image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_3/PMC4322141_F2b_356800.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | : 5 months post operative radiograph showing nonunion
of distal clavicle fracture. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pn1dwf08320ke7bzr0.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3350134_fig1_137470.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Computed tomography (CT) of the chest demonstrates extent of acute pulmonary injury. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4666715_fig7s1_449369.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | pin1-6 DII-Venus-N7 pSTM::CFP-N7 meristem after an ablation in the SAM.Two representative pin1-6 DII-Venus-N7 pSTM::CFP-N7 meristem after ablation (time-lapse): pSTM::CFP-N7 is induced around the site of ablation but not DII-Venus-N7 (n = 10).DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.07811.027 |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_22144.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Large chondrosarcoma involving the left fifth rib and posterior chest wall. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3564934_F8_183902.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Effects of CTS and THA on VEGF expression in the retinal tissue in db/db mice. The retinal tissues were obtained from the animals perfused with paraformaldehyde as described in the text. The arrows a, b, c, and d represent pigment epithelium, outer segments, inner segments, and outer plexiform layers, respectively. VEGF-positive portions were identified by VEGF immunostaining. Photos 1, 2, 3, and 4 were from the retinal tissues of m/m control, vehicle-treated db/db, CTS (750 mg/kg per day)-treated db/db, and THA (2.5 mg/kg per day)-treated db/db group, respectively. Arrows a, b, c, and d represent pigment epithelium, outer segments, inner segments, and outer plexiform layer, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4628814_F3_439701.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Clinical picture and fluorescence picture of the postoperative resected mandible A). VELscope® findings of the resected mandible B). Histopathological findings of the following section; a and b C-F). (sectiona; C and E, section b; D and F, C,D; ×40 magnification, E,F; ×100 magnification). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3325883_F2_133860.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan of Patients From Both Study Groups, No Thrombus Aspiration (NTA) and Thrombus Aspiration (TA) at 6 Months: Images show a short axis slice with left ventricular end diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) measurement in first column. Short axis slices in the second column highlight the difference in left ventricular end systolic volume index (LVESVI) in the 2 treatment groups. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images in the last column demonstrate the location of the infarct. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3514816_fig3_170701.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | (a) A postoperative chest radiograph taken in the operating room showed bilateral diffuse ground glass attenuation. The central shadow was not widened: the cardiopulmonary rate was 48%. The tip of the intratracheal tube was located near the tracheal bifurcation (black arrow). (b) A chest radiograph demonstrated progression of the diffuse ground glass attenuation and appearance of alveolar consolidation. The photograph was taken in the intensive care unit 2 hours after surgery. (c) A chest radiograph revealed significant resolution of pulmonary abnormalities 3 days after the operation. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3614713_F4_196098.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | A bad quality X-ray image of coronary stent; (a), original image; (b), a crop region after StentBoost enhancement; (c), a crop region after our enhancement processing. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glvs4zr071u0uk12gji.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4700626_Fig2_459141.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the NPC patient before treatment. T1-weighted axial MR images a without contrast, b with contrast, and c T2-weighted axial MR image show an occipital lymph node (18 mm × 19 mm) with equal T1 signal, long or equal T2 signal, and obvious enhancement (arrows). T1-weighted sagittal MR image d without contrast and e with contrast also show an enlarged lymph node with enhancement in subcutaneous tissue of the occiput (arrows) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3777990_pone-0074390-g005_232630.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Administration of phenytoin entrapped liposome attenuates pathological post-infarction left ventricular remodeling in rats.(A) Masson's trichrome staining shows the representative gross morphology of heart sections. (B) Collagen deposition in left ventricular free wall/infarct area revealed by Masson’s trichrome staining. Bar=50 µm. (C) TRITC-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin staining to reveal cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area in non-infarcted area. Bar=50 µm. (D) Statistical comparisons of the left ventricular mass to tibial length (LV/TL), fibrotic area to total left ventricular area, expansion index, collagen volume fraction and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area. *P<0.05 vs. I/R-Emp-lipo group. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3493274_F4_164824.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Coronal T2-weighted MR images obtained from representative animals from Groups I, II, III and IV in Experiment 2. MR images were acquired pre-infusion (column 1), and at the end of intervals A (column 2, days 1–5), B (column 3, days 6–10) and C (column 4, days 11–15). LV: lateral ventricle. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4527122_Fig4_412468.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | MRI of the cervical region showing the right thyroid lobe with a nodular structure and right cervical lymph nodes highly suspicious for malignancy |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3298421_f1_129065.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Phase-contrast images of UCB1 and UCB4 MSCs. Note the more elongated shape and swirl pattern formed by UCB1 cells compared with the broader shape of UCB4 cells growing in focal patches. UCB1 MSCs are passage 11. UCB4 MSCs are passage 3. Original magnification of (A) and (B): 4×. Original magnification of (C) and (D): 10×. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3946253_pone-0090942-g004_272546.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | ARA 290 intervention suppressed demyelination and promoted remyelination of sciatic nerves.PBS or ARA 290 (30 mg/kg/day) was given to EAN rats from Day 7 to Day 21 and on Day 21, rats (n = 3) were sacrificed and ultrathin sections of the Day 21 EAN rats sciatic nerves were taken for electron microscopy analysis and representative electron micrographs were shown. A: Axon degeneration and demyelination (red arrows) in PBS control EAN sciatic nerves. B: Remyelination (green arrows) in PBS control EAN sciatic nerves. C: Remyelination (green arrows) and axon degeneration (red arrows) in ARA 290-treated EAN sciatic nerves. *: p<0.05 compared to their respective vehicle control. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3181277_pone-0025323-g001_110197.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Expression of TKTL1 in colorectal tumors in different stage of progression.These color photomicrographs reveal cytoplasmatic immunohistochemical staining (brown deposits) for transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) in colorectal tumors (original magnification ×200). In the right column (E–H) there are stained tissues at different stages of progression and in the left column (A–D) homologous areas in negative controls. Staining for TKTL1 is observable in all positive samples, indicating its expression in tumor tissues; the highest intensity is detected in stage III samples. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gl5s3vf071ugzju7lms.jpg | How many findings are present? | 1 |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz0doms086ugaq22ny5.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2642759_F4_34467.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Ultrasound images of infants with different grades of intraventricular haemorrhage scanned with a C8-5 ultrasound probe on a Philips iE33 ultrasound machine. A: Coronal view of a 2 week old term infant with grade I intraventricular haemorrhage highlighted in the left caudo-thalamic groove (arrow). B: Coronal view of a 1 day old premature infant born at 24 weeks with grade II intraventricular haemorrhage in the right caudo-thalamic groove (arrow) which fills less than 50% of the ventricle. C: Coronal view of a 2 day old premature infant born at 24 weeks with a right grade IV intraventricular haemorrhage with hydrocephalus and extension into periventricular white matter (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2859068_pone-0010335-g003_62801.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Representative images showing mucosal differences of IRF9 KO mice.The images shown are from C57BL/6 WT and IRF9 KO mice (Tissue sections from BALB/c and STAT1 KO mice were equivalent to C57BL/6 WT mice in all cases and are not shown). Relative to the other strains, IRF9 KO mice showed a marked increase in presence of brown stained CD3 positive cells (T-cells) and Gr-1 positive cells (neutrophils) in both the mucosa and lymphatic nodules of the large intestine. No discernible differences were seen between the four mouse stains in H&E- or Iba1-stained (macrophage) sections of the large intestine. Images taken at 63× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4056107_F1_297793.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Histological findings in patients with Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD). Histology shows a xanthogranulomatous infiltrate composed by foamy histiocytes accompanied by fibrosis [(A), H&E, original magnification 200×]. Immunohistochemical studies reveal that some of the infiltrating histiocytes stain for BRAFV600E [(B), VE1 immunostaining, 200×], and p16Ink4a [(C), p16Ink4a immunostaining, 200×]. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4233073_Fig1_336536.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details |
Representative lung tissue sections of usual interstitial pneumonia patients exemplifying the two principal grades of fibrosis and expression levels observed with the different markers. Low-power images showing grade of fibrosis (A, grade 1 fibrosis; B, grade 7 fibrosis; hematoxylin and eosin staining, 40× magnification) The mTOR and ZEB1 expressed in hyperplastic alveolar epithelial cells and some mesenchymal cells from fibrotic areas (C, mTOR intermediate; D, mTOR strong; E, ZEB1 intermediate; F, ZEB1 strong). ROCK1 expressed in hyperplastic alveolar epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells, macrophages and lymphocytes of the UIP patients (G, ROCK1 intermediate; H, ROCK1 strong). (C-H); immunohistochemical staining, brown color, 400× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2716300_F4_42212.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | a) Lateral angiogram showing a Cook™ flipper coil with complete occlusion of the duct on angiography; b) The same patient as demonstrated in figure 2 that has been successfully closed using an Amplatzer ductal occluder™ (ADO); c) Successful closure of the patent duct demonstrated in figure 1 with an Amplatzer ductal occluder II ™ (ADO II). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3097633_F8_95921.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Biopsy of the C2 vertebra in a 61-year-old man with nasopharyngeal carcinoma complicated by C2 vertebral osteomyelitis. Axial CT fluoroscopic image taken with the patient in a lateral decubitus position shows the tip of the Ostycut needle within the right C2 lateral mass. A right posterolateral approach was used. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3432577_F3_152890.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Preoperative computed tomographic scan. Arrows indicated where cuts were made with large surgical pin cutters to remove the exposed portion of the reconstruction plate. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2360206_fig1_21069.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Functional renal perfusion imaging by MAG3 nuclear scanning, performed pretreatment (A) and post-treatment on days 3 (B) and 14 (C), in a patient who experienced a reversible decline in renal function when treated with seliciclib at 1600 mg day−1. Baseline pre-treatment renogram (A) shows slight asymmetry in renal function with the right kidney (dark green) slightly poorer than the left (light green). Day 3 renogram (B) shows changes consistent with bilateral parenchymal retention and delayed intrarenal transit bilaterally, which then almost completely recovers by day 14 (C). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2744704_F1_46074.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Histology of baseline (A, C, E) and endocrine-treated (B, D, F) DCIS from patient H-20 (magnification: 100×). A, B: H&E stain of baseline (A) and treated (B) samples. The treated DCIS is less distended and demonstrates increased periductal sclerosis and inflammation compared to baseline. C, D: Ki67; reduction in Ki-67 after treatment compared to baseline; E, F: CD68 (inset: 400×); increased CD68-positive macrophages after treatment compared to baseline. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_32275.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | AP radiograph of a 76-year-old woman at 24 months postoperatively demonstrating grade 1 scapular notching (black arrow). Sn means left |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/illus_xray-mouth/train_2445.jpg | Does slide show burkits lymphoma? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2646732_F3_34857.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Chest CT obtained July 2007, approximately 1 year after pleurectomy with hyperthermic intraoperative intrapleural chemotherapy. An interstitial fibrosis is evident. Subsequent CT are largely unchanged but the patient's symptoms persist. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2756.jpg | Does this image show thermal burned skin? | yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3517754_F2_171402.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | (A) Diffuse infiltration of small round cells with inconspicuous nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm (hematoxylin and eosin stain; objective magnification, ×40). (B) Abnormal cells positive for HMB45 (objective magnification, ×40). (C) Abnormal cells positive for S100. (objective magnification, ×40). (D) Abnormal cells positive for Melan-A. (objective magnification, ×40). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3774721_pone-0074795-g006_231756.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Results from voxel-wise t-tests comparing brain segmentation from all 10 subjects between 1.5 T and 3.0 T.Statistically significant differences are indicated where WM volume is estimated to be larger on the 3.0 T system. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_22343.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | After six months of follow-up |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic16097.jpg | what plane is seen? | lateral |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3691267_pone-0066821-g001_213519.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Stimulation electrode and its MR compatibility.Photograph of the electrode and tip (TIP) are displayed in (A). Coronal T2 image with the implanted electrode track in (B), Nissl-stained section showing the location of the electrode tip in the VP (C) and the MT (D). Eight coronal gradient-echo EPI images are presented from caudal to rostral (E). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_68388.jpg | What is shown in this image? | PLAX view: LV=left ventricle, RV=right ventricle, IVS=interventricular septum, Ao=aorta, LA=left atrium, MV=mitral valve, LVPW=left ventricular posterior wall |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4502276_fig2_405959.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Correlation between OCT and histology. Impact-induced cartilage degeneration on top of corresponding representative 2D OCT B-scans (a–d), 3D OCT renderings (e–h), and histology images (i–l [HE]; m–p [Safranin O]); LIMP (a, e, i, m), MIMP (b, f, j, n), HIMP (c, g, k, o) postimpact, and controls (d, h, l, p). Bar represents 1 mm; OCT images fit to scale of histological sections, while entire image width in 3D OCT renderings represents 10 mm. For an explanation of the abbreviations please see Table 2. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv39010074yfu2l1qnl.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Gastroscopy |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4464300_f11-mmr-12-02-2607_395677.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the myocardial infarction area of New Zealand rabbit myocardium in vitro following transplantation of BMSCs from groups (A) A1, transfected with Nkx2.5 and co-cultured with myocardial cells (magnification, ×200); (B) A2, blank BMSCs (magnification, ×100); (C) B1, transfected with GATA-4 and co-cultured with myocardial cells (magnification, ×200); and (D) B2, blanks BMSCs (magnification, ×400). BMSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4315081_f6-ol-09-03-1081_354959.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Immunostaining revealing the expression status of p16, p27, C-erbB2 and p53 in primary and metastatic tumors of non-small cell lung cancer. Positive expression revealed by brown-yellow nuclear staining (magnification, ×175). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00809.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Panoramic view of ectopic mandibular third molar in the right ascending ramus of the mandible. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3395843_F2_144939.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | WM detection results on synthetic BrainWeb data. Figure 2: Pixel-level WM detection results visualized for one image from the MNI brain MRI dataset, each row corresponding to a different combination of noise and inhomogeneity: (a)-(e) 1% noise, 0% inhomogeneity, (f)-(j) 3% noise, 20% inhomogeneity, (k)-(o) 7% noise, 40% inhomogeneity. The first column shows the original PD MRI image with the ground truth for WM outlined in red, while the second, third, fourth, and fifth columns show the pixel-level WM classification results for Ψ(F), Ψ(XMDS), Ψ(XGE), and Ψ(X˜GE), respectively. The red and green colors in (b)-(e), (g)-(j), (l)-(o) denote the GM and WM regions identified in each result image. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4059455_F6_298512.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Morphological changes in HUVEC after exposure to neutrophil MPs and H2O2. HUVEC incubated for 2 min (A) and 16 min (B) with HBSS. Cells were observed with 2 min (C) and 16 min (D) after the addition of H2O2. Note the increased blebbing cells observed with 2 min, (E) and 16 min (F) after the addition of 5 μg/mL MPs and 20 μM H2O2 (inserts) indicating cell damage. Cells treated with 1 mM taurine showed a lower number of morphological changes with 2 min (G) and 16 min (H). Magnification: 100×. The figures show a representative experiment among four performed. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3504369_fig2_168059.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Sagittal CT images showing fistula between left kidney and pleural cavity (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4376778_pone.0122706.g002_372296.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | The level of α7, β2 or β4 nAChR subunits in the brain sections of experimental mice studied by immunohistochemistry.Confocal microscopy images of the hippocampus CA1 and striatum of non-treated (Ctrl), α7(1–208)-immunized or LPS-injected mice stained with biotinylated α7-, β2- or β4-specific antibodies and developed with Extravidin-Cy3 (red). Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Bar corresponds to 50μm, actual for each fragment of the panel. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4494572_f1-ijmm-36-01-0215_403872.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Effect of calcium ions (Ca2+) on the onset of mineralization in human dental pulp cells at day 3 and 5. (A) Representative micrographs prior to staining. (B) Images of Alizarin Red S staining. Obvious calcium deposition was observed in the groups treated with 5.4 and 9.0 mM Ca2+ (Original magnification, ×100). (C) General observation of culture wells stained with Alizarin Red S. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3537615_pone-0053262-g007_177085.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Identification of PECAM1+/CD38+ cells in human basal cell carcinomas (BCC).(A) H&E-stained cryosection of a BCC. (B–D) Confocal microscopy analysis of PECAM1, CD38 and α-SMA expression in two BCC biopsies (B–C, D). (B) Overview (top row) of the highly vascularized PECAM1+ stroma. Squares within the merged image indicate the magnified region (lower row). PECAM1low/CD38+ cells are marked (arrowheads). Bars 100 µm (A), 50 µm (B, C), 10 µm (D). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_64578.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | A 53-year-old man with gross hematuria and urothelial carcinoma. Coronal image from the excretory phase of a CT urogram demonstrates multifocal nodular wall thickening (arrows) involving most of the bladder, and causing bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter (arrowheads). Cystoscopic biopsy revealed urothelial carcinoma. Surgical pathology at cystectomy revealed multifocal high grade urothelial carcinoma. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2887381_F3_66481.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Electron microscopy analysis of transfected 293T cells. Electron micrographs showing representative thin sections of transiently transfected 239T cells using the 4-plasmid vector system. (A-D) Untagged PFV Gag expression construct. Arrowheads point to centrioles (MTOC, microtubule organizing center). The arrowhead points to a budding particle into intracellular vesicles. (E-F) N-terminal Gag-GFP expression construct. (G-K) C-terminal Gag-GFP expression construct. Magnifications: (A) 18000×, (B) 58000×, (C) 41000×, (D) 117000×, (E) 23000×, (F) 33000×, (G) 47000×, (H) 20000×, (I) 28000×, (J) 65000×, (K) 71000×. scale bar: 200 nm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4646887_Fig2_444134.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | [18F]-FDG uptake in mediastinal (a) and axillary (b) LNs before and after MERS-CoV aerosol exposure in rhesus macaques. SUV [18F]-FDG-PET images coregistered with CT images showed tracer uptake in two representative rhesus macaques prior to and on day 5 after MERS-CoV aerosol exposure at 50–60 min after [18F]-FDG injection. White dashed circles show the location of the mediastinal and axillary LNs. Images are shown in coronal view. Abbreviations: FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose; LNs, lymph nodes; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3756358_f8-cancers-03-00227_227927.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Photothermal treatment of SH-SY5Y (a-c) and stNB-V1 (d-f) cells. After SH-SY5Y and stNB-V1 were incubated with anti-GD2-CGNRs for 6 h, 808 nm NIR laser was harnessed to beam the cells from 0.2 to 2 W/cm2 within 10 min and then maintaining at 2 W/cm2 for an additional 5 min. After staining with 2.5 μM calcein-AM dye, fluorescent images of cells were taken (a, d) within, (b, e) on the edge of, and (c, f) outside the NIR laser-shining zone (scale bar = 100 μm). Green fluorescence indicates viable cells, in contrast to dead cells which reveal no fluorescence. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4465156_Fig1_396062.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | T2 scans from one subject acquired using the T2P4TE sequence under breath-hold (BH), free breathing (FB), and free breathing with respiratory navigator gating (FB + NAV). Data are shown without (uncorrected) and with (motion corrected) in-plane motion correction. The endocardial contour of the LV myocardium, drawn on the reference image (1st image) of each scan, is reported in all subsequent T2-weighted images to facilitate visual motion assessment. Misalignments observed among uncorrected images (red arrows) were substantially reduced after in-plane motion correction using ARCTIC. Furthermore, artifacts in uncorrected T2 maps (white arrows) were reduced in motion corrected T2 maps |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4422040_Fig5_383731.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
Histopathological analyses of gingiva and teeth of Family 2. (A) Histological analysis of patient gingiva revealed the presence of inflammatory infiltrate, epithelial acanthosis and gingival fibromatosis. (B) In pericoronal tissues, areas of ectopic calcifications were observed. (C) Analysis of first right molar of the patient VI-2 showed occlusal dental decay and incomplete root formation. (D) Sagittal median section of the teeth show large pulp chamber. (E) Ground sections reveal interglobular dentine except in the mantle dentine. (F) Severely affected circumpulpar dentine in increasing magnification. (G) Dentinal changes also observed in slides stained with HE after the same tooth demineralization. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2664464_pone-0005177-g003_36889.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Fluorescence microscopic analyses of S. macrospora wild type strains expressing cas1-egfp or cas3-egfp.The images illustrate the fluorescence of CAS1-EGFP and CAS3-EGFP caused by the transformation of plasmids pGFP-CAS1 or pGFP-CAS3, respectively. Transformants were analyzed after growth for two days on solid SWG medium supplemented with hygromycin. DIC: differential interference contrast. Scale bar indicates 20 µm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3402674_Fig2_146211.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Tissue localization of OsYSL16. a
OsYSL16 promoter-GUS activity in leaf blades. b Large vascular bundle of the leaf. c Unelongated node. d Part of a root not showing a striped pattern. e Part of a root showing a striped pattern. f, g Main root. h, i Horizontal root section. Images g and i are from a plant grown under Fe-deficient conditions (–Fe), and others represent growth under normal conditions. Scale bars are 200 μm. j Seeds 1 day after germination. k Seeds 2 days after germination. l Seeds 3 days after germination |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4165898_pone-0106921-g004_320579.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | MRI and PET scan results for liver metastases originating from C15A.3 and MC38 cells 24 h post-injection of 64Cu-DOTA-M5A antibody.MRI images clearly show the location of the liver metastases (arrows) and were used to draw regions of interest (ROIs) for evaluating the PET data. Immuno-PET images indicate strong signals in the areas of the CEA-positive C15A.3-derived liver metastases. No enhanced tracer uptake was observed in the areas of CEA-negative MC38 derived metastases. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3883709_pone-0085119-g002_257162.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Labeling of symbiotic gastrodermal cell surface proteins by a biotin-streptavidin probe.Biotinylated (A, B) and non-biotinylated (C, D) SGCs were incubated with streptavidin-Alexa Fluor® 488 (green fluorescence) and imaged with a confocal microscope. Fluorescence distribution was examined by confocal microscopy at 543 nm (red fluorescence) in panels A and C and 488 nm (green fluorescence) in all panels. The arrowheads in panels A and B indicate labeling of SGC membranes. Scale bar = 20 µm. The red fluorescence in panels A and represents autofluorescence of Symbiodinium. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4408641_fig4_380535.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Type 3 prosthetically guided implant positioning, surgical and radiographic view. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glxs52n071u9674doxk.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glls4nn071u8mb6hls1.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4577649_F0002_425336.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Abnormally increased volume of Hoffa's fat pad |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3889698_Fig1_258147.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. |
a Sagittal T1, T2-weighted MR and plain images show T10, T12–L2 OVCF of a 73-year-old man treated by PKP in February, 2008. T11 was treated prophylactically. b Ten months later, a new compression fracture at T6 was subjected to repeated PKP |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2873932_F1_64559.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Positive TTF-1 and p53 immunostaining in type II pneumocytes in serial sections from a COPD patient. Positive LCA and bcl2 immunostaining in lymphocyte-like cells in serial sections from a COPD patient (400× magnification). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_21144.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Case 1 – Magnetic resonance imaging of brain (sagittal section) shows a well-circumscribed, lobulated sellar mass lesion suggestive of pituitary macroadenoma (outlined by arrows). Superiorly, it is displacing and compressing the optic chiasm |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4191195_F2_326662.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Cortical activation during the auditory real word rhyme task is shown. Dynamic statistical parameter maps represent cortical activation averaged across 15 children with epilepsy with times representing latency from the onset of the auditory stimulus. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4546442_F2_416815.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | A spectrum of morphologic variants and immunophenotypic profiling in EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the younger patientsA. E. I. M., The monomorphic case presented in this figure shows the GCB subtype. All polymorphic subtypes show the ABC-DLBCL molecular phenotype. B. F. J. N., Polymorphic DLBCL-like variant shows canonical large B-cell neoplasm morphology. C. G. K. O., The polymorphic HL-like variant shows Hodgkin lymphoma-like features. D. H. L. P., The polymorphic LPD-like variant shows polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD)-like features with a low density of neoplastic cells without HL-like features. All images are shown at a magnification of x 600. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2334.jpg | What is present ? | megaloblasts pernicious anemia |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2984382_F7_78647.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Photomicrographs show the immunohistochemical profile of a squamous cell carcinoma including the haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slide which show a follicular arrangement of small round hyperchromatic cells. There is strong immunopositivity for cytokeratin AE1 and moderate positivity for AE3. All of the other immunohistochemical markers are negative. All immunohistochemical sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. (X400). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_06579.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | DOTATOC-PET/CT 06/2013 showing first location of tumor recurrence. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic41288.jpg | what is abnormal in the ultrasound? | intrauterine devices |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05879.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Typical cases, anterioposterior film 2 weeks in postoperation. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1789.jpg | What does this image show? | thyroid |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3144435_F0002_103608.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT scan of the patient in Figure 1 showing extensive destruction of maxillae |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4676884_Fig3_453096.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Fluorescence and bright field microscopy of detached type VI trichome heads from S. habrochaites LA 1777 and S. lycopersicum LA 4024. a–f Fluorescence microscopy (excitation 450–490 nm, emission 515 nm) of detached type VI trichomes from S. habrochaites. g–l Corresponding bright field microscopy of the fluorescence images shown in panels a-f. m-r Fluorescence microscopy of detached type VI trichome heads of S. lycopersicum. s–x Corresponding bright field microscopy of the fluorescence images shown in panels m–r. The horizontal bar in A represents 20 μm and applies for all images of the figure |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_38418.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Suprapubic peritoneum involvement - Coronal view. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3246465_pone-0029166-g004_120155.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Altered cellular morphology in RIP-Cre Dicer1Δ/Δ islets with increasing age.Confocal microscopy analysis of insulin and glucagon staining was performed on islets from 5, 8 and 11 weeks old control littermates (upper panels) and RIP-Cre Dicer1Δ/Δ (lower panels) mice. Insulin and glucagon staining can be observed as indicated. Notice the deformation of the RIP-Cre Dicer1Δ/Δ islet and the increased number of α-cells relative to the reduced number of β-cells. Scale bar 20 µm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4301905_Fig2_351964.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. |
Immunohistochemical stains for MICA/MICB, ULBP1, ULBP2, ULBP3, RAET1E, and RAET1G on tissue microarrays. All photos are at the same magnification. Bar: 50 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3124507_pone-0021418-g001_100691.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | MAGE-C1/CT7 protein expression pattern in melanoma.MAGE-C1/CT7 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on melanoma lesions at two different magnifications (5x, 20x) (left and middle panels) and by immunofluorescence on cell lines (100x) (right panels). Expression of MAGE-C1/CT7 is shown only in the nucleus (A), only in the cytoplasm (B) and both in nucleus and cytoplasm (C). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3407659_fig3_147262.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Activation foci evoked by stimulation of the unaffected (a) and affected (b) eye in a patient with acute left optic neuritis. White lines show activation in area MT/V5 in right and left hemispheres. The Talairach coordinates (x; y; z) of the activated area are also reported. L and R: left and right. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_2051.jpg | What is present ? | thymus |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3618252_F5_197108.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | BI-RADS®-US 3 lesion with a suspicious elastogram, TES 5. The lesion was revealed to be benign (false positive case). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3177912_F8_109375.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Double immunohistochemical staining of avian influenza virus antigens and epithelial cells. Lung sections from avian influenza virus (AIV) infected pig, euthanized PID 4. Double immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal anti-influenza and anti-cytokeratin antibodies (counterstaining with hematoxylin) demonstrating AIV antigen positive cells (clear blue cells) and epithelial cells (clear red cells). Double positive cells (AIV antigen positive epithelial cells) are purple. A: Demonstration of double positive alveolar epithelial cells (arrowhead). B: Greater magnification than A, demonstration of double stained alveolar type II epithelial cell (arrowhead). (Original magnifications A: x10, B: x40). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_58140.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Delaminated tears not yielding to probe compression (sclerosing scars) in the proximal segment of plantar aponeurosis; entheses of plantar aponeurosis and flexor digiti brevis tendon are normal. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4591193_Fig1_429106.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Compact implants with volumes corresponding to the body of the mandible. a Compact Carbulat™ implant, after resection of a gingival carcinoma (post. irrad.). b Panoramic X-ray after the surgery. The density of the Carbulat™ implant is very close to those of human bone |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3063797_pone-0018106-g004_91011.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | CPE in BYDV infected DEFs and electron micrographs of virus particles.HE-stained, non-infected DEF control (A); HE stained infected cells, 52 hrs post-infection, showing cell disruption with a large number of red-stained particles (B); Non-infected Vero cell monolayer (C); Infected Vero cells rounded up and focal detachment 60 hrs post-infection (D); Thin section of the infected cell, 24 hrs post-infection, showing dense particles (white arrow head) and virions (arrow) within the vesicles in the cytoplasm (N, nucleus). Insets are magnified virions (E); Negative staining of the purified BYDV from the cell culture supernatants (arrow indicates the typical enveloped flavivirus) (F). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_66747.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Magnetic resonance imaging scan T1-weighted fat suppressed (sagittal view) images at conus medullaris extending in to the dorsal spinal cord demonstrates signal suppression of the fat content and no significant enhancement. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3021936_F0001_84349.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | (a) T2-weighted (T2W) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain: bilateral cystic lesions and diffuse white matter lesions; (b) a large right cerebellar cyst compressing the 4th ventricle and brainstem; (c) T1W MRI brain after intravenous gadolinium enhancement of cyst wall; and (d) computed tomography of brain showing multiple calcifications |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4635206_F5_441591.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Histological identification of cytoarchitectonics in the forebrain of the juvenile Sc. No subcortical gray matter is present anteriorly and posteriorly to levels Sc1 and Sc5, respectively. The same forebrain nuclei showed in Figure 4 for neonatal Tt (A–D) Times New Roman font and circled on photographs are detectable in juvenile Sc at representative levels of the brain (Sc2–4). The enlarged drawing depicting Sc4 has been rotated with respect to the square for reasons of space. For abbreviations, see Figure 4. Scale bars, 100 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3492321_pone-0049153-g006_164617.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Spectrum of damage states in Deltoidospora from a single sample (4_4107).Note differences in corrosion intensity between 4A and 4B, and breakage between 4C and 4D. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2852763_F0003_61674.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | There was no tenderness, swelling, or redness in either hand. The extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) tendon could not be palpated (arrow-head), however. White arrow-head = EPB tendon; black arrow-head = abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3350272_fig2_137578.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Sagittal and 3D CT scan images showing VEDH and frontal paramedian fracture extending down to the right orbital ceiling. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4438921_f1-mmr-12-01-0165_388301.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Identification of SLC properties in U87 glioblastoma tumor spheres. Expression of SLC markers (A) CD133 (green) and (B) nestin (red) was determined using immunocytochemistry. (C) Hoechst 33342 (blue) was used to stain the nuclei of U87 cells. (D) Merged image of SLC marker and Hoechst 33342 fluorescence staining (Scale bar, 200 μm). SLC, stem-like cell. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3975440_f2-ijms-15-05063_278742.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Sub-cellular localization of CgHSP70 in transiently transformed onion epidermal cells. (a–c) Onion epidermal cells transiently expressing 35S::CgHSP70-GFP; (d–f) Onion epidermal cells transformed with a control construct (35S::GFP); (a,d) Dark field images to capture GFP fluorescence; (b,e) bright field images to capture cell features; (c,f) merged images. Scale bar: 25 μm. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic31687.jpg | what is most alarming about this ct scan? | diverticulitis |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2259244_fig5_18437.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Segmentation results on a real molecular image: (a) the original image; (b) the denoising result with the GNF plus SRAD; (c) the texture feature image; (d) the FCM result on (a); (e) the FCM_S result on (a); (f) the FCM result on the texture feature image; (g) the 2DFCM results; (h)–(k) the
contours obtained from (d) to (g) superimposed on the original image, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2700481_F0031_40529.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | A scout film and axial CT scans showing the distribution of air following a retropneumoperitoneum. Note the pneumomediastinum (arrow) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_lungs/train_1384.jpg | Is respiratory present? | yes |
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