Datasets:
vgainullin
/
xciting_data

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
paragraph_index
int64
sec
string
p_has_citation
int64
cites
string
citeids
list
pmid
int64
cited_id
string
sentences
string
all_sent_cites
list
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int64
sentence_batch_index
int64
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float64
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bool
cited_sentence
string
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list
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string
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cit_qc
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lgtm
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__index_level_0__
int64
0
DISCUSSION
1
8–10
[ "B8 B9 B10", "B20", "B21", "B22", "B23", "B24" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-17245451|pmid-15880101|pmid-15893973|pmid-15155579|pmid-15829525
Recent reports have emphasized the significance of chromosomal position within the nucleus during various biological processes (21,22).
[ "8–10", "20", "21", "22", "23", "24" ]
135
41,219
0
false
Recent reports have emphasized the significance of chromosomal position within the nucleus during various biological processes.
[ "21,22" ]
Recent reports have emphasized the significance of chromosomal position within the nucleus during various biological processes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,106
0
DISCUSSION
1
8–10
[ "B8 B9 B10", "B20", "B21", "B22", "B23", "B24" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-17245451|pmid-15880101|pmid-15893973|pmid-15155579|pmid-15829525
Chambeyron and colleagues (23,24) demonstrated the importance of chromosomal positioning of Hox genes during development, correlating chromosomal position with transcription activity.
[ "8–10", "20", "21", "22", "23", "24" ]
183
41,220
0
false
Chambeyron and colleagues demonstrated the importance of chromosomal positioning of Hox genes during development, correlating chromosomal position with transcription activity.
[ "23,24" ]
Chambeyron and colleagues demonstrated the importance of chromosomal positioning of Hox genes during development, correlating chromosomal position with transcription activity.
true
true
true
true
true
7,106
0
DISCUSSION
1
8–10
[ "B8 B9 B10", "B20", "B21", "B22", "B23", "B24" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-17245451|pmid-15880101|pmid-15893973|pmid-15155579|pmid-15829525
In this scheme, DNA–DNA interactions (direct or indirect via protein–protein interactions) can crucially determine the relative position of DNA loci.
[ "8–10", "20", "21", "22", "23", "24" ]
149
41,221
0
false
In this scheme, DNA–DNA interactions (direct or indirect via protein–protein interactions) can crucially determine the relative position of DNA loci.
[]
In this scheme, DNA–DNA interactions can crucially determine the relative position of DNA loci.
true
true
true
true
true
7,106
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
The mechanisms underlying chromosomal movement remain completely unknown.
[ "8", "14" ]
73
41,222
0
false
The mechanisms underlying chromosomal movement remain completely unknown.
[]
The mechanisms underlying chromosomal movement remain completely unknown.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
However, it is clear that the interaction between the repressive region (8) and promoters of resident Hox genes are decisive factors in this regulatory process.
[ "8", "14" ]
160
41,223
1
false
However, it is clear that the interaction between the repressive region and promoters of resident Hox genes are decisive factors in this regulatory process.
[ "8" ]
However, it is clear that the interaction between the repressive region and promoters of resident Hox genes are decisive factors in this regulatory process.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
Here, we focused on the Hoxb9 promoter and found a novel characteristic of Hox promoter DNA—the Hox promoter forms secondary structures.
[ "8", "14" ]
136
41,224
0
false
Here, we focused on the Hoxb9 promoter and found a novel characteristic of Hox promoter DNA—the Hox promoter forms secondary structures.
[]
Here, we focused on the Hoxb9 promoter and found a novel characteristic of Hox promoter DNA—the Hox promoter forms secondary structures.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
Although, the relationship between this phenomenon, chromosomal movement and the formation of secondary DNA structures remains to be determined, our results suggest that the secondary structure formation of promoter DNA is important for Hox gene regulation.
[ "8", "14" ]
257
41,225
0
false
Although, the relationship between this phenomenon, chromosomal movement and the formation of secondary DNA structures remains to be determined, our results suggest that the secondary structure formation of promoter DNA is important for Hox gene regulation.
[]
Although, the relationship between this phenomenon, chromosomal movement and the formation of secondary DNA structures remains to be determined, our results suggest that the secondary structure formation of promoter DNA is important for Hox gene regulation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
Indeed, we observed that several DNA fragments from Hox complexes displayed a similar heterogeneity in mobility when assessed in native gels, but DNA fragments from non-Hox regions or other organisms, such as bacteria, did not display this mobility shift (data not shown).
[ "8", "14" ]
272
41,226
0
false
Indeed, we observed that several DNA fragments from Hox complexes displayed a similar heterogeneity in mobility when assessed in native gels, but DNA fragments from non-Hox regions or other organisms, such as bacteria, did not display this mobility shift (data not shown).
[]
Indeed, we observed that several DNA fragments from Hox complexes displayed a similar heterogeneity in mobility when assessed in native gels, but DNA fragments from non-Hox regions or other organisms, such as bacteria, did not display this mobility shift (data not shown).
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
The nature of the higher structures formed by various Hox promoter fragments remains elusive.
[ "8", "14" ]
93
41,227
0
false
The nature of the higher structures formed by various Hox promoter fragments remains elusive.
[]
The nature of the higher structures formed by various Hox promoter fragments remains elusive.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
However, it is doubtful that these structures represent DNA triplets, since the secondary structure of the short DNA fragments we analysed was stable and detectable by native gel electrophoresis.
[ "8", "14" ]
195
41,228
0
false
However, it is doubtful that these structures represent DNA triplets, since the secondary structure of the short DNA fragments we analysed was stable and detectable by native gel electrophoresis.
[]
However, it is doubtful that these structures represent DNA triplets, since the secondary structure of the short DNA fragments we analysed was stable and detectable by native gel electrophoresis.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
Even the linear form of this fragment lacked the torsion derived from circular forms of DNA, which is required for triplet formation (14).
[ "8", "14" ]
138
41,229
1
false
Even the linear form of this fragment lacked the torsion derived from circular forms of DNA, which is required for triplet formation.
[ "14" ]
Even the linear form of this fragment lacked the torsion derived from circular forms of DNA, which is required for triplet formation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
1
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B8", "B14" ]
18,276,649
NA|pmid-7913880|pmid-103000|pmid-2566382|pmid-2569969|pmid-2566383|pmid-1676674|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-10319820|pmid-1870980
We believe that the formation of secondary structures may be a novel type of genetic coding, although secondary structure formation to some degree is dependent on DNA sequence.
[ "8", "14" ]
176
41,230
0
false
We believe that the formation of secondary structures may be a novel type of genetic coding, although secondary structure formation to some degree is dependent on DNA sequence.
[]
We believe that the formation of secondary structures may be a novel type of genetic coding, although secondary structure formation to some degree is dependent on DNA sequence.
true
true
true
true
true
7,107
2
DISCUSSION
1
25
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
Isolation of a clone (Fbxl10) encoding a protein that specifically bound to a secondary-structured Hox promoter fragment and determination of its influence on Hox promoter activity shed light onto the significant role of secondary structures of promoter DNA in transcription regulation.
[ "25", "26" ]
286
41,231
0
false
Isolation of a clone (Fbxl10) encoding a protein that specifically bound to a secondary-structured Hox promoter fragment and determination of its influence on Hox promoter activity shed light onto the significant role of secondary structures of promoter DNA in transcription regulation.
[]
Isolation of a clone (Fbxl10) encoding a protein that specifically bound to a secondary-structured Hox promoter fragment and determination of its influence on Hox promoter activity shed light onto the significant role of secondary structures of promoter DNA in transcription regulation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
2
DISCUSSION
1
25
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
Furthermore, promoter analysis using other Hox promoters indicated that Fbxl10 regulates multiple Hox genes not just Hoxb9 gene.
[ "25", "26" ]
128
41,232
0
false
Furthermore, promoter analysis using other Hox promoters indicated that Fbxl10 regulates multiple Hox genes not just Hoxb9 gene.
[]
Furthermore, promoter analysis using other Hox promoters indicated that Fbxl10 regulates multiple Hox genes not just Hoxb9 gene.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
2
DISCUSSION
1
25
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
The molecular structure of this protein suggests that it is a chromatin factor, having shared homology with the cxxc and PHD Zn-finger domains of PcG and trxG genes.
[ "25", "26" ]
165
41,233
0
false
The molecular structure of this protein suggests that it is a chromatin factor, having shared homology with the cxxc and PHD Zn-finger domains of PcG and trxG genes.
[]
The molecular structure of this protein suggests that it is a chromatin factor, having shared homology with the cxxc and PHD Zn-finger domains of PcG and trxG genes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
2
DISCUSSION
1
25
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
The Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 genes also contain sequences encoding an F-box domain, a protein motif found in a component of E3 ubiquitin ligase, strongly suggesting that Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins participate in protein ubiquitylation processes.
[ "25", "26" ]
238
41,234
0
false
The Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 genes also contain sequences encoding an F-box domain, a protein motif found in a component of E3 ubiquitin ligase, strongly suggesting that Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins participate in protein ubiquitylation processes.
[]
The Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 genes also contain sequences encoding an F-box domain, a protein motif found in a component of E3 ubiquitin ligase, strongly suggesting that Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins participate in protein ubiquitylation processes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
2
DISCUSSION
1
25
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
Recently, histone ubiquitylation has been shown to be important in histone modifications involved in transcription regulation (25).
[ "25", "26" ]
131
41,235
1
false
Recently, histone ubiquitylation has been shown to be important in histone modifications involved in transcription regulation.
[ "25" ]
Recently, histone ubiquitylation has been shown to be important in histone modifications involved in transcription regulation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
2
DISCUSSION
1
26
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
Indeed, Gearhart and colleagues (26) suggested that FBXL10/JHDM1b is a component of the BCOR (BCL6 corepressor) complex and is responsible for histone H2A monoubiquitylation.
[ "25", "26" ]
174
41,236
1
false
Indeed, Gearhart and colleagues suggested that FBXL10/JHDM1b is a component of the BCOR (BCL6 corepressor) complex and is responsible for histone H2A monoubiquitylation.
[ "26" ]
Indeed, Gearhart and colleagues suggested that FBXL10/JHDM1b is a component of the BCOR complex and is responsible for histone H2A monoubiquitylation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
2
DISCUSSION
1
25
[ "B25", "B26" ]
18,276,649
pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-9659925|pmid-10319820|pmid-17868118|pmid-15386022|pmid-16943429
In addition to these motifs, Fbxl10 contains a leucine-rich repeat, indicating that it may also interact with other proteins.
[ "25", "26" ]
125
41,237
0
false
In addition to these motifs, Fbxl10 contains a leucine-rich repeat, indicating that it may also interact with other proteins.
[]
In addition to these motifs, Fbxl10 contains a leucine-rich repeat, indicating that it may also interact with other proteins.
true
true
true
true
true
7,108
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
The presence of a jmjC domain in Fbxl10 further supports the idea that it is involved in chromatin modification.
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
112
41,238
0
false
The presence of a jmjC domain in Fbxl10 further supports the idea that it is involved in chromatin modification.
[]
The presence of a jmjC domain in Fbxl10 further supports the idea that it is involved in chromatin modification.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
Recently, Tsukada and colleagues (16) reported that JHDM1a (Fbxl11 in the present work) functions as a histone demethylase and that the jmjC domain is responsible for histone demethylation activity.
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
198
41,239
1
false
Recently, Tsukada and colleagues reported that JHDM1a (Fbxl11 in the present work) functions as a histone demethylase and that the jmjC domain is responsible for histone demethylation activity.
[ "16" ]
Recently, Tsukada and colleagues reported that JHDM1a functions as a histone demethylase and that the jmjC domain is responsible for histone demethylation activity.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
It is probable, therefore, that Fbxl10 (also known as JHDM1b) also has histone demethylase activity, since Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 (JHDM1a) share high homology throughout their molecular structures, including in their jmjC histone demethylase domains (16).
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
250
41,240
1
false
It is probable, therefore, that Fbxl10 (also known as JHDM1b) also has histone demethylase activity, since Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 (JHDM1a) share high homology throughout their molecular structures, including in their jmjC histone demethylase domains.
[ "16" ]
It is probable, therefore, that Fbxl10 also has histone demethylase activity, since Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 share high homology throughout their molecular structures, including in their jmjC histone demethylase domains.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
It is also probable that Fbxl10 is involved in transcription activation processes (16).
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
87
41,241
1
false
It is also probable that Fbxl10 is involved in transcription activation processes.
[ "16" ]
It is also probable that Fbxl10 is involved in transcription activation processes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
The coexistence of demethylation activity and ubiquitylation activity in one molecule, Fbxl10, is somewhat controversial.
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
121
41,242
0
false
The coexistence of demethylation activity and ubiquitylation activity in one molecule, Fbxl10, is somewhat controversial.
[]
The coexistence of demethylation activity and ubiquitylation activity in one molecule, Fbxl10, is somewhat controversial.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
Indeed, our analysis of the Hoxd1 and Hoxb9 promoters suggests that Fbxl10 can function differentially to activate or repress promoter activity depending on the promoter or context.
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
181
41,243
0
false
Indeed, our analysis of the Hoxd1 and Hoxb9 promoters suggests that Fbxl10 can function differentially to activate or repress promoter activity depending on the promoter or context.
[]
Indeed, our analysis of the Hoxd1 and Hoxb9 promoters suggests that Fbxl10 can function differentially to activate or repress promoter activity depending on the promoter or context.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
3
DISCUSSION
1
16
[ "B16", "B16", "B16" ]
18,276,649
pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057|pmid-16362057
Multiple domains of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins may be involved in facilitating the protein–DNA or protein–protein interactions required for complex transcription regulation.
[ "16", "16", "16" ]
173
41,244
0
false
Multiple domains of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins may be involved in facilitating the protein–DNA or protein–protein interactions required for complex transcription regulation.
[]
Multiple domains of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins may be involved in facilitating the protein–DNA or protein–protein interactions required for complex transcription regulation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,109
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
High homology in the molecular structures of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 suggests that the products of these genes may have functional similarities.
null
138
41,245
0
false
null
null
High homology in the molecular structures of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 suggests that the products of these genes may have functional similarities.
true
true
true
true
true
7,110
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
However, Fbxl11 did not significantly influence Hoxb9 regulation in our transient promoter assays or in our assessment of the transcription profile of the native Hoxb9 gene in P19 EC cells.
null
189
41,246
0
false
null
null
However, Fbxl11 did not significantly influence Hoxb9 regulation in our transient promoter assays or in our assessment of the transcription profile of the native Hoxb9 gene in P19 EC cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,110
4
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
These results suggest that, despite their high homology, Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 differ in their abilities to regulate downstream genes.
null
130
41,247
0
false
null
null
These results suggest that, despite their high homology, Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 differ in their abilities to regulate downstream genes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,110
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
The structural composition of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins (e.g.
null
62
41,248
0
false
null
null
The structural composition of Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins (e.g.
true
true
true
true
true
7,111
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
numerous domains for interacting with other proteins) and the complexity of their activity on transcription suggest that Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins may function as a structural ‘hub’ for a multi-protein–DNA complex, and that they may also serve as a functional ‘hub’, coordinating different functional protein complexes ...
null
354
41,249
0
false
null
null
numerous domains for interacting with other proteins) and the complexity of their activity on transcription suggest that Fbxl10 and Fbxl11 proteins may function as a structural ‘hub’ for a multi-protein–DNA complex, and that they may also serve as a functional ‘hub’, coordinating different functional protein complexes ...
false
true
true
true
false
7,111
6
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "B27", "B28", "B29" ]
18,276,649
pmid-17704768|pmid-17851529|pmid-17713478
With regard to Hoxb9 transcription, in the present study Fbxl10 likely functioned as a histone ubiquitylase rather than a demethylase, because ChIP analysis showed that ubiquitylated histone H2A differentially bound the Hoxb9 promoter, a situation that reflects Hoxb9 expression during P19 EC cell differentiation.
[ "27", "28", "29" ]
314
41,250
0
false
With regard to Hoxb9 transcription, in the present study Fbxl10 likely functioned as a histone ubiquitylase rather than a demethylase, because ChIP analysis showed that ubiquitylated histone H2A differentially bound the Hoxb9 promoter, a situation that reflects Hoxb9 expression during P19 EC cell differentiation.
[]
With regard to Hoxb9 transcription, in the present study Fbxl10 likely functioned as a histone ubiquitylase rather than a demethylase, because ChIP analysis showed that ubiquitylated histone H2A differentially bound the Hoxb9 promoter, a situation that reflects Hoxb9 expression during P19 EC cell differentiation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,112
6
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "B27", "B28", "B29" ]
18,276,649
pmid-17704768|pmid-17851529|pmid-17713478
However, we also observed that trichostatin A and butyrate abolished Fbxl10-mediated repression of Hoxb9 promoter, suggesting that HDAC (histone deacetylase) is also involved in Hox regulation, as shown in the recently reported case of c-jun (27).
[ "27", "28", "29" ]
247
41,251
1
false
However, we also observed that trichostatin A and butyrate abolished Fbxl10-mediated repression of Hoxb9 promoter, suggesting that HDAC (histone deacetylase) is also involved in Hox regulation, as shown in the recently reported case of c-jun.
[ "27" ]
However, we also observed that trichostatin A and butyrate abolished Fbxl10-mediated repression of Hoxb9 promoter, suggesting that HDAC (histone deacetylase) is also involved in Hox regulation, as shown in the recently reported case of c-jun.
true
true
true
true
true
7,112
6
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "B27", "B28", "B29" ]
18,276,649
pmid-17704768|pmid-17851529|pmid-17713478
Recently, other jmjC proteins (Utx and JMJD3) were identified as demethylase Hox regulators of K27 trimethylated histone H3 (28,29).
[ "27", "28", "29" ]
132
41,252
0
false
Recently, other jmjC proteins (Utx and JMJD3) were identified as demethylase Hox regulators of K27 trimethylated histone H3.
[ "28,29" ]
Recently, other jmjC proteins (Utx and JMJD3) were identified as demethylase Hox regulators of K27 trimethylated histone H3.
true
true
true
true
true
7,112
6
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "B27", "B28", "B29" ]
18,276,649
pmid-17704768|pmid-17851529|pmid-17713478
According to these schemes, at least three different histone modification activities may intersect through Fbxl10.
[ "27", "28", "29" ]
114
41,253
0
false
According to these schemes, at least three different histone modification activities may intersect through Fbxl10.
[]
According to these schemes, at least three different histone modification activities may intersect through Fbxl10.
true
true
true
true
true
7,112
6
DISCUSSION
1
27
[ "B27", "B28", "B29" ]
18,276,649
pmid-17704768|pmid-17851529|pmid-17713478
To fully understand the regulatory role of Fbxl10, we need to continue to analyse the regulatory mechanisms of Fbxl10 on Hox genes.
[ "27", "28", "29" ]
131
41,254
0
false
To fully understand the regulatory role of Fbxl10, we need to continue to analyse the regulatory mechanisms of Fbxl10 on Hox genes.
[]
To fully understand the regulatory role of Fbxl10, we need to continue to analyse the regulatory mechanisms of Fbxl10 on Hox genes.
true
true
true
true
true
7,112
7
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
Based on the present results, we propose an alternative type of information coding in chromosomal DNA, one that is based on secondary structure rather than on sequence.
null
168
41,255
0
false
null
null
Based on the present results, we propose an alternative type of information coding in chromosomal DNA, one that is based on secondary structure rather than on sequence.
true
true
true
true
true
7,113
7
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
Although the structure of DNA depends to some degree on nucleotide sequence, we do not yet have sufficient information to correlate sequence with structure.
null
156
41,256
0
false
null
null
Although the structure of DNA depends to some degree on nucleotide sequence, we do not yet have sufficient information to correlate sequence with structure.
true
true
true
true
true
7,113
7
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,276,649
null
However, the presence of proteins that specifically bind secondary DNA structures and the potential role of these proteins in gene transcription provide further support for the importance of secondary structure formation in DNA.
null
228
41,257
0
false
null
null
However, the presence of proteins that specifically bind secondary DNA structures and the potential role of these proteins in gene transcription provide further support for the importance of secondary structure formation in DNA.
true
true
true
true
true
7,113
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,710,933
null
A key finding of our study is that MZ and FO B cell compartments maintain a preference for distinctly different BCR repertoires.
null
128
41,258
0
false
null
null
A key finding of our study is that MZ and FO B cell compartments maintain a preference for distinctly different BCR repertoires.
true
true
true
true
true
7,114
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,710,933
null
Although our comparison of FO and MZ VH7183 and DH gene usage suggests that, broadly speaking, the MZ IgH repertoire is quite diverse and employs similar VH and DH genes, our sequence analysis revealed that a subset of MZ cells do, in fact, possess a restricted, fetal-type repertoire characterized by the absence of N-r...
null
350
41,259
0
false
null
null
Although our comparison of FO and MZ VH7183 and DH gene usage suggests that, broadly speaking, the MZ IgH repertoire is quite diverse and employs similar VH and DH genes, our sequence analysis revealed that a subset of MZ cells do, in fact, possess a restricted, fetal-type repertoire characterized by the absence of N-r...
true
true
true
true
true
7,114
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,710,933
null
Our mixed BM chimera approach using adult BM from TdT+/+ and TdT−/− mice demonstrated that the enrichment of these cells is caused by a selective preference in the MZ for B cells with BCRs lacking N nucleotides in their H-CDR3 junctions.
null
237
41,260
0
false
null
null
Our mixed BM chimera approach using adult BM from TdT+/+ and TdT−/− mice demonstrated that the enrichment of these cells is caused by a selective preference in the MZ for B cells with BCRs lacking N nucleotides in their H-CDR3 junctions.
true
true
true
true
true
7,114
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,710,933
null
In addition, our chimera data show significant differences in the proportions of TdT+/+ and TdT−/− cells among B cell subsets in the spleen and BM.
null
147
41,261
0
false
null
null
In addition, our chimera data show significant differences in the proportions of TdT+/+ and TdT−/− cells among B cell subsets in the spleen and BM.
true
true
true
true
true
7,114
0
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,710,933
null
These data challenge the simple linear pathway of B cell differentiation and suggest multiple pathways of differentiation caused by repertoire-based selection.
null
159
41,262
0
false
null
null
These data challenge the simple linear pathway of B cell differentiation and suggest multiple pathways of differentiation caused by repertoire-based selection.
true
true
true
true
true
7,114
1
DISCUSSION
1
26
[ "bib26", "bib31", "bib26", "bib27" ]
18,710,933
pmid-17105816|pmid-17119110|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488
Two recent studies suggest that immature/transitional phenotype cells present in the BM represent a distinct pathway from that in the spleen and that these immature cells have the potential to mature in situ into mature BM B cells (26, 31).
[ "26", "31", "26", "27" ]
240
41,263
0
false
Two recent studies suggest that immature/transitional phenotype cells present in the BM represent a distinct pathway from that in the spleen and that these immature cells have the potential to mature in situ into mature BM B cells.
[ "26, 31" ]
Two recent studies suggest that immature/transitional phenotype cells present in the BM represent a distinct pathway from that in the spleen and that these immature cells have the potential to mature in situ into mature BM B cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,115
1
DISCUSSION
1
26
[ "bib26", "bib31", "bib26", "bib27" ]
18,710,933
pmid-17105816|pmid-17119110|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488
Our chimera data provide strong support for this hypothesis as well as a repertoire-based rationale for this bifurcation of the transitional cells into a splenic or BM developmental pathway.
[ "26", "31", "26", "27" ]
190
41,264
0
false
Our chimera data provide strong support for this hypothesis as well as a repertoire-based rationale for this bifurcation of the transitional cells into a splenic or BM developmental pathway.
[]
Our chimera data provide strong support for this hypothesis as well as a repertoire-based rationale for this bifurcation of the transitional cells into a splenic or BM developmental pathway.
true
true
true
true
true
7,115
1
DISCUSSION
1
26
[ "bib26", "bib31", "bib26", "bib27" ]
18,710,933
pmid-17105816|pmid-17119110|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488
As the BM transitional and mature Fr.
[ "26", "31", "26", "27" ]
37
41,265
0
false
As the BM transitional and mature Fr.
[]
As the BM transitional and mature Fr.
true
true
true
true
true
7,115
1
DISCUSSION
1
26
[ "bib26", "bib31", "bib26", "bib27" ]
18,710,933
pmid-17105816|pmid-17119110|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488
F compartments have a much greater preference for TdT+/+ B cells than any splenic subsets, this suggests to us that the BM transitional pathway may primarily culminate in situ into mature Fr.
[ "26", "31", "26", "27" ]
191
41,266
0
false
F compartments have a much greater preference for TdT+/+ B cells than any splenic subsets, this suggests to us that the BM transitional pathway may primarily culminate in situ into mature Fr.
[]
F compartments have a much greater preference for TdT+/+ B cells than any splenic subsets, this suggests to us that the BM transitional pathway may primarily culminate in situ into mature Fr.
true
true
true
true
true
7,115
1
DISCUSSION
1
26
[ "bib26", "bib31", "bib26", "bib27" ]
18,710,933
pmid-17105816|pmid-17119110|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488
The reported Btk dependence of BM transitional cells and Btk independence of splenic FO II cells also supports a largely distinct nature for these pathways (26, 27).
[ "26", "31", "26", "27" ]
165
41,267
0
false
The reported Btk dependence of BM transitional cells and Btk independence of splenic FO II cells also supports a largely distinct nature for these pathways.
[ "26, 27" ]
The reported Btk dependence of BM transitional cells and Btk independence of splenic FO II cells also supports a largely distinct nature for these pathways.
true
true
true
true
true
7,115
2
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib32" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-16226505
It has been reported that mature B cells in the BM reside in an extravascular perisinusoidal niche (32).
[ "32", "32" ]
104
41,268
1
false
It has been reported that mature B cells in the BM reside in an extravascular perisinusoidal niche.
[ "32" ]
It has been reported that mature B cells in the BM reside in an extravascular perisinusoidal niche.
true
true
true
true
true
7,116
2
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib32" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-16226505
Similar to the MZ, this location should provide these cells with ample opportunity for interaction with blood-borne pathogens.
[ "32", "32" ]
126
41,269
0
false
Similar to the MZ, this location should provide these cells with ample opportunity for interaction with blood-borne pathogens.
[]
Similar to the MZ, this location should provide these cells with ample opportunity for interaction with blood-borne pathogens.
true
true
true
true
true
7,116
2
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib32" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-16226505
Indeed, it has been shown that humoral immune responses directed against blood-borne pathogens can be initiated in situ in the BM (32).
[ "32", "32" ]
135
41,270
1
false
Indeed, it has been shown that humoral immune responses directed against blood-borne pathogens can be initiated in situ in the BM.
[ "32" ]
Indeed, it has been shown that humoral immune responses directed against blood-borne pathogens can be initiated in situ in the BM.
true
true
true
true
true
7,116
2
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib32" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-16226505
Assuming that the BM and the MZ are both important sites for monitoring of blood-borne infections, our data clearly indicate that the BCR repertoires available in these distinct locations to fulfill this role are quite different.
[ "32", "32" ]
229
41,271
0
false
Assuming that the BM and the MZ are both important sites for monitoring of blood-borne infections, our data clearly indicate that the BCR repertoires available in these distinct locations to fulfill this role are quite different.
[]
Assuming that the BM and the MZ are both important sites for monitoring of blood-borne infections, our data clearly indicate that the BCR repertoires available in these distinct locations to fulfill this role are quite different.
true
true
true
true
true
7,116
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
The splenic FO and BM Fr.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
25
41,272
0
false
The splenic FO and BM Fr.
[]
The splenic FO and BM Fr.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
F compartments are both considered to form part of the recirculating pool of B cells in the body.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
97
41,273
0
false
F compartments are both considered to form part of the recirculating pool of B cells in the body.
[]
F compartments are both considered to form part of the recirculating pool of B cells in the body.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
Recent parabiotic studies strongly support the notion that mature BM B cells can recirculate (32).
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
98
41,274
1
false
Recent parabiotic studies strongly support the notion that mature BM B cells can recirculate.
[ "32" ]
Recent parabiotic studies strongly support the notion that mature BM B cells can recirculate.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
Therefore, it is surprising that increased BCR signaling, such as in Aiolos and other mutant mice (7, 33), results in the loss of mature BM B cells but the preservation of splenic FO cells.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
189
41,275
0
false
Therefore, it is surprising that increased BCR signaling, such as in Aiolos and other mutant mice, results in the loss of mature BM B cells but the preservation of splenic FO cells.
[ "7, 33" ]
Therefore, it is surprising that increased BCR signaling, such as in Aiolos and other mutant mice, results in the loss of mature BM B cells but the preservation of splenic FO cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
This suggests that the BCR signaling requirements for entering into and being retained in these compartments are qualitatively different.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
137
41,276
0
false
This suggests that the BCR signaling requirements for entering into and being retained in these compartments are qualitatively different.
[]
This suggests that the BCR signaling requirements for entering into and being retained in these compartments are qualitatively different.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
Furthermore, if recirculation of cells between the BM and spleen was both frequent and thorough, one might expect the reconstitution ratios between these compartments in chimeric mice to more closely resemble each other.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
220
41,277
0
false
Furthermore, if recirculation of cells between the BM and spleen was both frequent and thorough, one might expect the reconstitution ratios between these compartments in chimeric mice to more closely resemble each other.
[]
Furthermore, if recirculation of cells between the BM and spleen was both frequent and thorough, one might expect the reconstitution ratios between these compartments in chimeric mice to more closely resemble each other.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
Hence, the highly significant differences in reconstitution ratios of TdT+/+/TdT−/− B cells between the Fr.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
107
41,278
0
false
Hence, the highly significant differences in reconstitution ratios of TdT+/+/TdT−/− B cells between the Fr.
[]
Hence, the highly significant differences in reconstitution ratios of TdT+/+/TdT−/− B cells between the Fr.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
F and FO compartments are consistent with there being a selective repertoire-based retention of some mature B cells in the BM.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
126
41,279
0
false
F and FO compartments are consistent with there being a selective repertoire-based retention of some mature B cells in the BM.
[]
F and FO compartments are consistent with there being a selective repertoire-based retention of some mature B cells in the BM.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
3
DISCUSSION
1
32
[ "bib32", "bib7", "bib33" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16226505|pmid-15771569|pmid-9806640
In contrast, the similarity between reconstitution preferences of the FO and peritoneal cavity B2 compartments supports there being greater homogeneity in the repertoire preferences and/or the recirculation between these locations.
[ "32", "7", "33" ]
231
41,280
0
false
In contrast, the similarity between reconstitution preferences of the FO and peritoneal cavity B2 compartments supports there being greater homogeneity in the repertoire preferences and/or the recirculation between these locations.
[]
In contrast, the similarity between reconstitution preferences of the FO and peritoneal cavity B2 compartments supports there being greater homogeneity in the repertoire preferences and/or the recirculation between these locations.
true
true
true
true
true
7,117
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
A signal-strength hypothesis has been proposed based on the analysis of mice that are deficient in a variety of signaling molecules (7).
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
136
41,281
1
false
A signal-strength hypothesis has been proposed based on the analysis of mice that are deficient in a variety of signaling molecules.
[ "7" ]
A signal-strength hypothesis has been proposed based on the analysis of mice that are deficient in a variety of signaling molecules.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
12
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
Broadly speaking, this suggests that, within a permissible range, weaker signals promote MZ differentiation, whereas stronger BCR signals favor FO and B1 cell fates, although one study suggests that the FO cell fate is the default cell fate in the absence of BCR signals (12).
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
276
41,282
1
false
Broadly speaking, this suggests that, within a permissible range, weaker signals promote MZ differentiation, whereas stronger BCR signals favor FO and B1 cell fates, although one study suggests that the FO cell fate is the default cell fate in the absence of BCR signals.
[ "12" ]
Broadly speaking, this suggests that, within a permissible range, weaker signals promote MZ differentiation, whereas stronger BCR signals favor FO and B1 cell fates, although one study suggests that the FO cell fate is the default cell fate in the absence of BCR signals.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
Selection based on signal strength would clearly result in the differential assortment of specificities into the mature B cell compartments.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
140
41,283
0
false
Selection based on signal strength would clearly result in the differential assortment of specificities into the mature B cell compartments.
[]
Selection based on signal strength would clearly result in the differential assortment of specificities into the mature B cell compartments.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
When considering our data in the context of a signal-strength model, it is perhaps of some import that the splenic T3 compartment was enriched in TdT+/+ cells.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
159
41,284
0
false
When considering our data in the context of a signal-strength model, it is perhaps of some import that the splenic T3 compartment was enriched in TdT+/+ cells.
[]
When considering our data in the context of a signal-strength model, it is perhaps of some import that the splenic T3 compartment was enriched in TdT+/+ cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
It has been proposed that this compartment represents a reservoir for anergic and autoreactive B cells and not an intermediate developmental stage that gives rise to mature B cells (34, 35).
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
190
41,285
0
false
It has been proposed that this compartment represents a reservoir for anergic and autoreactive B cells and not an intermediate developmental stage that gives rise to mature B cells.
[ "34, 35" ]
It has been proposed that this compartment represents a reservoir for anergic and autoreactive B cells and not an intermediate developmental stage that gives rise to mature B cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
Therefore, our data may reflect an inherently higher degree of self-reactivity in the TdT+/+ repertoire.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
104
41,286
0
false
Therefore, our data may reflect an inherently higher degree of self-reactivity in the TdT+/+ repertoire.
[]
Therefore, our data may reflect an inherently higher degree of self-reactivity in the TdT+/+ repertoire.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
Consistent with this, autoimmune-prone mice exhibit decreased disease severity and mortality when TdT deficiency is introduced, which provides a compelling argument for reduced harmful autoreactivity in the TdT−/− repertoire (36–38).
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
233
41,287
0
false
Consistent with this, autoimmune-prone mice exhibit decreased disease severity and mortality when TdT deficiency is introduced, which provides a compelling argument for reduced harmful autoreactivity in the TdT−/− repertoire.
[ "36–38" ]
Consistent with this, autoimmune-prone mice exhibit decreased disease severity and mortality when TdT deficiency is introduced, which provides a compelling argument for reduced harmful autoreactivity in the TdT−/− repertoire.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
39
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
It has been suggested that the fetal repertoire is enriched in auto- or polyreactive specificities (39); however, it may be that such polyreactivity is beneficial as opposed to pathogenic.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
188
41,288
1
false
It has been suggested that the fetal repertoire is enriched in auto- or polyreactive specificities ; however, it may be that such polyreactivity is beneficial as opposed to pathogenic.
[ "39" ]
It has been suggested that the fetal repertoire is enriched in auto- or polyreactive specificities ; however, it may be that such polyreactivity is beneficial as opposed to pathogenic.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
40
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
It has been suggested that shorter CDR3s will leave more space in the binding site for antigen to enter and to contact the CDRs 1 and 2 (40), thereby perhaps increasing CDR3 promiscuity.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
186
41,289
1
false
It has been suggested that shorter CDR3s will leave more space in the binding site for antigen to enter and to contact the CDRs 1 and 2, thereby perhaps increasing CDR3 promiscuity.
[ "40" ]
It has been suggested that shorter CDR3s will leave more space in the binding site for antigen to enter and to contact the CDRs 1 and 2, thereby perhaps increasing CDR3 promiscuity.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
Furthermore, mouse DH genes predominantly use reading frame 1 (RF1) but N− CDR3s are even more biased in their RF1 usage.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
121
41,290
0
false
Furthermore, mouse DH genes predominantly use reading frame 1 (RF1) but N− CDR3s are even more biased in their RF1 usage.
[]
Furthermore, mouse DH genes predominantly use reading frame 1 (RF1) but N− CDR3s are even more biased in their RF1 usage.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
4
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "bib7", "bib12", "bib34", "bib35", "bib36", "bib38", "bib39", "bib40" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15771569|pmid-16169502|pmid-17174121|pmid-17548583|pmid-15034081|pmid-9862739|pmid-1376351|pmid-8497480
Therefore, it may be that skewed RF usage combined with their shorter CDR3s gives N− cells the selective suitability for being selected into the MZ compartment.
[ "7", "12", "34", "35", "36", "38", "39", "40" ]
160
41,291
0
false
Therefore, it may be that skewed RF usage combined with their shorter CDR3s gives N− cells the selective suitability for being selected into the MZ compartment.
[]
Therefore, it may be that skewed RF usage combined with their shorter CDR3s gives N− cells the selective suitability for being selected into the MZ compartment.
true
true
true
true
true
7,118
5
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "bib41", "bib42", "bib43" ]
18,710,933
pmid-10973270|pmid-9432984|pmid-7486553
From the immature B stage onwards, TdT−/− B cells in our chimeric mice more frequently used Igλ.
[ "41", "42", "43" ]
96
41,292
0
false
From the immature B stage onwards, TdT−/− B cells in our chimeric mice more frequently used Igλ.
[]
From the immature B stage onwards, TdT−/− B cells in our chimeric mice more frequently used Igλ.
true
true
true
true
true
7,119
5
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "bib41", "bib42", "bib43" ]
18,710,933
pmid-10973270|pmid-9432984|pmid-7486553
This might suggest that the TdT−/− repertoire requires more receptor editing than the TdT+/+ repertoire because increased Igλ usage is a hallmark of receptor editing.
[ "41", "42", "43" ]
166
41,293
0
false
This might suggest that the TdT−/− repertoire requires more receptor editing than the TdT+/+ repertoire because increased Igλ usage is a hallmark of receptor editing.
[]
This might suggest that the TdT−/− repertoire requires more receptor editing than the TdT+/+ repertoire because increased Igλ usage is a hallmark of receptor editing.
true
true
true
true
true
7,119
5
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "bib41", "bib42", "bib43" ]
18,710,933
pmid-10973270|pmid-9432984|pmid-7486553
However, the transit time through the pre-B compartment is the same for TdT−/− and TdT+/+ cells in intact mice (unpublished data), arguing that there is not increased receptor editing in TdT−/− cells.
[ "41", "42", "43" ]
200
41,294
0
false
However, the transit time through the pre-B compartment is the same for TdT−/− and TdT+/+ cells in intact mice (unpublished data), arguing that there is not increased receptor editing in TdT−/− cells.
[]
However, the transit time through the pre-B compartment is the same for TdT−/− and TdT+/+ cells in intact mice (unpublished data), arguing that there is not increased receptor editing in TdT−/− cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,119
5
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "bib41", "bib42", "bib43" ]
18,710,933
pmid-10973270|pmid-9432984|pmid-7486553
It has been suggested that there is a direct correlation between CDR3 length and the potential for interaction between individual heavy and light chains (41).
[ "41", "42", "43" ]
158
41,295
1
false
It has been suggested that there is a direct correlation between CDR3 length and the potential for interaction between individual heavy and light chains.
[ "41" ]
It has been suggested that there is a direct correlation between CDR3 length and the potential for interaction between individual heavy and light chains.
true
true
true
true
true
7,119
5
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "bib41", "bib42", "bib43" ]
18,710,933
pmid-10973270|pmid-9432984|pmid-7486553
Therefore, it may be that some N− H-CDR3 have an inherently better “fit” with Igλ chains.
[ "41", "42", "43" ]
89
41,296
0
false
Therefore, it may be that some N− H-CDR3 have an inherently better “fit” with Igλ chains.
[]
Therefore, it may be that some N− H-CDR3 have an inherently better “fit” with Igλ chains.
true
true
true
true
true
7,119
5
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "bib41", "bib42", "bib43" ]
18,710,933
pmid-10973270|pmid-9432984|pmid-7486553
Indeed, there have been several reports where IgH using V genes common in fetal life can only poorly associate with SLC (42, 43).
[ "41", "42", "43" ]
129
41,297
0
false
Indeed, there have been several reports where IgH using V genes common in fetal life can only poorly associate with SLC.
[ "42, 43" ]
Indeed, there have been several reports where IgH using V genes common in fetal life can only poorly associate with SLC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,119
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Because the proportions of N− H-CDR3 were similar for both productive and nonproductive sequences in intact mice as well as in adult mice reconstituted with adult BM, this suggests that these N− H-CDR3 are likely to arise from TdT-deficient precursors present within the adult BM.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
280
41,298
0
false
Because the proportions of N− H-CDR3 were similar for both productive and nonproductive sequences in intact mice as well as in adult mice reconstituted with adult BM, this suggests that these N− H-CDR3 are likely to arise from TdT-deficient precursors present within the adult BM.
[]
Because the proportions of N− H-CDR3 were similar for both productive and nonproductive sequences in intact mice as well as in adult mice reconstituted with adult BM, this suggests that these N− H-CDR3 are likely to arise from TdT-deficient precursors present within the adult BM.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Although a portion of N− MZ CDR3 in intact mice may genuinely derive from the fetal period, the source of the N− B cells produced in the adult mouse is uncertain.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
162
41,299
0
false
Although a portion of N− MZ CDR3 in intact mice may genuinely derive from the fetal period, the source of the N− B cells produced in the adult mouse is uncertain.
[]
Although a portion of N− MZ CDR3 in intact mice may genuinely derive from the fetal period, the source of the N− B cells produced in the adult mouse is uncertain.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
These N− B cells from the BM may simply arise by chance and then be selected into the MZ by virtue of their N− BCR.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
115
41,300
0
false
These N− B cells from the BM may simply arise by chance and then be selected into the MZ by virtue of their N− BCR.
[]
These N− B cells from the BM may simply arise by chance and then be selected into the MZ by virtue of their N− BCR.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Alternatively, the possibility exists that adult BM may contain an as yet unidentified discrete TdT-deficient B cell precursor population, the progeny of which are preferentially selected into the MZ.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
200
41,301
0
false
Alternatively, the possibility exists that adult BM may contain an as yet unidentified discrete TdT-deficient B cell precursor population, the progeny of which are preferentially selected into the MZ.
[]
Alternatively, the possibility exists that adult BM may contain an as yet unidentified discrete TdT-deficient B cell precursor population, the progeny of which are preferentially selected into the MZ.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Because we did not deplete our donor BM cells of CD19+ cells, a possible source of N− precursor cells could be the recently reported CD19+B220− B1 precursor population (9).
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
172
41,302
1
false
Because we did not deplete our donor BM cells of CD19+ cells, a possible source of N− precursor cells could be the recently reported CD19+B220− B1 precursor population.
[ "9" ]
Because we did not deplete our donor BM cells of CD19+ cells, a possible source of N− precursor cells could be the recently reported CD19+B220− B1 precursor population.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
However, this precursor population did not appear to give rise to MZ cells in transfer studies (9), and it is unknown whether this small population in the adult BM expresses TdT.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
178
41,303
1
false
However, this precursor population did not appear to give rise to MZ cells in transfer studies, and it is unknown whether this small population in the adult BM expresses TdT.
[ "9" ]
However, this precursor population did not appear to give rise to MZ cells in transfer studies, and it is unknown whether this small population in the adult BM expresses TdT.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Interestingly, the extent of enrichment of both N− specificities and Igλ usage that we observed in the MZ is very similar to that reported for B1 cells (44, 45).
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
161
41,304
0
false
Interestingly, the extent of enrichment of both N− specificities and Igλ usage that we observed in the MZ is very similar to that reported for B1 cells.
[ "44, 45" ]
Interestingly, the extent of enrichment of both N− specificities and Igλ usage that we observed in the MZ is very similar to that reported for B1 cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
In addition, the MZ and B1 compartments are both enriched for antibacterial and anticarbohydrate specificities and are thought to act as a first line of defense against invading pathogens (6).
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
192
41,305
1
false
In addition, the MZ and B1 compartments are both enriched for antibacterial and anticarbohydrate specificities and are thought to act as a first line of defense against invading pathogens.
[ "6" ]
In addition, the MZ and B1 compartments are both enriched for antibacterial and anticarbohydrate specificities and are thought to act as a first line of defense against invading pathogens.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Therefore, it is intriguing to speculate that this “fetal-type” subset of MZ cells contributes to the reported functional similarities between B1 and MZ cells.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
159
41,306
0
false
Therefore, it is intriguing to speculate that this “fetal-type” subset of MZ cells contributes to the reported functional similarities between B1 and MZ cells.
[]
Therefore, it is intriguing to speculate that this “fetal-type” subset of MZ cells contributes to the reported functional similarities between B1 and MZ cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
6
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "bib9", "bib9", "bib44", "bib45", "bib6" ]
18,710,933
pmid-16429139|pmid-16429139|pmid-3084283|pmid-9013957|pmid-12033738
Furthermore, we propose that a fraction of B1 and MZ N− cells may be replenished from N− precursors in the adult BM.
[ "9", "9", "44", "45", "6" ]
116
41,307
0
false
Furthermore, we propose that a fraction of B1 and MZ N− cells may be replenished from N− precursors in the adult BM.
[]
Furthermore, we propose that a fraction of B1 and MZ N− cells may be replenished from N− precursors in the adult BM.
true
true
true
true
true
7,120
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
A splenic precursor population for MZ cells was first tentatively identified because of its absence in several strains of knockout mice lacking MZ B cells (11, 46).
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
164
41,308
0
false
A splenic precursor population for MZ cells was first tentatively identified because of its absence in several strains of knockout mice lacking MZ B cells.
[ "11, 46" ]
A splenic precursor population for MZ cells was first tentatively identified because of its absence in several strains of knockout mice lacking MZ B cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
Subsequent reports support the hypothesis that this population gives rise to MZ cells (7, 28).
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
94
41,309
0
false
Subsequent reports support the hypothesis that this population gives rise to MZ cells.
[ "7, 28" ]
Subsequent reports support the hypothesis that this population gives rise to MZ cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
It was termed T2-MZP because of its similarity to T2 cells.
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
59
41,310
0
false
It was termed T2-MZP because of its similarity to T2 cells.
[]
It was termed T2-MZP because of its similarity to T2 cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
However, considering the similar IgH selective preferences exhibited by the T1 and MZ compartments in our chimeric mice along with the similarities between MZ and T1 cells in surface phenotype (both are IgMHiIgDLoCD23−), we considered that a more direct pathway of differentiation from the T1 to the MZ compartment was a...
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
331
41,311
0
false
However, considering the similar IgH selective preferences exhibited by the T1 and MZ compartments in our chimeric mice along with the similarities between MZ and T1 cells in surface phenotype (both are IgMHiIgDLoCD23−), we considered that a more direct pathway of differentiation from the T1 to the MZ compartment was a...
[]
However, considering the similar IgH selective preferences exhibited by the T1 and MZ compartments in our chimeric mice along with the similarities between MZ and T1 cells in surface phenotype (both are IgMHiIgDLoCD23−), we considered that a more direct pathway of differentiation from the T1 to the MZ compartment was a...
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
By inspecting the T1 compartment for CD21Hi cells, we have identified a discrete subpopulation which is a likely intermediate population along a direct T1→MZ differentiation pathway.
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
182
41,312
0
false
By inspecting the T1 compartment for CD21Hi cells, we have identified a discrete subpopulation which is a likely intermediate population along a direct T1→MZ differentiation pathway.
[]
By inspecting the T1 compartment for CD21Hi cells, we have identified a discrete subpopulation which is a likely intermediate population along a direct T1→MZ differentiation pathway.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
We designate these as T1-MZP cells.
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
35
41,313
0
false
We designate these as T1-MZP cells.
[]
We designate these as T1-MZP cells.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
Although there is strong evidence that CD21HiCD23+ splenic B cells have MZ precursor potential, we propose that some MZ differentiation can also start even earlier, at the T1 stage of splenic B cell development, and that these cells may bypass the T2 (CD23+) stage altogether, resulting in heterogeneity in the origin, r...
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
381
41,314
0
false
Although there is strong evidence that CD21HiCD23+ splenic B cells have MZ precursor potential, we propose that some MZ differentiation can also start even earlier, at the T1 stage of splenic B cell development, and that these cells may bypass the T2 (CD23+) stage altogether, resulting in heterogeneity in the origin, r...
[]
Although there is strong evidence that CD21HiCD23+ splenic B cells have MZ precursor potential, we propose that some MZ differentiation can also start even earlier, at the T1 stage of splenic B cell development, and that these cells may bypass the T2 (CD23+) stage altogether, resulting in heterogeneity in the origin, r...
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
This is supported by the phenotypic similarities between T1-MZP and MZ cells and the similarities in IgH selective preferences between the T1 and MZ compartments of our chimeric mice.
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
183
41,315
0
false
This is supported by the phenotypic similarities between T1-MZP and MZ cells and the similarities in IgH selective preferences between the T1 and MZ compartments of our chimeric mice.
[]
This is supported by the phenotypic similarities between T1-MZP and MZ cells and the similarities in IgH selective preferences between the T1 and MZ compartments of our chimeric mice.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
7
DISCUSSION
1
11
[ "bib11", "bib46", "bib7", "bib28" ]
18,710,933
pmid-12753744|pmid-11371362|pmid-15771569|pmid-16260487
We have integrated the findings of this study with the work of others and present a model for repertoire-based B cell development in Fig.
[ "11", "46", "7", "28" ]
137
41,316
0
false
We have integrated the findings of this study with the work of others and present a model for repertoire-based B cell development in Fig.
[]
We have integrated the findings of this study with the work of others and present a model for repertoire-based B cell development in Fig.
true
true
true
true
true
7,121
8
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "bib5", "bib26", "bib27", "bib31" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15826822|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488|pmid-17119110
Model for B cell development incorporating H-CDR3 selective preferences.
[ "5", "26", "27", "31" ]
72
41,317
0
false
Model for B cell development incorporating H-CDR3 selective preferences.
[]
Model for B cell development incorporating H-CDR3 selective preferences.
true
true
true
true
true
7,122
8
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "bib5", "bib26", "bib27", "bib31" ]
18,710,933
pmid-15826822|pmid-17105816|pmid-17675488|pmid-17119110
This schematic merges our repertoire data with other models of B cell development (5, 26, 27, 31).
[ "5", "26", "27", "31" ]
98
41,318
0
false
This schematic merges our repertoire data with other models of B cell development.
[ "5, 26, 27, 31" ]
This schematic merges our repertoire data with other models of B cell development.
true
true
true
true
true
7,122