sot_question stringlengths 42 9.8k | ds_name stringclasses 8
values | pred_label int64 0 2 | logits listlengths 3 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
['For the purpose of colorectal cancer detection, we investigated fibrillin-2 (FBN2) methylation in the serum of colorectal cancer patients using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP).', 'Out of 78 patients with colorectal cancer, 49 (63%) exhibited methylation of FBN2 in their tumor tissue... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8474228382110596,
-1.4111430644989014,
2.333380699157715
] |
['Past work has established that human glioblastomas and breast cancer cells invariably express the activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) and that loss of function of ATF5 caused massive apoptotic death of all cancer cell lines tested. ATF5 expression and function in pancreatic cancer cells have not been investigate... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4901485443115234,
-1.2327122688293457,
2.791728973388672
] |
['Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, is known to play a role in the protection of cells against oxidative stress, inflammation, anomalous proliferation and apoptosis. As yet, the role of HO-1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and metastasis remains unclear and... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3839173316955566,
-1.2612831592559814,
2.715022563934326
] |
["Glycyrrhizin (GL) has been found to inhibit extracellular HMGB1 cytokine's activity, and protect spinal cord, liver and brain against I/R-induced injury in experimental animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of GL in rat myocardial I/R-induced injury and to elucidate the underlyin... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.277679920196533,
-1.4560139179229736,
2.72385835647583
] |
['Successful outcomes have been obtained by exploiting adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine. NADPH oxidase (NOX)-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to control stem cell self-renewal. Several high glucose (HG)-mediated effects depend on NOX-generated ROS. In this study, we investigat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.388009786605835,
-1.338966965675354,
2.704145669937134
] |
['To determine the long-term safety of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in eyes with plaque-irradiated posterior uveal melanoma.', 'In this retrospective case series, patients with plaque-irradiated posterior uveal melanoma subsequently underwent PPV for vitreous hemorrhage. The main outcome measures are the rates of intrao... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.034775733947754,
-1.414592981338501,
2.481163740158081
] |
['We previously demonstrated that short-term treatment with a standardized kudzu extract (NPI-031) reduced alcohol drinking by men and women in a natural setting. The present study was conducted in nontreatment-seeking heavy drinkers to assess the safety and efficacy of 4\xa0weeks of kudzu extract in an outpatient sett... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2495853900909424,
-1.1233704090118408,
2.4229259490966797
] |
['Increased body mass index (BMI) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with a greater burden of symptoms and poor perceptions of the benefits of exercise. In AS, the effect of obesity on disease characteristics and exercise perceptions is unknown. We evaluated the prevalence of obesity in AS, to a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.9110387563705444,
-1.0208215713500977,
1.070246696472168
] |
['Comparative proteomics identified the plasma protein afamin as potential biomarker for ovarian cancer (OC). Significantly decreased afamin plasma concentrations in pre-therapeutic OC patients reconstituted to control values after successful tumor surgery. This study evaluates the association of afamin with survival a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7737492322921753,
-1.5359106063842773,
2.304839849472046
] |
['Genome-wide association studies of asthma have implicated many genetic risk factors, with well-replicated associations at approximately 10 loci that account for only a small proportion of the genetic risk.', 'We aimed to identify additional asthma risk loci by performing an extensive replication study of the results ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4150117635726929,
-0.6756402850151062,
1.1385548114776611
] |
['Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is an effective treatment for patients with terminal chronic liver disease, despite the high incidence of biliary complications. The objective is to evaluate the results and long-term impact of biliary complications after THDV.', 'From 2000 to 2010, 70 right lobe LDLT were pe... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.5434821844100952,
-1.1507153511047363,
1.6750919818878174
] |
['The objective of this study was to assess the predictive value of clinical and exercise test variables in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).', 'A customized symptom-limited ramp treadmill protocol was used to assess 725 PAD patients referred for exercise testing at the Palo Alto Veterans Hospital betwee... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7665401697158813,
-1.1674187183380127,
1.9809801578521729
] |
['Wildtype p53 and Smad4 are important suppressor genes in tumor genesis and development. The mutation in p53 gene is closely related to the early formation of breast cancer. In this research, we try to explore the status of Smad4 in breast cancer cell line MCF7 after knocking down p53.', "MCF-7 was bought from America... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.342785596847534,
-1.1869184970855713,
2.633709669113159
] |
['Frailty is a phenotype characterized by complex and challenging medical problems and higher susceptibility to adverse health outcomes. It can be derived at by a multidimensional process known as comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), which assesses the functional reserves of the elderly. In this study we report fo... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1166702508926392,
-1.3612701892852783,
1.4239789247512817
] |
['The ideal management of cholelithiasis and common bile duct stones still is controversial. Although the two-stage sequential approach remains the prevalent management, several trials have concluded that the so-called laparoendoscopic rendezvous (LERV) technique offers some advantages, such as a reduced risk of post-E... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8796638250350952,
-1.5949808359146118,
2.4740302562713623
] |
['Patients with significant comorbidities often are denied laparoscopic colorectal resections, because they are thought to be too "high-risk." This study was designed to examine the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic colorectal resections in high-risk colorectal cancer patients and to compare them with a similar co... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.890311360359192,
-1.23439621925354,
2.152315139770508
] |
['Myostatin, a member of the TGFβ superfamily, is well known as a potent and specific negative regulator of muscle growth. Targeting the myostatin signalling pathway may offer promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of muscle-wasting disorders. In the last decade, various myostatin-binding proteins have been... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3962481021881104,
-1.2944227457046509,
2.7011096477508545
] |
['Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a molecular determinant regulating the extracellular matrix calcification. To further confirm whether the MGP genetic polymorphism was universally associated with the risk of kidney stone, we investigated the association of genetic polymorphisms of MGP with kidney stone in the Chinese Han ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7807713747024536,
-1.2648305892944336,
2.1168904304504395
] |
['We aimed to compare serum cystatin C levels (sCysC) in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) with a control group and to investigate whether it could be used as a predictor for acute kidney injury (AKI).', 'sCysC was measured in 62 neonates with RDS (n\u2009=\u200928) and control neonates without ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9448109865188599,
-1.3355101346969604,
2.3467607498168945
] |
['Heparin-binding growth factor signaling is involved in the pathogenesis and development of human cancers. It can be regulated by sulfation of cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). SULF1 is a heparin-degrading endosulfatase which can modulate the sulfation of HSPGs.', 'The purpose of this study was to elu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3893191814422607,
-1.1341592073440552,
2.5428290367126465
] |
["Histopathologic differentiation between the stages of Barrett's carcinogenesis is often challenging. Liver-intestine (LI)-cadherin, an intestine-specific marker, is involved in intestinal metaplasia development in gastric and colon cancers and could be of value in diagnosis and differentiation.", "To examine the expr... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0571513175964355,
-1.5254507064819336,
2.6161210536956787
] |
['Growth of the small intestine in the infant rat is promoted by crypt fission and later by increased crypt cell proliferation. Notch signaling could promote crypt fission. Hes-1 is a Notch target gene.', 'We assessed the effect of Notch signaling on intestinal crypt fission and on growth of the intestine in the infant... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.9917953610420227,
-1.7313644886016846,
1.722360372543335
] |
['Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is widely used for treatment of a variety of human malignant solid and metastatic tumors, including esophageal cancer. However, the clinical effect of this drug is limited because of intrinsic and acquired resistance to it. Organic cation transporters (OCTs) are important in the cellular ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.568424940109253,
-1.0723297595977783,
2.743741989135742
] |
['A number of studies have found an increased risk of lower extremity injuries in obese patients. Most studies, however, are unable to provide stable population-based estimates based on the degree of obesity and few assess the risk pertaining to more detailed fracture location in the lower extremities.', 'We therefore ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6036924123764038,
-0.9761360287666321,
1.6819736957550049
] |
['Parkin is recruited to defective mitochondria to promote degradation by an autophagy mechanism (mitophagy).', 'VDACs specifically interact with Parkin on defective mitochondria and are required for efficient targeting of Parkin to mitochondria and subsequent mitophagy.'] Do voltage-dependent anion channels ( VDACs ) ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.559913158416748,
-0.6382452249526978,
2.2029356956481934
] |
['Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation increases energy consumption and may help in the treatment of obesity. Cold exposure is the main physiological stimulus for BAT thermogenesis and the sympathetic nervous system, which innervates BAT, is essential in this process. However, cold-induced BAT activation is impaired i... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.284351110458374,
-1.2775921821594238,
2.620785713195801
] |
['Surfactant deficiency is the pivotal abnormality in Neonatal and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Surfactant deactivation can produce hypoxemia, loss of lung compliance, and pulmonary edema, but its circulatory consequences are less understood.', 'To describe the sequential hemodynamic changes and pulmonary edema... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.407381057739258,
-1.3265726566314697,
2.7847256660461426
] |
['Thousands of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are weakly associated with schizophrenia. It is likely that subsets of disease-associated SNPs are associated with distinct heritable disease-associated phenotypes. Therefore, we examined the shared genetic susceptibility modulating schizophrenia and brain vo... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.44033682346344,
-0.8415913581848145,
1.2623496055603027
] |
['To assess the association between weight status and dental caries among 12-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren.', 'This cross-sectional study was carried out in Porto Alegre using a multistage probability sampling strategy to draw a representative sample of schoolchildren attending public and private schools. Data on d... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.376971960067749,
-1.1680150032043457,
0.6570395231246948
] |
['Globally there are approximately 9 million new active tuberculosis cases and 1.4 million deaths annually. Effective antituberculosis treatment monitoring is difficult as there are no existing biomarkers of poor adherence or inadequate treatment earlier than 2 months after treatment initiation. Inadequate treatment le... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3874027729034424,
-0.9121047854423523,
2.428342342376709
] |
['Secreted factors from epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) have been implicated in the development of cardiomyocyte dysfunction. This study aimed to assess whether alterations in the secretory profile of EAT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) affect contractile function and insulin action in cardiomyocytes.',... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4099361896514893,
-1.3742215633392334,
2.8013246059417725
] |
['To explore the association between genetic polymorphisms of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and susceptibility, chemotherapy response rate and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).', 'This is a prospective study in which 562 patients with NSCLC and 764 healthy controls were enrolled... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2987024784088135,
-1.0954099893569946,
2.4272427558898926
] |
['Some alexithymic features are similar to negative symptoms of schizophrenia, while somatosensory amplification has been defined as an abnormal perceptual style that could be related to hallucinations and positive schizophrenic symptoms. This study analyzed whether both psychological constructs are related to the type... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.903887391090393,
-0.4359925091266632,
1.4909765720367432
] |
['Human congenital non-syndromic hydrocephalus is a vastly heterogeneous condition. A subgroup of cases are not secondary to a specific cause (eg, a neural tube defect), and within this subgroup, autosomal recessive inheritance has been described. One homozygous mutation in the DAPLE (Dvl-associating protein with a hig... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4183380603790283,
-1.134613275527954,
2.603703498840332
] |
['The role of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis remains unclear.', 'We evaluated the role of TNF-α and NSMAF gene product factor associated with neutral sphingomyelinase activation, a protein adaptor of the TNF-α receptor-1, in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepa... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4414827823638916,
-1.3317738771438599,
2.829529047012329
] |
['Optimal vitamin D status is known to have beneficial health effects and vitamin D supplements are commonly used. It has been suggested that vitamin D supplementation may increase blood lead in children and adults with previous lead exposure. The objective was to determine the safety regarding lead toxicity during 12 ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.634300172328949,
-1.4030604362487793,
1.150407314300537
] |
["The aim of the study was to describe parents' experiences and the information used when making decisions about tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor (TNFαi) treatment.", 'We interviewed parents of children with Crohn disease (CD) or juvenile idiopathic arthritis who had experience deciding about TNFαi treatment. Intervie... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.195441246032715,
0.21732346713542938,
1.027339220046997
] |
['Prostate morphogenesis initiates in the urogenital sinus (UGS) with epithelial bud development. Sulfatase-1 (SULF1) inhibits bud development by reducing extracellular heparan sulfate (HS) 6-O sulfation and impairing FGF10 signaling by means of the ERK1/2 mitogen activated kinases.', 'We characterized the expression p... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.468127965927124,
-1.1622135639190674,
2.638165235519409
] |
['Balanced chromosomal rearrangements occasionally have strong phenotypic effects, which may be useful in understanding pathobiology. However, conventional strategies for characterising breakpoints are laborious and inaccurate. We present here a proband with a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and a balanced translocation... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3706893920898438,
-1.3591787815093994,
2.82965087890625
] |
['To examine the predictive factors of capsule endoscopy (CE) completion rate (CECR) including the effect of inpatient and outpatient status.', 'We identified 355 consecutive patients who completed CE at Rush University Medical Center between March 2003 and October 2005. Subjects for CE had either nothing by mouth or c... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2876085042953491,
-1.718401551246643,
1.985113263130188
] |
['To determine the effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on intestinal permeability (IP) in mice with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), and the expression of tight junction proteins.', 'We selected D-lactate as an index of IP, induced FHF using D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine/TNF-α, assess... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9523392915725708,
-1.5930864810943604,
2.5745158195495605
] |
['The WHO 2008 guidelines recommend that bone marrow (BM) slides for the morphological assessment of dysplasia should be made from freshly obtained BM specimens, and that specimens exposed to anticoagulants for more than two hours are unsatisfactory. However, BM aspirates may be exposed to excessive concentrations of a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4853827953338623,
-1.3191909790039062,
2.9008378982543945
] |
['To further investigate the anti-colorectal carcinoma (CRC) effect of Sophoridine (SRI) which is a quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Sophora alopecuroides L. and detect the mechanism involved, provide some basis for the development of S. alopecuroides L.', 'The anti-proliferati... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.476531744003296,
-1.3221768140792847,
2.859513759613037
] |
["The apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype in response to pharmacological treatments in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a matter of controversy. This analysis investigated the effect of the APOE genotype on the clinical response to rivastigmine transdermal patch monotherapy or memantine plus rivastigmine pat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1927683353424072,
-1.4061717987060547,
2.6524384021759033
] |
['Locally-active growth factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases in which organ fibrosis is a characteristic feature. In the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD), two such pro-fibrotic factors, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) have emerged as lea... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4352686405181885,
-1.3152155876159668,
2.8039708137512207
] |
['Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) was shown to reduce P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression and activity in several tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of IFN-α pretreatment on the antitumoral and antimetastatic, Docetaxel (DTX, P-gp substrate), on Lewis Lung Cancer (3LL) bearing mice and to correlate it ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9321675300598145,
-1.572953224182129,
2.4935989379882812
] |
['Fluticasone furoate (FF) is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) with 24-hour activity in development as a once-daily treatment for the long-term management of asthma.', 'To assess the efficacy and safety of 4 doses of once-daily FF administered using a dry powder inhaler in patients (≥12 years) with moderate asthma, unco... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6915065050125122,
-1.600661039352417,
2.319399356842041
] |
['We showed previously that the acute effect of ethanol on intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) expression might be mediated by endogenous nitric oxide (NO). To extend these findings, this study was designed to investigate a possible role of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in the observed phenomenon, using 7-nitroindazole (7-... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.351142168045044,
-1.3963226079940796,
2.7931933403015137
] |
['The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of irinotecan monotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).', 'Patients with APC refractory to gemcitabine and S-1 were included. Irinotecan (100 mg/m(2)) was administered on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks until disease progression or una... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7608519792556763,
-1.6139702796936035,
2.3439083099365234
] |
["General practitioners have a key role in updating their patients' medication. Poor communication regarding patients' drug use may easily occur when patients cross health care levels. We wanted to explore whether such inadequate communication leads to errors in patients' medication on admission, during hospital stay, ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.4787813425064087,
0.5728567242622375,
-0.03427668660879135
] |
['Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 produced in airway epithelia has been suggested as a contributor to the airway remodeling observed in asthma patients. The protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is a demonstrable modulator of TGF-β1 production and thus a potential regulator of airway remodeling.', 'To define the signal... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5157406330108643,
-1.2720592021942139,
2.801480531692505
] |
['Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced apoptotic cell death, which is an important pathogenic factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to explore the role of the PERK-eIF2 pathway in CSE-induced human bronchial epithe... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.549450635910034,
-1.253132939338684,
2.814117670059204
] |
['Atherosclerosis is a chronic degenerative disease of the arteries and is thought to be one of the most common causes of death globally. In recent years, the functions of adventitial fibroblasts in the development of atherosclerosis and tissue repair have gained increased interests. LPS can increase the morbidity and ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.462616205215454,
-1.3284354209899902,
2.823624849319458
] |
['We assessed the frequency and relatedness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates to determine whether healthcare workers, the environment, or admitted patients could be a reservoir for MRSA on a burn trauma unit (BTU). We also assessed risk factors for MRSA colonization among BTU patients.', '... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8871593475341797,
-1.171280860900879,
2.1320996284484863
] |
['Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a common and serious clinical condition. Lactoferrin (Lf) has displayed antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in protecting the intestinal mucosa. The objective of this study was to investigate whether oral administration of Lf could attenuate I/R-induced intestinal i... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.015406847000122,
-1.4846822023391724,
2.5155813694000244
] |
['To determine whether the pattern of progressive disease (PD) for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients has changed with the introduction of the current standard of care protocol - postoperative conformal radiotherapy to a dose of 60 Gray in 30 fractions with concurrent low-dose (75-100\u2009mg/m(2) ) temozolomide, f... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.4647611379623413,
-1.7127954959869385,
2.2189736366271973
] |
['Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) has been demonstrated to be expressed in prostate carcinoma cells and estrogen signals through ERβ to act as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer patients. ERβ is thought to regulate the cell cycle of prostate carcinoma cells by controlling the expression of cell cycle regulators includi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2769453525543213,
-1.3702304363250732,
2.6490230560302734
] |
['Previous research has demonstrated that ground reaction force (GRF) recorded during eccentric ankle exercise is characterized by greater power in the 8- to 12-Hz bandwidth when compared with that recorded during concentric ankle exercise. Subsequently, it was suggested that vibrations in this bandwidth may underpin t... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.299429178237915,
0.015864169225096703,
1.340234637260437
] |
['Although a more favorable course of multiple sclerosis is associated with a low degree of cortical pathology, only longitudinal studies could definitely confirm this association.', 'We followed 95 early relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS; median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) = 1.5, mean disease duration = 3.1 ± 1... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.83986496925354,
-1.4428393840789795,
2.3601174354553223
] |
['To assess the views of psychotherapists regarding management of treatment errors by reviewing and analyzing interviews with therapists.', 'A literature search was used to identify topics for the interview guide. Semi-structured interviews with 30 psychotherapists were conducted and analyzed according to qualitative c... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-2.636842966079712,
2.2285096645355225,
-0.2959860563278198
] |
['We aimed to describe the relationship between early peripheral leukocyte apoptosis and incidence of subsequent infection in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock (T/HS).', 'T/HS patients requiring emergency surgery were prospectively enrolled. Nucleosome ELISA and TUNEL staining were performed on peripheral blood dr... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.104182004928589,
-1.3047919273376465,
2.454561710357666
] |
['The pathogenesis of influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (hereafter, "H5N1") infection in humans is not completely understood, although hypercytokinemia is thought to play a role. We previously reported that most H5N1 viruses induce high cytokine responses in human macrophages, whereas some H5N1 viruses induce only a low l... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5977511405944824,
-0.8143172264099121,
2.4553720951080322
] |
['Mechanical dyssynchrony associated with rapid pacing induces cardiac cell stress and myocardial apoptotic pathway activation that has been implicated in the pathophysiology of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Effects of dyssynchrony per se are not fully understood. The objective of our study was to test whether ven... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3494813442230225,
-1.395950198173523,
2.8138256072998047
] |
['BK polyomavirus (BKV) infection remains a significant cause of nephropathy and graft loss. Fluoroquinolones inhibit BKV replication in vitro, and small studies suggest in vivo benefit. A strategy of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis directed specifically against BKV has not been formally tested against a control group in k... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7311033010482788,
-1.6217854022979736,
2.3181281089782715
] |
['We investigated the association between the ratio of serum glycated albumin (GA) levels to hyperglycemic levels (GA/A1c ratio) and the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis.', 'For this retrospective longitudinal study we recruited patients who had undergone carotid IMT measurement twice and been tested conse... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9507170915603638,
-1.3173060417175293,
2.306457757949829
] |
['Mechanical ventilation of preterm babies increases survival but can also cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), leading to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). It is not known whether shear stress injury from gases flowing into the preterm lung during ventilation contributes to VILI.', "Preterm ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.364358425140381,
-1.161537528038025,
2.627107620239258
] |
['Although ablative fractional laser for the facial photodamaged skin was effective and safe, there have been only limited reports regarding the efficacy and safety of fractional Er:YAG laser treatments for photodamaged facial skin in Asians.', "Our objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of the Er:YAG laser (2... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6887836456298828,
-1.4510542154312134,
2.183413505554199
] |
['The default response of the esophagus to injury includes inflammation and scar tissue formation often leading to stricture. Biologic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) have been associated with the reconstitution of functional esophageal tissue in preclinical studies and clinical case reports of esophag... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.598538398742676,
-0.9138595461845398,
2.5922141075134277
] |
['Notch signalling plays an important role in many cell activities, involving proliferation, migration, differentiation and cell death. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of such signalling on adipogenesis of mouse adipose-derived stem cells (mASCs).', 'Jagged1 (50 and 100\xa0ng/ml) was added to mASCs to ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2058889865875244,
-1.235339879989624,
2.4431984424591064
] |
['Tumor cells with stem-like phenotype and properties, known as cancer stem cells (CSC), have been identified in most solid tumors and are presumed to be responsible for driving tumor initiation, chemoresistance, relapse, or metastasis. A subpopulation of cells with increased stem-like potential has also been identifie... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4944121837615967,
-1.2842676639556885,
2.88519287109375
] |
["The study examined the effects of a parental intervention to reduce parents' stress levels during the hospitalization of their very preterm infants in a NICU, taking into account possible differences between mothers and fathers.", "Parents of infants born ≤ 32 weeks gestational age (GA) were randomly assigned to a st... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-2.3057782649993896,
0.780439555644989,
0.6918399333953857
] |
['To determine whether sulforaphane (SFN) protects neurons against injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and, if so, to investigate the possible mechanisms.', 'Primary cultures of neurons were prepared from the cerebral cortex of 1-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats. On days 5-6 in vitro, the neuro... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2456185817718506,
-1.353002905845642,
2.649029493331909
] |
['To determine whether experienced health professionals recognise patient deterioration more accurately and efficiently using (a) novel observation charts, designed from a human factors perspective, or (b) chart designs with which they have long-term experience.', "Participants were 101 health professionals experienced... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.9278963804244995,
1.3418240547180176,
-0.17088203132152557
] |
['To examine the feasibility and potential benefits of using recumbent cross-training for nonambulatory adults with cerebral palsy (CP).', 'Observational.', 'Clinical center for CP treatment and rehabilitation.', 'Significantly motor-impaired adults with CP (N=11) with a mean age ± SD of 36.3±13.2 years and Gross Motor... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8648408651351929,
-0.8208959102630615,
1.7721161842346191
] |
['Pulmonary contusion (PC) is common in cases of polytrauma. The aim of this study was to perform a multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with the occurrence of infection in PC and analyze the microbiological epidemiology.', 'All patients with PC admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between January 2002... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.985878586769104,
-1.3156696557998657,
2.344301223754883
] |
['Chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a systemic syndrome characterized by imbalances in mineral homeostasis, renal osteodystrophy (ROD) and ectopic calcification. The mechanisms underlying this syndrome in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not yet clear.', 'We examined the effect ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4714157581329346,
-1.2547736167907715,
2.7672064304351807
] |
['Calcium signaling is important for both normal physiologic processes and pathology of various diseases. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) gene has been reported to be a potential candidate for calcium influx. The present study aimed to investigate the possible role of TRPM7 channels in apoptosis in ra... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3596456050872803,
-1.2537815570831299,
2.6962661743164062
] |
['Carotid intima-media thickening is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in humans. We discovered that intima formation and cell proliferation in response to carotid injury is greater in SJL/J (SJL) in comparison with C3HeB/FeJ (C3H/F) mice. The purpose of this study was to identify candidate genes contributi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2088773250579834,
-1.3230698108673096,
2.556939125061035
] |
['To investigate the significance of intra-abdominal fat area (IAFA) on new onset of individual components of the metabolic syndrome: high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, or hyperglycemia.', 'We conducted a longitudinal study using checkup data of a hospital from 1994 to 2010. Of 25,255 subjects, we examined 1,380 Japane... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9837902784347534,
-1.188205361366272,
2.3359241485595703
] |
['Small body size at birth is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Dietary habits are tightly linked with these disorders, but the association between body size at birth and adult diet has been little studied. We examined the association between body size at birth and intake ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.5692567825317383,
-1.3272883892059326,
0.9750012159347534
] |
['Most heart failure patients have multiple comorbidities.', 'This study aims to test the moderating effect of comorbidity on the relationship between self-efficacy and self-care in adults with heart failure.', 'Secondary analysis of four mixed methods studies (n = 114) was done. Self-care and self-efficacy were measur... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.8512364625930786,
-1.1375547647476196,
0.969520092010498
] |
['[Ca(2+)](i) oscillations are irregular and heterogeneous.', 'The correlations between NFκB/STAT3-GFP transcription and [Ca(2+)](i) spike amplitude/cumulative spike duration are revealed by simultaneous monitoring in single cells and validated in cell population.'] Do irregular Ca ( 2+ ) oscillations regulate transcri... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7307202816009521,
-0.9880862832069397,
1.85372793674469
] |
['The choice of implant design plays an important role for primary fixation of a TKA. Short-keeled tibial components allow implantation through a smaller approach with less femorotibial subluxation.', 'The purpose of this study was to detect early implant failure resulting from aseptic loosening after cemented short-ke... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9167823791503906,
-1.272298812866211,
2.2134838104248047
] |
['The overexpression of Aurora A kinase (AurA) has been reported in various malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the expression of AurA and the effects of AurA inhibition in cancer stem cells are not yet fully understood. We investigated the expression and inhibition of AurA in AML stem cells ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.413670301437378,
-1.148782730102539,
2.5836939811706543
] |
['Genetic variability affects clinical outcome in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients. Evaluating gene polymorphisms in ABC transporters could help identify relapse risk and predict outcome.', 'The SNaPshot SNP technique was used to analyze single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the multidrug transpo... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.262984037399292,
-1.2527384757995605,
2.5639090538024902
] |
['The present study was designed to investigate the prognostic factors of stage IIA (pT3N0M0) colon cancer.', 'We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with stage IIA colon cancer treated with curative surgery alone from January 2004 to June 2008 in Peking University Cancer Hospital. Patient demographics, and c... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.87037193775177,
-1.495703935623169,
2.3783607482910156
] |
['Cancer incidence and mortality rates have decreased over the last few decades, yet not all groups have benefited equally from these successes. This has resulted in increased disparities in cancer burden among various population groups.', 'This study examined trends in absolute and relative disparities in overall canc... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.293586254119873,
2.9545230865478516,
-2.1435863971710205
] |
['Peritoneal clearance of albumin-unlike the transport of small molecules-is defined by both vascular surface area and size-selective permeability. Few studies have supported a positive correlation between peritoneal albumin loss and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether baseline peritoneal loss a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3091132640838623,
-1.3494194746017456,
2.7398765087127686
] |
['Incubation of chronic myeloid leukemia cells in hypoxia inhibits growth and selects BCR/Abl-independent cells with stem cell properties which are refractory to imatinib-mesylate. This study aimed to characterize the relationship of this refractoriness with glucose availability in the environment.', 'K562 or primary c... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5373847484588623,
-1.109795093536377,
2.7132949829101562
] |
['To compare pulse oximetry in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and controls and test the hypothesis that vitamin C deficiency (VCD; <11.4 μmol/L) is associated with nocturnal haemoglobin oxygen desaturation in SCA.', 'We undertook nocturnal and daytime pulse oximetry in 23 children with SCA (median age 8 years)... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6965101957321167,
-1.2862836122512817,
2.0352888107299805
] |
['Transjugular intrahepatic stent-shunt (TIPSS) insertion, in patients with uncontrolled gastro-intestinal bleeding, often results in worsening of the systemic hemodynamics which can be associated with intracranial hypertension but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study explored the hypothesis that TIPSS ins... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4826600551605225,
-1.357433795928955,
2.890608787536621
] |
['Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a strong predictor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whites appear to have a higher prevalence of CAC than African-Americans (AAs), but it is unknown if type 2 diabetes, a major cardiovascular risk factor, attenuates this difference. We investigated the relationsh... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1043365001678467,
-0.9245781302452087,
2.1122188568115234
] |
['Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) redox signaling regulates multiple aspects of cell growth and survival, and elevated tumor levels of Trx-1 have been associated with decreased patient survival. PX-12, an inhibitor of Trx-1 currently in clinical development, has been found to decrease tumor levels of the HIF-1α transcription fac... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.407377243041992,
-1.2420578002929688,
2.666043281555176
] |
["This study was inspired by coalescing evidence that magnetic therapy may be a viable treatment option for certain diseases. This premise is based on the ability of moderate strength fields (i.e., 0.1 to 1 Tesla) to alter the biophysical properties of lipid bilayers and in turn modulate cellular signaling pathways. In... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5167856216430664,
-1.24373197555542,
2.8220114707946777
] |
['To investigate the efficacy and complications of limbal allografting from related live donors (RL-LAT) for limbal stem cell deficiency secondary to ocular chemical burn.', 'Retrospective comparative case series. Limbal allografting from related live human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched (n = 10) and-unmatched donors ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.823956847190857,
-1.6294739246368408,
2.4466755390167236
] |
['although numerous studies have explored the mechanisms regulating the enzyme activity of NADPH oxidase in diabetic nephropathy (DN), little information is available for the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs) to the regulation of NADPH oxidase expression. Therefore, the present study was to test whether miRNAs importa... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1657044887542725,
-1.1821165084838867,
2.336315870285034
] |
['Polysaccharide krestin (PSK) is a mushroom extract that has been long used in Asia and recently in Western countries as a treatment for cancer due to its presumed immune potentiating effects. Although there have been reports of clinical responses after patients have ingested PSK, the mechanism of action of the agent ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4306442737579346,
-1.2384846210479736,
2.732996940612793
] |
['Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) is abundantly expressed by human endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. However, the role for PTHLH in the decidualization process is unknown.', 'To examine the effects of PTHLH on the induction and maintenance of decidualization of human uterine fibroblast (HUF) ce... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3491017818450928,
-1.374619960784912,
2.763707160949707
] |
['In stage II colorectal cancer (CRC), high-risk patient selection is required, but no candidate markers have been elucidated. Our concern was whether anastomotic leakage (Lk) is a potential available clinicopathological factor for selecting high-risk stage II.', 'Two hundred seven patients with stage II CRC who underw... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9824151992797852,
-1.576357126235962,
2.593061923980713
] |
['Previous studies have demonstrated that endogenous bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7) level is reduced in acute kidney injury and administration of exogenous BMP-7 has a beneficial effect on kidney function. In spite of preventive management, contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is still the third cause of acute deteri... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.2835756540298462,
-1.445838451385498,
1.7481521368026733
] |
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