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id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 32 168	text stringlengths 7 145k	source stringlengths 2 105	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 32.2k	subcategories listlengths 0 27
51,003,552	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elena%20Ram%C3%ADrez%20Parra	Elena Ramírez Parra (born 1972) is a Spanish botanist and researcher who studies the negative effects of environmental stress (drought, salinity of the soil, excess radiation, presence of heavy metals and the high and low temperatures) on plant growth. Applications of her research include improving harvest yield. In 20...	Elena Ramírez Parra	[ "Chemistry", "Environmental_science" ]	385	[ "Molecular biologists", "Biochemists", "Environmental scientists", "Molecular biology" ]
51,004,588	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepCwind%20Consortium	The DeepCwind Consortium was a national consortium of universities, nonprofits, utilities, and industry leaders. The mission of the consortium was to establish the State of Maine as a national leader in floating offshore wind technology. Much of the consortium's work and resulting research was funded by the U.S. Depart...	DeepCwind Consortium	[ "Engineering" ]	2,237	[ "Construction", "Offshore engineering" ]
51,008,352	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrodynamic%20scour	Hydrodynamic scour is the removal of sediment such as silt, sand and gravel from around the base of obstructions to the flow in the sea, rivers and canals. Scour, caused by fast flowing water, can carve out scour holes, compromising the integrity of a structure. It is an interaction between the hydrodynamics and the ge...	Hydrodynamic scour	[ "Physics", "Engineering", "Environmental_science" ]	272	[ "Hydrology", "Physical systems", "Hydraulics", "Civil engineering", "Hydraulic engineering" ]
39,563,860	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer%20entropy	Transfer entropy is a non-parametric statistic measuring the amount of directed (time-asymmetric) transfer of information between two random processes. Transfer entropy from a process X to another process Y is the amount of uncertainty reduced in future values of Y by knowing the past values of X given past values of ...	Transfer entropy	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	499	[ "Dynamical systems", "Entropy", "Physical quantities", "Entropy and information" ]
39,570,044	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socolar%E2%80%93Taylor%20tile	The Socolar–Taylor tile is a single non-connected tile which is aperiodic on the Euclidean plane, meaning that it admits only non-periodic tilings of the plane (due to the Sierpinski's triangle-like tiling that occurs), with rotations and reflections of the tile allowed. It is the first known example of a single aperio...	Socolar–Taylor tile	[ "Physics" ]	318	[ "Tessellation", "Aperiodic tilings", "Symmetry" ]
39,574,992	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen%20compatibility	Oxygen compatibility is the issue of compatibility of materials for service in high concentrations of oxygen. It is a critical issue in space, aircraft, medical, underwater diving and industrial applications. Aspects include effects of increased oxygen concentration on the ignition and burning of materials and compone...	Oxygen compatibility	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	1,943	[ "Chemical process engineering", "Industrial gases", "Safety engineering", "Hazard analysis" ]
39,575,312	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20gauge%20theory	Affine gauge theory is classical gauge theory where gauge fields are affine connections on the tangent bundle over a smooth manifold . For instance, these are gauge theory of dislocations in continuous media when , the generalization of metric-affine gravitation theory when is a world manifold and, in particular, gaug...	Affine gauge theory	[ "Physics" ]	1,230	[ "Theoretical physics", "Theories of gravity" ]
57,210,042	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working%20fluid%20selection	Heat engines, refrigeration cycles and heat pumps usually involve a fluid to and from which heat is transferred while undergoing a thermodynamic cycle. This fluid is called the working fluid. Refrigeration and heat pump technologies often refer to working fluids as refrigerants. Most thermodynamic cycles make use of th...	Working fluid selection	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	3,018	[ "Civil engineering", "Fluid mechanics", "Thermodynamics", "Dynamical systems" ]
57,210,774	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinor%20condensate	Spinor condensates are degenerate Bose gases that have degrees of freedom arising from the internal spin of the constituent particles . They are described by a multi-component (spinor) order parameter. Since their initial experimental realisation, a wealth of studies have appeared, both experimental and theoretical, f...	Spinor condensate	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	591	[ "Bose–Einstein condensates", "Phases of matter", "Condensed matter physics", "Exotic matter", "Matter" ]
57,216,564	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welding%20of%20advanced%20thermoplastic%20composites	Advanced thermoplastic composites (ACM) have a high strength fibres held together by a thermoplastic matrix. Advanced thermoplastic composites are becoming more widely used in the aerospace, marine, automotive and energy industry. This is due to the decreasing cost and superior strength to weight ratios, over metallic ...	Welding of advanced thermoplastic composites	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	2,597	[ "Welding", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Materials science", "Mechanical engineering", "nan" ]
40,888,645	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian%20programming	Bayesian programming is a formalism and a methodology for having a technique to specify probabilistic models and solve problems when less than the necessary information is available. Edwin T. Jaynes proposed that probability could be considered as an alternative and an extension of logic for rational reasoning with in...	Bayesian programming	[ "Engineering" ]	3,067	[ "Software engineering", "Artificial intelligence engineering" ]
40,889,432	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leviton%20%28quasiparticle%29	A leviton is a collective excitation of a single electron within a metal. It has been mostly studied in two-dimensional electron gases alongside quantum point contacts. The main feature is that the excitation produces an electron pulse without the creation of electron holes. The time-dependence of the pulse is describe...	Leviton (quasiparticle)	[ "Physics", "Materials_science" ]	111	[ "Matter", "Quantum mechanics", "Subatomic particles", "Condensed matter physics", "Quasiparticles", "Quantum physics stubs" ]
46,930,376	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium%20novae-zelandiae	Penicillium novae-zelandiae is an anamorph species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from the plant Festuca novae-zelandiae. Penicillium novae-zelandiae produces patulin, 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and gentisyl alcohol Further reading References novae-zelandiae Fungi described in 1940 Fungus specie...	Penicillium novae-zelandiae	[ "Biology" ]	85	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
46,934,541	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inserter%20category	In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the inserter category is a variation of the comma category where the two functors are required to have the same domain category. Definition If C and D are two categories and F and G are two functors from C to D, the inserter category Ins(F, G) is the category whose objects ...	Inserter category	[ "Mathematics" ]	191	[ "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical structures", "Category theory stubs", "Mathematical objects", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Mathematical relations", "Category theory" ]
46,941,716	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vine%20copula	A vine is a graphical tool for labeling constraints in high-dimensional probability distributions. A regular vine is a special case for which all constraints are two-dimensional or conditional two-dimensional. Regular vines generalize trees, and are themselves specializations of Cantor tree. Combined with bivariate co...	Vine copula	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,290	[ "Applied mathematics", "Actuarial science" ]
50,001,505	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetica	Photosynthetica is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on photosynthesis. It was established in 1967 and is published by the Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The editor-in-chief is Helena Synkova (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic). Up...	Photosynthetica	[ "Chemistry" ]	147	[ "Biochemistry journals", "Biochemistry literature" ]
32,517,295	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terumo%20Penpol	Terumo Penpol Private Limited is a subsidiary of Terumo Corporation, and is India's largest blood bag manufacturer. It is also the largest producers of blood bags in Asia, outside Japan. History Peninsula Polymers Limited (Penpol Ltd.) - was incorporated in 1983 by C. Balagopal, a former IAS (1977 Batch) officer from ...	Terumo Penpol	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	382	[ "Biological engineering", "Medical technology", "Biomedical engineering" ]
32,518,704	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braided%20vector%20space	In mathematics, a braided vector space is a vector space together with an additional structure map symbolizing interchanging of two vector tensor copies: such that the Yang–Baxter equation is fulfilled. Hence drawing tensor diagrams with an overcrossing the corresponding composed morphism is unchanged when a Reideme...	Braided vector space	[ "Mathematics" ]	330	[ "Algebra stubs", "Algebra" ]
32,519,980	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total%20synthesis%20of%20morphine%20and%20related%20alkaloids	Synthesis of morphine-like alkaloids in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the natural morphinan class of alkaloids that includes codeine, morphine, oripavine, and thebaine and the closely related semisynthetic analogs methorphan, buprenorphine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, isocodeine, naltrexone, nalbuphine, ox...	Total synthesis of morphine and related alkaloids	[ "Chemistry" ]	455	[ "Total synthesis", "Chemical synthesis" ]
43,767,235	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric%20addition%20of%20dialkylzinc%20compounds%20to%20aldehydes	In asymmetric addition of dialkylzinc compounds to aldehydes dialkyl zinc compounds can be used to perform asymmetric additions to aldehydes, generating substituted alcohols as products (See Barbier reaction). Chiral alcohols are prevalent in many natural products, drugs, and other important organic molecules. Dimethyl...	Asymmetric addition of dialkylzinc compounds to aldehydes	[ "Chemistry" ]	434	[ "Organic reactions" ]
43,767,752	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home%20medicines%20review%20%28Australia%29	The Domiciliary Medication Management Review (DMMR), also named as a Home Medicines Review (HMR), in an Australian scheme for the patients residing in community setting. There are many steps included in a Home Medicine Review Service (Figure 1). Introduced in 2001 into the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) as item 900...	Home medicines review (Australia)	[ "Chemistry" ]	113	[ "Pharmacology", "Pharmacology stubs", "Medicinal chemistry stubs", "Clinical pharmacology" ]
36,704,617	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy%E2%80%93Littlewood%20inequality	In mathematical analysis, the Hardy–Littlewood inequality, named after G. H. Hardy and John Edensor Littlewood, states that if and are nonnegative measurable real functions vanishing at infinity that are defined on -dimensional Euclidean space , then where and are the symmetric decreasing rearrangements of and ,...	Hardy–Littlewood inequality	[ "Mathematics" ]	393	[ "Binary relations", "Mathematical relations", "Inequalities (mathematics)", "Mathematical problems", "Articles containing proofs", "Mathematical theorems" ]
36,707,156	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew%20partition	In graph theory, a skew partition of a graph is a partition of its vertices into two subsets, such that the induced subgraph formed by one of the two subsets is disconnected and the induced subgraph formed by the other subset is the complement of a disconnected graph. Skew partitions play an important role in the theor...	Skew partition	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,641	[ "Mathematical relations", "Graph theory", "Graph theory objects" ]
36,709,000	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playing%20God%20%282012%20film%29	Playing God was a 2012 BBC documentary in the Horizon series, hosted by Adam Rutherford. The documentary discusses synthetic biology, the potential of science "breaking down nature into spare parts" and then rebuilding it back up as we wish. Summary Adam Rutherford has been studying the emerging field of synthetic bio...	Playing God (2012 film)	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	939	[ "Synthetic biology", "Molecular genetics", "Biological engineering", "Bioinformatics" ]
36,711,208	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle%20fire%20suppression%20system	A vehicle fire suppression system is a pre-engineered fire suppression system safety accessory permanently mounted on any type of vehicle. These systems are especially prevalent in the mobile heavy equipment segment and are designed to protect equipment assets from fire damage and related losses. Vehicle fire suppressi...	Vehicle fire suppression system	[ "Physics" ]	358	[ "Physical systems", "Transport", "Transport stubs" ]
36,712,903	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactic%20acid%20O-carboxyanhydride	Lactic acid O-carboxyanhydride (lac-OCA) is an organic compound. It is used as a monomer equivalent to lactic acid or lactide in the preparation of poly(lactic acid). When this monomer undergoes ring-opening polymerization, one equivalent of carbon dioxide gas is released for every lactic acid unit incorporated into t...	Lactic acid O-carboxyanhydride	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	121	[ "Monomers", "Polymer chemistry" ]
34,137,696	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20breeding	Molecular breeding is the application of molecular biology tools, often in plant breeding and animal breeding. In the broad sense, molecular breeding can be defined as the use of genetic manipulation performed at the level of DNA to improve traits of interest in plants and animals, and it may also include genetic engin...	Molecular breeding	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	759	[ "Behavior", "Reproduction", "Breeding", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry" ]
34,138,058	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RefDB%20%28chemistry%29	The Re-referenced Protein Chemical shift Database (RefDB) is an NMR spectroscopy database of carefully corrected or re-referenced chemical shifts, derived from the BioMagResBank (BMRB) (Fig. 1). The database was assembled by using a structure-based chemical shift calculation program (called SHIFTX) to calculate expect...	RefDB (chemistry)	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	833	[ "Biochemistry methods", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Nuclear magnetic resonance software", "Chemistry software", "Protein methods", "Chemical databases", "Protein biochemistry", "Bioinformatics", "nan", "Biological databases" ]
34,138,240	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHIFTCOR	SHIFTCOR (Shift Correction) is a freely available web server as well as a stand-alone computer program for protein chemical shift re-referencing. Chemical shift referencing is a particularly widespread problem in biomolecular NMR with up to 25% of existing NMR chemical shift assignments being improperly referenced. S...	SHIFTCOR	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	354	[ "Biochemistry methods", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Nuclear magnetic resonance", "Nuclear magnetic resonance software", "Chemistry software", "Protein methods", "Protein biochemistry", "Bioinformatics", "Biophysics", "Structural biology", "nan", "Protein structure", "Biological...
34,143,120	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal%20halides	Metal halides are compounds between metals and halogens. Some, such as sodium chloride are ionic, while others are covalently bonded. A few metal halides are discrete molecules, such as uranium hexafluoride, but most adopt polymeric structures, such as palladium chloride. Preparation The halogens can all react with me...	Metal halides	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,791	[ "Inorganic compounds", "Metal halides", "Salts" ]
34,143,799	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanium%20tetrafluoride	Germanium tetrafluoride (GeF4) is a chemical compound of germanium and fluorine. It is a colorless gas. Synthesis Germanium tetrafluoride is formed by treating germanium with fluorine: Ge + 2 F2 → GeF4 Alternatively germanium dioxide combines with hydrofluoric acid (HF): GeO2 + 4 HF → GeF4 + 2 H2O It is also form...	Germanium tetrafluoride	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	329	[ "Matter", "Inorganic compounds", "Phases of matter", "Salts", "Metal halides", "Statistical mechanics", "Fluorides", "Gases" ]
34,147,023	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slack%20bus	In electrical power systems a slack bus (or swing bus), defined as a Vδ bus, is used to balance the active power and reactive power in a system while performing load flow studies. The slack bus is used to provide for system losses by emitting or absorbing active and/or reactive power to and from the system. Load flo...	Slack bus	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	1,098	[ "Physical quantities", "Energy engineering", "Power (physics)", "Electric power", "Power engineering", "Electrical engineering" ]
52,467,837	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspen%20HYSYS	Aspen HYSYS (or simply HYSYS) is a chemical process simulator currently developed by AspenTech used to mathematically model chemical processes, from unit operations to full chemical plants and refineries. HYSYS is able to perform many of the core calculations of chemical engineering, including those concerned with mass...	Aspen HYSYS	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	326	[ "Chemical engineering software", "Chemical engineering", "nan", "Chemical synthesis" ]
48,622,094	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterministic%20global%20optimization	Deterministic global optimization is a branch of mathematical optimization which focuses on finding the global solutions of an optimization problem whilst providing theoretical guarantees that the reported solution is indeed the global one, within some predefined tolerance. The term "deterministic global optimization" ...	Deterministic global optimization	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,221	[ "Mathematical optimization", "Mathematical analysis" ]
48,624,128	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife%20of%20Saudi%20Arabia	The wildlife of Saudi Arabia is substantial and varied. Saudi Arabia is a very large country forming the biggest part of the Arabian Peninsula. It has several geographic regions, each with a diversity of plants and animals adapted to their own particular habitats. The country has several extensive mountain ranges, dese...	Wildlife of Saudi Arabia	[ "Biology" ]	1,940	[ "Biota by country", "Wildlife by country" ]
53,837,100	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujiwara%E2%80%93Moritani%20reaction	In organic chemistry, the Fujiwara–Moritani reaction is a type of cross coupling reaction where an aromatic C-H bond is directly coupled to an olefinic C-H bond, generating a new C-C bond. This reaction is performed in the presence of a transition metal, typically palladium. The reaction was discovered by Yuzo Fujiwara...	Fujiwara–Moritani reaction	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,086	[ "Coupling reactions", "Name reactions", "Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions", "Organic reactions" ]
53,839,611	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus%20conicus	Aspergillus conicus is a xerophilic species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus which can cause endophthalmitis in rare cases. It was first described in 1914. It is from the section Restricti. Aspergillus conicus has been reported as a human pathogen. Growth and morphology A. conicus has been cultivated on both Czape...	Aspergillus conicus	[ "Biology" ]	136	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
53,843,914	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruqian%20Wu	Ruqian Wu is a professor of physics and astronomy at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). His primary research area is condensed matter physics. He gained a Ph.D. at the Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica He was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after he was nominated by their D...	Ruqian Wu	[ "Physics", "Materials_science" ]	146	[ "Condensed matter physicists", "Condensed matter physics" ]
53,844,057	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamgir%20Karim	Alamgir Karim is a professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at the University of Houston noted for his work on polymer and polymer nanocomposite materials. Education Karim received a B.Sc. degree in physics from St. Stephen's College, Delhi in 1985. He worked under at Northwestern University, where he rec...	Alamgir Karim	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	475	[ "Chemical engineering", "Chemical engineers" ]
53,844,230	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massimo%20Boninsegni	Massimo Boninsegni (born 1963 in Genova, Italy) is an Italian-Canadian theoretical condensed matter physicist. He graduated with a Bachelor's degree in physics at the Universita' degli Studi di Genova in 1986. He moved to the United States in 1987, where he received a doctoral degree in physics from Florida State Uni...	Massimo Boninsegni	[ "Physics", "Materials_science" ]	395	[ "Condensed matter physicists", "Condensed matter physics", "Computational physicists", "Computational physics" ]
53,844,678	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xin%20Zhang%20%28engineer%29	Xin Zhang is a Distinguished Professor of Engineering at Boston University (BU). Education Dr. Zhang obtained her Ph.D. from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). She subsequently served as a postdoctoral researcher and research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Car...	Xin Zhang (engineer)	[ "Materials_science" ]	801	[ "Metamaterials scientists", "Metamaterials" ]
53,844,820	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CpG%20island%20hypermethylation	CpG island hypermethylation is a phenomenon that is important for the regulation of gene expression in cancer cells, as an epigenetic control aberration responsible for gene inactivation. Hypermethylation of CpG islands has been described in almost every type of tumor. Many important cellular pathways, such as DNA rep...	CpG island hypermethylation	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,255	[ "Methylation" ]
53,847,239	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridinium%20perbromide	Pyridinium perbromide (also called pyridinium bromide perbromide, pyridine hydrobromide perbromide, or pyridinium tribromide) is an organic chemical composed of a pyridinium cation and a tribromide anion. It can also be considered as a complex containing pyridinium bromide—the salt of pyridine and hydrogen bromide—with...	Pyridinium perbromide	[ "Chemistry" ]	311	[ "Redox", "Oxidizing agents" ]
38,128,880	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born%20equation	The Born equation can be used for estimating the electrostatic component of Gibbs free energy of solvation of an ion. It is an electrostatic model that treats the solvent as a continuous dielectric medium (it is thus one member of a class of methods known as continuum solvation methods). It was derived by Max Born. w...	Born equation	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	211	[ "Thermodynamic properties", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Enthalpy", "Physical chemistry stubs" ]
38,131,962	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium%20diethyl%20dithiophosphate	Ammonium diethyl dithiophosphate or more systematically ammonium O,O′-diethyl dithiophosphate, is the ammonium salt of diethyl dithiophosphoric acid. It is used as a source of the (C2H5O)2PS2− ligand in coordination chemistry and in analytical chemistry for determination of various ions. It can be obtained by the react...	Ammonium diethyl dithiophosphate	[ "Chemistry" ]	170	[ "Phosphorothioates", "Ammonium compounds", "Functional groups", "Salts" ]
55,354,878	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%20degrees%20of%20freedom	In statistics, the non-central chi-squared distribution with zero degrees of freedom can be used in testing the null hypothesis that a sample is from a uniform distribution on the interval (0, 1). This distribution was introduced by Andrew F. Siegel in 1979. The chi-squared distribution with n degrees of freedom is th...	Zero degrees of freedom	[ "Mathematics" ]	218	[ "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations", "Mathematical objects", "Probability distributions" ]
55,361,903	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAP%20Converged%20Cloud	SAP Converged Cloud is a private managed cloud developed and marketed by SAP. It is a set of cloud computing services that offer managed private cloud based on an OpenStack technology-based public cloud. It is used by SAP's organization for their own internal IT resources to create a mix of different cloud computing e...	SAP Converged Cloud	[ "Technology" ]	693	[ "Cloud infrastructure", "Cloud platforms", "Computing platforms", "IT infrastructure" ]
55,362,020	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afroinsectivora	Afroinsectivora is a clade of mammals that includes the macroscelideans and afrosoricidans. This clade includes the elephant shrews, golden moles, tenrecs, and otter shrews. Phylogeny Classification Clade Afroinsectivora Order Macroscelidea Family Macroscelididae Order Afrosoricida Family Chrysochloridae Family...	Afroinsectivora	[ "Biology" ]	116	[ "Phylogenetics", "Afroinsectiphilia" ]
55,362,449	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C5-Hexadiene	1,5-Hexadiene is the organic compound with the formula (CH)(CH=CH). It is a colorless, volatile liquid. It is used as a crosslinking agent and precursor to a variety of other compounds. Synthesis 1,5-Hexadiene is produced commercially by the ethenolysis of 1,5-cyclooctadiene: (CHCH=CHCH) + 2 CH=CH → 2 (CH)CH=...	1,5-Hexadiene	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	159	[ "Monomers", "Polymer chemistry" ]
55,364,722	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GW170814	GW170814 was a gravitational wave signal from two merging black holes, detected by the LIGO and Virgo observatories on 14 August 2017. On 27 September 2017, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced the observation of the signal, the fourth confirmed event after GW150914, GW151226 and GW170104. It was the first binar...	GW170814	[ "Physics" ]	363	[ "Physical phenomena", "Black holes", "Stellar black holes", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Waves", "Gravitational waves" ]
55,366,444	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zisman%20Plot	The Zisman plot the graphical method of the Zisman theory or the Zisman method for characterizing the wettability of a solid surface , named for the American chemist and geophysicist, William Albert Zisman (1905–1986). It is a prominent Sessile drop technique used for characterizing liquid-surface interactions based o...	Zisman Plot	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,595	[ "Materials testing", "Condensed matter physics", "Surface science", "Materials science" ]
60,193,989	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert%20Morawetz	Herbert Morawetz (October 16, 1915 – October 29, 2017) was a Czechoslovakian-American chemical engineer. He was a professor of chemistry at Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn; now New York University. His work focused on polymer chemistry and macromolecules. He published two books: Macromolecules in Solution and Polyme...	Herbert Morawetz	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	200	[ "Materials science", "Polymer chemistry" ]
45,636,825	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erodibility	Erodability (or erodibility) is the inherent yielding or nonresistance of soils and rocks to erosion. A high erodibility implies that the same amount of work exerted by the erosion processes leads to a larger removal of material. Because the mechanics behind erosion depend upon the competence and coherence of the mater...	Erodibility	[ "Physics" ]	836	[ "Soil mechanics", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics" ]
45,637,989	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological%20functions%20of%20hydrogen%20sulfide	Hydrogen sulfide is produced in small amounts by some cells of the mammalian body and has a number of biological signaling functions. Only two other such gases are currently known: nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). The gas is produced from cysteine by the enzymes cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine...	Biological functions of hydrogen sulfide	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,656	[ "Gaseous signaling molecules", "Signal transduction" ]
45,638,041	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senolytic	A senolytic (from the words senescence and -lytic, "destroying") is among a class of small molecules under basic research to determine if they can selectively induce death of senescent cells and improve health in humans. A goal of this research is to discover or develop agents to delay, prevent, alleviate, or reverse a...	Senolytic	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	484	[ "Anti-aging substances", "Senescence", "Senescence in non-human organisms", "Cellular processes", "Metabolism" ]
45,639,003	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusion%20optics	Illusion optics is an electromagnetic theory that can change the optical appearance of an object to be exactly like that of another virtual object, i.e. an illusion, such as turning the look of an apple into that of a banana. Invisibility is a special case of illusion optics, which turns objects into illusions of free ...	Illusion optics	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	952	[ "Physical phenomena", "Optical illusions", "Metamaterials", "Materials science", "Optical phenomena" ]
45,640,647	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20modern%20period%20domes	Domes built in the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries benefited from more efficient techniques for producing iron and steel as well as advances in structural analysis. Metal-framed domes of the 19th century often imitated earlier masonry dome designs in a variety of styles, especially in church architecture, but were also...	History of modern period domes	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	8,783	[ "Structural system", "Structural engineering", "Roofs" ]
45,640,813	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schumann%E2%80%93Runge%20bands	The Schumann–Runge bands are a set of absorption bands of molecular oxygen that occur at wavelengths between 176 and 192.6 nanometres. The bands are named for Victor Schumann and Carl Runge. See also Triplet oxygen Atmospheric chemistry References External links Spectroscopy Atmospheric chemistry	Schumann–Runge bands	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	56	[ "Molecular physics", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Instrumental analysis", "nan", "Analytical chemistry stubs", "Spectroscopy" ]
45,642,500	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primetals%20Technologies	Primetals Technologies Limited, is an engineering and plant construction company headquartered in London, United Kingdom, with numerous locations worldwide. It serves clients in the metals industry, both the ferrous and the nonferrous metals sector. It was established as a joint venture between Siemens VAI Metals Tech...	Primetals Technologies	[ "Engineering" ]	2,639	[ "Industrial machine manufacturers", "Industrial machinery" ]
45,643,760	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cppdepend	CppDepend is a static analysis tool for C/C++ code. This tool supports a large number of code metrics, allows for visualization of dependencies using directed graphs and dependency matrix. The tools also performs code base snapshots comparison, and validation of architectural and quality rules. User-defined rules can b...	Cppdepend	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	544	[ "Software engineering", "Quantity", "Metrics", "Software metrics" ]
51,010,296	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics%20and%20semiconductor%20manufacturing%20industry%20in%20India	In the early twenty-first century; foreign investment, government regulations and incentives promoted growth in the Indian electronics industry. The semiconductor industry, which is its most important and resource-intensive sector, profited from the rapid growth in domestic demand. Many industries, including telecommun...	Electronics and semiconductor manufacturing industry in India	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	8,862	[ "Electrical resistance and conductance", "Physical quantities", "Semiconductors", "Materials", "Electronic engineering", "Condensed matter physics", "Solid state engineering", "Matter" ]
51,010,708	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20genetic%20engineering%20software	This article provides a list of genetic engineering software. Cloud-based freemium software Varstation NGS variants processing and analysis tool BaseSpace Variant Interpreter by Illumina Closed-source software VectorBee PeptiCloud BlueTractorSoftware DNADynamo Agilent Technologies RFLP Decoder Software, Fish Sp...	List of genetic engineering software	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	252	[ "Biological engineering", "Genetic engineering", "Molecular biology" ]
51,012,305	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid%20egg	The terms acid egg and montejus (or monte-jus) are sometimes used interchangeably to refer to a device with no moving parts formerly used instead of a pump in order to transfer difficult liquids. The principle is that a strong vessel containing the liquid is pressurized with gas or steam, forcing the liquid into a pipe...	Acid egg	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	416	[ "Pumps", "Turbomachinery", "Chemical equipment", "Physical systems", "Hydraulics", "nan" ]
51,016,079	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Elliott%20Mining%20Complex	Mount Elliott Mining Complex is a heritage-listed copper mine and smelter at Selwyn, Shire of Cloncurry, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by William Henry Corbould and built in 1908. It is also known as Mount Elliott Smelter and Selwyn. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 16 September 2011. Histo...	Mount Elliott Mining Complex	[ "Chemistry" ]	3,617	[ "Metallurgical processes", "Smelting" ]
51,016,663	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential%20forms%20on%20a%20Riemann%20surface	In mathematics, differential forms on a Riemann surface are an important special case of the general theory of differential forms on smooth manifolds, distinguished by the fact that the conformal structure on the Riemann surface intrinsically defines a Hodge star operator on 1-forms (or differentials) without specifyi...	Differential forms on a Riemann surface	[ "Engineering" ]	10,898	[ "Tensors", "Differential forms" ]
51,017,707	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean%20acidification%20in%20the%20Great%20Barrier%20Reef	Ocean acidification threatens the Great Barrier Reef by reducing the viability and strength of coral reefs. The Great Barrier Reef, considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world and a biodiversity hotspot, is located in Australia. Similar to other coral reefs, it is experiencing degradation due to ocean acid...	Ocean acidification in the Great Barrier Reef	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Biology", "Environmental_science" ]	3,300	[ "Hydrology", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Oceanography", "Chemical oceanography", "Ecosystems", "nan", "Aquatic ecology" ]
58,685,207	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kron%20reduction	In power engineering, Kron reduction is a method used to reduce or eliminate the desired node without need of repeating the steps like in Gaussian elimination. It is named after American electrical engineer Gabriel Kron. Description Kron reduction is a useful tool to eliminate unused nodes in a Y-parameter matrix. F...	Kron reduction	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	889	[ "Physical quantities", "Energy engineering", "Power (physics)", "Electric power", "Power engineering", "Electrical engineering" ]
58,686,423	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction%20to%20electromagnetism	Electromagnetism is one of the fundamental forces of nature. Early on, electricity and magnetism were studied separately and regarded as separate phenomena. Hans Christian Ørsted discovered that the two were related – electric currents give rise to magnetism. Michael Faraday discovered the converse, that magnetism c...	Introduction to electromagnetism	[ "Physics" ]	3,470	[ "Electromagnetism", "Physical phenomena", "Fundamental interactions" ]
57,218,361	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisor%20sum%20identities	The purpose of this page is to catalog new, interesting, and useful identities related to number-theoretic divisor sums, i.e., sums of an arithmetic function over the divisors of a natural number , or equivalently the Dirichlet convolution of an arithmetic function with one: These identities include applications to s...	Divisor sum identities	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,114	[ "Sequences and series", "Discrete mathematics", "Integer sequences", "Mathematical structures", "Recreational mathematics", "Summability methods", "Mathematical objects", "Combinatorics", "Arithmetic", "Numbers", "Number theory" ]
57,222,123	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch%20normalization	Batch normalization (also known as batch norm) is a method used to make training of artificial neural networks faster and more stable through normalization of the layers' inputs by re-centering and re-scaling. It was proposed by Sergey Ioffe and Christian Szegedy in 2015. The reasons behind the effectiveness of batch ...	Batch normalization	[ "Engineering" ]	3,406	[ "Software engineering", "Artificial intelligence engineering" ]
57,222,575	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AEConnect	AEConnect (AEC-1) is a submarine communications cable privately owned by Aqua Comms linking the United States and Ireland. The cable has extended connectivity via the CeltixConnect cable to London. Originally the cable project was called Emerald Express managed by Emerald Networks, and was intended to include a cable l...	AEConnect	[ "Engineering" ]	178	[ "Construction", "Coastal construction" ]
57,222,748	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecules%20%28journal%29	Biomolecules is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering various aspects of biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell biology research. It is published by MDPI and was established in 2011. The journal publishes research articles, reviews, and commentaries related to the structure, function, and interact...	Biomolecules (journal)	[ "Chemistry" ]	128	[ "Biochemistry journals", "Biochemistry literature" ]
57,223,306	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Functional%20Biomaterials	Journal of Functional Biomaterials is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering various aspects of biomaterials research. It is published by MDPI and was established in 2012. The editor-in-chief is Pankaj Vadgama (Queen Mary University of London). The journal publishes research articles, reviews, and com...	Journal of Functional Biomaterials	[ "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	159	[ "Materials science journals", "Materials science" ]
57,223,553	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomaterials%20%28journal%29	Nanomaterials is an interdisciplinary scientific journal that covers all aspects of nanomaterials. The journal publishes theoretical and experimental research articles and studies about synthesis and use of nanomaterials. It was founded in 2010. The journal is published by MDPI, as of 2022 editor in chief is Shirley ...	Nanomaterials (journal)	[ "Materials_science" ]	146	[ "Materials science stubs", "Nanotechnology journals", "Materials science journals", "Materials science journal stubs", "Nanotechnology stubs", "Nanotechnology" ]
46,944,668	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedman%27s%20SSCG%20function	In mathematics, a simple subcubic graph (SSCG) is a finite simple graph in which each vertex has a degree of at most three. Suppose we have a sequence of simple subcubic graphs G1, G2, ... such that each graph Gi has at most i + k vertices (for some integer k) and for no i < j is Gi homeomorphically embeddable into (i...	Friedman's SSCG function	[ "Mathematics" ]	502	[ "Discrete mathematics", "Mathematical theorems", "Order theory", "Mathematical logic", "Wellfoundedness", "Graph theory", "Theorems in discrete mathematics", "Combinatorics", "Mathematical relations", "Mathematical problems", "Mathematical induction" ]
46,946,727	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pralmorelin	Pralmorelin (INN) (brand name GHRP Kaken 100; former developmental code names KP-102, GPA-748, WAY-GPA-748), also known as pralmorelin hydrochloride (JAN) and pralmorelin dihydrochloride (USAN), as well as, notably, growth hormone-releasing peptide 2 (GHRP-2), is a growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) used as a diagnostic...	Pralmorelin	[ "Chemistry" ]	376	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Drug safety", "Abandoned drugs", "Peptides", "Molecular biology" ]
46,946,757	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curacin%20A	Curacin A is a hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS)/nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) derived natural product produced isolated from the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. Curacin A belongs to a family of natural products including jamaicamide, mupirocin, and pederin that have an unusual terminal alkene. Additionally, Cu...	Curacin A	[ "Chemistry" ]	835	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Natural products", "Polyketides" ]
46,947,088	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CG%20artist	CG artists (also known as computer graphics artists) create 2D and 3D art, usually for cinema, advertising or animation movies. A CG artist's work usually revolves around finding balance between artistic sensibilities and technical limitations while working within a development team. In a game development context, CG ...	CG artist	[ "Technology" ]	255	[ "Computer occupations" ]
46,950,491	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%20Fan%20lemma	In mathematics, Ky Fan's lemma (KFL) is a combinatorial lemma about labellings of triangulations. It is a generalization of Tucker's lemma. It was proved by Ky Fan in 1952. Definitions KFL uses the following concepts. : the closed n-dimensional ball. : its boundary sphere. T: a triangulation of . T is called boun...	Ky Fan lemma	[ "Mathematics" ]	838	[ "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Discrete mathematics", "Fixed-point theorems", "Theorems in topology", "Combinatorics" ]
46,955,123	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angles%20between%20flats	The concept of angles between lines (in the plane or in space), between two planes (dihedral angle) or between a line and a plane can be generalized to arbitrary dimensions. This generalization was first discussed by Camille Jordan. For any pair of flats in a Euclidean space of arbitrary dimension one can define a set ...	Angles between flats	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,676	[ "Geometric measurement", "Scalar physical quantities", "Physical quantities", "Linear algebra", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities", "Angle", "Algebra" ]
56,776,202	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribosystem	A tribosystem is a tribological system that consists of at least two contacting bodies and any environmental factor that affects their interaction. Tribologists study tribological systems in detail, and devise tribological test procedures. Definition According to ASTM G40-17, a tribosystem is "any system that contain...	Tribosystem	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	452	[ "Tribology", "Mechanical engineering", "Materials science", "Surface science" ]
56,777,468	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff%E2%80%93Helmholtz%20integral	The Kirchhoff–Helmholtz integral combines the Helmholtz equation with the Kirchhoff integral theorem to produce a method applicable to acoustics, seismology and other disciplines involving wave propagation. It states that the sound pressure is completely determined within a volume free of sources, if sound pressure an...	Kirchhoff–Helmholtz integral	[ "Physics" ]	82	[ "Equations of physics", "Acoustic equations" ]
56,784,168	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20system%20tribology	Open System Tribology is a field of tribology that studies tribological systems that are exposed to and affected by the natural environment. Overview Factors influencing the tribological process will vary with the operating environment. This environment may be closed or open. Closed systems (e.g., gears in a gearbox...	Open system tribology	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	264	[ "Tribology", "Mechanical engineering", "Materials science", "Surface science" ]
39,580,830	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry%20in%20quantum%20mechanics	Symmetries in quantum mechanics describe features of spacetime and particles which are unchanged under some transformation, in the context of quantum mechanics, relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, and with applications in the mathematical formulation of the standard model and condensed matter physi...	Symmetry in quantum mechanics	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	6,244	[ "Quantum field theory", "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics", "Special relativity", "Group theory", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Theory of relativity", "Pauli exclusion principle" ]
39,585,748	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthesis%20of%20bioglass	Bioactive glasses have been synthesized through methods such as conventional melting, quenching, the sol–gel process, flame synthesis, and microwave irradiation. The synthesis of bioglass has been reviewed by various groups, with sol-gel synthesis being one of the most frequently used methods for producing bioglass com...	Synthesis of bioglass	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	1,103	[ "Biomaterials", "Glass engineering and science", "Glass chemistry", "Materials", "Chemical synthesis", "nan", "Matter", "Medical technology" ]
52,478,131	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh%27s%20equation%20%28fluid%20dynamics%29	In fluid dynamics, Rayleigh's equation or Rayleigh stability equation is a linear ordinary differential equation to study the hydrodynamic stability of a parallel, incompressible and inviscid shear flow. The equation is: with the flow velocity of the steady base flow whose stability is to be studied and is the cross...	Rayleigh's equation (fluid dynamics)	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	778	[ "Equations of fluid dynamics", "Equations of physics", "Chemical engineering", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics" ]
52,480,271	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenLB	OpenLB is an object-oriented implementation of the lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM). It is the first implementation of a generic platform for LBM programming, which is shared with the open source community (GPLv2). The code is written in C++ and is used by application programmers as well as developers, with the ability ...	OpenLB	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	815	[ "Continuum mechanics", "Computational fluid dynamics", "Classical mechanics", "Computational physics", "Fluid dynamics" ]
36,713,242	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial%20differential%20algebraic%20equation	In mathematics a partial differential algebraic equation (PDAE) set is an incomplete system of partial differential equations that is closed with a set of algebraic equations. Definition A general PDAE is defined as: where: F is a set of arbitrary functions; x is a set of independent variables; y is a set of ...	Partial differential algebraic equation	[ "Mathematics" ]	268	[ "Calculus", "Computational mathematics", "Mathematical relations", "Numerical analysis", "Multivariable calculus", "Approximations" ]
36,713,796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean%20squared%20displacement	In statistical mechanics, the mean squared displacement (MSD, also mean square displacement, average squared displacement, or mean square fluctuation) is a measure of the deviation of the position of a particle with respect to a reference position over time. It is the most common measure of the spatial extent of random...	Mean squared displacement	[ "Physics" ]	1,552	[ "Physical phenomena", "Motion (physics)", "Mechanics", "Space", "Spacetime", "Statistical mechanics" ]
36,714,938	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian%20particle%20tracking	In experimental fluid mechanics, Lagrangian Particle Tracking refers to the process of determining trajectories of small neutrally buoyant particles (flow tracers) that are freely suspended within a turbulent flow field. These are usually obtained by 3-D Particle Tracking Velocimetry. A collection of such particle traj...	Lagrangian particle tracking	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	209	[ "Piping", "Chemical engineering", "Fluid dynamics stubs", "Fluid dynamics" ]
36,718,435	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netgear%20Switch%20Discovery%20Protocol	Netgear Switch Discovery Protocol (NSDP) is a management protocol for several network device families, designed by Netgear. Message structure Common message header Message body record structure Message body records are type–length–value (TLV) structures. Type field may be one of following values in the table(list i...	Netgear Switch Discovery Protocol	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	631	[ "Netgear", "Wireless networking", "Computer networks engineering", "Network management" ]
36,719,170	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetrizable%20compact%20operator	In mathematics, a symmetrizable compact operator is a compact operator on a Hilbert space that can be composed with a positive operator with trivial kernel to produce a self-adjoint operator. Such operators arose naturally in the work on integral operators of Hilbert, Korn, Lichtenstein and Marty required to solve ell...	Symmetrizable compact operator	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,142	[ "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations", "Mathematical objects", "Potential theory" ]
36,722,187	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajka%20Crystal	Ajka Crystal is a Hungarian manufacturer of crystal created in 1878 by Bernard Neumann. The company, one of the biggest in Central Europe, produces unique, handmade pieces of glass art. Ajka Crystal also goes under the name of "The Romanov Collection" in the United States. Ajka Crystal exports 90% of the factory's tota...	Ajka Crystal	[ "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	172	[ "Glass engineering and science", "Glassmaking companies", "Engineering companies" ]
36,722,204	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20scar	In quantum mechanics, quantum scarring is a phenomenon where the eigenstates of a classically chaotic quantum system have enhanced probability density around the paths of unstable classical periodic orbits. The instability of the periodic orbit is a decisive point that differentiates quantum scars from the more trivial...	Quantum scar	[ "Physics" ]	2,943	[ "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics" ]
36,722,513	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signatures%20with%20efficient%20protocols	Signatures with efficient protocols are a form of digital signature invented by Jan Camenisch and Anna Lysyanskaya in 2001. In addition to being secure digital signatures, they need to allow for the efficient implementation of two protocols: A protocol for computing a digital signature in a secure two-party computati...	Signatures with efficient protocols	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	207	[ "Applied mathematics", "Cryptography", "Cybersecurity engineering" ]
36,723,243	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nico%20van%20Kampen	Nicolaas 'Nico' Godfried van Kampen (June 22, 1921 – October 6, 2013) was a Dutch theoretical physicist, who worked mainly on statistical mechanics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Van Kampen was born in Leiden, and was a nephew of Frits Zernike. He studied physics at Leiden University, where in 1952 under the dire...	Nico van Kampen	[ "Physics" ]	601	[ "Quantum physicists", "Quantum mechanics" ]
48,634,391	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non%20ideal%20compressible%20fluid%20dynamics	Non ideal compressible fluid dynamics (NICFD), or non ideal gas dynamics, is a branch of fluid mechanics studying the dynamic behavior of fluids not obeying ideal-gas thermodynamics. It is for example the case of dense vapors, supercritical flows and compressible two-phase flows. With the term dense vapors, we indicate...	Non ideal compressible fluid dynamics	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	2,753	[ "Chemical engineering", "Civil engineering", "Thermodynamics", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics", "Fluid mechanics", "Dynamical systems" ]
48,640,009	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20active%20space%20perturbation%20theory	Complete active space perturbation theory (CASPTn) is a multireference electron correlation method for computational investigation of molecular systems, especially for those with heavy atoms such as transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides. It can be used, for instance, to describe electronic states of a system, w...	Complete active space perturbation theory	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	620	[ "Quantum chemistry", "Quantum mechanics", "Computational physics", "Electronic structure methods", "Computational chemistry" ]
48,643,701	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out-of-bag%20error	Out-of-bag (OOB) error, also called out-of-bag estimate, is a method of measuring the prediction error of random forests, boosted decision trees, and other machine learning models utilizing bootstrap aggregating (bagging). Bagging uses subsampling with replacement to create training samples for the model to learn from....	Out-of-bag error	[ "Mathematics" ]	852	[ "Computational statistics", "Computational mathematics" ]
34,148,348	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasicircle	In mathematics, a quasicircle is a Jordan curve in the complex plane that is the image of a circle under a quasiconformal mapping of the plane onto itself. Originally introduced independently by and , in the older literature (in German) they were referred to as quasiconformal curves, a terminology which also applied t...	Quasicircle	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,813	[ "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical analysis", "Mathematical objects", "Fractals", "Mechanics", "Mathematical relations", "Dynamical systems" ]

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