image stringlengths 20 66 | question stringclasses 16
values | answer stringlengths 3 10.7k |
|---|---|---|
PMC1436015_F4_5112.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Histological detection of injected beads. Implantation site (tissue autofluoresces orange) containing green fluorescent beads collected a few hours following ultrasound-guided microinjection into the ectoplacental cone region at E7.5. Beads visualized in 50 μm frozen sections were primarily localized to the targeted ectoplacental cone region. AC, amniotic cavity; Emb, embryo; EPC, ectoplacental cone; Exo, exocoelomic cavity; YSC, yolk sac cavity. |
PMC1436015_F4_5114.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Histological detection of injected beads. Implantation site (tissue autofluoresces orange) containing green fluorescent beads collected a few hours following ultrasound-guided microinjection into the ectoplacental cone region at E7.5. Beads visualized in 50 μm frozen sections were primarily localized to the targeted ectoplacental cone region. AC, amniotic cavity; Emb, embryo; EPC, ectoplacental cone; Exo, exocoelomic cavity; YSC, yolk sac cavity. |
PMC1436015_F6_5119.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Localization of fluorescent beads in the placental labyrinth following exocoelomic microinjection. Images of placentas dissected at E11.5 following ultrasound-guided microinjection of green fluorescent beads into the exocoelomic cavity at E7.5. (A) Stereomicroscopic image showing fluorescent beads embedded in the fetal surface of the placenta near the cord insertion. (B) 50 μm frozen section through the placenta and implantation site showing fluorescent beads distributed within the labyrinth layer, extending as deep as the border between the labyrinth and spongiotrophoblast layers (dotted line). Boxed regions in (B) and (C) are shown as higher power images in (C) and (D) respectively. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI in B, C, and D. AC, amniotic cavity; Emb, embryo. |
PMC1436015_F6_5117.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Localization of fluorescent beads in the placental labyrinth following exocoelomic microinjection. Images of placentas dissected at E11.5 following ultrasound-guided microinjection of green fluorescent beads into the exocoelomic cavity at E7.5. (A) Stereomicroscopic image showing fluorescent beads embedded in the fetal surface of the placenta near the cord insertion. (B) 50 μm frozen section through the placenta and implantation site showing fluorescent beads distributed within the labyrinth layer, extending as deep as the border between the labyrinth and spongiotrophoblast layers (dotted line). Boxed regions in (B) and (C) are shown as higher power images in (C) and (D) respectively. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI in B, C, and D. AC, amniotic cavity; Emb, embryo. |
PMC1436015_F7_5115.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Embryonic localization of fluorescent beads following amniotic cavity microinjection. E9.5 embryo dissected 2 days after ultrasound-guided microinjection of 13.8 nL of fluorescent beads into the amniotic cavity. Green fluorescent beads were visible within the neural system (arrows) as well as on the skin surface. The embryo was imaged using a Leica MZ 16FA stereomicroscope with GFP filter. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5137.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5132.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5138.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5134.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5124.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5125.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5127.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5128.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5130.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5123.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5133.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5121.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5129.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5131.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5135.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440772_f2-ehp0114-000507_5126.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Histologic examination of liver damage in A/J mice challenged with Pb (B, F, J, N, R), LPS (C, G, K, O, S), Pb+LPS (D, H, L, P, T), or saline (control) (A, E, I, M, Q). To evaluate the effects of corresponding inhibitors, mice were pretreated with PTX (100 mg/kg) for 60 min (E, F, G, H), GdCl3 (40 mg/kg) for 24 hr (I, J, K, L), or C21H18NO4Cl (5 mg/kg) for 30 min (M, N, O, P), or U0126 (25 μmol/kg) for 10 min (Q, R, S, T). Mice were sacrificed after 24 hr. Arrows in (D) indicate the necrosis area. Tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Bars = 0.04 mm. |
PMC1440850_F1_5139.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | MRI Brain. There are multiple areas of low signal intensity in the pons, medulla oblongata, basal ganglia and also in the cerebral hemispheres (MRI Brain T1). |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g005_5145.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Morphology of Atrxnull Embryos at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpcParaffin sections of wild-type or Atrxnull 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with haematoxylin (A) or with an anti-ATRX antibody (H-300, Figure 1) (B–E). Photomicrographs C–E show higher magnification images (200×) of the stained sections shown in (B) (40×). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 40 μm (200× magnification). a, amnion; ac, amniotic cavity; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ec, ectoplacental cavity; ecc, exocoelomic cavity; ep, ectoplacental cone; ne, neural ectoderm; rm, Reichert's membrane; tgc, trophoblast giant cell.(F) Detection of brachyury (T) expression in Atrxnull 8.5 dpc embryo (head fold stage) by WMISH. The genotype was determined by PCR (as shown in Protocol S1) using DNA extracted from yolk sac. hf, head fold; n, emerging notochord; ps, primitive streak. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g005_5144.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Morphology of Atrxnull Embryos at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpcParaffin sections of wild-type or Atrxnull 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with haematoxylin (A) or with an anti-ATRX antibody (H-300, Figure 1) (B–E). Photomicrographs C–E show higher magnification images (200×) of the stained sections shown in (B) (40×). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 40 μm (200× magnification). a, amnion; ac, amniotic cavity; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ec, ectoplacental cavity; ecc, exocoelomic cavity; ep, ectoplacental cone; ne, neural ectoderm; rm, Reichert's membrane; tgc, trophoblast giant cell.(F) Detection of brachyury (T) expression in Atrxnull 8.5 dpc embryo (head fold stage) by WMISH. The genotype was determined by PCR (as shown in Protocol S1) using DNA extracted from yolk sac. hf, head fold; n, emerging notochord; ps, primitive streak. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g005_5146.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Morphology of Atrxnull Embryos at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpcParaffin sections of wild-type or Atrxnull 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with haematoxylin (A) or with an anti-ATRX antibody (H-300, Figure 1) (B–E). Photomicrographs C–E show higher magnification images (200×) of the stained sections shown in (B) (40×). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 40 μm (200× magnification). a, amnion; ac, amniotic cavity; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ec, ectoplacental cavity; ecc, exocoelomic cavity; ep, ectoplacental cone; ne, neural ectoderm; rm, Reichert's membrane; tgc, trophoblast giant cell.(F) Detection of brachyury (T) expression in Atrxnull 8.5 dpc embryo (head fold stage) by WMISH. The genotype was determined by PCR (as shown in Protocol S1) using DNA extracted from yolk sac. hf, head fold; n, emerging notochord; ps, primitive streak. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g005_5148.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Morphology of Atrxnull Embryos at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpcParaffin sections of wild-type or Atrxnull 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with haematoxylin (A) or with an anti-ATRX antibody (H-300, Figure 1) (B–E). Photomicrographs C–E show higher magnification images (200×) of the stained sections shown in (B) (40×). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 40 μm (200× magnification). a, amnion; ac, amniotic cavity; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ec, ectoplacental cavity; ecc, exocoelomic cavity; ep, ectoplacental cone; ne, neural ectoderm; rm, Reichert's membrane; tgc, trophoblast giant cell.(F) Detection of brachyury (T) expression in Atrxnull 8.5 dpc embryo (head fold stage) by WMISH. The genotype was determined by PCR (as shown in Protocol S1) using DNA extracted from yolk sac. hf, head fold; n, emerging notochord; ps, primitive streak. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g005_5143.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Morphology of Atrxnull Embryos at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpcParaffin sections of wild-type or Atrxnull 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with haematoxylin (A) or with an anti-ATRX antibody (H-300, Figure 1) (B–E). Photomicrographs C–E show higher magnification images (200×) of the stained sections shown in (B) (40×). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 40 μm (200× magnification). a, amnion; ac, amniotic cavity; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ec, ectoplacental cavity; ecc, exocoelomic cavity; ep, ectoplacental cone; ne, neural ectoderm; rm, Reichert's membrane; tgc, trophoblast giant cell.(F) Detection of brachyury (T) expression in Atrxnull 8.5 dpc embryo (head fold stage) by WMISH. The genotype was determined by PCR (as shown in Protocol S1) using DNA extracted from yolk sac. hf, head fold; n, emerging notochord; ps, primitive streak. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g005_5147.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Morphology of Atrxnull Embryos at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpcParaffin sections of wild-type or Atrxnull 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with haematoxylin (A) or with an anti-ATRX antibody (H-300, Figure 1) (B–E). Photomicrographs C–E show higher magnification images (200×) of the stained sections shown in (B) (40×). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 40 μm (200× magnification). a, amnion; ac, amniotic cavity; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ec, ectoplacental cavity; ecc, exocoelomic cavity; ep, ectoplacental cone; ne, neural ectoderm; rm, Reichert's membrane; tgc, trophoblast giant cell.(F) Detection of brachyury (T) expression in Atrxnull 8.5 dpc embryo (head fold stage) by WMISH. The genotype was determined by PCR (as shown in Protocol S1) using DNA extracted from yolk sac. hf, head fold; n, emerging notochord; ps, primitive streak. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g008_5149.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Escape from Imprinted Inactivation of the Paternally Inherited AtrxWT Allele in Carrier FemalesParaffin sections of wild-type (Atrx
WT/Y) and carrier female (Atrx
WT/null) 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with the anti-ATRX antibody (H-300). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 20 μm (400× magnification).(A) Stained sections showing whole embryos at 40× magnification. a, amnion; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ep, ectoplacental cone.(B) Higher-magnification image (400×) of the epiblast regions of the stained sections shown in (A).(C) Higher-magnification image (400×) showing the extraembryonic derived-chorionic ectoderm of the stained sections shown in (A). ce, chorionic ectoderm; cm, chorionic mesoderm. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g008_5153.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Escape from Imprinted Inactivation of the Paternally Inherited AtrxWT Allele in Carrier FemalesParaffin sections of wild-type (Atrx
WT/Y) and carrier female (Atrx
WT/null) 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with the anti-ATRX antibody (H-300). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 20 μm (400× magnification).(A) Stained sections showing whole embryos at 40× magnification. a, amnion; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ep, ectoplacental cone.(B) Higher-magnification image (400×) of the epiblast regions of the stained sections shown in (A).(C) Higher-magnification image (400×) showing the extraembryonic derived-chorionic ectoderm of the stained sections shown in (A). ce, chorionic ectoderm; cm, chorionic mesoderm. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g008_5151.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Escape from Imprinted Inactivation of the Paternally Inherited AtrxWT Allele in Carrier FemalesParaffin sections of wild-type (Atrx
WT/Y) and carrier female (Atrx
WT/null) 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with the anti-ATRX antibody (H-300). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 20 μm (400× magnification).(A) Stained sections showing whole embryos at 40× magnification. a, amnion; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ep, ectoplacental cone.(B) Higher-magnification image (400×) of the epiblast regions of the stained sections shown in (A).(C) Higher-magnification image (400×) showing the extraembryonic derived-chorionic ectoderm of the stained sections shown in (A). ce, chorionic ectoderm; cm, chorionic mesoderm. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g008_5154.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Escape from Imprinted Inactivation of the Paternally Inherited AtrxWT Allele in Carrier FemalesParaffin sections of wild-type (Atrx
WT/Y) and carrier female (Atrx
WT/null) 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with the anti-ATRX antibody (H-300). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 20 μm (400× magnification).(A) Stained sections showing whole embryos at 40× magnification. a, amnion; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ep, ectoplacental cone.(B) Higher-magnification image (400×) of the epiblast regions of the stained sections shown in (A).(C) Higher-magnification image (400×) showing the extraembryonic derived-chorionic ectoderm of the stained sections shown in (A). ce, chorionic ectoderm; cm, chorionic mesoderm. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g008_5150.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Escape from Imprinted Inactivation of the Paternally Inherited AtrxWT Allele in Carrier FemalesParaffin sections of wild-type (Atrx
WT/Y) and carrier female (Atrx
WT/null) 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with the anti-ATRX antibody (H-300). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 20 μm (400× magnification).(A) Stained sections showing whole embryos at 40× magnification. a, amnion; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ep, ectoplacental cone.(B) Higher-magnification image (400×) of the epiblast regions of the stained sections shown in (A).(C) Higher-magnification image (400×) showing the extraembryonic derived-chorionic ectoderm of the stained sections shown in (A). ce, chorionic ectoderm; cm, chorionic mesoderm. |
PMC1440874_pgen-0020058-g008_5152.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Escape from Imprinted Inactivation of the Paternally Inherited AtrxWT Allele in Carrier FemalesParaffin sections of wild-type (Atrx
WT/Y) and carrier female (Atrx
WT/null) 7.5 dpc embryos (dissected in their deciduas) were stained with the anti-ATRX antibody (H-300). Scale bars represent 200 μm (40× magnification) or 20 μm (400× magnification).(A) Stained sections showing whole embryos at 40× magnification. a, amnion; c, chorion; e, epiblast; ep, ectoplacental cone.(B) Higher-magnification image (400×) of the epiblast regions of the stained sections shown in (A).(C) Higher-magnification image (400×) showing the extraembryonic derived-chorionic ectoderm of the stained sections shown in (A). ce, chorionic ectoderm; cm, chorionic mesoderm. |
PMC1440941_pbio-0040138-g005_5158.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | The MHC II Locus Is Found within Other CTs upon IFN-γ Activation(A and B) A BAC probe for the MHC II locus (red) was cohybridized with a Chromosome 6 paint (green) in cryosections of control and IFN-γ activated MRC5 human lung fibroblasts (nuclear edge outlined by dotted line). Insets show the position of the MRC II locus (arrows) in relation to its CT (in gray scale) (A). The positions of the MRC II loci were scored into four different categories. Loci found “inside” or “looped out” were easily classified; loci near the edge of the CT were divided into “inner edge” and “outer edge,” depending on whether they appeared more internal or external in relation to the remainder of the CT. Upon IFN-γ activation, the MHC II locus relocates to a more external position in relation to its CT, when compared with control cells (B,
p = 0.02, two-tailed χ
2 test,
n = 118 and 117 loci for control and IFN-γ activated cells, respectively), as described before [
27]. Note that due to the flatness of fibroblast cells, nuclear profiles from random sections are often elongated.
(C–E) The MHC II BAC probe (red) was cohybridized with paints for Chromosomes 1 (C, green), 2 (D, green), 8, or 9 (not shown) and the number of MHC II loci found within each of these CTs was scored in both control and IFN-γ activated cells (E). Upon activation, the MHC II locus is more likely to be found within one of Chromosomes 1, 2, or 9, when compared with control cells (
p = 0.038, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from the three chromosomes), whereas no difference in association is detected if Chromosome 8 is included in the analysis (
p = 0.052, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from all four chromosomes).
|
PMC1440941_pbio-0040138-g005_5159.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | The MHC II Locus Is Found within Other CTs upon IFN-γ Activation(A and B) A BAC probe for the MHC II locus (red) was cohybridized with a Chromosome 6 paint (green) in cryosections of control and IFN-γ activated MRC5 human lung fibroblasts (nuclear edge outlined by dotted line). Insets show the position of the MRC II locus (arrows) in relation to its CT (in gray scale) (A). The positions of the MRC II loci were scored into four different categories. Loci found “inside” or “looped out” were easily classified; loci near the edge of the CT were divided into “inner edge” and “outer edge,” depending on whether they appeared more internal or external in relation to the remainder of the CT. Upon IFN-γ activation, the MHC II locus relocates to a more external position in relation to its CT, when compared with control cells (B,
p = 0.02, two-tailed χ
2 test,
n = 118 and 117 loci for control and IFN-γ activated cells, respectively), as described before [
27]. Note that due to the flatness of fibroblast cells, nuclear profiles from random sections are often elongated.
(C–E) The MHC II BAC probe (red) was cohybridized with paints for Chromosomes 1 (C, green), 2 (D, green), 8, or 9 (not shown) and the number of MHC II loci found within each of these CTs was scored in both control and IFN-γ activated cells (E). Upon activation, the MHC II locus is more likely to be found within one of Chromosomes 1, 2, or 9, when compared with control cells (
p = 0.038, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from the three chromosomes), whereas no difference in association is detected if Chromosome 8 is included in the analysis (
p = 0.052, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from all four chromosomes).
|
PMC1440941_pbio-0040138-g005_5155.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | The MHC II Locus Is Found within Other CTs upon IFN-γ Activation(A and B) A BAC probe for the MHC II locus (red) was cohybridized with a Chromosome 6 paint (green) in cryosections of control and IFN-γ activated MRC5 human lung fibroblasts (nuclear edge outlined by dotted line). Insets show the position of the MRC II locus (arrows) in relation to its CT (in gray scale) (A). The positions of the MRC II loci were scored into four different categories. Loci found “inside” or “looped out” were easily classified; loci near the edge of the CT were divided into “inner edge” and “outer edge,” depending on whether they appeared more internal or external in relation to the remainder of the CT. Upon IFN-γ activation, the MHC II locus relocates to a more external position in relation to its CT, when compared with control cells (B,
p = 0.02, two-tailed χ
2 test,
n = 118 and 117 loci for control and IFN-γ activated cells, respectively), as described before [
27]. Note that due to the flatness of fibroblast cells, nuclear profiles from random sections are often elongated.
(C–E) The MHC II BAC probe (red) was cohybridized with paints for Chromosomes 1 (C, green), 2 (D, green), 8, or 9 (not shown) and the number of MHC II loci found within each of these CTs was scored in both control and IFN-γ activated cells (E). Upon activation, the MHC II locus is more likely to be found within one of Chromosomes 1, 2, or 9, when compared with control cells (
p = 0.038, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from the three chromosomes), whereas no difference in association is detected if Chromosome 8 is included in the analysis (
p = 0.052, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from all four chromosomes).
|
PMC1440941_pbio-0040138-g005_5160.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | The MHC II Locus Is Found within Other CTs upon IFN-γ Activation(A and B) A BAC probe for the MHC II locus (red) was cohybridized with a Chromosome 6 paint (green) in cryosections of control and IFN-γ activated MRC5 human lung fibroblasts (nuclear edge outlined by dotted line). Insets show the position of the MRC II locus (arrows) in relation to its CT (in gray scale) (A). The positions of the MRC II loci were scored into four different categories. Loci found “inside” or “looped out” were easily classified; loci near the edge of the CT were divided into “inner edge” and “outer edge,” depending on whether they appeared more internal or external in relation to the remainder of the CT. Upon IFN-γ activation, the MHC II locus relocates to a more external position in relation to its CT, when compared with control cells (B,
p = 0.02, two-tailed χ
2 test,
n = 118 and 117 loci for control and IFN-γ activated cells, respectively), as described before [
27]. Note that due to the flatness of fibroblast cells, nuclear profiles from random sections are often elongated.
(C–E) The MHC II BAC probe (red) was cohybridized with paints for Chromosomes 1 (C, green), 2 (D, green), 8, or 9 (not shown) and the number of MHC II loci found within each of these CTs was scored in both control and IFN-γ activated cells (E). Upon activation, the MHC II locus is more likely to be found within one of Chromosomes 1, 2, or 9, when compared with control cells (
p = 0.038, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from the three chromosomes), whereas no difference in association is detected if Chromosome 8 is included in the analysis (
p = 0.052, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from all four chromosomes).
|
PMC1440941_pbio-0040138-g005_5164.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | The MHC II Locus Is Found within Other CTs upon IFN-γ Activation(A and B) A BAC probe for the MHC II locus (red) was cohybridized with a Chromosome 6 paint (green) in cryosections of control and IFN-γ activated MRC5 human lung fibroblasts (nuclear edge outlined by dotted line). Insets show the position of the MRC II locus (arrows) in relation to its CT (in gray scale) (A). The positions of the MRC II loci were scored into four different categories. Loci found “inside” or “looped out” were easily classified; loci near the edge of the CT were divided into “inner edge” and “outer edge,” depending on whether they appeared more internal or external in relation to the remainder of the CT. Upon IFN-γ activation, the MHC II locus relocates to a more external position in relation to its CT, when compared with control cells (B,
p = 0.02, two-tailed χ
2 test,
n = 118 and 117 loci for control and IFN-γ activated cells, respectively), as described before [
27]. Note that due to the flatness of fibroblast cells, nuclear profiles from random sections are often elongated.
(C–E) The MHC II BAC probe (red) was cohybridized with paints for Chromosomes 1 (C, green), 2 (D, green), 8, or 9 (not shown) and the number of MHC II loci found within each of these CTs was scored in both control and IFN-γ activated cells (E). Upon activation, the MHC II locus is more likely to be found within one of Chromosomes 1, 2, or 9, when compared with control cells (
p = 0.038, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from the three chromosomes), whereas no difference in association is detected if Chromosome 8 is included in the analysis (
p = 0.052, two-tailed Fisher's exact test using pooled data from all four chromosomes).
|
PMC1444914_F4_5170.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Sanguinarine transiently inhibits DNA synthesis. Control and drug-treated cells were pulsed with 10 μM BrdU for 30 minutes prior to fixation, and subsequently labeled with an antibody to BrdU (green) and counterstained with Hoechst (blue). (a and b) Note strong BrdU labeling of nuclei of S-phase cells. (c and d) Cells pulsed with BrdU 2 hours after the addition of 5 μM sanguinarine to the culture medium. Note the strong suppression of BrdU labeling. (e and f) Cells cultured in the presence of 5 μM sanguinarine for 24 hours prior to being pulsed with BrdU. Interestingly, a number of cells again display brightly labeled nuclei. |
PMC1444914_F4_5171.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Sanguinarine transiently inhibits DNA synthesis. Control and drug-treated cells were pulsed with 10 μM BrdU for 30 minutes prior to fixation, and subsequently labeled with an antibody to BrdU (green) and counterstained with Hoechst (blue). (a and b) Note strong BrdU labeling of nuclei of S-phase cells. (c and d) Cells pulsed with BrdU 2 hours after the addition of 5 μM sanguinarine to the culture medium. Note the strong suppression of BrdU labeling. (e and f) Cells cultured in the presence of 5 μM sanguinarine for 24 hours prior to being pulsed with BrdU. Interestingly, a number of cells again display brightly labeled nuclei. |
PMC1444914_F4_5166.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Sanguinarine transiently inhibits DNA synthesis. Control and drug-treated cells were pulsed with 10 μM BrdU for 30 minutes prior to fixation, and subsequently labeled with an antibody to BrdU (green) and counterstained with Hoechst (blue). (a and b) Note strong BrdU labeling of nuclei of S-phase cells. (c and d) Cells pulsed with BrdU 2 hours after the addition of 5 μM sanguinarine to the culture medium. Note the strong suppression of BrdU labeling. (e and f) Cells cultured in the presence of 5 μM sanguinarine for 24 hours prior to being pulsed with BrdU. Interestingly, a number of cells again display brightly labeled nuclei. |
PMC1444914_F4_5169.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Sanguinarine transiently inhibits DNA synthesis. Control and drug-treated cells were pulsed with 10 μM BrdU for 30 minutes prior to fixation, and subsequently labeled with an antibody to BrdU (green) and counterstained with Hoechst (blue). (a and b) Note strong BrdU labeling of nuclei of S-phase cells. (c and d) Cells pulsed with BrdU 2 hours after the addition of 5 μM sanguinarine to the culture medium. Note the strong suppression of BrdU labeling. (e and f) Cells cultured in the presence of 5 μM sanguinarine for 24 hours prior to being pulsed with BrdU. Interestingly, a number of cells again display brightly labeled nuclei. |
PMC1444914_F5_5175.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Vital imaging of sanguinarine uptake and distribution in MCF-7 cells by laser-scanning confocal microscopy. 5 μg/ml Hoechst and 10 μM sanguinarine were simultaneously added to living cultures and images taken with both blue (Hoechst) and red (sanguinarine) channels every 2 minutes for two hours. (a-c) Three frames from a time lapse movie (a, b and c = 6, 60, and 120 minutes after drug addition, respectively), showing Hoechst fluorescence. Using the Nikon C1 software, the average pixel intensities of circles encompassing approximately the central third of each of 10 nuclei were charted over time (d). Over this timecourse, Hoechst nuclear fluorescence progressively increases. (e-g) Three frames from the same time-lapse movie and same timepoints shown in (a-c), demonstrating that sanguinarine uptake and disposition differs from that of Hoechst. Nuclei are more rapidly labeled by sanginarine, but this signal is shorter-lived, and begins to noticeably diminish after a few hours (h). |
PMC1444914_F5_5178.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Vital imaging of sanguinarine uptake and distribution in MCF-7 cells by laser-scanning confocal microscopy. 5 μg/ml Hoechst and 10 μM sanguinarine were simultaneously added to living cultures and images taken with both blue (Hoechst) and red (sanguinarine) channels every 2 minutes for two hours. (a-c) Three frames from a time lapse movie (a, b and c = 6, 60, and 120 minutes after drug addition, respectively), showing Hoechst fluorescence. Using the Nikon C1 software, the average pixel intensities of circles encompassing approximately the central third of each of 10 nuclei were charted over time (d). Over this timecourse, Hoechst nuclear fluorescence progressively increases. (e-g) Three frames from the same time-lapse movie and same timepoints shown in (a-c), demonstrating that sanguinarine uptake and disposition differs from that of Hoechst. Nuclei are more rapidly labeled by sanginarine, but this signal is shorter-lived, and begins to noticeably diminish after a few hours (h). |
PMC1444914_F5_5176.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Vital imaging of sanguinarine uptake and distribution in MCF-7 cells by laser-scanning confocal microscopy. 5 μg/ml Hoechst and 10 μM sanguinarine were simultaneously added to living cultures and images taken with both blue (Hoechst) and red (sanguinarine) channels every 2 minutes for two hours. (a-c) Three frames from a time lapse movie (a, b and c = 6, 60, and 120 minutes after drug addition, respectively), showing Hoechst fluorescence. Using the Nikon C1 software, the average pixel intensities of circles encompassing approximately the central third of each of 10 nuclei were charted over time (d). Over this timecourse, Hoechst nuclear fluorescence progressively increases. (e-g) Three frames from the same time-lapse movie and same timepoints shown in (a-c), demonstrating that sanguinarine uptake and disposition differs from that of Hoechst. Nuclei are more rapidly labeled by sanginarine, but this signal is shorter-lived, and begins to noticeably diminish after a few hours (h). |
PMC1444914_F5_5177.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Vital imaging of sanguinarine uptake and distribution in MCF-7 cells by laser-scanning confocal microscopy. 5 μg/ml Hoechst and 10 μM sanguinarine were simultaneously added to living cultures and images taken with both blue (Hoechst) and red (sanguinarine) channels every 2 minutes for two hours. (a-c) Three frames from a time lapse movie (a, b and c = 6, 60, and 120 minutes after drug addition, respectively), showing Hoechst fluorescence. Using the Nikon C1 software, the average pixel intensities of circles encompassing approximately the central third of each of 10 nuclei were charted over time (d). Over this timecourse, Hoechst nuclear fluorescence progressively increases. (e-g) Three frames from the same time-lapse movie and same timepoints shown in (a-c), demonstrating that sanguinarine uptake and disposition differs from that of Hoechst. Nuclei are more rapidly labeled by sanginarine, but this signal is shorter-lived, and begins to noticeably diminish after a few hours (h). |
PMC1448185_F2_5182.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Alcian blue staining of deparaffinised sections of jejunum (A, B, C, magnification ×200) and ileum (D, E, F, magnification ×400) from wild type MF1 (A, D) and mutant F28 CF/1-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (B, E) and F27 CF/3-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (C, F) animals showed focal hypertrophy of goblet cells in the ileum of the two inbred CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu mutant mice. Goblet cell counts are given as percentage of all epithelial cells. From each strain two mice and three sections/mouse were counted. Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 22.7% ± 2.3 (p = 0.112, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 23% ± 2.8 (p = 0.172, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 16.8% ± 1.2. The jejunal sections of the same mice did not show any signs of goblet cell hypertrophy and were similar to wild type MF1 (Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 7.4% ± 0.4 (p = 0.18, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 8.5% ± 1.2 (p = 0.77, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 8.8% ± 0.7. |
PMC1448185_F2_5185.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Alcian blue staining of deparaffinised sections of jejunum (A, B, C, magnification ×200) and ileum (D, E, F, magnification ×400) from wild type MF1 (A, D) and mutant F28 CF/1-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (B, E) and F27 CF/3-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (C, F) animals showed focal hypertrophy of goblet cells in the ileum of the two inbred CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu mutant mice. Goblet cell counts are given as percentage of all epithelial cells. From each strain two mice and three sections/mouse were counted. Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 22.7% ± 2.3 (p = 0.112, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 23% ± 2.8 (p = 0.172, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 16.8% ± 1.2. The jejunal sections of the same mice did not show any signs of goblet cell hypertrophy and were similar to wild type MF1 (Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 7.4% ± 0.4 (p = 0.18, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 8.5% ± 1.2 (p = 0.77, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 8.8% ± 0.7. |
PMC1448185_F2_5183.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Alcian blue staining of deparaffinised sections of jejunum (A, B, C, magnification ×200) and ileum (D, E, F, magnification ×400) from wild type MF1 (A, D) and mutant F28 CF/1-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (B, E) and F27 CF/3-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (C, F) animals showed focal hypertrophy of goblet cells in the ileum of the two inbred CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu mutant mice. Goblet cell counts are given as percentage of all epithelial cells. From each strain two mice and three sections/mouse were counted. Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 22.7% ± 2.3 (p = 0.112, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 23% ± 2.8 (p = 0.172, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 16.8% ± 1.2. The jejunal sections of the same mice did not show any signs of goblet cell hypertrophy and were similar to wild type MF1 (Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 7.4% ± 0.4 (p = 0.18, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 8.5% ± 1.2 (p = 0.77, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 8.8% ± 0.7. |
PMC1448185_F2_5181.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Alcian blue staining of deparaffinised sections of jejunum (A, B, C, magnification ×200) and ileum (D, E, F, magnification ×400) from wild type MF1 (A, D) and mutant F28 CF/1-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (B, E) and F27 CF/3-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (C, F) animals showed focal hypertrophy of goblet cells in the ileum of the two inbred CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu mutant mice. Goblet cell counts are given as percentage of all epithelial cells. From each strain two mice and three sections/mouse were counted. Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 22.7% ± 2.3 (p = 0.112, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 23% ± 2.8 (p = 0.172, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 16.8% ± 1.2. The jejunal sections of the same mice did not show any signs of goblet cell hypertrophy and were similar to wild type MF1 (Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 7.4% ± 0.4 (p = 0.18, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 8.5% ± 1.2 (p = 0.77, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 8.8% ± 0.7. |
PMC1448185_F2_5180.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Alcian blue staining of deparaffinised sections of jejunum (A, B, C, magnification ×200) and ileum (D, E, F, magnification ×400) from wild type MF1 (A, D) and mutant F28 CF/1-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (B, E) and F27 CF/3-CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu (C, F) animals showed focal hypertrophy of goblet cells in the ileum of the two inbred CftrTgH(neoim)Hgu mutant mice. Goblet cell counts are given as percentage of all epithelial cells. From each strain two mice and three sections/mouse were counted. Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 22.7% ± 2.3 (p = 0.112, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 23% ± 2.8 (p = 0.172, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 16.8% ± 1.2. The jejunal sections of the same mice did not show any signs of goblet cell hypertrophy and were similar to wild type MF1 (Goblet cell count: CF/1 = 7.4% ± 0.4 (p = 0.18, p-value CF/1 compared to MF1), CF/3 = 8.5% ± 1.2 (p = 0.77, p-value CF/3 compared to MF1), MF1 = 8.8% ± 0.7. |
PMC1448201_F2_5190.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Immunohistochemical staining patterns of canine cutaneous MCTs staining with anti-KIT antibodies. A. KIT staining pattern 1: peri-membrane KIT protein localization; B. KIT staining pattern 2: focal or stippled cytoplasmic KIT protein localization; C. KIT staining pattern 3: Diffuse cytoplasmic KIT localization. Canine MCTs with KIT staining patterns 2 and 3 that lacked ITD c-KIT mutations were screened for mutations in c-KIT exon 17. B and C show MCTs with aberrant KIT localization that lack ITD c-KIT mutations. |
PMC1448201_F2_5188.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Immunohistochemical staining patterns of canine cutaneous MCTs staining with anti-KIT antibodies. A. KIT staining pattern 1: peri-membrane KIT protein localization; B. KIT staining pattern 2: focal or stippled cytoplasmic KIT protein localization; C. KIT staining pattern 3: Diffuse cytoplasmic KIT localization. Canine MCTs with KIT staining patterns 2 and 3 that lacked ITD c-KIT mutations were screened for mutations in c-KIT exon 17. B and C show MCTs with aberrant KIT localization that lack ITD c-KIT mutations. |
PMC1448201_F2_5189.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Immunohistochemical staining patterns of canine cutaneous MCTs staining with anti-KIT antibodies. A. KIT staining pattern 1: peri-membrane KIT protein localization; B. KIT staining pattern 2: focal or stippled cytoplasmic KIT protein localization; C. KIT staining pattern 3: Diffuse cytoplasmic KIT localization. Canine MCTs with KIT staining patterns 2 and 3 that lacked ITD c-KIT mutations were screened for mutations in c-KIT exon 17. B and C show MCTs with aberrant KIT localization that lack ITD c-KIT mutations. |
PMC1448204_F1_5191.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5193.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5203.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5199.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5196.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5198.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5194.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5197.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5202.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F1_5200.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Changes in morphology during hormonal treatments at days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30: Dex-induced changes in architecture were evident as early as d5 and persisted to d30. RA-induced changes were also evident at d5, continued to d15, but had reversed at d30. Concomitant Dex and RA administration resulted in septation similar to that of controls between d10 and d15 with continued normal appearance at d30. Dex: Dexamethasone. RA: all-trans-retinoic acid, (all images 40× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F2_5208.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Days 15 (top) and 30 (bottom) histology: A simplified distal architecture was seen in Dex-treated animals at both days. At d15, RA-treated pups had smaller more numerous alveoli, but these changes were no longer seen at d30. Dex + RA treatment resulted in a restitution of septation to near that of saline controls at both days, (all images 100× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F2_5209.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Days 15 (top) and 30 (bottom) histology: A simplified distal architecture was seen in Dex-treated animals at both days. At d15, RA-treated pups had smaller more numerous alveoli, but these changes were no longer seen at d30. Dex + RA treatment resulted in a restitution of septation to near that of saline controls at both days, (all images 100× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F2_5207.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Days 15 (top) and 30 (bottom) histology: A simplified distal architecture was seen in Dex-treated animals at both days. At d15, RA-treated pups had smaller more numerous alveoli, but these changes were no longer seen at d30. Dex + RA treatment resulted in a restitution of septation to near that of saline controls at both days, (all images 100× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F2_5212.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Days 15 (top) and 30 (bottom) histology: A simplified distal architecture was seen in Dex-treated animals at both days. At d15, RA-treated pups had smaller more numerous alveoli, but these changes were no longer seen at d30. Dex + RA treatment resulted in a restitution of septation to near that of saline controls at both days, (all images 100× magnification) |
PMC1448204_F2_5210.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Days 15 (top) and 30 (bottom) histology: A simplified distal architecture was seen in Dex-treated animals at both days. At d15, RA-treated pups had smaller more numerous alveoli, but these changes were no longer seen at d30. Dex + RA treatment resulted in a restitution of septation to near that of saline controls at both days, (all images 100× magnification) |
PMC1448691_fig8_5226.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448691_fig8_5228.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448691_fig8_5232.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448691_fig8_5235.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448691_fig8_5224.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448691_fig8_5233.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448691_fig8_5231.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | a–c, Keratin+ ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a pelvic mass from a 37-year-old female. a, The growth pattern suggests an epithelial process.b, The large cells strongly express pan keratin (KL1); epithelial membrane antigen is positive and CD45 and T-cell antigens and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements are negative (not shown). Ultrastructural features are compatible with lymphoma. c,
ALK present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Case contributed by L. Donner, Temple, TX, USA (B4).13
d–f,
ALK+ primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma presenting as a 30-mm tender thigh nodule in a 26-year-old male (Images case 89,A1). d, Sheets of large pleomorphic lymphocytes are present throughout the dermis. Many cells have a hallmark appearance with folded indented nuclei.e, The cells strongly express membrane and cytoplasmic (Golgi, dot-like) CD30. f, The cells have strong nuclear and cytoplasmic ALK expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed translocation of the ALK gene. Careful staging and follow-up at 9 months showed no other evidence of disease. (Case contributed by B. Kim, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).g–i,
ALK+ primary CNS anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old HIV– male (Images case 90,B9). g, Sheets of dysplastic large lymphocytes diffusely infiltrate the brain. h, The tumour cells have cytoplasmic and some nuclear ALK expression and are CD30+ (not shown). i, CD56 is present in the tumour cells. (Case contributed by Robert F. Bradley and Michael W. Beaty, Winston Salem, NC, USA.)j–k,
ALK– anaplastic large-cell lymphoma arising in the fibrous capsule surrounding a breast implant in a 49-year-old female (Images case 91,D11). k, Sheets of large tumour cells are present. l, The tumour cells are strongly CD30+ with a membrane and Golgi pattern of immunoreactivity. (Case contributed by Daphne de Jong, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). |
PMC1448699_fig5_5214.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Shown are magnetic resonance images highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of spin echo and gradient echo pulse sequences. All images were collected from the same animal over the same imaging session. Susceptibility artifact is very pronounced in the substantia nigra (SN); and ventral tegmental area (VTA). S/N, Signal-to-Noise ratio (28). |
PMC1448699_fig5_5218.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Shown are magnetic resonance images highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of spin echo and gradient echo pulse sequences. All images were collected from the same animal over the same imaging session. Susceptibility artifact is very pronounced in the substantia nigra (SN); and ventral tegmental area (VTA). S/N, Signal-to-Noise ratio (28). |
PMC1448699_fig5_5213.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Shown are magnetic resonance images highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of spin echo and gradient echo pulse sequences. All images were collected from the same animal over the same imaging session. Susceptibility artifact is very pronounced in the substantia nigra (SN); and ventral tegmental area (VTA). S/N, Signal-to-Noise ratio (28). |
PMC1448699_fig5_5215.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Shown are magnetic resonance images highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of spin echo and gradient echo pulse sequences. All images were collected from the same animal over the same imaging session. Susceptibility artifact is very pronounced in the substantia nigra (SN); and ventral tegmental area (VTA). S/N, Signal-to-Noise ratio (28). |
PMC1448699_fig7_5223.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Schematic diagram showing arterial spin labelling procedure and image processing. (a) Control image. (b) Image acquired with arterial spin labelling. (c) Label/Control − 1. (d) False coloured overlay of blood flow. Note the enhanced blood flow to the cortex as compared to subcortical areas. Legend scale 0 ± 12%. |
PMC1448699_fig7_5221.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Schematic diagram showing arterial spin labelling procedure and image processing. (a) Control image. (b) Image acquired with arterial spin labelling. (c) Label/Control − 1. (d) False coloured overlay of blood flow. Note the enhanced blood flow to the cortex as compared to subcortical areas. Legend scale 0 ± 12%. |
PMC1448699_fig7_5222.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Schematic diagram showing arterial spin labelling procedure and image processing. (a) Control image. (b) Image acquired with arterial spin labelling. (c) Label/Control − 1. (d) False coloured overlay of blood flow. Note the enhanced blood flow to the cortex as compared to subcortical areas. Legend scale 0 ± 12%. |
PMC1448699_fig11_5239.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Three-dimensional activational map showing that pup suckling activates the reward system in lactating dams. Upper left picture is a translucent shell of the brain viewed from a dorsal perspective showing colour coded volumes of interest (VOIs) corresponding to anatomical geometries of the mesocorticolimbic and nigro-striatal dopamine systems. Colours have been melded into a single functional VOI (yellow) showing localisation of positive (red) and negative (blue) BOLD signal changes with pup stimulation. The top left brain (below the colour coded shell) includes both dopamine systems while the bottom left brain has masked the caudate/putamen and substantia nigra comprising the nigro-striatal dopamine system revealing the mesocorticolimbic or reward system. Pictures on the right hand side are the corresponding negative BOLD images for each functional volume, respectively. The middle columns show traditional activation maps of contiguous brain sections with labelled regions of interest (37). |
PMC1448699_fig11_5243.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Three-dimensional activational map showing that pup suckling activates the reward system in lactating dams. Upper left picture is a translucent shell of the brain viewed from a dorsal perspective showing colour coded volumes of interest (VOIs) corresponding to anatomical geometries of the mesocorticolimbic and nigro-striatal dopamine systems. Colours have been melded into a single functional VOI (yellow) showing localisation of positive (red) and negative (blue) BOLD signal changes with pup stimulation. The top left brain (below the colour coded shell) includes both dopamine systems while the bottom left brain has masked the caudate/putamen and substantia nigra comprising the nigro-striatal dopamine system revealing the mesocorticolimbic or reward system. Pictures on the right hand side are the corresponding negative BOLD images for each functional volume, respectively. The middle columns show traditional activation maps of contiguous brain sections with labelled regions of interest (37). |
PMC1448699_fig12_5236.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Shown in the background is a graphical interface with both image and geometry data displayed. The left displays are magnetic resonance (MR) imaging image data from a rat brain. The lower right display is geometry-based two-dimensional display of a segmented rat brain corresponding to the registered rat brain image in the lower left corner. The upper right display is a three-dimensional view of the geometry-based rat brain shell. Superimposed within the shell are the MR image on the left and the segmented slice from the bottom of the display. Shown in the lower right is an MR image of a rat brain slice registered to a cross section of the fully segmented atlas. |
PMC1448699_fig12_5238.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Shown in the background is a graphical interface with both image and geometry data displayed. The left displays are magnetic resonance (MR) imaging image data from a rat brain. The lower right display is geometry-based two-dimensional display of a segmented rat brain corresponding to the registered rat brain image in the lower left corner. The upper right display is a three-dimensional view of the geometry-based rat brain shell. Superimposed within the shell are the MR image on the left and the segmented slice from the bottom of the display. Shown in the lower right is an MR image of a rat brain slice registered to a cross section of the fully segmented atlas. |
PMC1448699_fig12_5237.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Shown in the background is a graphical interface with both image and geometry data displayed. The left displays are magnetic resonance (MR) imaging image data from a rat brain. The lower right display is geometry-based two-dimensional display of a segmented rat brain corresponding to the registered rat brain image in the lower left corner. The upper right display is a three-dimensional view of the geometry-based rat brain shell. Superimposed within the shell are the MR image on the left and the segmented slice from the bottom of the display. Shown in the lower right is an MR image of a rat brain slice registered to a cross section of the fully segmented atlas. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5244.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5247.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5250.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5249.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5246.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5248.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5251.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g001_5245.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Comparison of Virtual and Paraffin Histology of an E11.5 Embryo Scanned at 8 μm(A) Isosurface renderings of the CT-scanned embryo.(B) Maximum intensity projection of the same embryo, with overlying places of section.(C–E) Sagittal, coronal, and axial sections of an E11.5 littermate.(F–H) Sagittal, coronal, and axial computed tomography sections of the embryo in panels (A) and (B), corresponding to the planes of section in panels (C–E). At low-power magnification, virtual and true paraffin histology demonstrate a similar level of detail. Scale bar indicates 400 μm.a, cardiac atrium; cv, cardinal vein; drg, dorsal root ganglia; fv, forebrain vesicle; liv, liver; nt, neural tube; v, cardiac ventricle; v4, fourth ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g003_5262.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Comparison of High-Resolution (8 μm) and More Rapid (27 μm) Virtual Histology Techniques(A–D) Wild-type E12.5 embryo scanned at 8-μm resolution. (A) Orientation of the planes of section. (B) Sagittal plane. (C) Coronal plane. (D) Axial plane.(E–H) The same embryo as in (A–D), scanned by a more rapid protocol at 27-μm resolution. Most of the features present at 8-μm resolution are also appreciable at the lower 27-μm resolution.(I–P) Comparison of segmentation analysis of cardiac chambers for the 8-μm and 27-μm scans, respectively. The right atrium is teal, the right ventricle is blue, the left atrium is pink, the left ventricle is red, and the cardiac wall is transparent grey. A region of the right atrium that could not be segmented on the 27-μm scan is shown with a white asterisk (*).Scale bars in panels (B) and (F) represent 1.2 mm. Movies of sagittal, coronal, and axial planes corresponding to panels (B–D) are presented as Videos S1, S2, and S3.a, cardiac atrium; cc, central canal of the neural tube; fl, forelimb; sc, semicircular canal; v, cardiac ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g003_5254.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Comparison of High-Resolution (8 μm) and More Rapid (27 μm) Virtual Histology Techniques(A–D) Wild-type E12.5 embryo scanned at 8-μm resolution. (A) Orientation of the planes of section. (B) Sagittal plane. (C) Coronal plane. (D) Axial plane.(E–H) The same embryo as in (A–D), scanned by a more rapid protocol at 27-μm resolution. Most of the features present at 8-μm resolution are also appreciable at the lower 27-μm resolution.(I–P) Comparison of segmentation analysis of cardiac chambers for the 8-μm and 27-μm scans, respectively. The right atrium is teal, the right ventricle is blue, the left atrium is pink, the left ventricle is red, and the cardiac wall is transparent grey. A region of the right atrium that could not be segmented on the 27-μm scan is shown with a white asterisk (*).Scale bars in panels (B) and (F) represent 1.2 mm. Movies of sagittal, coronal, and axial planes corresponding to panels (B–D) are presented as Videos S1, S2, and S3.a, cardiac atrium; cc, central canal of the neural tube; fl, forelimb; sc, semicircular canal; v, cardiac ventricle. |
PMC1449902_pgen-0020061-g003_5257.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Comparison of High-Resolution (8 μm) and More Rapid (27 μm) Virtual Histology Techniques(A–D) Wild-type E12.5 embryo scanned at 8-μm resolution. (A) Orientation of the planes of section. (B) Sagittal plane. (C) Coronal plane. (D) Axial plane.(E–H) The same embryo as in (A–D), scanned by a more rapid protocol at 27-μm resolution. Most of the features present at 8-μm resolution are also appreciable at the lower 27-μm resolution.(I–P) Comparison of segmentation analysis of cardiac chambers for the 8-μm and 27-μm scans, respectively. The right atrium is teal, the right ventricle is blue, the left atrium is pink, the left ventricle is red, and the cardiac wall is transparent grey. A region of the right atrium that could not be segmented on the 27-μm scan is shown with a white asterisk (*).Scale bars in panels (B) and (F) represent 1.2 mm. Movies of sagittal, coronal, and axial planes corresponding to panels (B–D) are presented as Videos S1, S2, and S3.a, cardiac atrium; cc, central canal of the neural tube; fl, forelimb; sc, semicircular canal; v, cardiac ventricle. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.