image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03476.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Postoperative radiographs. The postoperative anteroposterior (A) and lateral (B) radiographs revealed that the dislodged bone cement had been removed. Good correction of spinal alignment was achieved by fibular allograft implantation and posterior pedicle screw fixation. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4163429_fig5_320058.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | MR images obtained in a 68-year-old woman for workup of metastasis. Contrast-enhanced dynamic 3D radial GRE using KWIC during hepatic arterial dominant phase imaging comprised four subframe images. The full-frame 3D radial GRE (a) image shows homogenous enhancement in the portal vein, but not in the hepatic vein. The first subframe image (b) obtained at 5-second temporal resolution demonstrates minimal portal venous enhancement with laminar flow (arrow). On the next serial three subframe images ((c)–(e)), the portal vein and hepatic parenchyma have gradually increasing enhancement. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4670251_F5_450563.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Comparison between cone beam CT images (A,B,C), and panoramic radiograph (A) of the same patient’s mandible. Sagittal (A), axial (B) and para-panoramic reconstructions revealed a posterior accessory branch of mental nerve emerging through an accessory mental foramen. Only the mental foramen is visualized with panoramic radiography (D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3469351_F1_159834.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Microscopic image of primary renal cell carcinoma. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain at 20× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3158752_F5_105658.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | High parasitic burden in a positive dog with conjunctivitis and oedema. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3798302_pone-0076119-g002_238352.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | RF ablation of a HCC in a 64-year-old man with hepatitis B–related liver cirrhosis.(a) T2-weighted and (b) Arterial phase pretreatment MR images show tumor as a small 27-mm hyperintense nodule on a, with intense arterial enhancement on b. (c) Arterial and (d) portal venous phase CT images obtained 1 month after treatment show an irregular contrast enhancement found inside the ablation zone Findings are consistent with incomplete ablation (IA). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2394536_F3_23216.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Lectin histochemical staining of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and ductal carcinoma in situ.A) Cytospin slides of MDA-MB-231 cells, which were grown in vitro and harvested using enzyme-free buffer. The negative control and staining with GS-I and VVA are shown. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line shows cytoplasmic staining with both lectins and did not show any staining in the absence of the lectins (Negative). 40× Magnification. B) Staining of normal breast tissues and tumor samples of different nuclear grade with VVA and GS-I lectins. 20× magnification, bar equals 50 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08095.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | The completed result with the XB-3 guiding catheter well aligned demonstrating the final result. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3395181_fig4_144746.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | (a) Swelling of the mandible of 2-month duration. (b) Mandibular occlusal radiograph showing intact cortical plate and periosteal bone formation (arrows). (c) On surgical exposure, bony lesion seen. (d) Bone removed for biopsy. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic49990.jpg | what is abnormal in the ct scan? | fracture dislocation at c6-c7. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2983082_F0001_78579.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Radiograph showing, well-defined lytic, eccentric, expansile lesion with sclerotic rim in the epimetaphyseal region at the lower end of femur |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3843563_F2_246686.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Cardiovascular phenotypes of the present case. Imaging studies from a 3D-reconstructed CT scan (A) and echocardiographies (B and C) are shown. The case had abnormally dilated the aortic root (A, B) and the patent ductus arteriosus (arrows in A and C). Note that, in panel C, the shunt flows are present across the ductus. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glhs4gz071u8nte4r4w.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvg90no074yhcyb0sj6.jpg | How many findings are present? | 2 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4467671_Fig4_396899.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | The expression of the phospho-NF-κB p65 subunit in lung tissues of different groups was detected by immunofluorescence staining under laser scanning confocal microscopy (magnification, ×400). a Group S; b, group M; c, group D1; d, group D2; e, group B1; f, group B2; and g, Group B3. Cells positive for phospho-NF-κB p65 were stained green, with the sections counterstained with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) to visualize nuclei. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2322833_ppat-1000054-g004_20336.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Electron micrographs of the P10 fractions of SARS-CoV-infected cells.Immunogold labeling of the P10 fraction of SARS-CoV-infected (A, B) or uninfected (C) Vero-E6 cells using rabbit antisera recognizing nsp3 (A, C) or nsp4 (B) was followed by negative staining. The white arrow indicates a part of the specimen clearly showing double membranes. Scale bar: 500 nm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4264373_biosensors-04-00090-f003_344276.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Surface topography mapped using scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the MIP (A and B) and REF film (C and D) coated on Au/quartz prepared in LC or aqueous media, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4109205_f01_308382.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | In A, posteroanterior chest X-ray showing a radiopaque triangular image in the
right upper lobe determining cranial, fissural, and hilar retraction, suggestive
of atelectasis. In B, coronal proton emission tomography and CT fusion images of
two oval nodes with increased radiotracer uptake. One of the images represents a
right upper lobe paramediastinal mass, which occluded the right upper lobe
bronchus and therefore caused atelectasis. The other image represents a lesion in
the right paratracheal lymph node station. Although the image was suggestive of
lymph node enlargement, histopathological examination revealed a
schwannoma. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzddp1k086uai6ke9bz.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 1 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4344177_f1-mjhid-7-1-e2015025_363004.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | a,b,c,d. Sagittal and axial FSE T2w images at the onset of symptoms (a,c) and after 5 months (b,d). MR images obtained at the onset of symptoms show a diffuse hyperintensity of the dorsal spinal cord gray matter (arrows in a and c). After 5 months MRI shows only a linear residual hyperintensity involving the posterior spinal cord gray matter (arrows in b and d) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3579774_pone-0057046-g004_187150.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | In vivo MRI of transplanted islets labeled with TMADM-03.
A. T1-weighted images of unlabeled islets (1000 IEs) transplanted into the left kidney capsule. B. T2-weighted images of unlabeled islets (1000 IEs) transplanted into the left kidney capsule. C. T1-weighted images of islets (1000 IEs) that were labeled with TMADM-03 and transplanted into the left kidney capsule. D. T2-weighted images of islets (1000 IEs) that were labeled with TMADM-03 and transplanted into the left kidney capsule. The arrows show transplanted grafts. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3806513_fig1_239049.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | (a) Contrast-enhanced CT shows a low-density mass containing coarse and round calcifications in early phase (40 s). Cystic lesions are not evident. (b) The mass is slightly enhanced in delayed phase (180 s). (c) 3D-CT shows eggshell-like calcifications within the tumor (arrows). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3997021_F6_283448.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Activation maps of the spatial distribution of the task-related BOLD response in each of the three age groups, 8 year olds (8), 12 year olds (12) and adults (A), presented in the axial plane in radiological orientation. Signal intensity is represented in the color scale. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4619638_pone.0140728.g004_436933.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Smooth muscle content in the corpus cavernosum.Representative images from rats in the control, 4-week, 12-week and 24-week groups were shown. Smooth muscle and connective tissue are stained with red and blue, respectively, using the trichrome method. The smooth muscle content was higher in control group than in 12-week and 24-week groups. Magnification is x100. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3703529_F5_216273.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Comparison of GFP fluorescence in root-knots of a M. incognita infected PSUC2:GFP plant (A–D) and a PDR5:ER-GFP plant (E–H) at 7 dai (A and B, E and F) and 14 dai (C and D, G and H). At 7 dai, GFP-fluorescence is limited to the sieve element/companion cell complex of the regular phloem in (A,B) but present in more cells in (E,F). At 14 dai, GFP fluorescence is seen in a net-like pattern in both a PSUC2:GFP
(C,D) and a PDR5:ER-GFP plant (G,H). (A,C,E,G) GFP fluorescence, (B,D,F,H) Overlay of GFP fluorescence and bright field image. Scale bars represent 100 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1194.jpg | What does this image show? | lungs |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07539.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Transverse CT image of the thorax demonstrating nodule 2 adjacent to the mediastinum, vertebral body and descending aorta |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4440517_fig01_388702.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | The subcellular distribution of transiently overexpressed wild-type Cav1 and P132L Cav1 fusion proteins differ depending on the tag. COS-7 cells were transiently transfected with (A) Cav1-GFP, (B) Cav1-mCherry, (C) Cav1-myc, (D) P132L-GFP, (E) P132L-mCherry or (F) P132L-myc for 24 h, fixed and imaged. Cells expressing myc-tagged Cav1 constructs were immunostained prior to imaging. Bars, 10 µm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3368430_fig0015_140684.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Activation for experimental conditions relative to the moving baseline task. (A) Person identification (PI) (top) and (B) sign identification (SI) (bottom); voxel-wise p-value = 0.05, cluster-wise p-value = 0.0025. Six axial sections, showing activation in temporo-occipital and frontal regions are displayed; the left hemisphere is displayed on the left; regions labeled: fusiform gyrus (FG) (Kreifelts, Ethofer, Shiozawa, Grodd, & Wildgruber, 2009), posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS-p), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and precuneus (PCu). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4312075_pone.0116818.g005_354107.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Differential localization of Y. pseudotuberculosis 4N1C and X. sp. TZ03 in Steinernema sp. MW8B nematodes.Epifluorescence microscope pictures showing axenic EPNs artificially fed on (A) plate-grown red fluorescent Y. pseudotuberculosis 4N1C localizing in the gut (100× magnification) or (B) plate-grown green fluorescent X. sp. TZ03 localizing in a symbiotic vesicle (400× magnification). The latter was still localized in the symbiotic vesicle after 2 consecutive infection cycles on G. mellonella larvae (C) (800× magnification) |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2833148_F7_58547.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Postoperative x-ray of the rotation scarf and Akin osteotomies in the right foot. This x-ray demonstrates fixation of the osteotomy, realignment of the sesamoids and reduction of the intermetatarsal and hallux valgus angle while preserving the length of the metatarsal. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4419488_Fig1_383290.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented |
Skin biopsy from a patient with exposure to levamisole-adulterated cocaine.
A) Leukocytoclastic vasculitis involves both superficial and deep dermal vessels (hematoxylin and eosin stain, 40X). B) Numerous neutrophils and eosinophils surround and involve the vascular walls associated with leukocytoclastic debris and fibrinoid necrosis (hematoxylin and eosin stain, 400X). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3603236_fig05_193314.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Anti‐KCNN2 immune reactivity in human cardiac tissue. A, Color and black‐and‐white panels show confocal fluorescence images and differential interference contrast (DIC) images, respectively, taken from nonfailing and failing hearts stained for KCNN2. Arrows denote areas of yellow fluorescence that were also detectable in the absence of the secondary antibody and result from the overlap of unspecific red and green autofluorescence in the tissue from nonfailing and failing hearts. B, Confocal fluorescence and DIC images taken from sections that were incubated with the secondary antibody only. C, Anti‐KCNN2 immunofluorescence in small‐artery walls. Scale bar, 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4129992_fig2_312956.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Scanning electron microscopy in secondary electrons: (a) and (b)—hair of unknown animal (sheep Ovis aries?) from a snow sample collected in Zmeinka District, Vladivostok—; the sample was taken during a dust storm in Mongolia 04.09.2012. Magnification ×180. (c) Hair of a dog (Canis familiaris) from a snow sample taken in a one district of Blagoveshchensk. Magnification ×500. (d) Hair of a cat (Felis domesticus) from a snow sample taken around the Main Railway Station, Blagoveshchensk. Magnification ×650. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4370571_pone.0120793.g003_370714.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in lung tissues of ferrets at 3 days post challenge (DPC) with wild-type influenza H7N9 viruses.Top panel is H&E staining with 100-fold magnification (100×), middle panel is IHC staining with 100×, and bottom panel is IHC staining with 400×. Tissue with brown color indicates viral antigen detected by a mouse anti-NP monoclonal antibody in IHC staining. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_uterus/train_1883.jpg | Is female reproductive present? | yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qp1f170832czrq7tgu.jpg | Have all polyps been removed? | No |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_60010.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Sagittal computed tomography scan image of T12. Diffuse presentation of T12 vertebrae, with narrow adjacent disc space. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_brain/train_2400.jpg | Does this image show brain, intracerebral hemorrhage? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3728555_fig2_221596.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Plain radiograph (anteroposterior view). (a) Before the second surgery. (b) After the second surgery. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2700599_F0005_40587.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | (a) Pre-operative images showing bilateral black eyes in a patient with craniofacial trauma. (b) X-ray skull: AP view of the same patient showing multiple fractures of facial bone including mandible. (c) X-ray skull: lateral view of the same patient showing multiple fractures of facial bone including mandible. (d) CT scan of the same patient showing details of facial bone fractures. Patient was treated surgically and internal fixation of bone fragments was performed |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4228449_F7_335342.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Chondrogenic differentiation. Chondrogenic differentiation demonstrated by the presence of glycosaminoglycans and collagen. (top) Alcian Blue, (middle) Masson’s Trichrome and (bottom) Safranin O staining in MSCs derived from umbilical cord matrix after 21 days of incubation. (a) MSCs isolated by digestion. (b) MSCs isolated by explant technique. Scale bar = 200 μm. (MSC: multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3017816_F1_83485.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Seed germination morphology for H/DH identification. a: normal; b: abnormal; c: twin embryo. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3794561_fig2_236756.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Enhanced uptake of DiO-labeled α-hEGFR-IL's in U87 mg and in U251 mg cell lines when compared to hIgG-IL's, or naked liposomes incubated with the cells for 2 hours. (A), (I) DiO-labeled liposomes (green) are only seen in cells incubated with anti-EGFR antibody conjugated liposomes. (C), (K) Verification of co-localization between green DiO-labeled α-hEGFR-IL's ((B), (J) red color) in merged overlays seen as yellow color. Cellular nuclei are visualized with DAPI. Scale bar = 50 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_36423.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Post procedural coronal CT examination of the right thigh revealing significant decrease in size of right leg abscess cavity. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4331519_pbio.1002072.g004_359360.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Microstimulation of area LIP.A. T-score maps for the contrast EM-NoEM, for individual animals, represented on coronal sections (template anatomy). See files LIP* in [25]. B. T-score maps for the contrast EM-NoEM, data from individual sessions, showing EM-induced FEF activations. C. T-score maps for the contrast EM-NoEM, group data, represented on a flat map. a: anterior; d: dorsal. D. Percent signal change * p < 0.05; corrected for multiple comparisons (32 ROIs). Black lines indicate standard error of the mean. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3555708_F5_181505.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Skeletonization of microfibers in 3D. Orthogonal maximum projection images and associated skeletal representation of a microfiber in 3D. (A, B) 3D binary representation and accompanying skeleton of a raw 3D image set. (C, D) Deconvolved 3D data. (E, F) Deconvolved and Gaussian blurred data. Images are of a representative fiber from the 50 μm microfiber set. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3674921_F45_209468.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | LGE: TI timing (magnitude vs PSIR). Short-axis images at varied TIs for a patient with inferior MI. a-f) Magnitude, g-l) normalized phase-sensitive. TI = 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, and 300 ms from left to right. The appearance and contrast are variable for the magnitude-reconstructed images, while they are consistent for the normalised phase-sensitive reconstruction (Reprinted, with permission, from reference [38]). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2453104_F8_25205.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Atrioventricular septal defect with common atrioventricular valve in dextroisomerism. (A) Note the mixed insertion of the anterior leaflets in the crest of the ventricular septum (Rastelli type A) and a papillary muscle (asterisk) adjacent to the ventricular septum (Rastelli type B). (B) Echocardiographic 4-chamber image in dextroisomerism shows a similar insertion. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qx1fej0832167ihi2j.jpg | What is the size of the polyp? | 5-10mm |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3892382_fig01_258619.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | CtIP/RBBP8 and retinoblastoma (RB1) expression in breast cancer biopsies. Paraffin-embedded breast cancer biopsies were immunostained with CtIP/RBBP8 or RB1 antibodies and stained with hematoxylin and eosin as described in the Patients and Methods section. A representative image of each cancer subtype is shown. In addition, the gradation of CtIP/RBBP8 and RB1 protein level can be observed from 2 (normal; left) to 0 (triple negative; right). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4429611_Fig4_385850.jpg | Describe the image concisely. |
Tetrandrine triggered induction of mitophagy. Mitophagy was detected in GFP-LC3 expressing HFF, Hela and MCF-7 cells treated with 5 μM tetrandrine for 24 h by labeling with the MitoTracker Red dye and observing under a confocal microscope. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3944779_fig1_272251.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Physiological events of normal swallowing as seen by real-time MRI (27-year-old female). LAT: laryngeal ascent, VCT: velo-pharyngeal closure, OOT: oro-velar opening (start time defined as reference), PTT: pharyngeal transit, GCT: glottal closure, SFT: vallecular and piriform sinus filling, ERT: epiglottic retroflexion, PCT: pharyngeal constriction, EOT: esophageal opening, LDT: laryngeal descent (“s” and “e” refer to respective start and end times). The images are selected from respective movies (see Supplementary Movie 1 in the Supplementary Material available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/493174) at a resolution of 41.2 ms (24.3 frames per second) and sorted according to their temporal onset from top left to bottom right. For further details see text. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvi90rw074ygc5eg92f.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink, Red, White |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2970901_fig01_77808.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Inflammation and resolution within lung tissue following S. pneumoniae serotype 6B challenge. Haematoxylin and eosin staining of lung sections from (a, e) naïve mice or from mice at (b, f) 3 days, (c, g) 7 days, and (d, h) 14 days post-S. pneumoniae challenge (n = 6–12 at each time point). Original magnifications: (a–d) × 100; (e–h) × 400. The boxes in a–d indicate the area of image presented at higher magnification |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3395843_F2_144940.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | WM detection results on synthetic BrainWeb data. Figure 2: Pixel-level WM detection results visualized for one image from the MNI brain MRI dataset, each row corresponding to a different combination of noise and inhomogeneity: (a)-(e) 1% noise, 0% inhomogeneity, (f)-(j) 3% noise, 20% inhomogeneity, (k)-(o) 7% noise, 40% inhomogeneity. The first column shows the original PD MRI image with the ground truth for WM outlined in red, while the second, third, fourth, and fifth columns show the pixel-level WM classification results for Ψ(F), Ψ(XMDS), Ψ(XGE), and Ψ(X˜GE), respectively. The red and green colors in (b)-(e), (g)-(j), (l)-(o) denote the GM and WM regions identified in each result image. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3572376_Fig4_185536.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | FDG-PET/MR and corresponding CT images of a patient with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. a Contrast enhanced CT scan showing a hepatic lymphoma manifestation before chemotherapy. b Fused FDG-PET/MR before chemotherapy. c Nonenhanced CT scan after chemotherapy showing a residual mass (arrow). d Corresponding PET/MR after chemotherapy showing no pathologic FDG uptake |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4676850_Fig3_453042.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Neurophysiological results. a. Grand average MRCP over subjects and sessions for all nineteen cases; b. Grand average ERD over subjects and sessions. The dashed line marks the mu frequency band later used in classification. In both figures, the black vertical line represents the onset of motion; c and d. Source localization results for MRCP temporal features and μ band spectral features at movement onset are displayed from three perspectives: top view, lateral view from the left and back view |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2672955_F2_37738.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | HCCR-1 is positively well correlated with breast cancer prognostic parameters. Correlation of HCCR-1 expression levels with known breast cancer prognostic parameters. Immunohistochemical staining for ER, PR, HER2, p53 and HCCR-1 in fresh frozen tissues from human breast cancers. All the breast cancer tissues were derived from pathologically-proven invasive ductal carcinomas. Positive immunostaining for ER, PR, and p53 in the nuclei of carcinoma cells and for HCCR-1 in the cytoplasm of carcinoma cells (top panel). The HER2 immunohistochemical staining showing complete strong membrane staining (3+) in the carcinoma cells (top panel). Negative immunostaining for ER, PR, p53, HER2 and HCCR-1 in breast carcinoma (bottom panel). Original magnification, × 100. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3355000_F6_138382.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | The tomograms with different depths of the brain. This figure shows the result of optical brain modeling from in vivo MRI data. (a) shows nine MRI slices of adult brain, (b) shows the processed optical model with respect to in vivo MRI slices, (c) shows the 3D adult brain structures of reconstructed optical models for Monte Carlo simulation. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3759411_pone-0073262-g007_228583.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Assessment of tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colorectal cancers.(A) Immunostaining of Ki-67. Immunostaining of Ki-67 shows strong nuclear positivity in the cancer cells but is rarely positive in the normal colorectal mucosa (× 200). (B) Detection of apoptotic cells (arrow) by TUNEL staining. Apoptotic cells with classic features of DNA condensation are shown to have a halo consisting of pyknotic nucleus and shrunken cytoplasm (arrow head) in colorectal cancer tissues but TUNEL staining is not positive in normal colorectal mucosa (× 400). TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling. T; colorectal cancer tissue, N; paired normal colorectal mucosa. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4598927_F2_431369.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | This figures show the SBCs relation to mandibular canal on CBCT images (3D and sagittal view) and panoramic radiographs. Three types of relation were observed.
A) Mandibular canal is separated from the SBC.
B) Mandibular canal is in contact with SBC.
C) Mandibular canal goes through the SBC.
|
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2614942_F2_32228.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Computerized tomography of the pelvis showing rim enhancing abscess in the right paraspinous muscles with early extension into the vertebra. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4124588_F7_312096.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Alterations in in the actin cytoskeleton. Visualization of F- and G-actin in E11 WT and α-cat cKO cortices (A,B). The ratios of F to G-actin were quantified by confocal microscopy (C). Squares in (A) and (B) exemplify the regions in which the intensity of F- and G actin was measured. Student's t-test, *P < 0.05. Scale bars: 20 μm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2900169_F1_68286.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging demonstrating a T7-8 epidural mass ventral to the spinal cord (A: sagittal, D: axial) with high enhancement (B: sagittal, E: axial); the lesion showed low signal intensity on the T2-weighted images (C: sagittal, F: axial). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv08zxo074y796bdumg.jpg | Where in the image is the anatomical landmark? | Center, Center-right, Upper-center, Upper-right, Lower-center, Lower-rigth |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00793.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Abdomino-pelvic computed tomography revealed multifocal enhancement indicating wall thickening of the jejunum and descending colon. Segmental jejunal dilatation with a transition point at the jejunoileal junction level was suggestive of partial obstruction. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4223547_F1_333908.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Correct identification of positively stained and negative nuclei for each individual marker. The Ariol system trainer overlay shows correct identification of positive (indicated by yellow dots) and negative (blue dots) nuclei in tumor tissues. TMA slides were scanned using a 20x magnification. Shown for all individual markers are positively stained nuclei (top row) and negative tumor cores (bottom row). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_56127.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Two chambers apical view by transthoracic echocardiography. Segmental analysis of the mitral valve. LA: left atrium, LV: left ventricle (see also Fig. 5). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4689054_Fig1_455708.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Images of a 60-year-old female patient with adenocarcinoma. The primary tumor size measured on chest CT was 2.4 cm. a Transaxial PET/CT fusion image shows a hypermetabolic pulmonary nodule in the right upper lobe. The SUVmax, MTV and TLG of the primary tumor were 4.3, 3.5 cm3, and 9.9, respectively. b and c Transaxial PET/CT fusion image and maximum-intensity-projection image showing no significant FDG uptake suggestive of metastasis; however, right hilar lymph node metastasis was confirmed after surgery |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3079735_pone-0018872-g004_92904.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Time-lapse imaging of ECM remodeling induced by OVCAR5 or OVCAR10 cells.Pre-stained N3F- (A) or TAF-derived matrices (B) were maintained without cells or plated with OVCAR5 or OVCAR10 cells. Randomly selected locations were consistently tracked over time. Images shown were acquired on days 0 (top panel), 7 (middle panel), and 10 (bottom panel). Phase contrast (cells, left panel) and fluorescence (pre-labeled ECM, right panel) images are shown. Bar represents 200 µm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4014485_pone-0096086-g003_286841.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Formation of sand soil mulch and biofilm on root hairs of winter wheat (cv. Stava) by Bacillus thuringiensis AZP2.Scanning electron micrographs were made of AZP2-primed wheat root systems after 10-day drought stress and show sand mulch (A, B) and bacterial biofilm formation on root hair (C, D). Significantly more soil mulch is attached to the AZP2 treated plant (A, right) in comparison to control (A, left). Red circles indicate the areas magnified. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4098114_f0015_306076.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | (a) Regions showing significant BOLD signal changes to positive high-arousal (PH) and negative low-arousal (NL) words compared to positive low-arousal (PL) and negative high-arousal (NH) words. Increase in activation for the former two conditions was found in the right insula, also significantly activated in the pair-wise comparison PH>PL. (b) In addition, the latter contrast showed significant activation of the left parahippocampal gyrus. Please refer to Table 4 for exact MNI coordinates. Diagrams of increase or decrease in activation (ß values) are reported for the 4 conditions. Error bars represent standard errors of the mean. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3965912_fig2_276619.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Angiographic imaging: (a) spinal angiogram, arterial phase, anteroposterior view, shows the arteriovenous fistula and the giant aneurysm at the level of T12/L1; (b) X-ray, AP view, same level, shows the coils and Onyx cast after endovascular occlusion. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0280.jpg | Are testicular teratomas seen as areas of tissue loss and residual gliosis? | no |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08760.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Computed tomography angiography (CTA) shows a dilated superior ophthalmic vein in both eyes (white arrows). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv18zyo074yfnohc00m.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | Yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3269731_f2-ijms-13-00961_124109.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Sulfated polysaccharide localization in different regions of the E. crassipes determined by histological analysis. Optical microscopy images of the root (A), rhizome (B) petiole (C) and leaf (D) of the E. crassipes showed differences in the staining intensity from toluidine blue represented by the arrows. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyido5k086ug46g3css.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxva90c0074y2utk2y1y.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3444845_fig2_155539.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Transvaginal ultrasound of uterus showing left ovaric mass containing ovular material. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3914326_fig1_264299.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Histopathologic examination of liver tissue by light microscopy; (a) control group, (b) I/R applied group, di: dilatation and v: vacuolization, (c) I/R+ADA applied group, de: degenerative cell, H&E stain. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2543.jpg | What is present ? | liver |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic25301.jpg | what is the plane of this ct scan? | axial |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2905944_fig9_69143.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Spatial maps derived from Subject 1's fMRI data using (a) task-related GLM; (b) single-voxel hybrid method (SV); (c) few-voxel hybrid method (FV); (d) many-voxel hybrid method (MV); (e) dual regression, single IC hybrid method (DRS); (f) dual regression, all IC hybrid method (DRA); (g) back-reconstruction with Infomax (BR-I); and (h) dual regression, single IC hybrid method, Infomax group IC seed source (DRS-I). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3160998_F6_106010.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Difficulties in the evaluation of hybridisation signals in samples with mould infection. Autofluoresence of hyphae (a-d) or surrounding tissue (e-h) in two tissue specimens from patients with invasive aspergillosis. Hybridisation with DAPI and eukaryotic universal probe (univ-SSU labelled with FITC). DAPI channel (first column), FITC-channel (second column), Cy-3 channel (third column). Fusion picture DAPI and FITC channels (last column). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3479989_fig1_161823.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Three different views of computerized tomography show a mass formation extending to the abdominal wall. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4260507_F11_342938.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Sample tractography selection for the inferior fronto-occipital tract (IFO) from the untilted motion-free dataset as well as selections from motion-corrected datasets with 10, 30, and 70% corrupted gradient directions. Correction choices shown include outlier-based (i.e., motion scrubbing) and registration-based (using baseline and model-based reference volumes). Note that motion scrubbing cannot recover long tracts such as IFO beyond 10% motion corruption. Further, motion-based motion correction tends to recover longer tracts at high motion corruption compared to baseline-based correction. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3080319_F2_92947.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Photograph of the cut surface of the sub-mandibular gland. Photograph of the cut surface of the sub-mandibular gland. The sub-mandibular gland space was occupied solid, yellow-wish substances. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08669.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | CT thorax showing an incidental finding of a left side breast tumour measuring 18.2 mm as demonstrated on the scan. CT = computerized tomography. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3304327_F2_129960.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Larger scans of (a) inverted and (b) high-setpoint inverted images presented in Figure 1b and Figure 1c. In a) the large red (small green) circles indicate the apparent location of the up (down) atoms. In (b) the dotted outlines indicate the position of the atoms in the inverted image and the red (green) circles indicate the new apparent position of the up (down) atoms. Solid white lines link the inverted and noninverted images of the same atoms. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2923200_pone-0012252-g007_71457.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | CTP targets fluospheres to the heart.Whole mouse in vivo imaging was performed following intra-cardiac injection of fluospheres alone, CTP+fluospheres and RAN+fluospheres at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes, at a dose of 10 mg/Kg of body weight (for peptides). (N = 3 in each group). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08333.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Here the lipohaemarthrosis is demonstrated in transverse section, in the medial parapatellar recess of the joint space. The synovial cavity is distended and a fluid level demonstrated. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_12238.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Preoperative orthopantomogram |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_2668.jpg | Is metastatic carcinoma prostate present? | no |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2994818_F3_80097.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Neurotrophin and neurotrophin receptor immunostaining in sarcoid lung granulomas. Immunostainings for NGF (A), NT-3 (B), BDNF (C), TrkA (D), TrkC (E) and TrkB (F) on lung biopsy sections from sarcoidosis patients (×40). Positive immunostaining was localized to epitheioid cells and Giant cells within the granulomas. F: fibrosis; Ic: infiltrating inflammatory cells. Non-specific (NS) immunostaining is shown in (G) and was obtained by exposing the sections to the antibodies preabsorbed with the corresponding blocking peptide (×20). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3751100_F3_226682.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | The immunohistochemical characterization of bronchioles. Image 3A represents a bronchiole with less than 5 α-SMA positive spindle-shaped cells (arrow) within the subepithelial area. The smooth muscle cell layer (asterisk) and small vessels (black arrowhead) were excluded. Images 3B and 3C reveal that bronchioles were always negative for Tn-C and EDA-Fn (arrows). 3D shows a small airway with intensive vimentin positivity (arrows). 3E shows desmin positive smooth muscle cells (asterisks) and negative cells (arrows) within the subepithelial area of the bronchiole. 3F displays CD31 positive cells (arrows) within the subepithelial area. Scale bar is shown. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4504578_F3_406678.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | CT scan showing an ovoid tumor (arrow) with mixed signal intensity, calcification, and inhomogenous enhancement. Axial view (A) and intravenous contrast-enhanced axial (B), sagittal (C), and coronal (D) views. CT = computed tomography. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4167310_F2_320894.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | The image finding of case two during preoperation, intraoperation and follow-up. A, B and C, Preoperative CTA and intraoperative DSA demonstrated a 36 mm × 32 mm SAA near the origin of the SMA and the proximal caliber of the SAA was 11 mm. D, The completion aortogram revealed no evidence of endoleak; disappearance of the aberrant SAA lumen and patency of the SMA and the branches immediately after the stent deployment. E and F, Follow-up abdominal CT scan in 12 months postoperatively confirmed an occluded aneurysm sac with marked shrinkage and patency of the SMA. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic51094.jpg | was the mri taken with contrast? | no |
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