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data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2921.jpg
Is rheumatoid arthritis with vasculitis present?
yes
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3465894_fig2_159153.jpg
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(a) Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a sharply circumscribed cystic mass. (b) Sagittal-T1 weighted MRI shows an 55 × 65-mm well-circumscribed cystic mass extending from the sublingual area to the mylohyoid muscle. (c) Sagittal T2-weighted MRI shows an high-intensity mass extending inferiomedially to the genioglossus muscle and inferiorly to the mylohyoid muscle.
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4573298_Fig4_424150.jpg
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A 51-year-old male lung cancer patient with T2, T5 metastases underwent spinal surgery; his preoperative palsy score was 1 (Frankel D). Axial (a) and sagittal (b) T1-weighted MR images with contrast enhancement demonstrate cord compression at T2. His postoperative palsy score was 1 (Frankel D), and he survived 274 days after spinal surgery
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_76213.jpg
What is shown in this image?
Upper gastrointestinal contrast study showing organoaxial volvulus of stomach
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2756517_f1_47313.jpg
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Identification of HCM cells. The third passaged HCM cells were washed with PBS, fixed with formaldehyde, blocked in BSA/PBS and stained with monoclonal anti-smooth muscle α-actin and rhodamine-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG;HCM cells were also stained with monoclonal rabbit anti-Desmin and goat anti-rabbit IgG. HCM cells labeled with antibody to smooth muscle actin (A; red) and the negative control (B). Nuclei staining with DAPI is shown in blue. HCM cells labeled with antibody to desmin (Buffy; C) and the negative control (D).
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3564400_fig01_183734.jpg
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Newly synthesized DNA (A) Left: example of Maximum Fluorescence Halo Radius image from NIH3T3 cell showing DNA loops stained with DAPI emanating out from the nuclear matrix (NM) (MFHR method described in Buongiorno-Nardelli et al. 1982; Guillou et al. 2010). Right: newly synthesized DNA is observed at the NM but not visible in loop DNA. Cells were pulsed for 30 min with BrdU and visualized with α-BrdU. Centre: merged image showing BrdU (newly synthesized DNA) in white and DNA in magenta.
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1520.jpg
Is female reproductive present?
yes
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3891746_fig3_258388.jpg
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T2 hyperintense liver lesion on MRI.
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4001111_F3_284508.jpg
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Cytotoxic effect of sonic lysate of stx gene-positive CTEC strains on Vero (A) and CHO cells (B). Vero and CHO cells were incubated with sonic lysate of stx gene-positive CTEC strains for 72 h. The cells were then fixed and observed under microscope (magnification, 200x). STEC strain Sakai (a) and CTEC-I strain GB1371 (c) were used as positive controls for Stx and CDT, respectively. E. coli strain C600 (b) was used as negative control. The representative cytotoxicity patterns by CTEC strains positive for stx, cdt-V (d), and for stx, cdt-V, subAB (e) analyzed in this study are shown.
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1435923_F3_5099.jpg
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FNAB smear (A) and core biopsy (B) specimens from a case of metastatic parathyroid carcinoma in the liver showing sheets of relatively bland spindle and round cells.
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic28668.jpg
in what plane is this x-ray?
lateral
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3365132_f1_140268.jpg
Characterize the image using a well-detailed description
Morphological observations. One of the corneoscleral rim used in the study. The black circle shows where the corneoscleral rim was trimmed to separate the limbal explant from the whitish scleral tissue (A). Phase contrast microscopic shows the outgrowth of limbal stromal cells from the limbal explants on day 7 (magnification: 40×; B). Confluent culture of limbal stromal cells shows spindle morphology with petal growing pattern (magnification: 40×; C); Sphere formation by the limbal stromal cells when cultured with complete media without matrigel (D).
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1478.jpg
What does this image show?
adrenal
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic53404.jpg
is this a t1 weighted, t2 weighted, or flair image?
t2
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3195545_fig1_111998.jpg
Examine the image closely and share its details
Transverse T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of transplanted labeled and nonlabeled human islets 14, 23, 37, 58, 97, and 188 d after transplantation under the kidney capsule in nude (nu/nu) mice. The dark area in the left kidney represents a labeled graft (red outline). No darkening was reported for the right kidney with unlabeled graft. S: stomach; SC: spinal cord, reproduced with permission from Nature Publishing Group [67].
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzjdp8k086ub14gh9l4.jpg
Where in the image is the instrument?
Center, Upper-right, Lower-right, Center-right, Lower-center
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4216972_F3_332273.jpg
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Control MR images after therapy. Axial (A) and coronal (B) T2-weighted images demonstrated recovery of cerebral atrophy. Subarachnoid space width was in normal range (arrows)
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3786726_f3-etm-06-02-0325_234389.jpg
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Follow-up of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) (December 3, 2011). (A) Nodules in the ascending aorta/aortic arch wall have disappeared (normal 18F-FDG uptake), (B) as has the nodule in the pericardial wall (normal 18F-FDG uptake).
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3887044_pone-0085419-g005_257813.jpg
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CD44 and SSEA4 co-staining distinguishes three types of colonies.Immunostaining of two independent reprogramming experiments at 23(i) and 26 days (ii) after transduction using antibodies against SSEA4 (magenta), and CD44 (green). The merged panel provides an overlay of the phase contrast image with both fluorescence signals. Both reprogramming experiments yield (A) CD44negative SSEA4positive colonies, (B) heterogeneous colonies, and (C) CD44positive SSEA4positive colonies (Scale bar: 200 µm).
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03389.jpg
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36-year-old man with situs inversus totalis. CT shows liver and gallbladder to left of midline, and aorta and stomach to right of midline.
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4446290_pone.0127694.g003_390289.jpg
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Brain regions showing significant positive psychophysiological interactions (PPI) with the motor representation of the moving hand.fMRI activations were mapped on a FSL render image. For illustrative purposes the spherical seed region of interest in the left primary motor cortex is also shown as red-colored sphere. MI/SI = primary motor/somatosensory cortex, LOC = lateral occipital cortex, PCC = posterior cingulate cortex, ipsi = ipsilateral to the executing (right) hand.
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4673322_fig1_451706.jpg
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Preoperative condition. (a, b) Anteroposterior and lateral X-P (plain X-ray or roentgenography) of the knee showing partial pseudarthrosis of the knee and varus deformity of the joint. (c) Clinical photo of the patient shows marked bowing.
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3639670_fig1_202027.jpg
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AP and lateral radiographs of midshaft humeral fracture.
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1988786_F2_13769.jpg
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The liver is reperfused after cavo-portal transposition. pv = portal vein, cv = vena cava, smv = superior mesenteric vein, pdv = pancreatic-duodenal vein, rrv = right renal vein, lrv = left renal vein, cbd = common bile duct, ln = linfonode, rk = right kidney, sb = small bowel
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4581409_Fig1_426546.jpg
What is shown in this image?
Computed tomography scan findings: axial section demonstrating a bulky and well-circumscribed mass developing in the pelvis with evident displacement of the rectum and bladder
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3938051_RSOB130116F8_270445.jpg
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Immunochemistry confirming the localization of X. albilineans in storage tissues of sugarcane stalks: confocal microscope images of transverse sections of stalk internodes of sugarcane plants inoculated with X. albilineans strain GPE PC73 (a,b) (stalk internode –1) and water (c) (internode –2); photographs were taken at two months post-inoculation. The sections (a–c) treated with antibodies raised against X. albilineans display red-stained areas revealing the presence of the bacteria in infected tissues. MX, metaxylem; P, phloem; SPC, storage parenchyma cell. Scale bars, 50 µm in (a,c) and 20 µm in (b).
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3149017_F6_104251.jpg
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The response to BMP signals decreases during late differentiation stages. (A-H) Myoblasts were cultured for 9 days under differentiation conditions and double immunolabeled for p-Smad (B,F) and MHC (C,G). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (A,E). Boxed areas in the overlay images (D,H) are enlarged in (D',H'). p-Smad phosphorylation is strongly reduced in fused myotubes (white arrows in H') but is clearly present in mononucleated myoblasts (white arrows in d'). Magnification is 100×.
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4485336_Fig1_400915.jpg
What is shown in this image?
Preoperatively marked recipient vessels and designed the transverse incision parallel to the clavicle to enable exploration of TCVs. SCM, sternocleidomastoid muscle; EJV, external jugular vein.
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4090237_pone-0093686-g005_304867.jpg
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The immuohistochemical staining of atherosclerosis in the 3 groups.Legend: Magnifications: ×400. MMP-9: matrix metalloproteinase-9; LOX-1: lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1. Representative pictures of MMP-9 and LOX-1 expressions immuohistochemical staining in the aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the three groups.
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3588031_f1-ijms-14-03065_189674.jpg
What is shown in this image?
SEM imaging of nanoceria particles synthesized according to Materials and Methods; the average diameter of the nanoparticles is between 16 and 22 nm.
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_37676.jpg
Summarize the visual content of the image.
Preintervention MRCP revealing a fluid collection in continuity with the cystic duct representative of a contained bile leak (marked with arrow).
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4420441_F1_383457.jpg
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Fig. 1(A): Photograph of case 1 on day 23 of life, showing right peri-umbilical swelling;(B): AXR of Case 1 on day 23 of life showing localized gas shadow at the site of peri-umbilical swelling; (C): Lateral x-ray of the abdomen of case 1 on day 23 of life showing dilated bowel and air filled cyst at the site of peri-umbilical swelling.
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qb1em70832fvve5w18.jpg
Have all polyps been removed?
No
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1328.jpg
Where is this?
nervous
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3960128_pone-0091538-g004_275440.jpg
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Comparative immunostaining of temporary artery specimens.(A) Localization of AAT in the temporal artery. Specimen stained with polyclonal anti-AAT (1∶5000) showed immunoreactivity on the endothelial surface and a gradient of presumably soluble AAT within the vessel wall. (B) ATZ11 (1∶100) showed a distinct staining of the endothelial layer. (C) The endothelial layer is distinctly stained using anti-VFW (1∶500). (D) After saturation with anti-AAT antibody (1∶10), ATZ11 labeled a thin endothelial layer. (E) Blockade with anti-VWF antibody (1∶10) abolished ATZ11 staining (1∶100) of the endothelial layer. (F) Sequential blockade with anti-AAT (1∶10) and anti-VWF (1∶10) completely abolished ATZ11 staining (1∶100).
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4670649_fig1_450663.jpg
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MRE, T2W coronal image. Ulcerations were diagnosed when irregular mucosal depressions were recognized within a thickened loop (arrow).
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvo910g074y9da4amr7.jpg
How many polyps are in the image?
0
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4340283_Fig1_362141.jpg
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Stroke recovery monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. A. Anatomical T2 MR images. Arrows indicate ischemic hemispheres. Line graph demonstrates quantification of infarct volumes in ischemic hemispheres. B. ADC maps. Line graph demonstrates quantification of edema (acute stage) and tissue loss (late stage) in ischemic hemispheres. C. FA maps. Line graph demonstrates quantification of white matter change in ischemic hemispheres. *P <0.05, ***P <0.001 versus vehicle group, n = 8 in each group.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2706234_F2_41117.jpg
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Adult animals of the tom3 strain express red fluorescence in a variety of tissues. A-D: Cryosections (10 μm) were counterstained with DAPI after methanol fixation (20 min.) to visualize cell nuclei. Overlays were done with AxioVision software using false colours. Note: Due to fixation endogenous red fluorescence as well as the tissue structure suffered. Sections were made from limb muscle (A), heart (B), kidney (C) and liver (D). E-F: Macrosection of a limb bone seen in normal light (E) or with red fluorescence filter set (F). Scale bars equal 10 μm (A-D) or 1 mm (E-F).
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4117645_pone-0103928-g005_310411.jpg
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The Itm2a protein expression in the tooth germ on E10.5–E14. A–D. The expression of the Itm2a protein was not observed in the epithelial or ectomesenchymal cells corresponding to the predicted lower first molar region either before or after oral epithelium thickening, or at the bud stage. The dotted lines indicate the contours of the oral epithelial layer and/or tooth bud. E & F. The boxed areas in B and D are respectively shown at a higher magnification. Li; lingual side, Bu; buccal side. Scale bars; 100 µm (A–D), 50 µm (E, F).
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4266918_F5_344885.jpg
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MMP imaging in neuroinflammation (A) Combined FMT and MR imaging of brain tumors with Prosense demonstrates focal activity of protease activity associated with gliomas. Prosense signal correlated well with tumor size on MRI. (B) In vivo fluorescence imaging at 24 hours after MCAO in mice, where strong fluorescence was detected over the infarcted hemisphere. In contradistinction, very little signal increase was seen with MMPsense in sham mice or with control probe in stroke mice [70]. (C) Ex vivo correlation of Prosense signal (Cy5.5 channel) with TTC staining, and with BBB breakdown (FITC-albumin) in stroke mice. (Modified from McCann et al. [72] and Klohs et al. [70] with permission.).
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1698931_F4_7949.jpg
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Echogenicity in CXMDJ A: Sequential studies in echogenicity with advancing age by two-dimensional echocardiography in a normal dog III-301MN, and a CXMDJ dog III-302MA, at 6–21 months of age. Hyperechoic lesions (arrowheads) of the left ventricular posterior wall were detected in the CXMDJ dog at 12 months of age and older.B: Two-dimensional echocardiograms of a normal dog III-301MN at 6 months of age, and four CXMDJ dogs III-D53MA, III-D55MA, III-1803MA, and III-D08MA at 6 to 7 months of age. The hyperechoic lesion (arrowhead) was detected only in the left ventricular posterior wall of III-D08MA.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3666365_fig1_207588.jpg
What is shown in this image?
CT scans showing dominant pulmonary nodule in left lower lobe and bladder thickening, pre-chemotherapy (panels A and B), and two months after completion of chemotherapy (panels C and D). These scans demonstrate the stability of the pulmonary nodules, and resolution of the pelvic mass and lymphadenopathy and his subcutaneous nodules.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4505787_f2_406880.jpg
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Umbilical cord cyst images. A: Umbilical cord cyst first detected at 20 0/7 weeks of gestation (arrow). B: Umbilical cord cyst was confirmed and a clear image of the connection between the bladder and the umbilicus was found at 22 5/7 weeks of gestation. C: Doppler velocimetry demonstrated flow around the cyst. D: Doppler ultrasound examined the size of the cyst.
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2072.jpg
How is excellent side with four infarcts shown which are days of age from nonbacterial endocarditis ?
several
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3181277_pone-0025323-g001_110193.jpg
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Expression of TKTL1 in colorectal tumors in different stage of progression.These color photomicrographs reveal cytoplasmatic immunohistochemical staining (brown deposits) for transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) in colorectal tumors (original magnification ×200). In the right column (E–H) there are stained tissues at different stages of progression and in the left column (A–D) homologous areas in negative controls. Staining for TKTL1 is observable in all positive samples, indicating its expression in tumor tissues; the highest intensity is detected in stage III samples.
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_61585.jpg
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High-resolution expiratory CT of a 9-year-old boy demonstrating air trapping at the level of the secondary pulmonary lobule (arrows).
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4514997_Fig5_409280.jpg
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Excystation of sporocyst and sporozoites from pEnOWP2_mCherry transformed oocysts a: Free sporocyst b: Sporocyst during sporozoite excystation. The first of two YFP expressing sporozoites had started to leave the sporocyst c: Sporocyst during sporozoite excystation. The second (of two sporozoites within a sporocyst) is leaving a sporocyst. The red fluorescent sporocyst wall and non fluorescent material remains autonomous from the green fluorescent signals of sporozoite. Scale bar 5 μm. TL: transmitted light; YFP: YFP fluorescence; mCherry: mCherry fluorescence; MCF (multichannel fluorescence) overlay of all fluorescent signals in the row
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4352158_Fig1_364920.jpg
Describe the image concisely.
Optical coherence tomography images of coronary arteries from matched sites at 6 months (a–c) and 5 years (d–f) after BVS implantation
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1064.jpg
Does this image show sjogrens syndrome?
yes
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3659469_fig6_205810.jpg
Walk through the important details of the image
Cisterna ambiens arachnoidian cyst. (a) Round-ovalar, homogeneous, well-demarcated, hyperintense lesion with signal similar with CSF revealed by T2-weighted MRI image. (b) Round-ovalar, well-demarcated, hypointense cystic lesion with signal similar to CSF revealed by FLAIR MRI sequence. (c) Round-ovalar, homogeneous, well-demarcated, hypointense lesion with signal similar to CSF revealed by T1-weighted MRI image. Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital brain imaging archive.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4051629_pone-0097156-g011_296356.jpg
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Scanning electron micrographs of D. willistoni terminalia.(A) C = cercus, E = epandrium, H = hypandrium, (171× magnification); (B) C = cercus, E = epandrium, H = hypandrium, S = surstylus,(178× magnification); (C) S = surstylus, (337× magnification); (D) C = cercus, S = surstylus, (510× magnification); (E) FrP = frontal, (268× magnification); (F) H = hypandrium, (304× magnification).
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3651210_pone-0063151-g002_203833.jpg
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Regions with GM changes showing positive and negative correlations between functional connectivity and shyness without other anxiety correction.Shyness scores are significantly correlated with functional connectivity in left cerebellum (A), right insula (B), bilateral superior temporal gyri (C&D), and bilateral parahippocampal gyri (E & F) seeds. Images are presented in radiological orientation. Hot and cold colors indicate brain regions with significant positive (hot) and negative (cold) correlations with shyness.
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic52640.jpg
what organ system is evaluated primarily?
lung, mediastinum, pleura
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4477902_pone.0130284.g011_399195.jpg
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JD treatment in vivo induces cancer cell apoptosis.When the mice were sacrificed, the tumors were collected and fixed in 4% buffered paraformaldehyde and paraffin embedded for H&E and TUNEL staining. Pictures were original captured at 200× and 400× magnification. The bar represents 100μm in 200× and 200μm in 400×.
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2121150_fig01_15258.jpg
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Immunofluorescence images of representative olfactory epithelia (Level 2.5 naso-turbinates). (a–f) Nasal cavity sections were prepared 3 and 7 days postinfection by WT or ΔfhaB Bordetella bronchiseptica. Only WT was able to colonize the olfactory epithelia. At 7 days postinfection, WT bacteria formed large three-dimensional structures (microcolonies). Tissues were stained with mouse anti-B. bronchiseptica antibodies. Red, B. bronchiseptica. Green, pseudo-coloured tissue autofluorescence. Magnification, × 200. Scale bars, 16.75 μm. (g–h) High-resolution images (magnification, × 630) of colonizing WT bacteria. Corresponding areas (g) and (h) are boxed in (b) and (e), respectively. Scale bars, 10 μm. (i) H&E stain of an adjacent section to (e).
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3546733_f5-ijms-13-16961_179444.jpg
What is shown in this image?
Effect of SES on microscopic observation of NIT-1 cells. (A) Normal control group; (B) STZ model group; (C) SES 400 μg mL−1 group; (D) SES 200 μg mL−1 group.
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3707746_F3_217086.jpg
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Thoracic and abdominal computed tomographic angiography (CTA) was negative.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3892164_f01_258508.jpg
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Spatiotemporal pattern of accumulation of Hp-gad transcript, determined using whole-mount in situ hybridization.(A,a) Unfertilized eggs. (B,b) Fertilized eggs. (C,c) Morulae. (D,d) Swimming blastulae. (E–G,I) Double-stained whole-mount in situ hybridization. Hp-gad transcripts, red. Primary mesenchyme cells, green. (E) Mesenchyme blastula. (F,F′,e) Early gastrulae. (G,H,f) Late gastrulae. (I,I′,g) Prism larvae. Inset of (I′), higher magnification of the region indicated by a box in (I′). (E′,F′,I′) Hp-gad-transcripts, green. Nuclei, red. Arrows, Hp-gad-transcribing epithelial cells (white) and blastocoelar cells (yellow). Upper-case letters, anti-sense probe. Lower-case letters, sense probe. Scale bars: 50 µm (A–I′,a–g) and 20 µm (I′ inset).
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3520850_pone-0051403-g004_172271.jpg
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Nuclear targeting of Crz1-GFP is calcineurin-dependent and triggered by addition of calcium and elevated temperature.(A) Cells grown at room temperature show predominantly cytosolic Crz1-GFP localization. In cells treated with CaCl2 or grown at 37°C, Crz1-GFP is predominantly nuclear. The calcineurin inhibitor FK506 causes nuclear exclusion of Crz1-GFP at 37°C. (B) Quantification of the fluorescence intensity of nuclear Crz1-GFP. The differences between treated and untreated cells are statistically significant (n = 61 for 25°C control, n = 47 for CaCl2-treated cells and n = 50 for 37°C-grown culture; P<0.0001 using an unpaired two-tailed t-test with Welch correction). Error bars represent standard errors.
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2258.jpg
What is present ?
gastrointestinal
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3842510_F1_246502.jpg
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Schematic representation of brain networks subserving cooperation for each social-cognitive component: (A) Emotion Recognition, (B) Empathy and Theory of Mind, (C) Social Communication, (D) Social Reward. Rounded boxes (with bold or grey outlines) signify brain regions implicated in social-cognitive constructs subserving cooperation. Rounded boxes with bold outlines signify brain regions shown to be structurally or functionally different according to the OXTR gene (SNPs or methylation) in humans. DLPFC, Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex; VC, Visual Cortex; STS, Superior Temporal Sulcus; FG, Fusiform Gyrus; VMPFC, Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex; Amy, Amygdala; TPJ, Temporoparietal Junction; ACC, Anterior Cingulate Cortex; PMC, Premotor Cortex; IFG, Inferior Frontal Gyrus; STG, Superior Temporal Gyrus; NAcc, Nucleus Accumbens.
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3972435_Fig4_277995.jpg
Provide a brief description of the given image.
The morphology observation that miR-429 or siOnecut2 inhibits EMT induced by TGF-β in SW620 cells (a) and SW480 cells (b)
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3386951_pone-0040015-g004_143352.jpg
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MED12 protein expression.(A) Positive MED12 nuclear labeling in mutated LM6. (B) Positive MED12 nuclear staining in wild-type STUMP8. (C) Wild-type STUMP4 with negative staining (D) Mutated LMS1 without MED12 labeling. Magnification: X40.
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3359196_F1_139106.jpg
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CT of the abdomen. Heterogeneous enhancing lesion in the upper pole of the right kidney without invasion to surrounding tissues.
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4496039_pone.0130121.g010_404416.jpg
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Perfect circular limestone disc.An example of a perfect circular limestone disc found at the site of Eynan (21cm diameter). Curvature analysis overlying a photograph. Collection of Israeli Antiquities Authority. Photo by the Israeli Museum, Jerusalem.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3351746_F4_137950.jpg
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Magnetic resonance imaging T2 weighted images show the distinct compression of both brain hemispheres and ventricles due to the tumor, measuring 15 × 12 × 10 cm. An inhomogeneous high signal is shown within the tumor.
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3848346_fig3_247693.jpg
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Propidium iodide staining and 3D confocal imaging of the biopsied intestinal tissues with acute rejection. ((a) and (b)) Optically cleared intestinal tissues without (a) or with (b) acute rejection. ((c) and (d)) Propidium iodide fluorescence signals of the intestinal tissues without (c) or with (d) acute rejection. ((e) and (f)) Histopathology of the intestinal tissues without (e) or with (f) acute rejection (H and E stain, 100x). Bar: 100 μm. Arrow indicated residual crypts in the intestinal tissues with acute rejection.
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4312039_pgen.1004904.g004_354053.jpg
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ALIX localizes at midbody rings and midbodies during cytokinesis in Drosophila female germline stem cells. (A-C) GFP-ALIX localizes at MRs and MBs during fGSC cytokinesis progression. GFP-ALIX was expressed under the control of MTD-GAL4. fGSC-CB pairs are outlined and GFP-ALIX is detected at the fusome plug in G1 (A, arrow), at the MR in S phase (B, arrow), and then at the MB during fGSC abscission (C, arrow). Ovaries were fixed and stained with antibodies against Cindr (red) and hts-F (white), and with Hoechst (blue). CC, cap cell. Scale bars represent 5 µm. See also S9 Fig.
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2794.jpg
Where is this?
urinary
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3222648_pone-0027601-g005_116709.jpg
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Localisation of kisspeptin receptor-LI in mouse heart.Representative photomicrographs showing peroxidase anti-peroxidase staining for (A) kisspeptin receptor-LI and (B) kisspeptin-LI in vascular and endocardial endothelial cells in mouse heart. In wild type mice kisspeptin receptor-LI (green fluorescence, C) and von-Willebrand factor-LI (red fluorescence D) co-localised (E) to vascular endothelial cells with receptor-LI also localised to adjacent cardiomyocytes whereas (F) no receptor-LI was detected in heart from Kiss1r −/− mice although endothelial cells could be visualized (G, H). Similarly, kisspeptin co-localised with von Willebrand factor in vascular endothelial cells (I–K) but was absent in heart tissue from Kiss1 −/− mice (L–M). Scale bars are 50 µm.
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3392253_pone-0039544-g003_144372.jpg
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Spinal column fracture confirmed by X-ray and CT.A: Compression fracture of lumbar vertebra confirmed by X-ray (lateral view, arrows). B: Compression fracture of lumbar vertebra confirmed by CT (arrows).
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3164664_pone-0022949-g004_107008.jpg
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[18F]FEAU PET/CT images observed in a pig 35 days after intramyocardial injection of sr39HSV1tk-MSCs.PET/CT images of [18F]FEAU accumulation in the anterior interventricular lymphatic trunk, AVT (A), the right (B) and left (C) coronary lymphatic trunks (RCT and LCT, respectively), and the left cervical lymph nodes, CLN (D). The location of aorta (Ao), left atrium (LA), right atrium (RA), left ventricle (LV), and right ventricle (RV), interventricular septum (SEP), and cervical vertebral body (VRT) are annotated on the images.
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4631902_fig9s3_440473.jpg
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Additional assessment of renal potential of MP cells.Undifferentiated hES cells failed to integrate into renal organoids. Unlike MP cells, undifferentiated ES cells failed to integrate into the renal orgaoind structures as indicated by the lack of HuNu staining. The last row of images demonstrates ES cells are present in the culture but are not incorporated into the renal aggregates. Scale bar = 25 µm.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08413.025
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyydoko086u7t3d4yii.jpg
Is there a green/black box artefact?
No
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3813741_f1-ol-06-05-1377_240246.jpg
Summarize the visual content of the image.
Computed tomography (CT) scan showing the gastric wall thickening and tumor infiltration into the (A) adjacent fat tissues and (B) colon, which were fluid-filled, indicative of a large bowel obstruction.
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_52640.jpg
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Ultrasound image of the sural nerve in the ankle. The lesser saphenous vein is identified (V). The sural nerve lies adjacent (lateral, medial, or posterior) to this vein. AT, achilles tendon.
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2769363_fig-001_49394.jpg
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Non contrast enhanced CT scan at initial presentation on the emergency room (A and B) and 12 hours after admission (C and D).
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4691119_ijms-16-26176-f004_456409.jpg
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Representative histological pictures of heart (A), kidney (B), spleen (C), brain (D), lung (E) and liver (F) staining with H&E in the acute toxicity study (magnification 400×).
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2714.jpg
Is Heart present?
yes
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3502577_F9_167242.jpg
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Encapsulation of polymer-coated GNPs bearing amine functional groups into P11c SAPNs. TEM images of the encapsulation samples at two buffer conditions: (a) 20 mM HEPES, 10 mM NaCl, 5% glycerol, pH 7.5; and (b) 20 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 5% glycerol, pH 7.5. The P11c protein concentration is 0.05 mg/ml. (c) DLS profiles for volume distribution of hydrodynamic sizes of the encapsulation samples.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3563958_Fig10_183708.jpg
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Transient expression of HAI-1-GFP in the bombarded onion epidermal peels. The HAI-1-GFP fluorescence was found to be localized to the nucleus. a–c Fluorescence image, bright field image and merged fluorescence image of 35S::HAI-1-GFP. Bars 100 μm. d The schematic diagram of HAI-1:GFP fusion vector
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3275470_F5_124934.jpg
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Rotatory computed tomography scan. Atlas (A + B) and axis (C + D) with the head rotated to the left (A + C) and to the right (B + D).
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic39417.jpg
what plane is this?
sagittal
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3606519_Fig3_194130.jpg
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Ultrasound localization of the sling at rest for diagnosis of a dystopic sling or dysfunction. a Pelvic floor ultrasound image showing the optimal position of the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) b Pelvic floor ultrasound image showing a TVT positioned too close to the urethra with excessive tension (sling curling). B bladder, BN bladder neck, S symphysis; D shortest distance between the sling and the longitudinal smooth muscle (LSM) complex; UL length of the entire urethra (bladder neck to urethral papilla) as measured on ultrasound; L proportion of the urethra (bladder neck to middle of the sling) used to determine TVT position along the urethra (%)
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3235056_F3_118675.jpg
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Assessment of LA volume just before the atrial contraction (VpreA).
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3662043_fig3262_206364.jpg
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A] preoperative tracing radiograph showing large furcal and periapical lesions at the mesial and distal roots of the mandibular first molar; B] a strip perforation on the distal aspect of the mesiolingual canal; C] repair of the perforation with Root MTA; slight extrusion of the material is evident; D] 15-month Follow-up radiograph showing complete resolution of periapical and furcal lesions.
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4297605_fig14_351036.jpg
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping applications in the breast and liver. (i) Left image is a mammogram and right image is the corresponding QSM (minimal intensity project through the 3D volume) of a breast in a female patient with three calcified nodules (arrow on QSM). Fatty tissues in the breast appear less diamagnetic compared to the gland. (ii) QSM and R2* images of a liver are shown in the left and right, respectively. Hepatic vein and subcutaneous fat (white arrows in left) appear paramagnetic. The susceptibility difference between the hepatic vein (white arrow) and the aortic artery (black arrow) are 0.53 ppm. 3D, three dimensional; QSM, quantitative susceptibility mapping.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3772899_pone-0074779-g007_231473.jpg
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Growth and proliferation of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts on sericin and chitosan matrices observed under confocal micrographs for day 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days.Scale bars = 100 micrometer. Chitosan and sericin matrices show red and green auto fluorescence respectively in lasers used in confocal microscope.
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3979092_F4_279776.jpg
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Histological analysis of minor salivary gland biopsies in the rituximab and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug treatment groups. Histological analysis of minor salivary gland (MSG) biopsies in the rituximab (RTX) and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment groups at baseline and week 120. 4×, 10×, 20× and 40×, level of magnification of the corresponding picture H&E, hematoxylin–eosin.
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic42153.jpg
what organ system is shown in this ultrasound?
genitourinary
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3858965_fig5_250888.jpg
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Comparison of microscopic morphology in kidney (a) and liver (b) tissue between Group I (control group), Group II (low dosage of XF), Group III (middle dosage of XF), and Group VII (high dosage of PXF). Original magnification ×200.
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3790703_pone-0076140-g003_235906.jpg
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MURF2A and MURF2B colocalize with autophagic proteins.Triple co-transfections were performed in C2C12 myoblasts with combinations of various plasmids encoding the mentioned tagged proteins. Direct observation of fluorescent proteins was performed by confocal microscopy. Arrows show colocalization of the proteins on vesicles and aggregates. Scale Bar: 10 µm.
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4588262_Fig5_428420.jpg
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Subcellular localization of Glyma11g13220-GFP fusion protein. Constructs 35S::Glyma11g13220-eGFP and 35S::eGFP were separately co-transformed into rice protoplast cells with 35S::ARF19IV-mCherry. The cells were observed under a confocal laser microscope. ARF19IV-mCherry was used as a nuclear marker protein. Scale bars, 10 μm
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4338046_pone.0118463.g002_361540.jpg
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Astrogliosis remote from Aβ plaques, Aβ plaques in layer VI and regions of densest plaque burden.Both (a) small and (b) large areas of astrogliosis were detected in regions remote from Aβ plaques, as indicated by the arrow. (c) Clusters of plaques with associated reactive astrocytes were frequently observed in the deep cortex (layer VI) near the white matter border (WM), distinct from (d) the areas of densest amyloid burden. Scale bar represents 50μm (a) and 100μm (b-d).
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4606729_f7_433643.jpg
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SEM imaging of the modified EMD samples.(a,c,e) refers to MnMoCoO #3, MnMoCoO #4 and MnMoCoO #5 (low magnification) and (b, d and f) refers to the respective samples at high magnification. Fig. 8(g) refers to MnMoCoO #5 after electrochemical measurement showing a similar morphology to that of Fig. 8(f).
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4113803_marinedrugs-12-03874-f002_309359.jpg
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Embryonic pigment cells in a blastula-derived cell culture of the sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis cultivated for 3 days. The cells were cultivated in seawater (A); the coelomic fluid of intact sea urchins (B); or the coelomic fluid of injured sea urchins (C). All culture media were supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum. Insets in B and C: higher magnifications. Note the change in morphology of the pigment cells depending on the medium tested. Scale bar, 10 μm.
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glds4ab071ucfnb4ifa.jpg
How many polyps are in the image?
0
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4430632_fig1_386101.jpg
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(a) Chest X-ray demonstrating left fibrothorax with ipsilateral mediastinum and trachea displacement. (b) CT scan demonstrating thickening and calcification of the aortic valvular leaflets (arrow) and diffuse calcification of the ascending aorta (dashed arrows).
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4364577_Fig1_368944.jpg
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Renal histopathology and albuminuria. (A) Periodic acid-Schiff staining of glomeruli. 400× magnification. (B) Albuminuria in the experimental group. NOR, normal rat; DM, STZ-induced diabetic rat; PCE-100, DM treated with PCE (100 mg/kg); PCE-350, DM treated with PCE (350 mg/kg). All data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n=8). *P <0.01 vs. NOR group, # P <0.01 vs. DM group, and +P <0.01 vs. PCE-100 group.