image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC4536247_Fig4_414568.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Selective angiography of the anomalous artery. The anomalous systemic artery supply (arrowheads) to the lung from the abdominal aorta supplied blood to a localized region of the right lower lobe (a). In a delayed phase, it was returned to the scimitar vein (arrows) (b). Selective angiography of the anomalous artery (arrowheads) after the procedure. Cessation of the anomalous systemic arterial flow to the localized region of the right lower lobe was confirmed (open arrows) (c) |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4158280_fig1_318939.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs at the first presentation. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_brain/train_2374.jpg | Is adrenal of premature 30 week gestation gram infant lesion present? | no |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic35745.jpg | in what plane is this mri? | coronal |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4055601_f6-ijmm-33-06-1407_297581.jpg | What is shown in this image? | (A) Cell morphology in the control (healthy group), dysplasia model and miR-139-5p administration group shown by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining (magnification, ×200). (B) Cell morphology in the control, dysplasia model and miR-139-5p administration group shown by Nissl staining. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_68055.jpg | What is shown in this image? | A 38-year-old man with CD. The axial CT image clearly depicts an enteroenteric fistula (arrow) in the right lower quadrant area. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4043209_F1_293752.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | a. The 3D reconstruction and orthogonal planes from the SRR volume. b. The 3D reconstruction and orthogonal planes from the SA volume. Higher quality in SRR is achieved at z-x and z-y planes. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvd90i0074yayywbnv0.jpg | Is there text? | No |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2803993_F8_54388.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Computed tomography of pelvis (24 February 2009): sagittal section shows the stent in its long axis (green arrow) along with a wire protruding into the lumen of stent (red arrow). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2561019_F5_28387.jpg | What is shown in this image? | End-diastolic, end-systolic and LGE images before CABG and end-diastolic and end-systolic images after CABG of a patient with wall thinning and LGE area 1–25% in inferolateral wall displayed in 4-chamber (upper) and short-axis (lower) views. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3899856_RSIF20130784F4_260877.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Photograph of the gellan gum microparticles obtained by precipitation in a phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) solution and possessing a size between 500 and 2000 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4155770_F2_318097.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Immunohistochemistry demonstrates staining of melanoma tumors and no staining of any normal tissues. Staining was done with the TP41.2 antibody. 30 normal tissues [adrenal, bladder, bone marrow, breast (5 samples), cerebellum, cerebrum grey matter, cerebrum white matter, colon (2 samples), esophagus, heart, kidney cortex, kidney medulla, liver (2 samples), lung (2 samples), lymph node, mesothelium, muscle, ovary, pancreas, peripheral nerve, prostate, salivary gland, skin (2 samples), small bowel, spleen, stomach, testis, thyroid, uterus endometrium, uterus myometrium] were tested with representative data shown here. Magnification shown is 40X. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3158086_pone-0023434-g002_105595.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Physiological factors can cause poor therapeutic outcomes in metastatic OvCa nodules.Large nodules stained for the presence of ECM show coatings of human fibronectin (A), collagen IV (B), and laminin V (C), in red. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Staining with the Golgi protein GM130 (C, green) reveals that the outer nodule cell layer is polarized. Multiphoton microscopy of PIM-stained, day 13 nodules reveals the presence of hypoxic core cells (D, false color). pH imaging using SNARF-4F shows that the core of the model nodules are acidic (E). Autofluorescence gave rise to the two deeply acidic (pH<5.5) point artifacts in the center of the image. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3836296_fig2_245331.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Diagnostic cerebral angiogram at initial presentation. (a) AP right carotid injection. (b) AP left vertebral injection. (c) AP left carotid injection. (d) Lateral right carotid injection. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1519.jpg | Does close-up tumor show uterus, leiomyoma? | no |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic44726.jpg | what is the mr weighting in this image? | t2 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4362313_F2_368237.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Brain areas with significant volume reduction of white matter (WM). Green map: Control vs. PoTS, Red map: PoTS vs. Control. From left panel (−50): left middle temporal gyrus, (−34): left paracentral lobule, (−28): right postcentral gyrus, (−18): left precentral gyrus. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3681255_fig1_210983.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography performed in September 2011 shows multiple cysts in both hepatic lobes. Nodular structures can be observed on the caudal side of a giant cyst. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3559109_F6_182146.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Buchneria teres comb. n., suboral avicularia. A Two different sizes of suboral avicularia in adjacent zooids, ZSM 20043001 B A large, projecting suboral avicularium, NSMT TeS-2 C A large suboral avicularium appearing offset to the center of the frontal shield, NSMT TeS-2. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic28668.jpg | what is abnormal in the x-ray? | pulmonary arteriovenous malformation |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qs1f7308320i3rbxw7.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 1 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4251919_pone-0113151-g001_341003.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | hTH-GFP expression correlates with TH expression in the adult midbrains of Line 12141.TH staining (A) co-labels with GFP (B) expression in midbrain areas, especially in the cell bodies (C) of the SNpc and VTA. The inset of Panel (C) shows that GFP antibody can detect GFP signals in the fine dendritic processes emanating from the cell bodies into the SN pars reticulata (SNpr), which are not as easily visualized by GFP fluorescence in Panel C. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4296613_f01_350874.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Method used for standardization of the photographic takes of the plaster molds: A=
10-mm-thick glass plate; B= 20-cm millimeter ruler; C= black plastic plate with
mark indicating the center of the object (the back of a CD-ROM case), D= red wax
plate. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_37707.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | CT demonstrates a large amount of pneumoretroperitoneum in the presacral space. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2911413_F2_70012.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Immunohistochemistry of NFs and CAFs. (A) Phase images of primary cultures of stromal fibroblasts isolated from invasive ductal carcinomas (right) and stromal fibroblasts from normal breast tissue (left), original magnification × 100. (B) CAFs (right) were positive for α-SMA staining, while NFs (left) were negative. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4221737_fig3_333204.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Actin cables generate an aster-like structure around the sperm cell nucleus during migration in the central cell.(A–H) 1-min interval time-lapse image montage during sperm cell nuclear migration. After gamete fusion, the sperm cell nuclei (red ovals) start moving towards opposite directions (A–C). In the central cell, actin cables (green) become associated with the sperm cell nucleus (arrowhead) after its entry (D and E) and assemble an aster-like structure around the sperm cell nucleus (F–H). Inlet in panel G shows actin cables (white) around the sperm cell nucleus in the central cell without sperm chromatin fluorescence. See also Video 1.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04501.007 |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_75250.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Chest X-ray showing right middle lobe opacity (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4215694_F6_331942.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Comparison of 2-dimensional histopathology section vs. 3-dimensional confocal imaging of primary human malignant mesothelioma tumors ex vivo, with specific examination for TnTs. (A) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of sectioned primary human mesothelioma tumor; arrowheads indicate putative nanotube-like structures; (B,C) compiled confocal image produced by combining individual z-stacked images of representative portions of tumor tissue resected from a human patient. Tumors were stained with MitoTracker and Hoechst 334 dye; arrowheads indicate nanotube structures. Please also see Movie S5. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic51263.jpg | what organ system is shown in the image? | skull and contents |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4623916_Fig8_438172.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Expression of CCK-8 in stomach of each group. a Control group. b Model group. c XSLJZD-treated group. d Low-dose XSLJZD treated group. e Domperidone-treated group. CCK-8 mainly distributes in stratum basale of stomach. (Tissue sections were viewed at 20× magnification.) Positive CCK-8 expressed as brown granule, distributed in cytoplasm. Expression of CCK-8 was lower in model group and low-dose XSLJZD-treated group, higher in control group, XSLJZD-treated group and domperidone-treated group |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3172304_pone-0024730-g003_108445.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Evaluation of FUS-treated muscle tissue by T
2-weighted MRI.
T
2-weighted MR images were obtained at 3T after 3 (A and B) and 8 (C and D) days post-FUS. Imaging reveals persistent edema on days 3 and 8 in regions of the right leg that were treated with cFUS exposures (A and C) but not pFUS exposures (B and D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2859935_pone-0010315-g001_62903.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | X-ray of a woodpigeon illustrating four gunshot and numerous small radio-dense fragments.Radio-dense fragments may trace the passage of shot through the bird; some fragments are close to bone suggesting fragmentation on impact, others are not. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2093.jpg | What is present ? | hematologic |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4224489_pone-0112448-g004_334294.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | The effect of ES, M-ES, and PEG-M-ES on HRMEC tube formation.A Matrigel assay was used to evaluate the angiogenic effect of ES, M-ES, and PEG-M-ES on HRMECs. The total length of each tube in all treatment groups is presented. The upper left panel shows the statistical analysis results, and the other figures are representative images (10−6 mg/ml agents) of various treatment groups. Data are presented as the mean ±SD. Each experiment was repeated at least three times. One-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc Dunnett's t-test was used to analyze the data. *P<0.05; **P<0.01. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4633641_f3_441321.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | miR-146a-5p was downregulated in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).(A) Representative morphological images and Immunocytochemistry staining of quiescent and activated HSCs for desmin and α-SMA (400×). (B) miR-146a-5p expression was examined by real-time qRT-PCR. Values are mean ± SD, **P < 0.01 compared with 1d, #P < 0.05 compared with 3d. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4350294_Fig3_364150.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image |
Imaging findings after treatment.
(A) FDG-PET indicating unchanged abnormal multiple accumulations in the SMGs (white arrowheads) and in several systemic lymph nodes (black arrowheads). (B) CT findings indicating swelling of the PGs (white arrowheads), SMGs (white arrowheads), and generalized lymph nodes (LNs) (white arrows). (C) Sonographic images indicating vaguely-outlined hypoechoic areas in the SMGs. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3909300_F2_263206.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Co-localization of Kv1.2 with NF200, IB4, P2X3, SP, and CGRP in DRG neurons. Double immunohistochemical staining shows that approximately 80.3% of Kv1.2-labeled neurons are positive for NF200 (A–C), 2.45% for IB4 (D–F), 11.11% for P2X3 (G–I), 3.97% for SP (J–L), and 10.7% for CGRP (M–O). Arrows: double-labeled neurons. Scale bar: 70 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3581449_pone-0057187-g003_187768.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Modification of chloroplast ultrastructures in cutinase transplastomic lines.A, Transmission electron micrographs of chloroplasts from untransformed leaf tissue (10,000 X). B-F, Transmission electron micrographs of chloroplasts from cutinase transplastomic lines with (B) light green (20,000 X), (C-D) pale (31,500 X), (E) mosaic (31,500 X) and (F) pale leaf (8,000 X). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4279997_Fig4_347574.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner |
Radiographic evidence of Morquio A syndrome in a three-year-old female Morquio A patient (a-c). The pelvic radiograph (a) shows steep acetabulum with tapering ilium distally. Capital femoral epiphyseal dysplasia is noted. The lateral image of the thoracolumbar spine (b) shows uniform platyspondly with mild middle beaking. The image of the hand (c) shows strikingly short metacarpals with proximal coning and convergence toward centrally and phalanges that retain diaphyseal constriction. The distal radius and ulna inclined on their planes towards each other. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2954.jpg | Where is this from? | vasculature |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3565255_f1-ijms-14-00146_183957.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | The pathological examination of the lungs of BALB/c mice and the histology scores revealed marked differences between groups. After mice were infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae for 3 days, they were treated with 16 μg/mL Baicalin and 100 μg/mL Qinbai for 6 days. Experiments were repeated twice. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic31890.jpg | what is the plane of the image? | axial |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3866390_F14_252505.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Endometrial polyp (P). (A) Stiff polyps on SEG, arrow indicates invisible polyp in grey scale that was detected on SEG; (B) Dopplerography of polyp vessel, RI = 0.7. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4010482_pone-0096519-g003_286044.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Radiography shows bone formation in DBM/AF constructs that were implanted into the dorsal skin pocket of athymic mice.Rabbit annulus tissue was dissected and fabricated into a DBM cylinder and the constructs were implanted into the dorsal skin pocket of mice. Specimens were harvested at different time points. X-ray images A) in vitro, and, B) in vivo. Scale bar = 1 mm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3461454_F1_158206.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Anteroapical MI at 4 weeks post-infarction. Matched histology, LGE-PSIR and T1ρ (B1 = 500 Hz, TSL = 50 ms) images are labeled according to slice number from LV apex to base. Fibrotic scar tissue appears as an area of enhanced signal intensity on both LGE-PSIR and T1ρ-weighted images in slices 1–5.T1ρ can visualize small features such as the posterior papillary muscle (black and white arrows in slice 3), which appears non-fibrotic amidst a larger section of fibrotic myocardial tissue using all three methods. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3061327_fig3_90643.jpg | Describe the image concisely. |
Case 2. Upper: MRI images after the second operation. Lower: MRI after transsphenoidal surgery. Tumor was resected except suprasellar part and decompressed brainstem. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3568895_fig2_184866.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Left occipital infarct area in the CT scan (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4113644_f1-etm-08-03-0719_309270.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Original grading examples of the histological analysis of the resection edges (hematoxylin and eosin stain; magnification, ×100). (A) Lipomatous atrophy grade 1; (B) lipomatous atrophy grade 3; (C) chronic inflammatory infiltration grade 1; and (D) chronic inflammatory infiltration grade 3. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4506913_fig1_407397.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Clinical images. (a) Initial presentation; note Miller Class I recession defect on facial of the mandibular left canine; (b) pouch prepared; (c) SCTG surgery completed; (d) postoperative week 1 presentation. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2169242_F3_15649.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Lectin binding to bronchial epithelium using different detection methods. Serial sections for comparison of detection methods for lectin binding of Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) to SAα2,6 and Maackia amurensis (MAA) agglutinin for binding to SAα2,3 in adult bronchial epithelium. Double fluoresecence for FITC labelled SNA and TRITC labelled MAA shows a heterogeneous pattern (A), with more binding to the basal epithelium with MAA (B) than SNA (C). HRP labelling of MAA (D) and SNA (E) shows a similar pattern of binding to the fluorescent labelled lectin. 200 × magnification. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3899529_F1_260849.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Identification of anatomical projections from A1 to V1. (A) Representative image of the CTB injection site and YoYo-1 nuclear counterstaining, which remained confined within the boundaries of V1. (B) Left; immunofluorescence images showing retrograde transport of CTB injected in V1 to ipsilateral layers IV-VI of the primary auditory cortex (red), with a few scattered somata in layer II-III. Right; in the hemisphere contralateral to the injection site, a few cells are labeled in layers V–VI. Nuclei are counterstained with YoYo-1 (green). Scale bar is 500 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_55036.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Bedside ultrasound demonstrating hyperechoic object within the bladder. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4114161_F3_309459.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Reconstruction using laparoscopic gastric tube. (a,b) Creation of the gastric tube using the Endo-GLA. (c) Delivery of the gastric tube to the neck. (d) Anastomosis of the tube to the pharynx after dividing the esophageal attachment. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4671358_F6_450991.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | (A) Invasive angiography prior to endovascular repair (EVAR): rupture of an infrarenal AAA. (B) Final angiography after EVAR: successful exclusion of the ruptured AAA by a bifurcated stent graft; no endoleak visible. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic38248.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | medulloblastoma |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2006.jpg | Where is this? | urinary |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4019532_pone-0097151-g006_288060.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Presence of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cell tumors after HSVtk transfection and ganciclovir treatment.NTS-polyplex nanoparticles carrying the plasmid pORF-HSVtk were administrated locally or intravenously every two days. GCV (70 mg/kg of body weight, i. p.) was administered daily. The representative micrographs show the immunofluorescence against cleaved caspase-3 (red fluorescence) in cells that were counterstained with Hoechst 33258 (blue fluorescence). Representative bright field micrographs of condensed chromatin of apoptotic bodies were stained with Apostain. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3132439_fig6_101724.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Representative sections of HSV-T0Z distribution in the mouse central nervous system. Serial brain sections were produced dissecting animals in coronal orientations (a–e). Here, we show a part of the representative coronal sections. Sections were stained with the X-Gal substrate (blue signal) as described in method paragraph. In the dark field (DF) images are indicated the magnification and measurement bars. Point of injection is shown (red arrow) into image (a) on the left hemisphere close to bregma line. In (e) there is a representative section of cerebellum. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2000898_F1_13938.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | APN/CD13 expression in OVCA tissues A, B, C, D and E; Immunohistological staining of APN/CD13 in surgically resected OVCA tissues of 14 patients representing four different histological types using APN/CD13 specific Ab. A-D; APN/CD13 was expressed intensely in tumor cells but only slightly in stromal cells. A; clear cell carcinoma (case 7), B; endometrioid adenocarcinoma (case 8), C; mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (case 5), D; serous cystadenocarcinoma (case 12), E; serous cystadenocarcinoma (case 2), APN/CD13 was intensely expressed in stromal cells but was almost undetectable in tumor cells. F; APN/CD13-negative control of serous cystadenocarcinoma. Black arrows indicate tumor cells expressing APN/CD13; green arrows indicate stromal cells expressing APN/CD13. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4377378_fig3_372594.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Seven weeks after the MRI in Figure 1, MRI revealed an even smaller sellar lesion on (a) sagittal precontrast T1-weighted, (b) sagittal postcontrast T1-weighted, and (c) coronal T1-weighted images. The enhancement and heterogeneity of the pituitary mass can still be seen, although less than in Figure 2. The optic chiasm is even more visible in the coronal T1-weighted image with the pitutitary mass smaller in vertical length. The pituitary stalk can still be seen deviated to the right. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4407925_fig05_380402.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Perfusion maps of a patient with LAD disease for the mid-cavity slice obtained by (a) ARMA, (b) exponential, and (c) Fermi deconvolution. The perfusion maps are represented as function of spatial resolution level and direction of spatial averaging. Perfusion estimates are in mL/g/min. Transmural perfusion variations across the myocardium wall in ischemic regions have been disappeared at 20 and 10% of original resolution in transmural direction averaging for exponential and Fermi methods. However, for angular direction averaging, the endocardium, epicardium, and their transmural perfusion differences are still distinguishable from each other at 20 and 10% resolution levels in ischemic regions. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4182689_fig1_324477.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Histopathological analysis of tumor xenografts. Autopsy images show the human ovarian (a) and human epidermoid carcinoma (f) tumor xenografts 25 and 16 days after tumor cell implantation, respectively. Microscopic images of H&E staining ((b) A2780 Pgp−, (c) A2780AD Pgp+; (g) KB-3-1 Pgp−, (h) KB-V-1 Pgp+) and UIC2 mAb-DAB immunostaining ((d) A2780 Pgp−, (e) A2780AD Pgp+; (i) KB-3-1 Pgp−, (j) KB-V-1 Pgp+) of xenograft tumor sections. Bar: 50 μm; magnification ×200. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_19430.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Mammogram: Mammogram (craniocaudal) showing an under-skin marker at the site of palpable abnormality. There is an ill-defined soft-tissue asymmetry, which blends with the rest of the breast tissue. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4372768_f4_371461.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Axial CT part of the PET/CT study showing soft tissue involvement adjacent to the T2 vertebra |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3427297_pone-0042957-g007_151706.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Ovine prion protein testis specific (Prt) distribution in ram testis using immunohistochemistry, and produced anti-ovine Prt polyclonal antibody (APPA).APPA labeling of ram germinal cells in seminiferous tubules (E). Positive cells were detected (arrows) in spermatogonia (C), spermatocytes (D), spermatides (A), and spermatozoa (B). Negative control using mouse control serum (pre-immune), as the primary antibody (F). Same results were obtained when incubating sections with the secondary antibody alone (data not shown). Vimentin (G) and Ki-67 antigen (H), immunodetection of Sertoli cells cytoskeletal and spermatides, respectively. Spermatogonia (Sg), spermatocytes (Sc), spermatides (Sp), spermatozoa (Spz), Sertoli cell (S). Magnifications (A, B, C and D) ×1000, (E and F) ×100. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3781065_pone-0075910-g006_233054.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Histological analysis of viral pneumonia in immunosuppressed macaques.Macaques were autopsied 7 days after virus infection. Lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and representative figures are shown. (A) A macaque, Y3, infected with YOK91 without immunosuppression, (B) A macaque, N2, infected with NRT1 without immunosuppression, (C) A macaque, Y4, infected with YOK91 with immunosuppression, (D) A macaque, N4, infected with NRT1 with immunosuppression. Bars in microscopic photos indicate 100 µm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2825652_fig1_57593.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Age-22 SPECT scan showing prominent and heterogeneous hypoperfusion. One color step equals a 10% change in perfusion. The highest perfusion is indicated by white. See text for acquisition conditions and Table 4 for results of semiquantitative analysis. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3361198_fig11_139607.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | (a) Reconstructed image after modification of curvelet coefficients; (b) enhanced grayscale of (a) using stretching; (c) binary thresholding of (b). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3555818_pone-0055080-g001_181514.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Electron micrographs of morphological changes of cortical neurons after cerebral I/R injury.(A) N, nucleus; Broad arrows represent autophagosomes; Narrow arrows represent mitochondria. (B) Quantitative analysis of the nubmeber of autophagosomes. Three animals in each group and 10 fields for each animal were examined. *p<0.05 versus sham group. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gl5s3vv071u18ipbr2h.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink, Red, White, Yellow |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4460431_F3_394746.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | (A) Three-dimensional structure of BPP from B. subtilis (MMDB ID 89811). (B) BPP structure of B. subtilis strain KPS-11 (colored) in comparison with BPP of B. subtilis (NCBI PDB ID: 3AMR) visualized using Cn3D software. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_06337.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | X-ray showing rounded soft tissue mass arising from the alveolus with multiple calcifications within it in addition to a large triangular calcification suggestive of partly formed vertebra |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4645184_f9_443925.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Immunohistochemistry analysis of YAP and TAZ in mouse pancreas.Immunohistochemistry analysis of mouse pancreatic tissue using anti-YAP antibody (A,B) or anti-TAZ (C,D). Representative images are shown. (A,C): tissues isolated from Pdx1-Cre mice; (B,D): tissues isolated from Pdx1-Cre/LSL-KrasG12D mice. Examples of cells with up regulation of YAP or TAZ are indicated by arrows (duct-like cells) or arrowheads (stellate cells). Magnification: 20 x, error bar: 100 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2863.jpg | What is present ? | hepatobiliary |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2783124_F1_51859.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Computerized tomography scan showing bilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4316931_f5-etm-09-03-0787_355463.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Images of a GIII rat. (A) Gross morphology of the liver of a GIII rat with a normal reddish-brown color. (B) Hematoxylin and eosin-stained section of the liver. The image is devoid of fibers and lipid droplets (magnification, ×200). (C) Toluidine blue-stained section of the liver. The image is devoid of fibers and lipid droplets (magnification, ×1,000). (D) Masson’s trichrome-stained section of the liver with no collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix. The image also lacks lipid droplets (magnification, ×400). GIII, carbon tetrachloride plus ethanol plus green tea extract group. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3572056_pone-0056741-g002_185429.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | A20 biallelic deletion in nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma.(A) Medium-sized lymphoid cells with slightly irregular nuclei and mitosis, (hematoxylin-eosin stain, Olympus BX51, magnification ×200; inset ×400). (B) Positive signals in the nucleus of almost all tumor cells, (EBER1, Olympus BX51, magnification ×400). (C) Negative for latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) staining (LMP-1, Olympus BX51, magnification ×400). (D) Biallelic deletion of A20 detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization. A20 probe (orange) and chromosome 6 centromeric probe (green). (Olympus IX71, colors corrected after acquisition with Adobe Photoshop). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4142299_fig2_315225.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Immunohistochemical analysis of the division of T, B, and plasma cell markers with a special emphasis on TFH-related molecules in pSS with FS = 2 and pSS with FS = 3. Serial immunostainings of grade 2 and grade 4 aggregates show CD4+ T helper cells, CD5+ T and B1 cells, CD20+ B cells, and CD138+ plasma cells and markers which play a role in the TFH-B cell interaction, namely, CD84, PD-1, and Bcl-6. The magnification of digitalized slides is 10x. Scale bar 200 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4204158_fig11_329444.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Segmentation of corpus callosum from magnetic resonance image using the proposed active contour with shape prior using different parameters: (top row) ν = 2.0 × 104, (middle row) ν = 3.5 × 104, and (bottom row) ν = 5.0 × 104. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzcdp08086u1tnn800j.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink, White, Red |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3070720_pone-0018383-g002_91764.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Antibodies detecting the parasite surface and inner membrane complex.A) Phase contrast and fluorescence showing that 4C1 and 21H12 stain the surface of Neospora. B) 15G6, 8H12, and 15D5 stain daughter parasites characteristic of the inner membrane complex. 8H12 and 15D5 stain both mother and daughter parasites whereas 15G6 is predominantly detected in daughter cells. 15D5 appears to have a more apical distribution while the others are localized throughout the IMC. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4470353_F1_397608.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed free retroperitoneal air (arrow), suspected for a small leakage from the posterior aspect of the third duodenal portion. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_16604.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Computed tomography (CT) brain shows large hypodense area (arrow) at the left cerebellum representing infarction |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic31957.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | hodgkin's lymphoma |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3205072_F3_113699.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Muscle biopsy. Eoshinophilic muscle fibers showing necrosis with no inflammatory cell infiltration. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxuv8zsc074yf2j43it4.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Oesophagitis |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05501.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Crown placed (36). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4297356_fig07_350963.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | DnaK2/3 localisation in Synechocystis. Confocal fluorescence micrographs showing chlorophyll fluorescence (first column), GFP fluorescence (second column), chlorophyll (red):GFP (green) overlay (third column) and located puncta in red (fourth column). DnaK2–gfp cells under low light (LL) (A–D) and after high light (HL) exposure for 30 min (E–H). DnaK3–gfp cells under low light (LL) (I–L) and after high light (HL) exposure for 30 min (M–P). Scale bar: 5 microns. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_24298.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | The MR sagittal view of the mandibular lesion with diffuse structural alteration of the left vertical mandibular branch and horizontal branch in the molar region. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4578918_FIG4_425781.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Axial T1-weighted (MPRAGE) image with fat saturation demonstrates left vertebral artery dissection with luminal narrowing and hyperintense intramural hematoma (red arrow)Axial diffusion weighted image (DTI trace) at the same level demonstrates diffusion restriction (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4053522_pone-0099865-g003_296935.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Histopathologic correlation of MR imaging data with biopsy specimens in a 48-year-old woman with small cell lung cancer.A, CT-guided biopsy; B, T2WI-TIRM; C, ADC map and ROI where ADCs have been measured are illustrated, 1 = ROI; D, corresponding histopathologic results for the tumour sample (original magnification, HE×400). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4381447_Fig4_373857.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative |
TEM images of an
A. baumannii
bacterium grown in solution with or without C6-HSL. TEM images were captured at magnification of ×12,000 (left column) and at ×15,000 (right column). (a) 12, 000-power magnification and (b) 15,000-power magnification of bacterial cell grown on glass slips incubated in MH broth without shaking over night at 37°C. (c) 12,000-power magnification and (d) 15,000-power magnification of bacteria cell growth in MH with 100 μmol/L C6-HSL forms obvious pili-like structures. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyddo1s086u3pglfu4d.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4666088_Fig1_449158.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Axial and coronal slices with dose distributions for a lung and a liver SBRT patient. The size of lung and liver appears differently in the CT datasets. PCT: planning CT, AIP: average intensity projection CT, MIP: maximum intensity projection CT, MidV: mid-ventilation CT |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic41984.jpg | what organ system is imaged? | spine and contents |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3366064_Fig3_140344.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Terahertz images of four different commercial tablets (a surface area and b at 0.26 mm depth from the surface) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1855.jpg | Is gangrene present? | no |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2856533_F10_62356.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Electron micrographs of day 45 seminiferous tubules reveal abnormal phagocytic membranous wheels in Ehd1-/- mice. (A) In WT mice, step 8 round spermatids were found in (B) early stage VIII seminiferous tubules that contained elongated spermatids in the process of spermiation near the lumen with tails apparent after spermiation; box enlarged in (C). (C) A WT elongated spermatid prior to spermiation maintains its ectoplasmic specializations (ES). (D) In Ehd1-/- mice, step 8 round spermatids were found in (E) late stage VIII seminiferous tubules that contained phagocytic membranous wheels engulfing elongated spermatids, their acrosomes and sperm tails; box enlarged in (F). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2855525_F2_62091.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Microscopic appearance, showing evidence of granulomatous tuberculous lesion. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4550893_f2_417931.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Uncommon carcinoma types in the proximal stomach exhibiting a protruded endoscopic pattern at the gastroesophageal junction (A) with a papillary histology type (B), or an excavated endoscopic appearance (C, arrow) and histology of carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (D), confirmed with positive in situ hybridization for the Epstein-Barr virus (insert), or a slightly elevated gross pattern (E, arrow) with neuroendocrine carcinoma histology (F), confirmed with positive immunostain for synaptophysin (insert). |
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