id stringlengths 2 8 | url stringlengths 31 117 | title stringlengths 1 71 | text stringlengths 153 118k | topic stringclasses 4
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12644 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis | Glycolysis | Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose () into pyruvate and, in most organisms, occurs in the liquid part of cells (the cytosol). The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Glyco... | Biology and health sciences | Cell processes | null |
12666 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluon | Gluon | A gluon ( ) is a type of massless elementary particle that mediates the strong interaction between quarks, acting as the exchange particle for the interaction. Gluons are massless vector bosons, thereby having a spin of 1. Through the strong interaction, gluons bind quarks into groups according to quantum chromodynamic... | Physical sciences | Bosons | null |
12673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois%20group | Galois group | In mathematics, in the area of abstract algebra known as Galois theory, the Galois group of a certain type of field extension is a specific group associated with the field extension. The study of field extensions and their relationship to the polynomials that give rise to them via Galois groups is called Galois theory,... | Mathematics | Abstract algebra | null |
12695 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%20representation | Group representation | In the mathematical field of representation theory, group representations describe abstract groups in terms of bijective linear transformations of a vector space to itself (i.e. vector space automorphisms); in particular, they can be used to represent group elements as invertible matrices so that the group operation ca... | Mathematics | Algebra | null |
12701 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich%20Mean%20Time | Greenwich Mean Time | Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the local mean time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, counted from midnight. At different times in the past, it has been calculated in different ways, including being calculated from noon; as a consequence, it cannot be used to specify a particular time unless a context is give... | Technology | Timekeeping | null |
12702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIF | GIF | The Graphics Interchange Format (GIF; or , ) is a bitmap image format that was developed by a team at the online services provider CompuServe led by American computer scientist Steve Wilhite and released on June 15, 1987.
The format can contain up to 8 bits per pixel, allowing a single image to reference its own pa... | Technology | File formats | null |
12713 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant%20panda | Giant panda | The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), also known as the panda bear or simply panda, is a bear species endemic to China. It is characterised by its white coat with black patches around the eyes, ears, legs and shoulders. Its body is rotund; adult individuals weigh and are typically long. It is sexually dimorphic, ... | Biology and health sciences | Carnivora | null |
12717 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe | Giraffe | The giraffe is a large African hoofed mammal belonging to the genus Giraffa. It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant on Earth. Traditionally, giraffes have been thought of as one species, Giraffa camelopardalis, with nine subspecies. Most recently, researchers proposed dividing them into fo... | Biology and health sciences | Artiodactyla | null |
12733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant%20planet | Giant planet | A giant planet, sometimes referred to as a jovian planet (Jove being another name for the Roman god Jupiter), is a diverse type of planet much larger than Earth. Giant planets are usually primarily composed of low-boiling point materials (volatiles), rather than rock or other solid matter, but massive solid planets can... | Physical sciences | Planetary science | null |
12737 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunpowder | Gunpowder | Gunpowder, also commonly known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive. It consists of a mixture of sulfur, charcoal (which is mostly carbon), and potassium nitrate (saltpeter). The sulfur and charcoal act as fuels while the saltpeter is an oxidizer. Gunp... | Technology | Energy | null |
12772 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas%20mask | Gas mask | A gas mask is a piece of personal protective equipment used to protect the wearer from inhaling airborne pollutants and toxic gases. The mask forms a sealed cover over the nose and mouth, but may also cover the eyes and other vulnerable soft tissues of the face. Most gas masks are also respirators, though the word gas ... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
12778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%20velocity | Group velocity | The group velocity of a wave is the velocity with which the overall envelope shape of the wave's amplitudes—known as the modulation or envelope of the wave—propagates through space.
For example, if a stone is thrown into the middle of a very still pond, a circular pattern of waves with a quiescent center appears in th... | Physical sciences | Waves | Physics |
12786 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20anaesthetic | General anaesthetic | General anaesthetics (or anesthetics) are often defined as compounds that induce a loss of consciousness in humans or loss of righting reflex in animals. Clinical definitions are also extended to include an induced coma that causes lack of awareness to painful stimuli, sufficient to facilitate surgical applications in ... | Biology and health sciences | Anesthetics | Health |
12796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype | Genotype | The genotype of an organism is its complete set of genetic material. Genotype can also be used to refer to the alleles or variants an individual carries in a particular gene or genetic location. The number of alleles an individual can have in a specific gene depends on the number of copies of each chromosome found in t... | Biology and health sciences | Genetics | Biology |
12806 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone | Gemstone | A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or polished, is used to make jewelry or other adornments. Certain rocks (such as lapis lazuli, opal, and obsidian) and occasionally organic materials that are not minerals (such as... | Physical sciences | Mineralogy | null |
12808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSM | GSM | The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. GSM is also a trade mark owned by the GSM Assoc... | Technology | Networks | null |
12821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gate | Gate | A gate or gateway is a point of entry to or from a space enclosed by walls. The word derived from old Norse "gat" meaning road or path; But other terms include yett and port. The concept originally referred to the gap or hole in the wall or fence, rather than a barrier which closed it. Gates may prevent or control the ... | Technology | Architectural elements | null |
12822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20fire | Greek fire | Greek fire was an incendiary weapon system used by the Byzantine Empire from the seventh to the fourteenth centuries. The recipe for Greek fire was a closely-guarded state secret; historians have variously speculated that it was based on saltpeter, sulfur, or quicklime, but most modern scholars agree that it was based ... | Technology | Incendiary weapons | null |
12832 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%20protein-coupled%20receptor | G protein-coupled receptor | G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related proteins that are cell surface receptors that detect molecules outside the cell... | Biology and health sciences | Cell processes | Biology |
12866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globular%20cluster | Globular cluster | A globular cluster is a spheroidal conglomeration of stars that is bound together by gravity, with a higher concentration of stars towards its center. It can contain anywhere from tens of thousands to many millions of member stars, all orbiting in a stable, compact formation. Globular clusters are similar in form to dw... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
12882 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallon | Gallon | The gallon is a unit of volume in British imperial units and United States customary units. Three different versions are in current use:
the imperial gallon (imp gal), defined as , which is or was used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and some Caribbean countries;
the US liquid gallon ... | Physical sciences | Volume | null |
12891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20therapy | Gene therapy | Gene therapy is a medical technology that aims to produce a therapeutic effect through the manipulation of gene expression or through altering the biological properties of living cells.
The first attempt at modifying human DNA was performed in 1980, by Martin Cline, but the first successful nuclear gene transfer in hu... | Technology | Biotechnology | null |
12903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gegenschein | Gegenschein | Gegenschein (; ; ) or counterglow is a faintly bright spot in the night sky centered at the antisolar point. The backscatter of sunlight by interplanetary dust causes this optical phenomenon, being a zodiacal light and part of its zodiacal light band.
Explanation
Like zodiacal light, gegenschein is sunlight scattered... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
2249912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio%20de%20Janeiro%20Metro | Rio de Janeiro Metro | The Rio de Janeiro Metro (, ), commonly referred to as just the Metrô () is a rapid transit network that serves the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Metrô was inaugurated on 5 March 1979, and consisted of five stations operating on a single line. The system currently covers a total of , serving 41 stations, divided ... | Technology | Brazil | null |
2250081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vital%20signs | Vital signs | Vital signs (also known as vitals) are a group of the four to six most crucial medical signs that indicate the status of the body's vital (life-sustaining) functions. These measurements are taken to help assess the general physical health of a person, give clues to possible diseases, and show progress toward recovery. ... | Biology and health sciences | Diagnostics | Health |
2252691 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorudon | Dorudon | Dorudon ("spear-tooth") is a genus of extinct basilosaurid ancient whales that lived alongside Basilosaurus 41.03 to 33.9 million years ago in the Eocene. It was a small whale, with D. atrox measuring long and weighing . Dorudon lived in warm seas around the world and fed on small fish and mollusks. Fossils have been ... | Biology and health sciences | Cetaceans | Animals |
12009271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turrid | Turrid | Turrid, plural turrids, is a common name for a very large group of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks which until recently were all classified in the family Turridae. However, recently the family was discovered to be polyphyletic and therefore was split into a number of families.
The original family Turri... | Biology and health sciences | Gastropods | Animals |
8867758 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology%20of%20Mars | Geology of Mars | The geology of Mars is the scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars. It emphasizes the composition, structure, history, and physical processes that shape the planet. It is analogous to the field of terrestrial geology. In planetary science, the term geology is used in its broadest sense t... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
16280838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demand-responsive%20transport | Demand-responsive transport | Demand-responsive transport (DRT), also known as demand-responsive transit, demand-responsive service, Dial-a-Ride transit (sometimes DART), flexible transport services, Microtransit, Non-Emergency Medical Transport (NEMT), Carpool or On-demand bus service is a form of shared private or quasi-public transport for group... | Technology | Motorized road transport | null |
16289428 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonesome%20George | Lonesome George | Lonesome George ( or , 1910 – June 24, 2012) was a male Pinta Island tortoise (Chelonoidis niger abingdonii) and the last known individual of the subspecies. In his last years, he was known as the rarest creature in the world. George serves as an important symbol for conservation efforts in the Galápagos Islands and t... | Biology and health sciences | Individual animals | Animals |
7376082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syagrus%20romanzoffiana | Syagrus romanzoffiana | Syagrus romanzoffiana, the queen palm, cocos palm or Jerivá, is a palm native to South America, introduced throughout the world as a popular ornamental garden tree. S. romanzoffiana is a medium-sized palm, quickly reaching maturity at a height of up to tall, with pinnate leaves having as many as 494 pinnae (leaflets),... | Biology and health sciences | Arecales (inc. Palms) | Plants |
7376964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clamator | Clamator | Clamator is a genus of large brood-parasitic cuckoos with crests and graduated tails.
The genus was erected by German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) as the type species. The name Clamator is Latin for "he who shouts" from clamare, "to shout".
Species
There ar... | Biology and health sciences | Cuculiformes and relatives | Animals |
11038318 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetamine | Methamphetamine | Methamphetamine (contracted from ) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is mainly used as a recreational or performance-enhancing drug and less commonly as a second-line treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It has also been researched as a potential treatment for traumatic b... | Biology and health sciences | Specific drugs | Health |
11038534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-of-life%20care | End-of-life care | End-of-life care (EOLC) is health care provided in the time leading up to a person's death. End-of-life care can be provided in the hours, days, or months before a person dies and encompasses care and support for a person's mental and emotional needs, physical comfort, spiritual needs, and practical tasks.
EoLC is mos... | Biology and health sciences | Medical procedures: General | Health |
11039790 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal | Animal | Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia (). With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, have myocytes and are able to move, can reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Animals form a cla... | Biology and health sciences | Science and medicine | null |
3103149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucestoda | Eucestoda | Eucestoda, commonly referred to as tapeworms, is the larger of the two subclasses of flatworms in the class Cestoda (the other subclass being Cestodaria). Larvae have six posterior hooks on the scolex (head), in contrast to the ten-hooked Cestodaria. All tapeworms are endoparasites of vertebrates, living in the digesti... | Biology and health sciences | Platyzoa | Animals |
3103702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taeniodonta | Taeniodonta | Taeniodonta ("banded teeth") is an extinct order of eutherian mammals, that lived in North America and Europe from the late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) to the middle Eocene.
Taeniodonts evolved quickly into highly specialized digging animals, and varied greatly in size, from rat-sized to species as large as a bear. Lat... | Biology and health sciences | Mammals: General | Animals |
1602490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensive-form%20game | Extensive-form game | In game theory, an extensive-form game is a specification of a game allowing (as the name suggests) for the explicit representation of a number of key aspects, like the sequencing of players' possible moves, their choices at every decision point, the (possibly imperfect) information each player has about the other play... | Mathematics | Game theory | null |
1602970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20set%20%28game%20theory%29 | Information set (game theory) | The information set is the basis for decision making in a game, which includes the actions available to both sides and the benefits of each action. The information set is an important concept in non-perfect games. In game theory, an information set represents all possible points (or decision nodes) in a game that a giv... | Mathematics | Game theory | null |
1604590 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clomipramine | Clomipramine | Clomipramine, sold under the brand name Anafranil among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). It is used in the treatment of various conditions, most notably obsessive–compulsive disorder but also many other disorders, including hyperacusis, panic disorder, major depressive disorder, trichotillomania, body dysmo... | Biology and health sciences | Psychiatric drugs | Health |
1605322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse%20proxy | Reverse proxy | In computer networks, a reverse proxy or surrogate server is a proxy server that appears to any client to be an ordinary web server, but in reality merely acts as an intermediary that forwards the client's requests to one or more ordinary web servers. Reverse proxies help increase scalability, performance, resilience, ... | Technology | Networks | null |
1605389 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinity%20symbol | Infinity symbol | The infinity symbol () is a mathematical symbol representing the concept of infinity. This symbol is also called a lemniscate, after the lemniscate curves of a similar shape studied in algebraic geometry, or "lazy eight", in the terminology of livestock branding.
This symbol was first used mathematically by John Walli... | Mathematics | Basics | null |
5640856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longfin%20mako%20shark | Longfin mako shark | The longfin mako shark (Isurus paucus) is a species of mackerel shark in the family Lamnidae, with a probable worldwide distribution in temperate and tropical waters. An uncommon species, it is typically lumped together under the name "mako" with its better-known relative, the shortfin mako shark (I. oxyrinchus). The l... | Biology and health sciences | Sharks | Animals |
5643937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music%20and%20mathematics | Music and mathematics | Music theory analyzes the pitch, timing, and structure of music. It uses mathematics to study elements of music such as tempo, chord progression, form, and meter. The attempt to structure and communicate new ways of composing and hearing music has led to musical applications of set theory, abstract algebra and number t... | Mathematics | Applied mathematics | null |
5644788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merycoidodontoidea | Merycoidodontoidea | Merycoidodontoidea, previously known as "oreodonts" or "ruminating hogs," are an extinct superfamily of prehistoric cud-chewing artiodactyls with short faces and fang-like canine teeth. As their name implies, some of the better known forms were generally hog-like, and the group has traditionally been placed within the ... | Biology and health sciences | Other artiodactyla | Animals |
9556852 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark%20epoch | Quark epoch | In physical cosmology, the quark epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe when the fundamental interactions of gravitation, electromagnetism, the strong interaction and the weak interaction had taken their present forms, but the temperature of the universe was still too high to allow quarks to bind t... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | Astronomy |
12024353 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastocladiomycota | Blastocladiomycota | Blastocladiomycota is one of the currently recognized phyla within the kingdom Fungi. Blastocladiomycota was originally the order Blastocladiales within the phylum Chytridiomycota until molecular and zoospore ultrastructural characters were used to demonstrate it was not monophyletic with Chytridiomycota. The order wa... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Plants |
12029940 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20of%20Yokohama | Port of Yokohama | The is operated by the Port and Harbor Bureau of the City of Yokohama in Japan. It opens onto Tokyo Bay. The port is located at a latitude of 35.27–00°N and a longitude of 139.38–46°E. To the south lies the Port of Yokosuka; to the north, the ports of Kawasaki and Tokyo.
History
The Treaty of Amity and Commerce of 1... | Technology | Specific piers and ports | null |
1039124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar%20structure | Stellar structure | Stellar structure models describe the internal structure of a star in detail and make predictions about the luminosity, the color and the future evolution of the star. Different classes and ages of stars have different internal structures, reflecting their elemental makeup and energy transport mechanisms.
Heat transp... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | null |
1039146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional%20drilling | Directional drilling | Directional drilling (or slant drilling) is the practice of drilling non-vertical bores. It can be broken down into four main groups: oilfield directional drilling, utility installation directional drilling, directional boring (horizontal directional drilling - HDD), and surface in seam (SIS), which horizontally inters... | Technology | Disciplines | null |
1039295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion%20tamarin | Lion tamarin | The four species of lion tamarins or maned marmosets make up the genus Leontopithecus. They are small New World monkeys named for the mane surrounding their face, similar to the mane of a lion.
Description
Living in the eastern rainforests of Brazil, like all other callitrichids they are arboreal. Lion tamarins weigh... | Biology and health sciences | New World monkeys | Animals |
1039305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilosaurus | Basilosaurus | Basilosaurus (meaning "king lizard") is a genus of large, predatory, prehistoric archaeocete whale from the late Eocene, approximately 41.3 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). First described in 1834, it was the first archaeocete and prehistoric whale known to science. Fossils attributed to the type species B. cetoides we... | Biology and health sciences | Cetaceans | Animals |
1039393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrewsarchus | Andrewsarchus | Andrewsarchus (), meaning "Andrews' ruler", is an extinct genus of artiodactyl that lived during the Middle Eocene in what is now China. The genus was first described by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1924 with the type species A. mongoliensis based on a largely complete cranium. A second species, A. crassum, was described ... | Biology and health sciences | Other artiodactyla | Animals |
1040920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma%20bond | Sigma bond | In chemistry, sigma bonds (σ bonds) or sigma overlap are the strongest type of covalent chemical bond. They are formed by head-on overlapping between atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis. Sigma bonding is most simply defined for diatomic molecules using the language and tools of symmetry groups. In this formal ... | Physical sciences | Bond structure | Chemistry |
1041031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dracunculiasis | Dracunculiasis | Dracunculiasis, also called Guinea-worm disease, is a parasitic infection by the Guinea worm, Dracunculus medinensis. A person becomes infected by drinking water contaminated with Guinea-worm larvae that reside inside copepods (a type of small crustacean). Stomach acid digests the copepod and releases the Guinea worm, ... | Biology and health sciences | Helminthic diseases and infestations | Health |
1042259 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landline | Landline | A landline is a telephone connection that uses metal wires or optic fibre from the owner's premises also referred to as: POTS, Twisted pair, telephone line or public switched telephone network (PSTN).
Landline services are traditionally provided via an analogue copper wire to a telephone exchange. Landline service is... | Technology | Telecommunications | null |
1042263 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poynting%27s%20theorem | Poynting's theorem | In electrodynamics, Poynting's theorem is a statement of conservation of energy for electromagnetic fields developed by British physicist John Henry Poynting. It states that in a given volume, the stored energy changes at a rate given by the work done on the charges within the volume, minus the rate at which energy lea... | Physical sciences | Electrodynamics | Physics |
4240292 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyra | Porphyra | Porphyra is a genus of coldwater seaweeds that grow in cold, shallow seawater. More specifically, it belongs to red algae phylum of laver species (from which comes laverbread), comprising approximately 70 species. It grows in the intertidal zone, typically between the upper intertidal zone and the splash zone in cold w... | Biology and health sciences | Bikonts | Plants |
4240766 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upland%20and%20lowland | Upland and lowland | Upland and lowland are conditional descriptions of a plain based on elevation above sea level. In studies of the ecology of freshwater rivers, habitats are classified as upland or lowland.
Definitions
Upland and lowland are portions of a plain that are conditionally categorized by their elevation above the sea level... | Physical sciences | Landforms: General | Earth science |
4242000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20system%20protection | Power system protection | Power system protection is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electrical power systems from faults through the disconnection of faulted parts from the rest of the electrical network. The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the com... | Technology | Electrical protective devices | null |
5651850 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coryphodon | Coryphodon | Coryphodon (from Greek , "point", and , "tooth", meaning peaked tooth, referring to "the development of the angles of the ridges into points [on the molars].") is an extinct genus of pantodonts of the family Coryphodontidae.
Coryphodon was a pantodont, a member of the world's first group of large browsing mammals. It ... | Biology and health sciences | Mammals: General | Animals |
5654027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapse | Synapse | In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that allows a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or a target effector cell. Synapses can be classified as either chemical or electrical, depending on the mechanism of signal transmission between neurons. In the case of electr... | Biology and health sciences | Nervous system | Biology |
5655064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owner%27s%20manual | Owner's manual | An owner's manual (also called an instruction manual or a user guide) is an instructional book or booklet that is supplied with almost all technologically advanced consumer products such as vehicles, home appliances and computer peripherals.
Information contained in the owner's manual typically includes:
Safety instru... | Technology | Machinery and tools: General | null |
5655988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anancus | Anancus | Anancus is an extinct genus of "tetralophodont gomphothere" native to Afro-Eurasia, that lived from the Tortonian stage of the late Miocene until its extinction during the Early Pleistocene, roughly from 8.5–2 million years ago.
Taxonomy
Anancus was named by Auguste Aymard in 1855. It is traditionally allocated to Go... | Biology and health sciences | Proboscidea | Animals |
11052024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical%20cyclone%20track%20forecasting | Tropical cyclone track forecasting | Tropical cyclone track forecasting involves predicting where a tropical cyclone is going to track over the next five days, every 6 to 12 hours. The history of tropical cyclone track forecasting has evolved from a single-station approach to a comprehensive approach which uses a variety of meteorological tools and metho... | Physical sciences | Storms | Earth science |
11059653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprite%20%28lightning%29 | Sprite (lightning) | Sprites or red sprites are large-scale electric discharges that occur in the mesosphere, high above thunderstorm clouds, or cumulonimbus, giving rise to a varied range of visual shapes flickering in the night sky. They are usually triggered by the discharges of positive lightning between an underlying thundercloud and ... | Physical sciences | Storms | Earth science |
2254751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LBV%201806%E2%88%9220 | LBV 1806−20 | LBV 1806−20 is a candidate luminous blue variable (LBV) and likely binary star located around from the Sun, towards the center of the Milky Way. It has an estimated mass of around 36 solar masses and an estimated variable luminosity of around two million times that of the Sun. It is highly luminous but is invisible fr... | Physical sciences | Notable stars | Astronomy |
2255608 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tephritidae | Tephritidae | The Tephritidae are one of two fly families referred to as fruit flies, the other family being the Drosophilidae. The family Tephritidae does not include the biological model organisms of the genus Drosophila (in the family Drosophilidae), which is often called the "common fruit fly". Nearly 5,000 described species of ... | Biology and health sciences | Flies (Diptera) | Animals |
2256307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20spadefoot%20toad | European spadefoot toad | The European spadefoot toads are a family of frogs, the Pelobatidae, with only one extant genus Pelobates, containing six species. They are native to Europe, the Mediterranean, northwestern Africa, and western Asia.
Description
The European spadefoot toad grows up to in length and is often inconspicuously coloured.... | Biology and health sciences | Frogs and toads | Animals |
2256337 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20spectrum%20pollution | Radio spectrum pollution | Radio spectrum pollution is the straying of waves in the radio and electromagnetic spectrums outside their allocations that cause problems for some activities. It is of particular concern to radio astronomers.
Radio spectrum pollution is mitigated by effective spectrum management. Within the United States, the Commu... | Physical sciences | Radio astronomy | Astronomy |
2259059 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronometry | Chronometry | Chronometry or horology () is the science studying the measurement of time and timekeeping. Chronometry enables the establishment of standard measurements of time, which have applications in a broad range of social and scientific areas. Horology usually refers specifically to the study of mechanical timekeeping device... | Physical sciences | Basics | Basics and measurement |
16301990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User%20%28computing%29 | User (computing) | A user is a person who utilizes a computer or network service.
A user often has a user account and is identified to the system by a username (or user name).
Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
End user
End users are the ultimate human users (also referred to as opera... | Technology | Computer security | null |
16302780 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysaora%20fuscescens | Chrysaora fuscescens | Chrysaora fuscescens, the Pacific sea nettle or West Coast sea nettle, is a widespread planktonic scyphozoan cnidarian—or medusa, "jellyfish" or "jelly"—that lives in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, in temperate to cooler waters off of British Columbia and the West Coast of the United States, ranging south to México. T... | Biology and health sciences | Cnidarians | Animals |
58550 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymine | Thymine | Thymine () (symbol T or Thy) is one of the four nucleotide bases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G–C–A–T. The others are adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. In RNA, thymine is replaced by the nucleobase uracil. Thymine was fir... | Biology and health sciences | Nucleic acids | Biology |
58610 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Euclidean%20geometry | Non-Euclidean geometry | In mathematics, non-Euclidean geometry consists of two geometries based on axioms closely related to those that specify Euclidean geometry. As Euclidean geometry lies at the intersection of metric geometry and affine geometry, non-Euclidean geometry arises by either replacing the parallel postulate with an alternative,... | Mathematics | Geometry | null |
58637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erysipelas | Erysipelas | Erysipelas () is a relatively common bacterial infection of the superficial layer of the skin (upper dermis), extending to the superficial lymphatic vessels within the skin, characterized by a raised, well-defined, tender, bright red rash, typically on the face or legs, but which can occur anywhere on the skin. It is a... | Biology and health sciences | Bacterial infections | Health |
58646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait | Strait | A strait is a water body connecting two seas or two water basins. While the landform generally constricts the flow, the surface water still flows, for the most part, at the same elevation on both sides and through the strait in both directions. In some straits there may be a dominant directional current through the str... | Physical sciences | Oceanography | Earth science |
58664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas%20turbine | Gas turbine | A gas turbine or gas turbine engine is a type of continuous flow internal combustion engine. The main parts common to all gas turbine engines form the power-producing part (known as the gas generator or core) and are, in the direction of flow:
a rotating gas compressor
a combustor
a compressor-driving turbine.
Addi... | Technology | Electricity generation and distribution | null |
58673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid%20hydrogen | Liquid hydrogen | Liquid hydrogen () is the liquid state of the element hydrogen. Hydrogen is found naturally in the molecular H2 form.
To exist as a liquid, H2 must be cooled below its critical point of 33 K. However, for it to be in a fully liquid state at atmospheric pressure, H2 needs to be cooled to . A common method of obtaining ... | Physical sciences | s-Block | Chemistry |
58685 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamus | Hypothalamus | The hypothalamus (: hypothalami; ) is a small part of the vertebrate brain that contains a number of nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus and is part of the li... | Biology and health sciences | Endocrine system | Biology |
58686 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral%20cortex | Cerebral cortex | The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals. It is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system, and plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consc... | Biology and health sciences | Nervous system | null |
58690 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20structure | Crystal structure | In crystallography, crystal structure is a description of ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material. Ordered structures occur from intrinsic nature of constituent particles to form symmetric patterns that repeat along the principal directions of three-dimensional space in matter.
The s... | Physical sciences | Crystallography | Physics |
58708 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20buffalo | Water buffalo | The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), also called domestic water buffalo, Asian water buffalo and Asiatic water buffalo, is a large bovid originating in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Today, it is also kept in Italy, the Balkans, Australia, North America, South America and some African countries. Two extant... | Biology and health sciences | Artiodactyla | null |
58727 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alum | Alum | An alum () is a type of chemical compound, usually a hydrated double sulfate salt of aluminium with the general formula , such that is a monovalent cation such as potassium or ammonium. By itself, "alum" often refers to potassium alum, with the formula . Other alums are named after the monovalent ion, such as sodium a... | Physical sciences | Salts | null |
58811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teff | Teff | Teff (), also known as Eragrostis tef, Williams lovegrass, or annual bunch grass, is an annual grass, a species of lovegrass native to Ethiopia, where it first originated in the Ethiopian Highlands. It is cultivated for its edible seeds, also known as teff. Teff was one of the earliest plants domesticated. It is one ... | Biology and health sciences | Grains | Plants |
58859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen | Allergen | An allergen is an otherwise harmless substance that triggers an allergic reaction in sensitive individuals by stimulating an immune response.
In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen that is capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses. M... | Biology and health sciences | Specific diseases | Health |
58862 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three%20utilities%20problem | Three utilities problem | The classical mathematical puzzle known as the three utilities problem or sometimes water, gas and electricity asks for non-crossing connections to be drawn between three houses and three utility companies in the plane. When posing it in the early 20th century, Henry Dudeney wrote that it was already an old problem. It... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
58863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6del%27s%20incompleteness%20theorems | Gödel's incompleteness theorems | Gödel's incompleteness theorems are two theorems of mathematical logic that are concerned with the limits of in formal axiomatic theories. These results, published by Kurt Gödel in 1931, are important both in mathematical logic and in the philosophy of mathematics. The theorems are widely, but not universally, interpr... | Mathematics | Discrete mathematics | null |
58875 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maclura%20pomifera | Maclura pomifera | Maclura pomifera, commonly known as the Osage orange ( ), is a small deciduous tree or large shrub, native to the south-central United States. It typically grows about tall. The distinctive fruit, a multiple fruit that resembles an immature orange, is roughly spherical, bumpy, in diameter, and turns bright yellow-gre... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | Plants |
58880 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar%20substitute | Sugar substitute | A sugar substitute is a food additive that provides a sweetness like that of sugar while containing significantly less food energy than sugar-based sweeteners, making it a zero-calorie () or low-calorie sweetener. Artificial sweeteners may be derived through manufacturing of plant extracts or processed by chemical synt... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
58883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrus | Cedrus | Cedrus, with the common English name cedar, is a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae (subfamily Abietoideae). They are native to the mountains of the western Himalayas and the Mediterranean region, occurring at altitudes of in the Himalayas and in the Mediterranean.
Description
Cedrus trees can ... | Biology and health sciences | Gymnosperms | null |
58890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin | Resin | A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds, and predominantly terpenes. Well known resins include amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-d... | Physical sciences | Terpenes and terpenoids | Chemistry |
58900 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned%20aerial%20vehicle | Unmanned aerial vehicle | An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), or unmanned aircraft system (UAS), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft with no human pilot, crew, or passengers onboard. UAVs were originally developed through the twentieth century for military missions too "dull, dirty or dangerous" for humans, and by the twenty-first, they had... | Technology | Aviation | null |
58906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gland | Gland | A gland is a cell or an organ in an animal's body that produces and secretes different substances that the organism needs, either into the bloodstream or into a body cavity or outer surface. A gland may also function to remove unwanted substances such as urine from the body.
There are two types of gland, each with a d... | Biology and health sciences | Animal anatomy and morphology | Biology |
58911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles | Measles | Measles (probably from Middle Dutch or Middle High German masel(e) ("blemish, blood blister")) is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease caused by measles virus. Other names include morbilli, rubeola, red measles, and English measles. Both rubella, also known as German measles, and roseola are dif... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
58921 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20disaster | Natural disaster | A natural disaster is the very harmful impact on a society or community after a natural hazard event. Some examples of natural hazard events include avalanches, droughts, earthquakes, floods, heat waves, landslides, tropical cyclones, volcanic activity and wildfires. Additional natural hazards include blizzards, dust s... | Physical sciences | Natural disasters | null |
58937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphtheria | Diphtheria | Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Most infections are asymptomatic or have a mild clinical course, but in some outbreaks, the mortality rate approaches 10%. Signs and symptoms may vary from mild to severe, and usually start two to five days after exposure. Symptoms often d... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
58950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy%20cluster | Galaxy cluster | A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. They are the second-largest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe after some super... | Physical sciences | Basics_2 | Astronomy |
58968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observatory | Observatory | An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.
The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote a... | Physical sciences | Observational astronomy | null |
58991 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog | Fog | Fog is a visible aerosol consisting of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near the Earth's surface. Fog can be considered a type of low-lying cloud usually resembling stratus and is heavily influenced by nearby bodies of water, topography, and wind conditions. In turn, fog affects many human... | Physical sciences | Clouds | null |
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