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PMC1488832_F4_5948.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is observed confined to T-bet+ cells and active caspase-3+ cells in MS lesions. A) In acute lesions (AL) in MS brain, prominent T-bet+ cells were found in small infiltrates scattered throughout the white matter of parietal lobe. IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed at similar locations within the lesion. DAPI staining indicates that the immunostaining is localized to mononuclear cells. The merged image shows that IL-16 immunoreactivity co-localizes to some T-bet+ cells. The image on the far right shows enlarged detail from the merged image (at arrows), where IL-16 confined to T-bet+ cells (at arrows) can be better appreciated. It also shows a T-bet+ cell, which is IL-16- (arrowhead), and a T-bet-, IL-16- cell (asterisk). B) In an AL of lumbar spinal cord, intense immunostaining for IL-16 and for active caspase-3 is seen in dense perivenular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the white matter. A detail from the merged image (at arrows) is shown in the far right image. Most infiltrating cells exhibit a nuclear pattern of immunostaining for active caspase-3. Some of these active caspse-3+ cells are IL-16+ (at arrows). Note the distinct patterns of IL-16 and active caspase-3 immunostaining. While IL-16 nuclear immunostaining is observed occasionally (asterisk), more often it appears as cytoplasmic or membrane-bound immunostaining, or as secreted product adjacent to cells (at arrows). IL-16 was found frequently between adjoining mononuclear cells (arrowhead). Two color fluorescence × 60. |
PMC1488832_F4_5954.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is observed confined to T-bet+ cells and active caspase-3+ cells in MS lesions. A) In acute lesions (AL) in MS brain, prominent T-bet+ cells were found in small infiltrates scattered throughout the white matter of parietal lobe. IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed at similar locations within the lesion. DAPI staining indicates that the immunostaining is localized to mononuclear cells. The merged image shows that IL-16 immunoreactivity co-localizes to some T-bet+ cells. The image on the far right shows enlarged detail from the merged image (at arrows), where IL-16 confined to T-bet+ cells (at arrows) can be better appreciated. It also shows a T-bet+ cell, which is IL-16- (arrowhead), and a T-bet-, IL-16- cell (asterisk). B) In an AL of lumbar spinal cord, intense immunostaining for IL-16 and for active caspase-3 is seen in dense perivenular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the white matter. A detail from the merged image (at arrows) is shown in the far right image. Most infiltrating cells exhibit a nuclear pattern of immunostaining for active caspase-3. Some of these active caspse-3+ cells are IL-16+ (at arrows). Note the distinct patterns of IL-16 and active caspase-3 immunostaining. While IL-16 nuclear immunostaining is observed occasionally (asterisk), more often it appears as cytoplasmic or membrane-bound immunostaining, or as secreted product adjacent to cells (at arrows). IL-16 was found frequently between adjoining mononuclear cells (arrowhead). Two color fluorescence × 60. |
PMC1488832_F4_5955.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is observed confined to T-bet+ cells and active caspase-3+ cells in MS lesions. A) In acute lesions (AL) in MS brain, prominent T-bet+ cells were found in small infiltrates scattered throughout the white matter of parietal lobe. IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed at similar locations within the lesion. DAPI staining indicates that the immunostaining is localized to mononuclear cells. The merged image shows that IL-16 immunoreactivity co-localizes to some T-bet+ cells. The image on the far right shows enlarged detail from the merged image (at arrows), where IL-16 confined to T-bet+ cells (at arrows) can be better appreciated. It also shows a T-bet+ cell, which is IL-16- (arrowhead), and a T-bet-, IL-16- cell (asterisk). B) In an AL of lumbar spinal cord, intense immunostaining for IL-16 and for active caspase-3 is seen in dense perivenular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the white matter. A detail from the merged image (at arrows) is shown in the far right image. Most infiltrating cells exhibit a nuclear pattern of immunostaining for active caspase-3. Some of these active caspse-3+ cells are IL-16+ (at arrows). Note the distinct patterns of IL-16 and active caspase-3 immunostaining. While IL-16 nuclear immunostaining is observed occasionally (asterisk), more often it appears as cytoplasmic or membrane-bound immunostaining, or as secreted product adjacent to cells (at arrows). IL-16 was found frequently between adjoining mononuclear cells (arrowhead). Two color fluorescence × 60. |
PMC1488832_F6_5943.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488832_F6_5946.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488832_F6_5940.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488832_F6_5939.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488832_F6_5945.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488832_F6_5944.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488832_F6_5942.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | IL-16 immunoreactivity is present in occasional infiltrating lymphocytes adjacent to degenerate axonal cytoskeletons, in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). A) Occasional IL-16-positive CD3+ T cells were observed around small venules in NAWM adjacent to acute lesions in spinal cord (at arrows). B) Note degenerate axonal neurofilaments [NF(M+H)P], which appear rounded, ballooned and irregularly shaped (at arrows). Some IL-16 immunoreactivity was observed in the proximity of axons, either confined to or adjacent to sparse infiltrating mononuclear cells (merged image, arrows). Note that IL-16 does not co-localize with axonal neurofilament. Two color fluorescence × 40. |
PMC1488836_F1_5937.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Arterial territories of the middle (MCA) and anterior (ACA) cerebral arteries. a. Coronal view, b. Axial view. |
PMC1488836_F1_5938.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Arterial territories of the middle (MCA) and anterior (ACA) cerebral arteries. a. Coronal view, b. Axial view. |
PMC1488855_F1_5957.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Histological examination of the skin biopsy sample demonstrating typical aspects of BA; clusters of foamy macrophages were also observed in the dermis, mixed with the histological features of BA. |
PMC1488855_F3_5956.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Immunohistochemical examination using anti-CMV monoclonal mouse antibody was positive (indicated by an arrow). |
PMC1488857_F1_5958.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | AP lumbar spine radiograph for patient #1. This film was interpreted as normal. |
PMC1488857_F3_5968.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F3_5969.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F3_5964.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F3_5961.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F3_5970.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F3_5966.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F3_5967.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Radionuclide bone scan of lumbar spine for patient #1. This scan of the lumbar spine demonstrates only minimally increased uptake at the L3 vertebral level, primarily in the vertebral body, but also possibly in the region of the pedicles. |
PMC1488857_F5_5959.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | PA chest radiograph for patient #2. This film was interpreted as normal. |
PMC1489925_F4_5973.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5971.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5974.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5975.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5978.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5972.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5976.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489925_F4_5977.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Gene delivery to embryonic intestine. (A) and (B) DsRed expression 24 hours after GeneJuice transfection (DsRed is here coloured green to permit direct comparison with the images in the rest of the figure). There is no expression of DsRed in the epithelium (E-cadherin, red). (C) and (D) Electroporation of pcDNA3nucGFP2 into the intestine. GFP is visualised predominantly in the mesenchyme after 24 hours culture. (E) and (F) Infection of intestine explants with Ad-CMV-LacZ adenoviral vector. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green 48 hours after infection. (G) and (H) Pretreatment of intestinal explants with dispase substantially enhances adenoviral-mediated gene delivery to the epithelium. E-cadherin is shown in red and β-galactosidase in green. Representative cultures are shown for each regime. Scale bars = 100 μm A, C-E, G; 20 μm B, F, H. |
PMC1489931_F1_5982.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Pollen tube targeting in vitro.(a) Diagram of a pollinated pistil within an A. thaliana flower. After reaching the stigma (si), pollen (p) extends a tube through the style (st) to reach the transmitting tract (tt) before entering one of the two ovary (ov) chambers to target an ovule. (b) Upon reaching the ovule, the pollen tube (pt, green) either grows up the funiculus (f) or makes a sharp turn towards the micropyle (m) and enters the ovule. Within the ovule, the pollen tube navigates towards the female gametophyte (gray) encased by outer (o) and inner (i) integuments, lyses within one of the two synergid (s) cells that flank an egg cell (e). Upon lysis, one sperm fertilizes the egg cell to form the zygote and the other fuses with the central cell (c) to form the endosperm. The number of pollen tubes drawn is for illustration purposes only and does not reflect the quantity typically observed in an assay. (c) Merged fluorescent and bright field images depicting the final stages of in vitro pollen tube growth. GFP-tagged pollen tubes make a committed turn (arrows) before entering a virgin ovule and lysing (arrow heads). (d) Diagram and (e) merged fluorescent and bright field image of in vitro pollen tube guidance assay. Pollen tubes emerge from the cut portion of the pistil, travel across the agarose medium before entering the excised ovules. Fluorescent green spot within ovules mark successful pollen tube targeting. Scale bars, 100 μm. |
PMC1489931_F1_5979.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Pollen tube targeting in vitro.(a) Diagram of a pollinated pistil within an A. thaliana flower. After reaching the stigma (si), pollen (p) extends a tube through the style (st) to reach the transmitting tract (tt) before entering one of the two ovary (ov) chambers to target an ovule. (b) Upon reaching the ovule, the pollen tube (pt, green) either grows up the funiculus (f) or makes a sharp turn towards the micropyle (m) and enters the ovule. Within the ovule, the pollen tube navigates towards the female gametophyte (gray) encased by outer (o) and inner (i) integuments, lyses within one of the two synergid (s) cells that flank an egg cell (e). Upon lysis, one sperm fertilizes the egg cell to form the zygote and the other fuses with the central cell (c) to form the endosperm. The number of pollen tubes drawn is for illustration purposes only and does not reflect the quantity typically observed in an assay. (c) Merged fluorescent and bright field images depicting the final stages of in vitro pollen tube growth. GFP-tagged pollen tubes make a committed turn (arrows) before entering a virgin ovule and lysing (arrow heads). (d) Diagram and (e) merged fluorescent and bright field image of in vitro pollen tube guidance assay. Pollen tubes emerge from the cut portion of the pistil, travel across the agarose medium before entering the excised ovules. Fluorescent green spot within ovules mark successful pollen tube targeting. Scale bars, 100 μm. |
PMC1489931_F1_5981.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Pollen tube targeting in vitro.(a) Diagram of a pollinated pistil within an A. thaliana flower. After reaching the stigma (si), pollen (p) extends a tube through the style (st) to reach the transmitting tract (tt) before entering one of the two ovary (ov) chambers to target an ovule. (b) Upon reaching the ovule, the pollen tube (pt, green) either grows up the funiculus (f) or makes a sharp turn towards the micropyle (m) and enters the ovule. Within the ovule, the pollen tube navigates towards the female gametophyte (gray) encased by outer (o) and inner (i) integuments, lyses within one of the two synergid (s) cells that flank an egg cell (e). Upon lysis, one sperm fertilizes the egg cell to form the zygote and the other fuses with the central cell (c) to form the endosperm. The number of pollen tubes drawn is for illustration purposes only and does not reflect the quantity typically observed in an assay. (c) Merged fluorescent and bright field images depicting the final stages of in vitro pollen tube growth. GFP-tagged pollen tubes make a committed turn (arrows) before entering a virgin ovule and lysing (arrow heads). (d) Diagram and (e) merged fluorescent and bright field image of in vitro pollen tube guidance assay. Pollen tubes emerge from the cut portion of the pistil, travel across the agarose medium before entering the excised ovules. Fluorescent green spot within ovules mark successful pollen tube targeting. Scale bars, 100 μm. |
PMC1500997_F4_5984.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Electron micrographs. (a) negatively-stained herpesvirus-like naked nucleocapsid isolated from placenta sample of an infected immunosuppressed rat of 17-day pregnancy (D; day 21 p.i., × 168k), and (b) ultrathin sectioned placenta of the same rat (D; day 21 p.i.) showing enveloped virions with light capsid (thick arrow) and hollow core (thin arrow) present adjacently to nucleus and mitochondria (× 63k). All bar markers represent 100 nm. |
PMC1500997_F4_5985.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Electron micrographs. (a) negatively-stained herpesvirus-like naked nucleocapsid isolated from placenta sample of an infected immunosuppressed rat of 17-day pregnancy (D; day 21 p.i., × 168k), and (b) ultrathin sectioned placenta of the same rat (D; day 21 p.i.) showing enveloped virions with light capsid (thick arrow) and hollow core (thin arrow) present adjacently to nucleus and mitochondria (× 63k). All bar markers represent 100 nm. |
PMC1501057_F4_5994.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | GIM can mediate phagocytosis. Cells were incubated with opsonized fluorescent beads and analyzed using fluorescence microscopy at 20× magnification. A, GIM containing phagocytosed beads. B, Control tumor cell that has fluorescent beads sticking to the surface but not internalized. Cells were analyzed through a z-stack to determine whether the beads were internalized or merely on the surface. |
PMC1501057_F4_5993.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | GIM can mediate phagocytosis. Cells were incubated with opsonized fluorescent beads and analyzed using fluorescence microscopy at 20× magnification. A, GIM containing phagocytosed beads. B, Control tumor cell that has fluorescent beads sticking to the surface but not internalized. Cells were analyzed through a z-stack to determine whether the beads were internalized or merely on the surface. |
PMC1501060_F1_5995.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Photomicrographs of HOPE-fixed tissues, deparaffinized and stained with cresyl violet (both 100× magnification). Sections were subjected to LMPC utilizing a PALM MicroBeam system. A: Pulmonary carcinoma with the area subjected for LMPC marked. B: Pulmonary carcinoma with the area subjected for LMPC microdissected and transferred to a microfuge tube by pressure catapulting. |
PMC1501060_F1_5996.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Photomicrographs of HOPE-fixed tissues, deparaffinized and stained with cresyl violet (both 100× magnification). Sections were subjected to LMPC utilizing a PALM MicroBeam system. A: Pulmonary carcinoma with the area subjected for LMPC marked. B: Pulmonary carcinoma with the area subjected for LMPC microdissected and transferred to a microfuge tube by pressure catapulting. |
PMC1501076_F3_5999.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | M-mode echocardiography of AF. Flutter contractions of the atrium are indicated by the small arrows; atrioventricular conduction is 2:1 and ventricular contractions are indicated by the large arrows. |
PMC1501076_F3_6000.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | M-mode echocardiography of AF. Flutter contractions of the atrium are indicated by the small arrows; atrioventricular conduction is 2:1 and ventricular contractions are indicated by the large arrows. |
PMC1501076_F5.1_6005.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | M-mode echocardiography of a SVT with a short VA interval. First white line placed on the peak excursion of the left atrium wall, second line placed on the peak excursion of the right ventricle wall, third line on the consecutive peak atrial wall excursion. The AV interval is markedly longer than the VA interval. |
PMC1501076_F5.1_6003.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | M-mode echocardiography of a SVT with a short VA interval. First white line placed on the peak excursion of the left atrium wall, second line placed on the peak excursion of the right ventricle wall, third line on the consecutive peak atrial wall excursion. The AV interval is markedly longer than the VA interval. |
PMC1501076_F5.2_6002.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | M-mode echocardiography of a SVT with a long VA interval |
PMC1501076_F5.2_6001.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | M-mode echocardiography of a SVT with a long VA interval |
PMC1501102_F4_6009.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | (A) Isopotential maps showing the activation sequence (frame 1 to 6) of counterclockwise upper loop reentry in the right posterior oblique view. Color scale for each isopotential map has been set so that white indicates most negative potential and blue indicates least negative potential. The activation wave front propagates down the anterolateral right atrium (RA) near the superior vena cava (SVC) (frame 1) to the middle and inferior anterolateral RA (frame 2), then splits into two wavefronts (frame 3); one passes around the area of functional block, and the other passes through the cavotricuspid isthmus. The wavefront in the lateral RA continue through the gap in the crista terminalis (CT) (frame 4) to the superior posterior RA (frame 5) and activates the atrial wall surrounding the SVC before reactivation of anterolateral RA once again. (B) The virtual electrograms from the area of functional block (virtual 11 to 15) and the CT (virtual 16 to 20) including the conduction gap (virtual 16 to 18) demonstrate double potentials. The numbers 1 to 6 represent the time points at which the isopotential maps have been displayed in A. IVC = inferior vena cava. (Reproduced from Tai CT, Huang JL, Lin YK, et al. Noncontact three-dimensional mapping and ablation of upper loop reentry originating in the right atrium. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:746-753, with permission from the American College of Cardiology Foundation.) |
PMC1501102_F4_6006.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | (A) Isopotential maps showing the activation sequence (frame 1 to 6) of counterclockwise upper loop reentry in the right posterior oblique view. Color scale for each isopotential map has been set so that white indicates most negative potential and blue indicates least negative potential. The activation wave front propagates down the anterolateral right atrium (RA) near the superior vena cava (SVC) (frame 1) to the middle and inferior anterolateral RA (frame 2), then splits into two wavefronts (frame 3); one passes around the area of functional block, and the other passes through the cavotricuspid isthmus. The wavefront in the lateral RA continue through the gap in the crista terminalis (CT) (frame 4) to the superior posterior RA (frame 5) and activates the atrial wall surrounding the SVC before reactivation of anterolateral RA once again. (B) The virtual electrograms from the area of functional block (virtual 11 to 15) and the CT (virtual 16 to 20) including the conduction gap (virtual 16 to 18) demonstrate double potentials. The numbers 1 to 6 represent the time points at which the isopotential maps have been displayed in A. IVC = inferior vena cava. (Reproduced from Tai CT, Huang JL, Lin YK, et al. Noncontact three-dimensional mapping and ablation of upper loop reentry originating in the right atrium. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:746-753, with permission from the American College of Cardiology Foundation.) |
PMC1501102_F4_6010.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | (A) Isopotential maps showing the activation sequence (frame 1 to 6) of counterclockwise upper loop reentry in the right posterior oblique view. Color scale for each isopotential map has been set so that white indicates most negative potential and blue indicates least negative potential. The activation wave front propagates down the anterolateral right atrium (RA) near the superior vena cava (SVC) (frame 1) to the middle and inferior anterolateral RA (frame 2), then splits into two wavefronts (frame 3); one passes around the area of functional block, and the other passes through the cavotricuspid isthmus. The wavefront in the lateral RA continue through the gap in the crista terminalis (CT) (frame 4) to the superior posterior RA (frame 5) and activates the atrial wall surrounding the SVC before reactivation of anterolateral RA once again. (B) The virtual electrograms from the area of functional block (virtual 11 to 15) and the CT (virtual 16 to 20) including the conduction gap (virtual 16 to 18) demonstrate double potentials. The numbers 1 to 6 represent the time points at which the isopotential maps have been displayed in A. IVC = inferior vena cava. (Reproduced from Tai CT, Huang JL, Lin YK, et al. Noncontact three-dimensional mapping and ablation of upper loop reentry originating in the right atrium. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:746-753, with permission from the American College of Cardiology Foundation.) |
PMC1501105_F2_6015.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | An infant with congenitally corrected transposition (cTGA) developed heart failure with the onset of complete heart block and was paced at 6 weeks of age (a). At 4 years the generator reached its end of life with some remaining lead slack (b). During the generator change, the lead was inadvertently damaged and had to be replaced. Angiography revealed an occluded subclavian vein (c). To avoid the use of large countertraction sheaths from the subclavian approach, a coronary guidewire was passed into the lead stylet channel and was drawn out the femoral sheath with the lead after snaring the lead with the help of a tip deflector wire (d). Over the subclavian-femoral guidewire circuit, a new sheath was placed to implant a new ventricular lead (e). |
PMC1501105_F2_6014.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | An infant with congenitally corrected transposition (cTGA) developed heart failure with the onset of complete heart block and was paced at 6 weeks of age (a). At 4 years the generator reached its end of life with some remaining lead slack (b). During the generator change, the lead was inadvertently damaged and had to be replaced. Angiography revealed an occluded subclavian vein (c). To avoid the use of large countertraction sheaths from the subclavian approach, a coronary guidewire was passed into the lead stylet channel and was drawn out the femoral sheath with the lead after snaring the lead with the help of a tip deflector wire (d). Over the subclavian-femoral guidewire circuit, a new sheath was placed to implant a new ventricular lead (e). |
PMC1501105_F2_6013.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | An infant with congenitally corrected transposition (cTGA) developed heart failure with the onset of complete heart block and was paced at 6 weeks of age (a). At 4 years the generator reached its end of life with some remaining lead slack (b). During the generator change, the lead was inadvertently damaged and had to be replaced. Angiography revealed an occluded subclavian vein (c). To avoid the use of large countertraction sheaths from the subclavian approach, a coronary guidewire was passed into the lead stylet channel and was drawn out the femoral sheath with the lead after snaring the lead with the help of a tip deflector wire (d). Over the subclavian-femoral guidewire circuit, a new sheath was placed to implant a new ventricular lead (e). |
PMC1501105_F2_6016.jpg | What is shown in this image? | An infant with congenitally corrected transposition (cTGA) developed heart failure with the onset of complete heart block and was paced at 6 weeks of age (a). At 4 years the generator reached its end of life with some remaining lead slack (b). During the generator change, the lead was inadvertently damaged and had to be replaced. Angiography revealed an occluded subclavian vein (c). To avoid the use of large countertraction sheaths from the subclavian approach, a coronary guidewire was passed into the lead stylet channel and was drawn out the femoral sheath with the lead after snaring the lead with the help of a tip deflector wire (d). Over the subclavian-femoral guidewire circuit, a new sheath was placed to implant a new ventricular lead (e). |
PMC1501114_F1_6021.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Antimicrobials in normal skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images, obtained by deconvolution microscopy, at a magnification of 400× as described under the section “Materials and Methods.” All images are of normal skin samples and are probed for F-actin (green phallacidin), nuclei (blue DAPI), and the tagged secondary antibodies to the antimicrobials. Panel A is HBD-1 in keratinocytes; Panel B is HBD-2 in the stratum basale of the epidermis; Panel C is HBD-3 in dendritic cells; Panel D is HNP in the reticular layer of the dermis; and Panel E is LL-37 shown surrounding, and associated with, ducts. |
PMC1501114_F1_6020.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Antimicrobials in normal skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images, obtained by deconvolution microscopy, at a magnification of 400× as described under the section “Materials and Methods.” All images are of normal skin samples and are probed for F-actin (green phallacidin), nuclei (blue DAPI), and the tagged secondary antibodies to the antimicrobials. Panel A is HBD-1 in keratinocytes; Panel B is HBD-2 in the stratum basale of the epidermis; Panel C is HBD-3 in dendritic cells; Panel D is HNP in the reticular layer of the dermis; and Panel E is LL-37 shown surrounding, and associated with, ducts. |
PMC1501114_F1_6018.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Antimicrobials in normal skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images, obtained by deconvolution microscopy, at a magnification of 400× as described under the section “Materials and Methods.” All images are of normal skin samples and are probed for F-actin (green phallacidin), nuclei (blue DAPI), and the tagged secondary antibodies to the antimicrobials. Panel A is HBD-1 in keratinocytes; Panel B is HBD-2 in the stratum basale of the epidermis; Panel C is HBD-3 in dendritic cells; Panel D is HNP in the reticular layer of the dermis; and Panel E is LL-37 shown surrounding, and associated with, ducts. |
PMC1501114_F1_6019.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Antimicrobials in normal skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images, obtained by deconvolution microscopy, at a magnification of 400× as described under the section “Materials and Methods.” All images are of normal skin samples and are probed for F-actin (green phallacidin), nuclei (blue DAPI), and the tagged secondary antibodies to the antimicrobials. Panel A is HBD-1 in keratinocytes; Panel B is HBD-2 in the stratum basale of the epidermis; Panel C is HBD-3 in dendritic cells; Panel D is HNP in the reticular layer of the dermis; and Panel E is LL-37 shown surrounding, and associated with, ducts. |
PMC1501114_F1_6017.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Antimicrobials in normal skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images, obtained by deconvolution microscopy, at a magnification of 400× as described under the section “Materials and Methods.” All images are of normal skin samples and are probed for F-actin (green phallacidin), nuclei (blue DAPI), and the tagged secondary antibodies to the antimicrobials. Panel A is HBD-1 in keratinocytes; Panel B is HBD-2 in the stratum basale of the epidermis; Panel C is HBD-3 in dendritic cells; Panel D is HNP in the reticular layer of the dermis; and Panel E is LL-37 shown surrounding, and associated with, ducts. |
PMC1501114_F2_6025.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Antimicrobials in burned skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images in burned skin samples. Magnification is 400×, and the probes are as used in Figure 1. Of note is the HBD-1 associated with dermal structures, not only in the upper levels but also with eccrine epithelia (a), HBD-2 associated with gland epithelia (b), HBD-3 in the lower papillary dermis (c), HNP along a hair follicle and on the upper, denatured keratin layer (d), and LL-37 very apparent via the bright yellow colocalization (green + red), along a sweat duct and deposited on the corneum at the point of exit. |
PMC1501114_F2_6024.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Antimicrobials in burned skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images in burned skin samples. Magnification is 400×, and the probes are as used in Figure 1. Of note is the HBD-1 associated with dermal structures, not only in the upper levels but also with eccrine epithelia (a), HBD-2 associated with gland epithelia (b), HBD-3 in the lower papillary dermis (c), HNP along a hair follicle and on the upper, denatured keratin layer (d), and LL-37 very apparent via the bright yellow colocalization (green + red), along a sweat duct and deposited on the corneum at the point of exit. |
PMC1501114_F2_6026.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Antimicrobials in burned skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images in burned skin samples. Magnification is 400×, and the probes are as used in Figure 1. Of note is the HBD-1 associated with dermal structures, not only in the upper levels but also with eccrine epithelia (a), HBD-2 associated with gland epithelia (b), HBD-3 in the lower papillary dermis (c), HNP along a hair follicle and on the upper, denatured keratin layer (d), and LL-37 very apparent via the bright yellow colocalization (green + red), along a sweat duct and deposited on the corneum at the point of exit. |
PMC1501114_F2_6022.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Antimicrobials in burned skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images in burned skin samples. Magnification is 400×, and the probes are as used in Figure 1. Of note is the HBD-1 associated with dermal structures, not only in the upper levels but also with eccrine epithelia (a), HBD-2 associated with gland epithelia (b), HBD-3 in the lower papillary dermis (c), HNP along a hair follicle and on the upper, denatured keratin layer (d), and LL-37 very apparent via the bright yellow colocalization (green + red), along a sweat duct and deposited on the corneum at the point of exit. |
PMC1501114_F2_6023.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Antimicrobials in burned skin. A 5-panel collection of fluorescence images in burned skin samples. Magnification is 400×, and the probes are as used in Figure 1. Of note is the HBD-1 associated with dermal structures, not only in the upper levels but also with eccrine epithelia (a), HBD-2 associated with gland epithelia (b), HBD-3 in the lower papillary dermis (c), HNP along a hair follicle and on the upper, denatured keratin layer (d), and LL-37 very apparent via the bright yellow colocalization (green + red), along a sweat duct and deposited on the corneum at the point of exit. |
PMC1501116_F1_6031.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Laser Doppler perfusion imaging of deep dermal/full-thickness sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 8 days after surgery. Sites were exposed to liquid sulfur mustard for 2 hours. Surgery was conducted 48 hours after agent exposure. The site on the left was untreated. The site in the center underwent full-thickness sharp surgical tangential excision followed by autologous split-thickness skin grafting. The site on the right underwent full-thickness laser debridement followed by grafting. Blue areas indicate low blood flux, red areas high blood flux and yellow/green areas intermediate blood flux. Analyses indicated poor blood flow in the untreated area and adequate blood flow in the grafted areas. Graft acceptance rates were equally high between both methods of debridement. Regardless of surgical approach, blood flux levels remained approximately 50% to 60% of normal tissue throughout a 36-day postsurgical observation period.83 |
PMC1501116_F1_6030.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Laser Doppler perfusion imaging of deep dermal/full-thickness sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 8 days after surgery. Sites were exposed to liquid sulfur mustard for 2 hours. Surgery was conducted 48 hours after agent exposure. The site on the left was untreated. The site in the center underwent full-thickness sharp surgical tangential excision followed by autologous split-thickness skin grafting. The site on the right underwent full-thickness laser debridement followed by grafting. Blue areas indicate low blood flux, red areas high blood flux and yellow/green areas intermediate blood flux. Analyses indicated poor blood flow in the untreated area and adequate blood flow in the grafted areas. Graft acceptance rates were equally high between both methods of debridement. Regardless of surgical approach, blood flux levels remained approximately 50% to 60% of normal tissue throughout a 36-day postsurgical observation period.83 |
PMC1501116_F1_6032.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Laser Doppler perfusion imaging of deep dermal/full-thickness sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 8 days after surgery. Sites were exposed to liquid sulfur mustard for 2 hours. Surgery was conducted 48 hours after agent exposure. The site on the left was untreated. The site in the center underwent full-thickness sharp surgical tangential excision followed by autologous split-thickness skin grafting. The site on the right underwent full-thickness laser debridement followed by grafting. Blue areas indicate low blood flux, red areas high blood flux and yellow/green areas intermediate blood flux. Analyses indicated poor blood flow in the untreated area and adequate blood flow in the grafted areas. Graft acceptance rates were equally high between both methods of debridement. Regardless of surgical approach, blood flux levels remained approximately 50% to 60% of normal tissue throughout a 36-day postsurgical observation period.83 |
PMC1501116_F1_6029.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Laser Doppler perfusion imaging of deep dermal/full-thickness sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 8 days after surgery. Sites were exposed to liquid sulfur mustard for 2 hours. Surgery was conducted 48 hours after agent exposure. The site on the left was untreated. The site in the center underwent full-thickness sharp surgical tangential excision followed by autologous split-thickness skin grafting. The site on the right underwent full-thickness laser debridement followed by grafting. Blue areas indicate low blood flux, red areas high blood flux and yellow/green areas intermediate blood flux. Analyses indicated poor blood flow in the untreated area and adequate blood flow in the grafted areas. Graft acceptance rates were equally high between both methods of debridement. Regardless of surgical approach, blood flux levels remained approximately 50% to 60% of normal tissue throughout a 36-day postsurgical observation period.83 |
PMC1501116_F2_6035.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of cutaneous sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 48 hours after agent exposure. The fluorescence of intravenous indocyanine green has been shown to estimate thermal burn depth in small animals. Indocyanine green fluorescence is capable of distinguishing superficial and deep partial-thickness thermal burns from full-thickness burns. The fluorescence intensity of indocyanine green decreases exponentially with burn depth for thermal burns of similar age. Indocyanine green is a nontoxic and rapidly excreted tricarbocyanine dye that is strongly bound to serum proteins and leaks from patent vessels after an injury-induced increase in vessel permeability. Mean fluorescence levels within superficial injuries are much greater than those in surrounding normal tissue. In deep injuries where blood vessels are occluded, very little dye leaks into the extravascular space; hence mean fluorescence levels within deep injuries are much less than those in surrounding normal tissue. Shown here on the left, a deep dermal/full-thickness injury was generated after exposure to liquid sulfur mustard for 120 minutes, showing very dark patches in the center of the injury, surrounded by a ring of hyperemia. The center lesion is a superficial dermal injury that was generated after a 2-min exposure to sulfur mustard, showing a significant amount of fluorescence indicative of patent blood vessels. The lesion on the right is of intermediate severity. (J. S. Graham et al, unpublished data, 1999) |
PMC1501116_F2_6034.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of cutaneous sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 48 hours after agent exposure. The fluorescence of intravenous indocyanine green has been shown to estimate thermal burn depth in small animals. Indocyanine green fluorescence is capable of distinguishing superficial and deep partial-thickness thermal burns from full-thickness burns. The fluorescence intensity of indocyanine green decreases exponentially with burn depth for thermal burns of similar age. Indocyanine green is a nontoxic and rapidly excreted tricarbocyanine dye that is strongly bound to serum proteins and leaks from patent vessels after an injury-induced increase in vessel permeability. Mean fluorescence levels within superficial injuries are much greater than those in surrounding normal tissue. In deep injuries where blood vessels are occluded, very little dye leaks into the extravascular space; hence mean fluorescence levels within deep injuries are much less than those in surrounding normal tissue. Shown here on the left, a deep dermal/full-thickness injury was generated after exposure to liquid sulfur mustard for 120 minutes, showing very dark patches in the center of the injury, surrounded by a ring of hyperemia. The center lesion is a superficial dermal injury that was generated after a 2-min exposure to sulfur mustard, showing a significant amount of fluorescence indicative of patent blood vessels. The lesion on the right is of intermediate severity. (J. S. Graham et al, unpublished data, 1999) |
PMC1501116_F2_6036.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of cutaneous sulfur mustard injuries in a weanling pig model, 48 hours after agent exposure. The fluorescence of intravenous indocyanine green has been shown to estimate thermal burn depth in small animals. Indocyanine green fluorescence is capable of distinguishing superficial and deep partial-thickness thermal burns from full-thickness burns. The fluorescence intensity of indocyanine green decreases exponentially with burn depth for thermal burns of similar age. Indocyanine green is a nontoxic and rapidly excreted tricarbocyanine dye that is strongly bound to serum proteins and leaks from patent vessels after an injury-induced increase in vessel permeability. Mean fluorescence levels within superficial injuries are much greater than those in surrounding normal tissue. In deep injuries where blood vessels are occluded, very little dye leaks into the extravascular space; hence mean fluorescence levels within deep injuries are much less than those in surrounding normal tissue. Shown here on the left, a deep dermal/full-thickness injury was generated after exposure to liquid sulfur mustard for 120 minutes, showing very dark patches in the center of the injury, surrounded by a ring of hyperemia. The center lesion is a superficial dermal injury that was generated after a 2-min exposure to sulfur mustard, showing a significant amount of fluorescence indicative of patent blood vessels. The lesion on the right is of intermediate severity. (J. S. Graham et al, unpublished data, 1999) |
PMC1501118_F1_6027.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Handle of screwdriver (a) and screwdriver tip (b) used by electrician described in text. Note that fingerprint melted into the handle and that the tip of the screwdriver has been rounded. |
PMC1501118_F1_6028.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Handle of screwdriver (a) and screwdriver tip (b) used by electrician described in text. Note that fingerprint melted into the handle and that the tip of the screwdriver has been rounded. |
PMC1502048_F2_6037.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Dual chamber pacemaker with epicardial electrodes implanted through a median sternotomy in a newborn with complete heart block. |
PMC1502054_F1_6038.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | A specially-designed, multiple-electrode loop ablation catheter (EP Technologies) is shown deployed in the left atrium during an endocardial, catheter-based Maze procedure. The view is left anterior oblique. The catheter emerges from the transeptal sheath and a loop is created after the tip of the catheter is pulled to the end of the sheath with a pull-wire as the body of the catheter is advanced into the atrium. There are 14 individual ablation coils on the catheter. Coils number 1, 4, 7, 8, 11, and 14 are more radiopaque to improve identification. An intracardiac echo probe can be seen in the body of the right atrium. |
PMC1502054_F1_6039.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | A specially-designed, multiple-electrode loop ablation catheter (EP Technologies) is shown deployed in the left atrium during an endocardial, catheter-based Maze procedure. The view is left anterior oblique. The catheter emerges from the transeptal sheath and a loop is created after the tip of the catheter is pulled to the end of the sheath with a pull-wire as the body of the catheter is advanced into the atrium. There are 14 individual ablation coils on the catheter. Coils number 1, 4, 7, 8, 11, and 14 are more radiopaque to improve identification. An intracardiac echo probe can be seen in the body of the right atrium. |
PMC1502064_F2_6040.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Close up examination of AICD eroding through the skin. |
PMC1502069_F2_6041.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | A Angiogram in Right anterior oblique cranial view showing tight stenosis in left anterior descending artery B Post revascularization angiogram in Right anterior oblique cranial view showing TIMI 3 flow in left anterior descending artery |
PMC1502079_F2_6042.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Tissue tracking images obtained from 2 patients with idiopathic premature ventricular contractions (PVC) originating from the outflow tract. A. The earliest color-coded signal (ECCS; blue arrow) appeared at the level of the pulmonary valve during a PVC. This PVC was successfully eliminated by an RF energy application to the septum of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) just beneath the pulmonary valve. B. The ECCS (blue arrow) appeared in the myocardium 8 mm above the pulmonary valve during a PVC. This PVC was successfully ablated from the left sinus of Valsalva. LA= left atrium; LV= left ventricle; PA= pulmonary artery. |
PMC1502131_F3_6044.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Electron micrographs for A) VP40 VLPs, B) VP40+VP35 VLPs, C) VP40+VP35+NP VLPs, and D) VP40+NP+GP VLPs. |
PMC1502131_F3_6046.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Electron micrographs for A) VP40 VLPs, B) VP40+VP35 VLPs, C) VP40+VP35+NP VLPs, and D) VP40+NP+GP VLPs. |
PMC1502131_F3_6045.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Electron micrographs for A) VP40 VLPs, B) VP40+VP35 VLPs, C) VP40+VP35+NP VLPs, and D) VP40+NP+GP VLPs. |
PMC1502131_F3_6047.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Electron micrographs for A) VP40 VLPs, B) VP40+VP35 VLPs, C) VP40+VP35+NP VLPs, and D) VP40+NP+GP VLPs. |
PMC1502135_F3_6050.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Increased level of apoptosis in the gonads of Skp2-/- mice. (A, B) TUNEL staining of testicular sections of Skp2+/+ (A) or Skp2-/- (B) mice at 4 months of age. Arrowheads indicate apoptotic cells. Scale bars, 100 μm. (C) The number of apoptotic spermatogenic cells per 100 Sertoli cells. *P < 0.05 versus Skp2+/+. (D) Ultrastructural image of typical apoptotic figures (arrowheads) at late postmeiotic stages of spermatogenesis in a Skp2-/- mouse at 4 months of age. Scale bar, 5 μm. |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6075.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6068.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6072.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6065.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6071.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6069.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502153_pmed-0030270-g004_6074.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | MPLW515L and MPLWT Bone Marrow Transplant Model HistopathologyHistology of MPLW515L-transduced and MPLWT-transduced Balb/C mice showing images of peripheral blood (A and B) and histopathology in representative sections of bone marrow (C and D), spleen (E–H), and liver (I–L). Peripheral blood smear (B) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLWT animal displays an unremarkable white blood cell and platelet count. In contrast, peripheral blood smear (A) (600×, Wright-Giemsa) of a representative MPLW515L mutant animal reveals marked thrombocytosis and leukocytosis comprising a predominant population of maturing myeloid cells as well as frequent nucleated erythroid forms. Bone marrow images from MPLWT animals display preserved marrow architecture with maturing trilineage hematopoiesis (D) (600×, hematoxylin and eosin [H&E]). Comparatively, bone marrow sections from MPLW515L mutant animals demonstrate marrow elements comprising a prominent population of maturing myeloid cells with increased numbers of megakaryocytes including atypical and dysplastic forms occurring in frequent clusters (C) (600×, H&E) and showing emperipolesis of neutrophils in megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Spleen sections from MPLW515L mice display complete effacement of normal splenic architecture (E) (40×, H&E) with a marked expansion of red pulp that is composed of an admixture of maturing myeloid and erythroid elements and numerous numbers of atypical megakaryocytes (G) (600×, H&E) compared with MPLWT spleens (F and H) (40× and 600×, H&E), which display a relative preservation of normal spleen architecture and the presence of only maturing erythroid forms in the red pulp. Liver images from MPLW515L mice illustrate evidence of extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis in a perivascular and sinusoidal distribution (I) (100×, H&E) composed predominantly of a population of maturing erythroid elements with frequent large atypical megakaryocytes and occasional admixed myeloid forms (K) (600×, H&E). In comparison, only small, focal areas of nucleated erythroid cells were observed in livers from MPLWT animals (J and L) (100× and 600×, H&E). |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6056.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6064.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6060.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6061.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6058.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6063.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6053.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6055.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502155_pmed-0030253-g005_6062.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Endocytosed Schistosomal Surface Proteins Accumulate in Enlarged LysosomesCHO-LDLA cells lacking (LDLA) or re-transfected with LDL receptor (LDLR) were incubated with control (C) or patient (P) sera, fixed, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Localization of schistosomal glycoproteins (sGP, red) or SM200 (SM200, red) and of the lysosomal marker protein LAMP-1 (green) was imaged by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Note the enlarged lysosomes in cells (LDLR + P) that take up schistosomal proteins on lipoprotein particles. Bars, 10 μm. |
PMC1502157_pmed-0030254-g003_6077.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | LYVE-1 Immunohistochemical StainingImmunohistochemical staining for LYVE-1 is depicted in surgical sham controls (A) and in lymphedema (B) (black arrows). The lymphedema response is characterized by the presence of numerous dilated microlymphatic structures in the dermis and subdermis. Lymphedema produces a statistically significant increase in average cross-sectional vessel area. |
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