Award</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u27a2 This award is in recognition for the inventive and original development of an exceptional event or<br>project to benefit Crime Stoppers in the community in which it serves.<br>\u27a2 The project and/or event must have taken place or implemented during the period of January 1,<br>2020 to December 31, 2020.<br>\u27a2 Entries will be evaluated and judged on: community support and participation; quality of content<br>throughout the initiative; media coverage and awareness throughout the community; and,<br>uniqueness and originality of the project.<br>\u27a2 This Community Initiative category may cover a community initiative, special project, campaign,<br>Crime of the Week or a unique fundraising event.<br>\u27a2 Required submission documents:</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>o A signed electronic nomination form.<br>o A written description of the program\u2019s performance, achievements and/or outstanding service<br>meriting recognition of excellence towards a community initiative.<br>o Any television, radio and/or print media in support of the community initiative project.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1636959, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='13' style='font-size:20px'>N omination Process</h1>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>N ominations may be submitted by any individual or group. No one may submit more than<br>one nomination for any award, in any year. The nomination should be uploaded to the<br>online application found at EJIFoundation.org and should include all the following<br>materials in order for the nominee to be considered for an award. Incomplete nomination<br>submissions may be disqualified.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1 . The nomination letter is the most important element of the nomination package. It<br>should make clear that the nominee is extraordinary, and how and why this is so.<br>Specific examples should be provided. Occasionally, a single example may be so<br>typical and characteristic of the nominee\u2019s career that it is illuminating. The letter<br>may discuss the nominee\u2019s accomplishments as relevant to the award for which the<br>nomination is made but should not simply summarize these accomplishments.<br>(The letter should not be longer than two pages.)<br>2. A short bio highlighting the nominee\u2019s professional background and achievements,<br>not to exceed 250 words.<br>3. The nominee\u2019s resume or CV.<br>4. Written confirmation that the nominator has notified the candidate of his or her<br>nomination for an award; and that if selected, the candidate has agreed to accept<br>the award and attend the awards dinner.<br>5. Nominations for the Verice M. Mason Community Service Leader Award should<br>also contain information about the organization being nominated, including<br>outcomes or benchmark data that demonstrates the organization\u2019s impact on the<br>community.</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he Awards Committee relies on each candidate\u2019s nominator to provide the information<br>necessary to make an informed evaluation of that candidate. The nominator should<br>clearly identify the areas of excellence and unique contributions that demonstrate the<br>candidate\u2019s qualifications.</p>\n<br><h1 id='17' style='font-size:20px'>E ligibility</h1>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>N ominees should be residents of New Jersey, and/or the professional activities for which<br>they are nominated should have been performed in New Jersey; and should meet the<br>criteria for the Award for which they are nominated (as described above).</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he following individuals are not eligible to receive an Award or to submit nominations,<br>during the time of their relationship with the Company, or for two years<br>afterward: members of the Awards Committee; and employees and members of the<br>Board of Directors of the MDAdvantage Insurance Company. The same restrictions will<br>apply to the members of the immediate families of the above, including spouses, siblings,<br>parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren or other family extension; and persons<br>residing at the same household, whether or not related.</p>\n<footer id='20' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2 of 4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If a program serving a community of 1,050,000 submitted entries for both a community initiative and a unique fundraising event, but the past year's award was won in one of those categories, examine which submission should proceed considering eligibility constraints and further justify the program's decision steps based on population categorization.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 822, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 212719, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(150,149); bottom-right:(932,776)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:14px'>... and measure it:</h1>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2707699, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n2.5\n\n\n \n\nA 7 \u03a9 resistor is now connected in parallel to the 4 \u03a9 resistor. How will this\naction affect \nthe reading of the voltmeter? Write down only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS \nTHE SAME.\n\n\nBriefly explain your answer.\n\n\n# 4.8 ELEcTROdyNamIcS\n\n\n \n\nProblem Solving Strategy for Electrodynamics Electrodynamics \nProblem Solving Strategy for\n\n\n \n\n4.8 Electrodynamics\n\n\n\uf0b7\n\n\n \n\nWith electrical machines, look at the energy conversions to identify the type\nof electrical \n\u2022 \nWith electrical machines, look at the energy conversions to identify the type\nof electrical machine.\n\n\n \n\nmachine.\n\n\n \n\nRe-draw Re-draw the circuit diagram to it, if necessary. necessary. \nthe circuit diagram to simplify \n\u2022 \nsimplify it, if\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Identify the type of connection (series/parallel).\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Identify the type of connection (series/parallel).\n\n\n \n\nW orked example\n\n\n \n\nworked example\n\n\n \n\n(4)\n\n\nThe simplified diagrams below represent an electric motor and a generator.\n\n\n \n\n[21]\n\n\n \n\n(3)\n\n\n(4)\n\n\n \n\n(3)\n\n\n[21]\n\n\n \n\n(4)\n\n\n \n\n1.1 \nGive a reason for your answer. \nmotor? for your answer. \na reason\n\n\ngenerator (AC or or DC) is represented in the simplified diagrams above? Give\na \nthe simplified diagrams \nDC) is \nrepresented in \nWhat type of generator (AC \n1.2 1.2 What type of \nreason for your answer. for your answer. \nabove? Give a reason \n1.3 State ONE method of increasing the induced emf of this generator. \n1.3 State ONE method of increasing the induced emf of this generator. \n1.4 wRITE dOwN ONE uSE OF ELEcTRIc mOTORS. \n1.4 Write down ONE use of electric motors. \n1.5 THE maxImum POTENTIaL dIFFERENcE PROducEd By THIS GENERaTOR IS 12 V \n1.5 The maximum potential difference produced by this generator is 12 V and\nthe \naNd THE FREQuENcy IS 50 Hz. \nfrequency is 50 Hz. \n1.1. SKETcH a GRaPH OF THE INducEd POTENTIaL dIFFERENcE VERSuS TImE. \n1.1. Sketch a graph of the induced potential difference versus time. \n1.5.2. caLcuLaTE THE INducEd RmS POTENTIaL dIFFERENcE. \n1.5.2. Calculate the induced rms potential difference. \n1.5.3. CalCulaTE ThE avEragE poWEr dISSIpaTEd If a 5 \u2126 rESISTor IS \n1.5.3. Calculate the average power dissipated if a 5 \u2126 resistor is connected\nto this \ncONNEcTEd TO THIS \nGENERaTOR.\n\n\nSOLuTION\n\n\n \n\ngenerator.\n\n\nS OLUTION\n\n\n42\n\n\n \n\n44\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212721, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='6' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(144,135); bottom-right:(798,356)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In order to obtain the inductance value, we switch trace 1 to display the series inductance calculated from the<br>measured reflection coefficient S11 by right-clicking onto the dB label on the bottom:</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='8' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(148,433); bottom-right:(1099,1199)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3427654, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='109' style='font-size:20px'>1126</header>\n<br><header id='110' style='font-size:18px'>PROCEEDINGS OF THE I.R.E.</header>\n<br><h1 id='111' style='font-size:20px'>September</h1>\n<table id='112' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>PARAMETER</td><td>RANGE</td><td>INSTRUMENT</td><td>CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT (FUNDAMENTAL SCHEMATIC)</td><td>PROCEDURE</td><td>PRECAUTIONS</td><td>ACCURACY, CONSERVATIVE ESTIMATE</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"4\">STATIC CAPACITY Co, ANO PARALLELING CAPACITY a Ct</td><td>0 TO 30 ppf</td><td rowspan=\"3\">\"0\" METER</td><td rowspan=\"3\">SEE f,</td><td rowspan=\"3\">CALIBRATE Co VS. DIAL SETTING. CC -C0</td><td rowspan=\"3\">MEASURE C. AT r.f. FOR WHICH CRYSTAL IS INACTIVE POSITION AND SHIELODIR OF CRYSTAL UNIT IS IMPORTANT</td><td>* 01 /Jpf</td></tr><tr><td>3 'r30O 150SOuuf</td><td>+ 0 2 p/1/f</td></tr><tr><td>ISO TO 2000 p f</td><td>i SUI f</td></tr><tr><td>100 TO 1100 up. f</td><td>TWIN-T IMPEDANCE-MEASURING CIRCUIT</td><td>._ SEE Rp</td><td>CALIBRATE CAPACITANCE DIAL</td><td>. _.</td><td>* 2 J f</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">SERIES- RESONANCE FREOUENCY,</td><td>t\" METER</td><td>METER</td><td>CRYSTAL i r</td><td>ADJUST LOCQ FOR MAXIMUM V. ADJUST r.f. FOR MINIMUM V.</td><td>USE SHORTED TERMINALS OR SMALLEST LOOP FOR INDUCTIVE COUPLING TO CRYSTAL UNIT</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R-F BRIDGE</td><td>R-F BRIDGE</td><td>_ _ _ SEE Rs AND RS (HIGH LEVEL)</td><td>~~~~~~~~ADJUSTr. f., AND RESISTANCE ARM OF BRIDGE FOR BALANCE</td><td>SHIELD WELL. NO F.M. IN OUTPUT OF r-f GENERATOR</td><td>i 1.5 IN 10</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">ANTIRESONANCE FREQUENCY, fo</td><td>\"0\" METER</td><td>\"O METER</td><td>STAL L0 CQ M A _ -</td><td>TUNEQ\"O METER TO fr. PLACE CRYSTAL UNIT IN PARALLEL WITH CQ. INCREASE r.f. FOR MAX. V. REMOVE CRYSTAL UNIT AND RETUNE \"Q' METER. REPLACE CRYSTAL UNIT AND READJUST r.f. FOR MAX V.</td><td>FOR MAXIMUM PRECISION ADJUST C0 FOR MAX.V. USE LARGE c RATIO 'Q\" METER ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IN</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>TWIN-T CIRCUIT</td><td>TWIN-T CIRCUIT</td><td>SEE Rp (LOW LEVEL)</td><td>ADJUST F. f., AND C0 ARM A OF BRID E FOR BALANCE</td><td>SHIELD WELL</td><td>* 2.5 IN Id'</td></tr><tr><td>EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE R,*AND REACTANCE ,Xe</td><td>0 TO 1000 OHMS TO 500 OHMS(AT 10 Mc.)</td><td>R-F BRIDGE</td><td>SEE RS</td><td>ROUTINE</td><td>SHIELD WELL. USE LOW r-f INPUT TO BRIDGE</td><td>* 0.2 OHMS \u00b1 2% * OHM 1%</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">ANTIRESONANCE IMPEDANCE,</td><td>5000 TO 10,000 OHMS 10,000 TO 00,000 OHMS 100,000 TO 5,000,000 OHMS lTAL</td><td>'0\" METER</td><td>1000T SEE 0,0 HM Q EE</td><td>SUBSTITUTION METHOD ADJUST r.f. E a FOR MAXIMUM V. AT EACH a C</td><td>FOR MAXIMUM PRECISION ADJUST Co FOR MAX. V.</td><td>5% OR BETTER *5% OR BETTER</td></tr><tr><td>1000 TO 18,000 OHMS</td><td>TWIN-T CIRCUIT</td><td>C6INT,XXA J E C9</td><td>ROUTINE</td><td>SHIELD WELL USE LOW r-f INPUT TO BRIDGE</td><td>4 2.5 %</td></tr><tr><td>0 TO 1000 OHMS</td><td>R-F BRIDGE</td><td>R (LOWLEVEL) r*</td><td>ADJUST r.f.,AND RESISTANCE ARM f +OF BRIDGE FOR BALANCE WITH CALIBRATED SILVER-MICA CONDENSERS IN PARALLEL WITH CRYSTAL UNIT</td><td>SHIELD WELL USE LOW r-f INPUT TO BRIDGE. NO fM. IN OUTPUT OF r-f GENERATOR</td><td>OHMS i 0.1 * 5 %</td></tr><tr><td>(HIGH LEVEL)</td><td>1000 TO 100,000 OHMS</td><td>SPECIAL RpHIGH LEVEL \"Q\" METER</td><td>T tI</td><td>SUBSTITUTION METHOD USE TO S WATT r-f INPUT</td><td>PERMIT CRYSTAL UNIT TOREACH TEMPERATURE EQUILIBRIUM</td><td>5 %</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">SERIES- RESONANCE RESISTANCE, R Rs</td><td>0 TO 1000 OHMS</td><td>R-F BRIDGE</td><td>SEE Rp (LOW LEVEL)</td><td>SEE fr</td><td>SEE f,</td><td>40. I OHM %*0</td></tr><tr><td>1000 TO 10,000 OHMS</td><td rowspan=\"2\">\"Q\" METER</td><td>fa SEE</td><td>SUBSTITUTION METHOD</td><td rowspan=\"2\">USE GOOD Lo COILS AND LOW L/CQ RATIOS</td><td>* 5%</td></tr><tr><td>0 TO 10 OHMS</td><td>LoB Chco Q rM)_</td><td>SUBSTITUTION METHOD</td><td>*2 5 %</td></tr><tr><td>AND f, (HIGH LEVEL)</td><td>~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 TO 100 OHMS</td><td>R ~ CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT</td><td>~ Li L CPISTAL</td><td>ADJUST L,0 FOR MAXIMUM I, SEILCALIBRATE AND Ep FOR DESIRED I VALUE ADJUST C, FOR MINIMUM V. - R X</td><td>1 AND V SE R, * I</td><td>NOT FULLY INVESTIGATED . . ,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>5,000 TO 5,000,000 OM</td><td>\"0\" METER WITH LOW Ca</td><td>CRYSTA Go-</td><td>ADJUST r. f. FOR MAXIMUM V. AT A VALUE HIGHER THAN f, R - talCQ</td><td>,V IS M U WHEN V IS MAXIMUM WHEN a CO AND Co FREQUENCY f, + A-f</td><td>NOT FULLY INVESTIGATED</td></tr></table>\n<br><caption id='113' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 6 Tabulation of measurement methods and the accuracies attained.</caption>\n<p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Authorized licensed use limited to: NIST Research Library. Downloaded on July 24, 2009 at 13:28 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3149978, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='24' style='font-size:22px'>TYPICAL ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS</h1>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>S DCL1005-D Series<br>Inductance vs. Frequency Characteristics</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='26' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"1000\n100nH\nInductance(nH) 100\n15nH\n10\n5.6nH\n1\n1 10 100 1000\nFrequency(MHz)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(124,179); bottom-right:(525,471)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Q vs. Frequency Characteristics</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='28' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"50\n5.6nH\n40\n30\nQ\n15nH\n20\n10 100nH\n0\n1 10 100 1000\nFrequency(MHz)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(640,176); bottom-right:(1025,474)\" /></figure>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>SDCL1608-D Series<br>Inductance vs. Frequency Characteristics</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='30' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"1000\nInductance(nH) 100 68nH\n10nH\n10\n3.3nH\n1\n1 10 100 1000\nFrequency(MHz)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(126,571); bottom-right:(523,858)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Q vs. Frequency Characteristics</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Q</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='33' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"75\n3.3nH\n60\n45\n10nH\n30\n68nH\n15\n0\n1 10 100 1000\nFrequency(MHz)\" data-coord=\"top-left:(643,566); bottom-right:(1027,861)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='34' style='font-size:16px'>Sunlord Park, Dafuyuan Industrial Zone, Guanlan, Shenzhen, China 518110 Tel: 0086-755-29832333 Fax: 0086-755-82269029 E-Mail: sunlord@sunlordinc.com<br>Specifications subject to change without notice. Please check our website for latest information. Revised 2021/05/15<br>Sunlord Industrial</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1456283, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>the circular hank of wire and the capacitor are best suited to exchange energy. The resonant frequency of<br>an L-C circuit is given by:</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='equation'>$$f_{r e s}=\\frac{1}{2\\pi\\sqrt{L C}}$$</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I f the hank of wire has an inductance of 10\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc3b, it will resonate with the 31,000\ud835\udf07\ud835\udc39 capacitor at a<br>frequency of:</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='equation'>$$f_{r e s}=\\frac{1}{2\\pi\\sqrt{L C}}=\\frac{1}{2\\pi\\sqrt{0.01\\times0.031}}=9.0\\,H z$$</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T his is getting awfully close to the 60 \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc67 mains frequency. A shorter piece of wire or a different size of<br>hank and we could be flirting with a nasty oscillation.</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he way to deal with this possibility is to reverse the direction of two halves of the coil. The magnetic<br>field generated by the current flowing through one half will be almost entirely offset by the magnetic field<br>generated by the current flowing through the other half. For coils of wire wound by hand, the offset will<br>never be perfect. But, it will reduce the inductance by a couple of orders of magnitude, so the resonant<br>frequency is shifted up and away from the mains frequency.</p>\n<h1 id='84' style='font-size:18px'>C onstruction</h1>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I t is not difficult to make a hank of wire. It is more difficult to figure out a way to include the hank in the<br>secondary circuit. Some ingenuity is called for. I was lucky and had access to an old electrical panel.<br>One of the fittings inside it was a mounting block for heavy-duty power fuses (100 Amp fuses). It was<br>perfect. I mounted it on the right-hand side of the unit, where it could balance some of the lopsided<br>weight of the rectifier-capacitor enclosure on the other side. The following picture shows the modified<br>Hobby-Weld from the front.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='86' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"Connector for\nexternal\nresistance\n~ 19 ~\" data-coord=\"top-left:(214,937); bottom-right:(1131,1570)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212720, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='2' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(148,146); bottom-right:(1100,922)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The antenna looks pretty much like an inductor with the red Smith chart trace circling mostly at the upper edge<br>of the Smith chart. The blue trace shows that almost all power is reflected by the antenna (absolute value of<br>reflection coefficient close to 1 = 0dB) if connected to the 50 Ohms source impedance of the VNWA.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>4. Parameter extraction</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The antenna can be described quite accurately by the following equivalent circuit:</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2059239, "type": "text", "content": "LTC1735-1\n\n\n \n\n# APPLICATIO U S I U FOR W ATIO U\n\n\n \n\nThe value of COSC is calculated from the desired operating \nfrequency assuming no external clock input on the PGOOD \npin:\n\n\n \n\n$$\\mathrm{{\\cal{C}\\\\!{\\mathrm{osc}}\\\\!\\left[\\\np\\mathrm{f\\right]=\\left[\\frac{\\textstyle1.6\\textstyle|(\\mathrm{{\\scriptstyle1}0}^{7})}}{\\mathrm{fieque}\\\\!\\mathrm{{\\scriptsize{le}}\\\\!l\no f\\right]-\\scriptstyle1}}}\\right]}-\\mathrm{{\\large{l}\\mathit{~t}}~}$$\n\n\n \n\nA graph for selecting COSC versus frequency is given in \nFigure 2. The maximum recommended switching fre- \nquency is 550kHz .\n\n\n \n\nThe internal oscillator runs at its nominal frequency (fO) \nwhen the PGOOD pin is pulled high (to INTVCC) though a \nseries resistor or connected to ground. Clocking the \nPGOOD pin above and below 1.2V will cause the internal \noscillator to injection-lock to an external clock signal \napplied to the PGOOD pin with a frequency between 0.9fO \nand 1.3fO. The clock high level must exceed 1.3V for at \nleast 0.3m s, and the clock low level must be less than 0.3V \nfor at least 0.3m s. The top MOSFET turn-on will synchro- \nnize with the rising edge of the external clock.\n\n\n \n\nAttempting to synchronize to too high of an external \nfrequency (above 1.3fO) can result in inadequate slope \ncompensation and possible loop instability at high duty \ncycles. If this condition exists, simply lower the value of \nCOSC so (fEXT = fO) according to Figure 2.\n\n\n \n\n1735-1 F02\n\n\nFigure 2. Timing Capacitor Value\n\n\n \n\nWhen synchronized to an external clock, Burst Mode \noperation is disabled but the inductor current is not \nallowed to reverse. The 25% minimum inductor current\n\n\n \n\nclamp present in Burst Mode operation is removed, \nproviding constant frequency discontinuous operation \nover the widest possible output current range. In this \nmode the synchronous MOSFET is forced on once every \n10 clock cycles to recharge the bootstrap capacitor. This \nminimizes audible noise while maintaining reasonably \nhigh efficiency.\n\n\n# Inductor Value Calculation\n\n\n \n\nThe operating frequency and inductor selection are inter- \nrelated in that higher operating frequencies allow the use \nof smaller inductor and capacitor values. So why would \nanyone ever choose to operate at lower frequencies with \nlarger components? The answer is efficiency. A higher \nfrequency generally results in lower efficiency because of \nMOSFET gate charge losses. In addition to this basic trade \noff, the effect of inductor value on ripple current and low \ncurrent operation must also be considered.\n\n\n \n\nThe inductor value has a direct effect on ripple current. The \ninductor ripple current IL decreases with higher induc- \ntance or frequency and increases with higher VIN or VOUT:\n\n\n \n\n$$\\Delta|_{\\mathrm{{L}}}={\\frac{\\mid}{(\\lceil1)}}\\sqrt{_{00\\mid}}\\left[1-{\\frac{\\mid}{\\sqrt{_{\\mathrm{{M}}}}}}\\right]$$\n\n\n \n\nAccepting larger values of IL allows the use of low \ninductances, but results in higher output voltage ripple \nand greater core losses. A reasonable starting point for \nsetting ripple current is IL = 0.3 to 0.4(IMAX). Remember, \nthe maximum IL occurs at the maximum input voltage.\n\n\n \n\nThe inductor value also has an effect on low current \noperation. The transition to low current operation begins \nwhen the inductor current reaches zero while the bottom \nMOSFET is on. Burst Mode operation begins when the \naverage inductor current required results in a peak current \nbelow 25% of the current limit determined by RSENSE. \nLower inductor values (higher IL) will cause this to occur \nat higher load currents, which can cause a dip in efficiency \nin the upper range of low current operation. In Burst Mode \noperation, lower inductance values will cause the burst \nfrequency to decrease.\n\n\n11\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212722, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The dominating contribution to the reflection coefficient at low frequencies comes from the inductance. We<br>therefore move the marker with the mouse to the left and read off the inductance value at low frequency to yield<br>L=1.54uH:</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='10' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(148,239); bottom-right:(1095,1007)\" /></figure>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Next, we read off the parallel resonance frequency caused by the parallel capacitor by finding the frequency<br>where the inductance value becomes zero between the resonance peaks to be f=49.7MHz.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 183718, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='112' style='font-size:22px'>UCD7242</h1>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>www.ti.com</p>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SLUS962B \u2013 JANUARY 2010 \u2013 REVISED AUGUST 2012</p>\n<br><h1 id='115' style='font-size:20px'>OPERATING FREQUENCY</h1>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Switching frequency is a key place to start the design of any DC/DC converter. This will set performance limits on<br>things such as: maximum efficiency, minimum size, and achievable closed loop bandwidth. A higher switching<br>frequency is, generally, going to yield a smaller design at the expense of a lower efficiency. The size benefit is<br>principally a result of the smaller inductor and capacitor energy storage elements needed to maintain ripple and<br>transient response requirements. The additional losses result from a variety of factors, however, one of the<br>largest contributors is the loss incurred by switching the MOSFETs on and off. The integrated nature of the<br>UCD7242 makes these losses drastically smaller and subsequently enables excellent efficiency from a few<br>hundred kHz up to the low MHz. For a reasonable trade off of size versus efficiency, 750kHz is a good place to<br>start.</p>\n<br><h1 id='117' style='font-size:20px'>VGG</h1>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If 4.75V < VIN \u2264 6V a simple efficiency enhancement can be achieved by connecting VGG_DIS and VGG directly to<br>VIN. This allows the solution to bypass the drop out voltage of the internal VGG linear regulator, subsequently<br>improving the enhancement of the MOSFETs. When doing this it is critical to make sure that VGG never exceeds<br>the absolute maximum rating of 7V.</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>INDUCTOR SELECTION</p>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>There are three main considerations in the selection of an inductor once the switching frequency has been<br>determined. Any real world design is an iterative trade off of each of these factors.</p>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>1. The electrical value which in turn is driven by:</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>(a) RMS current<br>(b) The maximum desired output ripple voltage<br>(c) The desired transient response of the converter</p>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2. Losses</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(a) Copper (PCu)</p>\n<br><h1 id='125' style='font-size:18px'>(b) Core (Pfe)</h1>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>3. Saturation characteristics of the core</p>\n<br><h1 id='127' style='font-size:20px'>INDUCTANCE VALUE</h1>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The principle equation used to determine the inductance is:</p>\n<br><p id='129' data-category='equation'>$$\\mathbf{v}_{\\mathrm{{L}}}\\left(\\mathbf{t}\\right)=1\\quad{\\frac{\\mathrm{d}{\\mathbf{\\hat{k}}}}{\\mathrm{dt}}}$$</p>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(3)</p>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>During the on time of the converter the inductance can be solved to be:</p>\n<br><p id='132' data-category='equation'>$$\\mathrm{1}=\\frac{\\displaystyle\\sqrt{_{\\mathrm{{iN}}}~-~V_{\\mathrm{{OUT}}}}}{\\displaystyle\\frac{\\displaystyle\\mathrm{D}}{\\displaystyle\\Delta}}\\bigg(\\ln\\mathrm{\\large~x~})$$</p>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Where:</p>\n<br><caption id='134' style='font-size:16px'>(4)</caption>\n<table id='135' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>VIN</td><td>Input Voltage</td></tr><tr><td>VOUT</td><td>Output voltage</td></tr><tr><td>fs</td><td>Switching frequency</td></tr><tr><td>D</td><td>Duty cycle (VOUT/VIN for a buck converter)</td></tr><tr><td>\u0394I</td><td>The target peak to peak inductor current.</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In general, it is desirable to make \u0394I large to improve transient response and small to reduce output ripple<br>voltage and RMS current. A number of considerations go into this however, \u0394I = 0.4 IOUT results in a small ILRMS<br>without an unnecessary penalty on transient response. It also creates a reasonable ripple current that most<br>practical capacitor banks can handle. Here IOUT is defined as the maximum expected steady state current.</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Plugging these assumptions into the above inductance equation results in:</p>\n<footer id='138' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright \u00a9 2010\u20132012, Texas Instruments Incorporated</footer>\n<br><footer id='139' style='font-size:14px'>Submit Documentation Feedback 19</footer>\n<br><footer id='140' style='font-size:14px'>Product Folder Links: UCD7242</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given an initial inductance value of 1.54 μH, convert this to nanoHenries. Then, if the operating frequency increases causing a need to adjust this inductance by an additional 600 nH, calculate the new inductance in μH and explain the possible effect on the parallel resonance frequency if no other changes are made.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 823, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 270181, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Our net zero carbon strategy</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:18px'>1. Reduce operational energy use</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Meeting our science-based target<br>11\u00a0years\u00a0early</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In 2016, we became the first commercial real<br>estate company in the world to set a science-<br>based carbon reduction target \u2013 which was to<br>reduce carbon intensity by 40% by 2030, from<br>a 2013/14 baseline. This year we achieved our<br>target 11 years early, having reduced our carbon<br>intensity by 48% since 2013/14.</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>Setting an ambitious new carbon target</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Following the success in achieving our original<br>science-based carbon target, and in response<br>to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate<br>Change (IPCC) report on the impacts of global<br>warming of 1.5\u00b0C, we have made our carbon<br>reduction commitments more ambitious.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The IPCC report made it clear that the world<br>should aim to limit global warming to 1.5\u00b0C<br>to mitigate against the worst effects of global<br>warming. In line with the Science Based Targets<br>initiative\u2019s new methodology for 1.5\u00b0C targets,<br>we have formulated a new target of a 70%<br>reduction in absolute carbon emissions from<br>Scope 1, 2 and 3 (Scope 3 being downstream<br>leased assets we procure energy for) by 2030,<br>against a 2013/14 baseline. This has been<br>approved by the Science Based Targets initiative.<br>This year we reduced our carbon emissions by<br>42% in line with the updated target.</p>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:16px'>Reducing energy use across our portfolio</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A key way we can reduce carbon is by lowering<br>the energy use of our assets, and this has the<br>additional benefit of reducing our customers\u2019<br>energy costs. In line with our ISO 50001 Energy<br>Management System, every property we<br>operate has its own energy reduction plan.<br>These plans look at retrofitting energy-efficient<br>equipment, optimising our buildings to use less<br>energy, and working with our customers to<br>reduce the energy they use in their spaces.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our Hatfield Galleria Outlet Centre has installed<br>corridor temperature sensors which has allowed<br>closer monitoring of our energy usage and<br>allowed early switch off of gas burning boilers.<br>This has achieved a 75.5% reduction is gas use<br>and an overall reduction of 13% in energy use<br>at the site.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>To optimise our buildings, we provide detailed<br>energy reports to some of our customers with<br>the largest energy consumption, to help them<br>reduce their energy use. The reports showed<br>how they were using energy in their spaces,<br>and made recommendations to reduce<br>energy wastage. After following some of our<br>recommendations, one customer reduced<br>their energy use by 9%.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>These interventions supported our decrease in<br>energy intensity against our 2013/14 baseline,<br>by a further 4% when compared to last year,<br>and it is now 22% below our 2013/14 baseline.<br>We therefore remain on track to achieve our<br>2030 target of a 40% energy reduction.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Within our commercial developments, we are<br>using the Design for Performance approach<br>to set energy intensity targets for our base<br>building performance, in line with achieving<br>our 2030 targets. This tool aims to close the<br>performance gap by ensuring that new office<br>developments operate as efficiently as they<br>were designed to.</p>\n<br><h1 id='13' style='font-size:18px'>2. Invest in renewable energy</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3310911, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='20' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>AEDIFICA</td><td>LETTER TO THE</td><td>SUSTAINABILITY</td><td>OUR</td><td>CORPORATE</td><td>SUSTAINABLE</td><td>EPRA</td><td>GRI</td></tr><tr><td>AT A GLANCE</td><td>STAKEHOLDERS</td><td>STRATEGY</td><td>STAKEHOLDERS</td><td>GOVERNANCE</td><td>BUILDINGS</td><td>CONTENT TABLE</td><td>CONTENT INDEX</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:22px'>3.6 Action plan</h1>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We have carefully defined an action plan with objectives that are to be reached by 2025 at the latest. These<br>objectives mark the first phase of Aedifica\u2019s net zero carbon pathway. As indicated, some of the objectives<br>have been updated and one new objective has been added.</p>\n<table id='23' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Aedifica materiality</td><td>Actions (AED)</td><td>Portfolio/HQ</td><td>Date</td><td>Current status</td><td>KPIs</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Environmental</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"5\">Lifecycle assessment of the portfolio - toward a net zero future</td><td>Include energy performance of buildings in assessment of potential investments - accquisitions, developments and redevelopment - as well as divestments</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>2023</td><td>Ongoing</td><td>Implement new ESG criteria for all investment decisions by 2023</td></tr><tr><td>Set up sustainability requirements for external suppliers and service providers</td><td>Portfolio and HQ</td><td>2021</td><td>Implementation prepared</td><td>Define standard terms to be included in contracts</td></tr><tr><td>Perform recurring analysis on the technical maintenance condition of the buildings following the NEN 27671 standard</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>Recurring</td><td>Ongoing (2020 = 56%)</td><td>% of buildings for which NEN2767 has been reviewed in past 24 months</td></tr><tr><td>2 Use EPC (or similar) standard for determining energy use intensities. These will be the basis for developing business plans toward net zero emissions per asset. Achieve EPC coverage of 80% of the portfolio.</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>2023</td><td>Ongoing (2020 = 57%)</td><td>% of assets with EPC</td></tr><tr><td>3 Set up sustainable development framework</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>2023</td><td>To be initiated</td><td>Framework implemented for new development contracts</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Climate change adaptation</td><td>2 Reduce landlord emisisons (scope 1 and scope 2) by 20%</td><td>Portfolio and HQ</td><td>2025</td><td>Ongoing</td><td>% CO2 decrease measured per employee</td></tr><tr><td>2 Recurring analysis using sustainability framework - part of our building assessment - for each of our buildings</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>Recurring</td><td>Ongoing</td><td>% of buildings for which sustainability framework has been reviewed in past 24 months</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Energy management</td><td>Encourage tenants to procure electricity from renewable energy sources</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>2025</td><td>Ongoing (2020 = 18% of assets)</td><td>% of portfolio (weighted by m\u00b2)</td></tr><tr><td>Target energy monitoring of 80% of the portfolio in cooperation with our tenants. Tenants will be provided with feedback on these numbers</td><td>Portfolio</td><td>2025</td><td>On track (2020 = 70%)</td><td>Data coverage</td></tr></table>\n<p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Dutch technical standard, internationally acknowledged.<br>2. ADJ: Adjusted action.<br>3. NEW: New action.</p>\n<footer id='25' style='font-size:14px'>13<br>AEDIFICA - 2020 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 95852, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>KEY FY21 RESULT HIGHLIGHTS</h1>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:22px'>13.7%</h1>\n<br><h1 id='4' style='font-size:22px'>3.3%</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:14px'>Net distributable income<br>increase</h1>\n<br><h1 id='6' style='font-size:22px'>$1.53</h1>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NTA up 17.7% from $1.30 driven by a<br>$157.7m revaluation gain</p>\n<br><h1 id='8' style='font-size:20px'>6.45ps</h1>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Full year FY21 dividend<br>increased by 1.6%</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Annualised rent increase on rents<br>reviewed</p>\n<br><h1 id='11' style='font-size:20px'>$125m</h1>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A 3rd successful 7 year green bond<br>issue</p>\n<footer id='13' style='font-size:16px'>12 \u2014</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2547382, "type": "text", "content": "POTENTIAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS \u2013 OPERATIONS SCOPE 1 & 2\n\n\n \n\n# \uf0a7 Realistic target 65% \nemission reduction \nby 2030.\n\n\n\uf0a7 Targets to be refined \nthrough further energy \nsupply analysis early \n2021\n\n\n23\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 95853, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='14' style='font-size:16px'>BIG CORPORATE GOALS - 2031</h1>\n<br><h1 id='15' style='font-size:20px'>>50%</h1>\n<br><h1 id='16' style='font-size:22px'>CO2</h1>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Of the portfolio to be green<br>assets</p>\n<br><h1 id='18' style='font-size:14px'>Target carbon neutral</h1>\n<br><h1 id='19' style='font-size:18px'>>50%</h1>\n<h1 id='20' style='font-size:14px'>Of total debt finance being green<br>non-bank funding</h1>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:20px'>-30%</h1>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:18px'>>$3bn</h1>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:14px'>Reduction in carbon emissions by<br>2031</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Portfolio activity will result in<br>increased scale through<br>acquisitions and green<br>developments</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Greater engagement and bigger<br>contribution to social initiatives.<br>\u201cChanging lives, saving lives.\u201d</p>\n<footer id='26' style='font-size:14px'>13 \u2014</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3363512, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='26' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(896,112); bottom-right:(1096,213)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:18px'>1. Introduction</h1>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To date, financial institutions with over $70 trillion have pledged net zero portfolios by 2050,<br>including the setting of interim 2030 targets that encompass all emission scopes (UNFCCC,<br>2021). Promoted by a growing recognition of climate-related risks and the role of finance in<br>mitigating climate change, these commitments can contribute to the delivery of Article 2c of<br>the Paris Agreement, namely for capital flows to be \u201cconsistent with a pathway towards low<br>greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development\u201d (United Nations, 2015).<br>Achieving this goal is critical for securing a low-carbon future. The IPCC estimate that limiting<br>rises in global mean temperatures to 1.5\u00b0C above pre-industrial levels will require investment<br>in energy systems alone of $2.4trn annually between 2016 and 2025, equivalent to 2.5% of<br>world GDP (IPCC, 2018).</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Despite this challenge, when considering the climate alignment of financial portfolios,<br>a significant amount of focus has been placed on stocks of capital rather than flows of capital.<br>Examples of this include portfolio temperature alignment scores (CDP & WWF, 2020) and<br>portfolio carbon accounting (PCAF, 2020). Furthermore, metrics such as carbon intensity<br>(Hunt & Weber, 2019), shadow impact (Ritchie & Dowlatabadi, 2014) and greenhouse gas<br>exposure (Monasterolo, Battiston, Janetos, & Zheng, 2017) do not explicitly account for capital<br>flows. Recent consultations by the Taskforce for Climate-Related Disclosures on forward<br>looking metrics (TCFD, 2020), the Net-Zero Asset Owner Alliance on a target setting protocoli<br>(UNEP FI, 2020) and the Institutional Investor Group on Climate Change on net zero investing<br>(IIGCC, 2020) also all appear to focus on total portfolio holdings rather than flows.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>These methods provide useful insights, by, for example, tracking exposure to climate<br>risks. Yet Climate Risk Management (CRM) and Alignment with Climate Outcomes (ACO) \u2013<br>or climate \u201cimpact\u201d \u2013 are not one and the same (Caldecott, 2020). A key transmission<br>mechanism to drive ACO is through capital allocation, which can affect asset prices and the<br>cost of capital faced by companies in the real economy (Caldecott, 2020; Caldecott, Harnett,<br>Clark, & Koskelo, 2021). Building on Brest and Born (2013) and Brest, Gilson, and Wolfson<br>(2018), K\u00f6lbel, Heeb, Paetzold, and Busch (2020) define investor impact as \u201cthe change that<br>investor activities achieve in company impact\u201d, and company impact as \u201cthe change that<br>company activities achieve in social and environmental parameters\u201d. In this context, changes<br>in the cost of capital can affect the ability of companies to finance operations and expand, both<br>in low and high-carbon sectors, thereby linking investor impact with company impact. This<br>transmission mechanism is the subject of this paper with respect to equity and bonds, which</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 269939, "type": "text", "content": "# Our net zero carbon strategy\n\n\n \n\n# 1\\. Reduce operational energy use\n\n\n \n\nMeeting our science-based target \n11 years early\n\n\n \n\nIn 2016, we became the first commercial real \nestate company in the world to set a science- \nbased carbon reduction target \u2013 which was to \nreduce carbon intensity by 40% by 2030, from \na 2013/14 baseline. This year we achieved our \ntarget 11 years early, having reduced our carbon \nintensity by 48% since 2013/14.\n\n\n# Setting an ambitious new carbon target\n\n\n \n\nFollowing the success in achieving our original \nscience-based carbon target, and in response \nto the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate \nChange (IPCC) report on the impacts of global \nwarming of 1.5\u00b0C, we have made our carbon \nreduction commitments more ambitious.\n\n\nThe IPCC report made it clear that the world \nshould aim to limit global warming to 1.5\u00b0C \nto mitigate against the worst effects of global \nwarming. In line with the Science Based Targets \ninitiative\u2019s new methodology for 1.5\u00b0C targets, \nwe have formulated a new target of a 70% \nreduction in absolute carbon emissions from \nScope 1, 2 and 3 (Scope 3 being downstream \nleased assets we procure energy for) by 2030, \nagainst a 2013/14 baseline. This has been \napproved by the Science Based Targets initiative. \nThis year we reduced our carbon emissions by \n42% in line with the updated target.\n\n\n# Reducing energy use across our portfolio\n\n\n \n\nA key way we can reduce carbon is by lowering \nthe energy use of our assets, and this has the \nadditional benefit of reducing our customers\u2019 \nenergy costs. In line with our ISO 50001 Energy \nManagement System, every property we \noperate has its own energy reduction plan. \nThese plans look at retrofitting energy-efficient \nequipment, optimising our buildings to use less \nenergy, and working with our customers to \nreduce the energy they use in their spaces.\n\n\nOur Hatfield Galleria Outlet Centre has installed \ncorridor temperature sensors which has allowed \ncloser monitoring of our energy usage and \nallowed early switch off of gas burning boilers. \nThis has achieved a 75.5% reduction is gas use \nand an overall reduction of 13% in energy use \nat the site.\n\n\nTo optimise our buildings, we provide detailed \nenergy reports to some of our customers with \nthe largest energy consumption, to help them \nreduce their energy use. The reports showed \nhow they were using energy in their spaces, \nand made recommendations to reduce \nenergy wastage. After following some of our \nrecommendations, one customer reduced \ntheir energy use by 9%.\n\n\n \n\nThese interventions supported our decrease in \nenergy intensity against our 2013/14 baseline, \nby a further 4% when compared to last year, \nand it is now 22% below our 2013/14 baseline. \nWe therefore remain on track to achieve our \n2030 target of a 40% energy reduction.\n\n\n \n\nWithin our commercial developments, we are \nusing the Design for Performance approach \nto set energy intensity targets for our base \nbuilding performance, in line with achieving \nour 2030 targets. This tool aims to close the \nperformance gap by ensuring that new office \ndevelopments operate as efficiently as they \nwere designed to.\n\n\n \n\n# 2\\. Invest in renewable energy\n\n\n \n\nSince 2016, all the electricity we procure is \nREGO-backed renewable and we are looking \nto move our procurement towards direct \npurchasing from renewable projects through \nPower Purchase Agreements (PPA).\n\n\nWe aim to increase the amount of renewable \nelectricity we generate on our sites. Our current \non-site renewable electricity capacity is 1.5 MW, \nhalfway to our commitment of achieving 3 MW.\n\n\n \n\n# 3\\. Use an internal shadow price \nof carbon\n\n\n \n\nTo support our net zero ambitions, we calculate \nan internal shadow price of carbon, so we can \nconsider the carbon cost as well as the financial \ncost when making investment decisions.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2609167, "type": "text", "content": "We can take concrete actions either bottom-up through stringent \nsecurity selection or top-down through reallocation of capital \nbetween asset classes. Some of the actions that we have taken in \nthe LGT endowment over the last three years include:\n\n\n \n\n\u0083 Avoiding/reducing exposures to single companies or entire \nsectors, especially those whose emission pathways are \nfundamentally inconsistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement. \nFor example, we have excluded from our investment universe all \ncompanies that are involved in thermal coal production \n\u0083 Engaging with our managers has been and will remain a priority. \nWe were able to significantly reduce the carbon intensity of many \nmanagers\u2019 portfolios through intensive collaboration and the \nsetting of carbon budgets (see example of State Street Global \nAdvisors described earlier in the report) \n\u0083 Investing into climate solutions. For example, we have constantly \nincreased our allocation to green bonds and the renewable \ninfrastructure segment. Furthermore, our investment teams are \ncalled upon to continue identifying investments that can make a \npositive contribution to mitigating climate change \n\u0083 Reallocating capital away from concentrated transition and \nphysical risks (including the risk of stranded assets) into strategies \nand sectors that are much richer in sustainable and climate- \nrelated opportunities. For example, we shifted our dedicated \nallocations from conventional energy infrastructure and natural \nresource equities (i. e. extractive industries) into private equity, \nwhich offers a broad range of opportunities in low carbon \nintensive industries in the technology and service sectors\n\n\nWe continue to work on these dimensions as we progress towards \nour aim of aligning the entire portfolio with the emission pathway \nof the \u201cBeyond 2\u00b0C Scenario\u201d of the Paris Agreement. With this \napproach, we aim to make a meaningful contribution to mitigating \nthe damaging effects of climate change, while also enabling \ninvestors to benefit from attractive opportunities that arise from the \nensuing changes to the global economy.\n\n\n \n\nNet Zero Asset Managers initiative \nLGT CP recently joined the Net Zero Asset Managers \ninitiative, which aims to galvanize the asset management \nindustry to commit to a goal of net zero emissions.\n\n\nAs per March 2021, the Net Zero Asset Managers initiative \nhad a total of 73 signatories representing USD 32 trillion \nin assets under management. The initiative was originally \nlaunched in December 2020 as a commitment to support \nthe goal of net zero GHG emissions by 2050 or sooner, in \nline with global efforts to limit warming to 1.5\u00b0C.\n\n\nTo ensure real world progress ahead of 2050, the asset \nmanager signatories have committed to set interim targets \nfor 2030, consistent with a fair share of the 50% global \nreduction in GHG identified by the Intergovernmental Panel \non Climate Change (IPCC) to halt global warming at 1.5\u00b0C. \nSupporting the acceleration of action, signatories will \nsubmit an interim target, within a year of joining the \ninitiative, for the proportion of assets to be managed in line \nwith reaching net zero emissions by 2050 or sooner.\n\n\nAsset managers joining the initiative commit to \ntransparent and rigorous accountability. Signatories \nwill annually report progress against the TCFD \nrecommendations, including setting out a climate action \nplan and submitting this for review by peers. This will ensure \nthe approach applied is based on a robust methodology, \nconsistent with the Race to Zero criteria, and action is being \ntaken in line with the commitments.\n\n\n3535\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1597504, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='59' style='font-size:22px'>WORKING TOGETHER TO GREEN GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS</h1>\n<h1 id='60' style='font-size:20px'>ACHIEVING NET-ZERO EMISSIONS ACROSS THE GOVERNMENT OF<br>CANADA\u2019S OPERATIONS</h1>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Government of Canada is an important player in Canada\u2019s fight against climate change. It owns and manages<br>the largest fixed asset portfolio in Canada with 32,000 buildings, 30,000 vehicles, and 20,000 engineered assets<br>such as bridges and dams. Through the 2017 Greening Government Strategy, the Government set an ambitious<br>target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from federal facilities and conventional fleets by 40% below 2005<br>levels by 2030.</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Government of Canada is the largest public purchaser of goods and services in the country with purchases<br>of more than $20 billion a year. By including this procurement in the greening government strategies, the<br>Government will help make the transition to a circular, net-zero emissions economy. This will be achieved<br>through green procurement based on life cycle assessment principles, as well as through the adoption of clean<br>technologies and green products and services.</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Government of Canada has already achieved a more than 34% reduction in emissions from federal<br>facilities and conventional fleets, and is on track to meet the 40% target by 2030 or sooner. A number of federal<br>departments are investing in lower-carbon buildings and heat plants, energy efficiency, retrofits, clean electricity,<br>and are rightsizing their fleets.</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Greening Government Strategy applies to all core government departments and agencies. Crown<br>corporations with significant real property, fleet and procurement are encouraged to adopt the Greening<br>Government Strategy or an equivalent set of commitments including the commitment to net-zero emissions<br>by 2050.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To ensure the Government of Canada\u2019s operations reflect Canada\u2019s ambition, the proposed plan will do<br>the following:</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 The Greening Government Strategy has been updated to align with the new federal target to be net-zero<br>emissions by 2050 and accelerates the interim target for federal facilities and conventional fleet to a<br>40% reduction by 2025 (instead of 2030). The Government of Canada will also expand its scope to<br>include additional assets and enhance commitments related to climate resilience. In addition, the<br>updated strategy includes:</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2013 Procurement commitments to drive competitive market transformation in key sectors; these actions<br>can also incent major suppliers to set their own emissions reduction targets;</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2013 The inclusion of the national safety and security fleet towards the net-zero by 2050 target; and,</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2013 The procurement of clean technologies by federal departments and agencies.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Explore opportunities to transform the way the Government manages its federal real property portfolio<br>and to decarbonize its real property footprint.</p>\n<footer id='71' style='font-size:14px'>A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT AND A HEALTHY ECONOMY</footer>\n<br><footer id='72' style='font-size:16px'>58</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2609209, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>How we calculate portfolio emissions</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Portfolio emissions are calculated based on the Scope 1 and<br>Scope 2 greenhouse gases of each company in the portfolio.<br>The emissions attributed to the portfolio are determined by the<br>ownership share of the individual companies in the portfolio (size<br>of the portfolio position relative to the enterprise value, including<br>cash, of the respective company) and the company emissions.<br>The results are then aggregated to arrive at the overall portfolio<br>emissions, as shown in the simple example in Figure 31.</p>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The budget for the portfolio is calculated by combining two<br>different approaches. As some industries like electric power<br>generation, steel, or cement production, have homogenous<br>business activities with very high carbon emissions, climate<br>scenarios like the B2DS allocate specific emission budgets to these<br>activities, related to a typical measure of economic activity. These<br>specific models are called Sector Decarbonization Approaches<br>(SDAs).</p>\n<p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 31: Calculating portfolio emissions</p>\n<table id='112' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Company</td><td>Portfolio position (mln USD)</td><td>Company EV (mln USD)</td><td>Owner- ship share</td><td>Company emissions (1,000 t CO2 e)</td><td>P o r t f o l i o emissions (t CO2 e)</td></tr><tr><td>Company A</td><td>10</td><td>71,938</td><td>0,0139%</td><td>34,700</td><td>4,820</td></tr><tr><td>Company B</td><td>25</td><td>246,380</td><td>0.0101%</td><td>7,610</td><td>770</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>35</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5,590</td></tr></table>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Source: LGT CP</p>\n<p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>For all other lower emitting or heterogeneous business activities,<br>which typically comprise less than 25% of the carbon emissions of<br>economic activity, the so-called \u201cValue Added\u201d approach is used.<br>It determines a company\u2019s emissions budget for a given year by<br>considering the amount of CO2 allowed per dollar of gross profit,<br>according to the global emissions budget, and multiplying it by the<br>company\u2019s gross profit for that year.</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The benefits of carbon budgeting</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>With the framework described above, we adopted broadly<br>accepted concepts with sound quantitative grounding and made<br>them applicable to our investments. One of the benefits of using<br>SDAs for specific industries is that this explicitly takes into account<br>the different levels of \u201ccarbon emission allowances\u201d from Paris-<br>aligned climate scenarios for certain economic activities. A portfolio<br>can be Paris aligned and at the same time have exposure to critical<br>industries, which allows for a diversified investment portfolio. In<br>addition, the concept of Paris-aligned portfolios reaches much<br>farther than only investing into industries with low emissions.</p>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We have started to use our framework for listed equity portfolios,<br>as relevant data is widely available. At the same time, we are<br>working to expand this to an overall multi-asset portfolio, taking<br>into account various other asset classes. The challenges that remain<br>are not only conceptual, with the assessment of government debt<br>being the most obvious, but also consist of applying the concepts<br>to asset classes with very limited data available, such as private<br>markets.</p>\n<footer id='118' style='font-size:14px'>30</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If more than 50% of the portfolio by 2031 is aimed at being green assets while maintaining or increasing the current carbon emissions reduction target by 30%, calculate the minimum percentage of the total asset growth required to sustain the emissions reduction target, assuming a linear carbon reduction. How would this influence potential acquisition strategies?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 825, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3608758, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Download Ebook Smart Car Repair Manual</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Smart Car Repair Manual</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Eventually, you will no question discover a further experience<br>and achievement by spending more cash. still when? accomplish<br>you take that you require to acquire those every needs as soon<br>as having significantly cash? Why don't you try to get something<br>basic in the beginning? That's something that will guide you to<br>understand even more in this area the globe, experience, some<br>places, taking into account history, amusement, and a lot more?</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>It is your very own mature to play-act reviewing habit. in the<br>midst of guides you could enjoy now is smart car repair<br>manual below.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>You can search and download free books in categories like<br>scientific, engineering, programming, fiction and many other</p>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:14px'>Page 1/9</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3020962, "type": "text", "content": "# Download Smart Car Service Manual \nDownload.pdf\n\n\nInstant Download of Auto Repair Manuals, \nHaynes manuals, ... truck & SUV service \nrepair manuals for thousands of makes and \nmodels - get your online PDF service\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1004023, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='33' style='font-size:20px'>Access Free Automotive Service Manuals Free</h1>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:16px'>access comes in convenient ...</h1>\n<h1 id='35' style='font-size:16px'>GM N Cars 1985-95 Shop Manual Haynes. 376 pgs., 902 ill.</h1>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Auto Repair For Dummies, 2nd Edition (9781119543619) was previously published as Auto<br>Repair For Dummies, 2nd Edition (9780764599026). While this version features a new<br>Dummies cover and design, the content is the same as the prior release and should not be<br>considered a new or updated product. The top-selling auto repair guide--400,000 copies<br>sold--now extensively reorganized and updated Forty-eight percent of U.S. households<br>perform at least some automobile maintenance on their own, with women now accounting for<br>one third of this $34 billion automotive do-it-yourself market. For new or would-be do-it-<br>yourself mechanics, this illustrated how-to guide has long been a must and now it's even<br>better. A complete reorganization now puts relevant repair and maintenance information<br>directly after each automotive system overview, making it much easier to find hands-on fix-it<br>instructions. Author Deanna Sclar has updated systems and repair information throughout,<br>eliminating discussions of carburetors and adding coverage of hybrid and alternative fuel<br>vehicles. She's also revised schedules for tune-ups and oil changes, included driving tips that<br>can save on maintenance and repair costs, and added new advice on troubleshooting<br>problems and determining when to call in a professional mechanic. For anyone who wants to<br>save money on car repairs and maintenance, this book is the place to start. Deanna Sclar</p>\n<br><footer id='37' style='font-size:14px'>Page 7/10</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3021042, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:18px'>Download Smart Car Service Manual<br>Download.pdf</h1>\n<h1 id='21' style='font-size:14px'>automobiles for over many years.</h1>\n<h1 id='22' style='font-size:14px'>Tradebit merchants are proud to offer auto<br>service repair manuals for your Mercedes-</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3608750, "type": "text", "content": "# Download Ebook Smart Car Repair Manual\n\n\nbooks. No registration is required to download free e-books.\n\n\n# Smart Car Repair Manual\n\n\n \n\nThis state\u2019s consumers have won the right to access data being \ncollected by their cars, and now advocates want similar control \nover an array of other electronics. Makers of electronic devices, \nfrom ...\n\n\nAdvocates seek 'right to repair' law for electronics\n\n\n \n\nClick here to download now! Disconnected point solutions, \nspiraling infrastructure costs, lack of data integration? Many of \nthese dilemmas were brought to light during the pandemic as \nworker safety ...\n\n\nThe Smart Move to More Efficient and Safer Maintenance \nOperations\n\n\n \n\nA Fresno man now has thousands of dollars worth of damage to \nPage 2/9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1461455, "type": "text", "content": "# Get Free 2015 Smart Fortwo \nManual\n\n\n \n\n# CarGurus\n\n\n \n\nSmart Fortwo / City-Coupe Repair \nManual will be the most important \nmanual motorist and master. It is \nfrom this manual that you can get \nthe most important information \non the use, maintenance, \nelectrical equipment and, of \ncourse, repair, of these compact \ncity machines, manufactured \nfrom 1998 to 2004.\n\n\nSmart Service Repair Manual \nfree download | Automotive ... \nView and Download SMART \nFortwo owner's manual online. \nFortwo automobile pdf manual \ndownload. Sign In. Upload. \nDownload. Share. URL of this \npage: HTML Link: Add to my \nmanuals. ... Related Manuals for \nSMART Fortwo. Automobile \nPage 10/14\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 560231, "type": "text", "content": "at some online retailer or dealer website. My recommendations always go above\nand beyond \nwhat is offered here. Also, you can look over products that have had a high\nrate of performance \nafter 10 years and see what they are capable of for $55 or more. Finally, I\nknow what your car \nneeds so I've found a site called Jeep Parts for those interested.. Thanks for\nchecking off my \nfirst set of questions.. I love it. Hope you all have enjoyed my new work as a\nMotor Trend \ncontributor! Sincerely, Tom Schuler free online car manuals? I can look at how\nlong it took me \nto get in and out of the dealership (what you really should have purchased or\nused?), and I may \neven look at \"What you really need to know.\" Then I'll start seeing some\nbetter car-buyers and \nstart finding all I can about their real needs and experiences and looking at\nhow well all those \ninformation has been updated with and refined. free online car manuals? And if\nthe seller says \nthat's not necessary, the manual must also say no? Why do we have to explain\nwhy she doesn't \nmake it more difficult for you, if you must? I do get these questions from\nstrangers like you: \n\"Why is it harder for you than you are, or will you do better?\" and I just\nthought: \"Isn't that a \nnice question, really?\". And the answer from her blog? \"It depends. If the\nseller feels that \ngetting started with an online car kit improves the quality of your car, that\nis probably a good \nidea. (There are plenty people that don't feel this either. You can take a few\nmonths off as an \nexcuse to start out trying your hand at a car kit, if you want to be more of\nan 'entrepreneur'- type \nperson. The best decision you can make on yourself may depend on your\n'personal' experience, \nwhich many car makers seem to be missing when it comes to car maintenance.) I\nlike to \nsuggest a list \u00e2\u20ac\u201c and a free book on car maintenance, but it looks rather\nsilly and I'm going to \nassume that other blogs on the topic, like this one, do a much longer search\nsearch for those \nbooks for people who don't use one\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6\" but you get the picture. Is going\nonline car maintenance \nyour 'caveman's only plan?' I am sure your answer is: \"Yes- It depends on the\ntype of plan you \ntake. To begin with, the easiest type (with the exception of the basic car\nrestoration project) is \nthe classic car repair. They work so damn well, in many cases they have all of\nthe advantages of \nbeing built as one project as there really isn't a whole lot for me to make a\nmajor effort to finish \nand complete. (That being said, if there's a big project in your life I will\nbe much less sure that \nI'm right about my approach. I can be pretty certain of things, like the date\nas to not start using \nthat house, and I want a bigger house for myself that I can keep for 30 or 40\nyears!\" How long \n(in months? weeks)? Is it as quick as you would recommend? \"Well in any\nscenario the main \nbenefit of my service, at least for new car repairs, is that it allows I to\ncomplete a simple set of \nrepairs at the earliest possible time and at a quick pace. For most people we\nprovide the first car \nas being, 'done pretty soon'; but for most other people it's 'done in 15\ndays'. These may sound \nstrange. And on the whole I usually do just that (so to prevent people doing\nthose things, a car \nmust be pretty much done in between'). Of course I may feel that the service\nand cost on each \ncomponent is somewhat different, but no one knows much about which is more\nexpensive or \ndoes not use. Many folks say that 'going to do nothing after a month seems\nnice' \u00e2\u20ac\u201c most of \nthose that go, are always better off and should work with a repair team.\nHowever most do not, \nfor they have started a new project and are waiting to get the next one done.\nThe more \nexperienced, the better off we can be; the more we find our 'own place'.\" How\nwill I know when I \ndo want a new car? \"I always want a new car, and then I want to feel good\nabout it, so in early \n2017, I am starting car recovery. I always want to do the car when I am no\nlonger a car owner. I \nalways want to have enough room as I feel confident in it. For most cars, it\nwill stay the same. \nBecause once you have completed more and more of these types of repairs, you\nhave to make \nless of the changes you made to get it properly repaired. If you are not fully\nfully fully healed \nfrom a car problem, it will be a lot harder to repair the 'crabby' damage you\nhave done when you \nhave left it on the market with most consumers.\" Why should I be using \"my\ninsurance pays for \nit\"? \"I usually recommend paying for it because it makes me feel safe and you\nare more \nresponsible. Some people who buy the car think about it that way, and say that\nits 'one-time, \none-time deal' 'that takes longer, just doesn't make sense after all' (I think\nyou are mistaken, but \nno-one should use your own insurance unless the entire deal gets done and\ntheir car is properly \ninsured, but it seems logical, then they don't use their insurance at all. My\nresponse is that in \nsome cases 'getting repaired later' (for the cars I drive today) is not just\n'doing it later', but is \nprobably better off for the people who purchased the cars with a car\npurchase.' If you know \nsomeone with a car, then it is more helpful to have written and written this\ndown in advance, in \norder to have that knowledge on the books or on free online car manuals? Check\nout our \ncurrent car manuals below. Find or hire one of our new, trusted car care\nprofessionals online, \nhere. With more than 488,000 hours of driving knowledge in more than 6,000\nlocations, they will \nhelp you save money! Call 1-866-619-2032 or text \"Car\" to 4850 or email for\nquote or browse our \ncomprehensive list of automotive maintenance recommendations. Learn More...\nMore to Learn \nAbout a New Vehicle Replacement Program Award-winning auto mechanics can\nreturn to car \nrepair, including on-going or replacement parts repairs, car repairs and\nmechanical testing at a\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3020950, "type": "text", "content": "# Download Smart Car Service Manual \nDownload.pdf\n\n\nmost vehicles this means you\u2019ll filter \nthrough the various engine models and \nproblems that are associated with specific\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 103964, "type": "text", "content": "File Type PDF Car Body Repair Manual\n\n\nCar Body Repair Manual\n\n\n \n\nEventually, you will extremely discover a supplementary experience and exploit\nby spending more cash. nevertheless when? accomplish you take that you require\nto acquire those every needs considering having significantly cash? Why don't\nyou attempt to get something basic in the beginning? 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Also for: Fortwo series 451, Fortwo coup\u00e9,\nFortwo cabrio.\n\n\nSMART SERIES 451 SERVICE MANUAL Pdf Download | ManualsLib\n\n\n \n\nThis has to be the most comprehensivew workshop manual available for this\nvehicle. It is the very same information used by skilled Mercedes-Benz\ntechnicians working throughout the world. The detailed information contained\nwithin this workshop manual is quite simply stunning. An invaluable resource\nfor any owner.\n\n\nSmart Car Workshop Service Repair Manual\n\n\n \n\n>> Operator\u2019s Manual. smart fortwo coup\u00e9 and smart fortwo cabriolet\n\u00c94515848683W\u00cb\u00cd 4515848683 Order no. 6522 0058 13 Part no. 451 584 86 83\nEdition B 2013 www.smart.com smart - A Daimler brand Operator\u2019s Manual smart\nfortwo coup\u00e9 and smart fortwo cabriolet. Service and Literature Your\nauthorized smart center has trained technicians and Genuine smart Parts to\nservice your vehicle ...\n\n\n2013 smart fortwo coupe and cabriolet owner and operator ...\n\n\n \n\nSmart Car - Fortwo Workshop Repair Service Manual Compatible with All PC\nOperating Systems: Windows XP, 7, 8, 10 - 32bit & 64bit. Smart Car Fortwo PDF\nWorkshop Repair Service Manual Covers All Smart Car Fortwo W450 - W451\nVehicles 1998 to 2014. Just \u00a39.95 Euro USD exchange rate Click Here\n\n\nSMART CAR FORTWO PDF Workshop Service Repair Manual Download\n\n\n \n\nThis Smart Car repair manual is the most detailed and complete workshop\nservice repair manual available for Smart Car Vehicles. Every aspect of\nrepair, service, maintenance, wiring, diagnosis etc is covered in this Smart\nCar repair manual. This Smart Car workshop manual is the official factory\nmanual used by Smart Car main dealer repair garages.\n\n\nSmart Car Workshop Manual - WORKSHOP MANUALS\n\n\n \n\nCan't find your copy of the smart car owners manual? We got you covered. Pick\nyour fortwo's model year to download the official smart fortwo vehicle manual.\nHow-to-Videos; Manuals; Service and Maintenance ; Lifestyle Accessories;\nRecalls; Financing; Menu Close Vehicle Manuals It\u2019s the ultimate resource.\nFind and view your smart manual. Select your smart. 2018 smart EQ fortwo.\nOwner's Manual ...\n\n\nCopyright code : e274a74ffab32afbdee066c6a736fe63\n\n\nPage 1/1\n\n\nCopyright : c-dh.net\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering that newer Smart car models often incorporate updated technology, how would you evaluate the relevance of repair procedures from older manuals to newer models? Develop a plan for which additional resources or updates you might need to consult.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 826, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2983674, "type": "text", "content": "# 71\n\n\n# Classification of Students\n\n\n \n\n# General Academic \nInformation and Policies\n\n\nA student is classified in accordance with the semester hours of \ncredit earned as follows:\n\n\n \n\nClassification is determined by the current Bulletin, not the issue in \neffect when the student was admitted.\n\n\n \n\nFull-Time Status\n\n\n \n\nThe definition of full-time status for a regular semester is as follows: \n\u2022 Undergraduate students: a minimum of 12 credits \n\u2022 Graduate students: a minimum of 9 credits\n\n\n \n\nUndergraduate Grading System\n\n\n \n\nHonors Points Per\n\n\n \n\n*(Designates Honors Credit in combination with letter grade of C or better)\n\n\n \n\nThe marking system for CMU graduate students is described in the Gradu- \nate Bulletin.\n\n\n \n\nGrade Point Average\n\n\n \n\nThe grade-point average for undergraduate students is found by \ndividing the total honor points earned by the total graded hours.\n\n\n \n\nGrade Reports\n\n\n \n\nAt the end of each on-campus semester or session, students may \naccess their grades via CentralLink (Https://centrallink.cmich.edu).\n\n\n \n\nPoint Deficiency - Undergraduate Students\n\n\n \n\nA point deficiency is defined as the number of points lacking to make \na cumulative grade point average of 2.00.\n\n\n \n\n# Enrollment at Other Institutions\n\n\n \n\nA matriculated CMU undergraduate student who has enrolled at an- \nother college or university since his or her last enrollment at CMU must \nrequest that an official transcript be sent to the CMU Registrar\u2019s Office \nas soon as the course has been completed. Refer to the Transfer Credit \nPolicy in the Academic Policies and Procedures Section of this Bulletin.\n\n\n \n\n# Policy Requiring a Signed Major by \nCompletion of 56 Credit Hours\n\n\n \n\nAll students enrolled on the Mt. Pleasant campus are required to \ncomplete an authorization for a major or sign a statement of intent \nto major by the time they earn 56 hours of credit. Students\u2019 records \nwill be reviewed and a registration hold placed on students who have \ncompleted 56 hours and have not signed a major or a \u201cstatement of \nintent to major.\u201d\n\n\n \n\n# Class Attendance\n\n\n \n\nClass attendance regulations are not inflexibly spelled out. Upon the \nassumption that class attendance is a responsibility shared by adults, \nas teachers and class members, there is no university-wide regulation \nrequiring attendance by students, or requiring the instructor to excuse \nabsences from class or examination. \nMost classes meet for 50 or 75 minute periods. Students are tradi- \ntionally obliged to wait ten minutes for an instructor who is late in \nmeeting class.\n\n\n \n\n# Missed Class Policy\n\n\n \n\nStudents are expected to comply with an instructor\u2019s established \nattendance policy, and they should avoid classes where there would \nbe significant absences. In the case of an absence due to required \nattendance at a university-sponsored event such as a department \ntrip, performing arts activity, ROTC function, or athletic competition, \nreasonable attempts should be made by faculty members to allow the \nstudent to make up missed work. Students are responsible for complet- \ning the work assigned or due on the days they are absent for these \nevents. Both the sponsoring unit and the student should inform the \nfaculty member as soon as possible in the semester so arrangements \ncan be made for completing missed assignments or tests. The student \nis required to provided each instructor with an official notification in \nadvance of the absence (e.g., a letter from the department chair or \nthe coach). Optimally, this would be done by the third week of the \nsemester, at the latest, so that the necessary arrangements for missed \nwork can be made well in advance.\n\n\n \n\nThe student must decide when, if ever, it is necessary to be absent. In \nmaking such a decision, the student must bear in mind that an instruc- \ntor is authorized to lower scholastic ratings if the student\u2019s absences \nor latenesses require this action. If a student finds it necessary to be \nabsent, an explanation should be made to the instructor of the class \nconcerning the cause of the absence. Whenever possible the student \nis to notify the instructor in advance of proposed class absences. The \ninstructor may choose to guide the student in making up work losses \ndue to absences, if the student requests such assistance. The Office \nof Student Affairs will assist students in notifying instructors when \nabsences are expected to extend for more than one week.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 580722, "type": "text", "content": "# ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS\n\n\nIn order to gain the most from school, each student must be in regular \nattendance. Classes will be held Monday through Thursday from 8:15-3:15 for \n1st-12th grades. K5 will have the option of a half-day schedule from\n8:15-11:45 \nor a full-day schedule from 8:15-3:15 (see tuition scale). A note or a phone\ncall \nby the parent or guardian to the school office must follow all absences within\n24 \nhours of the student\u2019s return to school or the absence will be considered \nunexcused.\n\n\nParents: Please call the school office before 9:00 a.m. if your child will not\nbe \nin school. This notification is a precaution to help protect all parties\ninvolved \nand to facilitate our record keeping. If parents would like their child\u2019s\nmakeup \nwork available in the school office by 3:15 p.m. a phone call by 9:00 a.m.\nmust \nbe made in order to guarantee time to get the assignments together.\n\n\nSchool policy and state law require that students be in school for at least\n90% of \nthe days during a semester. If a student misses more than 15 days per \nsemester for any reason, Bible Baptist Schools reserves the right to not give \ncredit. After an excused absence, a student should immediately check with the \nclassroom teachers concerning any assignments missed. In the event that work\nis \nassigned during the absence, the student will be allowed one day for each day \nmissed to make up those assignments. Assignments announced prior to the \nabsence are due upon either the first day back or the original due date,\nwhichever \nis later. Work not made up will be recorded as a zero. The student will not be \nallowed to make up work missed due to an unexcused absence.\n\n\nFor any class or subject that a student misses due to an unexcused tardy or \nabsence, he will not be allowed to make up the missed work for credit. Any \nstudent who misses more than 15 classes per semester for any reason is \nsubject to have to repeat that class for credit. If a student is absent for\nmore \nthan 10 minutes of a class, he is counted absent for that class period.\n\n\n# TARDINESS\n\n\nTardiness is extremely disruptive to the operation of school and has an\nadverse \neffect on your child\u2019s educational progress. Chronic tardiness is\nunacceptable.\n\n\nTardiness: Any student who is not in his assigned seat at 8:15AM when the bell \nrings is considered tardy. When a student is tardy, he must sign in at the\nschool \noffice before going to class. Every five tardies will be counted as one day \nabsent.\n\n\n \n9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 179452, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='13' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td>to College Attendance Regulations; however, a student may be reinstated by the Division Dean upon the recommendation of the instructor(s) and the Department Chair. An agreement from the student to make up all of the missed assignments, lab times and/or tests is required. S tudents have the right to initiate a drop request from any or all classes by informing the instructor and submitting a withdraw form through PasPort at www.laredo.eduOnline students must complete and submit the electronic drop form available within their course shell. During a regular semester, students will be withdrawn after being absent for any of the following reasons: 1. For six consecutive lecture hours which meets one hour three times a week. 2. Twice in a three-hour class that meets once a week; or 3. For four consecutive lecture hours that meets twice a week for 1 \u00bd hours each time. 4. For 20 percent of the total class time. 5- If the student never logs into their online class prior to certifying the rolls on the twelfth class day during a regular semester 6- If the student never logs into their online class prior to certifying the rolls on the sixth class day during an eight week flex entry course. 7- If the student fails to log-in fourteen consecutive days during a regular semester. A grade of \"W\" will be given through the Friday of the twelfth week of the semester for all drops initiated by the instructor or by the student. After the Friday of the twelfth week of the semester, a grade of \"F\" will be given to students that exceed the allowed number of absences even if they continue to attend or login to the course. During a summer session, students will be dropped after being absent for any of the following reasons: 1. For four consecutive lecture hours which meets five times a week. 2. For three consecutive lecture hours which meets three times a week or 3. For two consecutive lecture hours which meets two times a week or 4. For 20 percent of the total class time. 5.- For 20 percent of the total class time.</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:14px'>7-29-11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 834617, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='11' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td>3. For four consecutive lecture hours in a course that meets twice a week for 1 \u00bd hours each time. 4. For 20 percent of the total class time. A grade of \"W\" will be given through the Friday of the twelfth week of the semester for all drops initiated by the instructor or by the student (www.laredo.edu via PasPort). After the Friday of the twelfth week of the semester, a grade of \"F\" will be given. Exceptions require the approval of the Vice-President of Instruction. ummer Courses: a summer session, students will be dropped absent for the following consecutive For four consecutive lecture hours five times a week. For three three times For two consecutive times a grade of \"W\" the week of the summer initiated the instructor or the of the week of the summer session, a grade of \"F\" will be Exceptions require the approval of the Vice of Instruction. esponsibility for class attendance with the student. and punctual</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>S During after being days: 1. in a course that meets 2. consecutive lecture hours in a course that meets a week or 3. lecture hours in a course that meets two week or 4. For 20 percent of the total class time. A will be given through the Friday of fourth session for all drops by by student. After the Friday fourth given. President R rests Regular attendance is expected. I nstructors must drop students according to the College's attendance policy in a timely manner in order to comply with the requirements of external funding agencies. The last day that the student attended the class must be included in the drop slip. It is the student's responsibility to ensure that drop slips be completed and processed whether it is student-requested or faculty-initiated. Online Student Attendance Guidelines Attendance: Students are required to attend classes or log into online classes to remain enrolled. Students will be dropped from the class roster by the instructor according to College Attendance Regulations; however, a student may be reinstated by the Division Dean upon the</td></tr></table>\n<br><footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>7-29-11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 105516, "type": "text", "content": "# Game Theory in International Relations \nPolitical Science 410 \nSpring 2008 \nMonday and Wednesday 4:15-5:30, 067 Willard\n\n\nO\ufb03ce Hours: Monday and Wednesday \n10:00-12:00, and by appointment\n\n\n \n\nKyle A. Joyce \nO\ufb03ce: 314 Pond Laboratory \nPhone: 863-4331 \nEmail: kjoyce@psu.edu \nURL: www.personal.psu.edu/kaj174\n\n\n \n\nInternational relations\u2014and politics in general\u2014are complex. The events we\nobserve at the \nmacro-level (e.g., wars, trade, terrorism) are driven by the con\ufb02uence of many\nevents and \ndecisions that occur at the micro-level (e.g., in war: elite decision-making,\ndomestic politics, \nculture, state alliances, and so on). The tool that political scientists use\nto make sense of this \ncomplexity is modeling. A model is a simpli\ufb01cation of real-world phenomena\ninto a more \ntheoretically tractable form, through which we may better make sense of the\nworld. There \nare a variety of di\ufb00erent types of models that may be used, including non-\nmathematical, \ncomputer, and mathematical models. In this course we will investigate one type\nof mathe- \nmatical model: game theory. You may have heard of game theory before if you\nhave seen \nthe movie A Beautiful Mind, a biographical account of an important game\ntheorist, John \nNash, or if you have ever watched the TV show Numb3rs, in which Charlie\n(Professor of \nMathematics) helps his brother Don (FBI agent) solve crimes using mathematical\nmodels, \nincluding game theory. We won\u2019t be solving murder mysteries in this course,\nbut it will \nbe exciting nonetheless. Over the past twenty years game-theoretic models have\nbeen in- \ncreasingly used to study international relations, including war, terrorism,\ncrisis bargaining, \ndeterrence, and economic sanctions. These models have provided novel insights\ninto how \nand why outcomes in the political world look as they do.\n\n\nThis course introduces students to game theory, a mathematical tool that is\nused to examine \nthe strategic behavior between economic, political, or social actors. Game-\ntheoretic models \nare used to provide insight into outcomes (e.g., con\ufb02ict and cooperation) that\nare jointly \nproduced by choices made by distinct actors (e.g., states, groups, or\nindividuals). Those \nchoices are viewed as resulting from a decision process that is based on\nassumptions about \nthe goals actors have, about the knowledge those actors have about the goals\nof other actors, \nand about what those other actors may know in turn. By reducing real-world\nsituations to \na (necessarily over-simpli\ufb01ed) system of actors and decisions, we reveal\nimportant political \npatterns that help us understand phenomena like war, terrorism, and trade.\n\n\nThe course consists of a combination of lectures and in-class model building\nand solving, \nthe primary objectives of which are to introduce students to game theory and\nto demon- \nstrate how game-theoretic models can provide insights into international\nrelations. However, \nsince game theory is a mathematical tool, we will also be using mathematics.\nMathematical \nknowledge that is typically taught in high school algebra should be su\ufb03cient.\nAny additional\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2492415, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='2' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Class Final Exam\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.20% Lab\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026 40% \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..100%</td></tr><tr><td>GRADING SCALE:</td><td>A = 100-90% B = 89-80% C = 79-70% D = 69-60% T he Semester Progress Report will be available on Pasport (http://pasport.laredo.edu) The instructor will notify you when the grade will be available and for how long. Students must access the Semester Progress Report and Final grades through Pasport http://pasport.laredo.edu</td></tr><tr><td>ATTENDANCE REGULATIONS</td><td>ATTENDANCE REGULATIONS Attendance: Students are required to attend classes to remain enrolled. Students will be dropped from the class roster by the instructor according to College Attendance Regulations; however, a student may be reinstated by the Vice-President of Instruction and Student Development upon the recommendation of the instructor(s) and an agreement from the student to make up all of the missed assignments, lab times and/or tests. S tudents have the right to initiate a drop request from any or all classes by informing the instructor and submitting a drop slip to the Admissions/Registration Office. R egular Semester During a regular semester, students will be dropped after being absent: 1. For six consecutive lecture hours on Monday- Wednesday-Friday schedule; or 2. Twice in a three-hour class that meets once a week; or 3. For four consecutive lecture hours on Tuesday- Thursday or Monday-Wednesday schedule. 4. For 20 percent of the total class time. A grade of \"W\" will be given through the Friday of the twelfth week of the semester for all drops initiated by the instructor or by the student. After the Friday of the twelfth week of the semester, a grade of \"F\" will be given. Exceptions require the approval of the Vice- President of Instruction. S ummer Courses: During a summer session, students will be dropped after being absent for the following consecutive days:</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1984151, "type": "text", "content": "For this section of the course you will undergo standardized assessment \nusing the COPSystem and will narrow career options using your assessment \nresults. You will post to an assignment on Blackboard with additional grading \ncriteria provided in class.\n\n\n# 4\\. Midterms: 150 points (50 points per Midterm)\n\n\n \n\nThere are three midterm checkpoints listed on your Daily Schedule for \nMy10yearPlan interactive. Midterms are designed to keep everyone on the \nsame page in assessing who you are, what you want and how to get it. Stay \non top of your assignments to maximize what you get out of the course. YOU \nare the subject of this class, so it should be fun experience of self-\ndiscovery \nand planning for your future.\n\n\n5\\. Participation/in class activities: Extra Points\n\n\n \n\nThis class focuses on engaging activities, participation, interaction, self- \nreflection and communication, thus being on time and present is critical to \nyour success. Punctuality and engagement are essential transferable job- \nskills that will help you beyond your classroom experience.\n\n\n6 . Final Presentation (My 10-Year Plan and Portfolio): 100 Points\n\n\n \n\nOver the course of the semester, you will develop an online, comprehensive \n10-Year Career and Education Plan. Your final portfolio will include your 10- \nyear Plan along with a professional resume, cover letter, awards, \napplications, interview questions/responses, and any other support \ndocuments to help you prepare for your future. You will present your \nprofessional portfolio during the final class.\n\n\nAttendance\n\n\n1\\. A student who fails to attend the first meeting of a class or does not\ncomplete \nthe first mandatory activity of an online class will be dropped by the\ninstructor \nas of the first official meeting of that class. Should readmission be desired, \nthe student\u2019s status will be the same as that of any other student who desires \nto add a class. It is the student\u2019s responsibility to drop or officially\nwithdraw \nfrom the class. See General Catalog for details.\n\n\n2\\. Regular attendance in all classes is expected of all students. A student \nwhose continuous, unexcused absences exceed the number of hours the \nclass is scheduled to meet per week may be dropped. For online courses, \nstudents who fail to complete required activities for two consecutive weeks \nmay be considered to have excessive absences and may be dropped.\n\n\n3\\. Absences attributed to the representation of the college at officially\napproved \nevents (conferences, contests, and field trips) will be counted as \u2018excused\u2019 \nabsences.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2302213, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:18px'>The student\u2019s grade will depend on the following areas (not on total<br>points):</h1>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Semester Tests: There will be 5 tests (each worth 100 points). 500 points<br>Each test has two parts.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>a- Take home exam worth 40% of the grade. No make up will be given for<br>take home exam.</p>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:18px'>b- In class exam worth 60% of the grade. Time will be fixed in class.</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Final Exam: The final will be given on the last day of the semester worth<br>200 points. A score of 0 will be given if the final is missed.</p>\n<br><table id='25' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td></td><td>200 points</td></tr><tr><td>Quizzes:</td><td colspan=\"2\">Quizzes are usually given at the beginning or at the end of</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>class total worth 100 points. Total</td><td>100 points 800 Points</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Homework: Homework is on appointed date.<br>Extra Credit: 0% There is no extra credit. Students must learn the material to<br>pass this course. No make up test or Quizzes will be given. At the end of<br>semester students can have one make up one test in order to receive a better<br>grade. Their previous grade will not be used.<br>All grades are calculated by using the standard scale of: A = 100---90% B =<br>89---80% C = 79---70% D = 69---<br>60% F = 59% and below<br>Attendance, class participation and a subjective instructor\u2019s interpretation of work<br>may be used in assigning a final grade to borderline cases.</p>\n<br><table id='27' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Attendance</td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='28' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 A student who fails to attend the first meeting of a class or does not complete<br>the first mandatory activity of an online class will be dropped by the instructor<br>as of the first official meeting of that class. Should readmission be desired,<br>the student\u2019s status will be the same as that of any other student who desires<br>to add a class. It is the student\u2019s responsibility to drop or<br>officially withdraw from the class. See General Catalog for details.<br>\u2022 Regular attendance in all classes is expected of all students. A student<br>whose continuous, unexcused absences exceed the number of hours the<br>class is scheduled to meet per week may be dropped. For online courses,<br>students who fail to complete required activities for two consecutive weeks<br>may be considered to have excessive absences and may be dropped.<br>\u2022 Absences attributed to the representation of the college at officially approved<br>events (conferences, contests, and field trips) will be counted as \u2018excused\u2019<br>absences.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1984159, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>For this section of the course you will undergo standardized assessment<br>using the COPSystem and will narrow career options using your assessment<br>results. You will post to an assignment on Blackboard with additional grading<br>criteria provided in class.</p>\n<h1 id='42' style='font-size:14px'>4. Midterms: 150 points (50 points per Midterm)</h1>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There are three midterm checkpoints listed on your Daily Schedule for<br>My10yearPlan interactive. Midterms are designed to keep everyone on the<br>same page in assessing who you are, what you want and how to get it. Stay<br>on top of your assignments to maximize what you get out of the course. YOU<br>are the subject of this class, so it should be fun experience of self-discovery<br>and planning for your future.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>5. Participation/in class activities: Extra Points</p>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This class focuses on engaging activities, participation, interaction, self-<br>reflection and communication, thus being on time and present is critical to<br>your success. Punctuality and engagement are essential transferable job-<br>skills that will help you beyond your classroom experience.</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>6 . Final Presentation (My 10-Year Plan and Portfolio): 100 Points</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Over the course of the semester, you will develop an online, comprehensive<br>10-Year Career and Education Plan. Your final portfolio will include your 10-<br>year Plan along with a professional resume, cover letter, awards,<br>applications, interview questions/responses, and any other support<br>documents to help you prepare for your future. You will present your<br>professional portfolio during the final class.</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Attendance</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. A student who fails to attend the first meeting of a class or does not complete<br>the first mandatory activity of an online class will be dropped by the instructor<br>as of the first official meeting of that class. Should readmission be desired,<br>the student\u2019s status will be the same as that of any other student who desires<br>to add a class. It is the student\u2019s responsibility to drop or officially withdraw<br>from the class. See General Catalog for details.</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2. Regular attendance in all classes is expected of all students. A student<br>whose continuous, unexcused absences exceed the number of hours the<br>class is scheduled to meet per week may be dropped. For online courses,<br>students who fail to complete required activities for two consecutive weeks<br>may be considered to have excessive absences and may be dropped.</p>\n<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>3. Absences attributed to the representation of the college at officially approved<br>events (conferences, contests, and field trips) will be counted as \u2018excused\u2019<br>absences.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 105517, "type": "text", "content": "mathematics that is needed will be introduced in class and discussed at\nlength. That being \nsaid, the focus will be on the intuition behind game-theoretic concepts and\nthe application \nof these concepts to international relations. Additionally, since game-\ntheoretic models pro- \nduce predictions in the form of hypotheses (i.e., if-then statements) we will\nbe examining \nempirical evidence (e.g., case studies, statistical analysis, and laboratory\nexperiments) to see \nhow well game-theoretic models predict real-world behavior.\n\n\n# Readings\n\n\n \n\nThere is one assigned book for this course, which is available in the campus\nbookstore, but can \nbe purchased online for a potentially lower price (try www.amazon.com or\nwww.addall.com). \nNOTE: if you purchase the book online you should make sure that you get the\nsecond edi- \ntion, which is very di\ufb00erent from the \ufb01rst edition.\n\n\nAvinash Dixit and Susan Skeath. 2004. Games of Strategy, 2nd edition. New\nYork: W.W. \nNorton & Company.\n\n\nIn addition to the Dixit and Skeath book, we will be reading journal articles\nand book chap- \nters which will be available on ANGEL.\n\n\n# Evaluation\n\n\n \n\nYour grade for this course will consist of 3 parts:\n\n\n# 1\\. Exams (40%)\n\n\n \n\nThere will be two exams, which are scheduled to be given on March 24 and\nduring \nthe \ufb01nal exam period. Both exams will be in-class and closed book. The \ufb01nal\nexam \nis given during the period scheduled by the university. Each student is\nresponsible for \nknowing when and where the \ufb01nal exam is to be given. We will discuss together\nin \nclass the format of the exams. Each exam will count as 20% of your \ufb01nal grade.\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: Make-up exams will be given only in very extreme circumstances. Students \nneeding to take a make-up exam must have received approval by me well before\nthe \nexam date. A missed exam is assigned a grade of 0. If you miss an exam due to\nan \nillness or death in the family, I will require written veri\ufb01cation.\n\n\n \n\n# 2\\. Problem Sets (50%)\n\n\n \n\nThere will be ten homework assignments during the semester. These assignments\nmust \nbe handed in before the start of class on their due dates, which are listed on\nthe course \nschedule below. Each of these assignments will count as 5% of the course\ngrade.\n\n\n \n\nLate assignments will be marked down the equivalent of a full letter grade for\neach 24 \nhour period in which they are late. I will only make an exception to this\npolicy if 1) \nyou contact me in writing at least 7 days in advance to discuss a con\ufb02ict, or\n2) you \nprovide documentation of a severe illness or family emergency that prevented\nyou from \ncompleting the assignment on time.\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: Following the lectures will not be enough to do well in this class. You\nmust be \nable to work through the problems yourselves. In short, do the homework\nassignments.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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If a student plans to attend both lectures and office hours weekly throughout a 15-week semester, missing 4 office hours sessions due to unforeseen events, how many total hours will they spend participating in these class-related activities?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 828, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 899901, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='10' style='font-size:14px'>Workshop March 29, 2021</h1>\n<br><table id='11' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td colspan=\"3\">[finished - generate]</td><td>Page 17</td></tr><tr><td>finished 40:6 152:11 firing 25:2,9,15 firmly 87:16 firms 56:4,5 first 7:11 9:14 15:10 17:5 20:17 23:22 27:3 28:18 35:20 37:1 39:6 41:1 43:2 53:22 54:19 60:2 68:14 69:10 79:2 85:13 85:21,21 92:5 113:20 119:17 120:11,11 130:6 130:11 131:5 136:7 146:3 148:12,17 149:1 157:8,10 158:16 161:17 165:4 176:11 184:6 fish 112:20 163:21 fishmeal 24:1 fit 139:3 five 86:7 117:12 147:2,4 148:5 184:5 flavonoids 18:20 flexibility 51:17 51:19 53:11 fluids 17:15 21:20 fnds 163:18 182:2 focus 59:19 144:6 fold 124:3 follow 120:20 122:9 127:4 167:9 178:19 179:1 followed 7:14 following 116:4 165:2 followup 120:21 123:12 127:9,14 127:15 130:14,14 132:14</td><td>food 1:11 23:20 24:22 25:5 26:10 26:13 29:12 36:18 38:22 56:21 71:11 74:12,12,18,21 75:6 78:6 80:4 112:18 113:5,7 114:4 134:3,5 139:9 149:15 150:7 foods 24:8,9,18 25:1 112:19 114:2 114:10 124:16 147:17 149:20,20 149:21 151:11 158:8 168:14 force 5:21 38:9 43:5,8 44:5 59:7 foregoing 185:3 186:4 foresaw 43:6 forget 178:10 form 17:18 18:1,2 18:11 25:13 34:16 85:8 86:11 153:16 154:1 17:10 18:15 formally 11:8 formation 9:6 15:5,12,14 24:10 25:3 26:21 27:1,7 27:16,20 30:5 31:4,4,5,9 32:20 33:18 34:6,10 35:8,11 37:11,13 39:12 41:3 46:7 46:16 51:21 55:17 55:20 56:7 60:5 61:2,8,10,16,20 62:4,14,17 63:3 69:5,14 71:5 74:5 74:7,11,17,21</td><td>75:19 79:20 92:10 92:15 102:17 147:15 148:8 149:2,9 154:5 155:5 156:14,17 156:21 157:4 158:5 159:16,17 159:18 160:3,6 164:2,6 166:12 formed 46:9 56:22 60:6,14 76:5 147:16 155:12 166:17,20,21 former 77:22 forming 85:9 152:10 153:3 155:13,14 forms 153:14,15 formulated 155:10 formulation 46:15 55:18 153:13 155:20,21 157:1 formulations 153:22 155:16 forth 70:3 forward 59:1,13 82:22 140:3 found 12:3 20:18 23:18 25:3 29:8 62:18 65:20 67:2 67:8 74:18 118:11 120:3 146:8 151:20 156:8 165:3,5 176:14 179:18 foundational 6:15 four 86:6 fraction 62:21 fraught 154:15 frequency 49:2 frequently 64:16 freund 9:14</td><td>front 183:9 fruit 8:6 fruits 114:8 full 139:14 144:6 function 29:4 103:16 furan 34:20 further 7:10 29:3 44:10 56:17 60:1 75:12 78:2 80:3 86:20 87:13 99:15 130:15 133:3 152:14 162:2 185:11 186:9 future 89:6 g g 4:1 gap 58:18 gaps 8:13 36:22 gastric 16:19 27:5 27:7 gastrointestinal 27:22 28:4 157:11 158:17 gathered 6:12 gdl 129:5 gene 106:5 120:21 122:16 173:18 174:7 general 9:1 47:21 59:20 64:6 98:18 100:5 123:17 125:15 140:20 161:13,17 172:9 generalization 182:19 184:2 generalize 163:13 generally 62:11 85:22 86:8 98:17 98:21 105:9 142:20,22 155:2 generate 8:19 22:17 72:15 93:20 105:5</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>153:19 165:16 formaldehyde</td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>www.CapitalReportingCompany.com<br>202-857-3376</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 81041, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Garand Collectors Association Journal - Spreadsheet Search<br>Created and Maintained by Eric A. Nicolaus - Email: themerc@nicolausassociates.com</header>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2058970, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Published: Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, pp. 159-170. DOI:<br>http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/dh.12230987.0001.001</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>v an Faassen, M., R. Hoekstra, J. Ensor. 2015. Ruptured Life Courses : Institutional and<br>Cultural Influences in Transnational Contexts. DH2015 Global Digital Humanities<br>Conference Abstracts. 2015.<br>http://dh2015.org/abstracts/xml/VAN_FAASSEN_Marijke_Ruptured_Life_Courses__Instit/VA<br>N_FAASSEN_Marijke_Ruptured_Life_Courses__Institutiona.html</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G ibbs, F., T. Owens. 2013. The Hermeneutics of Data and Historical Writing. In Kristen<br>Nawrotzki; Jack Dougherty. Writing History in the Digital Age. University of Michigan Press,<br>2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/dh.12230987.0001.001 .</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G laser, B. G., and A.L. Strauss. 2009. The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for<br>qualitative research. Transaction publishers.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G raham, S., I. Milligan, and S. Weingart. 2015. Exploring Big Historical Data: The Historian\u2019s<br>Macroscope. London, Imperial College Press, 2015, ISBN: 9781783266371.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G roth, P., Y. Gil, J. Cheney, and S. Miles. 2012. \u201cRequirements for provenance on the web.\u201d<br>International Journal of Digital Curation 7(1).</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G uiliano, J. 2017. Toward a Praxis of Critical Digital Sport History. Journal of Sport History,<br>Volume 44, Number 2, Summer 2017, pp. 146-159.</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G uldi, J., and D. Armitage. 2014. The History Manifesto Cambridge: Cambridge University<br>Press.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H itchcock, T. 2013. Confronting the Digital - Or How Academic History Writing Lost the Plot.<br>Cultural and Social History, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp. 9-23.<br>https://doi.org/10.2752/147800413X13515292098070</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H oekstra, R. 2007. Correspondentie totaal. Patronen en trends in de briefwisseling van<br>Willem van Oranje. In: Eef Dijkhof, Michel van Gent(eds), Uit diverse bronnen gelicht.<br>Opstellen aangeboden aan Hans Smit ter gelegenheid van zijn vijfenzestigste verjaardag,<br>The Hague: Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis, pp.117-131<br>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283725888_Correspondentie_totaal_Patronen_en<br>_trends_in_de_briefwisseling_van_Willem_van_Oranje</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>H uistra, H., and B. Melink. 2016. Phrasing history: Selecting sources in digital repositories.<br>Historical Methods, 49:4, 220-229.</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>J oachims, T., Granka, L., Pan, B., Hembrooke, H., Radlinski, F. and Gay, G., 2007.<br>Evaluating the accuracy of implicit feedback from clicks and query reformulations in web<br>search. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), 25(2), p.7.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 942130, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>36. Lovelace, A.A.: Sketch of the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, by L.F.<br>Menabrea, from the Biblioth\u00e8que Universelle de Gen\u00e8ve, October, 1842, No. 82, with<br>notes upon the Memoir by the Translator. (1843)<br>http://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/sketch.html#NoteB<br>37. Marguin, J. : Le reporteur et la naissance du calcul m\u00e9canique. La revue 2, pp. 26-32,<br>Mus\u00e9e des arts et m\u00e9tiers, Paris (1993)<br>38. Marguin, J. : Histoire des instruments et machines \u00e0 calculer. Hermann, Paris (1994)<br>39. Meinadier, J.P. : Structure et fonctionnement des ordinateurs. Larousse, Paris (1971)<br>40. Mesnage, P.: La construction horlog\u00e8re. In : Daumas M. (dir.) Histoire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des<br>techniques. Vol. 2, pp. 289 \u2013- 310. Presses universitaires de France, Paris (1965)<br>41. Patterson, D.A., Hennessy, J.L.: Computer Organization and Design (3rd ed.). Elsevier<br>(2005)<br>42. Randell, B.: The Origins of Digital Computers: Selected Papers (3rd ed.). Springer, Berlin,<br>Heidelberg, New York (1982)<br>43. Randell, B.: From Analytic Engine to Electronic Digital Computer: The Contributions of<br>Ludgate, Torres, and Bush. Annals of the History of Computing, 4(4), 327-341 (1982)<br>44. Randell, B.: The Origins of Computer Programming. IEEE Annals of the History of<br>Computing, 16(4), 6-14 (1994)<br>45. Randell, B., Comments to the author, June 12 (2012)<br>46. Rombouts, L.: Zingend brons \u2013 500 jaar beiaardmuziek in de lage landen en de Niewe<br>wereld. Davidsfonds, Leuven (2010)<br>47. Rouill\u00e9, P. : Trous de m\u00e9moire. La revue 2, 34-41, Mus\u00e9e des arts et m\u00e9tiers, Paris (1993)<br>48. Rutishauser, R.: Handbook for Automatic Computation. Vol. 1, Part a, Description of<br>ALGOL 60, Bauer, F.L. et al. (eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (1967)<br>49. Sabli\u00e8re, J.: De l\u2019automate \u00e0 l\u2019automatisation. Gauthier Villars, Paris (1966)<br>50. Swade, D.D.: The Difference Engine: Charles Babbage and the Quest to Build the First<br>Computer. Viking, New York (2001)<br>51. Swade, D.D.: Automatic Computation: Charles Babbage and Computational Method. The<br>Rutherford Journal 3, http://www.rutherfordjournal.org/article030106.html (2010)<br>52. Torres y Quevedo, L.: Essais sur l\u2019Automatique. Sa d\u00e9finition. \u00c9tendue th\u00e9orique de ses<br>applications\u201d, Revue de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des sciences de Madrid (1914), reprinted in: Randell,<br>B. (ed.) The Origins of Digital Computers, Selected Papers (3rd ed.), pp. 89\u2014107,<br>Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York (1982)<br>53. Turing A.M.: On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem.<br>Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 42(2), 230-265 (1936)<br>http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~robins/Turing_Paper_1936.pdf<br>54. Turing, A.M.: Proposals for Development in the Mathematics Division of an Automatic<br>Computing Engine (ACE), Report E882, Executive Committee, NPL (1945), reprinted<br>with foreword by Davies D.W. as NPL report, Com. Sci. 57, April 1972<br>55. Unesco, http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/943/video<br>56. von Neumann, J.: First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. Contract no. w-670-ord-4926.<br>Techn. Rep., Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania,<br>Philadelphia, PA (1945) www.virtualtravelog.net/ entries/2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf<br>57. Youtube, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pd_21_pfSRo&feature =related</p>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:18px'>190</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 81040, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='27' style='font-size:18px'>Garand Collectors Association Journal - Spreadsheet Search<br>Created and Maintained by Eric A. Nicolaus - Email: themerc@nicolausassociates.com</header>\n<table id='28' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>A</td><td>B</td><td>C</td><td>D</td><td>E</td><td>F G</td><td>H</td></tr><tr><td>1 Journal Issue</td><td>Month / Year</td><td>First Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Second Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Third Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Fourth Key Word or Phrase Fifth Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Sixth Key Word or Phrase</td></tr><tr><td>971 12-4-6</td><td>Rifle Barrel</td><td></td><td>Barrel Dates</td><td>Springfield Armory Barrels</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>972 12-4-7</td><td>Photos from the past</td><td>Haitian Soldiers</td><td>Infantryman with M1</td><td>Rifle Vietnamese</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>973 12-4-10</td><td>Combat Veteran Garands</td><td>Eniwetok Lagoon</td><td>Japanese Rifle Counterpart</td><td>Data Sheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>974 12-4-13</td><td>Preserving History</td><td>Bruce Canfield</td><td>Historical View of the M1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>975 12-4-14</td><td></td><td>Under Serial Number</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>976 12-4-15</td><td>P400 M1 Garand Beginner's Luck</td><td>10-Inch Bayonnet</td><td>Photograph M1 Collecting</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>977 12-4-16</td><td>Two Cents Worth</td><td>Bob Albright</td><td>Restoration of M1 Garand</td><td>Correct Parts Restoration</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>978 12-4-17</td><td>In Memorium</td><td>Peter Cardone</td><td>Garand Collector</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>979 12-4-Back Cover</td><td>Election</td><td></td><td>Mid-Year Elections</td><td>1998</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>980 12-3-2</td><td>GCA 1998 Convention</td><td>Board of Directors Louisville, KY</td><td>Registration</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>981 12-3-3</td><td>Czech ZH-29</td><td></td><td>Semi-automatic</td><td>Light Weight Rifle Requirement</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>982 12-3-5</td><td>Headspace Gage</td><td>Holek Rifle Original</td><td>Part # D7319944(B)</td><td>Cal .30 Headspace 1.940</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>983 12-3-6</td><td></td><td>Package</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>984 12-3-6</td><td>It Still Happens</td><td>NM Serial # 6099000</td><td>Garand Rifle Purchase</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>985 12-3-8</td><td>Fake Barrels M1 Cartridge Clips</td><td>Bolt/Breach/Shell Explosion Known Manufacturers</td><td>Headspace Loss</td><td>Pictures of Fake Barrel</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>986 12-3-11</td><td>The Dilemma of Restorations</td><td>Part 1</td><td>Location Manufactured</td><td>Vintage Parts versus Refinished</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>987 12-3-13</td><td>From the President</td><td>Board of Directors</td><td>www.brucecanfield.com</td><td>www.garandcollassoc.org</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>988 12-3-14</td><td>M1 Garand Training Aid</td><td>Group</td><td>GCA Convention Info Firing Sequence</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>989 12-3-16</td><td></td><td>Operating Action</td><td></td><td>Gas</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>990 12-2-2</td><td>Gas Trap vs. Gas Port Johnson Garand</td><td>Garand Production</td><td>Production Changeover</td><td>Port Standard 0.0790 inches Rifle Comparisons</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>991 12-2-6</td><td>vs. The \"Incorrect\" Garand</td><td>Rifle Range Report Repair</td><td>US Marine Corps Normandy Rebuilds</td><td>1944</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>992 12-2-7</td><td>Pachmayr Sniper Scope</td><td>Small Arms Scope Mount</td><td>Two Known Examples</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Parade Video</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>993 12-2-8</td><td>Magnificent Marine Spectacle</td><td>Evening Parade</td><td>Bayoneted M1 Garands</td><td>Evening</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>994 12-2-9 995 12-2-10</td><td>M1 Aesthetics Excellence Rewarded</td><td>M1D Marksmanship Award</td><td>Aberdeen Proving Grounds Rifle Score Book</td><td>USMC Hood Apeture</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>996 12-2-14</td><td>Garand or Hope Diamond</td><td>M1D Pricing</td><td>M1 Rifle Cost</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>997 12-2-16</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>998 12-2-21</td><td>From the President</td><td>Renewals Stamped</td><td>Publication Deadlines</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>999 12-2-Back Cover</td><td>M2 Flash Hider</td><td>Milleed or</td><td>Brackets</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1000 12-1-2</td><td>Springfield Armory</td><td>National Historic Site</td><td>Collections Database Diagrams</td><td>Blueprints</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1001 12-1-6</td><td>M1 Garand Clips</td><td>Design Criteria Cover</td><td>Bayonet Publication</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1002 12-1-7</td><td>From the President Gas Trap Production</td><td>Photos 41000 to 42000 Gas Traps</td><td>Production Figures</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1003 12-1-9</td><td>M1 Arms Rack</td><td>20 M1 Rifles Held</td><td>Development and Manufacture</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1004 12-1-12</td><td>Parts Evolution</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1005 12-1-14</td><td>Conversion</td><td>M1 Garand M1 Garand to M14 Ammo</td><td>Gas Trap Rifle Magazine Fed Rifle Conversion</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1006 11-4-2</td><td>SECNAV Award Rifle</td><td>M1C-turned service rifle</td><td>US Naval Weapons Depot</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1007 11-4-4</td><td>Basic Training</td><td>M1 Garand Pictures</td><td>Fort Polk Training Center</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1008 11-4-6</td><td>From the President</td><td></td><td>Back Sale</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Technical Analysis Committee</td><td>Issue</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1009 11-4-7</td><td>It's In the Numbers</td><td>Rifle Production Tables</td><td>M1C Rifle</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1010 11-4-8</td><td>Gun Show Questions</td><td>Q&A for Garand Owners</td><td>Safety Warnings</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1011 11-4-10</td><td>Private Straba and his M1</td><td>M1 Garand</td><td>Ground Combat</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1012 11-4-10</td><td>Spotter's Report</td><td>Safeties</td><td>Lower Bands</td><td>Korea Parts</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1013 11-4-11</td><td>M1 Dummy Rifles</td><td>Demilitarized M1 Rifle</td><td>Rifle Dummy Mk6 MOD 0</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1014 11-4-12</td><td>My return to Saipan</td><td>WWII Experiences Unaltered Gas Trap Found</td><td>Then and Now</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1015 11-4-14</td><td>Serial Number 4016</td><td></td><td>Center for Military History</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1016 11-3-2</td><td>Some DCM Garands</td><td>Serial # 801 & # 925</td><td>Solid Buttplates</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1017 11-3-4</td><td>An Art Tuttle Update</td><td>Assembly Defect Report #443</td><td>Assembly Defect Report #457</td><td>Bolt / Receiver</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1018 11-3-6</td><td>Coffee and Danish</td><td>Beretta PB.650</td><td>Breda B.M.R. 8300</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1019 11-3-6</td><td>More on Danish Markings</td><td>Danish Crown</td><td>M1D Parts</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1020 11-3-7</td><td>That Rare Bird</td><td></td><td>Rifle Scopes Used</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1021 11-3-9</td><td>Member DCM M1D Survey</td><td>M1C Assembly Serial Numbers</td><td>Manufacturer</td><td>Barrel Date</td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<footer id='29' style='font-size:18px'>Page 20 of 28</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 659810, "type": "text", "content": "# I\n\n\nand $75.00 (non-U.S. for eight issues. \n$ 115.00) \nshould sent Cathy Phillips, Digital \nto \nOrders be \nEquipment Corporation, Road LJ02/Dl0, \n30 Porter \nLittleton, Massachusetts 01460, Telephone: \nU.S.A., \nFAX : (508) 486-2444. Inquiries \n(508) 486-2538, \n. C O M \ncan sent onical to DTJ\u00aeCRL.DEC \nelectr ly \nbe \nSubscriptions be i n S. dollars, and \nmust paid U \nchecks d made payable igital \nto \nD \nshoul be \nEquipment Corporation.\n\n\nSingle and past of the Digital \ncopies \nissues \nfor $ 16.00 each by \njournal available \nTechnical are \ncalJing DECdirect -800-DIGITAL (1-800-344-4 825). \nat \n1 \nback issues journal are available on \nof the \nRecent \n.dec.com directory \nat gatekeeper in the \nthe Internet \n/pub/DEC/DECinfo/DTJ.\n\n\nDigital Research Laboratory Reports\n\n\n \n\nReports by D igital's research laboratories \npublished \nbe on the Internet World the \nthrough \ncan accessed \non the \nWide Web or FTP. For access information \nor hard-copy of the reports, \nelectronic versions \nom/hypertext/i nfo/ \nhttp:/ /gatekeeper.dec.c \nreports .html. \nera.\n\n\nPapers Digital Authors \nTechnical by\n\n\n \n\nNatural Processing \n\" Integrating Language \nP Anick, \nRetrieval a Trouble\u00ad \nand Information for Computer \nHelp-Desk, Expert (December 1993). \nshooting \" lEE\"\u00a3\n\n\nB. Archambeault, Investigation e \ninto Alternativ \n\"An \nTechniques Reduce Shielded Room \nConstruction to \nEffects, Computational Electro\u00ad \nResonance \" Applied \nSociety Symposium (March 1994). \nmagnetics\n\n\nEM! Emission Levels \nB. Archambeault, Predicting \n\" \nIEEE International Symposium \nUsing EMSCAN,\" \non Electromagnetic Compatibilit 1993). \ny (August\n\n\nand Ramahi, Absorb\u00ad \nB. Archambeault 0. \n\"Adaptive \nin Finite Difference Time \ning Boundary Conditions \n\" Applied \nDomain ications Simulation, \nAppl for E:\\\u00b711 \nSociety Sympo\u00ad \nComputational Electromagnetics \nsium (March 1994).\n\n\n\"MOSFET Modeling C ircuit \nN. Arora, \nfor Vl.SI \n\" Computational \nSimulation: Theory Practice, \nand \nElectronics (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993).\n\n\n\" MOSFET Modeling Simulation, \" \nN. Arora, \nfor Vl.SI \non Physics \nSeventh International Conference \nof Semiconductor (December 1993). \nDevices\n\n\n \n\nB. iner, \"Two Electro\u00ad \nJ. Clement, M \nE. Atakov, \nand \nin Polycry stalline \nmigration Modes \nFailure \nIEEE International \nAluminum Interconnects,\" \nReliabilit Pl:rysics Proceedin 1994) \ngs (April \ny\n\n\n.\n\n\n \n\nD. Bailey, \"Diffuser Cooling Technology for \nElectronic High-Density g,\" Packagin '94 \nElectro \n(May 1994). \nInternational\n\n\nD. Bailey, \"Improved Cooling Electronic \nof \nEquipment the Use a D iffuser,\" ASl11E \nfrom \nof \nInternational Electronics Conference \nPackaging \n(September 1993).\n\n\nand Lindquist, Heat-Transf er \nD. Bailey S. \n\" Improved \nFins,\" ASME \nfor Impingement Cooling \nRates \nInternational Electronics Packaging Conference \n(September 1993).\n\n\nand . Cvetanov \"Characteriza\u00ad \nD. Bhandarkar Z \nic, \nAXP Performance, Twentyfirst \nof Alpha \n\" \ntion \nSymposium Computer \nA nnual International on \n(April 1994). \nA rchitectw\u00b7e \nsee\n\n\nS. Bosworth, Hsu, and Polcari, \"Exceptional \nS. \nF. \nPerformance the Development, Qualification \nfrom \na Silicone Adhesive for \nand Implementation \nof \nto Semiconductor Packages,\" \nBonding Heatsinks \nFortyjourth Electronic Components and Tech\u00ad \n(May 1994). \nnology Conference\n\n\n\"Paradigm Translations Integrated \nin \nM. Bouziane, \nManufacturing Using Meta-Model: \nInformation a \nThe TSER Approach, des systemes \n\" Ingenierie \nd'infonnation (November 1993).\n\n\nM. Bouziane, Rulebase for Data and \nModel \n\"A \nKnowledge Integration tiple \nSystems \nin Mul \ns,\" International journal \nEnvironment \ny 1994). \nArtificial Intellige Tbols (Januar \nnce\n\n\n \n\non\n\n\n). Bowman, Heat Pipes-Operating Charac\u00ad \n\" \nand Perf Stability,\" National \nteristics ormance \nElectronic Packaging and Production Conference \n(NEPCON WEST '94) (March 1994).\n\n\nlt, \"Shielded Air \nC. Brench B. Archambeau \nand \nG u idelines EM! Modeling,\" IEEE \nfrom \nVent Design \ny Symposium \nElectromagnetic Compatibilit \n(August 1993).\n\n\nChallenges Single\u00ad \n\" Manufacturing in \nK. Brown, \nASME Winter nnual Meeting \nChip Packaging,\" \nA \n(November 1993).\n\n\n6 2 Spring 19DigiU1/ Techtlica/ journal Vol. No.\n\n\n \n73\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 81039, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='24' style='font-size:18px'>Garand Collectors Association Journal - Spreadsheet Search<br>Created and Maintained by Eric A. Nicolaus - Email: themerc@nicolausassociates.com</header>\n<table id='25' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>A</td><td>B C</td><td></td><td>D</td><td>E</td><td>F G</td><td>H</td></tr><tr><td>1 Journal Issue</td><td>Month / Year</td><td>First Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Second Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Third Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Fourth Key Word or Phrase Fifth Key Word or Phrase</td><td>Sixth Key Word or Phrase</td></tr><tr><td>920 14-1-18</td><td>It Still Happens</td><td></td><td>Winchester</td><td>M1 Collectors</td><td>Arm</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>921 14-1-19</td><td>What is it?</td><td>Picture of Headspace Gage</td><td>Headspace Gage</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>922 13-4-2</td><td>See you in St. Louie</td><td>GCA Convention</td><td>St. Charles Convention Center</td><td>September 24, 25, 26, 1999</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>923 13-4-3</td><td>The Unknown M1C</td><td>Springfield Armory Conversion</td><td>M1C Sniper Rifle</td><td>Expenditure Order 1868-1</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>924 13-4-7</td><td>From the President</td><td>Canfield's Complete Collector</td><td>Mailing Address Corrections</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>925 13-4-8</td><td>M1 Auction</td><td>San Francisco Auction House</td><td>SA Serial 1,000,000</td><td>Springfield Armory</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>926 13-4-9</td><td>LT Fletcher Harris</td><td>B Company, 1st Platoon</td><td>115th Infantry, 29th Blue & Gray</td><td>Normandy June 6 - July 11, 1944</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>927 13-4-10</td><td>Poem</td><td>M1 Rifle</td><td>John Baltes, USMC, RET</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>928 13-4-10</td><td>IHC Receivers</td><td>Heat Lots</td><td>Heat Lot Codes</td><td>International Harvester</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>929 13-4-12</td><td>Marine Corps JROTC</td><td>Benito Juarez High School</td><td>57th Pearl Harbor Day</td><td>Picture of Stdents w/M1 Garands</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>930 13-4-13</td><td>Board of Directors</td><td>13 year Tribute</td><td>GCA Journal</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>931 13-4-14</td><td>Garand Receiver</td><td>Rough Cast</td><td>152 Separate Shop Operations</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>932 13-4-16</td><td>Barrel Usage</td><td>M1 Rifle Production</td><td>1952-1957</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>933 13-4-24</td><td>Gas Trap Garand</td><td>Book Review</td><td>Billy Pyle</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>934 13-3-2</td><td>Good Guys Do Finish First</td><td>Collector Grade M1s</td><td>M1 Rifle Conversions</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>935 13-3-4</td><td>Gas Trap M1 Garand</td><td>M1 Garand #50107</td><td>Pictures</td><td>Data Sheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>936 13-3-5</td><td>M1 Garand Direct Conversion</td><td>M1 Garand #7860</td><td>Pictures</td><td>Data Sheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>937 13-3-8</td><td>M1 Rubber Garand</td><td>Saving Private Ryan Prop</td><td>Hard Rubber Compound</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>938 13-3-9</td><td>CMP News</td><td>National Matches</td><td>CMP Visibility During Matches</td><td>M1C Bid Program</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>939 13-3-10</td><td>From the President</td><td>Compliant GCA</td><td>CMP & GCA Working Relationship</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>940 13-3-11</td><td>US Martial Arms Collecting</td><td>Y2K Dixie Gun Works</td><td>Collector Oriented Books</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>941 13-3-13</td><td>Gas Trap Production</td><td>Gas Trap M1 Rifle</td><td>Serial # 50313</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>942 13-3-13</td><td>Big Boys Don't Cry</td><td>Demilled Garands</td><td>Purchased 10 Demilled Garands</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>943 13-3-15</td><td>Regional Meeting</td><td>GCA Meeting & Dinner</td><td>July 9-11, 1999</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>944 13-3-16</td><td>The Garand Lives</td><td>Rome, Italy</td><td>M1 Garands Carried by Soldiers</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>945 13-3-17</td><td>CMP Photos</td><td>M1D Carton</td><td>.22 Caliber Rifles</td><td>M1 Rifles</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>946 13-3-19</td><td>Denmark Parts Kits</td><td>Butt Stocks</td><td>Op Rods</td><td>Barrels</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>947 13-2-2</td><td>Combat Veteran Garands</td><td>Iwo Jima Flag Raising</td><td>Battlefield Garand Evaluation</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>948 13-2-7</td><td>Civilian Marksmanship Program</td><td>Volunteer Assistance</td><td>Anniston, Alabama</td><td>CMP Building 110</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>949 13-2-11</td><td>Match Sights</td><td>M1 Rifles</td><td>Elevation Click Values</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>950 13-2-13</td><td>From the President</td><td>Frank Walter - Editor</td><td>Missing Journals</td><td>Updated Journal Index</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>951 13-2-14</td><td>John C. Garand Match</td><td>GCA Represented</td><td>First JCG Match</td><td>Annual Match</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>952 13-2-16</td><td>Cal .30 Ammunition</td><td>M1 Garand Ammunition</td><td>M1 Cartridge</td><td>M2 Cartridge</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>953 13-2-17</td><td>What's Wrong Picture</td><td>Mel Bishop Question</td><td>Submit to Hust Entertainment Address</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>954 13-2-18</td><td>to Wash</td><td>Americans Welcome Picture</td><td>Holland Coal Mine</td><td>Signal Corps Photo</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>955 13-2-Back Cover</td><td>Showers David McClain</td><td>Frank Walter</td><td>Marketplace Editor</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>13-1-2</td><td>Garand Tales</td><td>WWII Experiences</td><td></td><td>Sniper Wound</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>956 957 13-1-4</td><td></td><td></td><td>Howard Peterson</td><td>Article Submission</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>From the President</td><td>Fraud Policy Photograph</td><td>Annual Renewal</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>958 13-1-5</td><td>M1C in Vietnam</td><td></td><td>Special Forces</td><td>M84 Scope</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>959 13-1-6</td><td>Bruce Canfield</td><td>New M1 Book</td><td>M1 Garand and M1 Carbine</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>960 13-1-7</td><td>Mid-term Election Results</td><td>New Board Officers</td><td>88% Renewal Voted</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>961 13-1-7</td><td>Internet Coordinator</td><td>Comments and Suggestions</td><td>Edward J. Berns</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>962 13-1-8</td><td>M1 Garand Serial # 102</td><td>History of Rifle</td><td>Three Digit Serial Number Cover Foldout</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>963 13-1-10</td><td>Garand Exploded View What a find!</td><td>Essentials of Infantry Training M1907 Slings</td><td>Back</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>964 13-1-11 965</td><td>Another Combat Veteran Garand</td><td>Buffalo Arms Barrel</td><td>Cheesecloth Package Serial # 245650</td><td>12 Leather Slings Data</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>13-1-15</td><td></td><td>Serial #20816</td><td></td><td>Sheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>966 13-1-17</td><td>Another Gas Trap M1</td><td></td><td>Data sheet and Parts Photo Service Awards</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>967 12-4-2 968 12-4-4</td><td>1998 GCA Convention From The President</td><td>Louisville, KY New Board Officers</td><td>Linternet Coordinator Needed</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>969</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>12-4-5</td><td>Battle Sight Settings</td><td>Zero</td><td>Zeroing the M1 Rifle</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>970 12-4-6</td><td>Garand Collecting</td><td>A Differing View</td><td>Hope Diamond?</td><td>High Prices</td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<footer id='26' style='font-size:18px'>Page 19 of 28</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2573773, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:14px'>Reusing Existing Structures for Access to Large Historical Corpora</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:14px'>M arijn Koolen - KNAW Humanities Cluster<br>Rik Hoekstra - KNAW Humanities Cluster</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:14px'>Introduction</h1>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Making large historical corpora accessible for research usually involves a pipeline of<br>processing steps, ranging from text recognition to entity spotting, disambiguation,<br>identification and ideally contextualization (Mero\u00f1o-Pe\u00f1uela et al. 2015). In many projects<br>much effort is spent on producing a perfect text by transcribing, or by a mixed procedure of<br>automatic transcription by Optical Character Recognition (OCR) or Handwritten Text<br>Recognition (HTR) and manual correction of the results. Apart from limited scalability, the<br>most important limitation of this approach is that full-text alone is not enough to make a<br>corpus available for research that is not primarily directed at the text but rather at its<br>information (Hoekstra and Koolen 2018). Extracting and contextualizing information has<br>many issues. Issues such as OCR and HTR errors that make it difficult to use standard NLP<br>tools like NER, topic modelling, POS tagging and sentiment analysis, have been common<br>knowledge for a long time. However, solutions for such issues are scarce and badly<br>documented (e.g. Piersma and Ribbens 2013, van Eijnatten et al. 2013, Leemans et al. 2017).</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A n additional but rarely studied set of issues relates to the fact that many information units<br>that are typically extracted to improve access, like persons, locations, events, sentiments and<br>topics, are unevenly distributed in corpora (Hoekstra and Koolen 2018). In the case of named<br>entities, highly frequent entities tend to have representations in external knowledge bases,<br>with which they can be disambiguated and issues with spelling variation can to some extent<br>be tackled (Ilievski et al. 2018), but for low frequency entities this is often not possible. At<br>the same time, there tend to be only few high frequency entities, while the vast majority occur<br>only once or a few times, that is, they represent the long tail of the distribution in a corpus<br>(Ilievski et al. 2018, Limpert et al. 2001, Postma et al. 2016). Centuries of dealing with these<br>complications have led to a number of convenient and often-employed structures that are part<br>of the printed culture but are often ignored in the translation to digital access.</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>E xisting structure in a corpus comprise text structuring of any kind (division of books,<br>volumes, chapters etc), table of contents, indexes, and visual aids like italics, bold text,<br>newlines, capitals and lines of any kind. They all are expression of the intentions of the<br>creators and/or editors of the corpus (or its edition) and often contain a lot of implicit<br>knowledge about the text. For instance, the meetings of the States General of the Dutch<br>Republic were not only meticulously transcribed, but also indexed at the level of persons,<br>locations and organizations, as this archive would otherwise quickly become inaccessible as<br>it grew in size.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 659909, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='108' style='font-size:22px'>I</h1>\n<p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and $75.00 (non-U.S. for eight issues.<br>$ 115.00)<br>should sent Cathy Phillips, Digital<br>to<br>Orders be<br>Equipment Corporation, Road LJ02/Dl0,<br>30 Porter<br>Littleton, Massachusetts 01460, Telephone:<br>U.S.A.,<br>FAX : (508) 486-2444. Inquiries<br>(508) 486-2538,<br>. C O M<br>can sent onical to DTJ\u00aeCRL.DEC<br>electr ly<br>be<br>Subscriptions be i n S. dollars, and<br>must paid U<br>checks d made payable igital<br>to<br>D<br>shoul be<br>Equipment Corporation.</p>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Single and past of the Digital<br>copies<br>issues<br>for $ 16.00 each by<br>journal available<br>Technical are<br>calJing DECdirect -800-DIGITAL (1-800-344-4 825).<br>at<br>1<br>back issues journal are available on<br>of the<br>Recent<br>.dec.com directory<br>at gatekeeper in the<br>the Internet<br>/pub/DEC/DECinfo/DTJ.</p>\n<p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Digital Research Laboratory Reports</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Reports by D igital's research laboratories<br>published<br>be on the Internet World the<br>through<br>can accessed<br>on the<br>Wide Web or FTP. For access information<br>or hard-copy of the reports,<br>electronic versions<br>om/hypertext/i nfo/<br>http:/ /gatekeeper.dec.c<br>reports .html.<br>era.</p>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Papers Digital Authors<br>Technical by</p>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Natural Processing<br>\" Integrating Language<br>P Anick,<br>Retrieval a Trouble\u00ad<br>and Information for Computer<br>Help-Desk, Expert (December 1993).<br>shooting \" lEE\"\u00a3</p>\n<p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>B. Archambeault, Investigation e<br>into Alternativ<br>\"An<br>Techniques Reduce Shielded Room<br>Construction to<br>Effects, Computational Electro\u00ad<br>Resonance \" Applied<br>Society Symposium (March 1994).<br>magnetics</p>\n<p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>EM! Emission Levels<br>B. Archambeault, Predicting<br>\"<br>IEEE International Symposium<br>Using EMSCAN,\"<br>on Electromagnetic Compatibilit 1993).<br>y (August</p>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and Ramahi, Absorb\u00ad<br>B. Archambeault 0.<br>\"Adaptive<br>in Finite Difference Time<br>ing Boundary Conditions<br>\" Applied<br>Domain ications Simulation,<br>Appl for E:\\\u00b711<br>Society Sympo\u00ad<br>Computational Electromagnetics<br>sium (March 1994).</p>\n<p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\"MOSFET Modeling C ircuit<br>N. Arora,<br>for Vl.SI<br>\" Computational<br>Simulation: Theory Practice,<br>and<br>Electronics (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993).</p>\n<p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\" MOSFET Modeling Simulation, \"<br>N. Arora,<br>for Vl.SI<br>on Physics<br>Seventh International Conference<br>of Semiconductor (December 1993).<br>Devices</p>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>B. iner, \"Two Electro\u00ad<br>J. Clement, M<br>E. Atakov,<br>and<br>in Polycry stalline<br>migration Modes<br>Failure<br>IEEE International<br>Aluminum Interconnects,\"<br>Reliabilit Pl:rysics Proceedin 1994)<br>gs (April<br>y</p>\n<p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>.</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>D. Bailey, \"Diffuser Cooling Technology for<br>Electronic High-Density g,\" Packagin '94<br>Electro<br>(May 1994).<br>International</p>\n<p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>D. Bailey, \"Improved Cooling Electronic<br>of<br>Equipment the Use a D iffuser,\" ASl11E<br>from<br>of<br>International Electronics Conference<br>Packaging<br>(September 1993).</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 449472, "type": "text", "content": "P. Parraguez, et al.\n\n\n \nTechnological Forecasting & Social Change xxx (xxxx) xxxx\n\n\napproaches represents, to this date there is no method specifically de- \nsigned to calculate an indicator of technological change that captures in \none measure overall technological change over time based on a com- \nbinatorial view of technology. In what follows, we offer and test such a \nmethod.\n\n\n# 3\\. Methods and data\n\n\nConsistent with a combinatorial view on technological change \n(Youn et al., 2015), the proposed method in this paper uses the oc- \ncurrence and co-occurrence of terms within a corpus of documents \n(Feldman and Sanger, 2007) to describe different combinatorial con- \nfigurations within a document corpus of R&D-related; records. In our \napproach, terms are text strings of one or more words, also called n- \ngrams (Dale et al., 2000) that represent technology-relevant entities. \nWithin the domain bioenergy chosen here, such technology-relevant \nentities are production inputs (e.g. barley straw), processing technolo- \ngies (e.g. pyrolysis) and outputs (e.g. biogas). More specifically, we use \nchanges over time in the occurrences and co-occurrences of such terms \nas a proxy for technological changes. In this approach, the occurrences \nand co-occurrences of selected terms within documents are used to \nbuild adjacency matrices that store the weighted combinations of those \nterms and term-pairs for each time period. Such matrices serve 1) as a \ndescription of the combinations of terms that have been explored in a \ngiven period of time and 2) to calculate configurational changes in the \nmatrix from one period to the next. An overview of the key steps in the \nprocess is provided in Fig. 1 below.\n\n\n3.1. Data sources and creation of the document corpus\n\n\nThe document corpus is built of documents extracted from sources\n\n\n \nFig. 1. Overview of the key steps in the proposed method to quantify techno- \nlogical change.\n\n\n \n\nthat record the results of research and development (R&D;) activities \nover time. Example sources for these document records include patents, \nscientific publications, industry databases of R&D; pilots and facilities, \nas well as descriptions of research and innovation projects (e.g. R&D; \nprojects funded by the European Commission). In the analyses here, \nsuch a range of document sources is integrated with the purpose of \nincluding a more diverse set of sources which allows for a more in- \nclusive representation of the state of the art in a given technological \narea (Guthrie et al., 2013; National Research Council, 2014; \nO'Keeffe and McCarthy, 2012) and helps to embrace different knowl- \nedge types related to these documents records. In fact, the proposed \nmethod is not limited to a predefined set of sources, as it can include as \na document source any date-stamped collection of text-based records \nthat is considered relevant for a given technological field or application \ndomain. This combination of different and complementary types of \nrecords provides an integrated representation of technological changes \nwithin a given domain.\n\n\n \n\nThe minimum criteria for inclusion of a document source is the \nexistence of an abstract, date stamps containing at least the publication \nyear, and means to ensure the relevance of the documents included in \nthe data source (e.g. peer-review in the case of scientific articles and \napplication processes for patents and research projects). Additional data \nabout each document record can be used to filter or interpret results, \nincluding information on geographical location, organizational affilia- \ntion or authorship.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Imagine compiling information about the history of the M1 Garand using specific journal issues. How would you structure a report that incorporates 'Gas Trap' entries with numerical reasoning to provide insights across different timeframes and technological shifts? Discuss potential data points you might extract for such a report.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 830, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1018810, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='8' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Address of applicant:</td><td>249 Rosa Glen Road, Rosa Glen, Western Australia, 6285</td></tr><tr><td>Relationship of applicant to deceased:</td><td>Daughter</td></tr><tr><td>Full name of applicant:</td><td>GREGORY CHARLES WILLES</td></tr><tr><td>Address of applicant:</td><td>22 Leeds Lane Prospect, Tasmania, 7250</td></tr><tr><td>Relationship of applicant to deceased:</td><td>Son</td></tr><tr><td>Australian legal practitioner acting for applicant:</td><td>Shields Heritage</td></tr><tr><td>Address for service:</td><td>53 Cameron St, Launceston, Tas, 7250</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:14px'>TAKE NOTE:</h1>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>After 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a grant of:</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Probate of the Will dated 10/09/1986 and Codicil dated 06/11/2019</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>in the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2171843, "type": "text", "content": "# TAKE NOTE:\n\n\n \n\nAfter 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a\ngrant of:\n\n\n# Probate of the Will dated 04/12/2019;\n\n\nin the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the\nSupreme Court of Tasmania.\n\n\no :\\Docs\\206829\\2726237.docx\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1671042, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>FORM 2</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>NOTICE OF INTENTION TO APPLY FOR GRANT OR RESEAL OF</p>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>A GRANT</h1>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:18px'>Rule 33</h1>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>IN THE SUPREME COURT OF TASMANIA</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>PROBATE REGISTRY</h1>\n<table id='6' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>In the matter of the Estate of:</td><td>JUDITH ANNETTE KELLY</td></tr><tr><td>Date of death:</td><td>10.06.2021</td></tr><tr><td>Last known residential address of deceased:</td><td>6 Garnett Street, Blackmans Bay, Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Address in Will:</td><td>6 Garnett Street, Blackmans Bay, Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Date of Will:</td><td>04.06.2021</td></tr><tr><td>Executor named in Will:</td><td>SUSAN MAREE OAKLEY</td></tr><tr><td>Full name of applicant:</td><td>SUSAN MAREE OAKLEY</td></tr><tr><td>Address of applicant:</td><td>15 Garnett Street, Blackmans Bay, Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Relationship of applicant to deceased:</td><td>child</td></tr><tr><td>Australian legal practitioner acting for applicant:</td><td>Murdoch Clarke</td></tr><tr><td>Address for service:</td><td>10 Victoria Street, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>TAKE NOTE:</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>After 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a grant of:</p>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>probate of the Will dated 04.06.2021</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>in the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.</p>\n<br><table id='11' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Estate of:</td><td>JUDITH ANNETTE KELLY</td><td>DX:</td><td>131</td></tr><tr><td>Applicant/Firm name:</td><td>Murdoch Clarke</td><td>Tel:</td><td>(03) 6235 9334</td></tr><tr><td>Address:</td><td>10 Victoria Street HOBART TAS 7000</td><td>Email: Practitioner:</td><td>jenny.beechey@murdochclarke.com.au Jenny Beechey</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 409774, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>After 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a grant of:<br>probate of the Will dated 05/03/2021;<br>in the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.</p>\n<footer id='10' style='font-size:14px'>T-T1860213-1</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 722829, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>FORM 2</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>NOTICE OF INTENTION TO APPLY FOR GRANT OR RESEAL OF</p>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>A GRANT</h1>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:18px'>Rule 33</h1>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>IN THE SUPREME COURT OF TASMANIA</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>PROBATE REGISTRY</h1>\n<table id='6' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>In the matter of the Estate of:</td><td>BARBARA AMY BROOKER</td></tr><tr><td>Date of death:</td><td>06/03/2021</td></tr><tr><td>Last known residential address of deceased:</td><td>Meercroft Nursing Home, Devonport in Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Address in Will:</td><td>Meercroft Home, Clements Street, Devonport in Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Date of Will:</td><td>09/10/2019</td></tr><tr><td>Executor named in Will:</td><td>ANTHONY JOHN ROBBINS</td></tr><tr><td>Full name of applicant:</td><td>ANTHONY JOHN ROBBINS</td></tr><tr><td>Address of applicant:</td><td>139 Ogilvie Road, Blackbutt South in Queensland</td></tr><tr><td>Relationship of applicant to deceased:</td><td>Family Friend</td></tr><tr><td>Australian legal practitioner acting for applicant:</td><td>Temple-Smith Lawyers</td></tr><tr><td>Address for service:</td><td>4 Wenvoe Street Devonport Tasmania</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>TAKE NOTE:</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>After 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a grant of:</p>\n<br><h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>probate of the Will dated 09/10/2019</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>in the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.</p>\n<table id='11' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Estate of:</td><td>Barbara Amy Brooker</td><td>DX:</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Applicant/Firm name:</td><td>Temple-Smith Lawyers</td><td>Tel:</td><td>6424 7000</td></tr><tr><td>Address:</td><td>PO Box 796</td><td>Email:</td><td>LindaJ@templesmith.com.au</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Devonport 7310</td><td>Practitioner:</td><td>L C Johnston</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2085709, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='8' style='font-size:18px'>*Australian legal practitioner acting for<br>applicant:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>Not applicable</h1>\n<h1 id='10' style='font-size:18px'>Address for service:</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>U10 / 150 Wilmot Street, Port Sorell, Tas, 7307</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:18px'>TAKE NOTE:</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>After 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a grant of:</p>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:18px'>*probate of the Will dated 19/05/2017;</h1>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>in the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.</p>\n<table id='16' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>NOTES:</td></tr><tr><td>Please insert details relevant to your application where blue text appears.</td></tr><tr><td>Text with a * next to it indicates that it is an option. You must select the applicable option/s and/or delete the *options which are not applicable</td></tr><tr><td>If a section of the form does not apply to your application please simply state \u201cnot applicable\u201d next to the relevant section.</td></tr><tr><td>Guidance on completing this form is contained in [square brackets] and italics. Please delete the guidance which appears in square brackets and is italicized from your final draft.</td></tr><tr><td>Otherwise, please do not amend the format or content of this form.</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1166973, "type": "text", "content": "# *Australian legal practitioner acting for \napplicant:\n\n\n \n\n# N/A\n\n\n# Address for service:\n\n\n \n\n71 Paringa Avenue Newnham TAS 7248\n\n\n# TAKE NOTE:\n\n\n \n\nAfter 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a\ngrant of:\n\n\n \n\n# *probate of the Will dated 09/10/2019;\n\n\nin the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the\nSupreme Court of Tasmania.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2664926, "type": "text", "content": "# TAKE NOTE:\n\n\n \n\nAfter 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a\ngrant of:\n\n\n# probate of the Will dated 25/07/2008;\n\n\ni n the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the\nSupreme Court of Tasmania.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 232032, "type": "text", "content": "# TAKE NOTE:\n\n\n \n\nAfter 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a\ngrant of:\n\n\n \n\n# probate of the Will dated 23/12/1998;\n\n\nin the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the\nSupreme Court of \nTasmania.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 113303, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>FORM 2</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>NOTICE OF INTENTION TO APPLY FOR GRANT OR RESEAL OF</p>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>A GRANT</h1>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:18px'>Rule 33</h1>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>IN THE SUPREME COURT OF TASMANIA</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>PROBATE REGISTRY</h1>\n<table id='6' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>In the matter of the Estate of:</td><td>MAXWELL NEVILLE SIFFORD</td></tr><tr><td>Date of death:</td><td>06/12/2020</td></tr><tr><td>Last known residential address of deceased:</td><td>23 Jiloa Way, Don in Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Address in Will:</td><td>23 Jiloa Way, Don in Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Date of Will:</td><td>19/03/2019</td></tr><tr><td>Executor named in Will:</td><td>MONICA RAE YAXLEY</td></tr><tr><td>Full name of applicant:</td><td>MONICA RAE YAXLEY</td></tr><tr><td>Address of applicant:</td><td>23 Jiloa Way, Don in Tasmania</td></tr><tr><td>Relationship of applicant to deceased:</td><td>Wife</td></tr><tr><td>Australian legal practitioner acting for applicant:</td><td>Temple-Smith Lawyers</td></tr><tr><td>Address for service:</td><td>4 Wenvoe Street Devonport Tasmania</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>TAKE NOTE:</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>After 14 days from the date of publication of this notice an application for a grant of:</p>\n<br><h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>probate of the Will dated 19/03/2019</h1>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>in the aforementioned estate will be made to the Probate Registry of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.</p>\n<table id='11' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Estate of:</td><td>Maxwell Neville Sifford</td><td>DX:</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Applicant/Firm name:</td><td>Temple-Smith Lawyers</td><td>Tel:</td><td>6424 7000</td></tr><tr><td>Address:</td><td>PO Box 796</td><td>Email:</td><td>LindaJ@templesmith.com.au</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Devonport 7310</td><td>Practitioner:</td><td>L C Johnston</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given the last known residential address of the deceased is the same as the address in the will, and this address matches with the current address of the applicant, calculate the time difference from the date the will was made to 14 days after its publication, and identify any address components that might need updating if the applicant relocates.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 832, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1168277, "type": "text", "content": "# CENTER\n\n\n \n\n# SIGMA CONTROL 2 MCSIO: Optimum efficiency\n\n\n \n\nThe internal SIGMA CONTROL 2 MCSIO controller \nensures efficient control and monitoring of compres- \nsor operation. The large display and RFID reader \nprovide easy communication and maximum security. \nVariable interfaces enable seamless networking ca- \npability, whilst the SD card slot makes updates quick \nand easy.\n\n\n# KAESER ingenuity for maximum flexibility\n\n\n \n\nWhether simply a compressor, or a complete compressed \nair supply system with integrated compressed air treat- \nment, the modular design of the AIRBOX and AIRBOX \nCENTER provides the flexibility to ensure that your exact \ncompressed air needs are met. The AIRBOX can therefore \nbe equipped with a second compressed air aftercooler \nand the AIRBOX CENTER is available with an optional \nKAESER Filter system.\n\n\n \n\n# Made in Germany\n\n\n \n\nUsing only premium-grade materials, KAESER manu- \nfactures all of its reciprocating compressor blocks in- \nhouse. All components are manufactured, inspected \nand assembled with meticulous care and precision \nto ensure outstanding performance and unrivalled \nenergy efficiency.\n\n\n# 100% duty cycles\n\n\n \n\nThanks to innovative compressor block and drive \nmotor cooling design, AIRBOX and AIRBOX CENTER \nsystems can be operated up to an ambient tempera- \nture of +30 \u00b0C and a maximum pressure of 10 bar \nwith 100% duty cycles.\n\n\nAll models are EMC\u2011certified for domestic electrical sup- \nplies, which simplifies installation and reduces provision- \ning costs. For companies with growing compressed air \ndemand, multiple systems can be controlled via a com- \npressed air management system.\n\n\n3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1855050, "type": "text", "content": "# CHILLERS\n\n\n \n\n# COMFORT\n\n\n2202 - 7223 \nAir cooled chillers with \ninverter screw compressors \n(from 477 to 1697 kW)\n\n\ni-FX-G05/SL-K\n\n\nNotes:\n\n\n \n\n1 4 Plant (side) cooling exchanger water (in/out) 12\u00b0C/7\u00b0C; Source (side) heat\nexchanger air (in) 35\u00b0C. \n2 4 Values in compliance with EN14511. \n3 4 Average sound pressure level at 10m distance, unit in a free field on a\nreflective surface; \nnon-binding value calculated from the sound power level. \n4 4 Sound power on the basis of measurements made in compliance with ISO 9614. \n5 4 Sound power level in cooling, outdoors. \n6 4 Unit in standard configuration/execution, without optional accessories.\n\n\n \n\n7 4 Parameter calculated according to [REGULATION (EU) N. 2016/2281] \n8 4 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio \n9 4 Seasonal space cooling energy efficiency\n\n\nT he units highlighted in this publication contain R513A [GWP100 631]\nfluorinated greenhouse gases.\n\n\n \n\nCertified data in EUROVENT\n\n\n16/17\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 50027, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='31' style='font-size:20px'>Bookmark File PDF Csdx 165 Kaeser Service<br>Manual</h1>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>service manual by online. You might not require more era to<br>spend to go to the books introduction as well as search for them.<br>In some cases, you Page 10/26.</p>\n<h1 id='33' style='font-size:16px'>Kaeser Csdx 162 Manual - costamagarakis.com</h1>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lower costs and higher compressed air availability. 11.4 Service<br>Addresses Addresses of KAESER agents are given at the end of<br>this manual. 11.5 Spares for service and repair With the help of<br>this parts list you can plan your material requirement according<br>to operating condi\u2010...</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>KAESER M122 SERVICE MANUAL Pdf Download |<br>ManualsLib</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Kaeser Adsorptive Desiccant dryers (KAD Series) employ a<br>heatless regenerative design to produce pressure dew points as<br>low as -100\u00b0F. Solid-state controls with adjustable cycle timers<br>allow KAD Series dryers to be easily adapted to user<br>Page 6/11</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 50025, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='17' style='font-size:20px'>Bookmark File PDF Csdx 165 Kaeser Service<br>Manual</h1>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>contains information about the book, past and current users, and<br>the software.</p>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:16px'>Kaeser Csdx Manual - commkeen</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Csdx 165 kaeser service manual - q.oakleyfancyflea.com As this<br>csdx 165 kaeser service manual, it ends occurring creature one<br>of the favored ebook csdx 165 kaeser service manual collections<br>that we have. This is why you remain in the best website to look<br>the amazing book to have.</p>\n<h1 id='21' style='font-size:16px'>Csdx 165 Kaeser Service Manual -<br>silo.notactivelylooking.com</h1>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Csdx 165 Kaeser Service Manual Recognizing the pretension<br>ways to acquire this book csdx 165 kaeser service manual is<br>additionally useful. You have remained in right site to start<br>getting this info. acquire the csdx 165 kaeser service manual<br>colleague that we give here and check out the link. You could<br>Page 4/11</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3610817, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Download Free Kaeser Air Tower 26 Manual\n\n\nDownloads \u2013 KAESER KOMPRESSOREN \nHPC KAESER two-stage oil free compression rotary screw compressors provide \nprocess-sure air purity, produced reliably and efficiently. Find out more.\nSpecialist \nMOBILAIR Compressors up to 1.2 m\u00b3/min (42 cfm) MOBILAIR Compressors from 2.0 \nto 5.0 m\u00b3/min (71 to 177 cfm) MOBILAIR Compressors from 5.1 to 8.4 m\u00b3/min (185 \nto 295 cfm) MOBILAIR Compressors from 11.5 to 17.0 m\u00b3/min (405 to 600 cfm ...\n\n\nDownload HPC documents and brochures | HPC Compressors \nAll Kaeser Compressors catalogs and technical brochures. Compressed Air\nFilters. 8 \nPages. Automatic Magnetic Drain. 2 Pages . Air Treatment Solutions. 12 Pages. \nActivated Carbon Tower. 2 Pages. DSD, ESD, and FSD Series (125-450 hp) 20 \nPages. SmartPipe+TM. 28 Pages. S Series. 8 Pages. SX - HSD Series. 20 Pages. \nASD, BSD, and CSD Series. 12 Pages. ENERGY EFFICIENT SYSTEM DESIGN FOR \nWASTEWATER ...\n\n\nAll Kaeser Compressors catalogs and technical brochures \n9.2 Assembly 26 9.3 Assembling to the Wall 27 10 ... Any modifications not \ndescribed in this manual and not authorized by KAESER will result in the \ninvalidation of all warranties. No welding, heat treatment, or mechanical work\nmay \nbe carried out on pressure retaining components, e.g. pipes, air main system, \nreceiver, etc. National and Local Directives must be observed during\ninstallation ...\n\n\nPage 5/8\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1168278, "type": "text", "content": "# AIRBOX /AIRBOX CENTER \u2013 The perfect choice\n\n\n \n\n# AIRBOX \u2013 The compressor\n\n\n \n\nThe AIRBOX epitomises the concept of 'compr- \nessed air to go'. Each model features a turnkey \ncompressor with an advanced electronic SIGMA \nCONTROL BASIC or SIGMA CONTROL 2 control- \nler and a star-delta starter integrated within a single \nenclosure. The soundproofed enclosure enables \nthese versatile units to be installed directly within \nthe working environment without the need for add- \nitional sound protection measures.\n\n\n# AIRBOX CENTER \u2013 The all-in-one compact solution\n\n\n \n\nFeaturing an integrated compressed air dryer and receiver, the \nAIRBOX CENTER is an all-in-one compressed air supply system. \nAfter compression, the air passes into an internally-coated air \nreceiver, where it gives up much of its condensate and then enters \nthe integrated, energy-saving refrigeration dryer, which dries the \ncompressed air to a pressure dew point of +5 \u00b0C. Ensuring even \ngreater reliability, a separate enclosure shields the dryer from \ncompressor exhaust heat. Moreover, the dryer shutdown feature \n\\- activated via the compressor controller - is linked to compressor \noperation and significantly reduces energy consumption when the \ncompressor is at rest.\n\n\n \n\n# AIRBOX CENTER \u2013 With KAESER FILTER\n\n\n \n\nWith an air intake filter, oil\u2011free compression and an \nintegrated refrigeration dryer, the AIRBOX CENTER is \nready to deliver exceptional\u2011quality compressed air as \nsoon as it is delivered. For applications requiring maximum \ncompressed air quality, all AIRBOX CENTER models can \nbe additionally fitted with optional add\u2011on filters.\n\n\n# Cool runners\n\n\n \n\nWith powerful independent cooling fans for both the drive motor and compressor \nblock and precisely\u2011tailored cooling air ducting, Kaeser's unique cooling\nsystem \nallows - unusually for reciprocating compressors - 100% duty cycles and\ndepend- \nable operation in ambient temperatures up to approximately +30\u00b0C. The control \ncabinet also features its own ventilation and is connected to the overall\ncooling air \nflow to prevent overheating.\n\n\n4\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1855052, "type": "text", "content": "# CHILLERS\n\n\n \n\n# COMFORT\n\n\n# 2202 - 6603\n\n\ni-FX-G05/A\n\n\n \n\nAir cooled chillers with \ninverter screw compressors \n(from 477 to 1520 kW)\n\n\nNotes:\n\n\n \n\n1 4 Plant (side) cooling exchanger water (in/out) 12\u00b0C/7\u00b0C; Source (side) heat\nexchanger air (in) 35\u00b0C. \n2 4 Values in compliance with EN14511. \n3 4 Average sound pressure level at 10m distance, unit in a free field on a\nreflective surface; \nnon-binding value calculated from the sound power level. \n4 4 Sound power on the basis of measurements made in compliance with ISO 9614. \n5 4 Sound power level in cooling, outdoors. \n6 4 Unit in standard configuration/execution, without optional accessories.\n\n\n \n\n7 4 Parameter calculated according to [REGULATION (EU) N. 2016/2281] \n8 4 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio \n9 4 Seasonal space cooling energy efficiency\n\n\nT he units highlighted in this publication contain R513A [GWP100 631]\nfluorinated greenhouse gases.\n\n\nCertified data in EUROVENT\n\n\n18/19\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 50026, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='23' style='font-size:20px'>Bookmark File PDF Csdx 165 Kaeser Service<br>Manual</h1>\n<br><h1 id='24' style='font-size:16px'>purchase guide csdx 165 kaeser service ...</h1>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:16px'>Csdx 165 Kaeser Service Manual - sdllaw.dhsejui.www ...</h1>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Csdx 165 Kaeser Service Manual Getting the books csdx 165<br>kaeser service manual now is not type of inspiring means. You<br>could not and no-one else going subsequent to book hoard or<br>library or borrowing from your links to entrance them. This is an<br>certainly simple means to specifically get guide by on-line. This<br>online publication csdx 165 kaeser ...</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Csdx 165 Kaeser Service Manual - h2opalermo.it</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Kaeser CSDX series. Model. Range pressure bar. Flow mc/min.<br>Power nom. KW . CSDX 140 / CSDX 140 T. 7,5 - 13</p>\n<h1 id='29' style='font-size:16px'>Kaeser Compressori - Serie CSDX</h1>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Csdx 165 Kaeser Service Manual This is likewise one of the<br>factors by obtaining the soft documents of this csdx 165 kaeser<br>Page 5/11</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 737526, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='131' style='font-size:20px'>Variable Speed Drives</h1>\n<p id='132' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Reduced energy costs</p>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>AirPet System</p>\n<p id='134' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Variable capacity control: 30\u2013100%</p>\n<p id='135' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Reduced motor starting current<br>(within the FLC of\u00a0the motor)</p>\n<p id='136' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Improved efficiency and power factor</p>\n<p id='137' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Extended component life</p>\n<p id='138' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Accurate and repeatable pressure control</p>\n<p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G</p>\n<br><h1 id='140' style='font-size:20px'>Bar</h1>\n<br><p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>Pressure</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='142' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"42\nPrecise Control with VSD in Operation\n41\n40\n39\n38\nTime\nSystem pressure\n37\nSetpoint\n36\nTypical \u201cSawtooth\u201d Control\n35\n14.00 14.30 15.00 15.30 16.00 17.00 17.30 18.00 18.30\nPM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM\" data-coord=\"top-left:(130,454); bottom-right:(723,788)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='143' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(817,184); bottom-right:(1206,743)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='144' style='font-size:20px'>High Efficiency Water-Cooled Motor</h1>\n<p id='145' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>It is widely accepted within industry today that the running of motors and<br>drives account for a large percentage of energy usage. Using the right<br>energy efficient motors will help lower your carbon footprint as well as your<br>energy bills. With this in mind<br>Belliss & Morcom developed a<br>unique water cooled shaftless<br>motor, which makes our<br>compressor systems the most<br>energy efficient on the market.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='146' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"High Efficiency\nWater Cooled Motor\" data-coord=\"top-left:(446,996); bottom-right:(807,1367)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='147' style='font-size:20px'>Energy Audits</h1>\n<p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In order to reduce energy costs and CO2 emissions, Belliss & Morcom offer<br>audits tailored to suit your specific needs by our team of dedicated experts.</p>\n<p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Please contact us for more details.</p>\n<br><p id='150' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>BENEFITS</p>\n<p id='151' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Lower electricity consumption</p>\n<p id='152' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Higher efficiency of 97.1%</p>\n<p id='153' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Lower CO2 emissions</p>\n<p id='154' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Suitable for variable speed drive</p>\n<p id='155' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 IP56 construction, suitable for all<br>operating environments</p>\n<p id='156' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 100% reduction in radiated heat</p>\n<p id='157' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Low noise specification</p>\n<p id='158' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Maintenance free</p>\n<p id='159' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Connects direct to the existing<br>compressor cooling circuit</p>\n<p id='160' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 The environmentally friendly<br>\u2018green\u2019 option</p>\n<p id='161' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25a0 Specifically designed for the<br>global drinks industry</p>\n<footer id='162' style='font-size:20px'>9</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1168287, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='60' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Image: AIRBOX CENTER 1500\" data-coord=\"top-left:(0,219); bottom-right:(405,1293)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='61' style='font-size:20px'>Maintenance-friendly</h1>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The less maintenance required, the more<br>cost-effective the system. This is where<br>the AIRBOX and AIRBOX CENTER re-<br>ally shine: they are oil-free and feature a<br>maintenance and loss-free 1:1 direct drive<br>system. The air and intake filters are eas-<br>ily accessible once the generously-sized<br>enclosure panels are removed.</p>\n<h1 id='63' style='font-size:20px'>Impressive soundproofing</h1>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>With 40 mm thick soundproofing, multi\u2011de-<br>flected cooling air flow, acoustically sepa-<br>rate compressor block, application\u2011specific<br>intake air ducting and highly effective air<br>intake sound damping, the AIRBOX and<br>AIRBOX CENTER continue the KAESER<br>tradition of super\u2011quiet performance.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='65' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(821,257); bottom-right:(1157,555)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='66' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(823,615); bottom-right:(1153,915)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='67' style='font-size:20px'>Energy-saving motor</h1>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Premium\u2011quality IE3 motors ensure out-<br>standing performance and efficiency: they<br>reduce energy losses by an average of 40%<br>compared to conventional motors. They also<br>operate at significantly lower temperatures<br>compared to conventional motors, yield-<br>ing significant energy savings, as well as<br>enhanced reliability and service life.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='69' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(820,980); bottom-right:(1154,1276)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='70' style='font-size:20px'>SIGMA AIR MANAGER 4.0</h1>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The SIGMA CONTROL 2 internal compressor controller and the SIGMA AIR<br>MANAGER 4.0 master controller provide more than just optimised compressed<br>air system efficiency. Thanks to their high level of data integration and multiple<br>interface options, they can easily be integrated into advanced production, build-<br>ing management and energy management systems, as well as Industrie 4.0<br>environments.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='72' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(822,1341); bottom-right:(1152,1637)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='73' style='font-size:18px'>5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If you want to optimize the energy efficiency of a facility using Kaeser compressors, which model would you choose between CSDX 140 and CSDX 140 T given that energy costs and airflow efficiency are factors, and how would this choice impact the operating environment if the ambient temperature varies seasonally?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 833, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2626468, "type": "text", "content": "are outlined in the Abortion Act 1967 (which provides that abortion can only\nbe performed under \nspeci\ufb01c grounds). Without this legal safeguard, under this amendment, sex-\nselective abortion would \nbe expressly permitted.\n\n\n \n\n3\\. There would be no legal restrictions on places where abortions could be\nperformed.9 \n4\\. A doctor would not be required to participate in an abortion procedure.\nHealthcare assistants, nurses, and \npharmacists could carry out abortions. \n5\\. There would be no legal requirement that two doctors must certify an\nabortion.10 \n6\\. There would be no legal provision protecting medical professionals\u2019\nfreedom of conscience with regard to \nabortion. This could result in doctors and other healthcare professionals\nbeing forced into choosing between \nperforming an abortion or leaving their profession.11\n\n\n \n\n\u25cb The Abortion Act (s. 4) provides conscientious objection rights for medical\nprofessionals. Without this \nsafeguard, doctors, nurses, or other healthcare professionals could be forced\nto perform abortions or \nleave their profession. They could also be forced to be complicit in the\nabortion process by having to \nrefer to another doctor who would do a termination (e.g. Victoria, Australia a\ndoctor was investigated \nfor not referring for a sex-selective abortion.)12\n\n\n \n\n7 . The situation would likely allow for far greater abuses than have already\noccurred under the current law.\n\n\n \n\n\u25cb Already within our current legal framework we have seen doctors pre-signing\nabortion forms,13 \nsex-selective abortions being offered, 14 live babies being left to die\nfollowing abortions that have gone \nwrong 15 and children with minor disabilities, such as cleft palate, being\naborted. 16 \n\u25cb In this context, where the current law is supposed to be preventing such\nappalling practices, the \nthought of allowing abortion on demand and removing legal safeguards is\nseriously worrying.\n\n\n \n\n8\\. \u2018Decriminalisation\u2019 would put women in greater danger. As Lord Morrow\nnoted during a debate on repealing \nsection 58, \u201cthe repeal of Section 58 means that the provision of abortion\nbecomes legal in any context\n\n\n \n\n...Thus, extraordinarily, backstreet abortions, with all the attendant safety\nconcerns for women, will be de \nfacto legal.\u201d17\n\n\n \n\n# Where do women sit on this issue?\n\n\n \n\n\u25cf The proposed law change is radically out of step with the opinions of women\non this matter.\n\n\n \n\n\u25cb Polling from Savanta ComRes on whether time limits for abortion should be\nincreased showed that \nwomen want more, not fewer, safeguards around abortion across a number of key\nareas:18\n\n\n \n\n\u25a0 Only 1% of women wanted the time limit to be extended, in contrast to 70% of\nwomen who \nfavoured a reduction in time limits. \n\u25a0 77% of women agree that doctors should be required to verify in person that\na patient seeking an \nabortion is not under pressure from a third party to undergo the abortion. \n\u25a0 91% of women agree that gender-selective abortion should be explicitly\nbanned by the law.\n\n\n \n\n\u25a0 See full details at www.righttolife.org.uk/polling.\n\n\n \n\n\u25cb The Royal College of Midwives\u2019 support for the BPAS abortion-up-to-birth\ncampaign saw a serious \nbacklash from over 100s of midwives who protested against the RCM\u2019s position\nand national opposition.19 \n\u25cb Other evidence suggests that there is support for greater restrictions on\nabortion practice: A poll from \nMarch 2014 showed that 92% of women agreed that a woman requesting an abortion\nshould always be \nseen in person by a quali\ufb01ed doctor.20\n\n\n9 1(3)).\n\n\n \n\nIn England and Wales, the Abortion Act currently restricts abortion to\nhospitals or places approved by the Secretary of State (section \n10 See: Abortion Act 1967. \n11 The Abortion Act prescribes conscientious objection rights for medical\nprofessionals (see section 4 of Abortion Act). \n12 See: Doctor risks his career after refusing abortion referral. \n13 See: Pre-signing abortion forms is illegal, General Medical Council admits. \n14 See: Abortion investigation: doctors \ufb01lmed agreeing illegal abortions 'no\nquestions asked'. \n15 See: 66 babies in a year left to die after NHS abortions that go wrong. \n16 See: Fury as number of abortions of cleft-lip babies rises. \n17 See: Hansard, House of Lords, Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc)\nAct 2019: Section 3(5), 17 October 2019. \n18 See: Savanta ComRes: Abortion Polling for Where Do They Stand?. \n19 See: Daily Mail: I\u2019ve helped perform abortions but these \u2018no limits\u2019\nzealots chill my blood and RCM controversy media coverage. \n20 See: Savanta ComRes: Christian Institute - Abortion Survey.\n\n\ninfo@righttolife.org.uk | www.righttolife.org.uk\n\n\n2\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 327777, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='29' style='font-size:14px'>THE LIV ES OF THE INNOCENT S</header>\n<h1 id='30' style='font-size:20px'>Discussion Topic: Manipulation of Language</h1>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>What evasive terms for justifying abortion are used in your culture?<br>Examples: women\u2019s health issues, population control, etc. Think of<br>examples from media, entertainment, music, literature, etc. How is the<br>language of the abortion issue obscuring the stark reality of what is<br>happening to millions of lives?</p>\n<h1 id='32' style='font-size:20px'>Discussion Topic: Avoiding Debate to Focus on Action</h1>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>How can we avoid being dragged into an abortion debate? Some believers<br>feel they are contributing to the cause of life through their contentious<br>intellectual opposition to abortion. They want to talk about how evil<br>abortion is, but do little to help those in need. We must never allow the<br>preciousness of human life to be reduced to winning a debate. How can<br>we steer the \u201cdebaters\u201d in the direction of showing compassion?</p>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:20px'>Discussion Topic: Motivations<br>and Justifications</h1>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Do the motivations for abortion differ in various societies? Some cultures<br>emphasize a woman\u2019s \u201cright to privacy,\u201d while other cultures may focus<br>on the \u201cgood of the collective.\u201d How does this understanding help us in<br>ministering to those affected by abortion?</p>\n<h1 id='36' style='font-size:20px'>Discussion Topic: Personal Privacy</h1>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Abortion is a very personal and private matter, as well it should be. It<br>may be very difficult for some to talk about. What kind of discretion is<br>needed? Should counselors be of the same gender as those needing help?<br>Though it is personal and private, it needs to be addressed in order for<br>those involved to receive help. How do we gently offer a listening ear and<br>a helping hand?</p>\n<footer id='38' style='font-size:14px'>114</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2599054, "type": "text", "content": "Dear Friend of the Anti-Choice Project,\n\n\n \n\nA little over a year ago, Andrew and I made our first pitch\u2014our first\npresentation of plans for the newly created Anti- \nChoice Project (ACP). At the time, the ACP consisted of two volunteers, who\nalso happened to be its co-founders. Shortly \nafter laying out our strategy for making abortion unthinkable in Kitsap\nCounty, WA we generated our first fundraiser \nletter as it became clear the eight signs we had on hand were insufficient for\nthe numbers of volunteers who wanted to take \npart in the effort to expose what abortion does to babies.\n\n\nFrom the generous response of our supporters, we were able to increase our\ninventory from 8 to 30 hand-held graphic \nsigns, which has proved more than adequate for our needs. Until now.\n\n\n \n\n# HOW TO END ABORTION\n\n\n \n\nThe strategy and mission of the Anti-Choice Project is at \nthe same time amazingly simple, remarkably \ninexpensive, and incredibly effective. We take 4'x3' \npictures of babies killed by abortion to the busiest \nintersections of America. In doing so, we expose what \nPlanned Parenthood and the mainstream media have \nworked painstakingly to cover up. The veil behind which \nthey have hidden the truth of abortion all these years is \nstripped away every time the ACP steps out on the \nstreets. The result is tension\u2014a tension already alive in \nour society, but one that these images bring to the \nsurface. And, like Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said of the \nsocietal tension during the Civil Rights Movement, \u201cWe \nbring it out in the open, where it can be seen and dealt \nwith.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nAfter a weekend protest in Poulsbo, WA. Pictured L-R: Andrew \nSt.Hilaire, Courtney, Christie, Tom Herring, Hollie, Carrie, and Kerry.\n\n\n \n\nNo injustice has ever ended by covering it up. In a democracy, you can only\nend an injustice when sufficient numbers of \npeople\u2014a critical mass of 50.1%\u2014are bothered enough by the wrongdoing to do\nanything to stop it.\n\n\n \n\nYet if you were to poll most cities in America today, 37 years and 50 million\ndead babies after Roe v. Wade, you would find \nthat the majority population is not very bothered about abortion in general.\nThey certainly are not much bothered by first- \ntrimester abortions (when 90% of all abortions are performed), which they\nnaively believe to be the simple removal of a \nfew cells. I would venture to say the results from such a poll taken in\nBremerton, Silverdale, Port Orchard and Poulsbo \ntoday would be different from other cities. I would further venture to say the\nresults of such a poll taken in Kitsap County \n10 years from now will be drastically different, as\u2014much to the distress of\npro-aborts\u2014the Anti-Choice Project is here to \nstay. The people of Kitsap County can't hardly drive home from church or work\nanymore without seeing images of dead \nbabies, thanks to the ACP. As any of our volunteers can attest, large numbers\nof these motorists are not happy about that.\n\n\nGood. At long last, we are all angry about abortion. As with every movement of\nsocial reform, people always want to attack \nthe messenger. But at the end of the day our message is getting through loud\nand clear: abortion is an act of violence that \nkills a baby and should never be legal. We could print those very words on\nsome vinyl and hold it up in place of our graphic \nsigns, but the problem with such a strategy is the population you are trying\nto convince must take you at your word. With a \ntext sign, pro-lifers attempt to reason with a society that, on the one hand,\ntends to believe truth is relative, and, on the \nother, that first trimester abortions remove blobs of tissue, not babies. They\nconsider a sign, which reads \u201cAbortion Kills\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2626471, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>are outlined in the Abortion Act 1967 (which provides that abortion can only be performed under<br>speci\ufb01c grounds). Without this legal safeguard, under this amendment, sex-selective abortion would<br>be expressly permitted.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>3. There would be no legal restrictions on places where abortions could be performed.9<br>4. A doctor would not be required to participate in an abortion procedure. Healthcare assistants, nurses, and<br>pharmacists could carry out abortions.<br>5. There would be no legal requirement that two doctors must certify an abortion.10<br>6. There would be no legal provision protecting medical professionals\u2019 freedom of conscience with regard to<br>abortion. This could result in doctors and other healthcare professionals being forced into choosing between<br>performing an abortion or leaving their profession.11</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u25cb The Abortion Act (s. 4) provides conscientious objection rights for medical professionals. Without this<br>safeguard, doctors, nurses, or other healthcare professionals could be forced to perform abortions or<br>leave their profession. They could also be forced to be complicit in the abortion process by having to<br>refer to another doctor who would do a termination (e.g. Victoria, Australia a doctor was investigated<br>for not referring for a sex-selective abortion.)12</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>7 . The situation would likely allow for far greater abuses than have already occurred under the current law.</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u25cb Already within our current legal framework we have seen doctors pre-signing abortion forms,13<br>sex-selective abortions being offered, 14 live babies being left to die following abortions that have gone<br>wrong 15 and children with minor disabilities, such as cleft palate, being aborted. 16<br>\u25cb In this context, where the current law is supposed to be preventing such appalling practices, the<br>thought of allowing abortion on demand and removing legal safeguards is seriously worrying.</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>8. \u2018Decriminalisation\u2019 would put women in greater danger. As Lord Morrow noted during a debate on repealing<br>section 58, \u201cthe repeal of Section 58 means that the provision of abortion becomes legal in any context</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>...Thus, extraordinarily, backstreet abortions, with all the attendant safety concerns for women, will be de<br>facto legal.\u201d17</p>\n<br><h1 id='20' style='font-size:22px'>Where do women sit on this issue?</h1>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u25cf The proposed law change is radically out of step with the opinions of women on this matter.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u25cb Polling from Savanta ComRes on whether time limits for abortion should be increased showed that<br>women want more, not fewer, safeguards around abortion across a number of key areas:18</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u25a0 Only 1% of women wanted the time limit to be extended, in contrast to 70% of women who<br>favoured a reduction in time limits.<br>\u25a0 77% of women agree that doctors should be required to verify in person that a patient seeking an<br>abortion is not under pressure from a third party to undergo the abortion.<br>\u25a0 91% of women agree that gender-selective abortion should be explicitly banned by the law.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u25a0 See full details at www.righttolife.org.uk/polling.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u25cb The Royal College of Midwives\u2019 support for the BPAS abortion-up-to-birth campaign saw a serious<br>backlash from over 100s of midwives who protested against the RCM\u2019s position and national opposition.19<br>\u25cb Other evidence suggests that there is support for greater restrictions on abortion practice: A poll from<br>March 2014 showed that 92% of women agreed that a woman requesting an abortion should always be<br>seen in person by a quali\ufb01ed doctor.20</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>9 1(3)).</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>In England and Wales, the Abortion Act currently restricts abortion to hospitals or places approved by the Secretary of State (section<br>10 See: Abortion Act 1967.<br>11 The Abortion Act prescribes conscientious objection rights for medical professionals (see section 4 of Abortion Act).<br>12 See: Doctor risks his career after refusing abortion referral.<br>13 See: Pre-signing abortion forms is illegal, General Medical Council admits.<br>14 See: Abortion investigation: doctors \ufb01lmed agreeing illegal abortions 'no questions asked'.<br>15 See: 66 babies in a year left to die after NHS abortions that go wrong.<br>16 See: Fury as number of abortions of cleft-lip babies rises.<br>17 See: Hansard, House of Lords, Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019: Section 3(5), 17 October 2019.<br>18 See: Savanta ComRes: Abortion Polling for Where Do They Stand?.<br>19 See: Daily Mail: I\u2019ve helped perform abortions but these \u2018no limits\u2019 zealots chill my blood and RCM controversy media coverage.<br>20 See: Savanta ComRes: Christian Institute - Abortion Survey.</p>\n<footer id='28' style='font-size:16px'>info@righttolife.org.uk | www.righttolife.org.uk</footer>\n<footer id='29' style='font-size:16px'>2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 988803, "type": "text", "content": "This study will address \u201cinduced abortions,\u201d abortions carried \nout with the purpose of ending the life of the unborn for various \nreasons\u2014social (elective abortions), medical, or otherwise. Medical \nreasons refer to issues regarding either the health of the mother or the \nchild. They can be mild, moderate, or severe.\n\n\n \n\nAnother phrase using the term \u201cabortion,\u201d which does not fit the \nabove definition, is the \u201cafter-birth abortion.\u201d This is a euphemism \nfor infanticide, which is not only suggested by some academics or \nhealth practitioners but may also be carried out by a parent, relative, \nor another person. Neither \u201cspontaneous abortions\u201d nor \u201cafter-birth \nabortions\u201d directly concern us in this study.\n\n\n# Data Concerning Abortions\n\n\n \n\nAbortion has been a much-debated issues for decades, and is \npracticed extensively. \u201cBetween 1973 and 2005 more than 45 million \nlegal abortions were performed in the United States. . . Figures from \n1996 show that approximately 3,700 abortions occurred each day in \nthe United States. . . According to the Alan Guttmacher Institute. . . \nnearly half of the pregnancies among American women are \nunintended, and four in ten of those end in abortion.\u201d14\n\n\n \n\nIn the United States, the phenomenon has been studied so widely \nthat numbers are available on how many women in certain age \ngroups, social classes, religious affiliations, races, and other groups \nhave abortions. The reasons why these women chose abortions have \nalso been investigated. \u201cSix percent of abortions are performed \nbecause of potential health problems regarding either the mother or \nchild. In contrast, \u201893% of all abortions occur for social reasons (i.e. \nthe child is unwanted or inconvenient).\u2019\u201d15 Social reasons include, as \nindicated already, poverty and financial difficulties, interference with \neducation, work, or career, perceived unreadiness for a child, being \nunmarried, etc. A 2004 study by the Alan Guttmacher Institute on a \nmore limited sample of participants came to the following conclusion: \n\u201cOur data suggest that after carefully assessing their individual \nsituations, women base their decisions largely on their ability to\n\n\n14 Feinberg and Feinberg, 63. This quotation is associated with the Alan\nGuttmacher \nInstitute. \u201cThe Guttmacher Institute isn\u2019t affiliated with a political party,\nand so it is \nnonpartisan in the strict sense of the word. It is true that the group does\nwork to \u2018ensure \nthat all women are able to exercise their reproductive rights and\nresponsibilities,\u2019 \nwhich puts them among advocates of abortion rights\u201d (Wikipedia, s.v.\n\u201cGuttmacher \nInstitute,\u201d last modified March 10, 2020,\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guttmacher_ \nInstitute [accessed March 17, 2020]). \n15 Feinberg and Feinberg, 65.\n\n\n9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 327576, "type": "text", "content": "CHAPTER THREE: THE CHO ICE FOR A BO RT IO N\n\n\n# what is Abortion?\n\n\nIn medical literature, abortion refers to any termination of a pregnancy \nprior to live birth. In this discussion, we are addressing choices about \nright and wrong, so we are not dealing with any spontaneous miscar- \nriage, whether due to the pre-natal death of the unborn child or caused \nby an injury or disease or complications in a pregnancy. In this exami- \nnation of choices, we use the term abortion to refer to any intentionally \ninduced miscarriage, the decision to willfully remove the baby from the \nwomb, thereby ending the child\u2019s life.\n\n\n# Regard for Human Life in Chinese History\n\n\nDaily in China, 35,000 babies are killed by abortion. Th at adds up to \nnearly 13 million in a year\u2019s time! In addition, millions of abortion pills \ncause innumerable undocumented deaths of unborn babies.\n\n\nMany unauthorized clandestine burial grounds have sprung up in close \nproximity to abortion facilities; the grief of millions of Chinese women is \nprofound, and results in rampant depression and misery.\n\n\nEXERCISE: What are the attitudes toward abortion in your \nculture and in the history of your society? What can you \nlearn by cautious investigation of ancient law codes? Write \ndown your fi ndings.\n\n\nPrior to the Han Dynasty (before 206 BC), abortion was viewed as \nhomicide. In the Tang Dynasty (AD 618 -906), it was still a crime to \ncause abortion by assaulting a pregnant woman, and women who injured \nthemselves to cause an abortion were liable for punishment.\n\n\nTh ere was a gradual erosion of homicide laws, due to an overemphasis \non respect for parents and elders, to the extent that even infanticide \n(the killing of a child by a father) was no longer considered a crime! \nHowever, the fact that it was permissible for fathers to kill their children\n\n\n31\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 522127, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='27' style='font-size:14px'>Appendix 1: Free text responses</header>\n<table id='28' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>S No.</td><td>Please state the reasons for your response</td></tr><tr><td>279</td><td>It's possible that a religious group with strong anti-abortion views could claim that their rights were being violated. Doubtless the Council will check their legal position on this issue.</td></tr><tr><td>280</td><td>Kids walking on the street do not need to be exposed to protesters</td></tr><tr><td>281</td><td>Legitimate routes to protest about abortion already exists. No one has the right to harass service users at the point of medical need.</td></tr><tr><td>282</td><td>Life is Sacred & the Unborn need Protection.</td></tr><tr><td>283</td><td>Lots of elderly protesters</td></tr><tr><td>284</td><td>Makes life safer and more protected</td></tr><tr><td>285</td><td>Many of the pro-life individuals are older people.</td></tr><tr><td>286</td><td>Many people have strong pro-life beliefs against the termination of pregnancy, however people also have strong pro-choice beliefs. This will affect either group.</td></tr><tr><td>287</td><td>May improve the situation for pregnant women either accessing the services provided or considering doing so.</td></tr><tr><td>288</td><td>Most of the above can be positively or negatively affected.</td></tr><tr><td>289</td><td>Most of the anti abortion campaigners are probably Catholics and this measure will clearly disproportionally impact on them.</td></tr><tr><td>290</td><td>Most of the women who receive assistance from prayer vigils are from ethnic minority communities, including illegal immigrants. These people will therefore be disproportionately adversely affected by any restriction on the activities of those who seek to offer advice and materioal assistance to help them through their pregnancies. Any restrictions will also have an adverse impact on persons seeking to practise their religious beliefs, for obvious reasons</td></tr><tr><td>291</td><td>My adult son has learning disabilities would prefer to use a route through the nominated safe area and finds the current situation very distressing and avoids this area if at all possible</td></tr><tr><td>292</td><td>My personal feeling is that it would be positive for the protesters and users of the clinic</td></tr><tr><td>293</td><td>Nature of protest is basically anti-social</td></tr><tr><td>294</td><td>Negative effect on everyone</td></tr><tr><td>295</td><td>negative impact on all of the above due to restriction on essential freedoms required in a democracy.</td></tr><tr><td>296</td><td>Negative impact on children if they are allowed to stand in the \"Designated Area\". I would still have to explain why they are there.</td></tr><tr><td>297</td><td>Negative impact on Pregnancy and maternity. This seems obvious. Expectant mothers - that is pregnant women - will be prevented from receiving support to continue through to the birth of their child; and to avoid the life-long distress of having taken the most unnatural of actions which is causing the death of their own child. Prayer vigils save the lives of children. Your proposed restrictions appear designed to ensure and enforce the death of children and the breach of natural law; and to proscribe the last offers of hope and help. .</td></tr><tr><td>298</td><td>Negative impact on pregnant women.</td></tr><tr><td>299</td><td>Negative impact on religion and belief. Disproportionate interference with Convention rights under the Human Rights Act 1998.</td></tr></table>\n<br><footer id='29' style='font-size:14px'>Page 620 of 644</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 988856, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>gigantic genocide. But what we encounter is a colossal feticide. From<br>such a perspective, the problem is urgent and cannot be ignored.</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Arguments used by proponents of abortion may be startling at<br>times. This is not only with those who are not directly affected, but<br>also with pregnant women. Here are two examples: 1) Some women<br>regard killing the unborn as less problematic than giving away the<br>newborn for adoption or for care by foster parents so that he/she<br>may reach his/her full potential. \u201cMore than one-third of interview<br>respondents said they have considered adoption and concluded that it<br>was a morally unconscionable option because giving one\u2019s child away<br>is wrong.\u201d22 2) \u201cAlthough some [women] described abortion as sinful<br>and wrong, many of those same women, and others, described the<br>indiscriminate bearing of children as a sin, and their abortion as \u2018the<br>right thing\u2019 and a \u2018responsible choice.\u2019\u201d23 On the other hand, Crosby<br>points to an earlier study in which 72 percent of the pregnant woman<br>seeking abortion claimed not to be particularly religious, \u201cbut 96<br>percent afterwards felt that abortion was \u2018taking of a life\u2019 or \u2018murder\u2019 . . .<br>\u2018 A psychological price is paid\u2019. . . . Thus psychic trauma to the mother<br>is probably more likely to result from an abortion than from a birth.\u201d24<br>Also, to claim that abortion is a sin and still maintain that it is the best<br>option for social reasons sounds contradictory, and may appear to be<br>a justification for behavior that the woman herself may have questions<br>about.</p>\n<h1 id='29' style='font-size:20px'>The Variety of Opinions on Abortion</h1>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Opinions on abortion vary widely. These opinions depend on<br>one\u2019s presuppositions and value system. Here is a summary of some,<br>but by far not all, positions on the topic:</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Some people argue that all types of abortions should be allowed,<br>suggesting that the fetus is not a human person and therefore can be<br>aborted. Peter Singer proposes,</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>My suggestion, then, is that we accord the fetus no higher<br>moral status than we give to a nonhuman animal at a similar<br>level of rationality, self-consciousness, awareness, capacity to<br>feel, and so on. Because no fetus is a person, no fetus has<br>the same claim to life as a person. Until a fetus has some<br>capacity for conscious experience, an abortion terminates an</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>22 Finer et al., 117<br>23 Ibid., 118.<br>24 Crosby, 66.</p>\n<br><footer id='34' style='font-size:16px'>11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 988855, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:20px'>maintain economic stability and to care for children they already<br>have.\u201d16 Loren Seibold states,</h1>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Having an abortion is often argued as the way to keep unwed<br>mothers from sinking under family responsibilities. The<br>data doesn\u2019t support that. Women who have had abortions<br>are more likely to become pregnant again and have more<br>abortions, and are more likely to require welfare. They have<br>more health and emotional problems, which makes it harder<br>to find a job, and diminishes their chance of establishing<br>permanent relationships with a male partner \u2014 they\u2019re more<br>likely to never marry, more likely to divorce, and more likely<br>to go through a long string of unsuccessful relationships.17</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u201cIn both surveys [1987 and 2004], 1% [of the sample of abortion<br>patients] indicated that they had been victims of rape, and less than<br>half a percent said they became pregnant as a result of incest.\u201d18 \u201cOnly<br>a small proportion of women cited concerns about their own health.<br>However . . . these concerns encompassed not just risks to future<br>health, but also the health burden of pregnancy itself.\u201d19</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>While the abortion rate in the United States declined between<br>2008 and 2014, it is still anticipated that \u201cnearly 1 in 4 women\u201d will<br>\u201chave an abortion during her reproductive years.\u201d20</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>But abortions are not limited to the United States only. \u201cIn 2003,<br>worldwide there were nearly 42 million abortions some 48% of all<br>abortions worldwide were considered \u2018unsafe.\u2019\u201d21 The magnitude<br>of the issue becomes even more pronounced as one compares the<br>yearly number of abortions worldwide with the population of certain<br>countries. Forty-two million aborted children represents more than<br>the total population of Poland in 2019 (about thirty-eight million).<br>It is about half of the population of Germany (about eighty-four<br>million). To eradicate the entire population of a country would be a</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>16 Finer et al., 117.<br>17 Loren Seibold, \u201cWhy I\u2019m Neither Pro-Life Nor Pro-Choice,\u201d Spectrum, December<br>18, 2009, https://spectrummagazine.org/article/column/2009/12/18/why-i%25E2%2<br>580%2599m-neither-pro-life-nor-pro-choice (accessed March 17, 2020).<br>18 Finer et al., 113.<br>19 Ibid., 117.<br>20 See Rachel K. Jones and Jenna Jerman, \u201cPopulation Group Abortion Rates and<br>Lifetime Incidence of Abortion: United States, 2008\u20132014,\u201d American Journal of Public<br>Health 107, no. 12 (December 2017): 1908.<br>21 Feinberg and Feinberg, 66.</p>\n<br><footer id='26' style='font-size:16px'>10</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 71772, "type": "text", "content": "# Abortion Is Built on Lies \u2014 A New Low\n\n\nA bortion is now the leading cause of death in the world. It is one of the\ngreatest miseries and \nmoral evils ever to be entrenched in our world.\n\n\nI t exceeds all previous atrocities. One of the tragedies is that the vast\nmajority of Americans have \nignored this and have not stood for justice and mercy. We, as a whole \u2014\nChristians and non- \nChristians \u2014have not opposed the dismemberment or chemical poisoning of the\nmost vulnerable \nand the most innocent.\n\n\nA bortion is built on lies. You have to lie to defend it. It is an atrocity\nchanging the whole thought \nprocess of our country. More than a million lives are violently terminated\neach year \u2014 3,500 \neach day.\n\n\nA bortion is not just wrong \u2014 it is evil. Diabolically ruthlessly evil. And it\nshames us as a \nculture. And even more so as Christians. (There is no condemnation for anyone\nwho has \nrepented of this. Forgiveness in its magnificent way covers all.)\n\n\nT here is no argument for abortion that makes sense! There is always a better\nway.\n\n\nW hy do we have the right to authorize the killing of another human being? Why\ndoes a mother \nhave the right to choose her child\u2019s expiration date?!\n\n\nT hose who control the language control our thought processes. Entire books\nhave been written \nrevealing that the language used by pro-abortionists deceives, confuses, and\nmakes possible what \nshould be unthinkable. Verbal engineering always precedes social engineering.\nAnd gradually, \ndrip by drip, our morals and consciences have been overridden to the point\nthat we allow what \nshould be an unimaginable horror and an unthinkable act of violence. The word\n\u201cchoice\u201d is a \nbrilliantly evil choice of words. Freedom of choice is perhaps the John 1:1 of\nthe abortion lobby. \nBUT it is a CHILD, NOT A CHOICE!\n\n\nA nd note that the most popular and admired women in America are now actively\nadvocating for \nand shouting the praises of abortion. We should remember however, that we\ndisplay our \ncharacter by the things which repulse and revolt us. What God finds\nabominable, we should find \nabominable.\n\n\nI n an historic tragedy of ghastly consequences the New York Senate led and\nhas voted to legalize \nabortion right up to the moment of birth, i.e. 9 months \u2014 for any reason\n(1/23/19). They have \nalso voted to repeal any protection, which would mean no medical care for any\nbabies who \nsurvived an abortion attempt. Hideous in the extreme! How any person of\nconscience or moral \ndecency could support this I cannot imagine. Ours is a sick and depraved\nculture as is \ndemonstrated by the jubilant rejoicing of those in favor of the \u201cchoice\u201d to\nmurder our children. \nWe now celebrate the taking of human life?! A new low and an abomination as\nsurely as the \nsacrificing of children by throwing them into a fire.\n\n\nU nable to bear the truth, we soften God\u2019s anger when we play it down by\nsaying that God loves \nthe sinner but hates the sin. Actually in Proverbs 6:16-17 we find this: \u201cThe\nLORD hates those \nwho shed innocent blood.\u201d\n\n\nA nd of course we know that by condoning or blessing evil we are in fact\nparticipating in it. May \nwe be found innocent of these vile deeds and stand up to protect the\ninnocents.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Consider the document's view on abortion as morally wrong and the influence of language in shaping public perception. How might these perspectives combine to affect societal views on newly proposed abortion legislation? Use numerical reasoning to compare potential changes in opinion if a survey shows a shift in terminology from 'pro-choice' to 'pro-life'. Assume an initial survey of 10,000 people where 60% are 'pro-choice' and explore a 10% decrease in 'pro-choice' support due to language shifts.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 834, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 303000, "type": "text", "content": "Pillar III Disclosures Report \u2013 2018\n\n\nfair and efficient ratio between the fixed and \nvariable components of the total remuneration.\n\n\n \n\nThe benchmark Target bonus for each employee \nis set during the hiring process, and this will be \nthe maximum Bonus that the employee may \nachieve within the discretionary scheme.\n\n\n \n\nAs a general rule, this Target bonus is \nmaintained over time, although it is subject to \nchanges, as is Fixed Remuneration, during the \nannual salary review, to adapt it to the given \nprofile, (i.e. Knowledges, abilities, attitudes, \nresponsibility, experience and contribution) or \nin accordance with interventions (promotions, \nincreases in responsibility or outstanding \ndevelopment by the employee).\n\n\n \n\nGuaranteed variable remuneration is \nexceptional, and must be expressly approved by \nthe Company's Chief Executive Officer. In any \ncase shall be confined to the first year of \nemployment and should be performed only \nwhen the entity has a base sound and solid \ncapital.\n\n\n \n\nThe amount each employee will definitively \nreceive under the short-term variable \nremuneration scheme will be linked, as \nestablished below, to a proper balance between \nthe employee's individual performance, the \ncorresponding business unit performance and \nthat of the Company.\n\n\n \n\n# 10.3.4.2 ASSESSMENTS\n\n\n \n\nAllfunds Bank's assessment system shapes the \nvariable remuneration effectively received \n(Bonus payable) by employees. The Company \nconducts assessments every year, covering \ncapabilities classified into three blocks of \ncontent, measuring the employee's individual \nperformance and their contribution to their \ndepartment:\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Job Performance \n\uf0b7 Human Factor \n\uf0b7 Skills\n\n\n \n\nThe aforementioned capabilities are measured \nusing an internal questionnaire. This \nquestionnaire has been slightly adapted and \nused during the last few years in the company, \nthe employees are used to it and it provides \nuseful information to reinforce the possible \nareas of improvement for each employee and \nthey understand its implications.\n\n\n \n\n10.3.4.3 SETTING THE BONUS PAYOUT\n\n\n \n\nThe Bonus payable to employees is set in \naccordance with their individual performance, \ntheir contribution to the relevant area and the \nresults of the Company. Allfunds Bank Human \nResources department coordinates all the \nprocess centrally.\n\n\n \n\nWith regard to the employees' performance and \ntheir contribution to their area, this is \ndetermined in accordance with the results of the \ntop-down annual assessment, taking into special \nconsideration the individual areas for \nimprovement established in the previous year's \nassessment, where applicable.\n\n\n \n\nDepending on performance (top-down \napproach) and, in the event, evolution during \nthe year under assessment, mainly in \ncompetencies necessary for adequately \ndischarging their duties and on the effort and \ncommitment shown, the person responsible will \nsubmit a proposal of the amount payable to the \nemployee.\n\n\n \n\nNevertheless, the Bonus payable will always be \nmodulated by the corresponding business unit \nas well as by the Company's financial results, and \nwill generally be reduced, proportionately, and \nmay even be cancelled, in the event of a \ndeficient performance by Allfunds Bank. \nAdditionally, if the Capital Ratio does not exceed \nthe minimum established by the regulator, the \nBonus payable will be revised so that the bank \ndoes not aggravate the regulatory breach. So, in \nthe event of budgetary compliance and capital \nratio accomplishment, the majority of variable \nremuneration is based on the manager's \nassessment (top-down) of the employee.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 67071, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>card pt278 35050 bmw 7 series''The secret to justifying a large bonus cpjobs com</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>May 2nd, 2018 - Any justification for a bonus should be grounded in your value as an employee writes Emma Charnock regional director of<br>recruiting experts Hays'</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>'HOW TO NEGOTIATE A SIGN ON BONUS OR INCREASED SALARY</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>MAY 10TH, 2018 - TIP NOT ALL NEGOTIATIONS NEED TO BE AROUND MONEY IF FOR EXAMPLE YOU DESIRE MORE TIME OFF IN A YEAR CONSIDER INTRODUCING THIS TOPIC INTO THE NEGOTIATION'</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>'types of employee recognition and rewards bonus</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>may 11th, 2018 - 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These \nfeedback sessions are \na subset of your \norganisations overall \nemployee \nperformance \nplanning and \nmonitoring \nframework.\n\n\n# Page 36/41\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 67070, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>Bonus Justification Example</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Letter of Justification How to Write a Letter. Bonus Guidelines for Represented Staff Sacramento State. 8 Secrets To A Perfect Bonus<br>Program. SPOT BONUS REQUEST FORM mydesignmaster com. Bonus Justification Example dealog de. DOE Desk Reference On Recruitment and<br>Retention Incentives. Examples of Business Justifications for Promotions Your. Example of justification for a bonus award wxst twofly co.<br>How to write a Project Justification in a proposal on. Examples of Performance Based Bonuses Chron com. Bonus Justification Example elusya<br>de. Justification for bonus to employee example. 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How Do I Write a Bonus<br>Letter Reference com</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>LETTER OF JUSTIFICATION HOW TO WRITE A LETTER</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>MAY 12TH, 2018 - FOR EXAMPLE A LETTER OF JUSTIFICATION MAY BE WRITTEN WHEN REQUESTING THAT A LEISURE I PROPOSE WE IMMEDIATELY UP THIS TO 350 000 WITH A SENIOR LEVEL BONUS'</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>'bonus guidelines for represented staff sacramento state</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>may 13th, 2018 - bonus guidelines for represented staff the request for staff bonus form with justification should then be forwarded to the appropriate vice president for review'</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>'8 secrets to a perfect bonus program</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>april 30th, 2013 - 8 secrets to a perfect bonus program easy\u2014structure the bonus so the lowest levels are easy to achieve so almost<br>everybody get something''SPOT BONUS REQUEST FORM Mydesignmaster Com</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>May 13th, 2018 - Spot Bonus Justification By The Employee\u2019s Supervisor And Endorsed By The Business Unit VP To The President Using This Spot Bonus Request</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Form'</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>'Bonus Justification Example dealog de<br>May 6th, 2018 - Read and Download Bonus Justification Example Free Ebooks in PDF format ABEKA ECONOMICS WORK AND PROSPERITY ANSWER KEY<br>ANSWERS TO CHEMACTIVITY 33''DOE Desk Reference On Recruitment and Retention Incentives<br>April 23rd, 2018 - On Recruitment and Retention Incentives worksheets to assist in documenting the justification and approvals the sample</p>\n<br><h1 id='11' style='font-size:18px'>recruitment and relocation incentive'</h1>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>'examples of business justifications for promotions your</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>february 22nd, 2014 - examples of business justifications for promotions one justification for giving an employee a promotion is that the<br>staff this is an objective example of a''Example of justification for a bonus award wxst twofly co<br>April 16th, 2018 - 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editor\u2019s note we have found that bonus expenses are one of the most common cost elements being scrutinized by auditors<br>these days and some of the most common'</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>'The City University Of New York Performance Bonus Program</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>May 10th, 2018 - The City University Of New York Performance Bonus Program For Full Time Excluded Instructional Staff Justification For<br>Bonus Recommendation'</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>of</p>\n<h1 id='22' style='font-size:18px'>'bonus justification example tmolly de</h1>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>to</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>may 1st, 2018 - read and download bonus justification example free ebooks in pdf format crome pro download bmw user guide r4i sdhc 3ds rts</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>1 / 2</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3298734, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As noted below in \u201cOverview of Executive<br>Compensation Governance Practices \u2013 Looking Forward<br>to Fiscal 2022\u201d, we will return to 100% quantitative<br>financial goals for our short-term bonus plan for Fiscal<br>2022.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Bonus Payout</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As intended and approved by the Compensation<br>Committee at the beginning of the fiscal year, the bonus<br>payout was based on the average of the performance<br>assessment of the KPIs set for the first half of the year<br>and the second half of the year as determined by the<br>Compensation Committee. Determination of the<br>progress made against the KPIs for the first half of the<br>year was reviewed and approved by the Compensation<br>Committee in November 2020 and determination of the<br>progress made for the second half of the year was</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:14px'>59 | 2021 PROXY STATEMENT</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3472499, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>with the market, with individual amounts varying as appropriate based on corporate and individual executive<br>performance, and other factors deemed to be appropriate by our Compensation Committee. Given that our<br>Company continues to evolve and grow, we have not developed a specific market positioning that we consistently<br>aim for in setting compensation levels. Instead, our Compensation Committee determines each element of<br>compensation, and total target cash and equity compensation, for each NEO based on various facts and<br>circumstances appropriate for us in any given year. Competitive market positioning is only one of several factors, as<br>described above under \u201cFactors Used in Determining Executive Compensation,\u201d that our Compensation Committee<br>considers in making compensation decisions, so individual NEO compensation may therefore fall at varying levels<br>as compared to the market data.</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>2020 Executive Compensation Program</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Base Salary</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Our Compensation Committee generally reviews our NEOs\u2019 salaries on an annual basis. The annual base<br>salaries for our NEOs for 2020 are set forth in the chart below. The annual base salaries of our NEOs remained<br>unchanged in 2020, because the Compensation Committee determined that their salaries negotiated in connection<br>with assuming their current positions were sufficient for their continued service into 2020 and remained competitive<br>based on market data. In addition, due to the uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company<br>suspended all employee merit salary increases during 2020.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Named Executive Officer</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2020 Annual Base<br>Salary</p>\n<br><table id='65' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Badrinarayanan Kothandaraman</td><td>$ 450,000</td></tr><tr><td>Eric Branderiz</td><td>400,000</td></tr><tr><td>Jeffrey McNeil</td><td>316,260</td></tr><tr><td>David Ranhoff</td><td>400,000</td></tr></table>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>2020 Cash Performance Bonuses</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>On January 28, 2020, upon recommendation by our Compensation Committee, our Board approved our 2020<br>Bonus Program. The 2020 Bonus Program was designed to align compensation with annual goals that are<br>measured and paid quarterly, based upon Company and individual performance to better incentivize employees to<br>strive to meet real-time goals set on a quarterly basis.</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>All Company employees who were not otherwise participating in a separate incentive program, including our<br>NEOs, were eligible for quarterly performance bonuses under the 2020 Bonus Program, based on (i) individual and<br>Company performance measured against pre-approved goals set forth on a quarterly balanced scorecard<br>developed by the employee and the employee\u2019s supervisor, and (ii) the performance of our CEO toward overall<br>corporate goals set forth on the CEO\u2019s quarterly scorecard developed by our CEO and the Board. Since our CEO\u2019s<br>quarterly targets generally related to the Company\u2019s strategic goals, the Compensation Committee believed that the<br>CEO\u2019s scorecard results were a good measure of the achievement of our overall corporate objectives and<br>performance and demonstrated the contributions of our other employees, including our other NEOs, toward those<br>achievements. The number of performance goals per quarter varied for each employee, but an employee could<br>have as many as 45 quarterly goals included on his or her scorecard. The quarterly bonus payout for each eligible<br>employee, including NEOs, was determined based on the employee\u2019s eligible salary on a quarterly basis, multiplied<br>by his or her bonus target (as a percentage of base salary), multiplied by a personal performance factor, multiplied<br>by a Company performance factor and finally multiplied by a funding percentage determined based on quarterly<br>profit.</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The personal performance factor was measured quarterly based on individual achievement of goals listed on<br>the scorecard and ranged from 0 to 1.2, determined by dividing the actual score on the performance goals by 100,<br>including 20 points for achievement of stretch goals. The personal performance factor was determined based upon<br>a review of the employee\u2019s quarterly scorecard and performance by each employee\u2019s direct supervisor, in<br>consultation with the employee. The Company performance factor was based on the CEO\u2019s achievement of overall<br>goals specified by our CEO and approved by the Board and ranges from 0 for achievement of less than 65% of the<br>CEO goals, 1.0 for achievement between 65% and 80% and 1.5 for achievement greater than 80%. The Company<br>performance factor was determined by the Board, in consultation with the CEO.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Quarterly bonus payout funding could range from 0% to 150% of the figure yielded by the above formula,<br>depending upon Company performance toward profitability targets in the applicable quarter. No quarterly bonuses<br>could be funded or payable if quarterly Company profit before taxes measured on a non-GAAP basis and not</p>\n<footer id='71' style='font-size:14px'>Enphase Energy, Inc. | 2021 Proxy Statement | 44</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 303123, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='126' style='font-size:18px'>Pillar III Disclosures Report \u2013 2018</header>\n<p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>fair and efficient ratio between the fixed and<br>variable components of the total remuneration.</p>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The benchmark Target bonus for each employee<br>is set during the hiring process, and this will be<br>the maximum Bonus that the employee may<br>achieve within the discretionary scheme.</p>\n<br><p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As a general rule, this Target bonus is<br>maintained over time, although it is subject to<br>changes, as is Fixed Remuneration, during the<br>annual salary review, to adapt it to the given<br>profile, (i.e. Knowledges, abilities, attitudes,<br>responsibility, experience and contribution) or<br>in accordance with interventions (promotions,<br>increases in responsibility or outstanding<br>development by the employee).</p>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Guaranteed variable remuneration is<br>exceptional, and must be expressly approved by<br>the Company's Chief Executive Officer. In any<br>case shall be confined to the first year of<br>employment and should be performed only<br>when the entity has a base sound and solid<br>capital.</p>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The amount each employee will definitively<br>receive under the short-term variable<br>remuneration scheme will be linked, as<br>established below, to a proper balance between<br>the employee's individual performance, the<br>corresponding business unit performance and<br>that of the Company.</p>\n<br><h1 id='132' style='font-size:18px'>10.3.4.2 ASSESSMENTS</h1>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Allfunds Bank's assessment system shapes the<br>variable remuneration effectively received<br>(Bonus payable) by employees. The Company<br>conducts assessments every year, covering<br>capabilities classified into three blocks of<br>content, measuring the employee's individual<br>performance and their contribution to their<br>department:</p>\n<br><p id='134' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 Job Performance<br>\uf0b7 Human Factor<br>\uf0b7 Skills</p>\n<br><p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The aforementioned capabilities are measured<br>using an internal questionnaire. This<br>questionnaire has been slightly adapted and<br>used during the last few years in the company,<br>the employees are used to it and it provides<br>useful information to reinforce the possible<br>areas of improvement for each employee and<br>they understand its implications.</p>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>10.3.4.3 SETTING THE BONUS PAYOUT</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Bonus payable to employees is set in<br>accordance with their individual performance,<br>their contribution to the relevant area and the<br>results of the Company. Allfunds Bank Human<br>Resources department coordinates all the<br>process centrally.</p>\n<br><p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>With regard to the employees' performance and<br>their contribution to their area, this is<br>determined in accordance with the results of the<br>top-down annual assessment, taking into special<br>consideration the individual areas for<br>improvement established in the previous year's<br>assessment, where applicable.</p>\n<br><p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Depending on performance (top-down<br>approach) and, in the event, evolution during<br>the year under assessment, mainly in<br>competencies necessary for adequately<br>discharging their duties and on the effort and<br>commitment shown, the person responsible will<br>submit a proposal of the amount payable to the<br>employee.</p>\n<br><p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Nevertheless, the Bonus payable will always be<br>modulated by the corresponding business unit<br>as well as by the Company's financial results, and<br>will generally be reduced, proportionately, and<br>may even be cancelled, in the event of a<br>deficient performance by Allfunds Bank.<br>Additionally, if the Capital Ratio does not exceed<br>the minimum established by the regulator, the<br>Bonus payable will be revised so that the bank<br>does not aggravate the regulatory breach. So, in<br>the event of budgetary compliance and capital<br>ratio accomplishment, the majority of variable<br>remuneration is based on the manager's<br>assessment (top-down) of the employee.</p>\n<br><p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In exceptional cases, subject to the approval of<br>Chief Executive Officer, an extra-bonus may be<br>paid (higher than the established Target bonus)<br>to those employees considered to deserve a<br>reward for their extraordinary effort or<br>contribution, always respecting the Principles of<br>the Policy. In case of members of identified staff<br>and/or significant amount, the extra-bonus<br>should be approved by the Board of Directors.</p>\n<br><p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>10.3.4.4 BONUS PAYABLE IN RELATION TO<br>RETENTION PLANS</p>\n<br><p id='143' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In exceptional cases, a retention plan may be<br>launched in order to retain the key employees<br>and to secure the value of the Company in<br>exceptional circumstances. Remuneration<br>under this scheme is neither able to be</p>\n<footer id='144' style='font-size:14px'>79</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3341436, "type": "text", "content": "the maximum Bonus that the employee may \nachieve within the discretionary scheme.\n\n\n \n\nAs a general rule, this Target bonus is \nmaintained over time, although it is subject to \nchanges, as is Fixed Remuneration, during the \nannual salary review, to adapt it to the given \nprofile, (i.e. Knowledges, abilities, attitudes, \nresponsibility, experience and contribution) or \nin accordance with interventions (promotions, \nincreases in responsibility or outstanding \ndevelopment by the employee).\n\n\nThe amount each employee will definitively \nreceive under the short-term variable \nremuneration scheme will be linked, as \nestablished below, to a proper balance between \nthe employee's individual performance, the \ncorresponding business unit performance and \nthat of the Company.\n\n\n \n\nGuaranteed variable remuneration is \nexceptional, and must be expressly approved by \nthe Company's Chief Executive Officer. In any \ncase shall be confined to the first year of \nemployment and should be performed only \nwhen the entity has a base sound and solid \ncapital.\n\n\n# 10.3.4.2 ASSESSMENTS\n\n\n \n\nAFB's assessment system shapes the variable \nremuneration effectively received (Bonus \npayable) by employees. The Company conducts \nassessments every year, covering capabilities \nclassified into three blocks of content, \nmeasuring the employee's individual \nperformance and their contribution to their \ndepartment:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Job Performance\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Human Factor\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Skills\n\n\n \n\nThe aforementioned capabilities are measured \nusing an internal questionnaire. This \nquestionnaire has been slightly adapted and \nused during the last few years in the company, \nthe employees are used to it and it provides \nuseful information to reinforce the possible \nareas of improvement for each employee and \nthey understand its implications.\n\n\n \n\n# 10.3.4.3 SETTING THE BONUS PAYOUT\n\n\n \n\nThe Bonus payable to employees is set in \naccordance with their individual performance,\n\n\n \n\nPillar III Disclosures Report \u2013 2017\n\n\ntheir contribution to the relevant area and the \nresults of the Company. AFB Human Resources \ndepartment coordinates all the process \ncentrally.\n\n\n \n\nWith regard to the employees' performance and \ntheir contribution to their area, this is \ndetermined in accordance with the results of the \ntop-down annual assessment, taking into special \nconsideration the individual areas for \nimprovement established in the previous year's \nassessment, where applicable.\n\n\n \n\nDepending on performance (top-down \napproach) and, in the event, evolution during \nthe year under assessment, mainly in \ncompetencies necessary for adequately \ndischarging their duties and on the effort and \ncommitment shown, the person responsible will \nsubmit a proposal of the amount payable to the \nemployee.\n\n\n \n\nNevertheless, the Bonus payable will always be \nmodulated by the corresponding business unit \nas well as by the Company's financial results, and \nwill generally be reduced, proportionately, and \nmay even be cancelled, in the event of a \ndeficient performance by AFB. Additionally, if \nthe Capital Ratio does not exceed the minimum \nestablished by the regulator, the Bonus payable \nwill be revised so that the Bank does not \naggravate the regulatory breach. So, in the event \nof budgetary compliance and capital ratio \naccomplishment, the majority of variable \nremuneration is based on the manager's \nassessment (top-down) of the employee.\n\n\n \n\nIn exceptional cases, subject to the approval of \nChief Executive Officer, an extra-bonus may be \npaid (higher than the established Target bonus) \nto those employees considered to deserve a \nreward for their extraordinary effort or \ncontribution, always respecting the Principles of \nthe Policy. In case of members of identified staff \nand/or significant amount, the extra-bonus \nshould be approved by the Board of Directors.\n\n\n \n\n10.3.4.4 BONUS PAYABLE IN RELATION TO \nRETENTION PLANS\n\n\n \n\nIn exceptional cases, a retention plan may be \nlaunched in order to retain the key employees \nand to secure the value of the Company in \nexceptional circumstances. Remuneration \nunder this scheme is neither able to be \nconsolidated nor must it necessarily be repeated \nover time. The Retention Plan comply with the\n\n\n73\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3457818, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='12' style='font-size:20px'>Acces PDF One<br>On One</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Feedback employee\u2019s<br>on the<br>recent performance<br>Template<br>and the employee\u2019s<br>short-term goals, (0-3<br>months). These<br>feedback sessions are<br>a subset of your<br>organisations overall<br>employee<br>performance<br>planning and<br>monitoring<br>framework.</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>Page 36/41</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3341539, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='52' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(903,59); bottom-right:(1056,123)\" /></figure>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>the maximum Bonus that the employee may<br>achieve within the discretionary scheme.</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As a general rule, this Target bonus is<br>maintained over time, although it is subject to<br>changes, as is Fixed Remuneration, during the<br>annual salary review, to adapt it to the given<br>profile, (i.e. Knowledges, abilities, attitudes,<br>responsibility, experience and contribution) or<br>in accordance with interventions (promotions,<br>increases in responsibility or outstanding<br>development by the employee).</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The amount each employee will definitively<br>receive under the short-term variable<br>remuneration scheme will be linked, as<br>established below, to a proper balance between<br>the employee's individual performance, the<br>corresponding business unit performance and<br>that of the Company.</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Guaranteed variable remuneration is<br>exceptional, and must be expressly approved by<br>the Company's Chief Executive Officer. In any<br>case shall be confined to the first year of<br>employment and should be performed only<br>when the entity has a base sound and solid<br>capital.</p>\n<h1 id='57' style='font-size:18px'>10.3.4.2 ASSESSMENTS</h1>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>AFB's assessment system shapes the variable<br>remuneration effectively received (Bonus<br>payable) by employees. The Company conducts<br>assessments every year, covering capabilities<br>classified into three blocks of content,<br>measuring the employee's individual<br>performance and their contribution to their<br>department:</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Job Performance</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Human Factor</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Skills</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The aforementioned capabilities are measured<br>using an internal questionnaire. This<br>questionnaire has been slightly adapted and<br>used during the last few years in the company,<br>the employees are used to it and it provides<br>useful information to reinforce the possible<br>areas of improvement for each employee and<br>they understand its implications.</p>\n<br><h1 id='63' style='font-size:18px'>10.3.4.3 SETTING THE BONUS PAYOUT</h1>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Bonus payable to employees is set in<br>accordance with their individual performance,</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Pillar III Disclosures Report \u2013 2017</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>their contribution to the relevant area and the<br>results of the Company. AFB Human Resources<br>department coordinates all the process<br>centrally.</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>With regard to the employees' performance and<br>their contribution to their area, this is<br>determined in accordance with the results of the<br>top-down annual assessment, taking into special<br>consideration the individual areas for<br>improvement established in the previous year's<br>assessment, where applicable.</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Depending on performance (top-down<br>approach) and, in the event, evolution during<br>the year under assessment, mainly in<br>competencies necessary for adequately<br>discharging their duties and on the effort and<br>commitment shown, the person responsible will<br>submit a proposal of the amount payable to the<br>employee.</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Nevertheless, the Bonus payable will always be<br>modulated by the corresponding business unit<br>as well as by the Company's financial results, and<br>will generally be reduced, proportionately, and<br>may even be cancelled, in the event of a<br>deficient performance by AFB. Additionally, if<br>the Capital Ratio does not exceed the minimum<br>established by the regulator, the Bonus payable<br>will be revised so that the Bank does not<br>aggravate the regulatory breach. So, in the event<br>of budgetary compliance and capital ratio<br>accomplishment, the majority of variable<br>remuneration is based on the manager's<br>assessment (top-down) of the employee.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In exceptional cases, subject to the approval of<br>Chief Executive Officer, an extra-bonus may be<br>paid (higher than the established Target bonus)<br>to those employees considered to deserve a<br>reward for their extraordinary effort or<br>contribution, always respecting the Principles of<br>the Policy. In case of members of identified staff<br>and/or significant amount, the extra-bonus<br>should be approved by the Board of Directors.</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>10.3.4.4 BONUS PAYABLE IN RELATION TO<br>RETENTION PLANS</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In exceptional cases, a retention plan may be<br>launched in order to retain the key employees<br>and to secure the value of the Company in<br>exceptional circumstances. Remuneration<br>under this scheme is neither able to be<br>consolidated nor must it necessarily be repeated<br>over time. The Retention Plan comply with the</p>\n<footer id='73' style='font-size:14px'>73</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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In a quarterly bonus structure, an employee received feedback for two quarters but missed one. How should they plan their next quarter performance and bonus strategy to align with existing templates and programs, while considering time constraints and format guidelines?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 837, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 76466, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='15' style='font-size:14px'>Important<br>Conversations<br>to Have</h1>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Adult Relationships Talk with<br>them about what it means to<br>be in a serious relationship and<br>what their expectations are</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>around such relationships.<br>\u2022 Alcohol and Marijuana Talk about how<br>they plan to respond to possible peer pressure<br>when they are living away from home. While we<br>don\u2019t condone the illegal use of alcohol or<br>marijuana, national statistics report that 76% of<br>students have tried alcohol and 39% have used<br>marijuana. So talk about what is means to be<br>responsible around alcohol and marijuana use.<br>\u2022 Safety We recommend female students take the<br>Never a Victim (NAV) class offered free each<br>semester. Talk about a safety plan should they<br>get into a situation they are not comfortable in.<br>\u2022 Medications We recommend students taking<br>medications to help manage depression and<br>anxiety avoid weaning off of those medications<br>unless under the direct supervision of their<br>medical provider.<br>\u2022 Discuss important items to consider having<br>on-hand in their room: thermometer, band-aids,<br>antibiotic ointment, hand sanitizer, reusable<br>cold pack, cough drops, over-the-counter cold<br>and pain relief medications.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Services provided at the<br>Wellness Center are not covered<br>Con\ufb01dentiality<br>under the FERPA release that<br>your student signs with the<br>school. If your student is 18 years<br>of age or older, healthcare providers and<br>clinicians cannot release information to anyone<br>without the student\u2019s signed consent. If your<br>student is under 18, there are certain physical and<br>mental health treatments that do not require<br>parent consent. Please know that we do take<br>your child\u2019s care seriously and will work with them<br>to obtain a release if it is in their best interest to<br>have a parent notified or involved with their care.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Colorado Law mandates that<br>Immunization all students provide proof of<br>Requirements two Measles, Mumps, and<br>Rubella (MMR) vaccines. All<br>students planning to live in<br>on-campus Housing must also submit<br>proof of a Meningococcal A,C,W,Y vaccine<br>given within the past five years, or sign the<br>Mandatory Meningococcal Disease Waiver<br>form prior to move-in. Students that do not<br>comply with these requirements by census<br>date will have a hold placed on their student<br>account preventing them from future class<br>registration. We also recommend Housing<br>students talk with their provider about the<br>Meningococcal B vaccine, but this vaccine is<br>not required by law.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Although UCCS is not a<br>Health mandatory insurance campus,<br>Insurance we do recommend that all<br>students have insurance<br>coverage. If your student does<br>have an insurance plan, now is a great<br>time to talk with them about what the policy<br>covers, what co-pays, co-insurance and<br>deductibles are, and where they can receive<br>services in an emergency situation. Encourage<br>your student to have a copy of their insurance<br>card with them at all healthcare visits.</p>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:18px'>Contact Information</h1>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Wellness Center is located in the<br>Gallogly Recreation and Wellness Center</p>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:16px'>Email: wellness@uccs.edu<br>Phone: 719.255.4444<br>Website: uccs.edu/recwellness</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='24' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"Assisting\nyour student\nas they\ntransition to\nLife\nas a\nCollege\nStudent\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1122,25); bottom-right:(1627,1256)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 955236, "type": "text", "content": "iii. Be registered in the semester the certificate or degree is to be\nconferred unless the \nstudent is granted an exception by the dean of their school; \niv. Federal Student Aid Exit Counseling must be completed by students who have\nreceived \nfinancial assistance, which must be repaid after graduation.\n\n\n20\\. Medical Services Fee and Student Health Insurance\n\n\n \n\na. TTUHSC provides health services to students who are currently enrolled and\nhave paid the \nMedical Services Fee as part of their tuition and fees. To receive health\nservices, students must \npresent their student I.D. card at the time of their appointment. Students who\nalso have private \ninsurance will need to submit their receipt for the co-pay charged at the\nappointment to their \ninsurance company for reimbursement.\n\n\n \n\ni. Each TTUHSC campus has designated facilities that students can use when\nneeding \nhealth care services. Each location offers a range of services from medical\ncheckups and \nmental health services to wellness support and health education. Students will\nfind \ninformation about each facility and covered services at the following link: \nhttps://www.ttuhsc.edu/student-affairs/health.aspx. The Medical Services Fee\ncovers \nonly those services listed on the aforementioned webpage. All other charges\nincurred \nare the students\u2019 responsibility. \nii. If a student receives a bill from the Health Sciences Center for services\ncovered by the \nMedical Services Fee, they should contact the Office of Student Life at (806)\n743-2302.\n\n\n \n\nb. Clinic Procedures. Please call to make an appointment. If you need to be\nseen for a sudden illness, \nplease call that day as early as possible. If you need to be seen after clinic\nhours, call your \ncampus\u2019s clinic phone number and ask to leave a message for the on-call\nphysician. When you \ncheck in, please inform the receptionist that you are a TTUHSC student. If you\ncome to the clinic \nwithout an appointment, it may be necessary for you to wait for a physician.\nImmunizations, \npaper work, and routine procedures are not ordinarily considered urgent care,\nand may not be \ntaken care of on the same day as requested. Telemedicine and nurse on call\nservices may also be \navailable. If you have a health emergency that requires you to be seen at a\nhospital emergency \nroom, go to the hospital listed for your campus under \u201cClinic Locations.\u201d\nVisits to an emergency \nroom that generate a charge from either TTUHSC or the hospital are your\nresponsibility. \nc. Students who are required by their School/program to have student health\ninsurance coverage \neach semester enrolled should be prepared to provide proof of coverage at the\ntime of \nregistration.\n\n\n \n\ni. Per OP 77.03, TTUHSC requires that all non-immigrant F-1 students have\nhealth \ninsurance coverage as a condition of enrollment. This guarantees that both \nTTUHSC and the non-immigrant students are in compliance with United States \nfederal regulations and guidelines.\n\n\n \n\nd. TTUHSC will make available information on student health insurance\nproviders for all registered \nstudents in the University. Students may investigate other insurance plans.\nInsurance \ninformation can be found on the Office of Student Life,\nhttps://www.ttuhsc.edu/student-life/.\n\n\n21\\. Interprofessional Education. All TTUHSC students, regardless of school\naffiliation, will be required to \ncomplete the IPE Core Curriculum prior to graduation. The IPE Core Curriculum\nis composed of two \ncomponents including successful completion of a non-credit online course (>70%\naccuracy on all \nknowledge post-tests) and successful participation in at least one registered\nIPE learning activity. Failure\n\n\n57\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 870250, "type": "text", "content": "# HEALTH & WELLNESS\n\n\nVisit the Health & Wellness page at oc.edu for mental health, healthcare\ninsurance and immunization information. Each \nstudent\u2019s mental and physical health are important. Access the resources\nneeded to help your student operate at his or \nher best.\n\n\nO C C O U N S E L I N G C E N T E R\n\n\n \n\n# 4 0 5 . 4 2 5 . 5 2 5 0\n\n\n \n\nProfessional mental health support is available at OC\u2019s Counseling Center in\nthe Heritage Village, next door to the Mail \nRoom. After hours, please contact your hall director. The counselors are\navailable by appointment. 8:00-11:00 am and \n1:00-4:30 pm Monday through Friday (closed for the summer).\n\n\n# C O N T A C T\n\n\n \n\nSheldon Adkins \nDirector of Counseling Services, M.Ed. LPC \nsheldon.adkins@oc.edu\n\n\n \n\nBrenda Gunter, MMFT, LPC \nbrenda.gunter@oc.edu\n\n\nS E R V I C E S O F F E R E D\n\n\n \n\nIndividual counseling, Premarital counseling \nOn-site testing/assessments \nFollow-up counseling (i.e. depression, anxiety, general wellness, alcohol,\neating disorders)\n\n\n \n\n# STUDENT SUCCESS CENTER\n\n\nServing as a compass to navigate towards graduation, Oklahoma\u2019s Christian\u2019s\nStudent Success Center partners with \nacademic programs to promote personal and academic responsibility as students\ntransition through their university \nexperience. Below are just some of the services offered through our Student\nSuccess Center. Find out more when you \nvisit Student Success at oc.edu.\n\n\nA C A D E M I C C O A C H I N G\n\n\n \n\nHaving trouble getting a handle on a class or college life in general? Whether\nyour issue is motivation, study skills, \nlearning style, organization or figuring out your future, an Academic Coach\ncan guide you down the right path. If you \nare placed on academic probation or suspension, Academic Coaches can help you\nget back on track.\n\n\nT U T O R I N G\n\n\n \n\nThe Student Success Center can match you with one of our Student Success\nTutors or refer you to a tutoring service on \ncampus. We also love to hear from students interested in being a Student\nSuccess Tutor.\n\n\nB R I D G E M E N T O R I N G P R O G R A M\n\n\n \n\nStudents who qualify for the Bridge Mentoring Program receive extra help in\nacademic areas, along with extra support \nand instruction in the development of good life habits.\n\n\nD I S A B I L I T Y S E R V I C E S\n\n\n \n\nOklahoma Christian University Disability Services welcomes students, faculty,\nstaff and visitors with disabilities. OC\u2019s \nStudent Success Center provides leadership to University efforts to ensure an\naccessible, welcoming working and \nlearning environment for individuals with disabilities while ensuring\ncompliance with federal and state regulations.\n\n\nA C H I E V E\n\n\n \n\nStudents with learning differences can Achieve in college. Let us know your\nneeds so that we can guide you to enroll in \nthe program best suited to you: Level I or Level II. Visit our website to\ndiscover what each level has to offer and the costs \nassociated with the Achieve Program.\n\n\n4\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1489943, "type": "text", "content": "# Challenge\n\n\n \n\n# Diminished wellness visits and missing \nimmunizations among children\n\n\n \n\n# Root Cause\n\n\n \n\n# Disruptions in regular \nwell-child care due to \nthe pandemic\n\n\n \n\n# Goal\n\n\n \n\nRequire or request documentation of \nimmunization status for 2020-2021 and \n2021-2022 Kindergarteners by December 31, \n2021\\. Require or request documentation of \nregular well care for all K-12 students by \nfall 2022.\n\n\n \n\n# High-Leverage Actions\n\n\n\u2022 Develop clarifying guidance regarding up-to-date immunization status prior\nto students starting school with the \nlocal health department. \n\u2022 Identify students who don\u2019t have access to a pediatrician, and partner with\nlocal entities to provide access. \n\u2022 Ensure all children are up-to-date with all CDC-recommended immunizations. \n\u2022 Partner with the local health department and community pharmacists to\ndisseminate information and make \nvaccination opportunities available for students who are eligible. \n\u2022 Collaborate with local health departments and pediatricians to establish and\nshare a list of providers who are \naccepting new patients. This could include pediatricians willing to travel\nfrom other communities. \n\u2022 Engage local pediatricians regularly to offer educational presentations and\nactivities for the broader community. \n\u2022 Collaborate with local health departments and pediatricians to offer mobile\nhealth clinics to offer immunizations; \nwell and acute care evaluations; and vision, hearing and dental screenings.\nEngage telehealth services where \npediatrician access is not readily available. \n\u2022 For students who are eligible, provide education about the Covid-19\nvaccination. Update based on CDC guidance.\n\n\n# Supporting Evidence\n\n\n\u2022 AAP, Well-Child/Immunization Schedule\n\n\n \n\u2022 Michigan Care Improvement Registry\n\n\n15\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1530166, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Colorado State University New Student Immunizations Form</p>\n<br><h1 id='25' style='font-size:22px'>A. To be completed by student</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='26' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Name: DOB: / /\nLast First Middle Initial Month/Day/Year\nAddress:\nStreet Address City State Zip Code Country\nCSU ID #: Phone Number:\" data-coord=\"top-left:(60,105); bottom-right:(1187,308)\" /></figure>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Sections B, C and D must be completed and signed by your health care provider.</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>B. Required Immunizations</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>MMR Requirement: Two doses of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination are required. The \ufb01rst MMR cannot be accepted by the institute if it was given earlier than four days<br>before the student\u2019s 1st birthday. The second dose of MMR must be given at least 28 days after the \ufb01rst dose of MMR. A positive MMR titer result may be submitted in lieu of vaccination<br>history (attach copy of titer result).<br>Meningococcal (ACWY) Requirement: All students living on campus in student housing must provide documentation of receiving a Meningococcal ACWY vaccine within the last 5 years, OR<br>they must read and sign the \u201cInformation Regarding MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE\u201d online waiver (see page 1 of form instructions for information on how to access online form.)</p>\n<br><table id='30' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Vaccine Name:</td><td>Month/Day/Year Administered</td><td>Month/Day/Year Administered</td><td>Month/Day/Year Titer Date and Result</td></tr><tr><td>MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Measles</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mumps</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rubella</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Meningococcal (ACWY)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='31' style='font-size:18px'>OR</h1>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Call the CSU Health Network Immunizations Department at (970) 491-7121 and request access to the online waiver titled \u201cInformation Regarding<br>Meningococcal Disease.\u201d If student is under age 18, a paper form must be signed by a parent or legal guardian.</p>\n<table id='33' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td colspan=\"7\">C. Recommended Immunizations (Stongly recommended for college students but not required by Colorado law)</td></tr><tr><td>Vaccine Name:</td><td colspan=\"5\">Month/Day/Year Administered</td><td>Titer Date and Result</td></tr><tr><td>COVID-19</td><td colspan=\"3\">Manufacturer:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DTaP</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Td</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tdap</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>OPV/IPV (Polio)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hep A</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hep B</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Varicella (Chickenpox)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Men B</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HPV</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>D. Signature/Stamp of Health Care Provider. An of\ufb01cial stamp from a doctor\u2019s of\ufb01ce, clinic or health department AND/OR an authorized<br>signature must appear here or this form will not be approved.</p>\n<br><table id='35' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Health Care Provider Signature:</td><td>Date:</td><td>Stamp:</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 76465, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Helping Your It can be a scary thing sending<br>Student your student off to college for<br>Transition the first time, but helping them<br>to Adulthood successfully transition to this<br>next phase of their life is a very<br>rewarding experience. Teaching them<br>how to take care of things on their own will help<br>prepare them for life after college. While we want<br>you to be their coach as they learn these skills;<br>having them make their own appointments and<br>call on their own if they have questions or<br>concerns about their care teaches them adult<br>responsibilities that are an integral part of this<br>transition.</p>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>What Do I<br>Need To<br>Know?</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Transitioning Starting college and<br>to Life as a transitioning to a new school<br>College can be challenging on many<br>Student different levels. First, the<br>transition from being a high school<br>student to assuming a college student<br>identity with all of its new demands and<br>responsibilities may be challenging. Secondly,<br>the transition to a new school with a new set of<br>relationships, expectations, and culture may<br>pose some difficulties. Finally, students between<br>the ages of 18 and 25 are developmentally<br>vulnerable to developing some mental<br>health-related issues. All of these adjustment<br>demands on our students may cause a<br>well-adjusted, healthy, good student to have a<br>hard time fulfilling his or her potential.<br>When such challenges occur, it is<br>critical to be able to detect the<br>issues at hand in a timely<br>manner, and be aware of<br>strategies and resources<br>available to help our students<br>work through them.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In order to detect concerns in<br>a timely manner, it would be<br>helpful to know what to pay<br>attention to:</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:14px'>Appearance:</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Deterioration in grooming and hygiene<br>\u2022 Bloodshot/swollen eyes<br>\u2022 Dramatic weight gain/loss<br>\u2022 Changes in clothing that are not consistent<br>with changes in temperature</p>\n<h1 id='6' style='font-size:14px'>Behaviors and Emotions:</h1>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Poor, erratic attendance or tardiness to class<br>\u2022 Seeming anxious, depressed, irritable, angry,<br>or sad<br>\u2022 Lethargic or perpetually tired<br>\u2022 Lack of interest in meeting class<br>requirements<br>\u2022 Indications of hopelessness/helplessness<br>\u2022 Marked changes in habits<br>\u2022 Sleeping in class<br>\u2022 Marked withdrawal in a normally outgoing<br>person<br>\u2022 Uncharacteristically poor work<br>\u2022 Repeated requests for special consideration<br>\u2022 Excessive anxiety about class performance<br>or evaluation<br>\u2022 Inappropriate tearfulness or intense emotion<br>(e.g. hostile and/or dramatic behaviors,<br>excessive and/or rapid speech)</p>\n<br><figure><img id='8' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"\u2022 Evidence\n(e.g.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(357,949); bottom-right:(741,1250)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>of self-destructive behaviors<br>signs of self-mutilation,<br>substance abuse, etc.)</p>\n<br><h1 id='10' style='font-size:14px'>Cognitive Functioning:</h1>\n<p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Verbal and/or written<br>expressions of harm to self<br>or others<br>\u2022 Reports of<br>suicidal/homicidal thoughts<br>\u2022 Verbal and/or written<br>expressions of harm to self<br>or others</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Difficulty concentrating<br>\u2022 Obsessing over an event/issue<br>\u2022 Disjointed/confused thoughts<br>\u2022 Thoughts out of touch with reality</p>\n<h1 id='13' style='font-size:14px'>Interpersonal Functioning:</h1>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Dependency on professor/mentor/tutor/parent<br>\u2022 Avoidance of<br>professor/mentor/tutor/peers/parent<br>\u2022 Poor relational boundaries (e.g. inappropriate<br>disclosure to professor/tutor/mentor)<br>\u2022 Disruptive behaviors in class<br>(or other learning<br>environments)<br>\u2022 Seemingly<br>unusual<br>comments or<br>behaviors<br>\u2022 Complaints<br>from peers,<br>faculty or staff<br>Not every<br>What do observed<br>I do? change should<br>alarm you, because many<br>students show some changes in<br>many of the listed areas above as they<br>try to find their individual identity, style and<br>values. The first step is to have a discussion<br>with your student about the observed changes.<br>If these changes do not have serious<br>consequences/risks, they would probably<br>benefit from your support as they develop into<br>who they will be. On the other hand, if they are<br>concerning you, please give us a call. We can<br>discuss the concerns you have, make plans to<br>help you assist your student, follow up with<br>them directly, and provide services as needed.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 318660, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='35' style='font-size:20px'>Things to consider</h1>\n<h1 id='36' style='font-size:18px'>We encourage students and parents to:</h1>\n<br><h1 id='37' style='font-size:14px'>Schedule their vaccination early, as soon as possible</h1>\n<br><h1 id='38' style='font-size:14px'>Consider the timing for both their first and second doses<br>when scheduling their vaccinations</h1>\n<h1 id='39' style='font-size:14px'>Sign up for slots during weekends, if they are able to</h1>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If students are scheduled for vaccination<br>during school curriculum time, schools and<br>IHLs will provide time-off for them to do so.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='41' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1606,899); bottom-right:(2400,1933)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3376108, "type": "text", "content": "#\n(cid:52)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:58)(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:86)(cid:82)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:3)(cid:78)(cid:81)(cid:82)(cid:90)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:70)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:34)\n\n\n \n\nA. If you are thinking about harming yourself or having thoughts of suicide, \nor if you know someone who is, seek help right away.\n\n\n \n\nCall your doctor or mental health care provider.\n\n\n \n\nCall 911 or go to a hospital emergency room to get immediate help, \nor ask a friend or family member to help you do these things.\n\n\n \n\nCall your campus suicide or crisis hotline.\n\n\n \n\nCall the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline\u2019s toll-free, 24-hour hotline \nat 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255) or TTY: 1-800-799-4TTY \n(1-800-799-4889) to talk to a trained counselor.\n\n\n \n\nCall your college counseling center or student health services.\n\n\n \n\nIf you are in crisis, make sure you are not left alone.\n\n\n \n\nIf someone else is in crisis, make sure he or she is not left alone.\n\n\n \n\n(cid:52)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:43)(cid:82)(cid:90)(cid:3)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:3)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:83)(cid:3)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:88)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:75)(cid:82)(cid:3) \n(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:83)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:86)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:34)\n\n\n \n\n# A.\n\n\n \n\nThe National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) sponsors research on the \ncauses, diagnosis, and treatment of depression, including studies focused \non adolescents and young adults. NIMH is sponsoring research on the \neffectiveness of mental health programs for college students. NIMH is \nalso funding research on new strategies to help students adjust to college \nlife and to reduce suicidal thinking and behavior.\n\n\n \n\n6\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:38)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:86)\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Eisenberg D, Golberstein E, Gollust SE. Help-seeking and access to mental \nhealth care in a university student population. Medical Care. 2007; \n45(7):594\u2013601.\n\n\n \n\n2\\. American College Health Association. American College Health Association- \nNational College Health Assessment II: Reference Group Executive Summary \nFall 2009. Linthicum, MD: American College Health Association; 2009.\n\n\n \n\n3\\. Eisenberg D, Gollust SE, Golberstein E, Hefner JL. Prevalence and \ncorrelates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among university \nstudents. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 2007; 77(4):534\u2013542.\n\n\n \n\n4\\. Cranford JA, Eisenberg D, Serras AM. Substance use behaviors, mental \nhealth problems, and use of mental health services in a probability \nsample of college students. Addictive Behaviors. 2009; 34:134\u2013145.\n\n\n \n\n5\\. Weitzman ER. Poor mental health, depression, and associations with \nalcohol consumption, harm, and abuse in a national sample of young \nadults in college. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2004; \n192(4):269\u2013277.\n\n\n \n\n6\\. Garlow SJ, Rosenberg J, Moore JD, Haas AP, Koestner B, Hendin H, \nNemeroff CB. Depression, desperation, and suicidal ideation in college \nstudents: results from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention \nCollege Screening Project at Emory University. Depression and Anxiety. \n2008; 25:482\u2013488.\n\n\n \n\n7\\. National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2009: With \nSpecial Feature on Medical Technology. Hyattsville, MD. 2010.\n\n\n \n\n8\\. Mowbray CT, Megivern D, Mandiberg JM, Strauss S, Stein CH, Collins K, \nKopels S, Curlin C, Lett R. Campus mental health services: \nrecommendations for change. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 2006; \n76(2):226\u2013237.\n\n\n \n\n9\\. Hefner J, Eisenberg D. Social support and mental health among college \nstudents. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 2009; 79(4):491\u2013499.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3439376, "type": "text", "content": "objectives, a specific time frame for completing the plan, and potential\noutcomes. The plan will be \nsigned by the Program Director or designee and the student. Follow up meetings\nwill occur with the \nstudent, key program faculty, and the Program Director. Program faculty and\nProgram Directors \nshould use reasonable judgment in documenting academic and non-academic\nstudent issues, \nincluding remediation plans, progress reports, and supervision meetings.\nWritten documentation is \nrequired if a student receives a warning, is placed on probation, or is\ndismissed from the program.\n\n\nACADEMIC AND NON-ACADEMIC GRIEVANCE AND APPEAL PROCEDURES\n\n\n \n\nStudents in the School of Health Professions have the right to due process\ninvolving grievances and \nappeals:\n\n\nThe student should discuss the grievance with his or her Program Director. If\nthe grievance is not \nresolved, a student may file a written appeal to the Dean of the School of\nHealth Professions within \nseven days of the student\u2019s notification of the Program Director\u2019s decision.\nUpon receipt of the \nappeal, the Dean will notify the Registrar accordingly. The Dean or a designee\nwill review all \npertinent material and meet with the student. The Dean may convene a\nGrievance/Appeals \nCommittee composed of Program Directors, faculty, students, and/or chairs of\ndepartments not \ndirectly involved in the grievance. All testimony, evidence, and witnesses\nrelevant to the appeal shall \nbe made available to this committee. The student has the right to appear\nbefore the committee, \npresent testimony and such witnesses or evidence as is deemed relevant by the\ncommittee. The \nstudent shall not have the right to be represented by counsel at these\ncommittee meetings. The \nCommittee will submit its recommendations to the Dean after the review is\ncompleted.\n\n\nThe Dean will notify the student within ten days of his/her decision. The\ndecision may include \nreinstatement, retention, probation, termination, suspension, special academic\nassignments, or \nother interventions deemed appropriate to the situation. The judgment of the\nDean concerning the \ngrievance shall be final and binding on all parties, with the exception of\nrecommending the \ntermination of a student\u2019s participation in an academic program.\n\n\nIn the case of termination from an academic program, the student may file a\nwritten appeal to the \nEVMS President/Provost within five days of the student\u2019s notification from the\nDean of the School of \nHealth Professions. The President/Provost will review all pertinent material\nand notify the student \nwithin ten days of receipt of the appeal of his/her decision. The decision of\nthe President/Provost is \nfinal.\n\n\n# STUDENT COMPLAINTS PROCESS\n\n\n \n\nThe student complaints process may be found on the EVMS website here.\n\n\n1\\. Academic or Non-Academic Grievances\n\n\nStudents who desire to file academic or non-academic grievances related to\ntheir program must \nfollow the grievance procedures outlined in the applicable Doctor of Medicine\nor Health Professions \nStudent Handbooks.\n\n\n2\\. Compliance Complaints\n\n\nEVMS has a Compliance Program whereby all members of the EVMS community\n(students, faculty, \nstaff, visitors, Board members, etc.) may report ethics and compliance\nconcerns such as violation of \nlaws, regulations, EVMS policies, discrimination or harassment, and student or\nemployee \nmistreatment. The Compliance Program is administered by the EVMS Office of\nInstitutional\n\n\n9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1638455, "type": "text", "content": "Student Services | 49\n\n\nsingle-student housing (Lavaca Hall, Red River or Village Oaks \nApartments) are required to be vaccinated for Bacterial Menin- \ngitis at least 10 days prior to move in and provide appropriate \ndocumentation For more information on bacterial meningitis, \ncontact your health care provider, the TSTC Health Services, the \nlocal or regional Texas Department of Health Office, or www. \ncdxc.gov/ncidod/dmbd.diseaseinfo.\n\n\n# High Risk Potential Programs\n\n\n \n\nInstructional programs that involve activities, use of po- \ntentially dangerous tools or equipment, or subject students \nto conditions that present a potential for accident or injury \nto themselves or others. The following departments have \nbeen designated as \u201cHigh Risk Potential\u201d programs: Air \nPilot Training, Air Traffic Control, Aircraft Dispatch Technol- \nogy, Aviation Maintenance Technology, Avionics Technology, \nElectrical Power Line Technician, and Pharmacy Technician.\n\n\n# Student Health Insurance\n\n\n \n\nStudents are required to adhere to stringent safety precau- \ntions and to make provisions for the cost of medical treat- \nment in the event of an accident or emergency illness. Stu- \ndents in allied health programs are required to show proof \nof health insurance. Other students are required to:\n\n\n1\\. show proof of having health insurance coverage; or \n2\\. be personally responsible for expenses incurred in \nreceiving medical treatment.\n\n\nStudents are responsible for expenses not covered by insur- \nance. Contact Health Services.\n\n\nNote: Some TSTC programs require student medical health \nand accident insurance. Contact the program advisory for \nmore information.\n\n\n# Disability Support Services\n\n\n \n\nThe Access & Learning Accommodations Office serves the \nneeds of students with disabilities by assisting and rec- \nommending reasonable accommodations. Students with \ncertified disabilities, identified by the Americans with Dis- \nabilities Act of 1990 are eligible to receive reasonable ac- \ncommodation according to the limitation of the individual's \ndisability. Each student, after providing appropriate docu- \nmentation of their disability and/or their prescription for \nauxiliary aids, is considered individually to determine suit- \nable and reasonable accommodations. Some of the types of \naccommodations which may be considered include: extend- \ned test time, alternate testing sites, sign language interpret- \ners, note takers, and the use of special adaptive equipment.\n\n\nStudents with bona fide disabilities are encouraged to con- \ntact the Access & Learning Accommodations Office early \nto allow sufficient time for processing accommodation re-\n\n\n \n\nquests. Access & Learning Accommodations collaborates \nwith both college personnel and students with disabilities \nand facilitates appropriate accommodations to assist in the \nstudent\u2019s academic endeavors.\n\n\n# Student Transportation\n\n\n \n\nTSTC has an open parking system. Students and visitors are \nnot required to register their vehicles for parking. However, \nparking in reserved spots for faculty and staff will result in a \nparking citation. Citations may be appealed with the Student \nGovernment Association or the TSTC Police Department.\n\n\n# Campus Security\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A student showing dependency on their professor also has issues getting their MMR vaccines on time due to missed health appointments. Considering their insurance, how should they plan and structure their health and academic resources to improve their health compliance and educational independence?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 838, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3270329, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='39' style='font-size:20px'>DOMESTIC HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATION SYSTEMS<br>NEMBUS 210 Series</header>\n<h1 id='40' style='font-size:16px'>NEMBUS SPECIFIC ACCESSORIES</h1>\n<figure><img id='41' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(53,203); bottom-right:(224,367)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SPCM<br>Communications<br>module.</p>\n<figure><img id='43' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(54,402); bottom-right:(227,571)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NEMBUS-VOC<br>VOC probe can be<br>integrated into the<br>unit. Plug&Play.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='45' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(427,201); bottom-right:(595,368)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NEMBUS F<br>Filter replacement<br>sets G4/G4 and<br>G4/F7.</p>\n<figure><img id='47' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(425,401); bottom-right:(606,574)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='48' style='font-size:16px'>ASSEMBLY ACCESSORIES</h1>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>SABIK-NEMBUS-SF<br>Constant flow<br>module that can be<br>integrated into the<br>unit. Plug&Play.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='50' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(806,200); bottom-right:(971,365)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NEMBUS-PH<br>Preheating coils<br>can be integrated<br>into the equipment.<br>Plug&Play.</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>BARJ<br>BARP<br>Auto-adjustable<br>suction inlets.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='53' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(56,669); bottom-right:(225,837)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='54' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(73,886); bottom-right:(200,1022)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>BDOP<br>Supply and<br>extraction inlets.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='56' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(434,672); bottom-right:(593,836)\" /></figure>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RD BP<br>Auto-adjustable<br>low-pressure flow<br>regulators. (20-<br>100 PA) To be installed<br>inside the duct.<br>80mm diameter.<br>Flow rate: 15 or<br>30 m3/h.</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RDR<br>Auto-adjustable flow<br>regulators. To be<br>installed inside the<br>duct.</p>\n<figure><img id='59' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(436,873); bottom-right:(588,1028)\" /></figure>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ADRF 100/80<br>Reducer to connect<br>rigid different<br>diameter ducts.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='61' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(55,1074); bottom-right:(224,1241)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RD BP SM</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Auto-adjustable flow<br>regulators.<br>To be installed inside<br>the cuff of the BDOP<br>nozzles. 80mm<br>diameter.<br>Flow rate: 15 or<br>30 m3/h.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='64' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(809,668); bottom-right:(976,832)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='65' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(449,1076); bottom-right:(595,1241)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='66' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(55,1277); bottom-right:(228,1446)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>TUBREC<br>Rectangular ducts<br>in flame-retardant<br>plastic.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='68' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(808,869); bottom-right:(972,1027)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CT<br>Roof covers.</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>TUBCIR<br>Circular ducts in<br>flame-retardant<br>plastic.</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>GPR-ISO<br>Rigid insulated ducts.</p>\n<figure><img id='72' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(430,1275); bottom-right:(599,1445)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='73' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(57,1485); bottom-right:(227,1650)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>LAF<br>Flexible acoustic<br>connection.<br>Length: 0.5 and<br>1m models.</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>FLEXIREC<br>Semi-flexible oblong<br>ducts.</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>FLEXICIR<br>Circular oblong<br>ducts.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='77' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(807,1072); bottom-right:(974,1240)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='78' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(431,1485); bottom-right:(591,1647)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>GP<br>GPX<br>GP-PRO<br>GP-ISO<br>PVC ducts.</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PLENUM UNI EXT 6+1<br>Isolated delivery<br>plenum with outlet<br>\u00d8 125/150-160 mm,<br>1 kitchen \u00d8 125 mm<br>outlet and up to<br>a maximum of<br>6 bathroom \u00d8 80 mm<br>outlets.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='81' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(807,1277); bottom-right:(977,1448)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>LA<br>Acoustic connection.</p>\n<figure><img id='83' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(809,1484); bottom-right:(976,1651)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PLENUM UNI IMP 8</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Isolated delivery<br>plenum with suction<br>\u00d8 125/150-160 mm,<br>and up to a maximum<br>of 8 outlets for<br>dry areas (dining<br>room, living room,<br>bedrooms)<br>\u00d8 80 mm.</p>\n<footer id='86' style='font-size:14px'>Heat recovery ventilation systems NEMBUS 210</footer>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>www.solerpalau.com</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2771334, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='101' style='font-size:22px'>Maintenance</header>\n<p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>WARNING<br>THE FAN AND ANCILLARY CONTROL EQUIPMENT MUST BE ISOLATED FROM THE POWER SUPPLY<br>DURING MAINTENANCE.</p>\n<h1 id='103' style='font-size:20px'>Maintenance</h1>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Heat recovery units require regular maintenance. The HR500 and HR500X has been designed to facilitate access to enable<br>maintenance to be carried out easily. The actions below should be carried out at least every 6-months as conditions dictate.</p>\n<table id='105' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Item</td><td>Action</td></tr><tr><td>Unit & Heat Exchanger Cell</td><td>Inspect and clean the unit 1. Isolate the mains power supply. 2. Remove front cover from the unit. 3. Slide out the heat exchanger. 4. Wash the outer cover and heat exchanger in warm water using a mild detergent (such as Milton Fluid) and dry thoroughly. NOTE: Keep water away from all electrical components and wiring within the unit.</td></tr><tr><td>Motors</td><td>Inspect the motors for build-up of dust and dirt on the impeller blades, which could cause imbalance and increased noise levels. Vacuum or clean if necessary.</td></tr><tr><td>Fastenings</td><td>Check that all unit and wall-mount fastenings are sufficiently tight and have not become loose. Re-tighten if necessary.</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The unit is supplied with four, 6-month Timestrip indicators. A Timestrip is a single use self-adhesive label that once activated will turn<br>red over 6 months. It should be used to keep track of when the filter and cell need cleaning/replacement. Using the self-adhesive<br>backing the strip can stuck near the units controls, or in a easily visible place.</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A normal cleaning schedule for a unit would be as follows:</p>\n<br><table id='108' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>After installation</td><td>Activate the 1st Timestrip</td></tr><tr><td>After 6 months</td><td>Clean cell, clean filter, activate 2nd Timestrip</td></tr><tr><td>After 12 months</td><td>Clean cell, clean filter, activate 3rd Timestrip</td></tr><tr><td>After 18 months</td><td>Clean cell, clean filter, activate 4th Timestrip</td></tr><tr><td>After 24 months</td><td>Clean cell, replace filters, the new filters will be supplied with 4 additional Timestrip indicators</td></tr></table>\n<p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Note: The above is the minimum requirement; more frequent cleaning intervals may be needed depending on the environment the unit<br>is installed in.</p>\n<p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Activating the Timestrip.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='111' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(351,1212); bottom-right:(1079,1452)\" /></figure>\n<p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1. Activation: Fully squeeze the activation button between thumb and finger. A red line will appear within 1-2 minutes to show that the<br>Timestrip has been activated.</p>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2. Peel off the backing liner and stick the Timestrip to the Unit or near the controls of the unit. The location should make it obvious to the<br>person responsible for maintenance that the unit needs attention.</p>\n<footer id='114' style='font-size:14px'>HR500 and HR500X Installation & Wiring Instructions</footer>\n<br><footer id='115' style='font-size:18px'>10</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 594540, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='29' style='font-size:20px'>ARBOR COMPACT SERIES INSTALLATION MANUAL</header>\n<h1 id='30' style='font-size:22px'>Startup and Troubleshooting Form</h1>\n<table id='31' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Company Name:</td><td colspan=\"2\">_________________________________</td></tr><tr><td>Technician Name:</td><td>________________________________</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Model No:</td><td>______________________________________</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Owner\u2019s Name:</td><td>__________________________________</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Installation Address:</td><td>______________________________</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Check One<br>\u2751 Start up/Check-out for new installation \u2751 Troubleshooting</p>\n<br><table id='33' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Company Phone No:</td><td colspan=\"2\">______________________________</td></tr><tr><td>Date: __________________________________________</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Serial No:_______________________________________</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Open or Closed Loop:</td><td>_____________________________</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Installation Date:</td><td>_________________________________</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:20px'>Problem:___________________________________</h1>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>1. FLOW RATE IN GPM (COAXIAL HEAT EXCHANGER)</p>\n<br><table id='36' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Water In Pressure:</td><td>a.______</td><td>PSI</td></tr><tr><td>Water Out Pressure:</td><td>b.______</td><td>PSI</td></tr><tr><td>Pressure Drop = a - b</td><td>c.______</td><td>PSI</td></tr><tr><td>Convert Pressure Drop to Flow Rate (refer to Pressure Drop table)</td><td>d.______</td><td>GPM</td></tr></table>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2. TEMPERATURE RISE OR DROP ACROSS COAXIAL HEAT EXCHANGER</p>\n<br><table id='38' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">COOLING</td><td colspan=\"2\">HEATING</td></tr><tr><td>Water In Temperature:</td><td>e.______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>e.______</td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Water Out Temperature:</td><td>f. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>f. ______</td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Temperature Difference:</td><td>g.______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>g.______</td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>3. TEMPERATURE RISE OR DROP ACROSS AIR COIL</p>\n<br><table id='40' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>COOLING</td><td>HEATING</td></tr><tr><td>Air In Temperature:</td><td>h.______ \u00b0F</td><td>h.______ \u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Air Out Temperature:</td><td>i. ______ \u00b0F</td><td>i. ______ \u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Temperature Difference:</td><td>j. ______ \u00b0F</td><td>j. ______ \u00b0F</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>4. HEAT OF REJECTION (HR) / HEAT OF EXTRACTION (HE) CALCULATION</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>HR or HE = Flow Rate x Temperature Difference x Brine Factor*<br>d. (above) x g. (above) x 485 for Methanol or Environol, 500 for water*<br>Heat of Extraction (Heating Mode) = btu/hr<br>Heat of Rejection (Cooling Mode) = btu/hr<br>Compare results to Capacity Data Tables</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Note: Steps 5 through 8 need only be completed if a problem is suspected</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>5. WATTS</p>\n<br><table id='45' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">COOLING</td><td colspan=\"2\">HEATING</td></tr><tr><td>Volts:</td><td>m._____</td><td>VOLTS</td><td>m.______</td><td>VOLTS</td></tr><tr><td>Total Amps (Comp. + Fan):</td><td>n. _____</td><td>AMPS</td><td>n. ______</td><td>AMPS</td></tr><tr><td>Watts = m. x n. x 0.85</td><td>o. _____</td><td>WATTS</td><td>o. ______</td><td>WATTS</td></tr></table>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>6.</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>CAPACITY<br>Cooling Capacity = HR. - (o. x 3.413)<br>Heating Capacity= HE. + (o. x 3.413)</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>p. _____ btu/hr</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>7. EFFICIENCY</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>p. _____ btu/hr</p>\n<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Cooling EER = p. / o. q. _____ EER</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Heating COP = p. / (o. x 3.413) q. _____ COP</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>8. SUPERHEAT (S.H.) / SUBCOOLING (S.C.)</p>\n<br><table id='54' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">COOLING</td><td colspan=\"3\">HEATING</td></tr><tr><td>Suction Pressure:</td><td>r.</td><td>______</td><td>PSI</td><td>r. ______</td><td></td><td>PSI</td></tr><tr><td>Suction Saturation Temperature:</td><td>s.</td><td>______</td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>s. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Suction Line Temperature:</td><td>t. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>t. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Superheat = t. - s.</td><td>u. _____</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>u. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Head Pressure:</td><td>v.</td><td>______</td><td>PSI</td><td>v. ______</td><td></td><td>PSI</td></tr><tr><td>High Pressure Saturation Temp.:</td><td>w. _____</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>w. _____</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Liquid Line Temperature*:</td><td>x. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>x. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr><tr><td>Subcooling = w. - x.</td><td>y.</td><td>______</td><td>\u00b0F</td><td>y. ______</td><td></td><td>\u00b0F</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>* Note: Liquid line is between the coaxial heat exchanger and the expansion valve in the cooling mode;<br>between the air coil and the expansion valve in the heating mode.</p>\n<footer id='56' style='font-size:18px'>43</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2200885, "type": "text", "content": "# DECENTRALIZED VENTILATION WITH HEAT RECOVERY \nPULSE Series\n\n\n# TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS\n\n\n \n\nIt is essential to check that the electrical characteristics (voltage,\ncurrent, frequency, etc.) of the motor which appear on the motor plaque are\ncompatible with those of the \ninstallation.\n\n\n# DIMENSIONS (mm)\n\n\n# ACCESSORIES\n\n\n \n\nPULSE FILTER SET \nFilter kit.\n\n\n \n\nPULSE CONTROL PRO \nControl unit.\n\n\nHeat recovery PULSE\n\n\n \nwww.solerpalau.com\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1869632, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Maintenance & Accessories</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>TWI from 31-03-\u201909 until 30-04-\u201919</h1>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:20px'>TWI parts</h1>\n<br><table id='3' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>No.</td><td>description</td><td>date</td><td>35-130</td><td>45-190</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>Thermostat sensor/ECO</td><td></td><td>6905055(S)</td><td>6905055(S)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Air pressure switch 700 PA</td><td></td><td>3210679(S)</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Air pressure switch 370 PA</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>3210680(S)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Air pressure switch 400 PA</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>0309343(S)</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Fan MVL RG148</td><td></td><td>6903771(S)</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Fan Ametek 150130-06</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>6903773(S)</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Burner</td><td></td><td>6903780(S)</td><td>6903780(S)</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>Kit Blower & Burner gasket</td><td></td><td>100093711(S)</td><td>100093711(S)</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>Glow Igniter / Hot Surface Igniter</td><td></td><td>6903768(S)</td><td>6903768(S)</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>Gas control</td><td></td><td>6903775(S)</td><td>6903775(S)</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>Red LED</td><td></td><td>6907307(S)</td><td>6907307(S)</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>Yellow LED</td><td></td><td>6907306(S)</td><td>6907306(S)</td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>Green LED</td><td></td><td>6907305(S)</td><td>6907305(S)</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>Thermostat board</td><td></td><td>6903777(S)</td><td>6903777(S)</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>Burner control (1018-528)</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>3210536(S)</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>Burner control (1018-526)</td><td></td><td>3210457(S)</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>Transformer 120V-24V</td><td></td><td>6907302(S)</td><td>6907302(S)</td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>Drain valve</td><td></td><td>6907316(S)</td><td>6907316(S)</td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>Potentiowither</td><td></td><td>6905050(S)</td><td>6905050(S)</td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>Fan insulation relais</td><td></td><td>4210293(S)</td><td>4210293(S)</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>Fuse holder</td><td></td><td>4210243(S)</td><td>4210243(S)</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>Fuse slow blow 2.5A</td><td></td><td>4210244(S)</td><td>4210244(S)</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>Transformer 230V-120V</td><td></td><td>4210300(S)</td><td>4210300(S)</td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>Air supply hose</td><td></td><td>6903783(S)</td><td>6903783(S)</td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>Air inlet hose</td><td></td><td>0308233(S)</td><td>0308233(S)</td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>Cold water supply</td><td></td><td>6903778(S)</td><td>6903778(S)</td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>Air Inlet Filter</td><td></td><td>3710169(S)</td><td>3710169(S)</td></tr></table>\n<br><figure><img id='4' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(43,201); bottom-right:(113,383)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:20px'>TWI accessories</h1>\n<table id='6' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>description</td><td>date</td><td>35-130</td><td>45-190</td></tr><tr><td>Gas cock \u00be\u201d</td><td></td><td>0300719(S)</td><td>0300719(S)</td></tr><tr><td>Protected cold supply setup G1\u201d</td><td></td><td>0070066003(S)</td><td>0070066003(S)</td></tr><tr><td>T&P valve</td><td></td><td>0306755(S)</td><td>0306755(S)</td></tr><tr><td>Flow restrictor build in \u00be\u201d - 12 l/min</td><td></td><td>0309730(S)</td><td>0309730(S)</td></tr><tr><td>Flow restrictor build in \u00be\u201d - 10l/min</td><td></td><td>0309731(S)</td><td>0309731(S)</td></tr><tr><td>Flow restrictor build in \u00be\u201d - 8 l/min</td><td></td><td>0309732(S)</td><td>0309732(S)</td></tr><tr><td>Flow restrictor build in \u00be\u201d - 6 l/min</td><td></td><td>0309733(S)</td><td>0309733(S)</td></tr><tr><td>Expansion Valve</td><td></td><td>0305712(S)</td><td>0305712(S)</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='7' style='font-size:14px'>Parts that are marked yellow<br>are parts that are used for maintenance.</footer>\n<br><footer id='8' style='font-size:16px'>Please check the serial number to determine the production date:<br>172406210302002<br>year week</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 100067, "type": "text", "content": "# 1\\. Included Accessories\n\n\n \n\nThe following accessories are included with the unit. \nCheck for any missing items before starting installation.\n\n\n \n\n# 2\\. Optional Accessories\n\n\n \n\nThe accessories listed below are not \nincluded with the units, but may be necessary \nfor installation.\n\n\n \n\n* Isolation valves are necessary for flushing the Heat Exchanger. \nThey allow for easy flushing of the system.\n\n\n2\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 210147, "type": "text", "content": "# CONFIGURABLE CROSS-FLOW HEAT RECOVERY UNITS \nENERGY-BOX HE\n\n\n# ACCESSORIES TABLE\n\n\n \n\nFor more information see \u201cHeat recovery accessories\u201d and/or \u201cMounting\naccessories\u201d. \nMounting accessories supplied with a finish of galvanized sheet without\npainting.\n\n\n# ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES\n\n\n \n\nRequired control elements for regulating the fan speed.\n\n\n \n\nFor more information see \u201cHeat recovery accessories\u201d and/or \u201cElectrical\naccessories\u201d.\n\n\nwww.solerpalau.com\n\n\n \nHeat recovery units ENERGY BOX 67\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2771325, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>HR500 & HR500X</p>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>W all Mounting<br>Heat Recovery Ventilation Units</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>Installation and Wiring Instructions</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='3' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(856,0); bottom-right:(1339,628)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>Stock Ref. N\u00b0</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='5' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(328,635); bottom-right:(845,1072)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>14101010B - HR500<br>(without shutter)<br>14101070 - HR500X<br>(with shutter)</p>\n<footer id='7' style='font-size:14px'>PLEASE RETAIN THESE INSTRUCTIONS WITH THE PRODUCT. Vent-Axia<br>Copyright \u00a9 2009</footer>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Limited. All rights</p>\n<br><footer id='9' style='font-size:14px'>reserved.</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 594538, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='7' style='font-size:16px'>ARBOR COMPACT SERIES INSTALLATION MANUAL</header>\n<h1 id='8' style='font-size:22px'>Troubleshooting</h1>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Should a major problem develop, refer to the following information for possible causes and corrective steps.<br>If compressor won\u2019t run:</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. The fuse may be open or the circuit breaker is tripped. Check electrical circuits and motor windings for shorts or grounds. Investigate<br>for possible overloading. Replace fuse or reset circuit breakers after fault is corrected.<br>2. Supply voltage may be too low. Check it with a volt meter.<br>3. Control system may be faulty. Check control for correct wiring of thermostat or aquastat and check the 24 volt transformer for<br>proper voltage.<br>4. Wires may be loose or broken. Replace or tighten.<br>5. The low pressure switch may have tripped due to one or more of the following:</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>a) Heating</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1) Plugged heat exchanger on source side<br>2) Water flow source side - (Low)<br>3) Water too cold source side<br>4) Low refrigerant</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>b) Cooling</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1) Plugged heat exchanger on load side<br>2) Water flow load side - (Low)<br>3) Water too cold load side<br>4) Low refrigerant</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>6. The high pressure switch may have tripped due to one or more of the following:</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>a) Heating</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1) Plugged heat exchanger on load side<br>2) Low water flow load side<br>3) Water too warm load side</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>b) Cooling</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1) Plugged heat exchanger on source side<br>2) Low water flow on source side<br>3) Water too warm source side</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>7. The compressor overload protection may be open.<br>8. The internal winding of the compressor motor may be grounded to the compressor shell. If so, replace the compressor.<br>9. The compressor winding may be open or shorted. Disconnect power. Check continuity with ohm meter. If the winding is open, replace<br>the compressor.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If sufficient cooling or heating is not obtained:</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Check control for improper location or setting.<br>2. Check for restriction in water flow.<br>3. Check refrigerant subcooling and superheat for proper refrigerant charge and expansion valve operation.<br>4. The reversing valve may be defective and creating a bypass of refrigerant. If the unit will not heat, check the reversing valve coil.</p>\n<h1 id='23' style='font-size:18px'>If the unit operation is noisy:</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Check compressor for loosened mounting bolts. Make sure compressor is floating free on its isolator mounts. Check for tubing contact<br>with the compressor or other surfaces. Readjust it by bending slightly.<br>2. Check screws on all panels.<br>3. Check for chattering or humming in the contactor or relays due to low voltage or a defective holding coil. Replace the component.<br>4. Check for proper installation of vibration absorbing material under the unit.<br>5. Check for abnormally high discharge pressures.<br>6. Compressor rotation incorrect</p>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:20px'>Refrigerant Systems</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2951051, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='103' style='font-size:22px'>Heat pump<br>accessories</h1>\n<h1 id='104' style='font-size:20px'>Perfectly matched</h1>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Dimplex heat pumps offer a variety of services \u2013 providing the home with comfortable warmth<br>is only one of them. It can also provide all the hot water needed for the kitchen and bathroom.</p>\n<p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Dimplex provides all the components<br>needed for these applications, including<br>buffer tanks, EC-Eau unvented hot water<br>cylinders, hydraulic accessories and<br>SmartRad fan convectors, ensuring<br>the components are optimally matched<br>to ensure maximum system ef\ufb01 ciency.</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A range of ancillary products designed<br>to simplify heating system and ground<br>collector connections are also available,<br>ensuring installation is as compact and<br>simple as possible.</p>\n<p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>1 Buffer Tank</p>\n<p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2</p>\n<br><h1 id='110' style='font-size:18px'>Heating/DHW System Connection</h1>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>3 EC-Eau Unvented<br>Hot Water Cylinder</p>\n<h1 id='112' style='font-size:18px'>4 WPM Heat Pump Manager</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='113' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"2\n3\n4\n1\" data-coord=\"top-left:(441,509); bottom-right:(1149,1045)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='114' style='font-size:20px'>Buffer tanks</h1>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Connection of a buffer tank ensures<br>minimum compressor run times<br>and minimum water flow rates<br>through the heat pump to maintain<br>optimum ef\ufb01 ciency. A buffer is essential<br>for air source heat pumps as it provides<br>the energy for defrosting.</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Where the heat pump provides the sole<br>source of heating, an electric immersion<br>element can also be integrated to provide<br>supplementary heating if required.</p>\n<table id='117' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Model</td><td>Capacity (litres)</td><td>Dimensions (mm)</td><td>For use with</td></tr><tr><td>PSW100</td><td>100</td><td>\u00d8512x850</td><td>Heat pumps up to 12kW</td></tr><tr><td>PSP100E</td><td>100</td><td>740x740x240</td><td>SI ME & SIK ME models</td></tr><tr><td>PSW200</td><td>200</td><td>\u00d8600x1300</td><td>Heat pumps up to 30kW</td></tr><tr><td>PSW500</td><td>500</td><td>\u00d8700x1950</td><td>All heat pumps</td></tr><tr><td>PSW1000</td><td>1000</td><td>\u00d8790x1970</td><td>All heat pumps</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Note: a suitably sized immersion element must be ordered separately</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>36</p>\n<p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>MW RG, MR, PC</p>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>XGDC247 Heat Pump brochure update 4 01/06/2012 A4 P</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>DESIGNER Org A/W A/W AMENDS</p>\n<br><p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>JOB NUMBER TITLE PG VERSION DATE Size at 100%</p>\n<p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C: DATE:</p>\n<br><figure><img id='125' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(839,1133); bottom-right:(1153,1641)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering the provided website might be down, how would you sequentially gather all necessary accessory information to ensure each heat recovery unit has the correct components for installation, and ensure any accessory-specific troubleshooting is covered?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 840, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2564125, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='27' style='font-size:18px'>Agenda Page 41</h1>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:14px'>Ministry of Education</h1>\n<br><h1 id='29' style='font-size:20px'>APPENDIX F</h1>\n<br><h1 id='30' style='font-size:22px'>School Year Calendar 2021 - 2022</h1>\n<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Statutory</p>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Scheduled Professional Half</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Examination Day Activity Day Day</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Legend \uf084 H - Holiday E - P - B -</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Board<br>Designated<br>Holiday</p>\n<br><h1 id='36' style='font-size:22px'>Secondary - Semestered</h1>\n<br><table id='37' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td colspan=\"32\">Schedule</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Month</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Number of Instructional Days</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Number of Professional Activity Days</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Number of Scheduled Examination Days</td><td></td><td colspan=\"5\">1st Week</td><td colspan=\"6\">2nd Week</td><td colspan=\"6\">3rd Week</td><td colspan=\"5\">4th Week</td><td colspan=\"5\">5th Week</td></tr><tr><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>T</td><td></td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td></td><td>W</td><td>T</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>T</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td></td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>T</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td></td><td>T</td><td>F</td></tr><tr><td>August 2021</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2 H</td><td>3</td><td>4 5</td><td></td><td>6</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td></td><td>11</td><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>23</td><td></td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td>27</td><td>30</td><td>31</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>September 2021</td><td>19</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2 X</td><td>X</td><td>3 P</td><td>6 H</td><td>7 P</td><td></td><td>8 P</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td></td><td>22 23</td><td></td><td>24</td><td>27</td><td>28</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>October 2021</td><td>20</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td></td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>11 H</td><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>18</td><td></td><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td>27</td><td>28</td><td></td><td>29</td></tr><tr><td>November 2021</td><td>22</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>8</td><td></td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>12</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>19 P</td><td>22</td><td></td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>December 2021</td><td>13</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>6</td><td></td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td></td><td>16 17</td><td>B</td><td>20</td><td>21 B</td><td>22 B</td><td>23 B</td><td>24 B</td><td></td><td>27 28 H H</td><td>29 B</td><td>30 B</td><td></td><td>31 H</td></tr><tr><td>January 2022</td><td>21</td><td></td><td>4</td><td></td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>10</td><td></td><td>11</td><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>19</td><td>20</td><td></td><td>21</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>26 E</td><td>27 E</td><td>28</td><td>E</td><td>31 E</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>February 2022</td><td>19</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td></td><td>1 E Note:</td><td></td><td>2 P</td><td>3 S2</td><td>4</td><td>7</td><td></td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td></td><td>17</td><td>18 P</td><td>21 H</td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td></td><td>28</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>March 2022</td><td>18</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>7</td><td></td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>14 B</td><td>15 B</td><td>16 B</td><td></td><td>17 B</td><td>18 B</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td></td><td>25</td><td>28 29</td><td>30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>April 2022</td><td>19</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>4</td><td></td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>11</td><td></td><td>12 13</td><td></td><td>14 H</td><td>15</td><td>18 H</td><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td></td><td>27</td><td>31 28</td><td>29</td></tr><tr><td>May 2022</td><td>21</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>9</td><td></td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>16</td><td></td><td>17 18</td><td></td><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>23 H</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td></td><td>27</td><td>30</td><td>31</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>June 2022</td><td>22</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>6</td><td></td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td></td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>27 E</td><td>28 E</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>July</td><td></td><td>1</td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1 H</td><td>4</td><td></td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>11</td><td></td><td>12 13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>18</td><td></td><td>19</td><td>E 20</td><td>21</td><td>E 22</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td>E 27</td><td>P</td><td>28 29</td></tr><td>2022 TOTAL</td><td>194 The school year respect to 151 may be shall be instructional The boards may</td><td>7</td><td>10 The 2021-2022 calendar provides for 196 possible school days between September 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022. shall include a minimum of 194 school days of which three days must be designated as professional activity days with specific provincial education priorities as outlined in the Policy/Program Memoranda and up to four extra days designated by the board as professional activity days. The remaining school days days. designate up to ten instructional days as examination days</td></table>\n<footer id='38' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a9 Queen's Printer for Ontario, 2017</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1021048, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>University business days in advance of the display being assembled on campus with the<br>SAFE Form.</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(9) All events and activities using University facilities must comply with the<br>following requirements:</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(a) Events may last no more than five days in succession. The same or different<br>organizations may not sponsor the same event in succession in order to extend this<br>maximum limitation.</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(b) No organization may reserve or use University facilities and then permit the<br>facilities to be used by any other person or organization. Reservations are made in the<br>name of a specific organization, which must be present and actively utilizing the space so<br>reserved.</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(c) Events generally are limited to the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Sunday<br>through Thursday and 8:00 a.m. to 12:00 midnight Friday and Saturday. Events outside<br>of these hours must be specifically approved by the University at least fifteen calendar<br>days in advance, so that the University can make custodial and security arrangements.</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(d) Sound amplification, including bullhorns, is not permitted, except as<br>specifically authorized by the official in charge of the specific location where sound<br>amplification is proposed to be used.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(e) Any damage to University or personal property in the course of use of<br>University facilities is prohibited. Care should be taken to ensure that University and<br>personal property is not damaged or destroyed. This includes campus lawns, shrubs and<br>trees. The University will charge the users of University facilities for necessary repairs<br>or replacement.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2163282, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='142' style='font-size:20px'>- 54 -</h1>\n<p id='143' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1 period following the transition from one schedule of work days and days off to another, the<br>2 provisions of \u201cSection III.A\u201c above will not apply, and, for example, the employee may have<br>3 split days off. During the transition period, employees whose schedule change would result<br>4 in the employee working less than his or her scheduled FTE during the pay period, may<br>5 volunteer to work additional hours. Management will attempt to provide additional hours<br>6 provided such additional hours, would not result in overtime pay.</p>\n<br><p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>7</p>\n<br><p id='145' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2. Shift Trading</p>\n<br><p id='146' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>8</p>\n<br><p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Shift trading is defined as trading time, hour for hour, and shall be</p>\n<br><h1 id='148' style='font-size:14px'>9 allowed provided that:</h1>\n<br><p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10</p>\n<br><p id='150' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>a. Exchanges do not conflict with the department\u2019s operational</p>\n<br><h1 id='151' style='font-size:16px'>11 needs;</h1>\n<br><p id='152' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>12 b. Exchanges do not require involuntary scheduling changes on</p>\n<br><h1 id='153' style='font-size:16px'>13 the part of other employees;</h1>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>14</p>\n<br><p id='155' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>c. Exchanges do not make the County liable for overtime pay</p>\n<br><p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>15</p>\n<br><h1 id='157' style='font-size:16px'>under the FLSA.</h1>\n<br><p id='158' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>16 d. Exchanges do not make the County liable for additional shift<br>17 differential pay under Article 14 (Compensation).</p>\n<br><p id='159' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>18</p>\n<br><p id='160' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Department will develop procedures for requesting, approving,<br>and tracking shift trades, subject to approval of the County HR Director.</p>\n<br><p id='161' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>19</p>\n<br><p id='162' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>20</p>\n<br><p id='163' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>3. Involuntary changes</p>\n<br><p id='164' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>21 Changes of work days and days off will be considered involuntary if<br>22 they occur at the discretion of management. In addition to the provisions which apply to<br>23 voluntary changes, the following will apply during the fourteen (14) day transition period:</p>\n<br><p id='165' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>24 a. Employees who are scheduled to work more than five (5) days</p>\n<br><p id='166' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>25 in a row without a day off will be paid at the time-and-a-half (1 \u00bd) rate for all hours worked on<br>26 the sixth (6th) and subsequent days until their next scheduled day off. Days worked<br>27 immediately prior to the transition period will be included in the five (5) day requirement of<br>28 this subsection.</p>\n<br><p id='167' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>29 b. No employee normally scheduled to work forty (40) hours per<br>30 week shall be paid for less than eighty (80) hours in a semimonthly pay period as a result of<br>31 the application of the provisions of this subsection, except that in the second (2nd) pay period<br>32 in February this minimum shall be seventy (70) hours.</p>\n<p id='168' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>ARTICLE 13, WORK SCHEDULES</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2113192, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>in accordance with any Lease Policy that may be adopted in the future.<br>Mandatory lease clauses are shown in Exhibit A.</p>\n<h1 id='50' style='font-size:18px'>E. STANDARD HOURS FOR AERONAUTICAL SERVICE PROVIDERS</h1>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1. The aeronautical service operator shall have their premises open and<br>services available a minimum of eight (8) hours daily, five (5) days a week<br>unless specified otherwise in specific lease agreement language or<br>approved in writing by the Airport Director.<br>2. The operator shall make provisions for someone to be in attendance in the<br>office at all times during the required operating hours. However, some<br>specific aeronautical services may require the operator to provide an on-<br>call response after normal working hours. This requirement will be<br>specified in the applicable airport lease agreement or operator permit.</p>\n<footer id='52' style='font-size:14px'>13</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1506327, "type": "text", "content": "# (9)\n\n\n \n\nfacilities\n\n\n \n\n(b) Displays must be self-supporting and are restricted to a size of eight\nfeet \nby four feet. Screens for projection purposes may be larger. \n(c) Displays must be assembled and dissembled each day. \n(d) Displays must be staffed at all times by the person or organization \nsponsoring the display. \n(e) There is a five-day maximum on displays. \n(f) The same display cannot be sponsored by the same or different \norganizations successively merely to extend the five-day maximum. \n(g) The size and construction of any display must be reviewed and approved \nby a University building code official or safety officer. A sketch drawing \nof the display indicating the size and construction materials must be \nsubmitted with the SAFE Form. \nAll events, activities, and expressive activities and activities using\nUniversity \nmust comply with the following requirements: \n(a) Events may last no more than five days in succession. The same or \ndifferent organizations may not sponsor the same event in succession in \norder to extend this maximum limitation. \n(b) No organization may reserve or make use University facilities and then \npermit the facilities to be used by any other person or organization. Where \na University facility may be reserved, Rreservations are made in the name \nof a specific person or organization, which and that person or organization \nmust be present and actively utilizing the space so reserved. The \nUniversity may shut down an event (or revoke the reservation) if the \nperson or organization reserving the facility is not present and/or not \nactively utilizing the space so reserved. \n(c) Events, activities, and expressive activities generally are limited to the \nhours of 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Sunday through Thursday and 8:00 a.m. \nto 12:00 midnight Friday and Saturday. Events, activities, and expressive \nactivities outside of these hours must be specifically approved by the \nUniversity at least fifteen calendar days in advance, so that the University \ncan make custodial and security arrangements.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 9218, "type": "text", "content": "Ruiz- -Healy Art, S San Antonio, Texas T \ninfo@ @ruizhealyart t.com | 210-80 04-2219\n\n\n# E L La Nave Va\n\n\n \n\ne 9, 2021 \nExhibition opening June \n201-A E Ol lmos Drive, S San Antonio, Texas 78212 \n1 AM - 4 PM and by appoi n tment \nWednesday y-Saturday 11\n\n\nRuiz -Healy Art is delighted to present E La Nave Va at o our San Anton nio\ngallery fe aturing works by Fernando Andrade, \no \ns \nB Nate Cassie, Ana F Fernandez, Le eigh Anne Le ster, C\u00e9sar A . Mart\u00ednez,\nCristina C \nC \nRich ard Armenda ariz, Cecilia Biagini, \ne on view unt til \nW Ju une 9th at 6P M and will be \nMu\u00f1 iz, and Mark Schlesinger. The exhibitio on opens on Wednesday, \nSatur rday, August 14th. Please contact the ga allery at info@ @ruizhealyar\nt.com or 210- -804-2219 for details regar rding our \nc \nr \nopen ning night rece eption.\n\n\nIn Ita alian, the phra ase E la nave va translates literally to \"A And the\nship sails on.\" How wever, it can be understoo d in a more \ns \nphilo osophical cont text to mean that, in spite o of everything g, life goes\non n. Taken from Federico Fel llini's 1983 su urrealist film, \nm \nt \nand the title of Ce ecilia Biagini's recent paint ting, E La Nav ve Va encaps\nulates the stra angeness of th he past month hs as the \ns \nt \nt reach its de enouement. T The exhibition expresses th he collective o over-\nthinking, , \nn \nCOV VID-19 pande mic appears to \nr or worse, ac ccompanies ou ur changeable future as lif fe goes on. E L La\nNave Va \nt for better \ndayd dreaming, and fantasizing that, \ne \nd \nfeatu ures artists of the gallery pr rogram not in ncluded in the previous exh\nhibition Plura ality of Isolati ions, and thre e guest \nartist ts, bringing fa amiliar and ne ew perspectiv ves to the role of art\nduring periods of un ncertainty. \ng \ne\n\n\nF ern nando Andra ade recalls the \"feeling of uneasiness ev very night befo\nfore bed. Stari ing at statistic cs and news in April of \nn \nu \ne \n0 caused deep anxiety, stres ss, and hearta ache.\" The art tist states, \"Du\nuring that tim me, the only ou utlet was my studio. \n2020 \nStayi ing active and focusing on colorful, imp provised abstr ract painting h\nhelped me ch hannel the wo rld around m e as I \nd \nattem mpted to heal my state of mind.\" m\n\n\nT he prints Richar rd Armendar riz made for E La Nave Va are \"direct a and\nindirect re eferences to th he tumultuou us time we are e \na \nE \np \nall liv ving through, , whether it\u2019s the flow of a sylum seeker rs or protests\ni in the streets due to unwar rranted police violence, we e \ne \nt Count Us O ut for exampl le, is \"referen ntial of Baroqu ue ceramics \nare fi inding ways t to express our rselves.\" The work Do Not \n. Flowers, ful ll of significan nce and mean ning, are given at the begin\nnning and at th he end of our r \nand Moche cerem monial vessels. \nn \nM \nlives ... The text ha as a multiplic ity of meanin ngs ranging fr rom the\ncries of protestors in the streets to the last wo ords of \nwisdo om from a lov ved one.\"\n\n\nT he t titular work, E la nave va, by Cecilia B Biagini is \"abo out constructi\nion and the un npredictability of paint to transmit t \ny \nE \nmotio on.\" In her pa ainting, forms build up insi ide other form just to dec\nompose again n, expressing \"the state of the world and d \nms \ns \nt \nthe vision of the fu future.\" Juxtap posed against the painting Full Meaning\ng, the works r represent \"Le arning the ne ed for \nv \nt \nsynth hesis, demater rialization, an nd the continu uous navigatio on of the\npara adox of our ex xistence.\"\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3145828, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='14' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td colspan=\"8\">September -- 2021</td></tr><tr><td>S</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>TH</td><td>F</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>26</td><td>27</td><td>28</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Total</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"8\">December -- 2021</td></tr><tr><td>S</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>TH</td><td>F</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>26</td><td>27</td><td>28</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td>31</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Total</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"8\">March -- 2022</td></tr><tr><td>S</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>TH</td><td>F</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>***7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>12</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>19</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>27</td><td>28</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td>31</td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Total</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"8\">June -- 2022</td></tr><tr><td>S</td><td>M</td><td>T</td><td>W</td><td>TH</td><td>F</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>13</td><td>14</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>17</td><td>18</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>22</td><td>23</td><td>24</td><td>25</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>26</td><td>27</td><td>28</td><td>29</td><td>30</td><td></td><td></td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Total</td><td>0</td></tr></table>\n<table id='15' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>1st semester days</td><td>85</td></tr><tr><td>2nd semester days</td><td>89</td></tr><tr><td>Total Student Attendance Days</td><td>174</td></tr><tr><td>Teacher Institute/Workshop</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Full Day P/T Conferences</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Total Teacher Work Days</td><td>180</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 994215, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='15' style='font-size:18px'>Article 4</header>\n<p id='16' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>worked towards 49 hours when scheduled in a week with a<br>specified holiday. Furthermore, no more than one Optional<br>Holiday will count as time worked towards computing 49 hours<br>worked in a week.<br>E. When scheduled hours are shifted by the Company, the new<br>scheduled time worked on week days within 48 hours after<br>notice of the shift but outside the previously posted schedule<br>shall be paid at the overtime rate except as otherwise provided<br>in \"D\" above.<br>F. Scheduled time worked on week days which falls within 12<br>hours (11 hours for Operating Room Forces) from the<br>scheduled end of the preceding tour shall be paid at the<br>overtime rate except as otherwise provided in \"D\" above.<br>1. An employee's exercise of his/her seniority for the choice<br>of tours or the change of a schedule at the request of any<br>employee does not obligate the Company to pay, under \"F\"<br>above, for time worked at the overtime or double time rate.<br>G. When employees have worked 14 or more hours in the 24 hours<br>immediately preceding the starting time of a scheduled tour on<br>a week day, time worked during such scheduled tour equal to<br>the time worked in excess of 13 hours during the preceding 24<br>hours shall be paid for at the overtime rate except as otherwise<br>provided in \"D\" above.<br>H. When employees have worked on 13 or more consecutive days<br>(scheduled or non-scheduled), they shall be paid beginning with<br>the fourteenth day at the overtime rate or the double time rate,<br>as appropriate, for all scheduled time worked on week days<br>until the employees have been granted a day off.<br>I. Where a scheduled week day is shifted by the Company from a<br>work day to an off-day without 12 hours notice, employees<br>shall be paid on the new off-day for 2 hours at the overtime rate.<br>J. Employees working on a week day falling on December 24 or<br>on December 31 shall be paid at the overtime rate for all time<br>worked after 7:00 P.M. except as otherwise provided in \"D\"<br>above.</p>\n<br><footer id='17' style='font-size:14px'>44</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3374912, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='10' style='font-size:20px'>32</h1>\n<br><table id='11' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Type of plan</td><td>Minimum mandatory exhibition requirements</td></tr><tr><td>Draft Contribution Plans</td><td>28 days (see Schedule 1 of the EP&A Act and Part 4 Division 2 of the EP&A Regulations)</td></tr><tr><td>Voluntary Planning Agreements</td><td>28 days (see Part 4 Division 1A of the EP&A Regulations)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Table 7 - Development assessment mandatory minimum exhibition timeframes</p>\n<br><table id='13' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Type of plan</td><td>Minimum mandatory exhibition requirements</td></tr><tr><td>Application for development consent (other than for complying development certificate, for designated development or for State Significant Development)</td><td>14 days*</td></tr><tr><td>Application for modification to development consent (other than for Section 4.55(1) modification applications)</td><td>14 days*</td></tr><tr><td>Application for designated development (specified under Schedule 3 of the EP&A Regulation)</td><td>28 days (see Schedule 1 of the EP&A Act)</td></tr><tr><td>Application for integrated development (specified under Clause 4.6 of the EP&A Act)</td><td>28 days</td></tr><tr><td>Application for State Significant Development</td><td>28 days Note: exhibition undertaken by the NSW State Government. Council will keep the community informed.</td></tr><tr><td>Application for other advertised development</td><td>30 days</td></tr><tr><td>Environmental impact statement obtained under Division 5.1</td><td>30 days</td></tr><tr><td>Environmental impact statement for State significant infrastructure under Division 5.2</td><td>28 days</td></tr><tr><td>Re-exhibition, if required, of any amended application or matter referred to above</td><td>To be determined by Council at time of re-exhibition, subject to nature, scale and likely impact of the amended proposal.</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>* It is noted Council has three (3) types of public exhibition procedures for various applications for<br>development consent depending on the proposed use / development. Refer to Part 6 for further discussion.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Note</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Timeframes are in calendar days and include weekends<br>\u2022 If the exhibition period is due to close on a weekend or public holiday we may extend the exhibition to finish on the first<br>available work day<br>\u2022 The period between 20 December and 10 January (inclusive) is excluded from the calculation of a period of public<br>exhibition<br>\u2022 If a particular matter has different exhibition or notification periods the longer period will apply<br>\u2022 Council is not required to make available any part of an environmental impact statement whose publication, would be<br>contrary to the public interest because of its confidential nature or for any other reason<br>\u2022 Decisions on publicly exhibited plans and applications are not to be made until after an exhibition period.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1943909, "type": "text", "content": "5.(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# 8 .4(cid:3) Chargehands(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\nA(cid:3)chargehand(cid:3)allowance(cid:3)of(cid:3)thirty(cid:882)five(cid:3)cents(cid:3)(35\u00a2)(cid:3)per(cid:3)hour(cid:3)over(cid:3)the(cid:3)employee's(cid:3)own(cid:3)rate,(cid:3)or(cid:3) \nthe(cid:3)highest(cid:3)rate(cid:3)supervised,(cid:3)whichever(cid:3)is(cid:3)greater,(cid:3)shall(cid:3)be(cid:3)paid(cid:3)to(cid:3)an(cid:3)employee(cid:3)appointed(cid:3)to(cid:3) \nthis(cid:3) position(cid:3) by(cid:3) the(cid:3) Director(cid:3) of(cid:3)\nMunicipal(cid:3) Operations,(cid:3) the(cid:3) City(cid:3) Engineer,(cid:3)\nor(cid:3) their(cid:3) appointee.(cid:3)(cid:3) \nEquipment(cid:3)Operators(cid:3)are(cid:3)not(cid:3)under(cid:3)the(cid:3)Chargehand's(cid:3)supervision.(cid:3)\n\n\n9.(cid:3) HOURS(cid:3)OF(cid:3)WORK(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n9 .1(cid:3)\nHours(cid:3)of(cid:3)Work(cid:882)(cid:882)Full(cid:882)Time(cid:3)Outside(cid:3)Employees(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\nThe(cid:3) regular(cid:3) hours(cid:3) of(cid:3) work(cid:3) wherever(cid:3)\npossible(cid:3) for(cid:3) Outside(cid:3) employees(cid:3) shall(cid:3)\nbe(cid:3) eight(cid:3) (8)(cid:3) \nconsecutive(cid:3) hours(cid:3) a(cid:3) day(cid:3) between(cid:3) the(cid:3)\nhours(cid:3) of(cid:3) 8:00(cid:3) a.m.(cid:3) (effective(cid:3) 2014(cid:3)\nJune(cid:3) 02,(cid:3) 6:00(cid:3) a.m.)(cid:3) \nand(cid:3)4:30(cid:3)p.m.(cid:3)and(cid:3)five(cid:3)(5)(cid:3)consecutive(cid:3)days(cid:3)a(cid:3)week,(cid:3)Monday(cid:3)to(cid:3)Friday(cid:3)inclusive.(cid:3)(cid:3)In(cid:3)all(cid:3)cases,(cid:3) \nschedules(cid:3)will(cid:3)be(cid:3)posted.(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n9 .2(cid:3)\nHours(cid:3)of(cid:3)Work(cid:882)(cid:882)Full(cid:882)Time(cid:3)Inside(cid:3)Employees(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n(a)(cid:3)\nThe(cid:3)regular(cid:3)hours(cid:3)of(cid:3)work(cid:3)for(cid:3)Inside(cid:3)employees(cid:3)shall(cid:3)not(cid:3)exceed(cid:3)seven(cid:3)(7)(cid:3)hours(cid:3)per(cid:3) \nday(cid:3)or(cid:3)thirty(cid:882)five(cid:3)(35)(cid:3)hours(cid:3)per(cid:3)week,(cid:3)Monday(cid:3)to(cid:3)Friday(cid:3)inclusive.(cid:3)(cid:3)This(cid:3)shall(cid:3)not(cid:3)apply(cid:3) \nto(cid:3)the(cid:3)positions(cid:3)of:(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3) (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3) (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# Administrative(cid:3)Assistant(cid:3)(cid:882)(cid:3)Operations(cid:3) \nEngineering(cid:3)Technologist(cid:3)\n\n\n# (cid:3) (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n#\nwhich(cid:3)shall(cid:3)have(cid:3)an(cid:3)eight(cid:3)(8)(cid:3)hour(cid:3)day(cid:3)as(cid:3)per(cid:3)Article(cid:3)9.1.(cid:3)\n\n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n(b)(cid:3)\nNotwithstanding(cid:3)the(cid:3)above(cid:3)paragraph(cid:3)(a),(cid:3)the(cid:3)regular(cid:3)hours(cid:3)of(cid:3)work(cid:3)for(cid:3)employees(cid:3)in(cid:3) \nthe(cid:3)Leisure(cid:3)Services(cid:3)Department(cid:3)shall(cid:3)not(cid:3)exceed(cid:3)seven(cid:3)(7)(cid:3)hours(cid:3)per(cid:3)day(cid:3)or(cid:3)thirty(cid:882)five(cid:3) \n(35)(cid:3)hours(cid:3)per(cid:3)week,(cid:3)Monday(cid:3)to(cid:3)Sunday.(cid:3)(cid:3)Employees(cid:3)shall(cid:3)receive(cid:3)two(cid:3)(2)(cid:3)consecutive(cid:3) \ndays(cid:3)of(cid:3)rest(cid:3)each(cid:3)week(cid:3)except(cid:3)when(cid:3)required(cid:3)to(cid:3)change(cid:3)work(cid:3)weeks.(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n(c)(cid:3) Effective(cid:3)2014(cid:3)June(cid:3)02:(cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3)\n\n\n \n\n# (cid:3) (cid:3)\n\n\n(cid:3)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given that the exhibition operates only on specific days of the week and an appointment is required for visits outside of these hours, determine the total potential operational days during the 67-day period, including possible appointment days, assuming full capacity is met without any prior engagements.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 842, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2701333, "type": "text", "content": "# Events\n\n\n \n\nNOV Visitation 05:00PM - 09:00PM \n29 \nFamily Life Church \n2223 Dulles Drive, Lafayette, LA, US, 70506 \nNOV Visitation 09:00AM - 11:00AM \n30 \nFamily Life Church \n2223 Dulles Drive, Lafayette, LA, US, 70506 \nNOV Funeral Service 11:00AM - 12:00PM \n30 \nFamily Life Church \n2223 Dulles Drive, Lafayette, LA, US, 70506\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 177710, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='12' style='font-size:20px'>Comments</h1>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A tribute video has been added.</p>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:22px'>\u201c</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='15' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(183,245); bottom-right:(383,358)\" /></figure>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>S anders Funeral Home - February 15, 2020 at 02:43 PM</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u201c made at Bitter Creek Ranch with him and his wonderful family. Until we meet again!<br>What a privilege to have known this sweet, God fearing man. Great memories were</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>B ryan & Kim Clark</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>K imberle Clark - February 18, 2020 at 01:00 PM</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>21 files added to the album LifeTributes</p>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:22px'>\u201c</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='22' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(178,973); bottom-right:(798,1116)\" /></figure>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>k elly Crofoot - February 16, 2020 at 07:54 AM</p>\n<figure><img id='24' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(39,1297); bottom-right:(129,1385)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>87 files added to the album LifeTributes</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>\u201c</p>\n<br><figure><img id='27' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(184,1390); bottom-right:(776,1534)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='28' style='font-size:14px'>S anders Funeral Home - February 15, 2020 at 02:34 PM</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1194732, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='8' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Cemetery</td><td colspan=\"2\">Events</td></tr><tr><td>City of Lubbock Cemetery</td><td>DEC</td><td>Graveside Service 02:00PM - 02:30PM</td></tr><tr><td>2011 E 31st Street Lubbock, TX, 79404</td><td>21</td><td>City of Lubbock Cemetery 2011 E 31st Street, Lubbock, TX, US, 79404</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 177709, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>Cemetery</h1>\n<h1 id='8' style='font-size:14px'>Idalou Cemetery<br>hwy 82<br>Idalou, TX, 79329</h1>\n<br><h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>Events</h1>\n<table id='10' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>FEB</td><td>Visitation</td><td>05:30PM - 07:00PM</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>17</td><td colspan=\"2\"></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">Sanders Funeral Home</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>1420 Main</td><td>Street, Lubbock, TX, US, 79401</td></tr></table>\n<table id='11' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>FEB</td><td>Funeral Service02:00PM - 03:00PM</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>Ford Chapel - First Baptist Church</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>US</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1215858, "type": "text", "content": "# Events\n\n\n# MAR Visitation 05:00PM - 09:00PM\n\n\n \n\n# 16\n\n\n \n\n# Vanderwall Funeral Home \n164 Maple Street, Dayton, TN, US\n\n\n# MAR Service 03:00PM\n\n\n \n\n# 17\n\n\n \n\n# Dayton First Baptist Church \ndayton, TN, US\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2180671, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='13' style='font-size:18px'>Events</h1>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>FEB Visitation 04:00PM - 07:00PM</h1>\n<br><h1 id='15' style='font-size:14px'>22</h1>\n<br><h1 id='16' style='font-size:14px'>Mack Family Funeral Homes Fiske-Murphy & Mack Chapel<br>110 New Athol Rd, Orange, MA, US, 01364</h1>\n<table id='17' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>FEB</td><td>Funeral 11:00AM</td></tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">23</td><td>Athol Historical Society</td></tr><tr><td>1307 Main St., Athol, MA, US, 01331</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 177708, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(42,40); bottom-right:(371,373)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Arthur (Art ) Lee Cook, Jr.</h1>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>August 28, 1930 - February 14, 2020</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A celebration of the life of Arthur (Art) Lee Cook, Jr., 89, of Lubbock, Texas will be 2:00<br>PM Tuesday, February 18, 2020 at Ford Memorial Chapel-First Baptist Church with Dr.<br>D.L. Lowrie officiating. Graveside services will follow in the Idalou Cemetery. The family<br>will receive friends from 5:30 to 7:00 PM Monday, February 17, 2020 at Sanders Funeral<br>Home. Please celebrate the life of Arthur by visiting http://www.sandersfuneralhome.com.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Arthur passed away February 14, 2020. Art was born August 28, 1930 in Wellington, TX to<br>Arthur and Hattie Cook. He attended North Texas University; served in the National Guard<br>as a Master Sergeant. He married Jody Kennedy on December 31, 1952 in Dallas, Texas.<br>He worked for Furr's Inc. for twenty years, retiring in 1981; owned and operated Great Sou<br>thwest Sales. He served on the international board of directors for Lions Club Internationa<br>l. Art was District Governor and served on the State Council; also served as volunteer dire<br>ctor of the Texas Boy\u2019s Ranch. He was twice Chairman of the Deacons and was a life dea<br>con at First Baptist Church.</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Art was a loving husband and father; He was affectionately known as PaPa by his grandc<br>hildren and great grandchildren. Loved ones include wife, Jody Cook; son Dennis Cook an<br>d wife, Rebecca ; daughter Teresa Rowland and husband, Garry; daughter Kelly Crofoot a<br>nd husband, Terry; son Shane Cook and wife, Jan; brother Walter Cook; sister Connie Hall<br>mark and husband Dr. Carter Hallmark; sister Maxine Pattillo and husband, Gilbert; sister<br>Betty Williams; seven grandson; fifteen great grandchildren.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In lieu of flowers memorials are suggested to Texas Boy\u2019s Ranch-Lubbock.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1984774, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:18px'>Events</h1>\n<h1 id='21' style='font-size:14px'>AUG Visitation 01:00PM - 02:00PM</h1>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:14px'>10</h1>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Martin & Castille Funeral Home - Southside Location<br>600 East Farrel Rd., Lafayette, LA, US, 70508</p>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:14px'>AUG Service 02:00PM - 03:00PM</h1>\n<br><h1 id='25' style='font-size:14px'>10</h1>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Martin & Castille's La Fleur de Lis Chapel<br>600 E. Farrel Road, Lafayette, LA, US, 70508</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2363931, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>Events</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:14px'>AUG Visitation 01:00PM - 02:00PM</h1>\n<br><h1 id='6' style='font-size:14px'>10</h1>\n<br><h1 id='7' style='font-size:14px'>Caudle-Rutledge-Daugherty Funeral Home<br>206 W. South St., Lindale, TX, US, 75771</h1>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>AUG Chapel service 02:00PM - 03:00PM</p>\n<br><h1 id='9' style='font-size:14px'>10</h1>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Caudle-Rutledge-Daugherty Funeral Home<br>206 West South Street, P.O. Box 5, Lindale, TX, US, 75771</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2363926, "type": "text", "content": "# Events\n\n\n# AUG Visitation 01:00PM - 02:00PM\n\n\n \n\n# 10\n\n\n \n\n# Caudle-Rutledge-Daugherty Funeral Home \n206 W. South St., Lindale, TX, US, 75771\n\n\nAUG Chapel service 02:00PM - 03:00PM\n\n\n \n\n# 10\n\n\n \n\nCaudle-Rutledge-Daugherty Funeral Home \n206 West South Street, P.O. Box 5, Lindale, TX, US, 75771\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If the visitation event was scheduled on February 17, 2020, in Lubbock, Texas, and the funeral service on the next day at the Ford Memorial Chapel - First Baptist Church, determine the sequence of events and the time elapsed between them. Additionally, infer the significance of the location choices for these two events.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 844, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 124545, "type": "text", "content": "# Bookmark File PDF Simons \nA Poofs Name Falklands\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124543, "type": "text", "content": "# Bookmark File PDF Simons \nA Poofs Name Falklands\n\n\n \n\nWar 1982 1/3 How British Are THE \nSimon's War \nFALKLAND ISLANDS? Simon's \nTriumph Simon Weston On \nRemembering The Falklands War \u00a6 \nGood Morning Britain 10 Percent \nTrue #11 P1 - Dave \\\"Mog\\\" Morgan, \nSea Harrier Falklands Fighter Pilot \nAmerica's Falkland Island War 1982 \nPage 5/36\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1345408, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='27' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(666,174); bottom-right:(920,344)\" /></figure>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>7. A plane trip (with stopovers) from South Africa to China takes 38 hours. How<br>many days and hours does the trip take?</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Think you got it? Get this answer and more practice on our Intelligent Practice Service</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1. 24DM 2. 24DN 3. 24DP 4. 24DQ 5. 24DR 6. 24DS<br>7. 24DT</p>\n<h1 id='31' style='font-size:14px'>www.everythingmaths.co.za</h1>\n<br><h1 id='32' style='font-size:14px'>m.everythingmaths.co.za</h1>\n<h1 id='33' style='font-size:20px'>Calculating elapsed time</h1>\n<br><h1 id='34' style='font-size:16px'>EMG3Z</h1>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Being able to do calculations with time is a very useful skill to have. It is important<br>to know how to plan and organise your time on a daily basis. For example, if it takes<br>you a certain amount of time to walk to school, what time must you leave home in the<br>morning to arrive in time for class? Or, if you need to help cook dinner at 7pm, how<br>much time do you have to \ufb01nish your homework?</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In this section we will look at how to calculate elapsed time. When doing calculations<br>like this, we add the units of time separately, and don\u2019t forget to be careful when<br>working with remainders!</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Worked example 12: Calculating elapsed time</p>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>QUESTION</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. School starts at 07:45. You are in class for 2 hours 30 minutes. What time will<br>the bell ring for \ufb01rst break? Give your answer in the 24-hour format.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2. Palesa starts cooking dinner at 6:00 p.m. She has to leave for her choir practice<br>in 1 hour and 45 minutes.</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>a) What time must she leave? (Give your answer in the 12-hour format).<br>b) Convert your answer to the 24-hour format.</p>\n<footer id='42' style='font-size:16px'>114</footer>\n<br><footer id='43' style='font-size:16px'>3.4. Reading and calculating time</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 903338, "type": "text", "content": "Page 9 of 18\n\n\n# exciting efforts that I have seen.\u2019 (Scheinfeld, 1992a).\n\n\n \n\nThree months later in August of 1992 the UIC group (Cecile, Lynne, Sean, \nSandra, and myself) with John and Margaret and one of the Panel members, Anna \nDickerson, presented at the APA meetings. Thom Moore was again the Discussant. \nCecile, Lynne, and Sean identified how they were going to analyze the\ninterview data to \nassess their concepts of participatory competence, personal visions and\norganizational \ncommunication.\n\n\n \n\nOn this occasion Margaret revealed to the audience (quite accurately) how she \nhad to tell me to not phone the panel members right after a panel meeting to\ninform \nthem of the next meeting. \u2018They are not going to remember a date a month away.\nI \nusually have to remind them a few days before the meeting \u2018( Bagby, 1992.).\nThis was a \nmajor occasion in that we could express our views with representatives of the \ncommunity present. There was much anxiety by all participants before the event\nbut it \nwas a confirming occasion for the work. Thom Moore said: \u2018The value base that\nhas \nemerged from this work is that research is a process where mutual trust and\nrespect is \nthe cornerstone of the relationship\u2019 (Moore 1992).\u201d\n\n\n \n\nLynne: \u201cPreparing for meetings with our funder, DASA, and, co-authoring \npresentations and articles cemented our working relationships. In psychology,\noften \nAfrican Americans are presented as clients in need of help. In our work, we\ndepended \non African American adults to identify and address serious community-level\nproblems \nand to articulate how they do this. I felt fortunate to be a part of a project\nthat explored \nthe assets rather than the deficits of African Americans.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nJim Kelly: \u201cWhile these two positive events occurred the UIC group was in the \nmidst of making compromises and coping with our frustrations to create and\nthen revise \nthe interview. There were also compromises as we tried to enable Lynne, Cecile\nand \nSean to obtain Master\u2019s Theses from the various sections of the Interview. We\nfinally \ncreated an interview that we believed met academic standards and the needs of\nthe \nPanel. But when a panel member participated in a practice interview it took\nfour hours ! \nWith more help from the Survey Research Lab Staff and UIC undergraduate\nstudents \nliving in the DCP community we were able to reduce the Interview to ninety\nminutes. \nThis near final version was tried out with John and Cassandra and four DCP\nBoard \nmembers. With their positive evaluations we were ready to train interviewers,\nalmost 3 \nyears into the project. It was now the spring of 1993.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nCecile Lardon: \u201cThe interview had grown out of a research process that\ninvolved \nthe community and the university research team. Every question had a history\nin the \nCommunity Research Panel Meetings and in numerous discussions that followed\nthose \nmeetings. We all felt connected to it, and, as graduate students, we had\ndeveloped our \nresearch and professional skills in the process. I had a very strong sense of\nownership \nand felt good about the process and the product. At the same time, I had been \nexperiencing quite a bit of pressure by the psychology department to get my\nthesis \ndone. The uncertainties associated with the interview convinced Lynne and I\nthat we \nneeded a thesis project that allowed us a bit more control, even if that meant\na \ncompromise in the research methodology we selected. Our compromise was that we \nwould develop questionnaires that: (a) were based on the definitions developed\nduring \nthe Community Research Panel meetings; (b) would further involve community \nmembers and (c) could be used by the host community as training tools for\nleadership\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 458034, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='67' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"Add (15) Replace (15) Add (15) Replace (15) Add (15) Replace (15)\n30 30 30\nAdd (20) Replace (20) Add (20) Replace (20) Add (20) Replace (20)\nAveragestartuptime,s 20 Averagestartuptime,s 20 Averagestartuptime,s 20\nAdd (25) Replace (25)\nAdd (25) Replace (25)\nAdd (25) Replace (25)\n10 10 10\n0 0 0\n0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80\nChange size, % Change size, % Change size, %\n(a) 3-minute interval (b) 5-minute interval (c) 7-minute interval\" data-coord=\"top-left:(128,121); bottom-right:(1157,430)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='68' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 3. Average observed user start-up times. Numbers in the parentheses in the legends indicate the starting users population.</caption>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='69' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"1 1 1\nPlaybackContinuityIndex 0.6 PlaybackContinuityIndex 0.6 PlaybackContinuityIndex 0.6\n0.8 0.8 0.8\n0.4 0.4 0.4\nAdd (15) Replace (15)\nAdd (15) Replace (15)\nAdd (15) Replace (15)\n0.2 Add (20) Replace (20) 0.2 Add (20) Replace (20) 0.2 Add (20) Replace (20)\nAdd (25) Replace (25) Add (25) Replace (25) Add (25) Replace (25)\n0 0 0\n0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80\nChange size, % Change size, % Change size, %\n(a) 3-minute interval (b) 5-minute interval (c) 7-minute interval\" data-coord=\"top-left:(125,494); bottom-right:(1164,806)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='70' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 4. Average observed Playback Continuity Index (PCI). Numbers in the parentheses in the legends indicate the starting user population. Dashed lines<br>indicate the chosen performance threshold.</caption>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>system users. Speci\ufb01cally, experiments in this paper consider<br>two QoS parameters - start-up time of multimedia stream and<br>the Playback Continuity Index (PCI). The start-up time, refers<br>to the time period from starting the streaming application to the<br>time the rendering of multimedia stream starts. The playback<br>continuity index is the ratio of the number of rendered video<br>frames in the user\u2019s device to the number of attempts to render<br>the next frame. The PCI value can range from 0 (no video<br>frames were rendered in time) to 1 (all frames were rendered<br>in time). From the point of view of user\u2019s experience, PCI<br>quanti\ufb01es how \u201dchoppy\u201d (stopping to wait for data and then<br>resuming) the rendering process is. The PCI value of 0.8 was<br>chosen as the lowest acceptable quality level.</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>B. Experimental results - Start-up time</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Results for the average client start-up times are shown in<br>Fig. 3. Here, each sub-\ufb01gure shows the average start-up times<br>for each of the 3, 5, and 7 minute time intervals before and<br>after user population changes. Comparing the results between<br>the \u201dadd\u201d and \u201dreplace\u201d scenarios, it can be seen that clients<br>in the \u201dadd\u201d scenarios experienced longer start-up times than<br>clients in the \u201dreplace\u201d scenarios. This is especially visible in<br>the 3 minutes case (Fig. 3a). In this example, when the number</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>of users increases from 20 to 32 (change size of 60%), the<br>multimedia playback started after 6.5 seconds in the \u201dreplace\u201d<br>scenario, and 12.8 seconds in the \u201dadd\u201d scenario.</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The longer start-up times in the \u201dadd\u201d scenarios are caused<br>by the increase in the number of active users. In the \u201dreplace\u201d<br>scenarios, the total number of active users stays unchanged<br>(15, 20 or 25 users), while in the \u201dadd\u201d scenarios, the total<br>number of users increases with the change size. As all users<br>communicate using the same Wi-Fi radio channel, a higher<br>number of users introduce more interference, thus reducing the<br>effective transmission speed and increasing the time required<br>to \ufb01ll the playback buffer.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124544, "type": "text", "content": "# Bookmark File PDF Simons \nA Poofs Name Falklands\n\n\n \n\nWar 1982 Heard Argentinean View \nThe Rarely \nOf The Falklands War Reveals A Very \nDifferent Side To The Story Simon \nWeston. 17th October 2019 \nFalklands-Malvinas - perhaps a \ndifferent approach Joe Biden on the \nFalklands conflict, 1982 Margaret \nThatcher - Sink It! Argentinian\n\n\n \n\n# Page 6/36\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 273657, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Chapter 5 - Interviews With Broadsheet Music Journalists</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>5.1 Introduction</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Having considered the quantitative and qualitative results drawn from the analysis of historical<br>newspapers, this chapter presents the key findings obtained from the second primary source, namely<br>interviews with broadsheet music journalists. What follows herein are carefully selected verbatim<br>quotations, taken from the interviews, which reveal the journalists' personal perspectives upon, and<br>experiences of, broadsheet music journalism during the period 1981 to 1991. The quotations are<br>arranged thematically, in section 5.2, as follows:</p>\n<p id='45' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>5.2.1 Histories, traditions and personal critical styles<br>5.2.2 Selection of coverage and editorial values<br>5.2.3 Genre prioritisation and hierarchies<br>5.2.4 Media and publishing environment changes<br>5.2.5 The consequences of the Wapping Dispute<br>5.2.6 The golden age and narratives of decline<br>5.2.7 The political climate and Thatcherism<br>5.2.8 Music advertising<br>5.2.9 Employment conditions (a) Recruitment (b) Reward (c) Training and development<br>(d) Employee relations</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Where some or all of an interview question or interviewer comment appears in the following extracts,<br>this is indicated in round brackets and underlined. Similarly, where additional words have been added<br>to enhance the flow of text these are also shown in round brackets, although such additions have been<br>kept to a minimum to limit interviewee misrepresentation. Interview dates and venues are<br>summarised in Appendix Y. The page location, within appendices Z - ZZ, of each quote is indicated<br>and each interviewee is identified by initials in square brackets as below, unless the extract refers to<br>personal employment conditions or occurred during Part B of the interview, thus requiring anonymity<br>(as per 2.3.1 (p. 67) and 5.2.9 (p. 176\u00bb. The interview findings are then summarised in section S.3.</p>\n<table id='47' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>[RC] = Richard Cook</td><td>pp.355-370</td><td>[NK]= Nicholas Kenyon CBE</td><td>pp.431-437</td></tr><tr><td>[CD] = Clive Davis</td><td>pp.371-384</td><td>[FM] = Fiona Maddocks</td><td>pp.438-446</td></tr><tr><td>[RD] = Robin Denselow</td><td>pp.385-396</td><td>[BN] = Bayan Northcott</td><td>pp.447-465</td></tr><tr><td>[HF] = Hilary Finch</td><td>pp.397-407</td><td>[MO] = Meredith Oakes</td><td>pp.466-469</td></tr><tr><td>[00] = Dave Gelly</td><td>pp.408-420</td><td>[RS] = Robert Sandall</td><td>pp.470-480</td></tr><tr><td>[EG] = Edward Greenfield27 .5</td><td>pp.421-424</td><td>[OS] = David Sinclair</td><td>pp.481-492</td></tr><tr><td>[PG] = Paul Griffiths</td><td>pp.425-430</td><td>[TS] = Tom Sutcliffe</td><td>pp.493-511</td></tr></table>\n<p id='48' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>27.5 In this instance, relevant quotations have been drawn from a recorded interview conducted by<br>Moss in 2001, obtained from The Guardian and Observer Archive and Visitor Centre, Oral<br>History Project, OHP127/1.</p>\n<footer id='49' style='font-size:14px'>134</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124546, "type": "text", "content": "# Bookmark File PDF Simons \nA Poofs Name Falklands\n\n\n \n\nWar 1982 announces the Falklands \nThatcher \ninvasion to the House of Commons \nWhy Do The UK And Argentina Hate \nEach Other? 10 Percent True #11 Clip \n1: Dave \\\"Mog\\\" Morgan, Sea Harrier \nFighter Pilot Falklands War Interview \nThe Falklands War in a Nutshell \nFalklands: Red Cross identifies \nPage 8/36\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1873849, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available in Journalism Studies, 20 May<br>2021, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1461670X.2021.1927154</p>\n<h1 id='56' style='font-size:20px'>Interviewer Script</h1>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Get to read participant information sheet and sign consent form.</p>\n<h1 id='58' style='font-size:16px'>Suggested intro:</h1>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The session will last two hours and if you need anything during that time, a drink or a bathroom break,<br>please feel free to get up: you don\u2019t need to ask first.</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This session is about online news videos, which you said you watched, that\u2019s right isn\u2019t it?</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We\u2019re interested in what you think about online news videos as news consumers. For example, what you<br>like \u2013 or look for in them.</p>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>What\u2019s really important to us is YOUR opinion. There are no right or wrong answers. So please write<br>down and tell us what comes into your head as you watch and discuss the videos. We\u2019re not looking for<br>you to say anything in particular, just what you honestly think or feel.</p>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>So, let\u2019s start with a short round of introductions. Could you please introduce yourselves briefly, with just<br>your name if you like.</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Thank you. As I said, we\u2019re interested in short online news videos that you watch on news websites or<br>mobile apps.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This is the sort of video I mean [play video]. They are usually 1\u20133 minutes long, although they might be<br>shorter if they are for social media like Twitter. Some might have captions: words on the screen rather<br>than a voiceover. They might be landscape format if you watch them on a PC, or portrait format if you<br>watch them on your phone.</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Of course, some online news videos are longer. 5, 10, 15 even 25 minutes. Although we are mainly<br>interested in short online news videos, we\u2019re also interested in your views about longer online news<br>videos. We\u2019ll talk about them too later in the interview.</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>GENERAL QUESTIONS (NO MORE THAN 30 MINUTES):</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Q: Ok so please could you each tell me how regularly you watch online news videos and where, for<br>example at home, at work, when travelling.</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Q: Has the number of online news videos you watch, and where you watch them, changed over the last<br>few years?</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Q: Can you say what kinds of factors have influenced that change? [if change expressed]<br>or<br>Can you say what kinds of factors might influence how often you watch news videos? [if no change<br>expressed]</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Q: Thinking about the mix of online news videos you watch, how many are short (1\u20133 minutes) and how<br>many are longer, for example 5, 10, 15 or even 25 or 35 minutes?</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Q: Can you tell me why you tend to watch shorter or longer online news videos?</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Q: Are there particular kinds of topics you tend to watch online news videos about? [Only show slide of<br>topics once] And any more from this list, or any others that now come to mind?</p>\n<footer id='74' style='font-size:16px'>38</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2555172, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The experiment started with a 45 minutes long introduc-<br>tory presentation, which covered the mechanics of the<br>EmohawkVille virtual world, the Pogamut module and<br>the goal-driven architecture. The evaluation consisted<br>of two assignments where the subjects were asked to<br>implement a particular task in an NPC template based<br>on the Chef NPC. Throughout the evaluation, the sub-<br>jects answered appropriate questionnaires. All subjects<br>had considerable previous experience with writing NPC<br>behaviors for the Pogamut UT2004 module, and as a<br>result, they could compare it with the Pogamut Emo-<br>hawkVille module. The evaluation took 5 hours to com-<br>plete (including the introductory presentation).</p>\n<h1 id='41' style='font-size:14px'>Assignments</h1>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>As the implementation of the Chef NPC took days to<br>complete, we had to scale it down for the subjects. We<br>decided to create an NPC project template that was<br>based on the Chef NPC code, but with empty implemen-<br>tation of \u201cObtain item\u201d and \u201cObtain a piece of an item\u201d<br>tasks, which we asked subjects to implement. Tasks<br>that were used in the original task implementation as<br>sub-tasks were pointed out in the assignment.<br>The challenge of assignments lay in 1) learning how to<br>use sub-tasks, 2) designing task stages, 3) implementing<br>stage decision logic, 4) implementing the code executing<br>each stage.<br>The \u201cObtain item\u201d assignment was chosen for its rela-<br>tive simplicity. The task was to collect an item matching<br>a given predicate.<br>The \u201cObtain a piece of an item\u201d assignment was chosen<br>as a representative of a complex task. The task required<br>an NPC not only to produce slices obtained by chopping<br>appropriate vegetable but also to satisfy chopping pre-</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given that each experience shared by Dave 'Mog' Morgan during his interview lasted 10 minutes, imagine that a new segment is added explaining the political environment with a duration equal to the total time of two personal experiences. Calculate the new total interview time and determine the percentage of the interview occupied by personal experiences.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 846, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2732076, "type": "text", "content": "# 2016 TOYOTA 8FBE20U \nUsed Indoor 3-Wheel Electric Forklift\n\n\n# KEY FEATURES\n\n\nSERIES: 8 Series \nMAKE: Toyota \nMODEL: 8FBE20U \nCAPACITY: 4,000lbs \nMAST: 90\" | 258\" QSV \nTIRES: Cushion \nFORKS: 42\" \nFUEL: Electric \nHOURS: 6,521 \nYEAR: 2016 \nUNIT #: 13806 \nSERIAL #: 11858\n\n\n \n\n$34,900\n\n\n$34,900\n\n\n# ADDITIONAL DETAILS\n\n\nIncluded with this Used Electric Forklift: \u2022 Cascade Sideshift \u2022 36V Battery \u2022\nFront / Rear Combo Lights \u2022 Vinyl Suspension Seat \u2022 Back- \nUp Alarm \u2022 Yellow Strobe Light\n\n\nAll used electric forklifts receive a 54 point safety inspection, a complete\nmaintenance service and includes a 30 Day Powertrain\n\n\n \n\nWarranty.\n\n\nWESTMAT.COM\n\n\nPowered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2732077, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>2016 TOYOTA 8FBE20U<br>Used Indoor 3-Wheel Electric Forklift</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:18px'>KEY FEATURES</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>SERIES: 8 Series<br>MAKE: Toyota<br>MODEL: 8FBE20U<br>CAPACITY: 4,000lbs<br>MAST: 90\" | 258\" QSV<br>TIRES: Cushion<br>FORKS: 42\"<br>FUEL: Electric<br>HOURS: 6,521<br>YEAR: 2016<br>UNIT #: 13806<br>SERIAL #: 11858</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>$34,900</p>\n<figure><img id='4' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(670,410); bottom-right:(1127,719)\" /></figure>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>$34,900</p>\n<h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>ADDITIONAL DETAILS</h1>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Included with this Used Electric Forklift: \u2022 Cascade Sideshift \u2022 36V Battery \u2022 Front / Rear Combo Lights \u2022 Vinyl Suspension Seat \u2022 Back-<br>Up Alarm \u2022 Yellow Strobe Light</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>All used electric forklifts receive a 54 point safety inspection, a complete maintenance service and includes a 30 Day Powertrain</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Warranty.</p>\n<table id='10' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>CALGARY</td><td>403.236.0305</td><td>EDMONTON</td><td>780.465.6417</td><td>GRANDE PRAIRIE</td><td>780.539.4669</td></tr><tr><td>LETHBRIDGE</td><td>403.329.8644</td><td>MEDICINE HAT</td><td>403.527.5400</td><td>RED DEER</td><td>403.341.6670</td></tr></table>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>WESTMAT.COM</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1182000, "type": "text", "content": "PERSONNEL \nCARRIERS\n\n\n \n\nTOW \nTRACTORS\n\n\n \n\nRoadmaster\n\n\nBURDEN \nCARRIERS\n\n\n \n\nTowmaster\n\n\nMODEL E4-51\n\n\n \n\nProduct Line: Model E4-51\n\n\nTaylortruck\n\n\n \n\nLoadmaster\n\n\n \n\nModel B Series\n\n\n \n\nWheels: 3 wheels \nUnit Weight: 975 lbs. without batteries \nDraw Bar Pull: 200 lbs. (std.) \nBattery Compartment: 13 3/8 x 30 1/2 x 24 inches high \nBattery Weight Range: Maximum weight 1,020 lbs. \nBattery Connector: SB 175 amp \nBatteries: Optional \nSystem Voltage: 24 volt \nTravel Distance (Unloaded): 18 miles \nEnergy Consumption: 218 watts/hr per km \nDrive Axle: Automotive style differential \nTransmission: \u201cPower Traction\u201d drive, 30:1 reduction \nMotor: 24 volt, 6.7 hp @ 935 rpm intermittent duty to \n2.25 hp @ 1,900 rpm normal duty \nSpeed: 6.0 mph (standard) \nSafety Interlock: Located at operator\u2019s left foot position \nHitch: Automatic coupling hitch standard at 12\u201d height \nGradeability: 10% empty, 5% loaded \nTires: Front: 2 ea. 8 x 2 1/2 inch solid cushion on dual \nfork. Rear: 16 x 4 x 12 1/8 inch solid cushion.\n\n\n \n\nSteering: Chain and sprocket reduction to front fork\n\n\nElectruck\n\n\nMaintenance \nExpediter\n\n\n \n\nMule Pullmaster\n\n\nE4-51\n\n\nStockchaser\n\n\n \n\nStepsaver\n\n\n \n\nModel E\n\n\n \n\nHuskey\n\n\n \n\nBrakes: Mechanical brake through differential to both rear \nwheels. Brake operated by integrated accelerator and break \ntreadle. \nFrame: All-steel unitized frame with exterior of 3/8 inch \nthick steel plate \nBumper: Heavy duty steel, welded to frame \nColor: Safety orange, traffic yellow \nSafety Backrest: Padded back rest with adjustable height & \nrear guard rail \nController: Solid state speed control, 400 amp, 24 volt \nInstrumentation: Battery status indicator \nHorn: 24 volt \nCharger: Optional \nConformance Standards: Type E OSHA requirements \n1910.178, ANSI B56.9-1987 requirements \nMODEL E4-57: 1,267 lbs. unit weight; length: 76\u201d; width: \n31.75\u201d; wheelbase: 47\u201d; turning radius: 67.5\u201d; intersecting \naisles: 56\u201d; 300 lbs. draw bar pull; 26 3/8\u201d x 30 1/2\u201d x 24\u201d \nbattery compartment; 1,800 lbs. battery weight range; 36 \nvolt, 10 hp @1,400 rpm intermittent duty to 3.5 hp @ \n2,800 rpm normal duty.\n\n\n \n\nTRU TRAC SPECIFICATIONS: 48\u201d x 96\u201d deck size, 8,000 lb. \ncapacity, 4 wheel steer optional\n\n\nCORPORATION \nCommercial and Industrial Vehicles Since 1949\n\n\n2114 West Ball Road, Anaheim, CA 92804 \u2022 (714) 956-4040 \u2022 FAX (714) 956-3130 \nToll Free (800) 688-8680 Visit our website: www.taylor-dunn.com\n\n\nSpecifications, standard equipment, accessories and modifications subject to\nchange without notice.\n\n\n \nLS-451-21\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 189344, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# YOU, GETTING MORE DONE\n\n\n \n\n# AN INVESTMENT \nTHAT PAYS YOU BACK\n\n\nIntuitive controls work like you think they should, and let you \ncontrol lift and auxiliary functions with ease. Lift or lower while \ncontrolling reach or tilt, too, saving valuable seconds in each \ncycle. Get increased traction to move quickly between delivery \npoints with large tires that also decrease wear, keeping tire \nreplacement to a minimum. Accomplish more, more efficiently.\n\n\n \n\n# 9IN.\n\n\n \n\nSTEP HEIGHT\n\n\n \n\n# -20\u02da F \nCOLD CONDITIONING \nAVAILABLE\n\n\n# 2500 \u2013 4500LB.\n\n\n \n\nCAPACITY\n\n\n \n\nSome competitors are content to design and build a forklift \nwith systems bought off the shelf. Toyota demands better \nfor its customers. It\u2019s a forklift with better components and \nmeticulously planned integrated systems that work together to \ndeliver intuitive, dependable performance day after day. Toyota \nforklifts don\u2019t often require service. But when they do, it\u2019s fast \nand easy \u2014 by design. And legendary Toyota quality means \nmore productivity over the lifecycle of your forklift, along with \nlower repair costs. Higher residual value is another bonus.\n\n\n \n06\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1266062, "type": "text", "content": "17640 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 66 / Thursday, April 6, 2006 / Rules and\nRegulations\n\n\nstandards, generally stating that the \nagency\u2019s estimated weight impacts were \ntoo low. Our response to these \ncomments and a summary of our \nevaluation are provided below. A \ndetailed discussion of the evaluation is \nprovided for in the FRIA (see FRIA \np. IV\u20132).\n\n\n \n\nThe agency has evaluated the impact \nof the Federal motor vehicle safety \nstandards (FMVSS) using MY 2007 \nvehicles as a baseline. We have issued \nor proposed to issue a number of \nFMVSSs that become effective between \nthe MY 2007 baseline and MY 2011. \nThese have been analyzed for their \npotential impact on light truck fuel \neconomy weights for MYs 2008\u20132011: \nThe fuel economy impact, if any, of \nthese new requirements will take the \nform of increased vehicle weight \nresulting from the design changes \nneeded to meet new FMVSSs.\n\n\n \n\nThe average test weights (curb weight \nplus 300 pounds) of the light truck fleet \nfor General Motors, Ford, and \nDaimlerChrysler in MY 2008, MY 2009, \nMY 2010 and MY 2011 are 4,744, 4,800, \n4,792, and 4,786,138 respectively. Thus, \noverall, the three largest manufacturers \nof light trucks expect weight to remain \nalmost unchanged during the time \nperiod addressed by this rulemaking. \nThe changes in weight include all \nfactors, such as changes in the fleet mix \nof vehicles, required safety \nimprovements, voluntary safety \nimprovements, and other changes for \nmarketing purposes. These changes in \nweight over the three model years \nwould have a negligible impact on fuel \neconomy.\n\n\n \n\n1\\. FMVSS 138, Tire Pressure Monitoring \nSystem\n\n\n \n\nAs required by the Transportation \nRecall Enhancement, Accountability, \nand Documentation (TREAD) Act, \nNHTSA is requiring a Tire Pressure \nMonitoring System (TPMS) be installed \nin all passenger cars, multipurpose \npassenger vehicles, trucks and buses \nthat have a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating \nof 10,000 pounds or less. The effective \ndates are based on the following phase- \nin schedule:\n\n\n \n\nThus, for MY 2008, an additional 30 \npercent of the fleet will be required to \nmeet the standard as compared to MY \n2007\\. We estimate from a cost teardown \nstudy that the added weight for an \nindirect system is about 0.156 lbs. and \nfor a direct system is 0.275 to 0.425 lbs. \nInitially, direct systems will be more \nprevalent, thus, the increased weight is \nestimated to be average 0.35 lbs. (0.16 \nkilograms). Beginning in MY 2008, the \nweight increase from FMVSS No. 138 is \nanticipated to be 0.11 pounds (0.05 \nkilograms).\n\n\n \n\nAs stated in the TPMS final rule,139 \nby promoting proper tire inflation, the \ninstallation of TPMS will result in better \nfuel economy for vehicle owners that \npreviously had operated their vehicles \nwith under-inflated tires. However, this \nwill not impact a manufacturer\u2019s \ncompliance under the CAFE program. \nUnder the CAFE program, a vehicle\u2019s \nfuel economy is calculated with the \nvehicle\u2019s tires at proper inflation. \nTherefore, the fuel economy benefits of \nTPMS have not been considered in this \nrulemaking.\n\n\n \n\n2\\. FMVSS 202, Head Restraints\n\n\n20 percent of light vehicles produced \nbetween September 1, 2005 and \nAugust 31, 2006,\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1266065, "type": "text", "content": "17642 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 66 / Thursday, April 6, 2006 / Rules and\nRegulations\n\n\nair bag or window curtains. SAFETEA\u2013 \nLU also requires the use of window \ncurtain air bags for ejection mitigation, \nwhich would result in taller and wider \nwindow curtains that would be tethered \nor anchored low to keep occupants in \nthe vehicle.\n\n\n \n\nAssuming in the future that the \ntypical system will be thorax bags with \na window curtain, the average weight \nincrease would be 11.55 pounds (4.77 + \n6.78) or 5.25 kg (2.07 + 3.08). In MY \n2005, about 31 percent of the fleet had \nthorax air bags, 7 percent had \ncombination air bags and, and 25 \npercent had window curtains. The\n\n\n \n\ncombined average weight for these \nsystems in MY 2005 was 3.49 pounds \n(1.59 kg). Thus, the future increase in \nweight for side impact air bags and \nwindow curtains compare to MY 2005 \ninstallations is 8.06 pounds (11.55\u20133.49) \nor 3.66 kg (5.25\u20131.59).\n\n\n \n\nAnother area that could result in an \nincrease in weight is if the \nmanufacturers include structure to get a \nhigher score in the IIHS higher side \nimpact barrier test. Public data is not \navailable to estimate what voluntary \nweight increases have been added or \nwill be added to get a better score in this \ntest.\n\n\nTABLE 14.\u2014INCREASES IN WEIGHT TO IMPROVE OFFSET FRONTAL TESTING\n\n\n \n\n147 Part of the explanation for the weight increase between the Blazer and\nTrailblazer is an increase of approximately 1,070 sq. in. in footprint.\n\n\nThese weight increases have an affect \non the vehicle\u2019s fuel economy. However, \nmany vehicles have already been \nredesigned with this offset frontal test in \nmind. Whether increases in weight like \nthis will continue for other vehicles in \nthe future is unknown.\n\n\n \n\nC. Cumulative Weight Impacts of the \nSafety Standards and Voluntary \nImprovements\n\n\n \n\nAfter making the changes in response \nto comments discussed above, NHTSA \nestimates that weight additions required \nby FMVSS regulations that will be \neffective in MYs 2008\u20132011, compared \nto the MY 2007 fleet will increase light \ntruck weight by an average of 4.07 \npounds or more (1.83 kg or more). \nLikely weight increases from future \nsafety standards or voluntary safety \nimprovements will add 22.83 pounds or \nmore (10.37 kg or more) compared to \nMY 2005 installations.\n\n\n \n\nThe Alliance, DaimlerChrysler, Ford, \nGeneral Motors and Toyota argued that \nthe weight additions projected by \nNHTSA for FMVSS regulations that will \nbe effective in MYS 2008\u20132011 is too \nlow. NHTSA projected an average of \n15.46 pounds (including both FMVSS \nrequirements and voluntary safety \nimprovements) and a CAFE impact of \n0.04 mpg. Only Ford provided a total \nestimate which could be compared to \nthis number, and their estimate was \nsignificantly higher.\n\n\n \n\nless than NHTSA\u2019s, but often they are \nmore than NHTSA\u2019s. The agency\u2019s \nestimates are based on cost and weight \ntear down studies of a few vehicles and \ncannot possibly cover all the variations \nin the manufacturers\u2019 fleets. The \nmanufacturer\u2019s estimates of the fuel \neconomy impact of added weight on \nmpg have typically been less than \nNHTSA\u2019s estimates. NHTSA estimated \nthat an increase of 3\u20134 pounds 148 \nresults in a decrease of 0.01 mpg, the \nmanufacturers\u2019 data show that an \nincrease of up to 7 pounds results in a \ndecrease of 0.01 mpg. The combination \nof the manufacturers estimating more \nsafety weight impacts, but that weight \nhaving less impact on miles-per-gallon, \nhas resulted in similar impacts being \nestimated by NHTSA and the \nmanufacturers. The agency has not \nquestioned the manufacturers\u2019 estimates \nclosely because the differences in the \noverall fuel economy impact due to \nrequired safety standards as estimated \nby Ford, General Motors, and NHTSA is \nsmall. A more detailed discussion of the \nimpact of safety improvements is \nprovided in the FRIA (see FRIA p. IV\u2013 \n2).\n\n\n \n\nD. Federal Motor Vehicle Emissions \nStandards\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Tier 2 Requirements\n\n\n \n\nPursuant to its authority under the \nClean Air Act, on February 10, 2000, the \nEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA)\n\n\n \n\nRULES2\n\n\n \n\nwith\n\n\n \n\nIn some instances the manufacturers\u2019 \nweight estimates are similar to \nNHTSA\u2019s, in some instances they are\n\n\n \n\n148 In reality, the fuel economy impact depends \non the baseline weight of the vehicle.\n\n\n \n\nPROD1PC61\n\n\n \n\non\n\n\n \n\nwwhite VerDate Aug<31>2005 18:41 Apr 05, 2006 Jkt 208001 PO 00000 Frm 00078\nFmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\\FR\\FM\\06APR2.SGM 06APR2\n\n\n \n\n4\\. Offset Frontal Crash Testing\n\n\n \n\nIIHS has been testing and rating \nvehicles using an offset deformable \nbarrier crash test at 64 km/h. Many \nmanufacturers have redesigned their \nvehicles to do better in these tests and \nhave increased the weight of their \nvehicles. Four light trucks that the \nagency has tested, which improved from \na poor rating to a marginal or good \nrating in the IIHS testing, increased their \nweights, some with other redesigns, as \nfollows:\n\n\npublished a final rule establishing new \nFederal emission standards for \npassenger cars and light trucks (see 65 \nFR 6698). Known as the \u2018\u2018Tier 2\u2019\u2019 \nProgram, the new emissions standards \nin EPA\u2019s final rule cover both light-duty \nvehicles (i.e., passenger cars and light \ntrucks with a GVWR of 6,000 pounds or \nless) and medium-duty passenger \nvehicles (MDPVs) (i.e., vehicles with \neither a curb weight of more than 6,000 \npounds or a GVWR of more than 8,500 \npounds and which otherwise meet the \nEPA definition (as discussed previously \nin this notice)).\n\n\nFor new passenger cars and lighter \nlight trucks (rated at less than 6,000 \npounds GVWR), the Tier 2 standards\u2019 \nphase-in began in 2004, and the \nstandards are to be fully phased in by \n2007\\. For MDPVs, the phase-in schedule \nunder the Tier 2 Program requires that \n50 percent of the MDPV fleet must \ncomply in MY 2008 and that 100 \npercent comply by MY 2009.\n\n\n \n\nThe \u2018\u2018Tier 2\u2019\u2019 standards are designed \nto focus on reducing the emissions most \nresponsible for the ozone and \nparticulate matter (PM) impact from \nthese vehicles (e.g., NOX and non- \nmethane organic gases (NMOG), \nconsisting primarily of hydrocarbons \n(HC)) and contributing to ambient \nvolatile organic compounds (VOC). In \naddition to establishing new emissions \nstandards for vehicles, the Tier 2 \nstandards also establish standards for \nthe sulfur content of gasoline.\n\n\nPrior to model year 2008, EPA also \nregulates MDPVs under \u2018\u2018Interim-Non-\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 572442, "type": "text", "content": "# Heavy Duty Motorized \nPlatform Cart\n\n\n \n\nThe AmericartUSA\u2122 D.B.A. PHS West, Inc. heavy duty motorized platform carts\nensure that you are \nimplementing an ergonomic, cost-effective solution for transport. One staff\nmember can quickly and safely \nperform the same task that may have previously taken multiple trips and staff.\nThree standard sizes allows \nAmericartUSA\u2122 D.B.A. PHS West, Inc. to create the perfect fitting product for\nyour needs and are easy \nto maneuver through tight corridors, crowded hotel lobbies, narrow warehouse\naisles, mail rooms, and \nmanufacturing production lines!\n\n\nErgo-Express\u00ae Models AC2644, AC2650 and AC2662 | Motorized Platform Carts\n\n\n \n\n# Specifications\n\n\n\u2022 Model Names and Numbers: AC2644, AC2650 \nand AC2662 \n\u2022 Dimensions:\n\n\n \n\n\\- Width: 28\u201d \n\\- Depth: 54\u201d, 60\u201d, or 73\u201d \n\\- Height: 43\u201d to the top of the controller \n\\- Weight: 280lb., 290lb., or 300lb. \n\\- Shipping Weight: 330lb., 340lb., or 360lb.\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Turning Radius: Center-Mounted Drive\n\n\n \n\n\\- Turning radius is dependent upon the overall length of \nthe cart\n\n\n \n\n*Call for these specifications\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Weight Capacity: 1,000lb.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Deck Material: 10 Gauge CRS | ASTM A366 \n\u2022 Drive Wheel: 9\u201d Diameter\n\n\n \n\n\\- Grey Non-Marking \n\\- 4-Ply Nylon, Foam-Filled\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Caster Size: 8\u201d Diameter x 2\u201d\n\n\n \n\n\\- Performa Rubber \n\\- Temperature Range: -45\u00b0F to +180\u00b0F \n(120\u00b0F continuous service) \n\\- Hardness: 55 (\u00b15) Durometer Shore A Scale\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Controller: Microprocessor-based \n\u2022 Charging System\n\n\n \n\n\\- 120/220VAC \n\\- 2.2/1.7 A \n\\- Watts: 264/374 \n\\- Electrical Phase: 1 \n\\- Charging Cord: (UL) 384516 SJT 3X14AWG 105\u00b0C 300V VW-1 \n\\- Plug Type: 5-15P \n\\- Drive System Voltage: 24VDC\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Battery Specifications\n\n\n \n\n35 AH\n\n\n \n\n\\- AGM Battery: Stand-By, UPS, High-Rate, Telecomm \n\\- Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) - Battery \n\\- Synonyms: SLA, VRLA, AGM, Absorbed Glass Mat \n\\- Sealed Recombinant \n\\- Dot Description: Wet Battery, Non-Spillable \n\\- Chemical Name: Sealed Lead Acid, Secondary Battery\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Drive System\n\n\n \n\n\\- 24 VDC, 2856 RPM, 0.41A \n\\- Electromechanical Holding Brake, rated at 35.4lb./in. (4.0 Nm), \nwith override and controller feedback \n\\- Top Speed: 3.40 MPH\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 One Year Limited Warranty\n\n\nIt\u2019s time to take on the import competition!\n\n\nAfter designing, testing, and working out the cost structure, AmericartUSA\u2122\nD.B.A. PHS West, Inc. \nwas born. With more than 15 years of experience in the motorized platform cart\nindustry, we can \nemphatically say that AmericartUSA\u2122 D.B.A. PHS West, Inc. delivers on quality\n(American-made \nstandards) at a price that is competitive with all import carts.\n\n\n-The AmericartUSA\u2122 D.B.A. PHS West, Inc. Team\n\n\nAmericartUSA\u2122 D.B.A. PHS West, Inc. | 6704 Bleck Drive | Rockford, MN 55373 | 1-877-498-0076 | www.americartusa.com\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 189353, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='74' style='font-size:20px'>\u201c THE NAME ON MY SHIRT<br>SAYS TOYOTA,<br>BUT I WORK<br>FOR YOU.\u201d</h1>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Alan \u2013 360 Technician, Atlas Toyota Material Handling, Chicago, IL</p>\n<figure><img id='76' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(222,645); bottom-right:(388,878)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>HELP IS ALWAYS HERE WITH TOYOTA 360 SUPPORT.</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The industry\u2019s best and most comprehensive dealer<br>network quickly delivers Toyota Certified Technicians<br>to your work site. These specially trained technicians<br>can also help assess your warehouse and facility<br>needs to recommend the right equipment for the job.<br>And with the largest fleet of used and rental material<br>handling products, Toyota 360 keeps your business<br>running at full speed.</p>\n<br><h1 id='79' style='font-size:18px'>ToyotaForklift.com/360-Support</h1>\n<figure><img id='80' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(197,1195); bottom-right:(394,1341)\" /></figure>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Some product features described herein are optional. Please<br>consult your dealer for specifications. Details of specifications and<br>equipment are based on information available at time of printing<br>and may change without notice.</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>007229BRUBROCH<br>\u00a92019 Toyota Material Handling, Inc.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 92759, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='7' style='font-size:20px'>Read Free Ebook Author Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18<br>5fbe20 Forklift Service Workshop Manual</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift Manual Keywords: Toyota 5fbe10<br>5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift Manual,Download Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13<br>5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift Manual,Free download Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15<br>5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift Manual,Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift<br>Manual ...</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift Manual<br>5FBE10 5FBEIO 2.000 5FBE13 5FBE13 2.500 5FBE15 3.000 5FBE18 5FBE18<br>3.500 'Inset headlights standard with 145 in. FV 157.5 in, FSV mast Model LOAD<br>BODY/FRAME CONSTRUCTION STEERING TURNING RADIUS BRAKES Welded<br>steel body/guard/frame tat.g rack and nion power steeri 548 Dual hydraulic disc<br>(foot) 5FBE18 5FBE15 01500 5FBE13 1000 16 20 24 . 28 32 36 40 44 48 LOAD<br>Rated-capacities shown on chart ...</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Spec Toyota 5FBE10-18 - Reparations S.M. Inc.<br>this ebook author toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 forklift service<br>workshop manual can be taken as well as picked to act. Page 1/10. Access Free<br>Ebook Author Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 Forklift Service<br>Workshop ManualEach book can be read online or downloaded in a variety of file<br>formats like MOBI, DJVU, EPUB, plain text, and PDF, but you can't go wrong using<br>the Send ...</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Ebook Author Toyota 5fbe10 5fbe13 5fbe15 5fbe18 5fbe20 ...<br>Ebook-Author-Toyota-5fbe10-5fbe13-5fbe15-5fbe18-5fbe20-Forklift-Service-<br>Workshop-Manual-Ox5 5819-pdf-enligne-2019 Adobe Acrobat Reader DCDownload<br>Adobe Acrobat Reader DC Ebook PDF:Download free Acrobat Reader DC software<br>the only PDF viewer that lets you read search print and interact with virtually any<br>type of PDF file. Download Now: Adobe Acrobat Reader DC Read E-Book Online at ...</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Ebook-Author-Toyota-5fbe10-5fbe13-5fbe15-5fbe18-5fbe20 ...<br>This Toyota 5FBE10 5FBE13 5FBE15 5FBE18 5FBE20 Forklift Service Repair<br>Manual contains General Battery Control Circuit (For Other than<br>U.S.A)(1993.1-1998.8) / (For U.S.A)(1993.1-1999.1) Control Circuit (For other<br>than U.S.A)(1998.9) / (For UL.U.S.A.CANADA)(1999.2) Multi-Display Function<br>(For Other than U.S.A)(1993.1-1998.8) / (For U.S.A)(1993.1) Multi-Display<br>Function (For other than U.S.A ...</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Toyota 5FBE10 5FBE13 5FBE15 5FBE18 5FBE20 Forklift Service ...<br>Toyota 5FBE10 5FBE13 5FBE15 5FBE185FBE20 Forklift Service Repair<br>WorkshopManual DOWNLOADINSTANT DOWNLOADOriginal Factory Toyota<br>5FBE10 5FBE13 5FBE15 5FBE18 5FBE20Forklift Service Repair Manual is a<br>Complete Informational Book.This Service Manual has easy-to-read text sections<br>with top qualitydiagrams and instructions. Trust Toyota 5FBE10 5FBE13<br>5FBE155FBE18 5FBE20 Forklift Service Repair ...</p>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2/4</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 189352, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='58' style='font-size:20px'>UP</h1>\n<br><h1 id='59' style='font-size:20px'>TO 366IN.</h1>\n<br><h1 id='60' style='font-size:22px'>14IN.\u2013 21IN.</h1>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>LIFT HEIGHT</p>\n<h1 id='62' style='font-size:14px'>INDUSTRIES</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='63' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Cold Storage Food Storage\nGeneral\nDistribution\nManufacturing\nGeneral\nFactory\nWarehousing\nFood\nRetail\nProcessing\" data-coord=\"top-left:(72,467); bottom-right:(553,788)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='64' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(0,888); bottom-right:(438,1432)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>CUSTOMIZABLE BATTERY BOX</p>\n<h1 id='66' style='font-size:18px'>OPERATIONAL<br>CAPABILITIES: OPTIMIZED</h1>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Available options equip your Reach Truck for easier,<br>more trouble-free operation.</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25ba AccuLaser\u2122 Fork Guide provides easier alignment of fork<br>and pallet, even with mast fully extended<br>\u25ba Battery Interlock\u2122 prevents travel and hydraulic operations<br>if battery compartment is open<br>\u25ba Height and Tilt Indicator aids quick lifting to known rack<br>heights and assures that forks are level even at tall heights<br>\u25ba Reach Interlock Switch slows travel if the carriage isn't<br>properly nested<br>\u25ba Mast Lift Limit Switch allows up to two separate pre-set lift<br>heights to be programmed based on rack or ceiling height,<br>limiting damage and increase productivity</p>\n<h1 id='69' style='font-size:18px'>AC: POWER TO DO MORE</h1>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>AC power pays off with real savings over the life of your<br>forklift. Maintenance costs are minimal. And there\u2019s less<br>downtime, resulting in more productivity.</p>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>AC Advantages:</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u25ba Longer run time between charges<br>\u25ba Lower maintenance costs<br>\u25ba Faster acceleration and better responsiveness<br>\u25ba Controls that are more finely tuned<br>\u25ba Smoother driving experience for the operator</p>\n<footer id='73' style='font-size:16px'>ToyotaForklift.com 07</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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A new forklift model from Toyota was released with a battery control system implemented every three years. If the average weight capacity of this model also needs to comply with both U.S.A and UL.U.S.A.CANADA standards after 1999, and the average weight capacity increase is computed from previous models' capacities, determine its ideal release year and weight capacity.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 848, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 990973, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='19' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1096,2); bottom-right:(2000,218)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 CancelRx Transaction NCPDP standard is over 10 years old but poorly<br>adopted<br>\u2022 Mismatched medication lists (EHR vs Pharmacy) is no bueno<br>\u2022 5% of medications stopped in EHR end up being dispensed / 34% of<br>those are high risk<br>\u2022 University of Wisconsin<br>\u2022 12 months of PRE and POST data (PRE = phone calls / faxes / messages<br>attached to eRx to cancel)<br>\u2022 350k cancelled Rx across 15 pharmacies (within the same health system) in<br>those 2 years</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:14px'>35</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3066016, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>Encouraging Clinical Activity and Tolerability Observed in NCI-Conducted<br>Phase 2 Trial in a Heavily Pre-Treated and Progressing Patient Population</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:16px'>PHASE 1</h1>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:16px'>PHASE 2</h1>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:16px'>PHASE 3</h1>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>Clinical Responses by RECIST v1.1</h1>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='5' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(203,292); bottom-right:(931,701)\" /></figure>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\uf0a7 mPFS: Not reached by publication date due to lack of<br>tumor progression events</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2013 At time of enrollment, all patients had progressing tumors<br>\u2013 Patients failed a median of 4 prior lines (1-9) of systemic therapy (1)<br>\u2013 ORR of 29.4% (5/17) with no Progressive Disease</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Durability and Tolerability with Long-Term Dosing</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='9' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"02\n06\n05\n03\n07\n04\n11\nnumber 17\n16\nPatient 12\n15\n09\n08\n13\n01\n14\n10\n0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45\nTotal number of cycles on treatment\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1122,294); bottom-right:(1766,701)\" /></figure>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\uf0a7 59% of patients remained on treatment >2 years and 71% of<br>patients stayed on drug for >1 year</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2013 Median Duration of Treatment was >25 months at publication, with 5 patients<br>continuing as of January 2021 (treatment duration of 5+ years in these<br>patients)<br>\u2013 Well tolerated; only 1 discontinuation due to AE (2)</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Note: Per RECIST 16/17 patients were evaluable. One treatment cycle = 150 mg BID continuously for 21 days. Patient #1 had a missing baseline measurement (but had MRI). Patient #14 was not evaluable<br>per protocol, withdrew from study after cycle 1 due to travel requirements.<br>Source: Kummar et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2017.<br>(1) 71% had received chemotherapy, 65% NSAIDs, and 59% TKIs; 4/5 partial responses had previously failed imatinib or sorafenib.<br>(2) Discontinuation due to grade 2 urticaria not responsive to dose reduction. No grade 4 events, all grade 3 events related to hypophosphatemia, a known class effect easily reversible with oral supplements.</p>\n<br><footer id='13' style='font-size:14px'>11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 31025, "type": "text", "content": "# Implementing a Peer-assisted Learning Supervision Model for Hospital \nStudent Placements at a Regional Tertiary Hospital\n\n\n \n\nBortoletto D, Kavanagh L \nUniversity Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health\n\n\n# INTRODUCTION\n\n\n \n\nIncreasing demand for student placements may lead to clinician burn out. To \nreduce student supervision frequency, the Barwon Health pharmacy \ndepartment sought to change from a 1:1 student:pharmacist supervision \nmodel.\n\n\n \n\nPeer-assisted learning (PAL) 2:1 supervision model was introduced.\n\n\n# PEER-ASSISTED LEARNING (PAL)\n\n\n \n\nThe aim of PAL is for students to increase knowledge and skills by working \ncollaboratively and integrating the benefits of peer supervision with the \ncontribution of practitioners.\n\n\nThe ultimate aim is to achieve COOPERATIVE LEARNING:\n\n\nAIMS\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 To implement a student supervision model that reduces the frequency of \npharmacist supervision \n\u2022 To increase student experience and learning \n\u2022 To evaluate the PAL model in both student and pharmacist groups\n\n\n# METHODS + IMPLEMENTATION\n\n\n \n\nPharmacy education staff attended Barwon Health run PAL workshops to \nassess appropriateness of the model for the department and pharmacy \nstudents.\n\n\n \n\nBefore implementing PAL into practice:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Paired PAL student activities for different placements types were developed \nusing the SNAPPs model incorporating peer learning and feedback:\n\n\nSummarise briefly the history and findings \nNarrow the differential to 2-3 relevant possibilities \nAnalyse the differential by comparing and contrasting the \npossibilities\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Discuss with peer prior to next step\n\n\n \n\nProbe the supervisor by asking questions about uncertainties, \ndifficulties, or alternative approaches \n\u2022 Observe patient interaction; supervisor and peer to provide \nfeedback using Pendleton\u2019s Feedback method \nPlan management for patient\u2019s medical issues \nSelect a case-related issue for self-directed learning\n\n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\no The paired activities centered around admission medication histories,\nreconciliation, \nmanagement of conditions, medication order review, clinical review and\ncounselling \nVerbal and written information on the conduct of PAL was developed and \nprovided to pharmacists and students. \nStudent and pharmacist surveys were developed and distributed at the end \nof placements.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nRESULTS\n\n\n \n\n35 students and 15 pharmacists responded from January \u2013 August 2019. \nStudents ranged from across three Victorian Universities, with 65.7% (23/35) \ncompleting a second hospital placement. Of the 51.4% (18/34) who had \npreviously been paired in a 2:1 supervision model, 27.8% (5/18) had \nexperienced PAL before.\n\n\nThe majority of pharmacists had more than 10 years (46.7%; 7/15) or 2-5 \nyears (33.3%; 5/15) experience. During the placement, 86.7% (13/15) of \npharmacists had used the PAL supervision model.\n\n\n \n\nOf these, only 38.5% (5/13) had used the PAL student activities, of which 80% \n(4/5) found them useful and 20% (1/5) somewhat useful. All pharmacists \nperceived to have received the right amount of information about PAL.\n\n\nPharmacist Opinions about PAL\n\n\n \n\n0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%\n\n\nStrongly agree Agree Neither agree or disagree Disagree Strongly disagree\n\n\n \n\nPercentage (%) Respondents\n\n\nFor future placements, pharmacists\u2019 preferred supervision model was:\n\n\nCONCLUSION\n\n\n \n\nPAL student supervision model was found to be a mostly beneficial learning \nexperience for students and a preferred model for pharmacists. Proper PAL \nimplementation and education to both pharmacists and students aids in the \nacceptance of the model. \nOngoing education and some minor changes in response to feedback will be \nrequired to ensure its continued success.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1355689, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Introduction: Junior doctors write most hospital prescriptions, yet<br>are more than twice as likely to make an error in their prescriptions<br>compared to medical consultants. A possibility to enhance pharma-<br>cotherapy education is through the use of e-learning modules.<br>Objectives: The aim was to determine whether P-scribe, as the cho-<br>sen e-learning resource, helps students in their development of<br>pharmacotherapy.<br>Methods: This retrospective study was undertaken in the Erasmus<br>Medical Center, the Netherlands. All 270 medical students who started<br>their master curriculum in the academic session of 2017-2018 were in-<br>cluded. Data were analyzed to identify the frequency of student\u2019s use per<br>e-learning module, total time students spent on e-learning modules and<br>pattern of the use of e-learning modules in relation to their assessments.<br>The results on assessments were analyzed to identify possible correlations<br>between the time students spent using P-scribe, their patterns of use and<br>their assessment results.<br>Results: Students who passed their knowledge-based assessment at once<br>had a mean practice time of five more hours than students who did not<br>pass at once (P<0.05). These students practiced on average six e-learning<br>modules more (P<0.05) than students who failed their first attempt.<br>Students who passed their skill-based prescription test at once, practiced</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>on average five more e-learning modules (P = 0.006) than students who<br>failed their first attempt.<br>Conclusion: Students who passed their pharmacotherapy assessments at<br>once spent more time, and practiced more frequently, with e-learning<br>modules. E-learning modules should therefore offer students the possibil-<br>ity to practice frequently throughout the whole curriculum.</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>47</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Real World Evaluation of the IV Iron Service at Alrijne Hospital<br>Group</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dr Roel Fijn1, Ir. Hans C. Ablij2, Dr. Pieter D. Knoester1,</p>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dr. Annelies W.E. Weverling-Rynsburger2, Dr. Anne M.C. Witte3<br>1Alrijne Hospital Group, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Leiden,<br>The Netherlands<br>2Alrijne Hospital Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden,<br>The Netherlands<br>3Alrijne Hospital Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Leiden,<br>The Netherlands</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1668146, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The qualitative comments help add depth to this conclusion, illustrating both<br>the problems with the ease of use of the application as well as its perceived<br>benefits. An example of the former, followed by one of the latter:</p>\n<h1 id='77' style='font-size:14px'>\u201cI did not understand at first what the histogram data<br>represented\u201d</h1>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u201cI liked the ability to see a visual summary of [the]<br>information and to get a feel for the activity in a period\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>When looking at responses per user (Figure 25) it is interesting to examine<br>any correlating factors between the two users who expressed the least<br>satisfaction with the prototype (users 3 and 8) and between the two users<br>who expressed the most (1 and 4). The two least satisfied were both female,<br>one being between 35 and 40, the other over 40. One had no experience of<br>Wikipedia, whilst the other was very experienced. They both found the<br>prototype unintuitive to use (Figure 18) and this tallied with their comments,<br>where the overriding issue was one of confusion. The two most satisfied<br>users were both male, and both between 35 and 40. They also considered<br>themselves to be very experienced Wikipedia users. Interestingly, both the<br>latter pair work as software developers, whilst of the former two, one is a<br>school teacher, the other a University librarian. The novel and experimental<br>aspects of the timeline interface could be considered to be less of a<br>challenge to those working in the field of software development than to<br>those more familiar with traditional Windows or Web applications.</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>5.3 Concept and Implementation</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Although it had some features that were tailored to the test dataset (e.g. the<br>filter panel\u2019s artist-related contents), the prototype illustrated a broader<br>concept, that of the timeline visualisation of Semantic Web data. It is useful<br>to use the evaluation data to explore the distinction between this concept<br>and its particular implementation here. Questions 4, 7 and 8 attempted to<br>elicit participants feelings about the idea of a visual timeline interface, and<br>the utility of being able to access Web data in flexible, non-traditional ways.<br>The responses were positive overall, and some of the comments support this<br>view, for example:</p>\n<footer id='82' style='font-size:14px'>52</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 194767, "type": "text", "content": " \nFigure 110. Distributions of Participant Years of Experience.\n\n\nFigure 111 shows a multivariate plot to illustrate any existing pairwise \ncorrelations between participant years of experience in each of the categories\nin Figure \n110\\. Each dot on each graph indicates one participant\u2019s set of experiences,\nand the gray \nline indicates the best-fit least-squares regression line through the point.\nThe \ncorresponding linear equation and coefficient of determination (R\u00b2) value is\nindicated in \nthe upper left corner of each graph. In most cases, correlations are weak\nthough \ngenerally positive (as expected). The notable exception is the correlation\nbetween years \nof experience at NASA and years of experience in human spaceflight activities,\nwhich \nhas an R\u00b2 value of 0.74 and suggests that the average participant has nearly 9\nyears of \nhuman spaceflight experience for every 10 years of NASA experience. The\nimplication\n\n\n303\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1286211, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>model. The indicator of the model is shown in Figure 4.The quality of the predictor is<br>illustrated by the rank correlation statistic. The chart shows that the correlation persists for<br>periods of several months in some years like 2010.However, there were periods when the<br>correlation was highly negative and the model underperformed, but as an overall long-term<br>investment strategy, the model outperformed the market using different years as starting<br>points for investment.</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Timeline 3</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='29' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(191,516); bottom-right:(1042,860)\" /></figure>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 4: Correlation Predictability Indicator for Mutual Funds</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='31' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"80%\n60%\n40%\n20%\n0%\n-20%\n-40%\n-60%\n-80%\" data-coord=\"top-left:(160,933); bottom-right:(1069,1293)\" /></figure>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>We have further illustrated the quality of the model in Figure 5 by showing an example of the<br>actual ranked returns vs the prediction made 12 weeks previously using coefficients estimated<br>twenty four weeks before the outcome and ranked returns 12 weeks before the outcome. In</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1355664, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='44' style='font-size:14px'>Eur J Clin Pharmacol</header>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Introduction: Penicillins are widely used antibiotics and signficant num-<br>ber of patients have penicillin hypersensitivity in their drug history. It can<br>verified using in vitro and in vivo methods, with skin tests and oral chal-<br>lenge being the most important. Penicillin hypersensitivity could some-<br>times wane with time<br>Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between<br>the results of penicillin hypersensitivity testing and the demographic char-<br>acteristics of the subjects, time interval between the primary reaction to<br>penicillin and the moment of testing, type and clinical manifestations of<br>primary reaction to penicillin, the existence of hypersensitivity to other<br>allergens and family history of penicillin hypersensitivity.<br>Methods: In this cross-sectional study data were collected from medical<br>records October 1, 2016 - December 31, 2019 in Clinical Pharmacology<br>Outpatient Clinic, Clinical Hospital Center in Osijek, Croatia. The data<br>included demographic characteristics, results of in vitro penicillin hyper-<br>sensitivity testing, results of in vivo penicillin hypersensitivity testing<br>(commercial PPL, MDM, diluted ampicillin with positive and negative<br>controls) and detailed characterization of the previous hypersentivity<br>reaction.<br>Results: Out of 50 subjects, in 49 (98 %) skin prick test was performed<br>and was negative; among them intradermal test was positive in 17 (35%)<br>cases. The rest of the subjects went through oral provocation with amox-<br>icillin, which was positive in only one of them (overall, positive testing<br>results in 36.7% subjects). Specific IgEs to penicillins were done in 38 (76<br>%) subjects and were negative in all of them. In their drug history 23<br>patients (48 %) had a reaction within 5 years before testing. The most<br>often used penicillins were amoxicillin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. The<br>most common clinical manifestation of penicillin hypersensitivity was<br>maculopapular rash in 26 (54 %) subjects. Angioedema in drug history<br>was developed in 5 (10 %) subjects and was positively correlated with a<br>positive allergy test (P=0.04). Thirty six subjects (72 %) had<br>concommitantly hypersensitivity reactions to other allergens, among<br>which 24 (67 %) to other drugs and 13 (35 %) to inhalated allergens.<br>Positive family history of penicillin allergy was found in 13 (26 %)<br>subjects.<br>Conclusion: Patients with hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins should<br>be tested to exclude or prove allergy. Our results have shown that specific<br>IgE antibodies to penicillins as an in vitro methods have very low sensi-<br>tivity. Approximately one third of our subjects had positive in vivo test to<br>penicillins. Angioedema as clinical manifestation was found significantly<br>more in patients with positive test outcome. On the other hand, the out-<br>come was not correlated to the time interval between the initial reaction<br>and testing. This is a small pilot study and further research is needed.</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>36</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Selection of antibiotic therapy regimens for infections caused by<br>problematic pathogens</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Albina Zvegintseva1,2, Lyudmila Kulagina1,2, Inna Valiullina1,</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Maxim Maksimov1,2<br>1Republican Clinical Hospital Ministry of health Republic of Tatarstan,<br>Kazan, Russian Federation<br>2Kazan State Medical Academy - Branch Campus of the Federal State<br>Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education<br>\u00abRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education\u00bb of<br>the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Russian<br>Federation</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is the phenomenon of resistance of an<br>infectious pathogen strain to the action of one or more antibacterial drugs,<br>immunity and resistance of microbial culture to the action of an antibac-<br>terial substance. The most problematic among the pathogens of nosoco-<br>mial infections are microorganisms that have super capacity to form mul-<br>tiple resistance to major classes of antimicrobial drugs. The ESKAPE<br>acronym reflects the ability of these microorganisms to \"avoid\" killing<br>by antibiotics by developing resistance mechanisms, which leads to high</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>morbidity, longer hospitalizations, worsens prognosis, increases mortality<br>and leads to higher health care costs.<br>Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the trend of prevailing<br>\"problem\" microflora and develop a strategy for empirical antibiotic ther-<br>apy in severe nosocomial infectious and inflammatory processes.<br>Materials and Methods: We analyzed the main groups of pathogens of<br>hospital infections in the dynamics for 2012-2020. The ratio of positive<br>cultures to the total number of tested samples was taken for analysis. The<br>isolation, identification and determination of antibiotic sensitivity were<br>performed using conventional methods using mass spectrometry.<br>Results: There is a stable excretion rate of Acinetobacter baumannii<br>(2012-2.18%; 2013-3.23%; 2014-4.20%; 2015-6.44%; 2016-5.63%;<br>2017-6.35%;2018-6.05%;2019-6.39%;2020-5.96%). and Klebsiella<br>pneumoniae (2012-3.85%; 2013-5.94%; 2014-8.76%; 2015-10.98%;<br>2016-11.28%; 2017-12.0%;2018-13.71%;2019-12.09%;2020-12.68%)<br>with high levels of resistance. Increased significance of Acinetobacter<br>baumannii in intensive care units and neonatal intensive care units is most<br>likely associated with artificial lung ventilation. Klebsiella pneumoniae<br>has been a leader in intensive care, burn and purulent surgery departments<br>of the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the<br>Republic Tatarstan for many years. In daily practice, physicians face great<br>difficulties in selecting antibiotic therapy for infections caused by<br>panresistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae.<br>Conclusion: Microbiological monitoring of problem microorganisms al-<br>lows to consider the most effective schemes of antimicrobial therapy.<br>High resistance of hospital strains of these pathogens of purulent inflam-<br>matory diseases has to be overcome by a combination of 2-3 antimicro-<br>bials with natural activity against them (carbapenems, inhibitor-proof<br>cephalosporins, aminoglycosides). Doses are increased to the maximum<br>allowable and a prolonged infusion regimen is used to put the most pres-<br>sure on resistant flora. The use of new inhibitor-proof cephalosporins<br>leads to positive dynamics of clinical and laboratory data of patients and<br>gives hope for good results in the future if they are used rationally.<br>With the support of the administration of the Republican Clinical Hospital<br>of the Ministry of Health of the Republic Tatarstan for solving the prob-<br>lem of antibiotic resistance in the hospital - a strategy for its containment<br>has been developed, which includes several directions:<br>-Continuous microbiological monitoring, prompt provision of bacterio-<br>logical results for rational choice of adequate antibiotic therapy;<br>-Epidemiological surveillance of hospital infections, especially in inten-<br>sive care units;<br>-Strict control of the use of antibiotics by clinical pharmacologists in the<br>hospital allows to ensure the reduction of the frequency of their irrational<br>use and restrains the spread of resistant strains of microorganisms.</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>40</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Assessment of the practice of using antibiotics in the pulmonary</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 196034, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Consultations have ranged from 7 to 45 minutes, and varied greatly in duration<br>between pharmacies. For example, Pharmacy 3 had a mean average consultation<br>time of 36 minutes, compared to Pharmacy 1\u2019s mean average of 19 minutes. This<br>could be attributed to a number of factors, but of the three pharmacies where<br>consultation time was measured, the one with the shortest average consultation time<br>has continued to be able to provide a consistent service. Some pharmacists have<br>reported difficulty providing consultations at times when the pharmacy is busy, although<br>other pharmacists manage to provide them. It is recommended that pharmacists<br>shadow a current provider before agreeing to the oral contraception course to better<br>ensure the service is feasible in their pharmacy.</p>\n<br><h1 id='49' style='font-size:18px'>2 .2.6 LARC referrals</h1>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Nine pharmacies made 29 referrals for EC users into LARC services in the three month<br>period June to September 2011. Patient details were checked against service users<br>attending Southwark and Lambeth services but none of the 29 referred had attended<br>for LARC by one month after the three month period. This result suggests the<br>importance of maximising on any opportunity to provide service users with<br>contraception \u2018on the spot\u2019. It is suggested that more work is done to improve<br>signposting and referrals between all sexual health and contraceptive services, and<br>that direct LARC referrals from community pharmacy are piloted. In addition, further<br>mapping of individual patient pathways and contraceptive experiences would be of use<br>in future service design.</p>\n<br><h1 id='51' style='font-size:18px'>2 .3 Service audit and evaluation</h1>\n<br><h1 id='52' style='font-size:18px'>2.3.1 Clinical notes audit</h1>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Although community pharmacists provide a number of services under PGDs, a clinical<br>notes audit was conducted as this was a new service. The audit demonstrated that the<br>pharmacists were providing a good service, appropriate referrals had been made to<br>general practice and sexual and reproductive health, oral contraception was offered to<br>service users using condoms or EC, and LARC was promoted.</p>\n<br><h1 id='54' style='font-size:18px'>2 .3.2 Subsequent pill supply follow-up</h1>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>125 service users were contacted, 64 by text message and 61 by phone, of which 63<br>responded (50.4% response rate). Service users had obtained the pill from the<br>pharmacy between 19 October 2009 and 28 October 2010. The age of those<br>contacted ranged from 16 to 40 years with the mean average age being 23 years. The<br>time lag between first supply of the pill and date of contact ranged between 1 and 14<br>months, with the mean average being seven months.</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>O f those 63 service users who the pharmacy had contact with, 20 (32%) had come<br>back to the pharmacy for a subsequent supply of the pill. 15 of these had continued<br>taking the pill without issue. Three had returned for a change of pill. Two had stopped<br>the pill then restarted it, both of whom said they were more serious about taking the pill<br>now, one of them as a consequence of having had an abortion.</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T hree service users (5%) were accessing the pill from elsewhere; two from a sexual<br>and reproductive health clinic and one from her GP. 40 service users (63%) had not<br>returned nor were planning to return for a subsequent supply of the pill. The reasons<br>given for not wanting a subsequent supply are shown in Table 7.</p>\n<footer id='58' style='font-size:14px'>14</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1129048, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Probability of medication use between June 2020-January 2021 was higher for<br>beneficiaries that received some services during March 2020 \u2013 May 2020</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='28' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Antipsychotic Fills Medication for Opioid Use Disorder Fills\nIn-person Only 73.5% 84.1%\nTelehealth Use 76.5% 87.0%\nNo Use 70.3% 67.2%\" data-coord=\"top-left:(60,245); bottom-right:(1923,1011)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Integrate the timeline from January to August for implementation evaluation and calculate the total percentage of pharmacists utilizing PAL methods against those who had more than 10 years of experience, then consider these data points together. What might be an inferred correlation between experience and PAL usage over this period?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 849, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1223364, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='31' style='font-size:18px'>A nnual Report</h1>\n<br><header id='32' style='font-size:18px'>Year Ended December 31, 2015</header>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>EVENTS : SHAREHOLDER PORTFOLIO UPDATE AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Investment Manager will present a portfolio update to shareholders in London on 26 April 2016.<br>Shareholders will have the opportunity to hear from and submit questions to Bill Ackman and other<br>members of the Pershing Square team.</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company\u2019s Annual General Meeting will be held in Guernsey on 27 April 2016.</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Details of both events will be posted on the Company\u2019s website www.pershingsquareholdings.com</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I note that the first quarter of 2016 to date continues to be challenging. I will report to you on the first half<br>of 2016 in August 2016, and the Investment Manager will keep you informed of any significant<br>developments in the portfolio before then if appropriate.</p>\n<br><h1 id='38' style='font-size:18px'>/s/ Anne Farlow</h1>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Anne Farlow<br>Chairman of the Board<br>March 24, 2016</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>i<br>Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.<br>ii<br>Net returns include the reinvestment of all dividends, interest, and capital gains and assume an investor has participated in any<br>\u201cnew issues\u201d as such term is defined under Rules 5130 and 5131 of FINRA. Net returns also reflect the deduction of, among other<br>things, management fees, brokerage commissions, administrative expenses and performance fee (if any).<br>iii<br>Compound annual returns are those of Pershing Square, L.P. (\u201cPSLP\u201d), the Pershing Square fund with the longest track record<br>and substantially the same investment strategy to the Company. Please see footnote 5 in \u201cFootnotes to 2015 Key Highlights and<br>Investment Manager\u2019s Report\u201d on page 20 for further information.</p>\n<footer id='41' style='font-size:18px'>4</footer>\n<br><footer id='42' style='font-size:16px'>PERSHING SQUARE HOLDINGS, LTD.</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 559549, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='113' style='font-size:22px'>MORE INFORMATION<br>AND REFERENCES</h1>\n<h1 id='114' style='font-size:20px'>ADDITIONAL REPORTING</h1>\n<p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Novo Nordisk provides additional disclosure to satisfy legal<br>requirements and stakeholder interests. Additional reports<br>can be downloaded from novonordisk.com/annualreport.</p>\n<br><h1 id='116' style='font-size:18px'>MATERIALITY</h1>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Novo Nordisk leans on the International Integrated<br>Reporting Council\u2019s definition of materiality. Information<br>deemed material for providers of financial capital in their<br>decision-making is included in the Annual Report, ie of<br>such relevance and importance that it could substantively<br>influence their assessments of Novo Nordisk\u2019s ability to<br>create value over the short, medium and long term.</p>\n<h1 id='118' style='font-size:18px'>ANNUAL REPORT</h1>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The full statutory Annual Report is available online<br>novonordisk.com/annualreport.</p>\n<p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A printed extract excluding the financial statements of the<br>parent company is available in English.</p>\n<p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This Annual Report is prepared in accordance with the<br>International Financial Reporting Standards and the<br>Danish Financial Statements Act. Moreover, it meets<br>the requirements of an integrated report, as per the<br>International Integrated Reporting Framework.</p>\n<p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A shortened, printed version, consisting of the<br>Management review and excerpts from the consolidated<br>statements, is available in Danish.</p>\n<h1 id='123' style='font-size:20px'>NEWS AND UPDATES</h1>\n<p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>FOR MORE NEWS FROM NOVO NORDISK, VISIT</p>\n<br><p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>novonordisk.com/investors<br>novonordisk.com/media<br>novonordisk.com/sustainable-business</p>\n<h1 id='126' style='font-size:20px'>REFERENCES</h1>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>FORM 20-F</p>\n<br><p id='128' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Form 20-F is filed using a standardised reporting form<br>so that investors can evaluate the company alongside US<br>domestic equities. It is an annual reporting requirement<br>by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)<br>for foreign private issuers with equity shares listed on<br>exchanges in the United States.</p>\n<p id='129' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT</p>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The corporate governance report discloses Novo<br>Nordisk\u2019s compliance with Danish Corporate Governance<br>Recommendations to meet the requirements of the<br>Danish Financial Statements Act.</p>\n<p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Communication on Progress to the UN Global<br>Compact is a voluntary reporting on performance<br>towards its 10 principles on human rights, labour rights,<br>environment and anti-corruption and additional progress<br>reporting on corporate sustainability leadership and<br>UN goals. It complements the Annual Report to meet<br>the requirements of the Danish Financial Statements<br>Act, sections 99a and 99b, on corporate responsibility<br>and gender diversity. It also adheres to the UN Guiding<br>Principles Reporting Framework on respect of human<br>rights.</p>\n<br><p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>COMMUNICATION ON PROGRESS</p>\n<p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edn. Brussels, Belgium. International Diabetes Federation 2015. 2. J\u00f6nsson, Linus,<br>et al. Cost of Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Sweden. Value in Health, vol. 9, No 3, 2006, pp 193\u2013198., doi:10.1111/j.1524-<br>4733.2006.00100.x. 3. World Health Organization. Obesity and Overweight. Fact sheet No 311. Updated October 2017. 4. World Obesity Day<br>data released. World Obesity, World Obesity Federation, 2015, www.worldobesity.org/news/world-obesity-day-data-released/. Accessed 23 Janu-<br>ary 2017. 5. McCullough AJ. Epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome in the USA. Journal of Digestive Diseases 2011; 12:333\u2013340. 6. Marso<br>SP, et al. Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 2016; 375(18):1797\u20131799. 7. Marso,<br>Steven P., et al. Efficacy and Safety of Degludec versus Glargine in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 377, No 8, 24 Aug.<br>2017, pp 723\u2013732., doi:10.1056/nejmoa1615692. 8. Hart JT. Rule of Halves: implications of increasing diagnosis and reducing dropout for future<br>workload and prescribing costs in primary care. Br J Gen Pract 1992; 42(356):116-119. 9. Cities Changing Diabetes. Diabetes Projection Model,<br>Global. Data on file. Novo Nordisk. Incentive, ed. Holte, Denmark 2017. 10. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Popula-<br>tion Division (2015). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, (ST/ESA/SER.A/366). 11. Kaplan L, Golden A, Jinnett K, et al. Perceptions<br>of Barriers to Effective Obesity Care: Results from the National ACTION Study. Obesity 2017; DOI:10.1002/oby.22054. 12. \u201cObesity.\u201d Rethink<br>Obesity, Novo Nordisk, 2017, global.rethinkobesity.com/. Accessed 1 August 2017. 13. Michele M Yuen, et al. T-P-3166: A systematic review<br>and evaluation of current evidence reveals 236 obesity-associated disorders (ObAD). 14. Obesity and Overweight. Centers for Disease Control<br>and Prevention website. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/obesityoverweight.htm. Updated June 13, 2016. Accessed 1 August 2017. 15. Trust<br>for America\u2019s Health. F as in Fat: How obesity threatens America\u2019s future. http://healthyamericans.org/assets/-files/2012_f_as_in_fat_FINAL%20<br>ES%209-22-12.pdf. Published September 2012. Accessed May 2017. 16. Waters, Hugh, and Ross DeVoL. \u201cWeighing Down America: The Health<br>and Economic Impact of Obesity.\u201d Milken Institute, 30 Nov. 2016, www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/view/833.</p>\n<p id='134' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Market data on pp 6\u20138, 19, 30, 34, and 37\u201339 are from IMS MIDAS Health 2017.</p>\n<p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Design and production: ADtomic Communications. Printing: Bording PRO as, February 2018. Photography: Martin Juul, Willi Hansen, Jesper Edvardsen, Jesper<br>Westley J\u00f8rgensen, Andreas Houmann, Anders B\u00f8ggild, Ulrik Jantzen, Teresa Flanigan and Jens Lindhe.</p>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>FINANCIAL<br>CALENDAR<br>2018</p>\n<p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>22 MARCH<br>2018<br>Annual General<br>Meeting 2018</p>\n<p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>23 MARCH<br>2018<br>Ex-dividend</p>\n<p id='139' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>26 MARCH<br>2018<br>Record date</p>\n<p id='140' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>27 MARCH<br>2018<br>Payment, B shares</p>\n<p id='141' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>3 APRIL<br>2018<br>Payment, ADRs</p>\n<p id='142' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2 MAY<br>2018</p>\n<br><p id='143' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Financial Statements<br>for the first three<br>months of 2018</p>\n<p id='144' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>8 AUGUST<br>2018</p>\n<br><p id='145' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Financial Statements<br>for the first six months<br>of 2018</p>\n<p id='146' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>17 AUGUST<br>2018<br>Ex-dividend</p>\n<p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20 AUGUST<br>2018<br>Record date</p>\n<p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>21 AUGUST<br>2018<br>Payment, B shares</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2003270, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Item 2 \u2013 Material Changes</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>S ince our last annual amendment filed in March 2020, we have updated this brochure to address the<br>following areas:</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 We have updated our account minimums and the basis for assessing fees for including outside<br>accounts in our portfolio accounting and reporting.<br>\uf0b7 We have moved back to 1899 L St., NW Suite 850, Washington, DC 20036 as our primary<br>location for meeting clients.<br>\uf0b7 We started using Raffa Investment Advisers as our primary business name.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>W e will ensure that you receive a summary of material changes, if any, to this and subsequent disclosure<br>brochures within 120 days after our fiscal year ends. Our fiscal year ends on December 31 so you will<br>receive the summary of material changes, if any, no later than April 30 each year. At that time, we will<br>also offer a copy of the most current disclosure brochure. We may also provide other ongoing disclosure<br>information about material changes as necessary.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2</p>\n<br><footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>Raffa Wealth Management, LLC d/b/a Raffa Investment Advisers</footer>\n<br><footer id='13' style='font-size:14px'>Form ADV Part 2A Disclosure Brochure</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3574575, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Case 2:21-cv-13766-SDW-ESK Document 1 Filed 07/16/21 Page 8 of 23 PageID: 8</p>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To the Company's knowledge, the Company, its executive officers, directors or,<br>its controlling shareholder, or any third-party service providers have, directly or<br>indirectly:</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 not been involved in any way (including payment of a third-party) with the<br>creation or distribution of promotional materials, including the annual<br>predictions report, related to the Company and its securities; and</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 not sold or purchased (other than in than in private placements conducted<br>by the Company as described below) any shares of common stock of the<br>Company within the last 90 days. The Company\u2019s former service provider,<br>Inspiren Media LLC, originally acquired 5,000 shares of the Company on<br>July 25th, 2008 and sold on January 3rd, 2018, after termination of its<br>agreement with the Company. All activity in the Company\u2019s common stock<br>by the Company\u2019s executive officers, directors and controlling shareholders<br>has been disclosed by such officer, director and shareholder in the<br>Company\u2019s SEC Filings.</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Company was not involved in the creation, or directing the dissemination, of<br>the report. Through its investor relations agencies, the Company paid $90,005.25<br>between October 24th, 2017 and January 2rd, 2018, as part of its contractual<br>agreement to pay for out of pocket costs, including reimbursement of dissemination<br>related costs, incurred by the investor relations agency.</p>\n<br><h1 id='70' style='font-size:18px'>(Emphases added.)</h1>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>20. On March 13, 2018, RenovaCare filed its annual report on Form 10-K for the period</p>\n<h1 id='72' style='font-size:18px'>ended December 31, 2017. It stated, in relevant part:</h1>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Based on the evaluation, management, after evaluating the effectiveness of our<br>\u201cdisclosure controls and procedures\u201d (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)<br>and 15d-15(e)), have concluded that, as of December 31, 2017, our disclosure<br>controls and procedures were effective in providing reasonable assurance regarding<br>the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for<br>external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting<br>principles.</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>21. On April 12, 2019, RenovaCare filed its annual report on Form 10-K for the period</p>\n<br><h1 id='75' style='font-size:18px'>ended December 31, 2018. It stated, in relevant part:</h1>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Based upon that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Acting Principal<br>Financial Officer concluded, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual<br>Report that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to<br>material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting as discussed and</p>\n<footer id='77' style='font-size:18px'>7</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 830379, "type": "text", "content": "# Item 2 Material Changes\n\n\n \n\n# This statement refers to the disclosure brochure dated February 4, 2021.\n\n\n \n\nOur previous brochure was dated October 16, 2020. The following material\nchanges have been \nmade in this version of the brochure:\n\n\n \n\nItem 4 (Advisory Business): Updated our assets under management and number of\nclients \nas of the end of the previous year.\n\n\n \n\nItem 12 (Brokerage Practices): Inserted disclosure related to use of a third-\nparty platform to \nfacilitate management of held away assets such as defined contribution plan\nparticipant accounts.\n\n\nO ccidental Asset Management, LLC also doing business as OCCAM and Your Mental\nWealth \nCRD: 168650 \nFebruary 4, 2021\n\n\n \n\\- ii -\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 201348, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>Registered Investment Advisor<br>Disclosure Brochure</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:18px'>Item 1-Cover Page</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:18px'>Form ADV Part 2A</h1>\n<br><h1 id='3' style='font-size:20px'>March 29, 2016</h1>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of<br>Naarden Wealth Management. If you have any questions about the contents of this<br>Brochure, please contact us by phone at 208-232-5471 or by email to<br>tcorta@naardenwealth.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or<br>verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities<br>authority.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Naarden Wealth Management is a registered investment adviser. Registration of an<br>Investment Adviser does not imply any level of skill or training. The oral and written<br>communications of an Adviser provide you with information about which you determine to<br>hire or retain an Adviser.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Additional information about Naarden Wealth Management also is available on the SEC\u2019s<br>website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Naarden Wealth Management<br>109 N. Arthur, Suite 400<br>Pocatello, ID 83204<br>(208)-232-5471<br>www.naardenwealth.com</p>\n<footer id='8' style='font-size:14px'>i</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1830378, "type": "text", "content": "3:19-cv-01594-D Document 78 Filed 10/21/20 Page 19 of 115 PageID 1988 1988 \nCase 3:19-cv-01594-D \n19 \nPageID \n115 \n78 \n10/21/20 \nPage \nCase \nDocument \nof \nFiled\n\n\nConfidential\n\n\n \n\nExpert Report of Saul Solomon \nAugust 14, 2020\n\n\n26\\. Similar to the business model of BOG and Crude, Patriot also offered and\nsold working interest \nunits to investors in at least four prospects from March 2015 through April\n2016 (the \"Patriot \nPeriod\"), as reflected in Table 3 below. 63\n\n\nTable 3\n\n\n \n\nD. The Audits and Reverse Merger\n\n\n27\\. In connection with the anticipated reverse merger of BOG and BRC with\nBering Exploration \n(the \"Reverse Merger\") and the preparation ofrelated public filings with the\nSEC, 64 Rothstein \nwas engaged on April 24, 2013 to conduct an audit (the \"2011/2012 Audit\") of\nBreitling's \nfinancial statements for the years ended December 31,2011 and 2012 (the\n\"2011/2012Audited \nFinancials\"). 65 Pursuant to SEC rules, the filing of the financial statements\nneeded to be \ncompleted within 75 days of the December 9, 2013 Reverse Merger Date. 66\nRothstein began \nthe 2011/2012 Audit in October 2013 67 and issued an unqualified opinion on\nFebruary 14, \n2014\\. The 2011/2012 Audited Financials were included in BECC's Form 8-KJA\nfiling to the \nSEC. 68\n\n\n \n\n28\\. Furthermore, on December 17,2013, Breitling signed a letter to engage\nRothstein to perform \nan audit (the \"2013 Audit\") of its financial statements for the year ended\nDecember 31, 2013 \n(the \"2013 Audited Financials\"). 69 Immediately following the issuance of the\n2011/2012\n\n\n63 Declaration ofDustin MichaelMillerRodriguezdatedAugust 8,2017, ~~27 and 30. \n64 Deposition ofMichaelNymeyerdated June 18,2019,pp. 60 and62-64; Complaint,\n~8. \n65 SEC-RothKass-E-0004726-732 [SEC Exhlbit 95]. \n66 Item 9.0l(a)(4) ofForm 8-Keffectively requires the filingofthe financial\nstatements ofanacquired business within \n75 days of the acquisition. This 75-day deadline comprises of (1) the filing\nof Form 8-K providing notice of the \nacquisition itself m ustoccurwithin 4 business days of the acquisition; and\n(2)thenecessaryfinancial statements may \nbe filed within the initial Fonn 8-K or by an amendment within 71 calendar\ndays of the initial Fonn 8-K deadline. \nAlso see, Deposition ofMichaelNymeyerdatedJune 18, 2019, pp. 60; 62-64. \n67 Deposition ofMichaelNymeyerdatedAugust 3,2017,pp. 86-87. \n68 Breitling Energy Corporation, Form 8-K/ A dated February 14, 2014 [SEC\nExhibit 270]. \n69 SEC-RothKass-E-0002230-2236 [SEC Exhlbit 105].\n\n\nPage 12\n\n\n19\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2303366, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='16' style='font-size:14px'>Table of Contents</header>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Board of Directors and Stockholders<br>Navigant Consulting, Inc.:</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Navigant Consulting, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2014 and<br>2013, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), stockholders\u2019 equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year<br>period ended December 31, 2014. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have audited the financial statement schedule as<br>listed in the accompanying index. These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company\u2019s<br>management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that<br>we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes<br>examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting<br>principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits<br>provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Navigant Consulting,<br>Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period<br>ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule,<br>when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth<br>therein.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company\u2019s internal control<br>over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control \u2014 Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee<br>of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 13, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion on the<br>effectiveness of the Company\u2019s internal control over financial reporting.</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>/s/ KPMG LLP</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Chicago, Illinois<br>February 13, 2015</p>\n<br><footer id='25' style='font-size:18px'>F-2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2303255, "type": "text", "content": "Table of Contents\n\n\nReport of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm\n\n\n \n\nThe Board of Directors and Stockholders \nNavigant Consulting, Inc.:\n\n\n \n\nWe have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Navigant\nConsulting, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2014 and \n2013, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss),\nstockholders\u2019 equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year \nperiod ended December 31, 2014. In connection with our audits of the\nconsolidated financial statements, we have audited the financial statement\nschedule as \nlisted in the accompanying index. These consolidated financial statements and\nfinancial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company\u2019s \nmanagement. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated\nfinancial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.\n\n\n \n\nWe conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company\nAccounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that \nwe plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the\nfinancial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes \nexamining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in\nthe financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting \nprinciples used and significant estimates made by management, as well as\nevaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our\naudits \nprovide a reasonable basis for our opinion.\n\n\n \n\nIn our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above\npresent fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Navigant\nConsulting, \nInc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the results of\ntheir operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year\nperiod \nended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting\nprinciples. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, \nwhen considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements\ntaken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information\nset forth \ntherein.\n\n\n \n\nWe also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company\nAccounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company\u2019s internal control \nover financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria\nestablished in Internal Control \u2014 Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the\nCommittee \nof Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report\ndated February 13, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion on the \neffectiveness of the Company\u2019s internal control over financial reporting.\n\n\n \n\n/s/ KPMG LLP\n\n\n \n\nChicago, Illinois \nFebruary 13, 2015\n\n\n \nF-2\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2698867, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='6' style='font-size:20px'>Item 2 \u2013 Material Changes</h1>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T his Item of the Brochure discusses only specific material changes that are made to the Brochure since<br>the last annual update and provides clients with a summary of such changes.</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We do not have material changes for our current Brochure, however, please note that we have updated<br>the Assets Under Management information of Item 4 in accordance with the filing of our Annual Updating<br>Amendment on February 22, 2021.</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We will further provide you with a new Brochure as necessary based on changes or new information, at<br>any time, without charge.</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Currently, our Brochure may be requested by contacting Harold E. Briggs, Jr., President and Chief<br>Compliance Officer, at (401) 334-3400.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>(Brochure Date: 02/22/2021)<br>(Date of Most Recent Annual Updating Amendment: 02/22/2021)</p>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:14px'>ii</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Suppose you are evaluating the business practices of Naarden Wealth Management over the last decade. Utilizing the publication date of their brochure (March 29, 2016) and assuming a consistent schedule of reporting every four years, predict the subsequent reporting years up to and including 2024. What patterns do you observe, and how does this inform your assessment of the firm's report consistency?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 851, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1078351, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='31' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>DEPT 609 EARLY HDST EXPANSION-ARRA GRP LNACCOUNT DESCRIPTION</td><td colspan=\"2\">**** ACTUAL LAST YEAR ***** CURRENT MONTH YEAR-TO-DATE</td><td colspan=\"5\">*************** ACTUAL THIS YEAR**************** CURRENT MONTHPCT</td><td rowspan=\"2\">BUDGET</td><td rowspan=\"2\">UNENCUMB BALANCE</td></tr><tr><td>GAS SERVICE</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td></td><td>YEAR-TO-DATE</td><td>PCT</td><td>ENCUMBRANCE</td></tr><tr><td>30</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>5,000</td><td>5,000.00</td></tr><tr><td>31 ELECTRIC SERVICE</td><td>.00 .00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00 .00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00 .00</td><td>5,000</td><td>5,000.00 3,500.00</td></tr><tr><td>32 WATER SERVICE 33 TELEPHONE SERVICE</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>9.90</td><td></td><td>.00 19.73</td><td>1</td><td>.00</td><td>3,500 2,500</td><td>2,480.27</td></tr><tr><td>34 PEST CONTROL SERVICE</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>2,000</td><td>2,000.00</td></tr><tr><td>36 WASTE DISPOSAL & RECYCLNG</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>1,500</td><td>1,500.00</td></tr><tr><td>40 AUTOMOBILE MAINTENANCE</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>1,000</td><td>1,000.00</td></tr><tr><td>42 EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>260.00</td><td>52</td><td>260.00</td><td>52</td><td>.00</td><td>500</td><td>240.00</td></tr><tr><td>45 NON-CNTY BLDG REPAIR-MNT</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>720.00</td><td></td><td>1,460.22</td><td>1</td><td>.00</td><td>184,500</td><td>183,039.78</td></tr><tr><td>50 FACILITY/OFFICE RENTALS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>36.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>50,400</td><td>50,364.00</td></tr><tr><td>51 EQUIPMENT RENTALS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>5,200</td><td>5,200.00</td></tr><tr><td>52 OTHER SERVICE BY CONTRACT</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>3,000</td><td>3,000.00</td></tr><tr><td>70 LEGAL NOTICES,ADVERTISING</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>321.27</td><td>16</td><td>.00</td><td>2,000</td><td>1,678.73</td></tr><tr><td>85 PHOTOCOPY SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>30.80</td><td>12</td><td>152.85</td><td>61</td><td>.00</td><td>250</td><td>97.15</td></tr><tr><td>87 INDIRECT COSTS / OVERHEAD</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>2,645.92</td><td>7</td><td>4,683.46</td><td>13</td><td>.00</td><td>36,929</td><td>32,245.54</td></tr><tr><td>92 CONTRIBUTIONS & GRANTS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>66.50</td><td>44</td><td>.00</td><td>150</td><td>83.50</td></tr><tr><td>93 DUES AND LICENSES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>859.70</td><td>58</td><td>1,475.70</td><td>100</td><td>.00</td><td>1,476</td><td>.30</td></tr><tr><td>95 CONFERENCES & TRAINING</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>14,696.85</td><td>53</td><td>18,927.29</td><td>68</td><td>.00</td><td>27,774</td><td>8,846.71</td></tr><tr><td>533 * SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>19,513.52</td><td>5</td><td>35,590.47</td><td>9</td><td>.00</td><td>378,179</td><td>342,588.53</td></tr><tr><td>534 SERVICES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11 FOOD SERVICE</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>1,250</td><td>1,250.00</td></tr><tr><td>58 LANDSCAPING SERVICE/MAINT</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>1,500</td><td>1,500.00</td></tr><tr><td>59 JANITORIAL SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>3,500</td><td>3,500.00</td></tr><tr><td>69 PARENT ACTIVITIES/TRAVEL</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>192.09</td><td>19</td><td>192.09</td><td>19</td><td>.00</td><td>1,000</td><td>807.91</td></tr><tr><td>76 PARKING LOT/SIDEWLK MAINT</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>750</td><td>750.00</td></tr><tr><td>534 * SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>192.09</td><td>2</td><td>192.09</td><td>2</td><td>.00</td><td>8,000</td><td>7,807.91</td></tr><tr><td>530 **SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>19,705.61</td><td>5</td><td>35,782.56</td><td>9</td><td>.00</td><td>386,179</td><td>350,396.44</td></tr><tr><td>540 CAPITAL OUTLAY 544 CAPITAL OUTLAY</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>30 AUTOMOBILES, VEHICLES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>25,000</td><td>25,000.00</td></tr><tr><td>32 OTHER EQUIPMENT</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>1,435.00</td><td>29</td><td>1,435.00</td><td>29</td><td>.00</td><td>5,000</td><td>3,565.00</td></tr><tr><td>33 FURNISHINGS, OFFICE EQUIP</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>1,524.74</td><td>15</td><td>1,524.74</td><td>77</td><td>6,130.00</td><td>10,000</td><td>2,345.26</td></tr><tr><td>544 * CAPITAL OUTLAY</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>2,959.74</td><td>7</td><td>2,959.74</td><td>23</td><td>6,130.00</td><td>40,000</td><td>30,910.26</td></tr><tr><td>540 **CAPITAL OUTLAY</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>2,959.74</td><td>7</td><td>2,959.74</td><td>23</td><td>6,130.00</td><td>40,000</td><td>30,910.26</td></tr><tr><td>DEPT 609 TOTAL</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>42,526.54</td><td>4</td><td>72,279.70</td><td>9</td><td>28,401.49</td><td>1,111,806</td><td>1,011,124.81</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='32' style='font-size:14px'>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>></h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1270786, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='1' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">Actual Information</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Account Number</td><td>Description of Account</td><td>Annual Budget</td><td>Current Month Actual</td><td>Year-to-Date Actual</td><td>Year-to-Date Variance</td><td>Percent of Annual Budget</td><td>Footnotes</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>REVENUES:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Over/(Under)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>338000</td><td>Management Fees - Intergovernmental</td><td>$ 5,648,855</td><td>$ 470,721</td><td>$ 2,824,529</td><td>$ (2,824,326)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>338000</td><td>Fees for Services - Intergovernmental</td><td>21,035,968 938,963</td><td>1,752,994</td><td>10,518,004</td><td>(10,517,964)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>338000</td><td>Tech Service Fees - Intergovernmental</td><td>746,690</td><td>62,226</td><td>373,334</td><td>(373,356)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341301</td><td>Admin Fees from Developer</td><td>144,468</td><td>12,039</td><td>72,234</td><td>(72,234)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341302</td><td>Recreation Fees from Developer</td><td>1,222,840</td><td>101,903</td><td>611,422</td><td>(611,418)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341307</td><td>Tech Service Fees from Developer</td><td>39,272</td><td>3,273</td><td>19,634</td><td>(19,638)</td><td>49.99%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341308</td><td>Tech Service Fees from CSU</td><td>29,167</td><td>2,431</td><td>14,581</td><td>(14,586)</td><td>49.99%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341309</td><td>Tech Service Fees from SWCA</td><td>142</td><td>12</td><td>70</td><td>(72)</td><td>49.30%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341310</td><td>Admin Service Fees from CSU</td><td>204,224</td><td>17,019 Capital</td><td>102,110</td><td>(102,114)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341311</td><td>Admin Service Fees from SWCA</td><td>9,004</td><td>750 FF&E</td><td>4,504</td><td>(4,500)</td><td>50.02%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341312</td><td>Admin Service Fees from FWCA</td><td>16,194</td><td>1,350</td><td>8,094</td><td>(8,100)</td><td>49.98%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341313</td><td>Admin Service Fees from Tri-County Sntn</td><td>8,348</td><td>696</td><td>4,172</td><td>(4,176)</td><td>49.98%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341314</td><td>Admin Service Fees from SSU</td><td>26,039</td><td>2,170</td><td>13,019</td><td>(13,020)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341315</td><td>Tech Service Fees from FWCA</td><td>2,119</td><td>177</td><td>1,057</td><td>(1,062)</td><td>49.88%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341316</td><td>Tech Service Fees from SSU</td><td>3,144</td><td>262</td><td>1,572</td><td>(1,572)</td><td>50.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341317</td><td>Community Watch from Developer</td><td>470,502</td><td>44</td><td>268</td><td>(470,234)</td><td>0.06%</td><td>A</td></tr><tr><td>341900</td><td>Other General Government Charges</td><td>42,000</td><td>13,132</td><td>38,483</td><td>(3,517)</td><td>91.63%</td><td>B</td></tr><tr><td>361110</td><td>Interest Income</td><td>60,500</td><td>23,927</td><td>124,600</td><td>64,100</td><td>205.95%</td><td>C</td></tr><tr><td>361307</td><td>Unrealized Gain or Loss- LTIP 257,100</td><td>-</td><td>17,039</td><td>(6,870)</td><td>(6,870)</td><td>0.00%</td><td>D</td></tr><tr><td>366010</td><td>Donations - Other</td><td>35,000</td><td>4,360</td><td>26,614</td><td>(8,386)</td><td>76.04%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Total Revenues: Vehicles</td><td>$ 29,744,476</td><td>$ 2,486,525</td><td>$ 14,751,431</td><td>$ (14,993,045)</td><td>49.59%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>EXPENDITURES :</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Under/(Over)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500100</td><td>Salaries and Wages</td><td>$ 18,275,797</td><td>$ 1,307,210</td><td>$ 8,049,977</td><td>$ 10,225,820</td><td>44.05%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500200</td><td>Employee Benefits</td><td>5,860,425</td><td>146,211</td><td>2,696,404</td><td>3,164,021</td><td>46.01%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Subtotal Personal Service Expenses</td><td>24,136,222</td><td>1,453,421</td><td>10,746,381</td><td>13,389,841</td><td>44.52%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500310</td><td>Professional Services</td><td>486,778</td><td>23,983</td><td>186,386</td><td>300,392</td><td>38.29%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500340</td><td>Other Contractual Services</td><td>1,160,476</td><td>132,078</td><td>576,624</td><td>583,852</td><td>49.69%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500400</td><td>Travel & Per Diem</td><td>71,087</td><td>3,901</td><td>18,858</td><td>52,229</td><td>26.53%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500410</td><td>Communications & Freight Services</td><td>425,757</td><td>27,631</td><td>134,315</td><td>291,442</td><td>31.55%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500430</td><td>Utilities Services</td><td>100,772</td><td>6,251</td><td>38,936</td><td>61,836</td><td>38.64%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500440</td><td>Rentals & Leases</td><td>834,484</td><td>66,962</td><td>408,713</td><td>425,771</td><td>48.98%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500460</td><td>Repairs & Maintenance Services</td><td>312,386</td><td>20,158</td><td>91,947</td><td>220,439</td><td>29.43%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500470</td><td>Printing & Binding</td><td>211,745</td><td>2,227</td><td>72,789</td><td>138,956</td><td>34.38%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500480</td><td>Promotional Activities</td><td>339,430</td><td>9,296</td><td>93,544</td><td>245,886</td><td>27.56%</td><td>E</td></tr><tr><td>500490</td><td>Other Current Charges</td><td>37,272</td><td>-</td><td>13,791</td><td>23,481</td><td>37.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500510</td><td>Office Supplies</td><td>73,886</td><td>5,460</td><td>25,125</td><td>48,761</td><td>34.01%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500520</td><td>Operating Supplies</td><td>1,037,040</td><td>40,958</td><td>330,301</td><td>706,739</td><td>31.85%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500540</td><td>Books, Publications, Subscriptions & Dues</td><td>135,013</td><td>15,265</td><td>46,102</td><td>88,911</td><td>34.15%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500642 500600</td><td></td><td>450,853</td><td></td><td></td><td>3,188,695 418,470</td><td>38.99%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>7.18%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500641</td><td>Subtotal Operating Expenses</td><td>5,226,126</td><td>354,170 -</td><td>2,037,431 32,383 257,100</td><td>681,863 1,100,333</td><td>27.38% G 20.83%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Capital Project Expense Total Expenditures</td><td>1,389,816 $ 30,752,164</td><td>257,100 $ 2,064,691</td><td>289,483 $ 13,073,295</td><td>$ 17,678,869</td><td>42.51%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>F Change in Unreserved Net Position</td><td>$ (1,007,688)</td><td>$ 421,834</td><td>$ 1,678,136</td><td>$ 2,685,824</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"7\">Change in Unreserved Net Position indicates a budgeted use of Working Capital.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"8\"></td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 595679, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Access Services<br>Budget by Cost Center<br>Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2022</p>\n<br><table id='9' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td>Expenses</td><td>% of Total Budget</td><td>% of Oper Costs</td></tr><tr><td>CONTRACT MGMT</td><td>$182,423,741</td><td>83.0%</td><td>89.8%</td></tr><tr><td>Salaries & Related Expense</td><td>$2,140,371</td><td>1.0%</td><td>1.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Travel Training</td><td>$906,184</td><td>0.4%</td><td>0.4%</td></tr><tr><td>Promotions/Events</td><td>$297,052</td><td>0.1%</td><td>0.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Printed Materials</td><td>$168,000</td><td>0.1%</td><td>0.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Office Rent</td><td>$156,612</td><td>0.1%</td><td>0.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Vehicle Costs</td><td>$84,996</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Communications</td><td>$82,200</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Insurance</td><td>$39,588</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Postage/Mailing</td><td>$26,004</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Professional Services</td><td>$20,004</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Other Related Employee Expense</td><td>$18,000</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Travel and Conference</td><td>$8,004</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Office/Kitchen Supplies</td><td>$6,780</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Other Expense</td><td>$4,200</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Business Meetings & Meals</td><td>$480</td><td>0.0%</td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td>CONTRACT MGMT Total</td><td>$3,958,475</td><td>1.8%</td><td>1.9%</td></tr><tr><td>Total Operating Budget</td><td>$203,055,843</td><td>92.4%</td><td>100.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Capital</td><td></td><td>83.0%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Capital - Federal 5310</td><td>$15,776,650</td><td>7.2%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Capital - Local</td><td>$830,350</td><td>0.4%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Capital Total</td><td>$16,607,000</td><td>7.6%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total Operating and Capital Budget</td><td>$219,662,843</td><td>100.00%</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<table id='10' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>PASSENGER AND REVENUE STATISTICS</td><td>FY22</td></tr><tr><td>Projected # of Passengers</td><td>3,240,253</td></tr><tr><td>Projected # of Contract Revenue Miles</td><td>26,672,877</td></tr><tr><td>Projected # of Trips</td><td>2,536,173</td></tr><tr><td>Average Trip Distance</td><td>10.52</td></tr><tr><td>Total Purchased Transportation Cost per Passenger</td><td>$51.11</td></tr><tr><td>Total Purchased Transportation Cost per Trip*</td><td>$65.30</td></tr><tr><td>Total Purchased Transportation Cost per Contract Revenue Mile*</td><td>$6.21</td></tr><tr><td>Total Agency Cost per Passenger before Capital</td><td>$62.67</td></tr><tr><td>Eligibility Determinations (2020 In-person incl)</td><td>55,530</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='11' style='font-size:14px'>3</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2786472, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='5' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>GRP LNACCOUNT DESCRIPTION</td><td>**** ACTUAL LAST CURRENT MONTH</td><td>YEAR ***** YEAR-TO-DATE</td><td>*************** CURRENT MONTHPCT</td><td>ACTUAL</td><td>THIS YEAR-TO-DATE</td><td>YEAR**************** PCT</td><td>ENCUMBRANCE</td><td>BUDGET</td><td>UNENCUMB BALANCE</td></tr><tr><td>510 PERSONNEL</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>511 SALARIES AND WAGES</td><td></td><td>19,514.16</td><td>2,251.84</td><td></td><td>19,140.64</td><td>65</td><td>.00</td><td>29,274</td><td>10,133.36</td></tr><tr><td>01 ELECTED OFFICIAL SALARY 02 APPOINTED OFFICIAL SALARY</td><td>2,168.24 9,903.05</td><td>82,525.21</td><td>10,200.00</td><td>8 8</td><td>83,708.00</td><td>63</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>06 PER DIEM</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5</td><td>33,345.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>132,600</td><td>48,892.00</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>1,170.00</td><td>27,405.00</td><td>2,340.00</td><td></td><td></td><td>69</td><td>.00</td><td>48,000</td><td>14,655.00</td></tr><tr><td>511 * SALARIES AND WAGES</td><td>13,241.29</td><td>129,444.37</td><td>14,791.84</td><td>7</td><td>136,193.64</td><td>65</td><td>.00</td><td>209,874</td><td>73,680.36</td></tr><tr><td>513 FRINGE BENEFITS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20 EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMNT/RECOG</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>280.00</td><td>7</td><td>416.44</td><td>10</td><td>.00</td><td>4,000</td><td>3,583.56</td></tr><tr><td>513 * FRINGE BENEFITS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>280.00</td><td>7</td><td>416.44</td><td>10</td><td>.00</td><td>4,000</td><td>3,583.56</td></tr><tr><td>510 **PERSONNEL</td><td>13,241.29</td><td>129,444.37</td><td>15,071.84</td><td>7</td><td>136,610.08</td><td>64</td><td>.00</td><td>213,874</td><td>77,263.92</td></tr><tr><td>520 COMMODITIES 522 COMMODITIES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>03 BOOKS,PERIODICALS & MAN.</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>680</td><td>680.00</td></tr><tr><td>44 EQUIPMENT LESS THAN $5000</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>182.76</td><td>91</td><td>.00</td><td>200</td><td>17.24</td></tr><tr><td>522 * COMMODITIES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>182.76</td><td>21</td><td>.00</td><td>880</td><td>697.24</td></tr><tr><td>520 **COMMODITIES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>182.76</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>880</td><td>697.24</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td></td><td>21</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>530 SERVICES 533 SERVICES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>03 ATTORNEY/LEGAL SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>6,036.63</td><td>44</td><td>.00</td><td>13,642</td><td>7,605.37</td></tr><tr><td>07 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>675.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>8,424.07</td><td>50</td><td>.00</td><td>16,750</td><td>8,325.93</td></tr><tr><td>08 CONSULTING SERVICES 12 JOB-REQUIRED TRAVEL EXP</td><td>.00 193.70</td><td>.00 4,707.08</td><td>.00 311.31</td><td>4</td><td>10,000.00 4,551.32</td><td>67 65</td><td>.00 .00</td><td>15,000 7,000</td><td>5,000.00 2,448.68</td></tr><tr><td>33 TELEPHONE SERVICE</td><td>95.75</td><td>756.88</td><td>104.68</td><td>9</td><td>933.41</td><td>78</td><td>.00</td><td>1,200</td><td>266.59</td></tr><tr><td>50 FACILITY/OFFICE RENTALS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>50.00</td><td>100</td><td>.00</td><td>50</td><td>.00</td></tr><tr><td>70 LEGAL NOTICES,ADVERTISING</td><td>578.48</td><td>1,828.29</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>4,263.58</td><td>71</td><td>.00</td><td>6,000</td><td>1,736.42</td></tr><tr><td>84 BUSINESS MEALS/EXPENSES</td><td>.00</td><td>73.11</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>53.33</td><td>56</td><td>.00</td><td>96</td><td>42.67</td></tr><tr><td>93 DUES AND LICENSES</td><td>.00</td><td>49,710.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>48,051.00</td><td>96</td><td>.00</td><td>50,000</td><td>1,949.00</td></tr><tr><td>95 CONFERENCES & TRAINING</td><td>14.37</td><td>81.79</td><td>66.67</td><td>3</td><td>2,642.06</td><td>100</td><td>.00</td><td>2,643</td><td>.94</td></tr><tr><td>533 * SERVICES</td><td></td><td>57,832.15</td><td>482.66</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>112,381</td><td>27,375.60</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>882.30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>85,005.40</td><td>76</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>534 SERVICES</td><td></td><td>6,004.40</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>10,000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>98 M.L.KING EVENT EXPENSES 534 * SERVICES</td><td>.00 .00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>9,232.04 9,232.04</td><td>92 92</td><td>.00</td><td>10,000</td><td>767.96 767.96</td></tr><tr><td>530</td><td></td><td>6,004.40</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>94,237.44</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>122,381</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>**SERVICES</td><td>882.30</td><td>63,836.55</td><td>482.66</td><td></td><td></td><td>77</td><td></td><td></td><td>28,143.56</td></tr><tr><td>540 CAPITAL OUTLAY 544 CAPITAL OUTLAY</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>33 FURNISHINGS, OFFICE EQUIP</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>28</td><td>28.00</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2951632, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='7' style='font-size:22px'>Proposed FY22 Budget</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>23</p>\n<table id='9' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">OPERATING EXPENSES</td><td rowspan=\"2\">FY 2020 Actual</td><td colspan=\"2\">FY 2021</td><td rowspan=\"2\">FY 2022 Budget</td><td colspan=\"2\">% Change % Change Proj to Bgt</td></tr><tr><td>Budget</td><td>Projected</td><td>Bgt to Bgt</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Personnel Expenses</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Salaries</td><td>4,971,469</td><td>5,167,573</td><td>5,078,167</td><td>5,353,289</td><td>3.6%</td><td>5.4%</td></tr><tr><td>Retirement - CalPERS</td><td>1,320,603</td><td>1,526,507</td><td>1,518,300</td><td>1,673,728</td><td>9.6%</td><td>10.2%</td></tr><tr><td>Healthcare (Medical / Dental)</td><td>773,236</td><td>828,892</td><td>844,413</td><td>880,034</td><td>6.2%</td><td>4.2%</td></tr><tr><td>Retiree Healthcare</td><td>582,553</td><td>531,716</td><td>531,716</td><td>535,748</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other Personnel Expenses</td><td>226,648</td><td>241,058</td><td>241,263</td><td>255,132</td><td>5.8%</td><td>5.7%</td></tr><tr><td>(less: capitalized labor)</td><td>(69,628)</td><td>(507,651)</td><td>(125,000)</td><td>(120,000)</td><td>-76.4%</td><td>-4.0%</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='10' style='font-size:20px'>Retiree Healthcare - $535,748</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 FY22 retiree healthcare costs are actuarially determined & based on two-year prior payroll information. Staff will be<br>working with the District\u2019s actuary to update liabilities in FY22, which will determine FY23 and FY24 contributions /<br>liability.</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:20px'>Other Personnel Expenses - $255,132</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Other personnel expenses include Medicare contributions, long-term (LTD) / short-term disability (STD) insurance, life<br>insurance, worker\u2019s compensation, and employee assistance program costs. The increase from the FY21 Budget is<br>primarily due to approximately $10,000 increase in worker\u2019s compensation costs, $3,000 in Medicare costs due to the<br>payroll increase, and a $4,200 increase in LTD / STD insurance, among others.</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:20px'>Other Personnel Expenses \u2013 ($120,000)</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 595680, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Access Services<br>Budget Comparison by Expenditure<br>Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2022</p>\n<br><table id='13' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>Category</td><td>FY21 Projection</td><td>FY21 Budget</td><td>FY22 Budget</td></tr><tr><td>Purchased Transportation</td><td>$137,069,715</td><td>$119,271,483</td><td>$169,100,800</td></tr><tr><td>Salaries & Related Expense</td><td>$8,747,325</td><td>$8,695,392</td><td>$9,524,491</td></tr><tr><td>Insurance</td><td>$6,987,691</td><td>$7,103,844</td><td>$7,028,628</td></tr><tr><td>Eligibility and Appeals</td><td>$4,063,544</td><td>$4,631,218</td><td>$6,040,752</td></tr><tr><td>Contracted Customer Service</td><td>$1,821,760</td><td>$2,160,549</td><td>$2,160,549</td></tr><tr><td>Professional Services</td><td>$1,444,847</td><td>$1,343,880</td><td>$1,646,352</td></tr><tr><td>NW & Telecom Maintenance</td><td>$1,313,178</td><td>$1,710,760</td><td>$1,549,612</td></tr><tr><td>Communications</td><td>$1,059,842</td><td>$1,499,248</td><td>$1,342,434</td></tr><tr><td>Office Rent</td><td>$1,007,989</td><td>$1,039,356</td><td>$1,042,452</td></tr><tr><td>Travel Training</td><td>$533,308</td><td>$794,121</td><td>$906,184</td></tr><tr><td>Printed Materials</td><td>$345,952</td><td>$606,012</td><td>$598,008</td></tr><tr><td>Vehicle Costs</td><td>$289,977</td><td>$262,500</td><td>$447,996</td></tr><tr><td>Promotions/Events</td><td>$181,401</td><td>$388,196</td><td>$391,192</td></tr><tr><td>Postage/Mailing</td><td>$175,111</td><td>$353,400</td><td>$293,400</td></tr><tr><td>Security</td><td>$200,000</td><td>$200,000</td><td>$200,000</td></tr><tr><td>Tether Pilot Program</td><td></td><td>$84,549</td><td>$180,481</td></tr><tr><td>Other Expense</td><td>$117,762</td><td>$109,236</td><td>$126,680</td></tr><tr><td>Other Related Employee Expense</td><td>$134,760</td><td>$98,600</td><td>$111,600</td></tr><tr><td>Travel and Conference</td><td>$500</td><td>$77,496</td><td>$84,516</td></tr><tr><td>Temporary Personnel</td><td>$39,375</td><td>$66,600</td><td>$66,600</td></tr><tr><td>Business Meetings & Meals</td><td>$1,762</td><td>$57,024</td><td>$60,000</td></tr><tr><td>Repair & Maintenance</td><td>$7,354</td><td>$31,200</td><td>$56,200</td></tr><tr><td>Office/Kitchen Supplies</td><td>$23,501</td><td>$45,012</td><td>$48,016</td></tr><tr><td>Board Compensation</td><td>$11,150</td><td>$35,904</td><td>$36,900</td></tr><tr><td>Provision For Income Tax</td><td>$6,000</td><td>$12,000</td><td>$12,000</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL OPERATING EXPENDITURES</td><td>$165,583,805</td><td>$150,677,579</td><td>$203,055,843</td></tr><tr><td>Year over Year Percent Change</td><td>-10.0%</td><td>-18.1%</td><td>22.6%</td></tr><tr><td>CAPITAL EXPENDITURES</td><td>$3,459,305</td><td>$13,200,000</td><td>$16,607,000</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL OPERATING & CAPITAL EXPENDITURES</td><td>$ 169,043,110</td><td>$ 163,877,579</td><td>$ 219,662,843</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:14px'>4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 39900, "type": "text", "content": "# \"Core\" Iowa Mental Health and Disability Services (MHDS)\n\n\n \n\n# 29,038\n\n\n# 51.9%\n\n\n \n\n# $54.3 M\n\n\n$1,869\n\n\n50.0%\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3445494, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='12' style='font-size:18px'>Expenditures by Function<br>Comparison FY21 to FY22</h1>\n<br><table id='13' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Category</td><td>FY21 Budget</td><td>FY22 Budget</td><td>Difference</td><td>% Change</td></tr><tr><td>Instruction</td><td>26,523,273</td><td>25,509,188</td><td>(1,014,085)</td><td>-3.82%</td></tr><tr><td>Supporting Services:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Students</td><td>2,248,507</td><td>2,210,013</td><td>(38,494)</td><td>-1.71%</td></tr><tr><td>Instructional Staff</td><td>638,180</td><td>686,200</td><td>48,020</td><td>7.52%</td></tr><tr><td>Central Administration</td><td>505,658</td><td>832,819</td><td>327,161</td><td>64.70%</td></tr><tr><td>School Administration</td><td>1,895,892</td><td>1,867,901</td><td>(27,991)</td><td>-1.48%</td></tr><tr><td>Central Services</td><td>350,709</td><td>367,740</td><td>17,031</td><td>4.86%</td></tr><tr><td>Operational & Maintenance</td><td>4,358,979</td><td>5,114,361</td><td>755,382</td><td>17.33%</td></tr><tr><td>Student Transportation</td><td>4,504,698</td><td>4,473,472</td><td>(31,226)</td><td>-0.69%</td></tr><tr><td>Food Services</td><td>44,550</td><td>34,090</td><td>(10,460)</td><td>-23.48%</td></tr><tr><td>Community Services</td><td>47,277</td><td>26,120</td><td>(21,157)</td><td>-44.75%</td></tr><tr><td>Capital Outlay</td><td>1,976,924</td><td>1,450,000</td><td>(526,924)</td><td>-26.65%</td></tr><tr><td>Debt Service:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Principal Retirement</td><td>93,384</td><td>70,907</td><td>(22,477)</td><td>-24.07%</td></tr><tr><td>Interest and Fiscal Charges</td><td>25,278</td><td>21,911</td><td>(3,367)</td><td>-13.32%</td></tr><tr><td>Transfers</td><td>520,598</td><td>519,792</td><td>(806)</td><td>-0.15%</td></tr><tr><td>Reserves</td><td>1,678,302</td><td>1,617,455</td><td>(60,847)</td><td>-3.63%</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL</td><td>$ 45,412,209</td><td>$ 44,801,969</td><td>$ (610,240)</td><td></td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1304607, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='15' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>GRP LNACCOUNT DESCRIPTION</td><td colspan=\"2\">**** ACTUAL LAST YEAR ***** CURRENT MONTH YEAR-TO-DATE</td><td colspan=\"2\">*************** ACTUAL CURRENT MONTHPCT</td><td colspan=\"3\">THIS YEAR**************** YEAR-TO-DATE PCT ENCUMBRANCE</td><td>BUDGET</td><td>UNENCUMB BALANCE</td></tr><tr><td>510 **PERSONNEL</td><td>.00</td><td>36,449.52</td><td>20,463.34</td><td>13</td><td>80,600.58</td><td>51</td><td>.00</td><td>156,827</td><td>76,226.42</td></tr><tr><td>520 COMMODITIES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>522 COMMODITIES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>01 STATIONERY & PRINTING</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>151.86</td><td>15</td><td>.00</td><td>1,000</td><td>848.14</td></tr><tr><td>02 OFFICE SUPPLIES</td><td>.00</td><td>444.20</td><td>155.91</td><td>5</td><td>1,610.51</td><td>54</td><td>.00</td><td>3,000</td><td>1,389.49</td></tr><tr><td>03 BOOKS,PERIODICALS & MAN.</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>800.00</td><td>46</td><td>.00</td><td>1,750</td><td>950.00</td></tr><tr><td>06 POSTAGE, UPS, FED EXPRESS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>18.70</td><td>1</td><td>18.70</td><td>1</td><td>.00</td><td>1,500</td><td>1,481.30</td></tr><tr><td>15 GASOLINE & OIL</td><td>.00</td><td>166.96</td><td>215.97</td><td>6</td><td>1,248.53</td><td>32</td><td>.00</td><td>3,850</td><td>2,601.47</td></tr><tr><td>44 EQUIPMENT LESS THAN $1000</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>1,720</td><td>1,720.00</td></tr><tr><td>93 OPERATIONAL SUPPLIES</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>300</td><td>300.00</td></tr><tr><td>522 * COMMODITIES</td><td>.00</td><td>611.16</td><td>390.58</td><td>3</td><td>3,829.60</td><td>29</td><td>.00</td><td>13,120</td><td>9,290.40</td></tr><tr><td>520 **COMMODITIES</td><td>.00</td><td>611.16</td><td>390.58</td><td>3</td><td>3,829.60</td><td>29</td><td>.00</td><td>13,120</td><td>9,290.40</td></tr><tr><td>530 SERVICES 533 SERVICES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>.00</td><td>432.00</td><td>480.00</td><td>39</td><td>1,140.00</td><td>93</td><td>.00</td><td>1,230</td><td>90.00</td></tr><tr><td>07 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 12 JOB-REQUIRED TRAVEL EXP</td><td>.00</td><td>796.24</td><td>198.36</td><td>10</td><td>1,869.78</td><td></td><td></td><td>2,000</td><td>130.22</td></tr><tr><td>18 NON-EMPLOYEE TRAINING,SEM</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>115.64</td><td>17</td><td>549.16</td><td>93 78</td><td>.00</td><td>700</td><td>150.84</td></tr><tr><td>29 COMPUTER/INF TCH SERVICES</td><td></td><td>763.15</td><td></td><td>7</td><td></td><td>51</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>5,662.50</td></tr><tr><td>33 TELEPHONE SERVICE</td><td>.00 .00</td><td>3,188.00</td><td>820.00</td><td></td><td>5,837.50 2,472.31</td><td>41</td><td>.00</td><td>11,500 6,000</td><td>3,527.69</td></tr><tr><td>40 AUTOMOBILE MAINTENANCE</td><td>.00</td><td>927.66 53.72</td><td>334.64 21.00</td><td>6 11</td><td>21.00</td><td></td><td>.00 .00</td><td>200</td><td>179.00</td></tr><tr><td>42 EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE</td><td>.00</td><td>179.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>11</td><td></td><td>200</td><td>200.00</td></tr><tr><td>51 EQUIPMENT RENTALS</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00 .00</td><td>150</td><td>150.00</td></tr><tr><td>52 OTHER SERVICE BY CONTRACT</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>1,500.00</td><td>100</td><td>1,500.00</td><td>100</td><td>.00</td><td>1,500</td><td>.00</td></tr><tr><td>70 LEGAL NOTICES,ADVERTISING</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>370.20</td><td>74</td><td>.00</td><td>500</td><td>129.80</td></tr><tr><td>84 BUSINESS MEALS/EXPENSES</td><td>.00</td><td>41.64</td><td>239.10</td><td>37</td><td>430.07</td><td>66</td><td>.00</td><td>650</td><td>219.93</td></tr><tr><td>85 PHOTOCOPY SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>1,631.43</td><td>143.38</td><td>8</td><td>1,087.98</td><td>62</td><td>.00</td><td>1,750</td><td>662.02</td></tr><tr><td>92 CONTRIBUTIONS & GRANTS</td><td>.00</td><td>472.71</td><td>219.00</td><td>9</td><td>1,910.06</td><td>76</td><td>.00</td><td>2,500</td><td>589.94</td></tr><tr><td>93 DUES AND LICENSES</td><td>.00</td><td>75.00</td><td>2,500.00</td><td>66</td><td>3,700.00</td><td>97</td><td>.00</td><td>3,800</td><td>100.00</td></tr><tr><td>95 CONFERENCES & TRAINING</td><td>.00</td><td>1,699.65</td><td>753.98</td><td>10</td><td>3,418.64</td><td>47</td><td>.00</td><td>7,250</td><td>3,831.36</td></tr><tr><td>533 * SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>10,260.20</td><td>7,325.10</td><td>18</td><td>24,306.70</td><td>61</td><td>.00</td><td>39,930</td><td>15,623.30</td></tr><tr><td>534 SERVICES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>38 EMRGNCY SHELTER/UTILITIES</td><td>.00</td><td>3,294.81</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>.00</td><td>3,500</td><td>3,500.00</td></tr><tr><td>39 RPC SCHOLARSHIPS & AWARDS</td><td>.00</td><td>2,000.00</td><td>1,250.00</td><td>50</td><td>1,250.00</td><td>50</td><td>.00</td><td>2,500</td><td>1,250.00</td></tr><tr><td>534 * SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>5,294.81</td><td>1,250.00</td><td>21</td><td>1,250.00</td><td>21</td><td>.00</td><td>6,000</td><td>4,750.00</td></tr><tr><td>530 **SERVICES</td><td>.00</td><td>15,555.01</td><td>8,575.10</td><td>19</td><td>25,556.70</td><td>56</td><td>.00</td><td>45,930</td><td>20,373.30</td></tr><tr><td>540 CAPITAL OUTLAY 544 CAPITAL OUTLAY</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>33 FURNISHINGS, OFFICE EQUIP</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>5,622.12</td><td>100</td><td>.00</td><td>5,623</td><td>.88</td></tr><tr><td>544 * CAPITAL OUTLAY</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td>.00</td><td></td><td>5,622.12</td><td>100</td><td>.00</td><td>5,623</td><td>.88</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3599421, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='25' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"3\">Actual Information</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan=\"2\"></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Account Number</td><td>Description of Account</td><td>Annual Budget</td><td>Current Month Actual</td><td>Year-to-Date Actual</td><td>Year-to-Date Percent of Variance Annual Budget</td><td>Footnotes</td></tr><tr><td>REVENUES:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Over/(Under)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">338095 Refund - General Fund</td><td>$ 409,800</td><td>$ -</td><td>$ -</td><td>$ (409,800)</td><td>0.00%</td></tr><tr><td>341318 Amenity Fees</td><td></td><td>37,228,747</td><td>3,152,284</td><td>3,152,284</td><td>(34,076,463) 8.47%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>341900 Other General Government Charges</td><td></td><td>247,984</td><td>22,849</td><td>22,849 (225,135)</td><td>9.21%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>342900 Other Public Safety Charges & Fees</td><td></td><td>108,200</td><td>15,037</td><td>15,037</td><td>(93,163) 13.90%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>347200 Parks & Recreation Fees & Charges</td><td></td><td>1,414,700</td><td>106,507 106,507</td><td>(1,308,193)</td><td>7.53%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>347900 Other Culture/Recreation</td><td></td><td>2,500</td><td>- -</td><td>(2,500)</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>354001 Deed Compliance Fines</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>- -</td><td>-</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>361100 Interest Income</td><td></td><td>22,000</td><td>8,482 -</td><td>8,482 (13,518)</td><td>38.55%</td><td>A</td></tr><tr><td>361404 Realized Gain/Loss - FMIvT</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>- - -</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>361406 Realized Gain/Loss - FLGIT 362000 Rentals & Royalties</td><td></td><td>- 618,754</td><td>53,142</td><td>- 53,142</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>364001 Disposition of Fixed Assets</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>(565,612) -</td><td>8.59% 0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>366000 Contributions & Donations</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>- -</td><td>-</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total Revenues:</td><td></td><td>40,052,685</td><td>3,358,301</td><td>3,358,301 (36,694,384)</td><td>0.00% 8.38%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>361304 Unrealized Gain or Loss- FMIvT</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>- -</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>361306 Unrealized Gain or Loss- FLGIT</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>361307 Unrealized Gain or Loss- LTIP</td><td></td><td>-</td><td>- - -</td><td>-</td><td>0.00% 0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total Available Resources:</td><td></td><td>$ 40,052,685 $ 3,358,301</td><td>$ 3,358,301</td><td>$ (36,694,384)</td><td>8.38%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>EXPENSES :</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Under/(Over)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>513311 Administrative Services</td><td>$ 1,369,700</td><td>$ 114,149</td><td>$ 114,149 $ 1,255,551</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>529311 Community Watch Services</td><td></td><td>2,500,177</td><td>208,349</td><td>208,349 2,291,828</td><td>8.33% 8.33%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>539311 Property Management Services</td><td></td><td>682,802</td><td>56,902 56,902</td><td>625,900</td><td>8.33%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>572311 Recreation Services</td><td></td><td>2,812,404</td><td>234,367</td><td>234,367</td><td>2,578,037</td><td>8.33%</td></tr><tr><td>500312 Engineering Services</td><td></td><td>74,026</td><td>-</td><td>- 74,026</td><td>0.00% 0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500313 Legal Services</td><td></td><td>200,000</td><td>- -</td><td>200,000</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500316 Deed Compliance Services</td><td></td><td>67,211</td><td>5,601</td><td>5,601 61,610</td><td>8.33%</td><td>8.33%</td></tr><tr><td>500318 Technology Services</td><td></td><td>304,562 25,382</td><td>25,382</td><td>279,180</td><td>8.33%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500319 Other Professional Services</td><td></td><td>47,503</td><td>- 644,750</td><td>47,503 2,000,000</td><td>3.73%</td><td>0.00%</td></tr><tr><td>500310 Subtotal Professional Services</td><td></td><td>8,058,385</td><td>644,750</td><td>7,413,635</td><td>8.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500320 Accounting & Auditing Services</td><td></td><td>38,298 -</td><td>-</td><td>38,298</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500340 Other Contractual Services</td><td></td><td>3,118,716</td><td>202,454</td><td>202,454 2,916,262</td><td></td><td>6.49%</td></tr><tr><td>500410 Communications & Freight Services</td><td></td><td>149,413 8,932</td><td>8,932</td><td>140,481</td><td>5.98%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500430 Utilities Services</td><td></td><td>1,559,199</td><td>46,827 46,827 532</td><td>1,512,372</td><td></td><td>3.00%</td></tr><tr><td>500440 Rentals & Leases 500450 Casualty & Liability Insurance</td><td></td><td>39,422 712,799</td><td>60,108</td><td>532 60,108</td><td>38,890 652,691</td><td>1.35%</td></tr><tr><td>500460 Repairs & Maintenance Services</td><td></td><td>7,811,345</td><td>377,636</td><td>377,636</td><td></td><td>8.43%</td></tr><tr><td>500470 Printing & Binding</td><td></td><td>210,960</td><td>-</td><td>7,433,709</td><td>4.83%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500480 Promotional Activities</td><td></td><td>- 68,820</td><td>975</td><td>210,960 67,845</td><td>0.00% 1.42%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500490 Other Current Charges</td><td></td><td>133,429</td><td>975 1,444</td><td></td><td>1.08%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500510 Office Supplies</td><td></td><td></td><td>1,444</td><td>131,985 16,250</td><td></td><td>0.00%</td></tr><tr><td>500520 Operating Supplies</td><td></td><td>16,250 1,250,500</td><td>- -</td><td>- -</td><td>1,250,500</td><td>0.00%</td></tr><tr><td>Subtotal Operating Expenses</td><td></td><td>15,109,151</td><td>698,908</td><td>698,908</td><td>14,410,243</td><td>4.63%</td></tr><tr><td>Total Operating & Professional Expenses</td><td></td><td>23,167,536</td><td>1,343,658</td><td>1,343,658</td><td>21,823,878 5.80%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>435,928</td><td>-</td><td></td><td>435,928</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500622 Buildings</td><td></td><td></td><td>- 800</td><td>588,282</td><td>0.00%</td><td>0.14%</td></tr><tr><td>500633 Infrastructure</td><td></td><td>589,082 154,240</td><td>800</td><td>154,240</td><td>0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500642 Capital FF&E</td><td></td><td></td><td>-</td><td>1,178,450</td><td>0.07%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>B 0.00%</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>-</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>800</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Subtotal Capital Outlay</td><td>1,179,250</td><td>800</td><td>3,609</td><td>(3,609) 0.00%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500991 Projects 500710 Debt Service Principal</td><td>Settlement</td><td>- 8,485,000</td><td>3,609 -</td><td>- 573,183 -</td><td>8,485,000 6,305,011 - 14,790,011</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>500721 Debt Service Interest 500730 Miscellaneous Bond Expense 500911</td><td>Subtotal Non-operating Expenses Transfer to General R&R</td><td>6,878,194 - 15,363,194</td><td>573,183 - 573,183 166,674</td><td>573,183 166,674</td><td>1,833,326 8.33% 1,833,326 8.33%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Subtotal Transfers Total Expenses</td><td>2,000,000 $ 41,709,980 $ 2,087,924</td><td>166,674 $</td><td>166,674 2,087,924</td><td>$ 39,622,056 5.01%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Change in Unreserved Net Position</td><td>$ (1,657,295) $ 1,270,377</td><td>$</td><td>1,270,377 $ 2,927,672</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"6\">Change in Unreserved Net Position indicates a budgeted Uses of Working Capital of ($478,045) and Unrestricted R&R General Reserve ($1,179,250).</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If the per capita expense decreases by 5% annually, how much will the expense per capita be in two years and how many more people can be served if the total budget remains constant and the total served today is 29,038?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 855, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 232407, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is under<br>and misdiagnosed, because of the asymptomatic<br>presentation, radiological and intra-operative<br>simulation of the features of disseminated<br>abdomino-pelvic malignancies.</p>\n<br><footer id='26' style='font-size:20px'>157</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1370107, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='111' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis<br>using histological standard of reference. Radiol Med<br>2020;125:406-15.<br>29. Liu J, Liu X, He J, et al. Percutaneous contrast-enhanced<br>ultrasound for localization and diagnosis of sentinel lymph<br>node in early breast cancer. Sci Rep 2019;9:13545.<br>30. Xie F, Zhang DJ, Cheng L, et al. Intradermal microbubbles<br>and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a feasible<br>approach for sentinel lymph node identification in early-<br>stage breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015;13:319.<br>31. Matsuzawa F, Omoto K, Einama T, et al. Accurate<br>evaluation of axillary sentinel lymph node metastasis<br>using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with Sonazoid<br>in breast cancer: a preliminary clinical trial. Springerplus<br>2015;4:509.<br>32. Rubaltelli L, Khadivi Y, Tregnaghi A, et al. Evaluation of<br>lymph node perfusion using continuous mode harmonic<br>ultrasoography with a second-generation contrast agent. J<br>Ultrasound Med 2004;23:829-36.<br>33. Aoki T, Moriyasu F, Yamamoto K, et al. Image of tumor<br>metastasis and inflammatory lymph node enlargement<br>by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. World J Radiol<br>2011;3:298-305.<br>34. Maruyama T, Sugii M, Omata D, et al. Effect of lipid<br>shell composition in DSPG-based microbubbles on<br>blood flow imaging with ultrasonography. Int J Pharm<br>2020;590:119886.<br>35. Yanagisawa K, Moriyasu F, Miyahara T, et al. Phagocytosis<br>of ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles by Kupffer<br>cells. Ultrasound Med Biol 2007;33:318.<br>36. Watanabe R, Matsumura M, Munemasa T, et al.<br>Mechanism of hepatic parenchyma-specific contrast of<br>microbubble-based contrast agent for ultrasonography:<br>microscopic studies in rat liver. Invest Radiol<br>2007;42:643-51.<br>37. Machado P, Stanczak M, Liu JB, et al. Subdermal<br>ultrasound contrast agent injection for sentinel lymph node<br>identification: an analysis of safety and contrast agent dose<br>in healthy volunteers. J Ultrasound Med 2018;37:1611-20.</p>\n<footer id='112' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a9 Gland Surgery. All rights reserved.</footer>\n<br><footer id='113' style='font-size:14px'>Gland Surg 2021;10(5):1638-1645 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/gs-21-87</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 422612, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Introduction</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Being considered as a common benign uterine<br>disorder, Adenomyosis (AD) is defined as the presence<br>of endometrial gland and stroma within the<br>myometrium in more than 2.5 mm of depth, which is<br>surrounded by reactive fibrosis, hyperplastic and<br>hypertrophic smooth muscle (1). AD is mostly<br>diagnosed in multiparous women in their 30s or 40s;<br>although, it can occur in nulligravid women, and for<br>cultural and emotional issues, these women are<br>unwilling to hysterectomy. Because it is mostly<br>determined by pathologic examination after<br>hysterectomy, the prevalence of AD is different,<br>ranging between 10% to 66% (2). Based on<br>histological evaluations, AD is classified into the<br>localized (focal) or diffuse; when the whole<br>myometrium or more than half of it, is involved. Its<br>main symptoms include secondary progressive</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, chronic pelvic pain, and<br>infertility (3). Management of AD comprises long-term<br>hormonal therapy, intrauterine device, gonadotropin-<br>releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, analgesic, and<br>finally, hysterectomy (4). Hysterectomy is the most<br>common choice, especially in those women with<br>complete family planning; however, the patients' desire<br>for future fertility makes us perform conservative<br>surgeries, which results in uterine preservation. This<br>study aims to describe the management of diffuse AD<br>in a 36-year-old virgin female by triple flap technique<br>and levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD)<br>insertion.</p>\n<footer id='24' style='font-size:18px'>Volume 6, Spring 2021</footer>\n<br><footer id='25' style='font-size:18px'>Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 426112, "type": "text", "content": "# Contents\n\n\n \n\n# Contents continued continued\n\n\nSalvage Treatment with Intracerebrospinal Fluid Thiotepa in Patients with\nLeptomeningeal Metastasis After \nFailure of Methotrexate-based Treatment. K.-M. CHO, Y.J. KIM, S.H. KIM, J.W.\nKIM, J.-O. LEE, J.H. \nHAN, K.-W. LEE, J.H. KIM, C.-Y. KIM, S.-M. BANG, I.-A. KIM, J.S. KIM, J.-S.\nLEE (Seongnam; \nSeoul, Republic of Korea)\n................................................................................................................\n5631 \nPreoperative Lower Body Mass Index Correlates with Poorer Prognosis in\nPatients Undergoing Curative \nLaparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer. R. URATANI, Y. TOIYAMA, T.\nSHIMURA, K. MORI, H. \nFUJIKAWA, J. HIRO, M. OHI, Y. INOUE, K. TANAKA, T. ARAKI, Y. MOHRI, M.\nKUSUNOKI (Mie, \nJapan)\n...........................................................................................................................................\n5639 \nHematogenous Splenic Metastases as an Independent Negative Prognosis Factor at\nthe Moment of Primary \nCytoreduction in Advanced Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer \u2013 A Single Center\nExperience. N. \nBACALBASA, I. BALESCU, S. DIMA, V. BRASOVEANU, I. POPESCU (Bucharest, Romania)\n.......... 5649 \nDiagnostic Accuracy of Tumor Markers CYFRA21-1 and CA125 in the Differential\nDiagnosis of Ascites. J. \nTRAP\u00c9, G. GURT, J. FRANQUESA, J. MONTESINOS, A. ARNAU, M. SALA, F. SANT, E.\nCASADO, \nJ.M. ORDEIG, C. BERGOS, F. VIDA, P. SORT, \u00c1. ISAVA, M. GONZ\u00c1LEZ, R. MOLINA\n(Manresa; \nVic; Barcelona, Spain)\n....................................................................................................................\n5655 \nTissue Biomarkers in Predicting Response to Sunitinib Treatment of Metastatic\nRenal Cell Carcinoma. I. \nTR\u00c1VN\u00cd\u010cEK, J. BRAN\u017dOVSK\u00dd, K. KALUSOV\u00c1, O. HES, L. HOLUBEC, K.B. PELE, T. \u00dcRGE,\nM. \nHORA (Pilsen, Czech Republic)\n.......................................................................................................\n5661 \nDrug-resistance Profile in Multiple-relapsed Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic\nLeukemia. M. POGORZALA, \nM. KUBICKA, B. RAFINSK, M. WYSOCKI, J. STYCZYNSKI (Bydgoszcz, Poland)\n........................... 5667 \nRelative Uptake Factor of Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer in Breast-specific\nGamma Imaging as a Surrogate \nParameter for Sub-typing. T. MEISSNITZER, M.W. MEISSNITZER, A. SEYMER, K.\nHERGAN, D. \nNEUREITER (Salzburg, Austria)\n.....................................................................................................\n5671 \nDetection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Locally Advanced High-risk Prostate\nCancer During Neoadjuvant \nChemotherapy and Radical Prostatectomy. M. THALGOTT, B. RACK, T. HORN, M.M.\nHECK, M. \nEIBER, H. K\u00dcBLER, M. RETZ, J.E. GSCHWEND, U. ANDERGASSEN, R. NAWROTH (Munich, \nGermany).......................................................................................................................................\n5679 \nNutritional Supplement Based on Zinc, Prebiotics, Probiotics and Vitamins to\nPrevent Radiation-related \nGastrointestinal Disorders. D. SCARTONI, I. DESIDERI, I. GIACOMELLI, V. DI\nCATALDO, L. DI \nBRINA, A. MANCUSO, I. FURFARO, P. BONOMO, G. SIMONTACCHI, L. LIVI (Florence,\nItaly) ..... 5687 \nHypofractionated Image-guided Radiation Therapy (3Gy/fraction) in Patients\nAffected by Inoperable \nAdvanced-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Long-term Follow-up. L.\nAGOLLI, M. VALERIANI, S. \nBRACCI, L. NICOSIA, V. DE SANCTIS, R.M. ENRICI, M.F. OSTI (Rome, Italy)\n.............................. 5693 \nDefining the Optimal Dose of Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Treating Cerebral\nMetastases in Elderly Patients. \nD. RADES, M. DAHLKE, L. DZIGGEL, S. JANSSEN, A. BAJROVIC, N.T. TRANG, M.T.\nKHOA, S.E. \nSCHILD (L\u00fcbeck; Hannover; Hamburg, Germany; Hanoi, Vietnam; Scottsdale, AZ,\nUSA) ....................... 5701 \nErrata\n............................................................................................................................................\n5705 \n5707\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 232408, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Trop J Obstet Gynaecol, 32 (1), April 2015</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Thus it must be considered as a differential diagnosis<br>in cases of multiple peritoneal nodules. Absence of<br>ascites and intra-operative frozen sections carried out<br>when available will reduce embarking on<br>unnecessary radical surgeries, which may worsened<br>patients clinical condition post-operatively.</p>\n<h1 id='29' style='font-size:18px'>REFERENCES</h1>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1) Bekkers RL, Willemsen WN, Schijf CP,<br>Massuger LF, Bulten JM. Leiomyomatosis<br>peritonealis disseminata: does malignant<br>transformation occur? A literature review.<br>Gynecol Oncol. 1999; 75 (1): 158-63<br>2) Kang SS, Jung HW, Chung JE, Chung KS. A<br>case of Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis<br>Disseminata. Korean J. Obstet Gynecol Jul; 42<br>(7): 1595-1598<br>3) Single G, Gordon-Harris, Frazer GB, Walker<br>S O. Case Report: \u201cLeiomyomatosis<br>Peritonealis Disseminata\u201d Online Journal of<br>Health and Allied Sciences, 2010 Vol 9 (2): 12<br>4) Takeda T, Masuhara K, Kamiura S.<br>Successful management of a Leiomyomatosis<br>peritonealis Disseminata with an aromatase<br>inhibitor. Obstet Gynecol. 2008; Aug; 112(2):<br>491-3<br>5) Atilio Baez-Gangreco, Mohammad A, El<br>Sharkawy T, Al Harbi O, Haddad R.<br>Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata.<br>Annals of Saudi Medicine, 2000: vol 20 (5-<br>6):440-442<br>6) Gedda MAM, Piantavirha AG, Coutinho RT,<br>Mendonca, Gustario de Vasconcelos B.<br>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis Disseminata. A<br>case report. Radiol Bras. 2008; 4(5):349-351<br>7) Wilso JR, Peale AR. Multiple Peritonealis<br>Leiomyomas associated with a granulosa-cell<br>tumor of the ovary. Am J. Obstet Gynecol.<br>1952;64:204-8<br>8) Taubert HD, Wissner SE, Haskins AL,</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata an</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>9)</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>u n u s u a l c o m p l i c a t i o n o f g e n i t a l<br>leiomyomata. Obstet Gynecol 1965; 25:61-<br>74<br>Dim CC, Akogu SP, Ezegwui HU, Olusina<br>D B . L e i o m y o m a t o s i s P e r i t o n e a l i s<br>Disseminata in a Nigeria woman. Niger Med<br>J. 2012;53:172-4<br>10) Halama N, Grauling \u2013Halama SA, Daboul<br>I. Familial clustering of Leiomyomatosis<br>peritonealis Disseminata:an unknown genetic<br>s y n d r o m e ? B M C C a s t r o e n t e r o l o g y.<br>2005;5:33.<br>11) AI-Talib A, Tulandi T. Pathophysiology and<br>possible Iatrogenic cause of Leiomyomatosis<br>Peritonealis Disseminata. Gynecol Obstet .<br>Invest. 2010;69;239-49<br>12) Ezeome ER, Mannini F, Olusina BD.<br>Progressive Leiomyomatoasis peritonealis<br>Disseminata (LPD). A case report and review<br>o f l i t e r a t u r e . T r o p . J O b s t e t<br>Gynecol.2006;22:197-9.<br>13). Toriyama A, Ishida M, Amano T, Nakagawa<br>T, Kakuis Iwai M, Yoshida K, Kagotani A,<br>Takahashi K, MurakaniA, Okabe H.<br>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis Disseminata<br>coexisting with endometriosis within the<br>same lesions: a case report with review of the<br>literature. Int. J Clin Exp. Pathol. 2013<br>Nov.15;6(12):2949-54.</p>\n<footer id='34' style='font-size:18px'>158</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 232404, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:14px'>Trop J Obstet Gynaecol, 32 (1), April 2015</header>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>LEIOMYOMATOSIS PERITONEALIS DESSEMINATA AN INCIDENTAL FINDING<br>DURING AN EMERGENCY CEASAREAN SECTION IN A PRIVATE HEALTH CARE<br>FACILITY IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.</p>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:20px'>* Awolola O. O., ** Ogbuokiri C . M.</h1>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>*Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, State specialist Hospital, Asubiaro, Osogbo. Osun State.<br>Nigeria.<br>**Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Havanna Specialist Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria.</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>ABSTRACT</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare benign smooth muscle tumor that clinically and<br>macroscopically simulates disseminated intra-abdominal or pelvic malignancy. It occurs predominantly in<br>women of child bearing age and mostly discovered incidentally. A 33 year old G2P1 +o lady with previous<br>myomectomy had an emergency ceasarean section for cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) at term. Findings<br>at surgery were consistent with disseminated intra-abdominal malignancy, however histology report showed<br>leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata. Her follow-up radiologically for 6 month was uneventful.<br>Keywords: Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata (LPD), Myomectomy, Ceasarean section,<br>Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), Omentectomy, Havana Specialist Hospital,</p>\n<h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>INTRODUCTION</h1>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare<br>clinical condition that is characterized<br>macroscopically by multiple small nodules on<br>abdominal and pelvic peritoneum. It mimic<br>disseminated intra-abdominal or pelvic malignancy,<br>especially ovarian malignancy. [1,2,3]<br>It is often an incidental finding, during laparotomy or<br>pelvic surgeries. Thus the incidence quoted in<br>literature may be far lower than the actual incidence<br>of the disease. It is common during the reproductive<br>age or during the use of oral contraceptive pills. [4,5,6,7,8]<br>Prolonged exposure or high dose use of oestrogen<br>has been suggested as the primary factor for it<br>development. Extensive or radical surgeries are<br>usually not necessary especially when the patient<br>still desires pregnancy.<br>This paper report a quite rare case of<br>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata in a young</p>\n<br><h1 id='8' style='font-size:18px'>primiparous woman from the south western part of<br>Nigeria.</h1>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>CASE REPORT</h1>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>She was a booked 33 year old G2P1 +o lady, with 1,<br>living child with previous myomectomy. She<br>booked the pregnancy at 12 weeks gestation and<br>had 10 uneventful antenatal care clinic visits. The<br>routine antenatal heamatological and biochemical<br>investigations were essentially normal. Obstetric<br>ultrasound scan at 12, 22 and 36 weeks gestations<br>were normal.<br>Her last pregnancy was in 2009, it was</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Correspondence: Dr. Olalekan .O. Awolola,<br>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, State<br>Specialist Hospital, Asubiaro Osogbo. Osun State,<br>Nigeria. Email Address: godhealawo@yahoo.com</p>\n<footer id='12' style='font-size:18px'>155</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2226031, "type": "text", "content": "Tripathy BMC Medicine (2015) 13:223\n\n\n \nPage 2 of 4\n\n\ncoronary disease? Oophorectomy is clearly associated \nwith a lower risk of breast cancer, albeit at a cost of \nsymptoms and possible longer-term effects of estrogen \ndeficiency, such as osteoporosis [2]. In our breast cancer \nseries, Vogel summarizes the long history of the devel- \nopment of selective estrogen receptor modulators \n(SERMs) as breast cancer treatment and, ultimately, pre- \nvention [3]. In the case of invasive breast cancer, SERMs \nand aromatase inhibitors, through different mechanisms, \nreduce recurrence of breast cancer by one half and mor- \ntality by one third. In the preventive setting, however, \nthe pivotal trials could not practically be powered for \nsurvival impacts. Yet this raises the key question as to \nwhether these preventive therapies are simply delaying \nthe clinical onset of breast cancer or actually preventing \nit. It may not make a difference to the individual whose \ncancer is delayed as to never surface clinically in their \nlifetime. However, hormonal suppression may simply shift \nselective pressures in other directions\u2014as suggested by re- \ncent preliminary findings of non-significantly higher estro- \ngen receptor-negative breast cancer rates in the IBIS-I \ntamoxifen prevention trial [4]. Still, a 30\u201350 % reduction \nin breast cancer with 5 years of preventive therapy, con- \nsistent across multiple trials, is a big public health triumph \ngiven the morbidity associated with treatments. But even \nthough tamoxifen and raloxifene are approved and rec- \nommended for breast cancer prevention for those at \neven modestly elevated risk, they are remarkably under- \nutilized [5]. Ongoing refinements of SERMs designed to \nimpact other estrogen-associated outcomes, primarily \nbone and cardiovascular, are a priority, yet challenging \ngiven the size and follow times required of the trials. \nDevelopment of more sophisticated risk models and \nvalidated surrogate biomarkers may allow for more effi- \nciently designed trials in the future.\n\n\n \n\nThere is overwhelming evidence that adjuvant hormonal \ntherapy with tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors have im- \nproved mortality from hormone receptor-positive early \nstage breast cancer [6, 7]. Predictors of response other than \nquantitative measures of estrogen receptor expression [8], \nhowever, remain obscure. Artigal\u00e1s et al. [9] present a sys- \ntematic review and meta-analysis of inherited polymor- \nphisms of CYP19A1, the gene encoding aromatase. This \nenzyme is present in peripheral tissue\u2014particularly in adi- \npose tissue\u2014and converts androgens to estrogens as the \nprimary source of these hormones in postmenopausal \nwomen (and men). Serum estrogen levels are therefore re- \nlated to body mass index, a known risk factor for breast \ncancer and breast cancer recurrence\u2014even possibly in \nmale breast cancer as suggested by Humphries et al. [10]. \nHence, it is postulated that certain inherited functional var- \niants of CYP19A1 are related to estrogen levels, risk of \nbreast and uterine cancer, and outcomes in hormone \nreceptor-positive breast cancer [11\u201313]. This overview of\n\n\n \n\n12 studies, which included early, neoadjuvant, and ad- \nvanced stage cohorts, showed that the rs4646 single \nnucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was associated with \napproximately a doubling time to disease progression, \nwhile associations seen with other SNPs in individual \nstudies did not emerge as significant [9]. This study by \nArtigal\u00e1s et al. illustrates the need to assess large numbers \nof studies to make genomic\u2013phenotype associations from \nbroad-scale searches. Their study was limited in size and \nalso by the fact that many SNPs were only reported in one \nor few of the studies. In addition, associations from data \nmining exercises need to be confirmed functionally in \ncell-based or animal models, with the acknowledgement \nthat these are also not perfect and could in fact miss im- \nportant drivers of physiological behavior. Then, further \nsupportive validation needs to be made, preferably from \nprospective controlled trials.\n\n\n \n\nIn the metastatic setting, tamoxifen and aromatase in- \nhibitors, along with the estrogen receptor down-regulator \nfulvestrant are all effective in transiently halting progres- \nsion of disease, although resistance ultimately develops \nwith a wide range of median times to disease progression \namong patients. Migliaccio et al. have reviewed the evolu- \ntion of hormonal therapies and more recent developments \nin combinations of different hormonal therapies [14]. Sev- \neral pathways have been shown to interact with those me- \ndiated by the estrogen receptor, primarily growth-factor \npathways as well as the central control of the cell cycle, \nwhich are also intimately tied to growth and metabolic \npathways as well as multiple other inputs. The last few \nyears have witnessed the development of several drugs \nthat modulate these pathways and augment the clinical \nbenefit of hormonal blockade. Yamamoto-Ibusuki et al. \nhave summarized the background and recent trial results, \nshowing doubling of progression-free survival but, inter- \nestingly, no impact on overall survival from the addition \nof the mTOR inhibitor everolimus to aromatase inhibitor \ntherapy [15\u201317]. More recently, the cyclin-dependent \nkinase 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib has been shown to pro- \nduce even larger augmentations of progression-free sur- \nvival\u2014both in the first-line setting when added to \nletrozole [18] and in the second-line setting when \nadded to fulvestrant [19], but, again, without survival \nbenefits at this point in follow-up, possibly due to the \nlimited number of deaths seen so far. Both everolimus \nand palbociclib are in or entering trials in the adjuvant \nsetting\u2014these finding are eagerly awaited to address \nthe critical questions as to whether metastases and death \nfrom breast cancer can be lowered with acceptable toxic- \nities over and above the remarkable gains already achieved \nwith hormonal therapy alone. As Yamamoto-Ibusuki et al. \npoint out, much more work is needed to decipher other \ncomponents of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway as newer \ndrugs directly inhibit PI3K, or specifically the p110\u03b1\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 232406, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='19' style='font-size:14px'>Trop J Obstet Gynaecol, 32 (1), April 2015</header>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>risk factors such as child bearing age utilization of<br>combined oral contraceptive pills, long period of<br>exposure to oestrogen, presence of uterine fibroids,<br>granulosa cell tumour of the ovary, endometrial<br>carcinoma or hormone therapy has been<br>implicated. [1,4,11,12] Assisted reproductive technology<br>is also a risk factor because of the high serum<br>oestrogen concentration due to ovarian hyper<br>stimulation. LPD is believed to be as a result of<br>hormonal imbalance, since oestrogen and<br>progesterone receptors were found within the cells<br>of the lesion. [5] The mode of development of LPD has<br>been proposed as the unusual sensitivity of the<br>coelomic tissue undergoing plastic changes. This<br>explain the possibility of it occurrence with<br>endometriosis in the same patient. [5,13] The regression<br>of LPD after delivery or discontinuation of<br>combined oral contraceptive pills, bilateral<br>oophorectomy, corroborated the involvement of<br>these risk factors in the development of LPD. This<br>patient had myomectomy 6 years prior to the<br>detection of the disease and had used combined oral<br>contraceptive pills for more than 6 months before the<br>last pregnancy.<br>Radiological investigations such as abdomino-<br>pelvic ultrasound scan, Computed Tomography<br>(CT) scan and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI)<br>are useful non-invasive radiological tools to make a<br>diagnosis. [13] Although the results of these<br>investigations may mimick wide spread intra-<br>peritoneal malignancy. The definitive diagnosis of<br>LPD is by histology of surgical specimen. [13]<br>Interestingly, this patient had 3 obstetrics ultrasound<br>scans at 12, 22 and 36 weeks gestations which did<br>not show this pathology, possibly the sizes of the<br>nodules of LPD may be too small for the resolution<br>of the ultrasound scan.<br>Although most of the patients with Leiomyomata</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>peritonealis disseminata are often subjected to</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>radical surgeries such as salpingo-oophorectomy,</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Omentectomy, Myomectomy and debulking of<br>abdominal and pelvic nodules, these procedures are<br>often over treatment and their accompanied<br>morbidities may worsened the patients clinical<br>condition. [5,9] . Conservative management may just<br>be adequate, especially when there are no clinical<br>intraoperative findings suggestive of malignancy<br>such as ascites, invasion of adjacent tissues or when<br>facility for intra-operative frozen section is<br>available. [5] The disease often regresses after the<br>removal of the hormonal stimuli. However<br>management should be individualized based on the<br>patients clinical state, parity and age.<br>Other management modalities include the use of<br>gonadotropin releasing hormone argonists,<br>megestrol acetate, danazol and raloxifene, although<br>response to these therapy is poor. [9] Aromatase<br>inhibitor such as anastrozole has showed good<br>results in controlling tumor growth and symptoms.<br>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata may<br>regress spontaneously or may regress following<br>radical resections such as total abdominal<br>h y s t e r e c t o m y, b i l a t e r a l o o p h o r e c t o m y,<br>omentectomy, myomectomy, debulking nodules<br>or it may re-occur or undergo malignant<br>transformation in rare cases.<br>We decided to manage this patient conservatively,<br>while awaiting histology report, when we consider<br>the patients clinical state and intra-operation<br>findings such as the absence of weight loss and<br>ascites. The paracolic gutters and the ovaries were<br>also grossly normal. She had 6 months of<br>uneventful post-operation follow-up</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>CONCLUSION</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 422609, "type": "text", "content": "Azam Tarafdari et al., 97\n\n\nsurrounding myometrium by grasping by Martin \nForceps. The uterus was then reconstructed by the \ntriple flap technique. An LNG-IUD (Mirena, Bayer \nCo., Germany) was applied intraoperatively in uterine \ncavity for the prevention of future AD recurrence. She \nwas administered with four units of packed red blood \ncells intraoperatively. During the postoperative period, \nno signs and symptoms of fever and hemorrhage were \nnoted. In the 6-month follow-up visit, the uterine size \nwas decreased significantly (the uterine size was \nequivalent to 12 weeks of gestation), the hemoglobin \nlevel was alleviated (hemoglobin level of 12.5 g/dL), \nand menstrual cycles was normal without any \nabnormal bleeding.\n\n\n# Discussion\n\n\n \n\nThe treatment of AD is a step-by-step strategy, starting \nwith conservative management of symptoms with \nmedication, followed by conservative surgery, and \nfinally, hysterectomy. The main limitation of the \nmedication is the potential recurrence of the symptoms, \nas the medications cause the AD regress and not \neradicate. In severe cases refractory to medical \ntreatment, conservative surgery has been considered, \nespecially in patients who want to preserve fertility. The \ngoal of conservative surgery is to restore normal \nanatomy and physiology of the uterus, preserve fertility, \neliminate severe symptoms, and improve the patient\u2019s \nquality of life. The triple flap technique was first \ndescribed by Osada in 2011 (5); this technique was \nperformed on 104 patients with high efficacy in \nsymptom elimination, fertility preservation, and low rate \nof relapse (5). Few studies have been done to evaluate \nthe efficacy of this technique in patients with diffuse \nAD. Another study on 113 women operated with this \ntechnique indicated that the blood flow becomes normal \nwithin six months, and from 62 women who became \npregnant, 32 normal babies were delivered by cesarean \nsection. No uterine rupture was reported, and recurrence \nof AD occurred for four patients (6). This technique was \napplied by Kim et al. for a 44-year-old woman with huge \nAD and pelvic adhesion (7). In 2020, Kaplunov et al. \nused this technique for 41 women with diffuse AD (8); \nAD was associated with hysteromyoma in 51.2% of \npatients. They concluded that this technique is a good \nalternative technique for hysterectomy in these patients \n(8). Similar to our patient, Tskhay et al. in 2019, this \ntechnique is studied in 26 women with AD; they \nreported that in the 18-months follow-up period, the \nmenstruation became normal and the AD signs and \nsymptoms disappeared in all patients, three patients \nbecame pregnant spontaneously, and two of them \ndelivered full-term babies following the cesarean section \n(9); in contrast, our patient had no delivery post- \noperatively because she was virgin. Wiweko et al. in \n2016, studied 40 women with AD treated by AD \nresection (with/without Osada\u2019s technique) and who \nwere underwent hysterectomy (10). They concluded that \nconservative surgery is efficient for symptom relief and\n\n\n \n\npreserving fertility (10). Several operative and \npostoperative complications could be considered for this \ntechnique; as AD has an unclear border with normal \nmyometrium, the small vessels in the mass could result \nin remarkable hemorrhage, which leads to blood \ntransfusion intra and postoperatively and even converts \nto hysterectomy, in our patient severe hemorrhage did \nnot occur; four units of packed red blood cells were \ntransfused; additionally, according to the extent of the \nlesion, uterine rupture in the following pregnancy could \noccur. However, as seen in our patient, the flap \ntechniques did not cause extra morbidities, including the \noccurrence of the hematoma, dehiscence of the uterine \nscar, or adhesions (11). The LNG-IUD releases \nprogesterone into the uterus, which is effective for five \nyears; it downregulates the uterine estrogen and \nprogesterone receptors, which brings about the \nendometrial proliferative antagonism (3). This could \nhelp to alleviate the symptoms in women with AD and \nprevent AD relapse in the future.\n\n\n# C onclusion\n\n\n \n\nThe application of the triple flap technique and LNG- \nIUD in this patient was associated with excellent \nresults; the wide excision of the lesion leads to \nsymptom improvement, especially hypermenorrhea \nand dysmenorrhea; besides, the reconstruction of the \nuterine wall with this technique increases the risk of the \npossibility of future pregnancy for our patient. Besides, \ncomplications such as hemorrhage did not occur. For \nthe prevention of future AD recurrence, LNG-IUD was \nadministered. The 6-months follow-up period was \nsatisfying, the size of the uterine was decreased, and \nthe symptoms were disappeared\n\n\n# A cknowledgments\n\n\n \n\nNone\n\n\n# C onflict of Interest\n\n\n \n\nThe authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to \nthis article\n\n\n# R eferences\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Harada T, Khine YM, Kaponis A, Nikellis T, \nDecavalas G, Taniguchi F. The impact of \nadenomyosis on women's fertility. Obstet \nGynecol Surv. 2016;71(9):557. \n[DOI:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000346]\n\n\n \n\n[PMID] [PMCID]\n\n\n \n\n2\\. Vercellini P, Vigan\u00f2 P, Somigliana E, Daguati R, \nAbbiati A, Fedele L. Adenomyosis: \nepidemiological factors. Best Pract Res Clin \nObstet Gynaecol. 2006;20(4):465-77. \n[DOI:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.01.017] [PMID]\n\n\nVolume 6, Spring 2021\n\n\n \nJournal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 232405, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='13' style='font-size:14px'>Trop J Obstet Gynaecol, 32 (1), April 2015</header>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>spontaneously achieved, term with vaginal delivery<br>of a live female neonate. The baby weighted 3.4 kg<br>with good APGAR score. The baby is alive and well.<br>She had myomectomy in a private Hospital in Lagos<br>in 2006 for Uterine fibroids with menorrhagia. The<br>post\u2013operation period was uneventful. She<br>menstruates for 4-5 days in a regular cycle of 26-29<br>days. She is not a known hypertensive or diabetic and<br>no family history of abdominal, breast or<br>gynaecological malignancy. She use emergency<br>hormonal contraception occasionally and had used<br>combined oral contraceptive pills for about 6 months<br>before the index pregnancy.<br>She presented in active please labour and 2 hours<br>history of drainage of liquor at 38 weeks gestation in<br>the hospital emergency room. The progress of labour<br>and foetal well being were closely monitored.<br>However she developed clinical features of<br>cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) and had an<br>emergency ceasarean section after counseling. Her<br>pre-operative packed cell volume was 34%. Findings<br>at surgery were dense vascular pelvic adhesions<br>involving the bladder, the uterus and the guts. There<br>were wide spread whitish nodules on the omentum,<br>but no ascites. The liver, urinary bladder and the guts<br>appeared normal grossly. There were small fibroid<br>nodules (Largest 2cm x 1cm) on the uterus, but the<br>tubes and the ovaries were grossly normal. She was<br>delivered of a live male neonate that weighed 3.6kg<br>in direct occipito-posterior position with APGAR<br>scores of 9 and 10 in 1 and 5 minutes. The estimated<br>blood loss was 500ml. Omenta tissues were taken<br>from 3 sites and sent for histology.<br>She had a good recovery from the surgery with post<br>operative packed cell volume of 32% on second post-<br>operative day. She was discharged home on the 4 th<br>day of operation to be reviewed with the omental<br>tissue histology report in 2 weeks. She was also<br>counseled on the need to immunize her baby.<br>The histology report showed omental biopsy</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>showing nodules composed of interlacing bundles<br>of relative uniform smooth muscle within a<br>collagenous stroma. Mitotic figures are infrequent<br>and cellular atypia and pleomorphism are absent.<br>The diagnosis of Leiomyomatosis peritonealis<br>disseminata was made.<br>She was counseled on the need to comply strictly<br>with follow up management, which she did till 6<br>month post-operatively. Monthly abdominal-pelvic<br>ultrasound scan carried out were normal. She was<br>also referred to the Oncology unit, Obstetrics and<br>Gynecology department, Lagos University<br>Teaching Hospital for Follow-up.</p>\n<h1 id='16' style='font-size:20px'>DISCUSSION</h1>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is<br>a rare, benign, smooth muscle tumor that clinically<br>and macroscopically simulates disseminated intra-<br>abdominal or pelvic malignancy. [1,2] . It was first<br>reported in 1952, but identified histologically as a<br>pathological entity in 1965. [ 7 , 8 ] . It occur<br>predominantly in women of child bearing age,<br>although few cases have been reported in post<br>menopausal women. [3,4,5,6]<br>The incidence may be far higher than documented<br>in the literature, because it is usually asymptomatic<br>and findings are usually incidental, during surgical<br>procedures such as Laparotomy, Ceasarean section,<br>Laparoscopy or Postpartum tubal ligation. [6,9,10]<br>Some cases may be detected incidentally during<br>ultrasonography. [9] On rare occasions patients may<br>presents with symptoms such as acute abdomen,<br>lower abdominal pain, abdominal swelling, urinary<br>frequency, pre-menstrual pain or peritonitis. In this<br>report, it was an incidental finding during an<br>emergency ceasarean section . She was<br>asymptomatic with an uneventful antenatal care<br>period. Most cases follow this pattern of<br>presentation.<br>The aetiology of LPD is still unkown, but several</p>\n<br><footer id='18' style='font-size:20px'>156</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Suppose a patient with Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata had prior use of combined oral contraceptives and presented with nodules undetected in early ultrasounds, how might the patient's history and hormonal exposure influence the choice of treatment, taking into account the potential effectiveness of aromatase inhibitors and the role of ultrasound imaging in management?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 856, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 680523, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='61' style='font-size:14px'>Fund Statements</header>\n<h1 id='62' style='font-size:22px'>State Airports Fund (SAF)</h1>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The SAF receives revenues from aviation gasoline and special fuel taxes, aircraft registration taxes, sales taxes on<br>aircraft and other small sources such as investment income. These revenues must be sufficient to support the direct<br>appropriations from the Legislature, which are used to carry out aviation functions such as airport development and<br>assistance grants, aeronautic planning, administration and operations.</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The total estimated revenues and transfers for the SAF are shown below (note these amounts reflect only the State<br>Airports Fund, and do not include the activity in the two revolving funds):</p>\n<p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>State Airports Revenue and Transfers<br>(SAF Only)<br>Feb. 2020 vs. Nov. 2019<br>($ in millions)</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='66' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"30.00 27\n26 24 24 24\n24 24\n25.00 21\n20.00\n15.00\n10.00\nFeb. '20 Nov. '19\" data-coord=\"top-left:(75,543); bottom-right:(626,784)\" /></figure>\n<br><table id='67' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td colspan=\"5\">State Airports Fund Revenues and Transfers ($ in millions)</td></tr><tr><td>FY</td><td>Feb '19</td><td>Nov '19</td><td>$ Change</td><td>% Change</td></tr><tr><td>2016 (act)</td><td>21</td><td>21</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2017 (act)</td><td>24</td><td>24</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2018 (act)</td><td>24</td><td>24</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2019 (act)</td><td>26</td><td>26</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td>27</td><td>25</td><td>1.9</td><td>7.6%</td></tr><tr><td>2021</td><td>24</td><td>23</td><td>1.3</td><td>5.7%</td></tr><tr><td>2022</td><td>24</td><td>23</td><td>1.2</td><td>5.0%</td></tr><tr><td>2023</td><td>24</td><td>23</td><td>0.8</td><td>3.4%</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='68' style='font-size:20px'>Fund Balance Policy</h1>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A State Airports Fund Balance policy exists to provide an appropriate level of reserve in the SAF to protect against<br>major fluctuations in revenue. The policy requires that the State Airports Fund (not including the revolving funds)<br>maintain a minimum of 5 percent of the total appropriations in each fiscal year, and a maximum of 15 percent or $3<br>million (whichever is lower, currently $3 million). As of this forecast, the fund balance is projected to be<br>approximately $3.5 million above the fund balance maximum, and MnDOT intends to apply available contingency<br>language authorized in the Laws of 2019, First Special Session, Chapter 3 to spend the $3.5 million balance in FY<br>2021.</p>\n<footer id='70' style='font-size:18px'>28</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1108, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:14px'>WAYNE MUNICIPAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY<br>September 9, 2013<br>7:00 P.M.</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he regular meeting of the Airport Authority of the City of Wayne was called to order at the<br>Airport Pilots Lounge on the above date and time by Chairman Mitchell Nissen. The following<br>members were present: Mitchell Nissen, Jerome Conradt, Todd Luedeke, Carl Rump and David<br>Ley. Also, attending the meeting were Nancy Braden Treasurer, Dawn Navrkal, Kyle Dahl<br>Airport Authority Attorney, Tom Becker FBO & Airport Manager, Karma Schulte, Curtis<br>Christianson Olsson Associates Airport Engineers, Jeff Morlok and Keith Moji OCC Builders<br>LLC, Dan Mattison Helena Chemical Co., Jesse Kaufman and David Zach.</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L uedeke moved and Conradt 2nd to accept the Minutes of August 13th 2013 Meeting. Roll was<br>called with the following results: Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke, Conradt, Rump and Ley. Nays: None.<br>The Chairman declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L ey moved and Conradt 2nd to accept the Claims presented as of September 9, 2013 excluding<br>the Travis Griffith claim. Roll was called with the following results: Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke,<br>Conradt, Rump and Ley. Nays: None. The Chairman declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C onradt moved and Ley 2nd to deny payment of claim presented by Travis Griffith. Roll was<br>called with the following results: Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke, Conradt, Rump and Ley. Nays: None.<br>The Chairman declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>C hairman Nissen opened the budget hearing after 7:05 PM. After all discussion was completed<br>the Chairman closed the hearing.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L uedeke moved and Rump 2nd to approve resolution no. 2013-2 Approval and Adoption of 2013-<br>2014 Budget. Roll was called with the following results: Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke, Conradt, Rump<br>and Ley. Nays: None. The Chairman declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L ey moved and Conradt 2nd to table presentation by Dan Mattison of Helena Chemical Co., to<br>consider the airport authority custom farming the airports farm land in the future. Before next<br>meeting the information can be reviewed and new information presented. Roll was called with<br>the following result: Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke, Conradt, Rump and Ley. Nays: None. The<br>Chairman declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L uedeke discussed future signage for businesses on the airport. He will bring sample drawings<br>to the next meeting.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L ey moved and Luedeke 2nd that we sell aviation gas approximately $0.22 above cost in the<br>future to cover estimated operational costs. Rounding would place present price at $5.00. Roll<br>was called with the following result. Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke, Conradt, Rump and Ley. Nays:<br>None. The chairman declared the motion carried</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 888071, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='33' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>11-517-5041</td><td>MEDICAL- HRA</td><td></td><td>2,500.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$ -</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5042</td><td>WORK COMP- PREMIUM</td><td></td><td>1,000.00 $</td><td>63.87</td><td>$ 63.87</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5045</td><td>LIFE INS</td><td>$</td><td>200.00 $</td><td>17.46</td><td>$ 17.46</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5065</td><td>UNIFORMS</td><td>$ 500.00</td><td>$</td><td>-</td><td>$ -</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5100</td><td>PHONE</td><td>1,200.00</td><td>$</td><td>101.97</td><td>$ 101.97</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5110</td><td>ADVERTISING</td><td>$ 50.00</td><td>$</td><td>- $</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5130</td><td>UTILITIES</td><td>7,000.00</td><td>$ 655.53</td><td>$</td><td>655.53</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5135</td><td>TRASH</td><td>$ 600.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5145</td><td>FUEL</td><td>4,000.00</td><td>$ 217.60</td><td>$</td><td>217.60</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5200</td><td>SUPPLIES</td><td>5,000.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5232</td><td>TOOLS & EQUIP</td><td>$ 500.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5240</td><td>VET- SUPPLIES/MED</td><td>10,000.00</td><td>$ 683.83</td><td>$</td><td>683.83</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5290</td><td>INSURANCE- PREMIUM</td><td>2,200.00</td><td>$ 244.82</td><td>$</td><td>244.82</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5300</td><td>R&M- VEHICLE</td><td>1,000.00</td><td>$ -</td><td></td><td>$ -</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5305</td><td>R&M- BLDG & LAND</td><td>$ 500.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5310</td><td>R&M- EQUIP & MACH</td><td>$ 500.00</td><td>$ -</td><td></td><td>$ -</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5330</td><td>MAINT AGREEMENTS</td><td>$ 200.00</td><td>$ 45.00</td><td></td><td>$ 45.00</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5350</td><td>DUES & FEES</td><td>$ 200.00</td><td>$ 2.15</td><td></td><td>$ 2.15</td></tr><tr><td>11-517-5660</td><td>ADMIN ALLOCATIONS</td><td>7,850.55</td><td>$ 654.21</td><td></td><td>$ 654.21</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Department: 517 - ANIMAL POUND Total:</td><td>$ 121,223.22</td><td>$ 8,535.36</td><td></td><td>$ 8,535.36</td></tr><tr><td>Fund: 14 - AIRPORT Revenue</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Department: 414 - AIRPORT</td><td>TRANSPORTATION TAX</td><td></td><td>$ 11,982.11</td><td></td><td>$ 11,982.11</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4030 14-414-4405</td><td>LEASE REV-PHILLIPS BUILDING</td><td>8,400.00</td><td>135,000.00 $ 700.00</td><td></td><td>$ 700.00</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4410</td><td>MISC REV-NAEGLER</td><td>104,000.00</td><td>$ 6,882.25</td><td></td><td>$ 6,882.25</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4430</td><td>100 OCTANE FUEL</td><td>75,000.00</td><td></td><td>$ 2,133.76</td><td>$ 2,133.76</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4435</td><td>JET FUEL</td><td>70,000.00</td><td></td><td>$ 6,327.32</td><td>$ 6,327.32</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4440</td><td>HANGAR RENT- CORP</td><td>20,000.00</td><td>$ 2,225.00</td><td></td><td>$ 2,225.00</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4445</td><td>HANGAR RENT</td><td>97,500.00</td><td>$ 7,610.82</td><td></td><td>$ 7,610.82</td></tr><tr><td>14-414-4812</td><td>LEASE-HAY GROUND</td><td>7,001.00</td><td>$ -</td><td></td><td>$ -</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Department: 414 - AIRPORT Total:</td><td>$ 516,901.00</td><td>$ 37,861.26</td><td></td><td>$ 37,861.26</td></tr><tr><td>Expense Department: 514 - AIRPORT</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5100</td><td>PHONE</td><td>2,100.00</td><td>$ 188.35</td><td>$</td><td>188.35</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5105</td><td>POSTAGE & FREIGHT</td><td>$ 250.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5110</td><td>ADVERTISING</td><td>$ 100.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5130</td><td>UTILITIES</td><td>9,000.00</td><td>$ 710.90</td><td>$</td><td>710.90</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5135</td><td>TRASH</td><td>$ 600.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5145</td><td>FUEL</td><td>$ 400.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5200</td><td>SUPPLIES</td><td>4,000.00</td><td>$ 42.46</td><td>$</td><td>42.46</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5206</td><td>FUEL - 100 LL FUEL</td><td>100,000.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5213</td><td>FUEL- JET A FUEL</td><td>60,000.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5228</td><td>SUPPLIES- SAFETY</td><td>$ 500.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5280</td><td>100 OCTANE FUEL - FBO EXPENSE</td><td>16,000.00</td><td>$ 1,330.98</td><td>$</td><td>1,330.98</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5285</td><td>JET FUEL - FBO EXPENSE</td><td>32,000.00</td><td>$ 3,837.33</td><td>$</td><td>3,837.33</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5290</td><td>INSURANCE- PREMIUM</td><td>23,000.00</td><td>$ 2,158.43</td><td>$</td><td>2,158.43</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5300</td><td>R&M- VEHICLE</td><td></td><td>1,000.00 $ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5305</td><td>R&M- BLDG & LAND</td><td></td><td>6,000.00 $</td><td>- $</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5310</td><td>R&M- EQUIP & MACH</td><td>6,000.00</td><td>$ 159.09</td><td>$</td><td>159.09</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5312</td><td>R&M- INFRASTRUCTURE</td><td></td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5330</td><td>MAINT AGREEMENTS</td><td>18,750.00 2,000.00</td><td>$ 360.65</td><td>$</td><td>360.65</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5335</td><td>PROFESSIONAL SVCS</td><td></td><td>19,000.00 $ 1,067.50</td><td></td><td>$ 1,067.50</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5345</td><td>CONTRACT SVCS- FBO SOAR</td><td></td><td>$ 2,040.50</td><td></td><td>$ 2,040.50</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5347</td><td>FUEL DISCOUNT</td><td>22,000.00 $ 200.00</td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5425</td><td>CAP EXP- INFRASTRUCTURE</td><td></td><td>$ -</td><td>$</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>14-514-5660</td><td>ADMIN ALLOCATIONS</td><td>20,000.00 24,003.00</td><td>$ 2,000.25</td><td>$</td><td>2,000.25</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Department: 514 - AIRPORT Total:</td><td>$ 366,903.00</td><td>$ 13,896.44</td><td>$</td><td>13,896.44</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 680457, "type": "text", "content": "# Transportation Funds Forecast February 2020\n\n\n \n\n# Released February 28, 2020\n\n\n# Forecast Highlights\n\n\n \n\n# HUTD Revenues\n\n\n \n\nHighway User Tax Distribution (HUTD) Fund revenues are now forecast to grow at\nless than 2 percent per year \nthroughout the forecast period (essentially unchanged from November 2019\nforecast), with the exception of FY 2020 \nwhen revenues are forecast to increase by approximately 8 percent. This\nincrease is largely due to several statutorily \ndedicated transportation-related revenues deposited to the HUTD Fund that were\npreviously deposited in the \nGeneral Fund.\n\n\n \n\n# Motor Fuel Excise Tax (Gas Tax)\n\n\n \n\nWith fuel consumption continuing to decrease \nas vehicles become more efficient, gas tax \nrevenue is now forecast to decline 2 percent \n(approximately $37 million) in the FY 2020-21 \nbiennium compared to the November 2019 \nforecast. Year-over-year gas tax revenues are \nnow forecast to decline by an average of 0.6 \npercent each year of the forecast period.\n\n\n# State Airport Fund\n\n\n# Primary State Airports Fund Revenues \n($ in millions)\n\n\n \n\nSales Tax on Aircraft Airline Flight Property Tax\n\n\n \n\nThe State Airport Fund balance is forecast \nto be approximately $3.5 million above \nthe fund balance reserves established in \nState Airports Fund Balance policy. This \nis largely due to a projected increase in \naircraft sales tax revenue.\n\n\nAircraft Registration Tax\n\n\n \n\nAviation Gasoline & Special Fuel Tax\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 680509, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Revenue Forecast</p>\n<h1 id='46' style='font-size:20px'>The current forecast of revenues is shown below:</h1>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='47' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Primary State Airports Fund Revenues\n($ in millions)\n30.00\n27\n25\n25.00 24 24 24 24\n5 24\n5\n21\n6 6 5 5 5\n20.00 3\n3\n6\n3 3 3\n4 3\n15.00\n7\n2 7\n7 7 7\n10.00 7 8\n7\n11\n5.00 10\n8 8 8\n7 6\n5\n0.00\nSales Tax on Aircraft Airline Flight Property Tax\nAircraft Registration Tax Aviation Gasoline & Special Fuel Tax\" data-coord=\"top-left:(198,204); bottom-right:(1082,843)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='48' style='font-size:18px'>15</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1109, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ley moved and Rump 2nd that we allow up to $17,500 in additional payments to Olsson<br>Associates for additional construction observation services due to the 53 day extension of<br>contract on the terminal/hanger project. This cost may not be reimbursable thru federal or state<br>grants. Roll was called with the following results: Yeas: Nissen, Rump and Ley. Nays:<br>Luedeke and Conradt. The Chairman declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>D iscussion regarding the fencing, gates and east driveway paving was discussed. Luedeke is to<br>bring the bids and estimated costs back to next month\u2019s meeting.</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>L uedeke moved and Conradt 2nd that we install the mechanics to turn the PAPI lights on by the<br>pilot keying their mikes as they currently do to turn on the runway and taxi lights. Roll was<br>called with the following results: Yeas: Nissen, Luedeke, Conradt Rump and Ley. Nays: None.<br>The Chairmen declared the motion carried.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O ther matters requiring the attention of the Authority were discussed and it was determined that<br>no further formal actions on these matters were needed.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There being no further business Luedeke moved and Conradt 2nd that the meeting be adjourned.<br>All voting in the affirmative the meeting was adjourned.</p>\n<h1 id='15' style='font-size:14px'>David R. Ley<br>Secretary</h1>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1591520, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='9' style='font-size:18px'>PERFORMANCE MEASURES:</h1>\n<br><table id='10' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td></td><td>Actual 2012/2013</td><td>Actual 2013/2014</td><td>Actual 2014/2015</td><td>Estimated 2015/2016</td><td>Estimated 2016/2017</td></tr><tr><td>T-Hangars Maintained</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>Hangar Spaces Rented</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>20</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>Airport Advisory Meetings</td><td>10</td><td>10</td><td>8</td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Hangar Rentals</td><td>$21,781</td><td>$21,524</td><td>$21,641</td><td>$21,500</td><td>$22,100</td></tr><tr><td>FBO Lease</td><td>$9,900</td><td>$9,900</td><td>$9,900</td><td>$10,500</td><td>$10,800</td></tr><tr><td>Gallons of Fuel Dispensed by FBO</td><td>86,433</td><td>101,900</td><td>98,361</td><td>60,000 *</td><td>60,000 *</td></tr><tr><td>Fuel Commission ($0.03/gallon \u2013 to $.10 in 2015/2016)</td><td>$2,593</td><td>$3,057</td><td>$2,634</td><td>$6,000 *</td><td>$6,000 *</td></tr><tr><td>Gal. 100LL Fuel Dispensed by FBO</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td><td>10,644</td><td>8,000 *</td><td>8,000 *</td></tr><tr><td>Fuel Commission 100LL ($.08/gal)</td><td>N/A</td><td>N/A</td><td>NA</td><td>$640 *</td><td>$640 *</td></tr><tr><td>Farm Lease Revenue</td><td>$34,000</td><td>$34,139</td><td>$34,139</td><td>$34,100</td><td>$34,100</td></tr><tr><td>General Fund Subsidy</td><td>$53,987</td><td>$47,172</td><td>$39,555</td><td>$48,700</td><td>$45,100</td></tr></table>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>* The Runway 6/24 Reconstruction Project will begin in March of 2016 and will continue until the fall of<br>2016, overlapping two fiscal years. With the main runway 6/24 being closed it is anticipated there will be<br>a reduction in air traffic, a reduction in fuel sales, and the resulting reduction in fuel commissions. This is<br>a temporary reduction for 2015/2016 and 2016/2017.</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:18px'>RECENT ACCOMPLISHMENTS:</h1>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Staff continued to meet with representatives of the FAA and the State of Iowa Division of Aviation to discuss<br>airport improvement projects primarily focused around the reconstruction of runway 6/24 and the proposed<br>reconstruction of Taxiway \u201cA\u201d.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Design on the Runway 6/24 Reconstruction project has been completed, bids have been received, and the<br>contract was awarded to Manatts Inc. Construction will begin in 2016. A construction oversight agreement<br>for the Runway 6/24 Reconstruction project has been approved. To better insure quality day to day<br>construction oversight, Anderson Bogert has subcontracted with a local construction project manager to<br>conduct onsite construction oversight. City staff will also assist with construction oversight.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Design was completed on the Airport Connector Road project and the construction contract was awarded to<br>Muscatine Bridge Company. Construction was substantially completed in 2015, however due to weather, the<br>joint sealing and seeding will be completed in the spring of 2016.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Iowa DOT awarded funding to design and construct electrical upgrades to the crosswind runway system.<br>The upgrades include grounding grid, surge protection, and a new regulator. Design was completed in the fall<br>of 2015 and construction will begin in early spring of 2016 before the Runway 6/24 Reconstruction project<br>begins.</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The hangar inspection program continues and the second round of hangar inspections has been completed.<br>The Airport Commission recently began to actively research and plan for the construction of new t-hangars.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2906992, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='111' style='font-size:18px'>Table of Contents</header>\n<h1 id='112' style='font-size:18px'>Results of Operations</h1>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The following is a more detailed discussion of our financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented:</p>\n<table id='114' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td colspan=\"2\">Three Months Ended June 30,</td><td colspan=\"2\">Six Months Ended June 30,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2013</td><td>2014</td><td>2013</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Statement of Operations Data:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Revenue:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Product revenues</td><td>88.9%</td><td>88.1%</td><td>89.3%</td><td>89.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Service revenues</td><td>11.1</td><td>11.9</td><td>10.7</td><td>10.9</td></tr><tr><td>Total revenues</td><td>100.0</td><td>100.0</td><td>100.0</td><td>100.0</td></tr><tr><td>Operating expenses:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cost of sales:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Product cost of sales</td><td>66.9</td><td>70.5</td><td>58.4</td><td>70.9</td></tr><tr><td>Service cost of sales</td><td>3.4</td><td>4.2</td><td>3.8</td><td>4.1</td></tr><tr><td>Derivative (gains) losses on Series I warrant valuation</td><td>\u2014</td><td>2.3</td><td>0.3</td><td>(1.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Selling, general and administrative</td><td>39.9</td><td>35.1</td><td>37.6</td><td>35.1</td></tr><tr><td>Depreciation and amortization</td><td>12.2</td><td>11.8</td><td>11.6</td><td>12.0</td></tr><tr><td>Total operating expenses</td><td>122.4</td><td>123.9</td><td>111.7</td><td>121.0</td></tr><tr><td>Operating loss</td><td>(22.4)</td><td>(23.9)</td><td>(11.7)</td><td>(21.0)</td></tr><tr><td>Interest expense, net</td><td>(7.1)</td><td>(10.3)</td><td>(6.3)</td><td>(10.2)</td></tr><tr><td>Other income (expense), net</td><td>(1.3)</td><td>1.1</td><td>(0.8)</td><td>(0.1)</td></tr><tr><td>Loss from equity method investment</td><td>\u2014</td><td>\u2014</td><td>(0.0)</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Gain from sale of equity method investment</td><td>\u2014</td><td>\u2014</td><td>2.6</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Gain from sale of subsidiary</td><td>17.6</td><td>\u2014</td><td>8.6</td><td>\u2014</td></tr><tr><td>Loss before income taxes</td><td>(13.2)</td><td>(33.1)</td><td>(7.6)</td><td>(31.3)</td></tr><tr><td>Income tax expense</td><td>(0.3)</td><td>(0.1)</td><td>(1.2)</td><td>(0.6)</td></tr><tr><td>Net loss</td><td>(13.5)</td><td>(33.2)</td><td>(8.8)</td><td>(31.9)</td></tr><tr><td>Loss of noncontrolling interest</td><td>0.1</td><td>0.3</td><td>\u2014</td><td>0.2</td></tr><tr><td>Net loss attributable to Clean Energy Fuels Corp.</td><td>(13.4)</td><td>(32.9)</td><td>(8.8)</td><td>(31.7)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Three Months Ended June 30, 2013 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2014</p>\n<p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Revenue. Revenue increased by $10.0 million to $98.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2014, from $88.1 million in the three months<br>ended June 30, 2013. A portion of this increase was the result of an increase in the number of gallons delivered between periods from 52.6 million gasoline<br>gallon equivalents to 64.8 million gasoline gallon equivalents. This increase in volume was primarily from an increase in CNG sales of 7.9 million gallons.<br>Our net increase in CNG volume was primarily from 21 new refuse customers, eight new transit customers and five new trucking customers, which together<br>accounted for 5.4 million gallons of the CNG volume increase between periods. We also experienced an increase of 3.5 million gallons in CNG volume<br>between periods from our existing refuse, airport, trucking and transit customers. These CNG gallon increases were offset by a decline of 1.0 million gallons<br>related to the loss of three CNG O&M stations for one transit customer. Further, we experienced an increase of 3.5 million gallons in LNG volume between<br>periods, which was primarily due to the addition of 2.4 million gallons from seven new trucking customers, one new industrial customer, and one new airport<br>customer. We also experienced an increase of 1.1 million gallons in LNG volume between periods from our existing industrial, transit and trucking<br>customers. We experienced a 0.8 million gallon increase between periods from increased RNG sales, primarily due to increased RNG production at our<br>DCEMB and Canton facilities. Our effective price per gallon charged was $0.93 in the three months ended June 30, 2014, which represents a $0.04 per gallon<br>increase from $0.89 per gallon in the three months ended June 30, 2013. We experienced a $2.6 million increase in station construction revenues between<br>periods, primarily due to the completion of two new CNG stations for new transit customers. Revenue attributable to IMW increased between periods by $2.6<br>million. These increases were offset by a $6.0 million decrease in VETC revenue between periods as the fuel tax credit expired December 31, 2013, and we<br>recorded $6.0 million of VETC revenue in the second quarter of 2013. Revenue also decreased by $2.8 million between periods due to decreased sales of<br>natural gas vehicle equipment and emission control services by BAF (we sold BAF in June 2013).</p>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>C ost of sales. Cost of sales increased by $11.4 million to $73.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2014, from $61.9 million in the three<br>months ended June 30, 2013. Our cost of sales primarily increased between periods as a result of delivering more volume to our customers. Our effective cost<br>per gallon increased by $0.05 per gallon, from $0.59 per gallon to $0.64 per gallon, in the three months ended June 30, 2014. We experienced a $2.6 million<br>increase in station construction costs between periods due to increased activity. Cost of sales that IMW incurred increased between periods by $1.6 million<br>due to increased sales between periods. These increases were offset by a $3.2 million decrease in costs related to BAF\u2019s vehicle equipment sales and emission<br>control services between periods as we sold BAF in June 2013.</p>\n<footer id='118' style='font-size:18px'>30</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1016055, "type": "text", "content": "# Project Justification\n\n\n \n\nThis program aims to encourage private re-investment in mature corridors of\nthe City. Two separate matching grant programs are \nutilized: monument sign construction and fa\u00e7ade improvements. Maximum amounts\nare $20,000 for fa\u00e7ade improvements and \n$5,000 for monument signs. As of FY 19, the program will have 24 business\nparticipants granted the amount of $253,000, \nfacilitating $4.4 million of commercial fa\u00e7ade and sign improvements, a 17 to\n1 return. The justification for the additional $50,000 in \nfunding is to maintain grant capacity for the future as redevelopment and\nrevitalization remains a top Council goal AND the \nuncertainty of the current legislative session surrounding revenue caps and\nthe City's ability to fund future services and programs.\n\n\n \n\nNOTE: All funds are sourced from Gas Fund Reserves specifically dedicated to\nEconomic Development activities per Council Gas \nFund Policy.\n\n\n263\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1591523, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Airport Operations</p>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:20px'>Fund Statement</h1>\n<table id='26' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>Actual 2013/2014</td><td>Actual 2014/2015</td><td>Budget 2015/2016</td><td>Revised Estimate 2015/2016</td><td></td><td>Budget 2016/2017</td></tr><tr><td>Beginning Balance, July 1</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Revenues</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fixed Base Operator Fee</td><td>$ 9,900</td><td>$ 9,900</td><td>$ 10,500</td><td>$ 10,500</td><td>$ 10,800</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hangar Rentals</td><td>21,524</td><td>21,641</td><td>21,500</td><td>21,500</td><td></td><td>22,100 (2)</td></tr><tr><td>Reimbursement of Costs</td><td>875</td><td>875</td><td>1,000</td><td>1,000</td><td></td><td>1,000</td></tr><tr><td>Farm Leases</td><td>34,139</td><td>34,139</td><td>34,100</td><td>34,100</td><td></td><td>34,100</td></tr><tr><td>Gasoline Commission</td><td>3,057</td><td>2,634</td><td>9,500</td><td>6,600</td><td>(1)</td><td>6,600 (1)</td></tr><tr><td>State Grant</td><td>2,415</td><td>4,571</td><td>0</td><td>2,900</td><td></td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Transfers In</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>General Fund Subsidy</td><td>47,172</td><td>39,555</td><td>47,800</td><td>48,700</td><td></td><td>45,100</td></tr><tr><td>Total Revenues</td><td>$ 119,082</td><td>$ 113,315</td><td>$ 124,400</td><td>$ 125,300</td><td></td><td>$ 119,700</td></tr><tr><td>Funds Available</td><td>$ 119,082</td><td>$ 113,315</td><td>$ 124,400</td><td>$ 125,300</td><td>$ 119,700</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Expenditures</td><td>119,082</td><td>113,315</td><td>124,400</td><td>125,300</td><td>119,700</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ending Balance, June 30</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$ 0</td><td>$</td><td>0</td></tr></table>\n<table id='27' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>Increase (Decrease) in Fund Balance</td><td>$</td><td>0</td><td>$</td><td>0</td><td>$</td><td>0</td><td>$</td><td>0</td><td>$ 0</td></tr></table>\n<p id='28' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1. Gasoline commissions in both the Revised Estimate and 2016/2017 are reduced due to the Runway Reconstruction project<br>in the summer of 2016.<br>2. The 2016/2017 budget includes a 3% increase in hangar rental fees.</p>\n<footer id='29' style='font-size:14px'>-289-</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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After the meeting approved selling aviation gas approximately $0.22 above its cost price, it also discussed future signage for businesses at the airport. If additional revenue from the sale of 10,000 gallons of aviation gas was used to fund the new signage project, calculate the maximum amount available for this project, excluding other costs. What are the financial implications if they decide to use half of this revenue for signage and the other half for maintenance?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 857, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2569223, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='5' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"TRISTRAM MORGAN,\nMANAGING DIRECTOR,\n365 SOLUTIONS GROUP PTY LTD\" data-coord=\"top-left:(106,608); bottom-right:(695,1403)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u201cA for most people, and<br>fter the most challenging<br>year in recent memory<br>significant economic<br>regressions worldwide<br>in 2020, I believe that 2021 is going to<br>see an enormous shift to a bull market.<br>We are preparing for a huge year based<br>on current demand and recent trends, and<br>most business owners I have spoken to this<br>quarter are seeing similar spikes in demand<br>with no sign of letting up.</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been<br>discussed with great fanfare over the last few<br>years, and 2021 will see more applications<br>reaching most households in developed<br>countries through smart meters, smart TVs,<br>smart fridges and similar appliances and<br>devices.</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>5G is now a proven technology that is<br>running very successfully in countries such<br>as South Korea, China, Japan, the USA and<br>Australia, and the coming year will see huge<br>growth in Europe and Asia in particular.</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>With the noticeable increase in demand<br>for Customer Relationship Management<br>(CRM) systems, I expect this to be a key<br>growth area for SaaS applications for the<br>next year and beyond, as more businesses<br>realise the critical importance of knowing<br>your customers and capturing data about<br>their interactions and preferences.</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Microsoft continues to rapidly grow their revenues<br>from subscriptions to Microsoft 365, Office 365 and<br>Dynamics 365, and are set to continue this trend, and<br>while the field of competitors continues to increase,<br>the market growth outstrips this to the point where<br>this is plenty of opportunity for new players as well as<br>the dominant incumbents. I do expect there to be some<br>consolidation towards the end of 2021, where a smaller</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>in the past 12 months, so expect Amazon, Google and<br>Microsoft to all profit from this trend in a big way. Data<br>centres are going from strength to strength for similar<br>reasons, especially for those businesses that remain wary<br>of security concerns with the public cloud.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In the past 12 months we saw one or two examples<br>of legal action being taken against senior executives and<br>business owners from companies that were found to have</p>\n<figure><img id='13' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1318,475); bottom-right:(2327,954)\" /></figure>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>number of successful challengers absorb many of those<br>less successful ones, to quickly gain market share and<br>functionality.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The move away from housing IT appliances such as<br>servers, firewalls, routers etc. onsite and migrating to the<br>cloud will climb steeply in 2021, now that the requirement<br>for flexible working arrangements has become so apparent</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>exposed customer data to being captured illegally due to<br>taking inadequate precautions to protect that data, and<br>there is every reason to expect this trend to increase.<br>Inevitably, as the risks become too great to tolerate, the<br>cyber security industry is poised to boom throughout<br>2021 and will continue to do so for the next 3-5 years in<br>particular.\u201d</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>APAC CIOoutlook is a print magazine that reaches out to 60,000 qualified subscribers across<br>the Asia Pacific region and 1,80,000 digital subscribers across the globe that aims to provide a<br>platform for CIOs, CTOs and other senior levels technology buyers and decision-makers along<br>with CXOs of solution providers to share their experiences, wisdom, and advice with Enterprise<br>Tech community of APAC countries. We promote our unique \u2018learn from our peer\u2019s approach\u2019 in<br>the Asia Pacific region.</p>\n<footer id='18' style='font-size:14px'>APACCIOOUTLOOK.COM</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 130709, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Download Ebook 12 2 Study Guide The Geologic Time Scale Answers Pmvbo\n\n\nIndustrial Hose Market 2021 Objectives of the Study, Research Methodology and\nAssumptions, Value Chain \nAnalysis and Forecast by 2030 \nIn a recent published report, Kenneth Research has updated the market report\nfor Data Converter Market \nfor 2021 till ...\n\n\nData Converter Market 2021 Trend and Opportunities, PESTEL Analysis, CAGR and\nValue Chain Study to 2030 \nAs the new academic year nears, Stanislaus County school leaders have begun\ninforming families of their \ninstructional options and COVID-19 safety requirements for the fall. School\ndistricts in ...\n\n\n# Copyright code : ba21b68db92bfb6015759c84309a6a3b\n\n\nCopyright : ftp.academicroom.com\n\n\n \nPage 4/4\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3215015, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='19' style='font-size:18px'>Changing world</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The world spent much of 2013 holding its<br>breath. The economic global aftershocks<br>following the financial crash of 2008<br>continue to reverberate, resulting in<br>the IMF cutting its forecast for world<br>economic growth six times in less than<br>two years1. Slowing economies are<br>accompanied by political uncertainty<br>and tension. Increasing concern with<br>natural resources, educational quality,<br>healthcare, climate change and natural<br>disasters all contribute to people\u2019s<br>unease.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>These events are not exceptions to the<br>rule: this seems to be the way in which<br>the world works these days. And, as the<br>world becomes increasingly connected<br>through technology and social networks,<br>this uncertainty ripples more quickly and<br>touches the lives of more people.</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>This means that everywhere around the<br>world, from the developed nations that<br>are struggling to the emerging nations<br>that are booming, risk is on the table.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Yet just as the marketplace learns to<br>cope with the risks of today, new risks<br>will emerge over the next decade. The<br>possibility of a longer growth slowdown in<br>emerging economies is one such risk2, as<br>is the growing threat of extreme weather<br>events. Experts suggest climate related<br>disasters could affect 375 million people<br>every year by 2015, up from 263 million in<br>20103.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>For brands and businesses, continued<br>global uncertainty is therefore something</p>\n<br><figure><img id='25' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(443,99); bottom-right:(1170,537)\" /></figure>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>they can be fairly certain of over the<br>coming decade. It is certainly something<br>consumers are already adapting to.</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:18px'>Changing consumers</h1>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Consumers are changing. They are<br>becoming more informed, more sceptical,<br>more connected, more demanding and<br>more fiscally cautious.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The economic downturn six years ago<br>marked the biggest turning point for<br>consumer behaviour in developed<br>markets over the last decade. Post-<br>recession consumers are adopting a<br>more considered approach to their<br>consumption; for example only 43% of<br>Americans have no intention of going<br>back to pre-recession levels of spending<br>or behaviour4.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Consumer behaviour in emerging markets<br>is also changing. With the balance of</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>power shifting to these consumers, they<br>are becoming increasingly demanding.<br>In China, for example, there has been a<br>steep drop in consumer willingness to buy<br>fakes, from 31% in 2008 to 12% by 20105.<br>This marks a growing desire for certainty<br>that the products they buy are genuine.</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Other changes will also impact the lives<br>of consumers in both developed and<br>emerging economies. Growing access<br>to the internet is opening new global<br>audiences and increasing the sharing of<br>culture across geographical boundaries;<br>the fact that a video of a Korean pop<br>star was viewed over a billion times on<br>YouTube within six months of its release is<br>testament to this6.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The rapid adoption of smartphones<br>has ushered in the biggest marketing<br>revolution since mass marketing on<br>national television. We live in the mobile</p>\n<footer id='34' style='font-size:14px'>11</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1202668, "type": "text", "content": "ENDNOTES\n\n\n1 Although this report focuses on the business market, users of these services\ninclude government agencies, not for profits, and other sectors \nthat manage personal data. However adoption in these sectors lags the business\nmarket and may provide future opportunities. \n2 One leading vendor described Privacy Tech 3.0 as facilitating the embedding\nand enforcement of policies developed during the \nimmediately preceding Layer 2 processes of \u201cInformation and data governance\u201d\nand \u201cPrivacy management\u201d into the data to enable \npredictable, auditable, and verifiable compliance while maximizing data\nutility and value to achieve data-driven business goals and \nobjectives in a lawful and ethical, sustainable manner. \n3 Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank all of the experts, on\nboth the buy and sell sides of the privacy tech market, who \nspoke on background for this report. Their insights were invaluable in better\nunderstanding the market, its present challenges, and its future \ndirections. The authors would also like to thank the Future of Privacy Forum\u2019s\nJules Polonetsky, John Verdi, and Barbara Kelly for their \nsupport and Limor Shmerling Magazanik, Managing Director of the Israel Tech\nPolicy Institute and Senior Fellow at the Future of Privacy \nForum, and Omer Tene, Vice President of Research for the International\nAssociation of Privacy Professionals, for their insights \n4 Jules Polonetsky and Jeremy Greenberg, NSF Convergence Accelerator: The\nFuture of Privacy Technology (C-Accel 1939288) (Washington, \nD.C.: Future of Privacy Forum, March 2020), https://fpf.org/wp-\ncontent/uploads/2020/03/NSF_FPF-REPORT_C-Accel1939288_Public.pdf. \n5 ISO standard ISO/IEC 20889:2018 for \u201cPrivacy enhancing data de-\nidentification terminology and classification of techniques\u201d addresses this \nin part, but it does not seem to be well-known to the relevant buyers. \n6 General Data Protection Regulation. Text available online at: Intersoft\nConsulting, n.d., accessed July 24, 2020, https://gdpr-info.eu/. \n7 \u201cStep Aside GDPR, Brazil has a New Privacy Law That\u2019s Changing the Game,\u201d JD\nSupra, October 14, 2020, https://www.jdsupra.com/ \nlegalnews/step-aside-gdpr-brazil-has-a-new-19894/. \n8 Rogier Creemers, Mingli Shi, Lauren Dudley, and Graham Webster, \u201cChina\u2019s\nDraft \u2018Personal Information Protection Law\u2019 (Full Translation),\u201d \nNew America, October 21, 2020, https://www.newamerica.org/cybersecurity-\ninitiative/digichina/blog/chinas-draft-personal-information- \nprotection-law-full-translation/; Constantine Karbaliotis and Dustin Moores,\n\u201cFederal privacy reform in Canada: The Consumer Privacy \nProtection Act,\u201d International Association of Privacy Professionals, November\n18, 2020, https://iapp.org/news/a/federal-privacy-reform-in- \ncanada-the-consumer-privacy-protection-act/. \n9 California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Text available online at: State of\nCalifornia Department of Justice, n.d., accessed July 24, 2020, \nhttps://oag.ca.gov/privacy/ccpa. \n10 Geoffrey A. Fowler and Tonya Riley, \u201cThe Technology 202: Privacy advocates\nbattle each other over whether California\u2019s Proposition 24 \nbetter protects consumers,\u201d The Washington Post, August 4, 2020,\nhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/08/04/technology-202- \nprivacy-advocates-battle-each-other-over-whether-california-\nproposition-24-better-protects-consumers/. \n11 Emerging Patchwork or Laboratories of Democracy? Privacy Legislation in\nVirginia and Other States, FPF, February 12, 2021, https://fpf.org/ \nblog/emerging-patchwork-or-laboratories-of-democracy-privacy-legislation-in-\nvirginia-and-other-states/ \n12 See, for example, Stacey Gray, Pollyanna Sanderson, and Katelyn Ringrose,\n\u201cA New U.S. Model for Privacy? Comparing the Washington \nPrivacy Act to GDPR, CCPA, and More,\u201d Future of Privacy Forum, February 12,\n2020, https://fpf.org/2020/02/12/a-new-model-for-privacy-in-a- \nnew-era-evaluating-the-washington-privacy-act/. \n13 FTC Prepares to Expand Rulemaking, Including on Privacy and Data Use,\nJDSUPRA, Mar 31, 2021 https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/ftc- \nprepares-to-expand-rulemaking-7281226/. \n14 Gen\u00e9 Teare, \u201cAlmost $10B Invested In Privacy And Security Companies In\n2019,\u201d CrunchBase, January 29, 2020, https://news.crunchbase. \ncom/news/almost-10b-invested-in-privacy-and-security-companies-in-2019/. \n15 Paul Sawers, \u201c5 data privacy startups cashing in on GDPR,\u201d Venture Beat,\nJuly 23, 2019, https://venturebeat.com/2019/07/23/5-data-privacy- \nstartups-cashing-in-on-gdpr/. \n16 \u201cPrivacy Tech Alliance,\u201d Future of Privacy Forum, https://fpf.org/privacy-\ntech-alliance/. \n17 https://fpf.org/pepr21/; https://www.riseofprivacytech.com/. \n18 Author conversation with Limor Shmerling Magazanik, July 30, 2020. \n19 Tom Foster, \u201c\u2018A Growth Industry Like I\u2019ve Never Seen\u2019: Inside America\u2019s No.\n1 Fastest-Growing Company,\u201d Inc., September 2020. \n20 See, for example, Jules Polonetsky and Elizabeth Renieris, Privacy 2020: 10\nPrivacy Risks and 10 Privacy Enhancing Technologies to \nWatch in the Next Decade (Washington, D.C.: January 2020),\nhttps://fpf.org/blog/privacy-2020-10-privacy-risks-and-10-privacy-enhancing- \ntechnologies-to-watch-in-the-next-decade/. \n21 \u201cGartner Says Over 40% of Privacy Compliance Technology Will Rely on\nArtificial Intelligence in the Next Three Years,\u201d Gartner.com, \nFebruary 25, 2020, https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-\nreleases/2020-02-25-gartner-says-over-40-percent-of-privacy- \ncompliance-technology-will-rely-on-artificial-intelligence-in-the-next-three-\nyears. \n22 Jules Polonetsky and Elizabeth Renieris, Privacy 2020: 10 Privacy Risks and\n10 Privacy Enhancing Technologies to Watch in the Next \nDecade (Washington, D.C.: January 2020),\nhttps://fpf.org/blog/privacy-2020-10-privacy-risks-and-10-privacy-enhancing-\ntechnologies-to- \nwatch-in-the-next-decade/. \n23 \u201cPrivacy Tech Alliance, https://fpf.org/privacy-tech-alliance/. \n24 NIST is leading a number of privacy engineering initiatives. Further work\nmay be needed to understand whether the NIST initiatives will support \nthe short terms gaps identified by the vendors. See: U.S. National Institute\nof Standards and Technology. NIST Privacy Framework: A Tool for \nImproving Privacy through Enterprise Risk Management.\nhttps://www.nist.gov/itl/applied-cybersecurity/privacy-engineering/resources. \n25 Extracting value is used in this report to capture a wide range of business\nactivities, including analytics, research, improving the quality \nof services, and developing new products. Increasingly, the availability and\nutility of data for machine learning projects is an important \nconsideration. \n26 How Privacy Tech Is Bought and Deployed (Portsmouth: International\nAssociation of Privacy Professionals, 2019), https://iapp.org/media/pdf/ \nresource_center/privacy_tech_bought_and_deployed_IAPPTrustArc_2019.pdf. \n27 Personal Data and the Organization: Stewardship and Strategy (Washington,\nD.C.: Future of Privacy Forum, May 2019), https://fpf.org/wp- \ncontent/uploads/2019/05/FPF_DataRiskFramework_illo04.pdf.\n\n\n48 PRIVACY TECH ALLIANCE + FUTURE OF PRIVACY FORUM | JUNE 2021\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1956348, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n02\n\n\n \n\nenergy sources. This will contribute to \nincreasing demand for solar and energy \ndemocracy will flourish from the bottom up \nas better choices in energy sources begin \nto surface. As companies and consumers \nbegin to utilise other energy sources like \nsolar, conventional market structures \nand players will inevitably fragment \nand lose some of their control. With this \nfragmentation and progression, previous \nsystems and structures for managing \nenergy will become less relevant \nand suitable, especially for intermittent \nrenewable sources.\n\n\n \n\nHe believes that in order to better inte- \ngrate renewable technologies like solar, \nstabilise grids and minimise fluctuations, \noptimise its function, and store its energy, \ndigitalisation is required to handle these \ncomplexities. In fact, artificial intelli- \ngence and IOT platforms in the near future \nmay play a big role in helping this \nto take place, but will need appropriate \nsecurity precautions.\n\n\n# New solar applications\n\n\n \n\nSingapore, for example, is aiming to utilise \nmore \u201curban solar\u201d technologies\u2014the use \nof building integrated PVs, the scaling up of \nmicro-grids and distributed generation of\n\n\n \n\nrenewable energy, the test-bedding of floating \nsolar PV installations, movable installations \non vacant land parcels, new energy storage \nsites, as well as enhancements to its smart \ngrid are all in progress. These support a 1GW \npeak solar target by 2025 that the city-state \nhas recently adopted.\n\n\n \n\nIn many parts of the world, experts \nsee great promise both in floating solar on \nreservoirs or lakes, and offshore where condi- \ntions are calm enough. \u201cIn man-made reser- \nvoirs alone, there is a 1TW opportunity for \nfloating solar worldwide,\u201d says SERIS\u2019 Reidl.\n\n\n \n\nPlaces like Indonesia, with many isolated \nislands have an urgent need for micro-grids \nto help improve accessibility for some 30 \nmillion people still living without energy. \nAccording to Fazil Alfitri, President \nDirector of PT Medco Power in Indonesia, \nspecial hybrid systems coupling solar panels, \nbatteries, and diesel gensets are currently \nbeing tested as a possible solution.\n\n\n \n\nElsewhere, grid scale battery storage in \nAustralia is advancing in tandem with renew- \nables development, with the help of major \nindustry players like Tesla.\n\n\n \n\nApplications like these provide new \navenues that will continue to evolve, and \nthe future of energy is poised to be an \nexciting one.\n\n\n \n\n01 ACES 2017\u2013Clean Energy Leaders\u2019 Dialogue. \n02 Singapore has set a 1GW peak solar target \nby 2025.\n\n\n# A different world by 2030\n\n\n \n\nIn general, global energy use is expected to \npeak by 2030, in part empowered by energy \nefficiency measures, according to the World \nEnergy Council. Furthermore, due to a global \nsurge in renewables and increasing electri- \nfication of energy needs for the first time in \nhuman history, DNV GL notes that a decou- \npling between energy-related CO2 emissions \nand economic growth is imminent in the \ncoming years.\n\n\n \n\nIn this context, Fraunhofer ISE\u2019s Mr \nWeber believes that solar\u2019s advancement is \nunstoppable. \u201cWe\u2019re now in an embryonic \nstage, but will be heading to terawatt range \n[for solar] by 2030. But the real question \nnow is\u2013will it help [prevent] the 2\u00b0C climate \nchange scenarios from unfolding and unseat \nthe established [fossil fuel energy] players \nfast enough?\u201d\n\n\n \n\nInsights from this article were shared at \nthe latest Asia Clean Energy Summit.\n\n\nissue 14\n\n\n \n035\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 667691, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nBusiness trends\n\n\n\u2022 Due to increased growth in remote data \nconnectivity for business, work studies, etc., the \ndemand in data networks products is strong.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 COVID-19 vaccination program rollout expected \nto diminish operational challenges and improve \ndemand for manufacturing services in the \ncoming 12 months, as the virus is gradually \ncontained.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 In short term safety issues and supply chain \ndisruptions are still the factors that can \ninfluence the business performance of the \nCompany in 2021.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Global component shortage continues.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 674216, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='47' style='font-size:16px'>14</header>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>who consider a market potential between 13,6-20,9 billion \u20ac5 for 2nd generation biofu-<br>els, although they differ in some assumptions6.</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The OECD/FAO (2016) is more pessimistic about development of consumption of bio-<br>ethanol. Based on different information about prices, consumption and EU market<br>share, the market is expected to grow from 3.7 billion \u20ac (average 2013-2015) to 4,3<br>billion \u20ac in 2025 (compared to around 12,5 billion \u20ac in Bio-Tic). Moreover, the<br>OECD/FAO expects a market share of lignocellulosic ethanol of only 0.7% in 2025, a<br>conversion for Europe would mean 0.03 billion \u20ac.</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Biogas: Biogas contributes 7% to the Gross renewable energy consumption at the<br>global and EU-28 level (EEA Report 2016). Turnover is estimated to around 6.08 billion<br>\u20ac in the EU in 2014 (EurObservER 2015). According to Scarlat et al. (2015), based on<br>the aggregated data of the Member States progress reports and predictions, biogas<br>production will grow by around 9% CAGR between 2015 and 2020. Regarding the<br>longer term, the 2030 Framework for Climate and Energy sets a binding target at EU<br>level to increase the share of renewables to at least 27% of EU energy consumption by<br>2030.</p>\n<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The BIO-Tic(2015) study assessment of the biogas market leads to more conservative<br>numbers. The study projects a growth from about 4 billion \u20ac (2013) to around 6 billion \u20ac<br>in 2030 (around 2.5% CAGR).</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>While the regulation of the Renewables Energy Directive and the Framework for Cli-<br>mate and Energy drive the market for bioethanol and bionergy, different factors impact<br>indirectly the continuity of these ambitions and its fulfilment:</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 political uncertainty for investments and the currently weak energy prices are a<br>key barrier for further construction investment in research and development of<br>2G plants (OECD/FAO 2016) and also for further biogas plants<br>\uf0b7 the public acceptance for biofuels and bioenergy is limited, mainly because of<br>food versus fuel utilization of biomass. This influences policy decisions, regula-<br>tions and consumer behaviour (e.g. in those countries where customers can<br>choose between E5 vs E107);</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>5 \u2018Low\u2019 demand scenario: crop-based biofuels supply a maximum of 7% of all transport energy.<br>\u2018High\u2019 demand scenario: all biofuel demand will be fulfilled with advanced biofuels<br>6 They assume a 20% contribution of renewables in transport fuels, but only the half to be gen-<br>erated of waste streams or lignocellulosic.<br>7 \"E\" numbers describe the percentage of ethanol fuel in the mixture by volume, for example,<br>E5 is 5% anhydrous ethanol and 95% gasoline.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2591836, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='36' style='font-size:18px'>5.4 Technology Disruptions</h1>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Technological progress, the availability<br>of enhanced or novel functionalities and the<br>widespread adoption of new services over a long<br>time span is likely to create new ways of living<br>and new perceptions of the values that drive the<br>development of a culture. In the shorter term, some<br>mixes of technology, production, distribution and<br>adoption may disrupt some market segments as<br>we know them today, opening up opportunities<br>to new players and changing the competitive<br>advantage of whole countries. Although it is<br>almost impossible to predict what will cause a<br>disruption or when it will happen, it is possible<br>to outline why a disruption in a given area may<br>occur. Understanding the \u201cwhy\u201d is important<br>from an investment point of view since it can<br>provide further parameters to evaluate investment<br>strategies.</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Disruptions happen when a new technology<br>is able to deliver better performance, ideally at a<br>lower price. Quartz watches were more accurate<br>and, after a time, cost less than the mechanical<br>ones. Cog mechanisms disappeared. However,<br>other factors may also be important. Cathode Ray<br>Tubes (CRT) screens are currently being displaced<br>not by displays that provide better images, but<br>ones that provide a thinner screen. The computer<br>market has been disrupted by PCs not because<br>they performed better than mainframe computers,<br>but because their volume shifted the market focus<br>onto them. Market volume is what matters and<br>this is why PDAs and tablet PCs are not going to</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>create a disruption. This may come from the smart<br>appliances.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In telecommunications, a disruption may<br>result from a \ufb02attening of network hierarchies.<br>Electronic switches created a disruption not<br>because they were more (actually there were<br>less), but because they reduced the hierarchy.<br>Again, routers and bridges are disruptive because<br>they \ufb02atten the network hierarchy by shifting<br>focus and responsibility. A future disruption<br>may arise from mesh networks, software radio<br>and autonomous systems. These are pieces of a<br>puzzle that will allow even \ufb02atter networks. The<br>cognitive network, in a way, is a further step,<br>which may have an impact in the second part of<br>the next decade.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The analysis of technology trajectories has<br>led to the identi\ufb01cation of nine major disruptions<br>listed in Table 7. Technologies (both those<br>involved in production and those actually making<br>up the product) are getting cheaper and cheaper.<br>At the same time, access to central management<br>and distribution centres is becoming easier (and<br>cheaper as well). This enables the transformation<br>of products into services. Rather than selling,<br>hardware companies are moving into providing<br>hardware at very low cost, or even for free, to run<br>the services. It is, in a way, the telecommunication<br>operator\u2019s model. Car manufacturers are also<br>starting to sell services along with the car.</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Health care today is structured into services<br>(doctors, hospitals, etc.) and products (drugs,<br>prosthetics, etc.). By the end of the next decade</p>\n<caption id='43' style='font-size:16px'>Table 7: Expected Technology Disruptions</caption>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3214588, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='48' style='font-size:20px'>Today\u2019s and Tomorrow\u2019s Applications for Tin</h1>\n<h1 id='49' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 SOLDER MARKET TECHNOLOGY DRIVERS:</h1>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 Electronics miniaturization impact fading,<br>\uf0a7 Lead-free conversion has resumed.</p>\n<h1 id='51' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 5G TO LEAD THE NEW ELECTRONICS ERA:</h1>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 5G to be the platform for connected future,<br>\uf0a7 Two phases of infrastructure build,<br>\uf0a7 Real market boosts beyond 2025.</p>\n<h1 id='53' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 ELECTRIC VEHICLES MAY INCREASE TIN USE:</h1>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 eV sales to reach 30% share by 2030,<br>\uf0a7 Electronics content in eV to increase x 5,<br>\uf0a7 New copper-tin components.</p>\n<h1 id='55' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 TIN TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENERGY STORAGE:</h1>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0a7 Advanced lead-acid needs tin,<br>\uf0a7 Lithium-ion technologies advancing,<br>\uf0a7 Next generation even more likely to use tin.</p>\n<h1 id='57' style='font-size:14px'>Source: International Tin Association.</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='58' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(774,468); bottom-right:(1167,713)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='59' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1033,159); bottom-right:(1448,445)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='60' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1039,763); bottom-right:(1424,967)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='61' style='font-size:16px'>INVESTOR PRESENTATION | May 2021</h1>\n<br><footer id='62' style='font-size:16px'>Page 19</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 834579, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='3' style='font-size:22px'>New opportunities abound for<br>power electronics in 2021</h1>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>POWER TRANSISTORS are an established (USD) $26 billion<br>worldwide discrete semiconductor market; however, their<br>contribution of $18.7 billion (64 percent) to the overall power<br>device forecast may one day pale [on a percentage basis] to the<br>vital role packaging technologies will play in power electronics<br>(PE) market growth. Realizing the promise of wide bandgap III-V<br>technologies such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride<br>(GaN) hinges on two major factors: reducing performance and<br>manufacturing issues that have inhibited more widespread<br>adoption paired with on-going efforts to bring production costs<br>down through defect elimination and standardization. These<br>are areas in which advanced packaging solutions can excel.<br>SiC and GaN technologies will play increasingly important roles<br>within both electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid-EV (HEV) markets, in<br>addition to consumer electronics, healthcare, and the digitization<br>of industries still tied to manual or \u2018analog\u2019 control systems.<br>SiC and GaN technologies together are expected to be key<br>factors positively impacting global PE market growth in 2021<br>and beyond. The growing need for advanced PE devices will<br>help ease the market volatility that the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic<br>wrought across international commerce.</p>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A ccording to researchers at Yole D\u00e9veloppement, manufacturers<br>should expect the potential for solid growth within the power<br>electronics industry. Yole analysts note that this market has<br>demonstrated a comfortable 10-14% growth range in past years<br>and is expected to deliver above-average return potentials for<br>2021 and beyond. Power module, power control and module<br>packaging segments will benefit from the expected 2021 global<br>market recovery. The market has already seen some stabilization<br>within 2020 thanks to the expansion of consumer electronics<br>sales and the need for work-from-home products that created<br>outsized opportunities for power control and conversion<br>technologies. As a key element of this market, power converters<br>and inverters should reach about $6 billion by 2024 with 6.6%<br>CAGR through that year.</p>\n<figure><img id='6' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"W hile GaN and SiC wide bandgap (WBG) devices are taking an\nincreasingly significant share of the discrete PE market, power\nelectronics is also a diversifying market thanks to advanced\npackaging and ongoing efforts to reduce production costs\nwhile improving serviceable lifetimes and overall reliability.\nAccording to Yole, electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EV/HEV)\nare on course to substantially move global\npower device economics, with a projected\nCAGR of 28 percent through 2023. Which\nmanufacturers may benefit the most?\nAccording to researchers, Chinese auto\nmakers are already major players in the\nindustry despite recent trade disputes\nwith the US and other countries.\nThey see dominance within this\nsegment as key to a 10-, 15-\" data-coord=\"top-left:(16,1208); bottom-right:(594,1746)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>and 20-yearlong strategies for both internal and external growth.<br>But European and North American companies founded today\u2019s<br>power electronics markets and are strongly involved in the<br>development of new, highly efficient power modules, switches<br>and related components. These legacy providers hold leadership<br>positions thanks to continuing innovation and decade\u2019s long<br>programmes to optimize manufacturing efficiency.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>P ower Electronics World is focused on the latest technological<br>breakthroughs, market trends and innovations shaping the future<br>of power transistors and related systems. How we obtain energy,<br>how we use it and conserve it directly impacts both quality of<br>life and global manufacturing opportunities. Power Electronics<br>World magazine examines the rapidly changing technologies<br>that enable our means to generate, manage, distribute and store<br>electrical energy.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>P ower Electronics World is your best resource for looking<br>beyond product announcements for in-depth analysis. We<br>explore managing and maximizing electrical power performance<br>so you can anticipate the impacts of this critical industry on our<br>futures, and our fortunes. Whether the end use is in consumer<br>electronics, EVs/HEVs, solar inverters or grid-scale renewable<br>energy plants, gain an insiders perspective on new energy<br>technologies through the pages of Power Electronics World.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Power Electronics World portfolio includes:</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a3 Power Electronics World Digital Magazine:<br>Available to read on tablet, laptop and smart phones.<br>\u00a3 Power Electronics World Website:<br>www.powerelectronicsworld.net<br>\u00a3 Power Electronics Weekly Newsletter: Circulation 53,000</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Every issue includes research, analysis, news, opinions, and<br>new technology for the whole power electronics value chain<br>from materials, devices, including applications and systems.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PEW will consider the industry drivers and report on<br>changes that could affect the industry.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a3 Power Semiconductors \u00a3 Power Management<br>\u00a3 Power Supply Design \u00a3 Energy \u00a3 Components<br>\u00a3 Applications/Systems</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Primary themes in 2021 will include, but are not limited to:</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a3 Tomorrow\u2019s power circuits: Silicon, GaN or SiC?<br>\u00a3 Growth of power semiconductors \u2013 it\u2019s all about IoT<br>\u00a3 New materials will enable new applications.<br>\u00a3 How the reshaping world economy is impacting the need<br>and manufacturing of power circuits/systems<br>\u00a3 EV & Hybrids: How will power reshape transportation?<br>\u00a3 Research and analysis: What\u2019s new in the lab?</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>powerelectronicsworld.net</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering the market study covers a decade from 2021 to 2030, and using PESTEL factors from the report, how would an increase in technological advancements and a shift in political regulations around 2025 potentially impact the Data Converter Market?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 864, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3039274, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>system evolution when xtot is suddenly increased is shown<br>1<br>in Fig. 3a, exhibiting exactly the expected behaviour.</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The negative auto-regulated system can be extended to the<br>general case of n genelets [9], [13], according to the different<br>interconnection topologies in Fig. 2. Still, an increase in<br>the total concentration of any of the gene templates, [Ttot ],<br>i<br>increases [Ti], hence [Ri]; then, all the other RNAs forming<br>products with Ri should decrease at \ufb01rst, leading to an<br>increase in the concentration of all other active genes (there<br>is a creation of more binding sites due to the increase in<br>[Ri], hence stoichiometric self-inhibition is reduced). On the<br>other hand, if [Ri] decreases, due to a decrease in [Ttot ], then<br>i<br>all the other gene template concentrations should decrease<br>because the number of binding sites progressively decreases,<br>resulting in an increased self-inhibition.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The systems are described by the equations (i = 1, . . . , n)</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c}{{\\displaystyle\\int\\dot{x}_{2i-1}=\\alpha_{i}(x_{2i-1}^{t o t}-x_{2i-1})-\\delta_{i}x_{2i-1}x_{2i},\\;({\\mathrm{templates}})}}\\\\ {{\\displaystyle\\dot{x}_{2i}=\\beta_{i}x_{2i-1}-\\delta_{i}x_{2i}-\\phi_{i}x_{2i}-P_{i},\\;({\\mathrm{RNA}})}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>where</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>(cid:81)n<br>\u2022 Pi = k x2j for the single-product case (Fig. 2 A);<br>j=1<br>\u2022 Pi = k2i,2(i\u22121)x2ix2(i\u22121) + k2i,2(i+1)x2ix2(i+1) (with<br>i \u2212 1 = n if i = 1 and i + 1 = 1 if i = n) for the<br>neighbour connection (Fig. 2 B);<br>(cid:80)<br>\u2022 Pi = k2i,2jx2ix2j for the handshake connection<br>j(cid:54)=i<br>(Fig. 2 C).</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Positivity and boundedness can still be proved, as for the<br>2-gene system. Also, the determinant is still structurally<br>positive, thus ensuring uniqueness of the equilibrium. In the<br>case of a single-product interconnection (for instance, with<br>three genes), the in\ufb02uence is structurally determined:</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>increase in variable<br>xtot xtot xtot<br>1 3 5</p>\n<h1 id='71' style='font-size:22px'>effect on variable \uf8fa\uf8fa\uf8fa\uf8fa\uf8fa\uf8fa\uf8fb ,</h1>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='72' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"(cid:122) (cid:125)(cid:124) (cid:123) (cid:122) (cid:125)(cid:124) (cid:123) (cid:122) (cid:125)(cid:124) (cid:123)\n\uf8ee + +\nx1 { +\nx2 { \uf8ef\uf8ef\uf8ef\uf8ef\uf8ef\uf8ef\uf8f0 \u2212 + \u2212\n+ \u2212 \u2212\nx3 {\n+ + +\nx4 {\nx5 {\n+ + +\nx6 { \u2212 \u2212 +\" data-coord=\"top-left:(296,970); bottom-right:(579,1134)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>consistently with the simulations shown in Fig. 3b. In<br>the case of a 3-gene neighbour/handshake interconnection,<br>instead, only the in\ufb02uences squared in blue in the above<br>sign matrix are structurally determined; the others, however,<br>despite being \u201c?\u201d from a structural point of view, still<br>have the sign provided above for reasonable choices of the<br>parameters, as is shown by the simulation in Fig. 3c.</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The results can be extended for more than 3 genes: for<br>different interconnection topologies, the simulated system<br>behaviour is shown in Figs. 3d-e-f. Note that, for the neigh-<br>bour connection, the increase in xtot induces the increase<br>1<br>in x2 ([R1], the corresponding RNA species), but not the<br>decrease of all of the other RNA species: in fact x6 (the<br>concentration of R3, which in this interconnection topology<br>is not forming products with R1) increases as well, due to<br>the decrease in x4 and x8 (the concentrations of R2 and R4,</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>with which R1 is forming products); and also x5 decreases<br>(due to the increase in x6, which ampli\ufb01es the self-inhibition<br>effect), while other gene template concentrations increase. In<br>the handshake and single-product interconnections, instead,<br>all of the other RNA species are binding with R1, hence all<br>of their concentrations decrease.</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>B. Positive-Feedback Schemes</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The 2-gene rate-regulatory feedback circuit based on<br>cross-activation is described by the reactions [6], [9], [10]<br>\u03b1i \u03b2i T\u2217 (cid:42) Tj, R1 + R2 k(cid:42) P,<br>\u03b4ij<br>Ti (cid:42) T\u2217 , Ti (cid:42) Ri + Ti, Ri +<br>i<br>j<br>where i \u2208 {1, 2} (see Fig. 1b). We also consider a sponta-<br>\u03c6i<br>neous RNA degradation Ri (cid:42) \u2205. Using mass action kinetics,<br>and denoting x1 = [T1], x2 = [R1], x3 = [T2], x4 = [R2],<br>the reactions can be associated with the ODE system:</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l}{{\\displaystyle\\left[\\dot{x}_{1}=-\\alpha_{1}x_{1}+\\delta_{14}x_{4}(x_{1}^{t o t}-x_{1})}}\\\\ {{\\displaystyle\\dot{x}_{2}=\\beta_{1}x_{1}-k x_{2}x_{4}-\\delta_{23}x_{2}(x_{3}^{t o t}-x_{3})-\\phi_{1}x_{2}}}\\\\ {{\\displaystyle\\dot{x}_{3}=-\\alpha_{2}x_{3}-k x_{4}(x_{1}^{t o t}-x_{3})-\\phi_{2}x_{4}}}\\end{array}\\right.$$</p>\n<br><caption id='79' style='font-size:18px'>(3)</caption>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Given the set Bp = {x \u2208 R4 : 0 \u2264 x1 \u2264 xtot , 0 \u2264 x2 \u2264<br>1<br>x+ , 0 \u2264 x3 \u2264 xtot , 0 \u2264 x4 \u2264 x+ }, where x+ = \u03b21 xtot and<br>3<br>4<br>2<br>2<br>\u03c61 1<br>x+ = \u03b22 xtot , the following result can be proved along the<br>4<br>\u03c62 2<br>lines of Proposition 1.</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Proposition 2: System (3) is positive and its solutions are<br>globally asymptotically bounded in Bp for any nonnegative<br>initial condition such that x1(0) \u2264 xtot and x3(0) \u2264 xtot .<br>3<br>1</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\uf8f9</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Hence, an equilibrium point \u00afx exists inside Bp ([20], [21],<br>[22]); the Jacobian matrix Apos, corresponding to the lin-<br>earization of the system around \u00afx, is shown in Table II. The<br>system Jacobian is sign-de\ufb01nite. Even though det(\u2212Apos)<br>is not structurally positive, it is positive for a reasonable<br>choice of the parameters (due to the order of magnitude of<br>the parameters in the real system, the only term that can<br>be negative is much smaller). Assuming that the equilibrium<br>is asymptotically stable, the computation of the input-output<br>in\ufb02uences according to the methods in [12] provides:</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>increase in variable</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>xtot xtot</p>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='86' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"1 3\n(cid:122)(cid:125)(cid:124)(cid:123) (cid:122)(cid:125)(cid:124)(cid:123)\n\uf8ee \uf8f9\nx1 { + +\nx2 { \uf8ef\uf8ef\uf8f0 + + \uf8fa\uf8fa\uf8fb .\n+ ?\nx3 {\nx4 { ? +\" data-coord=\"top-left:(872,1159); bottom-right:(1114,1285)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>effect on variable</p>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Therefore, when the gene template concentration is varied,<br>steady-state input-output in\ufb02uences are structurally signed<br>for most of the species concentrations, but not for all of<br>them. However, both of the indeterminate expressions are<br>actually negative for reasonable choices of the parameters<br>(as in [9]); hence, if xtot increases, x4 decreases and, if<br>1<br>xtot increases, x2 decreases as well, consistently with the<br>3<br>simulations in Fig. 4a. Therefore, for suitable parameter<br>values, the behaviour in the case of positive feedback (cross-<br>activation) seems to be the same as in the case of negative</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3580798, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Hence \u03b61 = \u03b62 must hold in equilibrium. In this case the \ufb01rst-order conditions derived above<br>need not hold with equality, because the payo\ufb00s in (23) are derived under the assumption that<br>\u03b61 \u2264 \u03b62, so that the same payo\ufb00 expressions apply only to downward deviations of \u03b61 and upward<br>deviations of \u03b62. Given this, the \ufb01rst-order conditions become inequalities \u2202U1 \u2265 0 and \u2202U2 \u2264 0<br>\u2202\u03b61 \u2202\u03b62<br>(evaluated at the equilibrium choices). These translate into the following inequality versions of<br>(24) and (25):</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='equation'>$$r\\frac{2\\zeta_{1}-\\zeta_{2}}{\\phi_{1}(\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2})}\\leq\\frac{\\phi_{2}}{\\zeta_{1}\\phi_{2}+\\zeta_{2}\\phi_{1}};$$</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Since we already know \u03b61 = \u03b62, the two inequalities above must both hold equal, and we further<br>deduce that<br>(cid:114)</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='equation'>$$\\zeta_{1}=\\zeta_{2}=\\sqrt{\\frac{\\phi_{1}\\phi_{2}}{r}}.$$</p>\n<br><p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(cid:113)</p>\n<br><caption id='88' style='font-size:18px'>(26)</caption>\n<p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Note also that given \u03b62 = \u03c61\u03c62 , choosing \u03b61 to be any smaller number cannot be pro\ufb01table<br>r<br>for source 1. This is because as \u03b61 decreases, the term r \u03b62\u22122\u03b61 + \u03c62 appearing in \u2202U1<br>\u03c61(\u03c61+\u03c62) \u03b61\u03c62+\u03b62\u03c61 \u2202\u03b61<br>(cid:113)<br>increases and remains positive. So the choice \u03b61 = \u03c61\u03c62 is robust to any downward deviation (in<br>r<br>this variable). Similarly, given this \u03b61, choosing any larger \u03b62 is not pro\ufb01table for source 2. By<br>symmetry, source 1 (respectively source 2) also cannot pro\ufb01t from upward (respectively downward)<br>deviations in precision.</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>O.6.3 Solving for Equilibrium Biases \u03c6\u2217 1, \u03c6\u2217 2</p>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We now \ufb01x precision choices and characterize equilibrium levels of bias. Since \u03b61 = \u03b62 in equilibrium,<br>we have t\u2217 = 0, meaning that there is no stage 1. Hence the two sources\u2019 payo\ufb00s simplify to<br>1</p>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c}{{U_{1}=\\frac{\\phi_{2}}{\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2}}-\\lambda(1-\\phi_{1})^{2};}}\\\\ {{U_{2}=\\frac{\\phi_{1}}{\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2}}-\\lambda(1-\\phi_{2})^{2}.}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='93' style='font-size:18px'>(27)</caption>\n<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In this smaller game, we will show that there is a (unique) pure strategy equilibrium if and only if<br>(cid:16) (cid:113) (cid:17)<br>\u03bb \u2265 9 , in which case the equilibrium involves \u03c61 = \u03c62 = 1 1 + 1 \u2212 1 .<br>2 2\u03bb<br>16</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The \ufb01rst-order conditions \u2202Ui = 0 give<br>\u2202\u03c6i</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='equation'>$$2\\lambda(1-\\phi_{1})=\\frac{\\phi_{2}}{(\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2})^{2}};\\qquad\\qquad2\\lambda(1-\\phi_{2})=\\frac{\\phi_{1}}{(\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2})^{2}}.$$</p>\n<br><caption id='97' style='font-size:18px'>(28)</caption>\n<p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u22022Ui<br>In addition, the second-order conditions \u2264 0 give<br>\u2202\u03c62<br>i</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='equation'>$$2\\lambda\\ge\\frac{2\\phi_{2}}{(\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2})^{3}};\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad2\\lambda\\ge\\frac{2\\phi_{1}}{(\\phi_{1}+\\phi_{2})^{3}}.$$</p>\n<br><caption id='100' style='font-size:18px'>(29)</caption>\n<footer id='101' style='font-size:22px'>21</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2240804, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>assuming a < \u00afa does not rule out the possibility that KN B > KSP . We will assume that a < \u00afa<br>throughout the remainder of the analysis.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Taking the derivative of GW (lI ) with respect to \u03c6 gives us</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='equation'>$$\\frac{\\partial G W\\left(l_{I}\\right)}{\\partial\\phi}=-\\frac{1+z s\\left(1+a\\right)}{2\\left(1-\\phi\\right)}w^{N B}+\\frac{\\psi^{N B}}{\\left(1-2\\alpha\\right)\\left(1-\\phi\\right)}K^{N B}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='17' style='font-size:14px'>(27)</caption>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This has the same basic form as \u2202SW/\u2202\u03c6 and \u2202GW (lI : c(lI ) = 0) /\u2202\u03c6, except that \u2202GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c6<br>incorporates terms in a. In addition, here we require a < \u00afa to ensure that \u03c8N B > 0, whereas \u03c8SW > 0<br>and \u03c8N L > 0 under existing parameter restrictions. Since \u22022GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c62 has the same basic form<br>as \u22022SW/\u2202\u03c62 shown by (13), whereby \u03c8SP > 0 guarantees \u22022SW/\u2202\u03c62 > 0, we also have that since<br>a < \u00afa guarantees \u03c8SP > 0, it guarantees \u22022GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c62 > 0 and hence the convexity of GW (lI ) in<br>\u03c6 as well.</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Now, given a < \u00afa, like for SW and GW (lI : c(lI ) = 0), GW (lI ) is either monotonically increas-<br>ing, or monotonically decreasing, in \u03c6. This again depends on w\u2217 + \u03b3, which if small means wN B<br>and<br>is small and hence the \ufb01rst term of (19) is negative and small in absolute value, while 1/wN B<br>hence the second term is positive and large in absolute value. This makes \u2202GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c6 increasingly<br>positive (negative) as we make w\u2217 + \u03b3 smaller (larger).</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Moreover, like for SW and GW (lI : c(lI ) = 0), for given parameter values, there exists a unique<br>\ufb01nite positive value of w\u2217 + \u03b3 at which \u2202GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c6 = 0. We will denote this value of w\u2217 + \u03b3 by<br>(cid:36)N B (\u03c6), in parallel to our derivation of (cid:36)SW (\u03c6) and (cid:36)N L (\u03c6) above. Accordingly, we will denote<br>(cid:36)N B (0) by (cid:36)N B (cid:36)N B (cid:0)\u00af\u03c6(cid:1) by (cid:36)N B. As we can see, in qualitative terms, our characterization of<br>and<br>the way that an increase in \u03c6 affects social welfare carries over to the way that an increase in \u03c6 affects<br>the government\u2019s payoff, not just under \u2018no lobbying\u2019 but under lobbying as well.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Like for SW and GW (lI : c(lI ) = 0), we have now shown the conditions under which the effect<br>of \u03c6 on GW (lI ) is monotonic. So we can infer the effect on GW (lI ) of adoption of naturalization,<br>formalized by an increase in \u03c6 from \u03c6 = 0 to \u03c6 = \u00af\u03c6. If w\u2217 + \u03b3 < (cid:36)N B \u2202GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c6 > 0 for any<br>then<br>\u03c6 \u2208 (cid:2)0, \u00af\u03c6(cid:3), and so GW (lI ) must increase for an increase of \u03c6 from \u03c6 = 0 to \u03c6 = \u00af\u03c6. If on the other hand<br>w\u2217 + \u03b3 > (cid:36)N B \u2202GW (lI ) /\u2202\u03c6 < 0 for any \u03c6 \u2208 (cid:2)0, \u00af\u03c6(cid:3), and so GW (lI ) must decrease for such an<br>then<br>increase in \u03c6.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>We will see in due course that \u03c3 plays a decisive role in the determination of whether the gov-<br>ernment\u2019s payoff is maximized under naturalization, \u03c6 = \u00af\u03c6, or without naturalization, \u03c6 = 0. But<br>\ufb01rst, to establish a parallel between our analysis of GWL with GNL, let us \ufb01x government bargaining</p>\n<footer id='23' style='font-size:14px'>31</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 69084, "type": "text", "content": "$${\\mathrm{(BI1)}}\\quad{\\mathrm{dil}}_{\\alpha}{}^{\\prime(A\\alpha=\\\n{\\frac{\\pi}{\\lambda}}\\ {\\mathrm{\\bf~b}}}_{\\bar{\\lambda}}\\\n,\\b{\\mathrm{,~j}}^{\\mathrm{{\\bf~t}}}{\\mathrm{\\bf~(xi_{i},j\\bar{\\bf-}i\\nu_{i},j\\bar{\\bf-}i\\bar{\\nu}_{j},j\\mathrm{-1}}}\\cdot\\phi_{\\bar{\\bf-}1}{}^{\\gamma}{}_{\\bar{\\lambda}},\\mathrm{\\bf~j}{\\bf-}{\\bf\\bar{\\bf)}}_{\\bar{\\lambda}}\\\n,\\mathrm{\\bf~j}{\\bf-}{\\bf\\bar{\\bf-}}^{\\bar{\\omega}}{}_{\\lambda},\\mathrm{\\bf~j}{\\bf\\bar{\\lambda}}^{\\prime}{}_{\\lambda},\\mathrm{\\bfj}{\\bf\\bf)}$$\n\n\n$$\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad(1737373737373736363636363636969696969696969696969696999999992325355559999999999999999999999999000999999999999999999000999999999999999000099999000000999999999999999999990000009999999900000009999999999999999999999990000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000$$\n\n\n$$\\left.-(\\hat{\\phi}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{j}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{j}}}})\\right.(\\hat{\\phi}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{j}}}}\\delta_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{j}}}}-1}\\hat{\\vartheta}\\left[\\hat{\\hat{\\Phi}}}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}},{}_{\\underline{{{i}}}}-1})^{-2}\\right.\\Sigma_{\\underline{{{i}}}}$$\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3113910, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='51' style='font-size:14px'>25</header>\n<br><h1 id='52' style='font-size:14px'>DECREASING IMPATIENCE</h1>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Proposition 1, all of {\u03b4i} and p, \u00afp are mutually absolutely continuous. From here,<br>we pick a probability measure \u00b5 with respect to which all measures are mutually<br>absolutely continuous, and with a slight abuse of notation, refer to the Radon<br>Nikodym derivative of any measure \u03bd with respect to \u00b5 as \u03bd \u2208 L1(\u2126, \u00b5).</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>All relevant statements below are understood to hold \u00b5-almost everywhere,<br>without further mention.</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Now, as a \ufb01rst point, by Proposition 1, we have the existence of \u03b1i and \u00af\u03b1i, for<br>each equilibrium.</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>It is easy to see that for any \u03c9 \u2208 \u2126 and any i, if xi(\u03c9) > 0, then p(\u03c9) =<br>\u03b1i\u03b4i(\u03c9), so that p(\u03c9)xi(\u03c9) 1 p(\u03c9) = p(\u03c9)xi(\u03c9)\u03b4i(\u03c9). And since \u03b1i\u03b4i(\u03c9) \u2264 \u00afp(\u03c9),<br>\u00af<br>\u03b1i<br>1 p(\u03c9). Consequently:<br>we conclude that p(\u03c9)xi(\u03c9)\u03b4i(\u03c9) \u2264 p(\u03c9)xi(\u03c9) \u00af<br>\u00af<br>\u03b1i</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='equation'>$$p(\\omega)x_{i}(\\omega)\\frac{1}{\\alpha_{i}}p(\\omega)\\leq p(\\omega)x_{i}(\\omega)\\frac{1}{\\bar{\\alpha}_{i}}\\bar{p}(\\omega).$$</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Symmetrically,</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='equation'>$$\\bar{p}(\\omega)\\bar{x}_{i}(\\omega)\\frac{1}{\\bar{\\alpha}_{i}}\\bar{p}(\\omega)\\leq\\bar{p}(\\omega)\\bar{x}_{i}(\\omega)\\frac{1}{\\alpha_{i}}p(\\omega).$$</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>By mutual absolute continuity, and by multiplying the two inequalities point-<br>wise, we have that for every (\u03c9, \u03c9(cid:48)) \u2208 \u2126 \u00d7 \u2126, p(\u03c9)xi(\u03c9)\u00afp(\u03c9(cid:48))\u00afxi(\u03c9(cid:48))p(\u03c9)\u00afp(\u03c9(cid:48)) \u2264<br>p(\u03c9)xi(\u03c9)\u00afp(\u03c9(cid:48))\u00afxi(\u03c9(cid:48))\u00afp(\u03c9)p(\u03c9(cid:48)).</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Hence, since these densities are \u00b5-almost everywhere strictly positive,</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='equation'>$$p(\\omega)x_{i}(\\omega)\\bar{p}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\bar{x}_{i}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\bar{\\underline{{{p}}}}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\leq p(\\omega)x_{i}(\\omega)\\bar{p}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\bar{x}_{i}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega)}{p(\\omega)}$$</p>\n<br><p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>So, integrating with respect to the product measure \u00b5 \u00d7 \u00b5 on \u2126 \u00d7 \u2126 we obtain<br>that</p>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='equation'>$$w_{i}\\int\\bar{p}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\bar{x}_{i}(\\omega^{\\prime})\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega^{\\prime})}{p(\\omega^{\\prime})}d\\mu(\\omega^{\\prime})\\leq w_{i}\\int p(\\omega)x_{i}(\\omega)\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega)}{p(\\omega)}d\\mu(\\omega)$$</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Since wi > 0 and adding over i \u2208 N (which is \ufb01nite), we may pass the sum<br>inside the integral to obtain</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='equation'>$$\\int\\bar{p}(\\omega)(\\sum_{i}\\bar{x}_{i}(\\omega))\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega)}{p(\\omega)}d\\mu(\\omega)\\leq\\int p(\\omega)(\\sum_{i}x_{i}(\\omega))\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega)}{p(\\omega)}d\\mu(\\omega).$$</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Each of xi and \u00afxi is an allocation, so</p>\n<caption id='68' style='font-size:18px'>(3)</caption>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='equation'>$$\\int\\bar{p}(\\omega)\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega)}{p(\\omega)}d\\mu(\\omega)\\leq\\int p(\\omega)\\frac{\\bar{p}(\\omega)}{p(\\omega)}d\\mu(\\omega)=1.$$</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2296147, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(cid:80)<br>is no less than i, j fi j(q). To prove the theorem we repeatedly increase demand<br>on some edges (i, j) with \u03c6i j > 0 and fi j(q) = 0, but also decrease demand on some<br>edges (\u00afi, \u00afj) with f\u00afi \u00afj(q) > 0. Equivalently, we increase quantiles qi j and decrease<br>quantiles q\u00afi \u00afj. To ensure that edges of the second kind do not have their \ufb02ow<br>reduced by too much relative to f\u00afi \u00afj(q), we set</p>\n<p id='1' data-category='equation'>$$\\delta=\\frac{\\epsilon}{k}\\times\\operatorname*{min}\\Bigl\\{\\operatorname*{min}_{i,j}\\Bigl\\{f_{i j}({\\bf{q}}):f_{i j}({\\bf{q}})>0\\Bigr\\},\\operatorname*{min}_{i,j}\\Bigl\\{\\phi_{i j}-f_{i j}({\\bf{q}}):\\phi_{i j}-f_{i j}({\\bf{q}})>0\\Bigr\\}\\Bigr\\}.$$</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Whenever we change the demand on an edge, this is done by an additive \u03b4<br>amount. Reducing \ufb02ow at most k times to obtain fi j(q(cid:48)) we guarantee that<br>\u03c6i j \u2265 fi j(q(cid:48)) \u2265 (1 \u2212 (cid:15)) fi j(q) holds which implies that the total throughput cannot<br>change by more than a factor (1 \u2212 (cid:15)).</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>As we assume that our underlying graph with edge-set {(i, j) : \u03c6i j > 0} is<br>strongly connected, it must be the case that the graph with edge set {(i, j) :<br>\u03c6i jqi j > 0} contains a minimal sequence of components C1, C2, . . . , Cd = C1, d > 2,<br>and nodes u(cid:96), v(cid:96) \u2208 C(cid:96) such that \u03c6u(cid:96)v(cid:96)+1 > 0, but fu(cid:96)v(cid:96)+1 = 0. In particular, it being<br>minimal implies that no component other than the \ufb01rst appears repeatedly. Since<br>each u(cid:96), v(cid:96) are in the same strongly connected component of the graph with edge-<br>set {(i, j) : fi j(q) > 0}, we know that for each (cid:96) there exists a simple path from<br>u(cid:96) to v(cid:96) with positive demand on it. We change the quantiles as follows: for all<br>pairs (u(cid:96), v(cid:96)+1) we increase the quantiles qu(cid:96),v(cid:96)+1 so that the steady-state rate of units<br>increases by \u03b4 and for each edge along the path from u(cid:96) to v(cid:96) we decrease the<br>quantiles so that the steady-state rate of units decreases by \u03b4. At all other edges<br>the quantiles remain unchanged.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>We \ufb01rst argue that this again gives rise to a demand circulation: Each node<br>along a path within a component has its in-\ufb02ow and out-\ufb02ow (of demand)<br>reduced by \u03b4, whereas at the nodes ui, vi both the sum of in-\ufb02ows and the sum of</p>\n<footer id='5' style='font-size:18px'>201</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3037185, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\\/<br>\\/ O )O bfO bfO<br>bfO b(fbheN<br>O O O O<br>Hence g\u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd j \u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd = g\u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd j \u222b O \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd<br>U~U} U~U} U~U} U~U}\\=MN<br>L\\/<br>l<br>If \ud835\udf19 = 0, then this equals (cid:130) (cid:132) , which will be less than 1 whenever T\u2019>T and 1 > \ud835\udefe.<br>lx<br>b(cid:136)O bfO<br>L\\/<br>O O l \ud835\udc49]\ud835\udefd[; \ud835\udc4d\u2018 < (cid:130) (cid:132) \u2264 1, whenever<br>l<br>If \ud835\udf19 < 0, then \u222b O \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc65 < \u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd = and so<br>U~U} lx lx<br>(~U}\\=MN<br>T\u2019>T and 1 > \ud835\udefe. Consequently, it is never welfare enhancing to let T\u2019>T if \ud835\udf19 \u2264 0.<br>The derivative of \ud835\udc49(\ud835\udefd[; \ud835\udc4d) with respect to \ud835\udefd[ yields:</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='equation'>$$\\gamma e^{\\frac{-\\beta^{2}}{2\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}}}{\\bigg(}\\mathrm{J}_{\\beta>\\beta}e^{\\frac{-\\beta^{2}}{2\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}}}d\\beta{\\bigg)}^{-\\gamma-1}\\int_{\\beta>\\beta-\\phi\\sigma_{\\alpha}^{2}}e^{\\frac{-\\beta^{2}}{2\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}}}d\\beta-\\left(\\mathrm{J}_{\\beta>\\beta}e^{\\frac{-\\beta^{2}}{2\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}}}d\\beta{\\bigg)}^{-\\gamma}e^{\\frac{-\\beta-\\beta^{2}}{2\\sigma_{\\beta}^{2}}},{\\mathrm{which~is~posilve~ifve~sp-\\hat{\\mathrm{T}}}}\\right).$$</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O (cid:137)</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>OheN f} bhOeN bfO<br>O O<br>Oef Oef<br>z \u222b z {U<br>f|f} \ud835\udefd[ goes to negative infinity (which<br>and only if \ud835\udefe > bfO \ud835\udf19 > 0, then as<br>. If<br>O<br>Oef<br>\u222b O z {U<br>f|f} bheN</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>corresponds to T=T\u2019), the right hand side of the equation goes to zero, and consequently, increasing<br>T\u2019 above T is optimal.</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>The derivative of \ud835\udc49(\ud835\udefd[; \ud835\udc4d) with respect to \ud835\udefe is</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\\/ O )O bfO<br>bfO b(fbheN<br>O O O<br>\u2212 g\u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd j \u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd \ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5b g\u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd j > 0, and so that if some value of T\u2019>T<br>U~U} U~U} U~U}</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>yields the same welfare as T for any value of \ud835\udefe, then for all values of \ud835\udefe\u2032 > \ud835\udefe, an allocation of T\u2019<br>will yield higher welfare than T.<br>If the variance of \ud835\udefd is independent of \ud835\udf19, then the derivative of \ud835\udc49(\ud835\udefd[; \ud835\udc4d) with respect to \ud835\udf19 (holding<br>\\/<br>O f} bhOeN (cid:137) bfO<br>bf} OiOheN<br>O O(cid:132) O<br>C constant) is positive, and given by \ud835\udf0e+ C\ud835\udc52 O(cid:130)hOeN ieP<br>g\u222b \ud835\udc52 Oef \ud835\udc51\ud835\udefd j > 0. Consequently,<br>\ud835\udf0eU<br>U~U}<br>if some value of T\u2019>T yields the same welfare as T for any value of \ud835\udf19,then for all values of \ud835\udf19\u2032 ><br>C constant), T\u2019 will yield higher values of \ud835\udc49]\ud835\udefd[; \ud835\udc4d\u2018.<br>\ud835\udf19 (holding \ud835\udf0eU</p>\n<footer id='81' style='font-size:18px'>36</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2196756, "type": "text", "content": "lims\u2192\u221e s\u03a6i(s)). Hence \u03c6(0) = I. Moreover, all \u03c6i(t) are strictly \ndecreasing, as can be shown by considering their derivative:\n\n\n$$\\begin{array}{r\nl}{{\\mathcal{L}}[{\\tilde{\\phi}}_{i}(t)]=s\\Phi_{i}(s)-\\phi_{i}(0)}\\\\\\ {\\ \\ \\ \\\n\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\\n-k\\Omega_{i}^{2}+r)S+k\\Omega_{i}^{2}}\\end{array}$$\n\n\n \n\n$$\\|x(t)\\|\\leq\\rho{\\frac{1}{k\\Omega_{1}^{2}}},$$\n\n\n(26)\n\n\nThis transfer function has real poles only, no zeros, and a neg- \native coe\ufb03cient at the numerator, so its inverse Laplace trans- \nform \u02d9\u03c6i(t) is negative [27, 28]. Hence, all \u03c6i(t)\u2019s are equal to 1 \nat t = 0 and converge to 0 for t \u2192 \u221e (since the poles of the \ntransfer function are real and negative). Therefore, they must \nbe always positive and bounded as (cid:107)\u03c6(t)(cid:107)\u2264 1 for all t. Hence, \n|xi(t)|< |x0,i| for t > 0. Coming back to z, the inverse transform \nof Z(s) is z(t) = P\u03c6(t)P(cid:62)z0. So, for a perturbation of size\n(cid:107)z0(cid:107),\n\n\n \n\n$$\\|z(t)\\|=\\|P\\phi(t)P^{\\top}z_{0}\\|\\leq\\|\\phi(t)\\||z_{0}\\|\\leq\\|z_{0}\\|,\\;\\;\\;\\mathrm{for}\\;\\;t>0.\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;(27)$$\n\n\n \n\nThe previous inequality ensures string-stability, namely, the prop- \nagation of the perturbation has e\ufb00ects that do not exceed in size \nthe perturbation itself. Intuitively, string-stability means that \nthe closed-loop system behaves as a transmission line with no \nre\ufb02ections, where any propagating wave is suitably damped. \nAssume there is a misplacement (error) measured by |zi(0)|= \u03b6, \nthen (cid:107)z0(cid:107)= \u03b6, this implies that (cid:107)z(t)(cid:107)< \u03b6.\nSince the norm is \ngreater or equal than the magnitude of any component, |zk(t)|\u2264 \u03b6 \nfor all the components k, hence no component will exceed the \ninitial size \u03b6. More formally:\n\n\n \n\nProposition 2. If zi(0) = \u03b6 (cid:54)= 0 and z j(0) = 0 for j (cid:54)= i, then \n|zk(t)|\u2264 \u03b6 for all t > 0 and for all the components k.\n\n\n \n\nTo determine the e\ufb00ect of a nonzero disturbance \u2206, we can \nconsider Eqs. (13) and (20) indi\ufb00erently, since the transforma- \ntion P(cid:62) is norm-preserving (the norms of z and of x = P(cid:62)z are \nequal). Consider Eq. (20) with (cid:107)\u02c6\u03b4(t)(cid:107)\u2264 \u03c1. Then, the transfer \nfunction is \u0393(s): X(s) = \u0393(s) \u02c6\u2206(s).\n\n\n \n\nIf we assume zero initial conditions and consider the inverse \nLaplace transform \u03b3(t) = L\u22121[\u0393(s)], the solution is given by the \n(cid:82) t \n\u02c6 \u2212 \u03c3)d\u03c3. Then \n\u03b3(\u03c3) \u03b4(t \nconvolution x(t) = \n0\n\n\n$$\\begin{array}{l}{{||x(t)||=\\left|\\left|\\int_{0}^{t}\\gamma(\\sigma)\\\n\\hat{\\delta}(t-\\sigma)d\\sigma\\right|\\right|\\right|\\left.\\begin{array}{c}{{}}\\\\\\\n{{\\leq\\int_{0}^{t}||\\gamma(\\sigma)||d\\sigma=\\rho\\operatorname*{max}\\int_{|1}^{\\infty}(\\gamma)|d\\sigma=\\rho\\operatorname*{max}\\int_{0}^{\\infty}\\left||\\gamma(\\sigma)|d\\sigma\\right.}}\\\\\\\n{{\\leq\\rho\\int_{0}^{t}||\\gamma(\\sigma)||d\\sigma=\\rho\\\n\\int_{0}^{\\infty}\\int_{0}^{\\infty}\\left||\\gamma(\\sigma)|d\\sigma=\\rho\\operatorname*{max}\\int_{0}^{\\infty}\\gamma_{k}(\\sigma)d\\sigma.}}\\end{array}$$\n\n\n$$\\int_{0}^{\\infty}\\gamma_{k}(\\sigma)d\\sigma=\\left.{\\frac{1}{s^{2}+(h\\Omega_{i}^{2}+r\nI)s+k\\Omega_{i}^{2}}}\\right|_{s=0}=\\frac{1}{k\\Omega_{i}^{2}}.$$\n\n\n \n\nWe removed the absolute value because \u03b3k(\u03c3) is a positive func- \ntion. In fact, it has real poles only, no zeros and a positive coef- \n\ufb01cient at the numerator [27, 28]. The value of the integral can \nbe computed by means of the \ufb01nal value theorem:\n\n\n \n\nThis results in the bound\n\n\nwhere \u21262 is the smallest eigenvalue of M (i.e., the smallest \n1 \nnonzero eigenvalue of L). Recall that (cid:107)x(t)(cid:107)=\n(cid:107)z(t)(cid:107).\n\n\n \n\nThe error given by Eq. (18) scales with k, h and r, if we \nassume that v is \ufb01xed and exactly known. On the other hand, \nEq. (23) is assumed to hold, hence hr > k. If we take h/k = \n(1 + (cid:15))/r, with (cid:15) > 0, the overall error scales linearly with k:\n\n\n \n(28)\n\n\n(cid:13)\n\n\n \n\n(cid:13)\n\n\n \n\n$$\\begin{array}{l}{{||\\delta_{i}||=k\\left|\\right|\\prod\\d Q_{\\varphi}\\frac{d}{d\nt}\\delta y_{i+1}+\\frac{1+\\epsilon}{r}\\frac{d}{d t}\\delta y_{i-1}+\\delta\ny_{i+1}+\\delta y_{i-1}|}}\\\\\\ {{\\leq k\\delta_{M.}}}\\end{array}$$\n\n\n \n\n(cid:13)\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 661046, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Now, \uf0c1 is the density of a normal random variable with mean \uf0b9\uf061 1 and variance \uf0be2 \uf061 1. Therefore,</p>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2212 \u2212</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='equation'>$$\\frac{d}{d\\mu_{a-1}}[\\frac{\\phi(x_{2}|\\mu_{a-1},a)}{\\phi(x_{1}|\\mu_{a-1},a)}]=\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2\\pi}\\sigma_{a-1}}\\frac{d}{d\\mu_{a-1}}\\exp[\\frac{(x_{1}-\\mu_{a-1})^{2}-(x_{2}-\\mu_{a-1})^{2}}{2\\sigma_{a-1}^{2}}]}{\\langle\\frac{(x_{2}-x_{1})}{(x_{a-1}}\\exp[\\frac{(x_{1}-\\mu_{a-1})^{2}-(x_{2}-\\mu_{a-1})^{2}}{2\\sigma_{a-1}^{2}}]>0,$$</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2212 \u2212 \u2212</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>where the inequality follows because \uf0782 \uf03e \uf0781. Thus, \uf0c3(\uf0b9\uf061 \uf078\uf061\uf03b \uf061) satis\ufb01es the MLRP strictly.<br>\u2212 1|<br>This implies that \u2126 is increasing in \uf078\uf061 in the sense of \ufb01rst-order stochastic dominance \u2014 Milgrom<br>(1981).</p>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:20px'>Proof of Proposition 7. Note that</h1>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l l l}{{W^{o}(x_{a},a)}}&{{=}}&{{\\displaystyle\\int W(\\mu_{a-1},a)d\\Omega(\\mu_{a-1}|x_{a},a)}}\\\\ {{}}&{{=}}&{{\\displaystyle-\\left[\\int(-W(\\mu_{a-1},a))d\\Omega(\\mu_{a-1}|x_{a},a)\\right]}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><caption id='7' style='font-size:20px'>(40)</caption>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>By Proposition 3, \uf057 (\uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03b \uf061) is decreasing in \uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03a Therefore, \uf057 (\uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03b \uf061) is increasing in \uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03a<br>\u2212 \u2212 \u2212 \u2212 \u2212<br>Furthermore, \u2126(\uf0b9\uf061 \uf078\uf061\uf03b \uf061) is increasing in \uf078\uf061 in the sense of \ufb01rst-order stochastic dominance,<br>\u2212 1|<br>as shown in the proof of Proposition 5. Consequently, the integral inside the brackets (40) is<br>increasing in \uf078\uf061 \u2014 Hadar and Russell (1971, Theorem 1). It follows that \uf057 \uf06f(\uf078\uf061\uf03b \uf061) is decreasing<br>in \uf078\uf061\uf03a</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Proof of Proposition 8. \uf055 \uf06f is increasing in \uf078\uf061. Observe that \uf055 (\uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03b \uf0b9\uf061 2\uf03b \uf03b \uf0b90\uf03b \uf061) is<br>\u2212 \u2212 \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7<br>increasing in \uf0b9\uf06d 1, for \uf06d = 1\uf03b \uf03b \uf061, because from (19)</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2212 \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='equation'>$$\\frac{d U(\\mu_{a-1},\\mu_{a-2},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,\\mu_{0},a)}{d\\mu_{m-1}}=\\prod_{j=1,j\\neq m}^{a}[1-\\omega_{j}T(\\mu_{j-1},j)]\\omega_{m}\\frac{d T(\\mu_{m-1},m)}{d\\mu_{m-1}}>0.$$</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Q<br>The sign of the expression follows from Proposition 1. Next, let \uf0bb(\uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03b \uf0b9\uf061 2\uf03b \uf03b \uf0b90| \uf078\uf061\uf03b \uf061) be<br>\u2212 \u2212 \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7<br>the density function for the sequence of priors (\uf0b9\uf061 1\uf03b \uf0b9\uf061 2\uf03b \uf03b \uf0b90) conditional on \uf078\uf061 and \uf061. This<br>\u2212 \u2212 \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7<br>density can be expressed in terms of a product of one-step conditional densities</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='equation'>$$\\xi(\\mu_{a-1},\\mu_{a-2},\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot\\,,\\mu_{0}|x_{a},a)=\\psi(\\mu_{a-1}|x_{a},a)\\zeta(\\mu_{a-2}|\\mu_{a-1},a)\\cdot\\cdot\\zeta(\\mu_{1}|\\mu_{2},a),$$</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>where \uf0b3(\uf0b9\uf06d \uf0b9\uf06d 1\uf03b \uf06d) is the density of \uf0b9\uf06d 2 conditioned on \uf0b9\uf06d 1 and \uf06d. The form of the above<br>\u2212 2| \u2212 \u2212 \u2212<br>expression is justi\ufb01ed from (9). Note that \uf0b90 = \uf0c2 is \ufb01xed (non-random). Therefore,</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{r c l}{{U^{o}(x_{a},a)}}&{{=}}&{{\\displaystyle\\int U(\\mu_{a-1},\\mu_{a-2},\\cdots,\\mu_{0},a)\\xi(\\mu_{a-1},\\mu_{a-2},\\cdots,\\mu_{0}|x_{a},a)d\\mu_{a-1}\\cdots d\\mu_{1}d\\Gamma(\\omega_{a-1})\\cdots d\\Gamma(\\omega_{0})}}\\\\ {{}}&{{=}}&{{\\displaystyle\\int I_{a-2}(\\mu_{a-1},a)\\varphi(\\mu_{a-1}|x_{a},a)d\\mu_{a-1}d\\Gamma(\\omega_{a-1})\\cdots d\\Gamma(\\omega_{0}),}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Z</p>\n<br><h1 id='17' style='font-size:20px'>where</h1>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='equation'>$$I_{m}(\\mu_{m+1},a)=\\int I_{m-1}(\\mu_{m},a)\\zeta(\\mu_{m}|\\mu_{m+1},a)d\\mu_{m},\\,\\mathrm{for}\\;m=2,\\cdot\\cdot\\cdot,a-2,$$</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Z</p>\n<br><footer id='20' style='font-size:20px'>16</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2594867, "type": "text", "content": "$$\\quad(7)\\qquad\\qquad\\qquad\\Phi\\;=\\;\\frac{\\xi\\;\\left(\\,\\gamma\\,\\sigma^{2}\\mathrm{\\large~}\\Gamma\\,\\otimes^{2}\\mathrm{\\large~\\left(~\\right.~\\right.~\\right.~\\delta\\,\\sigma_{~}^{2}\\mathrm{\\tiny~A~}\\right)\\,}}{\\sqrt{\\mathrm{\\large~\\stackrel{\\scriptstyle~\\mathcal~2~}~}{\\mathrm{\\tiny~q~}_{\\mathrm{\\tiny~q}}}\\mathrm{\\large~\\left.~\\right.~\\left.~\\vphantom~~\\scriptstyle{\\cal~\\Delta}~}\\mathrm{\\tiny~\\left.~\\vphantom~~\\scriptstyle{\\cal~C~}_{\\mathrm{\\tiny~q}}\\Gamma_{\\mathrm{\\tiny~q}}\\right.~\\right.~\\mathrm{\\large~\\Delta~}\\Gamma_{\\mathrm{\\tiny~\\Delta~}}~\\cdots~\\mathrm{\\large~C~}\\mathrm{\\tiny~~\\Delta~}\\right.~\\mathrm{\\tiny~\\Delta~}}}}$$\n\n\n$${\\mathrm{(8)}}\\qquad{\\overline{{\\mathrm{C}}}}_{s}\\;=\\;\\xi{\\overline{{\\Lambda}}}_{s}\\;+\\;{\\overline{{\\Psi}}}_{s}$$\n\n\n\n\n\n$$\\quad({\\bf10})\\quad\\quad\\overline{{{\\Phi}}}\\\n=\\underbrace{\\frac{\\xi\\,\\delta\\,\\sigma_{\\Lambda_{\\nu}}^{2}}{\\delta^{2}{\\bf\\Delta}_{\\Lambda_{\\nu}}^{2}\\,+\\,\\sigma_{\\mathrm{\\bf~v}_{\\ell}}^{2}}}_{\\mathrm{~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$$\n\n\n$$\\Phi\\;-\\;\\overline{{{\\Phi}}}\\;=\\;\\frac{\\xi\\;\\left(\\bigtriangledown\\sigma_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{x}}}^{2}\\;+\\;\\delta\\sigma_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{A}}}^{2}\\right)}{\\gamma^{2}\\sigma_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{x}}}^{2}\\;+\\;\\delta^{2}\\sigma_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{B}_{\\mathrm{B}}}}^{2}\\;+\\;\\sigma_{\\mathrm{v}_{\\mathrm{k}}}^{2}}\\;-\\;\\frac{\\xi\\delta\\,\\sigma_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{B}}}^{2}}}{\\delta^{2}\\sigma_{\\mathrm{A}_{\\mathrm{b}}}^{2}\\;+\\;\\sigma_{\\mathrm{v}_{\\mathrm{q}}}^{2}}$$\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Assume the variables \xi_{i} and \phi_{\bar{-}1} are dependent on the system's physical conditions. If \phi_{\bar{-}1} is adjusted to counter a 50% increase in \xi_{i}, how would you determine the necessary adjustment in \phi_{\bar{-}1}, considering it must maintain equilibrium defined by their relationship?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 866, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2612536, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(65,53); bottom-right:(404,372)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:22px'>Your sponsorship form<br>Sunday 19th September 2021</h1>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>When completing your sponsorship form, there are some guidelines which need to be followed to ensure that we<br>can process the forms to maximise your donations.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 The rules of Gift Aid state that the declaration details and ticked box, must be made (written) by the individual<br>(not just names) who is making the donation (the sponsor).<br>\u2022 There needs to be a full name (e.g. Mr Joe Bloggs), you cannot just use initials.<br>\u2022 The address must be complete, including full postcode and house number/name.<br>\u2022 If these details are not properly completed, then we will be unable to claim the Gift Aid on your sponsorship form.</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>What is Gift Aid?</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Gift Aid is a simple way to increase the value of your gift to Farleigh Hospice, at no extra cost to you. It is<br>a tax relief scheme that allows charities to reclaim tax on a donation made by a UK taxpayer, which means<br>your donations will be worth 25% more to us. If you Gift Aid your donations we can claim back from the<br>government 25p for every \u00a31 you donate.</p>\n<br><h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>What we need to claim Gift Aid:</h1>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 A fully completed declaration including your full name and full home address. The rules around gift aid are strict, so<br>it\u2019s really important that you fill in every section of the sponsor form properly.</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 A personal donation. We can\u2019t claim Gift Aid on donations from companies. The donation must be your own money<br>and not the proceeds of a collection.</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 For you to have paid income or capital gains tax (in the UK) for each tax year (6 April to 5 April) at least equal to<br>the tax that all the charities or Community Amateur Sports Clubs that you donate to will reclaim on your gifts for<br>that tax year. Other taxes such as VAT and Council Tax do not qualify.</p>\n<br><h1 id='10' style='font-size:18px'>Gift Aid should not be claimed when:</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Making a donation in return for tickets (raffles, events and auctions) or goods and services (including \u2018experience\u2019<br>days). This is because they are not \u2018freewill\u2019 gifts - you are getting something in return for your donation.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Making a donation on behalf of someone else or a group of people. For example, if a friend gives you \u00a310 which<br>you donate to your Fundraising Page using your own card and details. Even if your friend is a UK taxpayer, the<br>donation is not eligible because HMRC needs to know the details of the person actually contributing the funds.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Making a donation on behalf of a company. You can only make Gift Aid declarations on your own taxpayer status<br>when spending your own money. However, a company can claim tax relief on the donation when donating<br>directly to the charity.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Making a donation to a family member who\u2019s taking part in an event and their charity is contributing to the cost.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>It is because you care that we can<br>www.farleighhospice.org<br>Registered charity no 284670</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 80178, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='65' style='font-size:20px'>Treasurer\u2019s Report for the year ended 30th September 2019</h1>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>I would like to start by thanking everyone who has given so generously over the last year.<br>We received an amazing \u00a393,000 in donations, a record and \u00a337,000 more than last year.<br>This year, we have provided holidays for 12 groups of children. There would have been a<br>thirteenth group, but they cancelled their holiday. A couple of groups were also smaller<br>than before. As a result, the holidays cost a total of \u00a377,300 compared with \u00a386,600 last<br>year.<br>A combination of an increase in donations and a decrease in the amount spent on holidays<br>means that for the first time since our 50th anniversary year, our income exceeded our<br>expenditure. In cash terms, our income exceeded our expenditure by \u00a326,600. However,<br>the value of our investments fell so using the Charity Commission\u2019s method, the surplus<br>was \u00a38,700.<br>We received a legacy of \u00a312,700 from Elizabeth Barlow and gifts of almost \u00a32,900 in<br>memoriam. The list of people who were remembered is elsewhere in the report.</p>\n<h1 id='67' style='font-size:16px'>I maginative donations</h1>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>There have been numerous activities this year where people have asked for donations to<br>the Fund. These include:</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0b7 Mansfield and Ashfield Freemasons raised \u00a35,100 from a \u201cswimathon\u201d. They used<br>a \u201cJustgiving\u201d fundraising page<br>\uf0b7 Tom Jenkinson and friends ran the Leeds Half Marathon and raised \u00a3480 via a<br>\u201cgofundme\u201d fundraising page<br>\uf0b7 Dawn Jones, a leader/helper on the Chesterfield holiday ran the Doncaster Half<br>Marathon and raised \u00a3400. Dawn used a special supporter\u2019s fundraising page via<br>Virgin Money Giving linked to Send a Child to Hucklow<br>\uf0b7 Rev Andy Phillips ran the Sheffield 10k before conducting morning worship at<br>Upper Chapel and raised \u00a3500. Andy asked for donations directly to Send a Child<br>to Hucklow via our own Virgin Money Giving page<br>\uf0b7 Molescroft School, Beverley, chose Send a Child to Hucklow as their nominated<br>charity for the year and raised \u00a34,800<br>\uf0b7 We had a further donation from Janet Reid, who last year raised enough to pay for<br>a child\u2019s holiday in memory of her father, who had a holiday at Great Hucklow over<br>80 years ago.<br>\uf0b7 Congratulations to David and Amanda Higginbotham, who asked for donations<br>instead of gifts for their 25th wedding anniversary<br>\uf0b7 We also received \u00a3150 for someone\u2019s ruby wedding anniversary and almost \u00a3200<br>from members of Kingswood Meeting House who got married. If donors tell me<br>who is celebrating, I am happy to give them a name check!<br>\uf0b7 Rev Katie McKenna has been raising money in lieu of wedding gifts at her marriage<br>to Ade. As I write, this is still an active Virgin Money Giving page, so watch this<br>space<br>\uf0b7 We also received further donations in lieu of wedding gifts for Neil Fisher and<br>Noriku\u2019s wedding<br>\uf0b7 Rev Sue Woolley, who was a professional Librarian before entering the ministry,<br>has produced a Supplementary Subject Index to \u2018Sing Your Faith\u2019, using many of<br>the terms from the Thematic Index in \u2018Hymns for Living\u2019. The new index is available<br>from her free of charge by e-mail only, but she did ask for donations to the Send a<br>Child to Hucklow Fund and a number of people have made donations<br>\uf0b7 Jim Stearn and Tom Grimshaw regularly donate their preaching fees.</p>\n<footer id='70' style='font-size:16px'>8</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2279229, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='63' style='font-size:20px'>Treasurer\u2019s Report for the year ended 30th September 2015</h1>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We ran out of money. At the end of the year, I had to sell \u00a35,000 worth of<br>shares to pay the final bills for the holidays.</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Although we med our fundraising target of \u00a350,000, this did include the third<br>\u00a310,000 matching donation from our jubilee year. At \u00a350,692, the total<br>donations were \u00a38,000 less than last year.</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We again provided 14 full weeks of holidays and supported a small group<br>from \u2018Chances\u2019 at a total cost of \u00a383,000.</p>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Overall, our expenditure exceeded our income by \u00a323,468. Using the Charity<br>Commission\u2019s method, the figure was similar at \u00a324,918 because the value of<br>our investments fell slightly.</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We are grateful for all donations. I would, however, like to thank a number of<br>people and organizations: the ALA Green Charitable Trust, Ashfield Royal<br>Arch Chapter Masons, the Dagny Raymond Charitable Trust, the Hollis Trust,<br>the Joseph & Ann Slater Memorial Fund and the Zochonis Charitable Trust.</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Some congregations have special collections and invite people to gift aid their<br>donations; we have also had donations in lieu of birthday and Christmas<br>presents. May I remind you about Easyfundraising? When you shop online,<br>many shops will give a small percentage of the cost to the Fund at no extra<br>cost to you. Although online shopping is growing in popularity, we actually<br>raised less last year than the year before from Easyfundraising. Text giving<br>has yet to take off, but we will continue to offer it as it does not cost the Fund<br>anything.</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Sue Catts (formerly Cooper), our Donations Treasurer, deserves a special<br>mention. As well as processing all the donations, she had a special birthday<br>and raised \u00a3975 by asking for donations in lieu of presents and she got<br>married and she and Ralph asked for donations in lieu of wedding gifts,<br>raising over \u00a32,000.</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We lost a remarkable number of supporters this year. We received gifts in<br>memory of a number of them, as can be seen in the special list on page 2.<br>We also received a legacy from Sheila Jones. Legacies and gifts in<br>memoriam are invested to provide long-term income to pay for holidays.<br>However, from time to time, we have to draw on these reserves to cover the<br>deficit on holidays. Fortunately, we have got healthy reserves and I do not<br>think we should reduce the number of holidays we provide just yet.</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>My thanks as always to Sue Catts, the Donations Treasurer, and Mike<br>Georgiou, the Auditor.</p>\n<footer id='73' style='font-size:14px'>8</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 921102, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='36' style='font-size:22px'>How to support the Friends</h1>\n<br><table id='37' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>To become an acknowledged Supporter of the Friends of Christ Church Spital\ufb01elds please make a minimum annual donation of \u00a3(cid:160)(cid:103) (\u00a3(cid:153)(cid:164)(cid:149) for overseas). You can contribute towards the restoration of Christ Church or the Richard Bridge Organ. Supporters receive the Friends\u2019 newsletter Columns and advance notice of tours, lectures and other special events that the Friends organise.</td><td>You can give money in several ways: \u2022 by payroll giving through Give As You Earn \u2022 with a credit or debit card through our web site. Or, by completing the appropriate parts of this page: \u2022 by standing order (helping us to plan ahead and keep down administrative costs) \u2022 by bank or CAF cheque.</td></tr><tr><td>Standing Order</td><td>Please pay to the Royal Bank of Scotland plc of \uf736\uf732\u2012\uf736\uf733 Threadneedle Street, London \uf765\uf763\uf732\uf772 \uf738\uf76c\uf761, sort code \uf731\uf735\u2012\uf731\uf730\u2012\uf730\uf730 for the credit of The Friends of Christ Church Spital\ufb01elds Account No \uf731\uf733\uf730\uf737\uf735\uf734\uf738\uf737 the sum of:</td></tr><tr><td>Your bank and account details: ...................................................................... Bank</td><td>on dd/mm/yy (no please) until further notice. This donation to*/replaces* previous Orders and</td></tr><tr><td>To</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>of ................................................................................ ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... address</td><td>\u00a3 .............. each (cid:81) month (cid:81) quarter (cid:81) year starting earlier than one month from today, is in addition Standing Orders, if any, in favour of the Charity. The Friends will process Standing forward them to your bank. applicable</td></tr><tr><td>............................................................... Bank Sort code .........\u2013.........\u2013.........</td><td>*delete as</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Account no .................................................................</td><td>complete</td></tr><tr><td>I enclose my cheque for:</td><td>Please the sections below:</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{c c c c c}{{\\Omega}}&{{\\varepsilon{\\bf2}{\\cdot}{\\cdot}}}&{{\\ {\\bf{}}{\\cdot}{\\varepsilon}{\\bf{3}}}}&{{\\ {\\bf{}}{\\cdot}{\\varepsilon}{\\bf{s}}}}&{{\\ {\\bf{}}{\\cdot}{\\varepsilon}{\\bf{{\\cal{D}}\\cdot}{\\varepsilon}}}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><h1 id='39' style='font-size:18px'>(cid:81) other \u00a3. . . . . .</h1>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Please make cheques payable to:<br>The Friends of Christ Church Spital\ufb01elds.</p>\n<br><h1 id='41' style='font-size:18px'>Please complete the sections below:</h1>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If you are a UK taxpayer please Gift Aid your donation donation<br>your<br>If<br>are<br>Gift<br>please<br>Aid<br>a<br>you<br>UK<br>taxpayer<br>\uf732\uf738% at no extra cost Every \u00a31<br>to you.<br>and increase your gift at no extra<br>by<br>and increase your gift<br>cost to you.<br>\u00a3\uf731 that worth \u00a31.28 us, we can reclaim the tax<br>For every give is<br>you give to<br>you<br>that<br>Friends reclaimed<br>to<br>the<br>to make your donation worth if you through the Gift Aid<br>\u00a3\uf731.\uf732\uf738<br>through the Gift Aid scheme<br>sign the Gift<br>Aid scheme if you sign the Gift Aid declaration.<br>declaration.</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(cid:81) I am a UK taxpayer and would like The Friends<br>of Christ Church Spital\ufb01elds to treat all donations<br>that I make (and until I notify you otherwise) as Gift<br>Aid donations. I understand that I must have paid an<br>amount of Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax equal to<br>the tax you reclaim on my donations.</p>\n<h1 id='44' style='font-size:18px'>Signature ....................................................................</h1>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Please allocate my donation towards the restoration of:</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(cid:81) Christ Church Spital\ufb01elds<br>(cid:81) The Richard Bridge Organ</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Friends would like to acknowledge gifts of \u00a3(cid:160)(cid:103) or<br>more in Columns, but if you wish to remain anonymous<br>please tick the box below:</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(cid:81) Please do not print my name in Columns</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Name ..........................................................................</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Address .......................................................................</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>.....................................................................................</p>\n<br><p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>.....................................................................................</p>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Postcode .....................................................................</p>\n<br><p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Telephone number .....................................................</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>E-mail address ............................................................</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Data Protection Act \uf731\uf739\uf739\uf738: the information you provide will<br>only be used by the Friends of Christ Church Spital\ufb01elds<br>and will not be passed to any other organisations.</p>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Thank you. Please return the completed page to:<br>\uf766\uf76f\uf763\uf763\uf773, \uf766\uf772\uf765\uf765\uf770\uf76f\uf773\uf774, \uf76c\uf76f\uf76e\uf764\uf76f\uf76e \uf765\uf731 \uf736\uf762\uf772</p>\n<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(cid:103)<br>Columns \uf733\uf730</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Columns (cid:160)(cid:117)</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2847644, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Gift Aid Declaration</h1>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:16px'>Boost your donation by 25p of Gift Aid<br>for every \u00a31 you donate</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:16px'>I n order to Gift Aid your donation you must tick the box below:</h1>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:16px'>I want to Gift Aid</h1>\n<br><h1 id='4' style='font-size:16px'>my donation of</h1>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:16px'>\u00a3______________</h1>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and any donations I make in the future or have made in the past 4 years to:</p>\n<h1 id='7' style='font-size:18px'>Name of Charity: Hartpury\tHeritage\tTrust\t</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>I am a UK taxpayer and understand that if I pay less Income Tax and/or Capital Gains Tax<br>than the amount of Gift Aid claimed on all my donations in that tax year it is my<br>responsibility to pay any difference.</p>\n<h1 id='9' style='font-size:14px'>M y Details</h1>\n<h1 id='10' style='font-size:14px'>First name or initial(s)</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>________________________________</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:14px'>S urname</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>_____________________________________________________________________</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>F ull Home address</h1>\n<br><h1 id='15' style='font-size:14px'>______________________________________________________________________</h1>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>_ _____________________________________________________________________</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>_ _____________________________________________________________________</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>P ostcode _________________________ Date ___________________________________</p>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:14px'>Please notify the charity if you:</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 want to cancel this declaration<br>\u2022 change your name or home address<br>\u2022 no longer pay sufficient tax on your income and/or capital gains</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I f you pay Income Tax at the higher or additional rate and want to receive the additional tax relief due to you,<br>you must include all your Gift Aid donations on your Self-Assessment tax return or ask HM Revenue and<br>Customs to adjust your tax code.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 80165, "type": "text", "content": "# Treasurer\u2019s Report for the year ended 30th September 2019\n\n\n \n\nI would like to start by thanking everyone who has given so generously over\nthe last year. \nWe received an amazing \u00a393,000 in donations, a record and \u00a337,000 more than\nlast year. \nThis year, we have provided holidays for 12 groups of children. There would\nhave been a \nthirteenth group, but they cancelled their holiday. A couple of groups were\nalso smaller \nthan before. As a result, the holidays cost a total of \u00a377,300 compared with\n\u00a386,600 last \nyear. \nA combination of an increase in donations and a decrease in the amount spent\non holidays \nmeans that for the first time since our 50th anniversary year, our income\nexceeded our \nexpenditure. In cash terms, our income exceeded our expenditure by \u00a326,600.\nHowever, \nthe value of our investments fell so using the Charity Commission\u2019s method,\nthe surplus \nwas \u00a38,700. \nWe received a legacy of \u00a312,700 from Elizabeth Barlow and gifts of almost\n\u00a32,900 in \nmemoriam. The list of people who were remembered is elsewhere in the report.\n\n\n# I maginative donations\n\n\n \n\nThere have been numerous activities this year where people have asked for\ndonations to \nthe Fund. These include:\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Mansfield and Ashfield Freemasons raised \u00a35,100 from a \u201cswimathon\u201d. They\nused \na \u201cJustgiving\u201d fundraising page \n\uf0b7 Tom Jenkinson and friends ran the Leeds Half Marathon and raised \u00a3480 via a \n\u201cgofundme\u201d fundraising page \n\uf0b7 Dawn Jones, a leader/helper on the Chesterfield holiday ran the Doncaster\nHalf \nMarathon and raised \u00a3400. Dawn used a special supporter\u2019s fundraising page via \nVirgin Money Giving linked to Send a Child to Hucklow \n\uf0b7 Rev Andy Phillips ran the Sheffield 10k before conducting morning worship at \nUpper Chapel and raised \u00a3500. Andy asked for donations directly to Send a\nChild \nto Hucklow via our own Virgin Money Giving page \n\uf0b7 Molescroft School, Beverley, chose Send a Child to Hucklow as their\nnominated \ncharity for the year and raised \u00a34,800 \n\uf0b7 We had a further donation from Janet Reid, who last year raised enough to\npay for \na child\u2019s holiday in memory of her father, who had a holiday at Great Hucklow\nover \n80 years ago. \n\uf0b7 Congratulations to David and Amanda Higginbotham, who asked for donations \ninstead of gifts for their 25th wedding anniversary \n\uf0b7 We also received \u00a3150 for someone\u2019s ruby wedding anniversary and almost \u00a3200 \nfrom members of Kingswood Meeting House who got married. If donors tell me \nwho is celebrating, I am happy to give them a name check! \n\uf0b7 Rev Katie McKenna has been raising money in lieu of wedding gifts at her\nmarriage \nto Ade. As I write, this is still an active Virgin Money Giving page, so watch\nthis \nspace \n\uf0b7 We also received further donations in lieu of wedding gifts for Neil Fisher\nand \nNoriku\u2019s wedding \n\uf0b7 Rev Sue Woolley, who was a professional Librarian before entering the\nministry, \nhas produced a Supplementary Subject Index to \u2018Sing Your Faith\u2019, using many of \nthe terms from the Thematic Index in \u2018Hymns for Living\u2019. The new index is\navailable \nfrom her free of charge by e-mail only, but she did ask for donations to the\nSend a \nChild to Hucklow Fund and a number of people have made donations \n\uf0b7 Jim Stearn and Tom Grimshaw regularly donate their preaching fees.\n\n\n8\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 607424, "type": "text", "content": "# The AAXX100 Fund: \nSupporting the celebrations \nand ensuring a legacy\n\n\n# 1 / My details\n\n\n# 2 / I would like to give\n\n\n \n\n# a regular contribution of\n\n\n \n\nP lease complete the payment details on the reverse .\n\n\n# 3 / Gift Aid Declaration (for UK taxpayers)\n\n\n \n\nYou can add 25p to every \u00a31 you donate by simply ticking the box below. If you\npay income tax or \ncapital gains tax in the UK, this will allow the AA Foundation to recover tax\nfrom the Inland Revenue.\n\n\nI want to Gift Aid the enclosed donation and any donations I make in the\nfuture or have made in the \npast 4 years to the AA Foundation. I am a UK taxpayer and understand that if I\npay less Income Tax \nand/or Capital Gains Tax than the amount of Gift Aid claimed on all my\ndonations in that tax year it is \nmy responsibility to pay any difference.\n\n\n# ( today\u2019s date) / /\n\n\nP lease notify the AA Foundation if you: \u2022 want to cancel this declaration \u2022\nchange your name or home address \n\u2022 no longer pay sufficient tax on your income and/or capital gains. If you pay\nIncome Tax at the higher or \nadditional rate and want to receive the additional tax relief due to you, you\nmust include all your Gift Aid \ndonations on your Self-Assessment tax return or ask HM Revenue and Customs to\nadjust your tax code.\n\n\nThe Architectural Association Foundation is a Registered Charity in England\nand Wales No. 328455. \n36 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3ES Telephone 020 7887 4043 Email\naafoundation@aaschool.ac.uk\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2765910, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='19' style='font-size:22px'>Friends Fund - GIFT FORM</h1>\n<h1 id='20' style='font-size:20px'>DONOR INFORMATION</h1>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In compliance with anti-money laundering regulations & best practices, CAF Canada requests donor\u2019s full name, address, and date of birth.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>FULL NAME:</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>ADDRESS: (No PO Boxes)</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PHONE: FAX: DATE OF BIRTH:<br>EMAIL:</p>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:20px'>G IFT INFORMATION</h1>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PLEASE CHECK ONE</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u2610 I enclose a cheque payable to CAF Canada in the amount of $________________________<br>\u2610 I enclose details of a wire or stock transfer made to CAF Canada. Symbol:_____# of</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>shares:________________</p>\n<h1 id='29' style='font-size:20px'>C REDIT CARD GIFTS</h1>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Please donate via our online page at Canada Helps (www.canadahelps.org).</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Search for \u201cCharities Aid Foundation Canada\u201d: https://www.canadahelps.org/en/charities/charities-aid-foundation-canada/<br>*Please note that CanadaHelps charges a 3.5% fee for each donation. Additionally, CanadaHelps issues tax receipts directly for donations made via the<br>CanadaHelps platform.</p>\n<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>CAF Canada applies an administrative fee to all contributions to Friends Funds:<br>6% on gifts under $15,000<br>Plus 4% on gifts of $15,000-$250,000<br>Plus 1% on gifts of +$250,000.</p>\n<p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>I SUGGEST MY GIFT BE USED TO SUPPORT THE FOLLOWING PROJECT:</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>CAF Canada Project/Fund Name: Friends of PYE</p>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I/We would like the gift to remain anonymous.</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>CAF Canada does not sell, trade or otherwise share our mailing lists. We use your information for project<br>updates, tax receipts and other relevant information. If you would like to opt out of receiving general<br>news and ongoing CAF Canada information please check here.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I understand that my gift to CAF Canada becomes the property of CAF Canada and that CAF Canada has ultimate control, authority, and<br>discretion with regard to its assets. All projects completed by CAF Canada are in its sole and independent discretion. I confirm that I will receive<br>no tangible benefit or privilege from either CAF Canada or any suggested charity in return for my donation.</p>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>SIGNATURE:</p>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>DATE:</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>All donations must be accompanied by a signed Gift Form. All donations without a signed Gift Form will be returned. CAF Canada is required to<br>confirm donor identity in accordance with anti-money laundering regulations and best practice recommendations. CAF Canada does not<br>distribute, sell, or otherwise release any donor information for any reason unless required by law. CAF Canada does not add donor information to<br>internal mailing lists without express permission.</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Please make copies of this form as needed. Send the form, together with your donation</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>to:</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>100 King Street West | Suite 5600 Toronto, ON | M5X 1C9 | Canada</p>\n<br><p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>tel: 416.362.2261 | info@cafcanada.ca | www.cafcanada.org | @cafcanada<br>\u00a9 2017 Charities Aid Foundation Canada | CRA Charitable Registration #:<br>801966334RR0001</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2994451, "type": "text", "content": "\u2026continued from page 1\n\n\nRemember that children also have their own \ncapital gains tax (CGT) annual exemption \n(\u00a310,600). It may be better for parents to \ninvest for capital growth rather than income.\n\n\nTo encourage the idea of a \u2018nest egg\u2019 being \navailable for a child when they reach 18, the \nGovernment have introduced the Junior \nIndividual Savings Account (Junior ISA) for \nchildren born from 3 January 2011 which \neffectively replaces the Child Trust Fund (CTF) \naccounts.\n\n\nExisting CTF accounts continue alongside the \nJunior ISA ( a child can only have one type ). \nBoth CTF and Junior ISA accounts allow \nparents, other family members and friends to \ninvest up to \u00a33,600 annually in a tax free fund \nfor a child. There are no Government \ncontributions and no access to the funds until \nthe child reaches 18.\n\n\n# Non-taxpayers\n\n\n \n\nChildren or any other person whose personal \nallowances exceed their income are not liable \nto tax. Where income has suffered a tax \ndeduction at source a repayment claim should \nbe made. In the case of bank or building \nsociety interest, a declaration can be made by \nnon-taxpayers to enable interest to be paid \ngross (form R85).\n\n\nA 10% tax rate may apply to savings income. \nIf the only or first source of taxable income is \nbank or building society interest, then up to \nthe first \u00a32,710 is liable to tax at only 10%. If \n20% tax has been deducted at source a \nrepayment may be due.\n\n\nTip\n\n\n \n\nTax credits on dividends are not \nrepayable so non-taxpayers should \nensure that they have other sources of \nincome to utilise their personal \nallowances.\n\n\n \n\n# Family companies\n\n\nIf the payment of bonuses to directors or \ndividends to shareholders is under consideration, \ngive careful thought as to whether payment \nshould be made before or after the end of the tax \nyear. The date of payment will affect the date tax \nis due and possibly the rate at which it is payable.\n\n\nTip\n\n\n \n\nRemember that any bonuses must generally \nbe provided for in the accounts and actually \nbe paid within nine months of the company\u2019s \nyear end to ensure tax relief for the company \nin that period.\n\n\nCareful planning before 5 April 2013 may be \nparticularly useful for individuals with high \nincomes. The effect of deferring payments may \nsave the personal allowance for those with an\n\n\n \n\n# National insurance matters\n\n\nIf a spouse is employed by the family business it is probably worth paying\nearnings in 2012/13 of \nbetween \u00a3107 (the employee lower earnings limit) and \u00a3144 (the employer\nthreshold) per week. \nThere will then be no employer or employee contributions due on the earnings\nbut entitlement to a \nstate retirement pension and certain other state benefits is preserved.\n\n\nTip\n\n\n \n\nA PAYE scheme would be needed to properly record the employee\u2019s entitlement to\nbenefits.\n\n\nFor the self-employed there is a requirement to pay a flat rate contribution\n(Class 2). If your profits \nare low you can apply for exemption. The limit for 2012/13 is \u00a35,595. If\ncontributions have been \npaid for 2012/13 and it subsequently turns out that earnings are below \u00a35,595\na claim for \nrepayment of contributions can be made. The deadline for this claim is 31\nJanuary 2014.\n\n\nOn the other hand as the contributions are only \u00a32.65 a week for 2012/13 it\nmay be advisable to \npay the contributions in order to maintain a contributions record. The\nalternative voluntary Class 3 \ncontributions are \u00a313.25 a week in 2012/13!\n\n\n \n\n# Giving to charity\n\n\n \n\nCharitable donations made under the Gift Aid \nscheme can result in significant benefits for both \nthe donor and the charity. Currently the charity is \nable to claim back 20% basic rate tax on any \ndonations and if the donor is a higher rate \ntaxpayer the gift will qualify for 40% tax relief. \nTherefore a cash gift of \u00a380 will generate a tax \nrefund of \u00a320 for the charity so that it ends up \nwith \u00a3100. The donor will get higher rate tax relief \nof \u00a320 so that the net cost of the gift is only \u00a360.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 236349, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nBW Charity Hub - Riverscape \n10 Queen Street Place - London - EC4R 1BE \nTel.: +44(0)2030 9680 04 \nEmail: info@frankiefoundationuk.org\n\n\nYear 2021\n\n\n \n\n# Become \u201cFrankie\u2019s Friend\u201d \nA Yearly Subscription\n\n\nDear Friends,\n\n\n\u201cFrankie\u2019s Friends\u201d plays an important part in running and supporting \u201cThe\nFrankie Foundation \nfor Children\u201d charity, which helps and funds projects for sick and disabled\nchildren in England and \nWales.\n\n\nW e would be delighted if you would consider becoming a \u201cFrankie\u2019s Friend\u201d and\nhelp the Frankie \nFoundation in developing new projects and activities for children in distress,\nfrom all social classes.\n\n\nI f you would like any further information, please do not hesitate to contact\nus via email at \ninfo@thefrankiefoundationuk.org\n\n\nT hank You and Best Wishes to all!\n\n\n \n\nFrancien Giraudi, President\n\n\n \n\n#\n\uf022------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n\n# Gift Aid it\n\n\n \n\nTurn every pound you raise into \u00a31.25 with Gift Aid If you are a UK tax-paying\ndonor or sponsor, don't forget to fill in the \nGift Aid section! by adding Gift Aid, you can donate an extra 25 pence for\nevery pound donated, which means even \nmore money goes to helping the UK's most vulnerable children - and it doesn't\ncost a penny. Just tick this Gift Aid box.\n\n\n\uf0a3 GOLD Friendship\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a3 SILVER Firendship\n\n\n \n\nI would like to donate \u00a3\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026Yearly\n\n\n\uf0a3 VIP Friendship \u00a350 Yearly\n\n\n \n\n\u00a3100 Yearly\n\n\n\uf0ff I enclose a completed Standing Order Form if I want to renew my support\nautomatically each year.\n\n\nB ank Transfer: (Please mention your \u201cName\u201d and \u201cFrankie\u2019s Friend\u201d in the\nreference section) \nAccount Name : THE FRANKIE FOUNDATION \nBARCLAYS BANK UK PLC - IBAN: GB43BUKB20415063144089 - BIC: BUKBGB22\n\n\n \nPlease Return to : The Frankie Foundation for Children\ninfo@frankiefoundationuk.org\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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A donor has a budget of £200 for annual donations. If they want to use the VIP and SILVER Friendship options over 3 years while maximizing the Gift Aid benefit, how should they allocate their budget, and what will be the total Gift Aid received?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 868, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1407033, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='6' style='font-size:18px'>Annual Budget 21/22 \u2013 Employee Expenses (000\u2019s)</h1>\n<table id='7' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>FY\u00a021\u00a0 Budget\u00a0</td><td>FY\u00a021\u00a0 Projected\u00a0</td><td>FY\u00a022\u00a0 Budget\u00a0</td><td colspan=\"2\">Variance\u00a0Budget\u00a0FY22\u2010 Projected\u00a0FY21\u00a0</td></tr><tr><td>Payroll</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Directors/Managers/Supervisors</td><td>$33,580\u00a0</td><td>$35,784\u00a0</td><td>$35,559\u00a0</td><td>($225)</td><td>(0.6%)</td></tr><tr><td>Technical/Instructors</td><td>88,445\u00a0</td><td>86,321\u00a0</td><td>88,916\u00a0</td><td>2,595\u00a0</td><td>3.0%</td></tr><tr><td>RN</td><td>111,522\u00a0</td><td>111,801\u00a0</td><td>108,133\u00a0</td><td>(3,668)</td><td>(3.3%)</td></tr><tr><td>LVN</td><td>6,423\u00a0</td><td>6,674\u00a0</td><td>6,923\u00a0</td><td>249\u00a0</td><td>3.7%</td></tr><tr><td>Aide/Orderly</td><td>26,649\u00a0</td><td>28,467\u00a0</td><td>29,091\u00a0</td><td>624\u00a0</td><td>2.2%</td></tr><tr><td>Clerical</td><td>27,320\u00a0</td><td>26,084\u00a0</td><td>29,551\u00a0</td><td>3,467\u00a0</td><td>13.3%</td></tr><tr><td>Environmental</td><td>13,798\u00a0</td><td>14,579\u00a0</td><td>15,150\u00a0</td><td>571\u00a0</td><td>3.9%</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>9,765\u00a0</td><td>12,103\u00a0</td><td>15,488\u00a0</td><td>3,385\u00a0</td><td>28.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Accrued\u00a0PTO</td><td>1,577\u00a0</td><td>2,979\u00a0</td><td>1,585\u00a0</td><td>(1,394)</td><td>(46.8%)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>319,079\u00a0</td><td>324,792\u00a0</td><td>330,396\u00a0</td><td>5,604\u00a0</td><td>1.7%</td></tr><tr><td>Travelers\u00a0and\u00a0Contracted\u00a0Staff</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Therapist\u00a0fees</td><td>606\u00a0</td><td>571\u00a0</td><td>556\u00a0</td><td>(15)</td><td>(2.6%)</td></tr><tr><td>Nurse\u00a0registry</td><td>5,481\u00a0</td><td>7,893\u00a0</td><td>5,394\u00a0</td><td>(2,499)</td><td>(31.7%)</td></tr><tr><td>Contract\u00a0staff</td><td>646\u00a0</td><td>403\u00a0</td><td>254\u00a0</td><td>(149)</td><td>(37.0%)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>6,733\u00a0</td><td>8,867\u00a0</td><td>6,204\u00a0</td><td>(2,663)</td><td>(30.0%)</td></tr><tr><td>Employee\u00a0Benefits</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Social\u00a0Security</td><td>22,924\u00a0</td><td>23,325\u00a0</td><td>24,045\u00a0</td><td>720\u00a0</td><td>3.1%</td></tr><tr><td>State\u00a0unemployment\u00a0insurance</td><td>826\u00a0</td><td>1,091\u00a0</td><td>527\u00a0</td><td>(564)</td><td>(51.7%)</td></tr><tr><td>Medical,\u00a0dental\u00a0and\u00a0vision</td><td>28,896\u00a0</td><td>30,680\u00a0</td><td>27,500\u00a0</td><td>(3,180)</td><td>(10.4%)</td></tr><tr><td>Life\u00a0insurance</td><td>324\u00a0</td><td>321\u00a0</td><td>323\u00a0</td><td>2\u00a0</td><td>0.6%</td></tr><tr><td>Workers'\u00a0compensation</td><td>6,130\u00a0</td><td>4,313\u00a0</td><td>6,662\u00a0</td><td>2,349\u00a0</td><td>54.5%</td></tr><tr><td>Employee\u00a0retirement\u00a0plans</td><td>6,816\u00a0</td><td>(5,254)</td><td>(6,167)</td><td>(913)</td><td>17.4%</td></tr><tr><td>Tuition/scholarships</td><td>750\u00a0</td><td>958\u00a0</td><td>840\u00a0</td><td>(118)</td><td>(12.3%)</td></tr><tr><td>Other\u00a0benefits</td><td>97\u00a0</td><td>289\u00a0</td><td>192\u00a0</td><td>(97)</td><td>(33.6%)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>66,763\u00a0</td><td>55,723\u00a0</td><td>53,922\u00a0</td><td>(1,801)</td><td>(3.2%)</td></tr><tr><td>Total\u00a0Payroll\u00a0and\u00a0Benefits</td><td>$392,575</td><td>$389,382</td><td>$390,522</td><td>1,140\u00a0</td><td>0.3%</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='8' style='font-size:14px'>273/340</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3262444, "type": "text", "content": "# \u00b7 . --. . \u00b7\u00b7::\u00b7 ..\n\n\n' . - \n. __ ....._ __ - - - _ $ 02~ \n\u00b7Annual deG!.uctiole ___ \n$1,500/$3,000 \n., \n\\- \u00b7 '4 . . . .,.!..,,. - \nCo.insurance \u00b7\u00b7 \u00b7 _ \n' 20% 20% \n. (after de du c~i !:>.le) .\n\n\n \n\n# Preventive care : .190% l?_afd b:t~DPs~;\u00b7f90% ~k:i._by __ DP~\n\n\n \n\n_ ..... - ...\n\n\n \n\n20% after ~c . . copay ' \nOffice vrs.its $2-0 \ndeductible\n\n\n \n\n# . . \u00b7r,2\u00b70% (Counts\n\n\n \n\nSpecialist Visits: \u00b7\u00b7 \u00b7.;,,.. 'ttow.ard total out- of \"7 $35 copay\n\n\n,:pocket \n\u2022\u2022 ....,.,l .., \nPrescription costs by tier . \u00b7 . Pc1y_ in \n. .. \nmeet \n(re ta.ii/ m \u00b7ail ord~r) \u00b7 . , -.\n\n\n \n\nmax) ..\n\n\n \n\n# \\- . -'........ \u2022\u2022\n\n\n \n\nfull until you . .Ti.er 1: $5/_$1 () copay\n\n\n \n\ndeductible. \u00b7 Tier 2: 30% to a .$35\n\n\n \n\n_, Choosing a lower-_\u00b7\u00b7 copay -\n\n\n \n\ntiered med'lcation \": \u00b7,\n\n\n \n\n. and/or genertc drug Tier 3: 30\u00b0/4 with $75\n\n\n \n\n\u00b7 \n\u00b7\u00b7.\n\n\n \n\nmay help tower min/$150 copay ..\n\n\n \n\ncosts.\n\n\n \n\n... ,. -~- -~\n\n\n \n\n\u00b7 2Q%) (after \u00b7.\n\n\n \n\nCojnsurance \u2022\n\n\n \n\n, \u00b7 deductfbl.e) ,.,\n\n\n \n\n\\- \"\n\n\n \n\n\u00b7' ~-....... - .. - \n........\n\n\n# Set out below are the weekly medical premiums\n\n\n \n\nto b~ paid by employees, before any applicable\n\n\n \n\nnicotine surcharge, from February 1, 2018 through December 31, 20 18.\n\n\nPPO\n\n\n \n\nCDMP \nEmployee Only $8.63 \nEmployee plus Spouse $17.24\n\n\n \n\n$14.88\n\n\nEmployee plus Child(ren) $14.79 $30.56\n\n\n \n\n$37.52\n\n\nEmployee plus Family $20.95 $51.35\n\n\nThereafter, employees will be subject to the same premium increases on Company\nplans, and pay\n\n\n \n\nthe same premiums for those plans, as the Company's similarly situated non-\nbargaining unit\n\n\n \n\nemployees. Future premiums will be effective January 1 of each year.\n\n\n \n\nNicotine Users will pay an additional plan selected or tier of coverage.\n\n\n \n\npremium regardless of the\n\n\n \n\nThe nicotine surcharge will be $125 per year effective February 1, 2018\nthrough December 31,\n\n\n \n\n2018\\. The nicotine surcharge will be $250 per year in 2019. The nicotine\nsurcharge will be\n\n\n21\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 66711, "type": "text", "content": "# MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT\n\n\n# Section 10.4 - Monthly Information\n\n\n \n\nManagement will remit amounts deducted pursuant to Section 10.3 to the\nSecretary \nTreasurer of the Union on a monthly basis and will furnish a list of employees\nwith information that \nis agreed upon between the Union and the Management of the Payroll Department.\n\n\n# Section 10.5 - Union Representative\n\n\n \n\nWith prior notification to the Executive Director of Human Resources or the\nauthorized \ndesignee, a representative of the Union may be present on Board property.\n\n\n# Section 10.6 - Personnel Files\n\n\n \n\nManagement will maintain one (1) official personnel file for each employee to\nwhich the \nemployee will have access upon reasonable notice. An employee shall make all\nrequests for access \nto his or her personnel file to the Department of Human Resources. An employee\nshall be given a \ncopy of any disciplinary document entered into the personnel file within 10\nbusiness days. The \nemployee may submit a written response to be attached to the document within\n30 days.\n\n\n# Section 10.7 - Union Leave\n\n\n \n\n(A) The Union shall be granted up to seventy-five (75) hours per year of Union\nleave to be \nused by employees to conduct Union business. An employee must give at least 24\nhours notice of \nhis intent to use this leave, and receive approval from the employee\u2019s\nsupervisor, which will not be \nunreasonably withheld.\n\n\n \n\n(B) An employee shall be excused on authorized leave time without pay to\nconduct union \nbusiness, provided that the supervisor determines that the time off will not\ndisrupt operations.\n\n\n# Section 10.8 - Collective Bargaining\n\n\n \n\nManagement shall pay no more than one (1) employee from each campus to attend \nbargaining sessions that occur during the employee\u2019s regularly scheduled work\nday. The employee \nshall be paid only such time as is necessary to travel to and from the\nbargaining session and attend \nbargaining. The employee should give notice to the supervisor as early as\npossible so that planning \ncan be made accordingly.\n\n\n32\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 66713, "type": "text", "content": "# MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT\n\n\nOnce per year, Management shall furnish to the Union a position control\nlisting, when \navailable, generally by May 1 of each Fiscal year.\n\n\n# Section 10.12 - Board Package\n\n\n \n\nThe Board package placed in the library before each regular Board meeting will\nbe provided \nto the President of the Union.\n\n\n34\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 66715, "type": "text", "content": "# MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT\n\n\nGenerally, premiums are calculated and paid on a calendar year basis. For\ncalendar years, \nemployees will pay a proportionate share of premiums for their own coverage\nthat equals 24% of \nPPO premiums in CY2020 and 25% in CY2021 and 15% of HMO premiums in CY2020 and \nCY2021\n\n\n \n\nEmployees who are eligible for benefit coverage before January 1, 2015, will\npay the same \ncontribution rate for dependent coverage as for employee coverage for each\nyear during this \nAgreement. Employees who become eligible for benefit coverage on or after\nJanuary 1, 2015, will \nbe required to pay a contribution rate of 25% for any dependent coverage\nselected throughout the \nterm of this Agreement.\n\n\nIn the event that benefit contributions or any part of them are not approved\nand funded by \nthe Baltimore County Council in any year of the Agreement in a manner that the\nCollege \ndetermines does not allow it to meet the provisions of this Agreement, the\nCollege agrees to \nnegotiate in accordance with the Rules and Regulations Governing Collective\nBargaining.\n\n\n# Section 11.2 - Tuition Reimbursement\n\n\n \n\nAll benefit eligible employees who work 50% or more of the normal work week\nare eligible \nfor reimbursement for undergraduate and graduate study after being employed by\nthe College for at \nleast one (1) full calendar year. Undergraduate study shall be reimbursed at a\nrate set by the Board \nof Trustees, but not less than that provided to non-represented employees. The\nfull rate of tuition \nreimbursement set by the Board of Trustees for all College employees shall be\nthe base applied for \nreimbursement. The actual payment of reimbursement will be the amount required\nafter deduction \nof scholarships, financial aid and any other payments to the employee, or on\nbehalf of the \nemployee, toward tuition that is necessary to make the employee whole.\n\n\n \n\nAn employee must satisfactorily complete the course to be eligible for\nreimbursement. \nMaximum eligibility will be sixty (60) undergraduate credits or sixty (60)\ngraduate credits. The \nmaximum number of credits for which an employee can be reimbursed during any\nfiscal year is \ntwelve (12). Proof of payment will be required by the college before any\nreimbursement is made.\n\n\n36\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1153479, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='35' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>B ereavement</td><td>2 days per occurrence (3 if traveling > 1,000 miles)</td></tr><tr><td>Holiday</td><td>13 days/year</td></tr><tr><td>Perfect Attendance</td><td>Annual Gym Membership Reimbursement up to $299 -or- Annual 16 hours of Perfect Attendance Leave</td></tr></table>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Contractor shall receive, or be subject to, the above leave provisions and including: Blood Donation,<br>Compulsory, and Jury Duty in the same manner and amounts as employees in the Preschool Services<br>Department - Non-Supervisory Unit.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Refer to Item O in this Section for processing of leave balances upon termination of this Contract.</p>\n<br><h1 id='38' style='font-size:16px'>D. MEDICAL AND DENTAL COVERAGE</h1>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Contractor must enroll in a medical and dental plan offered by the County or comparable employer or<br>union sponsored group coverage. Contractors enrolled in a medical plan shall receive a Medical<br>Premium Subsidy (MPS) to offset the cost of medical plan premiums charged to the Contractor. The<br>MPS shall not be applicable to dental plan premiums. The MPS amount shall be $194.90 per pay<br>period. Effective the pay period following Board approval, the MPS shall be $240.72 per pay period for<br>the remainder of the 20/21 plan year. Effective the 21/22 plan year, the MPS amount shall be $255.15<br>per pay period. The MPS may be decreased based on the availability of funding, but in no event be<br>reduced to an amount less than $194.90 per pay period. The MPS shall not be considered earnable<br>compensation for purposes of calculating benefits or contributions to the San Bernardino County<br>Employee\u2019s Retirement Association.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>To be eligible for the benefits of this Section, Contractor must have worked and/or received pay for at<br>least one-half plus one hour of regularly schedule hours in a pay period. Contractor is not entitled to<br>MPS for pay periods that are scheduled time off and do not include a recess period.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Changes in medical and dental coverage selection may only occur during Open Enrollment except to<br>the extent permitted under Internal Revenue Service rulings and regulations and in compliance with<br>the County\u2019s Plan Document.</p>\n<br><p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>An eligible Contractor enrolled in a comparable medical plan may elect to opt-out of medical coverage<br>(opt-out).</p>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>If the Contractor waives or opts-out of County sponsored medical coverage they will be eligible for<br>opt-out/waive in the amount of $40.00 per pay period.</p>\n<br><h1 id='44' style='font-size:20px'>E. VISION CARE INSURANCE</h1>\n<br><p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Subject to carrier requirements contractor shall be eligible for employer paid Vision Care Insurance<br>for employee only.</p>\n<br><p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>F. LIFE INSURANCE</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The County shall pay premiums for $25,000 term life insurance policy for Contractor. County-paid life<br>insurance will become effective and continue for each pay period in which Contractor is paid for one-<br>half plus one of their regularly scheduled hours. For pay periods in which the Contractor does not<br>meet the paid hour\u2019s requirement, Contractor shall have the option of continuing life insurance<br>coverage at Contractor\u2019s expense.</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>G. ACCIDENTAL DEATH AND DISMEMBERMENT</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 66712, "type": "text", "content": "# MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT\n\n\n# Section 10.9 - Right to Representation\n\n\n \n\nWhenever an employee reasonably believes that a discussion with management is\nlikely to \nlead to discipline or discharge, or whenever management conducts a meeting to\nannounce \ndiscipline, the employee may request that the meeting not occur without the\npresence of the Union \nRepresentative. If management opts to proceed without the Union\nrepresentative, the employee has \nthe option not to participate in the meeting. If an employee is represented by\na representative of the \nUnion, that person is only present to counsel the employee and may not\ninterfere with the \ninvestigation.\n\n\n \n\nIf management conducts an investigatory interview with the intent to consider\ndiscipline of \nan employee or group of employees, management shall inform the employee or\nemployees of the \nright to have a Union Representative present. Showing the employee or\nemployees this Section of \nthe Agreement, although not the only acceptable method of advising the\nemployee of this right, \nshall be sufficient notice. As the remedy if management fails to notify the\nemployee or employees \nof the right to Union Representation, once the employee or employees learn of\nthis right, or the \nUnion learns of any discipline that results, either may request within 10\nbusiness days that the \ninvestigatory interview be repeated with Union Representation. If such a\ntimely request is made, \nthe disciplinary action shall be reconsidered based upon information obtained\nin the new interview \nwithout reference to or reliance upon information obtained in the previous\ninterview.\n\n\nSection 10.10 - Union Orientation\n\n\n \n\nDuring a new employee\u2019s orientation session, a Union orientation package\nconsistent with \nthe tone and content of orientation materials, prepared by the Union and\nreviewed by Management, \nwill be provided to the new employee. The union will have reasonable access to\nall new hires in \npositions covered by the agreement as part of the orientation of new\nemployees.\n\n\nSection 10.11 - Information to the Union\n\n\n \n\nTwice during each fiscal year on the first of August and the first of February\nthe Union shall \nbe provided with a list of the employees in the bargaining unit to include\nname, Banner ID number, \nposition control number, job title, department, campus, home address and\nsalary.\n\n\n33\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 66714, "type": "text", "content": "# MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT\n\n\n# ARTICLE 11 - INSURANCE AND RELATED BENEFITS\n\n\n# Section 11.1 - Group Health, Life, Disability, and Dental Plans Package\n\n\n \n\nA package consisting of group health, life, long-term disability, and dental\ncoverage \n(hereinafter referred to as the \"Group Insurance Package\") providing coverage\nidentical to the \npackage of group health, life, long-term disability, and dental coverage\ninsurance for faculty and \nother non-bargaining unit employees of the Community College of Baltimore\nCounty shall be made \navailable to employees. The coverage available under the Group Insurance\nPackage shall be that \nset forth in the group insurance contract between the Community College of\nBaltimore County and \nthe carrier providing the insurance, and/or the rules and regulations adopted\nby the provider of the \ncoverage. The Group Insurance Package shall be governed in all aspects in\naccordance with the \ncontract between the Community College of Baltimore County and the carrier\nproviding such \ninsurance, and/or the rules and regulations adopted by the provider of the\ncoverage.\n\n\nEffective on January 1, 2021 there will be four insurance coverage changes:\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 The co-pay for Hospital Emergency Room visits for accidental injury or\nsudden and serious \nillness within 72 hours of onset will be $100 under both the Cigna PPO and\nCigna HMO \nplans. The co-pay will be waived if the patient is admitted to the hospital. \n\uf0b7 The co-pay for a specialist office visit will be $25 under both the Cigna\nPPO and Cigna \nHMO plans. \n\uf0b7 Within the CareFirst BCBS Traditional Dental plan, the calendar year maximum\nper person \nwill be increased from $750 to $1,250. Dental implants and orthodontia (for\ndependent \nchildren up to age 19) will be covered. \n\uf0b7 Within the CareFirst BCBS Preferred PPO Dental plan, the calendar year\nmaximum per \nperson will be increased from $1,000 to $1,500. Dental implants will be\ncovered.\n\n\nThe Community College of Baltimore County shall contribute toward the monthly\npremium \ncost of Group Insurance as least as much as it pays to any other group of\nemployees not subject to \nan individual contract of employment.\n\n\n35\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 124207, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:18px'>Monterey Peninsula Regional Park District<br>2021-22 Benefits Summary</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1. CalPERS Retirement \u2013 2% @ 62 District pays 50% of normal cost (for employees hired on or after<br>1/1/2013), Three-Year Final Compensation;<br>2.7% @ 55, District pays employee\u2019s 8% contribution (for employees hired prior to 8/1/2012), One-Year<br>Final Compensation</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>2. PARS Retirement Enhancement Program \u2013 100% District Paid (for eligible employees hired on<br>or prior to 5/14/2012)</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>3. Health Insurance \u2013 Up to $1,592 per month District Paid for Employee & Dependents (Anthem<br>Blue Cross)</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>4. Dental Insurance \u2013 Employee - 100% District Paid, Spouse & Family - 50% District Paid (Delta<br>Dental Premier)</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>5. Vision Insurance \u2013 Employee - 100% District Paid, Spouse & Family - 50% District Paid (VSP)</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>6. Short Term, Long Term, Life, AD&D Disability Insurance \u2013 Employee only - 100% District Paid<br>(Mutual of Omaha)</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>7. Employee Assistance Program \u2013 100% District Paid for Employees and household members (Mutual<br>of Omaha)<br>8. Medical Flexible Spending Account (FSA) \u2013 100% Employee Paid - Set aside up to $2,700 a year pre-<br>tax in 2019 (Aflac)</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>9. Dependent Care Flexible Spending Account \u2013 100% Employee Paid - Set aside up to $5,000 a year<br>pre-tax (Aflac)</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>10. Other Voluntary Supplemental Coverage \u2013 100% Employee Paid - In addition to FSAs, other pre-tax<br>and after-tax programs available including: Accident Indemnity; Disability Income Protector; Cancer<br>Indemnity; Hospital Indemnity; Specified Health Event and Life Protector (Aflac)</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>11. Deferred Compensation \u2013 100% Employee Paid 457 Plan Available thru CalPERS - Set aside up to<br>$19,000 a year pretax in 2019.</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>12. Vacation \u2013 Accrued Monthly using the following rates:</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 0 to 4 years of service = Up to 7.33 hours<br>\u2022 5 to 9 years of service = Up to 10.67 hours<br>\u2022 10 to 14 years of service = Up to 14 hours<br>\u2022 15 + years of service = Up to 14.67 hours</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>13. Sick Leave \u2013 Up to 8 hours per month<br>14. Floater Holidays \u2013 Up to 4 days per year<br>15. Banked Holidays \u2013 Employees may bank up to 8 holidays per year<br>16. Paid Holidays \u2013 12 District-recognized holidays per year</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3262469, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='90' style='font-size:20px'>\u00b7 . --. . \u00b7\u00b7::\u00b7 ..</h1>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>' . -<br>. __ ....._ __ - - - _ $ 02~<br>\u00b7Annual deG!.uctiole ___<br>$1,500/$3,000<br>.,<br>- \u00b7 '4 . . . .,.!..,,. -<br>Co.insurance \u00b7\u00b7 \u00b7 _<br>' 20% 20%<br>. (after de du c~i !:>.le) .</p>\n<br><h1 id='92' style='font-size:20px'>Preventive care : .190% l?_afd b:t~DPs~;\u00b7f90% ~k:i._by __ DP~</h1>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>_ ..... - ...</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>20% after ~c . . copay '<br>Office vrs.its $2-0<br>deductible</p>\n<br><h1 id='95' style='font-size:22px'>. . \u00b7r,2\u00b70% (Counts</h1>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Specialist Visits: \u00b7\u00b7 \u00b7.;,,.. 'ttow.ard total out- of \"7 $35 copay</p>\n<p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>,:pocket<br>\u2022\u2022 ....,.,l ..,<br>Prescription costs by tier . \u00b7 . Pc1y_ in<br>. ..<br>meet<br>(re ta.ii/ m \u00b7ail ord~r) \u00b7 . , -.</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>max) ..</p>\n<br><h1 id='99' style='font-size:14px'>- . -'........ \u2022\u2022</h1>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>full until you . .Ti.er 1: $5/_$1 () copay</p>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>deductible. \u00b7 Tier 2: 30% to a .$35</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>_, Choosing a lower-_\u00b7\u00b7 copay -</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>tiered med'lcation \": \u00b7,</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>. and/or genertc drug Tier 3: 30\u00b0/4 with $75</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u00b7<br>\u00b7\u00b7.</p>\n<br><p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>may help tower min/$150 copay ..</p>\n<br><p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>costs.</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>... ,. -~- -~</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\u00b7 2Q%) (after \u00b7.</p>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Cojnsurance \u2022</p>\n<br><p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>, \u00b7 deductfbl.e) ,.,</p>\n<br><p id='112' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>- \"</p>\n<br><p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u00b7' ~-....... - .. -<br>........</p>\n<h1 id='114' style='font-size:20px'>Set out below are the weekly medical premiums</h1>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>to b~ paid by employees, before any applicable</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>nicotine surcharge, from February 1, 2018 through December 31, 20 18.</p>\n<p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PPO</p>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>CDMP<br>Employee Only $8.63<br>Employee plus Spouse $17.24</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>$14.88</p>\n<p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Employee plus Child(ren) $14.79 $30.56</p>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>$37.52</p>\n<p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Employee plus Family $20.95 $51.35</p>\n<p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Thereafter, employees will be subject to the same premium increases on Company plans, and pay</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>the same premiums for those plans, as the Company's similarly situated non-bargaining unit</p>\n<br><p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>employees. Future premiums will be effective January 1 of each year.</p>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Nicotine Users will pay an additional plan selected or tier of coverage.</p>\n<br><p id='127' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>premium regardless of the</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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An employee from campus A is scheduled to attend different union-related activities throughout the fiscal year: attending bargaining sessions, utilizing union leave, and specialist visits under the PPO plan. Calculate the total expenses if the employee spends 12 hours attending bargaining and uses 24 hours of union leave, and visits a specialist twice per month. Assume the PPO premium is $400 per month and the employee pays 25% of it.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 871, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2831304, "type": "text", "content": "# N OTES\n\n\n \n\n1 Definitions\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)\u2014The level of a contaminant in drinking\nwater below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow\nfor a margin of safety and are non-enforceable public health goals. \n\u2022 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)\u2014The highest level of a contaminant that is\nallowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to MCLGs as feasible using\nthe best available treatment technology and taking cost into \nconsideration. MCLs are enforceable standards. \n\u2022 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG)\u2014The level of a drinking\nwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health.\nMRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control \nmicrobial contaminants. \n\u2022 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL)\u2014The highest level of a\ndisinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that\naddition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. \n\u2022 Treatment Technique (TT)\u2014A required process intended to reduce the level of\na contaminant in drinking water.\n\n\n \n\n2 Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L) unless otherwise noted. Milligrams\nper liter are equivalent to parts per million (ppm).\n\n\n \n\n3 EPA\u2019s surface water treatment rules require systems using surface water or\nground water under the direct influence of surface water to (1) disinfect\ntheir water, and (2) filter their water or meet criteria for avoiding\nfiltration so that the \nfollowing contaminants are controlled at the following levels:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nCryptosporidium (as of 1/1/02 for systems serving >10,000 and 1/14/05 for\nsystems serving <10,000) 99% removal. \nGiardia lamblia: 99.9% removal/inactivation\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nViruses: 99.99% removal/inactivation\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nLegionella: No limit, but EPA believes that if Giardia and viruses are\nremoved/inactivated, Legionella will also be controlled.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nTurbidity: At no time can turbidity (cloudiness of water) go above 5\nnephelolometric turbidity units (NTU); systems that filter must ensure that\nthe turbidity go no higher than 1 NTU (0.5 NTU for conventional or direct\nfiltration) in \nat least 95% of the daily samples in any month. As of January 1, 2002, for\nsystems servicing >10,000, and January 14, 2005, for systems servicing\n<10,000, turbidity may never exceed 1 NTU, and must not exceed 0.3 NTU in \n95% of daily samples in any month.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nHPC: No more than 500 bacterial colonies per milliliter\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nLong Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment (Effective Date: January 14,\n2005); Surface water systems or (GWUDI) systems serving fewer than 10,000\npeople must comply with the applicable Long Term 1 Enhanced \nSurface Water Treatment Rule provisions (e.g. turbidity standards, individual\nfilter monitoring, Cryptosporidium removal requirements, updated watershed\ncontrol requirements for unfiltered systems).\n\n\n \n\n\u2022\n\n\n \n\nFilter Backwash Recycling: The Filter Backwash Recycling Rule requires systems\nthat recycle to return specific recycle flows through all processes of the\nsystem\u2019s existing conventional or direct filtration system or at an alternate \nlocation approved by the state.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1997419, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>the highest readings. These location(s) will be<br>your long-term sampling locations for TTHM<br>and HAA5. IDSE requirements may be waived if<br>a system meets one of two criteria:</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 40/30 Certification\u2014eight consecutive<br>calendar quarters with TTHMs and HAA5<br>equal to or less than 0.040 mg/l and<br>0.030 mg/l respectively beginning January<br>1, 2005, for schedules 3 and 4 (individual<br>results, not averaged) and with no moni-<br>toring violations during the same period.<br>\u2022 Very Small System Waiver\u2014systems that<br>serve fewer than 500 people and that<br>have sampled for TTHM and HAA5 under<br>the Stage 1 DBPR.</p>\n<br><h1 id='21' style='font-size:18px'>Surface Water Treatment Overview</h1>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Surface Water Treatment Rule was promul-<br>gated in 1989, and established new treatment<br>techniques and minimum disinfection require-<br>ments. The turbidity requirements changed<br>from an MCL to a treatment technique requir-<br>ing grab samples every four hours. The Inter-<br>im Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule<br>(IESWTR), for systems that serve at least 10,000<br>persons, and the Long Term 1 Enhanced Sur-<br>face Water Treatment Rule (LT1ESWTR), for sys-<br>tems that served less than 10,000 persons, went<br>into effect January 1, 2005. There are very few<br>differences between the requirements for these<br>two rules. The Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface<br>Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) establishes<br>different Cryptosporidium removal requirements<br>depending upon the level of the pathogen in the<br>source water. The schedule for monitoring with<br>LT2ESWTR is based on the same premise as the<br>Stage 2 DBPR.</p>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:18px'>Lead and Copper Rule Overview</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency<br>promulgated the Lead and Copper Rule in 1991<br>with the goal of minimizing lead and copper at<br>users\u2019 taps. The action levels for lead and cop-<br>per are 0.015 mg/l and 1.3 mg/l respectively at<br>the 90th percentile of the samples measured. If<br>the action levels are exceeded, test concurrently<br>to see if the lead/copper is in the source water<br>or from corrosive characteristics of the water.</p>\n<br><h1 id='25' style='font-size:18px'>Total Coliform Rule Overview</h1>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>FOUR</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>OF</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>two</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Total Coliform Rule is intended to ensure<br>that drinking water remains safe from micro-<br>bial contaminants. Public water systems must<br>collect a specific number of routine samples per<br>month, depending on the population served. All<br>utilities must develop a written bacteriological<br>sampling plan that is subject to review and revi-<br>sion by the states.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>PAGE</p>\n<br><h1 id='31' style='font-size:18px'>Compliance Strategies</h1>\n<br><p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Simultaneous compliance issues most often arise be-<br>tween disinfection by-products rules and surface water<br>treatment rules. The Stage 1 and Stage 2 DBPRs focus<br>on minimizing the formation of disinfection by-prod-<br>ucts in the distribution systems through enhanced<br>coagulation or enhanced softening to reduce exposure<br>to these potentially carcinogenic compounds. The<br>IESWTR, LT1ESWTR, and LT2ESWTR, on the other<br>hand, focus primarily on achieving adequate disinfec-<br>tion and removal of pathogens to protect from acute<br>pathogenic exposure that can cause outbreaks of wa-<br>terborne disease.</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Because the Stage 1 and 2 DBPRs are intended to min-<br>imize the formation of DBPs and residual disinfectants,<br>this rule may conflict with surface water treatment<br>rules (IESWTR, LT1ESWTR, LT2ESWTR), which specify<br>levels of treatment techniques required for Crypto-spo-<br>ridium and Giardia lamblia. The rules infer that treat-<br>ment at a level sufficient to eliminate these pathogens<br>will also eliminate other pathogens and viruses. The<br>primary idea is to control the disinfection by-products<br>(keeping them at or below the MCL) and maintain ad-<br>herence to the log removal requirements.</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>If a system is having problems with disinfection<br>by-products, the first thing that it should do is micro-<br>bial profiling and benchmarking. Disinfection profiling<br>is a graphical representation of the system\u2019s level of<br>Giardia or virus inactivation based on a compilation of<br>daily or weekly (depending on the system size) Giardia<br>and/or virus log inactivation over a period of a year or<br>more. Most operators know this as the contact time<br>calculations.</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To construct a profile, collect the following data at<br>the end of each process the same day of the week for<br>systems serving fewer than 10,000 people or daily for<br>systems serving more than 10,000 people for one year<br>during peak hourly flow:</p>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 temperature,<br>\u2022 disinfectant residual (if chlorine is used it is the<br>free chlorine residual),<br>\u2022 disinfectant contact time, and<br>\u2022 pH (if chlorine is used as disinfectant).</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>This information is then entered in a spreadsheet for<br>calculating the log inactivation. If chlorine is used,<br>only a Giardia profile is required with a 3-log inacti-<br>vation. If other disinfectants are used, a virus profile<br>is required with a 4-log inactivation, in addition to<br>Giardia with a 3-log inactivation.</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>From the profiling, a benchmark can be established<br>which is the lowest monthly value of Giardia log re-<br>moval (and viruses, if required) based on the average<br>of the measurements taken during that month. This<br>benchmark is used as a tool by the state and system<br>when a significant change in the disinfection practice</p>\n<footer id='39' style='font-size:14px'>Tech Brief \u2022 Simultaneous Compliance with Drinking Water Regulations, Winter 2007, Vol. 6, Issue 4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2653381, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>odor development, discolored water, slime growths, and economic problems including<br>corrosion of pipes and biodeterioration of materials (Water Research Centre, 1976).<br>Bacterial numbers tend to increase during distribution and are influenced by a number of<br>factors including the microbiological quality of the finished water entering the system,<br>temperature, residence time, presence or absence of a disinfectant residual, construction<br>materials, and availability of nutrients for growth (Geldreich et al., 1972; LeChevallier et al.,<br>1987; Maul et al., 1985a,b).</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The relationship of microbiological quality to turbidity and particle counts in distribution<br>water was studied by McCoy and Olson (1986). An upstream and a downstream sampling site<br>in each of three distribution systems (two surface water supplies and a ground water supply)<br>were sampled twice per month over a one year period. Turbidity was found to be related in<br>a linear manner to total particle concentration, but not to the number of bacterial cells.<br>Degradation of microbiological water quality was shown to be the result of unpredictable<br>intermittent events that occurred within the system.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>LeChevallier et al. (1987) conducted a study on the effect of distribution system biofilms<br>on water quality at a drinking water utility which experienced continuous microbiological<br>problems. The treatment plant effluent contained concentrations of coliform at <1/100 mL, but,<br>based on the total number of gallons produced, it was clear that some total coliforms were<br>entering the system from the plant. A monitoring program showed increased coliform<br>densities as the water moved further out into the distribution system. Maintenance of a 1.0<br>mg/L free chlorine residual was insufficient to control coliform occurrence. This was<br>considered to be a problem because coliform bacteria growing in distribution system biofilms<br>may mask the presence of other indicators that might indicate a breakdown in the treatment<br>barrier.</p>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:14px'>3.0 EXPERIMENTAL PILOT FACILITY</h1>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The pilot facility utilized to generate the data in this paper consisted of two parallel pilot<br>plants and two sets of three pipe loops in series (Clark et al., 1994b). Each set of loops<br>received treated water from a pilot plant. The source of water for the pilot plants was a non-<br>disinfected raw surface water.</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The capacity of the \u2018control\u2019 pilot plant was approximately 1 m 3/h. Basic operation of the<br>control consisted of chlorination followed by coagulation with ferric chloride at a rate of 30-50<br>mg/L depending on influent turbidity. After flocculation and sedimentation, the water was<br>filtered using European-style sand with a grain diameter of 0.5 mm and a filtration rate of 6<br>m/h. Back-washing of the sand filter was accomplished by a three-step procedure consisting<br>of air, air and water, and air for 4-5 min approximately every 18 h depending on head loss.<br>Post disinfection was accomplished with chlorine or chloramine at concentrations selected<br>to maintain a free chlorine residual of 0.2-0.5 mg/L or a monochloramine residual of 1 mg/L<br>after the first 24-h residence time in the experimental distribution system (pipe loops).<br>Chloramines were generated using an in-line mixer that contained HOCl and NH4Cl to obtain<br>a chloramine solution with a ratio of N:Cl2 of 1:5.</p>\n<footer id='27' style='font-size:14px'>3<br></footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 38381, "type": "text", "content": "Amber McPherson, Upper Surface Creek Domestic WUA \nDrinking Water Sanitary Survey\n\n\n \nAugust 28, 2020 \nPage 3\n\n\n3\\. M990 - Management:\n\n\n \n\nOther Management Observations: Department inspector identified system\nmanagement and operation \nobservation.\n\n\nT he supplier\u2019s distribution system consists of 10 pressure zones with\npressures ranging from 35 psi to 400 psi. \nIn November 2018, the Water and Wastewater Facility Operators Certification\nBoard updated and revised the \ncriteria for facility classification in Regulation No. 100. These revisions\nare important because treatment and \ndistribution/collection system classification establishes the minimum\ncertification level for the operator in \nresponsible charge (ORC). Based on the criteria listed in Regulation 100, the\nsupplier\u2019s distribution system \nmay be re-classified to Class 3 due to more than 3 pressure zones and\npressures greater than 150 psi. \nAdditional correspondence may come under separate cover. The current ORC holds\na Class 4 license and \nsatisfies the possible new classification. Questions regarding facility\nclassification should be directed to Tyson \nIngels at tyson.ingels@state.co.us or 303-692-3002.\n\n\n# Section IV: Field Verification/Sampling\n\n\n \n\nWhile performing the sanitary survey, the inspector performed water quality\nsampling for chlorine residual and \nturbidity. Table 3 indicates the results of the water quality sampling\nperformed on-site.\n\n\n# Table 3: Sampling Results\n\n\n# R eminders\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Regulation 11, Section 11.4(1)(b) (Prior Approval Required) requires the\ndepartment\u2019s approval prior to \ncommencement of construction of any improvements, treatment process\nmodifications, or the addition \nof new water sources.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Most regulations, guidance documents, and forms are available on the\ndepartment\u2019s website at \nhttp://wqcdcompliance.com.\n\n\n\u2022 Regulation 11, Section 11.5 requires all suppliers of water to develop and\nimplement a monitoring plan. \nA new version of the department\u2019s Monitoring Plan Template is now available at \nhttps://www.colorado.gov/cdphe/monitoringplans. For assistance developing or\nupdating your \nmonitoring plan, coaching assistance can be requested via the Local Assistance\nUnit website at \nhttps://www.colorado.gov/pacific/cdphe/tools-drinking-water-facilities-\nmanagers. The supplier is \nrequired to submit a copy of the updated plan via the department\u2019s online\nportal at \nhttps://wqcdcompliance.com/login. For portal support, please contact Kaleb\nWinisko at \nkaleb.winisko@state.co.us or 303-691-7803. The plan will then be reviewed by\nthe Drinking Water \nCompliance Assurance Section. For questions regarding the Monitoring Plan\nrequirements please \ncontact the Compliance Assurance Section at 303-692-3556.\n\n\n\u2022 In November 2018, the Water and Wastewater Facility Operators Certification\nBoard updated and \nrevised the criteria for facility classification in Regulation No. 100. These\nrevisions are important \nbecause treatment and distribution/collection system classification\nestablishes the minimum \ncertification level for the operator in responsible charge (ORC). This may\naffect your facility\u2019s operator\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 413588, "type": "text", "content": "Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of water and is an indication of the\neffectiveness of our filtration system. The \nturbidity limit set by the EPA is 0.3 NTU in 95% of the daily samples and\nshall not exceed 1 NTU at any time. As reported on \npage #3, the Clyde Water Plant highest recorded turbidity result for 2017 was\n0.064 NTU and lowest monthly percentage of \nsamples meeting the turbidity limits was 100%.\n\n\nTotal organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects. However, total organic\ncarbon provides a medium for the formation of \ndisinfection by-products. These by-products include trihalomethanes (THM\u2019s)\nand haloacetic acids (HAA5\u2019s). Drinking water \ncontaining these by-products in excess of the MCL may lead to adverse health\neffects, liver or kidney problems, or nervous \nsystem effects, and may lead to an increase risk of getting cancer.\n\n\n\u201cUnder the Stage 2 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (D/DBPR), our\npublic water system was required by \nUSEPA to conduct an evaluation of our distribution system. This is known as an\nInitial Distribution System Evaluation (IDSE), \nand is intended to identify locations in our distribution system with elevated\ndisinfection byproducts concentrations. The \nlocations selected for the IDSE were used for compliance monitoring under the\nStage 2 DBPR, beginning in 2013. Disinfection \nbyproducts are the result of providing continuous disinfection of your\ndrinking water and form when disinfectants combine \nwith organic matter naturally occurring in the source water. Disinfection\nbyproducts are grouped into two categories, Total \nTrihalomethanes (TTHM) and Haloacetic Acids (HAA5). USEPA sets standards for\ncontrolling the levels of disinfectants and \ndisinfectant byproducts in drinking water, including both TTHMs and HAA5s.\u201d\n\n\nF or more information on your drinking water:\n\n\n \n\nContact Phil Farrar, Water Plant Superintendent, at (419) 547-9805. Public\nparticipation and comments are encouraged at \nregular meetings of Clyde City Council, which meets on the 1st and 3rd Tuesday\nof each month at 7:00PM, at the Clyde City \nHall Council Room.\n\n\nR esults for the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR3) are\navailable upon request. Contact Phil Farrar, \nthe Water Plant Superintendent, at (419) 547-9805 or at email\npfarrar@clydeohio.org\n\n\n4\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 38380, "type": "text", "content": "August 28, 2020 \nPage 2\n\n\n \n\nAmber McPherson, Upper Surface Creek Domestic WUA \nDrinking Water Sanitary Survey\n\n\nany situation, practice, or condition in a public water system with respect to\ndesign, operation, \nmaintenance, or administration, that the state determines may result in or\nhave the potential to \nresult in production of finished drinking water that poses an unacceptable\nrisk to health and welfare \nof the public served by the water system.\n\n\n# No Significant Deficiencies were identified.\n\n\nSection II: Violations\n\n\n \n\nNo Violations were identified.\n\n\n# Section III: Observations/Recommendations\n\n\n \n\nThe department recommends the supplier follow-up and consider the following\nobservations-recommendations. \nPlease direct questions regarding any of the items below to the department\ninspector.\n\n\n1\\. T110 - Treatment: Water Treatment Plant (SDWIS ID: 003)\n\n\n \n\nLog Inactivation (Surface Water and GWUDI): Supplier demonstration of adequate\ndisinfection at the time of \nthe sanitary survey. Adequate disinfection is required prior to the entry\npoint to the distribution system. \nRegulation 11, Section 11.8(1)(b)(i)(A).\n\n\nP er Regulation 11, Section 11.8(3)(b)(i)(A), the supplier must maintain\ndisinfection treatment sufficient to \nensure that the total treatment processes, including filtration and\ndisinfection, achieve 99.9 percent (3-log) \ntreatment of Giardia lamblia cysts and 99.99 percent (4-log) treatment of\nviruses, as determined by the \ndepartment. The supplier utilizes a Pall Aria Microza membrane system that, if\nproperly operated, allows for \n3.0\u2013log removal credit for Giardia lamblia and 0-log removal credit of\nviruses. Per the information provided by \nthe supplier, the disinfection contact time is achieved at the surface water\ntreatment plant via a gaseous \nchlorine injection.\n\n\nRegulation 11, Section 11.3(33) defines the first customer as the first\npotable water service connection \ndownstream of the point where complete water treatment, including disinfection\ncontact time, has occurred. \nThe supplier must treat the water used for human consumption to at least 3.0\nlog inactivation of Giardia \nlamblia cysts and 4 log inactivation of viruses, in addition to the 3.0-log\nremoval of Giardia lamblia and 0-log \nremoval of viruses provided by filtration.\n\n\nThough this requirement has been part of Regulation 11 since the U.S.\nEnvironmental Protection Agency's \nSurface Water Treatment Rule went into effect, the department has recently\nbegun a statewide outreach and \ndisinfection verification project to re-evaluate surface water treatment. The\ndepartment has formed a \nDisinfection Outreach and Verification Effort (DOVE) team to perform this re-\nevaluation and assist suppliers of \nwater in assessing their disinfection.\n\n\nDuring the sanitary survey, the department inspector informed the supplier\nthat the DOVE team will be \nproviding additional information regarding the department\u2019s evaluation process\nunder separate letter. The \ndepartment has assigned Amy Zimmerman to assess the supplier\u2019s treatment plant\nfor sufficient disinfection. \nIf the supplier opts to proactively start addressing this issue, please\ncontact Amy Zimmerman at 303-692-3545 \nor amy.zimmerman@state.co.us .\n\n\n2\\. R997 - Monitoring & Recordkeeping and Data Verification:\n\n\n \n\nOther Monitoring, Recordkeeping and Data Observations: Department inspector\nidentified monitoring, \nrecordkeeping and data observation.\n\n\nD uring the sanitary survey, the supplier\u2019s Monitoring Plan was discussed. The\ndepartment has a new General \nMonitoring Plan Wizard to assist in developing a General Monitoring Plan. The\nwizard can be found at: \nhttps://www.colorado.gov/cdphe/monitoringplans. Although the supplier has a\nmonitoring plan, the wizard \nmay assist in keeping the plan up-to-date.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2370522, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>248. The RTCR requires public water systems that are vulnerable to microbial contamination to<br>identify and fix problems.</p>\n<br><h1 id='65' style='font-size:18px'>A. True B. False</h1>\n<p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 49. The water provider shall collect repeat samples (at least 3) for each TC+ positive routine<br>sample.<br>A. True B. False</p>\n<p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 50. The RTCR requires public water systems (PWSs) to meet a legal limit for E. coli, as<br>demonstrated by required monitoring.<br>A. True B. False</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 51. The RTCR suggests the frequency and timing of required microbial testing based on, public<br>water type and source water type.<br>A. True B. False</p>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 52. For PWSs on quarterly or annual routine sampling, collect additional routine samples (at<br>least 3) in the month after a ______________________ .</p>\n<br><table id='70' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>A. CCR(s)</td><td>C. Total coliform positive samples</td></tr><tr><td>B. PN</td><td>D. TC+ routine or repeat sample</td></tr></table>\n<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 53. PWSs incur violations if they do not comply with the requirements of the RTCR. The violation<br>types are essentially the same as under the TCR with few changes. The biggest change is no<br>acute or monthly MCL violation for ______________only.</p>\n<br><table id='72' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>A. CCR(s)</td><td>C. Total coliform positive samples</td></tr><tr><td>B. PN</td><td>D. TC+ routine or repeat sample</td></tr></table>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 54. Community water systems (CWSs) must use specific language in their CCRs when they<br>must conduct an assessment or if they incur________________.</p>\n<br><table id='74' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>A. CCR(s)</td><td>C. An E. coli MCL violation</td></tr><tr><td>B. PN</td><td>D. TC+ routine or repeat sample</td></tr></table>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 55. The water provider shall analyze all ________________ that are total coliform positive (TC+)<br>for E. coli.</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>A. Routine or repeat water samples C. Microbial contamination<br>B. Reduced monitoring D. Repeat water samples</p>\n<h1 id='77' style='font-size:18px'>D isinfection Key</h1>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>256. The RTCR requires 99.99% or 4 log inactivation of</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>_____________ .</p>\n<br><table id='80' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>A.</td><td>Enteric viruses</td><td>C.</td><td>Giardia lamblia cysts</td></tr><tr><td>B.</td><td>Crypto</td><td>D.</td><td>None of the above</td></tr></table>\n<br><h1 id='81' style='font-size:20px'>D isinfection Section</h1>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Chlorine\u2019s Appearance and Odor</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>257. Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas it will condense to an amber liquid at approximately<br>______________F or at high pressures.</p>\n<br><table id='84' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>A. -29.2 degrees</td><td>C. 29 degrees</td></tr><tr><td>B. \u2013 100 degrees</td><td>D. None of the above</td></tr></table>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>2 58. Prolonged exposures to chlorine gas may result in?</p>\n<br><table id='86' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>A.</td><td>Moisture, steam, and water</td><td>C. Olfactory fatigue</td></tr><tr><td>B.</td><td>Odor thresholds</td><td>D. None of the above</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='87' style='font-size:14px'>Water Mains Assignment</footer>\n<br><footer id='88' style='font-size:16px'>34 TLC \u00a9 1/13/2020 www.abctlc.com</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2113980, "type": "text", "content": "# WATER QUALITY REPORT 2016\n\n\n# 5.2 TESTING PROGRAM\n\n\nWater at the nine sampling sites is tested and sampled every \nsecond week (see Appendix 3) by the water treatment plant \noperators. Field tests are performed for temperature, pH, free and \ntotal chlorine, and turbidity. Samples are taken in accordance with \nthe 20th Edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water \nand Wastewater, and delivered to a certified laboratory for testing \n(Caro Environmental Services in Kelowna). The water is tested for \ntotal coliforms and E. Coli. All results are submitted to the Utilities \nManager and Water Treatment/Distribution Chief Operator. In the \nevent of a positive sample, the City of Salmon Arm and Caro will \nnotify the IHA Drinking Water Officer. Depending on the location \nand type of positive test result, the City and Health Authority will \ninstitute one or more of the following responses in accordance with \nthe Emergency Response Plan:\n\n\n \n\n\" Anyone who can \nsolve the \nproblems of \nwater will be \nworthy of two \nNobel prizes - \none for peace and \none for science.\"\n\n\n# J ohn F. Kennedy\n\n\n \n\na) further testing to confirm the previous test results; \nb) main flushing to remove stagnant water; \nc) disinfection, if it appears to have contamination from an \noutside source; and \nd) Boil Water Advisory, if there is a health risk to users.\n\n\n \n\nT he City has instituted an additional testing program. Random \nsites are periodically tested for pH, temperature, free and total \nchlorine, and turbidity. These sites are located in key locations on \nthe extremities of the system known to have low flow or stagnant \nwater conditions. This ensures that no biological re-growth is \noccurring within the system. Where any of these parameters \nreaches the set limits, flushing to refresh the water supply is \ninstituted.\n\n\n \n\nT he health of our water system and public trust in it are issues the \nCity takes seriously. Our Utilities Division staff work closely with \nInterior Health so that a program is in place that ensures our \ncitizens are provided with safe and healthy drinking water.\n\n\n# N ew Water mains\n\n\n \n\nDisinfection of a new water main is completed in accordance with \nAWWA C651-05. If the samples are not clean, the whole process \nis repeated.\n\n\n\\- 9 -\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 38379, "type": "text", "content": "# August 28, 2020\n\n\nMs. Amber McPherson \nUpper Surface Creek Domestic WUA \nPO Box 70 \nCedaredge, CO 81413\n\n\nS ubject: Sanitary Survey of Upper Surface Creek Domestic WUA \nPublic Water System Identification (PWSID) No. CO0115784 \nDelta County\n\n\nDear Ms. McPherson:\n\n\nA sanitary survey was performed on August 20, 2020 by the Field Services\nSection of the Colorado Department \nof Public Health & Environment\u2019s Water Quality Control Division (the\ndepartment) at Upper Surface Creek \nDomestic WUA (the supplier) in accordance with the Colorado Primary Drinking\nWater Regulations, 5 CCR 1002- \n11 (Regulation 11), Sections 11.38(1)(b) and 11.38(2). This letter serves to\nprovide the supplier with written \nnotification of the sanitary survey findings, including any identified\nsignificant deficiencies and violations of \nRegulation 11. The assistance provided was very helpful and is greatly\nappreciated. Table 1 identifies the \nparties present during the sanitary survey.\n\n\n# Table 1: Parties Present\n\n\nTable 2 summarizes the number of findings and the required written response\nand resolution dates.\n\n\nTable 2: Sanitary Survey Findings\n\n\nA list of the findings for each category in Table 2 can be found in the\nfollowing sections:\n\n\n# Section I: Significant Deficiencies\n\n\n \n\nAccording to Regulation 11, Section 11.3(72), a significant deficiency means:\n\n\n \n\nWater Quality Control Division: Grand Junction \n222 S. 6th Street Suite 232 Grand Junction, CO 81501 P 970-248-7150\nwww.colorado.gov/cdphe/wqcd \nJared Polis, Governor | Jill Hunsaker Ryan, MPH, Executive Director\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 38382, "type": "text", "content": "August 28, 2020 \nPage 4\n\n\n \n\nAmber McPherson, Upper Surface Creek Domestic WUA \nDrinking Water Sanitary Survey\n\n\ncertification requirements. For existing facilities, the new criteria will be\napplied beginning March 1, \n2021\\. For new facilities, or if your facility undergoes a design review by\nthe department, the facility \nclassification will be re-evaluated based on new criteria beginning March 1,\n2019. More information is \navailable at: www.colorado.gov/cdphe/wq-reg100-facility-classification.\n\n\nW e would appreciate any feedback that you provide so that we can improve.\nPlease take a few moments to \ncomplete this survey.\n\n\n \n\nIf you have any questions, please contact me at (970) 248-7154 or\ncasey.kay@state.co.us . Thank you for your \ntime and cooperation.\n\n\nSincerely,\n\n\nK C Kay, Environmental Protection Specialist \nField Services Section \nWater Quality Control Division \nColorado Department of Public Health & Environment\n\n\ncc: Delta County Health Department \nDrinking Water File, PWSID No. CO0115784 \nAquifer Case Aquifer Case FS.20.INSP.05750\n\n\nA mber McPherson, AC \nDayton Myers Jr, ORC \nTyson Ingels, Lead Drinking Water Engineer, CDPHE-WQCD\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering permissible limits in sampling for both chlorine residual and turbidity, demonstrate how an engineer would proceed with planning for system upgrades in compliance with Regulation 11, given the mandatory approvals and potential classification changes from 2018 revisions.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 878, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1930557, "type": "text", "content": "PERSPECTIVES FROM LEARNING AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH\n\n\n \n105\n\n\nNational Research Council. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience\nand school. National Academy \nPress. \nNational Research Council. (2005). How students learn: History, mathematics,\nand science in the classroom. The \nNational Academies Press. \nNational Research Council. (2012). A framework for K\u201312 science education:\nPractices, crosscutting concepts, and \ncore ideas. The National Academies Press. \nNewkirk, I., & Stone, G. (2020). AnimalKind: Remarkable discoveries about\nanimals and revolutionary new ways \nto show them compassion. Simon & Schuster. \nNucci, L., & Turiel, E. (2009). Capturing the complexity of moral development\nand education. Mind, Brain, \nand Education, 3(3), 151\u2013159. \nNystrand, M., Gamoran, A., & Carbonaro, W. (1998). Towards an ecology of\nlearning: The case of classroom \ndiscourse and its effects on writing in high school English and social\nstudies. Center on English Learning \nAchievement. \nNystrand, M., Wu, L. L., Gamoran, A., Zeiser, S., & Long, D. A. (2003).\nQuestions in time: Investigating \nthe structure and dynamics of unfolding classroom discourse. Discourse\nProcesses, 35(2), 135\u2013198. \nOkin, S. M. (1996). The gendered family and the development of a sense of\njustice. In E. S. Reed, E. Turiel, \n& T. Brown (Eds.), Values and knowledge (pp. 61\u201374). Erlbaum. \nOsher, D., Cantor, P., and Berg, J. (2018). Drivers of human development: How\nrelationships and context \nshape learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(1), 1\u201331. \nPacker, M., & Cole, M. (2020). The institutional foundations of human\nevolution, ontogenesis, and learning. \nIn N. Nasir, C. D. Lee, R. Pea, & M. McKinney de Royston (Eds.), The handbook\nof the cultural founda- \ntions of learning (pp. 3\u201323). Routledge. \nPapert, S. (1988). The conservation of Piaget: The computer as grist to the\nconstructivist mill. In G. Foreman, \n& P. Pufall (Eds.), Constructivism in the computer age (pp. 3\u201313). Lawrence\nErlbaum Associates. \nParis, D., & Alim, H. (Eds.) (2018). Culturally sustaining pedagogies:\nTeaching and learning for justice in a \nchanging world. Teachers College. \nPaulos, J. A. (1995). A mathematician reads the newspaper. Doubleday. \nPaulos, J. A. (2007, April 28). Misleading numbers in the news. ABC News.\nhttps://abcnews.go.com/ \nTechnology/WhosCounting/story?id=300038&page;=1. \nPaxton, R. J. (2002). The influence of author visibility on high school\nstudents solving a historical problem. \nCognition and Instruction, 20(2), 197\u2013248. \nPayne, B. K., Vuletich. H. A. & Lundberg, K. B. (2017). The bias of crowds:\nHow implicit bias bridges \npersonal and systemic prejudice. Psychological Inquiry, 28(4), 233\u2013248. \nPayne, R. K. (1999). A framework for understanding and working with students\nand adults from poverty. RFT \nPublishing. \nPhinney, J. S., Horenczyk, G., Liebkind, K., & Vedder, P. (2001). Ethnic\nidentity, immigration, and well-being: \nAn interactional perspective. Journal of Social Issues, 57(3), 493\u2013510. \nPhinney, J.S. (1996). Understanding Ethnic Diversity: The Role of Ethnic\nIdentity. American Behavioral \nScientist, 40(2), 143\u2013152. \nPolman, J. L., Newman, A., Saul, E. W., & Farrar, C. (2014). Adapting\npractices of science journalism to \nfoster science literacy. Science Education, 98(5), 766\u2013791. \nPorat, D. (2004). It\u2019s not written here, but this is what happened: Cultural\ncomprehension of textbook nar- \nratives on the Israeli\u2013Arab conflict. American Educational Research Journal,\n41(4), 963\u2013996. \nPowell, J. (2012). Race-ing to justice: Transforming our conceptions of self\nand other to build an inclusive society. \nIndiana University. \nQuartz, S. R., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2002). Liars, lovers, and heroes: What the\nnew brain science reveals about how \nwe become who we are. William Morrow. \nRabinowitz, P. (1987). Before reading: Narrative conventions and the politics\nof interpretation. Cornell University \nPress. \nRaphael, T. E., & McMahon, S. I. (1994). Book club: An alternative framework\nfor reading instruction. The \nReading Teacher, 48(2), 102\u2013116. \nReisman, A. (2012). Reading like a historian: A document-based history\ncurriculum intervention in urban \nhigh schools. Cognition and Instruction, 30(1), 86\u2013112.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1931059, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='28' style='font-size:14px'>PERSPECTIVES FROM LEARNING AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH</header>\n<br><header id='29' style='font-size:20px'>105</header>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>National Research Council. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience and school. National Academy<br>Press.<br>National Research Council. (2005). How students learn: History, mathematics, and science in the classroom. The<br>National Academies Press.<br>National Research Council. (2012). A framework for K\u201312 science education: Practices, crosscutting concepts, and<br>core ideas. The National Academies Press.<br>Newkirk, I., & Stone, G. (2020). AnimalKind: Remarkable discoveries about animals and revolutionary new ways<br>to show them compassion. Simon & Schuster.<br>Nucci, L., & Turiel, E. (2009). Capturing the complexity of moral development and education. Mind, Brain,<br>and Education, 3(3), 151\u2013159.<br>Nystrand, M., Gamoran, A., & Carbonaro, W. (1998). Towards an ecology of learning: The case of classroom<br>discourse and its effects on writing in high school English and social studies. Center on English Learning<br>Achievement.<br>Nystrand, M., Wu, L. L., Gamoran, A., Zeiser, S., & Long, D. A. (2003). Questions in time: Investigating<br>the structure and dynamics of unfolding classroom discourse. Discourse Processes, 35(2), 135\u2013198.<br>Okin, S. M. (1996). The gendered family and the development of a sense of justice. In E. S. Reed, E. Turiel,<br>& T. Brown (Eds.), Values and knowledge (pp. 61\u201374). Erlbaum.<br>Osher, D., Cantor, P., and Berg, J. (2018). Drivers of human development: How relationships and context<br>shape learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(1), 1\u201331.<br>Packer, M., & Cole, M. (2020). The institutional foundations of human evolution, ontogenesis, and learning.<br>In N. Nasir, C. D. Lee, R. Pea, & M. McKinney de Royston (Eds.), The handbook of the cultural founda-<br>tions of learning (pp. 3\u201323). Routledge.<br>Papert, S. (1988). The conservation of Piaget: The computer as grist to the constructivist mill. In G. Foreman,<br>& P. Pufall (Eds.), Constructivism in the computer age (pp. 3\u201313). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.<br>Paris, D., & Alim, H. (Eds.) (2018). Culturally sustaining pedagogies: Teaching and learning for justice in a<br>changing world. Teachers College.<br>Paulos, J. A. (1995). A mathematician reads the newspaper. Doubleday.<br>Paulos, J. A. (2007, April 28). Misleading numbers in the news. ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/<br>Technology/WhosCounting/story?id=300038&page=1.<br>Paxton, R. J. (2002). The influence of author visibility on high school students solving a historical problem.<br>Cognition and Instruction, 20(2), 197\u2013248.<br>Payne, B. K., Vuletich. H. A. & Lundberg, K. B. (2017). The bias of crowds: How implicit bias bridges<br>personal and systemic prejudice. Psychological Inquiry, 28(4), 233\u2013248.<br>Payne, R. K. (1999). A framework for understanding and working with students and adults from poverty. RFT<br>Publishing.<br>Phinney, J. S., Horenczyk, G., Liebkind, K., & Vedder, P. (2001). Ethnic identity, immigration, and well-being:<br>An interactional perspective. Journal of Social Issues, 57(3), 493\u2013510.<br>Phinney, J.S. (1996). Understanding Ethnic Diversity: The Role of Ethnic Identity. American Behavioral<br>Scientist, 40(2), 143\u2013152.<br>Polman, J. L., Newman, A., Saul, E. W., & Farrar, C. (2014). Adapting practices of science journalism to<br>foster science literacy. Science Education, 98(5), 766\u2013791.<br>Porat, D. (2004). It\u2019s not written here, but this is what happened: Cultural comprehension of textbook nar-<br>ratives on the Israeli\u2013Arab conflict. American Educational Research Journal, 41(4), 963\u2013996.<br>Powell, J. (2012). Race-ing to justice: Transforming our conceptions of self and other to build an inclusive society.<br>Indiana University.<br>Quartz, S. R., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2002). Liars, lovers, and heroes: What the new brain science reveals about how<br>we become who we are. William Morrow.<br>Rabinowitz, P. (1987). Before reading: Narrative conventions and the politics of interpretation. Cornell University<br>Press.<br>Raphael, T. E., & McMahon, S. I. (1994). Book club: An alternative framework for reading instruction. The<br>Reading Teacher, 48(2), 102\u2013116.<br>Reisman, A. (2012). Reading like a historian: A document-based history curriculum intervention in urban<br>high schools. Cognition and Instruction, 30(1), 86\u2013112.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 106022, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>BRIGHT HORIZONS Readers<br>Growing<br>Review</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='1' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"July\n2021\n20th Anniversary\" data-coord=\"top-left:(868,29); bottom-right:(1167,318)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Books of Excellence and Notable books are selected annually by a panel of<br>Bright Horizons early childhood experts and represent some of the best new writing in children\u2019s literature.</p>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:20px'>NEW!</h1>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Growing Readers<br>Book Club videos!</p>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:16px'>SCHOOL-AGE K-2</h1>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>See page 3<br>for further details.</p>\n<br><h1 id='7' style='font-size:20px'>Althea Gibson</h1>\n<figure><img id='8' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(54,671); bottom-right:(371,1038)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Written by Megan Reid; Illustrated by Laura Freeman</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Althea Gibson was the \u201cquickest, tallest, most fearless girl Harlem had ever<br>seen.\u201d She began winning local tennis competitions when she was only<br>twelve, but that wasn\u2019t enough for her. She overcame racial segregation and<br>prejudice to become the first black person to win at Wimbledon.</p>\n<h1 id='11' style='font-size:16px'>Storytelling Tips</h1>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Spark conversation. Make a few observations or ask \u201cI wonder\"<br>questions. For example, \u201cAlthea worked so hard. What\u2019s something that<br>you\u2019ve worked to get better at?\u201d or \u201cI wonder how she felt at Wimbledon<br>as the only black person? Can you remember a time when you felt like an<br>only?\u201d Point out and research unfamiliar words or phrases such as \u201cfleet<br>of foot.\u201d</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Look at the illustrations. Point out the end papers. Did you notice the<br>recurring theme of illustrations placed within circles (like tennis balls)?</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:16px'>Extend the Learning</h1>\n<p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Make your own play street. Section off a portion of your yard for unlimited play. Talk with<br>neighbors about making a space for ball play, even if it\u2019s just for a day.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Take a geography lesson. Pull out a map and find the places Althea visited, e.g., France, Sweden,<br>Germany, Burma, and of course, England.</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Play a match. Play tennis, table tennis, or pickleball. Or play simple homemade games. Try to keep a<br>balloon in the air or toss crumbled balls of paper back and forth.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We are proud to partner with The Book Vine for Children on our Growing Readers<br>book selections. Click here to order these books and more.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 106025, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='55' style='font-size:18px'>Continued...</h1>\n<h1 id='56' style='font-size:18px'>SCHOOL-AGE (3RD-6TH)</h1>\n<br><h1 id='57' style='font-size:22px'>Here in the Real World</h1>\n<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Written by Sara Pennypacker</p>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ware and Jolene skip summer camp to build a fortress and garden in the abandoned lot next door. But when<br>the lot is threatened, they have to do something to save it. A poignant story about friendship, courage, and<br>acceptance.</p>\n<br><h1 id='60' style='font-size:20px'>Storytelling Tips</h1>\n<h1 id='61' style='font-size:16px'>f</h1>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>Read aloud. Older children still love hearing stories. This one, with its short chapters and<br>humor, is a great choice. Read a few pages over dinner or at bedtime, or take it along on a road<br>trip.</p>\n<br><h1 id='63' style='font-size:16px'>f</h1>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>Talk it through. Make comments and ask open-ended questions to prompt rich discussion,<br>e.g., \u201cWho was your favorite character? Did they remind you of someone you know in real life?<br>What would you do if you were in their situation?\u201d</p>\n<figure><img id='65' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(180,892); bottom-right:(441,1261)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='66' style='font-size:20px'>Extend the Learning</h1>\n<p id='67' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Build a fort. Bring home an appliance box,<br>throw sheets over a table, or make a more<br>permanent structure. Encourage your child to<br>design and decorate the fort.</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>f</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Plant a garden. Growing a garden can be<br>as simple as a few herbs, tomatoes, or salad<br>greens in pots or a full-on garden project. You<br>may even consider donating a portion of your<br>crop to your local food pantry.</p>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u00a9 2021 Bright Horizons Family Solutions LLC</p>\n<br><footer id='71' style='font-size:20px'>Visit brighthorizons.com /growingreaders for more information.</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1064442, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>feelings of alienation. Too, they were attuned to television, the movies, the nervous pace of the<br>streets; it was hard to find tales that would hold them. The proper stories, as Tolstoy points out in<br>his educational writings, are not those written about their experience, but those arising from it. In<br>some sense, the boys should write for each other, at least to provide a material for the crucial first<br>step of finding a recognizable and relevant experience in books. More work like Herbert Kohl's<br>may be the answer here. (It has been tried successfully in England, as Joseph Featherstone tells<br>us in his Report.) Kohl discovered, in his public-school classes, that the children did not<br>understand that the language in books was the very same language they spoke to one another. He<br>got them to write of their own lives, not worrying about punctuation and grammar (for these can<br>be derived later, according to meanings), and suddenly children who had been unable to write<br>compositions were producing poignant stories of their lives at home and in the streets. Too, they<br>were interested in one another\u2019s work, and this provided a subject matter for reading. Now<br>learning was possible, for as Dewey tells us, learning is not a process distinct in itself, but is a<br>by-product of engagement with subjects.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>U nder normal conditions, learning is the product and reward of occupation with subject matter.<br>Children do not set out, consciously, to learn walking and talking. One sets out to give his<br>impulses for communication and for fuller intercourse with others a show. He learns in<br>consequence of his direct activities. The better methods of teaching a child, say, to read, follow<br>the same road. They do not fix his attention upon the fact that he has to learn something and so<br>make his attitude self-conscious and constrained. They engage his activities, and in the process<br>of engagement he learns. ... --Democracy and Education</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>( Jose and I never did reach this stage of engagement with a compelling subject. His difficulties<br>were too extreme. He was trapped too desperately in awareness of himself. My strategy was to<br>take him through this aware- ness by giving him the means to turn it to account. Thus I often--<br>toward the end of the year--insisted that be cope with learning precisely as a process, for this<br>brought his conflicts to the surface, and they could then be dealt with. With a more normally<br>developed child, a strategy like this would be superfluous, and even damaging.)</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>B ut there is another consideration, too, with regard to reading stories aloud, and it deserves<br>attention: the day- time--especially when we are dealing with restless and active boys--is simply<br>not the right time for stories. Tolstoy mentions this several times in describing the peasant<br>children of his own school.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I n the evenings in general ... the hubbub is not so great and the docility and confidence in the<br>teacher are greater. The pupils seem to evince an abhorrence for mathematics and analysis, and a<br>liking for singing, reading, and especially for stories.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P erhaps if our own system of primary education were not modeled so harshly on the methods of<br>factories, and were not so blatantly designed to facilitate the labors of administrators and<br>teachers, we might find that the evenings would be uniquely suited to particular studies.<br>Certainly nothing would be lost by bringing school into some kind of harmony with the daily<br>cycles experienced by everyone. (Parents would do well to consider it. The evening is not a bad<br>time to get the kids out of the house.)</p>\n<footer id='11' style='font-size:14px'>92</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 967431, "type": "text", "content": "CORE METHODOLOGIES\n\n\n# e. ACTIVITY 1\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 This is usually a story, a story that relates to the theme. \n\u2022 Learners are required to: read the text silently on their own; think about\nthe \nanswers to the questions; read the text together with a partner; discuss the \nquestions with a partner; write down the answers to the questions in their\nexercise \nbooks. \n\u2022 The teacher may either go through the answers with the class at the end of\nthe \nlesson, or, display the memorandum for learners to correct their own work.\n\n\n \n\n# f. ACTIVITY 2\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 This is always a \u2018non-fiction text\u2019, an information text that relates to the\ntheme. \n\u2022 Learners are required to: read the text silently on their own; think about\nthe \nanswers to the questions; read the text together with a partner; discuss the \nquestions with a partner; write down the answers to the questions in their\nexercise \nbooks. \n\u2022 The teacher may either go through the answers with the class at the end of\nthe \nlesson, or, display the memorandum for learners to correct their own work.\n\n\n \n\n# g. ACTIVITY 3\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 This is always a \u2018visual text\u2019: a graph; a table; a poster; a picture; or a\nchart that \nrelates to the theme. \n\u2022 Learners are required to: read the text silently on their own; think about\nthe \nanswers to the questions; read the text together with a partner; discuss the \nquestions with a partner; write down the answers to the questions in their\nexercise \nbooks. \n\u2022 The teacher may either go through the answers with the class at the end of\nthe \nlesson, or, display the memorandum for learners to correct their own work. \n\u2022 If learners cannot \u2018read\u2019 the visual texts on their own, this is a good\nteaching \nopportunity. Take some time to explain to learners how to access the\ninformation in \na visual text.\n\n\n \n\n# h. ACTIVITY 4\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Activity 4 always requires learners to write their own summary of one of the\nweek\u2019s \nactivities. \n\u2022 Learners are required to: re-read the text silently on their own; re-read\nthe text \ntogether with a partner; discuss the summary frame with a partner; and then\nwork \nindependently to write down their summary in their exercise books. \n\u2022 For Term 3, mind-mapping has been selected as the summary strategy to be\nused. \n\u2022 The teacher may either go through the answers with the class at the end of\nthe \nlesson, or, display the memorandum for learners to correct their own work.\n\n\nNote: Look after these worksheets carefully and store them properly once they\nhave been used. \nYou should be able to use the same worksheets for many years, as learners do\nnot write on them. \nInstead, they write in their exercise books.\n\n\nLESSON PLAN: TERM 1\n\n\n \n31\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3236604, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>27 EPBC II TEACHER\u201fS GUIDE</p>\n<br><h1 id='61' style='font-size:18px'>\u201c HOW CAN MY STUDENTS LEARN WITH EPBC II?\u201d</h1>\n<br><table id='62' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Methods & Activity Types</td><td>Sample Activities from the Pool of Literature Activities</td></tr><tr><td>R eading literature for pleasure Games You may create various playful activities to help children discover information about the picture book. Many popular games can be used: -Crosswords -Quizzes -Wheel of fortune -Puzzles (of scenes/ people/ animal/objects) -Trivial pursuit (various questions leading to a price/award) -Pictionary (one of the students knows the word and is asked to draw a picture to help others find out the word) -Hangman -Arrange</td><td>F ind the Mismatch Students play a game. Four out of the five picture books students have in front of them have something in common (e.g. they are all set in a city, or by the sea; or they have the same animal as their protagonist, etc.). A group wins if they find out what it is that the books have in common, and which book is the mismatch (i.e., does not share the common element the other books have).</td></tr><tr><td>Enhancing attitudes and habits; reading for pleasure Create conditions that will allow children to adopt book reading as an everyday habit: -Arrange a corner in the classroom for reading the EPBC II picture books. You may use carpets, pillows or any other \u201cunconventional\u201d type of furniture. -Arrange a daily schedule so as at the beginning of each day (before lessons start) children are allowed to read a book of their choice. Allow 10-15 minutes daily. At the same time the teacher should also read a book. the weekly time schedule so as one period is dedicated to discussing and presenting an EPBC II picture book. The teacher or the students can do this. -Organise school festivals. -Organise projects and competitions (of best poster, best illustration). -Organise book clubs. -Ask parents to read bedtime stories to their children. -Arrange visits (to places described in the books/ to libraries). -Ask a storyteller to visit your classroom (grandparents may help).</td><td>R eading night The teacher and the children make a free space in the classroom for their sleeping bags. Each child has brought a book which he/she has already read and likes. Each child tells the plot of the own book and explains the others what he/she likes in this book. Then children exchange books, go in their sleeping bags and read a book or look at the pictures</td></tr><tr><td>Activities Involving Art Ask children to create characters or scenes from the books. This can be done in any creative way such as drawings, sculptures, collage, models etc. -Ask students to explain why they chose the details in their</td><td>F amily crest Students describe and compare families presented in EPBC II picture books. The students are then given a crest diagram and complete</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1271507, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='52' style='font-size:18px'>Storytimes</h1>\n<br><table id='53' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Current practice</td></tr><tr><td>The daily time for stories is a priority. Teachers prepare the story reading so they can capture children\u2019s attention.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Extra small-group storytimes are timetabled for children with speech, language and communication needs.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Staff have a wide knowledge of traditional and contemporary children\u2019s literature.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>High-quality stories to read aloud to children, including traditional and modern stories, are organised, listed and shared.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>In stories and other books, children encounter others whose experiences and perspectives are both similar to and different from their own.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers re-read stories and talk with children about them to build familiarity and understanding.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Some stories are dramatised with children when they know the story well.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>\u2018Second tier\u2019 vocabulary is explored in wider contexts, once children know a story well.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Books are made available for parents to share with their children at home.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers explain to parents the benefits of reading aloud at home.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Book corners are appealing to children and uncluttered.</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<footer id='54' style='font-size:14px'>97</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 106023, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='19' style='font-size:18px'>Other great books we recommend.</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Snap a photo to link to<br>the Growing Readers<br>website for more book<br>recommendations.</p>\n<h1 id='21' style='font-size:18px'>INFANT & TODDLER</h1>\n<br><h1 id='22' style='font-size:22px'>The Farm</h1>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Written and Illustrated by Sara Brezzi</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Whimsical chalkboard illustrations and beloved farm animals give this first board book appeal and charm.</p>\n<br><h1 id='25' style='font-size:20px'>Storytelling Tips</h1>\n<p id='26' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>f Read it more than once. Young children love to hear stories over and over again. Reading a book<br>more than once is a great way to build vocabulary and a love of story.</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>f Point out the secondary illustrations. Along with the farm animals, point out and name the other<br>illustrations such as the worm, apple, or sun.</p>\n<h1 id='28' style='font-size:20px'>Extend the Learning</h1>\n<p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>f Meet real animals. Visit a farm or petting zoo if<br>possible to meet farm animals in real life.</p>\n<p id='30' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>f Experiment with sidewalk chalk. Offer older<br>toddlers sidewalk chalk outdoors or on an easel<br>inside.</p>\n<p id='31' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>f Make a pretend scenario. Use animal figurines<br>or stuffed animals to make a farm at home. Talk<br>with your child about caring for the animals,<br>e.g., \u201cLet\u2019s feed the cow some hay. We need to<br>collect the chicken\u2019s eggs.\u201d This practice builds<br>children\u2019s language and play skills.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='32' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(814,875); bottom-right:(1161,1221)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 106024, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='33' style='font-size:16px'>Continued...</h1>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:16px'>PRESCHOOL</h1>\n<br><h1 id='35' style='font-size:22px'>My Green Day: 10 Green Things I Can Do Today</h1>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Written and Illustrated by Melanie Walsh</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>My Green Day depicts one child\u2019s day, offering simple ideas for more sustainable living. Colorful<br>illustrations and a gentle text keep the story engaging, relatable, and upbeat.</p>\n<h1 id='38' style='font-size:18px'>S torytelling Tips</h1>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>f</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>Provoke discussion. As you read, make occasional comments or ask questions to spark further<br>thinking, e.g., \u201cLook, this family likes to compost just like we do.\u201d Or \u201cI wonder what else we could do<br>to save energy. What do you think?\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>f Talk about solutions. Using resources wisely often means coming up with more than one solution.<br>For example, what if you have leftover food? You can compost it, feed it to backyard chickens,<br>refrigerate it for the next day, or even freeze it.</p>\n<figure><img id='42' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(99,864); bottom-right:(421,1213)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>f</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>f</p>\n<br><h1 id='45' style='font-size:18px'>Extend the Learning</h1>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>f</p>\n<br><p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Set goals. Think about the \u201cmy green day\u201d things you\u2019re already<br>doing. What else would you like to do? Try to add one or two new<br>practices.</p>\n<br><p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Visit a park. Getting outdoors is a great way to improve health<br>and build connections.</p>\n<br><p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Make muffins. Bake your favorite muffin recipe or try<br>something new.</p>\n<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Don't miss this month's riveting video episode<br>of the Growing Readers Book Club! Become Mr.<br>Nate's co-researchers as you and your child are<br>introduced to high-quality children\u2019s books along<br>with ideas to explore, create, and investigate<br>further!</p>\n<figure><img id='51' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(82,1475); bottom-right:(509,1561)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='52' style='font-size:20px'>NEW!</h1>\n<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Join Mr. Nate as he showcases the colorful book<br>My Green Day by Melanie Walsh. Discover child-friendly<br>ways to care for our environment and become inspired to<br>make a special gift using recycled materials!</p>\n<br><h1 id='54' style='font-size:16px'>Watch the video here!</h1>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Suppose you have 10 hours to prepare an educational report showcasing the benefits of reading and applying 'Althea Gibson', 'The Farm', 'My Green Day', and 'Here in the Real World'. How would you allocate your time to cover reading, analysis of storytelling tips, activity evaluations, and the creation of learning outcomes while ensuring each book's theme is appropriately emphasized?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 879, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1656535, "type": "text", "content": "# Access Free \nHeidelberg\n\n\n \n\n# Toolbox Manual\n\n\n \n\nimpressive range of \nfiction and non-fiction. \nSo, to download eBokks \nyou simply need to \nbrowse through the list of \nbooks, select the one of \nyour choice and convert \nthem into MOBI, RTF, \nEPUB and other reading \nformats. However, since \nit gets downloaded in a \nzip file you need a special \napp or use your \ncomputer to unzip the\n\n\n \n\n# Page 4/29\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 377106, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='2' data-category='index' style='font-size:14px'>Acces PDF<br>Stephen Abbott<br>Understanding into<br>deal. So, taking<br>Analysis you<br>consideration<br>require the ebook<br>Solutions<br>swiftly, you can<br>straight acquire it. It's<br>for that reason<br>completely easy and<br>appropriately fats, isn't<br>it? You have to favor to<br>in this vent<br>As the name suggests,<br>Open Library features a<br>library with books from<br>the Internet Archive<br>and lists them in the<br>open library. Being an<br>Page 3/24</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2444762, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='13' style='font-size:18px'>Where To Download The<br>Search For Hidden Sacred</h1>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Knowledge<br>and non-fiction. So, to<br>download eBokks you simply<br>need to browse through the<br>list of books, select the<br>one of your choice and<br>convert them into MOBI, RTF,<br>EPUB and other reading<br>formats. However, since it<br>Page 6/40</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3579834, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='8' style='font-size:16px'>Getting Started with eBooks</h1>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Download Adobe Digital Editions on your home computer -<br>adobe.com/products/digitaleditions.<br>2. Once the software is downloaded, create an Adobe ID. You may also need to<br>authorize your eReader with this ID.</p>\n<h1 id='10' style='font-size:16px'>Checking Out eBooks</h1>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Go to elmlib.org/digital<br>2. Click on the Libby icon under eAudiobooks<br>3. In the upper right corner, click on Sign In.<br>4. Find a title.<br>5. If it is unavailable, click on Place a Hold to be notified via email when your<br>eBook is ready for checkout.<br>6. If the title is available, click Borrow. Once borrowed, users are prompted at the<br>top of the screen to go to the Loans page to select format.<br>7. Click Download on your account Bookshelf page.</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:16px'>Transfer to an eReader</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. When a title is downloaded, go to Adobe Digital Editions to open the title. The<br>software may open automatically.<br>2. Turn on your device and connect it to the computer. The device name will pop<br>up in the left column of Adobe Digital Editions.<br>3. Click and drag your eBook to your device icon.</p>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:20px'>cloudLibrary</h1>\n<h1 id='15' style='font-size:16px'>Getting Started with eBooks</h1>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Download Adobe Digital Editions on your home computer -<br>adobe.com/products/digitaleditions.<br>2. Once the software is downloaded, create an Adobe ID. You may also need to<br>authorize your eReader with this ID.</p>\n<h1 id='17' style='font-size:16px'>Checking Out eBooks</h1>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Go to yourcloudlibrary.com and find Elmhurst Public Library.<br>2. Log in with your EPL card and PIN.<br>3. Find a title.<br>4. If it is unavailable, click on the Place Hold button.<br>5. If it is available, click the green Borrow button.<br>6. After you\u2019ve borrowed an item, click on Download for offline reading.</p>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:16px'>Transfer to an eReader</h1>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. When a title is downloaded, go to Adobe Digital Editions to open the title. The<br>software may open automatically.<br>2. Turn on your device and connect it to the computer. The device name will pop<br>up in the left column of Adobe Digital Editions.<br>3. Click and drag your eBook to your device icon.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1601831, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Books on pdf format for free download with a copy of every issue. You can also order through<br>our mailing list to get your print from a trusted publisher or to go with our website at<br>pressleadsolutions.com books on pdf format for free download! It is a great choice for someone<br>who wants this book as a base to further work in other research. The \"Climbing Home\" contains<br>material from numerous countries who have experienced similar, negative experiences. If you<br>are interested in some extra inspiration in getting started in Climbing or as part of your<br>academic research, you can check out one of the sites that offer such papers on their website,<br>or have this information available to you on our own blog or email. All material on our site<br>should always have at least 1 full page copy. If you are only interested in this material, please<br>consider becoming an Affiliate. books on pdf format for free download. There's a lot to explore!<br>It's time to dig out the mystery of my life. I believe more is never too late... here's my current list<br>of 5 books I've read, along with a fun article showing some fascinating facts surrounding the<br>life, arts and crafts of my character that many know well. This is from A Simple Introduction to<br>Magic, an original first edition guide written by me, a longtime lover of the genre. This ebook is<br>also currently offered in a Kindle format; in paperback and digitally. I did some research on the<br>internet, looking through the books. As your eyes and mind wander I'll be sure to ask you<br>further questions. (If I'm at Amazon or eBay, please leave them so I can be updated about where<br>my items are at.) I'm a huge Magic fan, so I've been listening to new books and books. It's a<br>massive, amazing, and enjoyable journey! There's an interesting sidebar that discusses why a<br>book cannot do so without some background. There are also some good things in my book that<br>are already on your shelf. If you have a suggestion to share I'll do it, especially if you've read I<br>Love Magic. If you want the first 10 chapters, I really recommend that you read the book<br>instead--the only spoilers to come are here. And let's just think about the future and how to<br>make my own future a lot less awkward (and fun.) The list below takes some of my favorite<br>ideas and turns them in as the books turn up in popularity. Don't forget we've got a couple more<br>books, and I might miss some if I missed anything this week. Some of the most entertaining<br>ideas you could come up with from this list can be found at some of the sites on the site. We<br>really do love new books. And they're a good way to show someone else how well you know<br>your subject and what's possible! If there are questions or a need (so I can find out which kind<br>of answers you get) just email me or ask. Thanks for reading! A Simple Introduction to Magic: A<br>Magic Book from \"The Simple Beginners 1,\" by Robert W. Allen \"A Simple Introduction to<br>Magic\" \"A Simple Beginners, \" by Robert W. Allen \"A Simple Introduction to Magic\" \"A Simple<br>Introduction to Magic\" The Small Stuff With Robert Allen \"Little Things with Robert Allen -- Part I<br>and Part II\" A Simple Introduction to Magic (Part II) \"Little Things With Robert Allen -- Part III and<br>Part VI\" A Simple Beginners Introduction to Magic with an Alternative Explanation (Part III)<br>\"Little Things with Robert Allen -- Part IV and Part V\" A Simple Beginners Guide to the Way of<br>Magic (Part III) \"A Simple Beginners Guide to the Way of Magic (Part IV) books on pdf format for<br>free download? Sign up for mailing list Sites not available are listed alphabetically Bread/Garnet<br>Mailing & Post Print Posting Options How does each of this get added above my list? You<br>should only update as they're added. How will I know you are updating? Posting from this list<br>includes: Posting time \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll post an updated version when I get something out \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll post an<br>updated version when I get something out Contact my friend for pricing. I'll contact you when<br>you receive an update. \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll contact you when you receive an update. Website updates in the<br>future. If they don't happen soon, you may need to update your site during that time. My Friends<br>just can't afford it this fast. \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll post an updated version when I get something out Contact<br>my friend for pricing. I'll contact you when you receive an update. Contact my friends through<br>Facebook What else can I do? How to tell if my current page/article can be easily improved?<br>Contact me When I click on your link below this I'll select this one I don't usually get back from<br>this site. You need not tell me how do you do this anymore!! Contact me (optional) You can now<br>access my blog from the Blog or by clicking my website link from your facebook wall. So I<br>guess you can try this, don't forget about using my website to add/get on/move some features I<br>haven't added\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 I'm sure they'll see that it doesn't add your site. books on pdf format for free<br>download? Do this right! You can simply view the file using Excel by hand while saving! It will<br>allow you to browse the file and create customized versions. However, once per day you may<br>delete a document before or after it is saved. Remember, the next time you see a file, then you<br>will be done using Excel in seconds. You may delete a few entries in a document but keep your<br>entire working folder in one file which will not need to keep being read or saved by other users<br>on your server. In-Browser Documenting (and Notepad++ and other forms of document editing)<br>are becoming increasingly rare and will come increasingly needed to meet changing demands<br>of the internet and desktop users On April 10th, 2015, Google announced that Firefox and Safari<br>will be free and open access as of April 27th, 2015. More info on free version on Wikipedia page.<br>Google ( Firefox ) provides over 20 million documents a month and has also developed some of</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2968762, "type": "text", "content": "# Read Online Paper Technical \nManual\n\n\nIf you\u2019re already invested in Amazon\u2019s \necosystem, its assortment of freebies \nare extremely convenient. As soon as \nyou click the Buy button, the ebook will \nbe sent to any Kindle ebook readers you \nown, or devices with the Kindle app \ninstalled. However, converting Kindle \nebooks to other formats can be a hassle,\n\n\n \n\n# Page 3/9\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1601826, "type": "text", "content": "Books on pdf format for free download with a copy of every issue. You can also\norder through \nour mailing list to get your print from a trusted publisher or to go with our\nwebsite at \npressleadsolutions.com books on pdf format for free download! It is a great\nchoice for someone \nwho wants this book as a base to further work in other research. The \"Climbing\nHome\" contains \nmaterial from numerous countries who have experienced similar, negative\nexperiences. If you \nare interested in some extra inspiration in getting started in Climbing or as\npart of your \nacademic research, you can check out one of the sites that offer such papers\non their website, \nor have this information available to you on our own blog or email. All\nmaterial on our site \nshould always have at least 1 full page copy. If you are only interested in\nthis material, please \nconsider becoming an Affiliate. books on pdf format for free download. There's\na lot to explore! \nIt's time to dig out the mystery of my life. I believe more is never too\nlate... here's my current list \nof 5 books I've read, along with a fun article showing some fascinating facts\nsurrounding the \nlife, arts and crafts of my character that many know well. This is from A\nSimple Introduction to \nMagic, an original first edition guide written by me, a longtime lover of the\ngenre. This ebook is \nalso currently offered in a Kindle format; in paperback and digitally. I did\nsome research on the \ninternet, looking through the books. As your eyes and mind wander I'll be sure\nto ask you \nfurther questions. (If I'm at Amazon or eBay, please leave them so I can be\nupdated about where \nmy items are at.) I'm a huge Magic fan, so I've been listening to new books\nand books. It's a \nmassive, amazing, and enjoyable journey! There's an interesting sidebar that\ndiscusses why a \nbook cannot do so without some background. There are also some good things in\nmy book that \nare already on your shelf. If you have a suggestion to share I'll do it,\nespecially if you've read I \nLove Magic. If you want the first 10 chapters, I really recommend that you\nread the book \ninstead--the only spoilers to come are here. And let's just think about the\nfuture and how to \nmake my own future a lot less awkward (and fun.) The list below takes some of\nmy favorite \nideas and turns them in as the books turn up in popularity. Don't forget we've\ngot a couple more \nbooks, and I might miss some if I missed anything this week. Some of the most\nentertaining \nideas you could come up with from this list can be found at some of the sites\non the site. We \nreally do love new books. And they're a good way to show someone else how well\nyou know \nyour subject and what's possible! If there are questions or a need (so I can\nfind out which kind \nof answers you get) just email me or ask. Thanks for reading! A Simple\nIntroduction to Magic: A \nMagic Book from \"The Simple Beginners 1,\" by Robert W. Allen \"A Simple\nIntroduction to \nMagic\" \"A Simple Beginners, \" by Robert W. Allen \"A Simple Introduction to\nMagic\" \"A Simple \nIntroduction to Magic\" The Small Stuff With Robert Allen \"Little Things with\nRobert Allen -- Part I \nand Part II\" A Simple Introduction to Magic (Part II) \"Little Things With\nRobert Allen -- Part III and \nPart VI\" A Simple Beginners Introduction to Magic with an Alternative\nExplanation (Part III) \n\"Little Things with Robert Allen -- Part IV and Part V\" A Simple Beginners\nGuide to the Way of \nMagic (Part III) \"A Simple Beginners Guide to the Way of Magic (Part IV) books\non pdf format for \nfree download? Sign up for mailing list Sites not available are listed\nalphabetically Bread/Garnet \nMailing & Post Print Posting Options How does each of this get added above my\nlist? You \nshould only update as they're added. How will I know you are updating? Posting\nfrom this list \nincludes: Posting time \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll post an updated version when I get something\nout \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll post an \nupdated version when I get something out Contact my friend for pricing. I'll\ncontact you when \nyou receive an update. \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll contact you when you receive an update.\nWebsite updates in the \nfuture. If they don't happen soon, you may need to update your site during\nthat time. My Friends \njust can't afford it this fast. \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I'll post an updated version when I get\nsomething out Contact \nmy friend for pricing. I'll contact you when you receive an update. Contact my\nfriends through \nFacebook What else can I do? How to tell if my current page/article can be\neasily improved? \nContact me When I click on your link below this I'll select this one I don't\nusually get back from \nthis site. You need not tell me how do you do this anymore!! Contact me\n(optional) You can now \naccess my blog from the Blog or by clicking my website link from your facebook\nwall. So I \nguess you can try this, don't forget about using my website to add/get on/move\nsome features I \nhaven't added\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 I'm sure they'll see that it doesn't add your site. books on\npdf format for free \ndownload? Do this right! You can simply view the file using Excel by hand\nwhile saving! It will \nallow you to browse the file and create customized versions. However, once per\nday you may \ndelete a document before or after it is saved. Remember, the next time you see\na file, then you \nwill be done using Excel in seconds. You may delete a few entries in a\ndocument but keep your \nentire working folder in one file which will not need to keep being read or\nsaved by other users \non your server. In-Browser Documenting (and Notepad++ and other forms of\ndocument editing) \nare becoming increasingly rare and will come increasingly needed to meet\nchanging demands \nof the internet and desktop users On April 10th, 2015, Google announced that\nFirefox and Safari \nwill be free and open access as of April 27th, 2015. More info on free version\non Wikipedia page. \nGoogle ( Firefox ) provides over 20 million documents a month and has also\ndeveloped some of\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 212687, "type": "text", "content": "process of uploading files to the Dropbox account is quite cumbersome. I am\nusing a system \ncalled Grive which takes a couple of minutes (up to one minute, depending on\nsize) and uploads \nfiles through a proxy so it's fast as hell to do it. Unfortunately this does\nnot have many people \nreading it, so if you are going to use this solution to send any book you'd\nmore than likely want \nto use Apple's book browser as this was written with both a Mac and PC\ninstalled. In my \nprevious post post, We need to have PDF and PDF on Apple book browser so the\nsame \ndownload as to my Dropbox folder. We need an HTML5 reader that will show PDFs\nin the pdf file \nand will run on a USB flash drive (or a Flash-drive, i.e. iPod) which will be\nable to download pdf \non an iPromobile or NAND flash drive, or just any memory. I'm using the NAND\nFlash on the \niPhone, iPad & iPad Mini. I don't know where this works and I don't really use\nUSB flash drive, \nbut one day it'll be a problem for me. Also, if my email address is the\nfollowing email address, a \nmessage in Outlook will take it to Dropbox, that's an annoying bug I am pretty\nsure (but not as \nscary as a bug where something is wrong). However, my backup folder is at \n~/Library/Books/Frost/Frost - this is the library folder of the folder. I want\na version of Flash on \nWindows drive that runs Android apps (Android 2.6 in Mac) from Xamarin 7 that\nruns on the \niTunes App Store running Linux 10.10 (OS X Lion 2.9) then this is what I would\nwant \u00e2\u20ac\u201c I am not \ngoing to run a Mac based app, since Mac app installs on Windows but Windows\napp installs, if I \nhave Apple apps installed on my Mac, then I can install on iOS and also make\nAndroid apps \ninstall from this library folder. If the iPhone app's download times are not\navailable in the pdf \nfile, then the app will not be a great fit. I am not 100% sure what to do but\na good tutorial in how \nto download and save PDF files on my Grive USB Flash Drive will definitely\nhelp. In an attempt \nto get a backup of PDF and Adobe Acrobat files when the download is complete I\nused an app \ncalled BackupDropdown which is very good about using Dropbox for reading PDF\nfiles. The app \nsaves it in your PDFs folder and it should be on the iTunes desktop just when\nit is downloading, \nyou don't need it, you do need its Dropbox address. Download the entire PDF\nfrom Dropbox \nbelow. After I download the PDF file into my Dropbox folder (my main folder on\nmy iPhone) I \nalso have to create a new web app to view the PDF. That doesn't look very fast\n(as I said before \nI'd like something like this to run without a web view), but I do not even\nneed to put any file \nname when I open a PDF file on web based services (as that would take some\nexplaining), this \nwill save an important new web screen window or you just have to open a page\nthat runs on \nyour web browsers. Download my full video of what I've just done on a MacBook\n(in Mac mode) \nbelow. After reading over my previous post, I'm convinced the app does a great\njob of reading I \nreally did have some good ideas for improving the video playback in web based\nservices. They \nwere very much based on the previous post and did a great job of explaining\nsome of them but \nhere are all of them (I've tried to go ahead and show the entire video after\nmy post got \ndownvoted, because I'm unsure how they free bible in pdf format? If so you\nwould just click on \n\"Download as a PDF for free, PDF will ship with it\" button, but if you prefer\nan \"Incomplete copy \ndownload for this book\" option then \"Click on Print as You read it on the page\nif it shows up as \na PDF. Once downloaded your original pdf copies will be emailed straight to\nyour email and not \nbe sent out for free on any site except this one.\" As someone who never bought\nbooks on any \nother bookseller sites, this method should not feel like much of a deal for\nthose that would like \nto try a free form copy of that book. However... you might wanna start up a\nwebsite (not a real \nsite or book-sharing app!) and look for our Free Book App here too or download\nour apps for \nMac or Linux. What I've found is that in my experience one of the benefits to\nthis method is that \nthey've never had to add any money into your credit card (unless it comes\nout). In fact, if you've \neven considered this, the \"Buy as you do \" section can save you all sorts of\nmoney by keeping \nyou covered over time if you continue using this method as you'll receive the\ndiscount. If you \ndon't want to have your credit card company charge your credit card you can\npurchase our new \ncard from our site which works like any other coupon and will automatically\nadd free to your \nchecking account anytime you check a card at your local bank. It also gets\ncheaper (for an \naverage U.S.) with over half way to anywhere $2 off if checked last week! If\nyou're looking for a \nmore \"free\" method if it's not mentioned, what does it actually do? I didn't\nuse any traditional \nmethod that I would recommend, not even an offical method like this. What I\nfound was that \nalthough you could keep your existing credit card bill at an overcharged and\nunappealing $1.50 \nper month, your monthly balance with the regular company could go up to $4, it\nwould be able \nto keep up for a year with a new deal. Not the ideal solution... especially\ngiven this method is a \nbit more work to get done than buying an entire month. For people who spend a\nlot just to \nsupport or save something and need free books I would recommend this to those\nwho may not \nknow where to begin. There certainly could be a difference. Also check out\nFree Word Books: \nSome Thoughts and Other Useful Links that Work Off Book Purchase Options free\nbible in pdf \nformat? Please call. docs.readguru.com/3.html We do have some other things to\ndiscuss, but \nplease feel free to ask us a question below. free bible in pdf format? Read it\nat\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2523941, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>Ebooks Franklin Covey Quick Start User Guide ebooks</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:14px'>\"Father of Time Management\". For four decades</h1>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>28/5/2021 \u00b7 Download Free Franklin Covey Quick Start User<br>Guide Your Personal Roadmap to An Enjoyable Retirement So<br>you've reached your retirement age and are at risk of becoming a<br>\"couch potato\". It doesn't have to be that way. Uncover the joy of<br>retirement and learn how to make the most of it with this life-<br>enhancing gift book.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Franklin Planner prioritizing process is simple: take a look at<br>your task list, sort all the tasks with lettered priority labels: A for<br>your top priorities, B for your next priorities, and so on. After<br>assigning a letter to each task, prioritize each task in each letter<br>group with a number.</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2/2/2015 \u00b7 Since 1984, planner users worldwide have used the<br>system developed by Hyrum Smith to list, prioritize, and<br>accomplish the tasks needed to realize their goals. If you\u2019re new to<br>the FranklinPlanner, or if it\u2019s been a while, take a look at this<br>helpful refresher on how to get the most from your planning pages.<br>Download a PDF version here.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ISBN : 9780133092349. Genre : Business & Economics. File Size :<br>24. 38 MB. Format : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Download : 679. Read :<br>1223. Get This Book. FranklinCovey Style Guide: For Business and<br>Technical Communication can help any writer produce documents<br>that achieve outstanding results. Created by FranklinCovey, the<br>world-renowned leader in ...</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 70914, "type": "text", "content": "# Download File PDF Squid Dissection Lab Answers\n\n\n# Squid Dissection Lab Answers\n\n\n \n\nRecognizing the way ways to acquire this book squid dissection lab answers is\nadditionally useful. \nYou have remained in right site to begin getting this info. get the squid\ndissection lab answers member \nthat we have the funds for here and check out the link.\n\n\nYou could purchase guide squid dissection lab answers or acquire it as soon as\nfeasible. You could \nquickly download this squid dissection lab answers after getting deal. So,\ntaking into consideration you \nrequire the book swiftly, you can straight acquire it. It's suitably\nenormously simple and thus fats, isn't \nit? You have to favor to in this song\n\n\nYou can search for free Kindle books at Free-eBooks.net by browsing through\nfiction and non-fiction \ncategories or by viewing a list of the best books they offer. You'll need to\nbe a member of Free- \neBooks.net to download the books, but membership is free.\n\n\nvolvo 240 gl manual , la prision de black rock volumen 2 kindle edition\nfernando trujillo sanz , le \nengineering your future a comprehensive introduction , 2004 mazda rx 8 manual\nspecs , java how to \nprogram solution manual , pilgrimage to hell deathlands 1 james axler , 2013\ngmc sierra 1500 manual , \n92 kawasaki vulcan engine manual , accounting tools for decision making 5th\nedition , fraud \nexamination 4th edition test bank , roger s pressman software engineering\nsolution manual , tappi useful \nmethods guidelines revised november 2013 , small engines lawn mowers honda\nhs724 snowblower , \nhusqvarna 350 repair manual , how to make a clock with paper plate , answers\nto the jefferson era test , \nquanative ysis for management 11th edition paperback , cpmt previous year\nquestion paper , icsi past \nquestion papers , e30 manual swap wiring , gmc 3500 manual guide , digital\nlogic and computer design \nby morris mano solution manual pdf , vocabulary workshop level d 4 6 review\nanswers , international \nbusiness daniels 14th edition , nissan 300zx repair manual , essae weighing\nscale manual , the raven \nedgar allan poe yahoo answers , 2009 acura tl shock and strut mount manual ,\nholden commodore repair \nmanual , huskee 35 ton log splitter owners manual , vs2010 find file in\nsolution , fluid mechanics for \nchemical engineers solution manual pdf , 2004 yamaha pw50 owners manual\n\n\nCopyright code : e0108476287e3e9a0c6549f02bb78983\n\n\nCopyright : visualnews.com\n\n\n \nPage 1/1\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering a scenario where a user wants to download books swiftly for multiple purposes: quick lab preparation and enjoying diverse literature, outline the step-by-step process they must follow, including the membership requirement and the need for format conversion if necessary. How should they decide the priority of actions based on their needs?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 881, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1526161, "type": "text", "content": "guide the analysis of issues and selection of appropriate implementation\nstrategies. This \npresentation will provide an overview of the program content and facilitation\nprocesses, \nincluding lessons learned and evaluation from five pilot communities.\n\n\n2:30 \u2013 3:00 - Improving Urban Forest Resilience with Arbor Day Extension\nEvents. Authors: \nShannon Carnevale, Anne Yasalonis, Julie Schelb, M.J. Carnevale.\n\n\n \n\nThe Winter Haven Arbor Day Celebration is a collaboration between UF/IFAS\nExtension \nPolk County and the City of Winter Haven\u2019s Natural Resources Division.\nTogether, the two \norganizations have hosted three Florida Arbor Day events complete with native\ngiveaway trees, \neducational demonstrations for planting and pruning, and residential yard-\nspecific tree \nrecommendations. What makes this program unique is the use of tree-inventory\ndata to \ndetermine which areas of the city are lacking in species or structure\ndiversity. Residents in these \nlow-diversity areas were targeted for event advertising. Additionally,\ngiveaway tree species were \nspecifically chosen to improve the species and structural diversity of the\nurban forest in these \nlow-diversity communities. The City of Winter Haven\u2019s urban forest primarily\nconsists of \nQuercus virginiana and laurifolia reaching the end of their viable lifespans.\nThe Florida Arbor \nDay celebration was designed to improve the sustainability and resilience of\nWinter Haven\u2019s \nurban forest by re-introducing several native tree species to residential\nareas. \nAt the educational stations, participants learned how to plant and care for\ntheir new tree. There \nwas a station dedicated to describing each of the available species and\nExtension faculty, staff, \nand volunteers helped participants chose the best tree for their yard, given\nits size and location \nwithin the city. In this presentation, participants will learn how giveaway\nspecies were \nprioritized and selected each year, funding strategies for the event, and\nlessons learned regarding \nthe successes (and challenges) in targeting specific neighborhoods for a\ncommunity-wide event.\n\n\n3:00 \u2013 3:30 - Engaging citizen action to improve the Indian River Lagoon.\nAuthors: Martha \nMonroe and Lily Maynard\n\n\n \n\nThe Indian River Lagoon is one of the most biodiverse estuaries in the\nNorthern \nHemisphere. This shallow, tidal, narrow waterway stretches 156 miles and over\n1 million people \nlive in its watershed. Despite a focus on water quality improvement in the\nlagoon, extensive \nblooms of phytoplankton resulted in habitat decline and raised awareness of\nsignificant \nchallenges to ecosystem health in 2011 and 2012. The most critical water\nquality problems \nrequire citizen engagement to reduce nutrient runoff from lawns and streets\nand maintain septic \ntanks. Education programs and awareness campaigns have been implemented along\nthe lagoon to \nengage communities in reducing these threats. The Indian River Lagoon National\nEstuary \nProgram (IRLNEP) staff believe that consistent messages to encourage a smaller\nset of actions \nmay result in reshaping social norms and lead to change.With the IRLNEP, we\ndesigned a survey \nfor residents in the five counties along the lagoon to measure community\nmembers\u2019 beliefs, \nattitudes, and behaviors related to the health of the lagoon. This\npresentation will present survey \nresults describing current participation in lagoon-friendly behaviors. We will\nalso report on some \nof the determinants of environmental behavior, such as the influences of\nenvironmental identity, \npersonal experience at the lagoon and membership in conservation\norganizations. These results \nwill form a baseline of knowledge and behaviors and suggest where additional\neducational \ninvestments and Extension programs might be useful. We will also explore how\nthe Program \nmight select the actions to promote.\n\n\n13\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1526164, "type": "text", "content": "and ANREP might better support them as a viable and available professional\ndevelopment \nopportunity. We recognize that this is not a typical conference topic, but\nfeel this discussion is \ntimely and highly relevant to our organization and its membership.\n\n\n# S hip Island Room B: Forest Health & Stewardship\n\n\n \n\n4:00 \u2013 4:30 - From the ground up: building a regional forest health Extension\nprogram. \nAuthors: David Coyle and William Hubbard\n\n\n \n\nForestry has a major economic, social, and ecological impact in the\nsoutheastern U.S., yet \nthe capacity to conduct forest health extension varies among states. As such,\nthere is a need for a \nconsistent regional forest health program, particularly in light of recent\nregion-wide issues such \nas the emerald ash borer. In 2015 we partnered with the USDA Forest Service to\ncreate a forest \nhealth program for county Extension agents in the southeastern region, with\npriorities being \nconsistent dissemination of information, enhanced training opportunities for\ncounty Extension \nagents, and improved online and printed materials. Our intent was to work with\nand complement \nexisting forest health Extension programs and personnel to provide support or\nleadership, \ndepending on the needs of the individual state. Since its inception, the\nSouthern Forest Health \nOutreach and Education Program has provided information, continuing education,\nand in-person \nworkshops pertaining to forest insects, fungi, and plants, both native and\ninvasive. Improved \ncommunication to professionals and the general public has been a focus,\nincluding the use of \ntargeted social media efforts. This talk will cover the pros and cons of a\nregional program, \nincluding successes and challenges encountered during the first two years.\nMethods for effective \ncommunication will be discussed for professionals and the general public.\nRegional Extension \nprograms have myriad benefits, and hope this program can serve as a template\nfor programs in \nother disciplines and in other parts of the U.S.\n\n\n4:30 \u2013 5:00 - Growing Awareness and Active Stewardship to Improve Forest\nRegeneration. \nAuthors: Leslie Horner, Allyson Muth, Jim Finley.\n\n\n \n\nForest inventories in Pennsylvania have shown a lack of adequate regeneration,\nresulting \nfrom 1) fewer harvests or natural disturbances that would create necessary\nlight conditions, 2) \nmore invasive plants across the landscape, and 3) deer impacts to forests from\nchronic, \npreferential browsing of desired tree seedlings. In order to foster successful\nforest regeneration, \nactive management of our woods must occur. As forest land is divided and the\nnumber of \nlandowners continues to grow, the challenge of engaging landowners to address\nconcerns like \ninadequate regeneration will be perpetuated. Commonly, landowners express\nuncertainty about \n\u201cwhere to start\u201d in stewardship of their woods. Also not uncommon is that many\nlandowners \nassume that forests do not need active management. Lack of awareness of a need\nand feeling \nuncertain or overwhelmed are barriers to adopting forest management practices\nthat can be \nlessened with peer learning and demonstration. Our project team is building on\nexisting peer \nnetworks to foster learning relationships\u2014especially with \u201cbeginning\u201d\nlandowners\u2014to increase \nawareness of the need to actively manage for successful regeneration. Working\nwith Woodland \nOwners Associations and landowners who have active forest stewardship\nexperience, we are: 1) \ntraining a network of engaged landowners to lead peer learning through the\ndemonstration of a \nregeneration assessment tool; and 2) conduct outreach to beginning forest\nlandowners and \nhelping these landowners connect to existing resources for further education\nand assistance, \nincluding NRCS Forestry EQIP practices relating to regeneration and woodland\nhealth and \nfunction.\n\n\n16\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 219013, "type": "text", "content": "# Key Issue #12: Building Professionalism and Broader Access to the Field\n\n\nE nhancing professionalism and increasing access to urban forestry is a core\nneed in the next \ndecade. The more communities recognize the multiple cost-effective ecosystem\nand human \nhealth services provided by urban forests, the more urban forests will become\nan essential \nelement in community infrastructure. In turn, proper maintenance of urban\nforests to ensure \nthat they are delivering these benefits will become a more urgent community\npriority, creating a \nneed for knowledgeable, trained staff. Already many cities, companies and NGOs\naren\u2019t able to \nfill tree care positions, and this demand is only expected to continue growing\nin the next decade. \nNew training programs are needed in both academic settings, within\ncommunities, and among \nprofessionals, as well as the opportunity to learn about international\narboriculture practices. \nInternship and professional exchange programs were suggested as a strong need,\nas well as \ndeveloping urban forestry programs in urban areas, with outreach particularly\nto those that may \nbe unfamiliar with the field and to increasingly diverse groups.\n\n\n# I DEAS FOR ACTION - Gaps, Needs, Opportunities\n\n\n\uf0b7 Increase the funding base for urban ecology education programs in state\nuniversities.\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Increase the number of UCF professional training programs at multiples\nscales \nincluding university undergraduate and graduate levels, continuing education \nopportunities for professionals in allied fields, as well as vocational tree\ncare work \nprograms in vocational schools or at the community college level. Connect\nthese \nprograms with real world UCF experience and training. Ensure that these \nopportunities include African-American colleges with programs such as the one\nat \nSouthern University, which are key to engage traditionally underserved\ncommunity \nmembers in urban forestry and arboriculture (connected with Key Issue 13).\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Expand existing successful private sector UCF professional training programs\nand \ncollege internship programs such as that offered by Society of Municipal\nArborists.\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Rebrand and increase awareness about the tree care profession as it is not\nwell \nknown and is often misrepresented and as a result, there is difficulty\nrecruiting \npeople to enter this profession. Increase the connection around how the tree\ncare \nprofession is a \u201cgreen job\u201d and to federal programs around green jobs.\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Replicate the USFS Southern Region program of scholarships for urban\nforestry \nstudies in other regions.\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Hold one significant UCF conference that has a large audience to create more \nprofessional cohesion, coordination, and collaboration, instead of multiple\nsmaller \nconferences.\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Build on existing and new partnerships to innovate UCF educational\nopportunities \nwith allied professionals such as planners, landscape architects, and\nengineers \n(connected with Key Issue 3).\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1737943, "type": "text", "content": "interventions (which include tree and woodland planting \nand management) can help to meet the identified needs for \neach function. See Green Infrastructure North West website\n\n\n \n\n# http://bit.ly/1dt1dt0\n\n\n \n\n26\\. Forestry Commission (2011). The UK Forestry Standard: \nThe governments\u2019 approach to sustainable forestry.\n\n\n \n\n# http://bit.ly/1dSleXp\n\n\n \n\n27\\. Trees and Design Action Group (2012). Trees \nin the Townscape: A Guide for Decision Makers.\n\n\n \n\n# http://bit.ly/17kQzRA\n\n\n \n\n28\\. Vision 21 (2010). Awareness Survey. Based on 1,121 \ntelephone interviews. \n29\\. See note 1\n\n\nPOlIcY 5 - lONG TERM MANAGEMENT\n\n\n \n\n30\\. Using data from the National Forest Inventory (2010) \nplus data gathered through The Mersey Forest project \nmonitoring\n\n\n \n\n31\\. See note 30 \n32\\. See note 30\n\n\n# How\n\n\nPOlIcY 6 - STRATEGIES, PlANS, POlIcIES ANd\n\n\n \n\n# INITIATIVES\n\n\n \n\n41\\. See note 9 \n42\\. See note 10 \n43\\. Green Infrastructure North West website.\n\n\n \n\n# http://bit.ly/1dt1dt0\n\n\n \n\n44\\. See note 27 \n45\\. See note 9\n\n\nPOlIcY 7 - FuNdING\n\n\n \n\n# 46\\. See note 5\n\n\n \n\n47\\. Monetary donations by businesses wanting to \ndemonstrate responsibility to the community and \nenvironment in which it operates. \n48\\. Department for Communities and Local Government. \nGiving communities more power in planning local \ndevelopment. http://bit.ly/1a1oTTP; Planning \nAdvisory Service. Community Infrastructure Levy.\n\n\n \n\n# http://bit.ly/18zkjWa\n\n\n \n\n49\\. Ecosystem Knowledge Network. What are the \npayments for ecosystem services? http://bit.ly/15iiWA1 \n50\\. The Mersey Forest. Our Consultation Services.\n\n\n \n\nhttp://bit.ly/14FXVwB\n\n\n \n\n51\\. See note 7 \n52\\. See note 5 \n53\\. From The Mersey Forest project monitoring data. From \n1994-1995 until the end of the financial year 2012-2013, \n\u00a341,038,923 had been drawn in to deliver Community Forest \noutputs.\n\n\nPOlIcY 8 - MONITORING ANd EVAluATION\n\n\nhttp://bit.ly/14asl6y\n\n\n \n\n54\\. Department for Communities and Local Government \n(2013). Single Data List. http://bit.ly/17lnhjL \n55\\. Defra (2013). New sustainable development indicators.\n\n\n56\\. See note 28; Vision21 (2006). Awareness Survey. Based \non 1,104 telephone interviews.\n\n\n \n\n33\\. Independent Panel on Forestry (2012). Final Report. \nhttp://bit.ly/15zH26D; Defra (2013). See note 8. \n34\\. Forestry Commission (1999). What is Continuous Cover \nForestry? http://bit.ly/156uOiy \n35\\. Woodland Trust (2011). Trees or Turf? Best value in \nmanaging urban green space. http://bit.ly/1dt3NyX; taking \ninto account establishment, post-establishment and long \nterm management.\n\n\n \n\n36\\. See note 26 \n37\\. See note 27 \n38\\. UK Woodland Assurance Standard.\n\n\n \n\nhttp://bit.ly/17nYOsh\n\n\n \n\n39\\. Forest Stewardship Council. http://bit.ly/12OgU6V \n40\\. The Mersey Forest. News: St Helens council woodlands \nachieve international standard. http://bit.ly/14FWXk7\n\n\n57\\. BE Group (2008). Partnership Consultations: The Mersey \nForest. \n58\\. See note 16 \n59\\. e.g. Regeneris (2009). The Economic Contribution of \nThe Mersey Forest\u2019s Objective One-Funded Investments. \nhttp://bit.ly/15zMoim \n60\\. e.g. Green Streets in Ellesmere Port. \nhttp://bit.ly/192gdIm\n\n\n \n\n61\\. See note 7 \n62\\. See note 16, page 65\n\n\nPOlIcY 9 - RESEARcH, EVIdENcE ANd MAPPING\n\n\n \n\n63\\. The Royal Town Planning Institute. Liverpool Green \nInfrastructure Strategy: The Mersey Forest. Spatial strategies \naward commendation 2011. http://bit.ly/17kWUwv\n\n\n \n\n64\\. See note 43 \n65\\. See note 9 \n66\\. Ridgers et al (2012). Encouraging play in the natural \nenvironment: a child-focused case study of Forest School. \nChildren\u2019s Geographies, 10(1), 49-65. http://bit.ly/1fl1WIk \n67\\. RICS (2011). The Value of Mapping Green Infrastructure.\n\n\n \n\nhttp://bit.ly/192glaF\n\n\n \n\n68\\. Through EU Interreg IVB GIFT-T! (Green Infrastructure \nfor Tomorrow \u2013 Together!) project. gift-t.eu \n69\\. Through EU 7th Framework Programme CLUVA \n(Climate Change and Urban Vulnerability in Africa) project. \ncluva.eu \n70\\. Local records centres: RECORD for Cheshire \nrecord-lrc.co.uk and BioBank for Merseyside \nhttp://bit.ly/15uzgOj \n71\\. e.g. Forestry Commission. Chalara dieback of Ash. \nhttp://bit.ly/19PrZqs \n72\\. e.g. The Woodland Trust. The Nature\u2019s Calendar survey. \nhttp://bit.ly/18mP9RN\n\n\nPOlIcY 10 - cOMMuNIcATIONS\n\n\n \n\n73\\. Average for 2008-2012 inclusive, as measured against \npurchasing equivalent advertising space.\n\n\n87\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 219014, "type": "text", "content": "\uf0b7 Increase awareness of the UCF profession so it has higher recognition and \nimportance at the municipality level, within allied professionals, and the\npublic. UCF \nprofessionals should be consulted when decisions within a community will\naffect the \nurban forest, such as clearing for a new roadway.\n\n\n \n\n\uf0b7 Develop connections and collaboration opportunities with international urban \nforestry professionals, such as through the International Society of\nArboriculture \nchapters abroad.\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 409213, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>isn\u2019t aware of how effective that funding is or where it is having the greatest impact.<br>State foresters may not want to direct funding toward cities, potentially preferring<br>to fund non-urban projects. Develop more opportunities for federal funding to go to<br>NGOs and municipalities. (Related to Key Issue 14 as well.)</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 Increase federal funding for UCF to support developing state and local programs<br>(especially those that were most severely cut during the economic downturn). An<br>increase of the current budget by tenfold was mentioned as an important target.<br>Develop a sustainable long-term source of funding to support new higher program<br>dollar amounts. Sustainability of this funding is important, including for continuity of<br>the program itself.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 Develop new innovative sources of funding for UCF from private foundations, a small<br>tax on gas/fuel, carbon sequestration legislation, redirecting redirect a portion of the<br>existing gas tax from gray infrastructure to focus on green infrastructure, or utility<br>businesses. Look for funding opportunities that have overlap with UCF but are not<br>strictly focused on UCF. Examples of these funding opportunities might include:</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>o Projects related to city infrastructure requirements.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>o Linking tree work to stormwater management fees, regulatory processes,<br>and permitting processes.<br>o Funding from Climate Change grants or programs, taking advantage of the<br>use of trees as carbon sinks. Thirty percent of the States National<br>Assessment respondents also suggested utilizing UCF for climate change<br>mitigation and carbon market trading.<br>o Air quality funding offers other sources of new funding for UCF, to<br>implement Federal legislation such as the EPA Clean Air Act. For example,<br>in California, the UCF program received $17 M from the state\u2019s Greenhouse<br>Gas Initiative for cap and trade (the nationwide budget was $25M). Also,<br>California approved the use of Urban Forestry as a mitigation measure to<br>improve clean air, and in Sacramento urban forestry is used as a common<br>method to comply with the new air quality laws.<br>o Connect federal agencies to share cross-agency funding and connect<br>program goals.<br>o Look for funding opportunities to go beyond existing partnerships to<br>organizations and fields in which trees and urban forests play an integral<br>(but perhaps under-recognized role) regarding funding. For example, the<br>nonprofit Trees Pacific partners with the NFL pro-bowl in Hawaii who does<br>fundraising for them as a way to offset the environmental impact of games.<br>They also partner with utility companies, who have a vested interest in the<br>management of urban trees.<br>o Seek funding from private foundations such as Kresge Foundation, whose<br>grant program gives $100,000 to five cities to advance resiliency.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3311604, "type": "text", "content": "# 4.0 Incorporation of Other Plans\n\n\nS tate and federal agencies, non-profit organizations, academic institutions,\nand collaborative groups have \ncompleted considerable analysis and planning work to address natural resource\nissues in Arizona. A large \nportion of the FAP is built upon these earlier activities. The following\ninformation provides an overview \nabout many of the documents that were published and relied upon in the\ndevelopment of the FAP.\n\n\nT he Farm Bill legislation requires integration of several of these documents.\nHowever, many Arizona \nefforts go beyond the national norms and it is important that these works be\nincorporated. Likewise, since \nthere are many planning efforts still ongoing, this list will likely grow\nsubstantially with time.\n\n\n# 4 .1 Existing Arizona Planning\n\n\n\uf0b7 Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management Strategic Plan\n\n\n \n\nThis guiding document lays out the goals for the next five-year period to\nbetter serve our Arizona \ncommunities and ensure the safety of the public. The mission of the plan is to\nmanage and reduce \nfire risk to protect Arizona\u2019s people, communities, and wildland areas.\nSecondly, the plan aims to \nchampion the health of Arizona\u2019s natural resources while providing service\nthrough strategic \nimplementation of cooperative natural resources and fire assistance programs,\ndevelopment and \nsupport of statewide fire policies, and coordination of resources across all-\nlands and jurisdictions. \nThere are seven goals identified in the strategic plan: Educate Public and\nCooperators, Strong \nForest Industry, Healthy Forests, Woodlands and Watersheds, Fire and Hazard\nSafe Communities \n\u2013 Wildlands, Fire and Hazard Safe Communities \u2013 All Hazard, Fire and Hazard\nSafe Communities \u2013 \nStructural, and Organizational Excellence and Efficiency. \n\uf0b7 Arizona Urban & Community Forestry Plan \nAs the guiding document for Arizona\u2019s Urban & Community Forestry (UCF)\nProgram, this plan \ndescribes goals, objectives, and actions for a five-year period in the areas\nof education, public \nawareness, volunteerism, technical assistance, and financial assistance. This\nfive-year plan is an \nimportant guiding document for review of program accomplishments and enables\nArizona to \nreceive Federal funding for UCF program efforts. The plan also describes the\nadvisory relationship \nbetween the Arizona Community Tree Council and the State Forester in support\nof the DFFM\u2019s \nUrban & Community Forestry Program. \n\uf0b7 Community Wildfire Protection Plans \nThe Healthy Forest Restoration Act of 2003 authorized the creation of\ncommunity wildfire \nprotection plans (CWPP). Local stakeholders write CWPPs that include an\nevaluation of local \nconditions and risks from fire, and development of a plan to address all\naspects of community \nprotection and wildfire mitigation. A strategic plan as well as an action\nplan, the CWPP generates \na broad operating framework for landowners and resource managers within the\narea and \nidentifies community protection priorities. A combination of fuel management,\nFireWise \nstandards, and appropriate wildfire suppression response across ownerships\nwithin and adjacent \nto at-risk communities will reduce threats to life and property, protect\nvalues-at-risk, and create \na safe context for the use of fire in subsequent ecosystem restoration\nefforts. Site-specific \nplanning and implementation remains the responsibility of each\nowner/management agency, \ngenerally operating within the guidelines developed by a CWPP. More than 27\nCWPPs or \nequivalent plans have been developed and approved throughout Arizona.\n\n\npg. 15\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 640233, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='32' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>5. Forest management plans are required on all<br>provincial/state or federal lands.<br>6. Government has a role in actively engaging<br>organizations, businesses, communities, and<br>individuals in forest management and policy<br>decisions, especially for publicly owned and urban<br>forests.<br>7. Businesses in the forest products sector<br>(manufacturers, forest investment entities, harvesting<br>professionals, etc.) also have legal and ethical<br>responsibilities to manage natural resources to<br>provide benefits to the public.<br>8. As human populations and global demand for<br>forest resources increase, forest management<br>methodologies and advances in research and<br>technological systems help ensure that forest<br>resources are maintained or improved to produce<br>desired values and products.<br>9. Strategic urban forest improvement programs offer<br>financial and other incentives (such as free-tree<br>program or community tree planting opportunities)<br>and other motiving factors. These programs are<br>often part of long-term sustainable urban forest<br>management plans.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='33' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(713,47); bottom-right:(1415,901)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='34' style='font-size:20px'>D. PERSPECTIVES ON FOREST MANAGEMENT</h1>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Examining the different perspectives involved in forest management helps people understand the complexity of forest<br>management decisions.</p>\n<p id='36' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>1. People have differing perspectives about forest<br>management, that can be affected by politics,<br>science, economics, values, perception, culture, and<br>experience.</p>\n<br><p id='37' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>2. Forest management can be controversial because of<br>these diverse perspectives, as well as the complex<br>nature of forest ecosystems.</p>\n<br><p id='38' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>3. Ensuring that multiple perspectives are involved in<br>decision-making can lead to more effective problem-<br>solving, greater acceptance of solutions, and more<br>sustainable outcomes for our forests.<br>4. Respecting Indigenous Peoples\u2019 rights and<br>incorporating their traditional ecological knowledge<br>are essential to ensuring a sustainable future for our<br>forests.</p>\n<footer id='39' style='font-size:16px'>14</footer>\n<br><footer id='40' style='font-size:14px'>SUSTAINABLE PROJECT PROJECT<br>SUSTAINABLE<br>FORESTRY FORESTRY LEARNING LEARNING<br>INITIATIVE INITIATIVE TREE TREE<br>SFI-00001 SFI-00001<br>PLT is an initiative of SFI SFI<br>PLT<br>an<br>is<br>of<br>initiative</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1620779, "type": "text", "content": "structure, especially pine plantations, \non ecosystem function and wildlife.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 The potential of new forest man- \nagement strategies for a variety of set- \ntings.\n\n\n \n\nThe assessment highlights our in- \nability to link findings in a fully inte- \ngrated, multidisciplinary analysis of \nforest ecosystems and thus address the \nfull complexity of this dynamic and \nhighly diverse region. Such an inte- \ngrated analysis would, for example, \nallow us to evaluate the impacts of ex- \npanded wood products demand on the \ndistribution and condition of wetlands \nand subsequently on the distribution \nand persistence of related species. Our \ninability to make these causal links re- \n\ufb02ects a shortcoming of ecosystem and \nresource science in general that is, at its \nroot, the result of current forms of sci- \nentific investigation. Here lies a chal- \nlenge for the South\u2019s forest research \ncommunity.\n\n\n \n\nLiterature Cited\n\n\n \n\nJOHNSON, K.N., F. SWANSON, M. HERRING, and S. \nGREENE. 1999. Bioregional assessments: Science at the \ncrossroads of management and policy. Washington, DC: \nIsland Press. \nNATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. 1998. Forested landscapes \nin perspective: Prospects and opportunities for sustainable \nmanagement of America\u2019s nonfederal forests. Washing- \nton, DC: National Academy Press. \nWEAR, D.N., and J.G. GREIS. In press. The Southern For- \nest Resource Assessment: Final report. Asheville, NC. \nDraft available at www.srs.fs.fed.us/sustain.\n\n\nDavid N. Wear (dwear@fs.fed.us) is \ncoleader, Southern Forest Resource As- \nsessment, USDA Forest Service, South- \nern Research Station, Box 12254, Re- \nsearch Triangle Park, NC 27709; John \nG. Greis is coleader, Southern Forest Re- \nsource Assessment, USDA Forest Service, \nSouthern Region, Atlanta, Georgia. The \nfull SFRA draft report is available at \nwww.srs.fs.fed.us/sustain.\n\n\n14 Journal of Forestry \u2022 October/November 2002\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3065424, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='88' style='font-size:14px'>ADDRESS CLIMATE RISKS BY LINKING ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO KEY CLIMATE-REL ATED IMPACTS.</header>\n<br><header id='89' style='font-size:14px'>ROGUE VALLEY, OREGON</header>\n<h1 id='90' style='font-size:22px'>Building a large-scale<br>restoration strategy</h1>\n<br><h1 id='91' style='font-size:20px'>A decade of collaboration leads to a comprehensive<br>plan for the 4.6-million-acre Rogue Basin</h1>\n<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For millennia, recurring wildfires \u2014 some sparked by lightning, others tended by indigenous<br>peoples \u2014 thinned and maintained productive, open forests in the drier inland Pacific North-<br>west. As contemporary communities sought to suppress all fire, larger and more severe blazes<br>became more common. Residents now live with the growing threat of wildfires that destroy<br>homes, livelihoods and natural resources.</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Southwest Oregon\u2019s Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest is one of these places: a dry,<br>mixed-conifer and hardwood forest including ponderosa pine, sugar pine, Douglas-fir, incense<br>cedar, Pacific madrone and California black oak. Tourism in the area is important to the<br>local economy, but several consecutive summers with multiple fires and unhealthy air have<br>battered the industry. Although support for large-scale forest restoration and the use of<br>prescribed fire is increasing, a mix of public<br>and private lands and interests complicates<br>\u201cSurveys were a unique and implementation of collaboration ecological<br>thinning and managed fire at the pace and<br>useful piece of our outreach,<br>scale that are needed.</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>engagement and monitoring.\u201d Over the last 16 years, Rogue Valley</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>communities have begun to retool their rela-<br>\u2013 DR. KERRY METLEN, THE NATURE CONSERVANCY<br>tionship with the forest landscape through an<br>active, community-based effort that relies on<br>broad partnerships, science-based risk assessment and strategy. An important step forward was<br>the Ashland Forest Resiliency Stewardship Project (AFR). Based on a community-developed<br>approach, it focused on protecting the city of Ashland\u2019s municipal watershed and reducing<br>the risk of severe wildfire to water quality, older forests, large trees, critical riparian habitat,<br>wildlife, people and property.</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In 2010, the Ashland City Council voted unanimously to join the AFR partnership, which<br>united the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the Lomakatsi Restoration Project, The Nature Conser-<br>vancy (TNC) and the city in a 10-year stewardship agreement. The format of the agreement<br>gave flexibility to the undertaking, increasing partners, expertise and matching funds. At the<br>outset, AFR\u2019s goal was to complete restoration work on 7,600 acres of federal land across</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Ashland\u2019s 15,000-acre watershed; later, partners expanded the project\u2019s reach by adding more<br>than 6,000 acres for restoration treatments on key private and city lands \u2014 one-quarter of the<br>53,000-acre, all-lands project area.</p>\n<br><p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The city urgently needed a way to provide lasting protection for its watershed, the source<br>of nearly all of its drinking water. As the AFR program expanded, the local utility instituted<br>a customer surcharge that funded a co-investment of $175,000 annually to support AFR\u2019s<br>restoration work and long-term maintenance. Thinning and prescribed fire were designated as<br>the primary tools.</p>\n<br><p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Over the course of the program, critical funding came from diverse sources: the American<br>Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the USFS Hazardous Fuels and Forest Health Protection<br>programs, USFS State and Private Forest program, USDA\u2019s Natural Resources Conservation<br>Service, and the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB), as well as matching funds<br>and staff time from AFR partners. Revenues from the sale of restoration byproduct timber \u2014<br>more than 14 million board feet \u2014 were retained under stewardship authority to pay for part<br>of the work on the ground.</p>\n<h1 id='100' style='font-size:16px'>COMMUNICATION AND ENGAGEMENT</h1>\n<br><p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Outreach and transparency were central to AFR\u2019s success. Communities across Oregon were<br>still recovering from the timber wars of the 1980s, and remnants of those bitter divisions linger.<br>Stakeholders who had once been on opposite sides worked to reach agreement on project<br>objectives, implementation tactics and interpretation of monitoring data.</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>According to TNC Restoration Forest Conservation Director Darren Borgias, the Healthy<br>Forest Restoration Act helped the group move forward by allowing communities to submit<br>alternatives to federal plans. \u201cAshland took advantage of the opportunity to integrate its local<br>objectives with the USFS plan. That allowed varied perspectives to be heard and created more<br>buy-in,\u201d he said. Implementation was collaborative, too, as the partners worked closely with<br>USFS to develop plans, choose contractors and administer contracts.</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>TNC Forest Ecologist Dr. Kerry Metlen led a multi-party monitoring effort that engaged<br>the community and volunteers with best science, added transparency and ensured that results<br>informed ongoing management actions.</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A series of surveys tracked popular opinion on AFR\u2019s efforts. In 2012, 2013 and 2019,<br>teams from Southern Oregon University\u2019s Research Center polled citizens on their views<br>of the project and forest restoration. Results showed that over time, popular support for<br>restoration, fuel reduction and selectively cutting trees (while leaving the largest intact)<br>increased. So did public trust in the professionals managing the plan. The surveys also<br>underscored that for the community, reducing wildfire risks was by far the most effective<br>argument for restoration. \u201cSurveys were a unique and useful piece of our outreach,<br>engagement and monitoring,\u201d said Metlen.</p>\n<footer id='105' style='font-size:14px'>28 AMERICAN FORESTS RESTORING FORESTS FOR THE FUTURE</footer>\n<br><footer id='106' style='font-size:20px'>Campbell<br>Darren<br>Right:</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Given a five-year plan to replicate the USFS Southern Region's scholarship model in three new areas, how should initiatives be structured to fit various regional needs while syncing these developments with an international urban forestry event, ensuring both compliance with time constraints and effective awareness-raising?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 885, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1276074, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='41' style='font-size:20px'>Figure</h1>\n<br><h1 id='42' style='font-size:14px'>Page</h1>\n<br><p id='43' data-category='index' style='font-size:16px'>5. 1. Time series of hourly meteorological observations for<br>the period of 3 May to 20 May 1969. 103<br>5. 2. Surface fluxes for May 1969 computed from the hourly<br>meteorological observations in Figure 5, 1. The upper<br>graph is the heat loss from the surface. The middle<br>graph is the incoming solar radiation. The lowest graph<br>is the wind energy available for turbulent mixing of<br>the mixed layer. 105<br>5. 3. Model mixed layer depth with different extinction lengths<br>for May 1969. Only the maximum value for each day is<br>plotted. BT mixed layer depths are shown for compari-<br>son. 108<br>5. 4. Model mixed layer temperature with different extinction<br>lengths for May 1969. The maximum and minimum for<br>each day is shown, BT mixed layer temperatures are<br>shown for comparison. 109<br>5. 5. Model mixed layer temperature with split extinction<br>lengths for May 1969 data. The maximum and mini-<br>mum is shown for each day. 112<br>5. 6. Model mixed layer depth with surface flux variation<br>(1 5 m, = 15 m). BT mixed layer depths are<br>shown for comparison. 114<br>5. 7. Model mixed layer temperature with surface flux<br>variation (corresponds to Figure 5.6). 117<br>5.8. Time series of hourly meteorological observations for<br>the period of 16 December to 31 December 1970. 120<br>5. 9. Surface fluxes for December 1970 'computed from the<br>hourly meteorological observations in Figure 5.8.<br>See Figure 5. 2 for explanation. 121<br>5. 10. Model mixed layer depth with surface flux variation<br>5 m, = 15 m). BT mixed<br>for December 1970 (l<br>layer depths are shown for comparison. 124</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3194041, "type": "html", "content": "<br><table id='9' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Date</td><td>Depth (ft) 6.7</td><td>Date</td><td>Depth (ft) 7/27/12 5.2</td><td>Date</td><td>Depth (ft)</td><td>Date</td><td>Depth (ft)</td><td>Date</td><td>Depth (ft)</td></tr><tr><td>4/1/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>6/1/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>8/1/12</td><td>5.4 6.4</td><td>10/1/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/1/12</td><td>6.4</td></tr><tr><td>4/2/12</td><td>4.6 5/28/12 9/27/12 6.4 11/27/12 6.7</td><td>6/2/12</td><td>4.2</td><td>8/2/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/2/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/2/12</td><td>6.4</td></tr><tr><td>4/3/12</td><td>4.6 6.5 11/28/12</td><td>6/3/12 4.2</td><td>4.2</td><td>8/3/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/3/12</td><td>6.5 6.8</td><td>12/3/12</td><td>6.1</td></tr><tr><td>4/4/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>6/4/12</td><td>4.2</td><td>8/4/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/4/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/4/12 6.8</td><td>6.1</td></tr><tr><td>4/5/12</td><td>4.6 7/30/12</td><td>6/5/12</td><td>4.2</td><td>8/5/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/5/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/5/12 6.7</td><td>6.2</td></tr><tr><td>4/6/12</td><td>4.7 7/31/12 5.4</td><td>6/6/12</td><td>4.2</td><td>8/6/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/6/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/6/12</td><td>6.3</td></tr><tr><td>4/7/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/7/12</td><td>4.2</td><td>8/7/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/7/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/7/12</td><td>6.4</td></tr><tr><td>4/8/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/8/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>8/8/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/8/12</td><td>6.6</td><td>12/8/12</td><td>6.5</td></tr><tr><td>4/9/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/9/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>8/9/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/9/12</td><td>6.6</td><td>12/9/12</td><td>6.5</td></tr><tr><td>4/10/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/10/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>8/10/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/10/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/10/12</td><td>6.5</td></tr><tr><td>4/11/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/11/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>8/11/12</td><td>5.6</td><td>10/11/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/11/12</td><td>6.5</td></tr><tr><td>4/12/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/12/12</td><td>4.4</td><td>8/12/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/12/12</td><td>6.4</td><td>12/12/12</td><td>6.4</td></tr><tr><td>4/13/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/13/12</td><td>4.5 11/26/12</td><td>8/13/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/13/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>12/13/12</td><td>6.5</td></tr><tr><td>4/14/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/14/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>8/14/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/14/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>12/14/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/15/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/15/12</td><td>4.5</td><td>8/15/12</td><td>5.4</td><td>10/15/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>12/15/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/16/12</td><td>4.7 9/20/12</td><td>6/16/12</td><td>4.5</td><td>8/16/12</td><td>5.3</td><td>10/16/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>12/16/12 11/15/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/17/12</td><td>4.7</td><td>6/17/12 7/13/12</td><td>4.5</td><td>8/17/12</td><td>5.4</td><td>10/17/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>12/17/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/18/12</td><td>4.7 4.2 7/14/12 7/18/12 5.1</td><td>6/18/12 9/17/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>8/18/12 5/19/12</td><td>5.5</td><td>10/18/12 5.1</td><td>6.4 6.8</td><td>12/18/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/19/12</td><td>4.7 7/19/12</td><td>6/19/12 7/15/12 9/18/12</td><td>4.6 9/29/12 6.5</td><td>8/19/12 5/20/12 11/19/12</td><td>5.3</td><td>10/19/12 7/20/12</td><td>6.4 6.8 6.4</td><td>12/19/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/20/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>6/20/12 7/16/12 9/19/12</td><td>4.7 5/31/12</td><td>8/20/12</td><td>5.3 5.2</td><td>10/20/12</td><td>6.4 6.5</td><td>12/20/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/21/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>6/21/12</td><td>4.8 4.2 6.4</td><td>8/21/12</td><td>5.5 6.4</td><td>10/21/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/21/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/22/12 5/18/12</td><td>4.6 4.2</td><td>6/22/12</td><td>4.8</td><td>8/22/12</td><td>5.6</td><td>10/22/12</td><td>6.5</td><td>12/22/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/23/12</td><td>4.5 4.1</td><td>6/23/12</td><td>4.8</td><td>8/23/12 4.3</td><td>5.6</td><td>10/23/12 5.0 6.7</td><td>6.6</td><td>12/23/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/24/12</td><td>4.4</td><td>6/24/12</td><td>4.9</td><td>8/24/12 6.8</td><td>5.7</td><td>10/24/12 5.0 11/18/12</td><td>6.6</td><td>12/24/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/25/12</td><td>4.1</td><td>6/25/12</td><td>5.0</td><td>8/25/12 7/12/12</td><td>5.8</td><td>10/25/12 5.0</td><td>6.7</td><td>12/25/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/26/12</td><td>4.0 4.1</td><td>6/26/12</td><td>5.1 4.1 6.4</td><td>8/26/12</td><td>5.8</td><td>10/26/12</td><td>6.7</td><td>12/26/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/27/12</td><td>3.9 4.1</td><td>6/27/12 7/21/12</td><td>5.1 4.2 9/24/12 6.5</td><td>8/27/12 5/25/12 11/24/12 6.8</td><td>5.9 6.5</td><td>10/27/12 11/20/12 6.7</td><td>6.7</td><td>12/27/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/28/12</td><td>4.0 4.1</td><td>6/28/12 7/22/12</td><td>5.1</td><td>8/28/12 5.2</td><td>6.0 5/22/12 9/21/12 6.5</td><td>10/28/12 11/21/12</td><td>6.7 6.7</td><td>12/28/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/29/12</td><td>4.0 5/27/12 9/26/12</td><td>6/29/12 7/23/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>8/29/12 5.1</td><td>6.1 9/22/12 6.5 11/22/12</td><td>10/29/12</td><td>6.7 5/23/12 6.7</td><td>12/29/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4/30/12</td><td>4.1 4.1</td><td>6/30/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>8/30/12</td><td>6.1</td><td>10/30/12</td><td>6.7</td><td>12/30/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5.2 5/24/12</td><td>7/29/12</td><td>7/24/12</td><td></td><td>8/31/12 6.7 5.0</td><td>6.1 9/23/12 11/23/12 6.8</td><td>10/31/12 7/25/12 5.0</td><td>6.7</td><td>12/31/12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/1/12</td><td>4.2</td><td>7/1/12 11/14/12</td><td>5.1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/2/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>7/2/12</td><td>5.1</td><td>9/1/12</td><td>6.2</td><td>11/1/12 5/26/12 4.2 7/26/12 6.5 11/25/12 6.8</td><td>6.7 5.1 9/25/12</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/3/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>7/3/12</td><td>5.1</td><td>9/2/12</td><td>6.2</td><td>11/2/12</td><td>6.7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/4/12</td><td>4.3</td><td>7/4/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>9/3/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/3/12</td><td>6.7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/5/12</td><td>4.4</td><td>7/5/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>9/4/12 4.4 6.5 11/30/12 6.6</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/4/12</td><td>6.8</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/6/12</td><td>4.4 9/30/12</td><td>7/6/12</td><td>5.2 4.2 7/28/12 5.3</td><td>9/5/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/5/12</td><td>6.8</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/7/12 6.7</td><td>4.5</td><td>7/7/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>9/6/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/6/12 4.3</td><td>6.8 5/29/12 5.3 9/28/12</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/8/12</td><td>4.5</td><td>7/8/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>9/7/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/7/12 5/30/12 4.4 11/29/12</td><td>6.8 5.4</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/9/12</td><td>4.6</td><td>7/9/12</td><td>5.2</td><td>9/8/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/8/12</td><td>6.8</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>9/9/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/9/12</td><td>6.8</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/10/12 5/11/12</td><td>4.6 4.6</td><td>7/10/12 7/11/12</td><td>5.2 5.2</td><td>9/10/12 7/17/12</td><td>6.3</td><td>11/10/12</td><td>6.9</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/12/12 5/13/12</td><td>4.4</td><td></td><td>5.2</td><td>9/11/12 9/12/12</td><td>6.3 6.3</td><td>11/11/12 11/12/12</td><td>6.9 6.9</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>4.3</td><td>5/21/12</td><td></td><td>9/13/12 9/15/12 9/16/12</td><td></td><td>11/13/12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5/14/12 5/15/12</td><td>4.2</td><td></td><td>5.0 4.9</td><td>9/14/12</td><td>6.4 6.4 6.4</td><td>11/16/12 11/17/12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><td>5/16/12 5/17/12</td></table>\n<footer id='10' style='font-size:20px'>38</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2169931, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='73' style='font-size:22px'>CAPITOL LAKE \u2013 DESCHUTES ESTUARY</h1>\n<br><header id='74' style='font-size:14px'>Long-Term Management Project Environmental Impact Statement</header>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>fathometer. Target and actual station coordinates are presented with water depths and mudline<br>elevations in Table 2.2.</p>\n<caption id='76' style='font-size:18px'>Table 2.2. Sample Station Coordinates and Depths.</caption>\n<br><table id='77' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">Sample Station</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Sample Type</td><td colspan=\"2\">Target Station Coordinatesa</td><td colspan=\"2\">Actual Station Coordinatesa</td><td rowspan=\"2\">Water Depth (feet)b</td></tr><tr><td>X</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>M-G1</td><td>Grab</td><td>47.02549</td><td>122.90608</td><td>47.02549</td><td>122.90608</td><td>6.1</td></tr><tr><td>M-G2</td><td>Grab</td><td>47.03056</td><td>122.90783</td><td>47.03056</td><td>122.90783</td><td>7.0</td></tr><tr><td>M-G3</td><td>Grab</td><td>47.03473</td><td>122.90923</td><td>47.03473</td><td>122.90923</td><td>7.7</td></tr><tr><td>M-C1</td><td>Core</td><td>47.02549</td><td>122.90534</td><td>47.02549</td><td>122.90534</td><td>5.9</td></tr><tr><td>M-C2</td><td>Core</td><td>47.03059</td><td>122.90696</td><td>47.03059</td><td>122.90696</td><td>5.8</td></tr><tr><td>M-C3</td><td>Core</td><td>47.03480</td><td>122.90841</td><td>47.03480</td><td>122.90841</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>N-G1</td><td>Grab</td><td>47.04024</td><td>122.91062</td><td>47.04024</td><td>122.91062</td><td>14.9</td></tr><tr><td>N-G2</td><td>Grab</td><td>47.04001</td><td>122.91258</td><td>47.04001</td><td>122.91258</td><td>10.4</td></tr><tr><td>N-C1</td><td>Core</td><td>47.04042</td><td>122.90932</td><td>47.04042</td><td>122.90932</td><td>10.5</td></tr><tr><td>N-C2</td><td>Core</td><td>47.04015</td><td>122.91166</td><td>47.04015</td><td>122.91166</td><td>10.8</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>a Coordinate system is NAD 1983 HARN State Plane Washington North FIPS 4601 feet.<br>b Measured during field sampling.</p>\n<br><h1 id='79' style='font-size:20px'>2.4 SAMPLE COLLECTION METHODS</h1>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Grab and core sediment samples were collected and processed as described in the SAP. Grab samples<br>were collected using a power grab. Surface sediment was collected from the 0 to 10 centimeter (0 to<br>4 inch) depth interval. Adequate sample volume for all analyses required was obtained from a single<br>successful grab at all stations. Core samples were collected using a vibracore sampler. Both North Basin<br>cores were easily driven to target z-layer depths and percent recoveries were at least 91 percent. It took<br>two attempts for each of the three Middle Basin cores to get sufficient penetration or recovery; all<br>sampled cores had greater than 85 percent recovery. The number of replicate grab samples or core<br>attempts, and sediment characteristics were recorded on a field form (Appendix A).</p>\n<br><h1 id='81' style='font-size:20px'>2.5 CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY AND SAMPLE HANDLING PROCEDURES</h1>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Samples were retained at all times in the field crew\u2019s custody until samples were delivered to the<br>laboratories by Herrera personnel. Chain-of-custody forms were initiated at the time of sample<br>collection to ensure that all collected samples were properly documented and traceable through<br>storage, transport, and analysis.</p>\n<footer id='83' style='font-size:14px'>November 25, 2020</footer>\n<br><footer id='84' style='font-size:14px'>Capitol Lake Sediment Monitoring<br>Data Report</footer>\n<br><footer id='85' style='font-size:14px'>Page 2-4</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1698691, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>profiles, as well as some time prior to 1954. The locations of the five TSI cores used in<br>the comparison are shown on Figure 1-2.</p>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>As noted previously, this data evaluation report is focused on the history of<br>contamination as recorded in the sediments, and so only examines a limited number of<br>cores where conditions preserved the history in a \u201creadable\u201d form. However, extensive<br>sediment core data from the 1991, 1993, and 1995 sampling programs are available to<br>characterize the general level of sediment contamination throughout much of the region<br>between RM1 and RM7. As part of the preparation of this report, the chemical profiles of<br>each historical core were plotted to evaluate the depositional environment at the core<br>locations. Cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), low<br>molecular weight (LMW) PAHs, high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs, dieldrin, Total<br>PCBs, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, Total DDx [the sum of 4,4\u2019- dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4\u2019-<br>DDT) and its metabolites 4,4\u2019-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (4,4\u2019-DDD), and 4,4\u2019-<br>dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4\u2019-DDE)], and Cs-137 were plotted for 120<br>historical cores. These plots can be found in Attachment A.</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>I n the following discussion, example compounds from four major contaminant groups are<br>examined, including dioxins (2,3,7,8-TCDD), PCBs, pesticides, and heavy metals. In<br>each discussion, the 2005 results are provided first, followed by the additional results for<br>the 2007 program. For one compound in each contaminant group, an additional<br>comparison is made between the 2005 core results and the five TSI locations mentioned<br>above.</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>3.2.1 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Profiles</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The results for 2,3,7,8-TCDD for the five dated sediment cores collected in 2005 are<br>presented as downcore profiles versus approximate year of deposition in Figure 3-4. The<br>year assignments for these and all subsequent representations of these cores were derived<br>as described in Section 3.1. The downcore profile for the core at RM11, which provides<br>the most well-resolved core chronology, is shown on the left-most panel of Figure 3-4.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The middle panel of the figure shows the results from all the five 2005 high resolution</p>\n<br><footer id='6' style='font-size:14px'>Data Evaluation Report No. 3: 3-6<br>Contaminant History as Recorded in the Sediments<br>Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River</footer>\n<br><footer id='7' style='font-size:14px'>2014</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1698687, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>this period. For the core located at RM11, the sedimentation rate between 1963 and 2005<br>is approximately 2.3 cm/yr. Sediment sample intervals between these horizons were<br>assigned an approximate year of deposition based upon this rate. A second deposition rate<br>was determined for the deeper segments in the core, using the 1954 and 1963 horizons<br>(the difference in the sedimentation rates between the upper and lower portions of the<br>core will be discussed later in this section). Specifically the distance between the mid-<br>point of the interval containing the Cs-137 maximum (1963) and the bottom of the first<br>segment with detectable levels of Cs-137 (1954) represented the total amount of<br>deposition that occurred over this time period, approximately 70 cm. The elapsed time<br>between the intervals is 9 years. These values yield a deposition rate of about 8 cm/yr or<br>about 4 times greater than the post-1963 period in this core. Applying these deposition<br>rates to the appropriate core segments provides an approximate year of deposition for all<br>depths in the core. Plotting the Cs-137 profile as a function of approximate year of<br>deposition rather than depth yields the profile shown on the right side of Figure 3-1.</p>\n<p id='38' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he purpose of this figure is to show how the use of the multiple Cs-137 event horizons<br>adjusts the core chronology to account for variable deposition rates. These adjustments<br>provide a more accurate interpolation of the conditions captured by the core with respect<br>to time. When done across multiple cores, these adjustments help to ensure that cross-<br>core comparisons are made for relatively well defined periods of time, i.e., that a cross-<br>core comparison of 1970s-age sediments is in reality a comparison of sediments of this<br>period. Given the variation of sedimentation rates both within and among cores, these<br>horizons provide an accurate basis for consistent comparisons across the core<br>chronologies.</p>\n<p id='39' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he other four cores were dated in a similar fashion to the RM11 core. The 1963 time<br>horizon can be identified in all five cores (dashed black line in Figure 3-2). In each core,<br>the Cs-137 maximum is found relatively deep within the core, with a gradual decrease in<br>the Cs-137 concentration in the overlying layers moving to the top of the core. Note the<br>absolute difference in the depth of this horizon across the cores; the range is from about<br>90 to 420 cm. Yet because of the consistent presence of the Cs-137 maximum in each</p>\n<p id='40' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>Data Evaluation Report No. 3: 3-2<br>Contaminant History as Recorded in the Sediments<br>Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River</p>\n<br><footer id='41' style='font-size:14px'>2014</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1698364, "type": "text", "content": "By obtaining cores from locations distributed along the river, the spatial and\ntemporal \ndistribution of solids-borne contaminants can be discerned. A dated sediment\ncore at \nRM1.4 can provide a record of suspended solids contamination in the saline\nwaters near \nthe mouth of the Lower Passaic River; whereas a core at RM12.6 provides a\nrecord of \nsuspended solids associated contamination in the largely fresh waters of this\narea of the \nriver. Cores obtained between these locations can be used to document changes\nalong the \nmain axis of the river.\n\n\nT his data evaluation report examines downcore profiles collected in the Lower\nPassaic \nRiver by both the USEPA and Tierra Solutions, Inc. (TSI) [under USEPA\noversight]. The \nanalysis is focused on the chronologies obtained from five dated sediment\ncores collected \nin 2005 by the USEPA, which provide the greatest detail concerning the long-\nterm trends \nof contamination in the Lower Passaic River. In 2007, the USEPA reoccupied the \nlocations of the 2005 high resolution cores and obtained a 0 to 2 centimeter\n(cm) sample \nusing a shallow box core. The 2007 surface sediment concentrations will be\npresented \nand discussed to extend the contaminant trends obtained from the dated cores.\nIn \naddition, a comparison to 1995 TSI cores, specifically the longest 1995\nsediment cores \nwith interpretable Cs-137 profiles, is also presented. Figure 1-2 shows the\nlocation of the \n1995 and 2005 cores examined in this data evaluation report.\n\n\nT his data evaluation report is composed of the following sections in addition\nto the \nintroduction:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Section 2.0, Conceptual Model of Sediment Core Dating and the FFS Coring \nProgram: presents the theoretical and practical considerations for collection\nand \ndating of sediment cores as well as a description of the USEPA\u2019s dated\nsediment core \ncollection efforts. \n\u2022 Section 3.0, Examining the Sediment Record of Historical Contamination: \ncharacterizes the historically-deposited sediments in the river and presents a \ngeochronology of contaminant loading. \n\u2022 Section 4.0, Acronyms: defines the acronyms used in this report. \n\u2022 Section 5.0, References: lists the references used in this report.\n\n\nData Evaluation Report No. 3: 1-4 \nContaminant History as Recorded in the Sediments \nLower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River\n\n\n \n2014\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1698694, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>observed for all of the other contaminants examined in this FFS, as discussed<br>below. This indicates that tidal energies have been and continue to be sufficient to<br>minimize concentration gradients and maintain a narrow range in concentration<br>for settling suspended solids at these three locations over the 27-year period<br>ending in 2007. The analysis of Be-7-bearing sediments presented in Data<br>Evaluation Report No. 4 indicates that this area extends from RM2 to RM12.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>3.2.1.1 Other Lines of Evidence Regarding 2,3,7,8-TCDD</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The observations based on the five 2005 cores are supported by other lines of<br>evidence: 1) 2007 Be-7-bearing surface sediment data (see Data Evaluation<br>Report No. 4); and 2) the historical data collected by TSI from RM1 to RM7 in<br>1995, discussed below.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>A s part of the 1995 investigation conducted by TSI under USEPA oversight, TSI<br>obtained cores from about 95 sites. Of these, 14 cores had detectable levels of Be-7,<br>direct evidence for the presence of recently-deposited sediments at these locations. The<br>cores from these sites were reviewed for their Cs-137 profiles as potentially dateable<br>cores. Of these, five were selected based on the quality of their Cs-137 profile (satisfying<br>the criteria in Section 2.2) and having a declining 2,3,7,8-TCDD profile near the core<br>bottom, indicating that the core had captured pre-1940 conditions. These five cores are<br>located at RM2.7, RM3.1, RM4.0, RM4.5, and RM6.3.</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>F igure 3-5 compares the results from the 2005 coring effort with the profiles from these<br>five cores. While the 2005 cores were sufficiently well resolved to permit useful<br>approximate year of deposition assignments to individual core segments, the 1995 TSI<br>cores had thicker core segments and so approximate year of deposition assignments were<br>not made. This reflects the coarser resolution of the chemical analyses relative to the<br>radionuclide analyses within these cores, as described above. Nonetheless, the 1995 TSI<br>cores are consistent with the observations made from the 2005 cores.</p>\n<footer id='22' style='font-size:14px'>Data Evaluation Report No. 3: 3-9<br>Contaminant History as Recorded in the Sediments<br>Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic River</footer>\n<br><footer id='23' style='font-size:14px'>2014</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1698728, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='18' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"2,3,7,8-TCDD to Total TCDD Ratio\n2,3,7,8-TCDD to Total TCDD Ratio 2,3,7,8-TCDD to Total TCDD Ratio\n0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0\n0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0\n2005 2007 -\n2005\n2005\nNote: axes scale\n2000\n2000\nchange\n1995\n1995\n2000\n1990\n1990\nDeposition 1985 Deposition 1985 Deposition 1995\nof\nof\nYear 1980 Year 1980\nof\nYear\nApproximate 1975 Approximate 1975 Approximate 1990\n1970 1970\n1985\n1965 1965\n1960 1960\n1980\n1955 1955\n1950 1950 1975\nRM 1.4 RM 11\nRM 2.2 RM 12.6\nRM 7.8 Non-contiguous\ncore segment\nDated Sediment Core Profile for 2,3,7,8-TCDD to Total TCDD Ratio: Figure 3-6\" data-coord=\"top-left:(102,95); bottom-right:(1545,1083)\" /></figure>\n<br><table id='19' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>2005 High Resolution Cores and 2007 Surface Samples River</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lower Eight Miles of the Lower Passaic</td><td>2014</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1698732, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='2' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"BZ 110+115 Concentration (ug/kg) BZ110+115 Concentration (ug/kg)\nBZ110+115 Concentration (ug/kg)\n0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 100 1,000\n10 100 1,000\n2005 2005\n2007 -\n2005\n2000 2000\n1995 1995\n2000\nNote: axes scale\n1990 1990\nchange\nYear) 1985 Year) 1985 Year) 1995\nby\nby\nby\n(Represented 1975 1975 (Represented 1990\n(Represented\n1980 1980\nDepth 1970 Depth 1970 Depth\n1985\n1965 1965\n1960 1960\n1980\n1955 1955\n1950 1950\n1975\nRM 1.4 RM 11\nRM 2.2 RM 12.6\nRM 7.8 Non-contiguous\ncore segment\nDated Sediment Core Profile for BZ110+115: Figure 3-7d\n2005 High Resolution Cores and 2007 Surface Samples\" data-coord=\"top-left:(104,95); bottom-right:(1551,1107)\" /></figure>\n<br><table id='3' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Lower Eight Miles River</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>of the Lower Passaic</td><td></td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 129441, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='9' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(314,334); bottom-right:(968,901)\" /></figure>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 8 - Critical stress and erosion rate constant profiles for experiment 6, cores 11 and 12.<br>These cores were collected and eroded on May 19, 2005. The cores were taken in the vicinity of<br>station 5, in a water depth of 1.8 meters. See table 1 and figure 1 for additional information.</p>\n<footer id='11' style='font-size:14px'>14</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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If core number 13 were to be compared using the data in Figure 8 and Table 1, discuss how temporal changes and water depth variances might affect the results, given that subsequent collections happen biweekly starting from May 19, 2005.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 886, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 778697, "type": "text", "content": "2\\. Awareness \u2013 how are you going to let your target know about you? How will\nyou catch and \nmaintain its interest? This second sub-step must be developed further in the\nmarketing \nstrategy.\n\n\nStep 6: Core of Business \u2013 What do you do?\n\n\nIn this step you have to envision which are going to be your most important\nactivities. Plan what \nyou are going to do is fundamental also to define the costs.\n\n\n# Step 7: Resources\n\n\nDo you already have resources available, or do you need to buy them?\n\n\n \n\n# Step 8: Partners\n\n\nIn order to develop a business, you may need the support (financial,\nintellectual, resources, etc.) \nof other companies, or people (maybe experts) who are going to partner with\nyou. When looking \nfor a partner it is important to establish with he/she a good relationship\nthat has to be built \nupon clear rules (agreed in a written form before the start of the\npartnership) and trust, which \ncan only develop with time.\n\n\n# Step 9: Costs\n\n\nThis is very important since its balance with the income is going to\nconstitute the real profits. It \nis important to describe in detail all costs for each activity planned, from\nthe higher ones to the \nlower ones. It is important to also include in the costs an amount which can\nbe used in case of \nnecessity.\n\n\n# Lean StartUp (Explained)\n\n\nLean Startup is a business development method designed to reduce the product\ndevelopment \ncycle and to minimize the risk of failure. The Lean Startup method is based on\nexperimentation, \nrepeated small-scale product launches in different stages of completion,\ncontinuous consultation \nwiththe targeted market segment and validated findings. The method (The Lean\nStartup) of Eric \nRies (allows the avoidance of measuring the success at the end (through\nsales). This method also \nprevents going in a wrong direction and prevents the premature expenditure of\nlarge amounts \nof money.\n\n\nA central problem of the startup that needs to be treated with the utmost\nattention is the \nunderstanding of its client. Most of the times, startups that have relied on\nassumptions, \ninvalidated by objective marketing methods, have failed. The most frequent\nmistake in these \ncases is the self-centeredness of the entrepreneur who believes that his/her\nneeds and \nexpectations are also those of the customer segment. An entrepreneur needs to\nfind out what \nconsumers really want, not what they say they want, nor what the entrepreneur\nbelieves they \nshould want.\n\n\nIf the consumer's views are neglected and the entrepreneur goes in the wrong\ndirection, then all \nthe efforts are obviously in vain, and the associated costs are wasted. In\naddition, the needs of\n\n\n \n80\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 778970, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='73' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(831,89); bottom-right:(1091,175)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Let people interact with your product or service and see what their take is on it. A fresh set of<br>eyes can help point out a problem you might have missed. Plus, these people will become your<br>first brand advocates, especially if you listen to their input.</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Just make sure you don\u2019t surround yourself with negative people. That is not a good<br>environment for developing ideas. So, Pick the right People for feedback!</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>3 types of people to surround yourself with and get feedback from:</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. The Inspired</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2. The Excited</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>3. The Grateful</p>\n<h1 id='80' style='font-size:18px'>Make it official</h1>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Get all of the legal aspects out of the way early. A quick checklist of things to shore up might<br>include:</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Business structure (LLC, corporation or a partnership, to name a few.)<br>\u2022 Business name<br>\u2022 Register your business<br>\u2022 Tax ID<br>\u2022 Permits<br>\u2022 License<br>\u2022 Necessary bank account<br>\u2022 Trademarks, copyrights or patents</p>\n<h1 id='83' style='font-size:14px'>Write your business plan.</h1>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>A business plan is a written description of how your business will evolve from when it starts to<br>the finish product. Business plan will include:</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Executive summary: This is a high-level summary of what the plan includes, often<br>touching on the company description, the problem the business is solving, the solution<br>and why now<br>\u2022 Business description: What kind of business do you want to start?<br>\u2022 What does your industry look like?<br>\u2022 What will it look like in the future?<br>\u2022 Market strategies: What is your target market, and how can you best sell to that market?<br>\u2022 Competitive analysis: What are the strengths and weakness of your competitors? How<br>will you beat them?<br>\u2022 Design and development plan: What is your product or service and how will it develop?<br>Then, create a budget for that product or service<br>\u2022 Operations and management plan: How does the business function on a daily basis?</p>\n<footer id='86' style='font-size:18px'>76</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 778971, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='87' style='font-size:20px'>C hapter 11 Setting up a Business</h1>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Realistically, registering your business is the first step toward making it real. However, as with<br>the personal evaluation step, take your time to get to know the pros and cons of different<br>business entities. You will also need to get the proper business licenses and permits. Depending<br>upon the business, there may be city, county, or state regulations as well. We talked about<br>turning dream into ideas into business. Before the start, he/she should talk to his/her<br>acquaintances and, if possible, the specialists from the business field. He/she has to make sure<br>that the answers of his interlocutors are sincere and not just benevolent. Also, the future<br>entrepreneur should not be discouraged by a few negative opinions. But if the vast majority of<br>opinions are negative and the arguments of the interlocutors are solid and logical, then it means<br>that the idea has no potential. Otherwise, the work at the business can start and you should<br>make a business plan.</p>\n<p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u201cOur goals can only be reached through the vehicle of a plan, in which we must fervently believe,<br>and upon which we must vigorously act. There is no other route to success.\u201d</p>\n<h1 id='90' style='font-size:14px'>Pablo Picasso</h1>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In the simplest terms, a business plan is a roadmap\u2014something you will use to help you chart<br>your progress and that will outline the things you need to do in order to reach your goals. Rather<br>than thinking of a business plan as a hefty document that you\u2019ll only use once (perhaps to obtain<br>a loan from a bank), think of it as a tool to manage how your business grows and achieves its<br>goals.</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Do you want some tips and tricks around Business Planning, Writing a business plan can seem<br>daunting if you've never done it before. However, it's something you can't afford to put off or<br>ignore. Having a sound business plan is crucial to the survival and development of your business.</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>While you might use your business plan as part of your pitch to investors and banks, and to<br>attract potential partners and board members, you will primarily use it to define your strategy,<br>tactics, and specific activities for execution, including key milestones, deadlines and budgets, and<br>cash flow.</p>\n<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In fact, the business plan does not have to be a formal document at all if you don\u2019t need to<br>present your plan to outsiders. Instead, your plan can follow a Lean Planning process that<br>involves creating a pitch, forecasting your key business numbers, outlining key milestones you<br>hope to achieve, and regular progress checks where you review and revise your plan.</p>\n<p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If you aren\u2019t presenting to investors, don\u2019t think of this as a formal pitch presentation, but<br>instead a high-level overview of who you are, the problem you are solving, your solution to the<br>problem, your target market, and the key tactics you will use to achieve your goals. Even if you</p>\n<footer id='96' style='font-size:16px'>77</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2297411, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>conscious I needed to pick</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>make my own business plans aiming for a three-year goal. And I</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>It is said that \u2018we overestimate what we can do in one year, and</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>your own self by honing your skills further.</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>underestimate what we can do in three years\u2026\u2019 Since I heard that, I</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>To have a successful business, you need to start by developing Clarity.</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>further.</p>\n<br><p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>personal and business life at several di\ufb00erent levels and, very</p>\n<p id='87' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>will I \ufb01nd them? Who can help me with that? Who are my clients?</p>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>you want to develop, it is time to craft an action plan on how to get</p>\n<p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>suggest you do the same. Quoting Stephen R. Covey (7 Habits of</p>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>THAT is an amazing motivator!</p>\n<br><p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>rollercoaster! The tangible rewards usually take much longer to</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>talking about so many</p>\n<br><p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Once you have de\ufb01ned where you want to be in three years, work</p>\n<p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Kristin Engvig</p>\n<br><p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>She is an award-winning speaker who is passionate about inspiring</p>\n<br><p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>you have to learn to juggle many balls at the same time, to manage</p>\n<br><p id='97' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u201cI\u2019ve learned that running a business is not a \u2018bed of roses\u2019; more like a</p>\n<p id='98' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u201cIt can also be a lonely journey if you don\u2019t surround yourself with</p>\n<p id='99' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>just one or I would end up</p>\n<br><p id='100' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>the big whole that will lead you to achieve your goal in three years.</p>\n<p id='101' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and empowering women and bringing greater diversity to stages</p>\n<br><p id='102' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>developing and expanding any kind of business and excelling in all</p>\n<br><p id='103' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>backward to identify the steps you need to take to get there. The</p>\n<br><p id='104' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>importantly, be prepared to continuous learning and investment on</p>\n<br><p id='105' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>people who are on the same entrepreneurial quest as you are. Also,</p>\n<p id='106' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>and promotes collaborations and partnerships.</p>\n<p id='107' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u201cPerhaps the hardest thing</p>\n<br><p id='108' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Tulia believes communication and collaboration are the keys to</p>\n<br><p id='109' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>where you know that each little task that you are doing today is part of</p>\n<br><p id='110' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>more speci\ufb01c and precise you are, the better. Aim to get to the point</p>\n<p id='111' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Leading in High Heels, a step-by-step guidebook to help women to</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 52056, "type": "text", "content": "his wonderful \"Marriage of Heaven and Hell,\" said: \"I dined with Isaiah and\nEzekiel and asked: Does a strong \npersuasion that a thing is so, make it so? and Isaiah replied: All prophets\nbelieve it does, and in ages of \nimagination a firm persuasion moved mountains, but many today are not capable\nof a firm persuasion of \nanything.\" Everything here was once only a desire, believed. This building,\nthe clothes you wear or the car \nyou drive were first a desire, then believed into being.\n\n\nYes, I believe there is a man named Neville. He may work for you to aid the\nfulfillment of your desire, if you \nbelieve you have it. Many men can and will come to aid you, even without\nknowing they are doing it, if you \nbelieve. You do not have to persuade others to help you; all you need do is\nbelieve you are what you want to \nbe and then let the world (which is nothing more than yourself pushed out) go\nto work to make your \nassumption possible. I promise you: your desire will be fulfilled, for all\nthings are possible to him who \nbelieves.\n\n\nThe late Robert Frost said: \"Our founding fathers did not believe in the\nfuture, they believed the future in.\" The \nmost creative power in you is your power to believe a thing in. Our founding\nfathers did not believe that the \npassage of time would produce this country as they desired it. They wanted\ndemocracy, not a monarchy, and \nknew that sitting down and hoping it would come to pass wouldn't do it - they\nhad to appropriate it, so they \nsimply believed it in. How? By faith. They subjectively appropriated their\ndesire.\n\n\nLet us say you would like to be in San Francisco now, but you don't have the\ntime or the money to make the \ntrip. What do you do? You ignore the present moment and subjectively\nappropriate your objective hope by \nsleeping in San Francisco tonight. As you lie on your bed, look at your world\nthrough the eyes of one who is \nsleeping in San Francisco. You may wake in the morning to find you are still\nphysically in Los Angeles, but \nwhile you slept changes were taking place which will compel you to make the\njourney. I tell you: you will \nalways go physically to the subjective state you have appropriated.\n\n\nRemember: all things are possible to him who believes, and with God all things\nare possible. Man believes \nthat God created the world and all within it, but he does not equate God with\nhimself, the believer. But the \nBible equates God, the creator of everything, with one who believes. And\nbelief need not be restricted, but \ncan go beyond the evidence of sense and reason.\n\n\nIn the world you must go on the outside to light your way. You may light a\ncandle, a lamp, or use electricity; \nbut one day you will turn within to discover that you are the light of the\nworld. Then you will know you are \nGod, the light of infinite love, infinite power, and infinite wisdom. You will\nexpand into these states as you \nbreak the barriers of reason and senses. I challenge you to examine yourself.\nAre you holding to the state you \ndesire to experience? Test yourself, and as you do you are testing Christ, for\nhe is God's power and wisdom. \nIt doesn't cost anything to test him, so try it.\n\n\nWe are told that imagination speaks to us through the medium of dreams and\nreveals himself in vision. One \nnight I was shown how to test myself. That night I found myself in an enormous\nmansion on 5th Avenue in \nNew York City at the turn of the century. Everything that money could buy was\nin that mansion. Although I \nwas invisible to the two generations who were present, I could hear everything\nthey said. The older gentleman \nspoke, saying: \"Father used to say, while standing on an empty lot, 'I\nremember when this was just as empty \nlot,' then he would describe the building he wanted to be there as though it\nwere already solid and real.\" Then \nthe scene shifted and I saw the building, now complete, standing where only a\nmoment before had been an\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 778694, "type": "text", "content": "# C hapter 11 Setting up a Business\n\n\nRealistically, registering your business is the first step toward making it\nreal. However, as with \nthe personal evaluation step, take your time to get to know the pros and cons\nof different \nbusiness entities. You will also need to get the proper business licenses and\npermits. Depending \nupon the business, there may be city, county, or state regulations as well. We\ntalked about \nturning dream into ideas into business. Before the start, he/she should talk\nto his/her \nacquaintances and, if possible, the specialists from the business field.\nHe/she has to make sure \nthat the answers of his interlocutors are sincere and not just benevolent.\nAlso, the future \nentrepreneur should not be discouraged by a few negative opinions. But if the\nvast majority of \nopinions are negative and the arguments of the interlocutors are solid and\nlogical, then it means \nthat the idea has no potential. Otherwise, the work at the business can start\nand you should \nmake a business plan.\n\n\n\u201cOur goals can only be reached through the vehicle of a plan, in which we must\nfervently believe, \nand upon which we must vigorously act. There is no other route to success.\u201d\n\n\n# Pablo Picasso\n\n\nIn the simplest terms, a business plan is a roadmap\u2014something you will use to\nhelp you chart \nyour progress and that will outline the things you need to do in order to\nreach your goals. Rather \nthan thinking of a business plan as a hefty document that you\u2019ll only use once\n(perhaps to obtain \na loan from a bank), think of it as a tool to manage how your business grows\nand achieves its \ngoals.\n\n\nDo you want some tips and tricks around Business Planning, Writing a business\nplan can seem \ndaunting if you've never done it before. However, it's something you can't\nafford to put off or \nignore. Having a sound business plan is crucial to the survival and\ndevelopment of your business.\n\n\n \n\nWhile you might use your business plan as part of your pitch to investors and\nbanks, and to \nattract potential partners and board members, you will primarily use it to\ndefine your strategy, \ntactics, and specific activities for execution, including key milestones,\ndeadlines and budgets, and \ncash flow.\n\n\nIn fact, the business plan does not have to be a formal document at all if you\ndon\u2019t need to \npresent your plan to outsiders. Instead, your plan can follow a Lean Planning\nprocess that \ninvolves creating a pitch, forecasting your key business numbers, outlining\nkey milestones you \nhope to achieve, and regular progress checks where you review and revise your\nplan.\n\n\nIf you aren\u2019t presenting to investors, don\u2019t think of this as a formal pitch\npresentation, but \ninstead a high-level overview of who you are, the problem you are solving,\nyour solution to the \nproblem, your target market, and the key tactics you will use to achieve your\ngoals. Even if you\n\n\n77\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 829480, "type": "text", "content": "\u201cThe future belongs to those who believe \nin the beauty of their dreams.\u201d\n\n\n \n\n# CREATE YOUR VISION\n\n\n \n\n\u2013 Eleanor Roosevelt\n\n\nIt is vital from the beginning you connect your WHY for a better future with\nthe decision to grow a successful business and create a \nresidual income. You have hired the d\u014dTERRA opportunity to serve you as a\nvehicle for an abundant financial pipeline that gives you \nthe freedom to create and live the life you desire. Your WHY is your hopes and\ndreams for a better life and is realized when your needs, \nwants, purposes are fulfilled.\n\n\nOnce motivation is stirred, the passion to do what you do lights the fire of\nyour every day. Ponder, identify, and circle below all that \nwould make the biggest impact. Give yourself something you can look forward\nto, that moves you to action now and stay the course of \nyour dreams.\n\n\n# EARNING MORE\n\n\n\u2022 Work to be Debt Free \n\u2022 Build a Generous Savings Account \n\u2022 Have More Financial Flexibility \n\u2022 Do More Charitable Giving\n\n\n \n\nWORKING SMARTER\n\n\n\u2022 Control Your Time and Schedule \n\u2022 Build Your Own Dreams \n\u2022 Focus on Self-Improvement \n\u2022 Plan and Prepare Financially\n\n\n \n\nDOING WHAT YOU LOVE\n\n\n\u2022 Experience More Travel\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Get More Education\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Give More Service\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Spend More Time with Family\n\n\n# DREAM BIG!\n\n\n \n\nEnvisioning your dreams and putting them down on paper is the first step\ntoward making them a reality! Sit down, by yourself or \nwith a trusted partner, and shape your vision for the future using whichever\nquestions below inspire you.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 BUSINESS What do you want to achieve in your d\u014dTERRA business? What is your\nnext rank? \n\u2022 PURPOSE How do you see yourself serving others, experiencing fulfillment,\nbeing known or remembered for? \n\u2022 RELATIONSHIPS If you had more time, freedom, or resources, who would you\nattract, spend time, grow, and expand with? \n\u2022 MONEY How would freedom and prosperity look and manifest in your life and\nlifestyle? \n\u2022 EXPERIENCES What would you do more of? Where do you want to go? What are you\npassionate about achieving? \n\u2022 EMOTIONAL How do you want to feel on a regular basis? \n\u2022 SPIRITUAL What does a life with consistent divine connections look and feel\nlike? \n\u2022 PHYSICAL What are ideal experiences with your body? \n\u2022 MENTAL What do you want to know? How do you want to think?\n\n\nEnvision your future. Some people find themselves inspired by creating and\nthen focusing daily on a vision board aimed \nat thoughts and beliefs of a new future fed by posted images. To do so, choose\nthose that represent things as if already \na reality. Then focus on one area at a time and energize your visualizations\nwith music and a favorite essential oil to \nrelease of any limited thinking around a particular dream or goal.\n\n\nYour belief that d\u014dTERRA\u00ae products and financial opportunity can change\nlives\u2014including your own\u2014is the \nsingle greatest source of fuel to launch your business. The higher your level\nof belief, the easier it is to share \nwhat you love.\n\n\nEverything begins with a belief that fuels action to create results. Good\nresults can fuel stronger beliefs and \nintensify action, generating greater results. Infuse your heart and mind daily\nwith what nurtures your belief to \nbecome the person who achieves your dreams.\n\n\nPREPARE IPES 3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 506930, "type": "text", "content": "\uf0b7 Do you face challenges to the \u201ctraditional\u201d manner of operating such a\nbusiness \nmodel (e.g. transportation, communication, support needs, etc)? Explain.\n\n\n\uf0b7 How will these challenges be addressed or the business operations be\nmodified \nto help you and your business succeed? (Examples include adaptations/assistive \ntechnology, selling via the internet, creating \u201cbusiness to business\u201d\nrelationships \nor developing a \u201cbusiness within a business\u201d model, and using business revenue \nto purchase business services - not job coach supports - like an employee, \nbookkeeper or marketing assistance). Explain.\n\n\n\uf0b7 Given the size of your potential market, the costs associated with the\nbusiness, \nand the breakeven sales level, are you able to sell this amount of products or \nservices to achieve your income and work activity goals? Explain.\n\n\nC reate a Team Action Plan for Business Planning:\n\n\n \n\nB ased on the suggested activity list, create a team plan to make contacts and\ndo \nresearch for business planning.\n\n\nWrite the First Two Sections of Your Business Plan:\n\n\n# I . Business Summary\n\n\n \n\n\uf0fc A description of the business \n\uf0fc Why this business exists and why it will be successful. (Including: a\nstatement \nabout feasibility and how it was determined - what opportunity exists in the \nmarket and/or your community that makes you think this business will be \nsuccessful and how the business relates to your interests, skills and\nabilities.) \n\uf0fc A list of business goals and objectives for the next three years \n\uf0fc A description of the challenges this business might face and how you will \naddress them\n\n\n# II. Product & Services\n\n\n \n\n\uf0fc A detailed description of your products and services \n\uf0fc Findings from your competitive analysis \n\uf0fc A description of the unique features and benefits of the product or service\nand \nwhy customers buy it from you \n\uf0fc Information about the costs to produce the product or service and time it\ntakes \nyou to produce each product or service \n\uf0fc Pricing information for each product or service \n\uf0fc Where and how the product or service will be sold\n\n\nPage 58 of 84\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1757310, "type": "text", "content": "Better Business Plans and a checklist for success\n\n\n# Starting on your \nBusiness Plan\n\n\n \n\nAt the beginning, what will you have to think \nabout?\n\n\nP erhaps, the first thing you'll need to address \nis: What business are we in or what business \ndo we want to get into? Only through \ndefining the business and its purpose will you \nbe able to answer this key question.\n\n\nT hen, you'll have to define the people who \nwill be running the business. What roles will \nneed to be filled? How will you recruit these \npeople, and keep them.\n\n\nU nless you scan the market and the business \nand economic environment in which you \nintend to operate, your business plan is likely \nto fail. So, you'll have to think about how you \ngather key information about the market and \nthe environment. It won't be easy and you \nmust remember that your competitors are \nprobably doing the same thing.\n\n\nH aving done the above, maybe, just maybe, \nyou will have identified a niche in which you \ncan operate despite competition in your \nbusiness sector. If you know what your \nbusiness is going to do and the niche in \nwhich it intends to operate, you will have to \ndecide on a pricing policy for your products \nor services. The less competition you have, \nthe better chance there is for you to apply \npremium pricing. If there is intense \ncompetition, you will have to think about \nother ways (other than low prices) to attract \nyour customers - in particular, you must \naddress the delivery mechanisms you use to \ndeliver your service or product.\n\n\nY our marketing strategy comes next. You've \ndefined the business you want to be in and \nyou have an appreciation of the market and \nthe economic factors that may affect you. By \nnow, you may even have been able to \nidentify a niche sector. What comes next is \nperhaps the most important part of the \nbusiness plan - it is your marketing strategy. \nHow exactly do you intend to create the \ndemand and awareness in the marketplace for \nyour product or service? Will you do this by \nadvertising, direct mail, seminars, press \narticles, special offers or whatever? \nExperience shows that the more attention is \npaid to marketing strategy, the greater will be \nyour prospect of success.\n\n\n \n\nIf you have defined to a very precise degree \nyour marketing strategy, you must remember \nthat its main objective is to create sales. So, \nnext on the list in your business plan is your \nsales strategy. Here, you will have to write \ndown exactly how you intend to get your \nmarketing strategy to produce sales for you. \nYou should by now be able to produce a \nforecast of sales.\n\n\nW here will you operate from? The process of \nsigning up on a property lease or tenancy \nagreement can be long winded and there is a \ngreat deal of small print in these legal \ndocuments for you to take great care over \nwhen committing yourself to business \npremises.\n\n\nY ou'll have to forecast all the costs that you \nwill have to bear - such as the cost of labour, \nmaterials, overheads and so on. These \nnumbers will go into your financial \nprojections. You will also have to consider \nwhat equipment - such as machinery, \nvehicles, computers and so on - you will need \nto buy.\n\n\nW ith all the above information, you should \nbe able to prepare an outline business plan \nwith financial projections within just a few \ndays.\n\n\n# T aking Stock\n\n\n \n\nIt's always a good idea when planning \nanything to look at what you need and \ncompare it with what you have. For example, \nif you plan to go on a train journey, when \nyou arrive at the station you will need to buy \na ticket and you will look in your pocket to \nsee if you have enough money. You will also \ncheck the train will arrive in time for the \nmeeting you have planned. Chances are that \nyou will also check to see if there is a quicker \nway to get to your destination.\n\n\nW hen planning a destination for your \nbusiness, it's a good idea to check on the \nareas of knowledge and skills that you will \nneed in order to achieve success. For \nexample, try filling in the following table:\n\n\n3\n\n\n \n3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1414046, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Define your market and your customers (wholesalers, retailers, consumers, government,<br>etc.).<br>\u2022 Why does this market need your product/service? Is your product or service a fad or a<br>continuing need? Will it soon be phased out or recreated by a new technology?<br>\u2022 List the characteristics of your typical or average customer including: age, location (market<br>area), average income/sales, employment, and other important information. The more you<br>understand about your market, the better you can sell to it.<br>\u2022 What do customers like and dislike about your product or service?<br>\u2022 Estimate the size of your market in terms of number of customers.<br>\u2022 Estimate how much the total market will spend on this or similar products or services in<br>the next year.</p>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:18px'>B. Environment</h1>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Discuss any external environmental factors (economic, legal, social, or technological) that<br>affect your market or product/service. Environmental factors are those that have significant<br>effects on your operation, but over which you have no control, i.e., county growth, rising<br>energy prices, etc.</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:18px'>C. Competition</h1>\n<p id='28' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Discuss the number of your competitors (direct and indirect) and their location, age,<br>reputation, size, market share, etc.<br>\u2022 For your major competitors discuss, in detail, their product service features, pricing,<br>location/distribution, reputation/image, size (in sales or number of customers), changes in<br>market share, etc.</p>\n<h1 id='29' style='font-size:18px'>D. Competitiveness</h1>\n<p id='30' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Discuss how your product/service meets market needs and how you compare with the<br>competition in terms of product/service features, locations/distribution, price, other.<br>\u2022 Compare your estimates of the market\u2019s demand and the competition\u2019s supply.</p>\n<h1 id='31' style='font-size:18px'>5. Market Strategy</h1>\n<h1 id='32' style='font-size:18px'>A. Sales Strategy</h1>\n<p id='33' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Present your marketing strategy. Tell how you will get the edge on your competition and<br>get customers. This is your action plan to get business.<br>\u2022 Your product/service will sell because one or more of the following is attractive: features,<br>pricing (high, medium, low), distribution system (limited, widespread, etc.) and promotion.</p>\n<br><h1 id='34' style='font-size:14px'>B. Promotion</h1>\n<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Describe how you plan to promote your product/service: advertising, direct mail, personal<br>contacts, sponsoring events, word-of-mouth, trade associations, etc.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Imagine you want to start a business in a competitive market and also aim to achieve financial stability over the next five years. How could you leverage belief and imagination to create a strategic plan that addresses potential market challenges and financial constraints? Detail the steps you would take, considering both short-term and long-term planning.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 888, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3200741, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='56' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>SA Topics</td><td>Proposed monitoring measures</td></tr><tr><td>Built and natural environment Minor negative effects are predicted as development could have effects upon the setting of some heritage assets. Potential minor positive effects are predicted as a result of regeneration activities and the enhancement of the built environment.</td><td>Although no significant effects have been predicted, several indicators are proposed to track trends: Percentage of planning permissions granted in accordance with Heritage England advice Number of dwellings which have been vacant for over 6 months. Public realm improvements implemented. Number of updated Conservation Area Appraisals completed</td></tr><tr><td>Health and Wellbeing Significant positive effects are predicted as the Plan will help to tackle affordable housing, provide improvements to green infrastructure and improve social infrastructure.</td><td>Compliance with open space standards Percentage of new dwellings permitted within 800m of a health centre. Housing register of people wanting to move to affordable housing</td></tr><tr><td>Economy and employment Significant positive effects are predicted related to economic growth, regeneration and infrastructure improvements</td><td>Employment land developed (Square feet) Loss of employment on existing employment sites Employment land available per annum by type</td></tr><tr><td>Housing Significant positive effects are predicted as the Plan is likely to support identified needs for a range of community groups.</td><td>Rates of housing delivery. Percentage of affordable housing delivered in accordance with Plan targets. Analysis of progress with strategic sites Density numbers of approved housing developments</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='57' style='font-size:18px'>135</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1437651, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Urban/<br>Spatial<br>Planning</header>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Integrated Planning and<br>Public Participation for<br>Sustainable Urban District<br>Development in Freiburg</h1>\n<table id='2' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>public authority</td><td>City of Freiburg, Germany</td></tr><tr><td>sector</td><td>Urban Planning & Buildings</td></tr><tr><td>local authority characteristics</td><td>Urban</td></tr><tr><td>number of inhabitants</td><td>227,090 (2019)</td></tr><tr><td>investment (\u20ac)</td><td>Site preparation, infrastructure and public buildings funded through the sale of plots and regional funds</td></tr><tr><td>percentage of inhabitants positively affected by the action</td><td>4.4%</td></tr></table>\n<table id='3' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>brief description</td><td>The City of Freiburg, in order to address the pressing local housing shortage, de- veloped the sustainable planning of Rieselfield district. The 70 hectare mixed-use Rieselfeld concept is now fully developed and implemented, including compara- tively high density energy-efficient building blocks, good public transport connec- tivity as well as a socially mixed and inclusive demographic make-up. The concept was developed in a staged approach taking into account the ideas and needs of local government\u2019s decision makers, citizens and stakeholders, under the prism of environmental and social sustainability. The \u201cRieselfeld\u201d district showcases how green policies can be effectively operationalized at local level.</td></tr><tr><td>innovation</td><td>\u2022 Public engagement underpinned the conception, planning and implemen- tation of the Rieselfeld development. Engagement forms were dynamic and needs-based, to ensure that the district would be inclusive (especially for families and the elderly). An association was established to organize social / cultural events, as well as to function as a platform for citizens mobilization. \u2022 Architectural and social diversity was promoted by limiting the size of build- ing plots and their sale to individual developers, with a threshold set at 500 apartment units, and mixing privately financed and subsidized housing. \u2022 Purchasers of plots were contractually obliged to meet low-energy building standards, with a maximum energy consumption of 65 kWh/m\u00b2.a (which was very ambitious at the time). This also mandated that buildings are connected to the district heating network.</td></tr></table>\n<br><table id='4' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>innovation</td><td>\u2022 The integrated green space planning approach was employed to en- sure that residents can avail of sufficient play areas, open spaces, as well as cycle paths. \u2022 Low-carbon transport was prioritized by connecting the site to the city\u2019s tram network, implementing traffic calming measures and dis- couraging individual motorized transport ownership. \u2022 A concept for rainwater infiltration was developed to reduce the vol- umes of water being discharged into the canal system.</td></tr><tr><td>key success parameters</td><td>\u2022 Political leadership and high levels of public awareness with regard to environmental sustainability. The vision of sustainable urbanism ensured that ecological and social impacts were carefully considered from the outset. Public engagement at all stages ensured that the new district would be inclusive and a sense of community could be developed. \u2022 Public ownership of the process. Local government invested consid- erable time and resources to formulate and refine concepts in all development stages. Furthermore, the city could bind developers to more ambitious sustainability targets than required by law, by drawing up contracts that had to be signed when purchasing plots.</td></tr><tr><td>challenges</td><td>\u2022 Former use. As the site had been used as a sewage farm for over one-hundred years, extensive ground surveys and soil removal / re- mediation had to be carried out. \u2022 Public opposition. Greenfield development projects are met with considerable opposition in Freiburg. Extensive public consultation was conducted to build trust about the project, while urban devel- opment limitations were set for the hectares not built so far (desig- nated as a NATURA 2000 sanctuary).</td></tr><tr><td>governance</td><td>\u2022 Local government had substantial experience in creating new districts in the city, with past projects of sustainable urban planning and devel- opment, such as the district of Vauban. As a result, local government has solid technical capacities and institutional arrangements for such complex projects. \u2022 Stakeholders engaged in planning and implementing projects, such as Rieselfeld, include a range of local government departments, energy planners, architects, consultants, business owners, developers and citizens (who are involved in frequent public engagement activities).</td></tr><tr><td>future enabling parameters</td><td>\u2022 More Public engagement is needed to overcome public opposition. Ef- forts need to be made towards balancing the challenges of such projects, decarbonising the city while being socially inclusive and prosperous. \u2022 The resolution of legal challenges resolution needs to be accelerated. \u2022 Regional and national-level regulations (i.e. standards, targets, financing) will enable the development of local sustainable projects. \u2022 European, national and regional) funds and financing tools are key parame- ters for designing and implementing green projects.</td></tr></table>\n<br><footer id='5' style='font-size:22px'>80</footer>\n<br><footer id='6' style='font-size:14px'>Guidebook for achieving Carbon Neutrality by 2050</footer>\n<br><footer id='7' style='font-size:22px'>81</footer>\n<br><footer id='8' style='font-size:14px'>Guidebook for achieving Carbon Neutrality by 2050</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 879468, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='51' style='font-size:22px'>Key benefits</h1>\n<figure><img id='52' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"P\nT A I N A B L E DEVELO\nM\nS E\nU N\nS T\" data-coord=\"top-left:(161,348); bottom-right:(513,715)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='53' style='font-size:20px'>O P E N SPACE</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='54' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(611,365); bottom-right:(943,718)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>N H A N C E D ECOLO</p>\n<br><figure><img id='56' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"E\" data-coord=\"top-left:(186,790); bottom-right:(514,1103)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>G</p>\n<br><p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Y</p>\n<br><figure><img id='59' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(624,790); bottom-right:(954,1075)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='60' style='font-size:20px'>P L A Y SPACE</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='61' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"S\nPA\nL T U R A L & EVENT\nU C\nC E\nA L I N VESTM\nC E\nO N\nL T\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1057,329); bottom-right:(1417,1134)\" /></figure>\n<p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>N E W C Y CLE ROUT<br>E</p>\n<figure><img id='63' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(182,1230); bottom-right:(513,1531)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='64' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"L E I S U R E & RETAIL\" data-coord=\"top-left:(616,1147); bottom-right:(959,1534)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Sustainable development</p>\n<figure><img id='66' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"J O B C R EATIO\nN\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1078,1180); bottom-right:(1382,1537)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 Commitment to minimising landfill waste, material and water use, while in-<br>creasing recycling opportunities and trialling new products with high-recycled<br>content<br>\u2022 Sustainable design approach, using efficient building materials and promot-<br>ing sustainable travel, with a Whole Life Carbon Assessment<br>\u2022 Commitment to achieving BREEAM \u2018Excellent\u2019 rating for sustainability<br>\u2022 Promoting the use of integrated Sustainable Urban Drainage systems (SUDS)<br>\u2022 Biodiversity improvements on the site</p>\n<p id='68' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Open space, play and routes</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<br><p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>Opening up the site and introducing new routes through the site<br>Creating new links to surrounding communities<br>Heathline \u2013 a new green, landscaped route through the site<br>A new pedestrian and cycle route on the Heathline<br>Safeguarding for future connections, including to Kentish Town, Regis Road<br>and Carker\u2019s Lane<br>Significant public open space across the site \u2013 carefully managed to ensure<br>safety</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Culture, leisure , retail and community</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 At least 1,000 sqm of community floorspace<br>\u2022 Kitchen gardens and outdoor events space<br>\u2022 Retail space of up to 3,650 sqm</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Local investment</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>\u2022 In excess of \u00a313m projected to be spent annually in the local area by the<br>scheme\u2019s employees and residents<br>\u2022 The scheme will generate in the region of \u00a340.6 million in CIL payments<br>\u2022 An investment of over \u00a3600m to bring the scheme forward</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Job creation</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 76235, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='4' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(204,150); bottom-right:(1036,706)\" /></figure>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Paul Finch, programme director at the World Architecture Festival, argues that the<br>transformation of Nine Elms from \u201ca non-place\u201d into a new neighbourhood is<br>unquestionable. \u201cIt\u2019s fantasy to suggest that somehow Ballymore and the other<br>developers have dispossessed poor cheerful cockneys from their home patch to<br>make way for yuppies and overseas investors,\u201d he says. \u201cThere hasn\u2019t been anyone<br>living down in Nine Elms for as long as anyone can remember.\u201d</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>He does have some sympathy for the people who find Nine Elms offensive.<br>\u201cBecause, for them, it\u2019s a symbol of the fact we don\u2019t have enough housing for<br>ordinary Londoners,\u201d he says. \u201cBut Nine Elms is not the cause. Politics is.\u201d</p>\n<figure><img id='7' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(295,1106); bottom-right:(947,1540)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1252464, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='15' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(84,107); bottom-right:(1147,862)\" /></figure>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>development achievable would be too small to fund new infrastructure, or simply because<br>there isn\u2019t sufficient physical space for improvements to be made.</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 The need to support our rural communities as much as our urban communities, and ensure that<br>the significant amount of residents who live outside our main towns have as much sustainable<br>access as possible to everyday services and facilities. This not only addresses issues of<br>rural deprivation and service accessibility, but also helps to support rural schools, shops and<br>businesses which rely on local patronage. The more services that can be provided in rural<br>areas, the greater the opportunities are for our communities living in these areas to access day<br>to day services by foot, bike or public transport and therefore help to reduce overall levels of<br>car use and transport based carbon emissions in the district.<br>\u2022 The need to meet localised housing needs and issues elsewhere in the district other than the<br>main towns. High property values in the rural areas have created rural affordability issues,<br>reducing people\u2019s social mobility and their choices in being able to live near to their families,<br>other support units, or more rural places of work.<br>\u2022 The need to secure a larger number of smaller development sites to help diversify the housing<br>market (including for custom builders) and to satisfy the national policy requirement of having at<br>least 10% of our housing supply on sites of 1ha or less.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>All of these issues have been looked at by considering different scenarios for distributing new<br>development around the district. In total, 8 scenarios were considered:</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1. Business as usual (i.e. the current Local Plan strategy)<br>2. Town centre intensification<br>3. Mainly rural distribution</p>\n<footer id='20' style='font-size:14px'>13</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3390714, "type": "html", "content": "<br><h1 id='16' style='font-size:20px'>Hudson West<br>Our proposals</h1>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our proposal will deliver the world\u2019s first fully integrated showcase, exhibition, gaming and technology<br>experience. The development will be technology led, meeting the Mayor\u2019s objective of maintaining and<br>enhancing London\u2019s \u2018Global City\u2019 status\u2019 in a post Brexit economy.</p>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>At the heart of the scheme will be a new public square surrounded by restaurants, shops, a hotel and<br>residential accommodation. It is envisaged that the scheme will become London\u2019s hub for technology,<br>generating high-value employment that will revitalise this strategically important location. Since<br>consultation in 2017 we have taken on board comments from the local community and the height and<br>massing of the proposed buildings has been significantly reduced.</p>\n<figure><img id='19' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(151,1488); bottom-right:(3360,3109)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CGI of proposals looking into new public square</p>\n<br><figure><img id='21' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"250,000 sq ft\n238 new homes\nNew restaurants\nshowcase New\n(35% affordable)\nand shops\npublic square\n220 Up to 500 Construction jobs\nTargeting BREEAM\nbedroom car parking for local people\nOutstanding\nhotel spaces\" data-coord=\"top-left:(137,3214); bottom-right:(3373,4705)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2778643, "type": "text", "content": "The site would generate additional residential floor space within the Bath\ncity area and is \nsubject to contributions via the infrastructure Levy in line with the\nCouncil's adopted \nPlanning Obligations SPD.\n\n\n# S USTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND RENEWABLE ENERGY:\n\n\nP olicy CP2 of the Placemaking Plan has regard to Sustainable construction.\nThe policy \nrequires sustainable design and construction to be integral to all new\ndevelopment in \nB&NES; and that a sustainable construction checklist (SCC) is submitted with\napplication \nevidencing that the prescribed standards have been met.\n\n\nF or minor new build development a 19% reduction is CO2 emissions is required\nby \nsustainable construction. In this case the submitted SCC shows that a 33.88%\nCO2 \nemissions reduction has been achieved from energy efficiency and/or\nrenewables. \nTherefore the proposed development is compliant with policy CP2 in this\ninstance.\n\n\nP olicy SCR5 of the emerging Placemaking Plan requires that all dwellings meet\nthe \nnational optional Building Regulations requirement for water efficiency of 110\nlitres per \nperson per day. This can be secured by condition.\n\n\nP olicy SCR5 also requires all residential development to include a scheme for\nrainwater \nharvesting or other method of capturing rainwater for use by residents (e.g.\nwater butts). \nThese matters can be secured by a relevant planning condition.\n\n\nP olicy LCR9 states that all residential development will be expected to\nincorporate \nopportunities for local food growing (e.g. border planting, window boxes,\nvertical planting, \nraised beds etc.).\n\n\n \n\n# P OLLUTION:\n\n\nP olicies PCS1 and PCS2 have regard to pollution, noise, and nuisance. Third\nparties have \nraised concerns to all three elements. The proposal is not considered to\nresult in risks of \npollution being for an extension and two further dwellings. The impact of\nadditional \npollution from cars associated with the development is not considered grounds\nfor refusal \ngiven that it meets the required parking standards as prescribed by the\nplacemaking plan. \nFurthermore, future residents may have electric vehicles. The addition of two\ndwellings in \na residential area is not considered to result in noise pollution to existing\nresidents, it is \nnoted that the two plots will only be bound directly by neighbours to the\nsouth east, the \nroad and countryside bounds the other sides. There may be some temporary noise\nduring \nconstruction, but this will be strictly controlled by the construction\nmanagement plan, and \nwill be temporary. Light pollution levels are considered acceptable, and not\nbeyond the \nnormal for a standard house, a lighting strategy has been submitted which is\ndiscussed in \nthe ecology section below and will be secured by condition.\n\n\n \n\n# E COLOGY:\n\n\nA n ecological appraisal has been submitted with the scheme, Bat Emergence and\nActivity \nsurveys have been undertake, an ecological mitigation and enhancement plans\nhas also \nbeen submitted along with a lighting strategy and Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) \ncalculations.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 76237, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In 2006 the Irish property developer Treasury Holdings snapped up Battersea<br>Power Station for \u00a3448 million (the company later went bust and BPS was bought<br>by a Malaysian consortium in 2012). Then, in 2008, the US Department of State<br>and the developer Ballymore signed a conditional agreement to relocate the<br>American embassy there from Grosvenor Square.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>News of the move made headlines around the world, and in 2009, using that<br>publicity, the new mayor of London, Boris Johnson, and the leader of Wandsworth<br>council, Edward Lister, announced a plan to regenerate the entire area.</p>\n<h1 id='14' style='font-size:14px'>The VNEB was approved less than three years later, in March 2012.</h1>\n<figure><img id='15' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(268,695); bottom-right:(966,1162)\" /></figure>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The plan, Bill says, was \u201cfull of good intentions\u201d but included no numbers. \u201cThere<br>was nothing in there to restrict the height, to talk about the design of the individual<br>buildings in relation to each other, nothing about density. It was just a sort of<br>developers\u2019 charter to get on and do what you frigging like, basically.\u201d</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Touring the newly paved streets this month I counted 20 new-build blocks and<br>almost as many cranes. There are recognisable landmarks such as the US embassy,<br>but also gigantic projects like the 53-storey One Thames City.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 454328, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='124' style='font-size:18px'>16</header>\n<h1 id='125' style='font-size:22px'>KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR #3<br>RESIDENTIAL<br>UNITS<br>CONSTRUCTED</h1>\n<br><p id='126' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The original business plan included a target of 10,000 new homes.<br>This target was different from others in that we were not given any direct responsibility<br>or provided with funding to build new houses meaning that hitting the figure was<br>always going to be dependent on the activities of partners in the private and public<br>sectors, with a further reliance on their judgement of what was sustainable in respect<br>of density and the mix between different styles of developments.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='127' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"B\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1658,118); bottom-right:(1985,404)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='128' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"C\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1999,120); bottom-right:(2329,402)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='129' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"A\" data-coord=\"top-left:(5,445); bottom-right:(1496,2202)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='130' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>has been the extent of tenure choice.<br>The \ufb01gures for 2015 reveal that 44% of<br>housing across Glasgow is owner-<br>occupied but for the Calton Ward, in<br>the heart of the Clyde Gateway area,<br>the \ufb01gure is a fraction above 24%. The<br>explanation can be found by looking at<br>the social-rented sector which, for the<br>city as a whole, stands at 36% but is<br>almost 54% in the Calton Ward.</p>\n<br><p id='131' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The amount of land across Clyde<br>Gateway that can be available for<br>housing is linked to the extent of our<br>success in remediating vacant and<br>derelict sites. There is also keen<br>competition from developers who wish<br>to bring forward new factories, business<br>spaces, community facilities and other<br>leisure uses. A \ufb01ne balance has to be<br>taken when determining what sites are<br>best suited to be marketed and sold to<br>housing providers.</p>\n<br><p id='132' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The social-rented sector is the bedrock<br>of housing across the Clyde Gateway<br>communities but it is important to<br>achieve a better balance and offer<br>residents a wider choice, not only<br>across tenure but in the sizes and styles<br>of homes to suit all circumstances and<br>lifestyles.</p>\n<br><p id='133' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The issues around housing in the Clyde<br>Gateway area date back more than<br>half-a-century to a period when the<br>large-scale demolitions of tenement<br>properties across all our communities<br>saw a sharp and seemingly irreversible<br>decline in the population. Many<br>residents moved away to new towns<br>such as East Kilbride, Cumbernauld<br>and Irvine or indeed further a\ufb01eld to<br>countries such as Canada, Australia<br>and South Africa whose economies<br>were growing increasingly reliant on the<br>skills often found among the workforce<br>living in the east end, Rutherglen and<br>Shaw\ufb01eld.</p>\n<br><p id='134' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We may not have any direct<br>responsibility for housing but we have,<br>from the outset, worked with partners<br>to create the best possible conditions to<br>bring new housing to the communities<br>and achieve a subsequent increase in<br>population.</p>\n<p id='135' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The public providers of housing have,</p>\n<br><p id='136' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>By 31 March 2017, 2,456 new<br>residential units had been completed.</p>\n<br><p id='137' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>over the years, invested in the Some of the best-known housebuilders<br>maintenance and improvement of what in Scotland, including Avant, Barratt,<br>remained of their stock while there have Cruden, Keir and McTaggart & Mickel<br>been a limited number of new builds, have come to the area while community<br>particularly in the 1980s as part of the based housing associations have<br>Glasgow East Area Renewal (GEAR) delivered an impressive number of<br>project, and more recently by a number new-builds speci\ufb01cally for the social<br>of smaller community-based housing rented market, with many more in the<br>associations. One of the key aspects pipeline of development, subject to<br>around housing over recent decades obtaining the funding that is required.</p>\n<p id='138' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A. Mixed tenure development at Toryglen (Cruden Homes)<br>B. Private sector housing at Farme Cross, Ruthertglen (Barratt Homes)<br>C. One of the many styles of homes on offer at Richmond Park at Oatlands (Avant Homes)</p>\n<br><footer id='139' style='font-size:18px'>17</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 76236, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u201cTo understand Nine Elms you have to look up one document,\u201d says Peter Bill, co-<br>author of Broken Homes: Britain\u2019s Housing Crisis. \u201cThe Vauxhall Nine Elms<br>Battersea (VNEB) Opportunity Area consultation draft.\u201d<br>Bill kept that 2009 brief on his desk for a long time. \u201cIt was about two and a half<br>inches thick,\u201d he recalls. \u201cI kept a copy because I thought something like this<br>would happen. It was the masterplan for Nine Elms, and what a waste of bloody<br>time it was. There was never enough space for people to live and breathe. Just jam<br>it up.\u201d</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The VNEB plan had ambitious targets: the creation of 20,000 homes and 25,000<br>jobs, as well as two new underground stations, now set to open this autumn.</p>\n<figure><img id='10' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(265,702); bottom-right:(973,1180)\" /></figure>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To entice developers to what was then just brownfield land, the council was given<br>a special planning rule allowance that reduced the requirement of affordable<br>housing from the standard 33-44 per cent down to 15 per cent. In the case of<br>Battersea Power Station the requirement was later slashed to 9 per cent to prioritise<br>the developers\u2019 contribution towards transport infrastructure. The 386 affordable<br>units were built half a mile from the main scheme.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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With 386 affordable units built away from the main scheme, evaluate how these separate developments might affect social cohesion among residents in the context of the ambitious VNEB targets (including 25,000 jobs and two new underground stations). Consider the implications of these decisions for wider city planning and community integration.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 890, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["textual reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 138550, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='86' style='font-size:22px'>COCKPITCI APPROACH</header>\n<h1 id='87' style='font-size:20px'>MODEl GENERATION</h1>\n<br><p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The application is first transformed into a task-graph together with the task model speciation. The model<br>consists of a directed graph G = (V;E), where V is a finite set of vertices vi and E is a set of edges eij, i \u2260 j,<br>representing precedence relations between vi; vj V. Critical infrastructure protection problems have to-<br>pology maps that can be represented by directed or undirected graphs, G. Typical examples are electrical<br>\u2208 controlling these infrastructures. In a probabilis-<br>power grids and the under laying communication networks<br>tic graphical model, vertices represents a random variable (or group of random variables), and the edges<br>express probabilistic relationships between these variables. The graph then captures the way in which the<br>joint distribution over all of the random variables can be decomposed into a product of factors each de-<br>pending only on a subset of the variables. Directed graphs are useful for expressing causal relationships<br>between random variables. Bayesian network is a directed graphical modelling technique which could be<br>used for this purpose. A brief description of Bayesian network modelling is given below.</p>\n<h1 id='89' style='font-size:20px'>PARAMETERIZATION</h1>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Once the application is mapped to edges (E) and vertices (V) of G then it is necessary to map system<br>specific parameters such as power transmission, sensitivity or confidentiality, communication cost, net-<br>work throughput, relative importance based on the cost of loss of services etc. to generic parameters.<br>Weights need to be assigned to edges and/or vertices of the generated graph to represent their charac-<br>teristics. Therefore, edge and vertex weights are defined respectively for each edge E and vertex V. For<br>example, Let we denote the weight of edge eij and wi v denote the vertex weight of vi, where vi, vj V and<br>ij<br>i \u2260 j. Depending on the application if multiple parameters are needed multiple weights may be defined<br>for edges and/or vertices. In such a scenario we [m] and wv i[n] and represent the mth and nth parameter \u2208<br>ij<br>respectively of we and wv are weight vectors.<br>ij i</p>\n<h1 id='91' style='font-size:20px'>MODEl ABSTRACTION AND OPTIMIZATION</h1>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>The graph G could reflect in the context of standard graph or scheduling problems once weights have<br>been assigned. A graph theoretical presentation could be characterized by the graph itself along with<br>the controlling objectives. However, a scheduling theoretical presentation involves requirements of the<br>scheduling model (i.e. the processing environment, and the optimization criteria). The key feature of the<br>model designing procedure is the matching of the intrusion response requirements and objectives with<br>the graph and scheduling model and objectives.</p>\n<figure><img id='93' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Application: Attack\nresponse for critical\ninfrastructure\nprotection\nModel generation\nreverse transformation\nParameterization\noptimization\nModel abstraction and\n- Graph algorithms\nrepresentation\n- Scheduling algorithms\" data-coord=\"top-left:(73,956); bottom-right:(826,1463)\" /></figure>\n<br><caption id='94' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 2. Modelling overview</caption>\n<p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Graph G and schedule model S are subjected to graph and scheduling theoretical algorithms respec-<br>tively. During the optimization process the aim is to find optimal (or suboptimal) solutions for the required<br>attack response criteria, applying the suitable algorithm(s). For this suitable algorithms need to be in-<br>vestigated that suit the optimization criteria, i.e. attack response criteria, considering response time or</p>\n<footer id='96' style='font-size:14px'>www.eForensicsMag.com</footer>\n<br><footer id='97' style='font-size:14px'>137</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 144046, "type": "text", "content": "\u201crework\u201d and \u201cis-reworked\u201d, can be integrated within the queries as well, for\nin- \nstance, by replacing the navigation path ois\u2212reworked by the navigation path \nois\u2212reworked | orework\u2212, e.g.\n\n\n \n\n$$J u m p R i g h t(e_{m o v i e s V I},l_{h e l s...r e w o r k e d}|o_{r e w\no r k}-)=\\\\{l_{n o s f e r a t u}\\\\}.$$\n\n\n5.3 Selection Predicates\n\n\n \n\nThe selection predicates allow the selection of only those entities satisfying\na \nspeci\ufb01c characteristic. They basically use the result values of extraction\noperators \nto create Boolean operators. The selection predicates can be combined with \nthe generic Select operator, which takes a predicate and an arbitrary set as \ninput values, and returns all elements of the set that satisfy the condition\nof \nthe speci\ufb01ed predicate. For instance, applying the operator IsType to the\nlogical \nmedia part \u201cDracula\u201d and the set of the one ontology object \u201cBook\u201d returns \nfalse:\n\n\n \n\n$$l s T y p e(l_{d r a c u l a},\\\\{o_{b o o k}\\\\})=f a l s e.$$\n\n\n \n\nBy taking a set of ontology objects as input parameter, the operator IsType \nenables the integration of supertype/subtype relationships within queries. The \nontological knowledge about a subtype relationship, for example, the subtype \nrelationship between the ontology objects \u201cNovel\u201d and \u201cBook\u201d can be re\ufb02ected \nwithin the query expression, e.g.\n\n\n \n\n$${\\cal I}s\\,T y p e(l_{d r a c u l a},\\\\{o_{b o o k},o_{n o v e l}\\\\})=\\,t r\nu e.$$\n\n\n \n\nAssuming that ontological knowledge about supertype/subtype relationships was \nrepresented within EMMOs (e.g. in EMMO eontology) as well, e.g., by means of \nassociations of type \u201cis a\u201d, the subtypes of \u201cBook\u201d in the previous query\nwould \nnot need to be hardwired but could also be dynamically calculated during query \nexecution using an appropriate JumpRight expression:\n\n\n \n\nIsType(ldracula, JumpRight(eontology, obook, ois a\u2217)) = true.\n\n\n \n\nAlthough we have not developed a language yet which governs the expression \nof such ontology knowledge within the EMMO model, the query algebra in this \nmanner is prepared for exploiting this knowledge once it becomes available.\n\n\n \n\nIf we apply the Select operator to the selection predicate IsType with the set \nconsisting of the ontology objects \u201cBook\u201dand \u201cNovel\u201d as \ufb01xed parameter value \nand to the logical media parts contained within EMMO \u201cDracula Studies\u201d (see \nFig. 2), the result set consists of the logical media part representing\nStoker\u2019s \nnovel \u201cDracula\u201d:\n\n\n \n\n$$S e l e c t(I s T y p e_{[8,(s,o s,o_{n o v e l})}),\\,l m p(e_{s t u d i e\ns}))=\\\\{l_{d r a c u l a}\\\\}.$$\n\n\n \n\nBy combining selection predicates with logical predicates, such as And, Or,\nand \nNot, we can ask, for example, for all logical media parts within EMMO \u201cDracula \nStudies\u201d which are not of type \u201cNovel\u201d:\n\n\n \n\n$$S e l e c t(N o t(I s T y p e_{[\\mathrm{S,\\\\{o_{nont}\\\\}}\\\\}}),l m p(e_{s t\nu d i e s})))=\\\\{l_{v a m p y r e},l_{n o s f e r a t u}\\\\}.$$\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 397344, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>Echoes from Space:<br>Grouping Commands with Large-Scale Telemetry Data</h1>\n<p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Alexander Lattas<br>Department of Computing<br>Imperial College London<br>London, United Kingdom<br>alexandros.lattas17@imperial.ac.uk</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>ABSTRACT</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Background: As evolving desktop applications continuously ac-<br>crue new features and grow more complex with denser user inter-<br>faces and deeply-nested commands, it becomes inefficient to use<br>simple heuristic processes for grouping gui commands in multi-<br>level menus. Existing search-based software engineering studies on<br>user performance prediction and command grouping optimization<br>lack evidence-based answers on choosing a systematic grouping<br>method.<br>Research Questions: We investigate the scope of command group-<br>ing optimization methods to reduce a user\u2019s average task comple-<br>tion time and improve their relative performance, as well as the<br>benefit of using detailed interaction logs compared to sampling.<br>Method: We introduce seven grouping methods and compare their<br>performance based on extensive telemetry data, collected from pro-<br>gram runs of a cad application.<br>Results: We find that methods using global frequencies, user-<br>specific frequencies, deterministic and stochastic optimization, and<br>clustering perform the best.<br>Conclusions: We reduce the average user task completion time<br>by more than 17%, by running a Knapsack Problem algorithm on<br>clustered users, training only on a small sample of the available data.<br>We show that with most methods using just a 1% sample of the data<br>is enough to obtain nearly the same results as those obtained from<br>all the data. Additionally, we map the methods to specific problems<br>and applications where they would perform better. Overall, we pro-<br>vide a guide on how practitioners can use search-based software<br>engineering techniques when grouping commands in menus and<br>interfaces, to maximize users\u2019 task execution efficiency.</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:20px'>CCS CONCEPTS</h1>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Human-centered computing \u2192 Interaction design process<br>and methods; \u2022 Software and its engineering \u2192 Software evo-<br>lution; Search-based software engineering;</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or<br>classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed<br>for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation<br>on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the<br>author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or<br>republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission<br>and/or a fee. Request permissions from permissions@acm.org.<br>ICSE-SEIP \u201918, May 27-June 3 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden<br>\u00a9 2018 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to the<br>Association for Computing Machinery.<br>ACM ISBN 978-1-4503-5659-6/18/05. . . $15.00<br>https://doi.org/10.1145/3183519.3183545</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Diomidis Spinellis<br>Department of Management Science and Technology<br>Athens University of Economics and Business<br>Athens, Greece<br>dds@aueb.gr</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>KEYWORDS</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Command grouping, menu layout, GUI optimization, telemetry,<br>sampling</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>ACM Reference Format:</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Alexander Lattas and Diomidis Spinellis. 2018. Echoes from Space: Group-<br>ing Commands with Large-Scale Telemetry Data. In ICSE-SEIP \u201918: 40th<br>International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in<br>Practice Track, May 27-June 3 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden. ACM, New York,<br>NY, USA, 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3183519.3183545</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>1 INTRODUCTION</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Computer applications aimed at professional users are deemed to<br>be at least as complex as the problem they aim to solve. Computer<br>aided design applications, image and video editors, simulators and<br>enterprise resource planners are just a few examples of programs<br>whose interfaces have become unyieldingly complex. As developers<br>struggle to publish frequent updates that introduce more and more<br>integrated commands, tools and extensions, their graphical user<br>interfaces (guis) become packed with icons impossible to memorize.<br>Moreover, new, modern but niche features are placed at the center of<br>a user\u2019s attention in order to justify the increasing costs of an update,<br>while well-known and frequently used commands get buried in<br>multiple nested hierarchical menus.</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In the meantime, parallel efforts to improve the user\u2019s experience<br>often are in vain, as they focus on the aesthetic aspect, or derive<br>conclusions based on heuristics and small-scale experiments. Com-<br>mon user experience (ux) experiments, involving heuristics-based<br>testing tools focus on specific scenarios that the developers think<br>important. However, lacking a user-centric approach, the majority<br>of the users are likely to face mental overhead and require more<br>time when executing common tasks that involve deep-nested com-<br>mands. Moreover, new users that are introduced to such complex<br>applications will need much time to become comfortable in using<br>them resulting, for example, in longer profitless training sessions.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>We propose, evaluate and compare seven methods that exploit<br>easily accessible program telemetry data to reorganize an appli-<br>cation\u2019s command tree structure based on actual evidence. These<br>methods involve a combination of command frequencies, domain-<br>based heuristics, continuous training, and stochastic optimization.<br>To train the algorithms, as well as to evaluate them, we use a large<br>data set of telemetry data, created by real users of a fairly complex<br>professional application. Additionally, we use experimental data<br>we produced, to understand the data set and to eliminate the noise<br>from the data.</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The application studied is a cad suite for architects and civil<br>engineers. The architectural design functionality (tekton) supports</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2128914, "type": "text", "content": "# 60 Kamil Toman\n\n\nstructure. The canonic tree is more suitable for logical optimization, apart\nfrom \nother things, because by tree normalization we radically decrease the number\nof \ndi\ufb00erent shapes an XML query tree might have.\n\n\n \n\nSimilarly, the logical optimization usually constitutes of a set of rewriting \nrules. Unlike the previous ones the goal is not to simplify the structure of\nthe \ncanonic tree but to reduce the time needed for the query evaluation. The rules\nare \noften heuristic but the processing time generally should not be much longer if\nthe \nconditions were mispredicted. As an example of such a logical optimization we \ncan mention e.g. invariant motion (a separation and a movement of some parts \nof the query away from a repeatedly evaluated expressions) or constraint\nmotion \n(evaluation of constraints and conditions as soon as possible). The overview\nof \nsuch rewriting rules can be found in [12]. This phase might also include the \nelimination of common subexpressions of the query.\n\n\n \n\nThe logically optimized query tree is then passed to a generator of query \nplans. This module constructs possible procedures of query evaluation and ac- \ncordingly to information supplied by XML repository it chooses the optimal \nplan.\n\n\n \n\nThis plan of query evaluation is consecutively executed by the computation \nengine which makes up the result of the query.\n\n\n3 Query Processing In Other XML Database Systems\n\n\nTree pattern queries or correlated path expressions are the most accented con- \nstructs of XPath and XQuery querying languages. A pattern trees represent- \ning parent-child, ancestor-descendant relations between XML nodes bound with \nsome additional constraints are to be matched against a source XML tree or a \nXML document collection.\n\n\n \n\nThe currently used evaluation techniques use extensive indices built mostly as \ncombinations of structural path summaries [15], value indexing and tree\ntraversal \n(Lore [16]) or identi\ufb01er schemes (XISS [11]). However the storage e\ufb03ciency is \noften not considered in these approaches.\n\n\n \n\nEarlier systems relied on tree traversal techniques and structural indices\nlike \nDataGuides or T-indices which are very ine\ufb03cient when they are stored in the\nex- \nternal memory. These methods have been surpassed with more modern structural \njoins (XISS, eXist [20]) which compose the tree patterns by pairwise matching \nparent-child and ancestor-descendant relations between candidate XML nodes. \nHowever the most commonly used indices used for structural joins can gener- \nally exceed the size of the whole source XML tree not giving any additional \ninformation besides the transitive ancestor-descendant relationship [17].\n\n\n \n\nA few other indexing schemes like SphinX [18] or APEX [19] reduce the size \nof resulting indices by deliberately not covering all necessary information at\nthe \nexpense of generality or guaranteed performance. Though in practice they may \nperform quite well.\n\n\n \n\nA novel approach of processing XML queries is being developed for project \nTimber [9] which is based on a complete and closed algebra named TAX which is\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 144047, "type": "text", "content": "Being based on the return values of extraction operators, the list of\nselection \npredicates has the same length as the list of extraction operators. Any infor- \nmation which can be accessed by the extraction operators is again used for the \nselection of entities.\n\n\n \n\nThus, for example, selection predicates allow the selection of all logical\nmedia \nparts within EMMO \u201cDracula Movies\u201d(see Fig. 1) associating a media pro\ufb01le \nencompassing media data in AVI format, i.e.\n\n\n \n\n$$S e l e c t(H a s M e d i a P r o f i t e V a l u e_{[S},\\dot{e}_{D P T m a\nt^{\\prime}},\\dot{e}V I^{\\prime},\\ =],l m p(e_{m o v i e s}))=\\\\{l_{s a l e\nm}\\\\},$$\n\n\n \n\nyields the logical media part \u201cSalem\u2019s Lot\u201d encompassing two media pro\ufb01les \nwhich both describe the attribute \u201cformat\u201d with value \u201cAVI\u201d within their sets \nof metadata.\n\n\n5.4 Constructors\n\n\nEMMA speci\ufb01es \ufb01ve constructors for EMMOs, i.e. the operators Union, Nest, \nFlatten, Di\ufb00erence, and Intersection. All the constructors take at least one \nEMMO and possibly other parameters as input value, and return exactly one \nEMMO as output value. For example, the Di\ufb00erence operator takes two EMMOs \nand a string value. It creates a new EMMO which is denoted by the speci\ufb01ed \nstring value. The new EMMO\u2019s nodes encompass all entities belonging to the \n\ufb01rst, but not the second EMMO, and additionally the source and target enti- \nties of each association contained within the \ufb01rst EMMO. Otherwise, an EMMO \nconstructed by the Di\ufb00erence operator could encompass incomplete associations \nwithout source or target entity. The remaining properties of the new EMMO, \nsuch as its operations or predecessors sets are speci\ufb01ed as empty set.\nApplying\n\n\nthe Di\ufb00erence operator to the successor EMMO \u201cDracula Movies \u2013 V1\u201d and the \noriginal EMMO \u201cDracula Movies\u201d, generates a new EMMO \u201cNewcomers\u201d (see \nFig. 6) consisting of the logical media parts describing the movies\n\u201cNosferatu\u201d\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1338807, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='111' style='font-size:16px'>Malekzadeh et al. Robotics and Biomimetics 2014, 1:13<br>http://www.jrobio.com/content/1/1/13</header>\n<br><header id='112' style='font-size:16px'>Page 7 of 15</header>\n<p id='113' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>\u2217</p>\n<br><p id='114' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>treating immediate rewards as probabilities of a ficti-<br>tious event, in which case probabilistic inference tech-<br>niques can be used for optimization. They maximize<br>the reward by solving a sequence of probability match-<br>ing problems, where the task parameters are chosen at<br>each step to match a fictitious distribution determined by<br>the average rewards experienced on the previous steps.<br>Although there can be large changes in the task param-<br>eters from one step to the next, there is a guarantee<br>that the average reward is monotonically increasing. From<br>this simple idea, various reward-weighted policy learn-<br>ing approaches emerged [34-38]. Indeed, several research<br>fields converged to similar algorithmic solutions, with<br>approaches such as the cross-entropy method (CEM) [39]<br>or the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy<br>(CMA-ES) [40].</p>\n<br><p id='115' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>One option for implementing such self-refinement is<br>to use an EM-based stochastic optimization algorithm<br>to refine the GMM parameters encoding the movement,<br>similarly as in [18]. The procedure corresponds to an<br>EM algorithm in which the reward signal is treated as a<br>pseudo-likelihood, which can easily be extended to multi-<br>optima policy search [41].</p>\n<br><p id='116' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Another line of research is to explore methodologies<br>that could move toward more structured techniques of<br>exploration. In [42], it was proposed to speed up the<br>search process by redefining it as an iterative reward-<br>weighted regression problem. This is particularly relevant<br>for the subclass of problems in which we have access to<br>the goal or to the highest value that a reward can take (e.g.,<br>reaching the center of a target, be as close as possible to a<br>reference trajectory, etc.).</p>\n<br><p id='117' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In this case, the reward (or objective) is expressed in the<br>form of a vector, and the aim of the optimization is treated<br>as an iterative reward-weighted regression problem in the<br>augmented space formed by the policy parameters and the<br>achieved goals. At each iteration, a Gaussian distribution<br>showing the joint probability is fit to the augmented data<br>containing the best policies and the corresponding goals<br>obtained so far. The input of the regression problem is</p>\n<br><p id='118' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>represented by the desired goal \u03b6 I . The output is a can-<br>didate optimal policy that is tested on the system and that<br>will be associated with the corresponding outcome.</p>\n<br><p id='119' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>An illustrative example of the reward-weighted regres-<br>sion algorithm with 1D policy and goal is shown in<br>Figure 5.<br>(cid:12)</p>\n<br><p id='120' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The augmented data is defined as \u03b6 = \u03b6 I , \u03b6 O . At</p>\n<br><p id='121' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>(cid:13)(cid:5)</p>\n<br><p id='122' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(cid:5) (cid:5)</p>\n<p id='123' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>with<br>each iteration, the ordered set of datapoints \u03b6 M<br>(cid:5) (cid:6)<br>(cid:6)<br>(cid:5)<br>(cid:5) (cid:6)<br>m m =1<br>r \u03b6 (cid:2) r \u03b6 (cid:2) . . . (cid:2) r \u03b6 is used as a form of impor-<br>M<br>1<br>2<br>tance sampling [37] to estimate a Gaussian distribution<br>with parameters</p>\n<br><p id='124' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>(cid:17) (cid:18)</p>\n<p id='125' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>(cid:11) (cid:5) (cid:6)</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 144045, "type": "text", "content": "The choice operator \u201c|\u201d can be used to combine regular path expression as \nalternate versions, e.g.\n\n\n \n\n$$J u m p R i g h t(e_{m o v i e s V l},l_{n o s f e r a t u},o_{i n s p i r\ne}\\left|{\\it o_{r e w o r k}}\\right>=\\left\\\\{l_{s a l e m},l_{h e l s i n\ng}\\right\\\\}.$$\n\n\n \n\nBy adding the operator \u201c\u2212\u201d to a regular path expression, the inversion of the\nreg- \nular path expression, i.e. the change of direction of navigation, can be\nexpressed, \ne.g.\n\n\n \n\n$$J u m p R i g h t(e_{m o v i e s}v_{I},l_{h e l s i n g},o_{r e w o r\nk}-)=\\\\{l_{n o s f e r a t u}\\\\}.$$\n\n\n \n\nTraversal along the opposite direction of associations can also be expressed\nwith \nthe navigational operator JumpLeft, e.g.\n\n\n \n\nJumpLeft(emoviesV1, lhelsing, orework) = JumpRight(emoviesV1, lhelsing,\norework\u2212).\n\n\nFig. 5. EMMO \u201cDracula Movie \u2013 V1\u201d (emovieV 1)\n\n\nNavigational accessors provide the basis for the integration of basic\nontological \nknowledge into queries. For example, the transitivity of association types,\nsuch \nas the transitivity of associations of type \u201cinspire\u201d, can be re\ufb02ected by\nreplac- \ning the navigation path oinspire by the navigation path oinspire+ (see example \nabove). Knowledge about inverse association types, such as the association\ntypes\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3060563, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>are no direct peer nodes classi\ufb01ed at this path but peer nodes with more specialized,<br>or narrowed, music are available. Using a BFS, the algorithm follows this relation<br>and hashes the new path value. Thus $CCEE is looked up in the DHT, here the peer<br>node E is registered, no further SUCC relationships exist.<br>BFS is an uninformed search strategy. It has an exponential complexity. Costs for<br>time and memory are distributed among the number of super-peer nodes sharing<br>the catalog. The number of messages grows with the number of edges passed dur-<br>ing the search. The message routing costs, measured in the number of messages,<br>are O(log N ) \u2217 edges. Since our data structure is based on a tree, other tree search<br>algorithms and its optimizations could be applied as well. Depending on the search<br>goal, e.g. \ufb01nd the top N peer nodes categorized \u201dclose\u201d to my query, iterative deep-<br>ening depth-\ufb01rst search could be used. The implementation of this search strategy<br>is still ongoing work.<br>Intersection-based Lookup In most cases a query consists of two or more taxonomy<br>paths, e.g. query Q3 and query Q4. Consider the query q3=/Node [[Decade/1990]<br>[Style/Latin/Brazil/Bossa Nova]], thus both taxonomy paths<br>$AB55 /Decade/1990</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>AND<br>$EA66 /Style/Latin/Brazil/Bossa Nova</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>must match a pro\ufb01le of a peer. To solve this problem we have to \ufb01nd the intersec-<br>tion I of the object values sets Sj of the corresponding hash keys, thus executing<br>two lookups and computing the intersection. In the following example only peer<br>nodes D, B matches both taxonomy paths:</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='equation'>$$\\begin{array}{l}{{\\mathrm{S}_{8E A66}=(A,B,C,D),\\,\\mathrm{S}_{8A B5}=(B,D);}}\\\\ {{\\mathrm{I}_{S_{8A B5}[\\cdot S_{8E A66}}=(A,B,C,D)\\cap(B,D)=(B,D),}}\\end{array}$$</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The primary challenge in computing the intersection of two sets of peer IDs in<br>a peer to peer environment is limiting the amount of bandwidth used. So far we<br>haven\u2019t implemented a speci\ufb01c strategy for computing remote intersections. Al-<br>though we studied existing research and will give a brief overview of possible<br>strategies: [11] investigated combinations of compression technologies for inter-<br>secting large sets, such as Caching, Bloom Filter, Gap Compression and Adaptive<br>Set Intersection. Their results show that Bloom Filter can reduce the amount of the<br>transferred data by the factor of 50 and when using Adaptive Set and Gap Com-<br>pression by a factor of 40 while caching and pre-computation only reduces by<br>a factor of 1.5-2. Reynolds and Vahdat suggest streaming results to users using<br>incremental intersection [15]. Incremental intersection results are more effective<br>when the \ufb01nal result set is big relative to the intersecting posting sets. Assuming<br>users are usually satis\ufb01ed with only a partial set of matching results, this will al-<br>low savings in communication as users are likely to terminate their queries early.<br>The likelihood that users will terminate their queries early will be increased if the<br>incremental results are prioritized based on a good ranking function. As a rank-<br>ing function in our approach we use the number of mp3 \ufb01les related to a particular<br>path. We believe, a higher number of \ufb01les for a path indicates a strong interest of the</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2275598, "type": "text", "content": "Expert Learning through Generalized Inverse Multiobjective Optimization:\nModels, Insights, and Algorithms\n\n\nTable 2. 11 sectors for the assets\n\n\nFigure 4. The ef\ufb01cient frontier and estimated ef\ufb01cient frontier.\n\n\nmulate such a learning task as an inverse multiobjective op- \ntimization problem, and provide a deep analysis to establish \nthe statistical signi\ufb01cance of the inference results from the \npresented model. We also reveal several fundamental con- \nnections between IMOP, K-means clustering, and manifold \nlearning. We show the effectiveness of our model and the \ncomputational ef\ufb01cacy of algorithms to solve large-scale \nIMOP by extensive numerical experiments.\n\n\n# Acknowledgements\n\n\n \n\nThe authors would like to thank Shi Yu for providing the \nPortfolio data used in this work and the discussion in de- \nsigning the experiment in Section 6.3.\n\n\n# References\n\n\n \n\nAbbeel, P. and Ng, A. Y. Apprenticeship learning via in- \nverse reinforcement learning. In ICML, 2004.\n\n\n \n\nAggarwal, C. C. et al. Recommender systems, volume 1. \nSpringer.\n\n\n \n\nAhuja, R. K. and Orlin, J. B. Inverse optimization. Opera- \ntions Research, 49(5):771\u2013783, 2001.\n\n\n \n\nAloise, D. and Hansen, P. A branch-and-cut sdp- \nbased algorithm for minimum sum-of-squares cluster- \ning. Pesquisa Operacional, 29(3):503\u2013516, 2009.\n\n\nAloise, D., Deshpande, A., Hansen, P., and Popat, P. Np-\n\n\n \n\nhardness of euclidean sum-of-squares clustering. Ma- \nchine learning, 75(2):245\u2013248, 2009.\n\n\n \n\nAmin, K., Jiang, N., and Singh, S. Repeated inverse rein- \nforcement learning. In NIPS. 2017.\n\n\n \n\nArthur, D. and Vassilvitskii, S. k-means++: The advan- \ntages of careful seeding. In Proceedings of the eighteenth \nannual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms, \npp. 1027\u20131035. Society for Industrial and Applied Math- \nematics, 2007.\n\n\n \n\nAswani, A., Shen, Z.-J., and Siddiq, A. Inverse optimiza- \ntion with noisy data. Operations Research, 2018.\n\n\n \n\nBagirov, A. M. Modi\ufb01ed global k-means algorithm for \nminimum sum-of-squares clustering problems. Pattern \nRecognition, 41(10):3192\u20133199, 2008.\n\n\n \n\nB\u00a8armann, A., Pokutta, S., and Schneider, O. Emulating the \nexpert: Inverse optimization through online learning. In \nICML, 2017.\n\n\n \n\nBertsimas, D., Gupta, V., and Paschalidis, I. C. Data-driven \nestimation in equilibrium using inverse optimization. \nMathematical Programming, 153(2):595\u2013633, 2015.\n\n\n \n\nChan, T. C. and Lee, T. Trade-off preservation in inverse \nmulti-objective convex optimization. European Journal \nof Operational Research, 270(1):25\u201339, 2018.\n\n\n \n\nChan, T. C., Craig, T., Lee, T., and Sharpe, M. B. General- \nized inverse multiobjective optimization with application \nto cancer therapy. Operations Research, 62(3):680\u2013695, \n2014.\n\n\nDempster, A. P., Laird, N. M., and Rubin, D. B. Maxi- \nmum likelihood from incomplete data via the em algo- \nrithm. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B \n(Methodological), 39(1):1\u201322, 1977.\n\n\n \n\nDong, C., Chen, Y., and Zeng, B. Generalized inverse op- \ntimization through online learning. In NeurIPS, 2018.\n\n\n \n\nEsfahani, P. M., Sha\ufb01eezadeh-Abadeh, S., Hanasusanto, \nG. A., and Kuhn, D. Data-driven inverse optimization \nwith imperfect information. Mathematical Program- \nming, 167(1):191\u2013234, 2018.\n\n\n \n\nFinn, C., Levine, S., and Abbeel, P. Guided cost learning: \nDeep inverse optimal control via policy optimization. In \nICML, 2016.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 978928, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nFirst create a memory-optimized data filegroup and add a container to the\nfilegroup.\n\n\n \n\nThen create a memory-optimized table.\n\n\n \n\n* You must specify a value for the BUCKET_COUNT parameter when you create the memoryoptimized table. In most cases the bucket count should\n\n\n \n\nbe between 1 and 2 times the number of distinct values in the index key.\n\n\n \n\n* Example:\n\n\n \n\n\\-- create a durable (data will be persisted) memory-optimized table \n\\-- two of the columns are indexed \nCREATE TABLE dbo.ShoppingCart ( \nShoppingCartId INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED, UserId INT NOT NULL\nINDEX ix_UserId NONCLUSTERED HASH WITH \n(BUCKET_COUNT=1000000), \nCreatedDate DATETIME2 NOT NULL, TotalPrice MONEY \n) WITH (MEMORY_OPTIMIZED=ON) \nGO\n\n\nQuestion 208\n\n\n \n\nWhich task should you use with each maintenance step? \nYou need to optimize the index and table structures for POSTransaction. \nWhich task should you use with each maintenance step? To answer, drag the\nappropriate tasks to the correct maintenance steps. Each task may be used \nonce, more than once, or not at all. You may need to drag the split bar\nbetween panes or scroll to view content.\n\n\n \n\nSelect and Place:\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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To improve the efficiency of an EMMO-based system, you're tasked with separating tasks into different sets based on the format and association traversal. Calculate the distinct formats present, and for each, apply the correct constructors to create specific EMMOs that use both direct and inverse navigational paths. How can you implement this optimization?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 894, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3207632, "type": "text", "content": "Materials 2020, 13, 5756\n\n\n \n6 of 22\n\n\nrates around the 70th second indicate a slight material change in the test\nsample, which is probably \ncaused by aging. However, the results obtained (MARHE, HRRpeak) are not\nin\ufb02uenced signi\ufb01cantly. \nThe change of the characteristic of the curve progression is clearly visible\ndue to a local maximum of \nthe red curve (indicating the samples after 33 days) at about 70 s after the\nstart of measurement.\n\n\nFigure 3. Heat release of PP (m = 20 g) produced by injection molding measured\non the day of \nproduction and 33 days later.\n\n\n \n\nFigure 4 displays the di\ufb00erent heat release rates, which were measured on the\nday after production \nand \ufb01nally after day 99. The analyses result on the di\ufb00erent days are the mean\nof three measurements. \nThe diagram shows that the material changes in terms of burning behavior,\nwhich is visible in the \ninitial phase (indicated by red circle in Figure 4) through the change in the\npeak around 100 s after \nthe start of the measurement. As the \ufb01re progresses, the maximum heat release\nrate changes as well, \nwhich is represented by HRRpeak. One possible change in polypropylene is the\naging of the material, \nwhich can undergo post-crystallization through storage [2,3].\n\n\nFigure 4. Heat Release rate of pressed granules of PP (m = 50 g) from the \ufb01rst\nday to day 99.\n\n\nTo check if the degree of crystallization in\ufb02uences the \ufb01re behavior of PP,\ninjection molded \n\u25e6 \nspecimens were stored at 80 C for \ufb01ve days. It was supposed that the\ncrystallinity would rise due to \nthe tempering. This change in crystallinity was veri\ufb01ed by Di\ufb00erential\nScanning Calorimetry (DSC). \nSamples that were tested shortly after production and after \ufb01ve days. To\nindicate the change in \n\u25e6 \ncrystallinity depending on the storing temperature, samples were thermally\nconditioned at 8 C,\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2582275, "type": "text", "content": "# Safety Data Sheet\n\n\n \n\n# x45 Clear\n\n\n \n\n# 10\\. Stability and Reactivity\n\n\n \n\nReactivity\n\n\n \n\nNo hazardous reactions if stored and handled as prescribed/indicated.\n\n\nOxidizing properties: \nnot fire-propagating\n\n\n \n\nChemical stability\n\n\n \n\nThe product is stable if stored and handled as prescribed/indicated.\n\n\n \n\nPossibility of hazardous reactions\n\n\n \n\nThe product is stabilized against spontaneous polymerization prior to\ndespatch. \nThe product can polymerize if the shelf life or storage temperature are\ngreatly exceeded. Heat \ndevelops during polymerization. Reacts with peroxides and other radical\ncomponents.\n\n\n \n\nConditions to avoid\n\n\n \n\nAvoid UV-light and other radiation with high energy. Avoid heat.\n\n\nIncompatible materials\n\n\n \n\nperoxides, oxidizable substances, strong oxidizing agents, free radical\ninitiators, initiators\n\n\n \n\nHazardous decomposition products\n\n\nThermal decomposition: \n189.18 \u00b0C, 4 K/min\n\n\n \n\nDecomposition products: \nHazardous decomposition products: No hazardous decomposition products if\nstored and handled as \nprescribed/indicated.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 565449, "type": "text", "content": "# Max operating ambient temperature (Ta)\n\n\n \n\n# T a 45\u00b0C\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Do not operate the fixture if the ambient temperature (Ta) exceeds 45 \u00b0C\n(113 \u00b0F).\n\n\n# Minimum operating ambient temperature (Ta)\n\n\n \n\n# T a -10\u00b0C\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Do not operate the fixture if the ambient temperature (Ta) is below -10 \u00b0C\n(14 \u00b0F).\n\n\n \n\n# Protection from burns and fire\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 The exterior of the fixture becomes hot during use. Avoid contact by persons\nand \nmaterials. \n\u2022 Ensure that there is free and unobstructed airflow around the fixture. \n\u2022 Keep flammable materials well away from the fixture \n\u2022 Do not expose the front glass to sunlight or any other strong light source\nfrom any an- \ngle. Lenses can focus the sun\u2019s rays inside the fixture, creating a potential\nfire hazard. \n\u2022 Do not attempt to bypass thermostatic switches or fuses.\n\n\n \n\n# Indoor use\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 This product is designed for indoor and dry environments. \n\u2022 Do not use in wet location and do not expose the fixture to rain or\nmoisture. \n\u2022 Never use the fixture in places subject to vibrations or bumps. \n\u2022 Make certain that no inflammable liquids, water or metal objects enter the\nfixture. \n\u2022 Excessive dust, smoke fluid, and particle build up degrades performance,\ncauses \noverheating and will damage the fixture. \n\u2022 Damages caused by inadequate cleaning or maintenance are not covered by the \nproduct warranty.\n\n\n# T c 65\u00b0C\n\n\n \n\n# Temperature of the external surface\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 The surface of the fixture can reach up to 65 \u00b0C (149 \u00b0F) during operation.\nAvoid \ncontact with people and materials.\n\n\n \n\n# Photobiological safety\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 This device emits potentially dangerous optical radiation and is identified\nin the cat- \negory of Risk Group 1 according to EN 62471.\n\n\n \n\n# Maintenance\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Warning! Disconnect the fixture from AC mains power and allow to cool for at\nleast \n10 minutes before handling. \n\u2022 Only technicians who are authorized by PROLIGHTS or Authorised service\npartners \nare permitted to open the fixture. \n\u2022 Users may carry out external cleaning, following the warnings and\ninstructions pro- \nvided, but any service operation not described in this manual must be referred\nto a \nqualified service technician. \n\u2022 Important! Excessive dust, smoke fluid, and particle build up degrades\nperformance, \ncauses overheating and will damage the fixture. Damages caused by inadequate \ncleaning or maintenance is not covered by the product warranty.\n\n\n \n\n# Do not stare at the operating light source\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Do not look directly at the LED source during operation. It can be harmful\nto the eyes \nand skin. \n\u2022 During Installation, operation and maintenance, be prepared for the fixture\nto light \nand move suddenly when connected to power.\n\n\nPROLIGHTS - EclDisplay CC / EclDisplay CCFC\n\n\n \n03\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 17192, "type": "text", "content": "# PROCESS DATA FOR INJECTION MOULDING \nPP GLASS FIBER REINFORCED\n\n\n# D ESCRIPTION\n\n\n \n\n# Polypropylene resin glass fiber reinforced chemically coupled.\n\n\n# P RE DRYING\n\n\n \n\nTo avoid residual humidity from transport or storage, the material should be\npre-dried approximately 2h \n90\u00b0C. Dehumidified air (dessicant) dryer is recommended but simple hot air\ndryers may also be used.\n\n\n# P ROCESSING CONDITIONS1\n\n\n \n\n# Following parameters should be used as guideline:\n\n\nE xcessive melt temperatures may result in thermal degradation and a loss of\nperformance, properties and \naesthetics.\n\n\n# S TORAGE\n\n\n \n\nStore in dry conditions at temperatures below 50\u00b0C and protected from UV-\nlight. Improper storage can \ninitiate degradation, which results in odour generation and colour changes and\ncan have negative effects \non the physical properties of this product.\n\n\n# S AFETY\n\n\n \n\nThe product is not classified as dangerous. For further information refer to\nthe downstream user \ninformation sheet of non-hazardous substances and mixtures in accordance with\nArticle 32 of the EEC \nRegulation 1907/2006 (Reach)3.\n\n\n1 These conditions will depend on the type of equipment used \n2 The heat profile depends on many conditions: barrel size, screw design, rpm,\nresidence time, etc.\n\n\n3 http://www.mepol.com/it/material-safety-data-sheets\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3207633, "type": "text", "content": "Materials 2020, 13, 5756\n\n\n \n7 of 22\n\n\n\u25e6 \u25e6 \nat room temperature (23 C and 50% relative humidity, according to ISO 291\n[32]) and at 80 C. \nThe obtained values for the crystallinity of PP are given in Table 2.\n\n\nTable 2. Degree of Crystallinity of PP after conditioning at various\nparameters.\n\n\nThe given values represent the mean value of three measurements, which were\nobtained across \nthe sample thickness of 4 mm (see Figure 5).\n\n\n \nFigure 5. Positions of DSC-samples over cross section.\n\n\nIt can be seen in Table 2 that none of the storing conditions resulted in a\nsigni\ufb01cant \nchange of crystallinity. Therefore, di\ufb00erences in the burning behavior of PP\nwill not be caused \nby post-crystallization.\n\n\n \n\nThe tempered samples were compared to non-tempered samples using the Cone-\nCalorimeter, \nsince PP is well known to be sensitive for aging. The results of this\ncomparison display only minor \ndi\ufb00erences in heat-stored and non-heat-stored specimens. The slight di\ufb00erence\nbetween the two series \nindicates that there was actually no post-crystallization and no additives\n(e.g., product stabilizers) \nthat had migrated. Since there was no post-crystallization veri\ufb01able, these\nresults correlate with the \nDSC-measurements shown in Table 2. Changes of the curve characteristic may be\ncaused by a loss of \nheat stabilizers or other aging e\ufb00ects that could not be determined.\n\n\n \n\nAs it was seen in Figure 4, the peak at around 100 s (after the start of\nirradiation) presents \ndi\ufb00erences in heat release after one day and 99 days. In Figure 6, the\nmeasurement results of day \n1 (as mean values) and some single results of day 99 and the mean value, shown\nas a grey curve, \nare compared.\n\n\n \n\nSo far, the presented results show that material changes of PP can be detected\nvery sensitively \nwith the cone calorimeter by heat release rate measurements.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3207631, "type": "text", "content": "Materials 2020, 13, 5756\n\n\n \n5 of 22\n\n\n10 participating laboratories, the results of the mean values of 9 test sites\nagree quite well. Thus, it is \ntoday that the results of \ufb01re tests are well secured in international\ncomparison.\n\n\n# 2.4. Di\ufb00erential Scanning Calorimetry\n\n\n \n\nThe example of PP is also used to investigate whether the degree of\ncrystallization in\ufb02uences the \n\ufb01re behavior. This change in crystallinity was veri\ufb01ed by Di\ufb00erential Scanning\nCalorimetry (DSC), \naccording to \u00d6NORM EN ISO 11357-3 [30]. The crystallinity was calculated by\ndetermination of the \nmelting enthalpy in the \ufb01rst heating run, using a heating rate of 20 K/min.\nThe melting enthalpy was \nreferred to a melt enthalpy of a one hundred percent crystallin PP-Homo with\n207 J/g [31].\n\n\n \n\n# 3\\. Results and Discussion\n\n\n3.1. Burning Behavior of Polymeric Materials without Flame Retardant\n\n\n \n\nIn this section, the \ufb01re-related results of the investigation of polypropylene\n(PP) and polyamide \n(PA) are presented. The changes in burning behavior of polypropylene (PP) were\ndetected by cone \ncalorimeter, from the day after production to day 99 stored at room\ntemperature. Furthermore, it is \nshown that di\ufb00erent sample weights cause di\ufb00erent heat release rates, and\ndi\ufb00erent irradiation \nintensities lead to di\ufb00erent ignition times. This physical/chemical\nrelationship is illustrated in \nSection 3.1.2 using the example of polyamide. It is also demonstrated that low\ndensity polyethylene \n(PE-LD) from di\ufb00erent manufacturers cause slightly di\ufb00erent heat release\nrates.\n\n\n# 3.1.1. Aging of Polypropylene (PP)\n\n\n \n\nFor the following tests, PP granulate was pressed with a laboratory press and\nexamined on \ndi\ufb00erent days (one day to up to 99 days) after production. The mass of the\npressed plates was 50 g. \nThe investigations were carried out with the cone calorimeter and the heat\nrelease rate was determined \nas a function of time.\n\n\n \n\nHowever, only plates with a thickness of 2 mm could be processed by injection\nmolding, which \nis the reason why the specimen mass deviates from the pressed samples, with a\nmass of only 20 g. \nHence, lower heat release rates (HRR) were achieved.\n\n\n \n\nFigure 2 shows the slightly di\ufb00erent heat release of three test samples on the\n\ufb01rst day \nafter production. In this case, the test samples were made of pressed granules\n(m = 50 g).\n\n\nFigure 2. Heat release rate (HRR) of three samples of PP (granules were\npressed, m = 50 g) on the \ufb01rst \nday after production.\n\n\nFigure 3 displays the di\ufb00erent heat release rates of PP plates produced by\ninjection molding, which \nwere measured on the day of production and 33 days later. The test samples\nwere stored at room \ntemperature and the mean values of three measurements are shown. Above all,\nthe di\ufb00erent heat release\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 819, "type": "text", "content": "# PVC and Thermoplastic Temperature / Pressure Chart\n\n\n# Effects of Elevated Temperatures on \nPVC / Thermoplastic Hose and Tubing\n\n\n \n\nThermoplastic hose and tubing achieve their optimum physical properties at\nroom temperature, 68\u00b0F (20\u00b0C). As \nthermoplastic materials are exposed to increased ambient temperatures, they\nsoften and their physical properties \nchange. For hose and tubing, heat sharply reduces the available working\npressure and coupling retention. The charts \nbelow illustrate this effect. In all cases, test the product in a controlled,\nsecure and safe environment, and consider all \noperating conditions prior to use.\n\n\n \n\n# Example from the Fahrenheit Chart\n\n\n \n\nIf Working Pressure at 68\u00b0F is 200 PSI, then the WP at \n110\u00b0F is 200 x 50%, or 100 PSI.\n\n\n \n\nExample from the Celsius Chart\n\n\n \n\nIf Working Pressure at 20\u00b0C is 14 bar, then the WP at 50\u00b0C \nis 14 x 40%, or 5.6 bar.\n\n\n \nGuides \nChemical\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1787140, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='21' style='font-size:18px'>\u00a0</h1>\n<br><table id='22' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>T hermal Properties</td><td>Metric</td><td>English</td><td>Comments</td></tr><tr><td>CTE,\u00a0linear\u00a0</td><td>60.0 \u00b5m/m-\u00b0C @Temperature\u00a020.0\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>33.3 \u00b5in/in-\u00b0F @Temperature\u00a068.0\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td>ASTM D696</td></tr><tr><td>Deflection\u00a0Temperature\u00a0at\u00a01.8\u00a0MPa\u00a0(264\u00a0psi)\u00a0</td><td>103\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>217\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td>ASTM D648</td></tr><tr><td>Vicat\u00a0Softening\u00a0Point\u00a0</td><td>113\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>235\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td>1 kg; ASTM D1525</td></tr><tr><td>Annealing\u00a0Point\u00a0 \u00a0</td><td>80.0 - 90.0\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>176 - 194\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td>3-5 hours</td></tr><tr><td>O ptical Properties</td><td>Metric</td><td>English</td><td>Comments</td></tr><tr><td>Refractive\u00a0Index\u00a0</td><td>1.49</td><td>1.49</td><td>ASTM D542</td></tr><tr><td>Haze\u00a0</td><td>0.500 % @Thickness 3.20 mm</td><td>0.500 % @Thickness 0.126 in</td><td>ASTM D1003</td></tr><tr><td>Transmission,\u00a0Visible\u00a0 \u00a0</td><td>93.0 % @Thickness 3.20 mm</td><td>93.0 % @Thickness 0.126 in</td><td>ASTM D1003</td></tr><tr><td>P rocessing Properties</td><td>Metric</td><td>English</td><td>Comments</td></tr><tr><td>Processing\u00a0Temperature\u00a0</td><td>220 - 260\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>428 - 500\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td>Injection molding cylinder temperature</td></tr><tr><td>Mold\u00a0Temperature\u00a0</td><td>70.0 - 80.0\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>158 - 176\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Drying\u00a0Temperature\u00a0</td><td>80.0 - 90.0\u00a0\u00b0C</td><td>176 - 194\u00a0\u00b0F</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dry\u00a0Time\u00a0</td><td>4 - 6 hour</td><td>4 - 6 hour</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Injection\u00a0Pressure\u00a0</td><td>78.45 - 147.1 MPa</td><td>11380 - 21340 psi</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Some of the values displayed above may have been converted from their original units and/or rounded in order to display the information in a consistent format. Users requiring more precise data for scientific or<br>engineering calculations can click on the property value to see the original value as well as raw conversions to equivalent units. We advise that you only use the original value or one of its raw conversions in your<br>calculations to minimize rounding error. We also ask that you refer to MatWeb's terms of use regarding this information. Click here to view all the property values for this datasheet as they were originally entered into<br>MatWeb.</p>\n<footer id='24' style='font-size:20px'>MatWeb, Your Source for Materials Information - WWW.MATWEB.COM /</footer>\n<br><footer id='25' style='font-size:20px'>Page 2 / 2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3207657, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='61' style='font-size:14px'>Materials 2020, 13, 5756</header>\n<br><header id='62' style='font-size:14px'>6 of 22</header>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>rates around the 70th second indicate a slight material change in the test sample, which is probably<br>caused by aging. However, the results obtained (MARHE, HRRpeak) are not in\ufb02uenced signi\ufb01cantly.<br>The change of the characteristic of the curve progression is clearly visible due to a local maximum of<br>the red curve (indicating the samples after 33 days) at about 70 s after the start of measurement.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='64' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(272,328); bottom-right:(970,666)\" /></figure>\n<p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 3. Heat release of PP (m = 20 g) produced by injection molding measured on the day of<br>production and 33 days later.</p>\n<br><p id='66' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Figure 4 displays the di\ufb00erent heat release rates, which were measured on the day after production<br>and \ufb01nally after day 99. The analyses result on the di\ufb00erent days are the mean of three measurements.<br>The diagram shows that the material changes in terms of burning behavior, which is visible in the<br>initial phase (indicated by red circle in Figure 4) through the change in the peak around 100 s after<br>the start of the measurement. As the \ufb01re progresses, the maximum heat release rate changes as well,<br>which is represented by HRRpeak. One possible change in polypropylene is the aging of the material,<br>which can undergo post-crystallization through storage [2,3].</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='67' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(215,982); bottom-right:(1019,1406)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='68' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 4. Heat Release rate of pressed granules of PP (m = 50 g) from the \ufb01rst day to day 99.</caption>\n<p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>To check if the degree of crystallization in\ufb02uences the \ufb01re behavior of PP, injection molded<br>\u25e6<br>specimens were stored at 80 C for \ufb01ve days. It was supposed that the crystallinity would rise due to<br>the tempering. This change in crystallinity was veri\ufb01ed by Di\ufb00erential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).<br>Samples that were tested shortly after production and after \ufb01ve days. To indicate the change in<br>\u25e6<br>crystallinity depending on the storing temperature, samples were thermally conditioned at 8 C,</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3207629, "type": "text", "content": "Materials 2020, 13, 5756\n\n\n \n3 of 22\n\n\nTable 1. Speci\ufb01cation of materials.\n\n\n# 2.1. Sample Preparation\n\n\n \n\nThe granulate was produced to plates with a vacuum laboratory press P200PV\n(Collin GmbH, \n\u25e6 \nMaitenbeth, Germany) at about 170 C for about 60 min (pressing pressure about\n150 bar). In order to \ninvestigate if the manufacturing process has an e\ufb00ect on the heat release, the\nplates were manufactured \nby pressing and injection molding. Injection molding was performed with an\nelectric injection molding \nmachine (EM1600/350, Battenfeld, Kottingbrunn, Austria), with a plate tool.\nThe injection pressure \nwas on the order of 700 bar and a holding pressure of 250 bar was applied for\n5 s. The specimen \ngeometry was comparable to the pressed plates, with dimensions of 120 mm \u00d7 120\nmm \u00d7 2 mm. \n\u25e6 \u25e6 \nProcessing temperature for PP was in the range of 220 C and mold temperature\nwas 40 C.\n\n\n2.2. Determination of the Fire Behavior\n\n\n \n\nThe heat release measurements (HRR) were made with the cone calorimeter\naccording to ISO \n5660-1 [1], in which the material can be irradiated with an intensity of 25\nkW/m2 to 100 kW/m2 \nand the resulting gases are ignited with an electrical ignition spark. The\nused cone calorimeter was\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If the polypropylene resin begins to thermally degrade at 110°C, calculate the margin of error allowed in maintaining the prescribed drying conditions of 90°C ±5°C to ensure no thermal degradation occurs, and propose additional safety measures if the ambient storage temperature reaches 60°C due to an unexpected heatwave.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 898, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2429448, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='31' style='font-size:14px'>Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 565</header>\n<br><header id='32' style='font-size:14px'>15 of 19</header>\n<p id='33' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>36. DeKelver, R.C.; Choi, V.M.; Moehle, E.A.; Paschon, D.E.; Hockemeyer, D.; Meijsing, S.H.; Sancak, Y.; Cui, X.; Steine, E.J.; Miller, J.C.;<br>et al. Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Regulatory DNA Analysis in Isogenic Settings Using Zinc Finger Nuclease-Driven<br>Transgenesis into a Safe Harbor Locus in the Human Genome. Genome Res. 2010, 20, 1133\u20131142. [CrossRef] [PubMed]<br>37. Hockemeyer, D.; Soldner, F.; Beard, C.; Gao, Q.; Mitalipova, M.; DeKelver, R.C.; Katibah, G.E.; Amora, R.; Boydston, E.A.;<br>Zeitler, B.; et al. Ef\ufb01cient Targeting of Expressed and Silent Genes in Human ESCs and IPSCs Using Zinc-Finger Nucleases. Nat.<br>Biotechnol. 2009, 27, 851\u2013857. [CrossRef]<br>38. Zou, J.; Maeder, M.L.; Mali, P.; Pruett-Miller, S.M.; Thibodeau-Beganny, S.; Chou, B.-K.; Chen, G.; Ye, Z.; Park, I.-H.; Daley, G.Q.;<br>et al. Gene Targeting of a Disease-Related Gene in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem and Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell<br>2009, 5, 97\u2013110. [CrossRef] [PubMed]<br>39. Didigu, C.A.; Wilen, C.B.; Wang, J.; Duong, J.; Secreto, A.J.; Danet-Desnoyers, G.A.; Riley, J.L.; Gregory, P.D.; June, C.H.; Holmes,<br>M.C.; et al. Simultaneous Zinc-Finger Nuclease Editing of the HIV Coreceptors Ccr5 and Cxcr4 Protects CD4+ T Cells from HIV-1<br>Infection. Blood 2014, 123, 61\u201369. [CrossRef]<br>40. Gupta, R.K.; Abdul-Jawad, S.; McCoy, L.E.; Mok, H.P.; Peppa, D.; Salgado, M.; Martinez-Picado, J.; Nijhuis, M.; Wensing, A.M.J.;<br>Lee, H.; et al. HIV-1 Remission Following CCR5\u220632/\u220632 Haematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation. Nature 2019, 568, 244\u2013248.<br>[CrossRef]<br>41. Schornack, S.; Meyer, A.; R\u00f6mer, P.; Jordan, T.; Lahaye, T. 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Cho R. 2013 Phosphorus: essential to life \u2013 are we running out? State \nof the Planet, Earth Institute, Columbia University. See https://blogs. \nei.columbia.edu/2013/04/01/phosphorus-essential-to-life-are-we- \nrunning-out/ (accessed 18 March 2021). \n27\\. Poore J, Nemecek T. 2018 Reducing food\u2019s environmental impacts \nthrough producers and consumers. Science 360, 987\u2013992. \n(doi:10.1126/science.aaq0216) \n28\\. World Economic Forum. 2019 Meat: the future series. Alternative \nproteins. See http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_White_Paper_ \nAlternative_Proteins.pdf (accessed 10 March 2021). \n29\\. Clune S, Crossin E, Verghese K. 2017 Systematic review of greenhouse \ngas emissions for different fresh food categories. Journal of Cleaner \nProduction 140, 766\u2013783. (doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.082) \n30\\. Springmann M et al. 2018 Options for keeping the food system within \nenvironmental limits. Nature 562, 519\u2013525. (doi:10.1038/s41586-018- \n0594-0) \n31\\. 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See https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516648 \n(accessed 10 March 2021). \n35\\. Martinez-Porchas M, Martinez-Cordova LR. 2012 World aquaculture: \nenvironmental impacts and troubleshooting alternatives. The Scientific \nWorld Journal 2012, 1\u20139. (doi:10.1100/2012/389623) \n36\\. Costello C et al. 2020 The future of food from the sea. Nature 588, \n95\u2013100. (doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2616-y) \n37\\. Parodi A et al. 2018 The potential of future foods for sustainable and \nhealthy diets. Nat Sustain 1, 782\u2013789. (doi:10.1038/s41893-018-0189-7) \n38\\. Cattaneo A, S\u00e1nchez MV, Torero M, Vos R. 2021 Reducing food loss \nand waste: five challenges for policy and research. Food Policy 98, \n101974\\. (doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2020.101974) \n39\\. Patra D, Leisnham PT, Tanui CK, Pradhan AK. 2020 Evaluation of global \nresearch trends in the area of food waste due to date labeling using \na scientometrics approach. Food Control 115, 107307. 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Watson A et al. 2018 Speed breeding is a powerful tool to accelerate \ncrop research and breeding. Nature Plants 4, 23\u201329. (doi:10.1038/ \ns41477-017-0083-8) \n54\\. Fitzer SC et al. 2019 Selectively bred oysters can alter their \nbiomineralization pathways, promoting resilience to environmental \nacidification. Global Change Biology 25, 4105-4115. (doi:10.1111/gcb.14818) \n55\\. Cassandro M. 2020 Animal breeding and climate change, mitigation \nand adaptation. J Anim Breed Genet 137, 121\u2013122. (doi:10.1111/jbg.12469) \n56\\. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 2020 Press release: the \nNobel Prize in Chemistry 2020. See https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/ \nchemistry/2020/press-release/ (accessed 11 March 2021). \n57\\. Zhang D, Zhang Z, Unver T, Zhang B. 2020 CRISPR/Cas: a powerful \ntool for gene function study and crop improvement. Journal of \nAdvanced Research. (doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.10.003)\n\n\nCLIMATE CHANGE : SCIENCE AND SOLUTIONS NOURISHING TEN BILLION SUSTAINABLY\n\n\n \n11\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1335027, "type": "text", "content": "Given that 75% \nof the world\u2019s \nfood is generated \nfrom only 12 \nplants and five \nanimal species64, \nresearchers \nhave also been \nexamining the \nscope for genetic \nimprovements \nto so-called \n\u2018orphan\u2019 crops \nsuch as millet \nand grass pea \nwhich can provide \nhighly resilient \nand nutritious \nprotein, which are \ncurrently mainly \nrestricted to \ncertain regions65.\n\n\n \n\nSelective breeding also offers an adaptation \nstrategy in aquaculture. For example, Sydney \nrock oysters that had been bred for fast growth \nand disease resistance were able to improve \nshell growth to overcome ocean acidification54.\n\n\nResearchers are also studying possibilities \nfor breeding livestock in ways that reduce \nemissions. For example, breeding for improved \nefficiency enables overall animal numbers to be \nreduced; one estimate suggested a fall of 8% in \nemissions might be achieved in this way55.\n\n\nGene editing has also undergone a \ntransformation in the last decade with the \navailability of the Nobel Prize winning CRISPR/ \nCas9 \u2018genetic scissors\u201956 that can enhance traits \nincluding pathogen resistance, abiotic tolerance, \nplant development and morphology57. New \ntechnologies based on CRISPR/Cas9, such as \ngene drive, which passes a modification through \na population, offer novel prospects for pest \ncontrol to replace broad-spectrum insecticides, \nprovided their safety and acceptability to society \ncan be demonstrated58.\n\n\nA number of scientists working in this area have \nproposed that genetic modifications to our food \nsupply \u2013 whether by genome editing or by \ngene transfer \u2013 need to be regulated along the \nlines of the outcomes they produce and not the \ntechnology used to make the change59, 60.\n\n\n \n\nThere are numerous examples where genetic \nmodifications to crops have had environmental \nbenefits. For example, more than 90% of cotton \nplanted in the US, India, China, Australia and \nSouth Africa now consists of GM varieties with \ninsect-resistant Bt toxin genes. Hawaii\u2019s papaya \nindustry has been revitalised by adding a gene \nto the plant that enables it to resist the ringspot \nvirus61. The use of GM has contributed to \nsustainable intensification and thus to reduced \nGHG emissions62. The opportunities to enhance \ncrop resilience to environmental change and \nto reduce the impact of agriculture on the \nenvironment are substantial.\n\n\nOne active area of research is a programme to \ndetermine whether the capacity of legumes to \ntake nitrogen from the air \u2013 nitrogen fixing \u2013 can \nbe genetically transferred to cereals, averting \nthe need for commercial nitrogen fertilisers \namong the world\u2019s many cereal farmers63.\n\n\nGiven that 75% of the world\u2019s food is generated \nfrom only 12 plants and five animal species64 \n(see Figure 1), researchers have also been \nexamining the scope for genetic improvements \nto so-called \u2018orphan\u2019 crops such as millet and \ngrass pea which can provide highly resilient and \nnutritious protein, which are currently mainly \nrestricted to certain regions65.\n\n\n8\n\n\n \nCLIMATE CHANGE : SCIENCE AND SOLUTIONS NOURISHING TEN BILLION SUSTAINABLY\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 167087, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>pharmacogentics and drugs; vaccines; and diagnostics research to address the challenges of<br>communicable diseases, namely malaria, tuberculosis and HIV. 3</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>I n the energy sector, biofuels are creating great interest and to an extent, so are biotechnology<br>applications based on South Africa\u2019s local biodiversity. In the agricultural and food security arena,<br>genetically modified crops and foods have increased in importance and application.</p>\n<h1 id='45' style='font-size:20px'>Global context</h1>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>On the international front, the Human Genome Project has made a significant impact on the<br>advancement of genomics globally, and as a consequence, has resulted in major impacts in respect of<br>practices and production processes that are based on living organisms. Even though the human genome<br>project was said to be complete in 2003, it will take much time to determine and map the 28 000 to 35<br>000 genes identified and to understand how they interact with one another. The project has generated<br>an unprecedented amount of knowledge about human genetics and health. This is made evident by the<br>proliferation of genomics research clusters globally. Although the US leads in biotechnology research,<br>there are excellent scientific groups in the developing world, including Cuba and Brazil in Latin America,<br>as well as China, Korea and India in Asia.</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Biotechnology in the health sector is expected to continue delivering incremental changes at least for the<br>next five years. This is based on the preliminary analysis of global clinical trials which indicate that an<br>average of 15 new biopharmaceuticals will be introduced into the market annually up until 2015. While<br>biopharmaceuticals have historically offered a significant therapeutic advantage over small molecule<br>therapeutics, they will continue to account for a relatively small share (approximately 14%) of all new<br>pharmaceuticals. Despite this, in years to come, biotechnological knowledge will be so pervasive, for<br>example for the identification of drug targets, that all new therapies could be based in part on<br>biotechnology.</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>In agriculture, the use of biotechnology techniques, including both genetically modified (GM) cultivation<br>and marker assisted selection (MAS), is a major success story even though many governments have been<br>reluctant to support these applications. The share of all crops planted that use biotechnology has been<br>rising rapidly over the past 10 years and this trend will likely continue into the future. If it does, well<br>before 2030, all major food crop varieties will have been developed using some form of biotechnology<br>and these crops could account for approximately half of the global output of food, feed and feedstock<br>crops. In some respects, genetic engineering is not much different from other types of genetic<br>manipulation that are routinely carried out to create organisms with desirable characteristics. After all,<br>conventional plant breeding also involves the controlled transfer between organisms of genes that code<br>for economically valuable traits. Where genetic engineering differs from conventional breeding,<br>however, is in allowing genes to be transferred more easily across taxonomic boundaries. With genetic<br>engineering, genes can be transferred not only between closely related organisms (for example, when a<br>gene coding for disease resistance is transferred from a wheat plant to a rice plant), but also between<br>completely different organisms (for example, when a gene coding for cold tolerance is transferred from a<br>fish to a strawberry plant). In conventional breeding, biological reproductive processes impose limits on<br>genetic recombination by erecting barriers against the successful crossing between biologically distinct</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>3<br>Ernst and Young South African Biotech Review: Discussions with industry stakeholders</p>\n<footer id='50' style='font-size:20px'>Page | 5</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3228346, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>year\u2019s Oxford Farming Conference Department of Food, Environment and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)<br>secretary of state George Eustice made it clear that gene editing has the potential to unlock substantial<br>benefits to nature, the environment while also helping farmers to produce healthier and more<br>nutritious food. The Minister also used the occasion of his speech to launch a public consultation<br>process on gene editing.</p>\n<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>M exican farmers resist government\u2019s attempt to ban GM cotton</p>\n<br><h1 id='52' style='font-size:14px'>(Alliance for Science)</h1>\n<br><p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Though genetically modified (GM) cotton has been safely cultivated in Mexico at a commercial scale<br>more for than 20 years, the government is jeopardizing the future of the nation\u2019s textile industry by<br>restricting new approvals of GM seeds. Cotton farmers are fighting back. They\u2019ve started to organize<br>and demand access to GM cotton seeds through the Comite Nacional Sistema Producto Algodon<br>(National Committee on the Cotton Product System). The push-back began after the United States<br>Department of Agriculture\u2019s Global Agricultural Information Network (USDA-GAIN) recently reported<br>that SEMARNAT has not approved any GM cotton seed planting permits since 2019. The agency cited<br>concerns about the possibility of GM varieties intermixing with traditional wild cotton populations<br>found in the south of the country. However, these wild varieties are not found in the north, where the<br>majority of commercial cotton is grown. The permit rejections have had significant ramifications for<br>cotton planting in Mexico, as producers now can access only a few outdated GM seed varieties that<br>are not compatible with all growing areas and result in poor yields and ineffective pest protection.<br>This is creating a highly uncertain situation for the country\u2019s cotton farmers and textile producers.</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>C RISPR poised to deliver dramatic benefits in fighting hunger and disease in Africa</p>\n<br><p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>(GLP)</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>In Africa, hunger and starvation are rapidly accelerating. Economic issues and dramatic weather<br>changes resulted in over 20% of the population experiencing long-term hunger. A company, Calyxt,<br>became the first to commercially debut a CRISPR gene-edited food, a soybean oil that is healthier for<br>the body. Calyno, as the oil is known, marks a critical phase in gene modification. The time has finally<br>arrived where it is possible to make foods that not only have been genetically altered to improve crop<br>yield but food that is both tastier and healthier than standard crops. Other genetically modified crops<br>were made more accessible through CRISPR, such as rice and other grains that are more resistant to<br>pesticides and insects.</p>\n<h1 id='57' style='font-size:20px'>N ew Research</h1>\n<h1 id='58' style='font-size:16px'>C hronoculture, harnessing the circadian clock to improve crop yield and sustainability</h1>\n<br><h1 id='59' style='font-size:14px'>(Science Mag)</h1>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1335040, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Given that 75%<br>of the world\u2019s<br>food is generated<br>from only 12<br>plants and five<br>animal species64,<br>researchers<br>have also been<br>examining the<br>scope for genetic<br>improvements<br>to so-called<br>\u2018orphan\u2019 crops<br>such as millet<br>and grass pea<br>which can provide<br>highly resilient<br>and nutritious<br>protein, which are<br>currently mainly<br>restricted to<br>certain regions65.</p>\n<br><p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Selective breeding also offers an adaptation<br>strategy in aquaculture. For example, Sydney<br>rock oysters that had been bred for fast growth<br>and disease resistance were able to improve<br>shell growth to overcome ocean acidification54.</p>\n<p id='91' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Researchers are also studying possibilities<br>for breeding livestock in ways that reduce<br>emissions. For example, breeding for improved<br>efficiency enables overall animal numbers to be<br>reduced; one estimate suggested a fall of 8% in<br>emissions might be achieved in this way55.</p>\n<p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Gene editing has also undergone a<br>transformation in the last decade with the<br>availability of the Nobel Prize winning CRISPR/<br>Cas9 \u2018genetic scissors\u201956 that can enhance traits<br>including pathogen resistance, abiotic tolerance,<br>plant development and morphology57. New<br>technologies based on CRISPR/Cas9, such as<br>gene drive, which passes a modification through<br>a population, offer novel prospects for pest<br>control to replace broad-spectrum insecticides,<br>provided their safety and acceptability to society<br>can be demonstrated58.</p>\n<p id='93' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>A number of scientists working in this area have<br>proposed that genetic modifications to our food<br>supply \u2013 whether by genome editing or by<br>gene transfer \u2013 need to be regulated along the<br>lines of the outcomes they produce and not the<br>technology used to make the change59, 60.</p>\n<br><p id='94' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>There are numerous examples where genetic<br>modifications to crops have had environmental<br>benefits. For example, more than 90% of cotton<br>planted in the US, India, China, Australia and<br>South Africa now consists of GM varieties with<br>insect-resistant Bt toxin genes. Hawaii\u2019s papaya<br>industry has been revitalised by adding a gene<br>to the plant that enables it to resist the ringspot<br>virus61. The use of GM has contributed to<br>sustainable intensification and thus to reduced<br>GHG emissions62. The opportunities to enhance<br>crop resilience to environmental change and<br>to reduce the impact of agriculture on the<br>environment are substantial.</p>\n<p id='95' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>One active area of research is a programme to<br>determine whether the capacity of legumes to<br>take nitrogen from the air \u2013 nitrogen fixing \u2013 can<br>be genetically transferred to cereals, averting<br>the need for commercial nitrogen fertilisers<br>among the world\u2019s many cereal farmers63.</p>\n<p id='96' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Given that 75% of the world\u2019s food is generated<br>from only 12 plants and five animal species64<br>(see Figure 1), researchers have also been<br>examining the scope for genetic improvements<br>to so-called \u2018orphan\u2019 crops such as millet and<br>grass pea which can provide highly resilient and<br>nutritious protein, which are currently mainly<br>restricted to certain regions65.</p>\n<footer id='97' style='font-size:14px'>8</footer>\n<br><footer id='98' style='font-size:14px'>CLIMATE CHANGE : SCIENCE AND SOLUTIONS NOURISHING TEN BILLION SUSTAINABLY</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 198977, "type": "text", "content": "# Should we make attempts to change the human genome?\n\n\nF ollowing the announcement of the birth of the twin girls who had their\ngenomes \nmodified to decrease their susceptibility to HIV infection, the discussion on\nwhether the \nhuman genome ought to be modified was brought to light. After the disaster of\nselecting \nonly babies considered ideal to grow up in Germany during World War II, are \ngovernments actually willing to allow embryos to be altered to have certain\ndesired \ncharacteristics? This long debate relating science and ethics will be delved\ninto in this \nessay, and many different perspectives will be raised to question the\npossibility of a \nworldwide consensus on this topic.\n\n\nD ue to all the scientific and technological advances of the past few decades, \nchanging the human genome has become a possibility. With the discovery of\nrestriction \nendonucleases and their possible uses, as well as the greater understanding of\nthe structure \nand functions of the human DNA, and more recently with the new CRISPR-Cas9 \ntechnology that has been revolutionising genetic engineering, this can now be\nconsidered \na reality. And advances in this growing field will surely continue in the near\nfuture, as it \nhas multiple significant applications in many fields, particularly in\nmedicine.\n\n\n \n\nM odifying a genome nowadays is something that can be achieved relatively \nrapidly. Firstly, the gene of interest to be altered has to be thoroughly\nresearched. \nSequencing the nucleic acid sequence, for example with next generation\nsequencing, \nfollowed by bioinformatics analysis is crucial for identifying the change that\nwill lead to \nthe aimed outcome. Secondly, a new artificially made gene can be created, then\namplified \nby polymerase chain reaction and placed into a vector, which is usually a\nbacterial \nplasmid, a bacteriophage or a yeast artificial chromosome. This vector is then\noften \ninserted into a liposome, an artificial cell, and then put into the organism,\nwhere it will \nenter a cell and, hopefully have the desired effect.\n\n\nT he method described is carried out regularly in somatic gene modification,\nwhich \nhas a multitude of medical uses. However, this is only temporary, so patients\nneed this to \nregularly occur, as their cells will die and be replaced with new ones, which\ndo not contain \nthe desired mutation. One current example is the use of this technology in the\ntreatment \nof cystic fibrosis and sickled cell anaemia. In both cases, the patients have\nlife-long \nconditions caused by mutations, and the insertion of cells without these\ndisastrous \nmutations greatly improves their lifestyle, besides having been proven a\nmedical success. \nPerhaps in these cases, for a better lifestyle, the continuous treatment is\ngreatly beneficial.\n\n\n \n\nC RISPR-Cas9 technology is being highly researched and it does seem to bring a \nnew hope for the future. CRISPR-Cas9 is a nuclease system which is RNA guided.\nIt was \nfirst discovered in E. coli over three decades ago, and now these nuclease\nsystems have \nbeen identified in many bacteria and archaea. This scientific breakthrough\nallows genome \nediting to be programmed, and it seems as though rapid genomic modifications\nwill come \nas a result of such technology very soon. Not only can it aid in disease\ntreatment, but also \nin agriculture and research.\n\n\n \n\nA dditionally, in light of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, possibly using this \ntechnology to decrease susceptibility to infection by this disease could have\nprofound \neffects. Some of the vaccines recently developed against this new coronavirus\nused\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2875675, "type": "text", "content": "Click Here & Upgrade \nExpanded Features \nUnlimited Pages \nDocuments\n\n\n \n\n# PDF\n\n\n \n\n# Complete\n\n\nsurpluses will be competing in fewer markets. This is taking place in a\nbackground \nwhere the share of industrialized countries in the World export of food\nproducts \nincreased from about 45 percent in the early 1960s to about 68 percent in the\nearly \n1980s (FAO, 2000).\n\n\nAnother anticipated consequence of the application of biotechnology is\nacceleration in \nthe trend towards further industrialization of agriculture, for which many of\nthe \nsmaller and less developed countries are not sufficiently prepared. This is a\nmajor \nchallenge to developing countries, because, even though biotechnologically\nmodified \nvarieties, breeds and micro organisms may be used with equal success in small\nand \nlarge scale agriculture, economies of scale in marketing and processing and\nability to \ntake risks and to invest favour adoption first and foremost by larger\nproducers \n(Fowler, 2000).\n\n\n \n\n# ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS\n\n\nNotwithstanding the high potentials of biotechnology for development, the\ngenetic \nmanipulation of crops and livestock using genes from unrelated organisms and\nthe \npossible implications for biosafety and human health have raised ethical\nissues \n(Shumba-Mnyulwa, Chikowore and Mugwagwa 2004). There is a global debate on \nthe implications of patenting life forms a practice being advocated for and\nlegitimized \nby developed countries. Developing countries argue that patenting of genes and\nthe \nmaterials they contain, as the essence of life cannot be owned, as this is\nunethical. \nOwnership and control of biodiversity should be in the hands of farmers and \ncommunities because if they lose ownership of seeds and plants, companies will \ndecide, what to produce, how to produce and the amount to be produced.\n\n\nMost developing countries do not allow the patenting of plants, animals or\ntheir \ngenetic component generally because of their importance in the food supply.\nOthers, \nhowever, see the use of patents as one of the necessary mechanisms to\nstimulate \ntechnology development (Stokes, 1998). Developing countries believe that\nWestern \nstyle IPRs are inadequate in protecting the rights of local and indigenous\ncommunities \nbecause there should be no patenting of life-forms at all, including\ntraditional \nknowledge. Traditional knowledge and IPRs are incompatible systems because the \nformer is for open access and collective rights, while the latter is for\nexclusive access \nand individual rights. Subjecting traditional rights to IPRs the \u201ctraditional\u201d\naspect of \nthat knowledge system will be lost. The developing countries further consider\nthat its \nunfair that genetic material which peasant and indigenous people have kept\nalive, \ncared for and protected for more than 10, 000 years could be property of\ncorporate \nbusiness.\n\n\nDifferences in perspectives on the usefulness and exploitation of\nbiotechnology \nemanate from the level of agricultural and economic development, the level of \nresearch and technology capability, the form and mechanics of transfer of\ntechnology \nand the availability of appropriate regulations and the mode of their\nimplementation \nShumba-Mnyulwa, Chikowore and Mugwagwa 2004). Several technical and legal \nproblems related to biosafety and patenting of living organisms and their\ngenetic \nmaterials remain unresolved. The definition of protected subject matter as it\napplies \nto biological material is still evolving and is far from being fixed, and in\nmany \ncountries a policy debate on this matter is under way. Specific legal\nprovisions in the\n\n\n71\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2542784, "type": "text", "content": "pounds from outside sources, while others are discovered internally. Internal\ntech- \nnology is obviously much simpler to control. In Abbott\u2019s case, most of the new \nPGR compounds are brought in from other places as a result of focused efforts\nto \nfind new technology for development. Researchers, sales and marketing person- \nnel, and full-time acquisition specialists all share the responsibility for\nfinding \nnew prospect PGRs. After a new PGR is identified, a company like Abbott must \nfirst determine if the lead is potentially available, and then, if it has\nsufficient \nvalue to warrant acquisition or in-licensing efforts. Once a PGR passes an\ninitial \nscreening process and is approved for potential development, a coordinated\nchain \nof events is initiated throughout the company\u2019s organization to accelerate\nwork \non the project. Field R&D; creates a comprehensive research plan for the PGR\nthat \ncontains development goals. The scope of the research program increases sig- \nnificantly after the first research year, provided results are favorable.\nUniversity \nand government scientists are generally brought into the research programs\nafter \na year or two of in-house testing. At predetermined control points in the\ndevelop- \nment process, go/no go decisions are made based on reviews of research data, \nbusiness plans, and regulatory progress.\n\n\n \n\n# 690\n\n\n \n\nDevelopment of New PGRs from a University Perspective\n\n\n \n\nDuane W. Greene*; Dept. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Massachusetts, \nAmherst, MA 01003\n\n\n \n\nPlant growth regulators that are made available to University researchers usu- \nally come with an indication of biological activity, based upon in-house work\nby \nchemical companies. Often a practical use of the PGR is suggested. The PRG is \napplied at a range of concentrations at a timing that is appropriate to get\nthe \ndesired response. Undesirable side effects are noted. Follow up experiments\nare \ndesigned, usually altering concentration, time of application, or formulation,\nto \nmaximize a response or to overcome and alleviate undesirable side effects. If\nthe \nPGR is labeled, refinements for its use and grower recommendations are pre- \npared. Critical in the development process is communication and interaction \namong researchers and industry personnel. This is exemplified by the exchange \nof ideas, sharing of data, and brain-storming that has occurred over the past\n25 \nyears at the Northeast Plant Growth Regulator Working Group meetings. Budget \nreductions and down sizing of programs at the University have forced research- \ners to depend more upon grant-in-aid support from companies. Several case \nstudies will be presented to show the commercial development of some PGRs, \nincluding: Accel, cultar, Apogee, and ReTain. The evolving role of researches\nin \nthe development of PGRs will be discussed.\n\n\n143 WORKSHOP 20 (Abstr. 691\u2013693) \nUnderpublicized, Underutilized, and Inno- \nvative Plant Tissue Culture Techniques \nWednesday, 26 July, 10:00 a.m.\u201312:00 noon\n\n\n691 \nObtaining Shoot Explants From Softwood Shoots Forced \nFrom Large Stem Segments of Woody Plants\n\n\n \n\nJohn E. Preece*; Department of Plant, Soil and General Agriculture, Southern \nIllinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901-4415\n\n\n \n\nSoftwood shoots can be forced from sections of branches of trees or from \nbasal stems of shrubs by cutting into 40-cm lengths and placing these seg- \nments horizontally in flats filled with perlite. We have had our best success\nusing \nstems that are >1.5 cm in diameter. Although the best environment that we have \nfound for producing the most and longest softwood shoots is under intermittent \nmist, this is unacceptable for producing explants because of microbial\ncontami- \nnation. Rather, for micropropagation, watering must be done two to three times\na \nday and care must be taken to avoid water spray onto the stem segments or the \nsubsequent softwood growth. Irrigation can be by hand or by using drip irriga- \ntion. For trees, using the basal portions of large branches allows for\nselection of \nshoots from within the \u201ccone of juvenility.\u201d Theoretically, these should\npropa- \ngate better than shoots taken from the outer, more adult portions. Although\nlate \nwinter through spring are the best times for forcing, some shoots will grow if\nthe \nstem sections are harvested nearly any time of the year, except for October\nthrough \nDecember in southern Illinois.\n\n\n \n\n692\n\n\n \n\nPlant Embryo Culture Techniques and Applications \nMark P. Bridgen*; Dept. of Plant Science, Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT\n06269\n\n\n \n\nTraditional and biotechnological breeding techniques are being united to de- \nvelop exciting new plants and to improve existing cultivated plants by\nintroducing \nnatural variability from germplasm resources. Intervarietal, interspecific and\ninterge- \nneric crosses can be accomplished by using plant embryo culture techniques,\nsome- \ntimes also referred to as embryo rescue. Embryo culture involves the isolation\nand \ngrowth of immature or mature zygotic embryos under sterile conditions on an\nasep- \ntic nutrient medium with the goal of obtaining a viable plant. The technique\ndepends \non isolating the embryo without injury, formulating a suitable nutrient\nmedium, and \ninducing continued embryogenic growth and seedling formation. The culture of\nim- \nmature embryos is used to rescue embryos from hybrid crosses that were once \nthought to be incompatible because they would normally abort or not undergo\nthe \nprogressive sequence of ontogeny. The culture of mature embryos from ripened \nseeds is used to eliminate seed germination inhibitors, to overcome dormancy\nre- \nstrictions, or to shorten the breeding cycle. New and exciting cultivars of\nAlstroemeria, \nalso known as Lily-of-the-Incas, Inca Lily, or Peruvian Lily, have been bred\nby using \nzygotic embryo culture; these techniques and applications will be discussed.\n\n\n693\n\n\n \n\nPractical Applications of Citrus Protoplast Technology\n\n\n \n\nJude W. Grosser*; Oscar Olivares-Fuster, Geraldine H. Fleming, and Maria R. \nAlbiach-Marti; Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida,\n700 \nExperiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850\n\n\n \n\nCitrus protoplast technology has advanced to where several practical appli- \ncations in variety improvement and plant pathology are routine. We will report\non \nprogress in the following areas: somaclonal variation\u2014\u2018Valencia\u2018 and \u2018Hamlin\u2019\nsweet \norange protoclones have been selected for improved juice color, higher soluble\nsol- \nids, seedlessness, and altered maturity dates; somatic hybridization for scion\nim- \nprovement\u2014allotetraploid breeding parents have been created from numerous com- \nbinations of elite parental material, and are now being used as pollen parents\nin \ninterploid crosses to produce seedless triploid varieties; somatic\nhybridization for \nrootstock improvement\u2014numerous somatic hybrids combining complementary \nrootstock germplasm are under commercial evaluation and several look promising \nfor wide adaptation, improved disease resistance, and tree size control;\ntransforma- \ntion\u2014an alternative protoplast-based transformation that utilizes EGFP for\nselec- \ntion has been developed; virus resistance assays\u2014a protoplast-based assay is\nbe- \ning used to screen varieties and candidate sequences for resistance to citrus\ntristeza \nvirus at the cell level, saving time and greenhouse space.\n\n\n160 WORKSHOP 22 (Abstr. 694\u2013695) \nHow Future Usage on Minor Crops Is \nLikely to be Impacted by the Current \nRegulatory Process \nWednesday, 26 July, 2:00\u20135:30 p.m.\n\n\n694\n\n\n \n\nEvaluation of Low-rate Herbicides for Minor Crops\n\n\n \n\nMilton E. McGiffen, Jr.*1, Steven A. Fennimore2, W. Thomas Lanini2, and Carl\nE. \nBell3, 1Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California,\nRiver- \nside, CA 92521-0124; 2Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, \nDavis, CA 95616; 3University of California, Imperial County, Holtville, CA\n92250.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 167090, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>immunity and well-being of the poor who cannot afford to eat more expensive foods for these<br>nutrients.</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>3. Agriculture</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>India, together with many African countries, is conducting extensive research on agriculture, soil<br>and water conservation, animal husbandry, fisheries, dairying, forestry and agricultural<br>education. Special research activities on plant biotechnology have been established at several<br>research institutions where work on staple crops such as soyabean, maize, cassava, potato, rice,<br>cotton, brasica and brinzal is being carried out. Many countries, including India, South Africa,<br>Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, and Ethiopia, have a growing seed industry where the main type of<br>activity is the production of hybrid seeds for improved crop production and pest resistance.<br>Some research institutions within these countries are beginning to enter the field of DNA<br>fingerprinting, and they also provide identification facilities for viral diseases in plants and<br>animals. Some are starting to employ data mining techniques to harvest additional value from<br>their existing databases. Other areas of research include the production of biofertilisers, as well<br>as the development of better formulations and cost\u2013effective, commercially-viable biopesticides<br>including microbial pesticides, parasitoids and bacteria.</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he application of modern biotechnology methods to agriculture has been hailed as the next<br>agricultural revolution, capable of sustaining agricultural production to meet the dietary needs of<br>an expanding world population, as well as increasing demands for improved food and<br>environmental quality. Most commercial agricultural biotechnology products have production-<br>enhancing traits that complement or replace traditional agricultural chemical inputs. Crops<br>generally are designed to be herbicide-tolerant or pest-, virus-, or fungus-resistant.<br>Biotechnology is also used to improve agronomic characteristics of crops, including crops that<br>use nitrogen more efficiently or are developed to better tolerate stress, such as drought, alkaline<br>soils, or frost. Nutraceuticals and health benefits from agricultural products are another growing<br>research area. Such applications play an important role in enhancing food security and access to<br>nutritional crops in developing countries.</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>I n the US, agricultural biotechnologies are increasing crop yields significantly while reducing<br>reliance on chemical herbicides and pesticides. For example, the addition of vitamin A to rice has<br>the potential to save the lives of millions of children in the developing world each year. Similar<br>advances in bioagriculture will help feed a rapidly growing world population with healthier foods.</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he US and Canada in the developed world, and China, India, South Africa, Argentina and other<br>Latin American countries in the developing world, are showing a wider adoption of transgenic<br>crops and transgenic crop cultivation. Across the globe, biosafety regulations are being<br>established and implemented to monitor the large-scale and commercial application of GMOs.</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A pplying biotechnology to marine \u201cfarming\u201d (aquaculture) also promises to improve aquaculture<br>production, a goal that has become more critical for meeting increased consumer demand as<br>natural seafood stocks have dwindled.</p>\n<footer id='78' style='font-size:14px'>Page | 8</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Consider the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in agriculture to enhance crop yield. Discuss the potential timeline and regulatory challenges compared to traditional agricultural biotechnologies, taking into account ethical concerns and past regulatory experiences.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 900, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 133719, "type": "text", "content": "Published on CPS-VO (https://cps-vo.org)\n\n\nHome > Printer-friendly PDF > Printer-friendly PDF\n\n\n \n\n# RTCSA 2020 - Virtual\n\n\nSubmitted by Anonymous on Thu, 07/23/2020 - 1:26pm \nAug 19, 2020 7:00 am - Aug 21, 2020 6:00 pm KST\n\n\n# 26th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and \nReal-Time Computing Systems and Applications \n(RTCSA 2020)\n\n\nRTCSA 2020 is going to be held virtually due to COVID-19. The RTCSA \nconference series (now at its 26th edition) brings together researchers and \ndevelopers from academia and industry for advancing the technology and the \ntheory to design and develop time-sensitive applications. All traditional \napplications in which temporal aspects need to be considered are in the scope\nof \nthe conference. CPS, (Industrial) IoT, embedded systems, fog/edge/cloud \ncomputing are just notable examples. RTCSA welcomes both research and \nindustrial papers that describe research or technical aspects in the area of \nembedded and real-time systems. Proceedings will be published by the IEEE \nComputer Society on IEEExplore and will be indexed by most search engines \nincluding Scopus, Web of Science, DBLP.\n\n\n \n\n# Topic of Interest\n\n\n \n\nThe 26th edition of RTCSA will bring together researchers and developers from \nacademia and industry to promote cross-fertilization and discuss advances and \ntrends in the technology of embedded and real-time systems and their emerging \napplications, including the Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems. \nRTCSA 2020 seeks papers that describe original research in the following\nareas, \nbut are not limited to:\n\n\n \n\n# *** REAL-TIME SYSTEMS TRACK ***\n\n\nReal-Time Scheduling \nWorkload models for real-time systems \nTemperature/Energy-aware Scheduling \nScheduling over heterogeneous architectures \nScheduling over distributed architectures \nTiming Analysis \nFormal methods for temporal guarantees \nProgramming Languages and Run-Time Systems \nMiddleware Systems \nCommunication Networks and Protocols of Real-Time Systems\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3370134, "type": "text", "content": "Presentation Schedule\n\n\n \n\n# Wednesday Morning\n\n\nDoo Yong Lee \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202652 \nMech Eng, KAIST [KR] \nClinical Evaluation of the KAIST-Ewha \nColonoscopy Simulator II\n\n\nCindy Lio \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202654 \nCtr Visualization and Virtual Environments, \nUniv Kentucky [US] \nMeasuring Subjective Stress Profiles During MIS \nSkills Training\n\n\nAzhar Rafiq \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202661 \nSurgery, Virginia Commonwealth Univ [US] \nReal Time Performance Feedback in Virtual \nReality-Based Surgical Task Execution\n\n\nMark Smith \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202667 \nSimET Ctr, Banner Good Samaritan Hosp, Phoenix [US] \nConfigurable Haptic Training System for \nLaparoscopy\n\n\nIsabelle van Herzeele \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202671 \nBiosurgery & Surgical Tech, Imperial Coll London [UK] \nExpert Clinician-Based Weighting of Error Scores \non a Virtual Reality Endovascular Simulator\n\n\nJohn S. Zelek \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202674 \nSys Design Eng, Univ Waterloo [CA] \nTowards an Understanding of Conventional \nSurgical Haptics Experience for Use in MIS\n\n\n# VISUALIZATION\n\n\nKen W. Brodlie \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202634 \nSch Computing, Univ Leeds [UK] \nEvaluating Enhanced Volume Rendering \nVisualization of Cerebral Aneurysms\n\n\nFrida Hernell \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202645 \nCtr Med Image Sci and Visualization/Visual Info Tech \nand Applications, Link\u00f6pings Univ [SE] \nA Blending Technique for Enhanced Depth \nPerception in Medical X-Ray Vision Applications\n\n\nBei Jin \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202646 \nBioengineering, Univ Illinois Chicago [US] \nVisualization of Large-Scale Confocal Data Using \nComputer Cluster\n\n\nNigel W. John \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202646 \nSch Comp Sci, Univ Wales Bangor [UK] \nInteractive Physically-Based X-Ray Simulation: \nCPU or GPU?\n\n\n \n\nEric A. Savitsky\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202665 \nEmergency Medicine, Univ California Los Angeles [US] \nPatient-Specific Interactive Image Visualization\n\n\nMarc Schirski \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202665 \nVirtual Reality Group, RWTH Aachen Univ [DE] \nEmploying Graphics Hardware for an \nInteractive Exploration of the Airflow in the Human \nNasal Cavity\n\n\nDavid B. Stefan \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202668 \nNovaptus Systems, Inc. [US] \nWhite Light Phase Profilometry Imaging: \nAn Overview of Current and Future \nMedical Applications\n\n\nYongming Xie \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202673 \nComp Sci and Eng, Chinese Univ Hong Kong [HK] \nGPU-Friendly Marching Cubes for Visualizing \nTranslucent Isosurfaces\n\n\nOTHER TOPICS\n\n\nC. Donald Combs\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202636 \nEastern Virginia Med Sch [US] \nAnalyzing the MMVR and the MMSD(c) Research \nSpaces: Understanding Rapid Growth\n\n\nGary R. Crane \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202636 \nInfo Tech, Southeastern Univ Research Association [US] \nDeveloping Regional Grid Technology Support \nfor TATRC Programs\n\n\nNathan Goodman \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202642 \nInst Sys Biology [US] \nGDxBase and Gaggle: Software Frameworks to \nEnable Analysis and Exploration of Diverse \nSystems Biology Datasets by Laboratory \nBiologists\n\n\nMary Kratz \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202649 \nUniversity of Michigan\u2014Ann Arbor [US] \nA Research Roadmap for the HealthGrid + \nGrid-Enabled High Throughput Virtual Screening \nAgainst Neglected and Emerging Diseases\n\n\nFuji Lai \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202651 \nMed & Healthcare Sys, Aptima, Inc. [US] \nHuman Factors Engineering for Designing the \nNext in Medicine\n\n\nMustapha Safinaz \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u202664 \nHarrow Sch Comp Sci, Univ Westminster [MY] \nHealthcare Stakeholders' Perspective on the Use \nof Online Medical Record\n\n\n7\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1527572, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>[12] A. Arasu, B. Babcock, S. Babu, M. Datar,</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>J. Rosenstein, K. Ito, I. Nishizawa, and J. Widom.<br>Query Processing, Resource Management, and<br>Approximation in a Data Stream Management<br>System. In Procs. of 1st CIDR Conf., January<br>2003.<br>[13] S. Shah, S. Dharmarajan, and K. Ramamritham.<br>An E\ufb03cient and Resilient Approach to Filtering<br>and Disseminating Streaming Data. In Procs. of<br>29th VLDB Conf., pages 57\u201368, August 2003.<br>[14] B. Babcock, S. Babu, M. Datar, and R. Motwani.<br>Chain: Operator Scheduling for Memory Mini-<br>mization in Data Stream Systems . In Proceedings<br>of ACM SIGMOD \u201903, pages 253\u2013264, June 2003.<br>[15] R. Cheng, D. Kalashnikov, and S. Prabhakar.<br>Evaluating Probabilistic Queries over Imprecise<br>Data. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD \u201903, pages<br>551\u2013562, June 2003.<br>[16] G. F. Franklin, J. D. Powell, and M. L. Workman.<br>Digital Control of Dynamic Systems. Edison-<br>Wesley, Massachusetts, 1990.<br>[17] C. Liu and J. Layland. Scheduling Algorithms<br>for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Envi-<br>ronment. Communications of ACM, 20(1):46\u201361,<br>January 1973.<br>[18] Tarek Abdelzaher, Vivek Sharma, and Chenyang<br>Lu. A Utilization Bound for Aperiodic Tasks<br>and Priority Driven Scheduling. IEEE Trans. on<br>Computers, 53(3):334\u2013350, March 2004.<br>[19] B. Babcock, M. Datar, and R. Motwani. Load<br>Shedding for Aggregation Queries over Data<br>Streams. In Procs. of ICDE Conf., 2004.<br>[20] Diane. L. Davison and Goetz Graefe. Dynamic<br>Resource Brokering for Multi-User Query Execu-<br>tion. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD \u201995, pages<br>281\u2013292, June 1995.<br>[21] C. Lu, J. Stankovic, T. Abdelzaher, G. Tao,<br>S. Son, and M. Marley. Performance Speci\ufb01ca-<br>tions and Metrics for Adaptive Real-Time Sys-<br>tems. In IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium,<br>December 2000.<br>[22] M. Zhang, T. Madhyastha, N.H. Chan, S. pa-<br>padimitriou, and C. Faloutsos. Data Mining<br>Meets Performance Evaluation: Fast Algorithms<br>for Modeling Bursty Tra\ufb03c. In Proceedings of the<br>18th ICDE Conference, pages 507\u2013516, Feburary<br>2002.<br>[23] V. Jacobson. Congestion Avoidance and Control.<br>In Procs. of ACM SIGCOMM, pages 314\u2013329,<br>August 1988.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>[24] V. Paxson and S. Floyd. Wide-Area Tra\ufb03c: The<br>Failure of Poisson Modeling. IEEE/ACM Trans-<br>actions on Networking, 3(3):226\u2013244, 1995.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>[25] A. Dobra, M. Garofalakis, J. Gehrke, and R. Ras-<br>togi. Processing complex aggregate queries over<br>data streams. In Procs. of SIGMOD Conf., pages<br>61\u201372, June 2002.<br>[26] M. Hammad, M. Franklin, W. Aref, and A. El-<br>magarmid. Scheduling for Shared Window Joins<br>Over Data Streams. In Proceedings of 29th VLDB<br>Conf., pages 297\u2013308, August 2003.<br>[27] S. Viglas and J. Naughton. Rate-Based Query<br>Optimization for Streaming Information Sources.<br>In Procs. of SIGMOD Conf., pages 37\u201348, June<br>2002.<br>[28] Y. Zhu and D. Shasha. StatStream: Statistical<br>Monitoring of Thousands of Data Streams in Real<br>Time. In Procs. of the 28th VLDB Conf., pages<br>358\u2013369, August 2002.<br>[29] C. Lu, J. Stankovic, G. Tao, and S. Han. Feed-<br>back Control Real-Time Scheduling: Framework,<br>Modeling, and Algorithms. Journal of Real-Time<br>Systems, 23(1/2):85\u2013126, September 2002.<br>[30] B. Li and K. Nahrstedt. A Control-Based Middle-<br>ware Framework for Quality of Service Adapta-<br>tions. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Commu-<br>nications, Special Issue on Service Enabling Plat-<br>forms, 17(9):1632\u20131650, September 1999.<br>[31] R. Abbott and H. Garcia-Molina. Scheduling<br>Real-Time Transactions: A Performance Evalu-<br>ation. ACM Trans. Database Systems, 17(3):513\u2013<br>560, September 1992.<br>[32] J. Haritsa, M. Livny, and M. Carey. Earliest<br>Deadline Scheduling for Real-Time Database Sys-<br>tems. In Procs. IEEE Real-Time Systems Sympo-<br>sium, pages 232\u2013242, 1991.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 937877, "type": "text", "content": "approach is urgently needed by current installations, especially \nthose used for server consolidation. For example, by focusing \non the CPU and attempting to control its allocation when \nit is not in fact the bottleneck one may become subject to \nunknown interactions among the resources, which lead to \nactual allocations that are far removed from the intended ones. \nOur approach solves such problems.\n\n\n \n\nIn future work we intend to implement the proposed design. \nThis involves the association of RSVT policy modules with all \nthe resources we want to control, namely the CPU, disks, and \nnetwork. Next, we need a monitoring facility that will identify \nthe bottleneck device and decide which RSVT module should \ntake precedence over the others.\n\n\n \n\nGiven a working system we will perform a set of experi- \nments to characterize its behavior. In particular, we intend to \nfocus on multiple bottleneck scenarios such as those described \nabove, and on changing workload conditions e.g. as a result of \nthe arrival of new clients. In these contexts, we will investigate \nthe setting of system parameters such as the aging rate for \nhistorical virtual time consumption.\n\n\n \n\nIndependent of this experimentation, we also intend to \ncontinue to develop the conceptual framework. In this context, \nadditional work is needed on the following questions:\n\n\n \n\n(cid:129) Should the CPU be given a special status, because it is \nthe enabler of using all other devices? \n(cid:129) Should non-bottleneck devices also use other speci\ufb01c \nscheduling considerations in addition or in lieu of the \nbottleneck RSVT priorities? \n(cid:129) Should memory also be considered as a schedulable \nresource? The above discussion assumed the system is \nequipped with enough memory so that VMs do not need \nto compete over memory. This assumption is needed be- \ncause memory is a very different type of resource in terms \nof its interactions with other resources when it comes to \ncontrolled allocations. In principle we can also allocate \nmemory using the same proportions, and let each VM \nget along using paging with what it gets. However, this \nleads to an inverse relationship between memory and I/O \nusage, contradicting the linear relationship assumption. \nMore work is therefore needed to decide how to cope \nwith this problem.\n\n\nREFERENCES\n\n\n[1] Y. Amir, B. Awerbuch, A. Barak, R. S. Borgstrom, and A. Keren, \u201cAn \nopportunity cost approach for job assignment in a scalable computing \ncluster\u201d. IEEE Trans. Parallel & Distributed Syst. 11(7), pp. 760\u2013768, \nJul 2000. \n[2] N. Bansal and M. Harchol-Balter, \u201cAnalysis ofSRPTscheduling:inves- \ntigating unfairness\u201d. In SIGMETRICS Conf. Measurement & Modeling \nof Comput. Syst., pp. 279\u2013290, Jun 2001. \n[3] A. Chandra, M. Adler, P. Goyal, and P. Shenoy, \u201cSurplusfairscheduling: \na proportional-share CPU scheduling algorithm for symmetric multipro- \ncessors\u201d. In 4th Symp. Operating Systems Design & Implementation, \npp. 45\u201358, Oct 2000. \n[4] Y. Diao, N. Gandhi, J. L. Hellerstein, S. Parekh, and D. M. Tilbury, \n\u201cUsing MIMO feedback control to enforce policies for interrelated met- \nrics withapplication to theApache webserver\u201d. In Network Operations \n& Management Symp., pp. 219\u2013234, 2002.\n\n\n \n\n[5] K. J. Duda and D. R. Cheriton, \u201cBorrowed-virtual-time (BVT)schedul- \ning:supportinglatency-sensitive threadsinageneral-purposescheduler\u201d. \nIn 17th Symp. Operating Systems Principles, pp. 261\u2013276, Dec 1999. \n[6] D. H. J. Epema, \u201cDecay-usage scheduling in multiprocessors\u201d. ACM \nTrans. Comput. Syst. 16(4), pp. 367\u2013415, Nov 1998. \n[7] Y. Etsion, D. Tsafrir, and D. G. Feitelson, \u201cProcess prioritization using \noutputproduction: scheduling formultimedia\u201d. ACM Trans. Multimedia \nComput., Commun. & App. 2(4), pp. 318\u2013342, Nov 2006. \n[8] R. P. 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Dinda, \u201cVSched: mixing batch and interactive virtual \nmachinesusingperiodicreal-timescheduling\u201d. In Supercomputing, Nov \n2005. \n[15] B. Lin and P. A. Dinda, \u201cTowards scheduling virtual machines based on \ndirect user input\u201d. In 2nd Intl. Workshop Virtualization Technology in \nDistributed Comput., 2006. \n[16] G. Neiger, A. Santoni, F. Leung, D. Rodgers, and R. Uhlig, \u201cIntel \nvirtualization technology: hardware support for ef\ufb01cient processor virtu- \nalization\u201d. Intel Tech. J. 10(3), pp. 167\u2013177, Aug 2006. \n[17] J. Nieh, C. Vaill, and H. Zhong, \u201cVirtual-Time Round Robin: an \nO(1) proportional share scheduler\u201d. In USENIX Ann. Technical Conf., \npp. 245\u2013259, Jun 2001. \n[18] D. Ongaro, A. L. Cox, and S. Rixner, \u201cSchedulingI/Oinvirtualmachine \nmonitors\u201d. In 4th Intl. Conf. Virtual Execution Environments, pp. 1\u201310, \nMar 2008. \n[19] B. Schroeder and M. Harchol-Balter, \u201cWebserversunderoverload: how \nscheduling can help\u201d. ACM Trans. Internet Technology 6(1), Feb 2006. \n[20] A. Shah, \u201cKernel-based virtualization with KVM\u201d. Linux Magazine 86, \npp. 37\u201339, Jan 2008. \n[21] I. Stoica, H. Abdel-Wahab, and A. Pothen, \u201cAmicroeconomicscheduler \nfor parallel computers\u201d. In Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Pro- \ncessing, D. G. Feitelson and L. Rudolph (eds.), pp. 200\u2013218, Springer- \nVerlag, 1995. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. vol. 949. \n[22] C. A. Waldspurger and W. E. Weihl, \u201cLottery scheduling: \ufb02exible \nproportional-share resource management\u201d. In 1st Symp. Operating \nSystems Design & Implementation, pp. 1\u201311, USENIX, Nov 1994. \n[23] T. Yang, T. Liu, E. D. Berger, S. F. Kaplan, and J. E. B. Moss, \u201cRedline: \n\ufb01rst class support for interactivity in commodity operating systems\u201d. In \n8th Symp. Operating Systems Design & Implementation, Dec 2008.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1801200, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Personal and body area networks<br>\u2022 eHealth applications over 5G networks<br>\u2022 Biomedical and biosensors engineering<br>\u2022 Sensing of vital signs and signatures<br>\u2022 Wearable medical wireless sensors<br>\u2022 In-Body medical sensors communications<br>\u2022 Molecular sensor communications<br>\u2022 E-Health-oriented software architectures (Agent, SOA, Middleware, etc.)<br>\u2022 Autonomic diagnosis and situation awareness (Fall, Activity, etc.)<br>\u2022 Health and wellness measurement, monitoring and intervention<br>\u2022 Health grid and health cloud<br>\u2022 Health monitoring and traffic characterization<br>\u2022 Emerging e-Health applications<br>\u2022 Mobile and cloud computing for e-Health<br>\u2022 Blockchain for e-Health<br>\u2022 Big data analytics for healthcare<br>\u2022 Machine/Deep Learning for e-Health<br>\u2022 Artificial Intelligence (AI) for eHealth application<br>\u2022 ICT-enabled healthcare system<br>\u2022 Security, trust and privacy in e-Health<br>\u2022 E-Health systems for Integrated Care<br>\u2022 Future technologies for the health of the aging brain<br>\u2022 Image and video processing for e-Health</p>\n<h1 id='12' style='font-size:14px'>I MPORTANT DATES</h1>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Deadline for paper submission: 15 April 2021</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Date for notification: 25 July 2021</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Deadline for final paper submission: 1 September 2021</p>\n<h1 id='16' style='font-size:14px'>S UBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS</h1>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>All papers for technical symposia should be submitted via EDAS through the following link<br>https://edas.info/newPaper.php?c=27493</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2267232, "type": "text", "content": "IEEE HITC NEWSLETTER, VOL.1, NO.2. 2021\n\n\nGuest editors: Dr. Xiaokang Zhou, Dr. Carson Leung, Dr. Kevin Wang, Dr.\nGiancarlo Fortino\n\n\nThis special issue aims to invite a wide range of researchers, both from the\ncomputer science \ncommunity and the biomedical research groups, to submit up-to-date results in\ncutting-edge \ndeep learning and big data analysis technologies, which will bring significant\nimpacts on \ndata mining, machine learning, computer vision, biomedical research,\nhealthcare \nengineering, etc., and call for transdisciplinary collaboration and cross-\nfield exploration in \nthe emerging hyper world.\n\n\n# \u27a2 Sensors Journal\n\n\n \n\nSpecial Issue on AI and Big Data Analytics in Sensors and Applications \nGuest editors: Dr. Ke Yan, Dr Yang Xu, Dr. Fuhua Lin, Dr. Qun Jin\n\n\nThis Special Issue intends to provide an international forum for researchers\nto showcase the \nup-to-date results on AI, machine learning, big data and cyber security\ntechnologies in the \nfields of sensors. Recent progress and future directions of AI in sensors and\napplications will \nbe investigated. This Special Issue also intends to bring together impressive\nefforts in \ncomputer science and various engineering fields in relation to finding common\nand cross- \ndiscipline research topics.\n\n\n# \u27a2 Sensors Journal\n\n\n \n\nSpecial Issue on Security and Information Flow in Intelligent Systems for the\nInternet of \nThings \nGuest editors: Dr. Dawid Po\u0142ap, Dr. Gautam Srivastava, Dr. Marta Wlodarczyk-\nSielicka\n\n\n \n\nThis Special Issue focuses on the operation of sensors on the Internet of\nThings, with \nparticular emphasis on their storage, processing, and protection when sending\nor sharing \ninformation. The main idea behind this Special Issue is to take up the topic\nof security and \ninformation processing of data obtained by these sensors, which are used in\nsolutions in \nintelligent homes/cities or even in the Internet of Medical Things.\n\n\n# \u27a2 Sensors Journal\n\n\n \n\nSpecial Issue on Pervasive Intelligence for Sensor and Cyber Information \nGuest editors: Dr. Henry Leung, Dr. Flavia C. Delicato, Dr. Fuhua Lin, Dr.\nPaulo F. Pires\n\n\nThis Special Issue aims to highlight the latest research results and advances\nfocused on how \nto enable pervasive intelligence in everyday devices to learn and dynamically\nsupport \nhuman preferences and lifestyles at home, at work, and on the move. We are\nalso interested \nin how to tackle challenges such as human control, accessibility, safety, and\ntrust associated \nwith the cyberspace.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 133720, "type": "text", "content": "Time-Sensitive Media Processing and Transmissions \nLatency and throughput in Real-Time Databases\n\n\n \n\n# *** IoT, CPS, AND EMERGING APPLICATIONS TRACK ***\n\n\nSystems, Technology and Foundations of IoT and CPS \nApplications and Case Studies of IoT and CPS \nSmart and Connected Health \nIndustrial Internet and Industry 4.0 \nSmart City Technology and Applications \nSmart Transportation and Infrastructure \nCyber-Physical Co-Design \nMedical CPS \nCloud, Middleware and Networks for IoT and CPS \nWireless Sensor-Actuator Networks for IoT and CPS\n\n\n \n\n# *** EMBEDDED SYSTEMS TRACK ***\n\n\nMulti-Core Embedded Systems \nOperating Systems \nNon-Volatile Memory and Storage \nPower/Thermal Aware Design \nFault Tolerance and Security \nSensor-based Systems and Applications \nReconfigurable Computing Architectures and Software Support \nUbiquitous and Distributed Embedded Systems and Networks \nEmbedded Systems for Machine-Learning\n\n\n \n\nEvent Details\n\n\n \n\nLocation: Virtual \nURL: https://rtcsa2020.github.io/\n\n\n# Sync this event to your calendar\n\n\nEmbedded Software Concurrency and Timing Real-time Systems Systems Engineering\nReal-Time Coordination CPS \nTechnologies Foundations 2020 Conference\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1801198, "type": "text", "content": "\u2022 Personal and body area networks \n\u2022 eHealth applications over 5G networks \n\u2022 Biomedical and biosensors engineering \n\u2022 Sensing of vital signs and signatures \n\u2022 Wearable medical wireless sensors \n\u2022 In-Body medical sensors communications \n\u2022 Molecular sensor communications \n\u2022 E-Health-oriented software architectures (Agent, SOA, Middleware, etc.) \n\u2022 Autonomic diagnosis and situation awareness (Fall, Activity, etc.) \n\u2022 Health and wellness measurement, monitoring and intervention \n\u2022 Health grid and health cloud \n\u2022 Health monitoring and traffic characterization \n\u2022 Emerging e-Health applications \n\u2022 Mobile and cloud computing for e-Health \n\u2022 Blockchain for e-Health \n\u2022 Big data analytics for healthcare \n\u2022 Machine/Deep Learning for e-Health \n\u2022 Artificial Intelligence (AI) for eHealth application \n\u2022 ICT-enabled healthcare system \n\u2022 Security, trust and privacy in e-Health \n\u2022 E-Health systems for Integrated Care \n\u2022 Future technologies for the health of the aging brain \n\u2022 Image and video processing for e-Health\n\n\n# I MPORTANT DATES\n\n\n \n\nDeadline for paper submission: 15 April 2021\n\n\n \n\nDate for notification: 25 July 2021\n\n\n \n\nDeadline for final paper submission: 1 September 2021\n\n\n# S UBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS\n\n\n \n\nAll papers for technical symposia should be submitted via EDAS through the\nfollowing link \nhttps://edas.info/newPaper.php?c=27493\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 376410, "type": "text", "content": "CMC, 2021, vol.69, no.2\n\n\n \n2243\n\n\ncoordinator is the primary process, whereas virtual agents are the child\nprocesses. Virtual agents \ncommunicate with each other via IPC mechanism. The communication between\nphysical devices \nand virtual agents is via MQTT protocol. Results highlighted that the proposed\nvirtual network \nis flexible and scalable. Thus it is concluded that virtual network has low\nnetwork latency, less \npacket loss, high fault tolerance than the physical network in small-scale IoT\napplications. This \npaper\u2019s possible future work is to simulate the same methodology for a massive\nnumber of devices \nwith different constraints and compared them with traditional SDN approaches.\nThe limitation of \nSDN and this approach for small and large-scale IoT networks are worth\ninvestigating and can \nbe an ideal successor for this work.\n\n\n \n\nFunding Statement: This research was supported by Energy Cloud R&D; Program\nthrough \nthe National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of\nScience, ICT \n(2019M3F2A1073387), and this research was supported by Basic Science Research\nProgram \nthrough the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry\nof Education \n(2018R1D1A1A09082919), and this research was supported by Institute for\nInformation & com- \nmunications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea\ngovernment \n(MSIT) (No. 2018-0-01456, AutoMaTa: Autonomous Management framework based on\nartificial \nintelligent Technology for adaptive and disposable IoT). Any correspondence\nrelated to this paper \nshould be addressed to Dohyeun Kim.\n\n\n \n\nConflicts of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of\ninterest to report regarding \nthe present study.\n\n\n# References\n\n\n \n\n[1] D. Miorandi, S. Sicari, F. De Pellegrini and I. Chlamtac, \u201cInternet of\nthings: Vision, applications and \nresearch challenges,\u201d Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1497\u20131516, 2012. \n[2] F . Mehmood, I. Ullah, S. Ahmad and D. Kim, \u201cObject detection mechanism\nbased on deep learning \nalgorithm using embedded IoT devices for smart home appliances control in\nCoT,\u201d Journal of Ambient \nIntelligence and Humanized Computing, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1\u201317, 2019. \n[3] S. Ahmad, F. Mehmood, A. Mehmood and D. Kim, \u201cDesign and implementation of\ndecoupled IoT \napplication store: A novel prototype for virtual objects sharing and\ndiscovery,\u201d Electronics, vol. 8, no. 3, \npp. 285, 2019. \n[4] F . Mehmood, S. Ahmad and D. Kim, \u201cDesign and implementation of an\ninterworking IoT platform \nand marketplace in cloud of things,\u201d Sustainability, vol. 11, no. 21, pp.\n5952, 2019. \n[5] M. Nitti, V. Pilloni, G. Colistra and L. Atzori, \u201cThe virtual object as a\nmajor element of the internet \nof things: A survey,\u201d IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 18, no. 2,\npp. 1228\u20131240, 2015. \n[6] S. Ahmad, L. Hang and D. Kim, \u201cDesign and implementation of cloud-centric\nconfiguration repository \nfor DIY IoT applications,\u201d Sensors, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 474\u2013494, 2018. \n[7] S. Ahmad, S. Malik, I. Ullah, D. H. Park, K. Kim et al., \u201cTowards the\ndesign of a formal verification \nand evaluation tool of real-time tasks scheduling of IoT applications,\u201d\nSustainability, vol. 11, no. 1, \npp. 204\u2013226, 2019. \n[8] S. Ahmad, A. Khudoyberdiev and D. 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Consider a scenario where a virtual conference similar to RTCSA 2020 also focused on bio-signal processing technologies within IoT, CPS, and Emerging Applications Track. Discuss how one might use scheduling strategies from the Real-Time Systems Track to manage time-sensitive data in bio-signal processing applications, considering the temporal constraints faced in medical CPS.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 902, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3059, "type": "text", "content": "# Access Free Perchance To Dream Theatre \nIlluminata 2 Lisa Mantchev\n\n\n \n\n# prices. Fast and free shipping free returns \ncash on delivery available on eligible \npurchase.\n\n\n# Perchance to Dream: Theatre Illuminata #2 by \nMantchev ...\n\n\n \n\nPerchance to Dream is a poetic and masterful \npiece of literary art. The characters, story, \nworld and prose is just wonderful and put \ntogether so well. If you are a fan of unique \nstorylines, then the Theatre Illuminata \ntrilogy is right up your alley.\n\n\n# Amazon.com: Perchance to Dream: Theatre\n\n\n \n\n# Page 13/17\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 812197, "type": "text", "content": "FALL 2015\n\n\n# 2014, and we are thrilled.\n\n\n \n\nChutatip Vadnasindhu \nUmavijani (Bangkok) I am \nretired at 65, having taught at \nThammasat University in \nBangkok for 41 years. I \ufb01ll my \nschedule with activities such \nas singing, dancing, painting, \nswimming, Qi Gong, and \nattending international \nconferences in bioethics and \nphilosophy. I am also taking \ncare of my sister, Rajit, who is \nnow 77 and also my best friend. \nMy elder daughter, Ploi, who \nstudied luxury management \nin Paris, decided to start her \nperfume company, called \nParfums Dusita, in France. My \nson, Plue, is now at Reading \nUniversity, England.\n\n\n \n\n# 1973\n\n\nDeborah Wright Barrow (Chula \nVista, California) In 2008, as \nI was nearing the end of my \nrewarding public service career, \nI came home to San Diego to \nserve as the director of the \ncity\u2019s library system. In 2013, \nwe celebrated the completion \nof the long-awaited San Diego \nCentral Library. A year later, I \nretired to take care of my new \ngranddaughter. I thoroughly \nenjoy being a grandmother, and \nI take on occasional projects as \na consultant.\n\n\n \n\n# 1974\n\n\nTena Kari Mitchell (Burr Ridge, \nIllinois) After 32 years as a \npublic school educator, I \nrecently launched my holistic \nhealth-and-wellness business, \nLifestyle120. My \ufb01rst book, Sip \nthe Garden: Fun, Easy Drinks for \na Healthier Family, was released \non Amazon in March 2015.\n\n\n \n\n# 1977\n\n\nLisa Adams (Los Angeles) In \nSeptember, The CB1 Gallery \nin Los Angeles presented the \nfourth solo exhibtion of \npaintings by Lisa Adams. \nAmerica the Beautiful is a \nthoughtful and forecasting \nlook at personal, natural, \nand political issues faced by \nAmericans now and in the \nyears to come.\n\n\n \n\n1978\n\n\nDiane Davies (Fredericksburg, \nVirginia) I will be touring the \nEast Coast through the end of \nOctober.\n\n\n \n\n1983\n\n\nGreta Hitz Pang (Woodland \nHills, California) I am busy \nwriting and raising four teens \nwith my husband, Scott, who \ncelebrated his 35th anniversary \nas a talent agent this year. We \nsplit our time between Los \nAngeles and Honolulu. Next \nup is our 25th wedding \nanniversary!\n\n\n \n\nLinan Hatch Ukropina\n\n\n \n\n(Pasadena, California) Bill and \nmy three boys are journeying \nwell: Nick is in San Francisco \nwith Oracle, Grant is in \nPasadena with McMaster Carr, \nand Conrad is a junior at \nStanford playing \ufb01rst-string \nkicker for the Cardinals. I am \nstill vice president of \ufb01nance for \nColdwell Banker Commercial \nAlliance.\n\n\n \n\n# 1989\n\n\nJulie Lyss (Seattle) After only \n20 years of trying to coordinate \nour schedules, Julie Lyss, \nMisty McPhee, and Samantha \nMcDonald \ufb01nally were able to \nhave a reunion! Fun and wine \nin Misty\u2019s home of Oshkosh, \nWisconsin, in celebration of the \nlife of Misty\u2019s dad, Clyde, who \npassed away in October 2014.\n\n\n \n\n1990\n\n\nJulie Schaefer Krell (Scottsdale, \nArizona) I can\u2019t believe we are \nstarting to look at colleges for \nour high school junior\u2014it \nreminds me of when I \ufb01rst \nvisited Scripps, fell in love, and \napplied early decision. Great \nmemories!\n\n\n \n\n1992\n\n\nTeresa Doniger (Washington, \nD.C.) I opened a private \npsychotherapy practice; my \nwebsite is donigerlpc.com.\n\n\n44\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2843851, "type": "text", "content": "Amid the glitter and glamour of musical and court life in 18th century Vienna,\nfifteen-year-old Theresa Maria Shurman is trying to solve a brutal mystery.\nWho killed her father, an acclaimed violinist, and stole his valuable Amati\nviolin? When Haydn himself offers her a position as his assistant, it gives\nTheresa access to life in the palace-and to a world of deceit. Theresa\nuncovers blackmail and extortion even as she discovers courage and honor in\nunexpected places: from a Gypsy \nbanks of the Danube, to the rarefied life of the imperial family. And she\nfeels the stirrings of a first, tentative love for someone who is as deeply\ninvolved in the mystery as she is.\n\n\n1940, San Francisco. Ray Sherwood has arrived in town on tour with the Jack\nDonovan Orchestra and plenty of bad memories. But in meeting two women on the\nsame day Ray is shaken out of his stupor. One wants his help in orchestrating\nher avant-garde composition, the other will plunge to her death just moments\nafter speaking to him. \n\"She was like a storm.\" \u2014Leonard Cohen Joni Mitchell may be the most\ninfluential female recording artist and composer of the late twentieth\ncentury. In Reckless Daughter, the music critic David Yaffe tells the\nremarkable, heart-wrenching story of how the blond girl with the guitar became\na superstar of folk music in the 1960s, a key figure in the Laurel Canyon\nmusic scene of the 1970s, and the songwriter who spoke resonantly to, and for,\naudiences across the country. A Canadian prairie girl, a \nfree-spirited artist, Mitchell never wanted to be a pop star. She was nothing\nmore than \u201ca painter derailed by circumstances,\u201d she would explain. And yet,\nshe went on to become a talented self-taught musician and a brilliant\nbandleader, releasing album after album, each distinctly experimental,\nchallenging, and revealing. Her lyrics captivated listeners with their\nperceptive language and naked emotion, born out of Mitchell\u2019s life, loves,\ncomplaints, and prophecies. As an artist whose work \ndeftly balances narrative and musical complexity, she has been admired by such\nlegendary lyricists as Bob Dylan and Leonard Cohen and beloved by such\ngroundbreaking jazz musicians as Jaco Pastorius, Wayne Shorter, and Herbie\nHancock. Her hits\u2014from \u201cBig Yellow Taxi\u201d to \u201cBoth Sides, Now\u201d to \u201cA Case of\nYou\u201d\u2014endure as timeless favorites, and her influence on the generations of\nsinger-songwriters who would follow her, from her devoted fan Prince to Bjrk,\nis undeniable. In \nthis intimate biography, drawing on dozens of unprecedented in-person\ninterviews with Mitchell, her childhood friends, and a cast of famous\ncharacters, Yaffe reveals the backstory behind the famous songs\u2014from\nMitchell\u2019s youth in Canada, her bout with polio at age nine, and her early\nmarriage and the child she gave up for adoption, through the love affairs that\ninspired masterpieces, and up to the present\u2014and shows us why Mitchell has so\nenthralled her listeners, her lovers, and her \nfriends. Reckless Daughter is the story of an artist and an era that have left\nan indelible mark on American music.\n\n\nWhen you're growing up as the daughter of famed folksinger and composer Oscar\nBrand, you get Arlo Guthrie as a swim instructor and Eleanor Roosevelt as a\nbabysitter. You experience a childhood laced with such stunning personalities\nas John Raitt, Joni Mitchell, Theodore Bikel, Jean Ritchie, Johnny Cash, and\nPete Seeger. You spend your summer vacations floating from one folk festival\nto another. You even have a blues legend like Brownie McGhee singing you your\nlullabies. But \nget the vagaries of an uncertain existence - an existence that is not only\nuncertain financially, but often emotionally, as your single-father Dad\nstruggles to balance the responsibilities of parenthood with the time-\ndevouring necessity to make a living and build his career. Thus you frequently\nfind yourself charged with responsibilities well beyond your years. At times\nhilarious and at times tragic, Jeannie Brand's story is one of both great joy\nand great sorrow, and never dull. A \"must\" for folk \naficionados, and fascinating even for the general reader. Includes numerous\nphoto illustrations.\n\n\n \n\ncamp on the\n\n\nApparently, false rumors about Marie Antoinette are all the fashion in 1783.\nMarie Antoinette is facing hostility from the populace, inflamed by rumors\ncirculated in pamphlets throughout Paris. The rumors claim that she has dozens\nof lovers, drinks the blood of poor people, holds satanic masses at\nVersailles, and more, when nothing could be further from the truth. On the\nadvice of the handsome, enigmatic Captain von Bauer, Joseph II-emperor of\nAustria and Marie Antoinette's brother- \ndecides that mystery-solving violinist Theresa Schurman is the ideal candidate\nfor a spy to discover the source of these vile slanders.Theresa is only too\nglad to get away from Vienna for a while, unwilling to commit herself yet to\nmarrying Zoltan-a Hungarian baron she met when she was fifteen-and running out\nof reasons to postpone her decision. She is eager, too, to explore a new\nmusical scene and broaden her artistic education. But when the captain\nconfounds her expectations and places her \nas a bookkeeper in the establishment of Rose Bertin, milliner to the queen,\nshe begins to lose hope that she will ever achieve her musical aims-or the\nemperor's goal of exposing the pamphleteers.A chance encounter with the\nChevalier de Saint-Georges, an extraordinary black violinist and expert\nswordsman, sets Theresa on the path to unraveling the mystery. But will the\nchevalier's patron, the powerful duc de Chartres, confound her efforts and put\nher-and the captain's-lives in danger?Be \nprepared for music, mystery, love, and murder in this riveting tale of pre-\nrevolutionary Paris.\n\n\n \n\nyou also\n\n\nOne of The New Yorker's favorite nonfiction book of 2019 | A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice Named one of Vogue's \"17 Books We Can't Wait to Read This Fall\" \"Compulsively readable . . . ravenously consuming . . . manna from heaven . . . If ever someone knew how to put a genuinely irresistible book together, it's Jacobs in Still Here.\" \u2014Jeff Simon, The Buffalo News Still Here is the first full telling of Elaine Stritch\u2019s life. Rollicking but intimate, it tracks one of Broadway\u2019s \ngreat personalities from her upbringing in Detroit during the Great Depression\nto her fateful move to New York City, where she studied alongside Marlon\nBrando, Bea Arthur, and Harry Belafonte. We accompany Elaine through her\njagged rise to fame, to Hollywood and London, and across her later years, when\nshe enjoyed a stunning renaissance, punctuated by a turn on the popular\ntelevision show 30 Rock. We explore the influential\u2014and often\nfraught\u2014collaborations she developed with \nNol Coward, Tennessee Williams, and above all Stephen Sondheim, as well as her\ncourageous yet flawed attempts to control a serious drinking problem. And we\nsee the entertainer triumphing over personal turmoil with the development of\nher Tony Award\u2013winning one-woman show, Elaine Stritch at Liberty, which\nestablished her as an emblem of spiky independence and Manhattan life for an\nentirely new generation of admirers. In Still Here, Alexandra Jacobs conveys\nthe full force of \nStritch\u2019s sardonic wit and brassy charm while acknowledging her many dark\ncomplexities. Following years of meticulous research and interviews, this is a\nportrait of a powerful, vulnerable, honest, and humorous figure who continues\nto reverberate in the public consciousness.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3086016, "type": "text", "content": "# The Testing \nBy Joelle Charbonneau \nYA CHARBONNEAU\n\n\n \n\nSixteen-year-old Malencia (Cia) Vale is chosen to \nparticipate in The Testing to attend the University; \nhowever, Cia is fearful when she figures out her \nfriends who do not pass The Testing are disappearing.\n\n\nT he Reluctant Assassin \nBy Eoin Colfer \nYA COLFER\n\n\n \n\nIn Victorian London, Albert Garrick, an assassin-for- \nhire, and his reluctant young apprentice, Riley, are \ntransported via wormhole to modern London, where \nRiley teams up with a young FBI agent to stop \nGarrick from returning to his own time and using his \nnewly acquired scientific knowledge and power to \nchange the world forever.\n\n\n \n\nT he Eye of Minds \nBy James Dashner \nYA DASHNER\n\n\n \n\nMichael is an internet gamer in a world of advanced \ntechnology. When a cyber-terrorist begins to threaten \nplayers, Michael is called upon to seek him out.\n\n\n \n\nI llusionarium \nBy Heather Dixon \nYA DIXON\n\n\n \n\nAs apprentice to his father, the second-best medical \nscientist in the empire, Jonathan leads a quiet life in a \nremote aerial city until the king arrives, calling on \nthem to find the cure to a plague that has struck the \ncapital city and put the queen's life at risk, but the \nnewly discovered chemical, fantillium, that may help \nwill also put at risk all that Jonathan holds dear.\n\n\nL ittle Brother \nBy Cory Doctorow \nYA DOCTOROW\n\n\n \n\nAfter being interrogated for days by the Department \nof Homeland Security in the aftermath of a major \nterrorist attack on San Francisco, California, \nseventeen-year-old Marcus, released into what is now \na police state, decides to use his expertise in computer \nhacking to set things right.\n\n\nD on\u2019t Turn Around \nBy Michelle Gagnon \nYA GAGNON\n\n\n \n\nAfter waking up on an operating table with no \nmemory of how she got there, Noa must team up with \ncomputer hacker Peter to stop a corrupt corporation \nwith a deadly secret.\n\n\n \n\n# A n Abundance of Katherines \nBy John Green \nYA GREEN\n\n\n \n\nHaving been recently dumped for the nineteenth time \nby a girl named Katherine, recent high school \ngraduate and former child prodigy Colin sets off on a \nroad trip with his best friend to try to find some new \ndirection in life while also trying to create a \nmathematical formula to explain his relationships.\n\n\n \n\nB ad Taste in Boys \nBy Carrie Harris \nYA HARRIS\n\n\n \n\nFuture physician Kate Grable is horrified when her \nhigh school's football coach gives team members \nsteroids, but the drugs turn players into zombies and \nKate must find an antidote before the flesh-eating \nmonsters get to her or her friends.\n\n\nU p to this Pointe \nBy Jennifer Longo \nYA LONGO\n\n\n \n\nDevastated when her dream of becoming a \nprofessional ballerina falls through, seventeen-year- \nold Harper Scott takes a job as a research assistant, \nwintering over at McMurdo, a U.S. science station at \nthe tip of Antarctica where, for the first time, she \nconsiders other possible futures.\n\n\n \n\n# 3 :59\n\n\n \n\nBy Gretchen McNeil \nYA MCNEIL\n\n\n \n\nBetrayed by the two persons she trusts the most, Josie \njumps at the chance to trade places with her twin in a \nparallel universe until Josie becomes trapped in a \ndangerous world where shadowy creatures feed on \nhuman flesh.\n\n\nC inder \nBy Marissa Meyer \nYA MEYER\n\n\n \n\nAs plague ravages the overcrowded Earth, observed \nby a ruthless lunar people, Cinder, a gifted mechanic \nand cyborg, becomes involved with handsome Prince \nKai and must uncover secrets about her past in order \nto protect the world in this futuristic take on the \nCinderella story.\n\n\n \n\n# A Girl Named Digit \nBy Annabel Monaghan \nYA MONAGHAN\n\n\n \n\nAfter identifying a terrorist plot, a brilliant seventeen- \nyear-old girl from Santa Monica, California, gets \ninvolved with the young FBI agent who is trying to \nensure her safety.\n\n\nE very Hidden Thing \nBy Kenneth Oppel \nYA OPPEL\n\n\n \n\nIn the late nineteenth century, a budding romance \ndevelops between Rachel and Samuel, two teenagers \nfrom rival families of fossil hunters heading out to the \nbadlands in seach of a rare dinosaur skeleton.\n\n\n \n\nF ever Crumb \nBy Philip Reeve\n\n\n \n\n# YA REEVE\n\n\n \n\nFoundling Fever Crumb has been raised as an \nengineer although females in the future London, \nEngland, are not believed capable of rational thought, \nbut at age fourteen she leaves her sheltered world and \nbegins to learn startling truths about her past while \nfacing danger in the present.\n\n\n \n\nC ounting by 7s \nBy Holly Goldberg Sloan \nYA SLOAN\n\n\n \n\nTwelve-year-old genius and outsider Willow Chance \nmust figure out how to connect with other people and \nfind a surrogate family for herself after her parents \nare killed in a car accident.\n\n\nI n the Shadow of the Blackbirds \nBy Cat Winters \nYA WINTERS\n\n\n \n\nIn San Diego in 1918, as deadly influenza and World \nWar I take their toll, sixteen-year-old Mary Shelley \nBlack watches desperate mourners flock to s\u00e9ances \nand spirit photographers for comfort and, despite her \nscientific leanings, must consider if ghosts are real \nwhen her first love, killed in battle, returns.\n\n\n \n\nD ouble Helix \nBy Nancy Werlin \nYA WERLIN\n\n\n \n\nEighteen-year-old Eli discovers a shocking secret \nabout his life and his family while working for a \nNobel Prize-winning scientist whose specialty is \ngenetic engineering.\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1550719, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(110,222); bottom-right:(339,509)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='1' style='font-size:22px'>Lisa R. Stark</h1>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:20px'>Partner</h1>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Wilmington<br>+1.302.416.7066</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:14px'>lisa.stark@klgates.com</h1>\n<h1 id='5' style='font-size:18px'>OVERVIEW</h1>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lisa Stark is a partner in the firm's Wilmington office. Lisa has over 15 years of corporate experience in such<br>areas as mergers and acquisitions, strategic investments, initial public offerings, proxy contests, and hostile<br>takeovers. She also has experience advising private and public companies and their boards of directors on<br>corporate governance matters. Lisa also advises private equity and venture capital funds in connection with their<br>investments in Delaware corporations.</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lisa began her career as a corporate litigator and worked on some of the most prominent deal-related cases of<br>the past two decades including:</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 In re Siliconix Inc. Shareholders Litigation, No. Civ. A. 18700, (Del. Ch. June 19, 2001)</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 Loventhal v. Hilton Hotels Corp., C.A. No. 17803 (Sept. 27, 2000)</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 Harrah's Entm't, Inc. v. JCC Holding Co., 802 A.2d 294 (Del. Ch. 2002)</p>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 Benchmark Capital Partners IV L.P. v. Vague, C. A. No. 1979 (Del. Ch. July 15, 2002)</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 Goldman v. Isaacs, No. C.A. No. 18732 (Del. Ch. Dec. 17, 2001)</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\uf0a7 Hollinger Int'l, Inc. v. Black, 844 A.2d 1022 (Del. Ch.), judgment entered, (Del. Ch. 2004), aff'd, 872 A.2d 559<br>(Del. 2005).</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>She continues to provide advice and litigate in connection with deal-related litigation.</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Lisa is very active in the Business Law Section of the American Bar Association. In addition to being the content<br>director and Jurisprudence Subcommittee co-chair for the Private Equity and Venture Capital Committee, she is a<br>Delaware Court liaison for the Mergers and Acquisitions Committee. Lisa is also vice-chair of the Editorial Board<br>of Business Law Today, the Business Law Section's monthly business law publication. She also sits on the<br>Business Law Section's Marketing Board.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Prior to joining the firm, Lisa was a corporate partner at another Wilmington, Delaware law firm.</p>\n<footer id='18' style='font-size:16px'>1</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2765511, "type": "text", "content": "R.C. Fauth et al.\n\n\n \nJournal of Applied Developmental Psychology 52 (2017) 46\u201358\n\n\n \n\nFig. 3. Predicted peer problems over ages 2.5\u20137.5 by sex\n\n\n \n\nand disability.\n\n\n \n\nNote. Estimates from growth curve model (model 3) at\n\n\n \n\nmean values of other covariates.\n\n\nbehaviors. We found that harsh discipline was positively associated \nwith greater levels of all four types of behavioral problems at baseline. \nSimilarly, parental warmth as expressed in their closeness to their child \nwas associated with fewer behavioral problems. Home learning en- \nvironment was negatively associated with conduct problems and hy- \nperactivity, but not peer or emotional problems. We found no evidence \nfor moderation at age 3 or over time: Estimated interactions between \nparenting, LSLI, and age were small and did not approach statistical \nsigni\ufb01cance.\n\n\n4\\. Discussion\n\n\nThe early development of problem behaviors can have con- \nsequences for children's later outcomes. While most children \u201cgrow out\u201d \nof the problem behaviors that are common in early childhood, others do \nnot, and may show elevated levels over time. Early problem behaviors \nthat do not attenuate give way to later problems, including mental \nhealth problems, substance use, and even crime (Caspi, Mo\ufb03tt, \nNewman, & Silva, 1996; Fergusson, John Horwood, & Ridder, 2005;\n\n\n \n\nRoza, Hofstra, van der Ende, & Verhulst, 2003). Given that disabled \nchildren are at risk of disadvantage in adulthood across a range of \ndomains (Berthoud, 2008; Janus, 2009; Lindstrom, 2011; \nLoprest & Maag, 2003), it is relevant to ascertain whether these in- \nequities start to develop in the early years and whether their behavioral \ntrajectories in the early school years are the same or di\ufb00erent to those of \nnon-disabled children. If disabled children are experiencing higher le- \nvels and di\ufb00erent trajectories of behavior problems than their peers \nduring this time, it could indicate a critical point for intervention. Our \n\ufb01ndings provide clear and consistent evidence that in their early pre- \nschool years disabled children su\ufb00er from more challenging expressions \nof behavior than their non-disabled peers, and that in the early school \nyears their trajectories diverge rather than converge.\n\n\n \n\nTwo points stand out from our \ufb01ndings. First, disabled children \n(girls and boys) face sharper increases or slower declines in problem \nbehaviors across three out of the four domains compared to non-dis- \nabled children: hyperactivity, peer problems, and emotional symptoms. \nDisabled children demonstrate greater levels of hyperactivity in the \nearly school years, while their peer relationships and emotional health\n\n\nFig. 4. Predicted emotional problems over ages 2.5\u20137.5 \nby sex and disability. \nNote. Estimates from growth curve model (model 3) at \nmean values of other covariates.\n\n\n \n\nno LSLI LSLI\n\n\n54\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 105225, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nINVESTIGATORS: \nOFF THE HOOK \nJOHN PATRICK GREEN \nISBN: 9781250220004 \n$9.99 | HC | 5.5 x 8.3 | 208 p. | Ages 7-10\n\n\n \n\n# FIRST SECOND\n\n\n \n\n# LILY TO THE RESCUE\n\n\n \n\nW. BRUCE CAMERON \nISBN: 9781250234353 \n$5.99 | PB | 5.4 x 8.3 | 128 p. | Ages 7-10\n\n\n \n\n# STARSCAPE\n\n\n \n\nINVESTIGATORS: \nTAKE THE PLUNGE \nJOHN PATRICK GREEN\n\n\n \n\nISBN: 9781250219985 \n$9.99 | HC | 5.5 x 8.3 | 208 p. | Ages 7-10 \nFIRST SECOND\n\n\n \n\nLILY TO THE RESCUE: \nLOST LITTLE LEOPARD\n\n\n \n\nW. BRUCE CAMERON \nISBN: 9781250762597 \n$15.99 | HC | 5.4 x 8.3 | 128 p. | Ages 7-10\n\n\n \n\nSTARSCAPE STARSCAPE STARSCAPE\n\n\n \n\nISBN: 9781250762566 | $5.99 | PB\n\n\nMAGICAL UNICORN SOCIETY \nOFFICIAL HANDBOOK \nSELWYN E. PHIPPS\n\n\n \n\nISBN: 9781250206190 \n$12.99 | HC | 6.6 x 9 | 128 p. | Ages 8-11 \nFEIWEL & FRIENDS\n\n\n \n\n# Fiction\n\n\nMY THOUGHTS ARE CLOUDS \nPoems for Mindfulness \nGEORGIA HEARD \nISBN: 9781250244680 \n$19.99 | HC | 6 x 9 | 56 p. | Ages 8-12 \nROARING BROOK PRESS\n\n\n \n\nLEGACY: WOMEN POETS OF \nTHE HARLEM RENAISSANCE \nNIKKI GRIMES\n\n\n \n\nISBN: 9781681199443 \n$18.99 | HC | 6 x 7.8 | 144 p. | Ages 10-14 \nBLOOMSBURY\n\n\nUNICORNS \nSELWYN E. PHIPPS\n\n\n \n\nMAGICAL UNICORN SOCIETY: \nA BRIEF HISTORY OF\n\n\nISBN: 9781250251879 \n$12.99 | HC | 6.6 x 9 | 128 p. | Ages 8-11 \nFEIWEL & FRIENDS\n\n\n \n\nLILY TO THE RESCUE: \nTHE MISFIT DONKEY\n\n\n \n\nW. BRUCE CAMERON \nISBN: 9781250762672 \n$15.99 | HC | 5.4 x 8.3 | 128 p. | Ages 7-10\n\n\n \n\nISBN: 9781250762689 | $5.99 | PB\n\n\n \n\nMIGHTY JACK \nBEN HATKE \nISBN: 9781626722644 \n$14.99 | PB | 6 x 8.5 | 208 p. | Ages 8-12\n\n\n \n\nLIBRARIAN OF AUSCHWITZ \nANTONIO ITURBE \nISBN: 9781250211682 \n$12.99 | PB | 5.4 x 8.3 | 464 p. | Ages 13-18\n\n\n \n\nSQUARE FISH\n\n\nONE LAST WORD \nWisdom from the Harlem Renaissance \nNIKKI GRIMES \nISBN: 9781681196022 \n$9.99 | PB | 6 x 7.8 | 128 p. | Ages 10-14 \nBLOOMSBURY\n\n\n \n\nLILY TO THE RESCUE: \nTWO LITTLE PIGGIES\n\n\n \n\nW. BRUCE CAMERON \nISBN: 9781250234452 \n$5.99 | PB | 5.4 x 8.3 | 128 p. | Ages 7-10\n\n\nFIRST SECOND\n\n\nMUSHROOM FAN CLUB \nELISE GRAVEL \nISBN: 9781770463226 \n$17.95 | HC | 6.5 x 9 | 56 p. | Ages 6-99 \nDRAWN AND QUARTERLY\n\n\nSALLY ODGERS\n\n\n \n\nPEARL THE PROPER \nUNICORN\n\n\n113\n\n\n \n\nISBN: 9781250235541 \n$13.99 | HC | 5.5 x 8.3 | 128 p. | Ages 6-8 \nFEIWEL & FRIENDS\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2765532, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='144' style='font-size:14px'>R.C. Fauth et al.</header>\n<br><header id='145' style='font-size:14px'>Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 52 (2017) 46\u201358</header>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='146' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"Boys Girls\nproblems 2.5\nPeer 2\nof\npredictions 1.5\nAdjusted 1\n2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5\nAge\nno LSLI LSLI\" data-coord=\"top-left:(71,106); bottom-right:(817,591)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='147' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 3. Predicted peer problems over ages 2.5\u20137.5 by sex</p>\n<br><p id='148' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>and disability.</p>\n<br><p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Note. Estimates from growth curve model (model 3) at</p>\n<br><p id='150' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>mean values of other covariates.</p>\n<p id='151' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>behaviors. We found that harsh discipline was positively associated<br>with greater levels of all four types of behavioral problems at baseline.<br>Similarly, parental warmth as expressed in their closeness to their child<br>was associated with fewer behavioral problems. Home learning en-<br>vironment was negatively associated with conduct problems and hy-<br>peractivity, but not peer or emotional problems. We found no evidence<br>for moderation at age 3 or over time: Estimated interactions between<br>parenting, LSLI, and age were small and did not approach statistical<br>signi\ufb01cance.</p>\n<p id='152' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>4. Discussion</p>\n<p id='153' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The early development of problem behaviors can have con-<br>sequences for children's later outcomes. While most children \u201cgrow out\u201d<br>of the problem behaviors that are common in early childhood, others do<br>not, and may show elevated levels over time. Early problem behaviors<br>that do not attenuate give way to later problems, including mental<br>health problems, substance use, and even crime (Caspi, Mo\ufb03tt,<br>Newman, & Silva, 1996; Fergusson, John Horwood, & Ridder, 2005;</p>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Roza, Hofstra, van der Ende, & Verhulst, 2003). Given that disabled<br>children are at risk of disadvantage in adulthood across a range of<br>domains (Berthoud, 2008; Janus, 2009; Lindstrom, 2011;<br>Loprest & Maag, 2003), it is relevant to ascertain whether these in-<br>equities start to develop in the early years and whether their behavioral<br>trajectories in the early school years are the same or di\ufb00erent to those of<br>non-disabled children. If disabled children are experiencing higher le-<br>vels and di\ufb00erent trajectories of behavior problems than their peers<br>during this time, it could indicate a critical point for intervention. Our<br>\ufb01ndings provide clear and consistent evidence that in their early pre-<br>school years disabled children su\ufb00er from more challenging expressions<br>of behavior than their non-disabled peers, and that in the early school<br>years their trajectories diverge rather than converge.</p>\n<br><p id='155' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Two points stand out from our \ufb01ndings. First, disabled children<br>(girls and boys) face sharper increases or slower declines in problem<br>behaviors across three out of the four domains compared to non-dis-<br>abled children: hyperactivity, peer problems, and emotional symptoms.<br>Disabled children demonstrate greater levels of hyperactivity in the<br>early school years, while their peer relationships and emotional health</p>\n<p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Fig. 4. Predicted emotional problems over ages 2.5\u20137.5<br>by sex and disability.<br>Note. Estimates from growth curve model (model 3) at<br>mean values of other covariates.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1550712, "type": "text", "content": " \n\n# Lisa R. Stark\n\n\n \n\n# Partner\n\n\nWilmington \n+1.302.416.7066\n\n\n# lisa.stark@klgates.com\n\n\n# OVERVIEW\n\n\nLisa Stark is a partner in the firm's Wilmington office. Lisa has over 15\nyears of corporate experience in such \nareas as mergers and acquisitions, strategic investments, initial public\nofferings, proxy contests, and hostile \ntakeovers. She also has experience advising private and public companies and\ntheir boards of directors on \ncorporate governance matters. Lisa also advises private equity and venture\ncapital funds in connection with their \ninvestments in Delaware corporations.\n\n\n \n\nLisa began her career as a corporate litigator and worked on some of the most\nprominent deal-related cases of \nthe past two decades including:\n\n\n\uf0a7 In re Siliconix Inc. Shareholders Litigation, No. Civ. A. 18700, (Del. Ch.\nJune 19, 2001)\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 Loventhal v. Hilton Hotels Corp., C.A. No. 17803 (Sept. 27, 2000)\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 Harrah's Entm't, Inc. v. JCC Holding Co., 802 A.2d 294 (Del. Ch. 2002)\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 Benchmark Capital Partners IV L.P. v. Vague, C. A. No. 1979 (Del. Ch. July\n15, 2002)\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 Goldman v. Isaacs, No. C.A. No. 18732 (Del. Ch. Dec. 17, 2001)\n\n\n \n\n\uf0a7 Hollinger Int'l, Inc. v. Black, 844 A.2d 1022 (Del. Ch.), judgment entered,\n(Del. Ch. 2004), aff'd, 872 A.2d 559 \n(Del. 2005).\n\n\n \n\nShe continues to provide advice and litigate in connection with deal-related\nlitigation.\n\n\n \n\nLisa is very active in the Business Law Section of the American Bar\nAssociation. In addition to being the content \ndirector and Jurisprudence Subcommittee co-chair for the Private Equity and\nVenture Capital Committee, she is a \nDelaware Court liaison for the Mergers and Acquisitions Committee. Lisa is\nalso vice-chair of the Editorial Board \nof Business Law Today, the Business Law Section's monthly business law\npublication. She also sits on the \nBusiness Law Section's Marketing Board.\n\n\nPROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND\n\n\nPrior to joining the firm, Lisa was a corporate partner at another Wilmington,\nDelaware law firm.\n\n\n1\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3058, "type": "text", "content": "# Access Free Perchance To Dream Theatre \nIlluminata 2 Lisa Mantchev\n\n\n \n\n# Lisa Mantchev\n\n\n \n\n# ...\n\n\n \n\nLisa Mantchev is the author of the Theatre \nIlluminata series, including Perchance to \nDream and Eyes Like Stars. She wrote her \nfirst play in fourth grade and has been \ninvolved in theater ever since. In her senior \nyear at the University of California, Irvine, \nshe won the Chancellor's Award For \nUndergraduate Research.\n\n\n# Amazon.com: Perchance to Dream (Theatre \nIlluminata ...\n\n\n \n\nBuy Perchance to Dream: Theatre Illuminata #2 \nby Mantchev, Lisa online on Amazon.ae at best \nPage 12/17\n\n", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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Lisa Mantchev's career spans from a very young age. Create a hypothetical growth curve of her accomplishments, then suggest how this trajectory might continue based on past achievements, factoring in temporal and numerical reasoning.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 905, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "textual reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2965581, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nIEEE 802.11b (2.4GHz): 11 Mbps* \nIEEE 802.11g (2.4GHz): 54 Mbps* \nIEEE 802.11n (2.4GHz): 72.2 Mbps* \nIEEE 802.11a (5GHz): 54 Mbps* \nIEEE 802.11n (5GHz): 150.0 Mbps* \nIEEE 802.11ac (5GHz): 325 Mbps*\n\n\nOther\n\n\n \n\nOperating Temperature 41 \u02da to 104 \u02daF (0 \u02da to 40 \u02daC) (20 \u2013 \n80% humidity, no condensation) \nPower Supply Voltage 100 \u2013 240 V AC \u00b1 10%, 50/60 Hz \nPower Consumption \nNormal Mode: 267W \nQuiet Mode: 206 W \nStandby Mode: 2.0 W \nEnergy-saving Mode: 0.5 W \nFan Noise \nNormal Mode: 36 dB \nQuiet Mode: 26 dB \nSecurity Enterprise Level Security Encryption \nCountry of Origin China\n\n\n \n\n*These modes and actual data throughputs depend \non supported wireless mode of source devices and/or \nenvironmental conditions.\n\n\nEpson America, Inc. \n3840 Kilroy Airport Way, Long Beach, CA 90806\n\n\n \n\nDimensions (W x D x H)\n\n\n \n\nProjector (Including Feet) 14.1\" x 6.4\" x 15.6\" \nWeight 12.5 lbs\n\n\n \n\nRemote Control\n\n\n \n\nFeatures Source Search, HDMI, Computer, USB, LAN, \nKeystone, Effect, USB Viewer, ID, Default, User, E-Zoom, Color \nMode, Aspect, A/V Mute, Split, Freeze, Home\n\n\n \n\nOperating Angle \nFront: Right/left: -30 to +30 degrees \nUpper/lower: 0 to +60 degrees \nRear: Right/left: -55 to +55 degrees \nUpper/lower: +75 to +15 degrees \nOperating Distance 20 ft (6 m)\n\n\n \n\nEco Features\n\n\n \n\nRoHS compliant \nRecyclable product6 \nEpson America, Inc. is a SmartWay\u00ae Transport Partner7\n\n\nEPSON and PowerLite are registered trademarks, EPSON Exceed Your Vision is a\nregistered logomark and Better Products for a \nBetter Future and Epson iProjection are trademarks of Seiko Epson Corporation.\nEpson Connection is a service mark of Epson \nAmerica, Inc. Miracast\u00ae is a registered trademark of Wi-Fi Alliance\u00ae. All\nother product and brand names are trademarks and/or \nregistered trademarks of their respective companies. Epson disclaims any and\nall rights in these marks. Copyright 2020 Epson \nAmerica, Inc. CPD-59382 8/20\n\n\n \n\nSupport\n\n\n \n\nEpson ConnectionSM\n\n\n \n\nPre-sales support: U.S. and Canada (800) 463-7766 \nInternet website: www.epson.com\n\n\nWhat\u2019s in the Box\n\n\n \n\nService Programs 3-year projector limited warranty or \n20,000 hours, whichever comes first. \nEpson Road Service program dedicated toll-free support (U.S. \nand Canada only)\n\n\nOrdering Information\n\n\n \n\nPowerLite 750F, Quick Setup Guide, Projector Remote Control, \n2x AA Batteries, Power Cable, projector feet\n\n\nEpson Canada Limited www.epson.com \n185 Renfrew Drive, Markham, Ontario L3R 6G3 www.epson.ca\n\n\nContact:\n\n\n \nProjector \nDigital \nSignage \nand \nEducation\n\n\nwww.epson.com/education\n\n\nSpecification Sheet | Page 2 of 2\n\n\n \n\nwww.epson.com/digitalsignage\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 68172, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='58' style='font-size:22px'>HAND-HELD DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS</header>\n<h1 id='59' style='font-size:18px'>52253 ROUND VANE</h1>\n<figure><img id='60' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(159,184); bottom-right:(298,408)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Temperature Range/Resolution/Accuracy:</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 -4 to 140\u02daF (-20 to 60\u02daC)<br>\u2022 0.2\u02daF (0.1\u02daC)<br>\u2022 \u00b10.6\u02daC (1.1\u02daF) (-20 to 50\u02daC<br>(-4 to 122\u02daF)),<br>\u00b11.2\u02daC (2.2\u02daF) at other range-humidity Range/</p>\n<br><h1 id='63' style='font-size:16px'>Resolution/Accuracy:</h1>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 0.1% to 99.9% RH<br>\u2022 0.1% RH<br>\u2022 \u00b13% RH (at 77\u02daF (25\u02daC), 10 to<br>90% RH), \u00b15% RH at other range</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>Wind-speed Range/Resolution/Accuracy:<br>\u2022 0.6 to 32 m/s<br>\u2022 0.1 m/s<br>\u2022 \u00b12% of full scale</p>\n<h1 id='66' style='font-size:18px'>52254 ANTENNA TYPE METER</h1>\n<br><p id='67' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Temperature Range/Resolution/Accuracy:</p>\n<br><p id='68' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 -4 to 140\u02daF (-20 to 60\u02daC)<br>\u2022 0.2\u02daF (0.1\u02daC)<br>\u2022 \u00b10.6\u02daC (1.1\u02daF) (-20 to 50\u02daC<br>(-4 to 122\u02daF)), \u00b11.2\u02daC (2.2\u02daF) at other range</p>\n<br><p id='69' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Humidity Range/Resolution/Accuracy:</p>\n<br><figure><img id='70' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(192,561); bottom-right:(275,924)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 0.1% to 99.9% RH<br>\u2022 0.1% RH<br>\u2022 \u00b13% RH (at 25\u02daC (77\u02daF), 10 to 90% RH),<br>\u00b15% RH at other range</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Wind-speed Range/Resolution/Accuracy:</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 0.5 to 25 m/s<br>\u2022 0.1 m/s<br>\u2022 \u00b1(2% of reading +0.3 m/s)</p>\n<h1 id='74' style='font-size:18px'>52252 PRESSURE TRANSDUCER</h1>\n<figure><img id='75' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(193,990); bottom-right:(274,1209)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Operating Pressure Range: 0-750 psi (0-52 bar)<br>\u2022 1/4FL Swivel nut connection<br>\u2022 Accuracy: \u00b10.5, \u00b11% F.S.<br>\u2022 Operating Temperature: -40 to 100\u02daC<br>(-40 to 212\u02daF)<br>\u2022 Certification: CE, Explosion-proof D<br>EMC: EN50081-1/-2: EMS: EN50082-2</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>52336 CLAMP-ON THERMOCOUPLE (extends 3 ft (1 M))</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>Temperature Range/Resolution<br>\u2022 -40 to 250\u02daF (-40 to 121\u02daC)<br>\u2022 0.2\u02daF (0.1\u02daC)</p>\n<br><figure><img id='79' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(150,1280); bottom-right:(299,1496)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='80' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(678,181); bottom-right:(1200,405)\" /></figure>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Just two measurements with the probe will give the target temperature split and<br>actual temperature split across the evaporator and compare the two.</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Probe will<br>measure dry<br>bulb, wet<br>bulb, relative<br>humidity,<br>dew point, air<br>velocity and air<br>volume.</p>\n<p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Get target<br>superheat<br>temperature by<br>following screen<br>instructions<br>for two simple<br>measurements<br>with the probe.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='84' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(716,559); bottom-right:(1196,905)\" /></figure>\n<figure><img id='85' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Pressure transducer and thermocouple will\nmeasure saturated temperature and actual\ntemperature, to calculate actual superheat\nand subcool temperature.\nSystem will compare target and actual superheat.\" data-coord=\"top-left:(677,985); bottom-right:(1197,1354)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='86' style='font-size:20px'>45</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2072742, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>shown in a display that kept crowds at least three feet<br>away. One of the new 40\" rear-screen LCD projectors<br>weighs under 100 pounds, and is 16\" deep; the light<br>source can be external, solving the cooling problem. The<br>picture is not yet as good as conventional sets, but the<br>technology is promising.</p>\n<br><p id='50' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>\u2014</p>\n<br><p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>E. Brad Meyer (Massachusetts)</p>\n<footer id='52' style='font-size:14px'>page 1 4</footer>\n<br><footer id='53' style='font-size:14px'>The BAS Speaker \u2022 volume 17 number 3</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1568607, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='17' style='font-size:16px'>BHT144D2705<br>Liquid Crystal Display</header>\n<br><table id='18' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Product</td><td>Specification</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='19' style='font-size:20px'>8 .INSPECTION CRITERIA</h1>\n<h1 id='20' style='font-size:16px'>8 .1.1Environmental conditions</h1>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he environmental conditions for inspection shall be as follows Room temperature: 20\u00b13\u00b0C<br>Humidity: 65\u00b120%RH</p>\n<h1 id='22' style='font-size:16px'>8 .1.2 The external visual inspection</h1>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W ith a single 20-watt fluorescent lamp as the light source, the inspection was in the distance of 30cm or more<br>from the LCD to the inspector's eyes .</p>\n<br><h1 id='24' style='font-size:20px'>8 .2 LIGHT METHOD</h1>\n<figure><img id='25' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(141,679); bottom-right:(1105,1137)\" /></figure>\n<table id='26' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Ver. 1.0</td><td>Jul. 30. 2013</td><td>13 / 21</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 9277, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:20px'>Promote<br>yourself.</h1>\n<figure><img id='1' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(83,332); bottom-right:(892,741)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:22px'>Mirror Head<br>NEC NP-P506QL / CN5550QL</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='3' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(754,762); bottom-right:(1171,1060)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>Item Number: MH12-P50QL</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Mirror Head is a modern high-tech mirror that is digitally<br>operated and is used as an add-on feature for projectors.<br>It can be set to move either rapidly or slowly to project<br>pictures, videos and texts onto any imaginable surface.</p>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Through its high level of performance, the entire system<br>guarantees highly accurate positioning. It is important to<br>note that the Mirror Head is also extendable to almost<br>every projector and a quality product made in Austria.</p>\n<p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Static projection belongs to the past. The journey into a new<br>visual experience begins here. Our technology paves the<br>way to unprecedented possibilities in lighting, projection<br>and interior design.</p>\n<br><figure><img id='8' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(710,1161); bottom-right:(1178,1580)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='9' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright \u00a9 2014-2021 Dynamic Projection Institute GmbH. All rights reserved. http://www.dynamicprojection.com<br>The illustrations may differ in some details from the original. Subject to change without prior notice.</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 608199, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='39' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Relative humidity</td><td>5\u202695\u00a0%</td></tr><tr><td>Net weight</td><td>7.7\u00a0kg</td></tr><tr><td>Colour</td><td>White (RAL 9003) Grey (RAL 7016)</td></tr></table>\n<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Packing Units</p>\n<br><table id='41' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Unit Type of Package 1</td><td>PCE</td></tr><tr><td>Number of Units in Package 1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Package 1 Weight</td><td>9.722\u00a0kg</td></tr><tr><td>Package 1 Height</td><td>27\u00a0cm</td></tr><tr><td>Package 1 width</td><td>40\u00a0cm</td></tr><tr><td>Package 1 Length</td><td>54\u00a0cm</td></tr></table>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Offer Sustainability</p>\n<br><table id='43' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Sustainable offer status</td><td>Green Premium product</td></tr><tr><td>REACh Regulation</td><td>REACh Declaration</td></tr><tr><td>EU RoHS Directive</td><td>Compliant EU RoHS Declaration</td></tr><tr><td>Mercury free</td><td>Yes</td></tr><tr><td>RoHS exemption information</td><td>Yes</td></tr><tr><td>China RoHS Regulation</td><td>China RoHS Declaration</td></tr><tr><td>Environmental Disclosure</td><td>Product Environmental Profile</td></tr><tr><td>Circularity Profile</td><td>End Of Life Information</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='44' style='font-size:14px'>2</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 822217, "type": "text", "content": "Chapter 2: Installation\n\n\n# Installation environment\n\n\nWhen installing your product, consider these factors:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Ventilation \n\u2022 Temperature \n\u2022 Moisture \n\u2022 Chassis load\n\n\n \n\nVentilation: Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance with\nthe \nmanufacturer\u2019s instructions. Ensure that the location planned for the\ninstallation of \nthe unit is well ventilated.\n\n\n \n\nTemperature: Consider the TVR 30\u2019s operating temperature (32 to 104\u00b0F, 0 to\n40\u00b0C) \nand humidity specifications (10 to 90% relative, noncondensing) before\nchoosing an \ninstallation location. Extremes of heat or cold beyond the specified operating \ntemperature limits may reduce the life expectancy of the TVR 30. Do not\ninstall the \nTVR 30 on top of other hot equipment. Leave 1.75 inches (44 mm) of space\nbetween \nrack mounted TVR 30 units.\n\n\n \n\nMoisture: Do not use the unit near water. Moisture can damage the internal \ncomponents. To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this\nunit to rain \nor moisture.\n\n\n \n\nChassis: Equipment weighing less than 35 lbs (15.9 kg) may be placed on top of\nthe \nTVR 30 only if the TVR 30 is placed on a shelf and not rack mounted.\n\n\n \n\nBe sure to power off the unit before making any connections. In order to\nprevent the \nunit from losing data and system damage that may be caused by sudden power,\nuse \nof an uninterruptible power supply is highly recommended.\n\n\n \n\nNote: Do not remove the rubber feet, and always leave a space for air\nventilation on \nthe unit\u2019s bottom side.\n\n\n# Unpacking the TVR 30 and its accessories\n\n\nWhen you receive the product, check the package and contents for damage, and \nverify that all items are included. There is an item list included in the\npackage. If any \nof the items are damaged or missing, please contact your local supplier.\n\n\n \n\nItems shipped with the product include:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 TruVision DVR 30 \n\u2022 IR (infrared) remote control \n\u2022 Two AAA batteries for the remote control\n\n\n4\n\n\n \nTruVision DVR 30 User Manual\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2965584, "type": "html", "content": "<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Projector (Including Feet) 14.1\" x 6.4\" x 15.6\"<br>Weight 12.5 lbs</p>\n<br><p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Remote Control</p>\n<br><p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Features Source Search, HDMI, Computer, USB, LAN,<br>Keystone, Effect, USB Viewer, ID, Default, User, E-Zoom, Color<br>Mode, Aspect, A/V Mute, Split, Freeze, Home</p>\n<br><p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Operating Angle<br>Front: Right/left: -30 to +30 degrees<br>Upper/lower: 0 to +60 degrees<br>Rear: Right/left: -55 to +55 degrees<br>Upper/lower: +75 to +15 degrees<br>Operating Distance 20 ft (6 m)</p>\n<br><p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Eco Features</p>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RoHS compliant<br>Recyclable product6<br>Epson America, Inc. is a SmartWay\u00ae Transport Partner7</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>EPSON and PowerLite are registered trademarks, EPSON Exceed Your Vision is a registered logomark and Better Products for a<br>Better Future and Epson iProjection are trademarks of Seiko Epson Corporation. Epson Connection is a service mark of Epson<br>America, Inc. Miracast\u00ae is a registered trademark of Wi-Fi Alliance\u00ae. All other product and brand names are trademarks and/or<br>registered trademarks of their respective companies. Epson disclaims any and all rights in these marks. Copyright 2020 Epson<br>America, Inc. CPD-59382 8/20</p>\n<br><figure><img id='78' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(484,1374); bottom-right:(604,1419)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Support</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Epson ConnectionSM</p>\n<br><p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Pre-sales support: U.S. and Canada (800) 463-7766<br>Internet website: www.epson.com</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>What\u2019s in the Box</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Service Programs 3-year projector limited warranty or<br>20,000 hours, whichever comes first.<br>Epson Road Service program dedicated toll-free support (U.S.<br>and Canada only)</p>\n<p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Ordering Information</p>\n<br><p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>PowerLite 750F, Quick Setup Guide, Projector Remote Control,<br>2x AA Batteries, Power Cable, projector feet</p>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Epson Canada Limited www.epson.com<br>185 Renfrew Drive, Markham, Ontario L3R 6G3 www.epson.ca</p>\n<br><table id='87' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>PowerLite 750F</td><td>V11HA08520</td></tr><tr><td>Ultra Short-throw Wall Mount (white)</td><td>V12HA06A05</td></tr><tr><td>Wireless LAN Adapter (ELPAP11)</td><td>V12H005A02</td></tr></table>\n<p id='88' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Contact:</p>\n<br><footer id='89' style='font-size:22px'>Projector<br>Digital<br>Signage<br>and<br>Education</footer>\n<p id='90' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>www.epson.com/education</p>\n<footer id='91' style='font-size:16px'>Specification Sheet | Page 2 of 2</footer>\n<br><p id='92' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>www.epson.com/digitalsignage</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 9278, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='10' style='font-size:22px'>Promote<br>yourself.</h1>\n<h1 id='11' style='font-size:20px'>Technical Specifications Mirror Head NEC P506QL / CN5550QL</h1>\n<figure><img id='12' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"480 345\" data-coord=\"top-left:(105,373); bottom-right:(426,550)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='13' style='font-size:18px' alt=\"276\n238 400\n168 657\n245\" data-coord=\"top-left:(441,332); bottom-right:(1145,634)\" /></figure>\n<br><h1 id='14' style='font-size:16px'>MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS</h1>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>OPERATION SPECIFICATIONS / FEATURES</p>\n<br><table id='16' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Fixture dimensions in mm (W/D/H):</td><td>480 x 657 x 276</td></tr><tr><td>Fixture total weight:</td><td>20,8 kg</td></tr><tr><td>Projector weight:</td><td>11,5 kg</td></tr><tr><td>Mirror Head unit only:</td><td>9,3 kg</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='17' style='font-size:16px'>ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS</h1>\n<br><p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Input Power: 100-240V / 2-1A / 50-60Hz,</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Output Power:</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Max. 10A (3-prong C14 male socket)<br>AC loop trough for projector<br>(3-prong C13 female socket )<br>Max. 8A - cable included</p>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Caution! There are no user serviceable parts (fuse) inside this unit.</p>\n<h1 id='22' style='font-size:16px'>PROJECTOR COMPATIBILITY</h1>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NP-P506QL / CN5550QL<br>3840 x 2160 (4K UHD)<br>5000 ANSI Lumens<br>C.R.: 500000:1<br>T .R.: 1.13-1.7:1</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Due to optical reasons we recommend a throw ratio over 1.6:1.</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>IMPORTANT NOTE: For information about the specifications, operations<br>and use of the projector please read the instruction manual of the projector.<br>https://www.sharpnecdisplays.eu/p/eeme/en/products/details/t/Projectors/<br>Laser-Projectors/rp/P506QL.xhtml</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To protect the environment,<br>please try to recycle the packing<br>material as much as possible.</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 DMX-512 control over 14 DMX channels<br>\u2022 DMX IN / OUT port (5-pin male and female XLR<br>connectors)<br>\u2022 Art-Net\u2122 connection (RJ45) (Art-Net\u2122 designed<br>by and Copyright Artistic Licence Holdings Ltd.)<br>\u2022 Mirror Tilt modes: 90\u00b0 & 162\u00b0<br>\u2022 Mirror Pan mode: 180\u00b0<br>\u2022 High resolution micro step motors with<br>maintenance free direct drive<br>\u2022 Self calibrating mirror position for high accuracy<br>\u2022 Absolut reposition accuracy <0,03\u00b0<br>\u2022 Movement accuracy: Pan and Tilt from the<br>same direction to the programmed point within<br>approximately 0,01\u00b0<br>\u2022 RS232 remote control connection for projector<br>\u2022 (D-sub 9 male) - cable included<br>\u2022 Flashable firmware (Mini USB)<br>\u2022 High resolution LED-Display for easy configuration<br>\u2022 LED-Display backlight auto turn off for energy<br>saving<br>\u2022 LED-Display Flip / Flop mode for easy reading in<br>difficult positions<br>\u2022 Coated mirror for optimum reflection ~98%<br>refraction factor<br>\u2022 Optimized mirror optics for the specific projector<br>\u2022 Ambient Light LED with high power 3 Colour LEDs<br>(17,9 Watt total)<br>\u2022 High durability black powder-coating surface<br>finishing<br>\u2022 Mounting plate optimized for specific projector<br>mounting<br>\u2022 Easy to adjust mounting system<br>\u2022 Heavy-use truss or wall mounting supports<br>\u2022 Passive cooled system (excluding projector)<br>\u2022 Environmental tolerances: Ambient operating<br>temperature range: 5\u00b0\u201335\u00b0C, Humidity: 20%\u201380%<br>(non-condensing)<br>\u2022 Package includes: RS232 cable, AC-loop through<br>cable, Quick installation guide</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 9279, "type": "html", "content": "<footer id='28' style='font-size:14px'>Copyright \u00a9 2014-2021 Dynamic Projection Institute GmbH. All rights reserved. http://www.dynamicprojection.com<br>The illustrations may differ in some details from the original. Subject to change without prior notice.</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}]
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If you add another projector identical to the existing one, calculate the total weight. Then, determine how many times heavier this new total weight is compared to just the Mirror Head unit. Finally, assess if this entire setup can operate within a room having different environmental constraints of 90% humidity and 10°C temperature.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 906, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 111366, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Following discussion, the motion carried by a 4-1 vote with Councilmember Johnson<br>voting against.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>1 6. RESOLUTION APPROVING PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS AND AUTHORIZING<br>ADVERTISEMENT FOR BIDS FOR RAYMOND AVENUE N.E. AREA NEIGHBORHOOD<br>IMPROVEMENTS \u2013 AREA B, CONTRACT 2015-02B. ACTION TAKEN: Resolution adopted and<br>assigned number 2015-3-27.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>1 7. RESOLUTION RECEIVING CITY ENGINEER\u2019S REPORT AND SETTING A PUBLIC HEARING FOR<br>MARCH 23, 2015, TO CONSIDER 2015 PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES FOR<br>BITUMINOUS MILL AND OVERLAY, CRACK SEAL AND SEAL COAT IMPROVEMENTS. ACTION<br>TAKEN: Resolution adopted and assigned number 2015-3-28.</p>\n<h1 id='25' style='font-size:16px'>O PEN FORUM: No one spoke.</h1>\n<h1 id='26' style='font-size:14px'>P UBLIC HEARINGS:</h1>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>1 8. AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE RIVER'S EDGE CONVENTION CENTER ADVISORY</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>BOARD. Mayor Dave Kleis spoke to the original establishment of the board, noting that<br>the board has provided good external advice. He discouraged including a Council<br>member on the advisory board, which was originally established to obtain citizen input<br>and grass roots advice. Tony Goddard, Director of Community Services and Facilities,<br>stated that the board members are professionals connected to the hospitality industry.<br>Administration recommends eliminating the automatic two-year sunset provision.<br>Council President Goerger opened the public hearing. No one spoke. The public hearing<br>was closed. It was moved by Councilmember Masters, seconded by Councilmember<br>Johnson, to adopt the ordinance as presented. The motion unanimously carried. The<br>adopted ordinance was assigned number 2616.</p>\n<h1 id='29' style='font-size:16px'>O PEN DISCUSSION & ANNOUNCEMENTS:</h1>\n<p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>C ouncil President Goerger announced the add-on resolution entitled, \u201cResolution<br>Establishing Topics for Study Sessions for 2015.\u201d City Administrator Mike Williams had<br>ranked the order of the top vote-getting topics. It was moved by Councilmember Libert,<br>seconded by Councilmember Johnson, to adopt the resolution as presented. The motion<br>unanimously carried. The adopted resolution was assigned number 2015-3-29.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 111365, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Councilmember Lewis for separate discussion. It was moved by Councilmember Lewis,<br>seconded by Councilmember Johnson, to approve subject to receipt of favorable public<br>safety review. Diane Kroska, St. Cloud Rotary Chairperson, gave kudos to city staff for<br>last year\u2019s assistance and circulated posters highlighting the Wednesday evening music<br>schedule for 2015 SummerTime by George. Mayor Kleis acknowledged the St. Cloud<br>Rotary for celebrating its 90th year. The issues of monitoring impending storms,<br>amplification of music, and containment of liquor sales were addressed. The motion<br>unanimously carried.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>1 0. APPLICATION FOR A TEMPORARY ON-SALE INTOXICATING LIQUOR LICENSE FOR THE<br>STEARNS COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY FOR A FUNDRAISING EVENT TO BE HELD AT THE<br>MUSEUM ON THURSDAY, APRIL 23, 2015. ACTION TAKEN: Approved.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 1. APPLICATION FOR (A) TEMPORARY ON-SALE INTOXICATING LIQUOR LICENSE; AND (B)<br>EXEMPTION FROM THE CITY'S NOISE ORDINANCE FOR ST. KATHARINE DREXEL SCHOOL FOR<br>A MAYFEST FUNDRAISING EVENT TO BE HELD ON MAY 15, 2015, AT THE SCHOOL, 428 2ND<br>STREET SE. ACTION TAKEN: Approved.</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 2. RESOLUTION APPROVING A BUSINESS SUBSIDY AGREEMENT REGARDING THE CMMB,<br>LLLP AND PARK INDUSTRIES, INC. PROJECT. ACTION TAKEN: Councilmember Lewis pulled<br>this item for discussion. It was moved by Councilmember Lewis, seconded by<br>Councilmember Johnson, to approve the resolution as submitted. Lewis requested more<br>information regarding the item. Community Development Director Matt Glaesman<br>noted that there are no changes to the terms of the agreement adopted this past<br>September. This is simply a procedural step to get the document signed. The motion<br>unanimously carried. Resolution adopted and assigned number 2015-3-26.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 3. AMENDMENT #1 TO THE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES CONTRACT FOR DESIGN PHASE AND<br>BIDDING SERVICES FOR THE WATER TREATMENT FACILITY FLOW TRAIN III PROJECT. ACTION<br>TAKEN: Approved.</p>\n<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>1 4. SET PUBLIC HEARING DATE FOR APRIL 20, 2015 REGARDING CDBG 2015-2019<br>CONSOLIDATED PLAN AND PROGRAM YEAR 2015 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN. ACTION TAKEN:<br>Approved.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 5. AUTHORIZE THE MAYOR AND CITY CLERK TO EXECUTE DOCUMENTS EXCHANGING<br>PROPERTY NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF 33RD STREET SOUTH AND COUNTY ROAD 74 WITH ISD</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>742. ACTION TAKEN: This item was pulled by Councilmember Lewis for discussion. It was<br>moved by Councilmember Lewis, seconded by Councilmember Masters, to authorize<br>the execution of the documents. Councilmember Johnson spoke to the history of this<br>land swap and asked to receive a copy of the most recent appraisal reports. He then<br>made a motion to defer this item to the March 23rd agenda. The motion failed for a lack<br>of a second. Further discussion ensued with comments regarding the easement.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1527589, "type": "text", "content": "VII. PUBLIC HEARINGS\n\n\n \n\nA. Public Hearing \u2013 Should the Board of Trustees approve an application for a\nTavern Liquor License for \nGood Behavior, LLC dba The Slammer\n\n\n \n\nThe Board will consider issuing a liquor license to Good Behavior, LLC dba The\nSlammer, 412 E. Main Street, \nLucas Ross, owner. (Estimated time - 5 minutes)\n\n\nB. Public Hearing \u2013 Should the Board of Trustees approve an application for a\nRetail Marijuana Store \nLicense for Ascend II, LLC dba Ascend Cannabis Company \nThe Board will consider issuing a Retail Marijuana Store License to Ascend II,\nLLC dba Ascend Cannabis \nCompany located at 204 E. Main Street, Scott Embree, Scott Embree Jr. and\nSteven Embree, owners. \n(Estimated time - 10 minutes)\n\n\nV III. STAFF REPORTS \u2013 (Estimated time \u2013 30 minutes)\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Town Administrator \n2\\. Town Treasurer \n3\\. Police Chief \n4\\. Recreation Director\n\n\n# I X. BUSINESS ITEMS\n\n\n \n\nA. Chaffee County Housing Authority Intergovernmental Agreement\n\n\n \n\nAdoption of Resolution No. 32, Series 2021 entitled, \u201cA RESOLUTION OF THE\nBOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR \nTHE TOWN OF BUENA VISTA, COLORADO, APPROVING AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT \nFOR THE FUNDING OF THE CHAFFEE COUNTY MULTIJURISDICTIONAL HOUSING AUTHORITY.\u201d?\n\n\n \n\nThe Board will consider approving an Intergovernmental Agreement for funding\nthe Chaffee County \nMultijurisdictional Housing Authority. (Estimated time \u2013 5 minutes)\n\n\nB . Short-Term Rentals Policy Discussion\n\n\n \n\nStaff will present a policy framework to address the expressed desires of the\nBoard. \n(Estimated time \u2013 20 minutes)\n\n\n# X . TRUSTEE/STAFF INTERACTION\n\n\n \n\nThe Board discusses items with staff, and staff can bring up matters, not on\nthe agenda.\n\n\nX I. EXECUTIVE SESSION\n\n\n \n\nA. An executive session to determine positions relative to matters that may be\nsubject to negotiations, develop a \nstrategy for negotiations, and/or instruct negotiations, pursuant to C.R.S.\n24-6-402(4)(e), concerning the \npotential annexation and master planning of the Triview property adjacent to\nthe Town Rodeo grounds.\n\n\nB. An executive session to determine positions relative to matters that may be\nsubject to negotiations, develop a \nstrategy for negotiations, and/or instruct negotiations, pursuant to C.R.S.\n24-6-402(4)(e), concerning the \npotential acquisition of water rights.\n\n\n# XII. ADJOURNMENT\n\n\nThis Agenda may be Amended \nPosted at Buena Vista Town Hall, Post Office, and www.buenavistaco.gov on\nFriday, July 9, 2021\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2100907, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>COMMITTEE ON CULTURAL AFFAIRS, LIBRARIES AND<br>1<br>INTERNATIONAL INTERGROUP RELATIONS 49<br>2 grace periods for licensees to submit renewal<br>3 applications.<br>4 The Mayor has of course also issued Executive<br>5 Order 107 which extends license terms for the<br>6 duration of the state of emergency and if the state<br>7 of emergency extends beyond June 30th, we will extend<br>8 our deadlines accordingly.<br>9 DCWP has also been responsive to stakeholders.<br>10 Although prohibited by state statute from extending<br>11 the license expiration date of employment agencies,<br>12 we acted where we could and extend that the renewal<br>13 application grace period deadline to August 28, in<br>14 response to questions from the industry. The<br>15 complete licensing extension guidance is available on<br>16 our website and in multiple languages as I said.<br>17 My staff and I have also been in close contact<br>18 with the City Council through the COVID-19 crisis.<br>19 Our partnership facilitated a Mayoral Executive order<br>20 waiving consent fees for sidewalk caf\u00e9\u2019s for<br>21 dependency of the state of emergency. We are<br>22 processing refunds as quickly as possible and are on<br>23 track to complete final steps over the next few<br>24 weeks.<br>25</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3156529, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='71' style='font-size:18px'>Item #: 10.4</header>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>businesses who were able to take advantage, this also deepened the inequality between the<br>two commercial hubs. As construction drags on, this summer will see a repeat of that situation.</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he full extent of the accompanying losses will not be known until the project is complete, and<br>we understand that municipal budgets are already finalized for 2021. Therefore, we ask for a<br>commitment to review a financial impact report provided by affected businesses in Fall of 2021<br>and, based on these findings, to consider an appropriate subsidy in the 2022 budget.</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>S hould there be an opportunity for financial supports to be provided at an earlier date, this<br>would of course benefit many businesses who are currently struggling to stay afloat.</p>\n<h1 id='75' style='font-size:18px'>3 . Communication</h1>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>W e appreciate the steps that have been taken so far in response to our concerns. While each<br>business has experienced their own challenges regarding communication, there are a few<br>adjustments that might benefit everyone:</p>\n<p id='77' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Construction updates on a Friday, indicating how much of the week\u2019s planned work was<br>actually completed and how that might impact weekend operations.<br>\u2022 Follow \u2013 up; while submitting a request or grievance through the Bear Street Talk<br>channel is simple, there is often no clear resolution to the issue. We suggest that all<br>questions/complaints submitted be shared with the stakeholder group at the Monday<br>meeting and the response, or lack thereof, explained. Stakeholders could then approve<br>of the follow-up action and remove the item from the list, or keep it as an ongoing<br>concern for discussion each week.<br>\u2022 We would like to see a plan for accelerating construction if circumstances allowed. With<br>the varying needs of our businesses, it is unwise to make blanket statements about<br>when construction could feasibly take place outside of the regular hours. However,<br>stakeholders would like to be presented with options. It would be prudent for the<br>project leads to be prepared should further pandemic restrictions create a window for<br>extended work without overly impacting revenues.</p>\n<p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>W e would of course be open to further suggestions from the project team on how the flow of<br>information can be improved and constructive collaboration achieved.</p>\n<h1 id='79' style='font-size:18px'>4 . Landscaping</h1>\n<p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he density of foliage being placed in front of operating businesses continues to be a concern<br>for those businesses that rely on foot traffic and window displays. The concessions that have<br>already been made, and discussions with building owners, are very much appreciated. We<br>understand that the procurement schedule limits the available options and that thought must<br>be given to symmetry and the traffic functions of the landscaping pods.</p>\n<footer id='81' style='font-size:14px'>Revised Agenda for the 2021 April 26 Virtual Regular Meeting of Council</footer>\n<br><footer id='82' style='font-size:18px'>Page 2 of 3</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 623722, "type": "text", "content": "records of establishments that sell liquor, with approval from the Bureau of\nLiquor Enforcement, \nfor the purpose of investigating compliance with licensing requirements. The\nbill also proposed to \nallow municipalities to hold hearings for consideration of requests for\nrenewal of liquor licenses \nand for consideration of the suspension of liquor licenses.\n\n\nLD 1706 An Act to Implement the Recommendations of the \nTask Force on Alcoholic Beverage Sales\n\n\n \n\nDIED BETWEEN BODIES\n\n\nLD 1706 proposed to implement the unanimous recommendations of the Task Force\non Alcoholic \nBeverage Sales.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed to require the State to move as expeditiously as possible to\nclose all state liquor \nstores with the goal of completing that process by August 31, 1996. The bill\nproposed that before \na state store could be closed, there must be at least one reselling agency\nstore within a -mile 10 \nradius of the store closed.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed that the transition to full privatization of delivery of\nwholesale and distribution \nfunctions be completed by February 1, 1998 through contracting with a private\nprovider of \nintegrated services. The bill proposed to require the Bureau of Alcoholic\nBeverages to develop \ncontract performance standards and manage the bidding process. The bill\nproposed that the State \nretain control of approving products that are listed for sale in Maine, the\ndetermination of the \nwholesale price, the oversight of contracts with private service providers and\nthe management of \nrevenue collection. The bill proposed to require that the Bureau of Alcoholic\nBeverages establish \na liquor tax that generates the same amount of revenue from the sale of\nalcoholic beverages as \nwas generated in fiscal year 1994-95. Concern was raised that this tax\nprovision of the bill might \nviolate the constitutional prohibition on delegation of taxing authority.\nStaff provided an oral \nopinion and the Attorney General provided a written opinion that concluded\nthat the provision \nwould not violate the constitutional prohibition.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed to require the State to provide some retraining and\noutplacement assistance to \ndisplaced state employees.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed to remove limitations on the number of agency stores\nbeginning April 1, 1996. \nThe bill proposed to eliminate requirements in current law regarding proximity\nto existing stores \nbut to retain proximity requirements regarding churches and schools.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed that any agent that is federally registered as a wholesale\ndealer be permitted to \nresell to another agent or to an on-premise licensee. The bill proposed to\nallow the Bureau of \nAlcoholic Beverages and Lottery Operations to develop wholesale purchase\ndiscounts for \nreselling agents. The bill proposed to change license fees.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed to remove all limitations on product and price advertising.\n\n\n \n\nThe bill proposed that during the transition to full privatization, the State\ncould authorize the \nwarehouse to distribute to on-premises licensees on the same basis as to\nagency stores. The bill \nproposed to require that transportation costs be charged separately and not be\nincluded in the \nwholesale price.\n\n\n212 \u2022\u2022 Legal and Veterans Affairs\n\n\n \nOffice of Policy and Legal Analysis\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1486574, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='77' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 Community Resources Committee, for a report, recommendation, and to hold any required<br>hearings on the request to adopt a temporary Zoning Bylaw, to the Council by June 8 or June 15,<br>2020;<br>\uf0b7 Planning Board, for a report, recommendation, and to hold any required hearings on the request to<br>adopt a temporary Zoning Bylaw, to the Council by June 8 or June 15, 2020;<br>\uf0b7 Governance, Organization, and Legislation Committee, for a determination of clarity,<br>consistency, and actionability on the request to adopt a temporary Zoning Bylaw, to the Council<br>by June 8 or June 15, 2020;<br>\uf0b7 Governance, Organization, and Legislation Committee, for a report and recommendation on the<br>request to revise the Town Council Policy Regarding the Control and Regulation of the Public<br>Ways Section 3(b) to the Council by June 1, 2020;<br>\uf0b7 Town Services and Outreach Committee, for a report and recommendation on the request to<br>revise the Town Council Policy Regarding the Control and Regulation of the Public Ways<br>Section 3(b) to the Council by June 1, 2020; and<br>\uf0b7 Board of License Commissioners, to encourage expedited local approval of the expansion of<br>premises for alcohol service outdoors, and to encourage consideration of new licenses for the<br>consumption of alcohol on public ways, in response to the COVID-19 State of Emergency</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Councilors DuMont and Brewer commented about the referral to the Town Services and Outreach<br>Committee, and asked that Councilors voice any concerns for the committee to address now.</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>VOTED unanimously by roll call to refer the Town Manager\u2019s Memo of 05-15-20 \u201cRequested Town<br>Council to Approve Steps to Expedite the Reopening of Businesses\u201d to the following public bodies:</p>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\uf0b7 Community Resources Committee, for a report, recommendation, and to hold any required<br>hearings on the request to adopt a temporary Zoning Bylaw, to the Council by June 8 or June 15,<br>2020;<br>\uf0b7 Planning Board, for a report, recommendation, and to hold any required hearings on the request to<br>adopt a temporary Zoning Bylaw, to the Council by June 8 or June 15, 2020;<br>\uf0b7 Governance, Organization, and Legislation Committee, for a determination of clarity,<br>consistency, and actionability on the request to adopt a temporary Zoning Bylaw, to the Council<br>by June 8 or June 15, 2020;<br>\uf0b7 Governance, Organization, and Legislation Committee, for a report and recommendation on the<br>request to revise the Town Council Policy Regarding the Control and Regulation of the Public<br>Ways Section 3(b) to the Council by June 1, 2020;<br>\uf0b7 Town Services and Outreach Committee, for a report and recommendation on the request to<br>revise the Town Council Policy Regarding the Control and Regulation of the Public Ways<br>Section 3(b) to the Council by June 1, 2020; and<br>\uf0b7 Board of License Commissioners, to encourage expedited local approval of the expansion of<br>premises for alcohol service outdoors, and to encourage consideration of new licenses for the<br>consumption of alcohol on public ways, in response to the COVID-19 State of Emergency</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he Council took a 5-minute break at 8:41 p.m. and reconvened at 8:46 p.m.<br>President Griesemer confirmed all participants could hear and be heard.</p>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>7. Action Items</p>\n<br><p id='83' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>a. Consent Agenda</p>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>(1) Suspension of Town Council Rules of Procedure rule 8.4 for the following agenda<br>items:</p>\n<p id='85' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Minutes approved by Town Council on June 1, 2020</p>\n<br><footer id='86' style='font-size:18px'>5 | P a g e</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 111367, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='31' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Councilmember Lewis commented favorably on the approved extension of the Beaver<br>Island Trail and how it will serve as a future attraction for visitors.</p>\n<br><h1 id='32' style='font-size:18px'>ADJOURNMENT:</h1>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>There being no further business to discuss, City Council President Goerger adjourned the<br>meeting at 6:52 p.m.</p>\n<p id='34' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>_____________________________</p>\n<br><p id='35' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Council President Jeff Goerger</p>\n<h1 id='36' style='font-size:18px'>R espectfully submitted by</h1>\n<h1 id='37' style='font-size:14px'>_ _______________________________</h1>\n<br><h1 id='38' style='font-size:14px'>Sandy Hilsgen<br>Recording Council Secretary</h1>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3492904, "type": "text", "content": "can decrease public perceptions of safety \n(Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, 2006). \nIn 2007/08, 86% of the Australian population \nreported drunk and disorderly behaviour as \nbeing \u201ca major problem\u201d or \u201csomewhat of a \nproblem\u201d in their state (Steering Committee for \nthe Review of Government Service Provisions, \n2009). Alternatively, problems with drunkenness \nin people\u2019s own neighbourhood may not be \nviewed as such a large issue, with only 13% \nof respondents in one Australian survey \nperceiving drunkenness as a problem in their \nneighbourhood in the 12 months before the \nsurvey (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2005).\n\n\n# 3.4 Alcohol Availability\n\n\n# 3.4.1 Neoliberal Economics\n\n\n \n\nAn important factor to consider when examining \nthe availability and regulation of alcohol in \nAustralia is the National Competition Policy \n(NCP) arrangements (Roche, Bywood et al., \n2009). The NCP reflects the world-wide post \nSecond World War trend towards liberalisation \nof international trade. Aspects of the NCP \nmake efforts to reduce the availability of alcohol \ndifficult (Nicholas, 2008). The introduction of \nthe NCP has been a powerful influence on \nlevels of liberalisation in the alcohol industry \nand subsequent liquor licensing legislation \n(Roche et al., 2007). However, any positives \nthat are borne out of increased competition in \nthe alcohol industry may be far outweighed by \nnegative impacts and costs of alcohol-related \nharms (Alcohol and Other Drugs Council of \nAustralia, 2004).\n\n\n \n\nIn 1995, the Council of Australian Governments \n(COAG) agreed to a review of restrictions \nin regulations and legislation that had the \npotential to prevent competition between \nbusinesses (Roche et al., 2007), and to remove \nanti-competitive restrictions that were not in \nthe public\u2019s best interest (National Competition \nCouncil, 2005). The National Competition \nCouncil (NCC) was the statutory authority \nformed to oversee the progress of the adoption \nof NCP by Australian states and territories, and \nto act as the advisory body for all governments \non the implementation of NCP anti-competitive\n\n\n \n\nprinciples (National Competition Council, \n2005). The Australian Government agreed to \nmake NCP payments to states and territories \nas incentives for progress in legislative reform \nwhich addressed anti-competitive concerns \n(National Competition Council, 2005). The NCC \nwas afforded the right to recommend to the \nCommonwealth that deductions in payments \nwould occur if there was unacceptable \nprogress, which has been enforced (National \nCompetition Council, 2005). The NCC was \nparticularly concerned with liquor licensing \nlegislation in Australia and its impact on \ncompetition between licensed premises through \nrestrictions on trading hours and venue density \n(Roche et al., 2007).\n\n\n \n\nNew South Wales has had competition \npayments withheld on advice of the NCC in \n2003/04 for not complying with obligations \nunder the NCP agreement (Roche et al., \n2007). The Commonwealth withheld almost \n$51 million from New South Wales, which \nwas almost one-fifth of their competition \npayments for that year, $12.7 million of this \nbeing specifically for incomplete amendments \nto liquor licensing legislation (New South \nWales Parliament, 2005, as cited in Roche et \nal., 2007). In 2004/05, the NCC recommended \nthat Queensland, Western Australia, South \nAustralia and the Northern Territory should \nlose 5% of their annual competition payment as \nthese jurisdictions were seen to be continuing \ndiscriminatory selling practices that were \nnot seen to be based on harm minimisation \nprinciples (National Competition Council, 2005).\n\n\n \n\nIn the period 2005/06 the NCC recommended \nthat these four states should again lose 5% of \ntheir annual payment (National Competition \nCouncil, 2005). This equated to $7.8 million for \nQueensland, $3.9 million for Western Australia, \n$3 million for South Australia and $0.4 million \nfor the Northern Territory (National Competition \nCouncil, 2005).\n\n\n \n\nThe NCP agreement has implications for \npolice, as they can no longer rely on licensing \nauthorities to reject new liquor licensing \napplications based on the need for the licensed \nvenue in the community, and instead need to \ncompile evidence that a new licence is not in the \nbest interest of the community (Fleming, 2008).\n\n\nLiquor Licensing Legislation in Australia: Part 1 An Overview\n\n\n \n3 \nThe \nBroader \nContext\n\n\n29\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3156393, "type": "text", "content": "Item #: 10.4\n\n\nbusinesses who were able to take advantage, this also deepened the inequality\nbetween the \ntwo commercial hubs. As construction drags on, this summer will see a repeat\nof that situation.\n\n\nT he full extent of the accompanying losses will not be known until the\nproject is complete, and \nwe understand that municipal budgets are already finalized for 2021.\nTherefore, we ask for a \ncommitment to review a financial impact report provided by affected businesses\nin Fall of 2021 \nand, based on these findings, to consider an appropriate subsidy in the 2022\nbudget.\n\n\nS hould there be an opportunity for financial supports to be provided at an\nearlier date, this \nwould of course benefit many businesses who are currently struggling to stay\nafloat.\n\n\n# 3 . Communication\n\n\nW e appreciate the steps that have been taken so far in response to our\nconcerns. While each \nbusiness has experienced their own challenges regarding communication, there\nare a few \nadjustments that might benefit everyone:\n\n\n\u2022 Construction updates on a Friday, indicating how much of the week\u2019s planned\nwork was \nactually completed and how that might impact weekend operations. \n\u2022 Follow \u2013 up; while submitting a request or grievance through the Bear Street\nTalk \nchannel is simple, there is often no clear resolution to the issue. We suggest\nthat all \nquestions/complaints submitted be shared with the stakeholder group at the\nMonday \nmeeting and the response, or lack thereof, explained. Stakeholders could then\napprove \nof the follow-up action and remove the item from the list, or keep it as an\nongoing \nconcern for discussion each week. \n\u2022 We would like to see a plan for accelerating construction if circumstances\nallowed. With \nthe varying needs of our businesses, it is unwise to make blanket statements\nabout \nwhen construction could feasibly take place outside of the regular hours.\nHowever, \nstakeholders would like to be presented with options. It would be prudent for\nthe \nproject leads to be prepared should further pandemic restrictions create a\nwindow for \nextended work without overly impacting revenues.\n\n\nW e would of course be open to further suggestions from the project team on\nhow the flow of \ninformation can be improved and constructive collaboration achieved.\n\n\n# 4 . Landscaping\n\n\nT he density of foliage being placed in front of operating businesses\ncontinues to be a concern \nfor those businesses that rely on foot traffic and window displays. The\nconcessions that have \nalready been made, and discussions with building owners, are very much\nappreciated. We \nunderstand that the procurement schedule limits the available options and that\nthought must \nbe given to symmetry and the traffic functions of the landscaping pods.\n\n\nRevised Agenda for the 2021 April 26 Virtual Regular Meeting of Council\n\n\n \nPage 2 of 3\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Considering that there were multiple council meetings, determine how the prioritization of business subsidy agreements over temporary liquor licenses could affect fiscal planning. First, identify the factors prioritizing the business agreement, such as complexity and longer-term impact. Then, deduce how this prioritization might influence fiscal quarters and deadlines.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 916, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "tabular reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 325040, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='22' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Economic impact of a CAH in a rural community<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a 35 and 50 bed PPS hospital in a rural community<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a primary care physician in a rural community<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a nurse practitioner in a rural community<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a physician assistant in a rural community<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a rural health clinics (RHCs) in a rural community<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a rural dentist<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a rural nursing home<br>\u2022 Economic impact of a closed rural hospital</p>\n<br><h1 id='23' style='font-size:20px'>2014-2015 WORKSHOPS PRESENTED</h1>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The National Center held two regional training workshops in 2014-2015. Workshops are one of<br>our methods of communicating and sharing our templates.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 A workshop was held in Terre Haute, Indiana, October 22, 2014 with 16 participants;<br>hosted by Stephanie Laws, Executive Director, Rural Health Innovation Collaborative.<br>\u2022 A workshop was held in State College, Pennsylvania, July 22, 2015 with 20 participants;<br>hosted by the Lisa Davis, Director, Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health. Ms. Davis<br>provided her comments on the workshop: \"The workshop we hosted in Pennsylvania<br>was a great opportunity for our office. The information presented was very relevant to<br>the health systems represented and gave them valuable tools to use in conducting their<br>community health needs assessments. It also was a great chance for our office to<br>coordinate an outreach program, serve the needs of our rural health care providers,<br>and increase our visibility.\"</p>\n<br><h1 id='26' style='font-size:20px'>2 014-2015 PAST YEAR WORK PROJECTS</h1>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>1. The Economic Impact of Recent Hospital Closures on Rural Communities (Study available<br>on web: www.ruralhealthworks.org)</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Background. Hospitals in rural communities are facing many challenges to providing quality<br>health care services to the community residents while maintaining sound viable financial<br>conditions. These challenges resulted in the closure of 43 rural hospitals identified by the<br>University of North Carolina, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services from January 2010 to<br>October 2014. The current number of closings has increased to 56 hospitals. It has been<br>estimated that another 283 hospitals are considered to be financially at-risk of closing in the very<br>near future. In addition to providing medical access for residents, hospitals make significant<br>economic contributions to rural communities.</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Purpose of the Study. The objective of this study is to estimate the economic impacts of recent<br>hospital closures in rural communities from the direct and secondary impacts in terms of<br>employment (full- and part-time jobs) and labor income (wages, salaries and benefits). These<br>estimates reflect the last year of operation.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Profile of Hospital Closings. Due to data availability and limiting sample to closed hospitals<br>with RUCA 7 and above, 16 hospitals in 13 different states were in the final sample. Nine<br>hospitals were critical access hospitals (CAHs). Four of the hospital closures have had no<br>additional health services established since the hospital closed. The community populations<br>ranged from 406 to 10,292 with an average population of 3,135. The average daily census for the<br>hospitals during their last year of operation was 1.8 ranging from 0.0 to 6.8. The distance to the</p>\n<footer id='31' style='font-size:14px'>3</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1311534, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='10' style='font-size:18px'>48</header>\n<br><p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Senator ROSEN. Thank you.<br>The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Rosen.<br>Senator Warren.<br>Senator WARREN. Thank you. Mr. Chairman.</p>\n<br><p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Community health<br>centers provide essential services to our communities, but they<br>need Federal funding to do their work and they need that funding<br>to be predictable and sustainable. So exactly one year ago right<br>now, community health centers across the country were running<br>out of funding because Congress failed to reauthorize critical pro-<br>grams before they expired\u2014some of you may remember that. For<br>four uncertain months until Congress finally acted in February of<br>2018, health centers and their patients were in limbo. They held<br>back on hiring new people, on replacement staff. They deferred op-<br>portunities to make vital improvements in their programs. And<br>while most funding directed to health centers was still flowing dur-<br>ing the government shutdown that ended last week, other vital<br>funding sources that patients rely on were cut off.</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The next primary care cliff is only eight months away. So today<br>I wanted to dig into the impact of unpredictable funding streams<br>on the patients who are served by health centers. Mr. Trompeter,<br>your health center has several sites in Washington State. Do many<br>of your patients rely on federal food and nutrition programs like<br>SNAP and WIC, or Federal housing vouchers all programs that<br>were affected by the recent government shutdown?</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Mr. TROMPETER. They do.<br>Senator WARREN. How did your patients deal with the uncer-<br>tainty caused by the 35-day shut down?</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Mr. TROMPETER. Senator, we have seen an increase in anxiety<br>amongst our patients. Most of this is anecdotal at this juncture, but<br>we have queried our front desk who are usually the folks who get<br>told this stuff first, and we do know that a lot of our patients, par-<br>ticularly those that rely on benefits like SNAP and WIC, have been<br>worried about whether or not they were going to have the nutrition<br>that they needed in order to follow that advice of their doctors. I<br>am also aware of two patients, and this is small-scale stuff, but<br>who made what we might consider short-term smart financial deci-<br>sions, maybe not so much in the long term. One of our patients just<br>decided that he was going to stop paying his bills for a while.</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>If you don\u2019t pay your rent, sometimes you don\u2019t have a house.<br>Another patient decided that he would just use his credit card in<br>the meantime, and we have tried to counsel these folks, but in the<br>face of the kind of uncertainty that they were facing, it is really<br>kind of futile.</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Senator WARREN. Yes. I understand. These are people who don\u2019t<br>have a lot of financial alternatives. Now, health centers also saw<br>other impacts. In Massachusetts, on Cape Cod, one health center<br>was not able to pay the bills on a critical facility replacement<br>projects because they were no longer receiving funding allotted for<br>the projects from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The shut-<br>down also had indirect effects on health centers in the DC area. Dr.<br>Anderson many of your patients livelihood depends on Federal Gov-<br>ernment functioning, with some family members of your staff as<br>Federal employees. What impact did the shutdown have on your<br>patients and staff?</p>\n<h1 id='18' style='font-size:20px'>DISTILLER</h1>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>with</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>HELPN-012 VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:42 Oct 16, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6601 S:\\DOCS\\41388.TXT MICAH</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1311465, "type": "text", "content": "55\n\n\npopulation will require an additional 33,000 practicing primary \ncare physicians by 2035. 10 A 2017 Government Accountability Of- \nfice (GAO) report indicates that physician maldistribution signifi- \ncantly impacts rural communities. 11 The patient-to-primary care \nphysician ratio in rural areas is only 39.8 physicians per 100,000 \npeople, compared to 53.3 physicians per 100,000 in urban areas. 12 \nAccording to GAO, one of the major drivers of physician mal- \ndistribution is that medical residents are highly concentrated in \nvery few parts of the country. The report stated that graduate \nmedication education (GME) training remained concentrated in the \nNortheast and in urban areas, which continue to house 99 percent \nof medical residents. 13 The GAO also indicated that while the total \nnumber of residents increased by 13.6 percent from 2001 to 2010, \nthe number expected to enter primary care decreased by 6.3 per- \ncent. 14\n\n\n \n\nPrimary care workforce programs, such as the Teaching Health \nCenter Graduate Medical Education Program and the National \nHealth Service Corp Program, are essential resources to begin to \nincrease the number of primary care physicians and to ensure they \nwork in communities that need them most. The THCGME program \nappropriately trains residents who then stay in the community. \nTHCGME residents are trained in delivery system models using \nelectronic health records, providing culturally competent care, and \nfollowing care coordination protocols. 15 Some are also able to oper- \nate in environments where they are trained in mental health, drug \nand substance use treatment, and chronic pain management. 16 \nResidents who train in underserved communities are likely to con- \ntinue practicing in those same environments. 17\n\n\n \n\nAmerican Medical Association Physician Masterfile data confirms \nthat a majority of family medicine residents practice within 100 \nmiles of their residency training location. 18 By comparison, fewer \nthan 5 percent of physicians who complete training in hospital- \nbased GME programs provide direct patient care in rural areas. 19 \nThus, the most effective way to encourage family and other pri- \nmary-care physicians to practice in rural and underserved areas is \nnot to recruit them from remote academic medical centers but to\n\n\n10 http://www.annfammed.org/content/13/2/107.full \n11 U.S. Government Accountability Office, May 2017, GAO 17\u2013411,\nhttp://www.gao.gov/as- \nsets/690/684946.pdf \n12 Hing, E, Hsiao, C. US Department of Health and Human Services. State\nVariability in \nSupply of Office-based Primary Care Providers: United States 2012. NCHS Data\nBrief, No. 151, \nMay 2014 \n13 GAO, 2017 \n14 Ibid \n15 Candice Chen, Frederick Chen, and Fitzhugh Mullan. Teaching Health Centers:\nA New \nParadigm in Graduate Medical Education.\u2019\u2019 Academic Medicine: Journal of the\nAssociation of \nAmerican Medical Colleges 87.12 (2012): 1752\u20131756. PMC. available at https:// \nwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761371/ \n16 David Mitchell, Residency Directors Tout Benefits of Teaching Health Center\nGME Pro- \ngram, AAFP News, (September 6, 2013), available at\nhttp://www.aafp.org/news/education-pro- \nfessional-development/20130906thcroundtable.html \n17 Elizabeth Brown, MD, and Kathleen Klink, MD, FAAFP, Teaching Health Center\nGME \nFunding Instability Threatens Program Viability, Am Fam Physician. (Feb.\n2015);91(3):168\u2013170. \nAvailable at http://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0201/p168.html \n18 E. Blake Fagan, MD, et al., Family Medicine Graduate Proximity to Their\nSite of Training, \nFamily Medicine, Vol. 47, No. 2, at 126 (Feb. 2015). \n19 Candice Chen, MD, MPH, et al., Toward Graduate Medical Education (GME)\nAccount- \nability: Measuring the Outcomes of GME Institutions, Academic Medicine, Vol.\n88, No. 9, p. \n1269 (Sept. 2013).\n\n\nDISTILLER\n\n\n \n\nwith\n\n\n \n\nHELPN-012 VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:42 Oct 16, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00059\nFmt 6633 Sfmt 6601 S:\\DOCS\\41388.TXT MICAH\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 282881, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='2' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>2.3 Limited capacity of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOT) and community cadres</td><td></td><td>10% increase in uptake of treatment</td><td>10% increase in uptake of treatment</td><td>TX_NEW Proxy HTC_POS:TX_NEW</td><td>2.1.12 TA and skills development for existing WBOTs and CHWs</td><td>HBHC</td><td>$500,000</td><td>14291</td><td>7. Human Resources for Health (6.97)</td></tr><tr><td>Table 6.1.2 Key Programma tic Gap #2: Clinical- Community Continuum of Care 2.4 Lack of linkages between services Table 6.1.2 provided by the and Key community-based/ Based Programma organizations tic Gap #2: Clinical- Community Continuum</td><td></td><td>- Adequate number of WBOTs, CHWs and other community cadres to strengthen the facility/community continuum of care. - CHWs appropriately skilled to provide effective services in the facility/community continuum of care. - Adequate number of WBOTs, CHWs and other community cadres to strengthen the facility/community continuum of care. - CHWs appropriately skilled to provide effective services in the facility/community continuum of care.</td><td>10% increase in uptake of treatment</td><td>10% increase in uptake of treatment</td><td>TX_NEW Proxy HTC_POS:TX_NEW</td><td>2.1.13 Support HRH for new service models including WBOTS and piloting linkages between FBO/CBOs.</td><td>HBHC</td><td>$500,000</td><td>14291</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>of Care Surveillance: Table 6.1.2 evaluating the Key implementation pre-ART Programma modules tic Gap #2: Clinical- Community Continuum Care</td><td>public sector Faith (CBOs/FBOs) HIV Case-based Operationalizing and of the HTS and in Tier.net</td><td>Reduction in loss to follow-up of Patients on ART from 25% to <9%</td><td>91% Retention in care and treatment in the first 12 months</td><td>92% Retention in care and treatment; National Plan implemented by all DSPs</td><td>Implementation of the activities and preliminary data analysis and feedback stakeholders</td><td>2.1.14 support to establish a logitudinal database with unique identifier aimed at tracking patients to from HIV testing to viral suppression to monitor 90/90/90 and WHO indicators/sentinel events along the continuum of care</td><td>HVSI</td><td>$560,000</td><td>17493</td><td>13. Epidemiological and Health Data (6.77)</td></tr><tr><td>of Table 6.1.2 Key Programma tic Gap #2: Clinical- Community Continuum of Care</td><td>5. High Loss-to-Follow-Up</td><td>Reduction of LTFU from 25% to <9%</td><td>Reduction of LTFU from 25% to <9%</td><td>Reduction of LTFU from 25% to <8%</td><td>TX_RET</td><td>2.1.15 Finilzation of National loss-to-follow-up plan</td><td>HBHC, PDCS</td><td>$400,000</td><td>17533</td><td>2. Polices and Governance (8.45)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Reduction of LTFU from 25% to <9%</td><td>Reduction of LTFU from 25% to <9%</td><td>Reduction of LTFU from 25% to <8%</td><td>TX_RET</td><td>2.1.15 Implementation of National loss-to-follow-up plan</td><td>HBHC, PDCS</td><td>$500,000</td><td>14291</td><td>2. Polices and Governance (8.45)</td></tr><tr><td>Table 6.1.2 Key Programma tic Gap #2: Clinical- Community Continuum of Care</td><td>5. High Loss-to-Follow-Up</td><td></td><td>94% Retention in care and treatment; National Plan finalized</td><td>95% Retention in care and treatment; National Plan implemented by all DSPs</td><td>TX_RET</td><td>2.1.16 Finilzation and implementation of National loss-to-follow-up plan</td><td>HBHC, PDCS</td><td>Facility UE</td><td>17023; 17036; 17046; 17038; 17021; 17037; 18482; 18481; 18484, 17020, 2. Governance</td><td>Polices and (8.45)</td></tr></table>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1311457, "type": "text", "content": "48\n\n\n \n\nSenator ROSEN. Thank you. \nThe CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Rosen. \nSenator Warren. \nSenator WARREN. Thank you. Mr. Chairman.\n\n\n \n\nCommunity health \ncenters provide essential services to our communities, but they \nneed Federal funding to do their work and they need that funding \nto be predictable and sustainable. So exactly one year ago right \nnow, community health centers across the country were running \nout of funding because Congress failed to reauthorize critical pro- \ngrams before they expired\u2014some of you may remember that. For \nfour uncertain months until Congress finally acted in February of \n2018, health centers and their patients were in limbo. They held \nback on hiring new people, on replacement staff. They deferred op- \nportunities to make vital improvements in their programs. And \nwhile most funding directed to health centers was still flowing dur- \ning the government shutdown that ended last week, other vital \nfunding sources that patients rely on were cut off.\n\n\n \n\nThe next primary care cliff is only eight months away. So today \nI wanted to dig into the impact of unpredictable funding streams \non the patients who are served by health centers. Mr. Trompeter, \nyour health center has several sites in Washington State. Do many \nof your patients rely on federal food and nutrition programs like \nSNAP and WIC, or Federal housing vouchers all programs that \nwere affected by the recent government shutdown?\n\n\n \n\nMr. TROMPETER. They do. \nSenator WARREN. How did your patients deal with the uncer- \ntainty caused by the 35-day shut down?\n\n\n \n\nMr. TROMPETER. Senator, we have seen an increase in anxiety \namongst our patients. Most of this is anecdotal at this juncture, but \nwe have queried our front desk who are usually the folks who get \ntold this stuff first, and we do know that a lot of our patients, par- \nticularly those that rely on benefits like SNAP and WIC, have been \nworried about whether or not they were going to have the nutrition \nthat they needed in order to follow that advice of their doctors. I \nam also aware of two patients, and this is small-scale stuff, but \nwho made what we might consider short-term smart financial deci- \nsions, maybe not so much in the long term. One of our patients just \ndecided that he was going to stop paying his bills for a while.\n\n\n \n\nIf you don\u2019t pay your rent, sometimes you don\u2019t have a house. \nAnother patient decided that he would just use his credit card in \nthe meantime, and we have tried to counsel these folks, but in the \nface of the kind of uncertainty that they were facing, it is really \nkind of futile.\n\n\n \n\nSenator WARREN. Yes. I understand. These are people who don\u2019t \nhave a lot of financial alternatives. Now, health centers also saw \nother impacts. In Massachusetts, on Cape Cod, one health center \nwas not able to pay the bills on a critical facility replacement \nprojects because they were no longer receiving funding allotted for \nthe projects from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The shut- \ndown also had indirect effects on health centers in the DC area. Dr. \nAnderson many of your patients livelihood depends on Federal Gov- \nernment functioning, with some family members of your staff as \nFederal employees. What impact did the shutdown have on your \npatients and staff?\n\n\n# DISTILLER\n\n\n \n\nwith\n\n\n \n\nHELPN-012 VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:42 Oct 16, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00052\nFmt 6633 Sfmt 6601 S:\\DOCS\\41388.TXT MICAH\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 186206, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='40' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>MASSIVE FLIGHT OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS:</p>\n<p id='41' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In March 2006, the British NGO Medact said that 18,000 out of Iraq\u2019s 34,000 physicians had<br>left the country since the onset of the war, according to o\ufb03cial \ufb01gures from the Iraq Medical<br>Association (IMA). Farouk Naji, a clinician and senior member of IMA, declares: \u201cAbout 2,000<br>physicians have been killed since 2003. The violence has increased and everyday we are<br>losing the best professionals in Iraq.\u201d In some cases, ambulances picking up the injured<br>after explosions are without paramedics or nurses, Naji says. \u201cThere are not enough<br>professionals and the ones available are in hospitals, trying to \ufb01gure out how to treat<br>patients in improvised operating theatres,\u201d he adds.</p>\n<p id='42' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Dr Omer, a cardiovascular surgeon, left his job in Baghdad and is now working as a general<br>practitioner in a primary health care clinic in Syria. \u201cWhat could I do?\u201d he asks, \u201cI was<br>threatened by armed militias inside the hospital. Three surgeons had been killed already<br>and there were only three of us left. I couldn\u2019t be the next target as I have a child to raise.\u201d<br>Dr Omer was forced to \ufb02ee Iraq. He added: \u201cI am not happy with what I am doing here in<br>Syria. I was a specialist doctor and now I am working as a junior doctor. It is as if you were<br>asking an o\ufb03cer to work as a soldier.\u201d</p>\n<p id='43' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A shortage of doctors and nurses has also been reported in Basra. According to health<br>o\ufb03cial Hassan Abdullah, there are no reliable statistics on how many doctors, dentists,<br>pharmacists and nurses have left the area, but uno\ufb03cial data suggests that at least 200<br>health professionals have left since January alone. Some of them try to get more secure<br>employment elsewhere in Iraq. Rezan Sayda, a senior o\ufb03cial in the Kurdistan Regional<br>Government\u2019s Health Ministry, said last December that her ministry had employed 600<br>doctors who had \ufb02ed insecure parts of the country, and that another 320 were on the<br>waiting list for employment.</p>\n<p id='44' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The lack of health personnel has disastrous consequences for the health of local patients.<br>Writing in The British Medical Journal, Dr Bassim Al-Sheibani and two colleagues from the<br>Diwaniyah College of Medicine in Iraq report that, \u201cmedical sta\ufb00 admit that more than half<br>of those who died could have been saved if trained and experienced sta\ufb00 were available.\u201d</p>\n<p id='45' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>RECONSTRUCTION UNDER OCCUPATION: A DISMAL FAILURE:</p>\n<p id='46' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Four years into the US- led war on Iraq, the country\u2019s healthcare system is in a shambles.<br>Most hospitals lack basis supplies, dozens of clinics remain incompletely constructed, and<br>costly high-technology equipment lies idle in warehouses. Since 2003, US agencies may<br>have spent up to $1 billion of Iraqi reconstruction funds on healthcare, but no new hospitals<br>and only a few local clinics have been built. Even the pet project of First Lady Laura Bush \u2014<br>a $50 million state-of-the-art children\u2019s hospital in Basra \u2014 is running far behind schedule<br>and over budget.</p>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>According to Amar Al-Sa\ufb00ar, an o\ufb03cial in charge of construction at the Iraqi Health Ministry,<br>not a single hospital has been built in Iraq since Al-Khadimiyah Hospital opened in 1986 in<br>Baghdad. A $200 million reconstruction project for building 142 primary healthcare centres<br>ran out of cash in early 2006, with just 20 centres on course to be completed, an outcome<br>the World Health Organisation described as \u201cshocking\u201d.</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In a damaging report, CorpWatch harshly criticises the US-led reconstruction of Iraq\u2019s health<br>infrastructure, demonstrating how US companies such as Parsons Global, Abt Associates and</p>\n<footer id='49' style='font-size:18px'>| 5</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1407028, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='30' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Rural\u00a0Health\u00a0Clinics\u00a0Registrations\n\u00a0175,000\n\u00a0150,000\n132,187\u00a0 129,148\u00a0\n127,425\u00a0\n\u00a0125,000 114,593\u00a0\n106,308\u00a0 104,766\u00a0\n97,806\u00a0\n\u00a0100,000\n\u00a075,000\n\u00a050,000\n\u00a025,000\n\u00a0\u2010\nFY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 FY21\u00a0Est FY21\u00a0Bdgt FY22\u00a0Bdgt\" data-coord=\"top-left:(129,117); bottom-right:(885,611)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='31' style='font-size:20px'>Family\u00a0Medical\u00a0Center\u00a0Registrations</h1>\n<br><figure data-category='chart'><img id='32' style='font-size:16px' alt=\"\u00a020,000\n16,171\u00a0\n\u00a016,000\n14,240\u00a0\n13,434\u00a0\n12,461\u00a0\n11,930\u00a0\n\u00a012,000 11,100\u00a0 10,821\u00a0\n\u00a08,000\n\u00a04,000\n\u00a0\u2010\nFY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 FY21\u00a0Est FY21\u00a0Bdgt FY22\u00a0Bdgt\" data-coord=\"top-left:(699,684); bottom-right:(1497,1143)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='33' style='font-size:18px'>268/340</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 233842, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='147' style='font-size:20px'>28. Comprehensive Primary Health Care</h1>\n<h1 id='148' style='font-size:18px'>Objectives</h1>\n<br><p id='149' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Under Ayushman Bharat, scale-up a new vision<br>for comprehensive primary health care across<br>the country, built on the platform of health and<br>wellness centres (HWCs), to:</p>\n<p id='150' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Provide quality ambulatory services for an<br>inclusive package of diagnostic, curative,<br>rehabilitative and palliative care, close to the<br>people.</p>\n<br><p id='151' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Deliver preventive and promotion services, and<br>action on the ground to tackle determinants of<br>ill health locally.</p>\n<br><p id='152' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Create a mass movement for Healthy India<br>(Swasth Bharat Jan Andolan).</p>\n<h1 id='153' style='font-size:18px'>Current Situation</h1>\n<br><p id='154' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>U life<br>Primary health care is a key enabler for higher<br>L and lower costs<br>expectancy, better health outcomes<br>for the nation. Primary health interventions help<br>detect diseases early, well before complications set<br>in, thus pre-empting the need for secondary and<br>tertiary care. P</p>\n<p id='155' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Developed nations such as the UK, Australia,<br>Canada, Netherlands and Sweden spend a large<br>share of their federal healthcare budgets on primary<br>care.1 In India, primary care infrastructure exists as a<br>network of sub-centres, primary health centres and<br>community health centres. However, the focus of<br>services has remained narrow \u2013 largely prioritized<br>around reproductive, maternal and child healthcare,<br>and some communicable diseases (notably,<br>malaria). The battle against non-communicable<br>diseases can only be won through a primary health</p>\n<br><p id='156' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>system that ensures that chronic diseases are not<br>only detected early, but also that preventive action<br>is taken to ensure improved lifestyles.</p>\n<br><p id='157' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The National Health Policy (NHP), 2017, envisages<br>comprehensive primary health care delivered<br>through HWCs. The policy also commits that<br>S care. Additionally,<br>two-thirds or more of government spending<br>will be targeted at primary<br>IA game changer.<br>the announcement of Ayushman Bharat by the<br>government is a</p>\n<h1 id='158' style='font-size:18px'>Constraints</h1>\n<br><p id='159' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>U 1.</p>\n<br><h1 id='160' style='font-size:22px'>T</h1>\n<br><p id='161' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>S The existing primary health care model in the<br>country is limited in scope. Even where there<br>is a well-functioning public primary health<br>centre, only services related to pregnancy care,<br>limited childcare and certain services related<br>to national health programmes are provided,<br>which represent only 15 per cent of all<br>morbidities for which people seek care.2</p>\n<p id='162' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>2. The conversion of 150,000 sub centres into<br>HWCs was announced in the budget speech<br>in 2017 and was enshrined in the NHP, 2017.<br>Although less than 4000 such centres were<br>sanctioned in 2017-18, the government<br>is committed to accelerating the pace of<br>sanctioning and putting up HWCs to meet the<br>target in good time.</p>\n<figure><img id='163' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(932,1482); bottom-right:(1122,1575)\" /></figure>\n<br><footer id='164' style='font-size:14px'>133<br>Join Telegram Group<br>https://t.me/studymaterialofexam</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1311477, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>of healthcare spending, it could impact at least half of healthcare<br>spending because that is how we get into the rest of healthcare<br>spending. So, we will be having a hearing next week on how pri-<br>mary care can help control healthcare cost, but today, we are talk-<br>ing about a primary example of primary healthcare.</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>27 million Americans receive their primary care and other serv-<br>ices at community health centers. For example, in Lewis County,<br>Tennessee, the hospital closed. The closest emergency room for<br>12,000 people was 30 minutes away, so the old hospital building<br>became Lewis Health Center, a community health center which op-<br>erates as something between a clinic and a hospital. I visited there.<br>It is a nice, clean place, a couple of doctors, nurses. They believe<br>they can deal with 90 percent of the issues people walk in with<br>every day. They have a full laboratory. They run tests, perform X-<br>rays, give IVs, and keep an ambulance ready to take someone to<br>a hospital if they need that. Because Lewis Health Center is a com-<br>munity health center, they charge based upon a sliding scale. Com-<br>munity health centers like Lewis are one way American families<br>can have access to affordable healthcare close to home, and this in-<br>cludes a wide range of healthcare, including preventive care, which<br>we hear in every hearing is the most important care, helping to<br>manage chronic conditions like asthma, high blood pressure, vac-<br>cines, prenatal care\u2014there are about 1,400 federally funded health<br>centers that provide outpatient care to approximately 27 million<br>people, including 400,000 Tennesseans, and about 12,000 sites<br>across the United States. Those other locations could be a mobile<br>clinic, or a homeless shelter or school. They have been especially<br>important in battling the Opioid Crisis.</p>\n<br><p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Last year, the Department of Health and Human Services pro-<br>vided over 350 million in funding specifically to support community<br>health centers, providing care for Americans in need of substance<br>use, disorder, or mental health services. These centers accept pri-<br>vate insurance, Medicare, and Medicaid, and charge, based, as I<br>said, up on the sliding scale. Community health centers also re-<br>ceive Federal funding. In FY2019, that was 4 billion in mandatory<br>funds and 1.6 billion in discretionary funds. We must act by the<br>end of September in Congress to make sure the community health<br>centers receive this Federal funding and keep their doors open.<br>That is why two weeks ago, Senator Murray and I took the first<br>step by introducing legislation that will extend funding for commu-<br>nity health centers for five years and $4 billion a year in manda-<br>tory funding. The legislation also extends funding for four addi-<br>tional Federal health programs set to expire in September, the<br>Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education Program, the<br>National Health Service Corps, Special Diabetes Program, and Spe-<br>cial Diabetes Program for Indians. Today, we will hear about how<br>the community health centers are working, and how to insure 27<br>million Americans closer to home.</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>These centers rely on a well-trained workforce. Two federally<br>funded workforce programs, which train doctors and nurses, expire<br>this year. The Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Edu-<br>cation Program is one. The National Health Service Corps is an-<br>other. More than half of those doctors choose to work at one of the</p>\n<h1 id='63' style='font-size:20px'>DISTILLER</h1>\n<br><p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>with</p>\n<br><p id='65' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>HELPN-012 VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:42 Oct 16, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 S:\\DOCS\\41388.TXT MICAH</p>\n<br><footer id='66' style='font-size:18px'>3</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 233843, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='165' style='font-size:16px'>Strategy for<br>New India @ 75</header>\n<p id='166' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Figure 28.1: Additional services to be provided under the New India<br>primary care system</p>\n<figure><img id='167' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(195,324); bottom-right:(577,794)\" /></figure>\n<p id='168' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Source: Based on the \u2018Report of the Task Force on Comprehensive Primary Health Care\u2019, MoHFW 2016</p>\n<p id='169' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>3. Supply side deficiencies, poor management U health<br>L of<br>skills and lack of appropriate training and<br>supportive supervision for health workers<br>prevent delivery of the desired quality<br>services. P</p>\n<br><p id='170' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>4. A primary health care model for the growing<br>urban population has not been conceptualized,<br>notwithstanding a few assorted initiatives by<br>some states.</p>\n<br><p id='171' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>5. Although the National Health Mission focuses<br>on engaging communities through village<br>health, nutrition and sanitation societies, health<br>has not yet become a people\u2019s movement.</p>\n<br><p id='172' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>6. Funding for health is inadequate, leading to<br>low spending on primary care.</p>\n<br><p id='173' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>7. Citizens have to incur high out-of-pocket<br>expenditure on primary health care, of which<br>the largest expenditure is on drugs.</p>\n<br><p id='174' data-category='list' style='font-size:22px'>S<br>IA</p>\n<br><h1 id='175' style='font-size:20px'>S</h1>\n<br><p id='176' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:22px'>U</p>\n<br><h1 id='177' style='font-size:20px'>T</h1>\n<br><p id='178' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>8. There is a shortage of adequately trained and<br>motivated personnel.</p>\n<h1 id='179' style='font-size:18px'>Way Forward</h1>\n<br><p id='180' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>1. Accelerate the establishment of a network of<br>150,000 HWCs</p>\n<br><p id='181' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 Operationalize a network of 150,000 HWCs on<br>priority by 2022-23 in order to ensure sufficient<br>coverage of affordable primary care and lower<br>the burden on secondary and tertiary care.</p>\n<br><p id='182' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>\u2022 HWCs should provide services such as<br>screening and management of non-<br>communicable diseases; screening and basic<br>management of mental health ailments; care<br>for common ophthalmic and ENT problems;<br>basic dental health care; geriatric and palliative<br>health care, and trauma care and emergency<br>care.</p>\n<footer id='183' style='font-size:14px'>134<br>Join Telegram Group<br>https://t.me/studymaterialofexam</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Assuming each completed primary healthcare center could serve 500 patients weekly, and initially, only 20 out of 142 planned were made operable, estimate the loss in service capacity due to incomplete centers over a year. How does this loss potentially affect regional patient care?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 920, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["numerical reasoning", "format reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 252639, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='12' style='font-size:20px'>ACTION SHEET</header>\n<table id='13' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>DATE</td><td>DETAILS OF THE PROBLEM / CHANGE</td><td></td><td>WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO DO, OR HAVE INITIALS ALREADY DONE, ABOUT THE PROBLEM / CHANGE</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<footer id='14' style='font-size:14px'>Food Standards Agency l food.gov.uk/sfbb</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2910886, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='34' style='font-size:16px'>Section B: Material Requested (additional)</h1>\n<br><table id='35' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Identifier (eg: MS001-3-2-19-25)</td><td>Item(s)/portion(s) to be used</td><td>Reproduction format (scan, photocopy, handwritten)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>NI-007_0014 \u2013 Material Use Form. 2019/02. This form is adapted from similar forms used by Emory University, Caltech Archives and Godrej Archives.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 252641, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='18' style='font-size:20px'>ACTION SHEET</header>\n<table id='19' style='font-size:18px'><tr><td>DATE</td><td colspan=\"2\">DETAILS OF THE PROBLEM / CHANGE</td><td>WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO DO, OR HAVE INITIALS ALREADY DONE, ABOUT THE PROBLEM / CHANGE</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>If you have used all the Action sheets in your pack, photocopy this one before you fill it in, or download new copies from<br>the FSA website.</p>\n<footer id='21' style='font-size:14px'>Food Standards Agency l food.gov.uk/sfbb</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1002109, "type": "text", "content": "# 31\n\n\n# \uf097 System Standards to ensure Integrity and \nEnforceability of electronic received data\n\n\n# \uf097\n\n\n \n\n\uf097 Criteria for establishing a copy of record; \n\uf097 Integrity of the electronic document; \n\uf097 Validity of the electronic signature; \n\uf097 Determination of the identity of the individual \nuniquely entitled to use a signature device; \nand \n\uf097 Opportunity to review and repudiate the copy \nof record. \nPDFs do not meet these data integrity \nelements\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2708333, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>DRAFT \u2013 May 2020</p>\n<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 10 pt</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 10 pt</p>\n<br><table id='5' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>A ny other information that would be helpful for consideration in the consultation?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>A re there any timing issues or deadlines that affect when review and feedback on the policy are required?</td><td></td></tr></table>\n<p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>R EVIEW Comments:</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 10 pt</p>\n<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Reviewed by Comments Date</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial, 10 pt</p>\n<footer id='10' style='font-size:20px'>22</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 252640, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='15' style='font-size:20px'>ACTION SHEET</header>\n<table id='16' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td>DATE</td><td>DETAILS OF THE PROBLEM / CHANGE</td><td></td><td>WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO DO, OR HAVE INITIALS ALREADY DONE, ABOUT THE PROBLEM / CHANGE</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>\n<footer id='17' style='font-size:14px'>Food Standards Agency l food.gov.uk/sfbb</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 614933, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>didn't work back in the day I originally wrote their formatting so then maybe we're not the<br>same\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 So let's start this at this point and get our hands dirty\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 Here's that again\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 Now go<br>up to the upper right bar and select the last two rows of the next line. Click the OK button and<br>hit the Delete button at the bottom. That's all it needs to be\u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 Go back and select the files right<br>next to that. You can right next to them at any time and let them go (there may be a time limit).<br>When they're all gone go back to the next table and add in a word, i.e add-date (in all, and any<br>single file). But since you didn't copy a whole file for the file you made your change and need it<br>to be copied to a file. Then you still go through step 6, but with a different format like the one<br>that has the lines you copied. That code above will look pretty good here even though there<br>really are probably many other file formats, I am not a mathematician and will assume that your<br>data can be translated by it's method for that information that your friends are probably<br>confused on. But if your data is all the same as this, there should very likely already have been<br>at least one format change in dd form 13512 continuation sheet pdf? I used the sheet form and I<br>found I needed to insert three lines to get it straight, and a third for the pdf/file. I can't really do<br>much about that, so I'll give it my best shot here. Possible Solution: If you have a way to create<br>and link into a document by a web app in which a specific URL works. Then it can be easily<br>re-host from outside, as in an email: http: // app.androidapps.com/view.html And if the website<br>URL is support.nio.net/app/en/#android Finally You probably need to consider the best<br>alternative to using the web app you're working on for a fixed time or at a time you have no idea<br>why. I know it wasn't for me. If you've had success reading up on Google Plus or trying other<br>tools from elsewhere, consider doing a job like this and be prepared to consider others ways to<br>move in and get up and running while saving some data. Keep in mind that I think this is just to<br>help people who may want to move on from Android and be more creative: There are more good<br>options if you only follow a few basic steps: Check out this other example in what will be a<br>couple of posts (maybe in more future posts) about how to go from web to desktop by using<br>this workflow: This next example shows how to turn email into a real-time source page by using<br>a Gmail app: For more in-depth information on why you should use a workflow when using<br>Gmail, read how Android has really opened up many possibilities when it comes to web<br>analytics. Also see this post: Why Are Email Users Getting More Stuck? by Steve Jones I will<br>cover all the common misconceptions you'll hear this year: When it works, what other people<br>need does no harm? When it doesn't, how would the team stop making a good use of it? So<br>how big must that cloud stack be to get users involved? If you follow this blog from Gmail, go to<br>\"The Stuck in Gmail\", or \"How to find a New Way to Become a Web Manager\". You can find<br>more than 600 technical topics in email, from topics to topics (all in Excel as usual). Related<br>content you might never see in Gmail:</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1160050, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='74' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Create PDF copies of the content that we recommend should also be available to print<br>and provide it in addition to the page content.<br>\u2022 ADA TIP: There are some documents on our website and Intranet that citizens must<br>use in order to access town services. These documents, especially PDF documents,<br>need to be machine readable and comply with WCAG 2.0, Level AA standards.</p>\n<h1 id='75' style='font-size:18px'>B oards & Commissions</h1>\n<br><p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Boards & Commissions pages should be linked from the Boards, Commissions, and<br>Committees page. Please work with the Town Clerk to make changes to the listing on<br>this page.</p>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>W hen creating or updating a board page, be as consistent as possible when displaying<br>its information by:</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>Organizing content in the same order from board to board<br>o<br>Including all pertinent information about how to join or who to contact<br>o<br>Linking to any applicable documents such as agendas and minutes on the<br>o<br>board page</p>\n<h1 id='79' style='font-size:20px'>P ages Widget</h1>\n<br><p id='80' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The Pages Widget is used to create menu pages that display a listing of the subpages<br>for a parent page and their page descriptions. These pages help provide structure and<br>organization to the navigation. They should be used in conjunction with other content<br>to make a more robust landing page. However, it is not recommended this be the only<br>content on a main department landing page. Instead, feature relevant and actionable<br>content whenever possible.</p>\n<h1 id='81' style='font-size:20px'>Font Styles</h1>\n<br><p id='82' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Underlining should only be used for hyperlinks. Underlining for emphasis can confuse<br>users who might think they can click on that area of the screen.<br>\u2022 Avoid using all caps for anything but acronyms. If you need to emphasize something,<br>use bold instead. Using all caps makes the words more difficult to read.<br>\u2022 Avoid italics, which are hard to read online. Use bold instead.<br>\u2022 Only use Heading1 and Heading2 font on headings.<br>\u2022 Do not center text: centered text is hard to read. Imagine having to read a book where<br>all the text was centered.<br>\u2022 The background color and text color should be in sufficient contrast to one another, in<br>order to allow everyone to read text clearly.<br>\u2022 Text should be able to be resized up to 200% without degrading<br>quality/understandability.<br>\u2022 If moving information from another source to our website, make sure to paste all items<br>in plain text by using the tool in the Editor widget. This will clear any formatting or text<br>class information from the previous source that may be left on text.<br>\u2022 Avoid using strikethrough (e.g. Closed roads: Broadway St, Clark St.). Many screen<br>readers do not acknowledge that the text is crossed out.</p>\n<h1 id='83' style='font-size:20px'>P age Descriptions</h1>\n<br><p id='84' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Page descriptions should be completed for every page. This will help search engines<br>to better determine what pages to bring up as the results for a search. They also help</p>\n<br><footer id='85' style='font-size:14px'>7</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1002148, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:14px'>31</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>\uf097 System Standards to ensure Integrity and<br>Enforceability of electronic received data</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:16px'>\uf097</h1>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf097 Criteria for establishing a copy of record;<br>\uf097 Integrity of the electronic document;<br>\uf097 Validity of the electronic signature;<br>\uf097 Determination of the identity of the individual<br>uniquely entitled to use a signature device;<br>and<br>\uf097 Opportunity to review and repudiate the copy<br>of record.<br>PDFs do not meet these data integrity<br>elements</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1160043, "type": "text", "content": "220 N. Tubb Street \u00b7 P.O. Box 98 \u00b7 Oakland, FL 34760 \u00b7 407.656.1117\n\n\n \n\n# Web Style Guide \u2013 Quick Reference Sheet\n\n\n \n\n# Visuals\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Avoid clipart \n\u2022 Use Alt Text. Always.\n\n\n \n\nTry \u201cSoftball player holding red glove\u201d instead of \u201cGirl.\u201d \no \n\u2022 Choose fonts for readability in context. \n\u2022 Consider size, sequence \n\u2022 Emphasize effectively \n\u2022 Use contrast, not just color\n\n\n \n\n# Photographs\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Take photos \n\u2022 Phone photos are fine, but take several \n\u2022 Come in tight on subjects \n\u2022 Pose groups creatively \n\u2022 Go outside \n\u2022 Send releases when submitting photos; get releases every time. \n\u2022 Beware copyright violations.\n\n\n \n\n# AP Style\n\n\n \n\n# Consult the AP Style Guide\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Dates: Jan. 25, Dec. 3, December 2018 \n\u2022 Times: 1 to 4 p.m., 1:35 p.m., noon \n\u2022 Addresses: 123 First Street\n\n\n \n\nSpell out and capitalize First through Ninth when used in street names; use \no \nfigures for 10th and above: 7 Fifth Ave., 100 21st St.\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Phone numbers: xxx-xxx-xxxx\n\n\n \n\n# Digital standards\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Keep it relevant to the people we serve; don\u2019t use web pages as a storage\nrepository. \n\u2022 Put it on a page, not a PDF \n\u2022 Minimize clicks: Least number of clicks, small file sizes. \n\u2022 Break it up: Use headings, bullets and white space \n\u2022 Strive for compliance: Screen reader compliant \n\u2022 Offer media alternatives: Provide transcripts for any audio or video content \n\u2022 Link, don\u2019t repeat: Don\u2019t duplicate content, link to sources \n\u2022 Call it what it is: Name links intuitively \n\u2022 Organization: Follow department structure\n\n\n \n15\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Assess the original font and format differences of each document's table and decide on how you will streamline the formatting for consistency, considering guidelines provided by the organization's website for action sheets. How do you ensure uniformity and adherence to standards, while managing current photocopy needs without digital tools?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 921, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "format reasoning", "tabular reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1408519, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='68' style='font-size:20px'>Valu-Trac Investment Management Limited</h1>\n<br><header id='69' style='font-size:14px'>Authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), registration number 145168.<br>Registered in England No. 2428648</header>\n<p id='70' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Tel: +44 (0)1343 880344</p>\n<br><p id='71' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Orton, Moray<br>IV32 7QE</p>\n<p id='72' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Operational Risk \u2013 The risk of direct or indirect loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes,<br>people and systems or from external events (The New Basel Capital Accord, 2001). Operational risks are ones<br>that are relevant to the CIS and therefore the investor.</p>\n<p id='73' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>V alu-Trac maintains an internal risk register to monitor operational risk. This is updated regularly and made<br>available to all staff. All staff are empowered to report errors. Internal and external reviews are undertaken to<br>assist detection of unreported errors. Reporting of these errors would follow the organisational chart as set out<br>in section 1.1.1. There is also an IT Risk Register maintained by the Head of IT.</p>\n<p id='74' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>R egulatory Risk \u2013 The Compliance Officer monitors the regulations governing CISs in particular the FCA<br>COLL Sourcebook and UCIT Directives. Any changes in rules are notified ahead to the investment manager<br>responsible for the OEIC to allow any changes to processes to be made. The OEIC fund accountants monitor<br>the investments to ensure that they comply with the COLL rules and the ACD also monitors this. It is also<br>included in internal and external compliance monitoring.</p>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>V aluation Risk \u2013 the risk that the valuation of a specific transaction may not be accurate. This risk may<br>increase with the complexity of the transactions entered into or where assets are domiciled in different time<br>zones.</p>\n<p id='76' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>V aluations of a CIS will always be carried out in accordance with the relevant prospectus. Valu-Trac utilises<br>multiple independent data sources in order to minimise risk of incorrect valuations. Price exceptions are<br>reviewed independently by the Head of the Pricing team prior to release. A notice is circulated by the Pricing<br>team to the Fund Accountants for each Valuation Point time within the day to confirm when the prices are<br>ready to be imported. Any errors arising for whatever reason are reported to the Head of Administration<br>immediately.</p>\n<h1 id='77' style='font-size:18px'>U nitholder Risk - we should ensure:-</h1>\n<p id='78' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 a robust process for assessing the risk a client is willing and able to take is in place and includes:</p>\n<br><p id='79' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>1. Assessing a clients capacity for loss;<br>2. Identifying clients that are best suited to placing their money in cash deposits because they are<br>unwilling or unable to accept the risk of loss of capital, and<br>3. Appropriately interpreting client responses to questions and not attributing inappropriate weight to<br>certain answers.</p>\n<p id='80' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 tools, where used, are fit for purpose and any limitations recognised and mitigated;</p>\n<p id='81' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 any questions and answers that are used to establish the risk a client is willing and able to take and<br>descriptions used to check this, are fair, clear and not misleading;</p>\n<p id='82' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 a robust and flexible process for ensuring investment selections are suitable given all aspects of a<br>clients investment objectives and financial situation (including the risk they are willing and able to<br>take) as well as their knowledge and experience;</p>\n<footer id='83' style='font-size:16px'>R egistered Office:</footer>\n<br><footer id='84' style='font-size:16px'>Level 13, Broadgate Tower, 20 Primrose Street<br>London, EC2A 2EW</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2119894, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='51' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>P RINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES</p>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>T he principal risks and uncertainties associated with the Company\u2019s business can be divided into<br>the following main areas:</p>\n<p id='53' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 Investment activity and performance risks;<br>\uf0b7 Portfolio and market price risks;<br>\uf0b7 Tax and regulatory risks; and<br>\uf0b7 Operational risks.</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I nformation on these risks and how they are managed is given in the Annual Report for the year<br>ended 30 June 2017. In the view of the Board these principal risks and uncertainties were<br>unchanged over the last six months and are as applicable to the remaining six months of the<br>financial year as they were to the six months under review.</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS\u2019 RESPONSIBILITIES</p>\n<br><p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Each of the Directors (as set out in note 12) confirms, to the best of their knowledge, that:</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 the condensed set of financial statements has been prepared in accordance with IAS 34<br>\u2018Interim Financial Reporting\u2019, gives a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial<br>position and profit or loss of the Group as required by Disclosure and Transparency Rule<br>(\u2018DTR\u2019) 4.2.4 R;</p>\n<p id='58' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>\uf0b7 the interim management report includes a fair review of the information required:</p>\n<br><p id='59' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\uf02d by DTR 4.2.7 R (indication of important events during the first six months and a<br>description of principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year);<br>and<br>\uf02d by DTR 4.2.8 R (disclosure of related party transactions and changes therein).</p>\n<p id='60' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>For and on behalf of the Board<br>Audley Twiston-Davies<br>Chairman</p>\n<footer id='61' style='font-size:14px'>Page 7 of 16</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1258342, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>LISTING & ANNUAL INFORMATION</p>\n<br><table id='10' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Whether Listed or not</td><td>:</td><td>Unlisted</td></tr><tr><td>Date of last AGM</td><td>:</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Date of Balance Sheet</td><td>:</td><td>Mar 31, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Address other than R/o where all or any books of account and papers are maintained</td><td>:</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Suspended at stock exchange</td><td>:</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Principal Business Activity</td><td>:</td><td>Finance</td></tr></table>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CONTACT INFORMATION</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Email Id</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Registered Office Address</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>:</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>asng_gupta@gmail.com</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>:</p>\n<br><p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>107, GADDOPUR JAUNPUR Jaunpur UP 222002 IN</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2158463, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:16px'>OUR HISTORY AND CERTAIN OTHER CORPORATE MATTERS</h1>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Certain forms and resolutions filed with Registrar of Companies (prior to 2006) are not traceable<br>by our Company. With respect to this chapter these include forms and resolutions for incorporation<br>and change in constitution of Company, change in registered office of Company, increase in<br>authorised share capital, etc. Hence, this chapter is prepared based on the ROC search reports,<br>data provided by management and to the best of information available.</p>\n<br><h1 id='2' style='font-size:16px'>CORPORATE PROFILE AND BRIEF HISTORY</h1>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our Company was originally incorporated as \u2015Commercial Synbags Private Limited\u2016 at Indore,<br>Madhya Pradesh as a private limited company under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 vide<br>Certificate of Incorporation dated December 10, 1984 bearing registration number 002669 issued by<br>Registrar of Companies, Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior. Subsequently, our Company was converted in to a<br>public limited company pursuant to Special Resolution passed by the Company at its Extra Ordinary<br>General Meeting held on March 20, 1993 and fresh certificate of incorporation dated May 21, 1993<br>and the name of our Company was changed to \u2015Commercial Syn-Bags Limited\u2016 issued by the<br>Registrar of Companies, Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior. Subsequently, the name of our Company was<br>changed to \u2015Commercial Syn Bags Limited\u2016 vide fresh Certificate of Incorporation dated May 18,<br>2016 issued by the Registrar of Companies, Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior. The Corporate Identification<br>Number is U25202MP1984PLC002669.</p>\n<br><p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Mr. Mohanlal Choudhary, Mr. Anil Choudhary and Super Sack Private Limited are the promoters of<br>our Company. Dr. Vimal Sojatia, Mr. Mahesh Choudhary, Mr. Mohanlal Choudhary, Mr. Omprakash<br>Choudhary, Mr. Anil Choudhary and Mr. Ramesh Parikh were the initial subscribers to the<br>Memorandum of Association of our Company. Dr. Vimal Sojatia, Mr. Mahesh Choudhary, Mr.<br>Omprakash Choudhary and Mr. Ramesh Parikh have disassociated themselves by transferring their<br>respective equity shareholding.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>Super Sack Private Limited first acquired shares of our company on March 31, 2009.</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Our Company is engaged in the manufacturing and supply of High Density Polyethylene (\u2015HDPE\u2016)/<br>Polypropylene (\u2015PP\u2016) fabric, bulk bags, woven sacks/bags, Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container<br>(\u2015FIBC\u2016) & Poly Tarpaulin, box bags, printed laminates for flexible packaging for domestic as well as<br>export markets. For information on our Company\u2017s profile, activities, market, products, etc., market<br>of each segment, capacity built-up, exports and profits due to foreign operations together with country<br>wise analysis, standing of our Company in comparison with prominent competitors, with reference to<br>its products, management, managerial competence, technology, market, major suppliers and<br>customers, environmental issues, geographical segment, etc. wherever applicable, please refer to this<br>chapter and chapters titled \u2015Our Business\u2016, \u2015Our Industry\u2016, \u2015Financial Statements as Restated\u2016,<br>\u2015Management\u2017s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation\u2016,<br>\u2015Government and Other Statutory Approvals\u2016 beginning on page 154, 129, 234, 283 and 319<br>respectively of the Prospectus.</p>\n<br><h1 id='7' style='font-size:20px'>CHANGE OF REGISTERED OFFICE</h1>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>At the time of incorporation our Company\u201es registered office was situated at 88, New Agrawal<br>Nagar, Indore. Since then, our registered office has been changed in the following manner:</p>\n<br><table id='9' style='font-size:20px'><tr><td>Effective Date</td><td>From</td><td>To</td><td>Reason</td></tr><tr><td>October 08, 1991</td><td>88, New Agrawal Nagar, Indore</td><td>3/4, Jaora Compound, Indore</td><td>Administrative Convenience</td></tr><tr><td>March 26, 2016</td><td>3-4, Jaora Compound, Indore</td><td>Commercial House, 3- 4, Jaora Compound, M.Y.H. Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452001</td><td>Administrative Convenience</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='10' style='font-size:14px'>Page 200 of 441</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 105102, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>LISTING & ANNUAL INFORMATION</p>\n<br><figure><img id='10' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Whether Listed or not : -\nDate of last AGM : -\nDate of Balance Sheet : Mar 31, 2018\nAddress other than R/o where all or any books of account and papers are\n: -\nmaintained\nSuspended at stock exchange : -\nPrincipal Business Activity : Electricity, Gas & Water companies\" data-coord=\"top-left:(78,150); bottom-right:(1170,389)\" /></figure>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CONTACT INFORMATION</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Email Id</p>\n<br><p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>: -</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Registered Office Address</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>:</p>\n<br><footer id='16' style='font-size:14px'>Shop No - 13, New Grain Market, Jagadhri Haryana INDIA 135003</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2119878, "type": "text", "content": "P RINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES\n\n\nT he principal risks and uncertainties associated with the Company\u2019s business\ncan be divided into \nthe following main areas:\n\n\n\uf0b7 Investment activity and performance risks; \n\uf0b7 Portfolio and market price risks; \n\uf0b7 Tax and regulatory risks; and \n\uf0b7 Operational risks.\n\n\nI nformation on these risks and how they are managed is given in the Annual\nReport for the year \nended 30 June 2017. In the view of the Board these principal risks and\nuncertainties were \nunchanged over the last six months and are as applicable to the remaining six\nmonths of the \nfinancial year as they were to the six months under review.\n\n\nSTATEMENT OF DIRECTORS\u2019 RESPONSIBILITIES\n\n\n \n\nEach of the Directors (as set out in note 12) confirms, to the best of their\nknowledge, that:\n\n\n\uf0b7 the condensed set of financial statements has been prepared in accordance\nwith IAS 34 \n\u2018Interim Financial Reporting\u2019, gives a true and fair view of the assets,\nliabilities, financial \nposition and profit or loss of the Group as required by Disclosure and\nTransparency Rule \n(\u2018DTR\u2019) 4.2.4 R;\n\n\n\uf0b7 the interim management report includes a fair review of the information\nrequired:\n\n\n \n\n\uf02d by DTR 4.2.7 R (indication of important events during the first six months\nand a \ndescription of principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months\nof the year); \nand \n\uf02d by DTR 4.2.8 R (disclosure of related party transactions and changes\ntherein).\n\n\nFor and on behalf of the Board \nAudley Twiston-Davies \nChairman\n\n\nPage 7 of 16\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3534390, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='92' style='font-size:14px'>GCP ASSET BACKED INCOME FUND LIMITED<br>Annual report and financial statements 2018</header>\n<h1 id='93' style='font-size:22px'>RISK MANAGEMENT CONTINUED</h1>\n<br><h1 id='94' style='font-size:18px'>PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES</h1>\n<h1 id='95' style='font-size:20px'>RISK 3: KEY RESOURCE RISK</h1>\n<table id='96' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>RISK</td><td>IMPACT</td><td>HOW THE RISK IS MANAGED</td><td>CHANGE IN RESIDUAL RISK OVER THE YEAR</td></tr><tr><td>Reliance on key personnel at the Investment Manager The Company is dependent on key people within the Investment Manager to meet its investment objective.</td><td>The Company is heavily reliant on the Investment Manager to implement the Company\u2019s strategy and meet its investment policy and objective. An inability by the Investment Manager to retain and recruit the required level of personnel with the appropriate skills and experience may adversely impact its ability to service the needs of the Company.</td><td>The Company has entered into a contractual engagement with the Investment Manager. The performance of the Investment Manager is monitored by the Board along with the Company\u2019s other key service providers on an ongoing basis. The Investment Manager provides regular updates to the Board on its resourcing plans and has a competitive remuneration and retention plan focused on key employees.</td><td>Stable The Investment Manager continues to provide adequate resources and act with due skill, care and diligence in its responsibilities as Investment Manager and AIFM to the Company. The Investment Manager has recruited further dedicated resource during the year. For further information on the responsibilities of the Investment Manager refer to note\u00a021.</td></tr></table>\n<h1 id='97' style='font-size:20px'>RISK 4: REGULATORY RISK</h1>\n<br><table id='98' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>RISK</td><td>IMPACT</td><td>HOW THE RISK IS MANAGED</td><td>CHANGE IN RESIDUAL RISK OVER THE YEAR</td></tr><tr><td>Change in laws, regulation and/or policy The Company, its operations and the underlying Project Companies are subject to laws and regulations enacted by national and local governments, which may change.</td><td>Any change in the laws, regulations and/or government policy affecting the Company or the underlying Project Companies may have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Company to successfully pursue the investment policy, to meet its investment objective and therefore on the value of the\u00a0Company.</td><td>The Company has a comprehensive compliance monitoring programme relevant to its operations that ensures compliance with developments and changes in legislation and regulation in the Channel Islands, the UK and any impact of Brexit, the jurisdictions in which the Group invests and listing and FCA\u00a0marketing rules.</td><td>Increase There is continued uncertainty about the nature of the UK\u2019s exit from and future of its relations with the EU, which the Directors anticipate will continue to be the case in the short term. In the longer term, there may be opportunities to streamline regulation allowing business in the UK to be easier and more responsive to the needs of companies. For more information refer to the Chairman\u2019s statement.</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='99' style='font-size:16px'>34</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1437247, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='53' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES</p>\n<p id='54' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he principal risks and uncertainties associated with the Company\u2019s business can be divided into the<br>following main areas:</p>\n<p id='55' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 investment activity and strategy;<br>\u2022 financial instruments and the management of risk;<br>\u2022 operational;<br>\u2022 accounting, legal and regulatory;<br>\u2022 liquidity;<br>\u2022 net gearing; and<br>\u2022 failure of Janus Henderson.</p>\n<p id='56' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>D etailed information on these risks is given in the Strategic Report and in the Notes to the Financial<br>Statements in the Company\u2019s Annual Report for the year to 31 October 2018.</p>\n<p id='57' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>I n the view of the Board, these principal risks and uncertainties were unchanged over the last six<br>months and are as applicable to the remaining six months of the financial year as they were to the six<br>months under review.</p>\n<h1 id='58' style='font-size:16px'>D IRECTORS\u2019 RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT</h1>\n<p id='59' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>T he Directors confirm that, to the best of their knowledge:</p>\n<br><p id='60' data-category='list' style='font-size:20px'>( a) the condensed financial statements for the half year ended 30 April 2019 have been prepared in<br>accordance with \u201cFRS 104 Interim Financial Reporting\u201d;<br>( b) this report includes a fair review of the information required by the Disclosure Guidance and<br>Transparency Rule 4.2.7R (indication of important events during the first six months and<br>description of principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year); and<br>( c) this report and the condensed financial statements include a fair review of the information<br>required by the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rule 4.2.8R (disclosure of related party<br>transactions and changes therein).</p>\n<p id='61' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>F or and on behalf of the Board<br>Peter Jones<br>Chairman<br>18 June 2019</p>\n<footer id='62' style='font-size:14px'>Page 6 of 15</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1408512, "type": "text", "content": "# Valu-Trac Investment Management Limited\n\n\n \nAuthorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA),\nregistration number 145168. \nRegistered in England No. 2428648\n\n\nTel: +44 (0)1343 880344\n\n\n \n\nOrton, Moray \nIV32 7QE\n\n\nOperational Risk \u2013 The risk of direct or indirect loss resulting from\ninadequate or failed internal processes, \npeople and systems or from external events (The New Basel Capital Accord,\n2001). Operational risks are ones \nthat are relevant to the CIS and therefore the investor.\n\n\nV alu-Trac maintains an internal risk register to monitor operational risk.\nThis is updated regularly and made \navailable to all staff. All staff are empowered to report errors. Internal and\nexternal reviews are undertaken to \nassist detection of unreported errors. Reporting of these errors would follow\nthe organisational chart as set out \nin section 1.1.1. There is also an IT Risk Register maintained by the Head of\nIT.\n\n\nR egulatory Risk \u2013 The Compliance Officer monitors the regulations governing\nCISs in particular the FCA \nCOLL Sourcebook and UCIT Directives. Any changes in rules are notified ahead\nto the investment manager \nresponsible for the OEIC to allow any changes to processes to be made. The\nOEIC fund accountants monitor \nthe investments to ensure that they comply with the COLL rules and the ACD\nalso monitors this. It is also \nincluded in internal and external compliance monitoring.\n\n\nV aluation Risk \u2013 the risk that the valuation of a specific transaction may\nnot be accurate. This risk may \nincrease with the complexity of the transactions entered into or where assets\nare domiciled in different time \nzones.\n\n\nV aluations of a CIS will always be carried out in accordance with the\nrelevant prospectus. Valu-Trac utilises \nmultiple independent data sources in order to minimise risk of incorrect\nvaluations. Price exceptions are \nreviewed independently by the Head of the Pricing team prior to release. A\nnotice is circulated by the Pricing \nteam to the Fund Accountants for each Valuation Point time within the day to\nconfirm when the prices are \nready to be imported. Any errors arising for whatever reason are reported to\nthe Head of Administration \nimmediately.\n\n\n# U nitholder Risk - we should ensure:-\n\n\n\u2022 a robust process for assessing the risk a client is willing and able to take\nis in place and includes:\n\n\n \n\n1\\. Assessing a clients capacity for loss; \n2\\. Identifying clients that are best suited to placing their money in cash\ndeposits because they are \nunwilling or unable to accept the risk of loss of capital, and \n3\\. Appropriately interpreting client responses to questions and not\nattributing inappropriate weight to \ncertain answers.\n\n\n\u2022 tools, where used, are fit for purpose and any limitations recognised and\nmitigated;\n\n\n\u2022 any questions and answers that are used to establish the risk a client is\nwilling and able to take and \ndescriptions used to check this, are fair, clear and not misleading;\n\n\n\u2022 a robust and flexible process for ensuring investment selections are\nsuitable given all aspects of a \nclients investment objectives and financial situation (including the risk they\nare willing and able to \ntake) as well as their knowledge and experience;\n\n\nR egistered Office:\n\n\n \nLevel 13, Broadgate Tower, 20 Primrose Street \nLondon, EC2A 2EW\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3114199, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>LISTING & ANNUAL INFORMATION</p>\n<br><table id='10' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Whether Listed or not</td><td>:</td><td>Unlisted</td></tr><tr><td>Date of last AGM</td><td>:</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Date of Balance Sheet</td><td>:</td><td>Mar 31, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Address other than R/o where all or any books of account and papers are maintained</td><td>:</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Suspended at stock exchange</td><td>:</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Principal Business Activity</td><td>:</td><td>Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation</td></tr></table>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>CONTACT INFORMATION</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Email Id</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Registered Office Address</p>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>:</p>\n<br><p id='15' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>ashishkhetarpal.ca@gmail.com<br>D-350, SECOND FLOOR TAGORE GARDEN EXTN. NEW DELHI West<br>Delhi DL 110027 IN</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>:</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Using the concept of time since the last balance sheet update and recognizing the principal business activity, analyze how an unchanged registered office address might influence investor confidence or risk assessment.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 922, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 2978115, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>8.4. Prize fulfillment is based on availability. Please allow until December 31, 2020 for prize delivery. Taxes<br>on prize, if any, are solely the responsibility of the winner. Winners of a prize valued at $600 or more<br>will receive a Federal Tax Form 1099. We recommend that you consult with your tax advisor if you<br>have further questions. Sponsor reserves the right to substitute a prize of equal or greater value in its<br>sole discretion, unless such substitution is prohibited by law. Sponsor may disqualify a winner and<br>select an alternate winner if any prize is returned undeliverable. Prizes are non-transferable. Sponsor<br>need not substitute a prize based on the winner\u2019s request.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>9. WINNER SELECTION: For each Judging Session during the Judging Period, Sponsor\u2019s representatives<br>will select one (1) potential Grand Prize winner and three (3) potential First Prize winners with the highest<br>scores based on the Judging Criteria from valid Entries received during the Promotion Period. Sponsor\u2019s<br>decisions will be final and binding. Each winning Entrant will be notified via email from the email address<br>provided by the Entrant at the time of Entry. In the event that the potential winning Entrant is deemed<br>ineligible in accordance with the Official Rules, or does not respond to Sponsor\u2019s prize notification message<br>within the specified time or the prize notification message is returned as undeliverable, Sponsor reserves<br>the right to offer the prize to the next eligible Entrant based on the Judging Criteria and in accordance with<br>the Official Rules.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>10. LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY: Sponsor and its respective affiliates, subsidiaries, parent corporations,<br>advertising and promotional agencies, and all of their officers, directors, shareholders, employees, and<br>agents are not responsible for: any incorrect or inaccurate Entry information; human errors; technical<br>malfunctions; failures, omissions, interruptions, deletions, or defects of any telephone network, computer<br>online system, computer equipment, servers, providers, or software, including any injury or damage to<br>Entrant's or any other person's computer relating to participation or inability to participate in the Promotion;<br>inability to access the Site or upload information or data; theft, tampering, destruction, or unauthorized<br>access to, or alteration of, Entries; data that is processed late or incorrectly or is incomplete or lost due to<br>telephone, computer, or electronic malfunction or traffic congestion on telephone lines or the Internet or<br>any website (including the Site) or for any other reason whatsoever; printing or other errors; or any<br>combination thereof. Proof of uploading information or data or entering information at the Site is not<br>considered proof of delivery or receipt. Illegible, duplicate and incomplete Entries will be disqualified. False,<br>fraudulent, or deceptive Entries or acts shall render Entrants ineligible and all associated Entries or Votes<br>will be void.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>11. INDEMNITY: Entrant shall indemnify and defend Sponsor its parent companies, each of Sponsor\u2019s<br>advertising agencies, and the officers, directors, employees, and agents of all of the foregoing and the<br>successors and assigns of each of them, from and against actions, claims, damages, liabilities, costs and<br>expenses, including reasonable counsel fees related to (i) Entrant\u2019s use of any prize, (ii) the Sponsor\u2019s use<br>of any of the materials submitted by Entrant in connection with this Promotion or (iii) any intentional<br>misconduct or negligence by Entrant in connection with this Promotion.</p>\n<p id='22' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>12. RELEASES: As a condition of participating in the Promotion, Entrants release Sponsor and its parent,<br>subsidiaries, agencies, divisions and affiliates from liability, for loss, harm, damage, injury, cost or expense<br>whatsoever including property damage, personal injury and death that may occur in connection with,<br>preparation for, travel to, or participation in the Promotion, or possession, acceptance or use of prize or<br>participation in any Promotion-related activities and claims based on publicity rights, copyright or trademark<br>infringement, defamation or invasion of privacy and merchandise delivery.</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>13. GENERAL CONDITIONS: Potential winning Entrants are subject to Sponsor\u2019s verification. Sponsor\u2019s<br>decisions are final and binding in all matters related to the Promotion. Potential winners must comply with<br>the Official Rules, and receipt of prizes is contingent upon fulfilling all requirements. Sponsor is not</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 69520, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2 Grand Prize Winners: 2 nights accommodation, tickets to the Fri/Sat Swim venue,<br>Friday night swimsuit release party, Saturday night concert and $3k spending cash.<br>Value slightly more than $5k.</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>2 Runner Ups: 2 nights accommodation, tickets to the Fri/Sat Swim venue and<br>Saturday night concert and $3k spending cash. Value slightly more than $5k.</p>\n<p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>For All Prizes: All prize details, including color and brand, will be determined by<br>Sponsor in its sole discretion. Prizes are non-transferable and no substitution will<br>be made except as provided herein at the Sponsor\u2019s sole discretion. Sponsor<br>reserves the right to substitute a prize for one of equal or greater value if the<br>designated prize should become unavailable for any reason. Winners are<br>responsible for all taxes and fees associated with prize receipt and/or use. Odds<br>of winning a prize depend on the number of eligible entries received during the<br>applicable Contest Entry Period.</p>\n<p id='11' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>6. Release: By receipt of any prize, winners agree to release and hold harmless<br>Sponsor, BTL Industries, and their respective subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers,<br>distributors, advertising/promotion agencies, and prize suppliers and each of their<br>respective parent companies and each such company\u2019s officers, directors,<br>employees and agents (collectively, the \u201cReleased Parties\u201d) from and against any<br>claim or cause of action, including, but not limited to, personal injury, death, or</p>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>damage to or loss of property, arising out of participation in the Contest or receipt<br>or use or misuse of any prize.</p>\n<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>7. Publicity: Except where prohibited, participation in the Contest constitutes<br>each winner\u2019s consent to Sponsor\u2019s and its agents\u2019 use of winner\u2019s name, likeness,<br>photograph, voice, opinions and/or hometown and state for promotional<br>purposes in any media, worldwide, without further payment or consideration.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>8. General Conditions: Sponsor reserves the right to cancel, suspend and/or<br>modify the Contest, or any part of it, if any fraud, technical failures, human error<br>or any other factor impairs the integrity or proper functioning of the Contest, as<br>determined by Sponsor in its sole discretion. In such event, Sponsor, in its sole<br>discretion, may elect to hold a random drawing from among all eligible entries<br>received up to the date of discontinuance for any or all of the prizes offered<br>herein. Sponsor reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to disqualify any<br>individual it finds to be tampering with the entry process or the operation of the</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 258784, "type": "text", "content": "7.2. In order to receive the Prize, the Participant's legal representative\nshall provide the following \nreliable information about himself / herself to the email address specified by\nthe Organizer in addition to \nthe information specified in the Participant's application:\n\n\n \n\n\\- Full name, active phone number for communication, email address, city,\nactual address of residence \nfor delivery of the Prize.\n\n\n \n\n7.3. Prize shall be sent to the Winner by Organizer or by responsible Partner\nwithin 30 (thirty) \ncalendar days from the moment the Winner is determined and from the moment the\nWinner fulfills all the \nobligations set out in the Terms & Conditions, including the obligations to\nprovide data defined in 7.2 of \nthe Terms & Conditions. The Winner will be informed about the procedure of the\nPrize delivery by \nnotification to the email address provided to the Organizer by Organizer. In\nthe case of courier delivery, the \nOrganizer`s or Partner`s obligation to award the Prize is considered fulfilled\nfrom the moment the Prize is \ntransferred to the courier delivery service.\n\n\n \n\n7.4. Clauses 7.1 \u2013 7.3 of these Terms and Conditions shall be applicable to\nthe Prized that are subject \nto delivery.\n\n\n \n\n7.5. In case of the Guaranteed Prize provided in the electronic format the\nOrganizer shall contact the \nLegal representative of the Winner via email (specifically the following\ne-mail address: \nadvent@animaccord.site) within 2 (two) weeks from the date of publication of\nthe Contest results to \nprovide details (code or other) for Prize receipt.\n\n\n \n\n7.6. Winners cannot be paid the cash equivalent of the Prize value in kind. If\nany taxes are applicable, \nthe Organizer shall pay all applicable taxes in cases established by the\ncurrent applicable legislation of the \nUK. The Winner hereby agrees to provide to the Organizer all the necessary tax\ninformation for proceeding \nwith taxes payment associated with the Contest, if needed, within 3 (three)\ndays since corresponding \nrequest from the Organizer\n\n\n \n\n7.7. Prizes are transferred to the Winners only after mandatory verification\nby the Organizer for \ncompliance by Participants with the Terms & Conditions and bona fide of\nParticipants ' actions. The \nOrganizer has the right to use any means of verification. By taking part in\nthe Contest, the Participant \n(his/her legal representative) unconditionally agrees to this provision and\nhas no right to make claims to the \nOrganizer in this regard.\n\n\n \n\n7.8. Prizes in the physical form that are not distributed or unclaimed by the\nParticipants or not \nreceived by the Participants in the period of Prize delivery by the courier,\ncan be used at Organizer`s own \ndiscretion, in particular, they can be distributed among other Participants by\nthe involving additional stage \nof determining the Winner or otherwise at the discretion of the Organizer.\nPrizes in the electronic form \nshall be actual without time limitation\n\n\n \n\n7.9. The Organizer is not responsible for failure to provide notification of\nwinning the Contest if the \nWinner provided incorrect contact details, as well as if it is impossible to\ncontact the Winner by email \nand/or phone due to their malfunction or other reasons beyond the control of\nthe Organizer.\n\n\n \n\n7.8. The Organizer reserves the right to bar individuals from participation in\nthe Contest and issue of a \nPrize if, in accordance with these Terms & Conditions, a person is not\neligible to participate in the Contest.\n\n\n8\\. Information procedure of the Contest\n\n\n8 .1. Participants (legal representatives) shall be informed about the\nContest, including the rules of its \nconduct, by publication information on the Website.\n\n\n \n\n8.2. For all questions related to the Contest, Participants (legal\nrepresentatives) can contact the \nOrganizer via e-mail competition@animaccord.com. If Participants (legal\nrepresentatives) send the \nrequests for feedback via the Website the Organizer shall respond within 5\n(five) business days by \nOrganizer\u2019s e-mail competition@animaccord.com.\n\n\n7\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 69522, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>entrant hereby waives all rights to claim, indirect, punitive, incidental and<br>consequential damages and any other damages, other than for actual out-of-<br>pocket expenses, and any and all rights to have damages multiplied or otherwise<br>increased. All issues and questions concerning the construction, validity,<br>interpretation and enforceability of these Official Rules, or the rights and<br>obligations of the entrant and Sponsor in connection with the Contest, shall be<br>governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of<br>Massachusetts without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law rules<br>(whether of the State of Massachusetts or any other jurisdiction), which would<br>cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of<br>Massachusetts.</p>\n<p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>11.Winner List: For a winner list, visit<br>https:www.bodybybtl.com/emculptexperiences or @btlaesthetics on Instagram.<br>The winner list will be posted after winner confirmation is complete.</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2195332, "type": "text", "content": "On Air Prize\n\n\nto participate. These restrictions also apply to immediate household members\nof \ncontest or prize winners.\n\n\n \n\nd. To claim a prize, the winner(s) must provide valid government-issued photo \nidentification and provide their complete address, date of birth and phone\nnumber, \nand Social Security Number.\n\n\n \n\ne. Entrants are required to provide truthful information and the Station will\nreject and \ndelete any entry that it discovers to be false or fraudulent. The Station will \ndisqualify any entrant who does not meet the eligibility requirements and will\nalso \ndelete any entry as required by law.\n\n\n \n\nf. This Contest is subject to all applicable federal, state and local laws and \nregulations. By participating, entrant agrees to comply with these Official\nRules \nand the decisions of the Station, which are final and binding in all respects.\n\n\n \n\n# 3\\. PRIZES\n\n\n \n\na. Five (5) prizes will be awarded. Each prize consists of ONE (1) ticket for\nwinner \nand ONE (1) ticket for their guest to see to Country In The Park 2021 located\nat \nCal Expo [1600 Exposition Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95815] on Saturday, September \n18, 2021 at approximately 12PM PST. The Approximate Retail Value (\u201cARV\u201d) of \nthe prize(s) is $80.00. Transportation costs are excluded in the given price.\nThe \nwinner(s) will be solely responsible for all taxes and all other fees and\nexpenses \nnot specified herein associated with the receipt and use of the prize(s). The\nprize \nis valid only on the date(s) printed on the prize, and they are not refundable\nor \ntransferable, may not be sold to a third party, and may not be substituted or \nexchanged for cash or credit at any time, nor will they be replaced if lost or\nstolen. \nIf a prize-related event is unable to take place as scheduled, for reasons\nsuch as \ncancellation, preemption, postponement or unavailability, including for\nweather, or \nfor any reason beyond the control of the Station or Contest Administrator or \nSponsor, their sole responsibility to the winner(s) will be to award the\nremaining \navailable elements of the prize(s) and no substitution or compensation will be \nprovided for the unawarded elements of the prize(s). The Station, in its sole \ndiscretion, reserves the right to deny entry to or to remove the winner(s)\nand/or \nguest(s) if either engages in disruptive behavior or in a manner with intent\nto annoy, \nabuse, threaten or harass any other person at the prize related event(s).\n\n\n \n\nb. All sales, prizes and other taxes, gratuities and any other incidentals\nassociated \nwith the prizes are the sole responsibility of the prizewinner(s). Prizes are\nnot \ntransferable or exchangeable and may not be substituted, except by sponsors\nfor \nreasons of unavailability, in which case, a prize of equal or greater value\nwill be \nawarded. The Station assumes no responsibility or liability for damages, loss,\nor \ninjury resulting from acceptance or use of the prize. The Station is not\nresponsible \nfor replacing prizes that have been awarded in the event of show/prize \ncancellations as a result of weather, promoter, or performer actions. The\nStation \nreserves the right, in its sole discretion, to cancel or suspend the Contest\nshould a\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2089343, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='13' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>these Official Rules, then another entry may be selected in accordance with these Official Rules. Your<br>chances of winning a prize depend on the number of eligible entries received during the Entry Period.</p>\n<p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>S ponsor will attempt to contact potential winners via an email, telephone or other means provided when<br>registering for the Event. Potential winners may also (i) if required, complete, sign and return a<br>declaration of compliance with these Official Rules and a liability and publicity release (the \u201cPromotion<br>Releases\u201d); and (ii) otherwise be in compliance with these Official Rules. If a potential winner cannot be<br>contacted within three (3) days of the Sponsor\u2019s first attempt at contact, fails to complete, sign and return<br>any required Promotion Releases within the time specified on such releases and/or otherwise is not in<br>compliance with these Official Rules, he/she will be disqualified and forfeits the prize.</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>I n the event a potential winner is disqualified or not eligible, he/she shall not be awarded the prize, that<br>prize may not be awarded, and Sponsor shall be fully and completely released and discharged from any<br>liability or responsibility in this regard. Prizes will be mailed to confirmed winners within four (4) to six (6)<br>weeks from date of winner\u2019s confirmation. By accepting a prize or portion of a prize, winners authorize the<br>Sponsor and its designees to broadcast, publish and disseminate his/her name, city and state/province of<br>residence, photograph, likeness, comment and voice, in connection with any promotion or publicity of the<br>Promotion with no further compensation, notification or permission. The winners may be featured on<br>Sephora\u2019s Instagram page and posts.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>F or the names of the prize winners, please send an email to RSVP@sephora.com by no later than<br>August, 23, 2021.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 69521, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Contest or to be acting in violation of the Official Rules of this or any other<br>promotion or in an unsportsmanlike or disruptive manner. Any attempt by any<br>person to deliberately undermine the legitimate operation of the Contest may be<br>a violation of criminal and civil law, and, should such an attempt be made,<br>Sponsor reserves the right to seek damages from any such person to the fullest<br>extent permitted by law. Sponsor\u2019s failure to enforce any term of these Official<br>Rules shall not constitute a waiver of that provision.</p>\n<p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>9. Limitations of Liability: The Released Parties are not responsible for: (1) any<br>incorrect or inaccurate information, whether caused by entrants, printing errors<br>or by any of the equipment or programming associated with or utilized in the<br>Contest; (2) technical failures of any kind, including, but not limited to<br>malfunctions, interruptions, or disconnections in phone lines or network<br>hardware or software; (3) unauthorized human intervention in any part of the<br>entry process or the Contest; (4) technical or human error which may occur in the<br>administration of the Contest or the processing of entries; (5) late, lost,<br>undeliverable, damaged or stolen mail; or (6) any injury or damage to persons or<br>property which may be caused, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, from<br>entrant\u2019s participation in the Contest or receipt or use or misuse of any prize. If<br>for any reason an entrant's entry is confirmed to have been erroneously deleted,<br>lost, or otherwise destroyed or corrupted, entrant\u2019s sole remedy is another entry<br>in the Contest, if it is possible. No more than the stated number of prizes will be<br>awarded. In the event that production, technical, seeding, programming or any<br>other reasons cause more than the stated number of prizes as set forth in these<br>Official Rules to be available</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>and/or claimed, Sponsor reserves the right to award only the stated number of<br>prizes by a random drawing among all legitimate, un-awarded, eligible prize<br>claims.</p>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>10. Disputes: Except where prohibited, entrant agrees that: (1) any and all<br>disputes, claims and causes of action arising out of or connected with this Contest<br>or any prize awarded shall be resolved individually, without resort to any form of<br>class action, and exclusively by the United States District Court of Massachusetts<br>or the appropriate Massachusetts State Court (2) any and all claims, judgments<br>and awards shall be limited to actual out-of-pocket costs incurred, including costs<br>associated with entering this Contest, but in no event attorneys\u2019 fees; and (3)<br>under no circumstances will entrant be permitted to obtain awards for, and</p>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3290110, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Prize winners. In the event of a tie, the Nominee whose Submission receives the highest score for \"Impact:<br>Articulates the positive impact that having extra shipping supplies and support would have in combating the<br>previously described challenges,\" as determined by the qualified judges in their sole discretion, will be<br>deemed the applicable potential winner from amongst the tied Nominees. Sponsor will not disclose judging<br>scores.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>8 . Winner Requirements: Potential Nominee winners and their Nominator will be notified by email, mail, or<br>phone on or around May 3, 2021. Each potential Nominee winner will be required to review the Official<br>Rules and to sign and return a Declaration of Compliance, Liability Waiver and, where not prohibited, a<br>Publicity Release (\"Declaration\"), which must be received by Administrator within five (5) days of the date<br>notice or attempted notice is sent, in order to claim their prize. If a potential winner cannot be contacted,<br>fails to execute and return the Declaration or provide any other requested information, within the required<br>time period (if/as applicable), does not comply with these Official Rules, or if prize is returned as<br>undeliverable, potential winner forfeits the prize. If a potential Nominee winner is disqualified for any reason,<br>the prize may be awarded to a runner-up, if any, in Sponsor\u2019s sole discretion. Only three (3) alternate<br>winners may be determined, after which the applicable prize will remain un-awarded.</p>\n<p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>9 . Prizes: ONE (1) GRAND PRIZE: Grand Prize package includes a $10,000 check, virtual Celebrity<br>Coaching session with entrepreneur Bethenny Frankel, and one (1)-year\u2019s supply of Scotch\u2122 Brand<br>product, which includes forty-eight (48) Scotch Flex & Seal Shipping Rolls, 50 ft (2.1 lbs; 15 x 9.5 x 9.5 in);<br>forty-eight (48) Scotch Box Lock Packaging Tape, 3\u201d core with Refillable Dispenser (4.8oz; 2.45 x 4.5 x 5.8<br>in); and six (6) Scotch Precision Scissors (3.2oz; 0.7 x 3.25 x 10.65 in.). The coaching session must be<br>completed by June 30, 2021 or that portion of the prize will be forfeited. Approximate Retail Value (\u201cARV\u201d):<br>$32,171.94. FIVE (5) FIRST PRIZES: Each First Prize package includes a $1,000 check, Scotch\u2122 Brand<br>product samples, which includes four (4) Scotch Flex & Seal Shipping Rolls, 50 ft (2.1 lbs; 15 x 9.5 x 9.5 in);<br>four (4) Scotch Box Lock Packaging Tape, 3\u201d core with Refillable Dispenser (4.8oz; 2.45 x 4.5 x 5.8 in); and<br>two (2) Scotch Precision Scissors (3.2oz; 0.7 x 3.25 x 10.65 in.) ARV: $1,189.00.</p>\n<p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>P rizes are non-transferable and no substitution will be made except as provided herein at the Sponsor\u2019s<br>sole discretion. Sponsor reserves the right to substitute a prize (or a component thereof) for one of equal or<br>greater value if the designated prize should become unavailable for any reason. Winners of a prize valued<br>at or greater than $600 will receive an IRS form 1099 and are responsible for all taxes and fees associated<br>with prize receipt and/or use. Limit: One (1) prize per person. Prizes will be fulfilled 8 \u2013 10 weeks after the<br>end of the Contest.</p>\n<p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 0. Release: By entering and participating in the Contest, each winner agrees to release and hold harmless<br>the Sponsor, Administrator, and their respective parent companies, subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers,<br>distributors, advertising/promotion agencies, and prize suppliers, and each of their respective parent<br>companies and each such company\u2019s officers, directors, employees and agents (collectively, the \u201cReleased<br>Parties\u201d) from and against any claim or cause of action, including, but not limited to, personal injury, death,<br>or damage to or loss of property, arising out of participation in the Contest or receipt or use or misuse of any<br>prize, including any related travel.</p>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 1. Publicity Acceptance of any prize shall constitute and signify each winner\u2019s agreement and consent<br>that Sponsor and its designees may use the winner\u2019s name, city, state, likeness, photo, video, Submission,<br>and/or prize information in connection with the Contest for promotional, advertising public relations/media<br>activities, including but not limited to: on-site, in-studio, telephone and e-mail media interviews, media<br>appearances, or other purposes, worldwide, prior to, during and after the selection of the winning Entries, in<br>any and all media now known or hereafter devised, including the Internet, without limitation and without<br>further payment, notification, permission or other consideration, except where prohibited by law. With<br>acceptance of any prize, Sponsor may request that the winner participate in a video and/or photo shoot,<br>which may require the winner to participate in activities including but not limited to script reading, sharing<br>business background and answering business questions. In acceptance of receiving the grand prize, the<br>winner consents to the Sponsor capturing photo and video content via screengrabs and screen recordings<br>throughout the virtual coaching session for use on Sponsor-owned social channels or websites/microsites,<br>and/or Celebrity Coach\u2019s social channels.</p>\n<p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>1 2. Ownership of Submission: Each winner shall irrevocably grant, transfer, convey and assign to</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2807949, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(512,74); bottom-right:(761,204)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Catalina Express 40th Anniversary Sweepstakes (\u201cSweepstakes\u201d)</p>\n<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>O fficial Rules</p>\n<h1 id='3' style='font-size:14px'>Catalina Express 40th Anniversary Prize</h1>\n<p id='4' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Each package includes two (2) round-trip transportation tickets aboard Catalina Express expiring August<br>25, 2022, excluding holidays. Tickets are valid Monday \u2013 Thursday. Subject to taxes ($6 round-trip, per<br>person) from Long Beach, San Pedro or Dana Point to Avalon or Two Harbors, Catalina Island. Taxes are<br>subject to change based on the City of Avalon wharfage fee. Valid for general seating only. Subject to<br>availability. Catalina Channel Express is the sponsor of the Sweepstakes and will be henceforth referred<br>to as Sponsor. Prize is non-transferable and no substitution will be made except as provided herein at the<br>Sponsor\u2019s sole discretion. Sponsor reserves the right to substitute a prize for one of equal or greater<br>value if the designated prize should become unavailable for any reason. All odds of winning a prize<br>depend on the number of eligible entries received during the Promotion Period.</p>\n<br><p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Eligibility and Restrictions: No payment of Purchase is necessary to enter. Void where prohibited.<br>Open to everyone 18 years of age or older with a valid email address at the time of entry. Entrants must<br>be present in the United States at the time they enter the sweepstakes online. The winner will be required<br>to have photo identification, Driver\u2019s license, Government ID or passport. The sweepstakes is subject to<br>all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Employees of Sponsor and their respective<br>officers, directors, employees, agents and members of their immediate family (defined as spouse,<br>children, parents, in-laws, siblings and/or members of a same household) are not eligible. Participation<br>constitutes entrant\u2019s full and unconditional agreement to these Official Rules and Sponsor\u2019s and<br>Administrator\u2019s decisions, which are final and binding in all matters related to the sweepstakes. Winning a<br>prize is contingent upon fulfilling all requirements set forth herein. There are no refunds, no<br>cash redemption and the prize is non-transferable.</p>\n<br><p id='6' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Timing: All entries must be received between July 15, 2021 at 8:00am PT to August 24, 2021 at 11:59<br>pm PT (the \u201cPromotion Period\u201d) to be eligible to win the prize. One winner will be selected per day and<br>entrants can enter once a day. Administrator\u2019s computer is the official time-keeping device for the<br>sweepstakes.</p>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>How to Enter: To enter, entrants must fill out the required form fields on the Sweepstakes landing page.<br>You automatically will receive one (1) entry into the sweepstakes. Entries can be received every day<br>starting July 15, 2021 through August 24, 2021. The winner is selected from the list of entries from that<br>previous day. A new list of entries will be downloaded daily. Limit one entry per person or email address<br>per day. Multiple entrants are not permitted. Any attempt by any entrant to obtain more than one (1) entry<br>will void that entrant's entries and that entrant may be disqualified. Use of any automated system to<br>participate is prohibited and will result in disqualification. Late and/or subsequent entries per person, per<br>household, per email address and/or username will be disqualified.</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sponsor reserves the right, at their sole discretion, to disqualify any individual who tampers with the entry<br>process and to cancel, terminate, modify or suspend the sweepstakes, and to select the winner from<br>eligible entries received prior to the modification or termination of the sweepstakes. In the event of a<br>dispute regarding the identity of the person submitting an entry, the entry will be deemed to be submitted<br>by the person in whose name is registered to the email.</p>\n<br><p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sponsor is not responsible for failure to receive an entry for any reason including but not limited to<br>submission and/or transmission failures, technical malfunctions and/or other conditions beyond their<br>reasonable control.</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Sweepstakes: The winner will be randomly selected daily through the Sweepstakes time period via the<br>use a random selection tool, Random.org. The potential winner will be notified by email. If a potential<br>winner of the prize cannot be contacted within 48 hours or the prize is returned as undeliverable, the</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2195340, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='21' style='font-size:18px'>On Air Prize</header>\n<p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>to participate. These restrictions also apply to immediate household members of<br>contest or prize winners.</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>d. To claim a prize, the winner(s) must provide valid government-issued photo<br>identification and provide their complete address, date of birth and phone number,<br>and Social Security Number.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>e. Entrants are required to provide truthful information and the Station will reject and<br>delete any entry that it discovers to be false or fraudulent. The Station will<br>disqualify any entrant who does not meet the eligibility requirements and will also<br>delete any entry as required by law.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>f. This Contest is subject to all applicable federal, state and local laws and<br>regulations. By participating, entrant agrees to comply with these Official Rules<br>and the decisions of the Station, which are final and binding in all respects.</p>\n<br><h1 id='26' style='font-size:18px'>3. PRIZES</h1>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>a. Five (5) prizes will be awarded. Each prize consists of ONE (1) ticket for winner<br>and ONE (1) ticket for their guest to see to Country In The Park 2021 located at<br>Cal Expo [1600 Exposition Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95815] on Saturday, September<br>18, 2021 at approximately 12PM PST. The Approximate Retail Value (\u201cARV\u201d) of<br>the prize(s) is $80.00. Transportation costs are excluded in the given price. The<br>winner(s) will be solely responsible for all taxes and all other fees and expenses<br>not specified herein associated with the receipt and use of the prize(s). The prize<br>is valid only on the date(s) printed on the prize, and they are not refundable or<br>transferable, may not be sold to a third party, and may not be substituted or<br>exchanged for cash or credit at any time, nor will they be replaced if lost or stolen.<br>If a prize-related event is unable to take place as scheduled, for reasons such as<br>cancellation, preemption, postponement or unavailability, including for weather, or<br>for any reason beyond the control of the Station or Contest Administrator or<br>Sponsor, their sole responsibility to the winner(s) will be to award the remaining<br>available elements of the prize(s) and no substitution or compensation will be<br>provided for the unawarded elements of the prize(s). The Station, in its sole<br>discretion, reserves the right to deny entry to or to remove the winner(s) and/or<br>guest(s) if either engages in disruptive behavior or in a manner with intent to annoy,<br>abuse, threaten or harass any other person at the prize related event(s).</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>b. All sales, prizes and other taxes, gratuities and any other incidentals associated<br>with the prizes are the sole responsibility of the prizewinner(s). Prizes are not<br>transferable or exchangeable and may not be substituted, except by sponsors for<br>reasons of unavailability, in which case, a prize of equal or greater value will be<br>awarded. The Station assumes no responsibility or liability for damages, loss, or<br>injury resulting from acceptance or use of the prize. The Station is not responsible<br>for replacing prizes that have been awarded in the event of show/prize<br>cancellations as a result of weather, promoter, or performer actions. The Station<br>reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to cancel or suspend the Contest should a</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Determine the total number of days covered by all included events for both grand prize and runner-up winners if an unplanned event occurs on Sunday. Calculate the days for participation and describe the impact of this additional event on contest logistics.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 932, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 3169398, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='18' style='font-size:14px'>D2.6 - COMPLETE EXPLOITATION PLAN</header>\n<p id='19' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Identify drivers for a successful exploitation and consider how those drivers can be harnessed<br>and strengthened.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 If there are obstacles to a successful exploitation of the project from today\u2019s perspective,<br>address them early on.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Put a strong focus on how European stakeholders (customers of cloud services, providers<br>of cloud services) can pro\ufb01t from the exploitation of the results.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Develop a timeline for exploitation, showing how the exploitation can be structured in<br>phases. Identify the prospective time frame after the end of the project to bring the results<br>to the market.</p>\n<p id='23' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Identify concrete customer needs that are addressed with the solution and product, and<br>describe ways to quantitatively measure the success.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Involve marketing, product-management, and sales departments early on in the process.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 If possible, start exploitation of intermediate results already during the project.</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Consider synergies for exploitation with other projects, possibly also funded ones.</p>\n<h1 id='27' style='font-size:16px'>Economic factors</h1>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Aim at a quick access to the market. If necessary, create new markets for a successful<br>exploitation.</p>\n<p id='29' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Address the market for exploitation today (market analysis, prognoses, technical develop-<br>ments).</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Assess the competition for the developed results, in Europe and worldwide.</p>\n<br><p id='31' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Provide innovation in project results, ensure there are advantages compared to competitors.</p>\n<h1 id='32' style='font-size:16px'>Scienti\ufb01c and technical goals</h1>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Assess the impact of general technological progress on the exploitation scenarios.</p>\n<br><p id='34' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Pay attention to non-technical developments (legal aspects, privacy aspects, . . . ) and their<br>in\ufb02uence on exploitation.</p>\n<h1 id='35' style='font-size:16px'>Intellectual property</h1>\n<br><p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Consider to protect intellectual property, for example, through patents.</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:20px'>3.2.2 Guideline for Academic Partners</p>\n<br><h1 id='38' style='font-size:16px'>General strategy</h1>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Identify drivers for a successful exploitation and consider how those drivers can be harnessed<br>and strengthened.</p>\n<br><p id='40' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 If there are obstacles to a successful exploitation of the project from today\u2019s perspective,<br>address them early on.</p>\n<br><p id='41' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Put a strong focus on how European stakeholders (customers of cloud services, providers<br>of cloud services) can pro\ufb01t from the exploitation of the results.</p>\n<footer id='42' style='font-size:16px'>\u2013 22 of 49 \u2013</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 46700, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='0' style='font-size:22px'>EIT HEI INITIATIVE<br>Innovation Capacity Building<br>for Higher Education</h1>\n<h1 id='1' style='font-size:20px'>Innovation Capacity Building<br>in UNITA</h1>\n<h1 id='2' style='font-size:20px'>INNOUNITA</h1>\n<br><figure><img id='3' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(737,208); bottom-right:(1309,784)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:20px'>Participating partners</h1>\n<p id='5' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>University of Turin<br>(Lead partner)</p>\n<br><h1 id='6' style='font-size:16px'>ITALY</h1>\n<br><p id='7' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>University of Zaragoza</p>\n<br><p id='8' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>SPAIN</p>\n<p id='9' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>University of Beira Interior</p>\n<br><p id='10' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>University of Pau and the Adour Region</p>\n<br><h1 id='11' style='font-size:16px'>PORTUGAL FRANCE</h1>\n<p id='12' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Savoy Mont Blanc University West University of Timi\u0219oara</p>\n<br><h1 id='13' style='font-size:16px'>FRANCE</h1>\n<br><p id='14' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>ROMANIA</p>\n<p id='15' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Max. funding Phase 1<br>\u20ac400,000</p>\n<br><p id='16' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Max. funding Phase 2<br>\u20ac800,000</p>\n<p id='17' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Initiative website: eit-hei.eu<br>Get in touch: hei@eitrawmaterials.eu</p>\n<br><figure><img id='18' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Supported By\" data-coord=\"top-left:(511,1610); bottom-right:(650,1701)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='19' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(692,1610); bottom-right:(928,1702)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 653316, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='0' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>and look for ways to reform their systems to promote excellence, foster closer co-operation<br>and pursue smart specialisation from an EU perspective. They should review their operational<br>programmes co-financed by the Structural Funds, in line with priorities fixed under Europe<br>2020, and seek to allocate additional resources to research and innovation. The National<br>Reform Programmes, which are due by April 2011, should identify what specific steps they<br>will take, by when and if expenditure is involved how this will be accounted for. The new<br>European Research Area Committee (ERAC) should take responsibility for fostering progress<br>by Member States in implementing the Innovation Union, ensuring the necessary participation<br>from industry ministries and coordination with the Enterprise Policy Group.</p>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Stakeholders \u2013 business, local authorities, social partners, foundations, NGOs \u2013 are invited to<br>support the Innovation Union. The European Economic and Social Committee and the<br>Committee of the Regions are invited to work with the organisations and bodies they<br>represent to mobilise support, encourage initiatives and help disseminate best practices.</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The Commission will facilitate debate and exchanges of ideas and best practice through<br>online exchanges and social networking focusing on the Innovation Union.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To further encourage this process of change and to promote an innovation mind-set, the<br>Commission will convene an annual Innovation Convention to discuss the state of the<br>Innovation Union, in conjunction with the proposed European Parliament debate. This should<br>involve Ministers, Members of the European Parliament, business leaders, deans of<br>universities and research centres, bankers and venture capitalists, top researchers, innovators<br>and, last but not least, citizens of Europe.</p>\n<h1 id='4' style='font-size:18px'>EN</h1>\n<br><footer id='5' style='font-size:14px'>31</footer>\n<br><footer id='6' style='font-size:18px'>EN</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 653294, "type": "html", "content": "<table id='0' style='font-size:16px'><tr><td></td><td>operation, aiming for them to be in force by end 2014. They will notably seek to ensure through a common approach:</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- quality of doctoral training, attractive employment conditions and gender balance in research careers;</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- mobility of researchers across countries and sectors, including through open recruitment in public research institutions and comparable research career structures and by facilitating the creation of European supplementary pension funds;</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- cross-border operation of research performing organisations, funding agencies and foundations, including by ensuring simplicity and mutual coherence of funding rules and procedures, building on the work of stakeholders, funding agencies and their representative organisations;</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- dissemination, transfer and use of research results, including through open access to publications and data from publicly funded research;</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- opening of Member State operated research infrastructures to the full European user community; and</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- consistency of EU and national strategies and actions for international cooperation in science and technology.</td></tr><tr><td>5.</td><td>By 2015, Member States together with the Commission should have completed or launched the construction of 60% of the priority European research infrastructures currently identified by the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI)12. The potential for innovation of these (and ICT and other) infrastructures should be increased. The Member States are invited to review their Operational Programmes to facilitate the use of cohesion policy money for this purpose.</td></tr></table>\n<br><p id='1' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>2.3. Focusing EU funding instruments on Innovation Union priorities</p>\n<br><p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>The EU research and innovation programmes have served the EU well by focusing on<br>excellence at European level. The success of the European Research Council shows that this<br>is the way forward. The priority setting process for the cooperation part of the Framework<br>Programme, involving many stakeholders across Europe, provides a unique added value and a<br>basis for priorities defined in many Member State programmes. Major progress has also been<br>made in developing partnerships to jointly implement research funding with Member States<br>and with industry13.</p>\n<br><p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Building on these developments, EU research and innovation funding instruments need to be<br>streamlined and to focus on the objectives of Innovation Union. Support to the whole chain of<br>research and innovation must be strengthened and made more coherent, from blue sky<br>research to market uptake. Funding opportunities should meet the needs of different<br>participants, in particular SMEs with the potential to turn the results into new products and<br>services.</p>\n<p id='4' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>12 http://ec.europa.eu/research/infrastructures/index_en.cfm?pg=esfri-roadmap<br>13 Partnerships based on EU Treaty articles 185 and 187 (Joint Technology Initiatives).</p>\n<br><h1 id='5' style='font-size:20px'>EN</h1>\n<br><footer id='6' style='font-size:16px'>11</footer>\n<br><footer id='7' style='font-size:20px'>EN</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 46701, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='20' style='font-size:22px'>Project description</h1>\n<p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The Innovation Capacity Building in UNITA (INNOUNITA) project<br>represents the opportunity to bring together experiences and<br>know-how, and develop a consistent overall strategy, based on the<br>UNITA University alliance. UNITA is a European University alliance<br>of six comprehensive research universities from five countries,<br>gathering together more than 160,000 students and 15,000 staff<br>members. The alliance\u2019s coverage in the region is wide, with low<br>investment in research and innovation included in the EIT Regional<br>Innovation Scheme (RIS). Portugal, Romania, Spain, and Italy are<br>included, either as a whole country or as specific regions.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Through INNOUNITA, the experiences and approaches developed<br>by the partners to promote and support innovation and<br>entrepreneurship in the staff and student community will be<br>shared in order to set and develop a common ground for promoting</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>entrepreneurial mindsets and strengthening the impact of higher<br>education institutions in the innovation ecosystem. The impact<br>of this project will be particularly important in terms of building a<br>critical mass of new talents in the RIS regions, and filling the gap in<br>scientific, entrepreneurial, and managerial skills, enabling students<br>to undertake complex multidisciplinary tasks. The value added is in<br>the nature of the opportunities that will be created through building<br>one of the most up to date, attractive networks of innovation<br>opportunities. The project is organised in a way that will aim to<br>avoid the \u2018one-shot\u2019 moment, instead creating a smart, creative<br>pipeline for young innovators, from high schools to start-ups or<br>research and development activities, making participants aware<br>(and possibly active users) of all the EIT Knowledge and Innovation<br>Communities\u2019 portfolio programmes.</p>\n<h1 id='24' style='font-size:22px'>Pilot Call Timeline</h1>\n<figure><img id='25' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"2021 2022 2023\nPhase 1 Phase 2\nJuly December January July\" data-coord=\"top-left:(101,701); bottom-right:(1125,834)\" /></figure>\n<h1 id='26' style='font-size:22px'>About the EIT\u2019s HEI Initiative</h1>\n<p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The EIT\u2019s HEI Initiative: Innovation Capacity Building for Higher Education was launched by the European Institute of Innovation<br>and Technology (EIT) and is led by EIT RawMaterials \u2212 one of the EIT\u2019s Knowledge and Innovation Communities.</p>\n<br><p id='28' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>The initiative is part of the EIT\u2019s 2021\u20132027 EIT Strategy, and it aims to help higher education institutions to build the capacity<br>to innovate and to teach innovation and entrepreneurship. More specifically, the initiative aims to encourage these institutions<br>to look at their own practices and develop concrete actions to increase their impact on their ecosystems.</p>\n<br><p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>In March 2020, the HEI Initiative launched a Pilot Call for Proposals, inviting higher education institutions to design activities<br>that will improve their entrepreneurial and innovation capacity. We are pleased to announce the results of this Pilot Call. To stay<br>updated on the latest developments, visit the initiative website (https://www.eit-hei.eu/) and subscribe to our newsletter.</p>\n<footer id='30' style='font-size:16px'>Initiative website: eit-hei.eu<br>Get in touch: hei@eitrawmaterials.eu</footer>\n<br><figure><img id='31' style='font-size:14px' alt=\"Supported By\" data-coord=\"top-left:(508,1609); bottom-right:(649,1701)\" /></figure>\n<br><figure><img id='32' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(700,1636); bottom-right:(760,1697)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 165577, "type": "text", "content": "# Project Management Development \u2013 Practice and Perspectives\n\n\n \n\nSecond International Scientific Conference on Project Management in the Baltic\nCountries \nApril 11-12, 2013, Riga, University of Latvia\n\n\nof experience between the main beneficiary and the cooperators can improve\nboth the strategies \nand the final product. Such cooperation should develop in both the first and\nsecond phase of the \nproject execution [6].\n\n\n# 4 . Conclusion\n\n\n \n\nPoland is not one of the leaders of innovation in Europe. Therefore, most of\nthe current \nEU programs for years 2007 -2013 are devoted to improving innovation across\nthe economy, \nincluding. companies. In fact, all of the available programs in their content\ninclude activities for \ninnovation. One of the most \u201cinnovative\u201d programs is the OP IE being a form of\ndirect support \nfor the development of innovation. Great importance in this respect is given\nto the OP HC, \nwhich through indirect support implements innovative actions.\n\n\n \n\nManagement of projects under EU programs is not an easy task. It includes a\nnumber of \nsteps, starting with the presentation of the project, through its evaluation\nup to the obtaining of \nthe final product. Basing on the example of OP HC it can be concluded that\ninnovation projects \ncan have a multi-dimensional character which greatly expands them, creating a\nnumber of phas- \nes of their execution, achieving and implementation (spreading) of the final\neffect. The complex \nnature of projects requires the involvement of many entities. This is to\nensure the development \nof a better strategy for the implementation of the final product and to\ndevelop a more useful \nform of it in practice. It is believed that in the new programming period\n(between 2014-2020) \nthe mechanism (and thus the management of projects) will be subject to a\nradical change. It will \nbe forced by the change of the form of state aid (a departure from grants in\nfavor of loans).\n\n\n# R eferences\n\n\n \n\n1 . Innovation Union Scoreboard 2011, The Innovation Union\u2019s performance\nscoreboard for Research \nand Innovation, European Commission, UNU-MERIT, 7 February 2012. \n2\\. Stanis\u0142awski R., Unia Europejska dla mened\u017cer\u00f3w \u2013 warunki funkcjonowania\noraz rozwoju ma\u0142ej i \n\u015bredniej przedsi\u0119biorczo\u015bci w kontek\u015bcie za\u0142o\u017ce\u0144 unijnych, Podr\u0119cznik\nakademicki, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a: \nWydawnictwa Naukowe Politechniki \u0141\u00f3dzkiej, 2011. \n3\\. Narodowe Strategiczne Ramy Odniesienia 2007-2013 wspieraj\u0105ce wzrost\ngospodarczy i zatrudnienie, \nNarodowa Strategia Sp\u00f3jno\u015bci, Dokument zaakceptowany decyzj\u0105 KE w dniu 7 maja\n2007 roku, \nMinisterstwo Rozwoju Regionalnego, Warszawa 2007. \n4\\. Stanis\u0142awski R., Lisowska R, The Polish SME innovativeness against a\nbackground of European \nunion countries, Knowledge Base for Management \u2013 Theory and Practice, (ed.)\nStefan Hittmar, \nScentific Monograph Collection, University of Zilina 2010. \n5\\. Bukowski M., Szpor A., \u015aniegocki A, Potencja\u0142 i bariery polskiej\ninnowacyjno\u015bci, Instytut Bada\u0144 \nStrukturalnych, Warszawa 2012. \n6\\. Sta\u0144czak M., Projekty innowacyjne testuj\u0105ce w praktyce, Fundusze\nEuropejskie, Perspektywy \nEuropejskie nr 6/7/ 2012.\n\n\n206\n\n\n \nRobert Stanis\u0142awski, Jaros\u0142aw Kowalski, Ewa Tomczak-Wo\u017aniak\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3169349, "type": "text", "content": "D2.6 - COMPLETE EXPLOITATION PLAN\n\n\n\u2022 Develop a timeline for exploitation, showing how the exploitation can be\nstructured in \nphases. Identify the prospective time frame after the end of the project to\nbring the results \nto the market.\n\n\n\u2022 Identify concrete any student and sta\ufb00 needs that may be addressed with the\nsolution and \nproduct.\n\n\n\u2022 If possible, start exploitation of intermediate results already during the\nproject.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Consider synergies for exploitation with other projects, possibly also\nfunded ones.\n\n\n# Scienti\ufb01c and technical goals\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Assess the impact of general technological progress on the exploitation\nscenarios.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Pay attention to non-technical developments (legal aspects, privacy aspects,\n. . . ) and their \nin\ufb02uence on exploitation.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Pay attention to the competition for the developed results, in Europe and\nworldwide.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Provide innovation in project results, ensure there are advantages compared\nto competitors.\n\n\n# Intellectual property\n\n\n \n\n# \u2022 Consider to protect intellectual property, for example, through patents.\n\n\n# Academic impact and education\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 O\ufb00er seminars, lectures, lab-courses and the-like with topics related to the\nproject. Let the \nresults of the project in\ufb02uence and/or improve education and training.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Consider to exploit the research in the project for improving the\ncontributions to European \nresearch, like building scienti\ufb01c communities, organizing or participating in\nworkshops and \nconferences.\n\n\n\u2022 The project should help to attract new researchers and students.\n\n\n\u2022 Engage in improved dissemination activities through the project, for\npresenting work in \nconferences (industrial and academic), journals, and so on.\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Explore new scienti\ufb01c communities or try to get into other, relevant\ncommunities.\n\n\nSustainability\n\n\n\u2022 Make the results of the work available as open-source.\n\n\n\u2022 Contribute results to established open-source projects.\n\n\n\u2022 Invest in maintaining the project results after the project ended.\n\n\n\u2022 Plan follow-up projects the build on the results.\n\n\n\u2022 Form new relations during the duration of the project and engage with new\npartners in \nfuture collaborations.\n\n\n\u2022 Exploit the project for acquiring new projects and further funding.\n\n\n\u2013 23 of 49 \u2013\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 653267, "type": "text", "content": "work in Europe and to attract a sufficient number of highly skilled third \ncountry nationals to stay in Europe.\n\n\n \n\nresearch infrastructures. By 2012, agreement should be reached with\ninternational \npartners on the development of research infrastructures, including ICT \ninfrastructures, which owing to cost, complexity and/or interoperability \nrequirements can only be developed on a global scale.\n\n\n# 7\\. MAKING IT HAPPEN\n\n\n \n\nTransforming the EU into a genuine Innovation Union requires sustained effort,\nclose co- \noperation and effective implementation at all levels (EU, national, regional)\nover a \nconsiderable number of years. The roles and responsibilities of each actor in\nthe Innovation \nUnion must therefore be clearly defined and strong monitoring mechanisms put\nin place to \navoid slippage.\n\n\n \n\n7.1. Reforming research and innovation systems\n\n\n \n\nWhile action at EU level is important, the quality of national research and\ninnovation systems \n\u2013 and their interaction between themselves and with the EU level \u2013 remains\ncrucial for \npromoting business and citizens' capacity and willingness to invest.\nSignificant reforms to \nnational and regional policies are required.\n\n\n \n\nIn order to help the Member States design these reforms in a context of tight\nbudgetary \nconstraints, the Commission has brought together the available evidence and\nidentified a set \nof policy features which are typically found in systems that perform strongly.\nThey are \npresented in Annex I. Many of these features are already reflected in the\npolicy commitments \nproposed in this Communication. Member States are invited to use the policy\nfeatures \nidentified to carry out a comprehensive \"self-assessment\" of their research\nand innovation \nsystems and subsequently define the key reforms in their Europe 2020 National\nReform \nProgrammes, which are due by April 2011. These policy features may also be\nrelevant for the \ncandidate and potential candidate countries.\n\n\n \n\nThe Commission will use the policy features identified as the basis for\nsupporting further \nexchanges of best practice among Member States and for improving policy\nreporting tools \n(e.g. Trendchart and ERA-WATCH). It also stands ready to support country\nspecific reviews\n\n\n# EN\n\n\n \n28\n\n\n \nEN\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 653272, "type": "text", "content": "\u2013 A broad concept of innovation - including innovation in services, \nimprovements of processes and organisational change, business models, \nmarketing, branding and design - is actively promoted, inter alia through more \ninterdisciplinary work involving groups of users or consumers as important \nconstituencies of open innovation.\n\n\n \n\n\u2013 Supply and demand-side policies are developed in a consistent manner, \nbuilding on and increasing the absorptive capacity of the Single Market.\n\n\n \n\n4\\. There is adequate and predictable public investment in research and\ninnovation \nfocused in particular on stimulating private investment\n\n\n \n\n\u2013 It is recognised that public funding assumes an important role in providing\na \nhigh quality knowledge infrastructure and as an incentive for maintaining \nexcellence in education and research including access to world-class research \ninfrastructures, building regional S&T; capacity and supporting innovation \nactivity especially during periods of economic recessions. As a consequence, \npublic investments in education, research and innovation are prioritised and \nbudgeted in the framework of multi-annual plans to ensure predictability and \nlong term impact, and drawing on the Structural Funds where appropriate.\n\n\n \n\n\u2013 Public funding aims at leveraging greater private sector investments. \nInnovative financing solutions (e.g. public-private partnerships) and the use\nof \ntax incentives are explored and adopted. Reforms are implemented to reflect \nchanging conditions and ensure optimal returns on investments.\n\n\n \n\n5\\. Excellence is a key criterion for research and education policy\n\n\n \n\n\u2013 Research funding is increasingly allocated on a competitive basis and the \nbalance between institutional and project-based funding of research has a\nclear \nrationale. Institutes are evaluated on the basis of internationally recognised \ncriteria and projects are selected on the basis of the quality of proposals\nand \nexpected results, subject to external peer review. Funding to researchers is \nportable across borders and institutes. Results of publicly funded research\nare \nprotected and published in a way that encourages their exploitation.\n\n\n\u2013 Higher education and research institutes enjoy the necessary autonomy to \norganise their activities in the areas of education, research, and innovation, \napply open recruitment methods and to draw on alternative sources of funding \nsuch as philanthropy.\n\n\n\u2013 The legal, financial and social frameworks for research careers, including \ndoctoral studies, offer sufficiently attractive conditions to both men and\nwomen \nin comparison to international standards, especially those in the US. This \nincludes favourable conditions for reconciling private and professional life\nand \nfor professional development and training. There are incentives in place to \nattract leading international talent.\n\n\n6\\. Education and training systems provide the right mix of skills\n\n\n \n\n\u2013 Policies and incentives are in place to ensure a sufficient supply of \n(post)graduates in science, technology, engineering and mathematics and an\n\n\n \n\n# EN\n\n\n \n33\n\n\n \nEN\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2232999, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='83' style='font-size:18px'>Creating a Project Idea</header>\n<h1 id='84' style='font-size:22px'>Key Questions to Unlock Success</h1>\n<br><h1 id='85' style='font-size:20px'>Why Again?</h1>\n<p id='86' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Define clearly, why the project matters. When you want to submit a project to a very competitive<br>call, making the project stand out is highly advisable. Firstly, the project should be aligned with<br>the values, mission, and vision corresponding to the funding mechanism you aim for. Look for<br>keywords, long-term goals beyond the period of the project, and recurrent priorities of the<br>funding scheme or even of European Union. Secondly, you yourself should be firmly convinced of<br>the usefulness of the project. If you and your team, institution, and partners believe in the<br>concept and commit to implementing it, the application will reflect your strong commitment to<br>delivering on the funding mechanism priorities and project aims. Furthermore, a coherent project<br>narrative and constant support from its creators make the project more convincing to the public,<br>including the target groups. Hereby the project stands greater chances of attracting more direct<br>participants, influencing additional indirect participants, and being overall more influential to its<br>stakeholders.</p>\n<h1 id='87' style='font-size:20px'>When?</h1>\n<figure><img id='88' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(56,1027); bottom-right:(421,1615)\" /></figure>\n<br><p id='89' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>Think about the period in which you need to execute the<br>project. When designing the project activities, you and your<br>partners must create a timeline. Activities should be carried out<br>in the time interval required by the funding programme. To avoid<br>delays or being uncoordinated with the project partners,<br>establish a common calendar/Gantt chart. To avoid stressful<br>deadlines, set internal intermediary deadlines, which if exceeded,<br>still allow for leeway. Sufficient time must be allocated before and<br>after the execution of the project. Pre-project; allot enough time<br>to the preparatory actions: duration of the approval of the project<br>submission, calendar of the project financing instalments,<br>transnational communication for deciding joint actions preceding<br>the project. Post-project, plan the follow-up activities, and<br>ensure continuity of dissemination strategy and partnership<br>durability together with the sustainability of the project outputs<br>should there be any.</p>\n<footer id='90' style='font-size:14px'>PAGE 50</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Consider the INNOUNITA project's timeline in relation to the typical academic year in Europe. What strategic considerations should universities make when planning their participation and innovation implementation if they aim to capitalize on available funding phases?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 933, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 39287, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='28' style='font-size:18px'>6.2 Veri\ufb01cation of Synthetic Jet Cases</h1>\n<p id='29' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The synthetic jet test cases from the well known NASA Langley Research Center workshop<br>- \u201cCFD validation of synthetic jets and turbulent separation control\u201d at Williamsburg, VA<br>in 2004 (Rumsey et al., 2004; Yao et al., 2006), have been used for further test and veri-<br>\ufb01cations. Experiments were performed at NASA Langley Research Center using multiple<br>instrumentation systems including particle image velocimetry (PIV), laser doppler velocime-<br>try (LDV) and hotwire probes. All three cases include a vibrating membrane/diaphragm in<br>the con\ufb01guration, which is similar to two-node bending in some \ufb02uid-structure interaction<br>applications. With increasing geometric/physical complexity, they are designed for CFD<br>validation.</p>\n<br><p id='30' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Most researchers used approximate methods in implementing the moving diaphragm,<br>such as using periodic velocity at inlet/outlet (the so called nonmoving-wall transpiration<br>boundary condition) or adopting Cartesian grid plus immersed boundary conditions (Cui<br>and Agarwal, 2004). As the only participants using moving grid boundary condition, Xia<br>and Qin (2005) suggested that the direct simulation of the diaphragm oscillation is the most<br>straightforward and accurate method for the study of the \ufb02ow in the plenum chamber, which<br>in turn can have a signi\ufb01cant e\ufb00ect on the synthetic jet \ufb02ow. They proposed a dynamic<br>grid methodology based on a spring analogy model to treat the oscillating diaphragm in<br>Case 1 and Case 2. No direct simulation of the diaphragm vibration for Case 3 has been<br>found in published literature at this point. As summarized by Rumsey (2008), whether a<br>predictive BC (moving wall) should be used to achieve close agreement with velocities at<br>the ori\ufb01ce is one of the remaining challenges so far. In this work, the algebraic interpolation<br>method was used to directly simulate the movement of the diaphragm. As mentioned earlier,<br>AIM is much less expensive compared to the spring analogy based methods. Below, some<br>preliminary CFD validation for Case 1 is presented, as well as mesh deformation for Case 2</p>\n<footer id='31' style='font-size:14px'>54</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3630004, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='61' style='font-size:14px'>Results and Discussion</header>\n<br><header id='62' style='font-size:14px'>93</header>\n<p id='63' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In the second stage of our analysis modal and harmonic analysis was performed on<br>our design which would predict the operation stability of our turbine at di\ufb00erent<br>values of RPM\u2019s. The modal analysis of the design provided us with 4 modal<br>shapes of our design at frequencies of 288.16, 400.7, 400.3 and 446.18 Hz these<br>modal frequencies were way far o\ufb00 from the operating frequency of our system<br>validating our design. After modal analysis, the services of Parametric analysis<br>were utilized to further evaluate the natural frequency and modal shapes of our<br>system at a range of 484, 400, 500, 550, 600, and 800 RPM\u2019s the obtained data<br>were tabulated in the respective section and pointed towards the safety of our<br>design. Harmonic analysis of our system under cyclic loading of 1000 kN was<br>performed in the frequency range of 250-500 Hz the amplitude response in both<br>mm and Mpa has been plotted. And it can be seen that excitation in the system<br>was only observed near 446 Hz which is way far o\ufb00 our operating frequency, thus<br>making our design safe for operation in these operating conditions.</p>\n<p id='64' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The experimental evaluation was conducted at the suitable installation site where<br>arrangements for water supply and \ufb02ow rate controls were established. Evalua-<br>tion of our design was performed by connecting it with an overhead water tank<br>the experiment was designed to record output RPMs of the turbine and generator<br>pulley by variations of the \ufb02ow rate of water coming from the water to tank in<br>combination with change of angles of guide vanes by use of guide vane regulator.<br>The data gathered during our experiments was recorded and tabulated and is pre-<br>sented in our work with the combination of pulleys designed for the system was<br>able to achieve the rpm\u2019s required for the system at operating rpm and \ufb02ow rate<br>of the turbine. Rpm value of 480 was achieved at \ufb02ow rates of 0.793 contrary to<br>the designed value of 484 rpm this variation can be attributed to losses that might<br>arise due to mechanical our variation in manufacturing from design. The minute<br>di\ufb00erence that might arise between the calculated values and CFD may be due<br>to the assumption of losses is not usually considered for \ufb02ow analysis further re-<br>\ufb01nement of boundary conditions that incorporated much more detailed conversion<br>of energy by considering mechanical behaviors of components will provide much<br>more accurate depiction of these types of \ufb02ows in turbines.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2955847, "type": "text", "content": "used to decrease the uncertainty in those components. For comparison, Thurow\net al.(2005) give a velocity \nerror for their 1-component camera based system of about 9-33m/s for\nmeasurements in their Mach 2.0 \nsupersonic jet. Fischer et al. (2013) reported a measured uncertainty of about\n1 m/s at 100 kHz laser \nmodulation frequency for their laboratory scale experiments.\n\n\n \n\nIn the following section, instrument performance is validated with a LDV probe\nwith \nmeasurements in in a cold supersonic jet, and an exposition of the instrument\ntime response is provided via \nmeasurements of Reynolds stress spectra stream-wise development.\n\n\n \n\n# 5\\. Results and discussion\n\n\n \n\nIn order to evaluate the pDV instrument \nperformance, measurements at different jet NPR at \nthe same location were performed repeatedly. These \nmeasurements are then compared to a 2-component \nLDV measurement at the same location. Details on \nthe LDV probe used can be found in Brooks et al. \n(2014a,b). The instantaneous uncertainty of the LDV \nmeasurements is 0.33% of the measured velocity, \nwith systematic uncertainty in the fringe spacing of \nthe same order. Uncertainties of the pDV probe are \ngiven in table 4, with approximately the same \nmagnitude for bias errors as the LDV. The horizontal \nerror bars in figure 13 are determined from the \nuncertainties in the NPR value due to uncertainties in \nthe reference pressure and total pressure readings and \nexplain small discrepancies between LDV and pDV \nmeasurement over the instrumentation uncertainties \nin figure 13 shows excellent agreement within \nMeasurements were repeatable and consistent over the\n\n\n \nFig. 13 mean velocity measurement at a static \nposition in the jet\n\n\n \n\nthemselves. The comparison of the mean velocity data\n\n\n \n\npositioning, pressure and velocity uncertainties.\n\n\nAfter validation of the pDV probe, measurements along the streamwise axis at a\nnormalized radial \ncoordinate of r/d=0.2 and NPR=3.2 (T0=300K; isentropic Mach number, Mj=1.4)\nare performed. At this \ncondition the jet is highly over-expanded and exhibits the screech phenomenon.\nThe measurement volume \nmoves through several normal and oblique shocks as well as expansion waves\nbefore it enters a region \nwhere the potential core breaks down and large and small scale turbulent\nmixing occurs. Mean data rates of \nup to 100 kHz were reached in the potential core where particle seeding was\noptimal. Local data rates were \nup to 250 kHz over periods of time, but could not be sustained due to the\nPoisson statistics of particle \narrival resulting in periods of data dropout.\n\n\n \n\ncourse of the experiment.\n\n\nMean stream-wise, radial and azimuthal velocities along the stream-wise\ncoordinate are displayed \nin figure 14. It is to note that the streamwise and radial velocities clearly\nreflect the shock-cell structure in \nthe potential core as well as the break down further downstream.\n\n\n \n\nFig. 14 Mean streamwise (a) and radial and azimuthal (b) velocities along the\nstreamwise coordinate \n(NPR=3.2,Mj=1.4, TTR=1, r/d=0.2)\n\n\n \n\nFrom this measurement it appears that there are four strong shock cells in the\nmean at this \ncondition. This is consistent with Schlieren photographs from this region. The\nazimuthal velocity does not\n\n\n11\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3194649, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The speckle noise in a CSLDV measurement has both periodic and non-periodic components. The periodic<br>component of the noise represents the speckle patterns seen by the laser at it presumably scans the exact same<br>path each cycle. The magnitude of the periodic noise increases severely with surface velocity, in agreement with<br>what was observed by Ewins and Martarelli, but can be decreased by increasing target-to-detector distance. The<br>non-periodic noise seems to be caused by other factors, perhaps by stray from a truly periodic speckle pattern<br>due to small inconsistencies in the laser\u2019s scan path. This noise was found to increase only modestly with surface<br>velocity and more significantly with increased scan lengths, and decreased as the target-to-detector separation<br>was increased. However, when the CSLDV measurements are decomposed using the lifting method, the noise<br>appears to be constant with scan frequency, advocating the use of the highest scan frequency possible.<br>However, increasing the sampling rate increased the noise level in the lifted signals, so one should use care to<br>not sample faster than necessary to capture the meaningful vibration signal.</p>\n<p id='37' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>T he reasons for many of the trends observed here are not at all clear, and sometimes even seem counter-<br>intuitive. The decrease in noise with increased separation of the test device and the LDV may be due to reduced<br>Doppler signal amplitude or possibly to a change in the character of the speckle motions (e.g. from boiling<br>motions to translating speckles). Increasing the scan length could serve to increase the number of speckle<br>patterns observed in a given time interval, so it does seem reasonable that this would increase the speckle noise.<br>However, the periodic component of the speckle noise was found to be largely insensitive to the scan length. The<br>laser spot size and focal point was confirmed to have a significant effect on the size and nature of the speckle<br>pattern observed at the detector, yet this did not affect the speckle noise noticeably in any of the tests performed<br>here. It is also quite surprising that the demodulator employed in the LDV seems to keep the speckle noise<br>contained to the scan harmonics, so that the noise at other frequencies remains essentially constant with<br>increasing surface velocity even though the harmonic noise is increasing sharply. Fortunately, even though all of<br>these factors are not understood completely, one can make use of the trends illustrated in this work to design<br>successful CSLDV tests in many circumstances.</p>\n<h1 id='38' style='font-size:14px'>References</h1>\n<br><p id='39' data-category='list' style='font-size:14px'>[1] A. B. Stanbridge, M. Martarelli, and D. J. Ewins, \"Measuring area vibration mode shapes with a<br>continuous-scan LDV,\" Measurement, vol. 35, pp. 181-9, 2004.<br>[2] P. Sriram, J. I. Craig, and S. Hanagud, \"Scanning laser Doppler vibrometer for modal testing,\"<br>International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, vol. 5, pp. 155-167, 1990.<br>[3] P. Sriram, S. Hanagud, and J. I. Craig, \"Mode shape measurement using a scanning laser Doppler<br>vibrometer,\" Proceedings of the 9th International Modal Analysis Conference, Florence, Italy, 1991, pp.<br>176-181.<br>[4] P. Sriram, S. Hanagud, and J. I. Craig, \"Mode shape measurement using a scanning laser Doppler<br>vibrometer,\" International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, vol. 7, pp. 169-178,<br>1992.<br>[5] R. Ribichini, D. Di Maio, A. B. Stanbridge, and D. J. Ewins, \"Impact Testing With a Continuously-Scanning<br>LDV,\" in 26th International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXVI) Orlando, Florida, 2008.<br>[6] A. B. Stanbridge, M. Martarelli, and D. J. Ewins, \"Scanning laser Doppler vibrometer applied to impact<br>modal testing,\" in 17th International Modal Analysis Conference - IMAC XVII. vol. 1 Kissimmee, FL, USA:<br>SEM, Bethel, CT, USA, 1999, pp. 986-991.<br>[7] M. a. S. Allen, Michael, \"Mass normalized mode shapes using impact excitation and continuous-scan<br>laser Doppler vibrometry,\" in Italian Association of Laser Velocimetry and non-Invasive Diagnostics<br>(AIVELA) Ancona, Italy, 2008.<br>[8] M. S. Allen and M. W. Sracic, \"A Method for Generating Pseudo Single-Point FRFs from Continuous<br>Scan Laser Vibrometer Measurements,\" in 26th International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXVI),<br>Orlando, Florida, 2008.<br>[9] M. S. Allen, \"Floquet Experimental Modal Analysis for System Identification of Linear Time-Periodic<br>Systems,\" in ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conference, Las Vegas, NV, 2007.<br>[10] M. S. Allen and J. H. Ginsberg, \"A Global, Single-Input-Multi-Output (SIMO) Implementation of The<br>Algorithm of Mode Isolation and Applications to Analytical and Experimental Data,\" Mechanical Systems<br>and Signal Processing, vol. 20, pp. 1090\u20131111, 2006.<br>[11] L. A. Luxemburg, \"Frequency Analysis of Time-Varying Periodic Linear Systems by Using Modulo p<br>Transforms and Its Applications to the Computer-Aided Analysis of Switched Networks,\" Circuits,<br>Systems, and Signal Processesing, vol. 9, pp. 3-29, 1990.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2709629, "type": "text", "content": "1634\n\n\n \nUltrasound in Medicine and Biology\n\n\n \nVolume 33, Number 10, 2007\n\n\nwith a maximal \ufb02ow rate of 300 mL/min. First, the \nminimal \ufb02ow rate was 0 mL/min (purely forward \ufb02ow) \nand the wall \ufb01lter was set at 50 Hz. Then, the minimal \n\ufb02ow was \ufb01xed at \u2013100 mL/min (forward and backward \n\ufb02ows) with a wall \ufb01lter of 100 Hz.\n\n\n# Analytical \ufb02ow simulations\n\n\n \n\nTo analyze how the wall \ufb01lter could generate signal \nlosses, analytical simulations of pulsatile sinusoidal \ufb02ow \nthrough a straight cylindrical vessel were also performed. \nThe \ufb02ow was considered laminar and axisymmetric, the \n\ufb02uid incompressible and Newtonian, with properties \nsimilar to those used during the in-vitro experiments \n(viscosity of 3.3 cP and density of 1080 kg/m3). The \ufb02ow \nrates used for the analytical simulations were those re- \ncorded from the electromagnetic \ufb02owmeter during the \naforementioned in-vitro experiments. In the in-vitro ex- \nperiments, the peak Reynolds number did not exceed \n600, whereas the Womersley number was 5.7. According \nto Peacock et al. (1998), the \ufb02ow was therefore laminar. \nAs a result of the \ufb02ow and \ufb02uid properties, the Navier- \nStokes equations were thus reduced to the Womersley \nequation, which yields the radial and time-dependent \nlongitudinal component of the velocity as a function of \nthe \ufb02ow rate (Womersley 1955a, 1955b):\n\n\n$$V_{z}(r,\\ t)=\\mathrm{Re}\\Bigg\\\\{\\sum_{n=-N}^{N}\\frac{Q_{n}}{\\pi\nR^{2}}\\frac{J_{0}\\big(i^{32}\\alpha_{n}\\big)-J_{0}\\Big(\\frac{r}{R}\\dot{\\imath}^{32}\\alpha_{n}\\Big)}{J_{0}\\big(i^{32}\\alpha_{n}\\big)-\\frac{2}{\\dot{\\imath}^{32}\\alpha_{n}}J_{1}\\big(i^{32}\\alpha_{n}\\big)}\\Bigg\\\\}$$\n\n\n \n\n$$\\mathrm{with~}\\alpha_{n}=R\\sqrt{\\frac{n\\omega\\rho}{\\mu}},\\,\\,\\,\\,(1)$$\n\n\n \n\nwhere Qn is the nth harmonic of the \ufb02ow rate waveform \nQ, N is the number of harmonics, R is the cylinder inner \nradius (3.98 mm), i is the imaginary unit, r is the radial \ncoordinate, t is time, (cid:5) is 2(cid:3)/T where T is the period of \nthe \ufb02ow, J0 and J1 are the Bessel functions of order zero \nand one, and (cid:6) and (cid:7) are the density and the dynamic \nviscosity of the \ufb02uid. Re in eqn (1) represents the real \npart of the function. The number of harmonics N was \nchosen in such a way that the normalized total error \nbetween the actual and reconstructed \ufb02ow rates was \nsmaller than 10\u20133. As described later, theoretical binary \nPDI images were then constructed from these analytical \nvelocity pro\ufb01les and compared with the PDI images \nobtained in the \ufb01rst series of experiments.\n\n\n# Finite element modeling simulations\n\n\n \n\nFinite element modeling (FEM) simulations of the \n\ufb02ow in the vicinity of a cosine-shaped stenosis with an \n80% area reduction were also performed with Fluent v. \n6.1 (Fluent Inc., Lebanon, NH, USA) to mimic a phys-\n\n\n \n\niological pathologic condition. The diameter of the feed- \ning vessel was 7.96 mm and the stenosis had a length of \n20 mm. The geometry (but not the FEM meshing) was \naxi-symmetric and the \ufb02ow was considered turbulent. \nThe mesh of the \ufb02ow region was composed of 102,102 \nnodes and 98,830 hexahedral cells, and it was re\ufb01ned \nnear the wall. The segregated solver was used and the \nvalue of residual was set at 10\u20133 as the criterion of \nconvergence. The time step value was T/100 (T (cid:1) period \nof one cycle) and six cycles were simulated to eliminate \ntransient \ufb02ow effects. The k (cid:2) (cid:8) method was used as the \nturbulent model (Rodi 1993). The \ufb02uid dynamic viscos- \nity and density were set at 3.3 cP and 1080 kg/m3, \nrespectively. A null velocity was imposed at the wall \n(no-slip condition) and a time-dependent velocity pro\ufb01le \nwas imposed as boundary condition at the inlet. Inlet \nvelocities Vz(r, t, z (cid:1) 0) were calculated from a typical \nphysiological \ufb02ow rate (mean \ufb02ow (cid:1) 500 mL/min, 70 \nbeats/min, see Fig. 6) using eqn (1). These conditions \nre\ufb02ect a normal \ufb02ow within a human femoral artery.\n\n\nTheoretical binary PDI\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 39290, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='0' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(410,504); bottom-right:(943,1012)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='1' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 6.5: V-velocity near the slot exit of synthetic jet.</caption>\n<footer id='2' style='font-size:14px'>57</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 39291, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='3' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A quarter phase sequence of velocity vectors and vorticity contours for the synthetic<br>jet into quiescent \ufb02uid is shown in Figure 6.6. The phases correspond to the undeformed,<br>minimum volume, undeformed, and maximum volume diaphragm con\ufb01gurations. The \ufb01gure<br>shows the generation of a jet issuing into the still \ufb02uid and associated vorticity during the<br>undeformed to minimum volume phase of the oscillating diaphragm. As the diaphragm<br>expands to its maximum volume, the jet reverses and \ufb02uid is entrained into the diaphragm.<br>An additional simulation was performed with the synthetic jet issuing into a boundary layer<br>in cross \ufb02ow from left to right. Results in Figure 6.7 show the impact of the synthetic jet<br>on the boundary layer and on convection of the vorticity by the cross \ufb02ow.</p>\n<footer id='4' style='font-size:14px'>58</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 39289, "type": "html", "content": "<figure><img id='35' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(578,176); bottom-right:(768,674)\" /></figure>\n<p id='36' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 6.3: Schematic of oscillating diaphragm movement of the synthetic jet in Case 1.</p>\n<figure data-category='chart'><img id='37' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(319,794); bottom-right:(1038,1314)\" /></figure>\n<caption id='38' style='font-size:14px'>Figure 6.4: Mesh generated for Case 1 in full view (left) and the close-up of synthetic jet<br>(right).</caption>\n<footer id='39' style='font-size:14px'>56</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 39288, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='32' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>and 3. The \ufb02ow \ufb01eld solution for both Case 2 and Case 3 will be included in future work.</p>\n<br><p id='33' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In Case 1 (synthetic jet into quiescent air), an isolated synthetic jet (1.27mm wide)<br>exhausting into ambient quiescent air is formed by a single diaphragm driven by a piezo-<br>electric actuator. The diaphragm which is approximately 50mm (1.98 inches) in diameter<br>is deformed in a trapezoidal-shaped drum-like fashion. A 2D structured grid is built for the<br>test as shown in Figure 6.3 and 6.4 respectively. During the deformation, the maximum<br>oscillating amplitude of the diaphragm is 4% of its diameter, or about 2mm. A converged<br>steady state solution without grid motion is \ufb01rst obtained, after which the diaphragm starts<br>to oscillate. Here, as many researchers have investigated in the workshop, computational<br>results with experimental data near the slot exit are compared. The one equation Menter<br>SAS model was used in the simulations. As shown in the Figure 6.5, the solution of v-<br>velocity at y = 0.1mm above the synthetic jet exit is in reasonable agreement with the PIV<br>and Hotwire data, which justi\ufb01es that the boundary movement employed at the diaphragm<br>in our simulations is applicable to resemble the experimental set-up and that the deformed<br>meshes are of good quality.</p>\n<footer id='34' style='font-size:14px'>55</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2709630, "type": "text", "content": " \n\nBased on the velocity \ufb01elds obtained from the an- \nalytical or FEM simulations, the Doppler-shifted fre- \nquencies were calculated at each point of the mesh by \nusing the following equation:\n\n\n \n\n$$\\begin{array}{c}{{F(r,\\ \\varphi,\\ z,\\\nt)=\\displaystyle\\frac{2F_{0}}{c}[\\left(V_{r}\\sin\\varphi+V_{\\varphi}\\cos\\varphi){\\sin\\theta}_{D}\\qquad\\qquad}}\\\\\\\n{{}}&{{}}\\\\\\ {{}}&{{}}\\\\\\ {{+V_{z}\\cos\\theta_{D}\\right],\\ (2)}}\\end{array}$$\n\n\n \n\nwhere F is the Doppler frequency shift, F0 is the US \ntransmitted frequency (4 MHz); c is the sound velocity in \nhuman tissues (1540 m/s); t is time; Vr, V(cid:9) and Vz are the \nrespective cylindrical components of the velocity; and (cid:11) \nD \nis the Doppler angle (70\u00b0). The component in square \nbrackets represents the projected velocity on the in- \nsonation US axis. Variables r, (cid:9) and z are the cylindrical \n(radial, angular and longitudinal) coordinates. Only fre- \nquencies whose value was greater than the chosen wall \n\ufb01lter cutoff frequency contributed to the white pixels of \nthe theoretical binary PDI images. Because Vr and V(cid:9) are \nzero for a laminar \ufb02ow in an axi-symmetric straight \nvessel, note that for the analytical simulations, eqn (2) is \nsimply reduced to:\n\n\n \n\n$$F(r,\\ \\varphi,\\ z,\\ t)={\\frac{2F_{0}}{c}}V_{z}\\cos\\theta_{D}.$$\n\n\n \n(3)\n\n\nData analyses\n\n\n \n\nFlow-gated PDI averaged acquisitions, obtained \nwith the straight vessel, were compared with the analyt- \nical binary PDI images. The images obtained in vitro \nwere converted to binary by thresholding. The threshold\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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If you were to analyze the impact of the diaphragm's movement frequency (cycles per second) on the velocity patterns observed at the jet exit, given that it completes 2.5 cycles per second, discuss how variations in frequency might influence the experimental agreement with PIV data described in the study.
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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{"id": 934, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["textual reasoning", "multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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[{"docid": 1124800, "type": "html", "content": "<figure data-category='chart'><img id='17' style='font-size:20px' alt=\"B\n2010 2015 2020 2030\" data-coord=\"top-left:(258,83); bottom-right:(1125,177)\" /></figure>\n<p id='18' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Ahead of the 2015 summit, a global sustainability alliance campaigns for a positive,<br>ambitious and equitable outcome. The movement capitalises on the international<br>participation in visioning projects to demonstrate the widespread grassroots support for a<br>low carbon future. The co-option of leading thinkers, business leaders and decision-<br>makers reinforces the case for a successful outcome, putting further pressure on<br>negotiators to deliver.</p>\n<br><p id='19' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The successful performance by early adopters, concern about the high costs of a carbon<br>intensive pathway and the implications of failure in terms of trade relations, all contribute<br>to a successful summit outcome. Developed countries establish a series of ambitious<br>emissions reduction targets for 2030, 2040 and 2050.</p>\n<br><p id='20' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>A revitalised UNFCCC takes on a monitoring and evaluation role in relation to carbon<br>trading schemes and emissions reporting, with developing nations committing to deeper<br>transparency in addition to further efficiency targets. Technology transfer agreements<br>offer significant opportunities to the least developed countries.</p>\n<br><p id='21' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Despite efficiency gains, rising global demand leads to higher prices of commodities and<br>fuels, amid expectations that this trend will be sustained.</p>\n<br><p id='22' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>In the UK, the signing of an international agreement reinforces business certainty, most<br>immediately noticeable through a surge of interest by large investors, including pension<br>funds, unlocking much needed funding for a series of large-scale infrastructural<br>investments through the green bank.</p>\n<br><p id='23' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Despite teething problems, the retrofit of vulnerable households begins to deliver steady<br>results, expanding coverage steadily through this period. The financing scheme for retrofit<br>of private households proves extremely popular, but progress is limited by budgetary<br>constraints, with the scheme being oversubscribe each year.</p>\n<br><p id='24' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Decarbonisation of electricity generation continues at a reasonable pace, but a serious<br>step change is required to meet expected future demand as a result of electrification of<br>transport and heat.</p>\n<br><p id='25' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Additional funding for the green bank is announced, with support for smart grid, high<br>speed rail and electric vehicle charging technologies. The institution also launches a<br>series of products aimed at attracting capital from individuals and community groups.<br>These products prove popular, attracting funds away from high street banks, and<br>prompting those institutions to offer similar product ranges of their own. An active<br>customer base increasingly influences project funding, leading to a diversification of low<br>carbon investments.</p>\n<br><p id='26' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Small and medium enterprises are some of the beneficiaries of that diversification, as a<br>revival of local agriculture and manufacturing is promoted against a backdrop of<br>anticipated higher costs for overseas goods.</p>\n<br><p id='27' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The deployment of smart meters and energy display devices continues, with the aim of<br>covering every household by 2020. The devices contribute to a small reduction in<br>demand although advocates suggest that advanced features such as tarriffs allowing<br>remote control of appliances are essential to deliver further savings and to assist in load<br>balancing.</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 3365311, "type": "text", "content": "Existing Building Policy Literature Review | Menlo Park and Peninsula Clean Energy\n\n\nadoption. The Bay Area Air Quality Management District is considering such a\nprogram, though the \ntimeline is uncertain.38\n\n\n# 2.1.4 Elimination of Fossil Fuel Infrastructure\n\n\n \n\nSupport Utility | Resolution, Advocacy, and Support\n\n\n \n\nLocal governments may adopt a no reconnection methane gas policy to eliminate\ngas utility obligation to \nserve gas, and over time, develop strategies for gas infrastructure pruning,\nwhile prioritizing low-income \nneighborhoods. The main barrier and area needing clarity remains how this\ninterferes with the utility\u2019s \nobligation to serve gas and coordination with utilities. Identifying suitable\nlocations that meet technical, \nfinancial, equity, and community considerations to implement gradual reduction\nand elimination of gas \ninfrastructure requires high and sustained commitment and resources from\nmunicipalities.\n\n\n \n\nInitial market penetration may be targeted in sites and neighborhoods where\nhigh-cost propane is used \nfor heating to capture improved economics while the local market develops.39\n\n\n \n\n\u2666 City of Berkeley is in the process of drafting a plan containing phased\nactions. Pilot programs are \nprojected to begin prior to 2025, and the strategy may begin wider\nimplementation in 2030, \npending appropriate funding and financing strategies.40\n\n\n \n\n# 2.1.5 Achieving Equitable Outcomes\n\n\n \n\nLocal Government Authority | Resolution, Advocacy, and Support\n\n\n \n\nElectrification policy must make financial sense for all populations,\nincluding lower-to-moderate income \n(LMI) residents. Ensuring that benefits of electrification, such as health,\nsafety, and affordability, are \ntargeted toward marginalized communities reverses compounding historical\ninjustices, many of which \nhave been created and perpetuated by government action.\n\n\n \n\n\u2666 The Zero Cities Project, led by the Urban Sustainability Director\u2019s Network,\nsupported the \ndevelopment of workplans for several cities that center equity and community\ndecision-making \nin the development of local building decarbonization policy.41 Takeaways from\nprojects \nimplemented at Portland, San Francisco, Washington, DC, Boston, and several\nothers include:\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Without equitable policy development, local building regulations run the\nrisk of doing more \nharm than good. For example, landlords may evict tenants when making building\nupgrades, \na harmful practice known as \u201crenovictions.\u201d\n\n\n \n\n\u2022 Partnering directly with Community Based Organizations (CBOs) can expand\ncity efforts and \ndeepen engagements in the creation of building decarbonization policies. CBOs\nand \ncommunity members may initially be skeptical of governmental interventions,\nbut early and \nregular engagement can lead to honest discussions around climate policy,\nestablish a strong \ncommitment, demonstrate accountability, repair trust, and lead to better\noverall policy.\n\n\n38 See slides 23-34: https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/board-of- \ndirectors/2021/sscic_presentations_04192021_v2-pdf.pdf?la=en \n39 https://www.colorado.edu/rasei/sites/default/files/attached- \nfiles/accelerating_the_us_clean_energy_transformation_final.2.pdf \n40\nhttps://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_- \n_Energy_and_Sustainable_Development/Draft_Berkeley_Existing_Bldg_Electrification_Strategy_20210415.pdf \n41\nhttps://www.usdn.org/uploads/cms/documents/rm_zero_cities_project_report_portland.pdf\n\n\n12 | TRC\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2704537, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='61' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>administrative burdens led to many installers pulling out of the scheme<br>altogether, increasing waiting times and undermining households\u2019 faith<br>in the scheme (Laville 2021).</p>\n<br><p id='62' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Disruption to households. Delivering low-carbon heating systems and<br>energy efficiency upgrades to the majority of the UK\u2019s existing housing<br>stock will be very disruptive. It will disrupt individual households and<br>also local infrastructure; roads may need to be dug up to install heat<br>networks or more electric cabling.<br>\u2022 Building governance and mixed tenure. Whether someone is a<br>homeowner or lives in private rented or social rented housing affects<br>the decision-making, communication and engagement, and cost<br>and benefit considerations when changing heating systems. It can<br>be particularly complicated in buildings with mixed tenure types<br>(such as social and private). This can slow down deployment, even<br>when applying for a low-carbon heating grant would be desirable to<br>homeowners or tenants (Bright et al 2019).<br>\u2022 Household suitability. For a sizeable minority of homes,<br>approximately 1.3 million, technologies like heat pumps will be<br>difficult or impossible to install due to concerns around building<br>safety, space constraints or the heritage restrictions on some<br>homes (CCC 2019b). This is particularly true for rural and off<br>grid communities where building designs are less homogenous,<br>making these properties more difficult to retrofit (FREE 2013).<br>\u2022 Local capacity. Local stakeholders \u2013 councils, combined authorities,<br>city regions and housing associations \u2013 are best placed to deliver<br>low-carbon heating systems and energy efficiency upgrades. However,<br>real terms budget cuts (NAO 2018) have severely limited their ability<br>to identify priority households, develop capacity to produce clear<br>procurement guidelines and tenders, and oversee programmes.<br>\u2022 Availability of skilled installers. The CCC estimate the UK will need to<br>be installing one million heat pumps per year by 2030. As we discuss<br>in chapter 4, the country is struggling to prepare for the future skills<br>demands of a fair transition. In the heating sector a recent survey of<br>the installer industry showed that 43 per cent of installers had no<br>experience at all in fitting heat pumps and only 42 per cent said they<br>would be confident installing one (HPA 2019).<br>\u2022 Consumer confidence and protection. Given previous findings by the<br>Bonfield Review that up to 10 per cent of energy efficiency measures<br>under the UK\u2019s main energy efficiency scheme, the Energy Company<br>Obligation, were poorly installed (Bonfield 2016), quality-assured<br>accreditation of installers will be crucial to ensuring effective delivery<br>and people\u2019s trust (Webb et al 2020).</p>\n<footer id='63' style='font-size:14px'>IPPR | Final report of the IPPR Environmental Justice Commission</footer>\n<br><footer id='64' style='font-size:14px'>87</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 1518381, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='72' style='font-size:16px'>19</header>\n<p id='73' data-category='list' style='font-size:16px'>\u2022 Four times more dwellings are expected to have air conditioning in 2050<br>than in 2020. This would be the equivalent to adding air conditioning in an<br>additional 2.8 million dwellings.27.<br>\u2022 As the expected increase in cooling demand will be met by electric cooling<br>systems, decarbonising the grid will also decarbonise cooling. Projections<br>by BEIS estimate that most of the UK\u2019s electricity supply will be low-<br>carbon (renewables or nuclear) by 2035.28.</p>\n<h1 id='74' style='font-size:20px'>Sub-theme system integration: Benefits, challenges and<br>enablers</h1>\n<p id='75' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:16px'>T he integration of heat pumps, heat networks, heat storage, hybrid boilers,<br>and cooling systems can offer many benefits to the energy system. These<br>include providing efficient and low carbon electric heating and cooling, shifting<br>heat and electricity loads, and facilitating the use of a wider range of heat<br>sources (such as waste heat).</p>\n<h1 id='76' style='font-size:18px'>H eat pumps can be a very efficient means of electrifying heat:</h1>\n<br><p id='77' data-category='list' style='font-size:18px'>\u2022 Given their high efficiency in upgrading ambient heat using electricity, and<br>the expectation that the power sector will largely decarbonise between<br>now and 2030, heat pumps are an important element of any attempt to<br>decarbonise heating.29.<br>\u2022 Heat pumps should be installed to the highest standards (e.g. the<br>Microgeneration Certification Scheme guidelines) for optimum<br>performance. Poor design and commissioning can undo the cost and<br>carbon savings of switching to heat pumps and generate consumer<br>mistrust.30.<br>\u2022 Reversible air-to-air heat pumps (often categorised as part of the air<br>conditioning market) are also able to provide cooling, hence integrated<br>systems can meet temperature demands across seasons.31.</p>\n<br><p id='78' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>H eat networks can maximise system efficiency and provide flexibility by<br>distributing a variety of different heat sources to centres of demand based<br>on local circumstances:</p>\n<p id='79' data-category='footnote' style='font-size:14px'>2 7 Energy Systems Catapult (2018). Input assumption into the ESME whole-systems modelling tool following<br>BEIS\u2019 EINA methodology.<br>28 BEIS (2018). Updated energy and emissions projections 2017. Available at:<br>https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/671187/U<br>pdated_energy_and_emissions_projections_2017.pdf<br>29 Delta Energy & Environment (2018). Heat Pumps in Smart Grids. Available at:<br>https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/680512/h<br>eat-pumps-smart-grids-roadmap.pdf<br>30 Energy Saving Trust (2013). The heat is on heat pump field trials phase 2. Available at:<br>https://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/sites/default/files/reports/TheHeatisOnweb%281%29.pdf<br>31 Delta Energy & Environment (2017). The Contribution of Reversible Air-to-Air Heat Pumps to the UK\u2019s<br>Obligation under the Renewable Energy Directive. Available at:<br>https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/680534/re<br>newable-energy-reversible-air-to-air-heat-pumps.pdf</p>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 182734, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='54' style='font-size:16px'>Section 4: Action plan</header>\n<br><h1 id='55' style='font-size:20px'>Section 4: Strategic projects to decarbonise heat</h1>\n<h1 id='56' style='font-size:18px'>Project: Heat pump rollout in Council and wider public sector buildings</h1>\n<br><table id='57' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Business case</td><td>Description</td></tr><tr><td>Needs and objectives</td><td>The project will demonstrate leadership in heat decarbonisation across the public estate, aiming to catalyse action in the domestic and commercial sectors, and support the strengthening of skills and supply chain.</td></tr><tr><td>Business proposals and costs</td><td>Rollout of heat pumps in Council and wider public sector buildings across North Tyneside, including social housing and schools. Adopt a One Public Estate policy to ensure that gas boilers are replaced by non-fossil fuel alternative when they reach end of life, alongside implementing an accelerated strategy to install heat pumps and energy efficiency upgrades across the public sector estate within the next five years. Utilise a variety of technology types depending on suitability, including ASHPs, WSHPs and hybrids. The project should focus on capturing lessons learnt and case studies to catalyse action across the wider domestic and commercial sectors. Indicative costs: Cost of a ASHP for an average household is \u00a39,005 (using 2020 prices). Funding: Projects can access support through the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI), the Domestic RHI is confirmed until March 2022, whilst the non-domestic RHI will close in April 2021. The UK Government is consulting on options for the future support of low carbon heat for homes and businesses, in the form of a Clean Heat Grant. More recently, a series of support programmes were announced as part of Covid-19 recovery, including a \u00a31bn Public Sector Energy Efficiency Fund and the Green Homes Grant Local Authority Delivery Scheme.</td></tr><tr><td>Benefits realisation</td><td>Carbon reduction estimates of approximately 1.1 tCO2 per annum per ASHP unit (in 2020). The rollout of heat pumps will also deliver air quality improvements, and could help to boost the local market and supply chain for clean heating alternatives.</td></tr><tr><td>Key stakeholders and delivery partners</td><td>North Tyneside Council and wider public sector estate partners including Tyne and Wear Homes and Schools.</td></tr></table>\n<br><figure><img id='58' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1107,218); bottom-right:(1486,514)\" /></figure>\n<footer id='59' style='font-size:16px'>48</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 182735, "type": "html", "content": "<header id='60' style='font-size:16px'>Section 4: Action plan</header>\n<h1 id='61' style='font-size:20px'>Section 4: Strategic projects to decarbonise heat</h1>\n<br><h1 id='62' style='font-size:18px'>Project: Large scale electric heating rollout</h1>\n<br><table id='63' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td>Business case</td><td>Description</td></tr><tr><td>Needs and objectives</td><td>The decarbonisation of heat is a central pillar of the North Tyneside vision, and the electrification of heat is identified as a key part of the solution to achieving this outcome.</td></tr><tr><td>Business proposals and costs</td><td>Large scale roll out of electrification of heating using heat pumps or electric radiators, targeting 33% of viable homes by 2030, 66% by 2040 and 100% by 2050. This activity will require highly coordinated planning and delivery and likely come associated with the need for grid upgrades to ensure sufficient capacity for the electrification of heat and transport. Whilst the Government is yet to release a clear strategy for heat decarbonisation (including with respect to the potential role for alternative fuels such as hydrogen), progress can still be made in the short term, particularly with respect to large scale trials and demonstrators of heat pumps (e.g. in social housing, clusters of commercial buildings, new build) to ensure preparedness for accelerated implementation in the medium term, and to bolster skills and supply chain. Indicative costs: See previous project for further details on indicative costs. Funding: In addition to the funding sources listed in the previous project, projects could access innovation funding for trials and demonstrators through sources such as InnovateUK and Ofgem\u2019s Network Innovation Allowance.</td></tr><tr><td>Benefits realisation</td><td>Carbon reduction estimates of approximately 1.1 tCO2 per annum per ASHP unit and 1.5 tCO2 per annum per GSHP unit (in 2020). The rollout of heat pumps will also deliver air quality improvements, and could help to boost the local market and supply chain for clean heating alternatives.</td></tr><tr><td>Key stakeholders and delivery partners</td><td>North Tyneside Council, Northern Powergrid, Northern Gas Networks, Social Housing Providers, Developers, Community Groups, Businesses, Suppliers/Installers, Ofgem (NIA funding)</td></tr><tr><td>Supporting information</td><td>The FREEDOM project is a \u00a35.2m \u2018living heat laboratory\u2019, a collaboration between PassivSystems, Western Power Distribution and Wales and West Utilities. Hybrid heat pump systems are being trialled alongside 4949 smart controls in 75 homes in Bridgend.</td></tr></table>\n<br><figure><img id='64' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1,60); bottom-right:(443,963)\" /></figure>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 182733, "type": "html", "content": "<h1 id='46' style='font-size:20px'>Section 4: Decarbonise heat - overview</h1>\n<p id='47' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>The decarbonisation of heat remains one of the major energy system challenges that we need to address, with<br>heating in buildings and industry contributing approximately 40% of North Tyneside emissions. Deployment of<br>low carbon heat technology in North Tyneside is very low, EPC data suggests that less than 5% of homes have<br>renewable heat installations in North Tyneside.</p>\n<p id='48' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>To facilitate the transition to low carbon heat, we will need highly coordinated planning of infrastructure at the<br>national, regional and local levels, alongside an effective policy and regulatory framework. At a national level, the<br>UK Government is yet to commit to a clear strategy for heat decarbonisation. Key strategic decisions such as the<br>role of electrification versus the use of alternative fuels such as hydrogen, and the potential for geographically<br>distinct approaches, are yet to be made.</p>\n<p id='49' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>But this shouldn\u2019t be at the expense of taking action now, in the short term we need to focus on implementing<br>low-regrets options and at-scale demonstrator projects. This will include a focus on improving the efficiency of<br>our building stock, strengthening policy to ensure new buildings are highly efficient and use low carbon heat,<br>rolling out low carbon heat networks in dense areas, greening gas through biomethane injection and hydrogen<br>blending and implementing large scale trials and demonstrators for heat pumps, hybrid heat pumps and<br>hydrogen (particularly with electrolysis). We also need to tackle the skills gap and provide the training needed for<br>the low carbon heat transition.</p>\n<br><h1 id='50' style='font-size:14px'>Section 4: Action plan</h1>\n<figure><img id='51' alt=\"\" data-coord=\"top-left:(1092,153); bottom-right:(1477,415)\" /></figure>\n<p id='52' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:18px'>Beyond decarbonisation, clean<br>heat also has many associated<br>benefits including improvements<br>to health and wellbeing,<br>educational attainment and air<br>quality.</p>\n<footer id='53' style='font-size:16px'>4747</footer>", "is_ground": true, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2977220, "type": "html", "content": "<p id='2' data-category='paragraph' style='font-size:14px'>Increase the energy efficiency performance of existing buildings and businesses:</p>\n<br><table id='3' style='font-size:14px'><tr><td></td><td>Action/Opportunity</td><td>Description</td><td>Timeframe</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Extend and enhance the Green Business Grants [part of the Low Carbon Challenge Fund] to increase the energy efficiency of business units and operations</td><td>Green Business Grants help businesses to lower their emissions through investing in new equipment or improving the efficiency of their buildings. I t is funded by ERDF until 2022, so a business case will need to be developed to extend and expand this programme.</td><td>M</td></tr></table>\n<footer id='4' style='font-size:14px'>42</footer>", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2704429, "type": "text", "content": "communities could also be encouraged to explore the options available \nthrough \u2018Big Heat Debates\u2019, events bringing together and giving voice to \nresidents\u2019 ideas and concerns.\n\n\n \n\nRegulations and incentives to phase out fossil fuelled homes\n\n\n \n\nThe UK and devolved governments must clearly signal, by setting legal targets, \nthat it intends to bring all homes up to high energy efficiency standards and \nphase out fossil fuelled home heating systems. This will spark the long-term \ncommercial investment in the skills and innovations required to deliver energy \nefficiency retrofits and the installation of low-carbon heating systems such\nas \nheat pumps at scale (Green Alliance 2021b). Such an approach would mirror the \nphase out of the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030.\n\n\n \n\nThe UK should revise the legal requirements for minimum energy efficiency \nstandards (MEES) in socially rented and privately rented homes. This should be \ngradually brought up to at least B by 2030, with an exception of \u2018C\u2019 rating\nfor hard- \nto-treat stock. These MEES standards should also be applied to owner-occupied \nproperties, at the point of sale or when other renovations are carried\nout.56,57\n\n\n \n\nThe UK and devolved governments must make similar commitments in relation \nto fossil fuelled home heating systems. The UK government should set a legal \nrequirement to eliminate oil heating systems no later than 2028 and gas\nheating \nsystems by 2033.58,59\n\n\n \n\nAll new homes planned across the UK must be warm and efficient, resilient \nto our changing climate and ready for future low-carbon heating systems. All \nnew homes should be of ultra-high energy efficiency by 2023 at the latest and \nno new homes should connect to the gas grid by the same date.60 All these \nhomes must instead have low-carbon heating systems such as heat pumps \nand low-carbon heat networks. High standards for energy efficiency should \nbe mirrored by requirements that reduce overheating in new-build homes, \nincluding through the use of passive cooling measures. These proposals \nshould be extended to all new dwellings \u2013 including those developed through \npermitted development rights61 relating to change of use and other loopholes.\n\n\n \n\nInvestment and incentives to support mass adoption\n\n\n \n\n\u201cFunding must be targeted to ensure that people aren\u2019t left behind \nbecause change is prohibitively expensive for them.\u201d\n\n\n \n\nSouth Wales Valleys citizens\u2019 jury\n\n\n \n\nTo support a rapid transition the UK government and devolved nations should \nintroduce a package of incentives over and above those currently available.\n\n\n \n\nThe UK government and devolved administrations should adopt a blended \napproach for financing housing retrofit, combining public investment with \nleveraging of private finance.62 From public funds, in England \u00a30.5 billion\n\n\n56 For some people this will require support to enable equity release or other\nways of accessing capital \nbefore sale. \n57 Similar standards should be put in place by the devolved nations. \n58 Unless for low-carbon hydrogen \u2013 we recognise that devolved administrations\nsuch as Northern Ireland \nwill need to consider heating options that are best suited to their own\nheating types. \n59 Similar standards should be put in place by the devolved nations. \n60 With the exception of gas grids that will be converted to hydrogen in a\nsmall number of areas where \nhydrogen infrastructure will be readily accessible such as Tees Valley and\nCounty Durham. \n61 Certain types of work may be performed without needing to apply for\nplanning permission. \n62 The UK could look to models like Energiesprong \u2013 a Dutch social housing\nretrofit programme creating \nnet zero homes \u2013 for examples of private financing. As recommended by the\nGreen Finance Institute, \ndemonstrator projects can also help to develop the market for financing net\nzero and resilient homes \n(GFI 2020).\n\n\nIPPR | Final report of the IPPR Environmental Justice Commission\n\n\n \n89\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}, {"docid": 2704428, "type": "text", "content": "FIGURE 5.3: A HOME IMPROVEMENT PLAN FOR THE UK\n\n\nLive in a high-quality \nhome with high fuel bills. \nKeen on installing energy \nefficiency measures but \nseems awkward, \nexpensive, and little \ninformation about \nwhat needs \nto be done.\n\n\n \n\nLocal authority \nbegins to zone the \nlocal area. Homes in \nthe area are rated \nmost suitable for \nheat pumps. GreenGO \ncentre opens in the \nlocal high street \nwith information \non options.\n\n\n \n\nApply to new \nGreenGO scheme \nfor a mixture of \na grant and loan, \nthey are able to \nafford to install a \nheat pump and new \nenergy efficiency \nmeasures.\n\n\n \n\nHome now more \nenergy-efficient, \nwarmer, and \nhealthier. They\u2019re \nnow saving for \nsolar panels using \nthe GreenGO ISA.\n\n\nSource: Authors\u2019 analysis\n\n\nA street by street and area by area plan for home heating and retrofit\n\n\n \n\n\u201cIncrease the level of funding for housing retrofit and make its \ndistribution fairer\u2026 Give powers to allocate funding to local areas to \nensure that those most in need are able to access the funding.\u201d \nSouth Wales Valleys citizens\u2019 jury\n\n\n \n\nAs we discuss in chapter 3, local authorities often have a much better \nunderstanding of local challenges than national government. This is \nespecially true for housing, where councils generally have detailed \nknowledge of different building designs, including for their own housing \nstock, and the challenges of local residents.\n\n\n \n\nTo ensure heat decarbonisation is tailored to the needs of individual \ncommunities and homes, we recommend that retrofit is led by local \ngovernment but with coordination and support provided by the UK and \ndevolved governments. These plans will need to prioritise all homes in \nthe social rented sector and fuel-poor homes across tenures.\n\n\n \n\nIdentifying where to use heat pumps and heat networks, where to use hydrogen \nboilers, and where to use alternative technologies requires understanding both \nlocal housing stock and local energy sources. Resources should be allocated to \ncarry out \u2018heat zoning\u2019 to determine the most appropriate heat technologies\nfor \ndifferent areas.55 Under this approach, local authorities will play a key role\nin \nidentifying where improvements need to be made and be responsible for auditing \nstock and monitoring retrofit activity, supported by the Net Zero and Fair\nTransition \nDelivery Body (outlined in chapter 4) through advice and guidelines on how to \ndecide on technologies to be used and installed.\n\n\n \n\nRetrofit needs are different across the country and it can be hard for people \nto understand how to go about making such significant changes to their \nhome. Any approach must first provide people with the information they \nneed to make the best choices for them. Clear guidance should be offered \nto households and consumers on how low-carbon heat solutions work. \nAs is already the case in Scotland and Wales, clear and consistent advice \nshould be given to households in England. The GreenGo scheme (outlined \nabove) would be one source of accessible, comprehensive information. Local\n\n\n55 Heating zoning involves considering the most appropriate heat\ndecarbonisation and energy efficiency \nsolutions for a geographical area based on the local opportunities and\nlimitations. Zoning an area \nassociates it with a set of policies specifically designed to support\nparticular solutions, through a mix \nof planning policies, building regulations, funding etc (ADE 2020).\n\n\n88\n\n\n \nIPPR | Fairness and opportunity A people-powered plan for the green transition\n\n", "is_ground": false, "citation_idx": null}]
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Consider a scenario where both funding constraints and temporal constraints must be managed. If a city must leverage multiple funding sources including the RHI until March 2022 and prepare for a transition to a Clean Heat Grant, while simultaneously reaching 33% electrification by 2030, how should the city navigate these constraints to align with their decarbonisation timeline, ensuring continuous progress?
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I can not answer because the question is "unanswerable" with the documents.
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[]
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{"id": 936, "language": "en", "difficulty_type": "ComplexQA", "reasoning_type": ["multi-constraint reasoning", "temporal reasoning"]}
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