image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/sfolder_3/PMC4259078_fig1_342649.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Abdominal computed tomography (CT). CT of the abdomen shows ascites. Liver, pancreas, spleen, and kidneys look normal. Thickened wall of sigmoid and ascending colon, cecum, and a significant part of the ileum, inflammatory changes. Numerous, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4625559_Fig2_438722.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Radiographic evaluation. a at the extration date - preoperative view; (b) defect after the extraction; (c) grafted area with MinerOss and Mem-Lock membrane at 120 days post-operative |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_arm/train_1948.jpg | Does this image show hands one with simian crease? | yes |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2575603_F1_29635.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC). (a) and (b) AD-MSC treated with osteogenic media for three weeks stained with Alizarin red. Red staining marks mineralised matrix produced by osteoblasts. A at × 4 magnification; (b) at × 105 magnification. (c) High density cultures showed formation of a chondrogenic phenotype when cultured in micromass; pink extracellular matrix staining marks proteoglycans stained with toluidine blue × 95. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3094318_F4_95217.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Occurrence of multipolar mitoses in normal esophageal epithelial cells and esophageal cancer cells. The figure provides representative pictures of HE stainings as well as Aurora-A and pericentrin indirect immunofluorescence analyses of EPC-hTERT, OE21, Kyse-410, OE33 and OE19 cell lines. Aurora-A staining (green) and pericentrin staining (green), each with counterstaining of DNA by DAPI (blue). Bar = 20 μm, all panels are in the same magnification. Note that the mitotic index and occurrence of multipolar mitoses were quantified according to Aurora-A indirect immunofluorescence of three independent experiments, with multipolar mitoses (arrows) most frequently observed in OE33 and OE21 cells (see Table 2 for quantification). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4246490_Fig3_339734.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. |
Later phase fluorescein angiogram shows delayed filling of inferonasal retinal arterioles in the left eye.
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ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzldpb0086ufwar5ejs.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3505693_F5_168377.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Panoramic radiograph of a KCOT occupying the right maxillary sinus, between the right second incisor and the second molar teeth. The border of the lesion is not readily apparent
especially in the upper part. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2672009_f2-ijms-10-00906_37646.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Intracellular distribution of Hap46/BAG-1M and Hap50/BAG-1L. (A and B) HeLa cells were transfected with a construct in which the sequence encoding Hap46/BAG-1M was coupled to that for the green fluorescent protein GFP. In A, cells were maintained at 37°C, in B they were exposed to a 42°C treatment for 2 h. Analysis was by fluorescence microscopy. From ref. [13]. (C) HeLa cells, similarly transfected with a construct coding for Hap50/BAG-1L coupled to GFP, were maintained at 37°C. In contrast to A and B, the cell body and the contours are practically invisible due to the very strong fluorescence originating from the nucleus. From ref. [14]. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4582104_DMM019984F4_426726.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Histological analysis of the single- and two-hit models. Representative H&E and MSB sections (100× original magnification; scale bars: 600 μm) are shown for each experimental group as annotated. Saline (Sal) and Saline+MHV-68 lungs show normal morphology (A,B); (C) typical examples of the fibrotic lesions with evidence of collagen deposition observed in the Bleo group. These are greatly reduced in Bleo+SB525334 lungs (D); Bleo+MHV-68 lungs show extensive fibrotic lesions with collagen deposition and dense inflammatory cell aggregates that appear less frequent and more dispersed in Bleo+MHV-68+SB525334 lungs (E,F, boxed area is 200× magnification; scale bars: =300 μm). FB, fibrosis; COL, collagen; IA, inflammatory cell aggregates. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic53569.jpg | in which plane is the ct scan displayed? | axial |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_64841.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Blood flow was restored after percutaneous coronary intervention of the LAD coronary artery (arrow). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_11343.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Barium Enema demonstrating: A – Distal duodenum; B – Apple core lesion in sigmoid colon with fistulating tract into duodenum (A); C – Distal Sigmoid colon; D – Proximal Sigmoid colon. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3548740_F2_179901.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Subcellular localization of Sl-ERFs. ERF.B.1, ERF.D.1, ERF.E.1 and ERF.H.1 proteins were fused to the YFP (Yellow Fluorescent Protein) in the N-terminal region and the chimerical proteins were transiently expressed in BY-2 tobacco protoplasts under the control of the 35S promoter. Subcellular localization was then analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The merged pictures of the yellow fluorescence channel (middle panels) and the corresponding bright field (left panels) are shown (right panels). Control cells expressing YFP alone are shown in the top panel. The scale bar indicates 10 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qv1fbf08324esc07fh.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Polyp |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3037058_f7-ijerph-08-00021_86737.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Histopathological examination of ileum tissue of mice infected orally with 2.2 × 107 CFU of copper-stressed Salmonella Typhimurium at (a,b) 48 h, (c,d) 72 h and (e,f) 96 h post infection. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_76443.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Panoramic radiograph shows diffuse radiolucency at the No. 34, 35, 36 regions (arrow). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic61127.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | pilocytic astrocytoma |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4561998_Fig1_421573.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented |
a, b MRI showing the third recurrence of a parasagittal meningioma with two prominent noduli involving the skin; c, d the intradural tumor part shows bright 5-ALA fluorescence; e, f the skin involving tumor noduli also show bright 5-ALA fluorescence 210 × 111 mm (72 × 72 DPI) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3297506_F3_128844.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Lumina of air bubble going down thorax in previous patient as in Figure 1. This series of CT scans shows landmarks for distance down esophagus. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3837555_F7_245645.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Segmentations produced by manual segmentation, majority voting, joint label fusion with one imaging modality (JLF-Mod1), and joint label fusion with two imaging modalities (JLF-Mod2). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic55786.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | silent sinus syndrome |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3603611_fig7_193367.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | The microscopic image of the time-dependent effect of oral morphine consumption in the experimental (E) groups and the control (C) groups in the 14-day-old placenta with 40x magnification, (a) illustrating the thicknesses of both maternal and fetal portions of the placenta by the double-headed arrow. (b) The microscopic image of the experimental group and the control group in the 14-day-old placenta with 40x magnification, illustrating the placental cells. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4363195_Fig4_368443.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. |
Imiquimod enhanced the osteo-differentiation ability of UCMSCs but had no influence on adipocyte and chondrocyte differentiation. A: Osteoblasts differentiation, B: chondrocyte differentiation, C: adipocyte differentiation. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_endocrine/train_1493.jpg | Does this image show fixed tissue cut surface close-up view rather good apparently non-functional? | yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q31egj08320u98dp6e.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3705207_f0010_216492.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Structural abnormalities associated with stimulant exposure and familial risk. Blue voxels indicate a decrease and red voxels indicate an increase in gray matter volume compared with control volunteers. Both recreational and dependent stimulant users showed significant increase in the parahippocampal gyrus compared with healthy control volunteers but differed with regard to abnormalities in the orbitofrontal cortex. Recreational users did not show any of the changes in brain regions associated with familial risk such as increased volume of amygdala and putamen and decreased volume in posterior insula. L, left; R, right. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2268845_f4_19295.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Mesenchymal phenotype of MC-L by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy. LSCM pictures of MC-L show positivity (green fluorescence) for vimentin (20X), CD90 (20X), and CD29 (20X) and negativity for CD11c (40X), CD11a (40X), CD45 (40X), CD34 (20X), and CD25 (20X). The nuclei are counterstained with propidium iodide (red). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4273472_fig1_345917.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Retinography made by RetCam of the posterior pole of the left eye of an abused child. Note the extensive subinternal limiting membrane hemorrhage. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4353793_f2-etm-09-04-1389_365464.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | (A) Sheets of inflammatory infiltrates composed of neutrophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes and histiocytes in the dermis (hematoxylin and eosin; magnification, ×40). (B) Rosai-Dorfman cells showing cytophagocytosis of the lymphocytes and plasma cells (hematoxylin and eosin; magnification, ×400). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3329507_pone-0033680-g003_134418.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Binding and uptake of lectins in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells.Confocal microscopy S2 cells incubated with different lectins: S2 cells were incubated with 0.7 µM FITC-lectin for 1 h. (A) RSA- FITC (B) GNA-FITC (C) WGA-FITC and (D) PNA-FITC. Scale bars are 2.5 µM. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qu1fa70832665tgrdw.jpg | What type of polyp is present? | Paris is |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_2644.jpg | What is present ? | Cephalothoracopagus Janiceps |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC1793994_F6_9259.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Differential colocalization of GFP- and DsRed-tagged EHD proteins co-expressed in HeLa cells. HeLa cells were co-transfected with C-terminal GFP- (green) and DsRed-tagged (red) EHD proteins for 24 h, fixed, mounted and scanned by a confocal microscope equipped with a 100× objective lens. Colocalization is indicated when similar shaped structures appear yellow in the Merge (arrowheads). (A) EHD1-GFP, (B) EHD2-GFP, (C) EHD3-GFP, (D) EHD4-GFP co-transfected with each EHD-DsRed construct. Bar, 10 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4700626_Fig1_459135.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Representative images of pathologic slices from fine-needle aspiration of the occipital lymph node (original magnification, ×40). a Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stained section shows diffused tumor cells displaying characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. b Immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization of the occipital lymph node shows the expression of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs) in tumor cells |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3046240_pone-0017385-g002_88558.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Myelin sheath immunostaining in different group.MPP immunostaining of pancreatic cancer tissue in the euglycemia group (A, B, arrowhead) and hyperglycemia group (C, D, arrowhead). The left panel shows an original magnification of 100×, and the right panel an original magnification of 400×. The frequency of moderate to strong MPP staining of nerves was significantly lower in the hyperglycemia group than in the euglycemia group. Figure arrowheads indicate the immunostainings. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3274056_f3-sensors-11-02077_124707.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Internalization of GLUT4-QD complex in L6 cell. (A) Cross section of the same slice in a L6 cell at different times during internalization. The cross-section images of different layers in the L6 cell and three dimensional reconstruction of GLUT4-QD at the beginning (B) and 20 min later (C) show the change of the three-dimensional distribution of the GLUT4-QDs in the live L6 cell. The imaging parameters were identical across the different panels. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3251038_F4_121088.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | PS-annexin V imaging (North American Scientific 2020 - Phase II-III - Clinical Trial - Antwerp 2003). A patient with a left para-hilar NSCLC (large black arrow) who presented with a bone metastasis in the right upper humerus (fine black arrow) on bone scan and 18FDG PET. 99mTc-HYNIC-annexin V imaging showed tracer uptake in the primary tumour (large white arrow) and the bone metastasis (fine white arrow) as soon as 24 h after the first course of chemotherapy. i.v., intravenous injection (dashed arrow). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_26983.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Her last radiography. It looks like fracture union. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3621383_fig18_197596.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Intratendinous tophaceous gout on MRI. Sagittal T1 (a), sagittal T2 (b), and T1 postcontrast (c) MR images of the knee show abnormal, enhancing soft tissue gout deposit infiltrating the distal patellar tendon (asterisk) and extending across the facial planes to involve the adjacent Hoffa's fat pad (arrow head) and pretibial subcutaneous tissue (long arrow). T: tibia. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1453.jpg | Is retroperitoneal liposarcoma present? | no |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pv1e4z08320vbv6jzb.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3565308_f2-ijms-14-01080_183980.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Fluorescence images of HeLa cells stained with FSNP-SD. (A) The cells stained with various concentrations of FSNP-SD (a) 20; (b) 40 and (c) 60 μg/mL for 4 h; (B) Duration of intracellular fluorescence after 40 μg/mL FSNP-SD treatment: (d) 1 day; (e) 3 days and (f) 5 days. 10 μg/mL is equal to 1 μmol/L luminogens. Scale bar = 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4149541_pone-0106236-g003_316731.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Microscopic observation of the Agrho2* mutant strain.A) Phase contrast images taken from a time-lapse movie showing two defective, tip-branching events. Time-points in minutes are indicated in the lower right corner of each image. Scale bar, 10 µm. B) Actin stained with rhodamine-phalloidin in two Agrho2* hyphae. The scale bar represents 5 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3206951_pone-0027311-g001_114042.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Localization of RpkA-GFP.RpkA-GFP expressing AX2 cells fixed with methanol were labeled with monoclonal mouse antibodies against subunit A of the vacuolar H+-ATPase, VatA (mAb 221-35-2), the putative copper transporter p80 (mAb H161), the common lysosomal antigen CLA (mAb 221-450-6) and the post-lysosomal marker vacuolin (mAb 263-79-2). As secondary antibody a goat-anti-mouse-IgG conjugated with Alexa 568 was used. Presence of RpkA-GFP in living AX2 cells on acidic compartments was identified by LysoTracker-Red. RpkA-GFP expressing cells were incubated for 15 min with TRITC-labeled S. cerevisiae and fixed with methanol. rpkA− cells expressing VatM-GFP and RpkA-RFP. Images were collected using the LSM confocal laser scanning microscope. Scale bar, 5 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4013083_F1_286588.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Radiological findings of the patient. A, Chest High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed bilateral diffuse airspace opacification when the patient was hospitalized; B, Chest HRCT, taken on the fourth hospital day, demonstrated the worsening of diffused ground-glass opacification. C, the HRCT findings of the patient, who was treated with high dose of methylprednisolone for 5 d, showed diffuse ground-glass attenuation. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glhs4hv071ubw6ad94k.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4222059_F1_333292.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Computed tomography scan of esophageal duplication cysts. (A) Transverse and (B) sagittal views of the large-sized cyst; and (C) transverse view of the small-sized cyst (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4356427_f2-ol-09-04-1667_366616.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Case two: Representative images from radiography and chest CT revealing the presence of a mass in the upper lobe of the left lung and enlarged lymph nodes. (A) Radiograph prior to treatment. (B) Representative CT image prior to treatment. (C) Radiograph after one cycle of first-line chemotherapy treatment. CT, computed tomography. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4438921_f1-mmr-12-01-0165_388302.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Identification of SLC properties in U87 glioblastoma tumor spheres. Expression of SLC markers (A) CD133 (green) and (B) nestin (red) was determined using immunocytochemistry. (C) Hoechst 33342 (blue) was used to stain the nuclei of U87 cells. (D) Merged image of SLC marker and Hoechst 33342 fluorescence staining (Scale bar, 200 μm). SLC, stem-like cell. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_40583.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Chest X-ray showing an approximately 50% right-sided spontaneous pneumothorax |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2615445_F1_32345.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Brain computed tomography scan of the patient on presentation. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1633.jpg | Is gastrointestinal present? | yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3492340_pone-0048088-g004_164624.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | MP-RAGE images obtained at 7 T, with an isotropic resolution of 0.6 mm.(A) without motion correction; (B) with motion correction. The subject tried to remain as still as possible in both cases. Motion plots from (A) and (B) are shown in (C) and (D), respectively. All slices from (A) and (B) can be seen in the supporting information (Video S2 and S3, respectively). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2408572_F1_23466.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Images of a right superior pulmonary vein stenosis (Reproduced with permission from ref. [14]): (a) Angiographic view of the high grade stenosis (arrow). (b) Balloon dilatation (arrow). (c) Result after dilatation and stenting. (d) Pre-interventional computed tomographic scanning of the stenosis (arrow), including infiltration in the dependent lung lobe (arrow). (e) Three-dimensional magnetic resonance reconstruction of the stenosis (arrow). (f) Lung scan showing perfusion deficit in the right upper field (arrow). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3866812_fig2_252607.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | CT abdomen/pelvis with IV contrast and delayed phase demonstrating a left kidney with parenchyma replaced with multiple large hypodense collections containing fluid and gas, a left staghorn calculus, and a communication between the kidney and large flank collection. Additionally, a 13.5 × 7.7 cm multiloculated pelvic mass was noted. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4190409_pone-0109797-g004_326415.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. |
Ixeridium calcicola.A. Habit. B. Radical leaf, ventral view. C. Radical leaf, dorsal view. D. Capitulum. E. Involucre. F. Inner phyllaries. G. Pappus. I. Achene with pappus. Scale bars, 5 cm for A, 5 mm for B–G, 1 mm for H. All photos from Shih-Wen Chung 11693 (HAST, TAIF, TNS). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4175749_fig14_322599.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Sternum fracture in two different patients. Axial MDCT (bone window) in patient one (a) shows a complete sternum fracture at the level of the body, without displacement of the fragments (arrow). Axial MDCT (b) and sagittal reconstruction in bone window (c) in a second patient show a displaced sternal body fracture (arrows). A small retrosternal hematoma is also seen (b). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3537538_F6_176978.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Tissue analysis of stems in irx9 transformant lines. (A1-D1) Immunodetection of xylan in transverse stem sections with the LM10 anti-xylan monoclonal antibody (A2-D2) Lignin deposition in the secondary walls was stained with Phloroglucinol-HCl. (A3-D3) Same as A2-D2, at higher magnification; arrows point to some of the irregular xylem cells. Scale bars for all panels: 100 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4243941_Fig2_339026.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you |
Dynamic changes on computed tomography scans for human adenovirus type 55 pneumonia in patient 3. Chest computed tomography scans taken on day 1 show a nodular shadow in the right upper lobe. The nodular shadow expanded dramatically within 3 days and was surrounded by ground-glass opacity on day 4. The lesion was diffuse in both lung fields on day 8. A cavity was observed on day 23, and the mediastinum window shows the formation of pulmonary abscess in the upper right lobe (red arrow). The lung abscess tested negative for Legionella, Staphylococcus and tuberculosis. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4487934_fig2_401449.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Localization of interneuron in the mouse PFC. Representative light micrograph showing laminar distribution of PV (a), CB (b), and CR (c) neurons in the PL. (a) PV neurons are located in L2/3 and L5/6. (b) CB neurons are mainly located in L2/3 and L5/6. The principal neurons in L2 are weakly immunopositive to CB. (c) CR neurons are mainly located in L2/3. (A)–(C) Higher magnification images of interneurons in the PL. Scale bars = 200 μm in (c) (applies to (a)–(c)); 50 μm in (C) (applies to (A)–(C)). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3948522_Fig3_272859.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | a AP forearm radiograph after surgical fixation and pinning of the DRUJ. b Lateral forearm radiograph after surgical fixation and pinning of the DRUJ |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3650042_pone-0062703-g004_203717.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | T2*-weighted MR images before (baseline), 2 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after the injection of labeled MSC.The ischemic kidneys showed distinct decreased SI (arrows) in cortex after injection indicating localization of iron-labeled MSC. The SI reduction was more significant in HP-MSC group than in NP-MSC group at the corresponding time point. In the NP- MSC treatment group SI decrease was attenuated after 2 hours and returned to normal at 72 hours, while the SI reduction in the HMP-MSC treatment group persisted 72 hours after injection. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1py1e9j0832eo7z5beh.jpg | Have all polyps been removed? | No |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_75633.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Axial contrast-enhanced CT scan: Delineation of vessels (black arrows and arrowheads) is apparent on enhanced images. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4119385_fig02_310950.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Assessment of cardiac tissue damage and function after experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Representative Gomori-stained sections of the hearts (A) and histomorphometric quantifications (B) of Control, fast degradable hydrogel slow degradable hydrogel (FDH SDH), Met-CCL5-FDH, CXCL12 (S4V)-SDH and Met-CCL5-FDH CXCL12 (S4V)-SDH-treated mice (n = 6–9 per group), 4 weeks after MI. Echocardiographic measurements of ejection fraction (EF; C) of Control, FDH SDH, Met-CCL5-FDH, CXCL12 (S4V)-FDH and Met-CCL5-FDH+CXCL12 (S4V)-FDH-treated mice (n = 6–9 per group), 4 weeks after MI. Depicted P values are based on anova. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4459854_fig02_394528.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of mitochondrial localization of iNOS in P5 and MDR1-positive P1(0.5) cells. Representative confocal immunofluorescence images of (A) P5 and (C) MDR1-positive P1(0.5) cells grown on glass coverslips, incubated with 100 nmol/l of MitoTracker red CMXRos to label mitochondria (red), fixed and immunostained for iNOS expression (green). Note the colocalization between the two fluorescent signals (yellow) indicating the mitochondrial localization of the iNOS. (B and D) Qualitative assessment of the colocalized points (white) obtained by using Image J colocalization Plugin Software (NIH). The images are representative of at least three separate experiments with similar results. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwywdojw086u4ihwbr3l.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 1 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3414458_pone-0042924-g003_148835.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Chloroplast structure in the mda1 mutants.(A, D, G) Confocal micrographs showing chlorophyll autofluorescence in mesophyll cells of Col-0 (A), mda1-1 (D) and mda1-2 (G) third-node leaves. (B, C, E, F, H and I). Transmission electron micrographs of chloroplasts of a Col-0 (B), mda1-1 (E) and mda1-2 (H) mesophyll cell. Close-up views of Col-0 (C), mda1-1 (F) and mda1-2 (I) chloroplasts. Photographs were taken 21 days after stratification (das). Bars = 20 µm (A, D, G), 5 µm (B, E, H) and 2 µm (C, F, I). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3504202_fig3_167920.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Postoperative radiographs demonstrating internal fixation with 2.7 mm threaded wires and figure of 8 tension band sutures using number 5 Ethibond suture on the right side and a hemiarthroplasty on the left side. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4057389_pone-0099990-g006_297959.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | A 16-year-old boy (patient 12 in Tables 1, 2, 3) with XP11.2/TFE 3 confirmed by biopsy.
A, Axial unenhanced CT image showing an ill-defined, irregular, slightly higher attenuation mass with a bulk of plaque-like calcifications in the right kidney. Retroperitoneal adenopathy is observed. B–D, Axial CMP and NP contrast-enhanced CT showing a heterogeneously enhanced mass. E, The liver and porta hepatis areas and right retroperitoneal multiple lymphoma metastases are indicated. F, Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated TFE3 nuclear staining (HE 20 & 10). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_09563.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | As she is one eyed and papilledema is an emergency, we obtained fundus photographs after she received treatment for raised intracranial pressure for 5 days. The visible optic disc edema is less than that was seen at her initial presentation |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00782.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Plain film lateral view of left knee showing posterior knee dislocation |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3603167_fig2_193279.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT scan of the chest demonstrating pleural effusion (arrow), subcutaneous emphysema (asterisk), and pneumomediastinum (x). Subcutaneous air and mediastinal air are likely secondary to instrumentation. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4412096_fig1_381439.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Initial CT scan in patient A, showing central cholangiocarcinoma with multiple satellite nodules surrounding the primary tumor. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3537619_pone-0053249-g007_177098.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | 2DNAGE of mtDNA from larvae and embryos.Replication intermediates from D. melanogaster embryos and larvae, digested with the indicated enzymes and hybridized with probe 3. Note the rather prominent eyebrow on the Bsp1407I digest in larval mtDNA and the virtual absence of sz2 in replicating mtDNA from embryos. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4534048_Fig2_414028.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Histology of livers of cats after feeding. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of livers from the control group (a) and HF group (b). Oil red O staining of livers (c and d) revealed the accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes in the HF group. Cells in Fig. 2a appeared to have greater steatosis than cells in Fig. 2b
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC3794427_F1_236673.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Anterior cortical midline findings of previous studies reporting self-related abnormalities in depression. Spheres are centered on peak voxel values of regions whose activities are reported significantly different in major depressive patients from healthy control subjects during self-referential processing, or during another paradigm (e.g., rest or emotional face processing) where activity was associated with rumination scores. Talairach coordinates were converted into MNI space with BrainMap toolbox (brainmap.org). Activity is greater in patients than control subjects unless otherwise indicated. *With a remitted patient sample. **Hypoactivity in patients. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3056368_F0001_89873.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen (A) and pelvis (B) shows irregular wall thickening in the neck of the gallbladder (arrow in A), with multiple, enlarged inguinal lymph nodes (arrows in B) showing relatively preserved fatty hila. CT scan of the chest (C) shows multiple, well-defined, small, subcentimetre nodules (arrows), in both lower lobes |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4219675_pone-0109843-g001_332727.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Association between OCT reflectivity and amount of lipids.Vertical, 3-mm OCT scans of the lower tear meniscus. The lipid-based tracer containing different concentrations of castor oil (0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, and 0.06%) or saline solution were instilled in five subjects (A, B, C, D, and E, respectively). OCT imaging revealed a positive correlation between the signal intensity detected by OCT and lipids concentration. At baseline (F), the reflectivity in the lower tear meniscus was nearly undetectable. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC1166574_F4_2410.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Immunohistochemistry of TGF-β2 in rat endometrium during pregnancy. IHC shown are from one representative experiment and were repeated 6 times using 6 different uterine sections from 6 different rats per day of pregnancy. Representative days of pregnancy are presented (A: day 4; B: day 5.5; C: day 6.5; D: day 10; E: day 14; F: negative control in which primary antibody was absent). le: luminal epithelium; em: embryo; s: stroma. Magnification: 40×. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4352901_fig4_365146.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Postmortem biopsies of lung (a) and liver (b) include viral inclusion containing cells. Immunohistochemical CMV positivity in alveolar cells (c) and hepatocytes (d) (magnification (a, b, c, and d) ×400). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2882923_F2_65785.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | TF is expressed on tumour cells and VEGF-stimulated HUVECs but not on unstimulated HUVECs. A. TF expression was detected on breast cancer cell lines but not on CHO-K1 cells by flow cytometry using mouse Icon (mfVII/hIgG1 Fc) protein. B. Selective expression of TF on VEGF-stimulated HUVECs but not on unstimulated HUVECs was observed and photographed under confocal microscope. HUVECs were stained for TF expression by mouse Icon or anti-HTF antibody (FITC, green) and then by anti-human CD31 PE (red) to verify that TF-expressing cells were of vascular endothelial origin. Results in A and B are representative of two experiments. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4656244_Fig2_446790.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
a Coronal MIP MDCT image showing an appearance of complete thrombosis of the infrarenal portion of IVC (on the right (arrow) and tortuous appearance of gonadal vein (median pathway) (on the left) (asterisk) b Coronal MIP MDCT image showing enlarged inferior hemorrhoidal vein (portal pathway) (arrow) c Sagittal MIP MDCT image showing ascending lumbar veins with an appearance of pseudomasses at the level of lumbar vertebra (deep pathway) (arrow) d Coronal MPR MRI image showing infrarenal IVC agenesis (arrow) (e) Coronal MPR MRI image showing enlarged epigastric vein (superficial pathway) (arrow) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4113635_f5-etm-08-03-0935_309237.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Morphology and alkaline phosphatase staining of hESCs grown on KM3 cells that had been cryopreserved and thawed after treatment with mitomycin C. (A–H) Phase microscopy. (a–h) Alkaline phosphatase staining. (A and a), control. Cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen for (B and b) 15 days, (C and c) 30 days and (D and d) 60 days respectively. Cyopreserved at −70°C for (E and e) 15 days, (F and f) 30 days, (G and g) 60 days and (H and h) 60 days with increased cell numbers, respectively. Bar, 100 μm. Magnification, ×50. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvk90ug074y8qag5uen.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic34849.jpg | what is abnormal in the ct scan? | paradoxic embolization, patent foramen ovale, cerebral infarction |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4340874_pone.0116076.g001_362288.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | A: LDI image of the rabbit ear (Red, high perfusion; blue, low perfusion).The flux scale is displayed below each image. B: CCD image of the rabbit ear. The two images are shown at the same scale for comparison. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3986958_f1_281192.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Axial (A) and sagittal (B-C) T1- and T2-weighted MRI with Gd-DTPA show the linear heterogeneously enhanced mass inthe right cerebellar hemisphere. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3420726_fig2_150323.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | (a) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (T2W) of muscles around the right shoulder joint and right anterior chest region showing areas of increased signal intensities with areas of myositis, muscle swelling (red arrows), and subcutaneous edema. (b) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (T2W) of the muscles around the left shoulder joint revealing areas of hyperintensities suggestive of necrosis (yellow arrows) and inflammation of muscles with subcutaneous edema. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2704.jpg | What is present? | cardiovascular |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_32895.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | and 2 show the extensive leukoencephalopathy. Figure 2 is the FLAIR image that showed the extensive diffuse white matter signal abnormalities throughout the brain. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic24177.jpg | what is abnormal in the ultrasound? | testicular neoplasm |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3200147_F5_112948.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Real time 3-D echocardiography for quantitation of the left ventricle. Care was taken to encompass the entire LV cavity in the data set by checking LV views from 2-D multiplane display and 3-D LV transversal plane (upper panel). After the 3-D acquisition, 9-slice display mode was used to ensure optimal imaging of the entire LV endocardium at each short-axis level and lack of stitching artifacts (lower panel). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4355446_Fig3_365808.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | MRI scans of a 25 years old patient with extreme primary dysmenorrhea as an example for the establishment of the diagnosis of adenomyosis by ‘visualisation’. The diameter of the JZ in the mid-sagittal plane would not allow for the diagnosis of adenomyosis (a). A closer analysis of an enlargement of the JZ in the left cornual angle (b and c) revealed beginning cystic cornual angle adenomyosis (d) (arrow) |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4365180_Fig1_369164.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | The Middle Eastern blowflies of forensic importance. a
Ch. albiceps, basal part of wing, stem vein. b
C. vicina, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. c
L. caesar, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. d
Ch. albiceps, thorax, lateral view. e
P. regina, thorax, lateral view. f
Ch. pinguis, head, lateral view. g
Ch. phaonis, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. h
Ch. pinguis, thorax, upper, and lower calypters. i
Ch. megacephala, thorax, lateral. j
Ch. marginalis, wing. k
Ch. nigripes, thorax, lateral view. ant spir anterior spiracle, gen dil genal dilation, gr amp great ampulla, kat set katepisternal setae, low cal lower calypter, ps g postgena, up cal upper calypter |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4063130_fig1_299504.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Various imaging findings of a 54-year-old female with CSM who underwent TBL at C3-C7 (left: before surgery, right: after surgery). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1805439_F1_9736.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Computed tomography of the brain conducted at 5 weeks of age showing an intra cerebral hemorrhage. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4578050_f4-etm-0-0-2684_425405.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Overexpression of EBP50 inhibited the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. (A-C) Representative data of SW1990 cells: (A) SW1990; (B) HA-SW1990 and; (C) EBP50-SW1990 cells. (D and E) Representative data of PANC-1 cells: (D) PANC-1; (F) HA- PANC-1 and; (F) EBP50- PANC-1 cells. Magnification, x200. EBP50, ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50; HA-SW1990, SW1990 cells transfected with pBK-CMV-HA empty vector; EBP50-SW1990, SW1990 cells transfected with pBK-CMV-HV-EBP50. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2593002_f2_30855.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Rotation of a 3D image dataset of a 120 hpf embryo. SD-OCT can acquire a 3 dimensional quantitative description of the tissues within zebrafish embryos. These data allow the non-invasive visualization of the entire animal, as well as cross-sectional slices in any orientation through the animal at any stage of development, all without sacrificing the animal or noticeably impeding development. This gross anatomical visualization of the zebrafish was rendered in 3D-View, using the maximum intensity projection display. |
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