id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22,064,595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromatometry | Bromatometry is a titration process in which the bromination of a chemical indicator is observed.
Potassium bromate alone can be used for the analysis of organoarsenicals.
Notes
See also
Iodometry
Chemical tests
Titration
Bromine | Bromatometry | [
"Chemistry"
] | 55 | [
"Instrumental analysis",
"Titration",
"Chemical tests",
"Analytical chemistry stubs"
] |
22,066,537 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperm%20guidance | Sperm guidance is the process by which sperm cells (spermatozoa) are directed to the oocyte (egg) for the aim of fertilization. In the case of marine invertebrates the guidance is done by chemotaxis. In the case of mammals, it appears to be done by chemotaxis, thermotaxis and rheotaxis.
Background
Since the discove... | Sperm guidance | [
"Biology"
] | 5,060 | [
"Cell biology"
] |
41,882,948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Edgar%20Douglas | Alexander Edgar Douglas, (12 April 1916, in Melfort, Saskatchewan – 26 July 1981, in Ottawa) was a Canadian physicist, known for his work in molecular spectroscopy. He was president of the Canadian Association of Physicists in 1975–1976.
Biography
Born on a farm in Saskatchewan, Douglas received his BA and MA degrees... | Alexander Edgar Douglas | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 540 | [
"Physical chemists",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Analytical chemists",
"Spectroscopists",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
41,883,177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20biophysically%20important%20macromolecular%20crystal%20structures | Crystal structures of protein and nucleic acid molecules and their complexes are central to the practice of most parts of biophysics, and have shaped much of what we understand scientifically at the atomic-detail level of biology. Their importance is underlined by the United Nations declaring 2014 as the International... | List of biophysically important macromolecular crystal structures | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,425 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Biochemistry",
"Molecular-biology-related lists",
"Biophysics",
"nan",
"Molecular biology",
"Structural biology"
] |
41,886,790 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxycyclophosphamide | Carboxycyclophosphamide is an inactive metabolite of the cytotoxic antineoplastic drug cyclophosphamide. In the metabolic pathway of cyclophosphamide inactivation it first metabolizes to 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide, then partially tautomerizes into aldophosphamide. Aldophosphamide then, in turn, is oxidized into carboxyc... | Carboxycyclophosphamide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 141 | [
"Human drug metabolites",
"Organic compounds",
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Organic compound stubs",
"Organic chemistry stubs"
] |
41,889,305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechcellence | Biotechcellence is a national level technical symposium that was established by the co-operative efforts of Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Association of Bio-technologists of Anna University in India. The symposium aims to highlight advancements in biotechnology that have taken place over the years in the medica... | Biotechcellence | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 375 | [
"Biotechnology in India",
"Biotechnology organizations",
"Biotechnology by country"
] |
41,890,491 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadezhda%20%28cockroach%29 | Nadezhda (, Hope) was a cockroach that was sent into space during the Foton-M 3 bio-satellite flight between September 14 and 26, 2007 by Russian scientists. Scientists monitoring the mission from Voronezh announced that Nadezhda had successfully produced 33 offspring on Earth. While it was reported that Nadezhda's of... | Nadezhda (cockroach) | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 272 | [
"Animal testing",
"Space-flown life",
"Animals in space"
] |
45,143,673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Parks | Paul Parks (May 7, 1923 – August 1, 2009) was an American civil engineer. Parks became the first African American Secretary of Education for Massachusetts, and was appointed by Governor Michael Dukakis to serve from 1975 until 1979. Mayor Raymond Flynn appointed Parks to the Boston School Committee, where he was also t... | Paul Parks | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,664 | [
"American Society of Civil Engineers",
"Civil engineering organizations"
] |
45,145,987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail%20Katsnelson | Mikhail Iosifovich Katsnelson (; born 10 August 1957) is a Russian-Dutch professor of theoretical physics. He works at Radboud University Nijmegen where he specializes in theoretical solid-state physics and many-body quantum physics. He is one of the most cited scientists in the field of condensed matter physics.
Earl... | Mikhail Katsnelson | [
"Physics"
] | 549 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Theoretical physicists"
] |
45,154,254 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20Foundations%20of%20Quantum%20Mechanics | Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics () is a quantum mechanics book written by John von Neumann in 1932. It is an important early work in the development of the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics. The book mainly summarizes results that von Neumann had published in earlier papers.
Von Neumman forma... | Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics | [
"Physics"
] | 1,027 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"Works about quantum mechanics"
] |
31,061,495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%20acid%20response | Amino acid response is the mechanism triggered in mammalian cells by amino acid starvation.
The amino acid response pathway is triggered by shortage of any essential amino acid, and results in an increase in activating transcription factor ATF4, which in turn affects many processes by sundry pathways to limit or incre... | Amino acid response | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 465 | [
"Induced stem cells",
"Gene expression",
"Transcription factors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
31,062,681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharklet%20%28material%29 | Sharklet, manufactured by Sharklet Technologies, is a bio-inspired plastic sheet product structured to impede microorganism growth, particularly bacterial growth. It is marketed for use in hospitals and other places with a relatively high potential for bacteria to spread and cause infections.
The inspiration for Shark... | Sharklet (material) | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 540 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Antimicrobials",
"Bionics",
"Bioinformatics",
"Biomimetics",
"Biocides"
] |
31,070,915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles%20of%20motion%20sensing | Sensors able to detect three-dimensional motion have been commercially available for several decades and have been used in automobiles, aircraft and ships. However, initial size, power consumption and price had prevented their mass adoption in consumer electronics. While there are other kinds of motion detector technol... | Principles of motion sensing | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 532 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Measuring instruments",
"Motion (physics)",
"Space",
"Mechanics",
"Spacetime",
"Sensors"
] |
32,046,774 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehbinder%20effect | In physics, the Rehbinder effect is the reduction in the hardness and ductility of a material, particularly metals, by a surfactant film. The effect is named for Soviet scientist , who discovered the effect in 1928.
A proposed explanation for this effect is the disruption of surface oxide films, and the reduction of s... | Rehbinder effect | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 101 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Phases of matter",
"Materials science",
"Surface science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Condensed matter stubs",
"Matter"
] |
32,050,924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSSUS%20model | The WSSUS (Wide-Sense Stationary Uncorrelated Scattering) model provides a statistical description of the transmission behavior of wireless channels. "Wide-sense stationarity" means the second-order moments of the channel are stationary, which means that they depends only on the time difference, while "uncorrelated sc... | WSSUS model | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 286 | [
" absorption and radiative transfer (optics)",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Applied mathematics",
"Wireless networking",
"Computer networks engineering",
"Wireless",
"Scattering",
"Information theory",
"Computer science",
"Condensed matter phy... |
25,007,627 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonylation | Serotonylation is a receptor independent signaling mechanism by which serotonin activates intracellular processes by creating long lasting covalent bonds upon proteins. It occurs through the modification of proteins by the attachment of serotonin on their glutamine residues. This happens through the enzyme transglutam... | Serotonylation | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 506 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry",
"Biochemical reactions",
"Signal transduction"
] |
25,008,226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-particle%20collision%20dynamics | Multi-particle collision dynamics (MPC), also known as stochastic rotation dynamics (SRD), is a particle-based mesoscale simulation technique for complex fluids which fully incorporates thermal fluctuations and hydrodynamic interactions. Coupling of embedded particles to the coarse-grained solvent is achieved through m... | Multi-particle collision dynamics | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 466 | [
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Computational physics"
] |
25,008,405 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primer%20dimer | A primer dimer (PD) is a potential by-product in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a common biotechnological method. As its name implies, a PD consists of two primer molecules that have attached (hybridized) to each other because of strings of complementary bases in the primers. As a result, the DNA polymerase ampli... | Primer dimer | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,641 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Genetics techniques",
"Polymerase chain reaction",
"Biotechnology",
"nan",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
25,010,958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinitrotoluene | Dinitrotoluenes could refer to one of the following compounds:
2,3-Dinitrotoluene
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,5-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
3,4-Dinitrotoluene
3,5-Dinitrotoluene
External links
Explosive chemicals
Nitrotoluenes | Dinitrotoluene | [
"Chemistry"
] | 86 | [
"Explosive chemicals"
] |
26,412,019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics%20of%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique mostly used in radiology and nuclear medicine in order to investigate the anatomy and physiology of the body, and to detect pathologies including tumors, inflammation, neurological conditions such as stroke, disorders of muscles and joints, and abnormaliti... | Physics of magnetic resonance imaging | [
"Chemistry"
] | 6,392 | [
"Nuclear magnetic resonance",
"Magnetic resonance imaging"
] |
26,415,811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COLD-PCR | COLD-PCR (co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature PCR) is a modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol that enriches variant alleles from a mixture of wildtype and mutation-containing DNA. The ability to preferentially amplify and identify minority alleles and low-level somatic DNA mutations in the pr... | COLD-PCR | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,941 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Genetics techniques",
"DNA profiling techniques",
"Polymerase chain reaction",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"nan",
"Molecular biology"
] |
26,418,006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exome%20sequencing | Exome sequencing, also known as whole exome sequencing (WES), is a genomic technique for sequencing all of the protein-coding regions of genes in a genome (known as the exome). It consists of two steps: the first step is to select only the subset of DNA that encodes proteins. These regions are known as exons—humans hav... | Exome sequencing | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 3,931 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"DNA sequencing",
"Molecular biology"
] |
26,419,872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin%20immunoprecipitation | Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a type of immunoprecipitation experimental technique used to investigate the interaction between proteins and DNA in the cell. It aims to determine whether specific proteins are associated with specific genomic regions, such as transcription factors on promoters or other DNA bind... | Chromatin immunoprecipitation | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,700 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Genetics techniques",
"Genomics techniques",
"Protein–protein interaction assays",
"Separation processes",
"Protein methods",
"Protein biochemistry",
"Immunologic tests",
"Biochemical separation processes",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"Molecular biology"
] |
26,422,563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer%20backgrinding | Wafer backgrinding is a semiconductor device fabrication step during which wafer thickness is reduced to allow stacking and high-density packaging of integrated circuits (IC).
ICs are produced on semiconductor wafers that undergo a multitude of processing steps. The silicon wafers predominantly used today have diamete... | Wafer backgrinding | [
"Materials_science"
] | 310 | [
"Semiconductor device fabrication",
"Microtechnology"
] |
33,633,646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical%20acoustics | Geometrical acoustics or ray acoustics is a branch of acoustics that studies propagation of sound on the basis of the concept of acoustic rays, defined as lines along which the acoustic energy is transported. This concept is similar to geometrical optics, or ray optics, that studies light propagation in terms of optica... | Geometrical acoustics | [
"Physics"
] | 815 | [
"Classical mechanics",
"Acoustics"
] |
28,267,626 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categorical%20quantum%20mechanics | Categorical quantum mechanics is the study of quantum foundations and quantum information using paradigms from mathematics and computer science, notably monoidal category theory. The primitive objects of study are physical processes, and the different ways that these can be composed. It was pioneered in 2004 by Samson ... | Categorical quantum mechanics | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,579 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Mathematical structures",
"Theoretical physics",
"Mathematical objects",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Monoidal categories",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Category theory",
"Mathematical relations",
"Dagger categories"
] |
43,374,401 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetomechanical%20effects | The magnetomechanical effect is a fundamental feature of ferromagnetism. The fact that the application of external stresses alters the flux density of a magnetized ferromagnet, and thus the shape, and size of its hysteresis loops is easily changeable.
Simply, it is the phenomenon of changing the magnetic properties of... | Magnetomechanical effects | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 195 | [
"Magnetic ordering",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science"
] |
43,374,450 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillemin%20effect | Guillemin effect is one of the magnetomechanical effects. It is connected with the tendency of a previously bent rod, made of magnetostrictive material, to be straightened, when subjected to magnetic field applied in the direction of rod's axis.
See also
Magnetomechanical effects
Magnetostriction
Magnetocrystalline... | Guillemin effect | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 77 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
"Magnetic ordering",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electromagnetism stubs"
] |
43,377,867 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iknife | An onkoknife, iKnife, or intelligent scalpel is a surgical knife that tests tissue as it contacts it during an operation and immediately gives information as to whether that tissue contains cancer cells. During a surgery this information is given continuously to the surgeon, significantly accelerating biological tissue... | Iknife | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,570 | [
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Mass",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Matter"
] |
43,380,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper%28II%29%20perchlorate | Copper(II) perchlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . The anhydrous solid is rarely encountered but several hydrates are known. Most important is the perchlorate salt of the aquo complex copper(II) perchlorate hexahydrate, .
Infrared spectroscopic studies of anhydrous copper(II) perchlorate pro... | Copper(II) perchlorate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 172 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Perchlorates",
"Inorganic compound stubs",
"Salts"
] |
49,394,107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta-convergence | In mathematics, Delta-convergence, or Δ-convergence, is a mode of convergence in metric spaces, weaker than the usual metric convergence, and similar to (but distinct from) the weak convergence in Banach spaces. In Hilbert space, Delta-convergence and weak convergence coincide. For a general class of spaces, similarly ... | Delta-convergence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 571 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Functions and mappings",
"Convergence (mathematics)",
"Mathematical structures",
"Mathematical objects",
"Theorems in functional analysis",
"Mathematical relations"
] |
49,394,912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic%20Biology%20Open%20Language | The Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) is a proposed data standard for exchanging synthetic biology designs between software packages. It has been under development by the SBOL Developers Group since 2008. This group aims to develop the standard in a way that is open and democratic in order to include as many inter... | Synthetic Biology Open Language | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 127 | [
"Synthetic biology",
"Biological engineering",
"Bioinformatics",
"Molecular genetics",
"Systems biology"
] |
49,396,186 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20observation%20of%20gravitational%20waves | The first direct observation of gravitational waves was made on 14 September 2015 and was announced by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations on 11 February 2016. Previously, gravitational waves had been inferred only indirectly, via their effect on the timing of pulsars in binary star systems. The waveform, detected by bot... | First observation of gravitational waves | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 5,704 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Black holes",
"Stellar black holes",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Astrophysics",
"General relativity",
"Waves",
"Experimental physics",
"Theory of relativity",
"Gravitational waves",
"Gravitational-wave astronomy",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
49,399,383 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAMPL%20Challenge | SAMPL (Statistical Assessment of the Modeling of Proteins and Ligands) is a set of community-wide blind challenges aimed to advance computational techniques as standard predictive tools in rational drug design. A broad range of biologically relevant systems with different sizes and levels of complexities including prot... | SAMPL Challenge | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,119 | [
"Life sciences industry",
"Drug discovery",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Computational chemistry",
"Medicinal chemistry"
] |
49,400,436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemannian%20metric%20and%20Lie%20bracket%20in%20computational%20anatomy | Computational anatomy (CA) is the study of shape and form in medical imaging. The study of deformable shapes in CA rely on high-dimensional diffeomorphism groups which generate orbits of the form . In CA, this orbit is in general considered a smooth Riemannian manifold
since at every point of the manifold there is an... | Riemannian metric and Lie bracket in computational anatomy | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 1,618 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Biomedical engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"Geometry",
"Fluid mechanics",
"Medical technology"
] |
49,404,297 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browder%20fixed-point%20theorem | The Browder fixed-point theorem is a refinement of the Banach fixed-point theorem for uniformly convex Banach spaces. It asserts that if is a nonempty convex closed bounded set in uniformly convex Banach space and is a mapping of into itself such that (i.e. is non-expansive), then has a fixed point.
History
Foll... | Browder fixed-point theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 349 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Fixed-point theorems",
"Theorems in topology"
] |
49,404,619 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopic%20resonance%20hypothesis | The isotopic resonance hypothesis (IsoRes) postulates that certain isotopic compositions of chemical elements affect kinetics of chemical reactions involving molecules built of these elements. The isotopic compositions for which this effect is predicted are called resonance isotopic compositions.
Fundamentally, the Is... | Isotopic resonance hypothesis | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,404 | [
"Isotopes",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
49,405,695 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative%20theory%20of%20differential%20equations | In mathematics, the qualitative theory of differential equations studies the behavior of differential equations by means other than finding their solutions. It originated from the works of Henri Poincaré and Aleksandr Lyapunov. There are relatively few differential equations that can be solved explicitly, but using too... | Qualitative theory of differential equations | [
"Mathematics"
] | 257 | [
"Mathematical objects",
"Differential equations",
"Equations"
] |
49,405,696 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure%20oxidation | Pressure oxidation is a process for extracting gold from refractory ore.
The most common refractory ores are pyrite and arsenopyrite, which are sulfide ores that trap the gold within them. Refractory ores require pre-treatment before the gold can be adequately extracted. The pressure oxidation process is used to prepa... | Pressure oxidation | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 409 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Metallurgy",
"nan",
"Materials science"
] |
40,466,295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma%20diffusion | Due to the presence of charged particles in plasma, plasma diffusion significantly differs from diffusion of gas or liquid. Even in the absence of externally applied fields, the interaction between the positive (ions) and negative (usually, electrons) plasma particles results in ambipolar diffusion with the diffusion c... | Plasma diffusion | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 170 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Diffusion",
"Plasma physics",
"Plasma phenomena",
"Plasma physics stubs"
] |
40,466,325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral%20organoid | A neural, or brain organoid, describes an artificially grown, in vitro, tissue resembling parts of the human brain. Neural organoids are created by culturing pluripotent stem cells into a three-dimensional culture that can be maintained for years. The brain is an extremely complex system of heterogeneous tissues and ... | Cerebral organoid | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 5,575 | [
"Synthetic biology",
"Biological engineering",
"Molecular genetics",
"Bioinformatics"
] |
35,258,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triphenylcarbethoxymethylenephosphorane | Triphenylcarbethoxymethylenephosphorane is an organophosphorus compound with the chemical formula Ph3PCHCO2Et (Ph = phenyl, Et = ethyl). It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents.
The compound is a Wittig reagent. It is used to replace oxygen centres in ketones and aldehydes with CHCO2Et.
References
Or... | Triphenylcarbethoxymethylenephosphorane | [
"Chemistry"
] | 105 | [
"Organophosphorus compounds",
"Organic compounds",
"Functional groups"
] |
35,260,696 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide%20microarray | A peptide microarray (also commonly known as peptide chip or peptide epitope microarray) is a collection of peptides displayed on a solid surface, usually a glass or plastic chip. Peptide chips are used by scientists in biology, medicine and pharmacology to study binding properties and functionality and kinetics of pro... | Peptide microarray | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Biology"
] | 1,314 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Genetics techniques",
"Microtechnology",
"Microarrays",
"Protein methods",
"Protein biochemistry",
"Bioinformatics",
"Immunology",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"nan"
] |
37,702,668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersion%20chiller | Immersion chillers work by circulating a cooling fluid (usually tap water from a garden hose or faucet) through a copper/stainless steel coil that is placed directly in the hot wort. As the cooling fluid runs through the coil it absorbs and carries away heat until the wort has cooled to the desired temperature.
The adv... | Immersion chiller | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 146 | [
"Thermodynamic systems",
"Thermodynamics stubs",
"Dynamical systems",
"Chemical engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Thermodynamics",
"Piping",
"Physical chemistry stubs",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
37,702,763 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kempf%E2%80%93Ness%20theorem | In algebraic geometry, the Kempf–Ness theorem, introduced by , gives a criterion for the stability of a vector in a representation of a complex reductive group. If the complex vector space is given a norm that is invariant under a maximal compact subgroup of the reductive group, then the Kempf–Ness theorem states that ... | Kempf–Ness theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 160 | [
"Theorems in algebraic geometry",
"Symmetry",
"Group actions",
"Theorems in geometry",
"Invariant theory"
] |
37,704,809 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICLIP | iCLIP (individual-nucleotide resolution crossLinking and immunoprecipitation) is a variant of the original CLIP method used for identifying protein-RNA interactions, which uses UV light to covalently bind proteins and RNA molecules to identify RNA binding sites of proteins. This crosslinking step has generally less ba... | ICLIP | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 847 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Genetics techniques",
"Protein methods",
"Protein biochemistry",
"Genetic engineering",
"Chemical tests",
"Biochemistry detection methods"
] |
37,704,906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koopman%E2%80%93von%20Neumann%20classical%20mechanics | The Koopman–von Neumann (KvN) theory is a description of classical mechanics as an operatorial theory similar to quantum mechanics, based on a Hilbert space of complex, square-integrable wavefunctions. As its name suggests, the KvN theory is loosely related to work by Bernard Koopman and John von Neumann in 1931 and 19... | Koopman–von Neumann classical mechanics | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,829 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Mathematical physics"
] |
37,705,238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogenin-1 | Glycogenin-1 is an enzyme that is involved in the biosynthesis of glycogen. It is capable of self-glucosylation, forming an oligosaccharide primer that serves as a substrate for glycogen synthase. This is done through an inter-subunit mechanism. It also plays a role in glycogen metabolism regulation. Recombinant human ... | Glycogenin-1 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,199 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Glycobiology"
] |
37,709,269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creep%20and%20shrinkage%20of%20concrete | Creep and shrinkage of concrete are two physical properties of concrete. The creep of concrete, which originates from the calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) in the hardened Portland cement paste (which is the binder of mineral aggregates), is fundamentally different from the creep of metals and polymers. Unlike the cree... | Creep and shrinkage of concrete | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 4,640 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Solid mechanics",
"Continuum mechanics",
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Classical mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Mechanics",
"Concrete",
"Materials degradation"
] |
37,712,157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einsteinium%28III%29%20iodide | Einsteinium triiodide is an iodide of the synthetic actinide einsteinium which has the molecular formula EsI3. This crystalline salt is an amber-coloured solid. It glows red in the dark due to einsteinium's intense radioactivity.
It crystallises in the hexagonal crystal system in the space group R with the lattice par... | Einsteinium(III) iodide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 132 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Inorganic compound stubs"
] |
23,519,759 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdx%20protein%20family | The Cdx protein family is a group of the transcription factor proteins which bind to DNA to regulate the expression of genes. In particular this family of proteins can regulate the Hox genes. They are regulators of embryonic development and hematopoiesis in vertebrates, and are also involved in the development of some ... | Cdx protein family | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 284 | [
"Gene expression",
"Protein classification",
"Signal transduction",
"Induced stem cells",
"Protein families",
"Transcription factors"
] |
39,171,284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac%20equation%20in%20curved%20spacetime | In mathematical physics, the Dirac equation in curved spacetime is a generalization of the Dirac equation from flat spacetime (Minkowski space) to curved spacetime, a general Lorentzian manifold.
Mathematical formulation
Spacetime
In full generality the equation can be defined on or a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, ... | Dirac equation in curved spacetime | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,412 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Equations of physics",
"Fermions",
"Eponymous equations of physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Subatomic particles",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Dirac equation",
"Matter"
] |
46,517,855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxor%20ferroelectric | Relaxor ferroelectrics are ferroelectric materials that exhibit high electrostriction. , although they have been studied for over fifty years, the mechanism for this effect is still not completely understood, and is the subject of continuing research.
Examples of relaxor ferroelectrics include:
lead magnesium niob... | Relaxor ferroelectric | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 377 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Materials science stubs",
"Ferroelectric materials",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
"Materials",
"Electrical phenomena",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electromagnetism stubs",
"Condensed matter stubs",
"Hysteresis",
"Matter"
] |
46,519,707 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20power%20flip-flop | Low power flip-flops are flip-flops that are designed for low-power electronics, such as smartphones and notebooks. A flip-flop, or latch, is a circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store state information.
Motivation
In most VLSI devices, a large portion of power dissipation is due to the clock networ... | Low power flip-flop | [
"Engineering"
] | 937 | [
"Electronic engineering",
"Digital electronics"
] |
46,521,214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supertransitive%20class | In set theory, a supertransitive class is a transitive class which includes as a subset the power set of each of its elements.
Formally, let A be a transitive class. Then A is supertransitive if and only if
Here P(x) denotes the power set of x.
See also
Rank (set theory)
References
Set theory | Supertransitive class | [
"Mathematics"
] | 74 | [
"Mathematical logic",
"Set theory"
] |
46,523,314 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20tee | A double tee or double-T beam is a load-bearing structure that resembles two T-beams connected to each other side by side. The strong bond of the flange (horizontal section) and the two webs (vertical members, also known as stems) creates a structure that is capable of withstanding high loads while having a long span. ... | Double tee | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,727 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"Construction"
] |
48,079,393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seshat%20%28project%29 | The Seshat: Global History Databank (named after Seshat, the ancient Egyptian goddess of wisdom, knowledge, and writing) is an international scientific research project of the nonprofit Evolution Institute. Founded in 2011, the Seshat: Global History Databank gathers data into a single, large database that can be used ... | Seshat (project) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,101 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Mathematical modeling"
] |
48,081,904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translational%20drift | Translational drift also known as melty brain or tornado drive is a form of locomotion, notably found in certain combat robots.
Principle
The principle is applied to spinning robots, where the driving wheels are normally on for the whole revolution, resulting in an increased rotational energy, which is stored for des... | Translational drift | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 606 | [
"Computer engineering",
"Robotics engineering"
] |
48,088,710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordal%20completion | In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, a chordal completion of a given undirected graph is a chordal graph, on the same vertex set, that has as a subgraph.
A minimal chordal completion is a chordal completion such that any graph formed by removing an edge would no longer be a chordal completion. A minimum chordal ... | Chordal completion | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,164 | [
"Mathematical relations",
"Graph theory",
"Graph theory objects"
] |
48,090,006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiropentane | Spiropentane is a hydrocarbon with formula . It is the simplest spiro-connected cycloalkane, a triangulane.
It took several years after the discovery in 1887 until the structure of the molecule was determined. According to the nomenclature rules for spiro compounds, the systematic name is spiro[2.2]pentane. However, th... | Spiropentane | [
"Chemistry"
] | 530 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Spiro compounds"
] |
29,686,444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminotransferase%2C%20class%20V | Aminotransferase class-V is an evolutionary conserved protein domain. This domain is found in amino transferases, and other enzymes including cysteine desulphurase EC:4.4.1.-.
Aminotransferases share certain mechanistic features with other pyridoxal- phosphate dependent enzymes, such as the covalent... | Aminotransferase, class V | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 225 | [
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Protein stubs",
"Protein domains",
"Protein classification"
] |
29,686,743 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous%20communication%20mechanism | The role of an asynchronous communication mechanism (ACM) is to synchronize the transfer of data in a system between a writing process and a reading process operating concurrently.
Description
The mechanism by which the ACM performs its tasks varies heavily depending upon the situation in which the ACM is employed. A ... | Asynchronous communication mechanism | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 333 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Information systems",
"Computing and society",
"Computer-mediated communication",
"Synchronization"
] |
29,687,730 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning%20mobility%20particle%20sizer | A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) is an analytical instrument that measures the size and number concentration of aerosol particles with diameters from 2.5 nm to 1000 nm. They employ a continuous, fast-scanning technique to provide high-resolution measurements.
Applications
The particles that are investigated c... | Scanning mobility particle sizer | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 728 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Electronic test equipment",
"Colloids",
"Measuring instruments",
"Aerosols",
"Spectrometers",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
29,687,749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal-plane%20array%20%28radio%20astronomy%29 | Focal-plane arrays (FPAs) are widely used in radio astronomy. FPAs are arrays of receivers placed at the focus of the optical system in a radio-telescope. The optical system may be a reflector or a lens. Traditional radio-telescopes have only one receiver at the focus of the telescope, but radio-telescopes are now star... | Focal-plane array (radio astronomy) | [
"Astronomy"
] | 595 | [
"Radio astronomy",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
29,690,231 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybtonite | Hybtonite is trademark of Amroy Europe Oy for carbon nanoepoxy resins. It is a family of composite resins reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs).
The material and the manufacturing method were originally developed in the Nanoscience Center of the University of Jyväskylä during the years 2002 to 2004.
Ultrasound is us... | Hybtonite | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 413 | [
"Synthetic resins",
"Synthetic materials",
"Composite materials",
"Materials",
"Nanotechnology",
"Nanomaterials",
"Matter"
] |
29,693,994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perry%E2%80%93Robertson%20formula | The Perry–Robertson formula is a mathematical formula which is able to produce a good approximation of buckling loads in long slender columns or struts, and is the basis for the buckling formulation adopted in EN 1993.
The formula in question can be expressed in the following form:
with
where:
is the average lon... | Perry–Robertson formula | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 154 | [
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical properties",
"Elasticity (physics)"
] |
41,894,112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BreakMate | The BreakMate was a three-flavor soda fountain for The Coca-Cola Company developed in the 1980s in conjunction with BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte. Its compartment held three one-liter plastic containers of syrup and a CO2 tank, which mixed the water and syrup into a 5:1 ratio, with a reservoir for water for storage ... | BreakMate | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 146 | [
"Machines",
"Commercial machines",
"Vending machines",
"Automation",
"Physical systems"
] |
25,017,503 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle%20tree | A bicycle tree or cycle tree or bike tree is a bicycle parking system that resembles a tree in shape. There are a few types that have been developed.
Some are manual, some use mechanical means to move the bike, assisting the bike by raising into a particular spot, they can handle between 5–20 bicycles depending on si... | Bicycle tree | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 394 | [
"Physical systems",
"Machines",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
25,021,082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yield%20strength%20anomaly | In materials science, the yield strength anomaly refers to materials wherein the yield strength (i.e., the stress necessary to initiate plastic yielding) increases with temperature.
For the majority of materials, the yield strength decreases with increasing temperature. In metals, this decrease in yield strength is du... | Yield strength anomaly | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,621 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Solid mechanics",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Metals",
"Elasticity (physics)",
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Metallurgy",
"Materials science",
"Plasticity (physics)",
"Mechanics",
"nan",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Physical properties"
] |
25,021,971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9chet%20mean | In mathematics and statistics, the Fréchet mean is a generalization of centroids to metric spaces, giving a single representative point or central tendency for a cluster of points. It is named after Maurice Fréchet. Karcher mean is the renaming of the Riemannian Center of Mass construction developed by Karsten Grove an... | Fréchet mean | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 559 | [
"Means",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Point (geometry)",
"Geometric centers",
"Symmetry"
] |
25,025,301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab%20pull | Slab pull is a geophysical mechanism whereby the cooling and subsequent densifying of a subducting tectonic plate produces a downward force along the rest of the plate. In 1975 Forsyth and Uyeda used the inverse theory method to show that, of the many forces likely to be driving plate motion, slab pull was the stronges... | Slab pull | [
"Physics"
] | 527 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Geophysics"
] |
25,025,332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leica%20Microsystems | Leica Microsystems GmbH is a German microscope manufacturing company. It is a manufacturer of optical microscopes, equipment for the preparation of microscopic specimens and related products. There are ten plants in eight countries with distribution partners in over 100 countries. Leica Microsystems emerged in 1997 out... | Leica Microsystems | [
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 491 | [
"Microscopes",
"Measuring instruments",
"Microscopy"
] |
36,262,566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCchi%20arithmetic | Büchi arithmetic of base k is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition and the function which is defined as the largest power of k dividing x, named in honor of the Swiss mathematician Julius Richard Büchi. The signature of Büchi arithmetic contains only the addition operation, and equality, omitti... | Büchi arithmetic | [
"Mathematics"
] | 351 | [
"Logic in computer science",
"Proof theory",
"Mathematical logic",
"Formal theories of arithmetic",
"Arithmetic",
"Model theory"
] |
36,264,174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-spline | In computer graphics, a T-spline is a mathematical model for defining freeform surfaces. A T-spline surface is a type of surface defined by a network of control points where a row of control points is allowed to terminate without traversing the entire surface. The control net at a terminated row resembles the letter "T... | T-spline | [
"Engineering"
] | 889 | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Design engineering"
] |
36,264,729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus%20Q | Nexus Q is a digital media player developed by Google. Unveiled at the Google I/O developers' conference on June 27, 2012, the device was expected to be released to the public in the United States shortly thereafter for US$300. The Nexus Q was designed to leverage Google's online media offerings, such as Google Play Mu... | Nexus Q | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,710 | [
"Vaporware",
"Computer networks engineering",
"Computer systems",
"Streaming media systems",
"Telecommunications systems",
"Networking hardware",
"Computer industry"
] |
36,269,430 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect%20thermoregulation | Insect thermoregulation is the process whereby insects maintain body temperatures within certain boundaries. Insects have traditionally been considered as poikilotherms (animals in which body temperature is variable and dependent on ambient temperature) as opposed to being homeothermic (animals that maintain a stable i... | Insect thermoregulation | [
"Biology"
] | 1,936 | [
"Thermoregulation",
"Homeostasis"
] |
36,271,791 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20increment%20lemma | In single-variable differential calculus, the fundamental increment lemma is an immediate consequence of the definition of the derivative of a function at a point :
The lemma asserts that the existence of this derivative implies the existence of a function such that
for sufficiently small but non-zero . For a pro... | Fundamental increment lemma | [
"Mathematics"
] | 294 | [
"Differential calculus",
"Calculus"
] |
36,271,919 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%283-Aminopropyl%29triethoxysilane | (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) is an aminosilane frequently used in the process of silanization, the functionalization of surfaces with alkoxysilane molecules. It can also be used for covalent attaching of organic films to metal oxides such as silica and titania.
Use with PDMS
APTES can be used to covalently b... | (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane | [
"Chemistry"
] | 370 | [
"Amines",
"Bases (chemistry)",
"Functional groups"
] |
36,273,089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C9H12N2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C9H12N2}}
The molecular formula C9H12N2 (molar mass: 148.20 g/mol, exact mass: 148.1000 u) may refer to:
Nornicotine, also known as demethylnicotine
4-Pyrrolidinylpyridine
Molecular formulas | C9H12N2 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 77 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,523,889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy%20of%20fusion | In thermodynamics, the enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as (latent) heat of fusion, is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity of the substance to change its state from a solid to a liquid, at constant pressure.
The enthalpy of fusion is the amoun... | Enthalpy of fusion | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,041 | [
"Enthalpy",
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"Thermodynamic properties"
] |
23,524,398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid%20phase%20transition | Rapid phase transition or RPT is an explosive boiling phenomenon realized in liquefied natural gas (LNG) incidents, in which LNG vaporizes violently upon coming in contact with water causing what is known as a physical explosion. During such explosions there is no combustion but rather a huge amount of energy is transf... | Rapid phase transition | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 271 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Phase transitions",
"Safety engineering",
"Phases of matter",
"Critical phenomena",
"Process safety",
"Explosions",
"Chemical process engineering",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Matter"
] |
23,524,651 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C9H6O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C9H6O2}}
The molecular formula C9H6O2 (molar mass: 146.14 g/mol, exact mass: 146.036779 u) may refer to:
Chromone
Coumarin
1,3-Indandione
Isocoumarin
Phenylpropiolic acid
Molecular formulas | C9H6O2 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 81 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,524,936 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C13H24N2O | The molecular formula C13H24N2O (molar mass: 224.34 g/mol, exact mass: 224.1889 u) may refer to:
Cuscohygrine
Dicyclohexylurea
Molecular formulas | C13H24N2O | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 52 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,525,573 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable%20architecture | An Executable Architecture (EA), in general, is the description of a system architecture (including software and/or otherwise) in a formal notation together with the tools (e.g. compilers/translators) that allow the automatic or semi-automatic generation of artifacts (e.g. capability gap analysis (CGA), models, softwar... | Executable architecture | [
"Engineering"
] | 272 | [
"Systems engineering"
] |
23,528,678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineered%20Glass%20Products | Engineered Glass Products, LLC, (or EGP) in Chicago, Illinois, is the parent company of Marsco Glass Products, LLC, and Thermique Technologies, LLC.
History
Marsco Manufacturing (later Engineered Glass Products) was founded in 1947 as a manufacturer of specialized glass products, most importantly customized dials and... | Engineered Glass Products | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 506 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Glass production"
] |
33,653,025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium%20analyzer | A Helium analyzer is an instrument used to identify the presence and concentration of helium in a mixture of gases. In Technical diving where breathing gas mixtures known as Trimix comprising oxygen, helium and nitrogen are used, it is necessary to know the fraction of helium in the mixture to reliably calculate decomp... | Helium analyzer | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 452 | [
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"Measurement",
"Size"
] |
33,653,162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booster%20pump | A booster pump is a machine which increases the pressure of a fluid. It may be used with liquids or gases, and the construction details vary depending on the fluid. A gas booster is similar to a gas compressor, but generally a simpler mechanism which often has only a single stage of compression, and is used to increase... | Booster pump | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 2,446 | [
"Matter",
"Turbomachinery",
"Gas compressors",
"Phases of matter",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Gases"
] |
45,160,791 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroid%20receptor | The corticosteroid receptors are receptors for corticosteroids. Corticosteroid receptors mediate the target organ response to the major products of the adrenal cortex, glucocorticoids (principally cortisol in man), and mineralocorticoids (principally aldosterone). They are members of the intracellular receptor superfam... | Corticosteroid receptor | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 201 | [
"Induced stem cells",
"Gene expression",
"Transcription factors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
45,164,071 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectangular%20mask%20short-time%20Fourier%20transform | In mathematics and Fourier analysis, a rectangular mask short-time Fourier transform (rec-STFT) has the simple form of short-time Fourier transform. Other types of the STFT may require more computation time than the rec-STFT.
The rectangular mask function can be defined for some bound (B) over time (t) as
We can c... | Rectangular mask short-time Fourier transform | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 316 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Time–frequency analysis",
"Frequency-domain analysis",
"Mathematical objects",
"Mathematical relations",
"Transforms"
] |
45,165,284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian%20units%20of%20measurement | A number of units of measurement were used in Indonesia to measure length, mass, capacity, etc. Metric system adopted in 1923 and has been compulsory in Indonesia since 1938.
System before metric system
Old Dutch and local measures were used under Dutch East Indies. Local measures were very variable, and later they h... | Indonesian units of measurement | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,053 | [
"Units of measurement by country",
"Quantity",
"Units of measurement"
] |
45,170,672 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20graph%20isomorphism | In graph theory, a fractional isomorphism of graphs whose adjacency matrices are denoted A and B is a doubly stochastic matrix D such that DA = BD. If the doubly stochastic matrix is a permutation matrix, then it constitutes a graph isomorphism. Fractional isomorphism is the coarsest of several different relaxations of... | Fractional graph isomorphism | [
"Mathematics"
] | 399 | [
"Fractional graph theory",
"Mathematical relations",
"Graph theory"
] |
45,173,599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow%20fiber%20bioreactor | A Hollow fiber bioreactor is a 3 dimensional cell culturing system based on hollow fibers, which are small, semi-permeable capillary membranes arranged in parallel array with a typical molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) range of 10-30 kDa. These hollow fiber membranes are often bundled and housed within tubular polycarbon... | Hollow fiber bioreactor | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 1,554 | [
"Bioreactors",
"Biological engineering",
"Chemical reactors",
"Biochemical engineering",
"Microbiology equipment"
] |
45,180,368 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium%20helide | Lithium helide is a compound of helium and lithium with the formula LiHe. The substance is a cold low-density gas made of Van der Waals molecules, each composed of a helium atom and lithium atom bound by van der Waals force. The preparation of LiHe opens up the possibility to prepare other helium dimers, and beyond tha... | Lithium helide | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 530 | [
"Molecules",
"Matter",
"Van der Waals molecules"
] |
35,272,263 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20predictor%20function | In statistics and in machine learning, a linear predictor function is a linear function (linear combination) of a set of coefficients and explanatory variables (independent variables), whose value is used to predict the outcome of a dependent variable. This sort of function usually comes in linear regression, where th... | Linear predictor function | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,786 | [
"Artificial intelligence engineering",
"Machine learning"
] |
35,272,703 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomanipulation | Biomanipulation is the deliberate alteration of an ecosystem by adding or removing species, especially predators.
Aquatic ecosystems
Changing the fish population of bodies of water as a part of watershed management can facilitate desirable changes in aquatic ecosystems suffering from eutrophication characterized by do... | Biomanipulation | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 520 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"Ecology terminology",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
28,276,396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoyle%E2%80%93Narlikar%20theory%20of%20gravity | The Hoyle–Narlikar theory of gravity is a Machian and conformal theory of gravity proposed by Fred Hoyle and Jayant Narlikar that originally fits into the quasi steady state model of the universe.
Description
The gravitational constant G is arbitrary and is determined by the mean density of matter in the universe. The... | Hoyle–Narlikar theory of gravity | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 442 | [
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Theoretical physics",
"Theories of gravity",
"Astrophysics",
"General relativity",
"Theory of relativity",
"Physical cosmology"
] |
28,277,010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%20complex | In mathematics, and especially topology, a Poincaré complex (named after the mathematician Henri Poincaré) is an abstraction of the singular chain complex of a closed, orientable manifold.
The singular homology and cohomology groups of a closed, orientable manifold are related by Poincaré duality. Poincaré duality is ... | Poincaré complex | [
"Mathematics"
] | 409 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Algebraic topology",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Topology",
"Category theory",
"Duality theories",
"Geometry"
] |
28,281,258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eschenmoser%20sulfide%20contraction | The Eschenmoser sulfide contraction is an organic reaction first described by Albert Eschenmoser for the synthesis of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds from a thioester. The method requires a base and a tertiary phosphine. The method is of some relevance to organic chemistry and has been notably applied in the vitamin B12 tota... | Eschenmoser sulfide contraction | [
"Chemistry"
] | 178 | [
"Name reactions",
"Organic reactions"
] |
49,416,240 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qadad | Qadad ( qaḍāḍ) or qudad is a waterproof plaster surface, made of a lime plaster treated with slaked lime and oils and fats. The technique is over a thousand years old, with the remains of this early plaster still seen on the standing sluices of the ancient Marib Dam.
Volcanic ash, pumice, scoria (), in the Yemeni dia... | Qadad | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,269 | [
"Building engineering",
"Coatings",
"Alchemical substances",
"Architecture",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Plastering",
"Matter",
"Building materials"
] |
49,418,115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large%20deformation%20diffeomorphic%20metric%20mapping | Large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM) is a specific suite of algorithms used for diffeomorphic mapping and manipulating dense imagery based on diffeomorphic metric mapping within the academic discipline of computational anatomy, to be distinguished from its precursor based on diffeomorphic mapping. T... | Large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 2,790 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Neuroscience",
"Biomedical engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"Geometry",
"Fluid mechanics",
"Medical technology"
] |
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