image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
|---|---|---|
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3317931_pone-0033878-g003_132543.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | White matter volume regional differences between NMO patients with cognitive impairment (n = 15) and NMO patients without cognitive impairment (n = 13) using VBM.Note that the NMO patients with cognitive impairment have a large decreased WM volume including brainstem, cerebellum, corticospinal tracts but also the important fascicles of the brain such as corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fascicle and inferior longitudinal fascicle. (P<0.05, false discovery rate, cluster size threshold >30 voxels). Sagittal view of the brain using xjview. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4495700_Fig1_404258.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | PET/CT findings upon admission. (a) Tumor recurrence of the right occipital lobe. (b) Hyper-metabolic foci at the lower right lung and the vertebrae. (c) Hyper- metabolic foci at the vertebrae and ribs |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4352157_Fig1_364912.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Echocardiography: parasternal long axis (a), parasternal short axis (b), apical 4-chamber view (c) and continuous wave Doppler of the outflow tract region (d), Cardiac MRI: cine image horizontal long axis view (e), short axis view (f), LVOT view (g) and LGE short axis view (h) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3482594_F1_162273.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Brain MRI (FLAIR). a) III-9 at the age of 55 years, b) the proband (III-10) at the age of 53 years, c) III-11 at the age of 52 years. All siblings had generalized cerebral atrophy but this was mild relative to their clinical features. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0869.jpg | Where does the photomicrograph show necrotic debris, ulceration and inflammation on the mucosal surface? | on right |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2797753_fig1_53463.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Abdominal radiograph that shows small intestine dilated loops in central position and a gasless distal part of intestine. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC1421416_F1_4970.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Panel A: Low magnification of the liver biopsy (HE 120 ×). The portal tract (PT) is infiltrated by a mixed inflammatory reaction. Microgranulomatous cell reaction (G) is visible. Panel B: Typical "spider-web" network pattern at hepatic angiography in the setting of partial Budd-Chiari syndrome. Panel C: Abdominal CT scan showing a fresh thrombus in the ostium of the right hepatic vein (arrow). Panel D: Low magnification of liver biopsy showing marked sinusoidal dilatation (S) and congestion around the central vein (CV). PV: portal vein. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_04839.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Immediate postoperative lateral radiograph reveals good realignment and fixation of the C5-C6 fracture dislocation. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4284781_ijms-15-23571-f003_348683.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | In vivo anticancer efficacy of Duopafei, SPM and TAT-PM in the orthotopic transplantation model of Capan-2 Luc. (A) The bioluminescent images of nude mice after treated with 5% glucose solution (Negative control), Duopafei, SPM and TAT-PM. Red signal represents the highest level on the colorimetric scale; (B) Body weight changes of mice bearing Capan-2 Luc human pancreatic cancer xenografts treated with 5% glucose solution (Negative Control), Duopafei, SPM and TAT-PM; and (C) The representative pictures of histopathologic examination of Capan-2 Luc tumor, scale bar = 20 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_06965.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Computed tomography of the chest showing patchy consolidation, centrilobular nodules, and tree-in-bud opacities in both the lower lobes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_36127.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Femoral and acetabular osteolysis treated with a locked intramedullary reconstruction nail and acetabuloplasty. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4278966_Fig7_347319.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Follow-up roentgenogram, postoperative 6 months |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1431596_F2_5007.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Immunohistochemical staining for desmin (a,b), mitochondria (c,d) and CD 34 (e,f) comparing before (a,c,e) and after (b,d,f) microwave ablation. Tissues after ablation showed more clear foci of coagulative necrosis with accumulation of mitochondria (thin arrows), and myolysis areas replacing the myofibrillar elements (thick arrows). The majority of the small intramyocardial vessels staining with CD 34 antibodies showed distinct occlusion of their lumens postablation (arrowheads in f). Panels a, b and e are at the same magnification. Panels c and d are at the same magnification. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_70387.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | MRA: the best modality to visualize and assess the capsule-ligaments-labrum complex 59x53mm (150 x 150 DPI). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2577942_F2_29785.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. |
(a) Three-dimensional standard rendering of the brain showing the areas of reduced cerebral blood flow in the disexecutive MCI group. (b) Sagittal section showing significant hypoperfusion in the anterior cingulate cortex. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2873945_pone-0010528-g004_64571.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Immunofluorescent detection of the Basement Membrane Proteins.The immunodetection of alpha6 integrin shows no difference between the control (A) and the presence of ASC-3 and ASC-8 antibodies in the medium (B and C). The same observation can be made for laminin-5 (D, E and F). Note that in all cases (C),(F) ASC-8 is associated with large disruption of the tissue between dermis and epidermis (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4122790_Fig2_311765.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
Snapshots of mycobacterial time-lapse movie. Images of phase-contrast, green fluorescence, and red fluorescence channels taken at indicated times from the time-lapse movie following the reporter strain of M. smegmatis. GFP signal, representing induction of the icl gene, increases upon addition of acetate (Ac), whereas the constitutively-expressed DsRed2 signal is present throughout the experiment. Main challenges of automated analysis of such a movie are noted: lack of visible edges between adjacent cells, lack of clear division site, cell shape variations (arrows), and non-cell objects present in the images (arrowhead). Scale bar, 5 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_53790.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography shows a suspicious CDF (white arrow) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4354403_F2_365623.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | (A) Comparative parasite burden in the uterus tissue from TgChBrUD1 (UD1; n = 2) and TgChBrUD2 (UD2) reinfected pregnant females (n = 4). *P < 0.05 (Mann–Whitney test). (B) Representative photomicrographs of uterus tissue from TgChBrUD1 and (C) TgChBrUD2 reinfected pregnant female. Arrows indicate parasites inside the parasitophorous vacuoles. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1232.jpg | When does this image show photos of lady? | before disease and after excellent |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4077252_Fig3_302502.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Immunohistochemistry of Fas and FasL protein of spleen tissue sections. Immunohistochemical analysis shows that Fas protein (a–d) and FasL protein (e–h) accumulate in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of splenic lymphocytes. Compared with the control (a, e) and MAP groups (b, f), the staining intensity and number of cells expressing Fas and FasL increased markedly in the SAP group (c, d, g, h), especially in those animals with infectious complications (d, h; original magnification ×400). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3961329_pone-0092186-g001_275762.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Images of the fundus of the eye of a cat showing reflectance changes in response to transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES).The reflectance changes appeared on the optic disc (OD) and over the retinal blood vessels after the TES. The reflectance changes began about 2.0 s after the onset of stimulation (4.0 s after the onset of recording), and the intensity of the reflectance change increased for 7.0 s after the onset of the recording. It then gradually decreased for 12.0 s. The top left is a fundus photograph of the left eye. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_06025.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | CT angiogram. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4373023_f03_371518.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Initial radiographs. A) Cephalometric tracing; B) Panoramic radiograph; C)
Periapical radiograph of right upper incisors; D) Periapical radiograph of left
upper incisors; E) Periapical radiograph of lower incisors. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3842945_pone-0080995-g004_246616.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Immunohistochemistry for GVD markers in muscle fibers of s-IBM cases.Anti-CHMP2B (A), anti-caspase3 (B, C), anti-CDK5 (D), anti- CK1δ (E, F), anti-JNK (G, H), anti-LRRK2 (I), anti-annexin2 (J, K), anti-flotillin-1 (L, M), and anti-pTDP43 (N, O). (B, C), (E, F), (G,H), (J, K), (L, M) and (N, O) indicate 2 independent antibodies for the identification of each protein. Arrows indicate RVs. Scale bar = 20 µm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4472876_F6_398074.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Orthopantomogram after 6 months follow-up showing short band loop space maintainer in relation to 75 and the successive permanent second premolar |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4184805_pone-0108180-g001_324972.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Alteration of GM volume in the OO group compared with the NW group.Red represents regions with reduced GM volume while blue represents those with increased GM volume in the OO group (P<0.001, not corrected for multiple comparisons). GM: gray matter; OO: obese or overweight; NW: normal weight. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4529151_pone.0135151.g004_413162.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Comparison of radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network morphology between speckle variance optical coherence tomography and histology images.Representative images from the six study regions obtained using svOCT and the confocal scanning laser microscope are provided. Sup = Superior; ST = Supero-temporal; Temp = Temporal; IT = Infero-temporal; Inf = Inferior and N = Nasal. Scale bar = 100 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3060837_F1_90528.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | H&E and anti-EPX staining of GI tissues. EPX-mAb-based immunohistochemistry provided evidence of both tissue infiltrating eosinophils and eosinophil degranulation in GI biopsies from the patient described in this cse report. In contrast to sections stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (left panels) which displayed only nominal evidence of eosinophil infiltration and degranulation, serial sections subjected to EPX-mAb-based immunohistochemistry (right panels) displayed significant evidence (magenta staining areas) of both eosinophil infiltration and degranulation (extra-cellular deposition of granules and/or free-EPX within the tissue matrix). Each photomicrograph was obtained at an original magnification of 400× (0.29 mm2 field of view). Scale bar = 50 μm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4474636_pgen.1005214.g003_398290.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Histological assessment of the rib in Fgfr3 cKO mice.(A, B) Fast Green/Safranin O- and H & E-stained coronal sections of the rib bone from Fgfr3 cKO mice showing multiple hypertrophic chondrocyte clusters in the costal cartilage. Some clusters (arrows) disrupted the continuity of the perichondrium in the cartilage. Cartilage islands (arrowhead) were observed within the trabecular bone of the rib in Fgfr3 cKO mice. Scale bar: 400 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3197137_pone-0026286-g001_112290.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | A typical three-dimensional region of interest created by manually outlining the hippocampal formation in consecutive T2-weighted sagittal images of a human cerebral hemisphere.Image A corresponds to the most lateral slice and image I to the most medial slice. The hemisphere remained immersed in formaldehyde solution during the MRI scan. In-plane resolution was 0.3125×0.3125 mm2 after zero-padding of the k-space acquisition matrix. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4069010_pone-0100304-g006_300734.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | X-rays of the disc allografts in different groups (three months postoperatively).A: AP view, B: lateral view, C: extention-lateral view, D: flexion-lateral view. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3395037_F1_144694.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Imaging of abscess cavity debris rating. The degree of visualized detail for both US and CT images was rated using a 4-point scale. A rating of 1 corresponded to visualized changes in the soft tissue but no organized fluid collection. A rating of 2 corresponded to visualization of a discrete abscess cavity but no internal details (i.e. a homogenous center). A rating of 3 corresponded with visualization of heterogeneous contents of the abscess cavity without fine detail, and a rating of 4 corresponded with visualized fine details within the abscess cavity. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic31874.jpg | what organ system is shown in the image? | gastrointestinal |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2673474_fig1_37800.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | In in vitro experiments (a) bacterial colony plate in an agar dilution
before insertion of povidone-iodine. (b)
Bacterial colony plate in an agar dilution after biopsy; the mean number of colony-forming units
decreased 99.9% after rectal preparation. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4287680_Fig6_349261.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Fluorescence microscopy of pancreas sections 24 h after an intravenous injection of Np647–ExCys1 in DT-treated RIP-DTr female (a) and DT-treated male RIP-DTr (b) mice. Fluorescent nanoparticles are seen in red, and the pancreas sections were stained for insulin (blue) and glucagon (orange). The white box outlines the area that is shown at a higher magnification in the right merge panel. Scale bar, 30 μm in all panels, except for 10 μm in the enlargements of the boxed areas |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvd90hg074yfxq8a2ub.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4574557_pone.0138366.g008_424714.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Human retinoblastomas express ACOT7 and DLL3.Immunohistochemistry was performed on four retinoblastoma samples obtained from four individual pediatric patients. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of each retinoblastoma (retinoblastoma 1–4) shows identified tumor (Tumor) and adjacent retina (denoted with an asterisk). Control staining served as a negative control (no primary; secondary antibody only; hematoxylin counterstain). In four of four cases, retinoblastomas display expression of ACOT7 and DLL3. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4531126_figure2_413602.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Microscopic presentation of the tumor showing enteric-type adenocarcinoma. (A) Cluster of neoplastic cells arranged in acinar pattern show atipical nuclei and clear cytoplasmatic droplets of mucin; (B) Immunohistochemically cells are negative to TTF-1; (C) Expression of CDX2 and (D) cytokeratin 7; (E) No immunoreactivity is evident for Cytokeratin 20. (A) Hematoxylin and Eosin, original magnification X40 - (B) X40 - (C) X20 – (D) X40 – (E) X40. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxve90l0074y2s336tdz.jpg | How many findings are present? | 1 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3412829_pone-0042539-g001_148646.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Influence of different gas discharge plasmas on 7-day old Candida albicans biofilms grown on polystyrene wafer.The samples were washed and dried by air flow before plasma treatment. The microscopic images were taken with a magnification of 200 at the same sample position before (left column) and after plasma treatment (right column) A: The control sample was only exposed to the Ar/O2 gas flow for 60 s without plasma ignition. B: The biofilm sample was exposed to 5 slm Ar plasma. C: The biofilm sample was exposed to plasma composed of a gas mixture of 5 slm Ar and 0.05 slm O2 (total admixture of 1% O2). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3522354_fig234_172909.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | A, Contrast enhanced CT scan below the pulmonary sling in the same patient. The pulmonary vein is adjacent to the pulmonary artery (arrow). B, CT scan of the lung base. The branches of the anomalous venous structure are visible (arrows). C,D, Distal branches drained to the inferior vena cava (arrows). Abdominal fatty tissue and a part of the liver (curved arrow) are herniated to the posterobasal region of the thorax. (Bochdalek’s hernia) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0126.jpg | Does uppurative diseases show characteristically increased number of megakaryocytes with single non-lobulated nuclei and reduced cytoplasmic granularity inbox on right photomicrograph? | no |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4316162_f2_355274.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | STM topography images of the Si(111)7 × 7 surface after the deposition of KCl at room temperature:(a) growth of 2 ML(001) and 3 ML(001) KCl islands with polygonal shape; (b) and (c) completion of the first and second layers, resulting in a 3 ML(001) (b) and 5 ML(001) ultra-thin KCl film (c), respectively. (d) ball model of the first and second KCl(001) layers. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2845804_fig4_60595.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Results from the whole brain analysis. (A) The whole brain analysis revealed significant increases in BOLD signal when up arrow cues were detected across all three task conditions in a network of brain regions including the IFG bilaterally. There was no significant difference between acquisition blocks in the RIFG even at a liberal uncorrected threshold. (B) There was a significant effect of block within the left sensorimotor cortex ROIs. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_48068.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Chest X‐ray showing ARDS, bilateral chest drains, central venous lines as well as ECMO cannulas and the final position of the aortic stent graft (Valiant Thoracic, Proximal FreeFlo Straight, 24 × 127; Medtronic). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3244112_F7_119825.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Met and EGFR are excluded from the plasma membrane enriched by lipid rafts upon cell adhesion. A431 cells were replated on glass coverslips coated with 100 μg/ml poly-L-lysine for 30 min and stained for lipid rafts with Alexa 488-conjugated cholera toxin B subunit. The cells were stained for Met (a) or EGFR (b) with a monoclonal antibody which specifically recognizes the extracellular domain of the receptors and visualized by confocal microscopy. Arrowheads on the XZ-section images indicate the height at which XY -section images were taken. Scale Bar, 5 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3944432_pone-0090722-g003_272110.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | TPA does not alter cell polarization.Cultures of MCF10A acini were fed on days 4, 8, 12, and 16 in the absence (control) or presence of 10 nM TPA (TPA). The cultures were fixed on day 18 and then stained with A) an anti-GM130 antibody (green) and DAPI to detect nuclei (blue), or B) an anti-laminin antibody (green) and DAPI (blue). The images were captured by confocal microscopy (40X). Bar = 50 microns. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02496.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Preoperative MRI image of the same patient. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2954804_pone-0013425-g002_75892.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Neutron tomographies of vertebrae BP-1-5796.A. First (anterior to posterior direction) preserved vertebrae. B. Second vertebrae. C–D. Third vertebrae. A–C. Transversal slices, in anterior view, at level of anterior border of the transverse process. D. Transversal slice, in anterior view, at level of maximum thickness of inflammation. E–F. Coronal slices of the vertebral series in dorsal view, (E) at level of the neural canal, (F) at level of the centrae, anterior to the left. G. Sagittal slice of the vertebral series in right view. H. Raw neutron image in right lateral view. Scale bar represents 10 mm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07909.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Coronary angiogram with an arterial ROI superimposed over the LAD coronary artery for lumen volume measurement |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2494991_F6_26230.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | siRNA-mediated CK2β silencing does not affect nuclear RNP export. A549 cells were transfected with either control or CK2β siRNA for 48 h, inoculated with virus at an MOI of 1, and incubated for an additional 6 h or 8 h. The RNP complexes and CK2β protein were stained with a goat anti-NP antibody (red) and an anti-CK2β mouse monoclonal antibody (green), respectively. The nucleus was counterstained with TO-PRO-3 (blue). Intracellular RNP localization was analyzed at the indicated time points by confocal laser scanning microscopy (100× magnification). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4315584_pone.0116632.g002_355195.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | CT and enhanced gradient echo T2 star-weighted angiography (ESWAN) images of the brain of a 54-year-old man who experienced a traumatic brain injury.An axial head CT image displays right frontotemporal SAH (Fisher grade 4) with bilateral frontal contusions and intracerebral hematoma (A). A follow-up CT image 26 weeks after the brain injury indicates that the hemorrhages were completely resolved and the lateral ventricles were mildly enlarged (B). A follow-up MRI (1.5T) image was obtained 26 weeks following the head injury (C,D). The axial ESWAN image displays a rim of hypointensity (arrowheads), with hemosiderin deposits forming along the cerebral convexity (C, D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2783101_F8_51837.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Brain MRI Venous Angiography. Normal. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4238998_pone-0110225-g004_338188.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Example of misaligned photo and two-tone image pair.This image shows the actual degree of misalignment, but participants were never informed about the degree or direction of misalignment or even if any misalignment or distortion occurred between the images. The intersection of the horizontal and vertical red lines shows the same geometric point relative to the frame of the images. Participants could identify these matching points even without reference to the underlying images (for example, if the cards were blank). Actual corresponding features are shown with the red dot, and were displaced 1.8 cm in a direction that varied from image pair to image pair. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2564.jpg | Does alpha smooth muscle actin immunohistochemical show resolving acute rejection? | no |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3881923_f1-ol-07-02-0393_256736.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Representative immunohistochemical staining in normal bile mucosa and CC. (A) Negative signal of FXYD6 was detected in normal bile duct tissues. By contrast, moderate expression of FXYD6 was found in (B) well-differentiated papillocarcinoma and significant FXYD6 expression was found in (C) moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma, (D) poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma and (E) lymph node metastases. (F and G) Negative signal of FXYD6 was detected in bile duct (red arrow), poorly-differentiated CC (black arrow) and (H) mucinous carcinoma. (I) FXYD6 was widely distributed in the infiltrative nerve (the dotted area) and the CC cells (red arrow). Magnification, (A, B, C, H and I) ×200 and (D, E, F and G) ×400. CC, cholangiocarcinoma. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2700117_F2_40436.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | PLAP staining and immunolocalization of estrogen receptors (ERβ1, ERβ2) in intratubular germ cell neoplasia adjacent to seminoma (A) and embryonal carcinoma(B); the pictures show representative samples. A, B: PLAP staining. A1, B1: ERβ1 immunolocalization. A2, B2: ERβ2 immunodetection. Ncg, neoplastic germ cell. Sc, Sertoli cell. Scale bars = 5 mμ. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2859949_pone-0010352-g004_62920.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Immuno-histology of grafts in tolerant vs rejecting recipients.Graft staining of Group 4 (tolerant mice) at day 20 post-transplant (A–D), graft staining of Group 4 (tolerant mice) at day 100 post-transplant (E–H), graft staining of Group 1 (rejecting mice) within the first 48 hours of rejection (I–L) and graft staining of Group 1 (rejecting mice) between 48 hours and 7 days of rejection (M–P). A, E, I, M, Hematoxylin & eosin (magnification 200x), B, F, J, N Insulin immunofluorescence (green, magnification 200x), Foxp3 immunochemistry (brawn intranuclear staining) C, D, G, K Magnification 200x and D, H, L, P Magnification 600x. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0630.jpg | What show a communication in the inter-ventricular septum superiorly white arrow? | opened chambers of heart |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3086910_pone-0019257-g002_94249.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Electron micrographs show postembedding immunogold labeling for KV10.1 in MCF-7 cells (A–C), postnatal day 7 cerebellum (D–E) and adult pyramidal cells in CA1 (F–H).Gold particles are observed in the perinuclear inner membrane and/or adjacent to the ONM. N = Nucleus, Scale bars: 0.1 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02173.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Balloon sizing of ASD. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4336929_fig2_360939.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | An aortography image (LAO 45) showing the connection between the TAA and the pulmonary artery. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4289272_Fig3_349703.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
Effect of Sal B on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Immunohistochemistry for VEGF in epidural scar tissues treated with Sal B (a), Vehicle (b) or nothing (c). As shown in statistical analysis (d), the density of VEGF in the Sal B group (a) was less than the other 2 groups. *P < 0.05 vs the Vehicle and the Sham group. The density of VEGF in the Vehicle group was similar to that of the Sham group. The magnification was 400 ×. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4692834_Fig3_456891.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Schematic representation of apical rocking and septal flash. Schematic representation of the left ventricle in echocardiographic apical four-chamber view, showing both septal flash and apical rocking due to LBBB-induced mechanical dyssynchrony. a Early septal contraction stretches the lateral wall and rocks the apex to the left, while the septum thickens and moves inwards. b Late lateral wall contraction stretches the septum and rocks the apex to the right. c Relaxation of the lateral wall with continuing septal contraction, while the apex moves to its original position |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4530540_Fig2_413461.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. |
C. albicans colonies on yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD) agar. a Colony morphology of Ck74, isolated from a healthy individual, has morphological switching. The colonies appear white, velvety and bigger. b Representative colonies of other C. albicans isolates appear glistening, domed shaped, and smooth. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3629269_f1-ol-05-04-1370_199532.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Immunocytochemical staining pattern for cell-associated epithelial and melanocytic markers in (A–C) MCF-7, (D–F) MDA-MB-231 and (G–I) MDA-MB-435 cells. Cytoplasmic staining against (A,D,G) pan-CK, (B,E,H) mammaglobin and (C,F,I) melan A. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were negative for melan 1, while MDA-MB-435 cells reveal a focal typical positive reaction for this melanocytic marker, particularly in regions with accumulated, ‘denser’ tumor cells (magnification, ×400). CK, cytokeratin. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic22244.jpg | what part of the body is being imaged here? | lung, mediastinum, pleura |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3789100_f8-ol-06-03-0687_235493.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | MVD in (A) control, (B) 32P-CP colloid and (C) 32P-CP-PLLA groups. 32P-CP-PLLA, 32P-chromic-poly (L-lactide). Hematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×200. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4183526_pone-0108792-g011_324724.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image |
In vivo behavior of the test (a–e) and control (f–j) scaffolds.(a, f) 4-week old anastomosed scaffolds as seen in the omentum of the model animal; (b, g) low magnification and (c, h) high magnification H&E stained sections showing the host cell infiltration and cell distribution (deep blue-purple nuclei, pink cytoplasmic and extracellular proteins); (d, i) TRI stained sections showing the synthesis of extracellular collagen (blue or green) by the invading cells; and (e, j) anti-CD31 stained sections showing the infiltration of microvascular endothelial cells (brown). The black arrow in the panels (b–e) represents the direction of host cell/tissue infiltration. Scale: 200 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02507.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Computed tomography scan of the chest showing a 7.0 × 3.2 cm2 pleural-based left upper lobe soft-tissue mass. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4468105_pone.0130139.g003_396927.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Longitudinal section of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of Nicotiana benthamiana plants.The TuGK- and TuGK-PHYL1-infected SAM sections were evaluated by confocal microscopy. Complete stacks demonstrate that GFP (green), GFP-PHYL1 (green) and chlorophyll (red) were present in the SAM region. The SAM tissues were corrected at 4 dpi of TuGK- or TuGK-PHYL1-infected plants. Bar, 100 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvk90uk074y088zgy2s.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | Z-line |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2701938_F6_40727.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Horizontal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sections of various sea urchin specimens. The virtual sections were made at the level of gonads, upper digestive tract, and axial complex (arrow). Note the differing mesenterial suspensions of the axial complex. A Cidaris cidaris (Cidaroida). B Eucidaris metularia (Cidaroida). C Caenopedina mirabilis (Pedinoida). D Aspidodiadema hawaiiense (Aspidodiadematidae). E Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Echinoida). F Lytechinus variegatus (Echinoida). G Mespilia globulus (Temnopleuroida). H Echinoneus cyclostomus (Holectypoida). Tables 1 & 2 list resolutions for each MRI dataset. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3517474_F1_171263.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Radiographic findings of the blastomatoid pulmonary carcinosarcoma. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) detected a sharply marginated tumour in the upper right hemithorax of up to 12.9 cm size (A, coronal view). The tumour extended to the right hilus, pleura, and the spinal column. Positron emission tomography with integrated computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT, Philips Gemini, PET-acquisition 90 minutes after intravenous injection of 198 megabecquerel 2-(18F)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose) revealed marked FDG-glucose uptake in the pulmonary mass, especially median, lateral and caudal, with a maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 14.1 (B, fusion PET/CT, coronal view). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2764.jpg | Does thymoma show thermal burned skin? | no |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2844740_F0002_60231.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Postdiuretic delayed FDG-PET/CT acquisition in the same patient as in Figure 1. Coronal (a), sagittal (b) and axial (c) plain CT scan images reveal focal bladder wall thickening posteroinferiorly (arrows). Coronal (d), sagittal (e) and axial (f) fused PET/CT images reveal adequate tracer washout from the bladder. A focal area of hypermetabolism is noted in the thickened posteroinferior wall of the bladder (arrows), indicating active disease (recurrent cancer). Cystoscopic biopsy confirmed recurrence |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4190153_pone-0109260-g005_326296.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Petrography of Peregrinella limestones.Images are ordered by an increasing proportion of seep cements (light colored), compared to microcrystalline carbonate (micrite; dark colored). A: Incoronata (GZG.INV.82754); B: Musenalp (GZG.INV.82734); C: Rottier (FSL 425077); D: Curnier (GZG.INV.82728); E: Rice Valley (GZG.INV.82748); F: Wilbur Springs (GZG.INV.82753); G: Bonanza Creek (USNM 603602), H: Raciborsko (ZPAL Bp.III). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3215677_F5_115514.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Immunostaining of biopsies of lesions at five weeks postinfection. Top: Mouse inoculated with the non-subcultured isolate showing positive cells for anti-CD4 (left) and for anti-CD14 (right); 100×. Bottom: Foot-pad biopsy of mouse inoculated with T130. CD4+ (left) and CD14+ (right) T-cell lymphocytes are seen abundantly surrounding the microabscesses among the scarring tissue; (100×). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4538719_Fig12_415160.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | TEM observations of the BaTiO3 sample (S14) obtained via the dynamic hydrothermal process at 180 °C for 1 h with [NaOH] = 1.0 mol/L and R
Ba/Ti = 1.2: a-b low-magnification TEM images, c high-resolution TEM image, and d SAED pattern |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3529191_F1_174937.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | PDGF-immunohistochemistry. Expression of PDGFR-β in gastric cancer specimens: Intestinal type (a) gastric cancer expressed more commonly PDGFR-β, while diffuse type (b) often showed no expression. Note strong expression of PDGFR-β in the surface epithelium (b). Interestingly, PDGFR-β, was also found in myocytes of tumor blood vessel (c, d). Anti- PDGFR-β, hematoxylin counterstain; Original magnifications: x400 (a), x200 (b, d). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvb90eo074y5ehc1t07.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4022366_F2_289084.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Evolution of controlled cortical impact injury over time.Ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and corresponding hematoxylin and eosin stains demonstrate the controlled cortical impact (CCI) lesion’s extension from the cortex through the corpus callosum. By 4 weeks postinjury, the lesion had evolved into a cavity, with minimal further changes observed by 8 weeks (data not shown). Arrowheads on day 1 MRI scans indicate areas of edema. The arrow on the day 7 scan indicates an area of hemorrhage. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4450267_fig2_391621.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you |
T. crassiceps-infected mice do not display severe pathology during ulcerative colitis. (a) Upper panel, colon tissue histology stained with H&E and showing colonic inflammation in different groups: magnification is 10x; bottom panel, Alcian blue-stained goblet cells (blue): magnification is 20x. (b) Percentages of neutrophils and monocytes located in distal colons. (c) Number of goblet cells; these cells were quantified from at least 20 crypts per region in five fields in four different slides per animal. Data are means ± SEM. *
P < 0.05, **
P < 0.01. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4270734_pone-0115239-g008_345634.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Stability of the intraocular array (arrow) and helical lead wire (star) over the initial 12 months of implantation, as documented by X-ray images.Additional scans were taken to monitor the percutaneous connector (not shown), which also stayed stable over this time period. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_intestine/train_1615.jpg | What is present? | gastrointestinal |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzfdp3o086uhiisb4vi.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3534311_fig2_176447.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Seventy-seven years old male—with a pacemaker since a year—presented with fatigue, coughing, 5 kg weight loss, and short episodes of sub-febrile temperatures. Initial diagnostic workup showed anaemia, and increased inflammatory markers (CRP 93 mg/L, ESR 60 mm/h); blood cultivations were negative. Chest radiography showed no abnormalities. In further search for an explanation an F18-FDG PET/CT was performed. The PET/CT showed increased uptake of F18-FDG in a large precardiac mass. Biopsy of the large precardiac mass showed a diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). According to the guidelines and age-related, patient got only palliative treatment, starting with steroids. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4235191_fig2_337101.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | (a) Preoperative view. (b) Fractured segment. (c) Radiograph of prepared post space. (d) Flap elevated to expose margins of fracture. (e) Postoperative view. (f) 1-year follow-up radiograph. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3499437_F2_166327.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | The HBsAg and HBcAg levels in glomeruli in frozen biopsy slices. 2A, 2B (the magnification of 2A): HBsAg was not present in the glomerulus and tublules in glomeruli of HBsAg-negetive cases (G indicates a glomerulus). SP × 120 and SP × 460 2C, 2D (the magnification of 2C): HBsAg present in glomeruli. SP × 120 and SP × 460. 2E, 2 F (the magnification of 2E): HBcAg present in the glomeruli. SP × 120 and SP × 460 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4020492_f5-ijmm-33-05-1110_288332.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Detection of apoptotic cells in human gracilis skeletal muscle of individuals 50 years of age. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining is shown in black, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is colored red and DAPI is shown as blue nuclei in human gracilis skeletal muscle. (a) TUNEL-positive nuclei, (b) AIF-positive nuclei, (c) DAPI-positive nuclei, (d) overlay of TUNEL, AIF and DAPI. Arrows indicate AIF-, TUNEL- and DAPI-positive nuclei. Images were obtained at an objective magnification of ×200. Scale bars, 150 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2301.jpg | Does bone, clivus show oil wrights cells easily diagnosed? | no |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3081316_pone-0019036-g002_93228.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Kinetics of fungal biofilm formation on CaBChip.(A) Light microscopy: a series of microphotographs showing the formation of nano-biofilms over time upon incubation at 37°C after initial printing using the robotic microarrayer. Magnification is ×100 for all panels. (B) Growth kinetics of C. albicans biofilm formation in CaBChip as determined using FUN 1 staining and a microarray reader. Cells were printed on the chips, incubated at 37°C and fluorescence readings were taken over a 48 hour period. Results are expressed as arbitrary Relative Fluorescence Units (RFUs). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxuu8zr8074y7ha63pmn.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Gastroscopy |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3984237_pone-0094654-g008_280599.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Transfer of enhanced imaging speed into improved heart coverage per breath-hold.Three short axis views of the heart derived from single breath-hold per slice acquisitions using coherent FSE and SCSE-FSE are shown. For comparison the same three short axis views of the heart were derived from three-fold accelerated single breath-hold acquisitions using coherent FSE and SCSE-FSE. The latter offers an effective examination time advantage of a factor of approximately six (assuming a 15 sec recovery after a breath-hold) over the single slice per breath-hold approach. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_74389.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | La TDM thoracique retrouve un processus lésionnel tissulaire du lobe supérieur droit qui s’étend vers le médiastin et englobe partiellement la veine cave supérieure avec une adénopathie latérotracheale droite nécrosée faisant évoquer un processus d’allure tumoral |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic42803.jpg | what organ system is shown in the image? | spine and contents |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_36563.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Fistulagram demonstrating central venous stenosis with collaterals |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_1566.jpg | What is present ? | vasculature |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_56289.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Portable chest X-ray. Minimal cardiomegaly and minimal interstitial pulmonary vascular congestion. Possible small right pleural effusion. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.