image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC4006574_fig1_285084.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Intrarenal tumor of the right kidney. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4693014_fig1_456930.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Axial images of MRI of the brain showing multiple confluent foci of T2-weighted FLAIR hyperintensity involving the inferior right and left frontal lobes, as well as periventricular regions (a-b). Hyperintensities are also seen in the left corona radiata (c-d). These areas are representative CNS demyelination. Several foci had restricted diffusion. There was no flow-limiting stenosis, occlusion, or aneurysm in intracranial and extracranial circulations. Images progress superiorly to inferiorly from (a) through (d). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3943078_F1_271766.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Brain CT scan before extraction of ventriculoperitoneal shunt |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4331820_F5_359497.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Mixed type iCCA. T2-weighted axial (a), MRCP (b), T1-weighted axial (c) and post contrast T1-weighted axial (d) images demonstrating a predominantly periductal thickening (stricturing iCCA) and also mass forming (arrow) in the right lobe liver. Note the separation of the right intrahepatic ducts on MRCP (arrowheads). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2956549_F4_76188.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Activities of Atppc1-4 promoters in different organs. Histochemical localization of GUS reporter gene expression in rosette leaf (A, E, I, M), root (B, F, J, N), flower buds (C, G, K, O), and mature pollen (D, H, L, P) driven by the Atppc1 (A-D), Atppc2 (E-H), Atppc3 (I-L), or Atppc4 (M-P) promoter. Bars = 0.5 mm in A, C, E, G, I, K, M, and O; 50 μm in B and N; 100 μm in F and J; and 10 μm in D, H, L, and P. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0756.jpg | Is viral DNA incorporated into the host nucleus? | yes |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4450275_fig2_391637.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Intravascular ultrasound images of plaque in a rabbit model at baseline (left images) and during peak enhancement (right images) in both the original fundamental mode (top images) and SHI frequency filtered images (bottom images). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3718819_pone-0065917-g003_219353.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Confocal microscopy of mRNA localization in axons.(A,D) Double-label immunofluorescence shows Syto labeling in cell bodies (nuclear) and co-localization of mRNA (Syto, green) with an axonal marker (SMI-31, red). Green puncta (Syto) that are not co-labeled correspond to localization within dendrites. (Inset – expanded for more clear visualization). (B, E) Immunofluorescence of mRNA (Syto, green). (C,F) Immunofluorescence of axonal marker only (SMI-31, red). Bar is 50 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3702205_F2_215815.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Confocal microscopy demonstrates constitutive membrane localization of Akt1 PH domain-EGFP fusion proteins under serum starved conditions in E17K, L52R, C77F, and Q79K mutants |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4594685_fig10_430062.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Double staining of U-937 cells sections with antibodies directed against PECAM-1 (green) and ICAM-1 (red), followed by fluorescence after 4 hrs of treatment. (A–C) control sections (D–F) RT (G–I) RT+IFX. Result show representative picture of four to six slides. Original magnification, ×100. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3697400_fig3_214838.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Overlapping brain areas with alterations in functional connectivity with the left primary visual cortex (a) and the right primary visual cortex (b) are shown for amblyopic individuals (cluster size larger than 70 voxels). The details of the regions can be found in Table 2. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3214887_F3_115426.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Cryo-scanning electron microscopy images showing abnormal ovule development in Capsicum annuum genotypes. A-F, Abnormalities detected in the three genotypes were excessive integument growth (A), or carpelloid proliferation of integuments and or the incomplete coverage of the nucellus (B), integuments failing to cover the nucellus (C). In some, ovule structures the integuments partially recurved (D) or were absent (E). Some ovule primordia lacked chalaza and nucellus specification (F). Bar = 100 μm. Genotypes Orlando, Bruinsma Wonder and Line 3 grown at 20/18°C D/N were used for observation. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4381569_fig1_373916.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Porcine cloned blastocysts developed from nuclear-transferred oocytes reconstituted with adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells undergoing trichostatin A- (TSA-) dependent epigenomic modulation (photographs (a) and (b)) or not undergoing TSA-dependent epigenomic modulation (photographs (c) and (d)). Images were taken at magnification ×200. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwy7dnqo086uhnyj96b9.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic39649.jpg | was the ct scan taken with contrast? | yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gl3s3sn071u6jb8eyyl.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3844222_fig1_246751.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | (a) PET-CT. Strong linear FDG uptake along the right brachial plexus was found, which had not been seen on PET-CT performed 2 months ago (white arrow). (b) Cervical spine MRI with contrast enhancement. The trunk of the right brachial plexus on the level of C5 and C6 were thickened with heterogeneous enhancement, suggesting lymphoma infiltration. (c) Follow-up PET-CT. Right brachial plexus invasion was improved after chemoradiotherapy, but new lesions were seen in right temporal base, right sciatic nerve, and right adrenal gland. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2890921_F0001_67152.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Axial CT scans show the tailgut cyst as a round, sharply-marginated lesion (arrow) with fluid contents, displacing the anal canal to the left, with a smaller peripheral cyst (arrowhead in B) seen anterior and inferior to the larger cyst |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3203914_F0001_113527.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of rat liver sections during the pathogenesis of NDMA-induced hepatic fibrosis (a) Control liver (×125). (b) NDMA, day-7 (×250). Severe congestion and hemorrhagic necrosis. (c) NDMA, day 14 (×250). Severe neutrophilic infiltration and fatty changes. (d) NDMA, day 21 (×125). Marked hepatic fibrosis (arrow) and deposition of collagen fibers. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3328163_fig14_134197.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | 24-year-old woman presented with dense right hemiparesis and seizure. (a) Initial axial diffusion weighted MR images show an extensive area of diffusion restriction in the left basal ganglia and insular cortex. There is also a small area of restricted diffusion in the left corona radiate (arrow). Staphylococcus was grown from her peripheral blood culture, and she was treated for bacterial endocarditis. (b) Axial unenhanced CT images 3 weeks later show extensive hemorrhage within the area of the initial infarction. Stage IIH d2 [1]. (c) MR angiogram shows occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery, consistent with hemorrhagic transformation of the initial stroke. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC1526591_F3_6363.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Signs of synovitis on ultrasonography and MRI in fourth proximal interphalangeal joint: early RA. Arrows indicate an area with synovitis. Ultrasonography in (a) the longitudinal plane from the dorsal aspect shows signs of synovitis (grade 4). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (b) before and (c) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4255054_fig1_341462.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Patient's skeletal survey in favor of hypochondroplasia. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4685085_fig5_454726.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Immunohistochemical staining of Bcl-xL, Bax, Caspase-3, Bad, PTEN, pAKT, and Western blot test on selected proteins (Caspase-3/cleaved, Bcl-XL, and Bax). Upper: immunohistochemical staining (×400). Left: Western blot. Groups: A: NS, B: 5-FU, C: 0.5 mg/kg, D: 1.0 mg/kg, and E: 1.5 mg/kg. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_endocrine/train_1488.jpg | Does this image show thyroid, follicular adenoma? | yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63460.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Abdominal CT scan with subcapsular hematoma and active bleeding. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4406579_pone.0125641.g002_379944.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | LNCaP microaggregates are more resistant to docetaxel compared to cells grown as monolayers.LNCaP cells (50,000 cells/well) were treated with docetaxel over 48 hrs (A) or 72 hrs (B) at day 2 of growth either in 2D and 3D. Alamar blue was used to assess cell viability. Mean +/- SE, n = 4 biological replicates *P<0.05; the data shown is representative of three independent experiments. (C) Phase contrast images show the effects of docetaxel after 72 hrs on the morphology of the microaggregates (3D) compared to cells grown in monolayer (2D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3044528_F2_88032.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Histopathologic appearance of renal biopsy sample from 54-year-old mink farmer in Denmark who had been exposed to Aleutian mink disease parvovirus−infected mink for 34 years (patient 2). A) Glomeruli with hypercellularity and crescents. Original magnification ×20. B) Electron microscopy showing distinct extracellular deposits of coarse 20-nm fibrils (microtubular structures) characterized as immunotactoid glomerulopathy. Original magnification ×100,000. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_69847.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Postoperative upper GI series demonstrating extravasation of contrast at the most proximal aspect of the staple line |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4477297_Fig2_399037.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Histological examination showed pancreatic tissues distributed along the wall of the bile duct. a: The pancreatic tissues consisted of acinar cells and duct elements [hematoxylin and eosin (HE), ×4]; b: The acinar cells contained eosinophilic granules (HE, ×20) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3314004_pone-0032347-g003_131740.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Higher expression of the macrophage marker CD14+, the M2 marker CD163+ and DC-Sign in the lesion.Immunohistochemical stainings of egg donation placentas. In the left panel serial slides with no lesion present and in the right panel serial slides with the lesion present in the chorionic plate. From top to bottom are depicted the stainings H&E, Cytokeratin-7, CD56+, CD8+, CD14+ and CD163+. We observed a higher expression of the macrophage marker CD14+ and the M2 marker CD163+. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4038827_F2_292946.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen. (A) CT showed a mass shadow in the ileocecal valve with a maximum size of 2.90 × 3.22 cm (yellow arrow). (B) CT showed the rectum expanded with fat density and space inside a shadow (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3991485_f2-etm-07-05-1393_282219.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | MRI scans revealed a heterogeneously cystic-solid mass with a size of 4.8×5.0×5.5 cm in the right lateral ventricle without peritumoral edema. (A–D) Noncontrast-enhanced MRI scans revealed that the solid area of the tumor was isointense on T1WIs, diffusion WIs and on an apparent diffusion coefficient map, and iso- to hypointense on T2WIs. (E) The tumoral parenchyma and septum demonstrated evident enhancement following the injection of gadolinium contrast media. (F) Pathological examination revealed excessive psammoma body formation (hematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×400). MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; WIs, weighted images. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3898275_f0040_260240.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Absence of synuclein pathology in 23-month old A30P transgenic animals. A diffuse cytosolic α-synuclein immunostaining was seen in neuronal cells of the anterior olfactory nucleus and granular cell layer of the olfactory bulb with antibody LB509 (A), but not by Syn-1 (C), or pSyn #64 against the phosphorylated α-syn (E). Magnification in A-F × 40, inserts show higher-power magnified image × 200. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3814282_f2-rado-47-04-370_240457.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Peristomal skin tumor infiltration from gastric cancer at the ileostomy site. Baseline clinical presentation (A, B). The histological examination (E.E.) showed a dermal infiltration of neoplastic cells with atypical and eccentric nuclei, with nucleoli and pale cytoplasm and a signet ring aspect (C), immunoreaction for CAM5.2 (D). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2878681_fig2_65304.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Endosonography-guided pancreatic duct drainage (ESPD): (a) endosonographic image, (b, c) X-ray image, and (d) endoscopic image. The PD was punctured via the body of the stomach with a 19-gauge needle (arrow) (a, b). A 7.2 F nasopancreatic duct drainage catheter (arrow) was placed (c, d). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3471425_fig3_160130.jpg | What is shown in this image? | (a) A large nodular lesion involving pylorus was observed at the antrum. (b) Follow-up endoscopy showed luminal stenosis, but without obstructive symptoms. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4019636_pone-0097514-g005_288135.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Electron micrographs of S. aureus FtsZ polymers in the absence and in the presence of berberine and compound 1–2.(A) vehicle (1% DMSO). (B) 200 µM of berberine. (C) 8.8µM of compound 1. (D) 4 µM of compound 2. The length of the scale bar is 1000 nm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2630722_F1_33095.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Ulcer with purulent discharge located on the skull (A) and on the back at first examination (B) and 17 days after topical treatment with miltefosine was initiated (C). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2740098_fig-002_45316.jpg | What is shown in this image? | 18FDG PET/CT showing the thyroid incidentaloma in sagital (a), coronal (b) and axial (d) view. Image (c) shows the right thyroid cyst on the CT scan. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4527837_pone.0134276.g001_412872.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Gross and microscopic pathology of the IC3752 pediatric glioma tumor.(A-B) Formalin fixed IC3752 pGBM tissue, characterized as a yellowish gray and poorly demarcated mass, with multifocal areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. (C-E) Histological examination revealed poorly demarcated, unencapsulated, and invasive neoplasms (E) characterized by marked cell atypia, a high mitotic index (black arrows) (C), and multifocal areas of necrosis (asterisks) and hemorrhage (plus sign) (D). T = Tumor, B = normal brain. Scale bar = 200 μm (C-D). Scale bar = 400 μm (E). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3411685_pone-0042197-g004_148336.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | HCMV infection disrupts the actin microfilament network within the tissue.(A) Tissues were infected at an MOI of 10 and morphological changes of cells were observed by GFP fluorescence and brightfield microscopy of live cells at 24 and 48 hpi. (B) Model tissues were mock treated, infected using ADgfp or UV-treated ADgfp and fixed at 24 hpi. Changes in the actin microfilament network were assayed by fluorescence labeling. Actin was detected using phalloidin (red), infected cells were identified by GFP expression, and nuclei by DAPI (blue). Tissue orientation is indicated by the double arrow. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4681147_Fig1_453769.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Electroanatomic reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary artery was performed using the EnSite Velocity Cardiac Mapping System, and a merger was made with a formatted image obtained by performing cardiac computed tomography angiography |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2731087_F2_44188.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Venous tributaries. Volume rendered reconstruction and multiplanar reformatting in 3 orthogonal planes displaying the coronary sinus and venous tributaries. Ao = Aorta; CS = Coronary Sinus; GCV = Great cardiac Vein; LA = Left Atrium; LLV = Left Lateral Vein; LV = Left Ventricle; PIV = Posterior Interventricular Vein; RA = Right Atrium; RCA = Right Coronary Artery; RV = Right Ventricle. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2842892_fig6_59963.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Endoscopy of UH-OCT. The upper image is the OB and the lower image shows the histology of the area. (Taken from P. Hsiung, L. Pantanowitz, et al. (2005) http://www.med.upenn.edu/bmbgrad/Program/course_descriptions/BMB_620/10212005_chen.pdf.) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4395187_fig07_377653.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | The expression of proteins involved in peroxisomal β-oxidation is more intense in PIN lesions and prostate tumour samples. Immunohistochemical expression of metabolic-related proteins in benign tissue (BT), PIN lesions (PIN), prostate tumour tissue (TT) and metastatic tissue (MT; 200× magnification). Images are shown with a magnification of 200×. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv08zx4074yhidlh8k8.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | Z-line |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3322051_F2_133199.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Results of biopsy analysis of tissue sample from eschar on the left leg of patient admitted for treatment of scrub typhus–like symptoms, Chile. A) Leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Hematoxylin and eosin stained; original magnification ×200, inset ×400. B) Endothelial cell, showing nucleus (N) within the cytoplasm (C, inset). Arrows show similar round and oval organisms, electron-dense, surrounded by electron-lucent halo of rickettsial type microorganisms. Electron microscopy; original magnification ×15,000, inset ×20,000. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1156.jpg | What does this image show? | lung |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0997.jpg | What is present in the center of the field? | an atypical mitotic figure |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC524185_F1_690.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Composite image showing an angiographic right anterior oblique projection of the left coronary system (Panel B) and two intravascular ultrasound images (Panels A&C) before the intervention. Dotted line shows the approximate location of the IVUS slices. An eccentric plaque is visible in the proximal left anterior descending artery (Panel B), with some haziness at the distal end. IVUS confirms the presence of the plaque (Panel A) and shows a bulky, partially organized, thrombus (Panel C) loosely attached to the distal end of the plaque. No signs of plaque rupture are visible. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3970149_viruses-06-01253-f005_277440.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Live cell and confocal microscopy of the sub-cellular localization of fluorescent fusion proteins: AcGFP-NR151–70, AcGFP-NR161–80, AcGFP-NR171–90, AcGFP-NR181–100. The PEDV fusion peptides are colored green and the B23.1 fusion protein colored red. Merged images are also presented. The nucleolus (No) is arrowed where appropriate. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2630304_F1_33078.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | a) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and glandular structures (H & E; original magnification 400×); b) immunostaining showing neoplastic cells positive for CD20 (original magnification 400×). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2856915_fig4_62471.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | The rough eye phenotype provides a convenient surrogate marker for neurotoxicity. The normal compound eye (a) exhibits a regular array of corneal lenses (ommatidia) that are disrupted when toxic proteins are expressed during development. The assessment of eye roughness allows the investigator to look for modifiers of, for example, Aβ (b), tau (c) and polyQ (d) toxicity [58]. Copyright is retained by the Genetics Society of America. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4668653_Fig1_450091.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Pre- and post-contrast axial images from CT urography (a and b) as well as axial and sagittal images acquired during the delayed excretory phase (c and d) demonstrate an irregular enhancing soft tissue mass arising along the anterior bladder at the level of the suprapubic catheter and extending along the catheter tract to the skin surface (arrows in a–c). There is infiltration of the anterior abdominal wall (open arrows in b). A low density component of the mass (arrow in d) likely represents intralesional mucin |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glvs4zj071uh60z79xm.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic54956.jpg | which image modality is this? | mr - flair |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4570882_Fig1_423786.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. |
a Radiographs demonstrating medial condyle fracture nonunion of the femur. b computed tomography demonstrating the details of the fracture nonunion |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxux8zu4074yc3afaavx.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4023534_F10_289418.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Representative liver images from SPM-treated mice. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 indicate individual mice (n = 6) bearing 4Tl primary tumors with a diameter of 1–2 mm. Red arrows indicate metastatic foci in the liver. (Scale bar: 200 μm). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2330.jpg | Does this show wrights very good example? | no |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic33070.jpg | what organ system is imaged? | spine and contents |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3001441_pone-0014292-g002_80963.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Confocal microscopy images of POPG GUVs filled with the dye HPTS (green).The quencher DPX was present on the outside of the vesicles. The GUV membrane was stained with DOPE-Rhodamine (red). The consecutive images (time stamp in seconds) show the kinetics of dye efflux from a single GUV. These data are also presented as a movie (see Movie S1). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3522527_F2_173033.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Effect of CPV in Homo sapiens skin keratinocyte (HEK001) ATCC CRL-2404™ cell monolayer. (a), normal HEK001 keratinocyte cell monolayer; (b), HEK001 keratinocyte cell monolayer treated with equal volume of DMSO used in CPV treatment; (c), HEK001 keratinocyte cell monolayer exhibiting cytotoxic effect caused by SDS (25 μg/mL); (d), HEK001 keratinocyte cell monolayer treated with 0.1% CPV; (e), HEK001 keratinocyte cell monolayer treated with 0.2% CPV. Magnification , x400 |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz3doqk086uapeed55t.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4280985_f5-etm-09-02-0619_347822.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Morphological changes in the hepatic tissues of mice in the normal control (G1), model control (G2), positive control (G3), ephedrine alkaloid (G4), ephedra polysaccharide (G5) and ephedra non-alkaloid (G6) groups following hematoxylin and eosin staining (magnification, ×100). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3555818_pone-0055080-g001_181513.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Electron micrographs of morphological changes of cortical neurons after cerebral I/R injury.(A) N, nucleus; Broad arrows represent autophagosomes; Narrow arrows represent mitochondria. (B) Quantitative analysis of the nubmeber of autophagosomes. Three animals in each group and 10 fields for each animal were examined. *p<0.05 versus sham group. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3184160_pone-0025692-g003_110629.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | A and B show intrasplenic (*) and intrahepatic (LMet) growing tumors 26 days after intrasplenic injection of C15A3 colon tumor cells.A and B were acquired 4 hours after i.v. injection of 100 µl ExiTron nano 12000. B, C, and D illustrate contrast enhancement of the abdominal and mediastinal lymph nodes (LN) and of the adrenal glands (AdrG). C was acquired 4 hours after i.v. injection of 100 µl ExiTron nano 12000; D was acquired 22 days after i.v. injection of 100 µl ExiTron nano 12000. Micro-CT scanning parameters: 40 sec scan time; 190° rotation; 1200 projections; voxel size 41×41×55 µm3. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_lungs/train_1378.jpg | What is present? | respiratory |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4088914_F3_304653.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | MRI of the intracranial hemangioma in one case with a huge intracranial hemangioma before and after treatment. (A) Exophthalmos of the right eye and a huge intracranial hemangioma. (B) Reduction of exophthalmos of the right eye, and regression of the intracranial hemangioma. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3019107_pbio-1000574-g001_83921.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | MSL3-GFP targets to the periphery of chromosomes in live embryonic cultured cells expressing MSL3-GFP and His2AvDmRFP1 at different stages of the cell cycle.For all pseudo-colored images: RFP1, cyan; GFP, magenta. (A–F) Rows from top to bottom: interphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase (side view), and anaphase (cross-section view). Columns from left to right: His2AvDmRFP1-labeled chromatin, MSL3-GFP, superimposed mRFP1 (cyan) and GFP (magenta) signals, 3-fold higher magnification of the labeled X chromosome arm. All images were deconvolved. Bars: 1 µm – (F, third column), G, H, I; 0.5 µm – (F, last column). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2853085_fig1_61724.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Representative staining for immunohistochemistry of EGFR, Her-2 and ErbB3 in prostate cancer tissues. (A, C) Low and moderate EGFR and phospho-EGFR cytoplasmic staining, respectively. (B, D) EGFR and phospho-EGFR strong cytoplasmic immunostaining, respectively. (E, G) Low and moderate staining for Her-2 and phospho-Her-2, respectively. (F) Strong cytoplasmic Her-2 staining. (H) Strong cytoplasmic staining with nuclear staining for phospho-Her-2. (I) Moderate cytoplasmic ErbB3 staining. (J) Strong cytoplasmic and moderate nuclear ErbB3 staining. Each individual marker is indicated. Magnification × 20. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3997895_fig4_283895.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | photograph of a spiral ganglion slice of an animal in Group D (40 × 10). Arrow indicates a lesion in which infiltration of inflammatory cells is obvious. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3936898_F2_269994.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Computed Tomography angiography. 2D parasagittal scan view of CoA (a); 2D CoA diameters (b), 2D aortic diameters at the diaphragm level (c); 3D volume-rendered reconstruction of the thoracic aorta showing significant tortuosity and no developed collateral circulation (d). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4092352_F2_305244.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Pelvic scan with injection of product of contrast. (a) Axial and (b) sagittal section showing a tumor mass in the cervical region (arrows) enhanced by the product of contrast. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4079672_pone-0101391-g003_303034.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Eotaxin-3 immunostaining of esophageal biopsy specimens.(A) Normal squamous epithelium shows no eotaxin-3 immunostaining. (B) Eotaxin-3 labels epithelial cells with variable intensity in biopsies with esophageal eosinophilia. (C) High power magnification (1000x) identifies a granular cytoplasmic staining that is perinuclear. (D) Eosinophils also showed eotaxin-3 immunostaining, but were readily identified by their morphological features and excluded from quantification. Arrows indicate eosinophils with eotaxin-3 labeling. The isolated arrowhead in the bottom left indicates a squamous epithelial cell with weak perinuclear labeling. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_59182.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Ligation and division at the confluence of the great saphenous vein with the femoral vein. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_57418.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Three-month follow-up radiographs showing fracture healing in anatomic alignment. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3312262_fig4_131473.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Increased actin stress fibers in HaCaT cells transiently transfected with hCKIγ2 siRNAs. HaCaT cells transiently transfected with siRNA control or siRNAs targeting two independent coding regions of hCKIγ2 (R1, R2) were subjected to actin staining using phalloidin-coupled to AlexaFluor 488. Pictures were taken at 63X. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1457.jpg | Is chronic ischemia present? | no |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_49584.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | The knee region MRI showing extensive enhancing solid mass with nodule components, infiltrating the muscular components of anterior and posterior lower thigh with intra-articular extension and bony cortical defect at lateral femoral condyle. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4355589_pone.0116831.g003_365861.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Phase contrast radiography of human sciatic nerve in axial (a) and longitudinal sections (b).Dose in each radiographic image was 0.2 μGy. Detail of the axial section is shown in (c), with the corresponding optical microscope image in (d). Phase contrast radiography shows nerve fascicles (nf), arterioles (thin arrow), venules (thick arrow), epineurium (solid square), perineurium (ellipse) and nerve fibers (hollow square). For validation of the structures, the corresponding optical microscope image is shown in (d). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4661848_ijms-16-25989-f003_448356.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Cell viability assay. Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit for mammalian cells (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). (A) One-day cell culture; (B) three-day cell culture; (C) seven-day cell culture; and (D) control scaffold without cells to exclude natural collagen fluorescence. Live cells are green (objective, ×4). Scale bars represent 200 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4493512_jfb-06-00277-f005_403504.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Treatment of corneal haze with nanoparticles. Corneal haze was developed in rabbit corneas using −9.0 diopter photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with excimer laser. Representative stereomicroscopy (A,B) and slit-lamp (C,D) images of laser-ablated rabbit corneas that received a single 5 min topical application of PEI2-AuNPs nanoparticle transfection solution without BMP7 (A,C) or with BMP7 expressing gene (B,D) obtained four weeks after PRK. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4618885_Fig8_436531.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Oxalate-treated mice generated undifferentiated and highly aggressive tumors. H&E staining of two representative sections of both non-cancerous breast tissue (a and b) and breast mice tumor tissues (d and e), generated after treatment with oxalate, are shown. Panels c and f are enlargements of the areas delimited in panels b and e respectively. Panel f mitotic figures (arrowheads) and abnormal epithelial breast duct cells (arrow) are marked. A total of 13 tumors and of 13 non-tumor tissues were examined. In all cases, animals treated with oxalate generated malignant, undifferentiated tumors with the characteristics of fibrosarcoma of the breast. Scale bar 50 μm |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4555166_f3_419274.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Scanning electron microscopy of silicified cells.(a) Microvilli-like structures on the surface of HepG2, iPS(IMR90)-4, and WA07 cells in 2D culture and in 3D NFC hydrogel culture. (b) Extracellular matrix-like material on a HepG2 cell spheroid in the NFC hydrogel for 8 days. (c) Silica-replicas of WA07 spheroids (5 days in the NFC hydrogel) after calcination. Images are representative of eight biological samples. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3154259_pone-0022766-g003_104880.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Brain stem lesions (arrows) on MRI of multiple sclerosis (MS).(A, B) MRI showing solitary pons lesion with sharply defined borders. (C) MRI showing midbrain lesions. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4470086_Fig1_397507.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Radiological and intraoperative findings of the presented case of spontaneous acute spinal subdural hematoma. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed an isointensive lesion situated at the T9 level, ventral to the spinal cord (A). T2-weighted magnetic resonance images showed the lesion was a well-demarcated, oval-shaped extramedullary mass at the T9 level (B, C). An emergency laminectomy from T8 to T10 was performed and only a hematoma was found during the operation (D) and it was successfully evacuated (E). Postoperative sagittal T1-weighted contrast enhanced (F) and T2-weighted (G) magnetic resonance imaging showed total removal of that hematoma. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2778135_fig3_50981.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | 2nd MRI, 3 1/2 months after onset of symptoms, 3 days post-HAART cessation. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3846746_F4_247173.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | IQGAP1 is required for activation of cytoskeletal ERK1/2. (A) IQGAP1 knock down interferes with filamentous localization of phospho-ERK1/2. A7r5 cells on coverslips transfected with siRNA directed against IQGAP1 were stimulated with DPBA or FCS. After fixing, cells were co-stained for IQGAP1 (red channel) and phospho-ERK1/2 (green channel); filamentous actin was stained with Alexa350-phalloidin (blue channel). The panels show representative images from one out of three independent experiments. (B) The same images as in (A) shown in black and white for enhanced contrast. Scale bar, 20 μm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4016648_F3_287547.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | MRI of this case. A significant cerebellar tonsillar hernia (a), Syringomyelia from C1 to T4 (b), disappearance of humeral head and swollen soft tissue of the surrounding of the joint (c and d). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyrdofs086uax1b2tdy.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | No |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4042273_F2_293640.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | 3D QALAS T1 maps (left) and T2 maps (right) of 13 slices for a healthy volunteer. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic55450.jpg | what organ system is shown in this ct scan? | skull and contents |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4691467_fig7_456593.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | X-ray findings at last follow-up, 6 months after surgery. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3601997_F4_192990.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | A Color Doppler imaging of the TEE four-chamber view showing a VSD. B Occluder was deployed with left and right disc in right position. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4437183_fig01_387776.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Case 1. (a) CT after the VP shunt had been placed and 2 months before this admission. (b) MRI on admission. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) shows abnormal hyperintensities in the trigones of both lateral ventricles, suggesting debris (left panel). T2-weighted imaging (central panel) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging (right panel) show abnormal periventricular intensities. (c) Postoperative MRI. DWI shows disappearance of hyperintense lesion in the ventricles. Hydrocephalus has resolved. A metallic artifact from the shunt system is present in the right frontal region. VP, ventriculoperitoneal. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1208937_F4_3150.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Three-dimensional power Doppler angiography of the uterine blood supply. A three-dimensional dataset containing power Doppler information has been acquired from the uterus. VOCAL has then been used to define the myometrial-endometrial border and to apply a shell 5 mm outside of that contour to define the sub-endometrium, which can be clearly seen to be more vascular than the endometrium itself. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4441990_fig1_389127.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | (a) Adenocarcinoma diagnosed via endoscopic biopsy (H&E, ×100). (b) Adenocarcinoma extending from the mucosa to the serous surface (H&E, ×100). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_70950.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Implantation of a second stent at fracture site. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3195779_fig2_112084.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Sagittal TSE T2-weighted (a) and sagittal STIR (b) of the thoracolumbar spine in a 56-year-old man referred for PV for severe back pain following a fall. VCFs are noted at T8 (white dashed arrow) and T12 (continuous white arrow). There is prominent STIR hyperintensity at T12 without significant marrow edema at T8. The patient was symptomatic over T12 on palpation. This level was cemented with complete resolution of symptoms. |
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