image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
|---|---|---|
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4282920_F1_348244.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Angiography of both carotid arteries showing the AVM. A. Frontal view; B. Rigth Lateral view. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4259294_pone-0107689-g002_342696.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Photographic and SEM images of various media substrates.(A–B) peat germinating mix, (C–D) perlite. (E–F) vermiculite. (G–H) Turface. (A,C,E,G) Photographic images exhibiting textural differences between media substrates. (B,D,F,H) Scanning election microscopy photos of substrates. Scale Bar (A,C,E,H) 1 cm and (B,D,F,H) 10 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2996572_F0001_80407.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Photomicrographs of sections of hindbrain and cerebellum Note the normal cytoarchitecture in all the groups, (a): Hindbrain of the control group (1 × 400 magnification), (b, c): Hindbrain of the therapeutically equivalent dose group (1 × 400 magnification), (d): Hindbrain of the therapeutically equivalent dose × 10 group (1 × 400 magnification), (e): Cerebellum of the control group (1 × 100 magnification), (f): Cerebellum of the therapeutically equivalent dose group (1 × 100 magnification), (g): Cerebellum of the therapeutically equivalent dose × 5 group (1 × 100 magnification), (h): Cerebellum of the therapeutically equivalent dose × 10 group (1 × 100 magnification) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3555893_pone-0055243-g004_181553.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | FAS colocalizes with p25α and α-synuclein in human MSA brain.Double labeling immunofluorescence using FAS (red) and p25α (green) antibodies (A–F) and FAS (red) and α-syn (green) antibodies (G–L) in putamen of an MSA case. Protein colocalization is shown as yellow in merged images (C, F, I, L). A–C, Identification of p25α-positive/FAS-negative GCIs (arrows) in oligodendroglia. D–F, Colocalization of FAS and p25α within GCI-like structures but not in small punctate cytoplasmic granules. G–L, FAS and α-syn colocalized in 4% of the GCIs (J–L) but the majority of α-syn-positive GCIs did not colocalize FAS (G–I, arrows indicate α-syn-positive/FAS-negative inclusions). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4579031_fig-7_425840.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Rail diagrams of the average templates of smooth movement episodes with time lock at the start.Each row shows average templates for a different subject. The columns show templates for samples with one, two or more than two agents. The vertical axis shows time with respect to the time lock in milliseconds. The horizontal axis shows distance in degrees from the positional lock on the horizontal axis of the corresponding panel in Movie S8. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2877020_F1_64975.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Representative clinical cases of ORFV infection in goats. (A) Goat with severe proliferative lesions of ecthyma around the lips. (B and C) Wart-like multiple nodules on the upper and lower eyelids. (D) Copious serosanguineous discharge appeared when the nodules burst. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4096508_pone-0101891-g005_305901.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Contrast-enhanced 2D slices from our image dataset.Sample images with time-point and z-slice pairs at (A) (t25, 18), (B) (t34, 35), (C) (t45, 22), (D) (t86, 22), (E) (t91, 24), and (F) (t98, 29). Each image has dimension: 103 103 pixels and has voxel resolution: and µm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4519816_Fig13_410578.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | MRI of the right breast of the same patient as in Fig. 12 shows an irregular T1W isointense (a) lesion that is hyperintense on STIR (b) and T2W (c) with central hypointense area and peripheral enhancement on post-contrast T1W sequence. Biopsy from the nipple areolar region was suggestive of chronic sub-areolar abscess. The patient improved on oral antibiotics |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic53911.jpg | what organ systems can be evaluated with this mri? | skull and contents |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q31eff08320kg50b9m.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2931481_F4_72506.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Quantitative 3D micro-CT imaging. Micro-CT imaging (maximum intensity projection, A, B, G, H; single-slice, E, F) of controls (A, C, E, G) and apoE-/-/LDL-/- double knockout mice (B, D, F, H). Reduced intrarenal vascular volume is present in apoE-/-/LDL-/- double knockout mice at the age of 80 weeks (B, D) compared to controls (A, C). Volume-rendering from controls (C) and double-knockout mice (D) demonstrate the reduced vascular perfusion territories of the intra-renal arterial (red) and venous (blue) vasculature. Nano-CT imaging demonstrates irregular vascular branching with luminal enchroachments in apoE-/-/LDL-/- double knockout mice (F) compared to controls (E). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4137569_fig2_314150.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Histopathological analysis of heart tissue parasitism and inflammatory infiltrate in T. cruzi-infected WT and 5-LO−/− mice (n = 8/group) on postinoculation day 16 (staining with H&E; magnification, ×200): (a) section from a WT mouse, showing numerous large amastigote nests, (b) section from a 5-LO−/− mouse, showing fewer, smaller nests, (c) section from a WT mouse, showing intense mononuclear cell infiltration, (d) section from a 5-LO−/− mouse, showing less infiltration. Photomicrographs are from one experiment representative of three independent experiments. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3980089_F1_279915.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Thalamic and pontine functional connectivity in healthy controls. The images show regions that had significant inter-subject functional connectivity to the thalamus (A) and pons (B), respectively. The color scale represents t-statistic values in the range of 4–15. A t-value of 4.22 corresponds to p < 0.001. The inserts show magnifications of the brain stem and thalamus. The arrows point to connections between the brain stem and the thalamus that were reduced in the patient during hypersomnia. A, anterior; P, posterior; L, left; R, right. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4624082_f9-rmmj-6-4-e0038_438216.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Lactogenic Hormones in SM Induce GLUT1 Intracellular Targeting in Living Mammary CellsFigure 9 is also available online as a YouTube video clip at: https://youtu.be/3oYv21jcAj4. The figure plates are from frames 16 minutes apart. All images captured with 0.5 s exposure time and are at 40× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3588210_fig1_189705.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Computed tomography sections at the level of the descending aorta (upper panel), at the level of the left renal ostium (middle panel), and at the level of the infrarenal aorta (lower panel). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3004076_F0001_81601.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | (a) X-ray of right hip joint (an anteroposterior view) showing posterior dislocation of hip in a 44-year-old male. (b) Postreduction X-ray (an anteroposterior view) shows noncongruent reduction: there is a broken Shenton’s line and increase in medial joint space. (c) CT scan shows the presence of an osteochondral fragment on the medial side of the joint. This was removed by open reduction. (d) A postoperative X-ray shows congruent reduction. The origin of the loose body was from the posterior lip of the acetabulum |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3169601_pone-0024522-g007_107780.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Activation Network for Happy Memories and Count Conditions.The group activation analysis for Happy>Count contrast revealed significant BOLD signal changes in a fronto-temporo-limbic network, while the Count>Happy contrast revealed activations in a parietal network (see text for details and Table 1 for coordinates). The activation maps are projected on a representative single-subject T1 template in the Talairach space with 3 mm separation between axial slices (the number adjacent to each slice indicates the z coordinate in mm from the bicommissural plane, with positive z indicating dorsal). The left hemisphere (L) is to the reader's right. The green crosshairs mark the center of the left amygdala ROI. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05934.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Neck computed tomography image at diagnosis: heterogeneously enhancing mass lesion on the right nasoethmoidal area. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2905619_fig08_69050.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Errors associated with two FPM strategies. A: FLAIR image. B: Segmentation results with no FPM strategy. C: Segmentation results for FPM1. The primary source of error was false negatives (misses, red arrows). D: Segmentation results for FPM2. The primary source of error was false positives (yellow arrows). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4624972_pone.0139922.g010_438557.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | a-i. Examples of non-host sand deposition below ground.A. Chambers immediately under the screen cage ~1–2 cm. Backfills are visible at higher magnification. B, C, G show deposition smoothed and incorporated in to chamber and shaft walls and floors. F, I are shafts backfilled with colored non-host sand. D, E, H show pellets of colored sand deposited in chambers. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3570112_f1-etm-05-02-0471_185007.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | DSA and CT images of patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis. (A) Preoperative stenosis rate of 99% at the M1 segment of the LMCA by DSA; (B) no notable postoperative residual LMCA stenosis in the same patient by DSA; (C–F) preoperative prolonged MTT and TTP at the left frontal lobe, left temporal and bilateral occipital lobes, respectively, by cranial perfusion CT; and (G–J) postoperative, essentially normal MTT and TTP at the left frontal and temporal lobes but high MTT and TTP at the bilateral occipital lobes. LMCA, left middle cerebral artery; DSA, digital subtraction angiography; MTT, mean transit time; TTP, time-to-peak. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvi90qk074y0jc813fp.jpg | Where in the image is the anatomical landmark? | Center, Upper-center, Upper-left, Lower-center, Lower-left |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3789035_f2-ol-06-03-0681_235338.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Expression of FLNa protein in breast cancer tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of FLNa protein in (A) Stage I, (B) II and (C) III breast cancer tissues compared with (D) normal breast tissue. All images are at ×200 magnification. FLNa, filamin A. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4117980_F2_310526.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Chick heart structure at HH18. (A) Heart schematic showing the outflow tract cushions at the inlet of the outflow tract. (B–E) Representative optical coherence tomography images of the outflow tract. Cardiac jelly appears darker in between the lighter myocardium and lumen. (B) Cross-sectional 2D image at maximal expansion. (C) Cross-sectional 2D image at maximal contraction. (D) Longitudinal 2D image at maximal expansion. (E) Longitudinal 2D image at maximal contraction. A, atrium; AS, aortic sac; C, cardiac jelly; M, myocardium; L, lumen; T, trabeculae; V, ventricle. Scale bar = 200 microns. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1661.jpg | What does this image show? | lymph nodes |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4441386_pone.0126173.g004_388956.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | F-actin localization in a T. tubifex ovarian cyst.The entire ovary double stained with DAPI and rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin. Maximum-intensity projections of the Z stacks that cover the interior of the ovary. (A and B) whole ovaries, (C) detail of area between zones II and III. Long bundles of actin filaments occur (stars) in the branched cytophore (cy). F-actin is also localized in the cortical cytoplasm (arrows) of nurse cells (nc) and oocytes (o). Confocal microscopy. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3135099_fig3_102006.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | fMRI responses in healthy young adults. (a) Activations of the v-d pathway including the IPL (BA 39/40) are found in the OF minus HO condition. (b) The HO minus OF condition shows the activation of the d-d pathway, including the SPL (BA 7; adapted from Yamasaki et al., in press [56]). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_11698.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Immediate postoperative chest X-ray |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3793009_pone-0077112-g007_236473.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | EPCs under light microscopy.(A) An EPC colony, defined morphologically as a central cluster of rounded cells surrounded by multiple spindle-shaped cells (20x magnification). (B-D) Expression of VEGFR-2 (red) and CD34 (green) was assessed under laser scanning confocal microscopy (10x magnification). Double-positive colonies (yellow) were identified as EPC colonies. Scale bar represents 20 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_38727.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Chest X-Ray at time of admission – pulmonary venous congestion bilaterally and bilateral airspace opacities. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3614268_fig373_195934.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Transaxial CT and Fused FDG PET/CT ImagesFigure 2A shows multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the left cervical region, with the largest node measuring 2.6 cm in the short axis (SUVmax 6.0 gm/ mL). Figure 2C shows a conglomerate mass of the abdominal lymph nodes with the largest node measuring 6.8 cm in the short axis (SUVmax 5.9 gm/mL). There was complete morphological and metabolic disappearance (Figure 2B and 2D) of these nodes after androgen ablation and hormonal treatment. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) PET images show pretherapy disease burden (Figure 2E) and the dramatic response post-treatment (Figure 2F). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2827477_F1_57853.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Overlay of tumor volumes as contoured on T2 and FLAIR sequences. The T2 abnormality is contoured in red and the FLAIR abnormality is contoured in cyan. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4486715_Fig2_401181.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner |
a, b A 46-year-old man suffered from lower back pain with radiation to the left leg. MR showed that the intervertebral disc for L4/L5 was herniated, and the left nerve root was compressed. d, e. The patient was treated with unilateral PLIF using a single cage supplemented with unilateral pedicle screws via the right side. f–h The radiograph and CT scan at 1-year follow-up showed bony trabeculae bridging the fusion level |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_2683.jpg | Does leiomyosarcoma show x-ray postmortcoronary angiogram rather typical example of proximal lesions? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4163661_f03_320174.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Syncrip is enriched in muscle nuclei and at the postsynapse, but is undetectable at the presynapse.(A–A″) Sensitive wide-field imaging coupled with a polycolonal antibody reveals Syncrip throughout the muscle cytoplasm, with enrichment in the nuclei (blue arrowheads) and at the postsynapse (yellow arrow). (B–B″) The Syncrip antibody is highly specific and registers little signal in the syp mutants. (C–C″) Higher magnification imaging fails to robustly detect Syncrip in the presynapse above background fluorescence. Images are maximum intensity 5 µm projections. Scale bars: (A–B″) 40 µm, (C–C″) 5 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2702159_pmed-1000107-g001_40736.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Effect of HIV-1 on B cells in terminal ileum lamina propria.Lamina propria B cell apoptosis with CD11c+ macrophage infiltration in participant 015-5, 55 d after transmission, on ART 15 d. A cluster of lamina propria B cells (A; arrows), TUNEL stain of the same area with arrows pointing out brown apoptotic nuclei (B), and the same area with infiltrating CD11c+ macrophages (C) (100×). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3170825_fig1_108080.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | (a) Gadoxetate acid-enhanced MRI in the arterial phase in a 51-year-old male with alcoholic liver cirrhosis showing a hyperenhancing nodule in the liver segment 6. (b) Equilibrium phase imaging shows isointense appearance with no hypointense washout. The diagnosis of HCC is therefore not confirmed in the dynamic vascular phases. (c) Hepatobiliary phase imaging at 20 minutes after injection shows a hypointense nodule against the background of enhancing liver parenchyma, implying lack of lesional uptake. This additional information allowed more confident diagnosis of HCC. Final histopathology was a well-differentiated Edmondson-Steiner grade I HCC. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3983218_pone-0094669-g008_280372.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Microscopic observations of E. coli Δssb::kan supported by various SSB constructs.Cultures of E. coli RDP317 (Δssb::kan) transformants harboring various SSB constructs were grown in the presence of indicated concentrations of arabinose and analyzed by phase contrast microscopy. Bars at the lower left of each panel indicate a scale of 2 μm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2993984_F0001_79908.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | (A) Right Eye fundus photo revealing whitening of the superior retina with a calcified plaque at the disc within the supero temporal artery (arrow); (B) Spectral domain optical coherence tomography OCT/SLO, OTI Ophthalmic Technologies Inc, Ontario, Canada) revealed hyperreflectivity and increased thickness of the inner retinal layers in the superior compared to inferior retina. Note the decreased reflectivity of the outer retinal layers (including retinal pigment epithelial layer) in the superior retina as compared to inferior retina probably due to optical shadowing. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3794972_pone-0076969-g006_236957.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Decrease in ANXA1 levels in affected areas of the gut in patients with CD.Indirect immunofluorescence using a mouse anti-human ANXA1 antibody is shown with sections of colon resections from non-IBD (A-C) and IBD patients (D-E) by confocal microscopy analysis. (A) ANXA1 protein is localized in cytoplasm of the epithelial cell layer (arrowheads) and dispersed leukocytes in the mucosa in the crypt (B) and villus (C). (C) Non-IBD submucosal PMN (arrowheads) show increased levels of immunolabeling for ANXA1 in the cytoplasm in contrast to IBD patients. (D) ANXA1 protein is not detected in the crypt enterocytes and (E) weakly observed in some submucosal leukocytes (arrowhead) from IBD samples (Magnification 400×). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4368838_Fig3_370261.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | IVUS echogenicity analysis at 1- (a), 18- (b) and 42-month (c). The high echogenic (including hyper = light green and upper = light blue) parameters decrease over time. d Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for the assessment of degradation of Absorb showing the in vivo degradation of polymer of Absorb over time |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3180359_F5_110044.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Findings are confirmed by cerebral angiography and colorized. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4490609_Fig1_402637.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | One patient in group A. Anterior-only approach was performed in a 40-year-old female with C7-T1 lesion and partial T2 destruction. a, b X-ray demonstrated sagittal instability and kyphosis. A pre-operative sagittal CT (c) and MRI (d) showed significant C7-T1 and partial T2 vertebral bodies’ destruction with mild kyphosis associated with epidural and paravertebral abscess formation, and the cervical spinal cord was severely compressed. A postoperative X-ray (e, f) indicated that the kyphosis got obviously improved; sagittal and coronal CT scan (g, h) showed satisfied focal clearance and decompression without graft and instrumentation-related complications and relapse of Pott’s disease at 12 months of post-operation |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2696111_fig1_40015.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Reconstructed images of an excised segment of a pig hind leg for (a) ϵ′ and (b) ϵ″. Scales are in cm. Frequency 0.9 GHz. Reconstruction using a three-dimensional gradient approach. (Reproduced from the Biophysical Laboratory, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.) |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3863443_F3_251927.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Inhibitory effects of ethanolic extract of Pogostemon parviflorus leaf on the growth of T. rubrum by agar Dilution method on Mycosel medium. The decreasing dilutions used, ranged from 0.078-5.0 mg/mL |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4313095_f5_354403.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Expression and localization of annexin A2 in human tissues.Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the differences in protein expression in human umbilical vein/artery, squamous cell lung cancer, and kidney cancer tissues. These tissues were incubated with anti-annexin A2 mAb and then (a–d) observed at ×40 for full-vision images and (e–h) at ×200 for partial vision images. The brown color represents positive identification with the anti-annexin A2 mAb. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2217533_F2_16802.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | A 13-year-old girl with congenital scoliosis with defect of formation and segmentation. A-B: AP radiographs before treatment showed left thoracic scoliosis measured 98° and thoracic kyphosis measured 85°. C:Bending films showed right thoracic scoliosis only corrected to 90°. D:The left thoracic curve correction obtained with Halo-femoral traction was 24.1%. E-F:The major curve measured 50°after posterior spinal fusion with correction rate of 49.0%. The correction rate of kyphosis was 47.1%. G-H: AP and lateral radiographs at 18-month follow-up showed solid spinal fusion with a 53°left thoracic curve and a 45° thoracic kyphosis. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3247225_pone-0028863-g002_120394.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
Mist1−/− pancreata develop periductal accumulations of inflammatory cells in response to ethanol feeding.Representative photomicrographs of Gomori's trichrome stained pancreatic sections from WT (A, B) and Mist1−/− mice (C, D) fed a LDC-HF (A, C) or LDC-E (B, D) diet for 6 weeks. Higher magnification images from the same sections (Ai–Di) were used to highlight specific morphological events. Cellular accumulations (arrowhead) surrounding ducts (*) and adipose accumulations (arrow) were observed only in LDC-E fed Mist1−/− mice. (E, F) Immunofluorescent analysis for the T-lymphocyte marker CD4 (E) indicated that these accumulations consisted of lymphocytes (arrowhead). Sections were co-stained with DAPI (F) to reveal all cells. Magnification bars = 40 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01760.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Panoramic radiograph shows the premature eruption and accelerated root formation of teeth on the right side. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4464915_F7_395984.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Photograph of a 55 year old patient presenting with right cheek mass. b) Aspirate smear shows features of Non Hodgkin lymphoma (MGGx 200) c) On immunocytochemistry, tumor cells were strongly CD20 positive (Immunostain x 200). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_41552.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Axial computed tomography scan of the temporal bone showing air within the left vestibule (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3079627_F1_92835.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Detection of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by β-catenin and vimentin immunostaining, and definition of the subsequent prognostic EMT score. Expression of the EMT markers β-catenin and vimentin in renal allograft biopsies at implantation (no EMT) and 3 months after implantation (EMT). Note that the normal basal linear expression of β-catenin became irregular and extended to the cytoplasm, and that vimentin was expressed de novo in the EMT-positive tubules. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3568782_fig02_184822.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | HRMRI of basilar atherosclerosis at level of the stenosis. Top row (A) T1 pre- and postcontrast, T2, and FLAIR images. Bottom row (B) shows same images with white dashed circle outlining artery and thin white circle outlining lumen. Lipid (white +) is isointense on T1 and hypointense on T2. Contrast enhancement of plaque (*) demonstrates ruptured fibrous cap. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3283525_F1_126585.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Multi sequence CMR (TOF angiography, T1w- and T2w- images) of a 47-year old patient with spontaneous cervical artery dissection of the left ICA. The patient presented with a left sided Horner's Syndrome. The VWH (arrows), bright in TOF and T1w images, originated from the proximal C1 segment of the ICA. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_06656.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Pulmonary arteriography with selective characterization of left pulmonary artery demonstrates decreased blood flow toward the lingular segment of the left upper pulmonary lobe. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3761233_viruses-05-01924-f003_228956.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | BHK-21 cells and HEK 293T cells were transfected with a plasmid for APN expression (A, B, D, E) and used for binding tests with soluble TGEV spike proteins. Binding was only detectable when porcine APN was expressed (A,B,D,E) and no binding was observed on cells transfected only with empty vector (C,F). A neuraminidase pre-treatment revealed an enhanced binding of the TGEV spike to the cells (B,E). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2628892_F1_32930.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Fluorescence imaging of MGH human bladder tumor xenografted on the CAM model. (A) White light image of the tumor before drug administration, (B) Ce6-PVP induced red fluorescence in tumor imaged under blue light illumination at 3 h post drug administration. Minimal fluorescence was observed in the adjacent normal CAM. (C) By displaying the fluorescent image in a pseudo color using simple image processing technique, a clear discrimination of the tumor border can be visualized. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02687.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | The depth of anterior femoral notching (h) was measured as the distance between the anterior cortex line and anterior cut line of the distal femur. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3430246_f2-ijms-13-08482_152141.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Microscopic histomorphology evaluation of bladders, from the groups under study: (A) Control; (B) Atorva; (C1 and C2) BBN; (D1 and D2) Atorva + BBN. H & E staining (100×). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4017811_F3_287750.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Microscopic examination of trans-thoracic biopsy showing a numerous glands showing an endometrioid morphology, occasional squamoid morules and relatively clear cytoplasm. (A): hematoxylin-eosin staining, original magnification ×10. (B): hematoxylin-eosin staining, original magnification ×40. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4152117_pone-0105787-g003_317352.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Immunohistochemical images of cholesterol transporters in different groups of mice.Representative images of cholesterol transporters ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI in renal tissues from control, diabetic (DM), and diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice. Original magnification x400 (A). Image-based computer assisted analysis was performed to semi-quantify the amount of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-BI in the glomeruli and tubulo-interstitium of control, DM and DN mice (B). Results were presented as mean + SD of data obtained from 5 mice per group. **p<0.01 or ***p<0.001, control vs. DM; ###
p<0.001, control vs. DN; §
p<0.05 or §§
p<0.01, DM vs. DN. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2409183_fig7_23649.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Mutation of Arg86 or Arg196 to glutamine or glutamate does not prevent MCT1 from being correctly targeted to the plasma membrane of COS cells. COS cells were co-transfected with MCT1-c-CFP and basigin-c-YFP constructs containing the mutations indicated and live cell imaging performed as described under ‘Methods’. This Figure is reproduced in colour in Molecular Membrane Biology online. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3132529_fig3_101759.jpg | What is shown in this image? | X-ray image comparing pCPC samples containing 0 to 40% ZrO2, with a commercial PMMA cement (Vertebroplastic) and an aluminium wedge with 0.5 to 2.5 mm in thickness. The X-ray opacity was measured at 1 mAs, with 40 kV (a) and 80 kV (b). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_24431.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Endocavitary US shows a cystic mass in the right ovary, which appears enlarged. Intraperitoneal free fluid. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4260507_F11_342941.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Sample tractography selection for the inferior fronto-occipital tract (IFO) from the untilted motion-free dataset as well as selections from motion-corrected datasets with 10, 30, and 70% corrupted gradient directions. Correction choices shown include outlier-based (i.e., motion scrubbing) and registration-based (using baseline and model-based reference volumes). Note that motion scrubbing cannot recover long tracts such as IFO beyond 10% motion corruption. Further, motion-based motion correction tends to recover longer tracts at high motion corruption compared to baseline-based correction. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3042899_F3_87780.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | SPECT-eZIS. SPECT-eZIS revealed reduced cerebellar blood flow, which was left hemisphere dominant. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4540758_Fig5_415554.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Immunofluorescence analysis of tumor and lung sections. The tumor sections were stained with antibodies specific for the endothelial marker CD31 (red, a + b), integrin α
v [red, c + d (inset: higher magnification)], the tumor macrophage marker CD68 (pink, e + f) and DAPI (blue) to determine the localization of PEG-PVX and RGD-PVX within the tumor. (g–i) Whole lung (g) and lung sections (h, i) from mice treated with RGD-PVX were stained for α
v integrin (red) and CD68+ macrophages (pink). Co-localization analysis was used to highlight the hotspots of RGD-PVX accumulation with integrins and CD68 macrophages (i). Scale bars = 50 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4200347_Fig7_328823.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Targeted disruption of PbIMC1c and PbIMC1e. a Gene structure of pbimc1 alleles in WT and PbIMC1-KO parasite lines. The pbimc1 gene is indicated with coding sequence (wide bars) and non-coding sequence (narrow bars). Also indicated are the enhanced GFP module (gfp) and the hDHFR selectable marker gene cassette (hdhfr). b Confocal bright-field and GFP fluorescence images of gametocytes after attempted disruption of pbimc1c (top panel) and pbimc1e (bottom panel). Hoechst DNA staining (blue) labels nuclei |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3655162_pone-0063464-g005_204748.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Apoptosis induction in Mycobacterium bovis-infected bovine macrophages.Uninfected macrophages (A), macrophages treated with camptothecin (10 µg/mL for 48 h) (C) and macrophages infected with Mycobacterium bovis field strain 9926 (B, D and E), were washed at 4 h and cultured again for 24 h. Then cells were processed by TUNEL in presence (E) or absence (D) of TdT enzyme. Chromatin condensation was present in no-infected (arrows) and infected cells (arrowheads). TUNEL-positive cells show a green-yellow mark in panel E (BrdUTP-FITC). Magnification for A to C is 63X and for D and E is 40X with a scale bar of 50 µm each. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4482291_Fig3_400340.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Assessment of AluDia biodistribution following its injection in tibialis anterior muscle at day 21. a-c: AluDia translocation in inguinal lymphatic nodes which appeared mostly empty at day 21 (cf. Table 2). d-l: AluDia particles reach liver, spleen and brain forming small clusters. In all observations, Morin stain of aluminum revealed that mfNDs and alum were co-localized in most particles. AluDia Alhydrogel® and mfND complex, mfNDs modified fluorescent nanodiamonds |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/illus_process/train_0910.jpg | Does the most common pathway lead to ER-positive cancers? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3835704_F5_245193.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Photomicrographs of the skin harvested from the paws of mice subjected to oxaliplatin (OXL)-induced neurotoxicity and treated with rutin (RUT) or quercetin (QT). The mice received two intravenous injections of OXL (1 mg/kg) per week for 4.5 weeks for a total of nine OXL injections. Rutin and quercetin (50 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally 30 min before every OXL administration. The control group received saline instead of rutin and quercetin. The figure shows hematoxylin-eosin staining (400× magnification). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4417275_Fig5_382852.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image |
Sciatic nerves of rats in each group. (A and H, Control group, showing normal sciatic nerve; B and I, Mod group, showing DPN sciatic nerve; C and J, MCB group, showing sciatic nerve of DPN rats treated with Mecobalamin; D-F and K-M, LTBK, MTBK and HTBK group, showing sciatic nerve of DPN rats treated with LTBK, MTBK and HTBK, respectively. Magnification, 400 ×). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2797395_pone-0008560-g003_53243.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Distinct localizations of myosin IIA and IIB in spreading MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells.A) Spreading cell transiently expressing cherry-myosin IIA was fixed and stained with myosin IIB antibody. A series of Z-sections were collected using confocal microscope. Inset-1 and inset-2 were drawn to study colocalizations of myosin IIA and IIB at the spreading margins and in the cytoplasm, respectively. B) and C) Blowup of a z-sections collected near the matrix. Arrow indicates cherry-myosin IIA and arrow-head shows endogenous myosin IIB. D) and E) Myosin IIA and IIB display distinct localization in the spreading margins and cytoplasm. A series of z-sections were collected using confocal microscope. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3798263_pgen-1003875-g005_238308.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Impairment of mRNA export in hos5, fry2 and rs mutants.Seedlings of C24, hos5-1, fry2-1, Col-0, hos5-2, rs40-1 and rs41-1 grown at 22°C for 2 weeks were treated with H2O (CK), 100 µM ABA or 300 mM NaCl for 3 hr. The samples were fixed by formaldehyde and in situ hybridization was performed with Alexa Fluor 488-labelled oligo-dT probe. Hybridization signals were visualized with a confocal microscope. White scale bar, 50 µm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4434225_fig1_387034.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Scans showing bone histology of the transversal sections of the 5th lumbar vertebral body of all animal groups. Group 1: baseline; Group 2: control, normal diet; Group 3: calcium-deprived diet for 4 weeks; Group 4: calcium-deprived diet, plus concomitant administration of PTH (1-34) 40 μg/kg/day, for 4 weeks. Scale bar: 500 μm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4155080_Fig6_318012.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. |
At the last follow-up visit 40 months after the first surgery, Ct scan showed that the patient was alive with the disease, complaining of no trouble with breathing.
|
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4086565_F2_304358.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Roentgenogram of cervical region showing the ‘bend’
hypodermic needle lying just below the cricoid cartilage |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05679.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Arthroscopic photograph of lateral meniscal transplant in the right knee. Viewing portal is the anterolateral portal with the knee under a varus stress to open the lateral compartment. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2533345_F1_27649.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Plain radiography of the left hand. A small, oval, radiolucent lesion partially surrounded by sclerotic bone (left). No signs of recurrence at the 2-year follow-up (right). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2930628_F5_72355.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | NMDA-induced ultrastructural changes in RGCs at 7 days where necrotic cell in the form of highly electron-dense neuronal debris (Red star, A & B, Bar = 2 μm) is seen lying adjacent to numerous membrane-bound microtubule-rich neuritic processes (C, red triangle, Bar = 2 μm) identified as dendrites under high power (D, red triangle, Bar = 500 nm); Figure E and F show reactive microglia surrounding the dendritic sprouts. (Bars = 2 μm). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2064932_F5_14680.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Morphological analysis of in vitro assembled mutant CAp24 proteins. Mutant and wild type CAp24 proteins were induced for in vitro CAp24 tubular formation (see Fig. 3). At the end of the experiment, the proteins were fixed in freshly prepared 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The electron micrographs show negatively stained thin-sections of the in vitro assembled CAp24 tubular structures used in turbidity assay. Micrographs of the CAp24 mutant D51N (A), D51E (B), D51Q (C) and the wild type CAp24 (D). Bars indicate 100 nm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1283.jpg | Is nervous present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4244220_pone-0113921-g001_339127.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Pathological section examination.A–E: Control porcine (A) lung, (B) liver, (C) spleen, (D) kidney, and (E) thymus tissue sections. F–J: PCMV-infected porcine (F) lung, (G) liver, (H) spleen, (I) kidney, and (J) thymus tissue sections. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1374.jpg | Does this image show normal lung? | yes |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3667821_pone-0063832-g002_207946.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Clinical examination.A. OCT examination demonstrated thinned retina in the proband patient with Usher syndrome (F3-III-15); B. ERG testing showed extinguished rod response; C. representative fundography of the patient. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2334.jpg | What does this image show? | wrights typical cells |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3131263_ppat-1002122-g001_101535.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Fluorescence time course in inoculated N. tabacum leaves.The development of foci of primary infection in the inoculated leaf of N. tabacum was followed over time. Patterns in vascular tissue, observed under visible light through a stereomicroscope (‘Plant A: Vis.’), were used to track fluorescence in the same region. GFP and mCherry signals were merged, and given for three example plants (‘Plant A: Fluo.’ through ‘Plant C: Fluo.’). The best time point for viewing foci of primary infection is 84 hpi: the foci have reasonably high levels of fluorescence, but the fluorescence has not spread. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3637165_pone-0063024-g003_201083.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Histological assessment of tumour response to MLN0518.
A. Tumour sections stained for the perfusion marker Hoechst 33342 (blue), endothelial marker CD31 (red) and pimonidazole adduct formation, a marker of hypoxia (green) demonstrate that the hypoxic area was lower in tumours treated with 20 mg/kg MLN0518 for 10 days than vehicle treated controls. The percentage of the total vessels perfused and the overall perfused vessel area was also lower in treated versus control tumours. Representative composite images are shown. B. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunohistochemistry demonstrates a significant reduction in α-SMA positive blood vessels in MLN0518 treated tumours compared to controls. Magnification ×200. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1117.jpg | What does this image show? | stomach primary |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3759197_f3-cancers-03-03279_228367.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | A collection of scanning and transmission electron microscope images (color added) of different nanoscale or nanostructured materials used in biomedicine. (A) Silver nanowires; (B) gold nanoparticles; (C) SiO2/Au core/shell nanoparticles (nanoshells); (D) gold nanorods; (E) dense silica nanoparticles; (F) gold nanoparticles on an inorganic support; (G) mesoporous silica; (H) Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles; (I) Fe3O4/SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles; (J) ZnO nanoparticles; (K) TiO2 nanotubes; (L) Fe3O4 nanoparticles. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2267739_f5_19068.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Color photography and angiography of an eye that received injection of 100 μg KH902 taken on day 20 after laser, days 14 and 28 after intravitreal injection. Color photo and fluorescein angiography of experimental model of choroidal neovascularization treated with injection of 100 μg KH902 is shown. Note the gray-white appearance of lesions and local retina edema on color image. The large confluent bridging lesions and extensive late leakage were shown on angiography image of right eye on day 20 after laser. On days 14 and 28 after intravitreal injection, laser lesion and late leakage decreases a little but still kept extensive late leakage. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3922305_fig1_266582.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Imaging findings show bilateral multilobulated ovarian cysts. (A) Abdominal ultrasound and (B) abdominal CT scan (3). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3954806_pone-0091848-g010_274145.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Opa-1 and Drp-1 expression in rat striatum.Representative immunohistochemistry images of Opa-1 (upper panel) and Drp-1 (lower panel). Samples correspond to sections from rats receiving a single (left) striatum injection of Mn (a,b,e,f) or a single (right) striatum injection of saline (c,d,g,h) and euthanized 7 days after. Magnification: 10X (a,c,e,g) and 40X (b,d,f,h). Scale bar: 10 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3831868_F1_244175.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Light microscopy findings at the first biopsy. (A) Many periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive paramesangial hemispherical deposits were observed, and hyaline-like materials occupied dilated capillary lumens. At the nine o’clock position, mesangiolysis was also observed. (B) Subendothelial areas were markedly widened, and filled with hyaline-like materials, which were stained weaker than paramesangial hemispherical deposits. (C) Strong IgA deposition was observed in the mesangium and along capillary walls. (A) PAS staining; original magnification 400×. (B) Periodic acid-methenamine-silver staining; original magnification 400×. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4381512_Fig2_373896.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. |
Ultrasonography of swellings. A. Well-defined hypoechoic nodules measuring 1.7cm×2.4cm were seen in the calf muscle. There were associated echogenic foci seen in the centre of the lesion suggesting calcification. B. On colour Doppler minimal peripheral vascularity was noted. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4569650_Fig3_423517.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
a White matter changes after radiosurgery of the left mesial temporal structures 15 years after therapy (TSE T2 coronal scans perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus) in patient 13 (arrowheads). b The angioproliferative nodule 15 years after treatment in patient 11 (right picture, TSE T2 coronal; middle picture, FLAIR coronal; left picture, SE T1 after gadolinium contrast intravenous administration coronal scan) (arrowheads). c Microbleed 16 years after GKRS in patient 11 (arrowheads) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1373662_F1_4591.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | a) Plain x-ray KUB showing a large left staghorn calculus. b) Intravenous urogram showing non-visualized left kidney & normally functioning right kidney. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_62456.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Intra oral periapical X-ray taken immediately after trauma, 2 years back, reveals a horizontal root fracture in 21 |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1816.jpg | What is present ? | endocrine |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.