image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_3/PMC3502834_fig4_167410.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | MRI. Sequence of the movement of the thrombus (*) in the right heart. During the systole is “rolled” in RA (a), in isovolumic diastole “lengthens” ((b), (c)) to then prolapse in RV, in end-diastole (d). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4655040_fig6_446336.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Control chest X-ray on the follow-up visit. Radiological improvement of the right lower lobe alveolar infiltrate. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2661.jpg | Does this image show close-up view of one side of head? | yes |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_lungs/train_0498.jpg | Is collagen the product of Pseudomonas infections? | no |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4555157_nutrients-07-05318-f006_419248.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Representative sections of von Kossa stained tissue samples. Microscopically visible von Kossa positive staining was only detected in kidney tissue samples of CKD and CDK-K2 animals. Magnification 40×; Counterstain: nuclear fast red; Co = control group; Co-K2 = MK-7 supplemented control group; CKD = 5/6 nephrectomized group; CKD-K2 = MK-7 supplemented 5/6 nephrectomized group. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0522.jpg | Is the necrotic tissue surrounded by mixed inflammatory infiltrate with granulation tissue formation? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3310814_F6_131243.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Immunohistochemical identification and quantification of TGF-βRI, in APH control rat prostate score 2-3 (A), APH rat prostate treated with Saw Palmetto 100 mg kg score 3 (B), APH rat prostate treated with DPPS (1000 mg kg) score 3 (C) and APH rat prostate treated with DPPE (600 mg kg) score 3 (D). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1866226_F2_10830.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Examples of root cross sections which contain resting spores and were treated with each BNYVV antisera and FITC conjugated secondary antisera. The name of each viral protein is indicated in the bottom of each panel. The arrows point to examples of resting spores. Images were taken using confocal microscopy. Fluorescent images were merged with images taken using the transmitted light detector. Negative samples shown here were treated with buffer and secondary antisera. No label was detected in samples treated with buffer, BMV, or BSBMV antisera followed by FITC conjugated secondary antisera. Bars represent 10 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gljs4kz071uaa8h1tjs.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 0 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4599031_fig4s1_431428.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | aJO-, aBN2-, and aDN-LexA lines.(A) Percent of total time that LexA lines expressing thermally activated dTrpA1 spent antennal grooming. Box plots, statistics, and experimental conditions are as described in Figure 1A,B (n > 10; ***p < 0.001). (B–D) CNSs co-stained with anti-GFP (green) and anti-bruchpilot (magenta). LexA lines are as follows: (B) aJO-LexA, (C) aBN2-LexA, and (D) aDN-LexA. Scale bar, 100 μm. Box insets show higher magnification of cell bodies of interneurons involved in antennal grooming; (C) shows four cell bodies and (D) shows three.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08758.015 |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxus8zo8074y6pz410z6.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2332.jpg | What is nuclear change unknown? | obvious source |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1162.jpg | What is present? | respiratory |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4472968_F1_398086.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Axial T2 weighted magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRC) images showing a voluminous and heterogeneous collection in the left liver lobe (amoebic abscess). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2364153_fig3_21688.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Patient CT 5, Tc-99m hHMFG-1 radioimmunoscintigraphy. Negative left axilla nodes and positive breast cancer. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4287680_Fig3_349257.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Fluorescence microscopy of control RIP-DTr pancreas sections 24 h after the intravenous injection of either Np647–ExCys1 (a) or Np647–ExScra (b). Fluorescent nanoparticles are seen in red and the pancreas sections were stained for insulin (blue) and glucagon (yellow/orange). The white box outlines the area that is shown at a higher magnification in the right merge panel. Scale bar, 30 μm in all panels, except for 10 μm in the enlargements of the boxed areas |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_23438.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Sagittal reconstruction computed tomography at presentation, left C1–C2 facet dislocation. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4022052_F5_288945.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Traces after ND displacement indicating the contact area. Intact ND (a). First displacement (without rolling) of the ND (b). Second displacement of the ND, contrast-enhanced to reveal ‘traces’ (black elliptical regions correspond to the former position of ND bulbs) (c). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00580.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Postoperative X-ray demonstrates bilateral temporal and occipital stimulator leads. The four arrows point to the temporal and occipital leads. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4066677_fig1_300371.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | 3D model reconstruction from micro-CT images of (a) scaffold S1 (0/100), (b) scaffold S2 (40/60), and (c) scaffold S3 (70/30). Differences in the structure can be observed, which can be ascribed to the different composition of the scaffolds. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4004793_F1_284844.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Tissue necrosis on maxillary left lateral incisor after two A) and ten B) days of injury; C) initial x-ray of the maxillary left lateral incisor; D) post-endodontic x-ray shows lateral perforation (red arrow head), along the mesial wall of the root in the lateral incisor; E) the CBCT shows the perforation in the mesial wall (red arrow); F) the gross view of perforation in the extracted tooth and; G) six-month follow-up |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvl90wc074y52039r1y.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink, Red, White |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4387942_fig3_375516.jpg | What is shown in this image? | A 49-year-old man with NET of unknown origin for over 4 years. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT (a) identified primary pancreatic lesion (arrow), whereas SPECT/CT (b) and WB DWI (c) did not. This lesion was noted only retrospectively (arrow) on dedicated abdominal CT (d) performed 4 years previously [13]. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4329839_fig3_358643.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | CT of the abdomen/pelvis reveals a 43 × 27 mm pancreas cyst in the body (a). EUS-guided ethanol ablation of pancreas cyst (b). Follow-up CT scan showing decrease in size (26 × 19 mm) of pancreas cyst after EUS-guided ethanol ablation (c). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_28718.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Pneumoperitoneum visible under both hemi-diaphragms. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic47686.jpg | was gi contrast given to the patient? | no |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4099935_F2_306303.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Tissue-resident immune cells in the epidermis. (A) CD4+ and CD8+ T cell localization in the skin of mice following clearance of HSV-1 infection. CD4+ T cells (red) localize to the dermis, while CD8+ TRM persist in the epidermis. Nuclei are stained blue with DAPI. (B) Skin TRM localize to the basal epidermis in contact with the basement membrane that separates dermis from epidermis. CD8+ TRM, red; laminin-γ2, green; DAPI, blue. (C) The morphology of epidermis-resident TRM, LC and DETC is distinct. Scale bars: A, B: 20 μm; C: 5 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3157466_pone-0023780-g011_105465.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | BHP fixed tissues retain phosphoprotein antigenicity with immunhistochemistry.(A) Effect of BHP fixation on phosphorylated protein antigenicity. Human and mouse tissues were fixed with BHP or formalin, followed by paraffin embedding. Sections were stained side-by-side, using the same protocol for each fixative. Staining intensity with phospho-specific antibodies was stronger after BHP fixation for every analyte tested. (B) Effect of long-term BHP fixation on protein antigenicity. Human colon was fixed for three months in BHP, followed by paraffin embedding. Specific and strong staining was observed for phospho-ERK Thr202/Tyr204 and cytokeratin 20, indicating retention of antigenicity for immunohistochemical studies (For description of histological details see Text S1). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic50798.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | intraventricular meningioma |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC1064897_F5_1610.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Evaluation of proteoglycan loss in human tumour necrosis factor transgenic (hTNFtg) and JNK1-/-hTNFtg mice. As shown by toluidine blue staining (a), arthritis leads to loss of proteoglycan (arrows) in the cartilage of hTNFtg and intercrossed JNK1-/-hTNFtg mice (magnification 100×). The area of early cartilage damage (b) was similar in the two groups with arthritis, whereas the joints of wild-type (wt) and JNK1 knockout (JNK1-/-) animals were unaffected. Vertical bars indicate standard deviation. JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3083698_f1-ijms-12-01175_93586.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Optical microscope observations of the biofoam microstructure. The 1% biofoam ((a) and (b)) exhibits more filament particles than the 4% biofoam ((c) and (d)), but is less compact. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4477615_Fig1_399172.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Chromosomal location of H3 histone genes in venerid clams. H3 histone gene (H3) probes mapped by FISH to mitotic chomosomes of Ruditapes philippinarum (RPH), Ruditapes decussatus (RDE), Venerupis corrugata (VCO), Venus verrucosa (VVE) and Dosinia exoleta (DEX). To ascertain the chromosomal position of core histone gene clusters in relation to rDNA clusters, the same metaphases were rehybridized using 5S rDNA (5S) and major rDNA (28S) probes. Excluding 5S and major rDNA in RDE (arrows), all signals are on different chromosome pairs. Scale bars, 5 μm |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3622449_figure6_197914.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Figure 6: Postoperative CT findings. Dye is present in the conduit filling. The right and left pelvicalyceal systems: 1. Dye in the left kidney; 2. dye in the right kidney; 3. ‘Z’ conduit, passing above right kidney, and descending between the kidney and sigmoid colon. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2823311_F0002_57066.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Scans with normal viable bone 4 months after surgery. Top panel: CT; middle panel: PET; bottom panel: combined PET-CT. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4344975_F1_363168.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Airway (black line) to soft palate (white line) ratio method of assessing adenoid enlargement on lateral neck radiography as described by Cohen and Konak |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3857149_pone-0078425-g003_250326.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Identification of antiviral effects of the compounds by IFA.The cells were treated with anti-NS5 Mab followed by FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody, and simultaneously stained with DAPI. The mock-infected cell controls showed NS5-negative (A), while the JEV-infected cells were almost all NS5-positive (B). There were few cells infected with JEV when treated with the compounds at 20 µM (D, F and H). FGIN-1-27 inhibited JEV replication in about 80% cells at a concentration of 5 µM (C). There were ∼60% and ∼30% JEV-negative cells after treatment with 5 µM cilnidipine and niclosamide (E and G). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3298721_F2_129209.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | A, Immediate postoperative Anteroposterior radiograph of two-lateral entry pinning showing acceptable reduction. B, Immediate postoperative lateral radiograph of two-lateral entry pinning showing acceptable reduction. C, Follow-up Anteroposterior radiograph showing loss of reduction in two-lateral entry pinning. D, Follow-up lateral radiographs showing loss of reduction in two-lateral entry pinning. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_26467.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Axial contrast-enhanced CT in a 2-year-old girl with left-side necrotising pneumonia and pericardial collection (white arrows) in the process of being drained. There is poor enhancement of the visible portions of the left lung and an air-filled thin-walled cavity without surrounding enhancement representing cavitary necrosis (black arrow) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3049734_f3_89056.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | An animation representing a three-dimensional rendering of a 136.3 µm thick z-stack of the TM region of the human eye imaged through the sclera. Rotation is around the y-axis, beginning −60 °C from the original xy-imaging plane through +60 °C. Schlemm’s canal is visible in the lower center. This animation can be viewed in the html version of the article. This image is a representative frame of the animation. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3390140_fig7_143901.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Cellular architecture in normal and injured motor cortices. (a)-(b) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of coronal sections from mice subjected to sham surgery (a) and motor cortex injury (b). (c)-(d) Mosaic confocal images of adjacent sections show MAP2- (red) positive neurons and GFAP (green) astrocytes in sham (c) and injured (d) brains. (e)-(f) Higher magnifications of the insets in (c) and (d). In contrast to the well-organized architecture in the control motor cortex (e), there was a significant loss in the number of neurons, associated with an increase in astrogliosis in the injured cortex. Hoechst (blue) was used to label the nuclei. Scale bars: 1000 μm (a)–(d), 100 μm (e)-(f). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2917564_F4_70920.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | A. Bilateral hip dysplasia with valgus deformities after earlier subtrochanteric osteotomies. B. Radiograph after insertion of custom femoral stems bilaterally. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1333.jpg | Does embryo-fetus show neural tube defect, meningomyelocele? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3019360_F0003_84090.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Case #2. (a): Axial T1 with contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showing enhancement in right lateral ventricle without evidence of intraventricular cysts. (b): Axial T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showing right ventriculostomy catheter in the lateral ventricle. No intraventricular cysts were seen. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyndocs086uh48t62d7.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4016743_fig03_287572.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | X-ray images of sagittal sections of rat heads at E19 (A–C) and E21 (D–F) show largely overlapping distribution of SK1 and SK2 transcripts in several cortical and subcortical areas, whereas SK3 mRNA has a complementary distribution pattern. Control sections at E21 (G–I) hybridized in the presence of 100-fold excess cold oligonucleotide for each probe show a uniformly low, nonspecific labeling. Darkfield photomicrographs from various brain regions at E19–E21 exemplifying signals of strong (+++), moderate (++), and weak (+) intensity for SK1 (J), SK2 (K), and SK3 (L). For abbreviations see list. Scale bars = 2 mm in F (applies to A–F); 2 mm in I (applies to G–I). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4669183_pone.0143821.g002_450271.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Illustration of a CB-CT and five MR images of the same animal.a) Coronal CB-CT image and (b)-(f) biased field corrected and masked coronal MR images using a T1-weighted (b), T2-weighted (c), ZTE (d), UTE1 (e) and UTE2 (f) sequence. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2856012_fig2_62268.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | CT pelvis and FDG PET/CT images at baseline (A, B) and at 1 month (C, D) after treatment of a metastatic vulval melanoma with imatinib. Arrows indicate areas of response (Case 2). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3598538_F2_191899.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Immunohistochemical labelling of a schizont with polyclonal antiserum to S. calchasi in the brain of pigeon no. 7 during the first phase of disease. No associated cellular immune reaction or necrosis is discernible. In total, three schizonts were identified in consecutive section of the brain of this pigeon. Bar, 30 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4386196_F2_375255.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | a, b, c: CT Scan of chest; shows a large heterogeneous mass with few sparks of calcification occupying almost whole of the right hemi thorax. Medially the mass is abutting and pushing superior vena cava, Aorta, right pulmonary artery and heart. Mass is also causing compression effects on the right hemi-diaphragm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2754611_pone-0007385-g005_47190.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Analyzing the effect of DX expression on cell morphology.Phase-contrast micrograph images taken between 2 and 9 hours post-induction show the filamentous phenotype in cells expressing protein DX. The unbiquitin and empty control strains appear normal at all times of induced growth. Images were acquired at 40× magnification. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic48279.jpg | what plane is seen? | sagittal |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3012647_f1_82608.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Isolated human retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in culture. A-D: Morphological changes of human RGCs in serum-free defined culture at different time intervals. The cell bodies and neurites were examined by calcein-AM staining. (A) day 1; (B) day 7; (C) day 21 at lower magnification; (D) day 21 at higher magnification. E: Percentage of surviving RGCs over time. Approximately 50% of the RGCs survived after the first 3 days in culture. The survival percentages were moderately reduced and maintained at about 20% after 1 month. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Error bars: SD. Scale bars: (A, B, D) 50 µm, (C) 25 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2707627_pone-0006314-g006_41330.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Tumors treated with lentiviral vectors and ganciclovir show complete remission on MRI.Representative three-dimensional MRI (T2 RARE). (A,F,K,P) Lentiviral LCMV-GP vectors with ganciclovir treatment. (B,G,L,Q) Lentiviral VSV-G vectors with ganciclovir treatment. (C,H,M,R) Lentiviral LCMV-GP vectors without ganciclovir treatment. (D,I,N,S) Lentiviral VSV-G vectors without ganciclovir treatment. (E,J,O,T) ganciclovir treatment only. Time points after tumor implantation: (A-E) 1 day before vector injection. (F-J) 1. week ganciclovir treatment. (K-O) 2. week ganciclovir treatment. (P-T) 4. week ganciclovir treatment. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2226078_Fig2_17121.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Computed tomography scan a during and b after the radiofrequency session with the patient in a supine position. The electrode is deployed inside the metastatic lesion of the left acetabulum (metastasis from breast cancer). There is no enhancement after intravenous contrast media administration. Before the radiofrequency session, the average pain score was 7. During the first 24 h after radiofrequency, it was 4 and 1, 4 and 8 weeks later the average pain scores were 3, 2 and 0 respectively |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4186556_f2-ol-08-05-1986_325520.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (A) prior to and (B) following treatment. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4497994_Fig2_404879.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Transversal and sagittal views of the brain stem using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. A left-sided brain stem infarction expands to the cerebral and cerebellar peduncle (arrows). A anterior, P posterior, R right, L left |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_36772.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Areas of hypo-attenuation and air collection in liver seen prior to injection of contrast (thin arrows). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_57682.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Complete urethral duplication (type II). Image from a voiding cystourethrogram demonstrates contrast agent filling a dorsal and ventral urethra (arrows). Vesicoureteral reflux is present |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0829.jpg | Do large cystic spaces lined by the flattened endothelial cells and containing lymph show cytoplasmic? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3440599_fig8_154517.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Micrographs from time-lapse videos of cells in cortical astrocyte culture and fibroblasts cultured statically on porous PDMS membranes with defined pore features in perfusion culture modules for the cells to partly or completely seal the pores, then perfused continuously from left to right (as shown in Fig. 1C) with different flow rate (80, 160, 320 ml/h) or shear rate (1.1, 2.2, 4.4/s) for different periods of times and monitored using time-lapse video microscopy. Bar = 100 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02221.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Keratocystic odontogenic tumor with multilocular radiolucency in the central region (symphyseal and parasymphyseal) of the mandible |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3251163_fig1_121096.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Chest radiograph showing intestinal loops in the left thoracic cavity. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_35160.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Right anterior oblique of the common coronary artery and its branches. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4159801_ijms-15-13401-f002_319226.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Patient with biopsy proven prostate carcinoma (Gleason score 4 + 3 = 7). (A) T2-weighted image presenting a hypo-intense lesion of the right peripheral zone; (B) ADC map indicating restricted diffusion within the tumor; (C) Fused PET/MR image depicting pathologically increased choline uptake of the tumor. (Arrows indicate prostate carcinoma). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC1687145_F4_7887.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Taken from one of our previous publications, the figure demonstrates the rapid development of intracellular organelles on the complex matrix (panel 2), compared to the simple matrix (panel 1). Here we have shown mitochondria probed with MitoTracker. Magnification is × 500. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3843693_pone-0081857-g003_246708.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | 3-D image rendering and projection of colonic microstructure and vasculature.(A-C) Gross views of individual and merged projections of colonic crypts (gray: nuclei) and their surrounding vasculature (red: CD34). (D-F) Zoom-in examination of upper and lower parts of the crypts. In panel E, merged projection of vasculature with the orthogonal view of the crypt structure allows the interior domain of the scanned volume to be examined. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08633.jpg | What is shown in this image? | ME 4 chamber view showing Tricuspid Stenosis |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4316702_F3_355299.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | It shows the results of whole-brain analysis of fMRI BOLD activation of responses associated with the Switch and successfully stopped (Stop-inhibit) responses. Panels (A,B) show the differential activation of the Stop-inhibit and Switch responses after subtracting out activation associated with the “go” responses. Panels (C,D) show brain regions that had significantly stronger activation during the Stop-inhibit responses relative to Switch, and during the Switch relative to the Stop-inhibit responses. StGo = “go” responses in the Stop condition; SwGo = “go” responses in the Switch condition; FDR = error correction using the topological false-discovery rate. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2778463_fig1_51018.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Acute coronary syndrome with angiographically normal coronary arteries and apical ballooning of the left ventricle. (a) Twelve-lead ECG demonstrating ST-segment elevation in anterior leads; (b) normal right coronary artery; (c) normal left coronary artery; (d) contrast left ventriculography in the right anterior oblique projection at end-diastole; (e) end-systole showing apical ballooning and basal hyperkinesia. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzidp7w086u9bpq7y7v.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | Tube |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2919395_pone-0012064-g001_71018.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | VIGS of Thalictrum dioicum PHYTOENE DESATURASE ortholog TdPDS results in varying degrees of leaf photobleaching.A: Untreated T. dioicum plant. B–F: Distribution of photobleaching in TRV2-TdPDS treated plants. G: Leaflet showing signs of silencing along the vascular tissue. H: Detail of partially photobleached leaflet. I: Typical range of silencing in TRV2-TdPDS treated leaflets. Scale bar = 1 cm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3487903_F1_163541.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Brain MRI at the onset of the syndrome (1) and three weeks later (2).: Subcortical oedema at the occipital and parietal lobes bilaterally shown as hyperintense signals on FLAIR and T2 sequences, absence of lesions on T1 sequence. 1.A, 1.B (FLAIR), 1.C, 1.D (T2), 1.E, 1.F (T1), respectively. Three weeks later the subcortical oedema had been subsided from both FLAIR and T2 sequences. : 2.A, 2.B, 2.C, 2.D respectively. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2666.jpg | What is present? | Macerated Stillborn |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2855346_pone-0010159-g008_62047.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Role of PIP3 formation during reversal of polarization.Selected frames from Movies S6 just after insertion of the micropipette dispensing 300 nM UK 14'304 (0 sec, upper images) and after 5:40 min (lower images). The emission of THP-1 cells transduced with PH-PKB-mCherry (red fluorescence, 594 nm excitation/610–680 nm emission) and expressing α2AAR-YFP/CFP (yellow fluorescence YFP, 514 nm excitation/525–580 nm emission) was recorded contemporaneously. The false color shows the ratio of red/yellow (right panels). Gray, corresponding phase image. (A) control cells, (B) cell pretreated for 10 min with 100 nM Wortmannin. (514 nm excitation/525–590 nm emission), (Phase) phase images taken with DIC settings, and (Ratio) False color shows the ratio of red/yellow. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2077.jpg | Does intraductal papillomatosis show cut surface of spleen with one large infarct classical embolus from nonbacterial endocarditis on mitral valve? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4247717_Fig1_340208.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image |
Microscopic examination of the breast tumor. (A) Atypical lymphoid cells have infiltrated diffusely into the mammary glands (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification × 4). (B) Cytokeratin stain enhances mammary ducts (arrowheads) (cytokeratin AE1/AE3 immunostain, original magnification × 4). (C) The neoplastic cells have a large nucleus containing prominent nucleoli and vesicular chromatin (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification × 40). (D) The cells are positive for CD20 (CD20 immunostain, original magnification × 20). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2868022_pone-0010571-g007_63808.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Cell flow patterns during streak formation for different mechanisms.Our four models (M1)–(M4) for cell attraction and repulsion and four models of growth and induced polarization produce sixteen possible sets of combined mechanisms. (Left) Typical cell patterns at 7000 time steps beginning from Fig. 3D and (Right) Corresponding cell-flow velocity fields for each case. In the absence of proliferation, limited, local vortical motion occurs without induced polarization. However, large-scale vertical motion requires induced polarization. Chemorepulsion mechanisms (mechanism M2, ST repels AP) and (mechanism M3, S repels ST) produce the most robust streak/streak tip structures. Simulations generated using CompuCell3D. For parameters, see Supplementary Materials Table S1. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2753637_F2_47045.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Expression of E-cadherin, Slug and GSK3β proteins in invasive ductal carcinomas of breast. (A) Strong membranous E-cadherin expression in normal breast tissue (B) Loss of E-cadherin membranous localization in tumor cells. (C) Loss of Slug protein in normal breast (D) Nuclear accumulation of Slug in IDC (E) GSK3β expression in normal breast epithelium (F) IDC showing loss cytoplasmic GSK3β (G) GSK3β nuclear localization in tumor cells; and (H&I) Nuclear accumulation of Slug and loss of E-cadherin immunostaining examined on the adjacent sections of the same tumor. (A-I, original magnification × 400). Arrows show Membranous (M), Nuclear (N) and cytoplasmic (C) localization of the proteins. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3698124_pone-0067495-g002_214922.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | The optical coherent tomography (OCT) images after 2 months of injection.(A) control, (B) 20 wt % ECE hydrogel, (C) Matrigel, (D) Pluronic F127. The red lines in color photos indicate the unusual points. The retinal thickness of Matrigel and Pluronic F127 eyes were atrophic, whereas the ECE eye had a similar retinal thickness as control. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3228574_f7-ijerph-08-04332_117822.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | (a) Examination of bacteria in liver tissues of Clarias gariepinus obtained from Asa River segment; (b) Examination of Bacteria in liver tissues of Clarias gariepinus obtained from Asa Dam water. Plates showed a higher bacterial density in the liver tissues of the test fish than in the control (at magnification 400×). Arrows showed the Gram-negative bacteria (shades of red), few Gram-positive bacteria (blue-black shades) and hepatocytes (h) on the photomicrographs. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1679.jpg | Does hodgkins see other slides in file? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3934317_fig3_269359.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Evaluation of FLAIR sagittal images. Patients with NMO are shown in (a): Dawson's fingers are absent. In contrast, most MS patients (b) demonstrate elongated, flame-shaped lesions oriented along the course of deep medullary veins, compatible with perivenous inflammation. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3218013_pone-0027704-g006_116086.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Histochemical stains show some qualitative differences between PAXgene and formalin fixation.In PAXgene-fixed tissue PAS staining results in more condense staining of Goblet cells in colon. The RF, elastin stain of PFPE tissue is similar to the staining pattern in FFPE tissue. The SR, collagen stain in PFPE tissue is stronger compared to the stain in FFPE tissue. The GOM, reticulin stain is crisper in FFPE tissue. In PFPE tissue short fixation results in a stronger, crisper stain compared to longer PAXgene fixation. (PAS and GOM 400×; RF 100× and SR 200× original magnification). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_13230.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | 70-year-old man with intracystic papillary carcinoma. At presentation, transverse-axis sonogram of left breast mass demonstrated a complex mass with a solid nodular component. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1420325_F4_4951.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | The rich vascularity of the tumor was demonstrated on angiography. Lateral and anteroposterior view. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4580349_Fig4_426286.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | BIN1-Tau complexes are rarely co-localized with clathrin-coated membranes and are not co-localized with synaptic markers. a. A PLA for Tau-BIN1 (green) and clathrin staining (red) in primary neuron cultures. b. A PLA for Tau-BIN1 (green) and the pre-synaptic marker synaptophysin (red) in primary neuron cultures. c. A PLA for Tau-BIN1 (green) and the post-synaptic marker PSD95 (red) in primary neuron cultures. Upper panels: maximum intensity projection. Lower panels: a single confocal Z-stack. Mag: magnification |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2911585_fig1_70031.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | (a) B-mode ultrasound with color flow Doppler image on the longitudinal display of the carotid plaque with irregular surface. (b) The transverse display of the plaque at the carotid bifurcation. (c) 123I-IMP SPECT transaxial slices of a patient with right ICA stenosis. MR angiography ((d) submental vertical projection; (e) lateral projection) with a hypoplastic or absent anterior and posterior communicating arteries. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4259056_fig1_342640.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Colour fundus photography of the left eye shows disk edema, sheathing of the retinal vessels, retinal flame-shaped hemorrhages in all four quadrants, cotton wool spots, and dilated retinal veins. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3099229_fig2_96523.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracolumbar spine revealing an anterior and circular epidural mass of T8 (sagittal view). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3901128_cells-01-00905-f006_261236.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Shh expression in germs reconstructed with emtg-2 cells and EC (1:0.5) and MT and cultured for three days. (a) Shh expression (in-situ hybridization) was encircled with broken lines and pointed with arrows. (b) Immunohistochemistry with anti-GFP antibody localized emtg-2 cells (green) in the serial section, overlapping Shh expression. Scale bar is 100 μm and (b) is at the same magnification. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3588104_f5-ijms-14-04361_189693.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Histological observation of repaired tendon sections at 28 days after tendon repair surgery. Representative microscopic photos of HE stained sections of tendon adhesions in the control group (A), MS siRNA group (B) and ERK2 siRNA group (C) are shown. A: Adhesiontissue; T: Tendon. White arrow indicates scattered weak fiber formation surrounding the tendon (T) while black arrows indicate the dense adhesion tissue. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz7dous086u413h19fr.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Center-left |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2351.jpg | Is this good yellow color slide present? | no |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4583461_pone.0138221.g001_427103.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Clinical characteristics of the proband with non-syndromic oligodontia.(A) Clinical phenotype of the proband. (B) Panoramic radiograph of the participant. (C) Schematic presentation of congenitally missing teeth of the proband. * Position of a missing tooth;? Undetermined position of a missing tooth. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2291.jpg | Is hematologic present? | yes |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_1533.jpg | Is omphalocele present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4587436_fig1_428221.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | The CT images are taken roughly from the same level. (a) The CT scan on admission. (b) The CT image from the CT guided biopsy showing new nodules. Note that the patient is prone in this image. (c) The CT image is 9 days after admission and shows continued growth and new nodules. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2667331_F3_37086.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | The FITC-dextran–stained ear with the burned area directly postburn in a 52-fold magnification and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 minutes postburn. The coagulated, nonperfused tissue appears as a dark circle in the middle of a bright surrounding, where the plasma marker FITC-dextran leaked out of the vessels into the surrounding tissue. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3350088_fig3_137415.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Comparison of bilateral breast MRI studies performed before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. (a) Doppler flow MRI before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Yellow arrow points to the 2.7 cm irregular mass in the right breast. (b) Doppler flow MRI after neoadjuvant chemotherapy shows complete radiologic response. Yellow arrow points to area where the mass was located prior to treatment. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4568076_fig5_423068.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | (a) to (c) show that the conventional partial-Fourier diffusion-weighted images are degraded by Type 1 artifacts, particularly for data obtained with a smaller number of overscans. (d) to (f) show that Type 1 artifacts can be avoided in data obtained with the k-space energy-anchored DTI sequence and reconstructed with the conventional partial-Fourier algorithm. However, artificial signal elevation (i.e., Type 2 artifact) appears in several regions. (g) to (i) show that both Type 1 and Type 2 artifacts can be eliminated when the multischeme partial-Fourier reconstruction algorithm is used to reconstruct the data acquired with the k-space energy-anchored pulse sequence. |
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