image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_3/PMC3465884_fig3_159135.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Perivascular meningeal lymphocytes and scattered parenchymal lymphocytes demonstrate positive staining with antibody to CD3 (T-cell lymphoid marker). The vast majority of lymphocytes seen were T cells (CD3 immunostain, original magnification ×100). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4266639_pone-0114993-g005_344780.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Modic type III changes in the lumbar spine (indicated by arrows).Modic type III changes appear hypointense on T1-weighted (A) and hypointense on T2-weighted images (B). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2257945_F2_18345.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | FDG PET scans, First Column of the Figure showed increased FDG uptake in both breast cancer and in metastatic axillary and supraclavicular lymph nodes (arrows) and also no FDG Uptake of the benign pulmonary lesions (small arrows). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4376818_Fig8_372427.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | A 54-year-old female with remote history of right breast cancer and a left knee sarcoma now for screening. a MLO view demonstrates a focally thickened non-enlarged left axillary lymph node. b Ultrasound confirms a 1.4-cm lymph node with focal cortical thickening of 6 mm and (c) internal vascular flow. FNA was performed for diagnosis. Aspirates were sent for routine cytology and flow cytometry. Final diagnosis: reactive lymph node |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3269421_pone-0029623-g005_124061.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Vascular integrity and maturation of newly formed vessels in primary xenografts of human prostate tissue.(a–f). Immediately before xenograft harvest, the neo-vasculature in human prostate xenografts was labeled in vivo with biotin-conjugated lectin injected i.v. into the host mice. In vivo labeling studies demonstrated anastomosis of the prostate vasculature to the host vasculature by Day 7 after transplantation, and maturation of the human neo-vasculature by Day 30 after transplantation. (g–i). Confocal laser scanning microscopic visualization of dual-immuno-labeling of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA, green) and huCD31 (red). Endothelial cells were associated with αSMA-positive peri-endothelial cells (indicated by arrowheads) on Day 30 post-transplantation. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4100260_fig1_306420.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Diffuse corneal edema on slit-lamp examination of the patient's right eye. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3755989_pone-0074885-g001_227775.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Subcellular localization of human ERH in HeLa cells visualized by confocal microscopy.
A. EGFP-tagged wild-type ERH in the nucleus. ERH is present in the nucleoplasm where it can form weak spots. B. mCherry-tagged human SC35 expressed alone (top) or coexpressed with EGFP-tagged wild-type ERH (bottom). SC35 accumulates in nuclear speckles. ERH spots coincide with nuclear speckles. C. EGFP-tagged wild-type ERH in the metaphase cell with chromosomes stained with Hoechst 33342. ERH is distributed uniformly throughout the cytoplasm excluding space occupied by the condensed chromosomes. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2760727_bj1-93-11-1529-f01_47844.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Tumour-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) in malignant melanomas (MMs) of the conjunctiva. (A) Representative image of LV staining with LYVE-1 antibody as specific marker for lymphatic endothelium: LYVE-1 positive peritumoural LVs. (B) Representative image of podoplanin stained LVs in the tumour adjacent conjunctiva. (C) Intratumoural LYVE-1 positive LVs (magnification ×100/×200). The area of primary acquired melanosis is marked with an asterisk. Arrows denote the LYVE-1/podoplanin stained lymphatic vessels. Note that erythrocyte-filled blood vessels are not stained with these lymphatic endothelial specific markers. LU, lymphatic vessel lumen. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_37718.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | The distance from the neck of the implant fixture to the upper most bone level above the implant fixture was measured to be 14.84 mm in this specific panoramic radiograph immediately after the implant surgery (black line). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3683434_fig2_211734.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | CT scan revealing fracture through body of calcaneus. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_36565.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | 28-year-old female presenting with menorrhagia and pelvic mass. Follow-up MRI post UFE, the fibroids demonstrate loss of enhancement (arrows), but no significant change in volume. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyido54086ueiymgigf.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3693889_F4_213928.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | CT scan 28 years after the PBT. (A) Growth retardation in the ventral vertebral body. (B) Narrowing of the aorta below the irradiated field. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv08zxc074y6ywk59zo.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4314412_f5-ijmm-35-03-0684_354604.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Effect of liraglutide on kidney morphology. Kidney morphology: (A) Non-diabetic group. Normal glomerular. (B) Diabetic group; glomerular hypertrophy was observed significantly. (C) Diabetes + liraglutide group. Liraglutide treatment inhibited glomerular hypertrophy in the rats. (D) Diabetes + lira-glutide + exendin-(9-39) group. The effects of liraglutide were blocked by {exendin-(9-39) [EX-(9-39)]. Glomerular hypertrophy was observed. Magnification for all images, ×400. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2593002_f2_30854.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Rotation of a 3D image dataset of a 120 hpf embryo. SD-OCT can acquire a 3 dimensional quantitative description of the tissues within zebrafish embryos. These data allow the non-invasive visualization of the entire animal, as well as cross-sectional slices in any orientation through the animal at any stage of development, all without sacrificing the animal or noticeably impeding development. This gross anatomical visualization of the zebrafish was rendered in 3D-View, using the maximum intensity projection display. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02954.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | A, contrast-enhanced MRI five years after first OLT demonstrating new masses (white arrows). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3562505_F7_183475.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Electron micrographs of J774 macrophages infected with F. tularensis. (A) Cells infected with LVS, the ΔpdpC mutant, or the ΔiglC mutant. (B) A close-up of the ΔpdpC micrograph from A. Black arrows indicate the borders of the remaining vacuolar membranes surrounding the intracellular bacterium. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00790.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Selective right carotid angiogram after three-minute common carotid artery balloon angioplasty, demonstrating no further contrast extravasation. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3522339_s1fig8_172866.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | A 9-year-old boy with ALL presenting with groin pain and limpingPelvic X-Ray of this case reveals reduced height of femoral epiphysis with osteochondral fracture on the left side due to avascular necrosis (black arrow). Permeative lesion in both femoral proximal metaphyses are noted (white arrows). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3856477_F1_250273.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Preoperative images. A. Anteroposterior view of skull X-ray radiography shows left skull bone effacement near the vertex. B-D. Magnetic resonance image shows an area of abnormal bony marrow over left high convexity showing loss of normal fatty marrow with moderate enhancement after contrast injection (arrow). Mild subperiosteal soft tissue thickening and adjacent dura and leptomeningeal thickening and enhancement (arrowhead) are apparent. The left central and precentral sulci are filled with abnormal enhancing lesion (white arrows). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3715425_pgen-1003591-g002_218677.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Normal chromosome morphology and HTP-3 and SYP-1 loading in pachytene stage nuclei in [mus-81; xpf-1], [slx-1; xpf-1], [mus-81; him-6] and [slx-1; him-6] double mutants.(A) Projections of representative nuclei from whole-mount gonads stained with α-HTP-3 antibody (white) and DAPI (white), or red and blue, respectively, in merged images. (B) Representative pachytene nuclei stained with α-SYP-1 antibody and DAPI (SPY-1, green in merged images). Scale bars are shown in white (1 µm). (C) FISH images were taken with 100× and 60× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4374392_F5_371746.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Effect of Lxm mutations on embryo sac development. (A–D) Embryo sacs from a Lxm1-O/+; W23 heterozygote fixed in FAA and stained with Acriflavine and Propidium Iodide and (E–H) Embryo sacs from a Lxm*-N2530 heterozygote in a hybrid genetic background fixed in FAA. (A,B,E,F) Embryo sacs with abnormal antipodal cell clusters. (C,D,G,H) Normal sibling embryo sacs for each mutant line. (B,D,F,H) are magnifications of the antipodal cells in (A,C,E,G), respectively. Arrows indicate antipodal cell cluster. Scale bar = 100 μm (A,C,E,G) and = 33 μm (B,D,F,H). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_mouth/train_2166.jpg | Where is this? | oral |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3308974_pone-0033270-g001_130917.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Nuclear degeneration occurs during appressorium development in M. oryzae.(A). Upper panel: time course live cell imaging experiment showing nuclear division and nuclear degeneration during appressorium development in M. oryzae. Guy11 conidia expressing H1:RFP were examined by epifluorescence microscopy at indicated time points during appressorium development. Lower panel: bar charts showing the percentage of spore germlings in Guy11 containing between 0 and 4 nuclei (mean ± SD, n>100, triple replications) during a timecourse of appressorium development. Scale bar = 10 µm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzcdp0c086u4wkrdpun.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | Polyp snare, Tube |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4609358_fig6_434341.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Images of histological specimens of each group obtained at 8 weeks: control group (a, b, and c), 0.1 group (d, e, and f), 0.5 group (g, h, and i), and 1.0 group (j, k, and l). Buccal side (a, d, g, and j). Lingual side (c, f, i, and l). F: fibrous tissue; NB: newly formed bone; OB: old bone (central original magnification ×12.5, left and right sides: ×40 original magnification). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2447832_F8_25149.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | ISL1 is co-expressed with LHX2/9 proteins in the liver primordium. Immunofluorescence analysis of ISL1 and LHX2/9 expression in frozen sections of the E10.5 embryos. LHX2/9 staining (red) does not co-localize with ISL1 (green) in the epicardium (arrows) or septum transversum (arrowheads); the proteins are co-expressed in the liver primordium. The bottom panels are higher magnifications of the areas within white rectangles (top). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_55637.jpg | What is shown in this image? | 70-year-old male with prostate carcinoma. Axial CT scan of the pelvis, showing mixed osteolytic lesion with sclerotic margins in right femoral neck. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3543212_F4_178641.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Variability of histological features of horse melanomas and uniformity of RACK1/MITF labeling. (A-B): Sections of two different melanomas with hematoxylin-eosin-safran staining, with their respective low magnification in the inserts. Note the variability in pigmentation between tumors (A, B) and in different areas of the same tumor (A1, A2). (C): Histological staining of a pigmented area from A with ovoid and spindled cells (C1), and low power capture of RACK1 (green) - MITF (red) labeling in the adjacent section (C2), (C3) bright-field corresponding to C2. Note RACK1 signal uniformity in the different areas. Bar: 50 μm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2856528_F3_62349.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Patients with MBL deficiency and dermatological disease. Figures I A, B and C demonstrates pustular skin eruption, with biopsy showing neutrophilic inflammation in patient #3. Figures II A, B and C demonstrate fungal folliculitis with PAS stain (C), demonstrating fungal hyphal elements in patient #4. Figure III shows lower extremity cellulitis and inflammatory ulcer of patient #6, and figure IV demonstrates folliculitis-like rash of patient #2 with Grover's Disease and history of recurrent staphylococcal skin infections. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4502311_fig6_406003.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Posttreatment panoramic radiography. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4280926_f2-etm-09-02-0294_347731.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Histology of tumors in the control and NM groups (hematoxylin and eosin staining). (A) Control, magnification ×4; (B) control, magnification ×20 (C) NM, magnification ×4; (D) NM, magnification, ×20. NM, nutrient mixture. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/outside_other/train_2655.jpg | What does this image show? | joined lower chest and abdomen anterior opened lower chest and abdomen showing apparent two sets intestine with one liver |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4279849_fig1_347552.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | (a) Axial image of plain computed tomography (CT) showing hypodense lesion in right cerebellopontine angle and prepontine cistern with compression of the brainstem. Axial T2 (b) and T1 (c) weighted MR images showing the lesion to be hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 sequence (black arrows outline the tumour). (d) and (e) are T1 weighted axial and sagittal images. (f), (g), and (h) are axial T2, FLAIR, and diffusion weighted images, respectively, revealing another lesion of hyperintensity and restricted diffusion in right half of midbrain. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwycdo14086u6ed42c0g.jpg | Where in the image is the instrument? | Upper-center |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4044570_F2_294214.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | (Left) Standard and (right) wideband LGE images of a patient with ICD acquired at 1.5T. Compared with standard LGE MRI which exhibited significant artifacts (arrows), wideband LGE MRI suppressed image artifacts induced by an ICD and enables visualization of hyper-enhancement in the thinned lateral wall with higher diagnostic confidence. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4370665_pone.0122327.g004_370816.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | von Willebrand’s Factor and Collagen IV staining corroborate tissue perfusion imaging observations.OCT embedded frozen wound biopsies were sectioned (10 μm) and stained using anti-ColIV (green), anti-vWF (red) and DAPI (blue). Shown are representative images of the stained tissue sections from the edge and bed of the wound on days 3, 7, 14 and 42. (Scale bar = 500 μm) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4239438_F0001_338320.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Computed tomography (CT) axial view showed a 10 mm gas bubble (arrow) in the right anterolateral portion of the epidural space at L5-S1 level compressing the dural sac and right S1 nerve root |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_47781.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Postoperative orthopentomogram after 6 months |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_79132.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Transverse ultrasound image of the brachialis muscle. The brachialis muscle (Br) is seen below the biceps brachii muscle (Bi). H, humerus; T, triceps. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyvdoio086uawcledxi.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3932826_fig5_269033.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Lateral radiograph of the skull demonstrating a focus of calcification in the frontoparietal region (arrow). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3634814_pone-0061557-g005_200561.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | LPS induces PC1/3 trafficking and co-localization with TLR4.Confocal images of NR8383 cells double-labeled with anti-PC1/3 (green) and anti-TLR4 (red) and incubated with 100 ng/ml LPS for the indicated time. Insets represent 3× magnification of regions where PC1/3 and TLR4 show partial co-localization. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxve90k8074yhcd65p2a.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Oesophagitis |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4016362_pone-0097341-g001_287427.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Gross and microscopic evaluation of the effect of lactoferrin on lipid accumulation by the mouse liver after HFCS challenge.Liver sections (5 µm) were prepared using HE and Oil Red O stains to determine lipid accumulation. Lipid accumulation around the vein was minimal in normal mice (naïve group). Lipid accumulation was marked in HMMS mice (control group). Treatment with lactoferrin at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg markedly suppressed lipid accumulation. The scale bar represents 0.5 mm in liver gross, 100 µm in HE-stained sections, and 50 µm in Oil Red O stained sections. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4512562_fig3_408688.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Representative immunohistochemical staining of EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, and FP in endometrium of healthy women and in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis patients. No staining was observed in control sections incubated without the primary antibody or with an equivalent concentration of goat IgG. The original magnification was 400x. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4278860_pone-0115236-g001_347261.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Reconstructions of electrode placements with ESM results.The grids shown are the subset of implanted electrodes that were recorded from during this study. The green highlighted areas correspond to regions of cortical lesions. The lesion in subject 3 could not be seen on the brain surface rendering because it was located beneath the surface of the brain. Colored rectangles joining electrodes imply that bipolar stimulation was applied to that pair of electrodes. In subject 1, several electrode pairs were further investigated by performing unipolar stimulation relative to a distant reference electrode. The results of this unipolar stimulation are shown with colored circles surrounding the electrodes. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_18555.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Immediate postoperative CT scans show acute hemorrhage in the right cerebellum fulia. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2002.jpg | Does this image show kidney transplant rejection? | yes |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic41177.jpg | what is abnormal in the mri? | ependymal neoplasms, ependymoma |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3939817_F1_270893.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained SCCC tissue specimens. (A) Small, round tumor cells with a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio are arranged in solid sheets with a diffuse or trabecular pattern (magnification, ×40). (B) Adenocarcinomatous components are present in some of the cells and clusters of small cell carcinoma cells can be seen in the vessels (magnification, ×40). (C) Small cell carcinoma cells pervade, but do not infiltrate, beneath the squamous epithelium (magnification, ×100). (D) Immunohistochemical staining for neuron-specific enolase shows positive cytoplasmic staining of the tumor cells (magnification, ×100). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3369048_Fig3_140868.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | MRI postoperative control examination 6 days after operation. Decompression of spinal canal. Spondylodiscitis. Lesion of the spinal cord in postoperative level |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4279513_f3-sensors-14-20825_347456.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Acoustic angiography amplitude spectrum (top) and example images (bottom). Wideband separation between tissue response and microbubble response produces images that are drastically different from conventional B-mode images and illustrate blood flow in the microvasculature with high-resolution and high-contrast to tissue ratio. Acoustic angiography images displayed using maximum intensity projections of volumetric scan volumes. Bounding boxes are approximately 0.75 × 1.25 × 1.5 cm (axial, lateral, and elevational). Figure adapted from [68]. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3052389_pone-0017901-g001_89540.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Panel A shows tagged MRI short axis image through the middle of a failing heart in end diastole.Tracked grids are shown as yellow overlay with sampled region marked in red. Panel B shows circumferential shortening (CC%) of the region indicated in the panel A compared to a similar region in normal human heart. Panel C shows RyRs (green) and WGA (red) labeling of diseased myocytes from the region shown in panel A. Image is z projections of 10 slices with z depth of 2.5 µm from deconvolved image stack. Scale bar is 10 µm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1801.jpg | Is endocrine present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2764730_F8_48273.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Confocal microscopic visualization confirming the localization of the HER2 IgY-SWNT complex on the cell membrane of SK-BR-3 cells. From left to right, the panels are the brightfield image, DAPI channel image showing the nucleus, quantum dot (QD) channel image showing fluorescence from the HER2 IgY-SWNT complex, and an overlay of the three. The white bar represents 10 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4011477_f1-rmmj-5-2-e0012_286193.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Sixty-six-year-old Female with a History of Laryngeal Carcinoma Treated with EBRT and Chemotherapy Presents with Recurrent Laryngeal Cancer.A: PET scan demonstrating FDG avid lesion of the glottis. B: Pre-operative CT scan demonstrating increased contrast enhancement at the level of the glottis. C–G: Intraoperative photographs. C: The epiglottis is divided in the midline. D: The vascular pedicle is ligated with surgical clips and divided. E: The dissection is carried out anteriorly into the pre-epiglottic space. F: The tumor is released laterally. G: Post partial laryngectomy evaluation of the glottis is performed to insure hemostasis. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4287500_Fig1_349163.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. |
SSP tendon ultrasound image.
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splits/subfolder_5/PMC4054953_fig4_297092.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | SOX2 and Ki-67 expression in U373 cells implanted in the motor cortex of rats under different treatments: vehicle, P4, RU486, or P4 + RU486. Each panel shows nuclei stained with Hoechst in blue, Ki-67 expression in bright green, SOX2 expression in red, and the colocalization of Ki-67 and SOX2 in orange. Magnification is represented by 100 μm scale in all photomicrographs. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3187774_pone-0025451-g003_110988.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | High FLAIR patient.A 59 year old female patient with a left frontal GBM. The segmented edema/tumor infiltration (blue), enhancement (yellow) and necrosis (orange) are seen overlaid on a base post- contrast T1WI. The images demonstrate a patient with a medium to large GBM with a relatively small amount of peritumoral FLAIR hyperintensity reflecting edema and tumor infiltration. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4168222_Fig11_321148.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | AP and lateral radiographs showing implant removal 20 months after surgery |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3710258_F1_217624.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | CT scan of mediastinum-axial section. CT scan of mediastinum shows diffuse lymphatic swelling (arrow) over right supraclavicular (A), pre-vascular (B-D) and aortopulmonary (C) station with inhomogeneous enhancing after contrast media, suggestive for lymphoma. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic45245.jpg | what is the organ system in this image? | lung, mediastinum, pleura |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3486898_pntd-0001892-g001_163278.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Chikungunya virus in the salivary glands of Ae. aegypti.CHIKV antigen (green fluorescence) detected in the salivary gland from a wMel-infected mosquito (MGYP2) at 100× (A) and 400× (B) magnification, and from a Wolbachia-uninfected mosquito (Cairns3) at 100× (C) and 400× (D) magnification. Salivary glands negative for CHIKV antigen from MGYP2 (E) and Cairns3 (F) mosquitoes (Both glands are shown at 100× magnification). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3789106_f2-ol-06-02-0401_235495.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Expression of TGFβ1 in esophageal carcinogenesis. (A–D) TGFβ1-positive LGIEN, HGIEN, CIS and SCC tissues, respectively (SP staining; magnification, ×200). (E and F) TGFβ1-positive expression in myofibroblasts (red arrows) and inflammatory cells (blue arrows) (SP staining; magnification, ×400). TGFβ1, transforming growth factor β1; LGIEN, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; HGIEN, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; CIS, carcinoma in situ; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; SP, streptavidin-peroxidase |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1306.jpg | What is present? | nervous |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2654450_F5_35909.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | DJ-1 is detected in both neurons and astrocytes by multiple antibodies. Antibody DJ-1-N (A) has stronger neuronal staining than three commercially available DJ-1 antibodies, E2.19 (C), KAM-SA100 (E), and Park7 (G) that also detected DJ-1 in neurons in all adjacent briefly fixed sections of the same AD patient. DJ-1-N (B), E2.19 (D), and KAM-SA100 (F) detected immunoreactivity in astrocytes in routinely fixed sections, and Park7 showed a much weaker staining of astrocytes (H). Magnification: 20×. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_1244.jpg | What is present ? | Anencephaly and bilateral cleft palate |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2743995_pone-0007156-g001_46026.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Localization of actin in Giardia lamblia trophozoites and cysts.The cells were labeled using TRITC-phalloidin and analyzed by confocal microscopy. A, DIC image of trophozoites. B, Trophozoites stained with TRITC-phalloidin (d = ventral disc; m = median body; n = nuclei; and, f = flagella). C, DIC image of cysts. D, Cysts stained with TRITC-phalloidin. E and F, optical slices of D. The B inset represents an optical slice. The nuclei were labelled with DAPI. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3871670_pone-0083950-g004_253939.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Qualitative and quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion.An asymptomatic patient in his 60’s with coronary artery disease. Figures 4A and 4B show cardiac short-axis views at the apical and the mid-ventricular level, respectively. The corresponding time attenuation curves within the regions of interest at the 2 levels (C and D, respectively) show a slight delay in contrast enhancement (red arrow, C) in subendocardial HPA in the apical region (red arrow, A), indicating lower myocardial blood flow. Catheter coronary angiography reveals moderate (50–70%) stenosis in the distal portion of the left anterior descending artery (red arrow, E) and no stenosis in the right coronary artery (F). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4554916_RSOB150041F4_419122.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | VP2 and 3 co-localize with LAMP-1 and LysoTracker in the presence of DIDS. RPTE cells were infected at 1 IU cell−1 and were treated with DIDS or DMSO as a control after 24 h. (a,b) Cells were fixed 48 h post-infection and stained for VP2 and VP3 (green) and LAMP-1 (b), or treated with LysoTracker 2 h before fixing (a) (red). DAPI staining is shown in blue, as is the auto-fluorescence of DIDS. Images are single z-slices acquired using confocal microscopy. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic54990.jpg | what is the organ system in this image? | skull and contents |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4101250_Fig2_306656.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | MRI findings of a 21-year-old female patient with a recurrent retroperitoneal myxoid liposarcoma: a baseline, and after b 7 cycles (day 232), c 13 cycles (day 421) and d 19 cycles (day 672) of trabectedin at dose level 2 (1.2 mg/m2) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3914016_fig3_264115.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | (a), (b), (c) Light-microscopy examination of renal-biopsy specimens showed proliferative-appearing glomeruli with focal formation of cellular and fibrocellular crescents. The GBM was duplicated. Many glomeruli were globally sclerosed, indicating disease chronicity. (A periodic acid Schiff staining, B periodic acid silver-methenamine staining, C Masson's trichrome staining). (d) Immunofluorescence microscopy showed slightly bright granular staining for C3 in the mesangium area. (e) Immunofluorescence microscopy showed weak staining with IgG in a linear pattern in part of the GBM. GBM: glomerular basement membrane. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2034408_fig5_14177.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | CapuΔN Stabilizes the Actin Mesh against Latrunculin-A-Induced DepolymerizationConfocal images of stage 9 egg chambers after treatment with Latrunculin A. (A), (D), (G), (J), and (M) show the cytoplasmic movements in living egg chambers; (B), (E), (H), (K), and (N) are egg chambers stained with TRITC-Phalloidin to label F-actin (gray scale bars, 30 μm); (B′), (E′), (H′), (K′), and (N′) show magnifications of the F-actin staining in the oocyte cytoplasm imaged 10 μm from the cortex (white scale bars, 10μm); (C), (F), (I), (L), and (O) show MTs visualized by α-Tubulin staining.(A–C) Wild-type oocytes; (D–F) capuG7/Df(2L)edSZ1; GFP-Capu; (G–I) capuG7/Df(2L)edSZ1; GFP-CapuΔN; (J–L) spire2F/spireRP; GFP-Spir-D; (M-O) spire2F/spireRP; GFP-CapuΔN. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2955599_F2_76093.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Infarct size. Delayed contrast enhanced MR images from one typical animal from each group. Approximately 200 short-axis images, each 0.5 mm thick, are analyzed from every heart. Infarcted myocardium (white) is defined as hyper-enhanced myocardium with signal intensity above eight standard deviations of the signal intensity in the remote myocardium. Microvascular obstruction is defined as hypointense regions in the core of the infarction with signal intensity less than the threshold for infarction. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2989138_F0007_79134.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | X-rays (A.P. and lateral) of the same patient showing good consolidation |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02701.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Drainage of the RHD into the cystic duct (type 4). Operative cholangiogram shows the RHD (arrowheads), formed by fusion of the RASD (small arrows) and RPSD (large arrows), into the cystic duct. Asterisks=LHD |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3506641_pone-0048232-g001_168634.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Illustration of the signal decrease when the echo time and the b-value increase in DWI.Diffusion-weighted acquisition with (a), (b), (c) and (d). Comparison for ms (first line) obtained when using our CUSP sequence with , and ms (second line) obtained when using multi-shell HARDI sequence with . It shows how the signal amplitude decreases (and so does the signal-to-noise ratio) when the b-value and the TE increase (first line versus second line). Acquisitions with a short TE should be favored, particularly when imaging at high b-value. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qt1f8z0832ce6gfqd8.jpg | Have all polyps been removed? | No |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4524372_Fig2_411697.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT scan with rectal contrast revealing an enhanced preperitoneal space and fistulous tract(arrow), communicating between a sigmoid segment(*) and the internal ring of inguinal canal (a: coronal view; b: axial view) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2723.jpg | Does this image show amyloidosis? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2077902_ppat-0030178-g002_14871.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | EGFP Fluorescence in Tissues of Macaques after Experimental Infection with MV-IC323-EGFPCynomolgus macaque #C3 on day 9: MV infection in the skin (A), gingiva and buccal mucosa (B), tongue and tonsils (C), inguinal lymph nodes (D), lungs with tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes (E), stomach (left), spleen (upper left), and large intestine with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (F), spleen (right), and large intestine with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (G); cynomolgus macaque #C2 on day 13 after infection: skin rash shown in normal light (H) or by EGFP fluorescence (I). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic32815.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | hiatal hernia |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1074.jpg | Where is this? | oral |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2301.jpg | Is bone marrow present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3211010_f2-ijms-12-06781_114803.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | IGF-1R and Lewis(y) colocalize in ovarian carcinomar cell RMG-I-H and ovarian malignant tumor; using double-labeling immunofluorescence method. IGF-1R (A1, B1), Lewis(y) (A2, B2), merged image (A3, B3, original magnification × 400). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4624954_pone.0140511.g005_438527.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | The recruitment of Tes LIM1 to FAs depends on the VGEI sequence of zyxin.(A) Wild-type and zyxin-null fibroblasts were transfected with GFP-Tes LIM1 or GFP (control). FAs were stained with an anti-vinculin antibody. (B) Zyxin-null fibroblasts were cotransfected with GFP-Tes LIM1 and DsRed, Zyx FL WT-DsRed or Zyx FL MT-DsRed. Scale bar: 50 μm, the insets show a higher magnification of the outlined regions. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_65360.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Abdominal ultrasonogram of case 2 at the level of the liver showing multiple brightly echogenic lesions (C) casting posterior acoustic shadows in the liver parenchyma, distorting its architecture |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4146565_pone-0106023-g008_315987.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Histological changes in kidneys and tissue layer regeneration on ureter segments in both tested groups.RG-renal glomeruli, RT-renal tubules, E-epithelial layer, SM-smooth muscle layer. AAM – acellular aortic arch scaffold, PLCL - poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone). Magnification was placed in right corner of images. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3430579_F1_152177.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Temporal and spatial distribution of histone H3 and H4 citrullination in oocytes and preimplantation embryos. A. Oocytes and embryos were isolated from CD1 female mice, fixed, permeabilized, and immunolabeled with antibodies against H4Cit3 (red). B. Same as (A) except anti-H3Cit2 + 8 + 17 antibodies (red) were used. Spindle apparatus and microtubule based mid-bodies are indicated by arrows and arrowheads, respectively. C. Same as (A) except anti-H3Cit26 antibodies (red) were used. Nucleoli are denoted by arrows. All samples were counterstained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phyenylindole (DAPI) to visualize DNA (Blue). Cells were imaged by laser scanning confocal microscopy. DIC, differential interference contrast. PN, pronuclear. Blast., blastocyst. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3542123_F3_178409.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Immunohistochemical characterization of MUC1 and c-Met expression in HCC tissues relative to tumor differentiation status. Tissue sections from tumors with well (A, E), moderate (B, F), and poor (C, G) differentiation were assayed for MUC1 (A,B,C) and c-Met (E, F, G) expression by immunohistochemistry. Each column represents the ratio of positive staining for MUC1 (D) and c-Met (H) in well-, moderate-, and poorly-differentiated HCC. (E: 200X; A-D, F,G: 400X magnification). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4062459_pone-0099593-g003_299323.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Immunohistochemical characterization of allograft walls at 15 months.Vimentin- and MyHCApla1-positive fibroblasts (A–F) with broad SMA, rare smoothelin and calponin detection (G–O). Re-endothelialization was observed at the intimal layer (G). Novel mature arterioles and capillaries were identified in adventitia and media (H, I, K, L, N, O, Q and R). Magnification: 100 µm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3605408_pone-0059735-g004_193827.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Representative images of immunofluoresence staining of GFAP.
A) Frontal cortex of NDC case #20. B) Temporal cortex of NI-AD case #12. C) Temporal cortex of Bapi-AD case #1. For more details, see the Results section. Magnifications: A–C –200X. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3306070_f2-jovr-6-1-050_130440.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | (A) Axial computed tomography scan of the orbit: the left eye is severely proptotic, extraocular muscles are enlarged and an intraocular hemorrhage is noted (arrowhead). (B) Magnetic resonance angiographic view of a spontaneous high flow carotid-cavernous fistula on the left side (arrow). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic55000.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | nonketotic hyperglycemic hemichorea hemiballismus |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1183227_F1_2668.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | CT scan of chest of showing communication between the right main bronchus and the gastric conduit. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3496480_Fig1_165509.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Notch1 and 4 expressions in mouse choroid during laser induced CNV. Confocal microscopy 3 days post laser induced CNV in mice: expression of Notch1 (green, a, c, g and i), endothelial cell marker CD31 (red, b, c, e and f), Notch 4 (green, d, f, j and l), macrophage marker CD68 (red
h, i, k and l). Colocalization appears in yellow. Confocal microscopy optical section is 1.5 μm; scale bars represent 20 μm in a–f and 100 μm in g–l. All staining were performed 3 times with similar results. ONL outer nuclear layer; CHO choroid. (Color figure online) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4469402_Fig3_397355.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | A 62-year-old female with recurrent metastatic gallbladder carcinoma with carcinomatosis. Axial contrast-enhanced CT images demonstrate a enhancing perihepatic nodules (arrowheads), b a 4.8-cm metastasis destroying the sternum (arrow), and c a 1.8-cm lung metastasis (circle). After 3 months of trastuzumab, d the perihepatic nodules are no longer visualized. e The sternum has become sclerotic with decreased size of the metastasis (arrow), and f the lung metastasis has undergone cavitation (circle). |
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