image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_skull/train_1263.jpg | What is present? | fibrous meningioma |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3449492_F3_156873.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Axial diffusion weighted images from one neonate (A) and two children (B,C) with multifocal punctate ischemic foci without large or medium vessel stroke demonstrating diffusion restriction in multiple ASPECTS territories. Scores were 15 (A), 21 (B), and 11 (C). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2322.jpg | Is stein leventhal present? | no |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4633450_Fig4_441120.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | The effect of apelin on AVIC mineralization. Human AVICs were incubated in vehicle, PCM and PCM containing 100 pM apelin for 21 days. a A representative entire plate view of the von Kossa staining method in 24-well plates. b A representative microscopic view of von Kossa method staining at a magnification of ×400 in 24-well plates. c Calcium content was reduced by apelin (*P < 0.05 vs. PCM group) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3599708_F2_192518.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Immunofluorescence staining of hAECs cultured in medium containing SSS at passage 5. Large round cells, which expresses (A) DAZL (green); (B) ZP3 (red) and GDF9 (green). On the left side are bright field micrograph of the same cells; Blue color, DAPI nuclear staining, magnification in all x63. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3315548_pone-0034435-g004_132109.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Close appositions between axonal terminals of the Vc and GABAergic premotor neurons of the VII.BDA was injected into the Vc (a). Digital images showing the close appositions (arrows) between axonal terminals (red) of the Vc neurons and FG (green)/GAD (blue) double-labeled neuronal cell body of the premotor neurons in the parvicellular reticular formation(Fig.b). Scale bars = 250 µm in a and 10 µm in b. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_04323.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Post-reduction control radiography |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic57896.jpg | which plane is this image taken? | axial |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3970802_fig-3_277719.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | AXH domain is not involved in foci formation.A YFP construct starting at the ataxin-1 AXH domain and ending at the last ataxin-1 amino acid (AXH2End) was expressed as a YFP fusion in COS cells (A and B). These cells showed a diffused YFP fluorescence which was nuclear, as evidenced by DAPI overlay (B). YFP tagged AXH domain also failed to form foci (C and D). Upon N-terminal extension of the AXH2End construct to include further residues starting from amino acids TLND, nuclear foci formation was observed (Figs. 4E and 4F). YFP fluorescence in left panels is overlaid with DAPI in right panels. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3667362_Fig5_207859.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Clinical and radiological outcome of 25-year-old male patient three years after the operation. a, b Plain X-ray taken six months after supramalleolar osteotomy for valgus angulation (note also the hypertrophy of the fibula); c, d photo of the leg after skin healing of incisions and flaps; e X-ray taken one year after the osteotomy, showing good union; f, g photos showing weight bearing and movement of the patient at the end of the follow-up period |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3525110_F2_174006.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Extracellular amastigotes (EAs) were incubated for 1 h with (A) Vero or (B) CHO cells transfected with a GFP tagged PKD (green) and stained with phalloidin-TRITC (actin) and DAPI (cells nuclei). Arrows show EA recruiting PKD at the invasion sites. Confocal microscopy followed by Huygens Surface Rendering (www.svi.nl). Magnification bars = 4 μm (A) and 5 μm (B). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4605499_pone.0138806.g009_433335.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Perinatal specimens of Saurolophus angustirostris (MPC-D100/764).Right hindlimb and partial tail. (A) without and (B) with bone identification. Color labels in (B) indicate: caudal vertebrae (red), femur (yellow), fibula (lilac), tibia (azure blue), metatarsals (green), phalanges (white), indeterminate material or skeletal debris (black). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3022722_F1_84620.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Respiratory ungated in vivo micro-CT at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after intratracheal instillation of control vector or AdTGFβ1. (A) Lung micro-CT of mice treated with the control vector AdDL70-3. (B) Lung micro-CT of mice treated with AdTGF-β1. Only minor changes are seen in the control group, the consolidation in the fibrosis group is illustrated with pronounced micro-CT consolidation at 2 and 3 weeks. Representative images are shown. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2783068_F1_51769.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Digital subtraction angiogram with the catheter trip within the right atrium. Arrows depict fiducial coil markers. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2721614_F0001_42943.jpg | What is shown in this image? | CT scan demonstrating anterior bladder wall growth infi ltrating recti muscles |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3835584_pone-0080353-g002_245143.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Results of the voxel-based morphometric (VBM) analysis: comparison of white matter volume between the groups of subjects.A- Zones of decreased white matter volume in bvFTD patients compared to controls (p<0.05 after FWE correction for multiple comparisons). B- Zones of decreased white matter volume in PSP patients compared to controls (p<0.05 after FWE correction for multiple comparisons). C- Zones of decreased white matter volume in PSP patients compared to bvFTD patients (p<0.05 after FWE correction for multiple comparisons). Abbreviations: R: right, L: left, A: anterior, P: posterior, bvFTD: behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, PSP: progressive supranuclear palsy. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4195344_fig2_327336.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Thoracoabdominopelvic computed tomography in axial sections demonstrating scattered nodules at different parenchymal lung segments, a right parenchymal lung condensation, and minimal pleural effusion (a), multiple mediastinal enlarged lymph nodes (b), hepatosplenomegaly containing multiple nodular hypodense lesions (c), and hilar and para-aortic infracentimetric lymph nodes (d). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3860072_fig6800_251078.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Liver biopsy showing mild canalicular cholestasis and feathery degeneration |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4434906_f1_387192.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | The crystalline silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure as seen by scanning
electron microscope.(a) Front view. (b) Same as (a), top view; The direction of the ptychography
translation (black arrow) and the
scanning step are indicated. The
projected direction of propagation of the incident beam (white arrow)
together with the beam footprint (FWHM of intensity, dotted ellipse) are
shown. The gray ellipse corresponds to the beam footprint at the next
beam-to-sample position. The (
orthogonal laboratory frame is given. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic52613.jpg | what was this image taken with? | xr - plain film |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3983519_F5_280425.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | (A–D) Four independent electron micrographs from Wolbachia infected flies showing characteristic apoptotic nuclei, suggesting neuronal death results from apoptosis. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3621383_fig17_197594.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Prepatellar bursal gout. Lateral knee radiograph (a) shows dense focal prepatellar soft tissue swelling with peripheral soft tissue calcifications. Axial T2 (b) and sagittal fat saturated proton density (c) MR images demonstrate intermediate soft tissue corresponding to the prepatellar bursa with internal septations. Incidental note is made of femoral bone infarcts (thin arrow). P: patella. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_23298.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Radionuclide parathyroid imaging using technetium Tc-99m sestamibi showingslow washout in the right lower thyroid region (denoted by arrow). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3655287_F6_204777.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Collagen IV tracks connect vascular islands to nearby networks and other vascular islands. (A–C) An example of PECAM-positive endothelial cells along vascular islands (arrows) with positive collagen IV connections to nearby networks (arrowheads). (D–F) Higher magnification images of PECAM and collagen IV labeling within the area defined by the rectangle. Blind ended capillary segments still connected to a network are indicated by “c.” Lymphatic vessels are indicated by “L.” |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic52688.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | neurofibromatosis type 1 |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwybdnz8086u24pid7l7.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Lower-left, Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4631946_F7_440483.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Cardiac micro-CT imaging.
(A) Coronal micro-CT images through the left ventricle of a rat showing the heart in systole (left) and diastole (right) with and without the administration of dobutamine (10 μg/kg/min). End systolic volume is significantly decreased and stroke volume and cardiac output are both significantly increased. End diastolic volume is relatively unchanged after administration of dobutamine. (B) An axial image showing myocardial infarction in a rat using delayed hyper enhancement. The yellow arrows show the boundaries of the region of myocardial infarction. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4203718_pone-0109284-g002_329268.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Alteration of mitochondrial ultrastructure in the genioglossus of the three groups.(A and C) Transmission electron microscopy images at original magnifications of ×25,000 (A) and ×100,000 (C) in subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar mitochondria from the genioglossus muscle of rats from three groups. (B) Quantification of subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar mitochondria area in the genioglossus muscle of rats from three groups (analysis of 5 images in 3 rats per group). *: P<0.05, CIH or CIH+AD compared with control, #: P<0.05, CIH+AD compared with CIH. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyndoc4086ufugg5lny.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4348426_pone.0116080.g004_363703.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Morphological analysis of differently coated DCB.Representative photos (a-d) and ESEM-micrographs (e-l) for the examination of the surface morphology of differently coated balloon catheter in comparison to an uncoated balloon, e-h: magnification 40x, i-l: magnification 500x. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4043333_F1_293769.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Example images generated using standard functional imaging (first, third rows) and free-breathing, ungated through-time radial GRAPPA with 6 calibration frames (second, fourth rows) in both diastole (top) and systole (bottom) for three different slice positions. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2735156_F1_44617.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | The terminal portion of the SAFL™ sheath is shown in two right–angled views to demonstrate the unusual three-dimensional shape of the terminal portion of the catheter. The double offset pictured helps to direct the catheter tip posteriorly towards the CS os. The lower curve provides extra stability in the IVC. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3850302_F2_248452.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | 3-D ultrasound image after metroplasty. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3535410_Fig6_176683.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Imaging findings at 1 year after treatment. a, b X-ray and CT images show bone union with no dislocation of the osteochondral plug. Although slight displacement of the finger to ulnar side remained, the ulnar displacement of the axis improved from preoperative 14° to postoperative 8°. c MR image shows well-maintained joint space by the cartilage |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4544562_Fig3_416143.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Plain radiograph at diagnosis of pelvic chondrosarcoma (a) and at diagnosis of lumbar disc hernia 6 years postoperatively (b). Gradual progression of scoliosis is evident. T2-weighted sagittal MR images demonstrate a severe lumbar disc hernia at the level of L4/5 (c) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3562281_F7_183422.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Nuclear and cytosolic localization of HPt2 and HPt9 in C. roseus cells. Cells were transiently transformed with HPt-GFP (HPt2 (A-D); HPt9 (I-L)) or GFP-HPt (HPt2 (E-H); HPt9 (M-P)) expressing vectors in combination with the nucleocytosolic-mcherry marker (B, F, J, N). Co-localization of the two fluorescence signals is shown in the merged image (C, G, K, O). The morphology was observed by differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy (D, H, L, P). Scale bar = 10 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4415577_f3_382244.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | μsPEFs treatment induced substantial necrosis of tumor cells in
Hep3B xenografts.(a) Liver histopathology structure of nude mice in the different groups.
Magnification: 200×. (b) The representative tumor histopathology
in Hep3B xenografts. The arrows indicated variations of tumor cells in the
different groups. Magnification: 100× &
400×. (c) The representative tumor ultra-structure in Hep3B
xenografts by TEM. The arrows indicated variations of nuclear, mitochondria,
other organelles and tight junction in tumor cells from the different
groups. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4394442_ijms-16-04682-f005_377472.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Immunofluorescence double-staining of mice liver cryosections. Row A: Monoclonal antibody against FAT/CD36 (A
left, red), monoclonal antibody directed against F4/80 (A
middle, green) and merged FAT/CD36 and F4/80 (A
right); Row B: Monoclonal antibody against FAT/CD36 (B
left, red), monoclonal antibody directed against SMA (B
middle, green) and merged FAT/CD36 and SMA (B
right); Row C: Monoclonal anti-FAT/CD36 antibody (C
left, red), polyclonal antibody directed against CK19 (C, middle, green) and merged FAT/CD36 and CK19 (C
right). Nuclei staining was done with (DAPI). The insets show higher magnification. Results show the representative picture of three animals and six slides (original magnification, ×200). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1452.jpg | Does this image show thyroid, goiter? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2194710_F2_16035.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Radiological evaluation of gefitinib-related interstitial lung disease on CT scans. (a) before treatment, (b) after treatment. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4337175_fig3_360971.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Plain radiographs of the right knee show a fragment of wire migrated into the posterior compartment of the right knee (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4017716_fig1_287735.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | A 36-year-old Iranian female with incomplete Behçet's disease with history of oral ulcers (a), genital ulcers, and nongranulomatous anterior uveitis. Retinal exam was completely normal with a visual acuity of 20/16 in each eye. Fundus photos ((b) and (c)) and fluorescein angiogram ((d) and (e)) confirm the absence of retinal vasculitis and retinitis ((b)–(e)). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3159988_fig7_105805.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description |
In vivo targeting and imaging using QDs. (a) Ex vivo tissue examination of QD-labeled cancer cells trapped in a mouse lung [129]. (b) Near-infrared fluorescence of water-soluble type II QDs taken up by sentinel lymph nodes [130]. (c) In vivo simultaneous imaging of multicolor QD-encoded microbeads injected into a live mouse [131]. (d) Molecular targeting and in vivo imaging of a prostate tumor in a mouse using a QD-antibody conjugate (red) [131]. Reprinted from Gao et al. [128], with the permission of Elsevier. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4316146_F14_355247.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | a. A marked deviation of the elbow that exceeds 40 degrees after a malunion of a supracondylar fracture of the humerus b. The axis of the thoracic limb is normal at growth end and the X-ray shows the osteoplastic effect of the intervention |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3087221_F0002_94294.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | (a) Lateral radiograph of lower arm depicting that the danger of a supracondylar fracture during retrograde nailing is substantial, due to entry hole made for nail insertion. (b) X-ray of the upper arm (lateral view) depicting that locking proximally a retrograde nail could be facilitated if performed below the surgical neck of the humeral head |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3245316_ppat-1002460-g006_120062.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Mutants with defects in response to oxidative stress.Colonies formed by the wild type (PH-1) and Fg04382, Fg13318, Fg05734, and Fg08701 mutants on PDA with (upper) or without (lower) 0.05% H2O2 after incubation for 5 days. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2902411_F5_68559.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Preoperative x-ray (skyline view (60° flexion)) of both knees demonstrating subluxation of both patellae. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3595528_fig2_191227.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Perfusion, Oxygenation, and Late Gadolinium Enhancement ExamplesOxygenation, perfusion, and corresponding late gadolinium enhancement images in the 4 groups. Note the asymmetric anteroseptal hypertrophy in the HCM patient, which was associated with patchy fibrosis. Perfusion reserve (mean myocardial perfusion reserve index values ranging from 1.1 to 1.8) and oxygenation signal intensity change (ranging from 3% to 13%) were impaired. Abbreviations as in Table 1. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3807539_fig5_239238.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | MR images (left ventricle segmentation): (a) manual delineation by experts, (b) results of Graph Cut method, (c) results of traditional ACM, (d) results of interactive Tseng method, and (e) results of proposed implementation. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4370394_pone.0121165.g007_370621.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | α1B-Adrenergic receptor-Rab 7 interaction.Images of cells coexpressing α1B-adrenergic receptors tagged with the DsRed fluorescent protein (α1B-AR) and Rab 7 tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Scale bars: 15 μm. Other indications as in Fig. 1. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_0371.jpg | When are the majority of tissue macrophages derived from hematopoietic precursors? | during inflammatory reactions |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4315594_pone.0115896.g006_355227.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Imaging data of No. 16 patient with obstructed inferior vena cava (ICV).(A1) IVC tumor thrombus filled IVC before neo-adjuvant therapy. (A2) After 148 days of neo-adjuvant therapy, IVC thrombus was shortened and fibrotic. (B1) IVC thrombus reached right atrium before neo-adjuvant therapy. (B2) After 148 days of neoadjuvant therapy, IVC thrombus was shortened. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3935229_F7_269549.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Sympistis forbesi IA: Boone Co., Little Blue Stem Prairie, May 2011 on Triosteum perfoliatum
34 three larvae secreted in a leaf axil; note frass accumulation 35 larvae on new spring leaves; note two larvae on new leaf bundle and one on foreground leaf 36 last instar on a flower of Triosteum perfoliatum, matching the color of the flower and petioles. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4156180_f1-ol-08-04-1807_318172.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Coronal contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scan showing a thickening of the soft tissue, which was identified by a high intensity signal in the subgaleal tissue of the left frontoparietal area, and in the dural and cavernous sinuses. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3631174_pone-0062036-g003_199992.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Electron micrographs of chloroplasts in newly expanded leaves of Shanyou 63 (a, low-N supply; b, intermediate.-N supply; c, high-N supply) and Yangdao 6 (d, low-N supply; e, intermediate.-N supply; f, high-N supply).Bar = 1 µm. C, chloroplasts; M, mitochondrion; N, nucleus; SG, starch granules; CW, cell wall; arrows point to plasma membrane. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2908739_fig4_69647.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Investigation of the membrane targeting kinetics of GTPases that are substrates of different prenylation pathways following mevastatin wash-out. AtT20 cells were transiently transfected with plasmids allowing the expression of the indicated EGFP-fusion protein and incubated overnight with 5 μM mevastatin. The intracellular localization of the heterologously expressed protein was observed using confocal fluorescence microscopy at the indicated time-points following mevastatin wash-out. Bars = 10 μm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3617001_F2_196757.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | GUS expression patterns directed by the tCUP1 promoter in transgenic rice. A. Binary vector for tCUP1 promoter analysis which was fused with the GUS reporter gene and also controlled the HPT gene used for selection. B. The tCUP1 controlled GUS gene was expressed in transformed callus (c) and various organs of T1 transgenic rice including the root tip (a), leaf (d) and anther (e), but was absent in lateral roots (b) and the ovary (f). Bar=0.5 mm in (a) and (b), 1 mm in (c), (d), (e) and (f). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3090656_fig3_94892.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Anteroposterior (a) and lateral (b) radiographs of right forearm two weeks after exploration. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4566980_F1_422807.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Veinal chlorosis induced by protein βC1 of RaLCB in N. benthamiana. (A–D) The plant phenotype following inoculation with the respective combinations as indicated above each photograph at 28 dpi. (E–H) Close-up view of symptomatic upper leaves of the same plants. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2581723_fig2_29925.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Typical
retrograde urethrogram appearance of adult stricture after hypospadias
repair showing a long stricture sparing only the bulbar urethra. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05018.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Panoramic radiograph showing bilateral growth of the lesion in the body, ramus, and coronoid process of mandible, atypical eruptions of the lower third molar, and resorption of the distal root of the left lower first molar (Gomes et al. [6]). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_42636.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | A 57-year-old female patient with scleroderma. Anteroposterior view highlights the presence of pooling contrast agent in the valleculae and pyriform sinuses due to altered motility. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4322642_F4_356942.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Vasovagal syncope: Associations with brain structure (Beacher et al., 2009). (A) Significant group differences in medulla and midbrain volumes between healthy people with and without history of fainting, with reduced volume associated with vasovagal syncope. (B) Correlation of volume within left caudate nucleus in people with history of fainting. Reduced gray matter volume in contiguous regions correlated with increased anxiety score (red), increased fainting frequency (yellow) and increased high frequency heart rate variability (HF-heart rateV) (green). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_48800.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Ultrasonography revealing the peripheral choroidal detachment to become worsened after the first operation. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4440782_pone.0127300.g003_388809.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | ISC marker expression in normal antrum, IM, and gastric adenoma.Representative H&E staining and in situ hybridization in IM and gastric adenoma with low grade dysplasia. LGR5
+ cells in normal antrum are devoid of ISC marker expression (A), whereas those in I-type IM located at the base of glands coexpress ASCL2, EPHB2, and OLFM4 (B). Relative increase of LGR5
+ cell population with ISC marker expression (C) in gastric adenoma. Magnification: A (except H & E staining) ×100, B ×400; C ×200. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic60855.jpg | what plane was used? | axial |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4082316_F5_303558.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Expression of Lef1, Lhx2, Lmo3, and Lmo4 in mouse embryonic telencephalon at prenatal or neonatal ages. Digital images of coronal sections of prenatal or neonatal mouse telencephalon (E17.5, E18.5, or P0), at intermediate (A,B,F) or caudal (C–E″,G) levels, hybridized for Lef1, Lhx2, Lmo3, or Lmo4. For abbreviations see list. Scale bar: (A) = 200 μm (applies to A–D,F,G). (E) = 1 mm (applies to E–E″). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4361687_pone.0119589.g001_368140.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Frankfurt reorientation of the original CT DICOM data.After identifying the orbitale and porions on the 3D volume rendered skulls (black arrows, Fig. 1A and 1B), the Multiplanar Reconstruction function was used at 1mm slick thickness to identify the axial oriented slice that included the three defining points (white arrow) of the Frankfurt plane (Fig. 1C, scale bar = 3cm). The Multiplanar Reconstruction tool (not shown) can be used to identify any desired plane according to 3D landmarks using this function. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1633.jpg | What is present ? | gastrointestinal |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic15872.jpg | what imaging modality is used to acquire this picture? | xr - plain film |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00281.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Computed tomography (CT) guided needle biopsy of the left upper lobe lesion. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2629461_F2_32969.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Abdominal radiograph showing osteoblastic changes of spine, pelvic and femoral bones (arrows). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03343.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Figure 1 shows frontal plane fluoroscopy with retractors through the right anterolateral thoracotomy, transesophageal echocardiographic probe (TEE) guides placement of atrial and ventricular (RV) screw-in leads. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4676866_Fig13_453056.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. |
a-d Segmental tibia fracture (a-b) treated with intramedullary nailing with two distal and three proximal interlocking screws. Follow-up radiographs (c-d) demonstrate uneventful healing |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3280110_pone-0031179-g004_125772.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Axial reconstructed micro-CT images.Micro-CT of the liver of a C57BL/6J mouse was performed 3 hours after injection of a nanoparticular contrast agent (ExiTron nano). The color-coding of the single liver lobes corrsponds to the color coding presented in Figure 1. The orientation of the axial slices in relation to the spine is shown in the lower right corner. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_0189.jpg | What does the biopsy show? | suppression of myeloid and erythroid cells and replacement of haematopoetic elements by fat in aplastic anaemia |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4082292_F8_303524.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | HEK-293 T cells were transfected with different Y-P30-GFP constructs and co-cultured with cortical primary neurons. Of the constructs tested, SP-Y-P30-GFP has been shown in Figure
2 to deliver a protein detectable in the culture supernatant. However, the peptide is not taken up into neurons. White arrows point to MAP-2 immunoreactive neurons (blue in the merged picture), purple arrows to transfected HEK-293 T cells (green or red + green in the merged pictures). Scale bar is 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4256384_pone-0113893-g003_341838.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Expression of M4 differentiation markers in zag-1(hd16) mutants.Fluorescence (left) and DIC (right) micrographs of transgenic L1-L2 animals bearing ceh-28::gfp (A), dbl-1::gfp (B), egl-17::gfp (C), flp-2::gfp (D), flp-5::gfp (E), ser-7b::gfp (F), flp-21::gfp (G), unc-17::gfp (H) in a zag-1(+) or zag-1(hd16) mutants. The position of M4 is marked (arrowheads). Asterisk indicates flp-2::gfp expression in the MC neuron (D). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4625444_Fig1_438664.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Spectral domain OCT scans before treatment (a), one week after treatment (b) and two weeks after treatment (c). OCT before treatment shows vitreo-macular traction with distortion of the foveal contour and cystoid changes within the retina (a); OCT shows changes of retina with persistence of vitreo-macular traction one week after treatment (b); OCT shows release of vitreo-macular with a small cystic alteration two weeks after treatment (c) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3651210_pone-0063151-g002_203836.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Regions with GM changes showing positive and negative correlations between functional connectivity and shyness without other anxiety correction.Shyness scores are significantly correlated with functional connectivity in left cerebellum (A), right insula (B), bilateral superior temporal gyri (C&D), and bilateral parahippocampal gyri (E & F) seeds. Images are presented in radiological orientation. Hot and cold colors indicate brain regions with significant positive (hot) and negative (cold) correlations with shyness. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3384250_F5_142894.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | AFM topography images of SH-SY5Y cells. A) control cells without MNPs, B) cells incubated with 25 µgmL-1 MNP-PEI and C) MNP-PEI-PEG over 1) 1 h, 2) 4 h, 3) 24 h and 4) 72 h. Cells were fixed after incubation and AFM imaging was performed in air using a RTESPA tip of spring constant 40 N/m, carrying out 896 scans/line at a scan rate of 0.32 Hz and 1.102 V amplitude. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_62319.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Coronal MIP image demonstrating a dilated and tortuous splenorenal shunt (arrowheads) communicating between the splenic vein (interrupted arrow) and the left renal vein (asterisk) |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_62623.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image of the facial area showing an invasive tumor occupying her right infratemporal fossa and maxillary sinus with irregular boundaries, heterogeneous intermediary signal at T1 weight, with sphenoidal, ethmoidonasal, nasopharyngeal extension |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3774713_pone-0073571-g010_231728.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Effect of PUFAs on junctional localization of TJ proteins by immunofluorescence.Cells were pre-incubated with PUFAs or without (37°C group and 43°C group) for 96 h with heat exposure for 1 h, and cultured for 24 hours. Results were reported from 3 independent experiments. Magnification was 400×. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2762183_F0001_48011.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | (a) Anteroposterior view of the elbow showing the fracture (white arrow) which is easily missed in emergency room. (b) True lateral view of elbow showing double arc sign. (c) 3D CT scan showing the involvement of entire trochlea. (d) Axial section of CT scan showing the measurements of the fragments. (e) Lateral X-ray of the elbow showing fixation with 4 mm cancellous screws |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2783127_F3_51860.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Conventional angiography with right cervical ICA injection confirms a spiral dissection with high-grade stenosis of the true lumen. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4594037_f4_429915.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | PLD1 colocalizes with p-ERK1/2 and RSK2 on vesicular structures.2 DIV WT cortical neurons were transfected with PLD1-GFP (A) or PLD1-GFP and HA-RSK2 and 24 hours later, treated for 15 minutes with 100 ng/mL BDNF. After fixation, cells were stained with anti-phospho-ERK1/2 and/or with anti-HA antibodies. Selected regions of interest revealed partial colocalization of PLD1-GFP with phospho-ERK1/2 (A) and of PLD1-GFP with HA-RSK2, and with phospho-ERK1/2 (B). Similar observations were obtained from two independent cultures. Bars = 25 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3762212_fig3s1_229009.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | The readily-releasable pool is solely constituted of docked vesicles.Representative micrographs showing neuromuscular junctions from C. elegans acetylcholine motor neurons, expressing ChIEF channelrhodopsin, unstimulated (A), stimulated in the absence of trans-retinal (B), 50 ms after stimulation (C), 100 ms after stimulation (D), 300 ms after stimulation (E), 1 s after stimulation (F), 3 s after stimulation (G), and 10 s after stimulation (H). Docked vesicles are marked with black arrows, and tethered vesicles are indicated by white arrows. Note that the number of docked vesicles recovers with rest. DP, dense projection.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00723.009 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4058058_F1_298210.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | MRI in patient with PRES: Typical hyperintense spots at cortical-subcortical level in T2-weighted |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic27049.jpg | in what plane is this mri? | axial |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4656255_Fig3_446947.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | A 66-year-old man without neck node metastasis arising from the tongue (pT2N0). a CT of PET/CT shows two swollen lymph nodes 10 and 9 mm in longest diameter at left level IIa (arrows), suggesting the absence of nodal cancer spread. b FDG-PET/CT shows moderate FDG uptake (SUVmax:3.71 and 3.56) corresponding to the two left level IIa nodes seen in a (arrows). Examination of the histopathological specimen confirmed no lymph node metastasis. CT gave true-negative result. FDG-PET/CT using SUVmax cut-off (3.5) gave false-positive result, whereas FDG-PET/CT using modified SUVmax cut-off (4.0) gave true-negative result |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2982.jpg | Is cardiovascular present? | yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3380941_f3_142392.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Cerebral and orbital MRI images. A: Family A, Patient IV:5. B: Family B, affected daughter. Orbital hypoplasia. Coronal images, T2-weighted. Agenesis of the eye globes. Rudimentary extraocular muscles. Present and normal lacrimal glands. C: Axial image. T1-weighted. Family A, patient IV:5. Absent frontal sinus. D: Axial image. T2-weighted. Family B, affected daughter. Corticosubcortical atrophy, predominantly in the frontotemporal lobes, with ex vacuo dilation of the ventricles. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3991542_f5-etm-07-05-1123_282332.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images of the (A) Dacron test group at day 60 (magnification, ×1,000), (B) PTFE test group at day 60 (magnification, ×1,000), (C) Dacron test group at day 60 (magnification, ×2,000) and (D) PTFE test group at day 60 (magnification, ×1,500). PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvh90pc074yf2uta27t.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4487997_pone.0131017.g001_401466.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details |
99mTc-TRODAT-1 with single photon emission computed tomographic images of a control subject (A) in comparison with an age matched alcohol-dependent patient (B) in transverse slices at the level of striatum, and the corresponding MRI for the control subject (C).Regions of interest shows are for caudate and putamen (A and C), and for occipital lobe which is the reference region (D). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2730.jpg | Does granulomata slide show heart slice, acute posterior myocardial infarction in patient with hypertension? | no |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic35229.jpg | what image plane is this? | lateral |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4427623_Fig2_385158.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Co-localization of dually phosphorylated MAPKs at Thr/Tyr and β-tubulin in interphase cells and during successive stages of mitosis in L. esculentum. a–d Immunodetection of dually phosphorylated MAPKs, a’–d’ immunodetection of β-tubulin, a”–d” DAPI staining, b’’’–d’’’ scatter plots of representative images. R depicts mean values of Pearson’s correlation coefficient above a threshold, n indicates number of analyzed mitotic figures. Bar 10 µm |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3554681_pone-0055079-g001_181321.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Representative images of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).ARMD is a clinical spectrum that begins with accumulation of yellowish deposits (yellow arrow) underneath the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) called drusen (A), which are hallmarks of non-neovascular ARMD. In some patients, this may progress to advanced disease with subretinal hemorrhage (white arrow) from choroidal neovascularization in neovascular ARMD (B). Optical coherence tomography (C–D) is an imaging modality frequently used to distinguish the two entities. Smooth dome-shaped elevations of the RPE (yellow arrowhead) typically correspond to drusen seen on clinical examination in non-neovascular ARMD (C). When subretinal fluid accumulates beneath the neurosensory retina (white arrowhead), this is indicative of conversion to neovascular ARMD (D). |
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