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splits/subfolder_2/PMC3210154_pone-0027291-g002_114577.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Neurofibrillary tangles stained by the Gallyas technique.The histological fields are representative of the neurofibrillary tangle abundance shown in 40 µm coronal sections of the frontal lobe and hippocampus. The numbers on the top right corners correspond to the case identification numbers given in
Table 1
and the letters F and H represent frontal cortex and hippocampus, respectively. Scale bars = 100 µm. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic33825.jpg | which image modality is this? | mr - flair |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic18711.jpg | what is abnormal in the x-ray? | necrotizing enterocolitis |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3459881_pone-0046052-g006_157764.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Localization of SMVT in infected HeLa cells using immunofluorescence microscopy.HeLa cells were mock infected (A) or infected with C. trachomatis 434/Bu (B) for 20–24 hours, fixed and permeablized, and probed with anti-IncA antibodies (shown in green) and anti-SMVT (H56) antibodies (shown in red). The location of inclusions viewed under phase contrast (top panel) and fluorescence (middle and bottom panels) are shown with white arrows. The inset in panel (B) was created by merging the red and green channel micrographs. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3759336_f3-0061167_228477.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Image analyses of the Dmdmdx/Largemyc model. (A) Radiography of the spine of the different models (Largemyd, Dmdmdx/Largemyd and Dmdmdx) at the age of 120 days. (B) Axial T2 weighted MRI of 2-month-old Largemyd, Dmdmdx/Largemyd and Dmdmdx mice, at the lower leg level. Solid arrows indicate affected regions; dashed arrows indicate the position of the lower leg bones, tibia and fibula. L, left side; R, right side. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3328460_pone-0035513-g003_134261.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | The STAT3 inhibitor, LLL12, induces cytoskeletal changes in cultured HUVEC cells.HUVEC cells cultured in 4-well chamber slides were treated with PBS, VEGF (10 ng/mL) alone, VEGF with DMSO or LLL12 (100 nM) for 18 hrs. The cultures were then probed using anti-β-tubulin primary antibodies (green), and F-actin was stained using phalloidin (red). White arrows highlight F-actin localization at the leading edge, while white arrowheads indicate the curling of microtubules at the cell periphery. 200× magnification. Slice depth = 1 µm. Scale bar = 20 µm. Inset 400× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4583167_Fig2_426971.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Chest CT of Case 2 on Admission. a Two-dimensional axial CT scan showed lung contusions (white arrows) and left hemopneumothorax (red arrows). b Three-dimensional reconstruction of the CT scan showed fractures of the third to fifth ribs on the left (red arrows) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4398927_fig1_378564.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | On the coronal MR urography image, the right ureter and the pelvicalyceal system are seen dilated. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3263648_fig4_122903.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Caspase activity induced by TBT treatment in Jurkat A3 cells. Jurkat cells were pretreated with the caspase-10 inhibitor AEVD (8.7 μM, 1 h) before TBT was added (1 μM, 4 h). At the end of the treatment, FAM-VAD-fmk was added as a caspase substrate that exhibits fluorescence after cleavage. Cells were incubated for further 60 min, counterstained with propidium iodide (red fluorescence), and intracellular fluorescence intensity was analysed by microscopy. C: vehicle-treated control cells; TBT: 1 μM TBT; TBT + AEVD: pretreated with zAEVD-fmk for 1 h and 1 μM TBT for further 4 h. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2810304_F7_55396.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | MRI monitoring shows that brain tumour growth can be standardised and that the phenotypes are modulated with passaging in vivo. Coronary MRI scans showing tumour growth in four rats grafted with tissue from the same patient biopsy. Shown are T2 sequences at 3 different time points as indicated, while the right column present T1 images after administering contrast agent (A). MRI scans demonstrating different brain tumour phenotypes (B), displaying angiogenic and invasive growth as indicated (bottom). Corresponding H/E stained tumour sections are shown below the MRI panels. Extended passaging provide 3 distinct phenotypes that represent different combinations of invasive and angiogenic growth patterns. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2799335_pone-0008603-g006_53560.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Immunohistochemical analysis of VA7 replication in intracranial U87Fluc xenografts.U87Fluc cells were implanted in the striatum Balb/c nude mice and tumor growth was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. When tumors were visible mice were injected with 1×106 pfu of VA7-EGFP and sacrificed three days later. Brains were removed and paraffin sections prepared. (A–D) Representative images of U87Fluc xenograft immunostained against Fluc (A,C) and SFV antigen (B,D). (A,B) magnification, ×27; (B,D) 3.7× magnification of boxed areas in (A,B). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4219817_pone-0111939-g008_332803.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | The 3D morphologic images of Trabecular bone.(A) Trabecular bone from a mouse in control group at 0, 4 and 8 weeks after the primary injection. (B) Trabecular bone from a mouse in CIA group at 0, 4 and 8 weeks after the primary injection. The red arrowheads indicate fragments of trabecular bone. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3662598_F3_206422.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Representative confocal microscope images of the diatoms, showing oil bodies. Cells sampled during a 7-day culture cycle were stained with Nile Red and photographed under the confocal microscope daily. –N, cells subjected to the N deprivation treatment five days after subculture; Control, cells grown in f/2-Si medium and switched to fresh medium five days after subculture. Bar = 2 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4220571_fig5_332907.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | CT scan of left cervical C1 mass. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4455976_Fig16_393519.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Enhanced ridge image (left) and input image (right) overlapped with orientation Field. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4235271_F1_337107.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Fluorescent labeling of peroxisomes by EYFP-SKL. (A–D) Live-cell imaging of BY-2 transformants expressing CaMV35S::EYFP-SKL with Nomarski optics (A,C) or epifluorescence showing peroxisomes labeled by EYFP-SKL (B,D). CLSM imaging of EYFP (E), CAT immunofluorescence (F), and the merge of both (G). Scale bar 100 μm (A,B), 20 μm (C,D), and 4 μm (E–G). CLSM confirmed that the strong targeting signal of the Arabidopsis photorespiratory enzyme, hydroxypyruvate reductase (SKL), directed the fluorophore to peroxisomes with high efficiency, without any cytosolic background fluorescence when grown under nutrient-sufficient culturing conditions (E,F compare with images on B,D obtained by epifluorescence microscopy where some “cytosolic” background represents the EYFP fluorescence emitted by out-of-focus peroxisomes). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3303832_pone-0033258-g004_129851.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | HIF-1 α is induced unexpectedly during reperfusion in rat kidney, with normal oxygen levels in renal parenchyma.(a) Immunohistochemitry to determine HIF-1 α expression in paraffin-embedded renal tissue sections from SD rats during I/R. Ischemia of 45 min and different times of reperfusion: 24 hours or 3, 5 or 7 days (R-24h, R-3d, R-5d, R-7d). HIF-1 α is detected in the nucleus of proximal tubule cells after ischemia and in reperfusion (3-5-7days). Magnification: ×400 (b) Immunostaining for pimonidazol-protein and HIF-1α adducts in renal tissue sections of rats during I/R. Ischemia of 45 min and 5 days of reperfusion. Notice positive pimonidazole immunostaining exclusively after ischemia. Magnification: ×200. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_intestine/train_1616.jpg | What is present? | gastrointestinal |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4129925_fig1_312919.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Radiographs of the right femur before and after the atypical fracture. (a) Radiograph at the initial visit to a local hospital revealed diffuse cortical thickening and beaking of the lateral cortex in the subtrochanteric region of the right femur. (b) A short oblique fracture with a medial spike is visible in the subtrochanteric region of the right femur. (c) The fracture was stabilized by intramedullary nailing, and union is evident within 4 weeks of the right femoral fracture. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4481080_Fig2_399959.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Computed tomography aortography showing ascending (black arrow) and descending (large white arrow) aortic aneurysm with left-sided pleural effusion (small white arrow) |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3917623_F2_265416.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Imaging and immunohistochemical findings. (a) T1 weighted MRI of the globe: an elevated intraocular lesion at the posterior pole of moderately high signal. (b) B-scan ultrasound: dome shaped lesion at the posterior pole. (c) A-scan ultrasound: solid lesion at the posterior pole with low internal reflectivity and a kappa angle. (d) Immunohistochemistry: HMB-45 positive staining. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4262509_f2-mmr-11-02-0821_343462.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Preferential accumulation of near infrared dye in DU-145 prostate cancer cells. (A) DAPI (blue), (B) IR-783, (C) Lyso Tracker Green DND-26, (D) Mito Tracker Orange CMTMROS, (E) The superimposition of images A, B and D; (F) The superimposition of image A, B and C (magnification, ×400). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4163477_fig1_320095.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | The cirrhotic status in histology. All images are histological finding of cirrhosis but show different feature in thickness of septa and the size of nodules in HCC specimens of different histologic grades. (a) Masson-Trichrome stain, magnified one time and 100 times respectively; (b) Reticulin stain (magnification, ×1 and ×100). G1 (well differentiation) shows mild cirrhosis with thin septa; G2 (moderately differentiation) shows moderate cirrhosis with at least two broad septa; G3 (poorly differentiation) shows severe cirrhosis with at least one very broad septa. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2757313_F4_47337.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Light blue dots correspond to peak cortical activation sites for fMRI activity during active AVH in schizophrenic subjects (papers are listed in the main text). Dark blue dots are from a recent study from our laboratory (Han et al. 2007) |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_32554.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Abdominal US scan revealed a hypomesogastric mass, characterized by two components: a solid portion and a second portion formed by multiple cystoid cavities. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_mouth/train_2171.jpg | What is present? | oral |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4289364_Fig2_349809.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image |
Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of infected mice. (a) Distribution of H7N9, H5N1, and H1N1 viruses in the tissues of infected mice as determined by IHC. Representative viral antigen distribution in tissues at 3 dpi is shown. Viral antigens are denoted with solid arrows (400× magnification). (b) Hematoxylin and eosin stain (HE) staining of lung tissues from infected mice (100× magnification). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4553873_f17-jres.117.016_418866.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Alan Pine (left) and Gerald Fraser next to the microwave and infrared electric-resonance optothermal spectrometer (EROS) about 1989 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3118206_F2_99605.jpg | What is shown in this image? | A computed tomography slice of the thorax showing a mural aortic thrombus in the anterior wall of the descending aorta and a mural thrombus in the left pulmonary artery localized in close proximity to the aortic thrombus. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3564901_F3_183880.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Positron Emission Tomography combined with CT Scan (2011): no FluoroDeoxyGlucose uptake whatever the previously involved organ. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4263806_Fig7_344013.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
FDG-PET findings in VCP.
a Non-contrast CT image showing medial deviation and thickening of the left aryepiglottic fold (*) indicative of left VCP. b Fused PET-CT showing FDG uptake in the right vocal cord (arrow) due to compensatory hypertrophy. This should not be confused with disease. Note the paramedian position of the left true vocal cord (T) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4369581_fig3_370386.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Identification of a polarity-responsive enhancer in upd3.(A) Schematic of upd3 reporter constructs in relation to the corresponding genomic region. (B and C) 3 kb upd3LacZ is not expressed in WT, but is upregulated in dlg discs. (D and E) upd3.3LacZ sub-fragment is also silent in WT, but is upregulated in dlg like upd3LacZ. (F–I) Other sub-fragments are not significantly expressed in either WT or dlg. Scale bar: 100 μm.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03189.007 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3866108_pone-0081895-g001_252397.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Several slices showing average brain image.This was achieved by iterative registration and summation of the T2-weighted images of all patients in the cohort. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3834548_f1-ol-06-06-1573_244842.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | An example of a post-chemoradiotherapy ycCR. (A and B) Pre-treatment tumor (T) in sagittal T2-weighted MRI and endoscopy, respectively. (C and D) Post-chemoradiotherapy sagittal T2-weighted MRI and endoscopy, respectively. (C) Arrow indicates hypointense bowel wall, indicative of fibrosis; (D) arrow indicates whitening of the mucosa. ycCR, clinical complete response; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2831867_F4_58355.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | X-ray of right knee showed united fracture. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3047707_fig03_88825.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Labeling of target RBC with fluorescent dyes. RBC were labeled with either 20 μM CFDA-SE or 10 μM DDAO-SE and coincubated with an approximately equal quantity of unlabeled RBC for 48 h at +37°C under standard P. falciparum culture conditions. RBC were then harvested and fluorescence detected either by confocal microscopy (top panels) or flow cytometry (bottom panels). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2714516_F4_42015.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Images of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea in mice using transcutaneous ultrasound biomicroscopy using a 40 MHz transducer. Images were taken during proestrus (a), estrus (b, c), metestrus (d), and diestrus (e). White arrows indicate corpora lutea, and arrow heads indicate antral follicles. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3856110_f2-ijms-14-23140_250177.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Imaging of a metastatic and a non-metastatic lymph node (LN) by using spectral unmixing. Images of a non-metastatic LN (a–d) and a metastatic LN (e–h) cut in half are shown; (a,e) White-light images; (b,f) Spectral unmixed fluorescent signal of PpIX; (c,g) Spectral unmixed fluorescent signal of collagen; (d,h) H & E-stained images. Red arrows indicate metastatic lesions. Scale bar = 5 mm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3543810_fig5_178869.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | (a) Testicular Doppler U/S showed no signs of ischemia with good blood flow. (b) Testicular Doppler U/S showed poor blood flow. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3622073_F2_197818.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | PET/CT images demonstrate the soft tissue lesion has moved from the right to left hemipelvis (arrow) on low dose CT (left). The lesion demonstrated no metabolic activity on PET (center) and fused image (right). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2174482_F2_15819.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Venous phase of selective superior mesenteric artery angiogram showing large draining vein from the mass. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2684321_F0002_38727.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Micturating cystourethrogram and penile sinugram |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/outside_other/train_1960.jpg | What is present ? | amputation stump infected |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic57196.jpg | how was the image taken? | mr - flair |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3865664_fig02_252304.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Light photomicrograph (magnification: 400x) of bone nodule formation of primary human osteoblasts cultured for 20 days with increasing concentrations of HCY (von Kossa staining). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3809309_F1_239630.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | MRI brain before treatment showing bright T2/FLAIR cortical images at the right parietal and temporal region |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4220935_pone-0109997-g004_333026.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Some results of the detection of the calcified plaque.()-() are original IVUS images. ()-() are the results of our method corresponding to ()-(), respectively, where the region within the yellow contour is the calcified plaque. ()-() are the results of the manual drawing method by a cardiologist corresponding to ()-(), respectively, where the region within the red contour is the calcified plaque. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2438315_F1_24695.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Chest roentgenogram demonstration of an eggshell calcificated mass. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2843740_pone-0009826-g005_60125.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Time course of TNFα-induced toxicity in wt and fro/fro mice.Mice (10 wt or 10 fro/fro, 5 females and 5 males) were intraperitoneally injected with D-galactosamine (20 mg) and then injected intravenously with PBS or TNFα (40 µg/kg of body weight). A -Time course of survival of wt (red symbols) and fro/fro (green) mice treated or not by D-galactosamine and TNFα. B - Histological analysis of hematoxylin-eosin stained liver sections from wt or fro/fro mice injected with D-galactosamine/PBS (sacrificed 48 hours after the injection) or D-galactosamine/TNFα (immediately taken off after mice death). Representative microscopy pictures of liver sections from wt and fro/fro mice (magnification, ×400). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4653730_f2_446096.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Subcellular localization of C58VirF and A6VirF in plant cells.The indicated combinations of fluorescently-tagged proteins were transiently expressed in N.
benthamiana leaf mesophyll cells. (A–C) GFP-GUS-C58VirF + RFP-NLS. (D–F) GFP-C58VirF + RFP-NLS. (G–I) GFP-GFP-A6VirF + RFP-NLS. GFP fluorescence is in green, RFP fluorescence is in red, overlapping GFP and RFP fluorescence is in yellow, plastid autofluorescence is in blue. Location of the cell nucleus is indicated by a white arrowhead. Images are single confocal sections. Bars = 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3433344_F2_152986.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Immunohistochemical staining for annexin II in gastric cancer lesions and noncancerous tissues.a, 1 to 3, annexin II negative in noncancerous tissues; magnifications were × 40, ×100, and × 400, respectively. b, 1 to 3, annexin II was highly expressed in well differentiated adenocarcinoma; magnifications were × 40, ×100, and × 400, respectively. c, 1 to 3, annexin II was highly expressed in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; magnifications were × 40, ×100,and × 400, respectively. d, 1 to 3, annexin II was highly expressed in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma; magnifications were × 40, ×100, and × 400, respectively. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4519816_Fig2_410556.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Normal mammogram (MLO view) in a 66-year-old female with eczema of right nipple which proved to be Paget’s disease of the nipple on histopathology. Patient underwent wide local excision |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3847138_F2_247337.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Photograph taken during thoracoscopic surgical incision and drainage. The apex of the right lung is on the left and the diaphragm is on the right. The asterisk indicates a mediastinal abscess located beneath the pulmonary vein. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2532995_F1_27554.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | a. CT scan of the neck, following contrast administration. Axial section of the level of the oropharynx, demonstrates the horizontal extension of the right ICA towards the midline and behind the oropharynx. b. Multiplanar reconstruction at the coronal plane demonstrates an angiographic appearance of the vessels of the neck, showing the ectopic portion of the right ICA. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_19422.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Transthoracic echocardiogram with short parasternal view shows prominent trabecular projections with the distance from the epicardial surface to the trough of the trabecular recess X (green line) of 1.3 cm, and with the distance from the epicardial surface to the peak of trabeculation Y (blue line) of 3 cm with ratio X/Y < 0.5. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4686709_fig2_455023.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Lung biopsy from the patient with pulmonary vein stenosis. (a) Low magnification shows thickening of the interlobular septa (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification ×4). (b) High magnification exhibits nonspecific alveolar septal thickening (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification ×40). (c) Prussian blue stain reveals intra-alveolar hemosiderin-filled macrophages (original magnification ×20). (d) Verhoeff-Van Gieson stain highlights medial hypertrophy and intimal proliferation in a muscular pulmonary artery (original magnification ×20). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4210544_Fig3_330660.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image |
Contrast generation by SW MRI in three different patients. Top row: Anterior AMI with IMH (arrowed) is shown in magnitude image without susceptibility weighting (A). A phase mask is generated using the SWIp method (B) and applied to the magnitude image to generate SW images with additional contrast for IMH (C). A similar process is shown for IMH in inferior (D-F) and inferolateral (G-I) territories. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3751813_F3_227112.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | A 55-year-old female patient with broad ligament fibroid. A round solid mass with mostly isointense signal in the left adnexal region (arrow) was apparent on both T1WI (a) and T2WI (b). (c) On fat-suppressed T2WI, the signal was similar to that in (a) and (b). (d) On contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1WI, the lesion showed moderate enhancement, similar to that of the myometrium. (e) On DWI-MRI (b = 700 s/mm2), the lesion appeared as a homogeneous isointense signal. (f) The lesion shows intermediate signal on ADC map, with the ADC value of 1.10 × 10–3 mm2/s at the corresponding site. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4370594_pone.0119689.g002_370721.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Patient 2 pertinent radiology and pathology.(A)Vaginal mass biopsy showing malignant mesothelial cells with sarcomatoid features (H&E 20X). (B) CT/PET scan showing uptake in vaginal mass. (C) CT/PET showing additional uptake in the cecum. (D) Surgical specimen from the cecum showing epithelioid mesothelial proliferation with heavy lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate (H&E 20X). (E) Post-treatment CT/PET showing resolution of the vaginal mass (as compared to B). (F) Post-treatment CT/PET showing persistence of the cecal mass (compared with C). Imaging of associated inguinal lymphadenopathy not shown. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1808.jpg | What are there from this case in this file 23 yowf amyloid limited to brain? | several slides |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic40721.jpg | which plane is this image taken? | axial |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_3014.jpg | What is vasculitis , rocky mountain spotted? | fever immunoperoxidase staining vessels for rickettsia rickettsii |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0784.jpg | Does the wall of the aneurysm produce acute, self-limited colitis? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3408664_fig2_147518.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | X-ray showing calcific scrotal nodules. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4299690_fig1_351299.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Transverse views of computed tomography showing the presence of fluid (A) and free air (B) in the upper abdomen (a) and a fluid filled uterus and intrauterine free air (C) (b). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3311450_F2_131351.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Axial views of head CT (left) and MRI T2 (right) showing the pituitary hemorrhage (CT) and the pituitary macroadenoma (MRI). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3948907_Fig5_273069.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Imaging of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. A 29-year-old woman who presented with an abdominal wall mass in a transverse incision. CT at the time of presentation shows soft-tissue masses in the right anterior abdominal wall (arrow). These were resected and histopathology showed DFSP. These masses typically involve the skin on imaging (dermal layer) and show moderate soft tissue enhancement |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3518955_fig1_171587.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | (a) Axial MRI scan (FLAIR sequence) displays multiple bilateral hyperintense lesions affecting the white matter of cerebellar hemispheres and of frontal, occipital, and parietal lobes. (b) At followup (one week later) the same sequence shows a complete resolution of all findings. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4029782_pone-0098005-g002_290623.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Z-N staining of endo-ovarian tissue biopsy and cultures in the detection of acid fast bacilli (AFB).a) Red/pink colour rod like beaded structures were observed in the tissue biopsy; b) Red/pink colour rod like structures were observed on pale blue background in the cultures. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3889673_Fig1_258070.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. |
a X-Ray films of THR postoperative infection. b Sinus formation postoperative infection. c Pub substances were observed during operation |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2946290_F4_74797.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | DIF-1 suppressed VEGF-induced angiogenesis in Matrigel plug. VEGF-containing Matrigel was injected subcutaneously into the flanks of 6-week old C57/BL6 mice. Seven days later, Matrigel plug was extracted and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining (A-D) and immunofluorescence staining using PECAM-1(CD31) (E-H) (Higher magnification of the boxed areas in A, C, E and G are shown in B, D, F and H, respectively). The scale bars indicate 500 μm. (I) The expression of PECAM-1 (CD31) was analyzed with fluorescence microscopy and expressed as the strength of fluorescence in Matrigel-plug (mean ± SE) of three independent experiments. The asterisk indicates *P < 0.05 versus control. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyldoag086u35kd7ctu.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4491385_fig8_402897.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Images of mid-ventricular slices obtained with 2D and 3D cine imaging during end-diastole (a, c) and end-systole (b, d) in seven healthy volunteers. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3135116_fig11_102022.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Skin biopsy demonstrating multiple HIV/AIDS-related pathology, including a superficial vesicle due to varicella-zoster virus infection (a), leucocytoclastic vasculitis in the mid- to upper dermis (b), and incidental Kaposi sarcoma in the deeper dermis (c), the latter confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for HHV-8 (inset). (Reproduced from [1] with permission from BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_62698.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Shows inferior coverage at the base of the prostate gland following PSI |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3739520_F1_224033.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Close-up of liver granuloma with section through 3 Schistosoma malayensis-–like ova embedded in dense fibrous tissue. The thin-walled, nonstriated helminth ova are not operculated and contain nonvital miracidial cells. Hematoxylin and eosin stain; original magnification ×100. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q51ejb0832cwyf32qe.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | No |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2993652_F2_79844.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | CellDetect® (A, C, E)and H&E (B, D, F) staining of neoplastic cervical epithelium. CellDetect® stained neoplastic cells red/magenta, at every grade. (A) CellDetect® staining of low-intermediate grade CIN. Note that the red staining neoplasia was conspicuously laminar, a feature facilitating grading even at low magnification. (B) H&E-stained section adjacent to A. (C) CellDetect® staining of high grade CIN. (D) H&E-stained section adjacent to C. (E) CellDetect® staining of high grade CIN seen at higher magnification than C, to illustrate details of cell morphology. (F) H&E-stained section adjacent to E. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3522321_s2fig4_172781.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | A 45-year-old woman with swelling and pain in the distal phalanx of the right medius.A. Lateral radiography of the right medius shows a calcified bone surface lesion developed from the palmar surface of the distal phalanx with soft tissue swelling but no adjacent bone abnormality. B. Sagittal MRI view of the right hand on T1W sequence, T1W sequence after intravenous Gadolinium injection and T2W sequence. The lesion shows a homogeneous low T1 signal and high T2 Signal with moderate enhancement after intravenous Gadolinium injection. C. Microscopic view (HE×200) showing bone trabecula associated with fibrous tissue. D. Microscopic view (HE×400) showing chondroid tissue made of chondrocytes of irregular size sometimes binucleated. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3139510_fig1_102682.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Effects of HSE on diabetic nephropathy in rats. Histological examination (200×) in rat kidney of (a) normal group, (b) citrate buffer group, (c) STZ-treating group, (d) STZ + 100 mg kg−1 day−1 of HSE, (E) STZ + 400 mg kg−1 day−1 of HSE. Arrows represent the hydropic changes seen as pale and swollen in proximal convoluted tubules. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic49491.jpg | what is most alarming about this mri? | dural fistula, avf |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3556865_fig1_181756.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Lateral plain X-ray of the skull demonstrates the trajectory of the metallic rod, which enters approximately 1 cm above the supraorbital rim, involves the frontal sinus, and points through the right temporal lobe for an intracranial length of 14.5 cm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3170346_F1_107935.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Atrophy of the left frontoparietal lobe, with extensive gliosis (A, B, C; T2-weighted MRI). The left internal carotid artery is occluded, since there is no flow void (D; T1-weighted MRI). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic48754.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | meningioma |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4179504_F1_323675.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | The region of interest (ROI) setting for fiber tracking. (A,B) are shown the activation area of functional MRI with finger and toe movement, respectively. (C) is shown the part of lower portion of the pons on the V1 image of diffusion-tensor image (DTI) dataset. The V1 image is the vector image for principle tensor direction and colors indicate the direction of vector (red: right–left, green: anterior–posterior, blue: superior–inferior). For each subject, the hand fiber tracts were extracted using two ROIs that were placed on the (A,C). The foot fiber tracts were used (B,C). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3789822_pgen-1003756-g005_235720.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Fluorescence of a PspoIIR-SNAP fusion in strain 630Δerm and in a spo0A, sigF or sigE mutant.Cells of the C. difficile 630Δerm strain, and of the spo0A, sigF and sigE mutants carrying a PspoIIR-SNAPCd transcriptional fusion in a multicopy plasmid were collected 24 h of following inocculation in SM broth. Cells were labelled with the fluorescent substrate TMR to allow localization of SNAPCd production driven by the spoIIR promoter, stained with the DNA marker DAPI and the membrane dye MTG and examined by phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3107954_F0001_97900.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | (a) Coexistence of loss of hair and loss of pigment in the patient’s scalp; (b) Histopathology of the scalp lesion demonstrating the presence of an anagen hair follicle with a peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrate, corresponding to the diagnosis of AA; (c) MART-1 immunostaining of the same biopsy, demonstrating almost total loss of melanocytes in the basal layer, with only one or two melanocytes identified in the epidermis, verifying the coexistence of vitiligo in the same region |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4079440_f1-etm-08-02-0409_303018.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Cytologic features of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ALK+ DLBCL). (A) Diffuse infiltration of tumor cells (HE stain; magnification, HE ×20). (B) Sinusoidal infiltration pattern (HE stain. magnification, HE ×100). (C) Tumor cells with round, regular nuclei; single, central, eosinophilic nucleoli and moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm (HE stain; magnification, HE ×400). HE, hematoxylin and eosin. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05696.jpg | What is shown in this image? | MR images of a 63-year old woman who was diagnosed with POP of both the anterior and posterior vaginal compartment. The sagittal plane shows a downward descent of the pelvic floor and thus the plane of minimal hiatal dimensions. Three-dimensional modelling was essential to adequately score pubovisceral muscle avulsions |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4634444_sensors-15-26039-f011_441470.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | The photograph of armored QP21B after 9 hour life test. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3403119_fig2_146248.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Cystogram CT showing contrast extravasation with anterior rectal wall defect. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3886658_fig4_257665.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Sct stimulates translocation of HSL from cytosol to lipid droplet. Isolated adipocytes from Wt or SctR−/− mice were stimulated with or without 1 μM Sct or 1 μM Iso (positive control). Cells were fixed and translocation of HSL from the cytosol to lipid droplet was visualized by confocal microscopy using an anti-HSL antibody (1:50 dilution) and subsequent incubation with Alexa-488 sary antibodies (1:300 dilution). Red arrows in the figure denote the translocation process. BF, bright field. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4321679_fig1_356724.jpg | What is shown in this image? | X-rays (a) and CT (b) showing the joint fixed in dorsal dislocation with the presence of a reversed Hill-Sachs defect. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC1177974_F3_2583.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Hepatocytes with large cell change: FNAB. There is simultaneous nuclear and cell enlargement of the hepatocytes, thus maintaining the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of 1/3. Note mild nuclear atypia (Papanicolaou). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3678756_f3-ol-05-05-1546_210379.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | (A) Histological examination of resected lung tissue (H&E staining, ×100/×400). The arrow (a) shows the abnormal artery from the descending thoracic aorta to the resected mass. The arrow (b) shows a nodule in the mass. (B) Using immunohistochemistry, the carcinoma cells were positive for CD56, CK-L, synaptophysin, TIF1, cromogranin A and Ki-67 (<1% positive) and negative for S-100 (magnification, ×100). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4676095_Fig3_452788.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Axial (a) and coronal (b) fMRI slices during a silent semantic noun-verb association task. Symmetrical language activation is shown, more balanced at the cerebral level (LI = +0.11) than at the cerebellar level (LI = +0.66). Left and right are as indicated in the figure |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic26835.jpg | what imaging modality is used? | xr - plain film |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3524283_f1-etm-05-01-0112_173953.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Expression of HIF-1α and VEGF (immunohistochemisty, magnification, x200). (A–C) Expression of HIF-1α at various levels in TSCC: (A) weak positive, (B) medium positive and (C) strong expression. (D) No expression of HIF-1α in the adjacent tissue. (E–G) Expression of VEGF in TSCC. (H) Weak expression of VEGF in adjacent normal tissue. Red lines, 50 μm; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; TSCC, tongue squamous cell carcinoma. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2756467_fig5_47305.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Examples of human brain MRI cross-sectional images. (a), (b), (c): Original MRI cross-sectional human brain images. (d), (e), (f): Unsupervised three-dimensional Markovian segmentations. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3639886_F1_202156.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the orbit with gadolinium infusion and fat suppression. (A) Coronal image taken at initial presentation showing a mass involving the right orbital space and extending into the ethmoidal sinus. The mass is displacing the globe. A small mass is also shown in the left orbital space. (B) Coronal image showing reduction of the pseudotumor 12 weeks after treatment. |
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