image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_3/PMC4503689_pone.0128610.g001_406340.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Material and geological settings.
A, map of Thailand showing outcrops of the Sao Khua Formation (in green) and B, close-up on north-eastern-Thailand with location of Phu Phok; C, and photograph of 4 of the eggs from Phu Phok (SK1-1, SK1-2, SK1-3 and SK1-4). Scale bar, 1 cm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2579580_pone-0003731-g006_29859.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | HIV-1 Tat induces endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial changes in frontal cortex of mice.Wild type C57Bl/6J received stereotactic injections of vehicle control or HIV-1 Tat (50 µmols) into frontal cortex, followed by sacrifice 4 weeks later. Frontal cortex was processed for electron microscopy. The upper and lower panels on the left depict normal morphology of RER and mitochondria, respectively. The upper panels on the right demonstrate mild ER dilatation with occasional vacuolization. The lower panels on the right demonstrate abnormally enlarged mitochondria with increased cristae. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2796229_fig2_53136.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | (a) Preoperative coronal contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI demonstrating a ring-enhanced mass in the sella. (b) A photomicrograph of aspiration cytology of the pus obtained during the surgery in case 2, demonstrating a cluster of neutrophils: Papanicolaou stain, scale bar; 100 μm. (c) A photomicrograph of a histological cross section from the capsule of the abscess. The capsule of the abscess was the collagen-rich layer (parenthesis). Ciliated columnar epithelium indicating Rathke cleft cyst was not present in any specimens obtained during surgery: H and E staining, scale bar; 200 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3489891_pone-0047266-g002_164112.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Follow-up MRI of a 14-year old female with an ependymoma III in the midbrain prior to IBT (upper line) and partial tumor remission 13 years after treatment (bottom line). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4038955_F1_292987.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Meta-analysis of fMRI studies of value (taken from Bartra et al., 2013). The authors extracted peak coordinates of activation from 206 published fMRI studies that investigated value computations. (A) Significant clustering of positive responses. (B) Significant clustering of negative responses. (C) Conjunction maps, showing regions with significant clustering for both positive and negative responses. (D) Results of a between-category comparison, showing regions with significantly greater clustering for positive than negative effects. (E) Detail of the striatum, illustrating overlap between the conjunction map (Panel C) and the difference map (Panel D). These data demonstrate the relative response of anterior insula, striatum and ventromedial PFC to positive and negative value. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic39024.jpg | which plane is the image shown in? | axial |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2804137_F0001_54495.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Photograph of the Left optic disc showing disc edema |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3164619_F4_106904.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Time dependent uptake of Ru@SiO2-NH2 nanoparticles. Ru@SiO2-NH2 nanoparticles uptake over 2 h (A and B) and 24 h (C and D) in UMB-SCC 745. A, C: confocal laser scanning microscopy, showing nuclei in blue and Ru@SiO2-NH2 nanoparticles in red, scale bars = 20 μm. B, D: transmission electron microscopy, scale bars = 10 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3801154_F2_238639.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Correlation between gray matter volume and perfusion (axial slices). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3260141_pone-0029438-g005_122217.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Over-expression of VEGF using RCAS retrovirus.Embryonic chick pancreas was infected with RCAS-GFP just before grafting. GFP was only and strongly expressed in the graft (A). In B, a photograph of a RCAS-VEGF-infected and grafted pancreas after 2 weeks hyperglycaemia showed the presence of blood filled spaces. In C, nestin immunohistochemsitry in VEGF-over-expressing and grafted pancreas after 2 weeks in hyperglycaemic conditions and in D, morphometry analyses of nestin immunohistochemistry (n = 4). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_arm/train_0079.jpg | What contain zones of papillary epidermal proliferation that often radiate symmetrically like the points of a crown? | common warts |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4016326_Fig2_287415.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Pulmonary angiogram by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of patient A. Axial (a) and sagittal (c) oblique multiplanar reconstruction and coronal maximum intensity projection (b) of the unroofed coronary sinus (*), the coronary sinus defect (thick arrow) and the entry of the coronary sinus into the right atrium (thin arrow). The right upper lobe drains into the right superior vena cava (dotted arrow). RA right atrium, LA left atrium, Ao aorta, SVC superior vena cava |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3737284_pone-0071070-g001_223729.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Cell line morphology.Phenotypes of the cell lines captured by microphotography are displayed pairwise. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz3doqs086u0kqy5ut2.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4220935_pone-0109997-g004_333021.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Some results of the detection of the calcified plaque.()-() are original IVUS images. ()-() are the results of our method corresponding to ()-(), respectively, where the region within the yellow contour is the calcified plaque. ()-() are the results of the manual drawing method by a cardiologist corresponding to ()-(), respectively, where the region within the red contour is the calcified plaque. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzddp2c086uexa16ca8.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 2 |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_20320.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Anteroposterior pelvic radiograph revealing right superior and inferior pubic rami fractures. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvm90y8074y3x6wco5a.jpg | How many findings are present? | 2 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3874561_F1_254627.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Showing different sections of a dog brain with the ROI as color coded areas outlined by the authors based on a stereotaxic atlas by Dua-Sharma, in order to extract PET image values for relevant regional brain areas (Dua-Sharma et al., 1970). (A) Sagittal mid section of a dog brain with identification of ROI. (B) Dorsal section of dog brain at the level of the third ventricle and caudate nucleus with identification of ROI. (C) Transverse section of dog brain at the level of the third and lateral ventricles and the habenular nucleus with identification of ROI. Color code identifies the gray matter for each ROI used. ROI, regions of interest. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3897451_pone-0085522-g003_259927.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | ROIs (ROI 1, ROI 2, and ROI 3) were drawn in the tumor and in healthy ipsi- and contralateral renal cortex.ROI 1 was the ROI of tumor tissue. Papillary RCC (a) with the characteristics of hypo-vascularity (mean CT value = 67.4 HU) showed low perfusion values (mean Equiv BV = 14.1) (B), while chromophobe RCC (C) with a moderate blood supply (mean CT value = 85.0 HU) appeared low perfusion values (mean Equiv BV = 20.8) (D) too. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3305204_F2_130192.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | CMRI of allografts hearts from the WkHt model on POD 47 (top panels, A-E) and the Non-WkHt model on POD 41 (lower panels, F-J). (A, F) in vivo T2* MRI; (B, G) tagging MRI at ED; (C, H) tagging MRI at ES; (D, I) circumferential strain (Ecc) maps derived from tagging MRI; and (E, J) ex vivo T2* MR Microscopy (MRM). The hypointensity regions/sports appeared in A, F, E and J result from MPIO-labeled monocytes/macrophages. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3158546_F10_105638.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Effect of GSNO on enhanced expression of synaptophysin, BDNF, and TrkB at 14th day after TBI. IHC photomicrographs show reduced expression of synaptophysin (A, red fluorescence), BDNF (B, brown diaminobenzidine staining), and TrkB (C, red fluorescence) in the traumatic penumbra region of the TBI group. Sham and GSNO groups show enhanced expression of synaptophysin, BDNF and TrkB compared to the TBI group. Photomicrographs are representative of n = 3 in each group. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4332432_Fig4_359826.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see |
Findings of contrast-enhanced computed tomography, barium-swallow esophagogram and endoscopy in four cases. (1) Gastrointestinal stromal tumor located on the left side of the middle third of the thoracic esophagus. (2) Tumor located on the lower third of the esophagus was histopathologically diagnosed as leiomyoma. (3) Large tumor located on the lower third of the esophagus was histopathologically diagnosed as leiomyoma. (4) Tumor located on the lower third of the esophagus was histopathologically diagnosed as leiomyoma. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3953676_F6_273802.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | (A–H) IMRT treatment plan with contoured target volume in axial, coronal, and sagittal view for the nasopharyngeal volume (A–D) and the neck volumes (E–H). (I–L) Cyberknife treatment plan with the target volume in axial, coronal, and sagittal views. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC1853117_ppat-0030057-g001_10543.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner |
S. epidermidis Kills C. elegans and Causes Intestinal Distension(A) C. elegans killing assays on lawns of live S. epidermidis 9142 (squares), heat-killed S. epidermidis 9142 (triangles), or B. subtilis strain RL2244 (diamonds).(B) Survival of C. elegans exposed to live S. epidermidis 9142 (squares), admixtures of live S. epidermidis 9142 and heat-killed E. coli OP50 at a ratio of 1:1 (circles) or 1:5 (diamonds), or heat-killed E. coli OP50 alone (triangles).(C) N2 C. elegans were exposed to B. subtilis RL2244 or S. epidermidis 9142 for 24 h and then visualized by Nomarski differential contrast microscopy. Arrows demarcate the intestinal tract lumen. Magnification, ×40. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_33529.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | 5 MHz sector scanner. 2 cm diameter pleural abscess appear as anechoic areas containing numerous hyperechoic dots bordered distally by broad hyperechoic concave lines representing the capsules. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08146.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Axial CT image, bone window. A patient treated 10 years earlier by external irradiation for a right-sided parotid malignancy, now presenting with oral pain and mucosal dehiscence. Extensive resorption of spongiosa in right mandibular body (compare to opposite side), and destruction of both lingual and buccal cortex, complicated by pathologic fracture (arrowheads). Intra-osseous air bubbles are seen. Histopathological study showed necrotic bone with signs of osteomyelitis. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4567778_Fig2_422999.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | CTA coronary angiography showed the relation between aneurysm and left main trunk. Abbreviations LV: Left ventricle; LA: Left Atrium; RV: Right ventricle; RA: Right Atrium; A: Aneurysm; RCA: Right Coronary artery; LAA: Left Atrium Appendix; AR: Aortic Root |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3702654_f2-etm-05-06-1649_215993.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Case 2. (A) Computed tomography (CT) imaging prior to treatment (3/2/2009); (B) CT imaging following treatment (10/20/2010); (C) upper lobe of the right lung prior to treatment (3/11/2009); (D) upper lobe of the right lung following treatment (10/20/2010). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3592864_pone-0056923-g003_190820.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Echocardiographic staging and standard echocardiographic parameters among 4 subgroups.a: Reduced LSsys was defined as less than the mean from the control group minus 2SD. Group normal: no reduction of LSsys in any segment; Group mild: only basal reduced LSsys; Group intermediate: basal and mid reduced LSsys; Group severe: reduced LSsys in all apical, mid and basal segments. b: Mean NYHA class, LV mean thickness and E/É increased while left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, septal mitral annular displacement, as well as tricuspid plane annular systolic excursion decreased in proportion to increased number of involved segments with reduced LSsys. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2972.jpg | Is amyloidosis present? | no |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4519738_f8_410392.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Impact of exogenous Gal-1 on germ cell apoptosis.Testes from mice immunized with TH and adjuvant and injected with saline solution (vehicle) or recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) were removed, paraffin-embedded, and processed by in situ TUNEL assay. A- Representative microphotographs of TUNEL assay performed in EAO testis sections from mice treated with vehicle (A and C) or rGal-1 (B y D) and counterstained with eosin. TUNEL-positive cells are stained in blue. B- Quantitative assessment of TUNEL-positive cell number in 100 tubules per testis evaluated in a blinded fashion in each group. Each symbol represents a single mouse. (p = 0.05). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2488350_F5_25947.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Time-course of midgut DENV infection in Ae. aegypti DS3 strain. Immunofluorescent labelling with the specific antibody anti-DEN-2 protein E was followed by confocal microscopy. MGs were dissected from DS3 mosquitoes 5, 13, 26 h and 14 d after infection. Cardia/AMG (panels A, D, G, J), aPMG (panels B, E, H, K), pPMG (panels C, F, I, L). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/cell_other/train_0229.jpg | Did the areas of white chalky deposits stain red and cytoplasm green? | no |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2303.jpg | What is present? | malaria plasmodium vivax |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3294526_F1_128425.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of case-patient’s brain. A) MRI at hospital admission shows ill-defined T2 changes in both cerebellar hemispheres, periventricular white matter, and the pons. B) MRI of the brain 1 month later, showing nearly complete disappearance of the changes observed at admission. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyxdokc086ubs37gdyc.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | No |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1457.jpg | Is endocrine present? | yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4420426_F2_383442.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Figure 2: CT scan showing microphthalmia |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic56910.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | spine, epidural abscess |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1046.jpg | Does lower chest and abdomen anterior show epithelial hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3759754_F1_228645.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Representative axial Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomography images of the patients. Arrows show the approximate location of each lesion (patient codes are according to the order in Table 1). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3096611_pntd-0001048-g002_95640.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Microscopic appearance of Paragonimus eggs after different staining techniques.Brownish to reddish colored Paragonimus eggs in Ziehl-Neelsen stained sputum (10× objective, 100× magnification) (A and B). Paragonimus egg in the Ziehl-Neelsen stained sputum with 100× objective (1000× magnification) (C). Auramine stain examined by fluorescence microscopy with 60× objective (600× magnification) (D). Wet slide after the bleach concentration technique (E); from left to right: Paragonimus egg that is empty, one that appears unchanged, and one egg without the operculum examined with 10× objective (100× magnification). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic15491.jpg | what is abnormal in the ct scan? | arcuate uterus |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3233431_f5-ijms-12-07692_118509.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Subcellular localization of TaHO1 by transient expression of the fused fluorescent proteins. Microscopic images of GFP (A and D), chloroplast autofluorescence (B and E), and merge (C and F) from tobacco epidermal cells infected with Agrobacteria harboring the GFP constructs. GFP fused to TaHO1 transit peptide (A–C, scale bar = 20 μm) and GFP alone (negative control, D–F, scale bar = 25 μm). The photographs were taken in the blue channel (A and D), red channel (B and E), or their combination (C and F). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic36702.jpg | which plane is this image in? | sagittal |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3197475_F2_112371.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | FDG-PET scan: intracystic kidney infection in a CKD patient with multiple cysts. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3623111_fig1_197991.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Different central manifestations between electrical acupuncture and local somatothermal stimulation at peripheral acupoints. Manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats after EA (a) at acupoint LI 4 and LSTS (b) at acupoint GB 24. The results showed that EA induced activation of pain-modulation nuclei such as the periaqueductal grey (PAG); however, in contrast, LSTS did not induce such activation. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4057927_F2_298186.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Superior cerebellar artery aneurysm. Reformatted 3-D CT angiography of right superior cerebellar artery showing A. a 4.2 mm aneurysm (arrow) on Nov 5, 2012 and later B. with significant resolution of aneurysm (arrow) after 3 months of amphotericin therapy on Feb 5, 2013. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2771101_fig03_49809.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | 3D reconstructions of the injection sites (left column) and the resulting labeled neurons (right column) in the contralateral ICs derived from injections in three cases. Top parts of each panel show transverse views; bottom parts of each panel show horizontal views. A: Case 279 (see also Fig. 4). B: Case 78 (see also Fig. 5). C: Case 35 (see also Fig. 6). Scale bar = 1 mm. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com.] |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic33462.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | nonossifying fibroma |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3488028_F2_163642.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Case 1. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome-related mixed cryoglobulinemia with peripheral neuropathy, skin lesions, and glomerulonephritis. The chest radiograph (a) and computed tomography scan (b) showed bilateral pleural effusion and alveolar infiltrates. The kidney biopsy showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with abundant infiltrating monocytes and intracapillary "protein thrombi" (c, Masson’s trichrome stain, x400) and “double contours” (d, Jones’ silver stain, x400). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2890017_F1_66985.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Ultrasonography showing dilated splenic vein of our patient. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gm0s563071u1wfnfv5i.jpg | How many findings are present? | 1 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4086571_F3_304372.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | CT scan of the facial bones |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3039979_f5-ijms-12-00773_87418.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | MALDI-TOF IMS of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE, top row) and frozen (bottom row) ovarian carcinoma. FFPE sections were treated with antigen retrieval. Frozen sections were washed using a previously described protocol. Both sections were digested with trypsin and coated with CHCA matrix using an ImagePrep station. Figure reprinted, with permission, from Gustafsson et al. 2010 [64]. Scale bars = 2 mm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3524759_F3_173988.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | SKM, CAFM, and SCM images (left column) and 3D views (right column) of BPA-etched GeSi QR. (a) Height image measured simultaneously with the CPD image, (b) CPD image obtained at an AC modulation of 2 V and a lift height of 10 nm. (c) Current image measured at a sample bias of −1 V. (d) dC/dV amplitude image obtained by applying 2 V AC modulation to the sample. Each scale bar is 50 nm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_06129.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Dilation of the common bile duct, with an angle in the medial tract (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC1481600_F8_5844.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Confocal microscopic images of suspended MT-2 cells incubated with R.I.CK(fluorescein)-Tat9 (A, B), PEG3.4 K-R.I.CK(fluorescein)-Tat9 (C, D) and PEG10 K- [R.I.CK(fluorescein)-Tat9]8 (E, F) for 24 hours (all 1μM relative to Tat9). (A, C and E show fluorescence images while B, D and F are light images generated by differential interference contrast (DIC) of the same fields. All focal planes are through the middle of the cells. A and C show bright intracellular fluorescence, while E shows primarily cell surface bound fluorescence. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4574557_pone.0138366.g008_424706.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Human retinoblastomas express ACOT7 and DLL3.Immunohistochemistry was performed on four retinoblastoma samples obtained from four individual pediatric patients. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of each retinoblastoma (retinoblastoma 1–4) shows identified tumor (Tumor) and adjacent retina (denoted with an asterisk). Control staining served as a negative control (no primary; secondary antibody only; hematoxylin counterstain). In four of four cases, retinoblastomas display expression of ACOT7 and DLL3. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2094712_F2_15036.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Fine needle aspiration Cytology. A. A small cluster of spindle and round cells with pleomorphic nuclei. B. A medium sized cluster with loosely cohesive round cells with hyper chromatic nucleus. C&D. A Large cluster with very loosely cohesive signet ring cells with eccentric, hyperchromatic, pleomorphic nuclei. E&F A large cluster with loosely cohesive round to polygonal foamy cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. G. Giant-sized foamy cells with eccentric nuclei. H. Giant binucleated foamy cell. Magnification (Giemsa, × 100). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4491654_pharmaceuticals-08-00176-f002_403038.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Effects of edaravone on the expression of the immunoreactivity of NeuN and p-CaMK II in the hippocampus (A) and DCX in the dentate gyrus (B) of the mouse hippocampus. Sagittal sections three days after 2VO surgery were stained with specific antibodies against NeuN (red), p-CaMK II (green) or DCX (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Representative immunohistochemical stainings were shown from eight images per each group. The scale bars of A and B show 200 μm and 100 μm, respectively. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2300.jpg | What is present ? | bone marrow |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2630308_F2_33080.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Laparoscopic approach demonstrating an inflammatory mass corresponding to the Meckel's diverticulum (arrow) adherent to the abdominal wall (*). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3697227_fig2_214807.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Brain MRI and magnetic resonance (MR) venography (AP view). (a) Hemorrhagic infarction was noted in the right parietal lobe on T2-weighed imaging. (b), (c) MR venography showed occlusion of the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses, both transverse sinuses, and bilateral sigmoid sinuses. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3596697_jbr-24-06-479-g001_191499.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of the right coronary artery.A: right coronary artery (RCA) angiography. B: after pre-dilation. C: a 2.75×29 mm Partner stent was deployed at the distal RCA. D: a 2.75×24 mm Partner was deployed stent at the median RCA. E: dislodged stent. F: the dislodged stent was found in the anterior trunk of the left renal artery. G: a 3.0×21 mm Partner stent was deployed at the proximal RCA. H: final angiographic result. Arrow indicates stent. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03664.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Final kissing. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4046497_F3_294916.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Histological observation of lung injury in the control, L, L + P, H and H + P groups. Lung tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Photomicrographs were taken at 400× magnification. One representative image for each of the lung microscopic photograph in the (a) the control group, (b) the low tidal volume group, (c) the low tidal volume + PKC inhibitors group, (d) the high tidal volume group, (e) the high tidal volume + PKC inhibitors group in three independent experiments is shown. The low tidal volume was 7 ml/kg; the high tidal volume was 42 ml/kg. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvm90xc074y5yp9azlb.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic36187.jpg | is this a ct scan? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4366685_F12_369760.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Diancta
distorta sp. n. 32 Holotype MNHN IM-2000-27425, Viti Levu, Qauia village, 20–50 m, H = 2.39 mm 33 paratype, last whorl opened to show internal lamellae (enlarged, not to scale) 34 operculum 34a inner surface 34b outer surface). Figure 32 ×10, Figure 34 ×40 magnification. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3416769_pone-0042977-g004_149304.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | PfAtg8 localizes to tubular and branched apicoplasts.
P. falciparum transfectant expressing ACP-GFP at late trophozoite and early schizont stages was stained with anti-GFP and anti-PfAtg8 antibodies and MitoTrackerRed CMXRos, and visualized by confocal microscopy. Scale bar, 1 μm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4451234_F4_392081.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Localization of correlations between Δ intensity (A) and Δ unpleasantness (B,C) ratings and changes in fMRI activation over time for dyspnea perception [(dyspnea late-baseline late)-(dyspnea early-baseline early)]. (A) and (B) show negative correlations, while (C) shows positive correlations. Correlations displayed at p uncorr < 0.005 are superimposed on a representative single subjects T1-weighted MR image. Color-bars indicate T-values. OFC, orbitofrontal cortex; R, right. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3466189_pone-0046897-g002_159284.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | The expression pattern of HPY2 and SIZ1 in planta.The promoter activity of HPY2 and SIZ1 in aerial tissues as visualised by the GUS activity in HPY2pro:GUS and SIZpro:GUS plants. The HPY2 promoter activity is detected in the anther, leaf vein and hypocotyl cells while the SIZ1 promoter activity is detected in stigma, leaf vein, young seeds and hypocotyl cells. The images for true leaves (upper panel) are magnified by ∼4-fold (lower panel) to show clear GUS signals in leaf veins. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4174130_PRACTNEUROL2013000768F7_322307.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Comparison of resting-state networks identified from magnetoencephalography and fMRI data independently. (A) Default mode network, (B) left lateral frontoparietal network, (C) right lateral frontoparietal network, (D) sensorimotor network. (Adapted from Brookes et al14). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3735535_pone-0071428-g001_223216.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Dental microwear photosimulations in 2D and 3D.Example of photosimulations in two dimensions (A–D) and three dimensions (E–H) of the browser
Sylvicapra
grimmia
. Scans are from four adjacent areas (totaling ~204 x 276 µm2, with each scan representing and area of ~102 x 138µm2). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic33650.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | cerebellar hemangioblastoma |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3459789_F1_157722.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Inhibition of bladder epithelial repair in CBA/J/Hsd mice following treatment withas-APF. H&E stained bladder sections from mice treated with as-APF following bladder epithelial injury show inhibition of epithelial regeneration as compared to mice treated with PBS or inactive control nonglycosylated peptide. A) 3 days of as-APF treatment; B) 14 days of as-APF treatment. Representative data shown for the 3 mice in each treatment group from one experiment; experiment performed five times. (200X final magnification). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3034186_F4_86403.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | CD36 stimulation reduces BM thickness in high cholesterol fed ApoE −/− miceTransmission electron microscopy of Bruch's membrane (BM) thickening (arrows) in WT mice under ND (A), ApoE−/− mice under HFHC treated with NaCl (B) or EP80317 (C). HFHC diet increased BM thickness in ApoE−/− mice; this effect was prevented by CD36 stimulation using EP80317 (EP: 300 μg/kg, sc) (C,D). Scale bars: 1μm. RPE refers to retinal pigment epithelium, and Ch to choroid. Values are mean ± SEM; n=5/group. **p<0.05 compared to values without asterisks. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3537650_F1_177103.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Coronary angiography showed no significant stenosis of the coronary arteries (left coronary artery[A,B] and right coronary artery [C]). Left ventriculography showed systolic apical ballooning with mild basal hypercontraction [D,E]. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_22716.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | MRI (Axial T2-FRFSE Fat SAT). The well-circumscribed multinodular mass with heterogeneous intensity of this retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Star for tumor, triangle for gelatinous components (2). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2885641_F0001_66135.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Contrast enhanced CT scan of the pancreas showing cystic lesions in the body and tail of pancreas. Splenomegaly is also noted. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4254464_pone-0113589-g001_341354.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Axial images of the colon in an 80-year-old man (BMI = 27.7) with T1-2 sigmoid colon cancer.(A, B) VNE and TNE images show similar pictures of focal bowel wall thickening (white circle) in the sigmoid colon with smooth outer border. (C, D) 50% iodine overlay image and enhanced WA image during the portal venous phase show transmural enhancement (white circle) of the sigmoid colon cancer and smooth outer border. These findings suggest pathologic stage T1-2. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4128651_pone-0104181-g002_312719.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Tumor satellite lesion displays hyperintense on NOE mediated CEST.Tumor satellite of a glioblastoma subcortical temporal right in a 67 year old woman. The satellite presents a clear enhancement on CE-T1 (arrow in A) and barely displays on the T2-weighted image (arrow in B). In contrast, the satellite displays clearly hyperintense on CEST based on MTRasym (C) and matches with the area of contrast enhancement on the CE-T1 image (A). Furthermore also CSF in lateral ventricles and cerebral sulci displays hyperintense on MTRasym. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_57778.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Coronal reformatted CT at bone window settings in a 7-year-old boy who had previously been treated for leukaemia with chemotherapy and a bone marrow transplant. Routine follow-up axial CT during a febrile episode had failed to demonstrate the partial vertebral collapse of T4 due to treatment-induced osteopenia. The T4 vertebral collapse is clearly evident on coronal reformatted images (arrow). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3332319_Fig3_134629.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Nonunion after internal fixation of a posterior Monteggia fracture dislocation. a, b Loosening of the plate and screws and instability; c, d After hardware removal, debridement, a posterior plate is contoured to cradle the proximal ulna; e Using the femoral distractor alignment was obtained; f Final appearance intra-operatively after plating and bone grafting; g Postoperative radiograph. Case courtesy Jesse B. Jupiter (Source: Marti and Kloen [26]) (Copyright owned by David Ring, MD, PhD) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3986373_pone-0095082-g003_281060.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Example of individual results for the motor imagery task versus rest.For each subject, the ROI showing highest consistency across scanning sessions is displayed: occipito-parietal junction (C01, C07 C14), parahippocampal cortex (C02, C06, C13), dorsal premotor cortex (C03, C04, C08 at 3T and 1 run at 1.5T), retrosplenial cortex (C05, C11), and precuneus (C08 at 1.5T, C09, C10, C12). Participants C03 and C12 failed to show significant activation in the scanning session at 1.5T when only 1 run was analyzed but succeeded when both runs were analyzed. Results are thresholded at a FWE-corrected p<0.05. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3660526_pone-0064619-g003_206036.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | RPE cells die from exposure to oxidative agents, but IFNγ and TNFα reduce the level of NaIO3/H2O2-induced death.Micrographs of RPE cells cultured in fresh medium (Ctr) or with 2 mM H2O2 or 1 mM NaIO3 for 24 hours, alone or with IFNγ, TNFα, IFNγ+TNFα, or 50% PCM added. All micrographs were taken at 100× magnification and are representative of the entire well. At least three replicates were performed for each treatment. Black bar in upper left image, 100 µm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3498271_pone-0048098-g004_166022.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Imaging the multi-layer structure of micro-colony.Imaging was carried out as described earlier for the case of Fig. 2 that the sectioning thickness of CLSM was set at 0.5 µm. All phase-contrast images were taken at the same scale to show the change in sizes of growing micro-colonies: (A) 5 h; (B) 6 h; (C) 7 h. To the right of individual phase-contrast images are the xz plane along the D line of the micro-colony. In each vertical panel, the images were taken for the middle, upper and bottom parts of the micro-colony, respectively. Note: the magnification of the confocal florescence images were 3.5 times that of the phase contrast images. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2471.jpg | Where is this? | oral |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3423717_f2-rado-45-01-22_150987.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | The axial (A) and coronal (B) contrast enhanced fat suppressed T1-w MR images show intense enhancement of the lesion (arrows). The diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) (C) and the corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map (D) demonstrate signs of increased restriction in diffusion, a finding in keeping with the high cellular nature of the tumour. Area in dashed line corresponds to the biopsy selected site. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3009442_F0002_82044.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | CT scan of abdomen showing, large calcified mass in left lower abdomen with extensive retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymphadenopathy |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4322636_F6_356926.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Axial, coronal, and sagittal views of the brain showing the non-normalized weighted-network local efficiency in the regions where it had the strongest association with (A) Full-Scale IQ, (B) Verbal Comprehension Index, (C) Working Memory Index, and (D) Processing Speed Index. Labels correspond to those shown in Table 5. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_15939.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | At postoperative excellent. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2747426_F0005_46487.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Real-time fMRI (vendor provided - Inline BOLD) vs offline processing using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Inline BOLD fMRI coregistered on 3D-FLASH images with a time-activity curve of a patient with seizures due to a frontal mass lesion, obtained after bilateral finger tapping and verb generation task, is compared to the fMRI results with a time-activity curve after offline processing using SPM2 of the same data set and subsequent coregistration onto 3D-FLASH images using MRIcro software. Note the similarity in activation with real-time processing using inline BOLD and offline processing techniques using SPM2 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3554727_pone-0053359-g004_181350.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Formation of organoids by hPrEC cells in-Matrigel or on-Matrigel.Morphology of hPrECs grown on plastic (A), in-Matrigel (B), and on-Matrigel (C), scale bar 50 µm. Confocal microscopy analysis of organoids on-Matrigel stained with anti-CEACAM20 (green) (D) or anti-CEACAM1 (E) (green), phalloidin (red) and DAPI (blue), scale bar 50 µm. HE staining (F) and immunohistochemisctry staining of isotype control (G), CEACAM20 (H) and CEACAM1 (I), scale bar 20 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_68304.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | T2 post-contrast coronal MRI image of brain showing extension superiorly into the sella and posteriorly into the prepontine cistern with soft tissue prominence of right cavernous sinus with associated encasement of the right internal carotid artery. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1805.jpg | What does this image show? | primary in stomach |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3577762_pone-0057060-g001_186722.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Study subjects and imaging evaluation.(A) Pedigree of family PJ-IBGC. The proband is indicated by an arrow. Filled symbols represent affected individuals, including both symptomatic (black) and asymptomatic (gray). (B) CT scan of the affected individuals. (C) MRS examination of a 4-year-old girl. I 1: a 54-year-old man; II 1: a 37-year-old woman; II:3: a 24-year-old man; III 1: an 11-year-old girl; III 2: a 4-year-old girl. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic13034.jpg | what plane is this? | axial |
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