image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_4/PMC4523825_F2_411586.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Skin innervation. Confocal images showing skin innervation in the unaffected (A,C,E) and affected side (B,D,F) in a representative patient with PHN. Severe epidermal and dermal nerve fiber loss is visible in skin biopsy specimens from the affected side (B vs. A). The epidermis in the affected side displays a long tract devoid of nerve fibers and nerve fiber clusters (D vs. C). Striking unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fiber loss around hair follicles (F vs. E). Bars: 100 μm in (A,B,E,F); 25 μm in (C,D). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4409296_pone.0124821.g001_380727.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | The male patient aged 47 years was admitted 2 days after left elbow injury induced by falls.a,b. Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films before operation shows dislocation of left elbow joint, ulnar coronoid process fractures, and radial head fractures; c,d. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction before operation shows dislocation of left elbow joint, comminuted fractures of ulnar coronoid process, and comminuted fractures of radial head; e,f. Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films were taken after fixation was conducted by applying medial and lateral elbow approaches; g. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction of vertical plane after operation indicates that elbow joint recovers with concentric reduction. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1626485_F3_7582.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Microscopic examination showed a variety of cell lines – squamous epithelium and sebaceous glands (Fig. 3A), cartilage (Fig. 3B), pancreatic tissue (Fig. 3C), gastric glands (Fig. 3D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3544607_F1_178966.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | CT scan showing the 20 x 14 cm simple liver cyst. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3813802_f1-ol-06-05-1421_240312.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Immunohistochemical expression of PIN1 in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC). Tumor cells showing a strong immunoreactivity for PIN1 in the nuclei of the tumor cells, while the benign bile duct cells are negative for PIN1 expression (arrows). (A,B) Well- (C) moderately- and (D) poorly-differentiated ECCs. Magnification, ×200. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3935957_pone-0089979-g002_269777.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | MRI analysis of murine myocardial infarction.Infarct size in VEGF-A upregulated (shRNA) and in control (shRNA Control) groups measured using MRI (a), and representative examples of short axis cine images with outlined (red lines) infarcts in late diastole at days 4 and 14 in both shRNA and shRNA control animals (b). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3770602_pone-0074382-g002_231101.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Lack of rearward surface flow in crawling cells.Two cAR1-paGFP expressing cells in which the front (A) or lateral side near the front (B) has been photoactivated crawling toward a cAMP source. Fluorescence and DIC images taken as in Figure 1. From left to right: before photoactivation, immediately after activation and 1, 2 or 3 minutes later. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3503275_fig1_167478.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | (a) MRI brain, axial T1 weighted image with gadolinium depicting anterior frontal bilateral abscesses. (b) MRI brain, axial T1 showing the orbital disease. (c) MRI brain, axial T1 demonstrating gadolinium enhancement around the left carotid artery canal. (d) T2 axial image demonstrating the absence of signal void at the left carotid artery. (e) MR angiography depicting complete occlusion of the left internal carotid artery cervical and cranial base segment. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1797842_f3-ehp0115-000107_9597.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Pathologic findings of toxic hepatitis cases. (A) PAS-stained liver from case 5 showing spotty necrosis of hepatocytes and clumped Kupffer cells containing PAS-positive material (arrows); these find-ings are compatible with the remission stage of acute hepatitis and with toxic hepatitis (magnification, 400×). (B) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)–stained liver from case 1 showing portal tracts that are slightly enlarged and infiltrated with inflammatory cells (magnification, 400×). (C) H&E-stained liver from case 5 showing central to portal bridging necrosis (magnification, 200×). (D) Masson trichrome staining of liver from case 4 showing wide periportal necrosis extending into the portal-to-portal area, with regenerative nodules present (magnification, 100×). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2931394_fig3_72415.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image |
Rat strain differences in susceptibility to alcohol-induced hepatic fibrosis: histological sections of liver were stained with Sirius red to detect collagen. Photomicrographs depict livers from (a, c, e) control or (b, d, f) ethanol-exposed (a), (b) FS, (c), (d) LE, or (e), (f) SD rats. Note more prominent peri-hepatocyte Sirius red-positive collagen fibrils in ethanol-exposed livers and more extensive labeling in LE compared with FS and SD ethanol-fed rats. Original magnification: 650x. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3240899_F4_119540.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Effect of formulation Om3/terp administration to surviving diabetic rats on pancreas architecture. Figure 3 presents the histopathological examination of pancreas. In control rat, the pancreas shows normal islets (Con). In alloxan-treated rats pancreas a severe β-Cells atrophy was shown where the most pancreatic islets were completely empty after 8 weeks of alloxan administration (Diab day60). In formulation Om3/terp treated diabetic rats; a patent protective action of β-Cells was shown and only initial stages of atrophy of β-Cells were observed (Diab + For). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1436015_F3_5109.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Target accuracy. Concepti dissected a few hours after ultrasound-guided microinjections of a 13.8 nL volume containing 3 μm diameter fluorescent beads. In these examples, there were few (e.g. arrows in A&D) or no beads considered off-target (e.g. B&C). The ectoplacental cone region was targeted in (A) at E6.5 and (B) at E7.5. At E7.5, the exocoelomic cavity (C) and amniotic cavity (D) were also targeted. AC, amniotic cavity; EPC, ectoplacental cone region; Exo, exocoelomic cavity. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4391481_Fig2_376572.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented |
Radiologic evaluations of a 55 year old male patient with Sanders type-II intra-articular calcaneal fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation using the sinus tarsi approach. (A) Preoperative plain radiographs and CT scans (B) Postoperative plain radiographs. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qf1et708329xdk2qbb.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4044116_F1_294115.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | a-c. Planning of the 3D navigator-gated PSIR sequence on coronal (a), transversal (b) and sagittal (c) planes. The navigator box is placed on the right hemidiaphragm, the field of view covers the whole heart and rest slabs are used to prevent interference of navigator and subcutaneous adipose tissue. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2911760_F5_70056.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Representative photomicrographs of lung stained with H&E (left panels) and TUNEL (right panels). Animals were randomly assigned to hypovolemia (HYPO), normovolemia (NORMO) or hypervolemia (HYPER) with recruitment maneuver (RM-CPAP) or not (NR). Note that in the HYPER group, the number of apoptotic lung epithelial cells was higher than in NORMO and HYPO (arrows). Photographs were taken at an original magnification of × 200. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3641248_Fig1_202462.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | (Case 1) a Sagittal T1- and T2-weighted images showing collapsed vertebral body with formation of a cavitary lesion at the L1 level. b Radiograph of the spine after BKP reveals effective filling of cystic fracture cavity |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3477530_fig1_161519.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | CT scan of abdomen/pelvis with and without contrast as seen during follow-up imaging: lipid-rich adrenal masses bilaterally, right adrenal mass 4.8 × 3.3 cm, previously measured approximately 5.0 × 3.5 cm. Left adrenal mass is 3.8 × 3.3 cm, previously measured 3.7 × 2.9 cm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3847585_F3_247557.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed a submucosal tracheal tumor (arrow). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3928862_fig4_268101.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | p75NTR localization in E-reeler retina. Confocal microscopy showing images of GFP-expressing RBCs (green), p75NTR immunoreactivity (red), and nuclear staining (blue). Arrows point to a noticeable staining of RGCs, RBCs, and accessories/glial cells localized in the GCL/INL of E-reeler retina. Note the intense cytoplasmatic p75NTR localization in both RGCs and RBCs. Abbreviations: GFP, Green Fluorescet Protein; GCL, Ganglion Cell Layer; INL, Inner Nuclear Layer; RGCs, Retinal Ganglion Cells; RBCs, Rod Bipolar Cells (×400). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4029599_pone-0097434-g002_290504.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | The p27 and p57 proteins are localized to the nucleus in G-phase TGCs.After three days of FGF4 deprivation, wild-type TGCs were cultured for 20 min in the presence of EdU (10 µM) to label S-phase cells. After fixation, EdU was detected using Click-iT chemistry (green), and the cells were stained with either anti-p57 (cyan) (A, C) or anti-p27 (red) (B, C) antibodies, and with Hoechst 33342 to visualize nuclear DNA (gray). Images were acquired with a confocal microscope (63x objective). The bottom panels are higher magnifications of merged images in order to visualize differential staining of EdU, p27 and p57. Scale bars represent 50 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4386172_F1_375242.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | A two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiographic image obtained from 14 days neonate |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3745907_fig1_225240.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Photographic representation of contraction rate showing percent wound contraction area on different postexcision days of control, BME (25 mg/kg), and VTE (200 mg/kg) treated rats. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q21eev0832gm2j64j6.jpg | What is the size of the polyp? | >20mm |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3033839_F4_86322.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | PCV2 detected in cells with mitochondrial staining. PCV2 detected in cells with mitochondrial staining. a) Merged image with RCP detecting virus as green dots, replicative strand as blue dots and mitochondria labelled with Mitotracker seen in red, b) Mitotracker, c) signals for the genomic strand and d) signals for the replicative strand. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3556087_F2_181618.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Photograph of Silicone patch, DS3I3,showing crystal formation. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4301506_f1-ol-09-02-0661_351684.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | A 31-year-old male with synovial sarcoma. (A) Computed tomography revealing a lobulated tumor mass with a low-intensity signal in the muscle of the left upper thigh. The tumor is well-defined and has punctate calcification. (B) Contrast-enhanced scan revealing heterogeneous enhancement and non-enhancement in areas of necrosis. (C) Pathological confirmation of synovial sarcoma carried out by hematoxylin and eosin staining. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1990.jpg | What does this image show? | kidney |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3942406_pone-0089973-g001_271546.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | The outline of right liver lobe.Middle liver vein (red line) is used as a landmark to differentiate right liver lobe from left liver lobe, and the line linking the inferior vena cava to the right branch of the portal vein (pink line) is used as a landmark to differentiate right liver lobe from caudate lobe (a). Outline of right liver lobe (RL, a), and of spleen (S, b) are delineated on the axial enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2408922_F1_23549.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Morphological examination of LSEC cultures over time by light microscopy. Freshly isolated LSECs cultures were established on 24 well plates and incubated either at hyperoxia (a-c) or at normoxia (d-f). The general morphology of the cultures was monitored by light microscopy at day 1 (a, d), day 3 (b, d) and day 5 (c, f) after isolation. Decline of LSECs cultures may be observed in dishes maintained at atmospheric oxygen levels (a-c) after several days of culture. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4606887_Fig1_433714.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Magnetic resonance images from May 2003. Coronal fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences through the posterior cerebellum (a) and the frontal lobe (b) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1825.jpg | What is present ? | pituitary |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3488471_F1_163726.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Brain and spinal cord MRI of patient 1. Flair sequence showing brain abnormalities typical of CADASIL, involving the external capsule, typical lacunar infarcts (A), and temporal lobes (B). Lesion in the right internal capsule (C) were enhanced by gadolinium injection on the T1-weighted image (D, arrow). A thoracic spinal cord lesion is noted on the longitudinal T2-weighted image (E), corresponding to partial myelitis in the transverse plane (F). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3349667_pone-0036270-g002_137232.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Regional Brain Activations during the Perception of Infant Faces.Axial slices of regional brain activations for a) happy versus neutral infant faces and b) sad versus neutral infant faces. Color on T1 template images from SPM5 indicates significant increases (red color) and decreases (blue color) in BOLD signal. The right side of the brain is on the right. The number under each brain image indicates z-axis coordinates of the image in the MNI (Montreal Neurological Institute) template space. The only voxels displayed on the brain images are regions with corrected p<.05 threshold at an uncorrected voxel-level threshold of p<.01 at each tail and a cluster of 45. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4658533_f7_447478.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Effects of WBV stimulation for 6 weeks and 12 weeks on dynamic histomorphometric parameters in the region of bone defects via double calcein labeling.(A) Representative calcein double-labeling sections in the region of bone defects. Scale bar represents 100 μm. (B) Quantitative comparisons of the dynamic histomorphometric parameters, including mineral apposition rate (MAR), mineralizing surface per bone surface (MS/BS) and bone formation rate per bone surface (BFR/BS) between the Control and WBV groups (n = 6). Values are all expressed as mean ± S.D. *Significant difference from the Control group with P < 0.05. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2876065_F4_64840.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Transmission electron microscope observation of intracellular QD distribution in ESCs and MEFs. Representative cells at 6, 24, 48 hours after labeling are shown. Higher magnifications of the squared area in the left columns at each time point are shown in the right columns for both ESCs and MEFs. Black arrows: vesicles; White arrows: QD aggregates; Bars: 500 nm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3652055_fig1_203993.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed fluid accumulation in the paracolic gutter on the right side. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3935572_F3_269616.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
apum23-3 interacts with adaxial polarity mutants. Phenotypes of 21-d-old rev-1 (A), as1-1 (D), as2-2 (G), apum23 rev (B), apum23 as1 (E), and apum23 as2 (H). C, F, and I are higher magnifications of B, E, and H, respectively. White arrowheads in E and H indicate the trumpet-shaped leaves in apum23 as1 and apum23 as2; black arrowheads in C, F, and I show the pin-shaped structures in the double mutants; black arrows in I show the branched radialized structures in apum23 as2. Bars, 1mm (C, F, I) and 1cm in all other panels (this figure is available in colour at JXB online). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3626577_F1_198495.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Magnetic Resonance Imaging of left thigh at admission. a. T1 after contrast coronal image showing hyperintense necrotic lesion of the left thight; b. T2 FLAIR weighted sagittal image of the same lesion that appear hypointense. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4381510_Fig6_373891.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision |
GLPG0187 inhibits progression of established bone metastasis. (A) Bioluminescent imaging at week 6 of two representative mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells and administered with vehicle or GLPG0187 (100 mg/kg) weekly. (B) Representative radiographic images illustrating GLPG0187 (100 mg/kg) efficacy on associated osteolytic lesions in this mouse model of human breast cancer bone metastasis. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_3006.jpg | Is vasculature present? | yes |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2108.jpg | What is present ? | hematologic |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwytdohg086u06ah6z9p.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4268804_Fig6_345172.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
Galactan and lignin detection in stem sections. β-1,4-galactan was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy using the LM5 antibody. Stem sections from the top and bottom of inflorescence stems were analyzed. Plants co-expressing either pIRX5:NST1-UGE2/ p35S:GalS1 or p35S:UGE2/p35S:GalS1 show a very strong labeling of galactan in the secondary wall as compared to the empty vector control or plants expressing only p35S:GalS1 or pIRX5:NST1-UGE2. Visualization of lignin autofluorescence using a confocal microscope under UV light shows the increase in fiber cell wall density with constructs using the pIRX5 promoter. Bars are 100 μm for bottom stem and lignin autofluorescence pictures, 50 μm for top stems and 10 μm for lignin close ups. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_15331.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Ectopia cordis. The entire heart (arrow) lies outside the thorax |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4265551_fig2_344574.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | (a) Measuring the position of the lowest point of the bladder during rest (P
R, blue) and during Valsalva (P
V, red) in relation to the MPL. D
RV (bright blue arrow) equals the distance between P
R and P
V, that is, the movement of the bladder from rest to Valsalva. (b) (A) Different aspects of symphysis pubis in perineal ultrasound. (b) (B) How to place the MPL when measuring P
R and P
V. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4145552_fig4_315870.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | MRI of left knee. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3228749_F4_117910.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | An example of MR-fluoroscopy is illustrated. MR-fluoroscopy can be used in place of test bolus techniques. In MR-fluoroscopy, continuous image acquisition with online image reconstruction is performed. Whenever the contrast bolus arrives in the area of interest, acquisition of the MRA-sequence can be either manually or automatically initiated. Even with the time-efficiency and ease-of-use of this technique, the abrupt switch from fluoroscopic measurements to the actual MRA-acquisition often minimizes the time for the patient to inspire for the breath hold, consequently increasing the risk of motion artifact. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_64011.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Coronal view of the air-fluid level (arrow) in the transplant kidney. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2238754_F5_17499.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | VP1 detection in type II cells. The cells were double-stained for VP1 and Pro-SP C as described in Materials and Methods. An SO lung is shown at the top row and ARDS lung in the bottom row. VP1 was detected by Cyte5 (red fluorescence, left panels) and Pro-SP C by FITC (green fluorescence, middle panels). The upper and lower right images show co-localization of both stainings inside alveolar type II cells (yellow). Shown at ×100 magnification |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2862740_pone-0010445-g006_63360.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | FITC-RMS-P3/RR and FITC-RMS-P3/AA distribution in mice bearing RD xenografts.Peptides were injected i.v. and after circulation the mice were perfused, tumors and control organs were removed and peptide distribution was evaluated on cryosections by fluorescence microscopy. Depicted are overlay images (B, upper left panel) and single channel pictures. FITC-peptide stainings (green), either furin or endothelial stainings (CD31, MECA32) in red and cell nuclei in blue (DAPI) are shown. Magnification: 40x, scale bars 50 µm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3166138_pone-0023313-g002_107201.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Photograph of a living specimen and histological cross-sections of P. viatoris sp. nov. from Indonesia.A: external morphology of a living specimen (body size 3 mm). B: unpigmented eye. C: pigmented eye. Abbreviations: cg, cerebral ganglion; dg, digestive gland; ey, eye; hb, heart bulb; lt, labial tentacle; on, optic nerve; rh, rhinophore; vh, visceral hump. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_27298.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Follow-up (47 months) CT angiography of a type III saccular right renal artery aneurysm (RAA) showing no contrast agent entering the aneurysm sac with sac thrombosis (case 2). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0032.jpg | What does the complete hydatidiform mole consist of? | numerous swollen villi |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1800857_F1_9603.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Functional brain responses collected during the four experimental phases are depicted. The brain scans show consistently stronger functional activation for stimuli conditions relative to silent control obtained from the second out three volumes. All functional contrasts are thresholded at T = 3.79, p ≤ 0.001 (uncorrected α-level, k ≥ 10) and superimposed on transverse and sagittal slices of the MNI-T1-weighted standard brain. Tables 1-4 list peak activations (T-values) of distinct activation clusters and anatomical areas. [A] Visual habituation, [B] Auditory habituation, [C] Conditioning phase, [D] Test phase (extinction). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4603971_Fig4_432921.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Inducing calcification in 4T1 cells with ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate. 4T1 cells were incubated in normal media (control) and an osteogenic cocktail (OC). a The cell cultures were stained with AR-S to detect calcium nodules and were photographed at the original magnification and at ×100 magnification. b The cell cultures were stained with cetylpyridinium chloride and were quantified by measuring the absorbance at 562 nm. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2186317_F5_15950.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | The effect of UL20p carboxyl terminal truncations on UL20p and gK colocalization in TGN cellular compartments. As with figure 4, Vero cells were co-transfected with gKD1V5, as well as with plasmids encoding wild-type or mutant UL20DIFLAG proteins. Thirty-six hours post-transfection, cells were washed thoroughly, fixed, and processed for confocal microscopy. After permeabilization, antibodies a3xFLAG, aV5 and aTGN46 were used to identify, UL20p, gK and TGN46, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3305611_F2_130332.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Myocardial first pass dual bolus perfusion imaging showing a perfusion defect in the area of an occluded RCA. Images have been segmented for better visibility. LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle, AIF arterial input function (taken from the inflow tubing). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4383438_fig3_374613.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Overview of treatment options for DTC. Scheme of thyroid tumor (upper left) and scintigraphy with 123Iodide showing lack of uptake in the lower part of the right lobe (upper right). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3627859_Fig5_198855.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings. Liver metastases were transformed into sharply circumscribed, non-enhanced homogeneous lesions 1 month after the start of imatinib therapy. CT conducted 3 months after the start of imatinib therapy showed that the response was still maintained. The upper
panel shows a metastasis located in the anterior segment of the liver (S5). The lower
panel shows a metastasis located in the posterior segment of the liver (S6) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4402564_fig3_379146.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Barium swallow: without extraluminal contrast leakage. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3870639_fig4_253599.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | (a) Histologic assessment of the tumor showing the presence of an epithelial component and a nonepithelial sarcomatoid component. The epithelial component showed glandular differentiation, while the sarcomatoid component revealed a complicated growth of spindle-like and oval cells with a pleomorphic and bizarre configuration of the nuclei showing mitosis (HE). (b) Immunohistochemical assays showing that the sarcomatoid component was moderately reactive to antibody against pancytokeratin. (c) The sarcomatoid component was strongly reactive to antibody against vimentin. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2874782_F1_64664.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Representative immunostaining of CA enzymes in MBs. Panel A shows no immunoreaction for CA IX, whereas the tumour in panel B is strongly positive. Panel C demonstrates CA XII-positive immunoreactivity in tumour cells. In panel D, CA II-positive immunostaining is confined to the endothelium of small blood vessels (arrows). All magnifications ×400. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3595677_fig1_191242.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | (a, b) Intrapancreatic aneurysms of the IPDA on CTA. (c) Median arcuate ligament-syndrome-like stenosis of the celiac trunk origin. (d) 3D volume rendering image processing provides closeup of the superior mesenteric artery, both IPDA aneurysms and their connecting branch. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyadnw0086ugjmw1jsw.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3443051_F1_154840.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain. (A) Coronal image of pituitary metastasis causing compression of the optic chiasm; (B) detail of optic chiasm compression. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4035733_F1_292256.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | MRI image fusion for treatment planning and dose distribution for urethra dose controlled IMRT planning. MRI image fusion is used for treatment planning (left image). IMRT planning is performed with the constraint that urethra dose will not exceed V70Gy > 10% generally (right image). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz5dosw086ugyyadawg.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | No |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4700760_Fig1_459266.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Initial chest radiography demonstrated mild pulmonary infiltration over the left lung on day 1 (a). A portable chest X-ray revealed prominent bilateral infiltrates at 48 h later after admission to our hospital (b), progressed to worse picture on day 4 (c) and recovery to near-normal x ray on day 22 (d) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2794878_F1_53026.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | A representative immunohistochemical reactivity for RECK. (A) Keratocystic odontogenic tumor showing strong reactivity (× 400); (B) Follicular ameloblastoma showing strong reactivity in central polyhedral cells and weak in peripheral columnar cells (× 200); (C) Plexiform ameloblastoma showing reactivity in peripheral columnar cells and nearly no expression in central polyhedral cells (× 200); (D) Ameloblastic carcinoma showing no expression in tumor cells (× 400). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3853196_F1_249402.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Immunostaining of RECK in renal cell tissue. RECK expression was mainly seen in the tubuli and in the capillaries of the glomeruli shown here in the medulla of non-malignant kidney tissue (A) and in the non-malignant renal cortex (B). RECK expression increased from clear cell carcinoma (C) over papillary (D) and chromophobe (E) carcinoma to oncocytoma (F). Magnification: 200× (A, B), 400× (C-F). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4581499_fig3_426575.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT scanner: control after three months on oral anticoagulation. (a) Partial recanalization of the portal venous thrombosis (A) and the superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (D), the portal cavernoma (B) and gastric collateral vessels (E), and thickening of the small intestinal bowel (C). (b) Superior mesenteric venous partial recanalization (D) and residual inflammatory flows (F). Light Speed CT-16 (GE Medical Systems, USA), contrast: iobitridol 300 mg/mL (Xenetix, Guerbet, Roissy CDG Cedex, France). With the permission of the Cathedral Medical Center (CMC), Yaoundé. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2887861_F4_66671.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Localization of ASC isoforms, NLRP3, and caspase 1. ASC isoforms were transiently co-transfected into HEK293 cells with GFP-tagged NALP3R260W (A) or GFP-tagged pro-caspase 1C285A (B). Cells were fixed and immunostained with polyclonal anti-myc (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and Alexa Fluor 546-conjugated secondary antibodies (Invitrogen). Topro-3 was used to visualize the nucleus. All images were acquired using laser scanning confocal microscopy with a 100x oil-immersion objective. Panels from left to right show ASC (red), NLRP3 or pro-caspase-1 (green), nucleus (blue), and a merged composite image. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0373.jpg | Are varices associated with a dangerous increase in intra-cranial pressure? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4485669_Fig5_401003.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Histopathological examination of biopsy of the skin lesion from the upper arm showing leukocytoclastic reaction. a, b Hematoxylin and Eosin staining showing the epidermis lined by keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium with evidence of spongiosis. Most of the blood vessels in underlying dermis showing thrombus formation along with necrosis in the vascular wall and neutrophilic infiltration. c, d Periodic acid schiff staining of the same skin lesions showing amorphus PAS positive material deposits (red arrows) in form of intramural and intravascular thrombus. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4562699_pone.0136318.g001_421856.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Diversity in leaf shape and indusium morphology in Woodsiaceae.A, W. andersonii; B, W. glabella; C, W. ilvensis; D, W. macrochlaena; E, Woodsia (Protowoodsia) manchuriensis; F, W. (Cheilanthopsis) indusiosa; G, stem articulation of W. glabella; H, exindusiate sori of W. cyclobala; I, globose indusia of W. manchuriensis; J, curly hairs indusia of W. andersonii; K, cup-shaped indusia of W. intermedia; L, saucer-shaped indusia of W. glabella. Scale bars indicate 500 μm. Photographs: Zhang, X.-C., Shao, Y.-Z. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_21725.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Fundus photograph showing a retinal detachment involving the macula. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3785345_f3b-ccrep-1-2008-057_234112.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Barium swallow showing indentations on the esophagial lumen caused by anterior osteophyte formations and ossificated anterior longitudinal ligament more prominent at C3–4 and C4–5 levels. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qw1fcf08329idk4ga6.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Polyp |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4426665_fig2_384843.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Chest radiograph (20 days of life) showing bilateral diffuse alveolar opacities. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3464221_ppat-1002961-g001_158576.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Visualization of a distinctive tegument structure associated with the portal vertex in HSV-1 virions.(A) Projection image through a tomogram of HSV-1 virions embedded in vitreous ice (Video S2). (B–C) The symmetry-free virion averages generated from 213 subtomograms using MSA-guided classification and melon ball alignment methods, respectively. The maps are shown radially colored, with non-capsid densities trimmed to reveal the underlying capsid. Views are shown looking down a 2-fold axis of symmetry with the portal vertex at the bottom. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4258260_Fig5_342387.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
Effects of NNAV on the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in the lung tissue. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB induced by LPS injection was detected by confocal microscopy. (A) Expression of NF-κB p65 in control group. (B) Expression of NF-κB p65 in acute phase of LPS-treated group. (C) Expression of NF-κB p65 in Low dose of NNAV-treated group (30 μg/kg). (D) Expression of NF-κB p65 in Middle dose of NNAV-treated group (90 μg/kg). (E) Expression of NF-κB p65 in High dose of NNAV-treated group (270 μg/kg). Scale bar equals 20 μm. See text for details. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3410926_pone-0042293-g005_148056.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | DXR spectral emissions revealed cell-type dependent subcellular accumulation.Example spectral composite confocal images are shown for each time point. Images were generated using laser scanning spectral confocal microscopy, exciting at 488 nm and collecting the emissions images every 10 nm from 520 to 700 nm using a 60X objective (600X final magnification). Colored bars show how each wavelengths is represented by a different color coding; all wavelengths are represented in composite images. All images were adjusted +10 brightness and +10 contrast to enhance visibility in print. Scale bar = 20 µm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2886232_F0001_66303.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Scanning laser ophthalmoscope and optical coherence tomography images of the fundus OS showing (a) internal limiting membrane folds at the macula and (b) resolution of internal limiting membrane folds after cessation of topiramate |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_arm/train_0079.jpg | Are pallor or halos around nuclei, prominent keratohyalin granules, and related cytopathic changes seen at higher magnification? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3072419_pone-0018645-g005_92027.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Nipples from nm23-M1−/− mammary glands are obstructed.Sections from WT (a, c) and nm23-M1−/− (b, d) nipples were sectioned and stained by hematoxylin and eosin (a, b) or trichrom Masson (c, d). The general architecture of dermis and epidermis of the mutant nipple doesn't seem overly changed. However, close examination revealed that the final opening of the lactiferous canal is obstructed by epithelial cells in the mutant glands (arrow). M: milk. Original magnification X200 (a, b) X400 (c,d). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4096508_pone-0101891-g007_305892.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Estimated nuclei centroids at 16–32 cell-stage.Volume rendered views of nuclei for 3D images at (A) t71, (B) t81, and (C) t91, obtained by manual threshold and the corresponding (D-F) labeled centroid images, obtained by the proposed adaptive method. Initial filter lengths (, ) were set to their optimal values, i.e., (11, 31) pixels for multiscale Gaussian filtering. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07637.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Chest X-ray showing new onset infiltrates |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3130638_F6_101439.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | GUS expression of leaf explants transformed using 1 × 109 cfu ml-1 followed by co-cultivation at pH 5.6. (a) tobacco, (b) grass (c) Indian may apple, (d) apple rootstock, (e) rose, (f) bamboo, (g) aurocaria (h) fern, (i) aloe, (j) lavender (k) maize and (l) rice (+denotes the presence of GlA40). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2783133_F2_51870.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | 4-chamber view reformat from arterial phase MSCT reveals a perfusion deficit of the left ventricular apex (A). The corresponding late-phase MSCT image presents the delayed myocardial contrast enhancement in the apical-anterior and -septal segments of the left ventricle and the right ventricular apex (B; arrows). Left and right ventricular thrombi are shown (arrowheads). Delayed-enhanced MR image confirms the presence myocardial infarction (arrows) and ventricular thrombi (arrowheads) (C). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_27166.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | After six months |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2939387_fig3_73572.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Numerous β-amyloid plaque-associated reactive astrocytes (positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein) are shown in a coronal brain section from a Tg2576 Alzheimer's disease model mouse at 19 months of age. Higher magnification image (b) represents the inset of the lower magnification coronal brain section (a). Arrows show β-amyloid plaques that are surrounded by glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive processes in the plaque periphery. Bars denote 500 μm (a) and 50 μm (b). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63789.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Axial cone beam computed tomography view showing left maxillary alveolar expansile lesion with a dystrophic, ill-defined trabecular pattern. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic38515.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | renal angiomyolipoma |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4652808_F1_445856.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Preoperative standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2646144_pone-0004666-g001_34808.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Electron microscopy of M3-CIV complexes.Micrographies (left panel) and corresponding cartoons (right panel) show complexes that consist of M3-protein and CIV. Block arrows highlight M3-protein (depicted in gray in the cartoons), both free and bound to CIV (depicted in black in the cartoons). Arrow heads point out the 7S regions of CIV, while line arrows points out the globular heads of the CIV molecules. The bars represent 100 nm in the representative overviev (A) and 50 nm in the panel of selected complexes (B). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_54725.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Sagittal T1 weighted MRI shows fatty marrow replacement of the cervical thoracic spine from prior radiation. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2092.jpg | Is antitrypsin present? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4660785_Fig3_448022.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Ampullary carcinoma. Cholecystectomy was performed in a 60-year-old male patient with gallstones 7 years ago. a T2WI, iso-intensity mass could be seen at the ampullary area; b FIESTA, iso-intensity mass could be seen at the ampullary area; c MRCP showed a nodular filling defect at the distal end of the CBD (arrow) and markedly dilated CBD and pancreatic duct (PD); d coronal enhanced LAVA image, in the portal venous phase demonstrated moderate enhancement of the mass; e photomicrograph (original magnification, ×400; hematoxylin–eosin stain) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_uterus/train_1842.jpg | What is present ? | intrauterine contraceptive device |
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