image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_5/PMC3603655_fig2_193404.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Sagittal, axial, and coronal computed tomography sections of the elbow show a 7 mm diameter cystic lesion that respects the cortical bone and is located at the cartilage-cortical bone junction in the posterolateral part of the olecranon fossa. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3519674_F4_171856.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Cervical epithelial damage is still apparent after three daily exposures to N-9. Mice were exposed once daily over three days to unformulated 1% N-9 and sacrificed after the indicated post-exposure intervals following the third exposure. H&E-stained tissue sections (shown at 40× magnification) were assessed for vaginal (A, C, E, G) and cervical (B, D, F, H) epithelial toxicity and scored. The tissue damage score (see also Table
1) is shown in the lower right corner of each panel. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glos4rf071u3785a7n1.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2642773_F2_34471.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | A. Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma involving lymph node (magnification × 10). 2B. Metastatic tumor cells are positive for EBV; germinal center is negative (magnification × 40). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3009617_F10_82102.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Cardiac MRI for the assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis: A: Left ventricular hypertrophy in a 51-year-old male patient with cerebrovascular involvement and end stage renal disease (dialysis). B: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a 56-year-old male patient with arrythmya, leukoareiosis and kidney transplant. C: Late enhancement after gadolinium in a 63-year-old female patient with end stage renal disease (dialysis). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_71160.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Oppressed vessels of the right kidney |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_54213.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | CT Thorax showing intracardiac right atrial mass with extracardiac extension. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4452243_fig1_392360.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of sepiolite and clinoptilolite nanoclays prepared in the DMEM culture media. Sepiolite nanoclays are fibers with a diameter size down to 20 nm (a), whereas clinoptilolite nanoclays are deformed octahedrons with a size down to 30 nm (b). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4606118_F1_433480.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Pathological changes in peripheral nerves of L31 mice after disease onset. Immune cell infiltration was revealed by immunohistochemistry analysis using antibodies against CD8 and Iba-1 (macrophages), while demyelination and axonal damage were detected with antibodies against PGP9.5 and fluoromyelin, respectively. (A) Only few resident macrophages and no CD8+ T cells were detected in sciatic nerves of wild type (WT); there were massive infiltration of Iba-1+ macrophages and CD8+ T cells as well as severe demyelination and axonal damage in sciatic (B), facial (C), and trigeminal nerves (D) of symptomatic L31 mice (L31). Scale bar: 50 μm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3464465_Fig1_158744.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Skin biopsy from the normal and affected supraorbital region. Intraepidermal nerve fibres (IENF) immunostained with the panaxonal marker anti-protein gene product 9.5 in a 50-μm skin section. Arrows indicate normal IENF crossing the dermo-epidermal junction. Scale bar 50 μm. The IENF density was 13.1/mm at the normal supraorbital region and 15.1/mm at the affected supraorbital region |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv7907g074yh40pcwlh.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Oesophagitis |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic45975.jpg | what plane is demonstrated? | sagittal |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3525534_pone-0052189-g004_174045.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | GFP transduced cells are distributed throughout the retina in AAV and NP-treated animals and persist for up to one year.Balb/C mice were subretinally injected at P30 with Naked-CBA-GFP, Naked-MOP-GFP, NP-CBA-GFP, NP-MOP-GFP (6.911 vg), AAV2-CBA-GFP, or AAV5-MOP-GFP (109 vg). GFP distribution was examined in vivo by brightfield/GFP fundus imaging at PI-2 (a-arrows show regions of early expression), PI-30 (b-top row), and PI-360 (d). Distribution was also assessed by capturing images of native GFP fluorescence in entire sections cut through the optic nerve at PI-30 (b-bottom row), and PI-90 (c). Arrows in b, c show the approximate region of injection. Scale bar, 500 µm. N-nasal, T-temporal. N = 3–5 eyes/cohort. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4483353_F0003_400676.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | CT scan of the pelvis showing fasciitis with air bubbles |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_54118.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Ultrasonography scanning over the hip area, after 6 weeks. Decreased echogenicity of surrounding fat with decreased amount of fluid collection and size was observed. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4656241_Fig13_446721.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Pleural metastases; axial view of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT scan: lung (a), soft tissue (b) and contrast-enhanced image (c). A relatively small bulky mass (arrow), that demonstrates slightly and homogeneous enhancement. After analysis of the histological specimen the lesion was found to be a pleural metastases from breast adenocarcinoma |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3235322_F1_118814.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | CLSM images of biofilm on soft tissue from patient 1. Overlay projection (includes all the slices in an image stack) of the biofilm at the center of the ulcer base (A) and at the edge of the ulcer base (B). Bar represents 75 µm. CLSM examination revealed the presence of bacteria ranging from single cells to large aggregates of grape-like clusters (panel A). The bacteria in these clusters were viable, as they appeared fluorescent green after LIVE/DEAD Baclight viability stain. Calcofluor white (blue) stained the EPS excreted by the bacteria (panel B). Host nuclei and fibrous material stained red with propidium iodide (panels A and B). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3729543_F2_221736.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Microscopic findings in FLS and DS mouse livers at 19 weeks of age. (A) FLS mice, (B) DS mice, (C) Microscopic characteristics of FLS mice at 19 weeks: (a) Focus of inflammation; (b) Balloon cells; (c) Foamy cell (arrowhead); (d) Acidophilic body (arrowhead); (e) Fibrosis (arrowheads); (f) Oil Red O staining. (A-C) Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, original magnifications: A, B, ×100; C-a, c, ×200; C-b, d, ×400. (C-e) Masson’s Trichrome staining; original magnification, ×200. (C-f) Original magnification, ×60. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3136422_F4_102212.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | The effect of ZA on F-actin in LM8 cells. The LM8 osteosarcoma cells were cultured on type I collagen gel and treated with the vehicle control (A) or 5 μmol/L ZA (B) for 24 hours. F-actin was detected by green fluorescent phalloidin staining and confocal microscopy. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3790906_Fig5_236069.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image |
Successful CWS placement (tortuosity 93.8°; type A lesion) (example 2). Right common carotid arteriogram. A. Severe 84% stenosis accompanied by mild tortuosity observed at the origin of the right internal carotid artery. B. Guiding the 10-mm × 24-mm CWS (arrow). C. Postdilatation. D. Good dilatation observed on the arteriogram taken immediately afterwards. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/illus_drawing/train_0538.jpg | What is expanded due to increased lymphomononuclear inflammatory cells which are seen to breach the limiting plate? | portal tract |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2103.jpg | Does this image show excellent example of old spleen infarct? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4214050_fig2_331231.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Ultrasound identification of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) during the UG-MSN and UG-DN techniques. (a) Three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction of the cervical vertebrae. The white arrow indicates C7. (b) Conventional computed tomography scanning of C7. (A) The posterior tubercle of the transverse process of C7. (c) Ultrasound imaging of C7. The dotted line represents the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of C7. The letters (A)–(F) indicate, respectively, the medial scalenus muscle, posterior tubercle, brachial plexus, sternocleidomastoideus muscle, anterior scalenus muscle, and cervical artery. Post.: posterior position of patients. Ant.: anterior position of patients. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic57246.jpg | what is the modality? | mr - adc map (app diff coeff) |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_25190.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Axial computed tomography image at level of aortic root demonstrates small left lower lobe pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (arrow) with surrounding ground glass opacity consistent with recent haemorrhage. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3995315_fig2_282868.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Lung histopathological sections of BALB/c mice stained with haematoxylin/eosin. Mice were immunised on days 0 and 7 with sc. injections of 4 μg OVA/1.6 mg alum. On days 14 and 21, the mice were challenged by in. with 10 μg OVA. The experiments were conducted 24 hours after the last challenge. Two magnifications were given (400 and 100x) to the clean control (a), OVA-immunised (b), DEXA-treated (c), and PHE-treated groups at 50 mg/kg (d) or 200 mg/kg (e). Arrows indicate areas of inflammation. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3925252_F4_267267.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Delayed contrast-enhanced (DCE) long-axis image (left) demonstrating infarcted myocardium (MI). MR-labeled-MSC injections appear as hypointense areas on fast gradient echo images. Serial imaging at 72 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks demonstrates the persistent of the MR-MSC injections. The volume of injections decreases over time. In addition, an injection placed in the normal myocardium (arrow) can no longer be detected at 4 weeks post-injection. Reprinted with permission from Soto et al.[120]. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4196987_pone-0110416-g001_327813.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Representative fluorescence photomicrographs of E. coli K12-colonized lettuce roots.(A–D) Detail of E. coli localization to zones of lateral root emergence or (E–H) root elongation zone after inoculating seedlings with (A and E) RFP-, (B and F) GFP-, (C and G) non-labeled cells or (D and H) non-inoculated seedlings. Magnifications were at (A–D) 150X or (E–H) 750X. The white bar corresponds to 20 µm (A–D) or 10 µm (E–H). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3576194_f2-ol-05-03-0825_186405.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Postoperative imaging showing urinary fistula. (A–E) Urinary fistula (arrow) was detected by CT urography. (F) Urinary fistula (arrow) was detected by MR urography. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxus8zog074ygep338cc.jpg | What color is the anatomical landmark? | Red, Pink, White |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2112.jpg | Is hematologic present? | yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02545.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | AP radiograph. Cementless total hip arthroplasty. Proximal prosthetic/metallic fracture through the neck of the femoral implant (arrowheads) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3431055_fig2_152342.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | CT SCAN of tracheal diameter. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3994142_pone-0095760-g005_282643.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Representative microautoradiograms of [3H]GA binding and bright field immunohistochemical images for GFAP in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 subfields and DG.The distributions of [3H]GA signals are consistent with those of astrocytes. Scale bars, 50 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2913939_F9_70422.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | The number of arterioles in brain infarction area. Small vessels (diameters ≤ 15 mm) (red arrows) quantification for each group (n = 10) on 21 day following acute IS (D). Identification of blood vessel distribution in BIA using α-SMA immunohistochemical staining, showing notably higher small vessel number in groups 1 (A) and 3 (C) than in group 2 (B) (200×), and similar between groups 3 and 1. Scale bars in right lower corner represent 50 μm. † vs. *, p < 0.0001. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvg90n4074y168dg66y.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_61131.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Suprasternal transverse projection. Visible left atrium (LA) and three tributaries of the pulmonary veins: lower right vein (3) and two left veins (1, 2). The bloodstream flowing into the left atrium from the left upper pulmonary vein (1) is clearly narrower than the others. Additional markings: Ao – ascending aorta, SVC – superior vena cava |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2277.jpg | Where is this from? | gastrointestinal system |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3913376_F4_263871.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | SEM images of SnO
2
nanowires of different magnification. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1609104_F2_7435.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Histology figure. Numerous secondary lymphoid follicles (Haematoxylin and eosin, original magnification: × 40). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2626.jpg | What are in this file? | 4 month old child several slides from case |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2293413_pone-0001950-g001_20187.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Examples of abnormal radiological findings.A. Magnetic Resonance axial T2-weighted image, displaying bilateral dilated Virchow-Robin spaces (arrow) in the basal ganglia. B. Magnetic Resonance axial T2-weighted image displaying a hyperintense right occipital mass (arrow head) and bilateral dilated Virchow-Robin spaces (arrow). C. Magnetic Resonance axial T1-weighted image with contrast infusion displaying frontal subdural collection (arrow). D. Magnetic Resonance axial T1-weighted image with contrast infusion displaying a basal meningeal enhancement (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3132029_F6_101675.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Glucosamine altered the expression of bone resorption and bone remodeling markers in the CIOA joints. Joints of healthy mice, CIOA mice treated with PBS (CIOA) and CIOA mice treated with glucosamine hydrochloride (CIOA + Glu1) were fixed, decalcified, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. The sections (n = 10/mice) were stained with antibodies against RANKL, BMP-2, TGF-β3, pSMAD-2 and DKK-1. The specific staining was detected using a peroxidase-DAB staining kit. The positive staining for RANKL in the joints (a), BMP-2 in osteophyte areas (b) and TGF-β3 (c), pSMAD-2 (d) and DKK-1 (e) in cartilage of CIOA mice untreated or treated with glucosamine was indicated with arrows; magnification × 100. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05290.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Computed tomographic scan of the same patient a year out showing spontaneous resolution of the seroma and intact hernia repair. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1898.jpg | Is female reproductive present? | yes |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3351028_F9_137767.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | A tissue section immunostained for Ku86. A tissue section from a biopsy of a 53 year old male patient who never had a colonic neoplasia. A small patch of three crypts with reduced expression for Ku86 is shown by arrows. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3407133_pone-0042211-g005_147082.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Ultrastructural features of intracellular Y. pestis and infected mouse and dog tissue culture cells.
Y. pestis strain KIM6+ infected RAW264.7 (top row) and DH82 (bottom row) cells were sampled at 2.5, 7.5 and 27.5 h p.i. and examined in transmission electron microscope. Long and short arrows indicate filamentous and coccobacillary form of intracellular Y. pestis, respectively. Arrow heads indicate degraded intracellular Y. pestis. Asterisks indicate spacious vacuolar extension of phagolysosomes. The images are at a 6,000× magnification, and cross bars represent 1 µm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3184633_F1_110696.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Adenoid cystic and ductal neoplastic components intermingled each other (hematoxylin and eosin stain; original magnification × 200). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4578332_Fig3_425478.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Fourteen-month postoperative follow-up. a Periapical radiography, complete bone remineralization of the periapical lesion of the distal root is observed. b Cone-beam computed tomography, coronal section. Arrow: partial bone remineralization of the previous lesion is observed. c Cone-beam computed tomography, axial view on the middle third of the roots. Obturation of the four canals is observed. d Axial view of the apical third of the roots (1mm from the apex). Arrow: the absence of sealing material in the radix entomolaris canal is observed. e Cone-beam computed tomography, three-dimensional rendered image. Arrows: radiopaque changes in the last millimeters of the mesiobuccal and radix entomolaris canals are observed Abbreviations, L: lingual; B: buccal. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_40385.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Lateral radiograph of L3-4 extreme lateral interbody fusion with Osteocel Plus at 12-month postoperatively. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2494540_F2_26180.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Angiography of the great vessels. 2a: showing a 4 cm occlusion of the of left subclavian artery (red circle) with 2b: demonstrating retrograde filling of the subclavian via the left vertebral (blue circle). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3311632_pone-0033369-g001_131429.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Example of the hippocampus of a patient not treated with GCs and of a patient treated with antenatal GCs.
Figure 1A shows an example of the hippocampus of a patient not treated with GCs (number 6) and 1B of a patient treated with antenatal GCs (number 19). Panel 1C and 1D represent a magnification of transition zone 2 and zone 3 of panel 1A and 1B. Neuronal density is lower in Figure 1D compared to 1C. Figure 1A and 1B (20×, H&E) and Figure 1C and 1D (200×, H&E). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08000.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Computed tomography scan. A cyst-like mass attached to small intestine and located at right abdomen, inferior to liver and anterior to kidney. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4210925_nutrients-06-04404-f002_330747.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | SDOCT “Extended Depth Imaging” of chorodal thickness (microns) of a 64-year-old male patient with AMD and diabetes type 2. Over time, approximately 2.5 years, there is an increase in choroid thickness in both retinas denoting better choroidal perfusion, which is opposite of the expected age-related trend. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic30981.jpg | what organ system is pictured here? | lung, mediastinum, pleura |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3470989_F4_160081.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | A coronal computed tomography image of the proximal hook and proximal pseudarthrosis. When this figure is compared with Figure
3, the pseudarthrosis and cyst are seen to be at the same level within the spine. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3019024_F5_83857.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Two (2D) Transthoracic echocardiography:
apical four chamber view–2D and color flow Doppler (A) shows
a mild mitral valve regurgitation on a valve with elongated
chordae tendineae in a 24 year–old woman and parasternal short
axis view–2D and color flow Doppler (B) from the same
patient, which shows associated bicuspid aortic valve with moder |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4513547_f4_408966.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Physiological response of the ovary to hormonal stimulation.(a–e) Stereomicroscope images and perfusion maps of the mouse ovary undergoing hormonal changes upon injection of pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG; injected at day 2) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; injected 48 h after PMSG, at day 4). Asterix indicates the same ovarian follicle at different time points; arrow denotes the same blood vessel. Calibration bars denote color-coded intensity range (0–255) which corresponds to blood flow map of each time point. (f) Hematoxylin and eosin-stained histological section of the ovary showing corpora lutei formed after ovulation. Asterix denote corpora lutea. a-e were imaged in-vivo in the imaging window. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3681654_F4_211139.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Histopathological analysis of myocardial tissues from rats in the four groups were examined by HE and GV staining and five random fields were analyzed by microscope (400× magnification) each section (n = 8 per group). GV, gentian violet; HE, hematoxylin and eosin. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4452800_F1_392679.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | REPs are peri-capillary CD73-positive fibroblast-like cells. A kidney section from ISAM-REC (ISAM:R26RtdTomato:Tg-EpoCre) shows ON-REPs expressing EpoGFP (arrowheads, positive for both green and red) in the total REP population (positive for tdTomato fluorescence, red). The nuclei are stained by DAPI (blue). A kidney section from ISAM-REC shows that REPs or CD73-positive fibroblasts are distributed in peri-capillary interstitial spaces but not in peri-arterial interstitial areas of the kidneys. DAPI (blue) is used for nuclear staining in the merged image. Abbreviations: A, artery; V, vein. Scale bar, 100 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_head/train_2638.jpg | What does this image show? | head and face |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/inside_oral/train_1417.jpg | Is squamous cell carcinoma present? | yes |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic23087.jpg | what is the plane? | axial |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3472883_f9-sensors-12-11249_160572.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | The mesh model computed for the laser scanning data shown in Figures 7 and 8. It shows the mesh model produced using the scan data after blasting (a); after shotcrete layer has been applied (b); and a detailed view of the two cases (c). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4233046_Fig2_336509.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner |
Abdominal ultrasonography (AUS), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) findings of the tumor. (a) Abdominal ultrasonography showed the tumor 20 mm in size along the lesser curvature of the stomach. (b) CT scan showed the tumor 20 mm in size at the same lesion. (c) PET-CT showed an FDG hot uptake at the same lesion. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3259034_F2_122107.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT scans of the thoracic spine after first discectomy and decompression. A. complete right sided laminectomy at T6-7 (arrow). B. partial laminectomy at T7-8 (arrow), a fractured right T7 rib (double arrow). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qq1f3r0832bhibea15.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4514649_pone.0133530.g002_409172.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Clinicopathological features of low-grade noninvasive UC with an inverted growth pattern.The cords of LGNUC with an inverted growth pattern were usually thick and irregular (A), and definite fibrovascular cores were observed (B). Nests were usually large and inordinate (C), and mitotic figures, which were common in the superficial or middle layers, were easy to detect (D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4340936_pone.0117029.g004_362428.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Task-related modulation in BOLD signal during the high-load condition relative to the baseline of the attention task.A. Color on the brain images shows task-related increases and decreases in BOLD signal as revealed by GLM-based analyses. The color bar indicates t values. B1, B2, and B3. Color on the brain images shows regions covered by positive, negative, and neutral ICs, respectively. The color bar indicates number of overlapping ICs. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3192658_F1_111582.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Arthroscopic findings of the ankle joint in a 3 month-old infant with septic arthritis of the ankle. A: Arthroscopic findings at the beginning of surgery showed debris (arrow) in the joint space. B: Arthroscopic findings after washout showed no irregularity of the articular cartilage. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4337252_fig03_360996.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | (a) “Growth” as implemented in the model. The arterial lumen (in red) would be remodeled as a consequence of plaque formation and development in time (in yellow). (b) Method for analysis of atheroma area. The left panel shows a representative intravascular ultrasound cross section. The right panel illustrates the boundaries planimetered for the external elastic membrane (EEM) and lumen and how the atheroma area is calculated. Image published by Nicholls et al.49 Copyright Elsevier (2006). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07684.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Magnetic resonance imaging scan of orbits showing atrophy of the superior rectus-levator complex on the right side (red arrow) |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3118192_F1_99566.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Compounds, I and II, induce extreme cytoplasmic vacuolization in U251 glioblastoma cells. Cells were seeded at 500,000 cells in 60 mm dishes. The day after plating, cells were treated with either 1 μM or 10 μM of the indicated compounds. Phase-contrast images were taken 4 h and 24 h after addition of the drugs. The scale bar is 10 microns and applies to all of the panels. The appearance of the cells treated with compounds III and IV was identical to control cultures treated with an equivalent volume of DMSO (not shown). Compound II was selected for further study and was designated MIPP. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4082529_fig11219_303613.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Computerized Brain Scan, Showing Severe Brain Oedema, Hyper-Dense Area After Injection of Meglumine Diaterizoate |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4118154_F2_310569.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Doppler ultrasonography of the pseudoaneurysm. A swirl of colors, which represents the opening of the pseudoaneurysm and its supplying artery, is visible in this color Doppler ultrasonography image. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3211446_F5_114892.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Micrographs of the distributions of nuclei and TiO2 nanoparticles in HeLa cells. (a) the distribution of nuclei (blue), (b) the distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles (red), (c) DIC micrograph, and (d) the merged image of (a), (b), and (c), in which the violet color denotes the co-localization of TiO2 nanoparticles with nuclei. The images displayed at the bottom and right side of (d) were the X-Z and Y-Z profiles measured along the lines marked in the main image, showing the 3D distributions of TiO2 nanoparticles and nuclei. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4147159_Fig2_316029.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. |
Computed tomography scan of inner part of left external auditory canal. An irregular soft tissue lesion seen in the inner part of the left external auditory canal just lateral to the tympanic membrane, soft tissue density is also seen implicating the Prussak’s space, epitympanum, mesotympanum and hypotympanum. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3161971_ppat-1002181-g009_106370.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Histopathology of lung tissue of vaccinates versus non-vaccinated foals following intratracheal challenge with wild type R. equi.Lung specimen of a vaccinated foal showing normal airways (bronchi and bronchioli), blood vessels and alveoli at (A) 25x and (B) 200x magnification. Typical pyogranuloma (5 mm diameter) observed in lung specimens of non-vaccinated control foals at (C) 25x and (D) 200x magnification. The centre of the pyogranuloma consists of necrotic debris, neutrophils and toxic neutrophils with complete loss of lung architecture. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3437018_Fig3_153741.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Subcellular localization of coreTAP. HeLa cells were transiently transfected with coreTAP1-eGFP (a), coreTAP2-mCerulean (b), or a combination of both coreTAP constructs (c), and analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. CoreTAP2-mCerulean was indirectly visualized via its C-terminal StrepII-tag with a StrepII antibody. Organelles were stained with antibodies against marker proteins [ER anti-calreticulin; ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC): anti-ERGIC-53; Golgi: anti-GM130]. Pearson coefficients were calculated from 8 to 10 individual images. Scale bar 10 μm |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2635605_f7-ijms-9-2044_33760.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Confocal microscopy images of HeLa (A, C) and HEK 293 (B, D) cells in 0.5 and 24 hrs after treating with 10 nM GSH-QDs (top row: a-e), 10 nM GSH-QDs and 1.6 ng/mL Hoechst 33342 (middle row: f-j), and 10 nM GSH-QDs and 0.2 nM ER-TrackerTM Green (bottom row: k-o). Hoechst 33342 and ER-TrackerTM Green stain nuclei and endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. Scale bars in figures show 20 μm length. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2275225_F1_19633.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Forelimbs of Ktcn-PITX2 mice exhibit severe bone malformations. (A) X-ray images and Alizarin Red staining of wild type (left panel) and Ktcn-PITX2 (right panel) adult forelimbs. Right panel: Alizarin Red staining of Ktcn-PITX2 forelimb (ventral view) shows a diminished and misplaced deltoid tuberosity. The humerus and radius are malformed. Note the proximal bend of the radius, which results in a posterior misplacement. (B) A Ktcn-PITX2 mouse displays the characteristic forelimb phenotype. Abbreviations: dt, deltoid tuberosity; h, humerus; r, radius; u, ulna. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1077.jpg | Does this image show traumatic bone cyst simple bone cyst? | yes |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1436.jpg | What is metastatic carcinoma x-ray? | ray present |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4458537_fig5_394111.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Doppler imaging. In the upper panel, power Doppler scan depicts the relationship between tumor and middle cerebral artery; this technique is less sensible to insonation angle but cannot represent flow direction and velocity. In the lower panel, color Doppler and spectral Doppler bring information about flow direction and velocity with quantification of the velocity through spectral Doppler. In the right boxes, fusion imaging between ioUS Doppler scan and corresponding preoperative MRI is displayed. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3354680_fig2_138360.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | (a) The micrograph of the kidney section obtained from first filial control rats, magnification ×400. (A) Normal glomerulus. (b) The micrograph of the kidney section obtained from first filial rats treated with fixed-dose combined antituberculous agents, mag ×40. (A) Acute tubular necrosis. (c) The micrograph of the kidney section obtained from first filial rats treated with fixed-dose combined antituberculous agents plus vit C, mag ×40. (A) Acute tubular necrosis. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4214487_f2-ol-08-06-2779_331562.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Computed tomography scan following thrombolytic therapy. (A) Reperfusion of the branches of the (A) right and (B) left pulmonary arteries. (C) Normalization of the diameter of the left and right ventricular cavities. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3935912_F1_269740.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Case 1- a) Initial radiograph of tooth #36. b) Intraoral film showing increased probing depth values in the furcation area. c) A year recall radiograph showing complete healing. Case 2- d) Initial radiograph showing increased bone lesion in the furcation and distal side of the tooth #46. e) Access opening showing mesio-distal crack line in the pulp floor. f) A year recall radiograph showing healing of the bone lesion. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_37786.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Axial MDCTA image through zone 2 in a victim of multiple gunshot injuries to the neck, chest and abdomen. The right superior zone 2 entry wound with associated soft tissue haematoma and oedema is evident. The bullet has traversed the supraglottis and come to lie in the left zone 2 in close proximity to the left internal carotid artery. The bullet has fragmented, with a resultant secondary projectile fragment (red arrowhead) causing fracture disruption of the hyoid bone (blue arrow). Despite the penetrating laryngeal injury, successful intubation has been achieved |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1458960_ppat-0020039-g007_5449.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Electron Microscopy Examination of HIV-1 Assembly and Effects of Vpu and Endocytosis InhibitionHela cells expressing Gag-Pol in the presence or absence of Vpu or Rab5a(S34N) were examined.(A–C) Examples of cells expressing Gag-Pol only, revealing mature particles at both the PM (A and C) and within internal, apparently membrane-bound compartments (arrows in A and B). Immature budding structure are also observed at the PM but only rarely within endosomes.(D) Cells co-expressing Gag-Pol and Vpu with reduced numbers of cell-associated particles, and absence of particles from endosomes.(E and F) Cells co-expressing Gag-Pol and Rab5a(S34N), with exclusively surface-accumulated virions. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3769244_pone-0074299-g002_230722.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Subcellular localization of CLN5 N-glycosylation mutants.Confocal microscopy analysis of cells transiently expressing N-glycosylation mutants of CLN5. HeLa cells were seeded on glass coverslips and transfected with wt CLN5 or mutants. The cells were treated with cycloheximide for 2 h prior to fixation. Different antibodies were used to label specific organelles (A), (B) and (D) Lamp2 for the lysosomes, (C) and (D) Calnexin for the ER, (E) Grasp65 for the Golgi. Cln5 mutants are as indicated. The mouse monoclonal anti-Myc antibody was used to detect CLN5. Original magnification, 1,000×. Bars, 5 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3997946_fig9552_283913.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Chest X-ray and CT Section Images ResultsA. CXR of diffuse bilateral perihilar opacity with extension to periphery of upper and lower lobes; B, C. CT section images, bilateral perihilar alveolar ground glass opacity with extension to periphery of the upper and lower lobes. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0595.jpg | What do histologic features include infiltration with? | formation of lymphoid follicles |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3834151_fig3_244751.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Mattma mice are phenotypically distinct from Flgft/ft mice, with histopathology demonstrating enhanced cutaneous inflammation at 32 weeks. A, Gross phenotype of WT, DM, Mattma/ma, and Flgft/ft mice. Flgft/ft mice are indistinguishable from WT mice, apart from the stubbed tail and shortened ear pinnae, which are phenotypic features shared with the DM mouse. All mice are age-matched homozygous males. B, Representative skin biopsy specimens from WT, DM, Mattma/ma, and Flgft/ft mice at 32 weeks, showing markedly increased cutaneous inflammation in DM and Mattma/ma mice in comparison with that seen in WT and Flgft/ft mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03671.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Aortic angiogram showing presence of a small PDA. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3531380_pone-0052910-g007_175302.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | X-ray films before and after the in vivo ACVC implantation.A, Lateral X-ray film before the ACVC implantation; B, lateral X-ray film 3 weeks after the ACVC implantation; C, lateral X-ray film 6 weeks after the ACVC implantation; D, lateral X-ray film 12 weeks after the ACVC implantation. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4660684_Fig10_447994.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Scutellarin enhanced TNF-α expression in astrocytes after MCAO. TNF-α expression (red) was absent in astrocytes in the sham (A1–3). It was induced in GFAP positive astrocytes (green) at 3 and 7 days (B1–3) after MCAO, but the expression subsided at 14 days (D1–3). In MCAO rats treated with scutellarin (C1–3, E1–3). TNF-á expression in astrocytes was markedly enhanced being most pronounced at 7 days when compared with the matching MCAO control groups (B1–3, D1–3). Scale bars: 50 µm. DAPI-blue
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data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1784.jpg | Does all the fat necrosis show infarction and hemorrhage well shown? | no |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_19898.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Restored vascularisation after stenting the axillary artery. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic55317.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | medulloblastoma |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4305221_Fig2_352710.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented |
Partial metaphase FISH using probes for BCR (green) and ABL (red) showed 4 copies of BCR/ABL in this case, three copies on Ph chromosome and one on der(9). Abbreviations: # = chromosome; der = derivative chromosome. |
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