image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2745.jpg | Does fibrous meningioma show skin, epidermolysis bullosa? | no |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3538545_pone-0053501-g005_177174.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Different degrees of mosaicism in transgenic livers.The numbers above the images indicate the percentage of EGFP positive cells (top row) and the numbers of animals (out of n = 15 animals with any degree of mosaicisim, i.e. EGFP fluorescence) within the respective group (row below). Examples for tissues of the respective groups are shown below the numbers. Scale bars, 100 µm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0946.jpg | Does the tubular lumina contain casts and the regenerating flat epithelium lines the necrosed tubule? | yes |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3729539_F3_221717.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Effect of EESP on the structural changes of tumor in CRC mice. Tumor tissues were fixed with 10% buffered formalin for 24 h. Samples were then paraffin-embedded, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Histopathological changes were observed under a light microscope. Images are representative photographs taken at a magnification of 200 ×. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4022789_F1_289306.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Lung region segmentation. (a) transverse slice; (b) sagittal slice; (c) coronal slice; (d) 3D volume rendered result. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_79106.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Showing patent ductus arteriosus type E |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0997.jpg | What do macular areas indicate? | superficial growth |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03662.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Patient’s Scanogram on Admission With a 2-cm Shortening of the Left Leg |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4629020_fig2_439746.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Contrast-enhanced CT findings after onset. (a) Horizontal cross section. False lumen thrombosis was observed. No changes in the origin of the right subclavian artery were noted. (b) Horizontal cross section. (c) Coronal cross section. The emergence of ULP in the descending aorta was observed. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4222972_pone-0112103-g007_333742.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Magnified views of EEG and BOLD locations relative to M1 (green) and S1 (yellow) ROIs.The left hemisphere and right hemispheres are presented for RT and LT conditions, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3514279_pone-0050582-g003_170539.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Effects of scaffolding on the 3D properties of the capillary bed.Phase contrast images of hMVECs in (a) collagen and (b) alginate-collagen gels on Day 3 of hMVEC seeding. Confocal microscopy images of hMVECs in (c) collagen and (d) alginate-collagen gels on Day 7 of hMVEC seeding stained for vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin (green) and cell nuclei (blue). Scale bars, 250 µm (a, b), 100 µm (c, d). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_54145.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT chest performed on post-procedure day 3 confirming no atrial lead perforation. Lead shadow/artifact remains within the right atrium, further suggesting that the actual lead is within the chamber. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4048678_F0001_295547.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Cervical computed tomography scan (body windows) on sagittal (A) and axial (B and C) views revealing an important anterior cervical osteophytosis (arrows) at C3-C4 vertebral level causing compression of the upper airway and the pharynx |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic33475.jpg | which plane is this image taken? | sagittal |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1780056_F1_8903.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Pre operative CT scan. Representative pre-operative CT scan of a patient showing a thalamic haemorrhage with associated hydrocephalus and blood in the third and both lateral ventricles. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4630320_Fig28_439979.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | SEM observation of the surface of a typical electrode, b direct current electroplating electrode, and c direct current carrier electroplating electrode [96] |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3224451_F2_116975.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the right second toe. (A) A low-intensity zone was detected within the second metatarsal head in the sagittal plane of the T1-weighted MRI scan. (B) A high-intensity zone was detected at the subchondral bone in the sagittal plane of the T2-weighted MRI scan. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3579838_pone-0057429-g005_187178.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | An in vitro comparison of the asexual development of the wild-type and ΔFcStuA mutant strains of Fusarium culmorum.Conidiogenesis by StuA deletion mutants, ectopic transformants and wild-type strains was observed with a light microscope (OLYMPUS BX41). Macroconidia of the wild-type FcUK99 strain (A) and the ectopic S20 strain (B) are formed from monophialides on branched conidiophores. Macroconidia of the ΔFcStuA mutant strains spores are generated directly from hyphae as in S12 and S13 (StuA mutants). (B) The same observations were made for FcStuA deletion mutant S19 obtained from strain Fc233B. Photos were taken with MOTICAM 2500 5.O MP live resolution (Motic). Hyphal diameter is smaller in the mutant. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2945959_F3_74730.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Indirect immunofluorescent microscopy was used to monitor the DEV antigen distribution in liver, harder's glands, cecum, spleen and kidney of the infected ducks. The tissue sections were made at 4 μm and stained with an indirect immunofluorescent technique. Images were photographed by using 20× objective. Labels on the left side of this figure indicate different organs from ducks. Negative control is shown in the left of the figure, and the staining methods are indicated above the top horizontal row. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2712140_thx-64-08-0671-f02_41730.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Examples of granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor-positive (GM-CSF+) and GM-CSF receptor-positive (GM-CSFR+) cells in the submucosa and airway smooth muscle bundle in asthma. Representative photomicrographs of bronchial biopsy sections from subjects with severe asthma illustrating isotype controls. (A) Rat immunoglobulin 2a (IgG2a), (B) mouse IgG1, (C) GM-CSF+ cells present in the bronchial submucosa and (D) GM-CSFR+ cells in the submucosa (×400). GM-CSF/R+ cells are highlighted by arrows. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4616793_F1_435866.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Abdominal computed tomography showed lesion of the retroperitoneum and urinary bladder before and after 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) therapy. (A–C) Before 131I-MIBG therapy; (D–F) after 4 course 131I-MIBG therapy; and (G–I) after 6 course 131I-MIBG therapy. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3995574_F4_282925.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Three-dimensional reconstructions of abdominal computed tomography scans. At 12 weeks, The poly-p-dioxanone (PDO) mesh (A) and the Marlex mesh (B). At 24 weeks, On abdominal CT scans, the poly-p-dioxanone (PDO) mesh (black arrow in (C)) and the Marlex mesh (white arrow in (D)). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4302142_Fig1_352024.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see |
Medication history and findings of diffusion-weighted MRI and angiography of five recurrent strokes. (A: first stroke; B: second stroke; C: third stroke; D: fourth stroke; E: fifth stroke). Recurrent thromboemboli were observed in the distal basilar artery (arrows). Finally, the left vertebral artery was permanently occluded with detachable coils after the fifth stroke. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic25418.jpg | what is the plane of the ct scan? | 3d reconstruction |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_65945.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | X-ray spine after traction showing realignment of the posterior and the spino-laminar lines. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4024196_fig7_289570.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Statistical parametric maps of regions in which MT significantly decreased with age at the p < 0.05 FWE corrected level. The SPMs are superimposed on the mean MT map for the cohort in MNI space. The color bar indicates the t score. Abbreviations: FWE, family-wise error; MT, magnetization transfer. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3338408_F1_135673.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | MRI performed before surgical resection. (A) MRI showing that the tumor has low-signal intensity on T1-weighted images. (B) Heterogeneous high-signal intensity on T2-weighted images. (C) The tumor exhibits an uneven contrast effect on T1-weighted coronal images. Arrows indicate a tumor. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2711960_F1_41652.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | CD24+CD133+ renal progenitors localize at the urinary pole of the Bowman's capsule in adult human kidneys. (A) Triple-label immunofluorescence for CD133, (green), CD24 (red) and β1 integrin (blue) showing that in a mature glomerulus, co-expression of CD133 and CD24 characterizes a subset of cells in the Bowman's capsule (white) localized at the urinary pole (UP). AA = afferent arteriola. Objective 20×. (B) High power magnification of a triple-label immunofluorescence for CD133, (green), CD24 (red) and CD106 (blue) in a subset of cells in the Bowman's capsule (white). Sections were stained as previously reported [15]. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4655052_fig2_446357.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy in a 68-year-old woman. Correlation between fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA). (a) Late phase of FA showing a typical leaking point; the yellow dashed line corresponds to the OCT scan shown in (c). (b) ICGA showing an abnormal dilation of choroidal vessels. (c) OCT B-scan showing a serous retinal detachment (SRD). (d) OCT B-scan showing the segmentation at the choriocapillaris shown in (e). (e) OCTA showing a dark area that corresponds to the SRD. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_46940.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Lateral CXR - scimitar vein seen as a curvilinear density (arrows) |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2121150_fig01_15260.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Immunofluorescence images of representative olfactory epithelia (Level 2.5 naso-turbinates). (a–f) Nasal cavity sections were prepared 3 and 7 days postinfection by WT or ΔfhaB Bordetella bronchiseptica. Only WT was able to colonize the olfactory epithelia. At 7 days postinfection, WT bacteria formed large three-dimensional structures (microcolonies). Tissues were stained with mouse anti-B. bronchiseptica antibodies. Red, B. bronchiseptica. Green, pseudo-coloured tissue autofluorescence. Magnification, × 200. Scale bars, 16.75 μm. (g–h) High-resolution images (magnification, × 630) of colonizing WT bacteria. Corresponding areas (g) and (h) are boxed in (b) and (e), respectively. Scale bars, 10 μm. (i) H&E stain of an adjacent section to (e). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2934774_fig1_72894.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | CT scan of the patient revealing the subhepatic mass. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3849334_F1_247944.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Observation of chloroplasts within subepidermal palisade cells. (A-H) Chloroplasts in subepidermal palisade cells observed using the method established here. Jigsaw-puzzle-shaped epidermal cells are seen in (A). Focal depth is gradually deepened from (A) to (H). Leaf samples are from 21-day-old plants. Arrowheads indicate focused chloroplasts. (I) Magnified view of the boxed region in (C). Focused chloroplasts are outlined in black. Bars = 50 μm (A-H) and 10 μm (I). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3776745_pone-0074635-g006_232240.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Postoperative CT scan showing the extents of en bloc resection of the tumor and decompression. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2740045_fig-003_45269.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Radiograph at 8th month postoperative period showing broken acetabular screws. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4120012_F6_311073.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | PS-HH2 complex adjuvant promotes the antigen uptake and cross -presentation and maturation of DCs. A, DC were incubated with NHS-conjugated native NY-ESO-1 or protein adjuvant complex for 3 h, fixed, stained with DAPI and analyzed via confocal laser microscopy. B, DCs were incubated with Alexa Fluor-labeled NY-ESO-1 or NY-ESO-1/complex adjuvant for 3 h, fixed, permeabilized, blocked and stained with mouse FITC-anti-LAMP1 or FITC-anti-LMP2 antibody, respectively. DNA was stained with DAPI and analyzed via confocal laser microscopy. C, Analysis of surface maturation markers of DCs stimulated with PS-HH2 for 24 h. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4416318_Fig2_382513.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | TNF-R1 expression in cell lines. Confocal microscopy analysis of anti-TNF-R1 (green) immunofluorescent staining. HEK-293 cells transfected with wild-type (WT) or mutant TNFRSF1A remained unstimulated or they were stimulated with 60 ng/mL TNF. Panel A (without TNF) and A1 (with TNF) are WT TNFRSF1A HEK-293. Panel B (without TNF) and B1 (with TNF) are S59P TNFRSF1A HEK-293. Panel C (without TNF) and C1 (with TNF) are R92Q TNFRSF1A HEK-293. Panel D (without TNF) and D1 (with TNF) are T50M TNFRSF1A HEK-293. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2963757_F0015_76856.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | (A–C)Arthrogryposis: Frontal (A) and lateral (B) radiographs of the elbow show extended elbows, pronated forearms, and flexed wrists and fingers in a baby with arthrogryposis. Frontal radiograph of the lower limbs (C) of another baby with arthrogryposis shows bilateral hip dislocations and club feet |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2058.jpg | Does abdomen show spleen, normal? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4682732_pone.0142823.g011_454059.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | MicroCT scans of skulls of two tetraploids in subgenus Silurana and two dodecaploid in subgenus Xenopus.Dorsal view is on the left and ventral view is on the right, including the lectotype specimen of Xenopus (Silurana) calcaratus (ZMB 8255A) from Cameroon and a specimen from Bioko Island (CAS 207759), holotype of X. (S.) mellotropicalis (NCSM 76797), and the holotypes of the new dodecaploid species from subgenus Xenopus: X. eysoole (MCZ A-138016) and X. kobeli (MCZ A-148037). The type specimen of X. calcaratus was preserved with its mouth ajar. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_80503.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | TRUFI image in the LVOT plane shows the pseudoaneurysm (delineated by open arrows) between aortic root and left atrium with relatively hypointense signal (due to dephasing secondary to turbulence) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3678634_f2-ol-05-05-1509_210357.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | CT examination (A–C) prior to chemotherapy and (D–F) following two cycles of chemotherapy. Arrows show metastatic lymph nodes. CT, computed tomography. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pn1dwv0832fxargun1.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3448182_F2_156629.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Clinical case no.2. A) Appearance of the lesion at the time of diagnosis. B) Biopsy of the suspected area. C) Histological image showing moderately differentiated OSCC. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2406.jpg | Is underdevelopment present? | no |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3556411_fig5_181669.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Panoramic radiograph taken at 19 years of age showing development of a supernumerary premolar. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4596008_F2_430516.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Plaque classification using optical coherence tomography. Optical coherence tomographic images illustrating both nonatherosclerotic vessel (A) and plaque (B), with evidence of focal intimal thickening and loss of layered vessel wall structure in (B). C–F, Further examples of fibrous plaque (C), fibrocalcific plaque (D), thick-cap fibroatheroma (E), and thin-cap fibroatheroma (F). Coronary guidewire artifact is denoted by * in all images. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3599790_F1_192541.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | (A) Tracheobronchial MEC with a high grade pathological diagnosis (HE; original magnification × 40). (B) Tracheobronchial MEC with a low grade pathological diagnosis (HE; original magnification × 40). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3585795_F2_189291.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | SEM micrographs of fish gelatin based film incorporated with a combination of catechin and lysozyme at different concentrations. The magnification is 5,000x for the surface and 1,200x for the cross section films. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3098061_F8_96213.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Example of well plate images and detection results by eleven algorithms. Note that the objects detected by FPD and SPL are illustrated as crosses whereas the actual segmentation results are shown for other algorithms. The original image has been contrast and intensity enhanced for illustration purposes. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4482602_pone.0130352.g005_400514.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Flexibility of thinking and brain GM.Areas of significant negative correlations between GM volume and flexibility of thinking (RWT semantic verbal fluency with change of categories) in 12 DM1 patients (green) and 15 DM2 patients (red). Voxelwise multiple regression analysis with the test outcome (pathologic / normal) and age as covariates. Age was used as a covariate of no interest. Areas with adjusted p at cluster level < 0.05 after FWE correction are shown; X,Y,Z: MNI-coordinates: negative X-values reflect left side and positive X-values right sided location. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3384927_fig1_143047.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | MRI of the knee joint of a 27-year-old haemophiliac. In the AP view (a) intra-articular blood can be noted in the lateral side of the joint (black arrow), while in the medial side a severe degree of synovitis can be seen (white arrow). In the lateral view of the MRI (b), the aforementioned hemarthrosis can also be noted (black arrow). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3443279_Fig12_155140.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | FNH in a 37-year-old woman with no liver disease. a Pre-contrast MRI, b, c arterial phase, d 3 min, e 5 min, f 8 min, g 10 min, h HCP. Big nodular lesion (thick arrows), with lobulated contours isointense in pre-contrast imaging, with arterial enhancement, washout in the PV phase and uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA in the HCP—note the fine reticular architecture typical of a FNH. The central scar (thin arrow) remains hypointense in all sequences |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07494.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Vertical optical coherence tomography sections reveal extremely thin choroid in an eye with refractive error of -14.00 diopters |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic31974.jpg | which organ system is shown in the mri? | skull and contents |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_15813.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | CT scan of the chest showing pericardial effusion and Bilateral pleural effusion in a patient with uremic pericarditis. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3995607_F1_282949.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Lung segmentation and removal of PET spill-over activity artifacts. Semi-automated histogram segmentation and morphological region growing were used to delineate the set of lung voxels on the pre-treatment staging PET/CT studies. PET spill-over activities into the lung ROI were manually contoured for exclusion. Top row: lung ROI shown (a) before and (b) after manual correction of cardiac spill-over activity. Bottom row: the region of exclusion due to tumor is show in red (c) before and (d) after manual correction. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3447331_marinedrugs-10-01631-f008_156327.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | DNA fragmentation in trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi treated with (−)-elatol for 24 h. TUNEL (panels A–F) and PI (panels G–L) were analyzed by fluorescence microscope. Gray column is differential interference contrast (DIC) and black column is fluorescence; (A,B,G,H) Representative images of untreated cells; (C,D,I,J) Representative images of trypomastigotes treated with 1.5 µM (−)-elatol; (E,F,K,L) Representative images of trypomastigotes treated with 3.0 µM (−)-elatol. Arrows indicate DNA fragmentation (green) and condensation and margination of chromatin (red). Bars: 10 µm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3584101_pone-0056593-g003_188760.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Detection of cortical and hippocampal black dots.(A) Example of the black dots detected in the cortex of mouse lemurs on MR images. (B) The number of black dots in each animal was significantly correlated with age (p<0.005). In one animal, some black dots visible on MR images (C) matched the location of amyloid deposits detected by Abeta staining (D, 4G8 staining, white circles). The level of iron within amyloid deposits was similar or slightly higher than in the surrounding parenchyma (E, Perls-DAB staining). In animals without amyloid deposition, the location of black spots on MR images (F, arrows) corresponded to focal area of microhemorrhages detected by Perls staining (G, arrows). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3603236_fig05_193308.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Anti‐KCNN2 immune reactivity in human cardiac tissue. A, Color and black‐and‐white panels show confocal fluorescence images and differential interference contrast (DIC) images, respectively, taken from nonfailing and failing hearts stained for KCNN2. Arrows denote areas of yellow fluorescence that were also detectable in the absence of the secondary antibody and result from the overlap of unspecific red and green autofluorescence in the tissue from nonfailing and failing hearts. B, Confocal fluorescence and DIC images taken from sections that were incubated with the secondary antibody only. C, Anti‐KCNN2 immunofluorescence in small‐artery walls. Scale bar, 20 μm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3267221_f2-sensors-09-10270_123716.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | (a)–(b) and (e)–(f) Clustered significant keypoints in the two images. (c)–(d) and (g)–(h) Boundary significant keypoints around tumor resection regions with circles defining the scale measures of the points. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3856110_f2-ijms-14-23140_250181.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Imaging of a metastatic and a non-metastatic lymph node (LN) by using spectral unmixing. Images of a non-metastatic LN (a–d) and a metastatic LN (e–h) cut in half are shown; (a,e) White-light images; (b,f) Spectral unmixed fluorescent signal of PpIX; (c,g) Spectral unmixed fluorescent signal of collagen; (d,h) H & E-stained images. Red arrows indicate metastatic lesions. Scale bar = 5 mm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pz1eab08320whn998o.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4628814_F1_439693.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Panoramic radiography A) and Computed tomography B,C) show bone sclerosis with scattered osteolysis of the ascending ramus. Technetium 99m bonescintigram D) shows enhanced uptake in only the right part of the mandible. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3600273_fig1_192711.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Chest CT on lung window settings shows a lobulated ill-defined mass surrounded by ground-glass opacity in the middle lobe (a) and an ill-defined masslike opacity with air bronchogram centrally in the left lower lobe (b). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic44101.jpg | what organ system is imaged? | skull and contents |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2441470_F6_24874.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Expression of selected renal marker genes in the adult mouse kidney. In situ hybridizations were performed on paraffin sections of adult kidneys taken from 12-week old mice. Whole transverse sections (upper panels) and magnifications (lower panels) are shown to illustrate marker gene expression in detail. (a) Slc5a2: proximal tubules (S1, S2). (b) Slc7a13: proximal tubules (S2, S3). (c) Slc8a1: connecting tubule. (d) Slc12a1: thick ascending limb. (e) Slc12a3: distal convoluted tubule. (f) Slc16a7: thick ascending limb, connecting tubule. (g) Cldn8: descending thin limb, connecting tubule, collecting duct. (h) Calb1: distal convoluted tubule, connecting tubule. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyedo38086ufhqs47rj.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3701487_F6_215662.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Immunohistochemical analysis of nuclear HES1 protein expression in canine osteosarcoma. Examples of low (A and B, score 2) and high (C, score 6) nuclear HES1 expression in canine osteosarcomas (D is a negative control treated only with secondary antibody). Panel B shows example of a field from a low scoring tumor (based on nuclear staining) that includes scattered strong cytoplasmic staining (arrows). All photomicrographs were taken at 40× magnification; haematoxylin counterstain. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05883.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly and increased vascularity of the proximal portion of both pulmonary arteries. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2688651_fig4_39336.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision |
SUV in NOD/SCID mice implanted with RAJI. Representative mouse treated with vehicle (Panel (a)–(c)) and enzastaurin (Panel (d)–(f)) at baseline ((a), (d)) and after 2 weeks ((b), (e)) and 3 weeks ((c), (f)) of treatment. Green circle represents the region of interest (ROI) to assess changes in FDG uptake. Pictures are a fused image of the CT and PET. Each panel contains the caliper measurements (bottom right). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3011103_F0002_82510.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | (a) Vertebral artery angiography showing a dissecting aneurysm distal to the origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery; (b) Non-subtracted angiography showing the two stents in-situ; (c) Post-PED insertion angiography in arterial phase showing partial aneurysm thrombosis; (d) Post-PED insertion angiography in the venous phase showing contrast stasis; (e) Six-month follow up MR angiography showing complete occlusion of the aneurysm and preservation of flow to the left vertebral artery. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4661841_ijms-16-25982-f010_448332.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | (A–D) Representative sections of (A) hematoxylin and eosin staining and (C) Goldner’s trichrome staining four and eight weeks after implantation (40× magnification). Abundant surrounding fibrous tissue formation and woven bone formation at the defect are visible in the Aln (5 mg)/BCP scaffold. Similar findings were observed on high power field (200× magnification) (B,D). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2339.jpg | Is arachnodactyly present? | no |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4113550_f1-etm-08-03-0769_309213.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Immunohistochemical analysis of (A) MMP-1 and (B) MMP-10 protein expression in gastric cancer and chronic gastritis tissue. The expression of MMP-1 and MMP-10 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in tissues of chronic gastritis, poorly and moderately differentiated gastric cancer and gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis. Representative immunohistochemical staining images are shown (magnification, ×200). MMP, matrix metalloproteinase. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3712711_cancers-04-00701-f002_218100.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Histologic types of ovarian cancers. (A) Serous adenocarcinoma. The tumor shows papillary structure, and the cells do not contain intracytoplasmic mucin; (B) Mucinous adenocarcinoma. Irregular glands are composed of cell with atypical nuclei and intracytoplasmic mucin; (C) Endometrioid adenocarcinoma. The histology closely resembles endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus; (D) Clear cell adenocarcinoma. The cells have clear or eosinohpilic cytoplasm, protruding into glandular lumen; (E) Macroscopic feature of peritonitis carcinomatosa. The omental fat is completely replaced by metastatic cancer; (F) Macroscopic feature of EAOC in a chocolate cyst. Circle indicates cancer lesion. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic27214.jpg | what plane was used? | axial |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4558499_fig1_420266.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Results for analysis of renal biopsy samples from CKD patients. (a) Masson staining showing tubulointerstitial collagen deposition in CKD patients. (b) Immunohistochemical staining of CD68, a marker for macrophage in biopsy sections. (c) Real-time PCR analysis of CHOP expression in renal biopsy samples. The relative expression levels for CHOP were normalized by GAPDH, and a total of six patients were analyzed. Bar=100 μm; ***P<0.001 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2078590_F4_14906.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Chest radiography with reexpanded left lung and decreased pulmonary edema. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2813273_ppat-1000739-g002_55681.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Parasite recruitment.Time-lapse images show active recruitment of individual cells into larger communities. Cells at the periphery of the community (termed “scouts”) move out and back. When these scouts come into contact with a group of cells outside the community and return (time points 5.1–5.6 min), they stimulate coordinated movement of cells at the community edge outward, toward the neighboring cells, leading to their recruitment into the community (time points 10.9–29.3min). The image series was initiated approximately 24 hours after plating and time points, in minutes, of individual images are indicated. Scale bar is 20µm. Images are taken from Video S2. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_76494.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | X-ray of calcaneum axial view showing AB and CD lines were drawn. OP represented anatomical calcaneal long axis. FG represented articular surface of posterior calcaneal facet. OĤG as the angle between anatomical calcaneal long axis and articular surface of posterior calcaneal facet is obtained by measurement 1 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4010739_F4_286157.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Functional features of the mitral cell network. Top (left) and lateral (right) view of a typical network formed by 18 mitral cells (white lines) projecting to different glomeruli (colored spheres); glomeruli are colored according to their activity during presentation of the kiwi odor; blue dots below mitral cell dendrites represent granule cell somas. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4683702_Fig1_454391.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image |
a Chest radiograph on presentation at hospital. b Chest radiograph after initial pigtail drain insertion. c Portable chest radiograph during medical emergency call. d Transverse contrast-enhanced computed tomography image on presentation to hospital – lung window. e Pulmonary embolus in division of right pulmonary artery. f Computed tomography angiogram following medical emergency team call |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07031.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Extension at the proximal osteotomy |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3829732_f2-etm-06-06-1463_243682.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the (A) hippocampus (nuclear pyknosis was visible and intercellular substance presented obvious edemas, as shown by the black arrow head) and (B) thalamencephalon in the severe injury group at 8 h subsequent to trauma (magnification, ×100). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2848861_pone-0010011-g004_61145.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Time-lapse luminescence imaging of the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of ELuc::importin α in NIH3T3 cells.The expression plasmid carrying ELuc::importin α was transiently transfected into NIH3T3 cells. Images were acquired after 3 h of transfection using 3 min of exposure time at intervals of 4 min with a 40× objective lens without binning. Numbers indicate minutes. A schematic drawing of the expression plasmid is shown on the upper panel. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3511842_fig5_170044.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Histologic analysis of mammary gland (hematoxylin-eosin staining, magnification ×200). (a): Sham group; (b): OVX group; (c): OVX + NYL treatment group; (d): OVX + ICA treatment group; (e): OVX + EBH treatment group; (f): OVX + EXD treatment group. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2408.jpg | Is hilar cell tumor present? | no |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_head/train_1212.jpg | What does this image show? | view of head with huge ulcerated mass where tumor grew to outside |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2924.jpg | Does this image show well shown vasculitis lesion of pan type? | yes |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_2658.jpg | What is present ? | Siamese Twins |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3789773_ppat-1003679-g004_235656.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Evaluating the progression of pneumonic plague in mice pre-treated with clodrosome or neutrophil-depleting antibody α-Ly-6G.(A) Lung bacterial burden in mice with and without pre-treatment with clodrosome or neutrophil-depleting antibody and after inoculation with 104 CFU Y. pestis; (B) Lung histology 48 hpi in mice inoculated with 104 CFU Y. pestis with and without prior treatment with clodrosome or neutrophil-depleting antibody. Bar graph represents experiments repeated at least three times with three to five mice. Error bars represent SEM. Histopathology shows representative images from experiments repeated at least twice. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3065437_F5_91194.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Postoperative radiographs. After surgery, scoliosis was corrected to 59°, and kyphosis to 45°, with correction rates of 31% and 22%, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1947996_F2_13008.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Autoradiograms of the Southern blot analysis of the presence of Rxfp1 and Rxfp2 mRNA in the vas deferens (NW = not washed, W = washed to remove spermatozoa) and in spermatozoa removed from the cauda epididymis. The amount of cDNA used from the vas deferens was 2 μL. Exposure to film was 2 h for Rxfp1 and 1 h for Rxfp2 transcripts. Results are representative of 3 independent determinations, each one with a different animal. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4659660_pone.0142882.g004_447612.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | DN-HCC.(a) Prior SWI demonstrates an isointensity nodule with internal tiny siderotic nodules similar to background liver, consistent with type A pattern (arrow). (b) Follow-up SWI after 14 months interval demonstrated a hyperintensity inner nodule, consistent with type B pattern (arrow). (c) The nodule was confirmed as DN-HCC by surgery pathology. Photomicrography of Prussian blue staining slide demonstrates iron-free HCC foci and siderotic noncancerous DN tissue scored as 3 (×50). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4526068_f3-mmr-12-03-4043_412087.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Electron micrographs of the glomeruli of the various groups (magnification, x15,000). N, non-diabetic control; DM, diabetic rats; B, diabetic rats treated with benazepril; M, diabetic rats treated with mycophenolate mofetil; BM, diabetic rats treated with benazepril and mycophenolate mofetil, n=2 per group. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_head/train_1212.jpg | What is present ? | maxillary sinus |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4548228_f8_417248.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Images of Ca2+ and K+ distribution in cucumber roots detected using map-scanning of an X-ray.The plants were grown under normoxic conditions (Control), hypoxic conditions (Hypoxia) and hypoxia + 4 mM CaCl2 treatment (Hypoxia + Ca2+) for 3 d. Samples comprised 1 cm of the root tips. Denser points indicate higher ion concentrations. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4130296_fig1_312993.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | A 56-year-old female with bilateral idiopathic intermediate uveitis and chronic cystoid macular edema. (a1), (b1), and (c1) and (d1), (e1), and (f1) are the fundus photos, fluorescein angiograms, and optical coherence tomography prior to treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab in both eyes. (a2), (b2), and (c2) and (d2), (e2), and (f2) are the fundus photos, fluorescein angiograms and optical coherence tomography, after treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab, which show the response of CME after intravitreal bevacizumab. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4247000_f1-ol-09-01-0219_339988.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Computed tomography (CT) images. (A) Pre-contrast CT revealing a large, solitary, well-defined mass in the spleen, with variable areas of necrosis and cystic degeneration. Contrast-enhanced CT revealing the progressively-enhanced cystic wall, internal septa and solid portion during the (B) hepatic arterial, (C) portal venous and (D) hepatic parenchymal phases. The areas of necrosis and cystic degeneration were non-enhancing. |
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