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PMC1090567_F2_2056.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2061.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2054.jpg | What is shown in this image? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2058.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2049.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2055.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2057.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F2_2050.jpg | What is shown in this image? | GSNO modulates GPCR signaling in a dose-dependent manner. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. GSNO was present at the indicated concentrations for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (CCh, 10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M) or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note dose-dependent amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the striatum (Str), and the thalamus (Thal). Note also dose-related attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, especially in the white matter regions, including the corpus callosum (cc), the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi), and the striatal white matter (Sw). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2070.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2068.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2062.jpg | What is shown in this image? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2073.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2066.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2069.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2072.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2067.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2064.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F3_2071.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO) mimics the effects of GSNO in modulating GPCR signaling, whereas sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 8-bromo cyclic GMP (8Br-cGMP) do not. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with DPCPX (10-6 M) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, CysNO (1 mM), SNP (0.5 mM), or 8Br-cGMP (0.25 mM) were present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Carbachol (10-4 M), 2MeSADP (10-6 M), or LPA (5 × 10-5 M in 0.1% fatty acid free BSA) were present in step 3. Note amplification of CCh-stimulated G protein activity by CySNO, most evident at this coronal plane in the cerebral cortex (Cx), the thalamus (Thal), including the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus (SuG). Note also CysNO-dependent attenuation of 2MeSADP- and LPA-stimulated responses, most evident in the corpus callosum (cc) and the fimbria of the hippocampus (fi). Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 1 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2077.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2080.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2082.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2079.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2081.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2075.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090567_F4_2078.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | GSNO only marginally affect opiate related receptor (ORL1), μ opioid receptor (MOR) and adenosine A1 (Ado A1) receptors signaling in brain sections. [35S]GTPγS autoradiography was conducted using a 3-step protocol with adenosine deaminase (ADA, 1 U/ml) present throughout steps 2 and 3, as detailed in the Methods section. Where indicated, GSNO (1 mM) was present for 60 min during the GDP loading (step 2). Protease inhibitor cocktail was included in step 2 for brain sections used for testing ORL1 and MOR responses. Receptor agonists nociceptin (ORL1), DAMGO (MOR), and 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAdo) (adenosine A1 receptor) were present at submaximal concentrations during step 3. Note wide distribution of nociceptin-responsive brain regions, including the cerebral cortex (Cx). Note also robust response to DAMGO in the MOR-enriched striatal patches (Sp), as well as the relatively GSNO-resistant, and widely distributed adenosine A1 receptor-dependent signal throughout the sagittal plane. Scale bar = 2 mm. For quantitative data on selected brain regions, see Supplementary Table 2 in additional file 1. |
PMC1090580_F1_2083.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Chest radiograph showing right upper lobe consolidation (cardiac silhouette is normal). |
PMC1090580_F2_2084.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Chest radiograph bilateral alveolar opacities and cardiomegaly. |
PMC1090580_F3_2085.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Photomicrograph demonstrates large areas of necrosis with interspersed myocytes showing degeneration and regeneration [Hematoxylin & Eosin, original magnification × 33]. Inset shows photomicrograph demonstrating acid-fast bacilli [Ziehl-Neelson stain, original magnification × 33]. |
PMC1090582_F2_2087.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Monolayers of MCF-7 and MEC-1 cells cultured in low-serum medium and treated or not with extracellular Tat101aa (100 ng/ml for 36 hours). Increased numbers of cells can be observed in Tat-treated cultures as compared to untreated control cultures. Phase contrast; microscopic fields taken with a 10× objective. |
PMC1090582_F2_2089.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Monolayers of MCF-7 and MEC-1 cells cultured in low-serum medium and treated or not with extracellular Tat101aa (100 ng/ml for 36 hours). Increased numbers of cells can be observed in Tat-treated cultures as compared to untreated control cultures. Phase contrast; microscopic fields taken with a 10× objective. |
PMC1090582_F2_2086.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Monolayers of MCF-7 and MEC-1 cells cultured in low-serum medium and treated or not with extracellular Tat101aa (100 ng/ml for 36 hours). Increased numbers of cells can be observed in Tat-treated cultures as compared to untreated control cultures. Phase contrast; microscopic fields taken with a 10× objective. |
PMC1090582_F2_2088.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Monolayers of MCF-7 and MEC-1 cells cultured in low-serum medium and treated or not with extracellular Tat101aa (100 ng/ml for 36 hours). Increased numbers of cells can be observed in Tat-treated cultures as compared to untreated control cultures. Phase contrast; microscopic fields taken with a 10× objective. |
PMC1090583_F3_2093.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | B. abortus predominantly invades into trophoblast giant cells in placenta. Placentas not used for bacterial culture were fixed in situ within uteri in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed routinely for histologic examination and scoring using Meyer's hematoxylin stain. Specific labeling of B. abortus in placental sections was performed using the Dako EnVision System with anti-B. abortus rabbit serum and replicated bacteria are shown in brown. Normal (A and B) and infected placenta (C and D) are shown. Panels (B) and (D) indicate magnified images in panels (A) and (B). Arrows show trophoblast giant cells. |
PMC1090583_F3_2091.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | B. abortus predominantly invades into trophoblast giant cells in placenta. Placentas not used for bacterial culture were fixed in situ within uteri in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed routinely for histologic examination and scoring using Meyer's hematoxylin stain. Specific labeling of B. abortus in placental sections was performed using the Dako EnVision System with anti-B. abortus rabbit serum and replicated bacteria are shown in brown. Normal (A and B) and infected placenta (C and D) are shown. Panels (B) and (D) indicate magnified images in panels (A) and (B). Arrows show trophoblast giant cells. |
PMC1090583_F3_2092.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | B. abortus predominantly invades into trophoblast giant cells in placenta. Placentas not used for bacterial culture were fixed in situ within uteri in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed routinely for histologic examination and scoring using Meyer's hematoxylin stain. Specific labeling of B. abortus in placental sections was performed using the Dako EnVision System with anti-B. abortus rabbit serum and replicated bacteria are shown in brown. Normal (A and B) and infected placenta (C and D) are shown. Panels (B) and (D) indicate magnified images in panels (A) and (B). Arrows show trophoblast giant cells. |
PMC1090583_F3_2090.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | B. abortus predominantly invades into trophoblast giant cells in placenta. Placentas not used for bacterial culture were fixed in situ within uteri in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed routinely for histologic examination and scoring using Meyer's hematoxylin stain. Specific labeling of B. abortus in placental sections was performed using the Dako EnVision System with anti-B. abortus rabbit serum and replicated bacteria are shown in brown. Normal (A and B) and infected placenta (C and D) are shown. Panels (B) and (D) indicate magnified images in panels (A) and (B). Arrows show trophoblast giant cells. |
PMC1090590_F1_2094.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Magnified coronal T2-weighted MRI image of the right knee showing a medial meniscal tear. |
PMC1090601_F1_2105.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | 1A. Rho GTPase protein expression levels in the IBC cell line SUM 149 versus SUM 102. 1B. F-actin and focal adhesion distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cell lines. 1A. Equal protein amounts were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for RhoA, RhoC, and Rho (A, B, and C). Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. 1B. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were starved in unsupplemented F-12 Hams media for 24 hours and stimulated for 10 minutes with PBS (control), EGF (50 ng/ml), or FBS (5%). Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin (red) to visualize F-actin and anti-phosphotyrosine (green) to visualize focal adhesion. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F1_2095.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | 1A. Rho GTPase protein expression levels in the IBC cell line SUM 149 versus SUM 102. 1B. F-actin and focal adhesion distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cell lines. 1A. Equal protein amounts were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for RhoA, RhoC, and Rho (A, B, and C). Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. 1B. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were starved in unsupplemented F-12 Hams media for 24 hours and stimulated for 10 minutes with PBS (control), EGF (50 ng/ml), or FBS (5%). Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin (red) to visualize F-actin and anti-phosphotyrosine (green) to visualize focal adhesion. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F1_2101.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | 1A. Rho GTPase protein expression levels in the IBC cell line SUM 149 versus SUM 102. 1B. F-actin and focal adhesion distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cell lines. 1A. Equal protein amounts were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for RhoA, RhoC, and Rho (A, B, and C). Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. 1B. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were starved in unsupplemented F-12 Hams media for 24 hours and stimulated for 10 minutes with PBS (control), EGF (50 ng/ml), or FBS (5%). Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin (red) to visualize F-actin and anti-phosphotyrosine (green) to visualize focal adhesion. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F1_2099.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | 1A. Rho GTPase protein expression levels in the IBC cell line SUM 149 versus SUM 102. 1B. F-actin and focal adhesion distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cell lines. 1A. Equal protein amounts were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for RhoA, RhoC, and Rho (A, B, and C). Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. 1B. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were starved in unsupplemented F-12 Hams media for 24 hours and stimulated for 10 minutes with PBS (control), EGF (50 ng/ml), or FBS (5%). Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin (red) to visualize F-actin and anti-phosphotyrosine (green) to visualize focal adhesion. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F1_2098.jpg | What is shown in this image? | 1A. Rho GTPase protein expression levels in the IBC cell line SUM 149 versus SUM 102. 1B. F-actin and focal adhesion distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cell lines. 1A. Equal protein amounts were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for RhoA, RhoC, and Rho (A, B, and C). Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. 1B. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were starved in unsupplemented F-12 Hams media for 24 hours and stimulated for 10 minutes with PBS (control), EGF (50 ng/ml), or FBS (5%). Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin (red) to visualize F-actin and anti-phosphotyrosine (green) to visualize focal adhesion. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F4_2109.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Human breast cancer cell migration in response to wounding. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were grown to confluency on glass coverslips and wounded with a sterile razor blade. Closure of the wound was monitored over 7.5 hours. Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin to visualize F-actin reorganization in response to cell migration. Arrows indicate the wound edge. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative of at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F4_2108.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Human breast cancer cell migration in response to wounding. SUM 149 and SUM 102 cells were grown to confluency on glass coverslips and wounded with a sterile razor blade. Closure of the wound was monitored over 7.5 hours. Cells were stained with rhodamine phalloidin to visualize F-actin reorganization in response to cell migration. Arrows indicate the wound edge. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative of at least three independent experiments. |
PMC1090601_F5_2110.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | 5A. E-cadherin distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cells. 5B. E-cadherin protein expression levels in the IBC cell lineSUM 149 versus SUM 102. 5A. Cells were grown to 60% confluency and stained with anti-E-cadherin (green). Arrows indicate cell-cell adhesions containing E-cadherin. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. 5B. Cell lysates were separated by 8% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for E-cadherin. Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. |
PMC1090601_F5_2112.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | 5A. E-cadherin distribution in SUM 149 and SUM 102 human breast cancer cells. 5B. E-cadherin protein expression levels in the IBC cell lineSUM 149 versus SUM 102. 5A. Cells were grown to 60% confluency and stained with anti-E-cadherin (green). Arrows indicate cell-cell adhesions containing E-cadherin. Micrographs were taken at 1000× magnification. Images are representative for at least three independent experiments. 5B. Cell lysates were separated by 8% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed for E-cadherin. Images are representative of at least three independent experiments with actin serving to verify equal protein loading. |
PMC1097720_F2_2113.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Example of immunohistochemistry for CA IX. Example of biopsy stained for CA IX (×100). This tumor showed a small positive percentage. |
PMC1097720_F3_2116.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Example of immunohistochemistry for GLUT-1. Example of biopsy stained for GLUT-1 (×40). This tumor was scored highly positive. |
PMC1097720_F4_2114.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Example of immunohistochemistry for GLUT-1. Example of biopsy stained for GLUT-1 (×40). This tumor showed a small positive percentage. |
PMC1097722_F7_2122.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. HeLa 16.4.1-GFP cells and control HeLa GFP cells were transiently transfected with a Rev-CFP expression plasmid. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. 3D-Maximum image projections of Z-stacks were deconvolved and processed by multichannel unmixing, applying identical parameters to all images (see Material and Methods). Left images represent the GFP-channel (green), middle images the CFP-channel (pseudocolored red) and right images either an interference contrast photo (A) or a single z-slice of a phase contrast image (B). (A) Exemplary images of over 25 analyzed cells demonstrating nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. The left image shows HeLa-16.4.1-GFP cells either without Rev-CFP (white arrow), or with concurrent Rev-CFP expression (red arrow). The nucleolar 16.4.1-GFP signal is only visible in cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. Cells with extremely high expression levels of Rev-CFP were excluded from analysis. Scale bars: 10 μm. (B) Controls for separation of GFP and CFP and signals by multichannel unmixing. Images of HeLa cells stably expressing GFP (HeLa-GFP) either alone or together with Rev-CFP are shown in the upper and lower panels, respectively. The intracellular distribution of the GFP signal is not influenced by coexpression of Rev-CFP. Conversely, a nuclear/nucleolar CFP signal is detected only in HeLa-GFP cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. These results confirm that multichannel unmixing eliminates spectral crosstalk between CFP and GFP channels. Scale bars: 10 μm. |
PMC1097722_F7_2118.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. HeLa 16.4.1-GFP cells and control HeLa GFP cells were transiently transfected with a Rev-CFP expression plasmid. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. 3D-Maximum image projections of Z-stacks were deconvolved and processed by multichannel unmixing, applying identical parameters to all images (see Material and Methods). Left images represent the GFP-channel (green), middle images the CFP-channel (pseudocolored red) and right images either an interference contrast photo (A) or a single z-slice of a phase contrast image (B). (A) Exemplary images of over 25 analyzed cells demonstrating nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. The left image shows HeLa-16.4.1-GFP cells either without Rev-CFP (white arrow), or with concurrent Rev-CFP expression (red arrow). The nucleolar 16.4.1-GFP signal is only visible in cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. Cells with extremely high expression levels of Rev-CFP were excluded from analysis. Scale bars: 10 μm. (B) Controls for separation of GFP and CFP and signals by multichannel unmixing. Images of HeLa cells stably expressing GFP (HeLa-GFP) either alone or together with Rev-CFP are shown in the upper and lower panels, respectively. The intracellular distribution of the GFP signal is not influenced by coexpression of Rev-CFP. Conversely, a nuclear/nucleolar CFP signal is detected only in HeLa-GFP cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. These results confirm that multichannel unmixing eliminates spectral crosstalk between CFP and GFP channels. Scale bars: 10 μm. |
PMC1097722_F7_2117.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. HeLa 16.4.1-GFP cells and control HeLa GFP cells were transiently transfected with a Rev-CFP expression plasmid. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. 3D-Maximum image projections of Z-stacks were deconvolved and processed by multichannel unmixing, applying identical parameters to all images (see Material and Methods). Left images represent the GFP-channel (green), middle images the CFP-channel (pseudocolored red) and right images either an interference contrast photo (A) or a single z-slice of a phase contrast image (B). (A) Exemplary images of over 25 analyzed cells demonstrating nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. The left image shows HeLa-16.4.1-GFP cells either without Rev-CFP (white arrow), or with concurrent Rev-CFP expression (red arrow). The nucleolar 16.4.1-GFP signal is only visible in cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. Cells with extremely high expression levels of Rev-CFP were excluded from analysis. Scale bars: 10 μm. (B) Controls for separation of GFP and CFP and signals by multichannel unmixing. Images of HeLa cells stably expressing GFP (HeLa-GFP) either alone or together with Rev-CFP are shown in the upper and lower panels, respectively. The intracellular distribution of the GFP signal is not influenced by coexpression of Rev-CFP. Conversely, a nuclear/nucleolar CFP signal is detected only in HeLa-GFP cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. These results confirm that multichannel unmixing eliminates spectral crosstalk between CFP and GFP channels. Scale bars: 10 μm. |
PMC1097722_F7_2120.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. HeLa 16.4.1-GFP cells and control HeLa GFP cells were transiently transfected with a Rev-CFP expression plasmid. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. 3D-Maximum image projections of Z-stacks were deconvolved and processed by multichannel unmixing, applying identical parameters to all images (see Material and Methods). Left images represent the GFP-channel (green), middle images the CFP-channel (pseudocolored red) and right images either an interference contrast photo (A) or a single z-slice of a phase contrast image (B). (A) Exemplary images of over 25 analyzed cells demonstrating nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. The left image shows HeLa-16.4.1-GFP cells either without Rev-CFP (white arrow), or with concurrent Rev-CFP expression (red arrow). The nucleolar 16.4.1-GFP signal is only visible in cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. Cells with extremely high expression levels of Rev-CFP were excluded from analysis. Scale bars: 10 μm. (B) Controls for separation of GFP and CFP and signals by multichannel unmixing. Images of HeLa cells stably expressing GFP (HeLa-GFP) either alone or together with Rev-CFP are shown in the upper and lower panels, respectively. The intracellular distribution of the GFP signal is not influenced by coexpression of Rev-CFP. Conversely, a nuclear/nucleolar CFP signal is detected only in HeLa-GFP cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. These results confirm that multichannel unmixing eliminates spectral crosstalk between CFP and GFP channels. Scale bars: 10 μm. |
PMC1097722_F7_2119.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. HeLa 16.4.1-GFP cells and control HeLa GFP cells were transiently transfected with a Rev-CFP expression plasmid. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. 3D-Maximum image projections of Z-stacks were deconvolved and processed by multichannel unmixing, applying identical parameters to all images (see Material and Methods). Left images represent the GFP-channel (green), middle images the CFP-channel (pseudocolored red) and right images either an interference contrast photo (A) or a single z-slice of a phase contrast image (B). (A) Exemplary images of over 25 analyzed cells demonstrating nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. The left image shows HeLa-16.4.1-GFP cells either without Rev-CFP (white arrow), or with concurrent Rev-CFP expression (red arrow). The nucleolar 16.4.1-GFP signal is only visible in cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. Cells with extremely high expression levels of Rev-CFP were excluded from analysis. Scale bars: 10 μm. (B) Controls for separation of GFP and CFP and signals by multichannel unmixing. Images of HeLa cells stably expressing GFP (HeLa-GFP) either alone or together with Rev-CFP are shown in the upper and lower panels, respectively. The intracellular distribution of the GFP signal is not influenced by coexpression of Rev-CFP. Conversely, a nuclear/nucleolar CFP signal is detected only in HeLa-GFP cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. These results confirm that multichannel unmixing eliminates spectral crosstalk between CFP and GFP channels. Scale bars: 10 μm. |
PMC1097722_F7_2123.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. HeLa 16.4.1-GFP cells and control HeLa GFP cells were transiently transfected with a Rev-CFP expression plasmid. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. 3D-Maximum image projections of Z-stacks were deconvolved and processed by multichannel unmixing, applying identical parameters to all images (see Material and Methods). Left images represent the GFP-channel (green), middle images the CFP-channel (pseudocolored red) and right images either an interference contrast photo (A) or a single z-slice of a phase contrast image (B). (A) Exemplary images of over 25 analyzed cells demonstrating nucleolar colocalization of 16.4.1-GFP and Rev-CFP. The left image shows HeLa-16.4.1-GFP cells either without Rev-CFP (white arrow), or with concurrent Rev-CFP expression (red arrow). The nucleolar 16.4.1-GFP signal is only visible in cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. Cells with extremely high expression levels of Rev-CFP were excluded from analysis. Scale bars: 10 μm. (B) Controls for separation of GFP and CFP and signals by multichannel unmixing. Images of HeLa cells stably expressing GFP (HeLa-GFP) either alone or together with Rev-CFP are shown in the upper and lower panels, respectively. The intracellular distribution of the GFP signal is not influenced by coexpression of Rev-CFP. Conversely, a nuclear/nucleolar CFP signal is detected only in HeLa-GFP cells coexpressing Rev-CFP. These results confirm that multichannel unmixing eliminates spectral crosstalk between CFP and GFP channels. Scale bars: 10 μm. |
PMC1097746_F3_2127.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | (A) Cell-cell adhesion- Epithelial cells were stained with anti-E-cadherin monoclonal antibody and detected by fluorescent dye microcopy. Green fluorescent represents E-cadherin molecules connecting cells. Red color represents nucleus. (B) Cell-matrix adhesion- Adherent endothelial cell was stained with anti-fibronectin monoclonal antibody and detected by fluorescent microscopy. Images are not in scale, magnification, 200× |
PMC1097746_F3_2126.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | (A) Cell-cell adhesion- Epithelial cells were stained with anti-E-cadherin monoclonal antibody and detected by fluorescent dye microcopy. Green fluorescent represents E-cadherin molecules connecting cells. Red color represents nucleus. (B) Cell-matrix adhesion- Adherent endothelial cell was stained with anti-fibronectin monoclonal antibody and detected by fluorescent microscopy. Images are not in scale, magnification, 200× |
PMC1097755_F5_2129.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Fluorescence microscopy. L. donovani promastigotes transfected with a CPN10/GFP gene chimera on plasmid pIRCPN10::GFP were subjected to bright field microscopy at 63× magnification (panels A-C). The same microscopic fields were viewed under UV excitation at XXX nm (panels D-F). Panels G-I show the overlays. |
PMC1097755_F5_2128.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Fluorescence microscopy. L. donovani promastigotes transfected with a CPN10/GFP gene chimera on plasmid pIRCPN10::GFP were subjected to bright field microscopy at 63× magnification (panels A-C). The same microscopic fields were viewed under UV excitation at XXX nm (panels D-F). Panels G-I show the overlays. |
PMC1097755_F5_2134.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Fluorescence microscopy. L. donovani promastigotes transfected with a CPN10/GFP gene chimera on plasmid pIRCPN10::GFP were subjected to bright field microscopy at 63× magnification (panels A-C). The same microscopic fields were viewed under UV excitation at XXX nm (panels D-F). Panels G-I show the overlays. |
PMC1097755_F5_2133.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Fluorescence microscopy. L. donovani promastigotes transfected with a CPN10/GFP gene chimera on plasmid pIRCPN10::GFP were subjected to bright field microscopy at 63× magnification (panels A-C). The same microscopic fields were viewed under UV excitation at XXX nm (panels D-F). Panels G-I show the overlays. |
PMC1097755_F5_2135.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Fluorescence microscopy. L. donovani promastigotes transfected with a CPN10/GFP gene chimera on plasmid pIRCPN10::GFP were subjected to bright field microscopy at 63× magnification (panels A-C). The same microscopic fields were viewed under UV excitation at XXX nm (panels D-F). Panels G-I show the overlays. |
PMC1097755_F5_2130.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Fluorescence microscopy. L. donovani promastigotes transfected with a CPN10/GFP gene chimera on plasmid pIRCPN10::GFP were subjected to bright field microscopy at 63× magnification (panels A-C). The same microscopic fields were viewed under UV excitation at XXX nm (panels D-F). Panels G-I show the overlays. |
PMC1097763_F1_2137.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | CT scan showing the gallbladder inflammatory mass |
PMC1097763_F4_2138.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Photomicrograph showing immunohistocemical negative staining with desmin (× 100) |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001_2143.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | The Mouse Sox1
βgeo Allele Reveals the Requirement of SOX1 in the Development of VS Neurons(A) Strategy for targeting of the Sox1 locus by insertion of βgeo. Restriction enzymes: RV, EcoRV; K, KpnI; E, EcoRI; S, SpeI; B, BamHI. Yellow boxes indicate βgeo, green, SOX1 exon, and blue lines indicate fragments appearing in Southern blots of EcoR1-digested genomic DNA, hybridized with the external probe, which is shown with red lines.(B–E) X-gal and SOX1 antibody staining of Sox1
βgeo/+. Comparison of Sox1
βgeo expression visualized by X-gal staining (B and D) and the endogenous wild-type Sox1 gene visualized by whole-mount in situ (C) and SOX1 antibody staining (E). (B and C) show E9-stage embryos and (D and E) show coronal sections of newborn ventral telencephalon.(F–M) 100-μm coronal sections (Vibratome) were stained with X-gal to identify cells with Sox1 promoter activity. (F–I) show Sox1
βgeo/+ forebrain sections from E13 to birth (P0) showing normal migration of Sox1-expressing cells from the VZ to the site of the OT, including striatal bridges. (J–M) show sections of Sox1
βgeo/M1 forebrain, showing absence of X-gal staining in the OT and the striatal bridges. Red arrowheads show the anterior commissure.Scale bar = 500 μm for (B) and (C) and 300 μm for (D–M). |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001_2144.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | The Mouse Sox1
βgeo Allele Reveals the Requirement of SOX1 in the Development of VS Neurons(A) Strategy for targeting of the Sox1 locus by insertion of βgeo. Restriction enzymes: RV, EcoRV; K, KpnI; E, EcoRI; S, SpeI; B, BamHI. Yellow boxes indicate βgeo, green, SOX1 exon, and blue lines indicate fragments appearing in Southern blots of EcoR1-digested genomic DNA, hybridized with the external probe, which is shown with red lines.(B–E) X-gal and SOX1 antibody staining of Sox1
βgeo/+. Comparison of Sox1
βgeo expression visualized by X-gal staining (B and D) and the endogenous wild-type Sox1 gene visualized by whole-mount in situ (C) and SOX1 antibody staining (E). (B and C) show E9-stage embryos and (D and E) show coronal sections of newborn ventral telencephalon.(F–M) 100-μm coronal sections (Vibratome) were stained with X-gal to identify cells with Sox1 promoter activity. (F–I) show Sox1
βgeo/+ forebrain sections from E13 to birth (P0) showing normal migration of Sox1-expressing cells from the VZ to the site of the OT, including striatal bridges. (J–M) show sections of Sox1
βgeo/M1 forebrain, showing absence of X-gal staining in the OT and the striatal bridges. Red arrowheads show the anterior commissure.Scale bar = 500 μm for (B) and (C) and 300 μm for (D–M). |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001_2146.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | The Mouse Sox1
βgeo Allele Reveals the Requirement of SOX1 in the Development of VS Neurons(A) Strategy for targeting of the Sox1 locus by insertion of βgeo. Restriction enzymes: RV, EcoRV; K, KpnI; E, EcoRI; S, SpeI; B, BamHI. Yellow boxes indicate βgeo, green, SOX1 exon, and blue lines indicate fragments appearing in Southern blots of EcoR1-digested genomic DNA, hybridized with the external probe, which is shown with red lines.(B–E) X-gal and SOX1 antibody staining of Sox1
βgeo/+. Comparison of Sox1
βgeo expression visualized by X-gal staining (B and D) and the endogenous wild-type Sox1 gene visualized by whole-mount in situ (C) and SOX1 antibody staining (E). (B and C) show E9-stage embryos and (D and E) show coronal sections of newborn ventral telencephalon.(F–M) 100-μm coronal sections (Vibratome) were stained with X-gal to identify cells with Sox1 promoter activity. (F–I) show Sox1
βgeo/+ forebrain sections from E13 to birth (P0) showing normal migration of Sox1-expressing cells from the VZ to the site of the OT, including striatal bridges. (J–M) show sections of Sox1
βgeo/M1 forebrain, showing absence of X-gal staining in the OT and the striatal bridges. Red arrowheads show the anterior commissure.Scale bar = 500 μm for (B) and (C) and 300 μm for (D–M). |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001_2140.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | The Mouse Sox1
βgeo Allele Reveals the Requirement of SOX1 in the Development of VS Neurons(A) Strategy for targeting of the Sox1 locus by insertion of βgeo. Restriction enzymes: RV, EcoRV; K, KpnI; E, EcoRI; S, SpeI; B, BamHI. Yellow boxes indicate βgeo, green, SOX1 exon, and blue lines indicate fragments appearing in Southern blots of EcoR1-digested genomic DNA, hybridized with the external probe, which is shown with red lines.(B–E) X-gal and SOX1 antibody staining of Sox1
βgeo/+. Comparison of Sox1
βgeo expression visualized by X-gal staining (B and D) and the endogenous wild-type Sox1 gene visualized by whole-mount in situ (C) and SOX1 antibody staining (E). (B and C) show E9-stage embryos and (D and E) show coronal sections of newborn ventral telencephalon.(F–M) 100-μm coronal sections (Vibratome) were stained with X-gal to identify cells with Sox1 promoter activity. (F–I) show Sox1
βgeo/+ forebrain sections from E13 to birth (P0) showing normal migration of Sox1-expressing cells from the VZ to the site of the OT, including striatal bridges. (J–M) show sections of Sox1
βgeo/M1 forebrain, showing absence of X-gal staining in the OT and the striatal bridges. Red arrowheads show the anterior commissure.Scale bar = 500 μm for (B) and (C) and 300 μm for (D–M). |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001_2142.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | The Mouse Sox1
βgeo Allele Reveals the Requirement of SOX1 in the Development of VS Neurons(A) Strategy for targeting of the Sox1 locus by insertion of βgeo. Restriction enzymes: RV, EcoRV; K, KpnI; E, EcoRI; S, SpeI; B, BamHI. Yellow boxes indicate βgeo, green, SOX1 exon, and blue lines indicate fragments appearing in Southern blots of EcoR1-digested genomic DNA, hybridized with the external probe, which is shown with red lines.(B–E) X-gal and SOX1 antibody staining of Sox1
βgeo/+. Comparison of Sox1
βgeo expression visualized by X-gal staining (B and D) and the endogenous wild-type Sox1 gene visualized by whole-mount in situ (C) and SOX1 antibody staining (E). (B and C) show E9-stage embryos and (D and E) show coronal sections of newborn ventral telencephalon.(F–M) 100-μm coronal sections (Vibratome) were stained with X-gal to identify cells with Sox1 promoter activity. (F–I) show Sox1
βgeo/+ forebrain sections from E13 to birth (P0) showing normal migration of Sox1-expressing cells from the VZ to the site of the OT, including striatal bridges. (J–M) show sections of Sox1
βgeo/M1 forebrain, showing absence of X-gal staining in the OT and the striatal bridges. Red arrowheads show the anterior commissure.Scale bar = 500 μm for (B) and (C) and 300 μm for (D–M). |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001_2147.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | The Mouse Sox1
βgeo Allele Reveals the Requirement of SOX1 in the Development of VS Neurons(A) Strategy for targeting of the Sox1 locus by insertion of βgeo. Restriction enzymes: RV, EcoRV; K, KpnI; E, EcoRI; S, SpeI; B, BamHI. Yellow boxes indicate βgeo, green, SOX1 exon, and blue lines indicate fragments appearing in Southern blots of EcoR1-digested genomic DNA, hybridized with the external probe, which is shown with red lines.(B–E) X-gal and SOX1 antibody staining of Sox1
βgeo/+. Comparison of Sox1
βgeo expression visualized by X-gal staining (B and D) and the endogenous wild-type Sox1 gene visualized by whole-mount in situ (C) and SOX1 antibody staining (E). (B and C) show E9-stage embryos and (D and E) show coronal sections of newborn ventral telencephalon.(F–M) 100-μm coronal sections (Vibratome) were stained with X-gal to identify cells with Sox1 promoter activity. (F–I) show Sox1
βgeo/+ forebrain sections from E13 to birth (P0) showing normal migration of Sox1-expressing cells from the VZ to the site of the OT, including striatal bridges. (J–M) show sections of Sox1
βgeo/M1 forebrain, showing absence of X-gal staining in the OT and the striatal bridges. Red arrowheads show the anterior commissure.Scale bar = 500 μm for (B) and (C) and 300 μm for (D–M). |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2159.jpg | What is shown in this image? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2160.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2158.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2155.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2149.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2156.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2154.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2150.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2152.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2153.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006_2157.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | SOX2 and SOX3 Down-Regulation in LGE Neurons and SOX1/SOX2 Co-Expression in LGE PrecursorsImmunofluorescence of coronal sections at LGE levels in (A–C) E15- and (D–L) E13-stage wild-type embryos visualized on a confocal microscope: antibody staining for (A, D, G, and J) SOX1 (red), (B, E, H, and K) SOX2 (green), (C) SOX3 (green), (D–L) double SOX1 (red) and SOX2 (green), and (F, I, and L) merged. In the OT area and the LGE mantle, there are more neurons expressing SOX1 (A and J) than SOX2 (B and K) and SOX3 (C). Note the extensive co-expression of the SOX1 and SOX2 in precursors (D–I). (G–I) are higher magnifications of the areas within the rectangles. Scale bar = 300 μm. |
PMC1112593_F2_2163.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | F41D9.1::GFP expression. Widespread through the neural system. Panel A shows the general expression pattern in an L1 stage animal. Many cells in the nerve ring, the ventral nerve cord (vnc) and the tail region express GFP. Panel B presents the tail region in greater detail, scanning through the animal at three focal planes from right (Bi) to left (Biii), with the ventral side facing down. A cluster of laterally symmetrical cells is visible in panels Bi and Biii, whereas in Bii cells of the vnc are visible. Magnification is 100×. Fig C presents 3 focal planes from dorsal (Panel Ci) to ventral (Panel Ciii) through the worm head, with the posterior pharyngeal bulb to the left. The GFP images have undergone deconvolution to increase resolution. Cells of the dorsal ganglion are visible in Ci, the retrovesicular ganglion is marked in Cii, and processes leading to it are indicated in Ciii. Scale bar represents10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2176.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2170.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2169.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2165.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2168.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2175.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112593_F3_2166.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | C17E4.3::GFP reporter expression. Present in the head and tail regions of larval stages. Panel Ai shows an overview of an L1 animal, with distinct cells near the anterior pharyngeal bulb as well as in the tail. Close up of the head reveals GFP expressing cells (Panel Bii), including muscle cells located in the posterior pharyngeal bulb (Panel Biv, labeled 'p'). Sheath/socket cells located at the anterior pharyngeal bulb are indicated in panels Biv, Dii and Diii. Dye-filling tests (see Materials and Methods) to stain sensory amphid (head) and phasmid (tail) neurons are shown in panels C and D. The amphids are specifically visualized in panel Civ (red fluorescence), and under an FITC filter in Ciii (yellow fluorescence, not in nucleus) and green with an EGFP filter, and are not the same as the cells expressing the C17E4.3::GFP reporter (arrow in panels Cii and Ciii). In the tail, phasmids (labeled 'ph') are clearly seen in panel Div just below the anus (cl), but are not expressing GFP, which is instead present in several hypodermal cells (arrow panel Diii). Scale bar represent 10 μm. |
PMC1112595_F3_2178.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | A section of CT scan of chest performed 8 days after hospitalization showing bilateral consolidation of lungs, mainly of lower lung fields. |
PMC1112595_F3_2177.jpg | What is shown in this image? | A section of CT scan of chest performed 8 days after hospitalization showing bilateral consolidation of lungs, mainly of lower lung fields. |
PMC1112595_F5_2179.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Wet preparation of sputum [25% NaOH with 5% Glycerol as the mounting medium, 40× magnification] showing budding yeast [blastocyst] |
PMC1112608_F1_2180.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Hyperintensity of the nodule on T1- and T2-weighted images (left), which remains so after gadolinium injection (right), on T1-weigthed image in the portal phase. |
PMC1112608_F1_2181.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Hyperintensity of the nodule on T1- and T2-weighted images (left), which remains so after gadolinium injection (right), on T1-weigthed image in the portal phase. |
PMC1112608_F1_2182.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Hyperintensity of the nodule on T1- and T2-weighted images (left), which remains so after gadolinium injection (right), on T1-weigthed image in the portal phase. |
PMC1112608_F3_2184.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Septal fibrosis in non tumoral liver (a), contrasting with absence of fibrosis in the nodule (b). Masson's trichrome. |
PMC1112608_F4_2187.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Septal fibrosis in non tumoral liver (a), contrasting with absence of fibrosis in the nodule (b). Reticulin staining. |
PMC1112608_F4_2186.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Septal fibrosis in non tumoral liver (a), contrasting with absence of fibrosis in the nodule (b). Reticulin staining. |
PMC1112608_F6_2188.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | PAS staining: (a) foci of clear hepatocytes (arrow) close to the border between the non tumoral PAS positive zone, on the left side, and the PAS negative nodule on the right side of the photograph; (b) a clear focus in the nodule. |
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